commit e79b8f3ed201cd9ac6718f642459ff80d857e4b8
Author: Nanako <469449812@qq.com>
Date:   Thu Jan 25 11:21:15 2024 +0800

    Init

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..abc5782
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+/Binaries
+/.vs
+/.idea
+/Intermediate
+/Saved
diff --git a/.vsconfig b/.vsconfig
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a9d718
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.vsconfig
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+{
+  "version": "1.0",
+  "components": [
+    "Microsoft.Net.Component.4.6.2.TargetingPack",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.14.36.17.6.x86.x64",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Tools.x86.x64",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.Windows10SDK.22000",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.CoreEditor",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.ManagedDesktop",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.NativeDesktop",
+    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.NativeGame"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/Arona.sln b/Arona.sln
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8397450
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Arona.sln
@@ -0,0 +1,1846 @@
+
+Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 12.00
+# Visual Studio Version 17
+VisualStudioVersion = 17.0.31314.256
+MinimumVisualStudioVersion = 10.0.40219.1
+Project("{2150E333-8FDC-42A3-9474-1A3956D46DE8}") = "Automation", "Automation", "{0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}"
+EndProject
+Project("{2150E333-8FDC-42A3-9474-1A3956D46DE8}") = "Engine", "Engine", "{233774A8-CC9D-3FA9-86D1-90573E92B704}"
+EndProject
+Project("{2150E333-8FDC-42A3-9474-1A3956D46DE8}") = "Programs", "Programs", "{A338B9E2-A559-34BE-A46D-F789DD488FAD}"
+EndProject
+Project("{2150E333-8FDC-42A3-9474-1A3956D46DE8}") = "Rules", "Rules", "{C2F57ECE-B26F-39D8-BDA7-C1D40BD8F180}"
+EndProject
+Project("{2150E333-8FDC-42A3-9474-1A3956D46DE8}") = "Shared", "Shared", "{57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}"
+EndProject
+Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "Arona", "Intermediate\ProjectFiles\Arona.vcxproj", "{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}"
+	ProjectSection(ProjectDependencies) = postProject
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60} = {F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}
+	EndProjectSection
+EndProject
+Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "UE5", "Intermediate\ProjectFiles\UE5.vcxproj", "{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}"
+	ProjectSection(ProjectDependencies) = postProject
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60} = {F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}
+	EndProjectSection
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "UnrealBuildTool", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\UnrealBuildTool\UnrealBuildTool.csproj", "{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "AutomationTool", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\AutomationTool.csproj", "{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Android.Automation", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\Android\Android.Automation.csproj", "{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Apple.Automation", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\Apple\Apple.Automation.csproj", "{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "AutomationUtils.Automation", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\AutomationUtils\AutomationUtils.Automation.csproj", "{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "BuildGraph.Automation", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\BuildGraph\BuildGraph.Automation.csproj", "{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "CookedEditor.Automation", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\CookedEditor\CookedEditor.Automation.csproj", "{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "CrowdinLocalization.Automation", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\CrowdinLocalization\CrowdinLocalization.Automation.csproj", "{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Gauntlet.Automation", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\Gauntlet\Gauntlet.Automation.csproj", "{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "IOS.Automation", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\IOS\IOS.Automation.csproj", "{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Linux.Automation", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\Linux\Linux.Automation.csproj", "{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Localization.Automation", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\Localization\Localization.Automation.csproj", "{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "LowLevelTests.Automation", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\LowLevelTests\LowLevelTests.Automation.csproj", "{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Mac.Automation", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\Mac\Mac.Automation.csproj", "{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "OneSkyLocalization.Automation", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\OneSkyLocalization\OneSkyLocalization.Automation.csproj", "{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "AutomationScripts.Automation", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\Scripts\AutomationScripts.Automation.csproj", "{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "SmartlingLocalization.Automation", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\SmartlingLocalization\SmartlingLocalization.Automation.csproj", "{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "SteamDeck.Automation", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\SteamDeck\SteamDeck.Automation.csproj", "{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "TVOS.Automation", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\TVOS\TVOS.Automation.csproj", "{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Turnkey.Automation", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\Turnkey\Turnkey.Automation.csproj", "{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Win.Automation", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\Win\Win.Automation.csproj", "{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "XLocLocalization.Automation", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\AutomationTool\XLocLocalization\XLocLocalization.Automation.csproj", "{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "EpicGames.AspNet", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\Shared\EpicGames.AspNet\EpicGames.AspNet.csproj", "{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "EpicGames.Box", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\Shared\EpicGames.Box\EpicGames.Box.csproj", "{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "EpicGames.Build", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\Shared\EpicGames.Build\EpicGames.Build.csproj", "{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "EpicGames.BuildGraph", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\Shared\EpicGames.BuildGraph\EpicGames.BuildGraph.csproj", "{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "EpicGames.Core", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\Shared\EpicGames.Core\EpicGames.Core.csproj", "{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "EpicGames.Horde", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\Shared\EpicGames.Horde\EpicGames.Horde.csproj", "{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "EpicGames.IoHash", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\Shared\EpicGames.IoHash\EpicGames.IoHash.csproj", "{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "EpicGames.Jupiter", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\Shared\EpicGames.Jupiter\EpicGames.Jupiter.csproj", "{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "EpicGames.MongoDB", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\Shared\EpicGames.MongoDB\EpicGames.MongoDB.csproj", "{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "EpicGames.MsBuild", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\Shared\EpicGames.MsBuild\EpicGames.MsBuild.csproj", "{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "EpicGames.OIDC", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\Shared\EpicGames.OIDC\EpicGames.OIDC.csproj", "{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "EpicGames.Oodle", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\Shared\EpicGames.Oodle\EpicGames.Oodle.csproj", "{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "EpicGames.Perforce", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\Shared\EpicGames.Perforce\EpicGames.Perforce.csproj", "{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "EpicGames.Perforce.Fixture", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\Shared\EpicGames.Perforce.Fixture\EpicGames.Perforce.Fixture.csproj", "{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "EpicGames.Perforce.Managed", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\Shared\EpicGames.Perforce.Managed\EpicGames.Perforce.Managed.csproj", "{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "EpicGames.Redis", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\Shared\EpicGames.Redis\EpicGames.Redis.csproj", "{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "EpicGames.Serialization", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\Shared\EpicGames.Serialization\EpicGames.Serialization.csproj", "{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "EpicGames.Slack", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\Shared\EpicGames.Slack\EpicGames.Slack.csproj", "{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "EpicGames.Tracing", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\Shared\EpicGames.Tracing\EpicGames.Tracing.csproj", "{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "EpicGames.UHT", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Source\Programs\Shared\EpicGames.UHT\EpicGames.UHT.csproj", "{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "UE5ProgramRules", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Intermediate\Build\BuildRulesProjects\UE5ProgramRules\UE5ProgramRules.csproj", "{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "UE5Rules", "F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Intermediate\Build\BuildRulesProjects\UE5Rules\UE5Rules.csproj", "{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}"
+EndProject
+Project("{2150E333-8FDC-42A3-9474-1A3956D46DE8}") = "Visualizers", "Visualizers", "{1CCEC849-CC72-4C59-8C36-2F7C38706D4C}"
+	ProjectSection(SolutionItems) = preProject
+		F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Extras\VisualStudioDebugging\Unreal.natvis = F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Extras\VisualStudioDebugging\Unreal.natvis
+		F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Extras\VisualStudioDebugging\Unreal.natstepfilter = F:\Unreal Engine\Unreal Engine Source\Engine\Extras\VisualStudioDebugging\Unreal.natstepfilter
+	EndProjectSection
+EndProject
+Global
+	GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
+		Debug Client|Win64 = Debug Client|Win64
+		Debug Editor|Win64 = Debug Editor|Win64
+		Debug Server|Win64 = Debug Server|Win64
+		DebugGame Client|Win64 = DebugGame Client|Win64
+		DebugGame Editor|Win64 = DebugGame Editor|Win64
+		DebugGame Server|Win64 = DebugGame Server|Win64
+		DebugGame|Win64 = DebugGame|Win64
+		Debug|Win64 = Debug|Win64
+		Development Client|Win64 = Development Client|Win64
+		Development Editor|Win64 = Development Editor|Win64
+		Development Server|Win64 = Development Server|Win64
+		Development|Win64 = Development|Win64
+		Shipping Client|Win64 = Shipping Client|Win64
+		Shipping Server|Win64 = Shipping Server|Win64
+		Shipping|Win64 = Shipping|Win64
+		Test Client|Win64 = Test Client|Win64
+		Test Server|Win64 = Test Server|Win64
+		Test|Win64 = Test|Win64
+	EndGlobalSection
+	# UnrealVS Section
+	GlobalSection(ddbf523f-7eb6-4887-bd51-85a714ff87eb) = preSolution
+		AvailablePlatforms=Win64
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(ProjectConfigurationPlatforms) = postSolution
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Invalid|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug_Program|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug_Program|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Invalid|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Invalid|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = DebugGame_Program|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = DebugGame_Program|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Invalid|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = DebugGame_Program|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = DebugGame_Program|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug_Program|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug_Program|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Invalid|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development_Program|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development_Program|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Invalid|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development_Program|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development_Program|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Invalid|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Invalid|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Shipping_Program|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Shipping_Program|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Invalid|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Invalid|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Test_Program|x64
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Test_Program|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug_Client|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug_Client|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug_Editor|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug_Editor|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug_Server|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug_Server|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = DebugGame_Client|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = DebugGame_Client|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = DebugGame_Editor|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = DebugGame_Editor|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = DebugGame_Server|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = DebugGame_Server|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = DebugGame|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = DebugGame|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development_Client|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development_Client|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development_Editor|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development_Editor|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development_Server|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development_Server|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Shipping_Client|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Shipping_Client|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Shipping_Server|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Shipping_Server|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Shipping|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Shipping|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Test_Client|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Test_Client|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Test_Server|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Test_Server|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Test|x64
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Test|x64
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Debug Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Debug Client|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Debug Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Debug Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Debug Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Debug Server|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.DebugGame Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.DebugGame Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.DebugGame Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.DebugGame Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.DebugGame Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.DebugGame|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.DebugGame|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Debug|Win64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Debug|Win64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Development Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Development Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Development Editor|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Development Editor|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Development Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Development Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Development|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Development|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Shipping Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Shipping Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Shipping Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Shipping Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Shipping|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Shipping|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Test Client|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Test Client|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Test Server|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Test Server|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Test|Win64.ActiveCfg = Development|Any CPU
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673}.Test|Win64.Build.0 = Development|Any CPU
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
+		HideSolutionNode = FALSE
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(NestedProjects) = preSolution
+		{FA3A9BFD-38DB-3C07-8F0C-5F318D319F6E} = {233774A8-CC9D-3FA9-86D1-90573E92B704}
+		{BCB27524-99E9-3ED5-A46C-9B2A4C9E616D} = {A338B9E2-A559-34BE-A46D-F789DD488FAD}
+		{F5380A68-9385-3B6D-A865-F65F23932F60} = {A338B9E2-A559-34BE-A46D-F789DD488FAD}
+		{E828FDF7-9B98-3750-9291-83F3881BB322} = {A338B9E2-A559-34BE-A46D-F789DD488FAD}
+		{0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3} = {A338B9E2-A559-34BE-A46D-F789DD488FAD}
+		{57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C} = {A338B9E2-A559-34BE-A46D-F789DD488FAD}
+		{87526EDE-1DA3-3AD7-AD70-4F86F3A6A030} = {0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}
+		{351A56DD-47EF-3C72-88C7-E8D454E0D53D} = {0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}
+		{60768F89-46FE-3C70-9D7C-9DFF15015AD5} = {0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}
+		{C8F75792-3814-3365-92CD-90A3E8A37A94} = {0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}
+		{8AC5B9E6-06F5-3FDC-BA1D-A7D794B12F62} = {0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}
+		{A338EC7C-9C0B-3113-904A-777A3EDEC8B6} = {0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}
+		{50D69AF5-F0B9-3136-8FCA-55FE6591433D} = {0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}
+		{B4A8572E-927C-335A-AD94-643CE7EE8A25} = {0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}
+		{945512E1-680F-3F80-85D4-E8A3723C632B} = {0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}
+		{F8787EF8-E9B1-3AE2-B6C5-B8FF104297FD} = {0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}
+		{A606EE4E-B01C-39FA-84A7-E1764EE70ABB} = {0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}
+		{0D426AD6-872F-3381-BBB8-36F31135754F} = {0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}
+		{8E859816-E61A-3362-A45D-F10A4B262B0A} = {0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}
+		{BE55092C-F7FA-3440-ACA0-0A9EAACA1B3D} = {0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}
+		{1D036329-9024-3C18-9B2D-AA12DD087A69} = {0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}
+		{9C39E0C9-7A3C-3759-B1CC-53D84FC305CD} = {0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}
+		{84B9C45A-CBCC-3795-BA19-1644B6A2DBA2} = {0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}
+		{226BFEDB-ABEB-3F8C-AF2E-97E05AA8168D} = {0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}
+		{E94A506B-C605-3757-A1AC-000B38258BDB} = {0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}
+		{5F77975D-702D-322A-B309-2D2A3DA3C613} = {0BFBE63A-B98A-3411-8EEB-8918FEC737B3}
+		{3C72C513-DA89-3CA7-9D52-FE1FE6EA2789} = {57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}
+		{0BAD26A6-E5B6-38CD-AF56-CD07362FFE8B} = {57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}
+		{E351FEDF-B2D7-3A80-AF0A-1828712D8D85} = {57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}
+		{93D7933D-7146-3347-8CBD-DA127EDF9731} = {57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}
+		{FEA8B339-AD24-3CA2-92CD-DDFB30EBD1DD} = {57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}
+		{74720E9C-7924-3709-8640-54BF3B653625} = {57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}
+		{F23644E6-7C7C-34DF-A22D-7D07131C3612} = {57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}
+		{F5850976-1066-3555-82A8-78272F30F79D} = {57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}
+		{C7DA9F6F-B3BD-3E03-9403-B909C288EA81} = {57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}
+		{161AD381-E40D-3846-BEFF-039447C2941B} = {57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}
+		{0B8FA69A-672E-3241-9C74-911713ED3C35} = {57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}
+		{38526FC2-CFAA-341A-9C20-2733B936C846} = {57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}
+		{5A17B729-5B23-371E-BEE1-591788245F98} = {57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}
+		{6CA5A4E4-4002-3354-B372-C714B9590CDC} = {57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}
+		{8DA81558-7D97-3286-BC77-AB09F69EB2F2} = {57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}
+		{B0E1D002-785C-3E57-A52A-55C9D2363F2F} = {57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}
+		{38F2CBC2-09BD-362E-9B8A-64F7201F7469} = {57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}
+		{87EA79BD-2651-38F6-9DBF-D8A045FEC9F4} = {57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}
+		{A29C994D-5BF5-3270-A08C-F6FBE1D311FF} = {57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}
+		{7FD7B508-3020-332E-9018-6869AF59AAC1} = {57713676-9DBE-331C-AD10-26632AC9EE0C}
+		{78636179-9787-304E-86B8-B6CF6C527ABC} = {C2F57ECE-B26F-39D8-BDA7-C1D40BD8F180}
+		{600DCEFD-7237-353D-AC38-EA07D8E4C673} = {C2F57ECE-B26F-39D8-BDA7-C1D40BD8F180}
+	EndGlobalSection
+EndGlobal
diff --git a/Arona.sln.DotSettings.user b/Arona.sln.DotSettings.user
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe1d664
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Arona.sln.DotSettings.user
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<wpf:ResourceDictionary xml:space="preserve" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:s="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib" xmlns:ss="urn:shemas-jetbrains-com:settings-storage-xaml" xmlns:wpf="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation">
+	<s:String x:Key="/Default/CodeInspection/ExcludedFiles/FilesAndFoldersToSkip2/=7020124F_002D9FFC_002D4AC3_002D8F3D_002DAAB8E0240759_002Ff_003Acstdlib_002Fl_003AH_0021_003FVisual_0020Studio_003FVC_003FTools_003FMSVC_003F14_002E38_002E33130_003Finclude_003Fcstdlib/@EntryIndexedValue">ForceIncluded</s:String>
+	<s:String x:Key="/Default/CodeInspection/ExcludedFiles/FilesAndFoldersToSkip2/=7020124F_002D9FFC_002D4AC3_002D8F3D_002DAAB8E0240759_002Ff_003Avolk_002Ec_002Fl_003AF_0021_003FUnreal_0020Engine_003FUnreal_0020Engine_0020Source_003FEngine_003FSource_003FThirdParty_003FVulkan_003FInclude_003FVolk_003Fvolk_002Ec_002Fz_003A2_002D1/@EntryIndexedValue">ForceIncluded</s:String></wpf:ResourceDictionary>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Arona.uproject b/Arona.uproject
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2a2f2d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Arona.uproject
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+	"FileVersion": 3,
+	"EngineAssociation": "{15DECA3A-4D95-597C-AAD4-38A8F659756E}",
+	"Category": "",
+	"Description": "",
+	"Modules": [
+		{
+			"Name": "Arona",
+			"Type": "Runtime",
+			"LoadingPhase": "Default"
+		},
+		{
+			"Name": "AronaModule",
+			"Type": "Runtime",
+			"LoadingPhase": "Default"
+		}
+	]
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Config/AronaSettings.ini b/Config/AronaSettings.ini
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b76effd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Config/AronaSettings.ini
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+[Skin]
+Skin=Default
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Content/Shader/Arona/D3D/Test.hlsl b/Content/Shader/Arona/D3D/Test.hlsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c07e60f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/Shader/Arona/D3D/Test.hlsl
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+
+// Texture2D WaveformTexture;
+// SamplerState WaveformTextureSampler;
+
+struct VertexOut
+{
+	float4 Position : SV_POSITION;
+	float4 Color : COLOR0;
+	float4 SecondaryColor : COLOR1;
+	float4 TextureCoordinates : TEXCOORD0;
+};
+
+
+float4 Main(VertexOut InVertex) : SV_Target
+{
+    // float4 WaveformData = WaveformTexture.Sample(WaveformTextureSampler, InVertex.TextureCoordinates.xy * InVertex.TextureCoordinates.zw);
+
+    // float4 Color;
+    // float Top = WaveformData.r;
+    // float Buttom = WaveformData.g;
+
+    // if(InVertex.TextureCoordinates.y >= Buttom && InVertex.TextureCoordinates.y <= Top)
+    // {
+    //     Color = float4(0, 1, 0, 1);
+    // }
+    // else
+    // {
+    //     Color = float4(0, 0, 0, 0);
+    // }
+    return InVertex.TextureCoordinates;
+}
diff --git a/Content/Shader/Arona/D3D/WaveformCS.hlsl b/Content/Shader/Arona/D3D/WaveformCS.hlsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b16451a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/Shader/Arona/D3D/WaveformCS.hlsl
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+RWTexture2D<float4> Result;
+RWStructuredBuffer<float> Samples;
+cbuffer Params : register(b0)
+{
+    float4 WaveColor;
+    float4 BgColor;
+    float LineUV;
+};
+
+[numthreads(1, 1, 1)]
+void Main(uint3 id : SV_DispatchThreadID)
+{
+    uint width, height;
+    Result.GetDimensions(width, height);
+
+    // float2 uv = float2(id.xy / float2(width, height));
+    // uv.y = abs(((1.0 - uv.y) - 0.5) * 2); // 居中
+
+    int X = id.x;
+    int Y = id.y;
+
+    // float4 color = lerp(BgColor, WaveColor, min(step(value.x, uv.y), step(uv.y , value.y)));
+
+    float Top = Samples[X * 2] + 1; // -1;
+    float Bottom = Samples[X * 2 + 1] + 1; // 1;
+    Top = min(Top, 1);
+    Bottom = max(Bottom, 0);
+	Top *= height;
+	Top *= 0.5;
+	Bottom *= height;
+	Bottom *= 0.5;
+
+
+    if ((id.y <= Bottom && id.y >= Top) || (Y == height / 2))
+    {
+        Result[id.xy] = WaveColor;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        Result[id.xy] = BgColor;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Content/Shader/Arona/OpenGL/Test.glsl b/Content/Shader/Arona/OpenGL/Test.glsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..35db2b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/Shader/Arona/OpenGL/Test.glsl
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+// handle differences between ES and full GL shaders
+#if PLATFORM_USES_GLES
+precision highp float;
+#else
+// #version 120 at the beginning is added in FSlateOpenGLShader::CompileShader()
+#extension GL_EXT_gpu_shader4 : enable
+#endif
+
+// uniform sampler2D WaveformTexture;
+
+in vec4 Position;
+in vec4 TexCoords;
+in vec4 Color;
+in vec4 SecondaryColor;
+out vec4 fragColor;
+void main()
+{
+	vec4 OutColor = vec4(0.262,1.000,0.217,1.000);
+	// gl_FragColor = texture2D(WaveformTexture, TexCoords.xy);
+	fragColor = TexCoords;
+}
diff --git a/Content/Shader/Arona/OpenGL/WaveformCS.glsl b/Content/Shader/Arona/OpenGL/WaveformCS.glsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..81a3904
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/Shader/Arona/OpenGL/WaveformCS.glsl
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+// handle differences between ES and full GL shaders
+#if PLATFORM_USES_GLES
+precision highp float;
+#else
+// #version 120 at the beginning is added in FSlateOpenGLShader::CompileShader()
+#extension GL_EXT_gpu_shader4 : enable
+#endif
+layout (local_size_x = 1,local_size_y = 1,local_size_z = 1) in;
+
+vec4 lerp(vec4 a, vec4 b, float x)
+{
+    return a + x * (b - a);
+}
+
+
+layout (rgba8, binding = 2) writeonly uniform image2D Result;
+layout (std430, binding = 0) buffer Samples
+{
+    float AudioSamples[];
+};
+layout (std430, binding = 1) buffer Params
+{
+	vec4 WaveColor;
+	vec4 BgColor;
+	float LineUV;
+};
+
+void main()
+{
+	vec2 size = vec2(imageSize(Result));
+	ivec2 pos = ivec2(gl_GlobalInvocationID.xy);
+
+	int X = pos.x;
+    int Y = pos.y;
+
+	float height = size.y;
+	float Top = AudioSamples[X * 2] + 1; // -1;
+    float Bottom = AudioSamples[X * 2 + 1] + 1; // 1;
+	Top = min(Top, 1);
+    Bottom = max(Bottom, 0);
+	Top *= height;
+	Top *= 0.5;
+	Bottom *= height;
+	Bottom *= 0.5;
+
+ 	if ((Y <= Bottom && Y >= Top) || (Y == int(height / 2)))
+    {
+		imageStore(Result, pos, WaveColor);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+		imageStore(Result, pos, BgColor);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/D3D/GammaCorrectionCommon.hlsl b/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/D3D/GammaCorrectionCommon.hlsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..26cfdca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/D3D/GammaCorrectionCommon.hlsl
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+
+half3 LinearTo709Branchless(half3 lin) 
+{
+	lin = max(6.10352e-5, lin); // minimum positive non-denormal (fixes black problem on DX11 AMD and NV)
+	return min(lin * 4.5, pow(max(lin, 0.018), 0.45) * 1.099 - 0.099);
+}
+
+half3 LinearToSrgbBranchless(half3 lin) 
+{
+	lin = max(6.10352e-5, lin); // minimum positive non-denormal (fixes black problem on DX11 AMD and NV)
+	return min(lin * 12.92, pow(max(lin, 0.00313067), 1.0/2.4) * 1.055 - 0.055);
+	// Possible that mobile GPUs might have native pow() function?
+	//return min(lin * 12.92, exp2(log2(max(lin, 0.00313067)) * (1.0/2.4) + log2(1.055)) - 0.055);
+}
+
+half LinearToSrgbBranchingChannel(half lin) 
+{
+	if(lin < 0.00313067) return lin * 12.92;
+	return pow(lin, (1.0/2.4)) * 1.055 - 0.055;
+}
+
+half3 LinearToSrgbBranching(half3 lin) 
+{
+	return half3(
+		LinearToSrgbBranchingChannel(lin.r),
+		LinearToSrgbBranchingChannel(lin.g),
+		LinearToSrgbBranchingChannel(lin.b));
+}
+
+half3 sRGBToLinear( half3 Color ) 
+{
+	Color = max(6.10352e-5, Color); // minimum positive non-denormal (fixes black problem on DX11 AMD and NV)
+	return Color > 0.04045 ? pow( Color * (1.0 / 1.055) + 0.0521327, 2.4 ) : Color * (1.0 / 12.92);
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param GammaCurveRatio The curve ratio compared to a 2.2 standard gamma, e.g. 2.2 / DisplayGamma.  So normally the value is 1.
+ */
+half3 ApplyGammaCorrection(float3 LinearColor, float GammaCurveRatio)
+{
+	// Apply "gamma" curve adjustment.
+	float3 CorrectedColor = pow(LinearColor, GammaCurveRatio);
+
+	#if MAC
+		// Note, MacOSX native output is raw gamma 2.2 not sRGB!
+		CorrectedColor = pow(CorrectedColor, 1.0/2.2);
+	#else
+		#if USE_709
+			// Didn't profile yet if the branching version would be faster (different linear segment).
+			CorrectedColor = LinearTo709Branchless(CorrectedColor);
+		#else
+			CorrectedColor = LinearToSrgbBranching(CorrectedColor);
+		#endif
+	#endif
+
+	return CorrectedColor;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/D3D/SlateDefaultVertexShader.hlsl b/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/D3D/SlateDefaultVertexShader.hlsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..93917bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/D3D/SlateDefaultVertexShader.hlsl
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+#include "GammaCorrectionCommon.hlsl"
+
+cbuffer PerElementVSConstants
+{
+	matrix WorldViewProjection;
+}
+
+struct VertexOut
+{
+	float4 Position : SV_POSITION;
+	float4 Color : COLOR0;
+	float4 SecondaryColor : COLOR1;
+	float4 TextureCoordinates : TEXCOORD0;
+};
+
+VertexOut Main(
+	in float2 InPosition : POSITION,
+	in float4 InTextureCoordinates : TEXCOORD0,
+	in float2 MaterialTexCoords : TEXCOORD1,
+	in float4 InColor : COLOR0,
+	in float4 InSecondaryColor : COLOR1
+	)
+{
+	VertexOut Out;
+
+	Out.Position = mul( WorldViewProjection, float4( InPosition.xy, 0, 1 ) );
+
+	Out.TextureCoordinates = InTextureCoordinates;
+	
+	InColor.rgb = sRGBToLinear(InColor.rgb);
+	InSecondaryColor.rgb = sRGBToLinear(InSecondaryColor.rgb);
+
+	Out.Color = InColor;
+	Out.SecondaryColor = InSecondaryColor;
+
+	return Out;
+}
diff --git a/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/D3D/SlateElementPixelShader.hlsl b/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/D3D/SlateElementPixelShader.hlsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..99bc967
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/D3D/SlateElementPixelShader.hlsl
@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+#include "GammaCorrectionCommon.hlsl"
+
+// Shader types
+#define ESlateShader::Default		0
+#define ESlateShader::Border		1
+#define ESlateShader::GrayscaleFont	2
+#define ESlateShader::ColorFont		3
+#define ESlateShader::LineSegment	4
+#define ESlateShader::PostProcess   6
+#define ESlateShader::RoundedBox    7
+
+#define USE_LEGACY_DISABLED_EFFECT 0
+
+Texture2D ElementTexture;
+SamplerState ElementTextureSampler;
+
+cbuffer PerFramePSConstants
+{
+	/** Display gamma x:gamma curve adjustment, y:inverse gamma (1/GEngine->DisplayGamma) */
+	float2 GammaValues;
+};
+
+cbuffer PerElementPSConstants
+{
+    float4 ShaderParams;        // 16 bytes
+	float4 ShaderParams2;		// 16 bytes
+	uint ShaderType;            //  4 bytes
+    uint IgnoreTextureAlpha;    //	4 bytes
+    uint DisableEffect;         //  4 bytes
+    uint UNUSED[1];             //  4 bytes
+};
+
+struct VertexOut
+{
+	float4 Position : SV_POSITION;
+	float4 Color : COLOR0;
+	float4 SecondaryColor : COLOR1;
+	float4 TextureCoordinates : TEXCOORD0;
+};
+
+float3 Hue( float H )
+{
+	float R = abs(H * 6 - 3) - 1;
+	float G = 2 - abs(H * 6 - 2);
+	float B = 2 - abs(H * 6 - 4);
+	return saturate( float3(R,G,B) );
+}
+
+float3 GammaCorrect(float3 InColor)
+{
+	float3 CorrectedColor = InColor;
+
+	if ( GammaValues.y != 1.0f )
+	{
+		CorrectedColor = ApplyGammaCorrection(CorrectedColor, GammaValues.x);
+	}
+
+	return CorrectedColor;
+}
+
+float4 GetGrayscaleFontElementColor( VertexOut InVertex )
+{
+	float4 OutColor = InVertex.Color;
+
+	OutColor.a *= ElementTexture.Sample(ElementTextureSampler, InVertex.TextureCoordinates.xy).a;
+	
+	return OutColor;
+}
+
+float4 GetColorFontElementColor(VertexOut InVertex)
+{
+	float4 OutColor = InVertex.Color;
+
+	OutColor *= ElementTexture.Sample(ElementTextureSampler, InVertex.TextureCoordinates.xy);
+
+	return OutColor;
+}
+
+float4 GetColor( VertexOut InVertex, float2 UV )
+{
+	float4 FinalColor;
+	
+	float4 BaseColor = ElementTexture.Sample(ElementTextureSampler, UV );
+	if( IgnoreTextureAlpha != 0 )
+	{
+		BaseColor.a = 1.0f;
+	}
+
+	FinalColor = BaseColor*InVertex.Color;
+	return FinalColor;
+}
+
+float4 GetDefaultElementColor( VertexOut InVertex )
+{
+	return GetColor( InVertex, InVertex.TextureCoordinates.xy*InVertex.TextureCoordinates.zw );
+}
+
+float4 GetBorderElementColor( VertexOut InVertex )
+{
+	float2 NewUV;
+	if( InVertex.TextureCoordinates.z == 0.0f && InVertex.TextureCoordinates.w == 0.0f )
+	{
+		NewUV = InVertex.TextureCoordinates.xy;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		float2 MinUV;
+		float2 MaxUV;
+	
+		if( InVertex.TextureCoordinates.z > 0 )
+		{
+			MinUV = float2(ShaderParams.x,0);
+			MaxUV = float2(ShaderParams.y,1);
+			InVertex.TextureCoordinates.w = 1.0f;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			MinUV = float2(0,ShaderParams.z);
+			MaxUV = float2(1,ShaderParams.w);
+			InVertex.TextureCoordinates.z = 1.0f;
+		}
+
+		NewUV = InVertex.TextureCoordinates.xy*InVertex.TextureCoordinates.zw;
+		NewUV = frac(NewUV);
+		NewUV = lerp(MinUV,MaxUV,NewUV);	
+	}
+
+	return GetColor( InVertex, NewUV );
+}
+
+float GetRoundedBoxDistance(float2 pos, float2 center, float radius, float inset)
+{
+	// distance from center
+    pos = abs(pos - center); 
+
+    // distance from the inner corner
+    pos = pos - (center - float2(radius + inset, radius + inset));
+
+    // use distance to nearest edge when not in quadrant with radius
+    // this handles an edge case when radius is very close to thickness
+    // otherwise we're in the quadrant with the radius, 
+    // just use the analytic signed distance function
+    return lerp( length(pos) - radius, max(pos.x - radius, pos.y - radius), float(pos.x <= 0 || pos.y <=0) );
+}
+
+float4 GetRoundedBoxElementColor( VertexOut InVertex )
+{
+	const float2 size = ShaderParams.zw;
+	float2 pos = size * InVertex.TextureCoordinates.xy;
+	float2 center = size / 2.0;
+
+	//X = Top Left, Y = Top Right, Z = Bottom Right, W = Bottom Left */
+	float4 cornerRadii = ShaderParams2;
+
+	// figure out which radius to use based on which quadrant we're in
+	float2 quadrant = step(InVertex.TextureCoordinates.xy, float2(.5,.5));
+
+	float left = lerp(cornerRadii.y, cornerRadii.x, quadrant.x);
+	float right = lerp(cornerRadii.z, cornerRadii.w, quadrant.x);
+	float radius = lerp(right, left, quadrant.y);
+
+	float thickness = ShaderParams.y; 
+
+	// Compute the distances internal and external to the border outline
+	float dext = GetRoundedBoxDistance(pos, center, radius, 0.0);
+	float din  = GetRoundedBoxDistance(pos, center, max(radius - thickness, 0), thickness);
+
+	// Compute the border intensity and fill intensity with a smooth transition
+	float spread = 0.5;
+	float bi = smoothstep(spread, -spread, dext);
+	float fi = smoothstep(spread, -spread, din);
+
+	// alpha blend the external color 
+	float4 fill = GetColor(InVertex, InVertex.TextureCoordinates.xy * InVertex.TextureCoordinates.zw);
+	float4 border = InVertex.SecondaryColor;
+	float4 OutColor = lerp(border, fill, float(thickness > radius));
+	OutColor.a = 0.0;
+
+	// blend in the border and fill colors
+	OutColor = lerp(OutColor, border, bi);
+	OutColor = lerp(OutColor, fill, fi);
+	return OutColor;
+}
+
+float4 GetLineSegmentElementColor( VertexOut InVertex )
+{
+	const float2 Gradient = InVertex.TextureCoordinates;
+
+	const float2 OutsideFilterUV = float2(1.0f, 1.0f);
+	const float2 InsideFilterUV = float2(ShaderParams.x, 0.0f);
+	const float2 LineCoverage = smoothstep(OutsideFilterUV, InsideFilterUV, abs(Gradient));
+
+	float4 Color = InVertex.Color;
+	Color.a *= LineCoverage.x * LineCoverage.y;
+	return Color;
+}
+
+float PseudoRandom(float2 xy)
+{
+	float2 pos = frac(xy / 128.0f) * 128.0f + float2(-64.340622f, -72.465622f);
+	
+	// found by experimentation
+	return frac(dot(pos.xyx * pos.xyy, float3(20.390625f, 60.703125f, 2.4281209f)));
+}
+
+float4 GetPostProcessColor( VertexOut InVertex )
+{
+	return InVertex.Color;
+}
+
+float4 Main( VertexOut InVertex ) : SV_Target
+{
+	float4 OutColor;
+
+	if( ShaderType == ESlateShader::Default )
+	{
+		OutColor = GetDefaultElementColor( InVertex );
+	}
+	else if( ShaderType == ESlateShader::RoundedBox)
+	{
+		OutColor = GetRoundedBoxElementColor( InVertex );
+	}
+	else if( ShaderType == ESlateShader::Border )
+	{
+		OutColor = GetBorderElementColor( InVertex );
+	}
+	else if( ShaderType == ESlateShader::GrayscaleFont )
+	{
+		OutColor = GetGrayscaleFontElementColor( InVertex );
+	}
+	else if (ShaderType == ESlateShader::ColorFont)
+	{
+		OutColor = GetColorFontElementColor(InVertex);
+	}
+	else if (ShaderType == ESlateShader::PostProcess)
+	{
+		OutColor = GetPostProcessColor(InVertex);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		OutColor = GetLineSegmentElementColor( InVertex );
+	}
+
+	// gamma correct
+	OutColor.rgb = GammaCorrect(OutColor.rgb);
+
+    if (DisableEffect)
+	{
+#if USE_LEGACY_DISABLED_EFFECT
+
+		//desaturate
+		float3 LumCoeffs = float3( 0.3, 0.59, .11 );
+		float Lum = dot( LumCoeffs, OutColor.rgb );
+		OutColor.rgb = lerp( OutColor.rgb, float3(Lum,Lum,Lum), .8 );
+	
+		float3 Grayish = {.4, .4, .4};
+		
+		// lerp between desaturated color and gray color based on distance from the desaturated color to the gray
+		OutColor.rgb = lerp( OutColor.rgb, Grayish, clamp( distance( OutColor.rgb, Grayish ), 0, .8)  );
+#else
+		OutColor.a *= .45f;
+#endif
+	}
+
+	return OutColor;
+}
+
diff --git a/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/OpenGL/SlateDefaultVertexShader.glsl b/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/OpenGL/SlateDefaultVertexShader.glsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b6f3af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/OpenGL/SlateDefaultVertexShader.glsl
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+// #version 120 at the beginning is added in FSlateOpenGLShader::CompileShader()
+
+uniform mat4 ViewProjectionMatrix;
+
+// Per vertex
+in vec4 InTexCoords;
+in vec2 InPosition;
+in vec4 InColor;
+in vec4 InSecondaryColor;
+
+// Between vertex and pixel shader
+out vec4 Position;
+out vec4 TexCoords;
+out vec4 Color;
+out vec4 SecondaryColor;
+
+vec3 powScalar(vec3 values, float power)
+{
+	return vec3(pow(values.x, power), pow(values.y, power), pow(values.z, power));
+}
+
+float sRGBToLinearChannel( float ColorChannel )
+{
+	return ColorChannel > 0.04045 ? pow( ColorChannel * (1.0 / 1.055) + 0.0521327, 2.4 ) : ColorChannel * (1.0 / 12.92);
+}
+
+vec3 sRGBToLinear( vec3 Color )
+{
+	return vec3(
+				sRGBToLinearChannel(Color.r),
+				sRGBToLinearChannel(Color.g),
+				sRGBToLinearChannel(Color.b));
+}
+
+void main()
+{
+	TexCoords = InTexCoords;
+
+	Color.rgb = sRGBToLinear(InColor.rgb);
+	Color.a = InColor.a;
+
+	SecondaryColor.rgb = sRGBToLinear(InSecondaryColor.rgb);
+	SecondaryColor.a = InSecondaryColor.a;
+
+    Position = vec4( InPosition, 0, 1 );
+    
+	gl_Position = ViewProjectionMatrix * vec4( InPosition, 0, 1 );
+}
diff --git a/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/OpenGL/SlateElementPixelShader.glsl b/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/OpenGL/SlateElementPixelShader.glsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8bae1b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/OpenGL/SlateElementPixelShader.glsl
@@ -0,0 +1,352 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+// handle differences between ES and full GL shaders
+#if PLATFORM_USES_GLES
+precision highp float;
+#else
+// #version 120 at the beginning is added in FSlateOpenGLShader::CompileShader()
+#extension GL_EXT_gpu_shader4 : enable
+#endif
+
+#ifndef USE_709
+#define USE_709 0
+#endif // USE_709
+
+// Shader types
+#define ST_Default			0
+#define ST_Border			1
+#define ST_GrayscaleFont	2
+#define ST_ColorFont		3
+#define ST_Line				4
+#define ST_RoundedBox       7
+
+#define USE_LEGACY_DISABLED_EFFECT 0
+
+/** Display gamma x:gamma curve adjustment, y:inverse gamma (1/GEngine->DisplayGamma) */
+uniform vec2 GammaValues = vec2(1, 1/2.2);
+
+// Draw effects
+uniform bool EffectsDisabled;
+uniform bool IgnoreTextureAlpha;
+
+uniform vec4 ShaderParams;
+uniform vec4 ShaderParams2;
+uniform int ShaderType;
+uniform sampler2D ElementTexture;
+
+#if PLATFORM_MAC
+// GL_TEXTURE_RECTANGLE_ARB support, used by the web surface on macOS
+uniform bool UseTextureRectangle;
+uniform sampler2DRect ElementRectTexture;
+uniform vec2 Size;
+#endif
+
+in vec4 Position;
+in vec4 TexCoords;
+in vec4 Color;
+in vec4 SecondaryColor;
+out vec4 fragColor;
+
+vec3 maxWithScalar(float test, vec3 values)
+{
+	return vec3(max(test, values.x), max(test, values.y), max(test, values.z));
+}
+
+vec3 powScalar(vec3 values, float power)
+{
+	return vec3(pow(values.x, power), pow(values.y, power), pow(values.z, power));
+}
+
+vec3 LinearTo709Branchless(vec3 lin)
+{
+	lin = maxWithScalar(6.10352e-5, lin); // minimum positive non-denormal (fixes black problem on DX11 AMD and NV)
+	return min(lin * 4.5, powScalar(maxWithScalar(0.018, lin), 0.45) * 1.099 - 0.099);
+}
+
+vec3 LinearToSrgbBranchless(vec3 lin)
+{
+	lin = maxWithScalar(6.10352e-5, lin); // minimum positive non-denormal (fixes black problem on DX11 AMD and NV)
+	return min(lin * 12.92, powScalar(maxWithScalar(0.00313067, lin), 1.0/2.4) * 1.055 - 0.055);
+	// Possible that mobile GPUs might have native pow() function?
+	//return min(lin * 12.92, exp2(log2(max(lin, 0.00313067)) * (1.0/2.4) + log2(1.055)) - 0.055);
+}
+
+float LinearToSrgbBranchingChannel(float lin)
+{
+	if(lin < 0.00313067) return lin * 12.92;
+	return pow(lin, (1.0/2.4)) * 1.055 - 0.055;
+}
+
+vec3 LinearToSrgbBranching(vec3 lin)
+{
+	return vec3(
+				LinearToSrgbBranchingChannel(lin.r),
+				LinearToSrgbBranchingChannel(lin.g),
+				LinearToSrgbBranchingChannel(lin.b));
+}
+
+float sRGBToLinearChannel( float ColorChannel )
+{
+	return ColorChannel > 0.04045 ? pow( ColorChannel * (1.0 / 1.055) + 0.0521327, 2.4 ) : ColorChannel * (1.0 / 12.92);
+}
+
+vec3 sRGBToLinear( vec3 Color )
+{
+	return vec3(sRGBToLinearChannel(Color.r),
+				sRGBToLinearChannel(Color.g),
+				sRGBToLinearChannel(Color.b));
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param GammaCurveRatio The curve ratio compared to a 2.2 standard gamma, e.g. 2.2 / DisplayGamma.  So normally the value is 1.
+ */
+vec3 ApplyGammaCorrection(vec3 LinearColor, float GammaCurveRatio)
+{
+	// Apply "gamma" curve adjustment.
+	vec3 CorrectedColor = powScalar(LinearColor, GammaCurveRatio);
+
+#if PLATFORM_MAC
+	// Note, MacOSX native output is raw gamma 2.2 not sRGB!
+	//CorrectedColor = pow(CorrectedColor, 1.0/2.2);
+	CorrectedColor = LinearToSrgbBranching(CorrectedColor);
+#else
+#if USE_709
+	// Didn't profile yet if the branching version would be faster (different linear segment).
+	CorrectedColor = LinearTo709Branchless(CorrectedColor);
+#else
+	CorrectedColor = LinearToSrgbBranching(CorrectedColor);
+#endif
+	
+#endif
+	
+	return CorrectedColor;
+}
+
+vec3 GammaCorrect(vec3 InColor)
+{
+	vec3 CorrectedColor = InColor;
+	
+	// gamma correct
+	//#if PLATFORM_USES_GLES
+	//	OutColor.rgb = sqrt( OutColor.rgb );
+	//#else
+	//	OutColor.rgb = pow(OutColor.rgb, vec3(1.0/2.2));
+	//#endif
+	
+#if !PLATFORM_USES_GLES
+	if( GammaValues.y != 1.0f )
+	{
+		CorrectedColor = ApplyGammaCorrection(CorrectedColor, GammaValues.x);
+	}
+#endif
+	
+	return CorrectedColor;
+}
+
+vec4 GetGrayscaleFontElementColor()
+{
+	vec4 OutColor = Color;
+#if PLATFORM_LINUX
+	OutColor.a *= texture2D(ElementTexture, TexCoords.xy).r; // OpenGL 3.2+ uses Red for single channel textures
+#else
+	OutColor.a *= texture2D(ElementTexture, TexCoords.xy).a;
+#endif
+
+	return OutColor;
+}
+
+vec4 GetColorFontElementColor()
+{
+	vec4 OutColor = Color;
+
+	OutColor *= texture2D(ElementTexture, TexCoords.xy);
+
+	return OutColor;
+}
+
+vec4 GetDefaultElementColor()
+{
+	vec4 OutColor = Color;
+
+	vec4 TextureColor;
+#if PLATFORM_MAC
+	if ( UseTextureRectangle )
+	{
+		TextureColor = texture2DRect(ElementRectTexture, TexCoords.xy*TexCoords.zw*Size).bgra;
+	}
+	else
+#endif
+	{
+		TextureColor = texture2D(ElementTexture, TexCoords.xy*TexCoords.zw);
+	}
+	
+	if( IgnoreTextureAlpha )
+	{
+		TextureColor.a = 1.0;
+	}
+	OutColor *= TextureColor;
+	return OutColor;
+}
+
+vec4 GetBorderElementColor()
+{
+	vec4 OutColor = Color;
+	vec4 InTexCoords = TexCoords;
+	vec2 NewUV;
+	if( InTexCoords.z == 0.0 && InTexCoords.w == 0.0 )
+	{
+		NewUV = InTexCoords.xy;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		vec2 MinUV;
+		vec2 MaxUV;
+	
+		if( InTexCoords.z > 0.0 )
+		{
+			MinUV = vec2(ShaderParams.x,0.0);
+			MaxUV = vec2(ShaderParams.y,1.0);
+			InTexCoords.w = 1.0;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			MinUV = vec2(0.0,ShaderParams.z);
+			MaxUV = vec2(1.0,ShaderParams.w);
+			InTexCoords.z = 1.0;
+		}
+
+		NewUV = InTexCoords.xy*InTexCoords.zw;
+		NewUV = fract(NewUV);
+		NewUV = mix(MinUV,MaxUV,NewUV);	
+
+	}
+
+	vec4 TextureColor = texture2D(ElementTexture, NewUV);
+	if( IgnoreTextureAlpha )
+	{
+		TextureColor.a = 1.0;
+	}
+		
+	OutColor *= TextureColor;
+	return OutColor;
+}
+
+float GetRoundedBoxDistance(vec2 pos, vec2 center, float radius, float inset)
+{
+	// distance from center
+    pos = abs(pos - center); 
+
+    // distance from the inner corner
+    pos = pos - (center - vec2(radius + inset, radius + inset));
+
+    // use distance to nearest edge when not in quadrant with radius
+    // this handles an edge case when radius is very close to thickness
+    // otherwise we're in the quadrant with the radius, 
+    // just use the analytic signed distance function
+    return mix( length(pos) - radius,
+    			max(pos.x - radius, pos.y - radius), 
+    			float(pos.x <= 0 || pos.y <=0) );
+}
+
+vec4 GetRoundedBoxElementColor()
+{
+	vec2 size = ShaderParams.zw;
+	vec2 pos = size * TexCoords.xy;
+	vec2 center = size / 2.0;
+
+	//X = Top Left, Y = Top Right, Z = Bottom Right, W = Bottom Left */
+	vec4 cornerRadii = ShaderParams2;
+
+	// figure out which radius to use based on which quadrant we're in
+	vec2 quadrant = step(TexCoords.xy, vec2(.5,.5));
+
+	float left = mix(cornerRadii.y, cornerRadii.x, quadrant.x);
+	float right = mix(cornerRadii.z, cornerRadii.w, quadrant.x);
+	float radius = mix(right, left, quadrant.y);
+
+	float thickness = ShaderParams.y; 
+
+	// Compute the distances internal and external to the border outline
+	float dext = GetRoundedBoxDistance(pos, center, radius, 0.0);
+	float din  = GetRoundedBoxDistance(pos, center, max(radius - thickness, 0), thickness);
+
+	// Compute the border intensity and fill intensity with a smooth transition
+	float spread = 0.5;
+	float bi = smoothstep(spread, -spread, dext);
+	float fi = smoothstep(spread, -spread, din);
+
+	// alpha blend the external color 
+	vec4 fill = GetDefaultElementColor();
+	vec4 border = SecondaryColor;
+	vec4 OutColor = mix(border, fill, float(thickness > radius));
+	OutColor.a = 0.0;
+
+	// blend in the border and fill colors
+	OutColor = mix(OutColor, border, bi);
+	OutColor = mix(OutColor, fill, fi);
+	return OutColor;
+}
+
+vec4 GetLineSegmentElementColor()
+{
+	vec2 Gradient = TexCoords.xy;
+
+	vec2 OutsideFilterUV = vec2(1.0, 1.0);
+	vec2 InsideFilterUV = vec2(ShaderParams.x, 0.0);
+	vec2 LineCoverage = smoothstep(OutsideFilterUV, InsideFilterUV, abs(Gradient));
+
+	vec4 OutColor = Color;
+	OutColor.a *= LineCoverage.x * LineCoverage.y;
+	return OutColor;
+}
+
+void main()
+{
+	vec4 OutColor;
+
+	if( ShaderType == ST_Default )
+	{
+		OutColor = GetDefaultElementColor();
+	}
+	else if( ShaderType == ST_RoundedBox )
+	{
+		OutColor = GetRoundedBoxElementColor();
+	}
+	else if( ShaderType == ST_Border )
+	{
+		OutColor = GetBorderElementColor();
+	}
+	else if( ShaderType == ST_GrayscaleFont )
+	{
+		OutColor = GetGrayscaleFontElementColor();
+	}
+	else if( ShaderType == ST_ColorFont )
+	{
+		OutColor = GetColorFontElementColor();
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		OutColor = GetLineSegmentElementColor();
+	}
+	
+	// gamma correct
+	OutColor.rgb = GammaCorrect(OutColor.rgb);
+	
+	if( EffectsDisabled )
+	{
+	#if USE_LEGACY_DISABLED_EFFECT
+		//desaturate
+		vec3 LumCoeffs = vec3( 0.3, 0.59, .11 );
+		float Lum = dot( LumCoeffs, OutColor.rgb );
+		OutColor.rgb = mix( OutColor.rgb, vec3(Lum,Lum,Lum), .8 );
+	
+		vec3 Grayish = vec3(0.4, 0.4, 0.4);
+	
+		OutColor.rgb = mix( OutColor.rgb, Grayish, clamp( distance( OutColor.rgb, Grayish ), 0.0, 0.8)  );
+	#else
+		OutColor.a *= .45f;
+	#endif
+	}
+
+	fragColor = OutColor.bgra;
+}
diff --git a/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/OpenGL/SplashFragmentShader.glsl b/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/OpenGL/SplashFragmentShader.glsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc0889e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/OpenGL/SplashFragmentShader.glsl
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+
+#if PLATFORM_USES_GLES
+precision highp float;
+#else
+// #version 120 at the beginning is added in FSlateOpenGLShader::CompileShader()
+#extension GL_EXT_gpu_shader4 : enable
+#endif
+
+varying vec2 textureCoordinate;
+
+uniform sampler2D SplashTexture;
+
+void main() 
+{
+	// OpenGL has 0,0 the "math" way
+	vec2 tc = vec2(textureCoordinate.s, 1.0-textureCoordinate.t);
+
+	gl_FragColor = texture2D(SplashTexture, tc);
+
+}
diff --git a/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/OpenGL/SplashVertexShader.glsl b/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/OpenGL/SplashVertexShader.glsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b296ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/Shader/StandaloneRenderer/OpenGL/SplashVertexShader.glsl
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+attribute vec2 InPosition;
+
+varying vec2 textureCoordinate;
+
+void main() 
+{
+	// We do not need texture coordinates. We calculate using position.
+	textureCoordinate = InPosition * 0.5 + 0.5;
+
+	gl_Position = vec4(InPosition, 0.0, 1.0);
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Content/Skin/Default/BlackBrush.png b/Content/Skin/Default/BlackBrush.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f8dcb6
Binary files /dev/null and b/Content/Skin/Default/BlackBrush.png differ
diff --git a/Content/Skin/Default/CloseButton_Normal.png b/Content/Skin/Default/CloseButton_Normal.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e60a6e3
Binary files /dev/null and b/Content/Skin/Default/CloseButton_Normal.png differ
diff --git a/Content/Skin/Default/PianoRollBackground.png b/Content/Skin/Default/PianoRollBackground.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..99d42d3
Binary files /dev/null and b/Content/Skin/Default/PianoRollBackground.png differ
diff --git a/Content/Skin/Default/Roboto-Light.ttf b/Content/Skin/Default/Roboto-Light.ttf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..219063a
Binary files /dev/null and b/Content/Skin/Default/Roboto-Light.ttf differ
diff --git a/Content/Skin/Default/Skin.ini b/Content/Skin/Default/Skin.ini
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3b5023e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/Skin/Default/Skin.ini
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+[Resource]
+WhiteBrush="WhiteBrush"
+
+VolumeMeter="VolumeMeter"
+VolumeMeterSpace=1
+
+DefaultFont="Roboto-Light"
+DefaultFontSize=12
+
+PianoRollBackground="PianoRollBackground"
+PianoRollBackgroundSize="X=3840, Y=2160"
+
+CloseButtonSize="X=16, Y=16"
+CloseButtonNormal="CloseButton_Normal"
+CloseButtonHover="CloseButton_Hover"
+CloseButtonPress="CloseButton_Press"
+
+WhiteKey="WhiteBrush"
+BlackKey="BlackBrush"
diff --git a/Content/Skin/Default/VolumeMeter.png b/Content/Skin/Default/VolumeMeter.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0512a3e
Binary files /dev/null and b/Content/Skin/Default/VolumeMeter.png differ
diff --git a/Content/Skin/Default/WhiteBrush.png b/Content/Skin/Default/WhiteBrush.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc2dbeb
Binary files /dev/null and b/Content/Skin/Default/WhiteBrush.png differ
diff --git a/Content/Skin/Default/{9F6605E9-2440-C398-95A5-D5F1BC998087}.jpg b/Content/Skin/Default/{9F6605E9-2440-C398-95A5-D5F1BC998087}.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5fcec9a
Binary files /dev/null and b/Content/Skin/Default/{9F6605E9-2440-C398-95A5-D5F1BC998087}.jpg differ
diff --git a/Source/Arona.Target.cs b/Source/Arona.Target.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a05d43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona.Target.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+using UnrealBuildTool;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+[SupportedPlatforms(UnrealPlatformClass.Desktop)]
+[SupportedPlatforms("IOS")]
+public class AronaTarget : TargetRules
+{
+	public AronaTarget(TargetInfo Target) : base(Target)
+	{
+		Type = TargetType.Program;
+		LinkType = TargetLinkType.Default;
+		LaunchModuleName = "Arona";
+		
+		// Arona.exe has no exports, so no need to verify that a .lib and .exp file was emitted by
+		// the linker.
+		bHasExports = false;
+
+		// Make sure to get all code in SlateEditorStyle compiled in
+        bBuildDeveloperTools = false;
+        bUsesSlate = true;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/Arona.Build.cs b/Source/Arona/Arona.Build.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1276a68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/Arona.Build.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+using System.IO;
+using UnrealBuildTool;
+
+public class Arona : ModuleRules
+{
+	public Arona(ReadOnlyTargetRules Target) : base(Target)
+	{
+		PCHUsage = ModuleRules.PCHUsageMode.UseExplicitOrSharedPCHs;
+		PublicIncludePaths.Add(Path.Combine(EngineDirectory, "Source", "Runtime/Launch/Public"));
+
+		PrivateDependencyModuleNames.AddRange(
+			new string[] {
+				"AppFramework",
+				"Core",
+				"ApplicationCore",
+				"Projects",
+				"Slate",
+				"SlateCore",
+				"StandaloneRenderer",
+				"DesktopPlatform",
+				"AronaCore",
+				"SignalProcessing"
+			}
+		);
+		
+		PrivateIncludePathModuleNames.AddRange(
+			new string[] {
+				"StandaloneRenderer"
+			}
+		);
+		
+		PrivateIncludePaths.Add(Path.Combine(EngineDirectory, "Source", "Runtime/Launch/Private"));		// For LaunchEngineLoop.cpp include
+
+		if (Target.Platform == UnrealTargetPlatform.IOS || Target.Platform == UnrealTargetPlatform.TVOS)
+		{
+			PrivateDependencyModuleNames.AddRange(
+				new string [] {
+					"NetworkFile",
+					"StreamingFile"
+				}
+			);
+		}
+
+		if (Target.IsInPlatformGroup(UnrealPlatformGroup.Linux))
+		{
+			PrivateDependencyModuleNames.AddRange(
+				new string[] {
+					"UnixCommonStartup"
+				}
+			);
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/AronaApp.cpp b/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/AronaApp.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d7a13bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/AronaApp.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+#include "AronaApp.h"
+
+#include "App.h"
+#include "AronaMain.h"
+#include "ConfigCacheIni.h"
+#include "OutputDeviceRedirector.h"
+#include "QueuedThreadPool.h"
+#include "QueuedThreadPoolWrapper.h"
+#include "Framework/Application/SlateApplication.h"
+#include "Framework/Docking/TabManager.h"
+#include "Framework/Docking/WorkspaceItem.h"
+#include "StandaloneRenderer.h"
+#include "StdOutputDevice.h"
+#include "Singleton/SingletonManager.h"
+#include "Stats2.h"
+#include "Test.h"
+#include "Singleton/CallRateLimiterManager.h"
+#include "Thread/MainThreadEventList.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/WindowManager.h"
+
+IMPLEMENT_APPLICATION(Arona, "Arona");
+
+#define LOCTEXT_NAMESPACE "Arona"
+
+int32 Init(const TCHAR* CmdLine)
+{
+	FCommandLine::Set(CmdLine);
+	FGenericPlatformProcess::SetShaderDir(*FPaths::Combine(FPaths::ProjectContentDir(), TEXT("Shader")));
+	GThreadPool = new FQueuedLowLevelThreadPool();
+ 	InitLog();
+	// BUG: Memoty leak
+// #if STATS
+// 	FThreadStats::StartThread();
+// #endif
+	FPlatformMisc::PlatformPreInit();
+	FConfigCacheIni::InitializeConfigSystem();
+	FPlatformMisc::PlatformInit();
+	FPlatformMisc::SetGracefulTerminationHandler();
+	
+	{
+		FTaskTagScope Scope(ETaskTag::EGameThread);
+		FTaskGraphInterface::Startup(FPlatformMisc::NumberOfWorkerThreadsToSpawn());
+		FTaskGraphInterface::Get().AttachToThread(ENamedThreads::GameThread);
+	
+		FDelayedAutoRegisterHelper::RunAndClearDelayedAutoRegisterDelegates(EDelayedRegisterRunPhase::TaskGraphSystemReady);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+int RunArona( const TCHAR* CommandLine )
+{
+	Init(CommandLine);
+	
+	// crank up a normal Slate application using the platform's standalone renderer
+	FSlateApplication::InitializeAsStandaloneApplication(GetStandardStandaloneRenderer());
+	FSlateApplication::InitHighDPI(true);
+
+	FSingletonManager::GetInstance().Init();
+	
+	FMainThreadEventList& MainThreadEventList = FMainThreadEventList::Get();
+	FWindowManager& WindowManager = FWindowManager::Get();
+	FCallRateLimiterManager& RateLimiterManager = FCallRateLimiterManager::Get();
+
+	// AronaTest();
+	
+	constexpr float FrameRate = 1.f / 360.0f;
+	FSlateApplication& SlateApplication = FSlateApplication::Get();
+	FTaskGraphInterface& TaskGraphInterface = FTaskGraphInterface::Get();
+	FTSTicker& CoreTicker = FTSTicker::GetCoreTicker();
+
+	// loop while the server does the rest
+	while (!IsEngineExitRequested())
+	{
+		BeginExitIfRequested();
+
+		TaskGraphInterface.ProcessThreadUntilIdle(ENamedThreads::GameThread);
+		CoreTicker.Tick(FApp::GetDeltaTime());
+		SlateApplication.PumpMessages();
+		MainThreadEventList.ProcessMessage();
+		
+		SlateApplication.Tick();
+		FPlatformProcess::SleepNoStats(FrameRate);
+		RateLimiterManager.Update(FApp::GetDeltaTime());
+		
+		GFrameCounter++;
+	}
+
+
+	
+	FSingletonManager::GetInstance().Release();
+	FCoreDelegates::OnExit.Broadcast();
+	FSlateApplication::Shutdown();
+	FModuleManager::Get().UnloadModulesAtShutdown();
+	FTaskGraphInterface::Shutdown();
+	FPlatformMisc::PlatformTearDown();
+	delete GThreadPool;
+	// BUG: Memoty leak
+// #if STATS
+// 	FThreadStats::StopThread();
+// #endif
+	TearDownLog();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#undef LOCTEXT_NAMESPACE
diff --git a/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/AronaApp.h b/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/AronaApp.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4296c8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/AronaApp.h
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+
+/**
+ * Run the Arona .
+ */
+int RunArona(const TCHAR* Commandline);
diff --git a/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/AronaMain.cpp b/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/AronaMain.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..22e2464
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/AronaMain.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+#include "AronaMain.h"
+#include "UI/Style/AronaStyle.h"
+#include "UI/AronaModuleCommands.h"
+
+#include "Widgets/Docking/SDockTab.h"
+#include "Widgets/Layout/SBox.h"
+#include "Widgets/Text/STextBlock.h"
+
+
+#define LOCTEXT_NAMESPACE "FAronaModule"
+
+void FAronaMain::StartupModule()
+{
+	FAronaModuleCommands::Register();
+	
+	AppCommands = MakeShareable(new FUICommandList);
+}
+
+void FAronaMain::ShutdownModule()
+{
+	// This function may be called during shutdown to clean up your module.  For modules that support dynamic reloading,
+	// we call this function before unloading the module.
+	FAronaModuleCommands::Unregister();
+
+	FGlobalTabmanager::Get()->UnregisterNomadTabSpawner(AronaModuleTabName);
+}
+
+#undef LOCTEXT_NAMESPACE
+	
+IMPLEMENT_MODULE(FAronaMain, AronaMain)
diff --git a/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/AronaMain.h b/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/AronaMain.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab14f7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/AronaMain.h
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "Modules/ModuleManager.h"
+
+class FToolBarBuilder;
+class FMenuBuilder;
+static const FName AronaModuleTabName("AronaModule");
+
+class FAronaMain : public IModuleInterface
+{
+public:
+
+	/** IModuleInterface implementation */
+	virtual void StartupModule() override;
+	virtual void ShutdownModule() override;
+private:
+	
+private:
+	TSharedPtr<class FUICommandList> AppCommands;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/IOS/IOSAronaMain.cpp b/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/IOS/IOSAronaMain.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..65bab4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/IOS/IOSAronaMain.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+#include "AronaApp.h"
+#include "IOS/IOSAppDelegate.h"
+#include "IOS/IOSCommandLineHelper.h"
+#include "IOS/SlateOpenGLESView.h"
+#include "Widgets/Testing/STestSuite.h"
+
+#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
+
+
+#define IOS_MAX_PATH 1024
+#define CMD_LINE_MAX 16384
+
+FString GSavedCommandLine;
+
+void FAppEntry::Suspend()
+{
+}
+
+void FAppEntry::Resume()
+{
+}
+
+void FAppEntry::SuspendTick()
+{
+}
+
+bool FAppEntry::IsStartupMoviePlaying()
+{
+	return false;
+}
+
+
+void FAppEntry::PreInit(IOSAppDelegate* AppDelegate, UIApplication* Application)
+{
+	// make a controller object
+	AppDelegate.SlateController = [[SlateOpenGLESViewController alloc] init];
+
+	// property owns it now
+	[AppDelegate.SlateController release];
+
+	// point to the GL view we want to use
+	AppDelegate.RootView = [AppDelegate.SlateController view];
+
+	[AppDelegate.Window setRootViewController:AppDelegate.SlateController];
+}
+
+
+void FAppEntry::PlatformInit()
+{
+}
+
+
+void FAppEntry::Init()
+{
+	// start up the main loop
+	GEngineLoop.PreInit(FCommandLine::Get());
+
+	// move it to this thread
+	SlateOpenGLESView* View = (SlateOpenGLESView*)[IOSAppDelegate GetDelegate].RootView;
+	[EAGLContext setCurrentContext:View.Context];
+	
+	// crank up a normal Slate application using the platform's standalone renderer
+	FSlateApplication::InitializeAsStandaloneApplication(GetStandardStandaloneRenderer());
+
+	// Bring up the test suite.
+	{
+		RestoreSlateTestSuite();
+	}
+
+#if WITH_SHARED_POINTER_TESTS
+	SharedPointerTesting::TestSharedPointer< ESPMode::Fast >();
+	SharedPointerTesting::TestSharedPointer< ESPMode::ThreadSafe >();
+#endif
+	
+	// loop while the server does the rest
+	double LastTime = FPlatformTime::Seconds();
+}
+
+
+void FAppEntry::Tick()
+{
+	FSlateApplication::Get().PumpMessages();
+	FSlateApplication::Get().Tick();
+
+	// Sleep
+	FPlatformProcess::Sleep( 0 );
+}
+
+
+void FAppEntry::Shutdown()
+{
+	FSlateApplication::Shutdown();
+}
+
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	for (int32 Option = 1; Option < argc; Option++)
+	{
+		GSavedCommandLine += TEXT(" ");
+		GSavedCommandLine += ANSI_TO_TCHAR(argv[Option]);
+	}
+
+	FIOSCommandLineHelper::InitCommandArgs(FString());
+
+	@autoreleasepool {
+		return UIApplicationMain(argc, argv, nil, NSStringFromClass([IOSAppDelegate class]));
+	}
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/Linux/AronaMainLinux.cpp b/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/Linux/AronaMainLinux.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ae5f29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/Linux/AronaMainLinux.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+#include "AronaApp.h"
+#include "UnixCommonStartup.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	return CommonUnixMain(argc, argv, &RunArona);
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/Mac/AronaMainMac.cpp b/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/Mac/AronaMainMac.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2f44e14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/Mac/AronaMainMac.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+#include "AronaApp.h"
+#include "HAL/ExceptionHandling.h"
+#include "Mac/CocoaThread.h"
+
+static FString GSavedCommandLine;
+
+@interface UE4AppDelegate : NSObject <NSApplicationDelegate, NSFileManagerDelegate>
+{
+}
+
+@end
+
+@implementation UE4AppDelegate
+
+//handler for the quit apple event used by the Dock menu
+- (void)handleQuitEvent:(NSAppleEventDescriptor*)Event withReplyEvent:(NSAppleEventDescriptor*)ReplyEvent
+{
+    [NSApp terminate:self];
+}
+
+- (void) runGameThread:(id)Arg
+{
+	FPlatformMisc::SetGracefulTerminationHandler();
+	FPlatformMisc::SetCrashHandler(nullptr);
+	
+	RunArona(*GSavedCommandLine);
+	
+	[NSApp terminate: self];
+}
+
+- (NSApplicationTerminateReply)applicationShouldTerminate:(NSApplication *)Sender;
+{
+	if(!IsEngineExitRequested() || ([NSThread gameThread] && [NSThread gameThread] != [NSThread mainThread]))
+	{
+		RequestEngineExit(TEXT("applicationShouldTerminate"));
+		return NSTerminateLater;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		return NSTerminateNow;
+	}
+}
+
+- (void)applicationDidFinishLaunching:(NSNotification *)Notification
+{
+	//install the custom quit event handler
+    NSAppleEventManager* appleEventManager = [NSAppleEventManager sharedAppleEventManager];
+    [appleEventManager setEventHandler:self andSelector:@selector(handleQuitEvent:withReplyEvent:) forEventClass:kCoreEventClass andEventID:kAEQuitApplication];
+	
+	RunGameThread(self, @selector(runGameThread:));
+}
+
+@end
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	for (int32 Option = 1; Option < argc; Option++)
+	{
+		GSavedCommandLine += TEXT(" ");
+		FString Argument(ANSI_TO_TCHAR(argv[Option]));
+		if (Argument.Contains(TEXT(" ")))
+		{
+			if (Argument.Contains(TEXT("=")))
+			{
+				FString ArgName;
+				FString ArgValue;
+				Argument.Split( TEXT("="), &ArgName, &ArgValue );
+				Argument = FString::Printf( TEXT("%s=\"%s\""), *ArgName, *ArgValue );
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				Argument = FString::Printf(TEXT("\"%s\""), *Argument);
+			}
+		}
+		GSavedCommandLine += Argument;
+	}
+
+	SCOPED_AUTORELEASE_POOL;
+	[NSApplication sharedApplication];
+	[NSApp setDelegate:[UE4AppDelegate new]];
+	[NSApp run];
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/Windows/AronaMainWindows.cpp b/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/Windows/AronaMainWindows.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e1ab35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/EntryPoints/Windows/AronaMainWindows.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+
+#include "EntryPoints/AronaApp.h"
+#include "Windows/WindowsHWrapper.h"
+
+
+/**
+ * WinMain, called when the application is started
+ */
+int WINAPI WinMain( _In_ HINSTANCE hInInstance, _In_opt_ HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, _In_ LPSTR, _In_ int nCmdShow )
+{
+	// do the Arona thing
+	RunArona(GetCommandLineW());
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/Render/UpdatableTexture.cpp b/Source/Arona/Render/UpdatableTexture.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..93f1778
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/Render/UpdatableTexture.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#include "UpdatableTexture.h"
+
+#include "Async.h"
+#include "Thread/MainThreadEventList.h"
+#include "SlateApplication.h"
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FMainThreadEventList, UpdatableTexture,
+FUpdatableTexture* Texture;
+)
+{
+	Args.Texture->Update();
+	Args.Texture->UpdateCaller.Reset();
+	UE_LOG(LogTemp, Log, TEXT("2"))
+}
+
+FUpdatableTexture::FUpdatableTexture(FIntPoint InTextureSize) : UpdateCaller(&FUpdatableTexture::AsyncUpdate, this)
+{
+	Data.Resize(InTextureSize);
+	Texture = FSlateApplication::Get().GetRenderer()->CreateUpdatableTexture(Data.TextureSize.X, Data.TextureSize.Y);
+	Texture->UpdateTexture(Data.Data);
+}
+
+void FUpdatableTexture::Resize(FIntPoint NewSize)
+{
+	if (NewSize.X > 16384)
+		NewSize.X = 16384;
+	if (NewSize.Y > 16384)
+		NewSize.Y = 16384;
+	
+	NextSize = NewSize;
+	ReSized = true;
+}
+
+void FUpdatableTexture::RequestUpdate(bool Async)
+{
+	UE_LOG(LogTemp, Log, TEXT("Request Update"))
+	if (Async)
+	{
+		UpdateCaller.Call();
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		RedrawImage.ExecuteIfBound(Data);
+		Update();
+	}
+}
+
+void FUpdatableTexture::Update()
+{
+	if (ReSized)
+		Texture->ResizeTexture(Data.TextureSize.X, Data.TextureSize.Y);
+	Texture->UpdateTexture(Data.Data);
+	ReSized = false;
+	OnOverRedraw.ExecuteIfBound();
+}
+
+void FUpdatableTexture::AsyncUpdate()
+{
+	Async(EAsyncExecution::ThreadPool, [this]()
+	{
+		Data.Resize(NextSize);
+		RedrawImage.ExecuteIfBound(Data);
+		PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(UpdatableTexture, this);
+	});
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/Render/UpdatableTexture.h b/Source/Arona/Render/UpdatableTexture.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4bac32d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/Render/UpdatableTexture.h
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "RenderingCommon.h"
+#include "SlateUpdatableTexture.h"
+#include "Thread/ThreadMessage.h"
+#include "Misc/CallRateLimiter.h"
+
+struct FImageData
+{
+	TArray<uint8> Data;
+	FIntPoint TextureSize = FIntPoint::ZeroValue;
+
+	bool Resize(FIntPoint NewSize)
+	{
+		if (NewSize == TextureSize)
+			return false;
+		if (NewSize.X <= 0 || NewSize.Y <= 0)
+			return false;
+		TextureSize = NewSize;
+		Data.SetNumZeroed(TextureSize.X * TextureSize.Y * 4);
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	void ClearColor(const FColor& Color)
+	{
+		for (int32 x = 0; x < TextureSize.X; ++x)
+		{
+			for (int32 y = 0; y < TextureSize.Y; ++y)
+			{
+				DrawPixel(x, y, Color);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	
+	void DrawPixel(const FIntPoint& Pos, const FColor& Color)
+	{
+		DrawPixel(Pos.X, Pos.Y, Color);
+	}
+
+	void DrawPixel(int32 X, int32 Y, const FColor& Color)
+	{
+		#if UE_BUILD_DEBUG
+		const bool Error = X < 0 || X >= TextureSize.X || Y < 0 || Y >= TextureSize.Y;
+		ensureMsgf(!Error, TEXT("X: %d, Y: %d, TextureSize: %d, %d"), X, Y, TextureSize.X, TextureSize.Y);
+		if (Error)
+			return;
+		#endif
+		const int32 Pixel = X + Y * TextureSize.X;
+		uint8* Ptr = Data.GetData() + Pixel * 4;
+		*Ptr++ = Color.R;
+		*Ptr++ = Color.G;
+		*Ptr++ = Color.B;
+		*Ptr = Color.A;
+	}
+	
+	void DrawLine(const FIntPoint& P1, const FIntPoint& P2, const FColor& Color)
+	{
+		int32 x1 = P1.X;
+		int32 y1 = P1.Y;
+		const int32& x2 = P2.X;
+		const int32& y2 = P2.Y;
+		
+		const int dx = abs(x2 - x1);
+		const int dy = abs(y2 - y1);
+		const int sx = (x1 < x2) ? 1 : -1;
+		const int sy = (y1 < y2) ? 1 : -1;
+		int err = dx - dy;
+
+		while (true)
+		{
+			DrawPixel(x1, y1, Color);
+
+			if (x1 == x2 && y1 == y2)
+				break;
+
+			int e2 = 2 * err;
+			if (e2 > -dy)
+			{
+				err -= dy;
+				x1 += sx;
+			}
+			if (e2 < dx)
+			{
+				err += dx;
+				y1 += sy;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	FColor& operator[](int32 PixelIndex)
+	{
+		return *(FColor*)(Data.GetData() + PixelIndex * 4);
+	}
+};
+
+DECLARE_DELEGATE_OneParam(FUpdatableImageDataEvent, FImageData&)
+
+class FUpdatableTexture : public ISlateViewport, public TSharedFromThis<FUpdatableTexture>
+{
+	FRIEND_THREAD_MESSAGE(UpdatableTexture)
+public:
+	FUpdatableTexture(FIntPoint InTextureSize);
+
+	void Resize(FIntPoint NewSize);
+	void RequestUpdate(bool Async = true);
+	
+	virtual FIntPoint GetSize() const override { return Data.TextureSize; }
+	virtual FSlateShaderResource* GetViewportRenderTargetTexture() const override { return Texture->GetSlateResource(); }
+	virtual bool RequiresVsync() const override { return false; }
+	ISlateViewport* GetViewportInterface() { return this; }
+
+	FUpdatableImageDataEvent RedrawImage;
+	FSimpleDelegate OnOverRedraw;
+private:
+	FCallOnce UpdateCaller;
+
+	void Update(); // 只能在主线程调用
+	void AsyncUpdate();
+	
+	FSlateUpdatableTexture* Texture;
+	FImageData Data;
+	bool ReSized = false;
+	FIntPoint NextSize;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/Singleton/SingletonManager.cpp b/Source/Arona/Singleton/SingletonManager.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1067bc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/Singleton/SingletonManager.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#include "SingletonManager.h"
+
+#include "Misc/AronaConfig.h"
+#include "Singleton/CallRateLimiterManager.h"
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+#include "Singleton/MixerList.h"
+#include "Singleton/PluginHostList.h"
+#include "Singleton/PortAudioAPI.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/WindowManager.h"
+
+#define REGISTER_MANAGER(ManagerClass) RegisterManager(&ManagerClass::Get());
+
+void FSingletonManager::Init()
+{
+	REGISTER_MANAGER(FCallRateLimiterManager)
+	REGISTER_MANAGER(FAronaConfig)
+	REGISTER_MANAGER(FMixerList)
+	REGISTER_MANAGER(FPortAudioAPI)
+	REGISTER_MANAGER(FPluginHostList)
+	REGISTER_MANAGER(FMidiSequencer)
+	REGISTER_MANAGER(FWindowManager)
+
+	for (ISingleton* Manager : Managers)
+	{
+		Manager->PostInit();
+	}
+}
+
+void FSingletonManager::Release()
+{
+	for (int32 i = Managers.Num() - 1; i >= 0; --i)
+	{
+		ISingleton* SingletonImpl = Managers[i];
+		SingletonImpl->BeginRelease();
+	}
+	for (int32 i = Managers.Num() - 1; i >= 0; --i)
+	{
+		ISingleton* SingletonImpl = Managers[i];
+		SingletonImpl->Release();
+	}
+	Managers.Reset();
+}
+
+void FSingletonManager::RegisterManager(ISingleton* Manager)
+{
+	Manager->Init();
+	Managers.Add(Manager);
+	UE_LOG(SingletonLog, Log, TEXT("%s Registered"), *Manager->GetName().ToString()); 
+}
+
+FSingletonManager::FSingletonManager()
+{
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/Singleton/SingletonManager.h b/Source/Arona/Singleton/SingletonManager.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..979bd76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/Singleton/SingletonManager.h
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "Singleton/Singleton.h"
+
+class FSingletonManager
+{
+public:
+	static FSingletonManager& GetInstance()
+	{
+		static FSingletonManager Instance;
+		return Instance;
+	}
+	static const char* GetName() { return "singleton_manager"; }
+	void Init();
+	void Release();
+
+	void RegisterManager(ISingleton* Manager);
+private:
+	FSingletonManager();
+	TArray<ISingleton*> Managers;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/Test.cpp b/Source/Arona/Test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..964ea2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/Test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#include "Test.h"
+
+#include "Midi/MifiFile.h"
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+#include "Singleton/PluginHostList.h"
+#include "Singleton/PortAudioAPI.h"
+
+void AronaTest()
+{
+	TArray<FAudioDeviceInfo> AudioDeviceInfos = FPortAudioAPI::Get().GetDevices();
+	for (const FAudioDeviceInfo& AudioDeviceInfo : AudioDeviceInfos)
+	{
+		UE_LOG(LogTemp, Log, TEXT("Audio Device%d: %s"), AudioDeviceInfo.DeviceIndex, *AudioDeviceInfo.Name);
+	}
+
+	const FString& MidiFilePath = TEXT("E:\\Projects\\Arona\\脑浆炸裂女孩 - 初音ミク.mid");
+	// const FString& PluginFilePath = TEXT("D:\\Projects\\Rolling\\4Front Piano x64.dll");
+	const FString& PluginFilePath = TEXT("F:\\VST\\VST64\\4Front Piano x64.dll");
+
+	FMidiFile Midi;
+	Midi.readFrom(MidiFilePath);
+
+	FMidiSequencer& MidiSequencer = FMidiSequencer::Get();
+	// MidiSequencer.SetTicksPerQuarter(Midi.getTimeFormat());
+	
+	FMidiPattern* MidiPattern = MidiSequencer.NewMidiPattern();
+	MidiPattern->Name = TEXT("脑浆炸裂女孩 - 初音ミク");
+	
+	for (int i = 0; i < Midi.getNumTracks(); ++i)
+	{
+		FPluginHost* Plugin = FPluginHostList::Get().TryLoadPlugin(PluginFilePath);
+		FPluginHostList::Get().RegisterInstrument(Plugin);
+		
+		const FMidiMessageSequence* Track = Midi.getTrack(i);
+		FMidiMessageSequence& Sequence = MidiPattern->GetSequence(Plugin);
+		Sequence.addSequence(*Track, 0);
+		Sequence.updateMatchedPairs();
+	}
+	// FPluginHost* Kontakt = FPluginHostList::Get().TryLoadPlugin(TEXT("I:\\VST\\VST64\\Kontakt.dll"));
+	// FPluginHostList::Get().RegisterInstrument(Kontakt);
+
+	
+	// MidiPattern->RequestCreateInstance(0, 0, 0, 0, MidiPattern->GetMidiLength(), 0, MidiPattern->GetSampleLength());
+	// MidiSequencer.PatternSelector.SelectPattern(MidiPattern);
+	// MidiSequencer.Playing = true;
+	FPluginHostList::Get().TryLoadSampler(TEXT("F:\\FL垃圾桶\\Kawaii Anokoga Kiniiranai.mp3"));
+	FPluginHostList::Get().TryLoadSampler(TEXT("F:\\Sample\\Cymatics - Empire Hip Hop Sample Pack\\Melody Loops\\Cymatics - Empire Melody Loop 1 - 100 BPM G Min.wav"));
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/Test.h b/Source/Arona/Test.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..79b2c07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/Test.h
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+
+void AronaTest();
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/AronaModuleCommands.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/AronaModuleCommands.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1f31c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/AronaModuleCommands.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+#include "AronaModuleCommands.h"
+
+#define LOCTEXT_NAMESPACE "FAronaModuleModule"
+
+void FAronaModuleCommands::RegisterCommands()
+{
+}
+
+#undef LOCTEXT_NAMESPACE
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/AronaModuleCommands.h b/Source/Arona/UI/AronaModuleCommands.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a16999d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/AronaModuleCommands.h
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "Framework/Commands/Commands.h"
+#include "UI/Style/AronaStyle.h"
+
+class ARONA_API FAronaModuleCommands : public TCommands<FAronaModuleCommands>
+{
+public:
+
+	FAronaModuleCommands()
+		: TCommands<FAronaModuleCommands>(TEXT("AronaModule"), NSLOCTEXT("Contexts", "AronaModule", "AronaModule application"), NAME_None, FAronaStyle::Get().GetStyleSetName())
+	{
+	}
+
+	// TCommands<> interface
+	virtual void RegisterCommands() override;
+};
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Style/AronaStyle.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Style/AronaStyle.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..47a2f7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Style/AronaStyle.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+#include "AronaStyle.h"
+
+#include "Styling/SlateStyleRegistry.h"
+#include "Framework/Application/SlateApplication.h"
+#include "Misc/AronaConfig.h"
+
+TSharedPtr< FAronaStyle > FAronaStyle::StyleInstance = NULL;
+
+void FAronaStyle::Initialize()
+{
+	if (!StyleInstance.IsValid())
+	{
+		StyleInstance = Create();
+		StyleInstance->LoadConfig();
+		FSlateStyleRegistry::RegisterSlateStyle(*StyleInstance);
+	}
+}
+
+void FAronaStyle::Shutdown()
+{
+	FSlateStyleRegistry::UnRegisterSlateStyle(*StyleInstance);
+	ensure(StyleInstance.IsUnique());
+	StyleInstance.Reset();
+}
+
+const FButtonStyle* FAronaStyle::GetButtonStyle(const FName& PropertyName, const ANSICHAR* Specifier)
+{
+	return &StyleInstance->GetWidgetStyle<FButtonStyle>(PropertyName, Specifier, nullptr);
+}
+
+const FSlateBrush* FAronaStyle::GetSlateBrush(const FName& PropertyName, const ANSICHAR* Specifier)
+{
+	return StyleInstance->GetBrush(PropertyName, Specifier, nullptr);
+}
+
+FSlateFontInfo FAronaStyle::GetFontInfo(const FName& PropertyName, const ANSICHAR* Specifier)
+{
+	return StyleInstance->GetFontStyle(PropertyName, Specifier);
+}
+
+#define IMAGE_BRUSH( RelativePath, ... ) FSlateImageBrush( Style->RootToContentDir( RelativePath, TEXT(".png") ), __VA_ARGS__ )
+#define BOX_BRUSH( RelativePath, ... ) FSlateBoxBrush( Style->RootToContentDir( RelativePath, TEXT(".png") ), __VA_ARGS__ )
+#define BORDER_BRUSH( RelativePath, ... ) FSlateBorderBrush( Style->RootToContentDir( RelativePath, TEXT(".png") ), __VA_ARGS__ )
+#define TTF_FONT( RelativePath, ... ) FSlateFontInfo( Style->RootToContentDir( RelativePath, TEXT(".ttf") ), __VA_ARGS__ )
+#define OTF_FONT( RelativePath, ... ) FSlateFontInfo( Style->RootToContentDir( RelativePath, TEXT(".otf") ), __VA_ARGS__ )
+
+#define MakeImageBrush(Name, Path, Size) \
+	FSlateImageBrush Name = IMAGE_BRUSH(TEXT(Path), Size); \
+	Name.Tiling = ESlateBrushTileType::NoTile; \
+	Name.ImageSize = Size; \
+	Name.DrawAs = ESlateBrushDrawType::Image; \
+	Name.ImageType = ESlateBrushImageType::FullColor; \
+
+
+void FAronaStyle::LoadConfig()
+{
+	TSharedRef<FAronaStyle> Style = StyleInstance.ToSharedRef();
+	
+	AddButtonStyle(CloseButtonStyleName);
+	AddFontInfo(DefaultFontName);
+	AddFloatValue(VolumeMeterBarSpace);
+	AddImageBrush(PianoRollBackground);
+	AddImageBrush(VolumeMeterBar);
+	AddImageBrush(WhiteBrush);
+	AddImageBrush(BlackKey);
+	AddImageBrush(WhiteKey);
+}
+
+void FAronaStyle::AddImageBrush(FName Key)
+{
+	TOptional<FString> ImageFileName = GetConfigValue<FString>(Key);
+	if (!ImageFileName)
+		return;
+	TOptional<FVector2f> ImageSize = GetConfigValue<FVector2f>(FName(Key.ToString() + "Size"));
+	
+	const FString ImageFilePathName = StyleInstance->RootToContentDir(ImageFileName.GetValue(), TEXT(".png"));
+	StyleInstance->Set(Key, new FSlateImageBrush(ImageFilePathName, ImageSize.Get(FVector2f(16))));
+}
+
+void FAronaStyle::AddFloatValue(FName Key)
+{
+	TOptional<float> Value = GetConfigValue<float>(Key);
+	if (!Value)
+		return;
+	StyleInstance->Set(Key, Value.GetValue());
+}
+
+void FAronaStyle::AddFontInfo(FName Key)
+{
+	const TOptional<FString> FontName = GetConfigValue<FString>(Key);
+	if (!FontName)
+		return;
+	const TOptional<float> FontSize = GetConfigValue<float>(FName(Key.ToString() + "Size"));
+	StyleInstance->Set(Key, FSlateFontInfo(StyleInstance->RootToContentDir(FontName.GetValue(), TEXT(".ttf")), FontSize.Get(12)));
+}
+
+void FAronaStyle::AddButtonStyle(FName Key)
+{
+	const FString ButtonNormalName = Key.ToString() + "Normal";
+	const FString ButtonHoveredName = Key.ToString() + "Hovered";
+	const FString ButtonPressedName = Key.ToString() + "Pressed";
+	const TOptional<FString> ButtonNormal = GetConfigValue<FString>(FName(ButtonNormalName));
+	const TOptional<FString> ButtonHovered = GetConfigValue<FString>(FName(ButtonHoveredName));
+	const TOptional<FString> ButtonPressed = GetConfigValue<FString>(FName(ButtonPressedName));
+	const TOptional<FVector2f> Size = GetConfigValue<FVector2f>(FName(Key.ToString() + "Size"));
+
+	FButtonStyle ButtonStyle;
+	const FSlateImageBrush ButtonNormalBrush = FSlateImageBrush(StyleInstance->RootToContentDir(ButtonNormal.Get(""), TEXT(".png")), Size.Get(FVector2f(16)));
+	const FSlateImageBrush ButtonHoveredBrush = FSlateImageBrush(StyleInstance->RootToContentDir(ButtonHovered.Get(""), TEXT(".png")), Size.Get(FVector2f(16)));
+	const FSlateImageBrush ButtonPressedBrush = FSlateImageBrush(StyleInstance->RootToContentDir(ButtonPressed.Get(""), TEXT(".png")), Size.Get(FVector2f(16)));
+	ButtonStyle.SetNormal(ButtonNormalBrush).SetHovered(ButtonHoveredBrush).SetPressed(ButtonPressedBrush);
+	StyleInstance->Set(CloseButtonStyleName, ButtonStyle);
+}
+
+TSharedRef< FAronaStyle > FAronaStyle::Create()
+{
+	TSharedRef<FAronaStyle> Style = MakeShareable(new FAronaStyle("AronaStyle"));
+
+	FString SkinName;
+	FAronaConfig::GetValue("Skin", "Skin", SkinName);
+	Style->SkinDir = FPaths::ProjectContentDir() / TEXT("Skin") / SkinName;
+	Style->Config.Read(Style->SkinDir / TEXT("Skin.ini"));
+	
+	Style->SetContentRoot(Style->SkinDir);
+	return Style;
+}
+
+#undef IMAGE_BRUSH
+#undef BOX_BRUSH
+#undef BORDER_BRUSH
+#undef TTF_FONT
+#undef OTF_FONT
+
+void FAronaStyle::ReloadTextures()
+{
+	if (FSlateApplication::IsInitialized())
+	{
+		FSlateApplication::Get().GetRenderer()->ReloadTextureResources();
+	}
+}
+
+const ISlateStyle& FAronaStyle::Get()
+{
+	return *StyleInstance;
+}
+
+const FName& FAronaStyle::GetStyleSetName() const
+{
+	static FName Name(TEXT("AronaModuleStyle"));
+	return Name;
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Style/AronaStyle.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Style/AronaStyle.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..488a1ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Style/AronaStyle.h
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "ConfigCacheIni.h"
+#include "SlateTypes.h"
+#include "Styling/SlateStyle.h"
+
+inline FName CloseButtonStyleName("CloseButton");
+inline FName VolumeMeterBar("VolumeMeter");
+inline FName VolumeMeterBarSpace("VolumeMeterSpace");
+inline FName DefaultFontName("DefaultFont");
+inline FName PianoRollBackground("PianoRollBackground");
+inline FName WhiteBrush("WhiteBrush");
+inline FName WhiteKey("WhiteKey");
+inline FName BlackKey("BlackKey");
+
+/**  */
+class FAronaStyle : public FSlateStyleSet
+{
+public:
+	FAronaStyle(const FName& InStyleSetName)
+		: FSlateStyleSet(InStyleSetName)
+	{
+	}
+	
+	static void Initialize();
+
+	static void Shutdown();
+
+	/** reloads textures used by slate renderer */
+	static void ReloadTextures();
+
+	/** @return The Slate style set for the Shooter game */
+	static const ISlateStyle& Get();
+
+	virtual const FName& GetStyleSetName() const override;
+
+	static const FButtonStyle* GetButtonStyle(const FName& PropertyName, const ANSICHAR* Specifier = nullptr);
+	static const FSlateBrush* GetSlateBrush(const FName& PropertyName, const ANSICHAR* Specifier = nullptr);
+	static FSlateFontInfo GetFontInfo(const FName& PropertyName, const ANSICHAR* Specifier = nullptr);
+	
+	template<typename T>
+	static T GetValue(const FName& PropertyName, const ANSICHAR* Specifier = nullptr);
+
+	FString SkinDir;
+	FConfigFile Config;
+private:
+	void LoadConfig();
+	template<typename T>
+	TOptional<T> GetConfigValue(const FName& Key, FName FindSection = FName("Resource"));
+	
+	void AddImageBrush(FName Key);
+	void AddFloatValue(FName Key);
+	void AddFontInfo(FName Key);
+	void AddButtonStyle(FName Key);
+	
+	// static FConfigFile Config;
+	static TSharedRef<FAronaStyle> Create();
+	static TSharedPtr<FAronaStyle> StyleInstance;
+};
+
+template <>
+inline float FAronaStyle::GetValue(const FName& PropertyName, const ANSICHAR* Specifier)
+{
+	return StyleInstance->GetFloat(PropertyName, Specifier);
+}
+
+template <>
+inline FVector2D FAronaStyle::GetValue(const FName& PropertyName, const ANSICHAR* Specifier)
+{
+	return StyleInstance->GetVector(PropertyName, Specifier);
+}
+
+template <>
+inline const FLinearColor& FAronaStyle::GetValue(const FName& PropertyName, const ANSICHAR* Specifier)
+{
+	return StyleInstance->GetColor(PropertyName, Specifier);
+}
+
+template <>
+inline const FSlateColor FAronaStyle::GetValue(const FName& PropertyName, const ANSICHAR* Specifier)
+{
+	return StyleInstance->GetSlateColor(PropertyName, Specifier);
+}
+
+template <>
+inline const FMargin& FAronaStyle::GetValue(const FName& PropertyName, const ANSICHAR* Specifier)
+{
+	return StyleInstance->GetMargin(PropertyName, Specifier);
+}
+
+template<>
+inline TOptional<FString> FAronaStyle::GetConfigValue(const FName& Key, FName FindSection)
+{
+	TSharedRef<FAronaStyle> Style = StaticCastSharedRef<FAronaStyle>(StyleInstance.ToSharedRef());
+	if (!Style->Config.Contains(FindSection.ToString()))
+		return TOptional<FString>();
+	const FConfigSection* Section = Style->Config.Find(FindSection.ToString());
+	if (Section == nullptr)
+		return TOptional<FString>();
+	const FConfigValue* ConfigValue = Section->Find(Key);
+	if (ConfigValue == nullptr)
+		return TOptional<FString>();
+	return TOptional<FString>(ConfigValue->GetValue());
+}
+
+template<>
+inline TOptional<FVector2f> FAronaStyle::GetConfigValue(const FName& Key, FName FindSection)
+{
+	TSharedRef<FAronaStyle> Style = StaticCastSharedRef<FAronaStyle>(StyleInstance.ToSharedRef());
+	if (!Style->Config.Contains(FindSection.ToString()))
+		return TOptional<FVector2f>();
+	const FConfigSection* Section = Style->Config.Find(FindSection.ToString());
+	if (Section == nullptr)
+		return TOptional<FVector2f>();
+	const FConfigValue* ConfigValue = Section->Find(Key);
+	if (ConfigValue == nullptr)
+		return TOptional<FVector2f>();
+	FVector2f Value;
+	Value.InitFromString(ConfigValue->GetValue());
+	return TOptional<FVector2f>(Value);
+}
+
+template<>
+inline TOptional<float> FAronaStyle::GetConfigValue(const FName& Key, FName FindSection)
+{
+	TSharedRef<FAronaStyle> Style = StaticCastSharedRef<FAronaStyle>(StyleInstance.ToSharedRef());
+	if (!Style->Config.Contains(FindSection.ToString()))
+		return TOptional<float>();
+	const FConfigSection* Section = Style->Config.Find(FindSection.ToString());
+	if (Section == nullptr)
+		return TOptional<float>();
+	const FConfigValue* ConfigValue = Section->Find(Key);
+	if (ConfigValue == nullptr)
+		return TOptional<float>();
+	FString String = ConfigValue->GetValue();
+	String = String.Replace(TEXT("x"), TEXT("X"));
+	String = String.Replace(TEXT("y"), TEXT("Y"));
+	String = String.Replace(TEXT("，"), TEXT(""));
+	String = String.Replace(TEXT(","), TEXT(""));
+	return TOptional<float>(FCString::Atof(*String));
+}
+
+
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelInterface/SChannelNode.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelInterface/SChannelNode.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d14854
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelInterface/SChannelNode.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SChannelNode.h"
+
+#include "MultiBoxBuilder.h"
+#include "SButton.h"
+#include "SChannelNodeButton.h"
+#include "SlateApplication.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "SMenuAnchor.h"
+#include "SOverlay.h"
+#include "SSplitter.h"
+#include "STextBlock.h"
+#include "Singleton/MixerList.h"
+#include "Mixer/MixerTrack.h"
+#include "Widgets/SBoxPanel.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+void SChannelNode::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FChannelNode* InChannelNode, FChannelInterface* InNodeOwner, int32 NodeNameIndex)
+{
+	ChannelNode = InChannelNode;
+	ChannelNodeType = InArgs._ChannelNodeType;
+	NodeOwner = InNodeOwner;
+	NodeIndex = NodeNameIndex;
+	
+	
+	FText PortName = FText::FromString(GetNodeName(NodeNameIndex));
+	
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SNew(SHorizontalBox)
+		+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+		.FillWidth(1)
+		[
+			SAssignNew(PortTextBlock, STextBlock)
+			.Text(PortName)
+		]
+		+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+		.AutoWidth()
+		[
+			SAssignNew(ChangeNodeButton, SButton)
+			.OnClicked_Lambda([this]()
+			{
+				ShowNodeSelectMenu();
+				return FReply::Handled();
+			})
+			[
+				SAssignNew(NodeNameTextBlock, STextBlock)
+				.Text(FText::FromString(ChannelNode->GetName()))
+			]
+		]
+	];
+}
+
+void SChannelNode::ShowNodeSelectMenu()
+{
+	FMenuBuilder MenuBuilder(true, nullptr);
+	MenuBuilder.AddWidget(
+		CreateNodeSelectMenu(),
+		FText()
+	);
+	auto Pos = ChangeNodeButton->GetTickSpaceGeometry().GetAbsolutePosition();
+	Pos.Y += ChangeNodeButton->GetTickSpaceGeometry().GetAbsoluteSize().Y;
+	FSlateApplication::Get().PushMenu(SharedThis(this), FWidgetPath(), MenuBuilder.MakeWidget(), Pos, FPopupTransitionEffect::ComboButton);
+}
+
+TSharedRef<SWidget> SChannelNode::CreateNodeSelectMenu()
+{
+	TSharedRef<SVerticalBox> MenuBox = SNew(SVerticalBox);
+
+	MenuBox->AddSlot()
+	.AutoHeight()
+	[
+		SNew(SChannelNodeButton, FNullChannelNode::Get())
+		.OnClickedDelegate(this, &SChannelNode::OnMenuNodeSelected)
+	];
+	
+	FMixerList& MixerList = FMixerList::Get();
+	for (const FMixerTrack* Mixer : MixerList)
+	{
+		MenuBox->AddSlot()
+		.AutoHeight()
+		[
+			SNew(STextBlock)
+			.Text(FText::FromString(Mixer->GetName()))
+		];
+		const TArray<FChannelNode*>& MixerOutputNodes = Mixer->GetChannelInterface()->OutputChannelNodes;
+		for (FChannelNode* MixerChannelNode : MixerOutputNodes)
+		{
+			MenuBox->AddSlot()
+			.AutoHeight()
+			[
+				SNew(SChannelNodeButton, MixerChannelNode)
+				.OnClickedDelegate(this, &SChannelNode::OnMenuNodeSelected)
+			];
+		}
+	}
+	
+	return MenuBox;
+}
+
+void SChannelNode::OnMenuNodeSelected(FChannelNode* Node)
+{
+	check(NodeOwner);
+	
+	switch (ChannelNodeType)
+	{
+		case EChannelNodeType::InputNode:
+		{
+			NodeIndex = NodeOwner->GetInputNodeIndex(ChannelNode);
+			NodeOwner->SetInputChannel(NodeIndex, Node);
+			break;
+		}
+		case EChannelNodeType::OutputNode:
+		{
+			NodeIndex = NodeOwner->GetOutputNodeIndex(ChannelNode);
+			NodeOwner->SetOutputChannel(NodeIndex, Node);
+			break;
+		}
+		default: ;
+	}
+	
+	ChannelNode = Node;
+	NodeNameTextBlock->SetText(FText::FromString(Node->GetName()));
+}
+
+FString SChannelNode::GetNodeName(int32 NodeNameIndex)
+{
+	FString PortName;
+	
+	TMap<int32, FName> PortNames;
+	
+	switch (ChannelNodeType)
+	{
+		case EChannelNodeType::InputNode:
+			PortNames = NodeOwner->GetInputChannelNodeName(ChannelNode);
+		break;
+		case EChannelNodeType::OutputNode:
+			PortNames = NodeOwner->GetOutputChannelNodeName(ChannelNode);
+		break;
+		default: ;
+	}
+	
+	const FName* NameA = PortNames.Find(NodeNameIndex);
+	const FName* NameB = PortNames.Find(NodeNameIndex + 1);
+	if (NameA && NameB)
+	{
+		if (*NameA == *NameB)
+			PortName = NameA->ToString();
+		else
+			PortName = FString::Printf(TEXT("%s-%s"), *NameA->ToString(), *NameB->ToString());
+	}
+	else if (NameA)
+	{
+		PortName = NameA->ToString();
+	}
+	else if (NameB)
+	{
+		PortName = NameB->ToString();
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		PortName = TEXT("Null");
+	}
+
+	return PortName;
+}
+
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelInterface/SChannelNode.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelInterface/SChannelNode.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d5aaed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelInterface/SChannelNode.h
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+#include "AudioBuffer/ChannelNode.h"
+
+class SButton;
+class STextBlock;
+class SMenuAnchor;
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SChannelNode : public SCompoundWidget
+{
+public:
+	enum class EChannelNodeType
+	{
+		InputNode,
+		OutputNode,
+	};
+	
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SChannelNode)
+		{
+		}
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(EChannelNodeType, ChannelNodeType)
+	
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FChannelNode* InChannelNode, FChannelInterface* InNodeOwner, int32 NodeNameIndex);
+
+	FChannelNode::FChannelNodeDelegate OnRightClickedDelegate;
+private:
+	void ShowNodeSelectMenu();
+	TSharedRef<SWidget> CreateNodeSelectMenu();
+	void OnMenuNodeSelected(FChannelNode* Node);
+	FString GetNodeName(int32 NodeNameIndex = -1);
+
+	FChannelInterface* NodeOwner = nullptr;
+	FChannelNode* ChannelNode = nullptr;
+	EChannelNodeType ChannelNodeType = EChannelNodeType::InputNode;
+	
+	TSharedPtr<SButton> ChangeNodeButton;
+	TSharedPtr<STextBlock> NodeNameTextBlock;
+	TSharedPtr<STextBlock> PortTextBlock;
+	int32 NodeIndex = -1;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelInterface/SChannelNodeButton.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelInterface/SChannelNodeButton.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9ae592e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelInterface/SChannelNodeButton.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SChannelNodeButton.h"
+
+#include "SButton.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+void SChannelNodeButton::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FChannelNode* InChannelNode)
+{
+	ChannelNode = InChannelNode;
+	OnClickedDelegate = InArgs._OnClickedDelegate;
+	
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SNew(SButton)
+		.Text(FText::FromString(ChannelNode->GetName()))
+		.OnClicked_Lambda([this]() -> FReply
+		{
+			OnClickedDelegate.ExecuteIfBound(ChannelNode);
+			return FReply::Handled();
+		})
+	];
+}
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelInterface/SChannelNodeButton.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelInterface/SChannelNodeButton.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6c2b877
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelInterface/SChannelNodeButton.h
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+#include "AudioBuffer/ChannelNode.h"
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SChannelNodeButton : public SCompoundWidget
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SChannelNodeButton)
+		{}
+
+	SLATE_EVENT(FChannelNode::FChannelNodeDelegate, OnClickedDelegate)
+	
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FChannelNode* InChannelNode);
+
+	FChannelNode::FChannelNodeDelegate OnClickedDelegate;
+private:
+	FChannelNode* ChannelNode = nullptr;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelInterface/SPluginHostChannelInterface.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelInterface/SPluginHostChannelInterface.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db17023
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelInterface/SPluginHostChannelInterface.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SPluginHostChannelInterface.h"
+
+#include "SChannelNode.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "SScrollBox.h"
+#include "SSpacer.h"
+#include "STextBlock.h"
+#include "AudioBuffer/ChannelInterface.h"
+#include "PluginHost/PluginHost.h"
+#include "Widgets/SBoxPanel.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+void SPluginHostChannelInterface::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FPluginHost* InPluginHost)
+{
+	PluginHost = InPluginHost;
+	const FChannelInterface* ChannelInterface = PluginHost->ChannelInterface;
+
+	InPluginHost->UpdateChannelNodeName();
+	
+	const auto& InputNodes = ChannelInterface->InputChannelNodes;
+	const auto& OutputNodes = ChannelInterface->OutputChannelNodes;
+
+	TSharedPtr<SVerticalBox> InputNodesBox;
+	TSharedPtr<SVerticalBox> OutputNodesBox;
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SNew(SScrollBox)
+		+SScrollBox::Slot()
+		.AutoSize()
+		[
+			SNew(STextBlock)
+			.Text(FText::FromString("Input: "))
+		]
+		+SScrollBox::Slot()
+		.AutoSize()
+		[
+			SAssignNew(InputNodesBox, SVerticalBox)
+		]
+		+SScrollBox::Slot()
+		.AutoSize()
+		[
+			SNew(SSpacer)
+			.Size(FVector2D(1, 3))
+		]
+		+SScrollBox::Slot()
+		.AutoSize()
+		[
+			SNew(STextBlock)
+			.Text(FText::FromString("Output: "))
+		]
+		+SScrollBox::Slot()
+		.AutoSize()
+		[
+			SAssignNew(OutputNodesBox, SVerticalBox)
+		]
+	];
+
+
+	if (InputNodes.Num() > 0)
+	{
+		const TSharedRef<SChannelNode> DefaultInputNodeWidget = BuildChannelNode(InputNodes[0], SChannelNode::EChannelNodeType::InputNode, 0).ToSharedRef();
+		DefaultInputNodeWidget->SetEnabled(false);
+		InputNodesBox->AddSlot()
+		[
+			DefaultInputNodeWidget
+		];
+	}
+	for (int32 i = 1; i < InputNodes.Num(); ++i)
+	{
+		InputNodesBox->AddSlot()
+		[
+			BuildChannelNode(InputNodes[i], SChannelNode::EChannelNodeType::InputNode, i * 2).ToSharedRef()
+		];
+	}
+
+	if (OutputNodes.Num() > 0)
+	{
+		TSharedRef<SChannelNode> DefaultOutputNodeWidget = BuildChannelNode(OutputNodes[0], SChannelNode::EChannelNodeType::OutputNode, 0).ToSharedRef();
+		DefaultOutputNodeWidget->SetEnabled(false);
+		OutputNodesBox->AddSlot()
+		[
+			DefaultOutputNodeWidget
+		];
+	}
+	for (int32 i = 1; i < OutputNodes.Num(); ++i)
+	{
+		OutputNodesBox->AddSlot()
+		[
+			BuildChannelNode(OutputNodes[i], SChannelNode::EChannelNodeType::OutputNode, i * 2).ToSharedRef()
+		];
+	}
+}
+
+TSharedPtr<SChannelNode> SPluginHostChannelInterface::BuildChannelNode(FChannelNode* ChannelNode, SChannelNode::EChannelNodeType ChannelNodeType, int32 NodeNameIndex)
+{
+	return SNew(SChannelNode, ChannelNode, PluginHost->ChannelInterface, NodeNameIndex)
+	.ChannelNodeType(ChannelNodeType);
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelInterface/SPluginHostChannelInterface.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelInterface/SPluginHostChannelInterface.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fad1f38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelInterface/SPluginHostChannelInterface.h
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SChannelNode.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+
+class FPluginHost;
+class FChannelNode;
+class SChannelNode;
+class FChannelInterface;
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SPluginHostChannelInterface : public SCompoundWidget
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SPluginHostChannelInterface)
+		{
+		}
+
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FPluginHost* InPluginHost);
+private:
+	TSharedPtr<SChannelNode> BuildChannelNode(FChannelNode* ChannelNode, SChannelNode::EChannelNodeType ChannelNodeType, int32 NodeNameIndex);
+
+	FPluginHost* PluginHost = nullptr;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelRack/ChannelRack.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelRack/ChannelRack.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2324ae3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelRack/ChannelRack.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "ChannelRack.h"
+
+#include "ChannelRackItem.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "SScrollBox.h"
+#include "Singleton/PluginHostList.h"
+#include "Pattern/MidiPattern.h"
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+void SChannelRack::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs)
+{
+	FPluginHostList::Get().OnInstrumentHostCreated.AddRaw(this, &SChannelRack::OnInstrumentHostCreated);
+	FPluginHostList::Get().OnPluginHostRemoved.AddRaw(this, &SChannelRack::OnInstrumentHostRemoved);
+	FPatternSelector::Get().OnPatternSelected.AddRaw(this, &SChannelRack::OnSelectPattern);
+	
+	for (FPluginHost* PluginHost : FPluginHostList::Get().Instruments)
+	{
+		OnInstrumentHostCreated(PluginHost);
+	}
+
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SAssignNew(ListView, SScrollBox)
+		.AnimateWheelScrolling(true)
+		.ScrollBarThickness(FVector2D(2, 2))
+	];
+	
+	OnSelectPattern(FPatternSelector::Get().GetSelectedPattern());
+}
+
+void SChannelRack::SelectPattern(FMidiPattern* Pattern)
+{
+	TSharedPtr<SScrollPanel> ScrollPanel = ListView->GetScrollPanel();
+	auto& Children = ScrollPanel->Children;
+	for (int i = 0; i < Children.Num(); ++i)
+	{
+		TSharedRef<SChannelRackItem, ESPMode::ThreadSafe> Item = StaticCastSharedRef<SChannelRackItem>(Children.GetChildAt(i));
+		Item->SetPattern(Pattern);
+	}
+}
+
+void SChannelRack::OnSelectPattern(FPattern* Pattern)
+{
+	if (!Pattern)
+		return;
+	if (Pattern->Type != EPatternType::Midi)
+		return;
+	SelectPattern((FMidiPattern*)Pattern);
+}
+
+void SChannelRack::UpdateSplitterAPosition(float A)
+{
+	TSharedPtr<SScrollPanel> ScrollPanel = ListView->GetScrollPanel();
+	auto& Children = ScrollPanel->Children;
+	for (int i = 0; i < Children.Num(); ++i)
+	{
+		TSharedPtr<SChannelRackItem, ESPMode::ThreadSafe> Item = StaticCastSharedRef<SChannelRackItem>(Children.GetChildAt(i));
+		Item->SetSplliterASize(A);
+	}
+}
+
+void SChannelRack::UpdateSplitterBPosition(float B)
+{
+	TSharedPtr<SScrollPanel> ScrollPanel = ListView->GetScrollPanel();
+	auto& Children = ScrollPanel->Children;
+	for (int i = 0; i < Children.Num(); ++i)
+	{
+		TSharedPtr<SChannelRackItem, ESPMode::ThreadSafe> Item = StaticCastSharedRef<SChannelRackItem>(Children.GetChildAt(i));
+		Item->SetSplliterBSize(B);
+	}
+}
+
+void SChannelRack::OnInstrumentHostCreated(FPluginHost* PluginHost)
+{
+	ListView->AddSlot()
+	.AutoSize()
+	.Padding(0, 0, 0, 10)
+	[
+		SNew(SChannelRackItem, PluginHost)
+		.OnSplliterAPositionChanged(this, &SChannelRack::UpdateSplitterAPosition)
+		.OnSplliterBPositionChanged(this, &SChannelRack::UpdateSplitterBPosition)
+	];
+}
+
+void SChannelRack::OnInstrumentHostRemoved(FPluginHost* PluginHost)
+{
+	TSharedPtr<SScrollPanel> ScrollPanel = ListView->GetScrollPanel();
+	FChildren* Children = ScrollPanel->GetChildren();
+	for (int i = 0; i < Children->Num(); ++i)
+	{
+		const TSharedRef<SChannelRackItem> ChannelRackItem = StaticCastSharedRef<SChannelRackItem>(Children->GetChildAt(i));
+		if (ChannelRackItem->GetPluginHost() == PluginHost)
+		{
+			ListView->RemoveSlot(ChannelRackItem);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelRack/ChannelRack.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelRack/ChannelRack.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1db70f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelRack/ChannelRack.h
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "ChannelRackItem.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+#include "SListView.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/IChildWindow.h"
+
+class FPattern;
+class FMidiPattern;
+class SScrollBox;
+class FPluginHost;
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SChannelRack : public SCompoundWidget, public IChildWindow
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SChannelRack)
+		{
+		}
+
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs);
+
+	virtual TSharedRef<SWidget> GetWidget() override { return AsShared(); }
+	
+	void SelectPattern(FMidiPattern* Pattern);
+private:
+	void OnSelectPattern(FPattern* Pattern);
+	void UpdateSplitterAPosition(float A);
+	void UpdateSplitterBPosition(float B);
+	
+	void OnInstrumentHostCreated(FPluginHost* PluginHost);
+	void OnInstrumentHostRemoved(FPluginHost* PluginHost);
+
+	TSharedPtr<SScrollBox> ListView;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelRack/ChannelRackItem.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelRack/ChannelRackItem.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ef8648
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelRack/ChannelRackItem.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "ChannelRackItem.h"
+
+#include "ChannelRackMidiThumbnail.h"
+#include "MultiBoxBuilder.h"
+#include "SBox.h"
+#include "SButton.h"
+#include "SImage.h"
+#include "SlateApplication.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "SSplitter.h"
+#include "PluginHost/PluginHost.h"
+#include "Singleton/PluginHostList.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/WindowManager.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/ChannelInterface/SPluginHostChannelInterface.h"
+#include "Widgets/SBoxPanel.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+#define LOCTEXT_NAMESPACE "FChannelRack"
+
+void SChannelRackItem::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FPluginHost* InPluginHost)
+{
+	PluginHost = InPluginHost;
+	
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SAssignNew(Splitter, SSplitter)
+		.ResizeMode(ESplitterResizeMode::FixedSize)
+		
+		+SSplitter::Slot()
+		.OnSlotResized(InArgs._OnSplliterAPositionChanged)
+		.MinSize(32)
+		[
+			SNew(SHorizontalBox)
+			+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+			.AutoWidth()
+			[
+				SNew(SCheckBox)
+				.IsChecked(PluginHost->IsEnabled() ? ECheckBoxState::Checked : ECheckBoxState::Unchecked)
+				.OnCheckStateChanged(this, &SChannelRackItem::SetPluginHostEnabled)
+			]
+			+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+			.FillWidth(1.f)
+			.VAlign(VAlign_Top)
+			[
+				SNew(SButton)
+				.Text(FText::FromString(PluginHost->Name))
+				.OnClicked(this, &SChannelRackItem::TogglePluginHostEditor)
+			]
+		]
+		
+		+SSplitter::Slot()
+		.OnSlotResized(InArgs._OnSplliterBPositionChanged)
+		[
+			SNew(SBox)
+			.HeightOverride(64)
+			[
+				SAssignNew(MidiThumbnail, SChannelRackMidiThumbnail, PluginHost)
+				.Pattern(nullptr)
+			]
+		]
+	];
+}
+
+FReply SChannelRackItem::OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::RightMouseButton)
+	{
+		ShowPluginHostMenu();
+		return FReply::Handled();
+	}
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+void SChannelRackItem::SetPattern(FMidiPattern* InPattern)
+{
+	MidiThumbnail->SetPattern(InPattern);
+}
+
+void SChannelRackItem::SetSplliterASize(float X)
+{
+	Splitter->SlotAt(0).SetSizeValue(X);
+}
+
+void SChannelRackItem::SetSplliterBSize(float X)
+{
+	Splitter->SlotAt(1).SetSizeValue(X);
+}
+
+void SChannelRackItem::ShowPluginHostMenu()
+{
+	FMenuBuilder MenuBuilder(true, nullptr);
+	// MenuBuilder.BeginSection("ChannelRackItem", FText::FromString("ChannelRackItem"));
+	MenuBuilder.AddMenuEntry(
+		LOCTEXT("OpenChannelInterface", "打开通道面板"),
+		LOCTEXT("OpenChannelInterface_ToolTip", "打开一个通道面板窗口"),
+		FSlateIcon(),
+		FUIAction(FExecuteAction::CreateRaw(this, &SChannelRackItem::ShowPluginHostChannelInterface))
+	);
+
+	MenuBuilder.AddMenuEntry(
+		LOCTEXT("DeletePluginHost", "删除插件"),
+		FText(),
+		FSlateIcon(),
+		FUIAction(FExecuteAction::CreateRaw(this, &SChannelRackItem::DeletePluginHost))
+	);
+	
+	// MenuBuilder.EndSection();
+		
+	FSlateApplication::Get().PushMenu(SharedThis(this), FWidgetPath(), MenuBuilder.MakeWidget(), FSlateApplication::Get().GetCursorPos(), FPopupTransitionEffect::ContextMenu);
+}
+
+void SChannelRackItem::SetPluginHostEnabled(ECheckBoxState CheckBoxState)
+{
+	PluginHost->SetEnabled(CheckBoxState == ECheckBoxState::Checked);
+}
+
+FReply SChannelRackItem::TogglePluginHostEditor()
+{
+	FWindowManager::Get().TogglePluginEditor(PluginHost);
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+void SChannelRackItem::ShowPluginHostChannelInterface()
+{
+	FMenuBuilder MenuBuilder(true, nullptr);
+	MenuBuilder.AddWidget(
+		SNew(SPluginHostChannelInterface, PluginHost),
+		FText()
+	);
+	FSlateApplication::Get().PushMenu(SharedThis(this), FWidgetPath(), MenuBuilder.MakeWidget(), FSlateApplication::Get().GetCursorPos(), FPopupTransitionEffect::ComboButton);
+}
+
+void SChannelRackItem::DeletePluginHost()
+{
+	FPluginHostList::Get().RemoveInstrument(PluginHost);
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+#undef LOCTEXT_NAMESPACE
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelRack/ChannelRackItem.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelRack/ChannelRackItem.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a7f03d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelRack/ChannelRackItem.h
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "CurveSequence.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+#include "SCheckBox.h"
+
+class SSplitter;
+class SImage;
+class SChannelRackMidiThumbnail;
+class FMidiPattern;
+class FPluginHost;
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SChannelRackItem : public SCompoundWidget
+{
+public:
+	DECLARE_DELEGATE_OneParam(FSetter, float);
+
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SChannelRackItem)
+		{
+		}
+
+	SLATE_EVENT(FSetter, OnSplliterAPositionChanged)
+	SLATE_EVENT(FSetter, OnSplliterBPositionChanged)
+	
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FPluginHost* InPluginHost);
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+
+	void SetPattern(FMidiPattern* InPattern);
+	FPluginHost* GetPluginHost() const { return PluginHost; }
+
+	void SetSplliterASize(float X);
+	void SetSplliterBSize(float X);
+private:
+
+	void ShowPluginHostMenu();
+	void SetPluginHostEnabled(ECheckBoxState CheckBoxState);
+	FReply TogglePluginHostEditor();
+
+	void ShowPluginHostChannelInterface();
+	void DeletePluginHost();
+
+	FPluginHost* PluginHost = nullptr;
+	FMidiPattern* Pattern = nullptr;
+	
+	TSharedPtr<SChannelRackMidiThumbnail> MidiThumbnail;
+	TSharedPtr<SSplitter> Splitter;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelRack/ChannelRackMidiThumbnail.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelRack/ChannelRackMidiThumbnail.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6395ef5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelRack/ChannelRackMidiThumbnail.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "ChannelRackMidiThumbnail.h"
+
+#include "SImage.h"
+#include "SInvalidationPanel.h"
+#include "SlateApplication.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "SScrollBox.h"
+#include "SViewport.h"
+#include "Midi/MidiMessageSequence.h"
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/MainWindow.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/SUpdatableImage.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/Thumbnail.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/WindowManager.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/PianoRoll/SPianoRoll.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+SChannelRackMidiThumbnail::~SChannelRackMidiThumbnail()
+{
+	SetPattern(nullptr);
+}
+
+void SChannelRackMidiThumbnail::SetPattern(FMidiPattern* InPattern)
+{
+	if (CurrentPattern)
+	{
+		CurrentPattern->OnChanged.RemoveAll(this);
+		CurrentPattern->OnPlay.RemoveAll(this);
+	}
+	if (!InPattern)
+		return;
+	CurrentPattern = InPattern;
+	CurrentPattern->OnChanged_MainThread.AddRaw(this, &SChannelRackMidiThumbnail::OnChanged);
+	CurrentPattern->OnPlay.AddRaw(this, &SChannelRackMidiThumbnail::OnPatternPlay);
+	OnChanged(PluginHost, &InPattern->GetSequence(PluginHost));
+}
+
+void SChannelRackMidiThumbnail::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FPluginHost* InPluginHost)
+{
+	PluginHost = InPluginHost;
+	SetPattern(InArgs._Pattern);
+	
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SNew(SInvalidationPanel)
+		[
+			SAssignNew(UpdatableImage, SUpdatableImage)
+			.OnPostResize(this, &SChannelRackMidiThumbnail::UpdateMidiThumbnail)
+			.UpdateInterval(0)
+		]
+	];
+	
+	if (InArgs._Pattern)
+		OnChanged(PluginHost, &InArgs._Pattern->GetSequence(InPluginHost));
+}
+
+FReply SChannelRackMidiThumbnail::OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (!CurrentPattern)
+		return FReply::Unhandled();
+	FMidiMessageSequence* MidiSequence = &CurrentPattern->GetSequence(PluginHost);
+	TSharedPtr<SPianoRoll> PianoRoll = SNew(SPianoRoll, MidiSequence, PluginHost);
+
+	
+	FWindowManager::Get().GetMainWindow()->CreateChildWindow(
+		FVector2D(100, 100),
+		TEXT(""),
+		PianoRoll.ToSharedRef()
+		);
+	PianoRoll->InitScrollBar();
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+int32 SChannelRackMidiThumbnail::OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const
+{
+	LayerId = SCompoundWidget::OnPaint(Args, AllottedGeometry, MyCullingRect, OutDrawElements, LayerId, InWidgetStyle, bParentEnabled);
+	if (CurrentPattern)
+	{
+		const double EndTime = CurrentPattern->GetLength();
+		const double CurrentPercent = LastPatternPos / EndTime * (double)AllottedGeometry.Size.X;
+		TArray<FVector2f> Points;
+		Points.Add(FVector2f(CurrentPercent, 0));
+		Points.Add(FVector2f(CurrentPercent, AllottedGeometry.Size.Y));
+		FSlateDrawElement::MakeLines(
+			OutDrawElements,
+			++LayerId,
+			AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry(),
+			Points,
+			ESlateDrawEffect::None,
+			FLinearColor::Red,
+			true,
+			1.f
+		);
+	}
+	return LayerId;
+}
+
+void SChannelRackMidiThumbnail::OnChanged(FPluginHost* Host, FMidiMessageSequence* Changed)
+{
+	if (Host != PluginHost)
+		return;
+	UpdatableImage->NeedRedraw();
+}
+
+void SChannelRackMidiThumbnail::OnPatternPlay(FPatternInstance* PatternInstance, AudioFrame PatternTick, uint32 Length)
+{
+	LastPatternPos = PatternTick;
+}
+
+void SChannelRackMidiThumbnail::UpdateMidiThumbnail(FImageData& ImageData)
+{
+	if (!CurrentPattern)
+		return;
+	const FMidiMessageSequence* MidiSequence = &CurrentPattern->GetSequence(PluginHost);
+
+	ImageData.ClearColor(FColor::Black);
+	Thumbnail::GenerateMidiThumbnail(MidiSequence, ImageData);
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelRack/ChannelRackMidiThumbnail.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelRack/ChannelRackMidiThumbnail.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7fe3c9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/ChannelRack/ChannelRackMidiThumbnail.h
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+#include "SLeafWidget.h"
+#include "Pattern/MidiPattern.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/SUpdatableImage.h"
+
+class SUpdatableImage;
+class FPluginHost;
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SChannelRackMidiThumbnail : public SCompoundWidget
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SChannelRackMidiThumbnail)
+		{
+		}
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(FMidiPattern*, Pattern)
+	
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	~SChannelRackMidiThumbnail();
+	void SetPattern(FMidiPattern* InPattern);
+	
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FPluginHost* InPluginHost);
+
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual int32 OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const override;
+private:
+	void OnChanged(FPluginHost* Host, FMidiMessageSequence* Changed);
+	void OnPatternPlay(FPatternInstance* PatternInstance, AudioFrame PatternTick, uint32 Length);
+
+	void UpdateMidiThumbnail(FImageData& ImageData);
+	
+	FPluginHost* PluginHost;
+	FMidiPattern* CurrentPattern;
+	
+	TSharedPtr<SUpdatableImage> UpdatableImage;
+
+	AudioFrame LastPatternPos;
+};
+
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/IChildWindow.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/IChildWindow.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ad213eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/IChildWindow.h
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+
+class SWidget;
+
+class IChildWindow
+{
+public:
+	virtual ~IChildWindow() = default;
+	virtual TSharedPtr<SWidget> GetFocusWidget() { return nullptr; }
+	virtual TSharedRef<SWidget> GetWidget() = 0;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/MainWindow.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/MainWindow.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d89374
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/MainWindow.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+#include "MainWindow.h"
+
+#include "IChildWindow.h"
+#include "SBackgroundBlur.h"
+#include "SChildWindow.h"
+#include "SMainWindowHeader.h"
+#include "SConstraintCanvas.h"
+#include "SlateApplication.h"
+#include "SMainWindow.h"
+#include "SWindow.h"
+#include "SWindowTitleBar.h"
+#include "WaveformViewer.h"
+#include "ChannelRack/ChannelRack.h"
+#include "Thread/MainThreadEventList.h"
+#include "Thread/ThreadMessage.h"
+#include "Mixer/SMixer.h"
+#include "PlayList/SPlayList.h"
+
+#define LOCTEXT_NAMESPACE "Arona"
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FMainThreadEventList, PostCreateChildWindow,
+                     FMainWindow* Window;
+                     TSharedPtr<SChildWindow> ChildWindow;
+)
+{
+	Args.Window->FrontChildWindow(Args.ChildWindow);
+}
+
+void FMainWindow::Init()
+{
+	auto NewTab = SNew(SDockTab);
+	TabManager = FGlobalTabmanager::Get()->NewTabManager(NewTab);
+	TArray<FName> TabNames = {"Tab0", "Tab1", "Tab2"};
+	auto Layout = FTabManager::NewLayout(TEXT("TestLayout"))
+	->AddArea(
+		FTabManager::NewPrimaryArea()
+		->SetOrientation(Orient_Horizontal)
+		->Split(
+			FTabManager::NewStack()
+			->AddTab(TabNames[0], ETabState::Type::OpenedTab)
+		)
+		->Split(
+			FTabManager::NewStack()
+			->AddTab(TabNames[1], ETabState::Type::OpenedTab)
+		)
+	);
+
+	TabManager->RegisterTabSpawner(TabNames[0], FOnSpawnTab::CreateLambda([](const FSpawnTabArgs& Args) -> TSharedRef<SDockTab>
+	{
+		return SNew(SDockTab)
+		.TabRole(ETabRole::NomadTab)
+		[
+			SNew(SButton)
+		];
+	}));
+
+	TabManager->RegisterTabSpawner(TabNames[1], FOnSpawnTab::CreateRaw(this, &FMainWindow::CreatePlayListTab));
+
+	
+	MainWindow = SNew(SMainWindow)
+	.CreateTitleBar(false)
+	.AutoCenter(EAutoCenter::PrimaryWorkArea)
+	.ClientSize(FVector2D(1270, 720));
+
+	const auto WindowTitleBar = SNew(SWindowTitleBar, MainWindow.ToSharedRef(), nullptr, EHorizontalAlignment::HAlign_Fill)
+	.ShowAppIcon(false);
+	
+	MainWindow->SetTitleBar(WindowTitleBar);
+	MainWindow->SetContent(
+		SNew(SVerticalBox)
+		+SVerticalBox::Slot()
+		.AutoHeight()
+		[
+			WindowTitleBar
+		]
+		+SVerticalBox::Slot()
+		.AutoHeight()
+		[
+			SNew(SMainWindowHeader)
+			.OnChannelRackClicked_Raw(this, &FMainWindow::ToggleChannelRack)
+			.OnMixerClicked_Raw(this, &FMainWindow::ToggleMixer)
+		]
+		+SVerticalBox::Slot()
+		[
+			SNew(SOverlay)
+			+SOverlay::Slot()
+			[
+				TabManager->RestoreFrom(Layout, MainWindow).ToSharedRef()
+			]
+			+SOverlay::Slot()
+			[
+				SAssignNew(MainWindowCanvas, SConstraintCanvas)
+			]
+			+SOverlay::Slot()
+			[
+				SNew(SHorizontalBox)
+				+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+				[
+					SNew(SWaveformViewer)
+					.Visibility(EVisibility::SelfHitTestInvisible)
+				].FillWidth(1.f)
+				// +SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+				// [
+				// 	SNew(SWaveformViewer)
+				// 	.Visibility(EVisibility::SelfHitTestInvisible)
+				// ].FillWidth(1.f)
+			]
+		]
+	);
+
+	FSlateApplication::Get().AddWindow(MainWindow.ToSharedRef());
+
+	InitChildWindow();
+}
+
+TSharedPtr<SChildWindow> FMainWindow::CreateChildWindow(FVector2D Size, FString Title, TSharedPtr<IChildWindow> Content, bool IsSingletonWindow)
+{
+	auto* PanelChildren = static_cast<TPanelChildren<SConstraintCanvas::FSlot>*>(MainWindowCanvas->GetChildren());
+
+	TSharedPtr<SChildWindow> Out;
+	auto Slot = MainWindowCanvas->AddSlot();
+	Slot.ZOrder(PanelChildren->Num() + 2);
+	Slot.AttachWidget(SAssignNew(Out, SChildWindow, Slot.GetSlot())
+		.IsSingletonWindow(IsSingletonWindow)
+		.Title(Title)
+		.ResizeHandleSize(FVector2D(16, 16))
+		.Content(Content)
+	);
+
+	Slot.Offset(FMargin(0, 0, Size.X, Size.Y));
+	
+	PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(PostCreateChildWindow, this, Out);
+	return Out;
+}
+
+void FMainWindow::FrontChildWindow(TSharedPtr<SChildWindow> ChildWindow)
+{
+	const auto& PanelChildren = MainWindowCanvas->GetPanelChildren();
+	const TArray<TUniquePtr<SConstraintCanvas::FSlot>>& Children = PanelChildren.GetAllChildren();
+	for (auto& Slot : Children)
+	{
+		Slot->SetZOrder(Slot->GetZOrder() - 1);
+	}
+	ChildWindow->GetSlot()->SetZOrder(PanelChildren.Num());
+	FWidgetPath WidgetPath;
+
+	const TSharedPtr<SWidget> FocusWidget = ChildWindow->Content->GetFocusWidget();
+	if (FocusWidget.IsValid())
+	{
+		FSlateApplication::Get().SetAllUserFocus(FocusWidget);
+		FSlateApplication::Get().SetKeyboardFocus(FocusWidget);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		FSlateApplication::Get().SetAllUserFocus(ChildWindow->Content->GetWidget());
+		FSlateApplication::Get().SetKeyboardFocus(ChildWindow->Content->GetWidget());
+	}
+}
+
+TSharedPtr<SChannelRack> FMainWindow::GetChannelRack()
+{
+	return ChannelRack;
+}
+
+TSharedRef<SDockTab> FMainWindow::CreatePlayListTab(const FSpawnTabArgs& Args)
+{
+	return SNew(SDockTab)
+		.TabRole(ETabRole::NomadTab)
+		.Label(LOCTEXT("PlayListTabTitle", "PlayList"))
+		[
+			SNew(SPlayList)
+		];
+}
+
+void FMainWindow::InitChildWindow()
+{
+	ChannelRackWindow = CreateChildWindow(FVector2D(300, 600), "ChannelRack", SAssignNew(ChannelRack, SChannelRack), true);
+	MixerWindow = CreateChildWindow(FVector2D(600, 400), "Mixer", SNew(SMixer), true);
+}
+
+void FMainWindow::ToggleChildWindow(TSharedPtr<SChildWindow> ChildWindow)
+{
+	if (ChildWindow->GetVisibility() != EVisibility::Visible)
+		ChildWindow->SetVisibility(EVisibility::Visible);
+	else
+		ChildWindow->SetVisibility(EVisibility::Collapsed);
+}
+
+void FMainWindow::ToggleChannelRack()
+{
+	ToggleChildWindow(ChannelRackWindow);
+}
+
+void FMainWindow::ToggleMixer()
+{
+	ToggleChildWindow(MixerWindow);
+}
+#undef LOCTEXT_NAMESPACE
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/MainWindow.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/MainWindow.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a8cc46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/MainWindow.h
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "Events.h"
+#include "WidgetPath.h"
+
+class IChildWindow;
+class SChannelRack;
+class SChildWindow;
+class SConstraintCanvas;
+class SWindow;
+class SWidget;
+
+class FMainWindow
+{
+public:
+	void Init();
+	TSharedPtr<SChildWindow> CreateChildWindow(FVector2D Size, FString Title, TSharedPtr<IChildWindow> Content, bool IsSingletonWindow = false);
+	void FrontChildWindow(TSharedPtr<SChildWindow> ChildWindow);
+
+	TSharedPtr<SWindow> MainWindow;
+	TSharedPtr<SConstraintCanvas> MainWindowCanvas;
+
+	TSharedPtr<SChannelRack> GetChannelRack();
+private:
+	TSharedRef<SDockTab> CreatePlayListTab(const FSpawnTabArgs& Args);
+	
+	void InitChildWindow();
+
+	void ToggleChildWindow(TSharedPtr<SChildWindow> ChildWindow);
+	
+	void ToggleChannelRack();
+	void ToggleMixer();
+
+	TSharedPtr<SChildWindow> ChannelRackWindow;
+	TSharedPtr<SChannelRack> ChannelRack;
+
+	TSharedPtr<SChildWindow> MixerWindow;
+	TSharedPtr<FTabManager> TabManager;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixer.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixer.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b3a2684
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixer.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SMixer.h"
+
+#include "MultiBoxBuilder.h"
+#include "SMixerTrack.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "SListView.h"
+#include "SMixerEffectList.h"
+#include "SScrollBox.h"
+#include "Singleton/MixerList.h"
+
+#define LOCTEXT_NAMESPACE "SMixer"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+void FMixerSelector::AddTrack(FMixerTrack* MixerTrack)
+{
+	if (SelectedTracks.Contains(MixerTrack))
+		return;
+	SelectedTracks.Add(MixerTrack);
+	OnMixerTrackSelected.Broadcast(MixerTrack);
+}
+
+bool FMixerSelector::RemoveTrack(FMixerTrack* MixerTrack)
+{
+	if (!SelectedTracks.Contains(MixerTrack))
+		return false;
+	SelectedTracks.Remove(MixerTrack);
+	OnMixerTrackDeselected.Broadcast(MixerTrack);
+	return true;
+}
+
+void FMixerSelector::UnselectAll()
+{
+	for (FMixerTrack* MixerTrack : SelectedTracks)
+	{
+		OnMixerTrackDeselected.Broadcast(MixerTrack);
+	}
+	SelectedTracks.Empty();
+}
+
+SMixer::~SMixer()
+{
+	FMixerList& MixerList = FMixerList::Get();
+	MixerList.OnMixerTrackCreated.RemoveAll(this);
+	MixerList.OnMixerTrackRemoved.RemoveAll(this);
+}
+
+void SMixer::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs)
+{
+	FMixerList& MixerList = FMixerList::Get();
+
+	MixerList.OnMixerTrackCreated.AddRaw(this, &SMixer::OnMixerTrackCreated);
+	MixerList.OnMixerTrackRemoved.AddRaw(this, &SMixer::OnMixerTrackRemoved);
+
+	Selector.OnMixerTrackSelected.AddRaw(this, &SMixer::OnMixerTrackSelected);
+	Selector.OnMixerTrackDeselected.AddRaw(this, &SMixer::OnMixerTrackDeselected);
+	
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SNew(SHorizontalBox)
+		+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+		.FillWidth(1.f)
+		[
+			SAssignNew(ListView, SScrollBox)
+			.AnimateWheelScrolling(true)
+			.Orientation(EOrientation::Orient_Horizontal)
+			.ScrollBarThickness(FVector2D(2))
+		]
+		+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+		.AutoWidth()
+		[
+			SNew(SBox)
+			.WidthOverride(200)
+			[
+				SAssignNew(EffectList, SMixerEffectList)
+			]
+		]
+	];
+
+	for (FMixerTrack* Mixer : MixerList)
+	{
+		OnMixerTrackCreated(Mixer);
+	}
+}
+
+FReply SMixer::OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::RightMouseButton)
+	{
+		FMenuBuilder MenuBuilder(true, nullptr);
+		MenuBuilder.AddMenuEntry(
+			LOCTEXT("AddDummyMixerTrack", "创建傀儡轨道"),
+			LOCTEXT("AddDummyMixerTrack_Tooltip", "创建一个新的傀儡轨道"),
+			FSlateIcon(),
+			FUIAction(FExecuteAction::CreateLambda([this]()
+			{
+				FMixerList& MixerList = FMixerList::Get();
+				MixerList.CreateDummyTrack("Dummy");
+			}))
+		);
+		
+		FSlateApplication::Get().PushMenu(SharedThis(this), FWidgetPath(), MenuBuilder.MakeWidget(), FSlateApplication::Get().GetCursorPos(), FPopupTransitionEffect::ContextMenu);
+	}
+	else if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::LeftMouseButton)
+	{
+		Selector.UnselectAll();
+		EffectList->SetMixerTrack(nullptr);
+	}
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+FReply SMixer::OnKeyDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& InKeyEvent)
+{
+	if (InKeyEvent.GetKey() == EKeys::LeftShift || InKeyEvent.GetKey() == EKeys::RightShift)
+	{
+		bShiftDown = true;
+	}
+	
+	if (InKeyEvent.GetKey() == EKeys::Delete)
+	{
+		for (FMixerTrack* MixerTrack : Selector.GetSelectedTracks())
+		{
+			FMixerList::Get().RemoveTrack(MixerTrack);
+		}
+		Selector.UnselectAll();
+	}
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+FReply SMixer::OnKeyUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& InKeyEvent)
+{
+	if (InKeyEvent.GetKey() == EKeys::LeftShift || InKeyEvent.GetKey() == EKeys::RightShift)
+	{
+		bShiftDown = false;
+	}
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+void SMixer::OnMixerTrackCreated(FMixerTrack* MixerTrack)
+{
+	ListView->AddSlot()
+	[
+		SNew(SMixerTrack)
+		.MixerTrack(MixerTrack)
+		.OnClicked(this, &SMixer::OnMixerTrackClicked)
+	];
+}
+
+void SMixer::OnMixerTrackRemoved(FMixerTrack* MixerTrack)
+{
+	if (Selector.RemoveTrack(MixerTrack))
+	{
+		Selector.AddTrack(FMixerList::Get().GetMaster());
+	}
+	
+	ForeachMixerTrackWidget([&, this](TSharedRef<SMixerTrack> MixerTrackWidget)
+	{
+		if (MixerTrackWidget->GetMixerTrack() == MixerTrack)
+		{
+			ListView->RemoveSlot(MixerTrackWidget);
+			return false;
+		}
+		return true;
+	});
+	
+}
+
+void SMixer::OnMixerTrackClicked(FMixerTrack* InMixerTrack)
+{
+	Selector.UnselectAll();
+
+	if (bShiftDown)
+	{
+		const TArray<FMixerTrack*>& Selected = Selector.GetSelectedTracks();
+		if (Selected.Num() > 0)
+		{
+			const TSharedPtr<SScrollPanel> ScrollPanel = ListView->GetScrollPanel();
+			FChildren* Children = ScrollPanel->GetChildren();
+			for (int32 i = 0; i < Children->Num(); i++)
+			{
+				TSharedRef<SWidget> Child = Children->GetChildAt(i);
+				const TSharedRef<SMixerTrack> MixerTrackWidget = StaticCastSharedRef<SMixerTrack>(Child);
+				if (MixerTrackWidget->GetMixerTrack() == Selected[0])
+				{
+					int32 StartIndex = i;
+					for (int32 j = 0; j < Children->Num(); j++)
+					{
+						TSharedRef<SWidget> Child2 = Children->GetChildAt(j);
+						const TSharedRef<SMixerTrack> MixerTrackWidget2 = StaticCastSharedRef<SMixerTrack>(Child2);
+						if (MixerTrackWidget2->GetMixerTrack() == InMixerTrack)
+						{
+							int32 EndIndex = j;
+							if (StartIndex > EndIndex)
+							{
+								const int32 Temp = StartIndex;
+								StartIndex = EndIndex;
+								EndIndex = Temp;
+							}
+							for (int32 k = StartIndex; k <= EndIndex; k++)
+							{
+								TSharedRef<SWidget> Child3 = Children->GetChildAt(k);
+								const TSharedRef<SMixerTrack> MixerTrackWidget3 = StaticCastSharedRef<SMixerTrack>(Child3);
+								Selector.AddTrack(MixerTrackWidget3->GetMixerTrack());
+							}
+							break;
+						}
+					}
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		Selector.AddTrack(InMixerTrack);
+		EffectList->SetMixerTrack(InMixerTrack);
+	}
+}
+
+void SMixer::OnMixerTrackSelected(FMixerTrack* InMixerTrack)
+{
+	ForeachMixerTrackWidget([&, this](TSharedRef<SMixerTrack> MixerTrackWidget)
+	{
+		if (MixerTrackWidget->GetMixerTrack() == InMixerTrack)
+		{
+			MixerTrackWidget->SetSelected(true);
+			return false;
+		}
+		return true;
+	});
+}
+
+void SMixer::OnMixerTrackDeselected(FMixerTrack* InMixerTrack)
+{
+	ForeachMixerTrackWidget([&, this](TSharedRef<SMixerTrack> MixerTrackWidget)
+	{
+		if (MixerTrackWidget->GetMixerTrack() == InMixerTrack)
+		{
+			MixerTrackWidget->SetSelected(false);
+			return false;
+		}
+		return true;
+	});
+}
+
+void SMixer::ForeachMixerTrackWidget(TFunction<bool(TSharedRef<SMixerTrack>)> InFunction)
+{
+	const TSharedPtr<SScrollPanel> ScrollPanel = ListView->GetScrollPanel();
+	FChildren* Children = ScrollPanel->GetChildren();
+	for (int32 i = 0; i < Children->Num(); i++)
+	{
+		TSharedRef<SWidget> Child = Children->GetChildAt(i);
+		const TSharedRef<SMixerTrack> MixerTrackWidget = StaticCastSharedRef<SMixerTrack>(Child);
+		if (!InFunction(MixerTrackWidget))
+			break;
+	}
+}
+
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+#undef LOCTEXT_NAMESPACE
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixer.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..45c603f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+#include "SMixerTrack.h"
+#include "Mixer/MixerTrack.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/IChildWindow.h"
+
+class SScrollBox;
+class SMixerEffectList;
+
+DECLARE_MULTICAST_DELEGATE_OneParam(FMixerTrackDelegate, FMixerTrack*)
+
+class FMixerSelector
+{
+public:
+	void AddTrack(FMixerTrack* MixerTrack);
+	bool RemoveTrack(FMixerTrack* MixerTrack);
+	void UnselectAll();
+
+	const TArray<FMixerTrack*>& GetSelectedTracks() const { return SelectedTracks; }
+
+	FMixerTrackDelegate OnMixerTrackSelected;
+	FMixerTrackDelegate OnMixerTrackDeselected;
+private:
+	TArray<FMixerTrack*> SelectedTracks;
+};
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SMixer : public SCompoundWidget, public IChildWindow
+{
+public:
+	~SMixer();
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SMixer)
+		{
+		}
+
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs);
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnKeyDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& InKeyEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnKeyUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& InKeyEvent) override;
+
+	virtual TSharedRef<SWidget> GetWidget() override { return AsShared(); }
+protected:
+	void OnMixerTrackCreated(FMixerTrack* MixerTrack);
+	void OnMixerTrackRemoved(FMixerTrack* MixerTrack);
+	void OnMixerTrackClicked(FMixerTrack* InMixerTrack);
+
+	void OnMixerTrackSelected(FMixerTrack* InMixerTrack);
+	void OnMixerTrackDeselected(FMixerTrack* InMixerTrack);
+
+	void ForeachMixerTrackWidget(TFunction<bool(TSharedRef<SMixerTrack>)> InFunction);
+private:
+	TSharedPtr<SScrollBox> ListView;
+	TSharedPtr<SMixerEffectList> EffectList;
+	FMixerSelector Selector;
+	bool bShiftDown = false;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixerEffectItem.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixerEffectItem.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..17ec188
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixerEffectItem.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SMixerEffectItem.h"
+
+#include "MultiBoxBuilder.h"
+#include "SButton.h"
+#include "SlateApplication.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "PluginHost/PluginHost.h"
+#include "Singleton/PluginHostList.h"
+#include "Widgets/SBoxPanel.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/WindowManager.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/ChannelInterface/SPluginHostChannelInterface.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+#define LOCTEXT_NAMESPACE "SMixer"
+
+void SMixerEffectItem::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FPluginHost* InPluginHost)
+{
+	PluginHost = InPluginHost;
+	
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SNew(SHorizontalBox)
+		+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+		.FillWidth(1.f)
+		[
+			SNew(SButton)
+			.Text(FText::FromString(PluginHost->Name))
+			.OnClicked(this, &SMixerEffectItem::OnButtonClicked)
+		]
+		+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+		.AutoWidth()
+		[
+			SAssignNew(MenuAnchor, SMenuAnchor)
+			.OnGetMenuContent(this, &SMixerEffectItem::CreateChannelInterfaceMenu)
+			[
+				SNew(SButton)
+				.Text(FText::FromString("X"))
+				.OnClicked(this, &SMixerEffectItem::OnChannelInterfaceClicked)
+			]
+		]
+	];
+}
+
+FReply SMixerEffectItem::OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::RightMouseButton)
+	{
+		ShowMenu();
+	}
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+FReply SMixerEffectItem::OnButtonClicked()
+{
+	FWindowManager::Get().TogglePluginEditor(PluginHost);
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+FReply SMixerEffectItem::OnChannelInterfaceClicked()
+{
+	MenuAnchor->SetIsOpen(true);
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+TSharedRef<SWidget> SMixerEffectItem::CreateChannelInterfaceMenu()
+{
+	return SNew(SPluginHostChannelInterface, PluginHost);
+}
+
+void SMixerEffectItem::ShowMenu()
+{
+	FMenuBuilder MenuBuilder(true, nullptr);
+	// Delete effect
+	MenuBuilder.AddMenuEntry(
+		LOCTEXT("DeleteEffect", "删除效果器"),
+		LOCTEXT("DeleteEffectTooltip", "从混音轨道中删除该效果。"),
+		FSlateIcon(),
+		FUIAction(
+			FExecuteAction::CreateLambda([this]()
+			{
+				FPluginHostList::Get().RemovePluginHost(PluginHost);
+			})
+		)
+	);
+	FSlateApplication::Get().PushMenu(
+		AsShared(),
+		FWidgetPath(),
+		MenuBuilder.MakeWidget(),
+		FSlateApplication::Get().GetCursorPos(),
+		FPopupTransitionEffect(FPopupTransitionEffect::ContextMenu)
+	);
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+#undef LOCTEXT_NAMESPACE
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixerEffectItem.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixerEffectItem.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae62d62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixerEffectItem.h
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+
+class SMenuAnchor;
+class FPluginHost;
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SMixerEffectItem : public SCompoundWidget
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SMixerEffectItem)
+		{}
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FPluginHost* InPluginHost);
+
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	FPluginHost* PluginHost;
+private:
+	FReply OnButtonClicked();
+	FReply OnChannelInterfaceClicked();
+	TSharedRef<SWidget> CreateChannelInterfaceMenu();
+
+	void ShowMenu();
+
+	TSharedPtr<SMenuAnchor> MenuAnchor;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixerEffectList.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixerEffectList.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d78750c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixerEffectList.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SMixerEffectList.h"
+
+#include "DesktopPlatformModule.h"
+#include "SButton.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "SMixerEffectItem.h"
+#include "SScrollBox.h"
+#include "Singleton/MixerList.h"
+#include "Mixer/MixerTrack.h"
+#include "Singleton/PluginHostList.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+SMixerEffectList::~SMixerEffectList()
+{
+	FMixerList::Get().OnMixerTrackEffectAdded.RemoveAll(this);
+	// FMixerList::Get().OnMixerTrackEffectRemoved.RemoveAll(this);
+	FMixerList::Get().OnMixerTrackRemoved.RemoveAll(this);
+}
+
+void SMixerEffectList::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs)
+{
+	FMixerList::Get().OnMixerTrackRemoved.AddRaw(this, &SMixerEffectList::OnMixerTrackRemoved);
+	FMixerList::Get().OnMixerTrackEffectAdded.AddRaw(this, &SMixerEffectList::OnMixerTrackEffectAdded);
+	// FMixerList::Get().OnMixerTrackEffectRemoved.AddRaw(this, &SMixerEffectList::OnMixerTrackEffectRemoved);
+	FPluginHostList::Get().OnPluginHostRemoved.AddRaw(this, &SMixerEffectList::OnMixerTrackEffectRemoved);
+	
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SAssignNew(ScrollBox, SScrollBox)
+		.Orientation(Orient_Vertical)
+		.AnimateWheelScrolling(true)
+		.Visibility(EVisibility::SelfHitTestInvisible)
+		+SScrollBox::Slot()
+		[
+			SAssignNew(VerticalBox, SVerticalBox)
+		]
+		+SScrollBox::Slot()
+		[
+			SAssignNew(AddEffectButton, SButton)
+			.Text(FText::FromString("Add Effect"))
+			.OnClicked(this, &SMixerEffectList::AddNewEffect)
+			.IsEnabled(false)
+		]
+	];
+}
+
+void SMixerEffectList::SetMixerTrack(FMixerTrack* InMixerTrack)
+{
+	if (MixerTrack == InMixerTrack)
+		return;
+	VerticalBox->ClearChildren();
+	MixerTrack = InMixerTrack;
+	if (!MixerTrack)
+	{
+		AddEffectButton->SetEnabled(false);
+		return;
+	}
+	
+	AddEffectButton->SetEnabled(true);
+	for (FPluginHost* Effect : MixerTrack->Effects)
+	{
+		AddEffectItemWidget(Effect);
+	}
+}
+
+void SMixerEffectList::OnMixerTrackEffectAdded(FMixerTrack* InMixerTrack, FPluginHost* InPluginHost)
+{
+	if (MixerTrack != InMixerTrack)
+		return;
+	AddEffectItemWidget(InPluginHost);
+}
+
+void SMixerEffectList::OnMixerTrackEffectRemoved(FPluginHost* InPluginHost)
+{
+	const int32 NumSlots = VerticalBox->NumSlots();
+	for (int i = 0; i < NumSlots; ++i)
+	{
+		SVerticalBox::FSlot& Slot = VerticalBox->GetSlot(i);
+		const TSharedRef<SWidget>& Widget = Slot.GetWidget();
+		TSharedRef<SMixerEffectItem> EffectItem = StaticCastSharedRef<SMixerEffectItem>(Widget);
+		if (EffectItem->PluginHost == InPluginHost)
+		{
+			VerticalBox->RemoveSlot(EffectItem);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void SMixerEffectList::OnMixerTrackRemoved(FMixerTrack* InMixerTrack)
+{
+	if (MixerTrack != InMixerTrack)
+		return;
+	VerticalBox->ClearChildren();
+}
+
+void SMixerEffectList::AddEffectItemWidget(FPluginHost* InPluginHost)
+{
+	VerticalBox->AddSlot()
+	[
+		SNew(SMixerEffectItem, InPluginHost)
+	];
+}
+
+FReply SMixerEffectList::AddNewEffect()
+{
+	IDesktopPlatform* DesktopPlatform = FDesktopPlatformModule::Get();
+	FString FileTypes = TEXT("Dynamic Link Library (*.dll)|*.dll");
+	TArray<FString> OutFiles;
+	DesktopPlatform->OpenFileDialog(nullptr, TEXT("Choose a DLL"), TEXT(""), TEXT(""), FileTypes, EFileDialogFlags::None, OutFiles);
+	if (OutFiles.Num() == 0)
+		return FReply::Handled();
+	FPluginHost* EffectPlugin = FPluginHostList::Get().TryLoadPlugin(OutFiles[0]);
+	if (!EffectPlugin)
+		return FReply::Handled();
+	MixerTrack->AddEffect(EffectPlugin);
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixerEffectList.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixerEffectList.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d47a795
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixerEffectList.h
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+#include "PluginHost/PluginHost.h"
+
+class SButton;
+class SVerticalBox;
+class SScrollBox;
+class FMixerTrack;
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SMixerEffectList : public SCompoundWidget
+{
+public:
+	~SMixerEffectList();
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SMixerEffectList)
+		{
+		}
+
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs);
+
+	void SetMixerTrack(FMixerTrack* InMixerTrack);
+private:
+	void OnMixerTrackEffectAdded(FMixerTrack* InMixerTrack, FPluginHost* InPluginHost);
+	void OnMixerTrackEffectRemoved(FPluginHost* InPluginHost);
+	void OnMixerTrackRemoved(FMixerTrack* InMixerTrack);
+	void AddEffectItemWidget(FPluginHost* InPluginHost);
+
+	FReply AddNewEffect();
+	
+	TSharedPtr<SScrollBox> ScrollBox;
+	TSharedPtr<SVerticalBox> VerticalBox;
+	TSharedPtr<SButton> AddEffectButton;
+	FMixerTrack* MixerTrack;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixerTrack.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixerTrack.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cfb4aa7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixerTrack.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SMixerTrack.h"
+
+#include "MultiBoxBuilder.h"
+#include "SBorder.h"
+#include "SlateApplication.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+
+#include "Mixer/MixerTrack.h"
+
+#include "SSlider.h"
+#include "STextBlock.h"
+#include "Singleton/MixerList.h"
+#include "Singleton/PluginHostList.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/SVolumeMeterBar.h"
+#include "Widgets/SBoxPanel.h"
+
+#include "DSP/Dsp.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+#define LOCTEXT_NAMESPACE "SMixerTrack"
+
+void SMixerTrack::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs)
+{
+	MixerTrack = InArgs._MixerTrack;
+	OnClicked = InArgs._OnClicked;
+	FText Name = FText::FromString(MixerTrack->GetName());
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SNew(SOverlay)
+		+SOverlay::Slot()
+		[
+			SAssignNew(Border, SBorder)
+			.Visibility(EVisibility::Collapsed)
+			.BorderImage(&White)
+		]
+
+		+SOverlay::Slot()
+		[
+			SNew(SVerticalBox)
+			+SVerticalBox::Slot()
+			.FillHeight(0.3f)
+			[
+				SNew(STextBlock)
+				.OverflowPolicy(ETextOverflowPolicy::Ellipsis)
+				.Text(Name)
+				.WrapTextAt(1)
+			]
+			+SVerticalBox::Slot()
+			.FillHeight(1.f)
+			[
+				SNew(SHorizontalBox)
+				+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+				[
+					SNew(SVolumeMeterBar)
+					.Width(5)
+					.MinValue(-96.f)
+					.MaxValue(6.f)
+					.MeterValue(this, &SMixerTrack::MeterValue)
+				]
+				+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+				[
+					SNew(SSlider)
+					.Orientation(EOrientation::Orient_Vertical)
+					.MinValue(-96.f)
+					.MaxValue(10.f)
+					.Value(Audio::ConvertToDecibels(MixerTrack->Gain))
+					.OnValueChanged(this, &SMixerTrack::OnVolumeChanged)
+				]
+			]
+		]
+	];
+}
+
+FReply SMixerTrack::OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::LeftMouseButton)
+	{
+		OnClicked.ExecuteIfBound(MixerTrack);
+		return FReply::Handled();
+	}
+	
+	if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::RightMouseButton)
+	{
+		ShowMenu();
+	}
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+void SMixerTrack::SetSelected(bool bInSelected)
+{
+	Border->SetVisibility(bInSelected ? EVisibility::SelfHitTestInvisible : EVisibility::Collapsed);
+}
+
+void SMixerTrack::ShowMenu()
+{
+	FMenuBuilder MenuBuilder(true, nullptr);
+
+	if (MixerTrack->Type == EMixerTrackType::Dummy)
+	{
+		MenuBuilder.AddMenuEntry(
+			LOCTEXT("DeleteTrack", "删除轨道"),
+			LOCTEXT("DeleteTrack", "删除轨道"),
+			FSlateIcon(),
+			FUIAction(FExecuteAction::CreateRaw(this, &SMixerTrack::DeleteTrack))
+		);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		MenuBuilder.AddMenuEntry(
+			LOCTEXT("DeleteTrack", "删除乐器轨道"),
+			LOCTEXT("DeleteTrack", "删除乐器轨道(这将会导致删除乐器)"),
+			FSlateIcon(),
+			FUIAction(FExecuteAction::CreateRaw(this, &SMixerTrack::DeleteInstrument))
+		);
+	}
+	
+	FSlateApplication::Get().PushMenu(
+		AsShared(),
+		FWidgetPath(),
+		MenuBuilder.MakeWidget(),
+		FSlateApplication::Get().GetCursorPos(),
+		FPopupTransitionEffect(FPopupTransitionEffect::ContextMenu)
+	);
+}
+
+void SMixerTrack::DeleteTrack()
+{
+	FMixerList::Get().RemoveTrack(MixerTrack);
+}
+
+void SMixerTrack::DeleteInstrument()
+{
+	FInstrumentMixerTrack* InstrumentMixerTrack = static_cast<FInstrumentMixerTrack*>(MixerTrack);
+	FPluginHostList::Get().RemoveInstrument(InstrumentMixerTrack->GetHost());
+}
+
+TArray<float> SMixerTrack::MeterValue() const
+{
+	TArray<float> Out;
+	Out.Reset(2);
+	for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
+	{
+		Out.Add(MixerTrack->GetPeak(i));
+	}
+	return Out;
+}
+
+void SMixerTrack::OnVolumeChanged(float X)
+{
+	MixerTrack->Gain = Audio::ConvertToLinear(X);
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+#undef LOCTEXT_NAMESPACE
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixerTrack.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixerTrack.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ccbf385
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Mixer/SMixerTrack.h
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+
+class SBorder;
+class SMixer;
+class FMixerTrack;
+
+DECLARE_DELEGATE_OneParam(FMixerTrackEvent, FMixerTrack*)
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SMixerTrack : public SCompoundWidget
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SMixerTrack)
+		{
+		}
+
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(FMixerTrack*, MixerTrack)
+
+	SLATE_EVENT(FMixerTrackEvent, OnClicked)
+
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs);
+
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	
+	FMixerTrack* GetMixerTrack() const { return MixerTrack; }
+
+	void SetSelected(bool bInSelected);
+private:
+	void ShowMenu();
+	void DeleteTrack();
+	void DeleteInstrument();
+	
+	TArray<float> MeterValue() const;
+	void OnVolumeChanged(float X);
+
+	bool LeftMouseButtonDown = false;
+	FMixerTrackEvent OnClicked;
+	FMixerTrack* MixerTrack = nullptr;
+	TSharedPtr<SBorder> Border;
+	FSlateColorBrush White = FSlateColorBrush(FColor::White);
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Pattern/SPatternInstance.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Pattern/SPatternInstance.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..69df8e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Pattern/SPatternInstance.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SPatternInstance.h"
+
+#include "SButton.h"
+#include "SInvalidationPanel.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "STextBlock.h"
+#include "SViewport.h"
+#include "Pattern/PatternInstance.h"
+#include "Render/UpdatableTexture.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/SUpdatableTexture.h"
+#include "Widgets/SBoxPanel.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+void SPatternInstance::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs)
+{
+	PatternInstance = InArgs._PatternInstance;
+	FrameToPixel = InArgs._FrameToPixel;
+	SnapFrame = InArgs._SnapFrame;
+	
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SNew(SOverlay)
+		+SOverlay::Slot()
+		[
+			SNew(SBorder)
+			.BorderBackgroundColor(FLinearColor(0, 0, 0, 0.3f))
+		]
+
+		+SOverlay::Slot()
+		[
+			SNew(SVerticalBox)
+			+SVerticalBox::Slot()
+			.AutoHeight()
+			[
+				SNew(SHorizontalBox)
+				+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+				.AutoWidth()
+				[
+					SNew(SButton)
+					.Text(FText::FromString("X"))
+					.OnClicked(this, &SPatternInstance::OpenPatternMenu)
+				]
+				+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+				.FillWidth(1.f)
+				.VAlign(VAlign_Center)
+				[
+					SNew(STextBlock)
+					.Text(FText::FromString(PatternInstance->GetOwner()->Name))
+					.OverflowPolicy(ETextOverflowPolicy::Ellipsis)
+					.Justification(ETextJustify::Left)
+				]
+			]
+			+SVerticalBox::Slot()
+			.FillHeight(1.f)
+			[
+				InArgs._View
+			]
+		]
+	];
+}
+
+FReply SPatternInstance::OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (ResizeDirection != ResizeDir::None)
+	{
+		FPatternSelector::Get().SelectPatternInstance(PatternInstance);
+		const TRange<AudioFrame>& Range = PatternInstance->TimeRange;
+		BeginPatternStart = Range.GetLowerBoundValue();
+		BeginPatternEnd = Range.GetUpperBoundValue();
+		MouseDownPos = MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition();
+		BeginPatternPos = PatternInstance->Pos;
+		return FReply::Handled().CaptureMouse(AsShared());
+	}
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+FReply SPatternInstance::OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (ResizeDirection != ResizeDir::None)
+	{
+		PatternInstance->RequestEndSetting();
+		return FReply::Handled().ReleaseMouseCapture();
+	}
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+FReply SPatternInstance::OnMouseMove(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	const FVector2f LocalMousePos = MyGeometry.AbsoluteToLocal(MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition());
+	
+	if (MouseEvent.IsMouseButtonDown(EKeys::LeftMouseButton))
+	{
+		const float MouseDelta = (MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition().X - MouseDownPos.X) / MyGeometry.Scale;
+		const float Scaler = FrameToPixel.Get();
+		const bool NoSnap = MouseEvent.GetModifierKeys().IsAltDown();
+		double Delta = MouseDelta / Scaler;
+		if (!NoSnap)
+			Delta = FMath::GridSnap(Delta, SnapFrame.Get());
+
+		switch (ResizeDirection)
+		{
+			case ResizeDir::None: break;
+			case ResizeDir::Left:
+			{
+				AudioFrame NewRangeStart = BeginPatternStart + Delta;
+				AudioFrame NewPos =  BeginPatternPos + Delta;
+				if (NewRangeStart.Pos < 0)
+				{
+					NewPos -= NewRangeStart;
+					NewRangeStart = 0;
+				}
+				if (NewPos.Pos < 0)
+				{
+					NewRangeStart -= NewPos;
+					NewPos = 0;
+				}
+				PatternInstance->TimeRange.SetLowerBoundValue(NewRangeStart);
+				PatternInstance->SetMidiPos(NewPos.Ticks());
+				return FReply::Handled();
+			}
+			case ResizeDir::Right:
+			{
+				const AudioFrame NewRangeEnd = FMath::Max<AudioFrame>(0, BeginPatternEnd + Delta);
+				PatternInstance->TimeRange.SetUpperBoundValue(NewRangeEnd);
+				return FReply::Handled();
+			}
+			default: ;
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		if (LocalMousePos.X <= ResizeHandleSize)
+		{
+			ResizeDirection = ResizeDir::Left;
+		}
+		else if (LocalMousePos.X >= MyGeometry.GetLocalSize().X - ResizeHandleSize)
+		{
+			ResizeDirection = ResizeDir::Right;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			ResizeDirection = ResizeDir::None;
+		}
+		switch (ResizeDirection)
+		{
+			case ResizeDir::None: SetCursor(EMouseCursor::Default); break;
+			case ResizeDir::Left:
+			case ResizeDir::Right: SetCursor(EMouseCursor::ResizeLeftRight);  break;
+			default: ;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Pattern/SPatternInstance.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Pattern/SPatternInstance.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e59905c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Pattern/SPatternInstance.h
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+
+class SUpdatableTexture;
+class FPatternInstance;
+class FUpdatableTexture;
+
+struct FPatternInstanceClickData
+{
+	FPatternInstance* PatternInstance;
+	double MidiTimestampOffset;
+};
+
+DECLARE_DELEGATE_RetVal_OneParam(FReply, FPatternInstanceClickDelegate, FPatternInstanceClickData)
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SPatternInstance : public SCompoundWidget
+{
+public:
+
+	enum class ResizeDir
+	{
+		None,
+		Left,
+		Right,
+	};
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SPatternInstance)
+		{}
+
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(FPatternInstance*, PatternInstance)
+	SLATE_ATTRIBUTE(float, FrameToPixel)
+	
+	SLATE_ATTRIBUTE(AudioFrame, SnapFrame)
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(TSharedRef<SWidget>, View)
+
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs);
+
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnMouseMove(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+
+	FPatternInstance* GetPatternInstance() const { return PatternInstance; }
+	
+	float ResizeHandleSize = 5.f;
+protected:
+	virtual FReply OpenPatternMenu() { return FReply::Unhandled(); }
+	
+	ResizeDir ResizeDirection = ResizeDir::None;
+
+	FPatternInstance* PatternInstance = nullptr;
+	
+	TAttribute<float> FrameToPixel;
+	TAttribute<AudioFrame> SnapFrame;
+	
+	FVector2f MouseDownPos; // 屏幕坐标
+	AudioFrame BeginPatternEnd;
+	AudioFrame BeginPatternStart;
+	AudioFrame BeginPatternPos;
+
+	mutable FVector2f LastSize;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Pattern/SWaveformPatternInstance.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Pattern/SWaveformPatternInstance.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dd92109
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Pattern/SWaveformPatternInstance.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#include "SWaveformPatternInstance.h"
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Pattern/SWaveformPatternInstance.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Pattern/SWaveformPatternInstance.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..50d83cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Pattern/SWaveformPatternInstance.h
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "SPatternInstance.h"
+
+class ARONA_API SWaveformPatternInstance : public SPatternInstance
+{
+public:
+	
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SMidiPatternThumbnail.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SMidiPatternThumbnail.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6721065
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SMidiPatternThumbnail.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SMidiPatternThumbnail.h"
+
+#include "SInvalidationPanel.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "Render/UpdatableTexture.h"
+#include "Pattern/MidiPattern.h"
+#include "PluginHost/PluginHost.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/SUpdatableImage.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/Thumbnail.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+
+SMidiPatternThumbnail::~SMidiPatternThumbnail()
+{
+	if (FMidiPattern* Pattern = (FMidiPattern*)GetPattern())
+		Pattern->OnChanged.RemoveAll(this);
+}
+
+void SMidiPatternThumbnail::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs)
+{
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SNew(SInvalidationPanel)
+		[
+			SAssignNew(UpdatableImage, SUpdatableImage)
+			.OnPostResize(this, &SMidiPatternThumbnail::UpdateMidiThumbnail)
+		]
+	];
+}
+
+void SMidiPatternThumbnail::Redraw()
+{
+	OnChanged(nullptr, nullptr);
+}
+
+void SMidiPatternThumbnail::OnPatternChanged(FPattern* OldPattern, FPattern* NewPattern)
+{
+	FMidiPattern* OldMidiPattern = (FMidiPattern*)OldPattern;
+	FMidiPattern* NewMidiPattern = (FMidiPattern*)NewPattern;
+	check(NewPattern->Type == EPatternType::Midi)
+	
+	if (OldMidiPattern)
+		OldMidiPattern->OnChanged.RemoveAll(this);
+	
+	if (!NewMidiPattern)
+		return;
+	NewMidiPattern->OnChanged_MainThread.AddRaw(this, &SMidiPatternThumbnail::OnChanged);
+}
+
+void SMidiPatternThumbnail::OnChanged(FPluginHost* Host, FMidiMessageSequence* Changed)
+{
+	if (!GetPattern())
+		return;
+	UpdatableImage->NeedRedraw();
+}
+
+void SMidiPatternThumbnail::UpdateMidiThumbnail(FImageData& ImageData)
+{
+	if (!GetPattern())
+		return;
+	
+	ImageData.ClearColor(FColor::Black);
+	FMidiPattern* Pattern = (FMidiPattern*)GetPattern();
+	Thumbnail::GenerateMidiPatternThumbnail(Pattern, ImageData, FColor::White);
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SMidiPatternThumbnail.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SMidiPatternThumbnail.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bad1fef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SMidiPatternThumbnail.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+#include "SPatternThumbnail.h"
+
+class SUpdatableImage;
+struct FImageData;
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SMidiPatternThumbnail : public SPatternThumbnail
+{
+public:
+	~SMidiPatternThumbnail();
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SMidiPatternThumbnail)
+	{
+	}
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs);
+	virtual void Redraw() override;
+protected:
+	void OnPatternChanged(FPattern* OldPattern, FPattern* NewPattern);
+private:
+	void OnChanged(FPluginHost* Host, FMidiMessageSequence* Changed);
+	void UpdateMidiThumbnail(FImageData& ImageData);
+
+	TSharedPtr<SUpdatableImage> UpdatableImage;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SPatternSelector.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SPatternSelector.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc94e7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SPatternSelector.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SPatternSelector.h"
+
+#include "SPatternThumbnail.h"
+#include "SInvalidationPanel.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "SMenuAnchor.h"
+#include "SScrollBox.h"
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/ChannelRack/ChannelRackMidiThumbnail.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+void SPatternSelector::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs)
+{
+	FPatternSelector::Get().OnPatternSelected.AddRaw(this, &SPatternSelector::OnPatternSelected);
+	FPatternSelector::Get().OnPatternDeselected.AddRaw(this, &SPatternSelector::OnPatternDeselected);
+	PatternList = SNew(SScrollBox);
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SAssignNew(MenuAnchor, SMenuAnchor)
+		.OnGetMenuContent(this, &SPatternSelector::CreatePatternList)
+		.Placement(EMenuPlacement::MenuPlacement_ComboBox)
+		[
+			SAssignNew(SelectPatternName, STextBlock)
+		]
+	];
+
+	FMidiSequencer::Get().OnNewPattern.AddRaw(this, &SPatternSelector::OnNewPattern);
+	FMidiSequencer::Get().OnDeletePattern.AddRaw(this, &SPatternSelector::OnDeletePattern);
+
+	for (FPattern* MidiPattern : FMidiSequencer::Get().GetPattern(EPatternType::Midi))
+	{
+		OnNewPattern(MidiPattern);
+	}
+}
+
+FReply SPatternSelector::OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::LeftMouseButton)
+	{
+		MenuAnchor->SetIsOpen(true);
+	}
+	return SCompoundWidget::OnMouseButtonDown(MyGeometry, MouseEvent);
+}
+
+void SPatternSelector::OnPatternSelected(FPattern* Pattern)
+{
+	SelectPatternName->SetText(FText::FromString(Pattern->Name));
+	MenuAnchor->SetIsOpen(false);
+	FPatternSelector::Get().SelectPattern(Pattern);
+}
+
+void SPatternSelector::OnPatternDeselected(FPattern* Pattern)
+{
+	SelectPatternName->SetText(FText::FromString("无"));
+}
+
+void SPatternSelector::OnNewPattern(FPattern* Pattern)
+{
+	const TSharedRef<SAutoPatternThumbnail> PatternThumbnail = SNew(SAutoPatternThumbnail, Pattern);
+	PatternThumbnail->OnPatternClicked.AddRaw(this, &SPatternSelector::OnPatternSelected);
+	PatternList->AddSlot()
+	.HAlign(HAlign_Fill)
+	[
+		PatternThumbnail
+	];
+}
+
+void SPatternSelector::OnDeletePattern(FPattern* Pattern)
+{
+	const TSharedPtr<SScrollPanel>& ScrollPanel = PatternList->GetScrollPanel();
+	FChildren* Children = ScrollPanel->GetChildren();
+	for (int32 i = 0; i < Children->Num(); ++i)
+	{
+		TSharedRef<SWidget> Child = Children->GetChildAt(i);
+		TSharedRef<SAutoPatternThumbnail> ThumbnailWidget = StaticCastSharedRef<SAutoPatternThumbnail>(Child);
+		if (ThumbnailWidget->GetPattern() == Pattern)
+		{
+			PatternList->RemoveSlot(Child);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+TSharedRef<SWidget> SPatternSelector::CreatePatternList()
+{
+	return PatternList.ToSharedRef();
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SPatternSelector.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SPatternSelector.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e35f72a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SPatternSelector.h
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+
+class STextBlock;
+class SAutoPatternThumbnail;
+class SPatternThumbnail;
+class SMidiPatternThumbnail;
+class SScrollBox;
+class SMenuAnchor;
+class FPattern;
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SPatternSelector : public SCompoundWidget
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SPatternSelector)
+		{
+		}
+
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs);
+
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+private:
+	void OnPatternSelected(FPattern* Pattern);
+	void OnPatternDeselected(FPattern* Pattern);
+
+	void OnNewPattern(FPattern* Pattern);
+	void OnDeletePattern(FPattern* Pattern);
+	
+	TSharedRef<SWidget> CreatePatternList();
+
+	TSharedPtr<SMenuAnchor> MenuAnchor;
+	TSharedPtr<SScrollBox> PatternList;
+	TSharedPtr<STextBlock> SelectPatternName;
+	
+	TSharedPtr<SAutoPatternThumbnail> Thumbnail;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SPatternThumbnail.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SPatternThumbnail.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd31a34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SPatternThumbnail.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SPatternThumbnail.h"
+
+#include "SInvalidationPanel.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "SMidiPatternThumbnail.h"
+#include "SSamplePatternThumbnail.h"
+#include "STextBlock.h"
+#include "Pattern/Pattern.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+void SNullPatternThumbnail::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FText InText)
+{
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SNew(STextBlock)
+		.Justification(ETextJustify::Center)
+		.Text(InText)
+	];
+}
+
+TSharedRef<SPatternThumbnail> SNullPatternThumbnail::Create(FText InText)
+{
+	return SNew(SNullPatternThumbnail, InText);
+}
+
+void SAutoPatternThumbnail::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FPattern* InPattern)
+{
+	SetPattern(InPattern);
+}
+
+void SAutoPatternThumbnail::SetPattern(FPattern* InPattern)
+{
+	Pattern = InPattern;
+	ChildSlot.DetachWidget();
+	Thumbnail = CreateThumbnail(InPattern);
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SNew(SInvalidationPanel)
+		[
+			Thumbnail.ToSharedRef()
+		]
+	];
+	Thumbnail->Redraw();
+}
+
+FReply SAutoPatternThumbnail::OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::LeftMouseButton && Thumbnail.IsValid())
+	{
+		if (Thumbnail->GetPattern())
+		{
+			OnPatternClicked.Broadcast(Thumbnail->GetPattern());
+		}
+	}
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+FVector2D SAutoPatternThumbnail::ComputeDesiredSize(float LayoutScaleMultiplier) const
+{
+	return FVector2D(0, 36) * LayoutScaleMultiplier;
+}
+
+TSharedPtr<SPatternThumbnail> SAutoPatternThumbnail::CreateThumbnail(FPattern* InPattern)
+{
+	TSharedPtr<SPatternThumbnail> Out;
+	if (!InPattern)
+	{
+		Out = SNullPatternThumbnail::Create(FText::FromString(TEXT("Null Pattern")));
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		switch (Pattern->Type)
+		{
+		case EPatternType::Midi:
+			SAssignNew(Out, SMidiPatternThumbnail);
+			break;
+		case EPatternType::Automation:
+			break;
+		case EPatternType::Sample:
+			SAssignNew(Out, SSamplePatternThumbnail, static_cast<FSamplePattern*>(InPattern)->GetSampler());
+			break;
+		default: ;
+		}
+	}
+	Out->SetPattern(InPattern);
+	return Out;
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SPatternThumbnail.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SPatternThumbnail.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d505f44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SPatternThumbnail.h
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+
+class FMidiMessageSequence;
+class FPluginHost;
+class FPattern;
+
+class ARONA_API SPatternThumbnail : public SCompoundWidget
+{
+public:
+	void SetPattern(FPattern* InPattern) { OnPatternChanged(CurrentPattern, InPattern); CurrentPattern = InPattern; }
+	FPattern* GetPattern() const { return CurrentPattern; }
+	virtual void Redraw() {}
+
+	TRange<MidiTick> MidiTickRange;
+protected:
+	virtual void OnPatternChanged(FPattern* OldPattern, FPattern* NewPattern) {}
+private:
+	FPattern* CurrentPattern = nullptr;
+};
+
+class ARONA_API SNullPatternThumbnail : public SPatternThumbnail
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SNullPatternThumbnail)
+	{
+	}
+
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FText InText);
+
+	static TSharedRef<SPatternThumbnail> Create(FText InText);
+};
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SAutoPatternThumbnail : public SCompoundWidget
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SAutoPatternThumbnail)
+	{
+	}
+
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FPattern* InPattern);
+
+	void SetPattern(FPattern* InPattern);
+	FPattern* GetPattern() const { return Pattern; }
+
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual FVector2D ComputeDesiredSize(float LayoutScaleMultiplier) const override;
+	FPatternDelegate OnPatternClicked;
+private:
+	TSharedPtr<SPatternThumbnail> CreateThumbnail(FPattern* InPattern);
+	
+	TSharedPtr<SPatternThumbnail> Thumbnail;
+	FPattern* Pattern = nullptr;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SSamplePatternThumbnail.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SSamplePatternThumbnail.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca59cbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SSamplePatternThumbnail.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SSamplePatternThumbnail.h"
+
+#include "Async.h"
+#include "SlateApplication.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "ExecutionTime.h"
+#include "Pattern/SamplePatternInstance.h"
+#include "PluginHost/Sampler.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/SUpdatableImage.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/Thumbnail.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+TArray<float> FSampleWaveformHandle::GetWaveform(int32 SizeX) const
+{
+	
+	const FSampler* Sampler = SampleInstance->GetInstanceOwner()->GetSampler();
+	TArray<TArray64<float>> Copy = Sampler->GetSampleBuffer(); // 拷贝以防在渲染时被修改
+	uint32 Count = Sampler->GetFrameCount();
+	TRange<uint32> Range = SampleInstance->GetRange();
+	return Thumbnail::GenerateWaveformData(SizeX, Copy, Count, Range);
+}
+
+void SSamplePatternThumbnail::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FSampler* InSampler)
+{
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		
+	];
+}
+
+void SSamplePatternThumbnail::Redraw()
+{
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SSamplePatternThumbnail.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SSamplePatternThumbnail.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..92a14df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PatternThumbnail/SSamplePatternThumbnail.h
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+#include "SPatternThumbnail.h"
+#include "Render/UpdatableTexture.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/WaveformViewer.h"
+
+class FSampler;
+
+
+class FSampleWaveformHandle : public IWaveformHandle
+{
+public:
+	FSamplePatternInstance* SampleInstance = nullptr;
+	virtual TArray<float> GetWaveform(int32 SizeX) const override;
+};
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SSamplePatternThumbnail : public SPatternThumbnail
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SSamplePatternThumbnail)
+		{}
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FSampler* InSampler);
+
+	virtual void Redraw() override;
+private:
+	FSampleWaveformHandle* WaveformHandle = nullptr;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4e6fad8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#include "PianoRollEditTool.h"
+
+#include "PluginHost/PluginHost.h"
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool::OnActive(FPianoRollEdit& Edit)
+{
+	PluginHost = Edit.GetPluginHost();
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool::Clear(FPianoRollEdit& Edit)
+{
+	PluginHost = nullptr;
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool::PlaySelected(FPianoRollEdit& Edit)
+{
+	if (!PluginHost)
+		return;
+	
+	TArray<int32> Notes;
+	for (const FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* Selected : Edit.Selector.GetSelectedMidiMessages())
+	{
+		if (!Selected->noteOffObject)
+			continue;
+		if (Notes.Contains(Selected->message.getNoteNumber()))
+			continue;
+			
+		FMidiMessage NoteOn = Selected->message;
+		FMidiMessage NoteOff = Selected->noteOffObject->message;
+		Notes.Add(NoteOn.getNoteNumber());
+			
+		PluginHost->IncomingMidi.addEvent(NoteOn, 0);
+		PluginHost->IncomingMidi.addEvent(NoteOff, 0);
+	}
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool::StopSelected(FPianoRollEdit& Edit)
+{
+	if (!PluginHost)
+		return;
+	
+	TArray<int32> Notes;
+	for (const FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* Selected : Edit.Selector.GetSelectedMidiMessages())
+	{
+		if (!Selected->noteOffObject)
+			continue;
+		if (Notes.Contains(Selected->message.getNoteNumber()))
+			continue;
+			
+		FMidiMessage NoteOff = Selected->noteOffObject->message;
+		Notes.Add(Selected->message.getNoteNumber());
+			
+		PluginHost->IncomingMidi.addEvent(NoteOff, 0);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f1a32ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool.h
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "Reply.h"
+#include "WidgetStyle.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/PianoRollEdit.h"
+
+class FPianoRollEditTool
+{
+public:
+	FPianoRollEditTool(EPianoRollToolType InToolType) : PluginHost(nullptr), ToolType(InToolType)
+	{
+	}
+
+	virtual ~FPianoRollEditTool() = default;
+
+	virtual void OnActive(FPianoRollEdit& Edit);
+	virtual void Clear(FPianoRollEdit& Edit);
+
+	virtual void OnMouseButtonDown(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) { }
+	virtual void OnMouseButtonUp(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) { }
+	virtual void OnMouseMove(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) { }
+
+	virtual void OnBeginDrag(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, FVector2f InMouseStartPos) { }
+	virtual void OnEndDrag(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, FVector2f InMouseEndPos) { }
+
+	virtual int32 OnPaint(const FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const { return LayerId; }
+	
+	EPianoRollToolType GetToolType() const { return ToolType; }
+	FPluginHost* GetPluginHost() const { return PluginHost; }
+protected:
+	void PlaySelected(FPianoRollEdit& Edit);
+	void StopSelected(FPianoRollEdit& Edit);
+private:
+	FPluginHost* PluginHost;
+	EPianoRollToolType ToolType;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_DragView.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_DragView.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e92248
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_DragView.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#include "PianoRollEditTool_DragView.h"
+
+#include "SlateApplication.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/SPianoRollPanel.h"
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_DragView::OnActive(FPianoRollEdit& Edit)
+{
+	FPianoRollEditTool::OnActive(Edit);
+	const TSharedPtr<SPianoRollPanel> Panel = Edit.PianoRollPanel.Pin();
+	OriginalRange = Panel->TimeRange;
+	OriginalMousePos = FSlateApplication::Get().GetCursorPos();
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_DragView::OnMouseButtonDown(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry,
+                                                      const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	OriginalMousePos = MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition();
+	const TSharedPtr<SPianoRollPanel> Panel = Edit.PianoRollPanel.Pin();
+	OriginalRange = Panel->TimeRange;
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_DragView::OnMouseMove(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry,
+                                                const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (!MouseEvent.IsMouseButtonDown(EKeys::RightMouseButton))
+		return;
+	
+	const FVector2f MouseCurrentPos = MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition();
+	TSharedPtr<SPianoRollPanel> Panel = Edit.PianoRollPanel.Pin();
+	const FVector2f Delta = MouseCurrentPos - OriginalMousePos;
+	const double TickDelta = Delta.X / Panel->FrameToPixel / MyGeometry.Scale;
+
+	const AudioFrame Lower = FMath::Max<AudioFrame>(0, OriginalRange.GetLowerBoundValue() - TickDelta);
+	const AudioFrame Upper = FMath::Max<AudioFrame>(OriginalRange.Size<double>(), OriginalRange.GetUpperBoundValue() - TickDelta);
+	Panel->OnTargetRangeChanged.ExecuteIfBound(TRange<AudioFrame>(Lower, Upper));
+	Panel->OnYRequestUpdate.ExecuteIfBound(-MouseEvent.GetCursorDelta().Y / MyGeometry.Scale);
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_DragView::OnBeginDrag(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, FVector2f InMouseStartPos)
+{
+	OriginalMousePos = FSlateApplication::Get().GetCursorPos();
+	const TSharedPtr<SPianoRollPanel> Panel = Edit.PianoRollPanel.Pin();
+	OriginalRange = Panel->TimeRange;
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_DragView.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_DragView.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a2ec4a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_DragView.h
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "PianoRollEditTool.h"
+
+class FPianoRollEditTool_DragView : public FPianoRollEditTool
+{
+public:
+	FPianoRollEditTool_DragView() : FPianoRollEditTool(EPianoRollToolType::DragView)
+	{
+	}
+
+	virtual void OnActive(FPianoRollEdit& Edit) override;
+	virtual void OnMouseButtonDown(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual void OnMouseMove(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual void OnBeginDrag(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, FVector2f InMouseStartPos) override;
+private:
+	TRange<AudioFrame> OriginalRange;
+	FVector2f OriginalMousePos;
+	float OriginalYOffset = 0;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_Select.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_Select.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8796ba9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_Select.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+#include "PianoRollEditTool_Select.h"
+
+#include "SlateApplication.h"
+#include "PluginHost/PluginHost.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/SPianoRollPanel.h"
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_Select::Clear(FPianoRollEdit& Edit)
+{
+	FPianoRollEditTool::Clear(Edit);
+	RectSelecting = false;
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_Select::OnMouseButtonDown(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry,
+                                                    const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::LeftMouseButton)
+		RectSelecting = true;
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_Select::OnMouseButtonUp(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry,
+	const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::LeftMouseButton)
+		RectSelecting = false;
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_Select::OnMouseMove(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry,
+	const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	MouseCurrentPos = MyGeometry.AbsoluteToLocal(MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition());
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_Select::OnEndDrag(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, FVector2f InMouseEndPos)
+{
+	Edit.Selector.UnSelect();
+	
+	const TSharedPtr<SPianoRollPanel> Panel = Edit.PianoRollPanel.Pin();
+	const FVector2f& MouseDownPos = Edit.GetMouseDownPos();
+
+	TArray<FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder*> InRectMidiMessages;
+	const int MouseDownNote = FMath::Abs(Panel->HeightToNoteNumber(MouseDownPos.Y));
+	const int MouseUpNote = FMath::Abs(Panel->HeightToNoteNumber(InMouseEndPos.Y));
+		
+	const TRange<int> NoteRange(MouseUpNote, MouseDownNote);
+	const TRange<AudioFrame> MouseMidiTickRange(Panel->PixelToFrame(MouseDownPos.X), Panel->PixelToFrame(InMouseEndPos.X));
+
+	FMidiMessageSequence* MidiEventHolders = Edit.GetMidiMessageSequence();
+	for (FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* MidiMessage : *MidiEventHolders)
+	{
+		if (!MidiMessage->message.isNoteOn())
+			continue;
+		
+		// 如果MidiMessage的时间戳大于选择框的结束时间，那么就不需要再遍历了
+		if (MidiMessage->message.getTimeStamp() > MouseMidiTickRange.GetUpperBoundValue())
+			break;
+		
+		const double NoteOnTime = MidiMessage->message.getTimeStamp();
+		const double Duration = MidiMessage->getDuration();
+		
+		if (!MouseMidiTickRange.Contains(NoteOnTime) && !MouseMidiTickRange.Contains(NoteOnTime + Duration))
+			continue;
+		
+		const int NoteNumber = MidiMessage->message.getNoteNumber();
+		if (!NoteRange.Contains(NoteNumber))
+			continue;
+		
+		InRectMidiMessages.Add(MidiMessage);
+	}
+
+	Edit.Selector.SelectMidiMessage(InRectMidiMessages);
+	PlaySelected(Edit);
+}
+
+int32 FPianoRollEditTool_Select::OnPaint(const FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry,
+                                         const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId,
+                                         const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const
+{
+	if (!RectSelecting)
+		return LayerId;
+	// 绘制选择框
+	const FVector2f& MouseDownPos = Edit.GetMouseDownPos();
+	const FVector2f RectStart = FVector2f(MouseDownPos.X, MouseDownPos.Y);
+	const FVector2f RectEnd = FVector2f(MouseCurrentPos.X, MouseCurrentPos.Y);
+	
+	// Draw Line
+	TArray<FVector2f> Points;
+	Points.Add(RectStart);
+	Points.Add(FVector2f(RectEnd.X, RectStart.Y));
+	Points.Add(RectEnd);
+	Points.Add(FVector2f(RectStart.X, RectEnd.Y));
+	Points.Add(RectStart);
+	FSlateDrawElement::MakeLines(
+		OutDrawElements,
+		++LayerId,
+		AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry(),
+		Points,
+		ESlateDrawEffect::None,
+		FLinearColor::Red,
+		true,
+		1
+	);
+	
+	return LayerId;
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_Select.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_Select.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..28e7b75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_Select.h
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "PianoRollEditTool.h"
+
+class FPianoRollEditTool_Select : public FPianoRollEditTool
+{
+public:
+	FPianoRollEditTool_Select() : FPianoRollEditTool(EPianoRollToolType::Select)
+	{
+	}
+
+	virtual void Clear(FPianoRollEdit& Edit) override;
+	virtual void OnMouseButtonDown(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual void OnMouseButtonUp(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual void OnMouseMove(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual void OnEndDrag(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, FVector2f InMouseEndPos) override;
+	
+	virtual int32 OnPaint(const FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const override;
+private:
+	bool RectSelecting = false;
+	FVector2f MouseCurrentPos;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_Write.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_Write.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b19f0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_Write.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+#include "PianoRollEditTool_Write.h"
+
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+#include "PluginHost/PluginHost.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/SPianoRollPanel.h"
+
+FPianoRollEditTool_Write::FPianoRollEditTool_Write(): FPianoRollEditTool(EPianoRollToolType::Write), Channel(1),
+                                                      Velocity(1), NoteLength(FMidiSequencer::Get().GetBeat())
+{
+	TempSelector.OnMidiMessageSelected.AddRaw(this, &FPianoRollEditTool_Write::OnMidiMessageSelected);
+	TempSelector.OnMidiMessageUnSelected.AddRaw(this, &FPianoRollEditTool_Write::OnMidiMessageUnSelected);
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_Write::OnActive(FPianoRollEdit& Edit)
+{
+	FPianoRollEditTool::OnActive(Edit);
+	Edit.Selector.OnMidiMessageSelected.AddRaw(this, &FPianoRollEditTool_Write::OnMidiMessageSelected);
+	Edit.Selector.OnMidiMessageUnSelected.AddRaw(this, &FPianoRollEditTool_Write::OnMidiMessageUnSelected);
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_Write::Clear(FPianoRollEdit& Edit)
+{
+	FPianoRollEditTool::Clear(Edit);
+	HasDeleteNote = false;
+	TempSelector.UnSelect();
+	
+	Edit.Selector.OnMidiMessageSelected.RemoveAll(this);
+	Edit.Selector.OnMidiMessageUnSelected.RemoveAll(this);
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_Write::OnMouseButtonDown(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	HasDeleteNote = false;
+	if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::LeftMouseButton)
+	{
+		LeftMouseButton(Edit);
+	}
+	
+	if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::RightMouseButton)
+	{
+		RightMouseButton(Edit);
+	}
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_Write::OnMouseButtonUp(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::RightMouseButton && !HasDeleteNote)
+		Edit.Selector.UnSelect();
+	TempSelector.UnSelect();
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_Write::OnMouseMove(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	const FGeometry& TickSpaceGeometry = MyGeometry;
+	const auto& CursorPos = MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition();
+	const auto& LocalPos = TickSpaceGeometry.AbsoluteToLocal(CursorPos);
+	const TSharedPtr<SPianoRollPanel> Panel = Edit.PianoRollPanel.Pin();
+	
+	if (MouseEvent.IsMouseButtonDown(EKeys::LeftMouseButton))
+	{
+		const int MouseNote = Panel->HeightToNoteNumber(LocalPos.Y);
+		const AudioFrame& NewFrame = Panel->PixelToFrame(LocalPos.X);
+		UpdateTempSelector(Edit, MouseNote, NewFrame.Ticks());
+		UpdateSelector(Edit, MouseNote, NewFrame.Ticks());
+	}
+
+	if (MouseEvent.IsMouseButtonDown(EKeys::RightMouseButton))
+	{
+		RightMouseButton(Edit);
+	}
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_Write::OnMidiMessageSelected(FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* MidiEventHolder)
+{
+	PlayNote(MidiEventHolder->message.getNoteNumber());
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_Write::OnMidiMessageUnSelected(FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* MidiEventHolder)
+{
+	StopNote(MidiEventHolder->message.getNoteNumber());
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_Write::PlayNote(int32 Note)
+{
+	if (GetPluginHost())
+		GetPluginHost()->IncomingMidi.addEvent(FMidiMessage::noteOn(Channel, Note, Velocity));
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_Write::StopNote(int32 Note)
+{
+	if (GetPluginHost())
+		GetPluginHost()->IncomingMidi.addEvent(FMidiMessage::noteOff(Channel, Note, Velocity));
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_Write::LeftMouseButton(FPianoRollEdit& Edit)
+{
+	FPianoRollSelector& Selector = Edit.Selector;
+	const MidiTick SnapMidiTimestamp = Edit.GetSnapFrame();
+	
+	if (const FNoteSelectData& SelectedNote = Edit.GetMidiMessageUnderMouse())
+	{
+		FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* MidiEventHolder = SelectedNote.MidiMessage;
+		const int BasePitch = MidiEventHolder->message.getNoteNumber();
+		const double MidiTimestampDelta = SelectedNote.MidiTimestampOffset;
+		const double BaseMidiTimestamp = MidiEventHolder->message.getTimeStamp();
+		Channel = MidiEventHolder->message.getChannel();
+		Velocity = MidiEventHolder->message.getFloatVelocity();
+		NoteLength = MidiEventHolder->noteOffObject ? MidiEventHolder->noteOffObject->message.getTimeStamp() - BaseMidiTimestamp : 0;
+		
+		if (Selector.IsSelected(MidiEventHolder))
+		{
+			Selector.BeginDrag(BasePitch, MidiTimestampDelta, SnapMidiTimestamp, BaseMidiTimestamp);
+			Selector.ResetAnchorPoint();
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			Selector.UnSelect();
+			TempSelector.UnSelect();
+			TempSelector.AddMidiMessage(MidiEventHolder);
+			TempSelector.BeginDrag(BasePitch, MidiTimestampDelta, SnapMidiTimestamp, BaseMidiTimestamp);
+			TempSelector.ResetAnchorPoint();
+		}
+		return;
+	}
+
+	Selector.UnSelect();
+	
+	const int32 NoteNumberUnderMouse = Edit.GetNoteNumberUnderMouse();
+	const MidiTick MidiTickUnderMouse = Edit.GetAudioFrameUnderMouse();
+	const MidiTick TimestampDelta = MidiTickUnderMouse % SnapMidiTimestamp;
+	const MidiTick SnapMidiTick = MidiTickUnderMouse - TimestampDelta;
+	
+	const FMidiMessage& NoteOn = FMidiMessage::noteOn(Channel, NoteNumberUnderMouse, Velocity);
+	FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* MidiEventHolder = Edit.GetMidiMessageSequence()->addEvent(NoteOn, SnapMidiTick);
+	if (NoteLength > 0)
+		MidiEventHolder->noteOffObject = Edit.GetMidiMessageSequence()->addEvent(FMidiMessage::noteOff(Channel, NoteNumberUnderMouse, Velocity), SnapMidiTick + NoteLength);
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_Write::RightMouseButton(FPianoRollEdit& Edit)
+{
+	if (const FNoteSelectData& SelectedNote = Edit.GetMidiMessageUnderMouse())
+	{
+		Edit.Selector.UnSelect(SelectedNote.MidiMessage);
+		Edit.SetModified(true);
+		FMidiMessageSequence* Sequence = Edit.GetMidiMessageSequence();
+		const int NoteIndex = Sequence->getIndexOf(SelectedNote.MidiMessage);
+		Sequence->deleteEvent(NoteIndex, true);
+		HasDeleteNote = true;
+	}
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_Write::UpdateTempSelector(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, int32 NewNote, MidiTick NewTick)
+{
+	if (TempSelector.Num() == 0)
+		return;
+
+	const int32 LastNote = TempSelector.GetSelectedMidiMessages()[0]->message.getNoteNumber();
+	bool IsModify = TempSelector.SetPitch(NewNote);
+	if (IsModify)
+	{
+		StopNote(LastNote);
+		PlayNote(NewNote);
+	}
+	
+	IsModify |= TempSelector.SetMidiTimestamp(NewTick);
+	if (IsModify)
+	{
+		Edit.SetModified(true);
+	}
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEditTool_Write::UpdateSelector(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, int32 NewNote, MidiTick NewTick)
+{
+	if (Edit.Selector.Num() == 0)
+		return;
+
+	bool IsModify = Edit.Selector.SetPitch(NewNote);
+	IsModify |= Edit.Selector.SetMidiTimestamp(NewTick);
+	
+	if (IsModify)
+	{
+		Edit.SetModified(true);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_Write.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_Write.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44c0e4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_Write.h
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "PianoRollEditTool.h"
+
+class FPianoRollEditTool_Write : public FPianoRollEditTool
+{
+public:
+	FPianoRollEditTool_Write();
+
+	virtual void OnActive(FPianoRollEdit& Edit) override;
+	virtual void Clear(FPianoRollEdit& Edit) override;
+
+	virtual void OnMouseButtonDown(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual void OnMouseButtonUp(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual void OnMouseMove(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	
+	int32 Channel;
+	float Velocity;
+	int64 NoteLength;
+private:
+	void OnMidiMessageSelected(FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* MidiEventHolder);
+	void OnMidiMessageUnSelected(FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* MidiEventHolder);
+
+	void PlayNote(int32 Note);
+	void StopNote(int32 Note);
+
+	void LeftMouseButton(FPianoRollEdit& Edit);
+	void RightMouseButton(FPianoRollEdit& Edit);
+
+	void UpdateTempSelector(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, int32 NewNote, MidiTick NewTick);
+	void UpdateSelector(FPianoRollEdit& Edit, int32 NewNote, MidiTick NewTick);
+
+	bool HasDeleteNote = false;
+
+	FPianoRollSelector TempSelector;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/PianoRollEdit.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/PianoRollEdit.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..50e69c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/PianoRollEdit.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,259 @@
+#include "PianoRollEdit.h"
+
+#include "SlateApplication.h"
+#include "SPianoRollPanel.h"
+#include "Pattern/MidiPattern.h"
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+#include "EditTool/PianoRollEditTool.h"
+#include "EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_DragView.h"
+#include "EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_Select.h"
+#include "EditTool/PianoRollEditTool_Write.h"
+
+FPianoRollEdit::FPianoRollEdit(TSharedRef<SPianoRollPanel> InPianoRollPanel)
+{
+	PianoRollPanel = InPianoRollPanel;
+	
+	EditToolMap.Add(EPianoRollToolType::Write, new FPianoRollEditTool_Write());
+	EditToolMap.Add(EPianoRollToolType::Select, new FPianoRollEditTool_Select());
+	EditToolMap.Add(EPianoRollToolType::DragView, new FPianoRollEditTool_DragView());
+
+	
+	ToolKeyMap.Add(EPianoRollToolType::Select, {EKeys::LeftControl, EKeys::LeftMouseButton});
+	ToolKeyMap.Add(EPianoRollToolType::DragView, {EKeys::LeftShift, EKeys::RightMouseButton});
+	
+
+	CurrentEditTool = EditToolMap[EPianoRollToolType::Write];
+	CurrentEditTool->OnActive(*this);
+	TempTool = nullptr;
+}
+
+FPianoRollEdit::~FPianoRollEdit()
+{
+	for (const auto& Tuple : EditToolMap)
+	{
+		delete Tuple.Value;
+	}
+	EditToolMap.Empty();
+}
+
+FNoteSelectData FPianoRollEdit::GetMidiMessageByPos(FVector2D Pos) const
+{
+	const TSharedPtr<SPianoRollPanel> Panel = PianoRollPanel.Pin();
+	FNoteSelectData OutData;
+	
+	const int Note = Panel->HeightToNoteNumber(Pos.Y);
+	const float& FrameToPixel = Panel->FrameToPixel;
+	const TRange<AudioFrame>& FrameRange = Panel->TimeRange;
+	FMidiMessageSequence* MidiEventHolders = Panel->MidiMessageSequence;
+
+	// UE_LOG(LogTemp, Log, TEXT("Find Note: %s"), *FMidiMessage::getMidiNoteName(Note, true, true, 3));
+	AudioFrame Time = Pos.X / FrameToPixel;
+	Time += FrameRange.GetLowerBoundValue();
+	const MidiTick Ticks = Time.Ticks();
+	for (FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* Holder : *MidiEventHolders)
+	{
+		if (Holder->message.getNoteNumber() != Note)
+			continue;
+		MidiTick BeginMidiTick = FrameRange.GetLowerBoundValue().Ticks();
+		if (Holder->message.getTimeStamp() > BeginMidiTick)
+			break;
+		if (!Holder->message.isNoteOn())
+			continue;
+		if (Ticks < Holder->message.getTimeStamp())
+			continue;
+		
+		const FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* NoteOffHolder = Holder->noteOffObject;
+		if (NoteOffHolder && Ticks > NoteOffHolder->message.getTimeStamp())
+			continue;
+
+		OutData.MidiMessage = Holder;
+		OutData.MidiTimestampOffset = Ticks - (int64)Holder->message.getTimeStamp();
+		return OutData;
+	}
+
+	return OutData;
+}
+
+FNoteSelectData FPianoRollEdit::GetMidiMessageUnderMouse() const
+{
+	const TSharedPtr<SPianoRollPanel> Panel = PianoRollPanel.Pin();
+	const FGeometry& TickSpaceGeometry = Panel->GetTickSpaceGeometry();
+	const auto& LocalPos = TickSpaceGeometry.AbsoluteToLocal(FSlateApplication::Get().GetCursorPos());
+	return GetMidiMessageByPos(LocalPos);
+}
+
+FReply FPianoRollEdit::OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	MouseDownPos = MyGeometry.AbsoluteToLocal(MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition());
+	TryEnableTempTool();
+
+	GetCurrentTool()->OnMouseButtonDown(*this, MyGeometry, MouseEvent);
+	UpdateModified();
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+FReply FPianoRollEdit::OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	const FVector2f MouseUpLocalPos = MyGeometry.AbsoluteToLocal(MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition());
+	
+	// OnEndDrag需要在OnMouseUp之前调用，因为OnMouseUp可能会清除OnMouseDrag
+	if (OnMouseDrag)
+	{
+		OnMouseDrag = false;
+		GetCurrentTool()->OnEndDrag(*this, MouseUpLocalPos);
+		UpdateModified();
+	}
+	
+	{
+		GetCurrentTool()->OnMouseButtonUp(*this, MyGeometry, MouseEvent);
+		UpdateModified();
+	}
+	
+	TryEnableTempTool();
+
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+FReply FPianoRollEdit::OnMouseMove(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	const FGeometry& TickSpaceGeometry = MyGeometry;
+	const auto& CursorPos = MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition();
+	const auto& LocalPos = TickSpaceGeometry.AbsoluteToLocal(CursorPos);
+	TSharedPtr<SPianoRollPanel> Panel = PianoRollPanel.Pin();
+	
+	if (MouseEvent.IsMouseButtonDown(EKeys::LeftMouseButton) && !OnMouseDrag)
+	{
+		OnMouseDrag = true;
+		GetCurrentTool()->OnBeginDrag(*this, LocalPos);
+		UpdateModified();
+	}
+
+	GetCurrentTool()->OnMouseMove(*this, MyGeometry, MouseEvent);
+	UpdateModified();
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+FReply FPianoRollEdit::OnKeyDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& KeyEvent)
+{
+	if (KeyEvent.IsRepeat())
+		return FReply::Handled();
+	PressedKeys.Add(KeyEvent.GetKey());
+	TryEnableTempTool();
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+FReply FPianoRollEdit::OnKeyUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& KeyEvent)
+{
+	if (KeyEvent.IsRepeat())
+		return FReply::Handled();
+	PressedKeys.Remove(KeyEvent.GetKey());
+	TryEnableTempTool();
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+int32 FPianoRollEdit::OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry,
+	const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId,
+	const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const
+{
+	return GetCurrentTool()->OnPaint(*this, Args, AllottedGeometry, MyCullingRect, OutDrawElements, LayerId, InWidgetStyle, bParentEnabled);
+}
+
+int32 FPianoRollEdit::GetNoteNumberByPos(float Height) const
+{
+	const TSharedPtr<SPianoRollPanel> Panel = PianoRollPanel.Pin();
+	return Panel->HeightToNoteNumber(Height);
+}
+
+int32 FPianoRollEdit::GetNoteNumberUnderMouse() const
+{
+	const TSharedPtr<SPianoRollPanel> Panel = PianoRollPanel.Pin();
+	const FGeometry& TickSpaceGeometry = Panel->GetTickSpaceGeometry();
+	const auto& LocalPos = TickSpaceGeometry.AbsoluteToLocal(FSlateApplication::Get().GetCursorPos());
+	return Panel->HeightToNoteNumber(LocalPos.Y);
+}
+
+AudioFrame FPianoRollEdit::GetAudioFrameByPos(float Width) const
+{
+	const TSharedPtr<SPianoRollPanel> Panel = PianoRollPanel.Pin();
+	return Panel->PixelToFrame(Width);
+}
+
+AudioFrame FPianoRollEdit::GetAudioFrameUnderMouse() const
+{
+	const TSharedPtr<SPianoRollPanel> Panel = PianoRollPanel.Pin();
+	const FGeometry& TickSpaceGeometry = Panel->GetTickSpaceGeometry();
+	const auto& LocalPos = TickSpaceGeometry.AbsoluteToLocal(FSlateApplication::Get().GetCursorPos());
+	return Panel->PixelToFrame(LocalPos.X);
+}
+
+AudioFrame FPianoRollEdit::GetSnapFrame() const
+{
+	return FMidiSequencer::Get().GetTicksPerQuarter();
+}
+
+FMidiMessageSequence* FPianoRollEdit::GetMidiMessageSequence() const
+{
+	return PianoRollPanel.Pin()->GetMidiMessageSequence();
+}
+
+FPluginHost* FPianoRollEdit::GetPluginHost() const
+{
+	FMidiMessageSequence* Sequence = GetMidiMessageSequence();
+	if (!Sequence)
+		return nullptr;
+	return Sequence->pattern->GetPluginHost(Sequence);
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEdit::SetTempTool(EPianoRollToolType InToolType)
+{
+	CurrentEditTool->Clear(*this);
+	TempTool = EditToolMap[InToolType];
+	TempTool->OnActive(*this);
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEdit::ClearTempTool()
+{
+	if (TempTool)
+	{
+		TempTool->Clear(*this);
+		TempTool = nullptr;
+		CurrentEditTool->OnActive(*this);
+	}
+}
+
+void FPianoRollEdit::UpdateModified()
+{
+	if (GetModified())
+	{
+		GetMidiMessageSequence()->sortAudioThread();
+		SetModified(false);
+	}
+}
+
+FPianoRollEditTool* FPianoRollEdit::TryEnableTempTool()
+{
+	const TSet<FKey>& PressedMouseButtons = FSlateApplication::Get().GetPressedMouseButtons();
+	for (const auto& Tuple : ToolKeyMap)
+	{
+		const EPianoRollToolType PianoRollTool = Tuple.Key;
+		const TArray<FKey>& Keys = Tuple.Value;
+		bool bAllPressed = true;
+		for (const FKey& ToolKey : Keys)
+		{
+			if (ToolKey.IsMouseButton())
+				bAllPressed = bAllPressed && PressedMouseButtons.Contains(ToolKey);
+			else
+				bAllPressed = bAllPressed && PressedKeys.Contains(ToolKey);
+			if (!bAllPressed)
+				break;
+		}
+		if (bAllPressed)
+		{
+			ClearTempTool();
+			SetTempTool(PianoRollTool);
+			return EditToolMap[PianoRollTool];
+		}
+	}
+	ClearTempTool();
+	return nullptr;
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/PianoRollEdit.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/PianoRollEdit.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..59963d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/PianoRollEdit.h
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "Events.h"
+#include "Geometry.h"
+#include "PaintArgs.h"
+#include "PianoRollSelector.h"
+#include "Reply.h"
+#include "WidgetStyle.h"
+#include "Midi/MidiMessageSequence.h"
+#include "Midi/MidiType.h"
+#include "Midi/Time/TimePos.h"
+class FPluginHost;
+class FPianoRollEditTool;
+class SPianoRollPanel;
+
+enum class EPianoRollToolType
+{
+	Select,
+	Write,
+	DragView,
+	Count
+};
+
+struct FNoteSelectData
+{
+	FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* MidiMessage = nullptr;
+	double MidiTimestampOffset = 0;
+	operator bool() const
+	{
+		return MidiMessage != nullptr;
+	}
+};
+
+class FPianoRollEdit
+{
+public:
+	FPianoRollEdit(TSharedRef<SPianoRollPanel> InPianoRollPanel);
+	~FPianoRollEdit();
+
+	FNoteSelectData GetMidiMessageByPos(FVector2D Pos) const;
+	FNoteSelectData GetMidiMessageUnderMouse() const;
+
+	FReply OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent);
+	FReply OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent);
+	FReply OnMouseMove(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent);
+	FReply OnKeyDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& KeyEvent);
+	FReply OnKeyUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& KeyEvent);
+	int32 OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const;
+
+	int32 GetNoteNumberByPos(float Height) const;
+	int32 GetNoteNumberUnderMouse() const;
+	AudioFrame GetAudioFrameByPos(float Width) const;
+	AudioFrame GetAudioFrameUnderMouse() const;
+	
+	bool IsNoteSelected(FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* MidiMessage) const { return Selector.IsSelected(MidiMessage); }
+	bool IsMultiSelected() const { return Selector.Num() > 1; }
+	FVector2f GetMouseDownPos() const { return MouseDownPos; }
+	void SetModified(bool InHasModified) { HasModified = InHasModified; }
+	bool GetModified() const { return HasModified; }
+	bool IsMouseDragging() const { return OnMouseDrag; }
+	AudioFrame GetSnapFrame() const;
+	FMidiMessageSequence* GetMidiMessageSequence() const;
+	FPluginHost* GetPluginHost() const;
+	
+	void SetTempTool(EPianoRollToolType InToolType);
+	void ClearTempTool();
+
+	FPianoRollSelector Selector;
+	TWeakPtr<SPianoRollPanel> PianoRollPanel;
+protected:
+	bool OnMouseDrag = false;
+private:
+	void UpdateModified();
+	FPianoRollEditTool* TryEnableTempTool();
+	
+	FVector2f MouseDownPos;
+	bool HasModified = false;
+
+	TArray<FKey> PressedKeys;
+
+	FPianoRollEditTool* GetCurrentTool() const { return TempTool ? TempTool : CurrentEditTool; }
+	FPianoRollEditTool* TempTool = nullptr;
+	FPianoRollEditTool* CurrentEditTool = nullptr;
+	TMap<EPianoRollToolType, FPianoRollEditTool*> EditToolMap;
+	TMap<EPianoRollToolType, TArray<FKey>> ToolKeyMap;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/PianoRollSelector.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/PianoRollSelector.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..14a4dba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/PianoRollSelector.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+#include "PianoRollSelector.h"
+
+void FPianoRollSelector::SelectMidiMessage(TArray<FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder*> InMidiMessages)
+{
+	UnSelect();
+	for (auto MidiMessage : InMidiMessages)
+	{
+		FData& D = SelectedMidiMessages.AddDefaulted_GetRef();
+		D.MidiMessage = MidiMessage;
+		D.OriginalPitch = MidiMessage->message.getNoteNumber();
+		D.OriginalMidiTimestamp = MidiMessage->message.getTimeStamp();
+		
+		OnMidiMessageSelected.Broadcast(MidiMessage);
+	}
+}
+
+void FPianoRollSelector::AddMidiMessage(FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* MidiMessage)
+{
+	if (SelectedMidiMessages.Contains(MidiMessage))
+		return;
+	
+	FData& D = SelectedMidiMessages.AddDefaulted_GetRef();
+	D.MidiMessage = MidiMessage;
+	D.OriginalPitch = MidiMessage->message.getNoteNumber();
+	D.OriginalMidiTimestamp = MidiMessage->message.getTimeStamp();
+	
+	OnMidiMessageSelected.Broadcast(MidiMessage);
+}
+
+void FPianoRollSelector::UnSelect()
+{
+	for (const auto& D : SelectedMidiMessages)
+	{
+		OnMidiMessageUnSelected.Broadcast(D.MidiMessage);
+	}
+	SelectedMidiMessages.Reset();
+}
+
+void FPianoRollSelector::UnSelect(FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* MidiMessage)
+{
+	if (SelectedMidiMessages.RemoveAll([&MidiMessage](const FData& Element) { return Element == MidiMessage; }) != 0)
+	{
+		OnMidiMessageUnSelected.Broadcast(MidiMessage);
+	}
+}
+
+bool FPianoRollSelector::SetPitch(int Pitch)
+{
+	const int PitchDelta = Pitch - BasePitch;
+	for (const FData& D : SelectedMidiMessages)
+	{
+		const int NewNoteNumber = D.OriginalPitch + PitchDelta;
+		D.MidiMessage->message.setNoteNumber(NewNoteNumber);
+		if (D.MidiMessage->noteOffObject)
+			D.MidiMessage->noteOffObject->message.setNoteNumber(NewNoteNumber);
+	}
+	
+	if (LastPitch != Pitch)
+	{
+		LastPitch = Pitch;
+		return true;
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+bool FPianoRollSelector::SetMidiTimestamp(MidiTick InMidiTick)
+{
+	MidiTick TimestampOffset = BaseMidiTimestamp - InMidiTick + MidiTimestampDelta; // 点击位置的MidiTick
+	TimestampOffset = FMath::GridSnap<MidiTick>(TimestampOffset, SnapMidiTimestamp);
+
+	for (const FData& D : SelectedMidiMessages)
+	{
+		const double NewTimestamp = FMath::Max(0, D.OriginalMidiTimestamp - TimestampOffset);
+		
+		const double Duration = D.MidiMessage->getDuration();
+		D.MidiMessage->message.setTimeStamp(NewTimestamp);
+		if (D.MidiMessage->noteOffObject)
+			D.MidiMessage->noteOffObject->message.setTimeStamp(NewTimestamp + Duration);
+	}
+
+	if (LastMidiTimestamp != TimestampOffset)
+	{
+		LastMidiTimestamp = TimestampOffset;
+		return true;
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+void FPianoRollSelector::ResetAnchorPoint()
+{
+	for (FData& D : SelectedMidiMessages)
+	{
+		D.OriginalPitch = D.MidiMessage->message.getNoteNumber();
+		D.OriginalMidiTimestamp = D.MidiMessage->message.getTimeStamp();
+	}
+}
+
+bool FPianoRollSelector::IsSelected(FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* MidiMessage) const
+{
+	return SelectedMidiMessages.Contains(MidiMessage);
+}
+
+TArray<FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder*> FPianoRollSelector::GetSelectedMidiMessages() const
+{
+	TArray<FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder*> OutSelectedMidiMessages;
+	for (const FData& D : SelectedMidiMessages)
+	{
+		OutSelectedMidiMessages.Add(D.MidiMessage);
+	}
+	return OutSelectedMidiMessages;
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/PianoRollSelector.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/PianoRollSelector.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e133515
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/PianoRollSelector.h
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "Midi/MidiMessageSequence.h"
+#include "Midi/Time/TimePos.h"
+
+DECLARE_MULTICAST_DELEGATE_OneParam(FMidiMessageDelegate, FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder*)
+
+class FPianoRollSelector
+{
+	struct FData
+	{
+		FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* MidiMessage;
+		int OriginalPitch;
+		double OriginalMidiTimestamp;
+
+		bool operator==(FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* In) const
+		{
+			return MidiMessage == In;
+		}
+	};
+public:
+	void SelectMidiMessage(TArray<FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder*> InMidiMessages);
+	void AddMidiMessage(FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* MidiMessage);
+	void UnSelect();
+	void UnSelect(FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* MidiMessage);
+	
+	void BeginDrag(int InBasePitch, MidiTick InMidiTimestampDelta, MidiTick InSnapMidiTimestamp, MidiTick InBaseMidiTimestamp)
+	{
+		BasePitch = InBasePitch;
+		MidiTimestampDelta = InMidiTimestampDelta;
+		SnapMidiTimestamp = InSnapMidiTimestamp;
+		BaseMidiTimestamp = InBaseMidiTimestamp;
+		
+		LastPitch = InBasePitch;
+		LastMidiTimestamp.Ticks = 0;
+	}
+	void ResetAnchorPoint();
+
+	bool SetPitch(int Pitch);
+	bool SetMidiTimestamp(MidiTick InMidiTick);
+	bool IsSelected(FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* MidiMessage) const;
+	
+	TArray<FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder*> GetSelectedMidiMessages() const;
+	int32 Num() const { return SelectedMidiMessages.Num(); }
+
+	FMidiMessageDelegate OnMidiMessageSelected;
+	FMidiMessageDelegate OnMidiMessageUnSelected;
+private:
+	TArray<FData> SelectedMidiMessages;
+	int32 BasePitch = 0;
+	MidiTick MidiTimestampDelta;
+	MidiTick BaseMidiTimestamp;
+	MidiTick SnapMidiTimestamp;
+	
+	int32 LastPitch = 0;
+	MidiTick LastMidiTimestamp;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/SPianoRollPanel.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/SPianoRollPanel.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..268dc7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/SPianoRollPanel.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SPianoRollPanel.h"
+
+#include "FontMeasure.h"
+#include "SImage.h"
+#include "SlateApplication.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "SScaleBox.h"
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+void SPianoRollPanel::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FMidiMessageSequence* InMidiMessageSequence)
+{
+	FontInfo = InArgs._FontInfo;
+	NoteImage = InArgs._NoteImage;
+	MidiMessageSequence = InMidiMessageSequence;
+	
+	const double MidiDuration = FMath::Min(FMidiSequencer::Get().GetBar() * 2 ,MidiMessageSequence->getEndTime());
+	SequenceWidth = MidiDuration * FrameToPixel;
+	TimeRange = TRange<AudioFrame>(0, MidiDuration);
+	OnTargetRangeChanged = InArgs._OnTargetRangeChanged;
+	OnYRequestUpdate = InArgs._OnYRequestUpdate;
+	OnRequestHScroll = InArgs._OnRequestHScroll;
+	
+	SpacingLineColor = InArgs._SpacingLineColor;
+	NoteColor = InArgs._NoteColor;
+	NoteSelectedColor = InArgs._NoteSelectedColor;
+	NoteTextColor = InArgs._NoteTextColor;
+	SpacingLineThickness = InArgs._SpacingLineThickness;
+	Clipping = EWidgetClipping::ClipToBounds;
+	PianoRollEdit = MakeShareable(new FPianoRollEdit(SharedThis(this)));
+}
+
+int32 SPianoRollPanel::OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect,
+	FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle,
+	bool bParentEnabled) const
+{
+	const float RangeBegin = TimeRange.GetLowerBoundValue();
+	const float RangeEnd = TimeRange.GetUpperBoundValue();
+	if (FMath::IsNaN(RangeBegin) || FMath::IsNaN(RangeEnd))
+		return LayerId;
+	
+	const auto& Size = AllottedGeometry.Size;
+
+	const FMidiSequencer& MidiSequencer = FMidiSequencer::Get();
+	const double CurrentMidiTick = MidiSequencer.FramePos.load().Ticks();
+	const int32 TicksPerQuarter = MidiSequencer.GetTicksPerQuarter();
+	int32 TicksPerBeat = MidiSequencer.GetBeat();
+	int32 TicksPerBar = MidiSequencer.GetBar();
+
+	++LayerId;
+	// 绘制Note间隔线
+	for (int32 i = 0; i < FMidiMessage::MaxNoteNumber + 1; ++i)
+	{
+		TArray<FVector2f> Points;
+		Points.Add(FVector2f(0, i * NoteHeight));
+		Points.Add(FVector2f(SequenceWidth, i * NoteHeight));
+		FSlateDrawElement::MakeLines(
+			OutDrawElements,
+			LayerId,
+			AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry(),
+			Points,
+			ESlateDrawEffect::None,
+			SpacingLineColor,
+			true,
+			SpacingLineThickness
+		);
+	}
+
+	++LayerId;
+	// 绘制节拍线
+	const float Delta = FMath::Fmod(RangeBegin, (float)TicksPerQuarter);
+	for (float i = RangeBegin - Delta; i < RangeEnd; i += TicksPerQuarter)
+	{
+		TArray<FVector2f> Points;
+		Points.Add(FVector2f((i - RangeBegin) * FrameToPixel, 0));
+		Points.Add(FVector2f((i - RangeBegin) * FrameToPixel, Size.Y));
+		FSlateDrawElement::MakeLines(
+			OutDrawElements,
+			LayerId,
+			AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry(),
+			Points,
+			ESlateDrawEffect::None,
+			SpacingLineColor,
+			true,
+			SpacingLineThickness
+		);
+	}
+
+	++LayerId;
+	// 绘制Note
+	{
+		for (const auto& MidiMessage : *MidiMessageSequence)
+		{
+			if (!MidiMessage->message.isNoteOn())
+				continue;
+			double NoteOnTime = MidiMessage->message.getTimeStamp();
+			if (RangeEnd < NoteOnTime)
+				break;
+
+			float NoteOffRealTime;
+			if (MidiMessage->noteOffObject)
+			{
+				NoteOffRealTime = MidiMessage->noteOffObject->message.getTimeStamp();
+				if (RangeBegin > NoteOffRealTime)
+					continue;
+				NoteOffRealTime -= RangeBegin;
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				NoteOffRealTime = 0;
+				if (RangeBegin > NoteOnTime)
+					continue;
+			}
+
+			NoteOnTime -= RangeBegin;
+		
+			const int NoteNumber = MidiMessage->message.getNoteNumber();
+			const float NoteOnX = NoteOnTime * FrameToPixel;
+			const float NoteOffX = NoteOffRealTime * FrameToPixel;
+			const float NoteY = (FMidiMessage::MaxNoteNumber - NoteNumber) * NoteHeight;
+			const float NoteWidth = NoteOffX - NoteOnX;
+			const FSlateLayoutTransform& InLayoutTransform =  FSlateLayoutTransform(FVector2D(NoteOnX, NoteY));
+			// 根据NoteHeight绘制矩形
+			FSlateDrawElement::MakeBox(
+				OutDrawElements,
+				LayerId,
+				AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry(FVector2D(NoteWidth, NoteHeight), InLayoutTransform),
+				NoteImage,
+				ESlateDrawEffect::None,
+				PianoRollEdit->IsNoteSelected(MidiMessage) ? NoteSelectedColor : NoteColor
+			);
+		
+			const FString& NoteName = FMidiMessage::getMidiNoteName(NoteNumber, true, true);
+		
+			// 绘制Note名称
+			FSlateDrawElement::MakeText(
+				OutDrawElements,
+				LayerId,
+				AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry(FVector2D(NoteWidth, NoteHeight), InLayoutTransform),
+				NoteName,
+				FontInfo,
+				ESlateDrawEffect::None,
+				NoteTextColor
+			);
+		}
+	}
+
+	++LayerId;
+	// 绘制当前MidiTick
+	{
+		const float CurrentMidiTickX = (CurrentMidiTick - RangeBegin) * FrameToPixel;
+		TArray<FVector2f> Points;
+		Points.Add(FVector2f(CurrentMidiTickX, 0));
+		Points.Add(FVector2f(CurrentMidiTickX, Size.Y));
+		FSlateDrawElement::MakeLines(
+			OutDrawElements,
+			LayerId,
+			AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry(),
+			Points,
+			ESlateDrawEffect::None,
+			FLinearColor::Red,
+			true,
+			1
+		);
+	}
+
+	LayerId = PianoRollEdit->OnPaint(Args, AllottedGeometry, MyCullingRect, OutDrawElements, LayerId, InWidgetStyle, bParentEnabled);
+	
+	return LayerId;
+}
+
+FReply SPianoRollPanel::OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	return PianoRollEdit->OnMouseButtonDown(MyGeometry, MouseEvent);
+}
+
+FReply SPianoRollPanel::OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	return PianoRollEdit->OnMouseButtonUp(MyGeometry, MouseEvent);
+}
+
+FReply SPianoRollPanel::OnMouseMove(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	return PianoRollEdit->OnMouseMove(MyGeometry, MouseEvent);
+}
+
+FReply SPianoRollPanel::OnKeyDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& InKeyEvent)
+{
+	if (!InKeyEvent.IsRepeat() && InKeyEvent.GetKey() == EKeys::LeftShift)
+		OnRequestHScroll.ExecuteIfBound(true);
+	return PianoRollEdit->OnKeyDown(MyGeometry, InKeyEvent);
+}
+
+FReply SPianoRollPanel::OnKeyUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& InKeyEvent)
+{
+	if (!InKeyEvent.IsRepeat() && InKeyEvent.GetKey() == EKeys::LeftShift)
+		OnRequestHScroll.ExecuteIfBound(false);
+	
+	return PianoRollEdit->OnKeyUp(MyGeometry, InKeyEvent);
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/SPianoRollPanel.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/SPianoRollPanel.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9348de5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/PianoRollPanel/SPianoRollPanel.h
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "PianoRollEdit.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+#include "SLeafWidget.h"
+#include "Midi/MidiMessageSequence.h"
+
+class FMidiMessage;
+class FMidiMessageSequence;
+
+DECLARE_DELEGATE_OneParam(FPianoRollPanelTargetRangeChanged, TRange<AudioFrame>)
+DECLARE_DELEGATE_OneParam(FPianoRollPanelYRequestUpdate, float /*Delta*/)
+DECLARE_DELEGATE_OneParam(FPianoRollPanelRequestHScroll, bool /*Delta*/)
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SPianoRollPanel : public SLeafWidget
+{
+	friend class FPianoRollEdit;
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SPianoRollPanel):
+		_SpacingLineColor(FLinearColor::Gray),
+		_NoteColor(FLinearColor::White),
+		_NoteSelectedColor(FLinearColor::Blue),
+		_NoteTextColor(FLinearColor::Black)
+		{
+		}
+
+	SLATE_EVENT(FPianoRollPanelTargetRangeChanged, OnTargetRangeChanged)
+	SLATE_EVENT(FPianoRollPanelYRequestUpdate, OnYRequestUpdate)
+	SLATE_EVENT(FPianoRollPanelRequestHScroll, OnRequestHScroll)
+
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(const FSlateBrush*, NoteImage)
+	
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(FLinearColor, SpacingLineColor)
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(FLinearColor, NoteColor)
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(FLinearColor, NoteSelectedColor)
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(FLinearColor, NoteTextColor)
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(FSlateFontInfo, FontInfo)
+
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(float, SpacingLineThickness)
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(float, NoteHeight)
+
+	
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FMidiMessageSequence* InMidiMessageSequence);
+
+	virtual int32 OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const override;
+	virtual FVector2D ComputeDesiredSize(float LayoutScaleMultiplier) const override { return FVector2D(SequenceWidth, NoteHeight * 128); }
+
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnMouseMove(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnKeyDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& InKeyEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnKeyUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& InKeyEvent) override;
+	virtual bool SupportsKeyboardFocus() const override { return true; }
+	
+	int HeightToNoteNumber(float Height) const { return FMidiMessage::MaxNoteNumber - Height / NoteHeight + 1; }
+	// double PixelToMidiTick(float Pixel) const { return Pixel / FrameToPixel + TimeRange.GetLowerBoundValue(); }
+	AudioFrame PixelToFrame(float Pixel) const { return Pixel / FrameToPixel + TimeRange.GetLowerBoundValue(); }
+	
+	FMidiMessageSequence* GetMidiMessageSequence() const { return MidiMessageSequence; }
+	
+	TRange<AudioFrame> TimeRange;
+	
+	FPianoRollPanelTargetRangeChanged OnTargetRangeChanged;
+	FPianoRollPanelYRequestUpdate OnYRequestUpdate;
+	FPianoRollPanelRequestHScroll OnRequestHScroll;
+	
+	FLinearColor SpacingLineColor;
+	FLinearColor NoteColor;
+	FLinearColor NoteSelectedColor;
+	FLinearColor NoteTextColor;
+	FSlateFontInfo FontInfo;
+	TSharedPtr<FPianoRollEdit> PianoRollEdit;
+	float SpacingLineThickness = 1.f;
+	float NoteHeight = 20.f;
+	float FrameToPixel = 0.2f;
+private:
+	float SequenceWidth = 100.f;
+	const FSlateBrush* BackgroundImage = nullptr;
+	const FSlateBrush* NoteImage = nullptr;
+	FMidiMessageSequence* MidiMessageSequence = nullptr;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/SPianoKey.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/SPianoKey.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1545cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/SPianoKey.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SPianoKey.h"
+
+#include "FontMeasure.h"
+#include "SlateApplication.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "Midi/MidiMessage.h"
+#include "PluginHost/PluginHost.h"
+#include "UI/Style/AronaStyle.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+bool IsBetweenBlackKey(int32 NoteNumber)
+{
+	return NoteNumber % 12 == 1 || NoteNumber % 12 == 3 || NoteNumber % 12 == 6 || NoteNumber % 12 == 8 || NoteNumber % 12 == 10;
+}
+
+void SPianoKey::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FPluginHost* InPluginHost)
+{
+	PluginHost = InPluginHost;
+	KeyHeight = InArgs._KeyHeight;
+	KeyWidth = InArgs._KeyWidth;
+}
+
+int32 SPianoKey::OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const
+{
+	const FVector2D Size = AllottedGeometry.GetLocalSize();
+	const float BlackKeyHeight = KeyHeight.Get(); // 黑键始终为KeyHeight
+	const float SemitoneHeight = BlackKeyHeight * 1.5f; // 半音高度
+	const float WholeToneHeight = SemitoneHeight * 2; // 全音高度
+	const TSharedRef<FSlateFontMeasure> FontMeasureService = FSlateApplication::Get().GetRenderer()->GetFontMeasureService();
+
+	float CursorY = KeyHeight.Get() * FMidiMessage::MaxNoteNumber - (KeyHeight.Get() * 1.5);
+	FSlateFontInfo SlateFontInfo = FAronaStyle::GetFontInfo(DefaultFontName);
+	// 画白键
+	++LayerId;
+	for (int32 i = 0; i < FMidiMessage::MaxNoteNumber + 1; ++i)
+	{
+		if (FMidiMessage::isMidiNoteBlack(i))
+			continue;
+		const bool IsBetweenBlack = IsBetweenBlackKey(i);
+		const float CurrentKeyHeight = IsBetweenBlack ? SemitoneHeight : WholeToneHeight;
+		const FSlateLayoutTransform& InLayoutTransform = FSlateLayoutTransform(FVector2D(0, CursorY));
+		
+		// 画白键
+		FSlateDrawElement::MakeBox(
+			OutDrawElements,
+			LayerId,
+			AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry(FVector2f(Size.X, CurrentKeyHeight), InLayoutTransform),
+			FAronaStyle::GetSlateBrush(WhiteKey)
+		);
+		CursorY -= CurrentKeyHeight;
+	}
+
+	// 画黑键
+	++LayerId;
+	for (int32 i = 0; i < FMidiMessage::MaxNoteNumber + 1; ++i)
+	{
+		if (FMidiMessage::isMidiNoteWhite(i))
+			continue;
+		const FSlateLayoutTransform& InLayoutTransform = FSlateLayoutTransform(FVector2D(0, (FMidiMessage::MaxNoteNumber - i) * BlackKeyHeight));
+		// AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry(FVector2f(0, (FMidiMessage::MaxNoteNumber - i) * BlackKeyHeight), FVector2f(Size.X * 0.7, BlackKeyHeight))
+		// 画黑键
+		FSlateDrawElement::MakeBox(
+			OutDrawElements,
+			LayerId,
+			AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry(FVector2f(Size.X * 0.7, BlackKeyHeight), InLayoutTransform),
+			FAronaStyle::GetSlateBrush(BlackKey)
+		);
+	}
+
+	++LayerId;
+	// 画字
+	for (int i = 0; i < FMidiMessage::MaxNoteNumber + 1; ++i)
+	{
+		FString MidiNoteName = FMidiMessage::getMidiNoteName(i, true, true);
+		// 计算字体大小 
+		const float FontSize = FontMeasureService->Measure(MidiNoteName, SlateFontInfo).X;
+		const FSlateLayoutTransform& InLayoutTransform = FSlateLayoutTransform(FVector2D(Size.X - FontSize, (FMidiMessage::MaxNoteNumber - i) * BlackKeyHeight));
+		
+		// 画字
+		FSlateDrawElement::MakeText(
+			OutDrawElements,
+			LayerId,
+			AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry(FVector2f(Size.X, BlackKeyHeight), InLayoutTransform),
+			MidiNoteName,
+			SlateFontInfo,
+			ESlateDrawEffect::None,
+			FLinearColor::Black
+		);
+	}
+	return LayerId;
+}
+
+FVector2D SPianoKey::ComputeDesiredSize(float LayoutScaleMultiplier) const
+{
+	return FVector2D(KeyWidth.Get(), KeyHeight.Get() * FMidiMessage::MaxNoteNumber);
+}
+
+FReply SPianoKey::OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::LeftMouseButton)
+	{
+		const FVector2D LocalPos = MyGeometry.AbsoluteToLocal(MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition());
+		const int32 NoteNumber = HeightToNoteNumber(LocalPos.Y);
+		if (NoteNumber >= 0 && NoteNumber <= FMidiMessage::MaxNoteNumber)
+		{
+			PluginHost->IncomingMidi.addEvent(FMidiMessage::noteOn(1, NoteNumber, WidthToVelocity(LocalPos.X)));
+			LastNoteNumber = NoteNumber;
+		}
+		return FReply::Handled().CaptureMouse(AsShared());
+	}
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+FReply SPianoKey::OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::LeftMouseButton)
+	{
+		if (LastNoteNumber >= 0 && LastNoteNumber <= FMidiMessage::MaxNoteNumber)
+		{
+			PluginHost->IncomingMidi.addEvent(FMidiMessage::noteOff(1, LastNoteNumber, 0.f));
+		}
+		LastNoteNumber = -1;
+		return FReply::Handled().ReleaseMouseCapture();
+	}
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+FReply SPianoKey::OnMouseMove(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (MouseEvent.IsMouseButtonDown(EKeys::LeftMouseButton))
+	{
+		const int32 CurrentNoteNumber = HeightToNoteNumber(MyGeometry.AbsoluteToLocal(MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition()).Y);
+		
+		if (LastNoteNumber != CurrentNoteNumber)
+		{
+			if (LastNoteNumber != -1)
+				PluginHost->IncomingMidi.addEvent(FMidiMessage::noteOff(1, LastNoteNumber, 0.f));
+			LastNoteNumber = CurrentNoteNumber;
+
+			const float Velocity = WidthToVelocity(MyGeometry.AbsoluteToLocal(MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition()).X);
+			PluginHost->IncomingMidi.addEvent(FMidiMessage::noteOn(1, CurrentNoteNumber, Velocity));
+		}
+		return FReply::Handled();
+	}
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+int32 SPianoKey::HeightToNoteNumber(float Height) const
+{
+	return FMidiMessage::MaxNoteNumber - Height / KeyHeight.Get();
+}
+
+float SPianoKey::WidthToVelocity(float Width) const
+{
+	return FMath::Min(Width / KeyWidth.Get(), 1.f);
+}
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/SPianoKey.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/SPianoKey.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..67a72d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/SPianoKey.h
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SLeafWidget.h"
+
+class FPluginHost;
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SPianoKey : public SLeafWidget
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SPianoKey)
+		{
+		}
+	SLATE_ATTRIBUTE(float, KeyHeight)
+	SLATE_ATTRIBUTE(float, KeyWidth)
+
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FPluginHost* InPluginHost);
+
+
+	virtual int32 OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const override;
+	virtual FVector2D ComputeDesiredSize(float LayoutScaleMultiplier) const override;
+
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnMouseMove(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+private:
+	int32 HeightToNoteNumber(float Height) const;
+	float WidthToVelocity(float Width) const;
+
+	int32 LastNoteNumber = -1;
+	FPluginHost* PluginHost = nullptr;
+	TAttribute<float> KeyHeight; // 白键高度
+	TAttribute<float> KeyWidth;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/SPianoRoll.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/SPianoRoll.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..298478b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/SPianoRoll.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SPianoRoll.h"
+
+#include "SBackgroundBlur.h"
+#include "SGridPanel.h"
+#include "SImage.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "SOverlay.h"
+#include "SPianoKey.h"
+#include "SScaleBox.h"
+#include "SScrollBar.h"
+#include "SScrollBox.h"
+#include "Midi/MidiMessageSequence.h"
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+#include "PianoRollPanel/SPianoRollPanel.h"
+#include "UI/Style/AronaStyle.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+void SPianoRoll::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FMidiMessageSequence* InMidiMessageSequence, FPluginHost* InPluginHost)
+{
+	MidiMessageSequence = InMidiMessageSequence;
+	VerticalScrollBar = SNew(SScrollBar)
+			.Orientation(Orient_Vertical)
+			.AlwaysShowScrollbar(true)
+			.AlwaysShowScrollbarTrack(true);
+	
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SNew(SGridPanel)
+		.FillColumn(0, 1)
+		.FillRow(0, 1)
+
+		+SGridPanel::Slot(0, 0)
+		[
+			SNew(SOverlay)
+			+SOverlay::Slot()
+			[
+				SNew(SScaleBox)
+				.Stretch(EStretch::ScaleToFill)
+				.HAlign(HAlign_Center)
+				.VAlign(VAlign_Center)
+				[
+					SNew(SImage)
+					.Image(FAronaStyle::GetSlateBrush(PianoRollBackground))
+				]
+			]
+			+SOverlay::Slot()
+			[
+				SAssignNew(ScrollBox, SScrollBox)
+				.ConsumeMouseWheel(EConsumeMouseWheel::Always)
+				.ExternalScrollbar(VerticalScrollBar)
+				.AnimateWheelScrolling(false)
+				.Visibility(EVisibility::SelfHitTestInvisible)
+				+SScrollBox::Slot()
+				[
+					SNew(SHorizontalBox)
+					+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+					.AutoWidth()
+					[
+						SNew(SPianoKey, InPluginHost)
+						.KeyHeight(KeyHeight)
+						.KeyWidth(100)
+					]
+					+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+					.FillWidth(1.f)
+					[
+						SAssignNew(PianoRollPanel, SPianoRollPanel, MidiMessageSequence)
+						.FontInfo(FAronaStyle::GetFontInfo(DefaultFontName))
+						.NoteImage(FAronaStyle::GetSlateBrush(VolumeMeterBar))
+						.SpacingLineColor(FLinearColor::Green)
+						.NoteHeight(KeyHeight)
+						.OnTargetRangeChanged(this, &SPianoRoll::SetFrameRange)
+						.OnYRequestUpdate(this, &SPianoRoll::AddYDelta)
+						.OnRequestHScroll(this, &SPianoRoll::OnPanelRequestHScroll)
+					]
+				]
+			]
+		]
+		+SGridPanel::Slot(1, 0)
+		[
+			VerticalScrollBar.ToSharedRef()
+		]
+		+SGridPanel::Slot(0, 1)
+		[
+			SAssignNew(HorizontalScrollBar, SScrollBar)
+			.Orientation(Orient_Horizontal)
+			.AlwaysShowScrollbar(true)
+			.AlwaysShowScrollbarTrack(true)
+			.OnUserScrolled(this, &SPianoRoll::OnHorizontalScrollBarChanged)
+		]
+	];
+
+	TargetMidiTickRange = PianoRollPanel->TimeRange;
+	const double EndTime = MidiMessageSequence->getEndTime();
+	HorizontalScrollBar->SetState(0, TargetMidiTickRange.Size<float>() / EndTime, false);
+}
+
+void SPianoRoll::Tick(const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const double InCurrentTime, const float InDeltaTime)
+{
+	SCompoundWidget::Tick(AllottedGeometry, InCurrentTime, InDeltaTime);
+	if (AllottedGeometry.Size.X == 0)
+		return;
+
+	// const double Lower = FMath::FInterpTo<double>(PianoRollPanel->TimeRange.GetLowerBoundValue(), TargetMidiTickRange.GetLowerBoundValue(), InDeltaTime, 15.f);
+	// const double Upper = FMath::FInterpTo<double>(PianoRollPanel->TimeRange.GetUpperBoundValue(), TargetMidiTickRange.GetUpperBoundValue(), InDeltaTime, 15.f);
+	const double Lower = TargetMidiTickRange.GetLowerBoundValue();
+	const double Upper = TargetMidiTickRange.GetUpperBoundValue();
+	PianoRollPanel->TimeRange.SetLowerBoundValue(Lower);
+	PianoRollPanel->TimeRange.SetUpperBoundValue(Upper);
+	
+	const float MidiTickDuration = PianoRollPanel->TimeRange.Size<float>();
+	const double EndTime = MidiMessageSequence->getEndTime();
+	HorizontalScrollBar->SetState(Lower / EndTime, MidiTickDuration / EndTime, false);
+}
+
+FReply SPianoRoll::OnMouseWheel(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (EnableHorizontalScroll)
+	{
+		AddFrameRangeDelta(MouseEvent.GetWheelDelta() * -FMidiSequencer::Get().GetTicksPerQuarter());
+		return FReply::Unhandled();
+	}
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+void SPianoRoll::AddFrameRangeDelta(AudioFrame InDelta)
+{
+	double Lower = TargetMidiTickRange.GetLowerBoundValue() + InDelta;
+	double Upper = TargetMidiTickRange.GetUpperBoundValue() + InDelta;
+	if (Lower < 0)
+	{
+		Upper -= Lower;
+		Lower = 0;
+	}
+	
+	TargetMidiTickRange = TRange<AudioFrame>(Lower, Upper);
+}
+
+void SPianoRoll::SetFrameRange(TRange<AudioFrame> InMidiRange)
+{
+	TargetMidiTickRange = InMidiRange;
+}
+
+void SPianoRoll::AddYDelta(float InDelta)
+{
+	ScrollBox->SetScrollOffset(ScrollBox->GetScrollOffset() + InDelta);
+}
+
+void SPianoRoll::InitScrollBar()
+{
+	OnHorizontalScrollBarChanged(0);
+}
+
+TSharedPtr<SWidget> SPianoRoll::GetFocusWidget()
+{
+	return PianoRollPanel;
+}
+
+void SPianoRoll::OnHorizontalScrollBarChanged(float InScrollOffsetFraction)
+{
+	const auto& PanelSize = PianoRollPanel->GetTickSpaceGeometry().Size;
+	if (PanelSize.X == 0)
+		return;
+	
+	const MidiTick EndTime = MidiMessageSequence->getEndTime();
+	const MidiTick MidiTickDuration = PianoRollPanel->TimeRange.Size<double>();
+	const MidiTick StartTick = EndTime * InScrollOffsetFraction;
+	
+	TargetMidiTickRange = TRange<AudioFrame>(StartTick.Frames(), StartTick.Frames() + MidiTickDuration.Frames());
+	
+	// HorizontalScrollBar->SetState(InScrollOffsetFraction, MidiTickDuration / EndTime, false);
+}
+
+void SPianoRoll::OnPanelRequestHScroll(bool InStatus)
+{
+	if (InStatus)
+	{
+		EnableHorizontalScroll = true;
+		ScrollBox->SetConsumeMouseWheel(EConsumeMouseWheel::Never);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		EnableHorizontalScroll = false;
+		ScrollBox->SetConsumeMouseWheel(EConsumeMouseWheel::Always);
+	}
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/SPianoRoll.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/SPianoRoll.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b29963e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PianoRoll/SPianoRoll.h
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+#include "Midi/Time/TimePos.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/IChildWindow.h"
+
+class FPluginHost;
+class SScrollBox;
+class FMidiMessageSequence;
+class SScrollBar;
+class SPianoRollPanel;
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SPianoRoll : public SCompoundWidget, public IChildWindow
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SPianoRoll)
+		{
+		}
+
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, FMidiMessageSequence* InMidiMessageSequence, FPluginHost* InPluginHost);
+
+	virtual void Tick(const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const double InCurrentTime, const float InDeltaTime) override;
+	
+	virtual FReply OnMouseWheel(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+
+	void AddFrameRangeDelta(AudioFrame InDelta);
+	void SetFrameRange(TRange<AudioFrame> InMidiRange);
+
+	void AddYDelta(float InDelta);
+	
+	void InitScrollBar();
+
+	virtual TSharedRef<SWidget> GetWidget() override { return AsShared(); }
+	virtual TSharedPtr<SWidget> GetFocusWidget() override;
+
+private:
+	void OnHorizontalScrollBarChanged(float InScrollOffsetFraction);
+	void OnPanelRequestHScroll(bool InStatus);
+
+	float KeyHeight = 20.f;
+	TSharedPtr<SPianoRollPanel> PianoRollPanel;
+	TSharedPtr<SScrollBox> ScrollBox;
+	TSharedPtr<SScrollBar> VerticalScrollBar;
+	TSharedPtr<SScrollBar> HorizontalScrollBar;
+	TRange<AudioFrame> TargetMidiTickRange;
+	FMidiMessageSequence* MidiMessageSequence = nullptr;
+	bool EnableHorizontalScroll = false;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditAction.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditAction.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8aa4054
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditAction.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#include "PlayListEditAction.h"
+
+void FPlayListEditAction::OnActive(FPlayListEdit& Edit)
+{
+	FPlayListEditTool::OnActive(Edit);
+	Execute(Edit);
+	Edit.ClearTempTool();
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditAction.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditAction.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..946444b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditAction.h
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "PlayListEditTool.h"
+
+class FPlayListEditAction : public FPlayListEditTool
+{
+public:
+	FPlayListEditAction(EPlayListToolType InToolType) : FPlayListEditTool(InToolType)
+	{
+	}
+	virtual void OnActive(FPlayListEdit& Edit) override;
+protected:
+	virtual void Execute(FPlayListEdit& Edit) = 0;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2f677ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include "PlayListEditTool.h"
+
+void FPlayListEditTool::OnActive(FPlayListEdit& Edit)
+{
+}
+
+void FPlayListEditTool::Clear(FPlayListEdit& Edit)
+{
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..facf5e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool.h
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "PaintArgs.h"
+#include "Reply.h"
+#include "WidgetStyle.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/PlayListEdit.h"
+
+class FPlayListEditTool
+{
+public:
+	FPlayListEditTool(EPlayListToolType InToolType) : ToolType(InToolType)
+	{
+	}
+
+	virtual ~FPlayListEditTool() = default;
+
+	virtual void OnActive(FPlayListEdit& Edit);
+	virtual void Clear(FPlayListEdit& Edit);
+
+	virtual void OnMouseButtonDown(FPlayListEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) { }
+	virtual void OnMouseButtonUp(FPlayListEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) { }
+	virtual void OnMouseMove(FPlayListEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) { }
+
+	virtual void OnBeginDrag(FPlayListEdit& Edit, FVector2f InMouseStartPos) { }
+	virtual void OnEndDrag(FPlayListEdit& Edit, FVector2f InMouseEndPos) { }
+
+	virtual int32 OnPaint(const FPlayListEdit& Edit, const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const { return LayerId; }
+	
+	EPlayListToolType GetToolType() const { return ToolType; }
+private:
+	EPlayListToolType ToolType;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool_DragView.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool_DragView.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1c98b9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool_DragView.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#include "PlayListEditTool_DragView.h"
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool_DragView.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool_DragView.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af201e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool_DragView.h
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "PlayListEditTool.h"
+
+class FPlayListEditTool_DragView : public FPlayListEditTool
+{
+public:
+	FPlayListEditTool_DragView() : FPlayListEditTool(EPlayListToolType::DragView) {}
+
+
+private:
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool_Select.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool_Select.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8148ec7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool_Select.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+#include "PlayListEditTool_Select.h"
+
+#include "UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/SPlayListPanel.h"
+
+void FPlayListEditTool_Select::Clear(FPlayListEdit& Edit)
+{
+	FPlayListEditTool::Clear(Edit);
+	RectSelecting = false;
+}
+
+void FPlayListEditTool_Select::OnMouseMove(FPlayListEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry,
+                                           const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	MouseCurrentPos = MyGeometry.AbsoluteToLocal(MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition());
+}
+
+void FPlayListEditTool_Select::OnBeginDrag(FPlayListEdit& Edit, FVector2f InMouseStartPos)
+{
+	RectSelecting = true;
+}
+
+void FPlayListEditTool_Select::OnEndDrag(FPlayListEdit& Edit, FVector2f InMouseEndPos)
+{
+	RectSelecting = false;
+	
+	const FVector2f& MouseDownPos = Edit.GetMouseDownPos();
+	const TSharedPtr<SPlayListPanel> Panel = Edit.PlayListPanel.Pin();
+	FPlayListSelector& Selector = Edit.Selector;
+	
+	Selector.UnSelect();
+	const int32 BeginTrackIndex = Panel->TrackHeightManager.GetTrackIndexAt(MouseDownPos.Y);
+	const int32 EndTrackIndex = Panel->TrackHeightManager.GetTrackIndexAt(InMouseEndPos.Y);
+
+	const TRange<int32> TrackRange = TRange<int32>(BeginTrackIndex, EndTrackIndex);
+	const TRange<AudioFrame> MidiTimestampRange = TRange<AudioFrame>(Panel->PixelToFrame(MouseDownPos.X), Panel->PixelToFrame(InMouseEndPos.X));
+
+	FMidiSequencer::Get().ForeachPatternInstance([&](FPatternInstance* Instance) ->bool
+	{
+		const AudioFrame InstanceBegin = Instance->Pos;
+		const AudioFrame InstanceEnd = Instance->Pos + Instance->GetLength();
+		if (TrackRange.Contains(Instance->TrackIndex) && MidiTimestampRange.Contains(InstanceBegin) && MidiTimestampRange.Contains(InstanceEnd))
+		{
+			Selector.AddPatternInstance(Instance);
+		}
+		return true;
+	});
+}
+
+int32 FPlayListEditTool_Select::OnPaint(const FPlayListEdit& Edit, const FPaintArgs& Args,
+	const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements,
+	int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const
+{
+	if (!RectSelecting)
+		return LayerId;
+	
+	// 绘制选择框
+	const FVector2f& MouseDownPos = Edit.GetMouseDownPos();
+	const FVector2f RectStart = FVector2f(MouseDownPos.X, MouseDownPos.Y);
+	const FVector2f RectEnd = FVector2f(MouseCurrentPos.X, MouseCurrentPos.Y);
+	
+	// Draw Line
+	TArray<FVector2f> Points;
+	Points.Add(RectStart);
+	Points.Add(FVector2f(RectEnd.X, RectStart.Y));
+	Points.Add(RectEnd);
+	Points.Add(FVector2f(RectStart.X, RectEnd.Y));
+	Points.Add(RectStart);
+	FSlateDrawElement::MakeLines(
+		OutDrawElements,
+		++LayerId,
+		AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry(),
+		Points,
+		ESlateDrawEffect::None,
+		FLinearColor::Red,
+		true,
+		1
+	);
+	
+	return LayerId;
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool_Select.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool_Select.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9939423
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool_Select.h
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "PlayListEditTool.h"
+
+class FPlayListEditTool_Select : public FPlayListEditTool
+{
+public:
+	FPlayListEditTool_Select() : FPlayListEditTool(EPlayListToolType::Select) {}
+
+	virtual void Clear(FPlayListEdit& Edit) override;
+	
+	virtual void OnMouseMove(FPlayListEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual void OnBeginDrag(FPlayListEdit& Edit, FVector2f InMouseStartPos) override;
+	virtual void OnEndDrag(FPlayListEdit& Edit, FVector2f InMouseEndPos) override;
+	virtual int32 OnPaint(const FPlayListEdit& Edit, const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const override;
+private:
+	bool RectSelecting = false;
+	FVector2f MouseCurrentPos;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool_Write.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool_Write.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d1740d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool_Write.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+#include "PlayListEditTool_Write.h"
+
+#include "Pattern/PatternInstance.h"
+
+void FPlayListEditTool_Write::Clear(FPlayListEdit& Edit)
+{
+	FPlayListEditTool::Clear(Edit);
+	TempSelector.UnSelect();
+}
+
+void FPlayListEditTool_Write::OnMouseButtonDown(FPlayListEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry,
+                                                const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::LeftMouseButton)
+	{
+		LeftMouseButton(Edit);
+	}
+	
+	if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::RightMouseButton)
+	{
+		RightMouseButton(Edit);
+	}
+}
+
+void FPlayListEditTool_Write::OnMouseButtonUp(FPlayListEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry,
+	const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	TempSelector.UnSelect();
+}
+
+void FPlayListEditTool_Write::OnMouseMove(FPlayListEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry,
+	const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	const FGeometry& TickSpaceGeometry = MyGeometry;
+	const auto& CursorPos = MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition();
+	const auto& LocalPos = TickSpaceGeometry.AbsoluteToLocal(CursorPos);
+
+	if (MouseEvent.IsMouseButtonDown(EKeys::LeftMouseButton))
+	{
+		const int TrackIndex = Edit.GetTrackIndexByPos(LocalPos.Y);
+		const AudioFrame NewFrame = Edit.PixelToFrame(LocalPos.X);
+		UpdateTempSelector(Edit, TrackIndex, NewFrame);
+		UpdateSelector(Edit, TrackIndex, NewFrame);
+	}
+
+	if (MouseEvent.IsMouseButtonDown(EKeys::RightMouseButton))
+	{
+		RightMouseButton(Edit);
+	}
+}
+
+void FPlayListEditTool_Write::LeftMouseButton(FPlayListEdit& Edit)
+{
+	const FPatternInstanceSelectData& PatternInstanceSelectData = Edit.GetPatternUnderCursor();
+
+	FPlayListSelector& Selector = Edit.Selector;
+	const AudioFrame SnapMidiTimestamp = Edit.GetSnapFrame();
+
+	if (PatternInstanceSelectData)
+	{
+		FPatternInstance* PatternInstance = PatternInstanceSelectData.PatternInstance;
+		const int32 BaseTrackIndex = PatternInstance->TrackIndex;
+		const AudioFrame MidiTimestampOffset = PatternInstanceSelectData.MidiTimestampOffset;
+		const AudioFrame BaseMidiTimestamp = PatternInstance->Pos;
+		
+		FPatternSelector::Get().SelectPatternInstance(PatternInstance);
+		
+		if (Selector.IsSelected(PatternInstance))
+		{
+			Selector.BeginDrag(BaseTrackIndex, SnapMidiTimestamp, MidiTimestampOffset, BaseMidiTimestamp);
+			Selector.ResetAnchorPoint();
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			Selector.UnSelect();
+			TempSelector.UnSelect();
+			TempSelector.AddPatternInstance(PatternInstance);
+			TempSelector.BeginDrag(BaseTrackIndex, SnapMidiTimestamp, MidiTimestampOffset, BaseMidiTimestamp);
+			TempSelector.ResetAnchorPoint();
+		}
+		return;
+	}
+
+	Selector.UnSelect();
+
+	FPatternSelector& PatternSelector = FPatternSelector::Get();
+	FPattern* SelectedPattern = PatternSelector.GetSelectedPattern();
+	if (!SelectedPattern)
+		return;
+
+	const int32 TrackIndex = Edit.GetTrackIndexUnderCursor();
+	const AudioFrame FrameUnderMouse = Edit.GetFrameUnderCursor();
+	const AudioFrame TimestampDelta = FMath::Fmod(FrameUnderMouse, SnapMidiTimestamp);
+	const AudioFrame SnapFrame = FrameUnderMouse - TimestampDelta;
+	const TRange<AudioFrame> Range = PatternSelector.GetRange();
+	const TFuture<FPatternInstance*> Future =
+		SelectedPattern->RequestCreateInstance(
+			TrackIndex,
+			SnapFrame,
+			Range.GetLowerBoundValue(),
+			Range.GetUpperBoundValue());
+	// Future.WaitFor(FTimespan::FromSeconds(1)); // 等待1秒如果还没有创建完成就放弃
+	// FPatternInstance* Instance = Future.Get();
+	// if (!Instance)
+	// 	return;
+	// TempSelector.BeginDrag(TrackIndex, SnapMidiTimestamp, SnapMidiTick, MidiTickUnderMouse);
+	// TempSelector.AddPatternInstance(Instance);
+}
+
+void FPlayListEditTool_Write::RightMouseButton(FPlayListEdit& Edit)
+{
+	const FPatternInstanceSelectData& PatternInstanceSelectData = Edit.GetPatternUnderCursor();
+	if (PatternInstanceSelectData)
+	{
+		FPatternInstance* PatternInstance = PatternInstanceSelectData.PatternInstance;
+		PatternInstance->RequestDestroy();
+	}
+}
+
+void FPlayListEditTool_Write::UpdateTempSelector(FPlayListEdit& Edit, int32 NewTrackIndex, AudioFrame NewFrame)
+{
+	if (TempSelector.Num() == 0)
+		return;
+	TempSelector.SetTrackIndex(NewTrackIndex);
+	if (TempSelector.SetFrameTimestamp(NewFrame))
+	{
+		TempSelector.EndSetting();
+	}
+}
+
+void FPlayListEditTool_Write::UpdateSelector(FPlayListEdit& Edit, int32 NewTrackIndex, AudioFrame NewFrame)
+{
+	FPlayListSelector& Selector = Edit.Selector;
+	if (Selector.Num() == 0)
+		return;
+	Selector.SetTrackIndex(NewTrackIndex);
+	if (Selector.SetFrameTimestamp(NewFrame))
+	{
+		Selector.EndSetting();
+	}
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool_Write.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool_Write.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b128887
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/EditTool/PlayListEditTool_Write.h
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "PlayListEditTool.h"
+
+class FPlayListEditTool_Write : public FPlayListEditTool
+{
+public:
+	FPlayListEditTool_Write() : FPlayListEditTool(EPlayListToolType::Write) {}
+
+	virtual void Clear(FPlayListEdit& Edit) override;
+
+	virtual void OnMouseButtonDown(FPlayListEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual void OnMouseButtonUp(FPlayListEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual void OnMouseMove(FPlayListEdit& Edit, const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+private:
+	void LeftMouseButton(FPlayListEdit& Edit);
+	void RightMouseButton(FPlayListEdit& Edit);
+
+	void UpdateTempSelector(FPlayListEdit& Edit, int32 NewTrackIndex, AudioFrame NewFrame);
+	void UpdateSelector(FPlayListEdit& Edit, int32 NewTrackIndex, AudioFrame NewFrame);
+	
+	bool HasDeleteInstance = false;
+	
+	FPlayListSelector TempSelector;
+};
+
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/FTrackHeightManager.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/FTrackHeightManager.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..361843c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/FTrackHeightManager.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+#include "FTrackHeightManager.h"
+
+int32 FTrackHeightManager::GetTrackIndexAt(float Height) const
+{
+	float ModifyHeight = 0;
+	int32 ModifyCount = 0;
+	for (const auto& ModifyTuple : ModifyTrackHeight)
+	{
+		if (Height >= ModifyTuple.Value)
+		{
+			ModifyCount++;
+			ModifyHeight += ModifyTuple.Value;
+		}
+	}
+	const float NoModifyHeight = Height - ModifyHeight;
+	const int32 Index = NoModifyHeight / TrackHeight.Get() + ModifyCount;
+	return Index;
+}
+
+float FTrackHeightManager::GetTrackHeight(int32 TrackIndex) const
+{
+	const float* Find = ModifyTrackHeight.Find(TrackIndex);
+	if (Find)
+		return *Find;
+	return TrackHeight.Get();
+}
+
+float FTrackHeightManager::GetTrackPos(int32 TrackIndex) const
+{
+	const float NormalTrackHeight = TrackHeight.Get();
+	const TArray<int32>& ModifyBeforeTrackIndex = GetModifyBeforeTrackIndex(TrackIndex);
+	float Pos = (TrackIndex - ModifyBeforeTrackIndex.Num()) * NormalTrackHeight;
+	
+	for (int32 i = ModifyBeforeTrackIndex.Num() - 1; i >= 0; --i)
+	{
+		const int32 Index = ModifyBeforeTrackIndex[i];
+		const float Find = ModifyTrackHeight[Index];
+		Pos += Find;
+	}
+
+	return Pos;
+}
+
+TArray<int32> FTrackHeightManager::GetModifyBeforeTrackIndex(int32 TrackIndex) const
+{
+	TArray<int32> Result;
+	for (const auto& Pair : ModifyTrackHeight)
+	{
+		if (Pair.Key >= TrackIndex)
+			break;
+		Result.Add(Pair.Key);
+	}
+	return Result;
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/FTrackHeightManager.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/FTrackHeightManager.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cfbe144
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/FTrackHeightManager.h
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "Attribute.h"
+
+class FTrackHeightManager
+{
+public:
+	void SetTrackHeight(int32 TrackIndex, float Height) { ModifyTrackHeight.Add(TrackIndex, Height); } // 设置某个轨道的高度
+	void ResetTrackHeight(int32 TrackIndex) { ModifyTrackHeight.Remove(TrackIndex); } // 重置某个轨道的高度
+	int32 GetTrackIndexAt(float Height) const; // 从高度获取轨道索引
+	float GetTrackHeight(int32 TrackIndex) const; // 轨道高度
+	float GetTrackPos(int32 TrackIndex) const; // 轨道位置
+	
+	TAttribute<float> TrackHeight;
+private:
+	// TrackIndex -> TrackHeight
+	TMap<int32, float> ModifyTrackHeight;
+	TArray<int32> GetModifyBeforeTrackIndex(int32 TrackIndex) const;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/PlayListEdit.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/PlayListEdit.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..014d9d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/PlayListEdit.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+#include "PlayListEdit.h"
+
+#include "SlateApplication.h"
+#include "Pattern/PatternInstance.h"
+#include "EditTool/PlayListEditTool_DragView.h"
+#include "EditTool/PlayListEditTool_Select.h"
+#include "EditTool/PlayListEditTool_Write.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/Pattern/SPatternInstance.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/SPlayListPanel.h"
+
+FPlayListEdit::FPlayListEdit(TSharedRef<SPlayListPanel> InPlayListPanel)
+{
+	PlayListPanel = InPlayListPanel;
+
+	EditToolMap.Add(EPlayListToolType::Select, new FPlayListEditTool_Select());
+	EditToolMap.Add(EPlayListToolType::Write, new FPlayListEditTool_Write());
+	EditToolMap.Add(EPlayListToolType::DragView, new FPlayListEditTool_DragView());
+
+	ToolKeyMap.Add(EPlayListToolType::Select, { EKeys::LeftControl, EKeys::LeftMouseButton });
+	ToolKeyMap.Add(EPlayListToolType::DragView, { EKeys::LeftShift, EKeys::RightMouseButton });
+	
+	CurrentEditTool = EditToolMap[EPlayListToolType::Write];
+	CurrentEditTool->OnActive(*this);
+	TempTool = nullptr;
+}
+
+FReply FPlayListEdit::OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	MouseDownPos = MyGeometry.AbsoluteToLocal(MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition());
+	TryEnableTempTool();
+
+	GetCurrentTool()->OnMouseButtonDown(*this, MyGeometry, MouseEvent);
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+FReply FPlayListEdit::OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	const FVector2f MouseUpLocalPos = MyGeometry.AbsoluteToLocal(MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition());
+
+	// OnEndDrag需要在OnMouseUp之前调用，因为OnMouseUp可能会清除OnMouseDrag
+	if (OnMouseDrag)
+	{
+		OnMouseDrag = false;
+		GetCurrentTool()->OnEndDrag(*this, MouseUpLocalPos);
+	}
+	
+	{
+		GetCurrentTool()->OnMouseButtonUp(*this, MyGeometry, MouseEvent);
+	}
+	
+	TryEnableTempTool();
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+FReply FPlayListEdit::OnMouseMove(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	const FGeometry& TickSpaceGeometry = MyGeometry;
+	const auto& CursorPos = MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition();
+	const auto& LocalPos = TickSpaceGeometry.AbsoluteToLocal(CursorPos);
+	
+	if (MouseEvent.IsMouseButtonDown(EKeys::LeftMouseButton) && !OnMouseDrag)
+	{
+		OnMouseDrag = true;
+		GetCurrentTool()->OnBeginDrag(*this, LocalPos);
+	}
+
+	GetCurrentTool()->OnMouseMove(*this, MyGeometry, MouseEvent);
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+FReply FPlayListEdit::OnKeyDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& InKeyEvent)
+{
+	if (InKeyEvent.IsRepeat())
+		return FReply::Handled();
+	PressedKeys.Add(InKeyEvent.GetKey());
+	TryEnableTempTool();
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+FReply FPlayListEdit::OnKeyUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& InKeyEvent)
+{
+	if (InKeyEvent.IsRepeat())
+		return FReply::Handled();
+	PressedKeys.Remove(InKeyEvent.GetKey());
+	TryEnableTempTool();
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+int32 FPlayListEdit::OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect,
+	FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle,
+	bool bParentEnabled) const
+{
+	return GetCurrentTool()->OnPaint(*this, Args, AllottedGeometry, MyCullingRect, OutDrawElements, LayerId, InWidgetStyle, bParentEnabled);
+}
+
+FPatternInstanceSelectData FPlayListEdit::GetPatternInstanceAt(const FVector2f& LocalPosition) const
+{
+	const TSharedPtr<SPlayListPanel> Panel = PlayListPanel.Pin();
+
+	FPatternInstanceSelectData Result;
+	
+	const int32 TrackIndex = Panel->TrackHeightManager.GetTrackIndexAt(LocalPosition.Y);
+	const AudioFrame FrameTimestamp = Panel->PixelToFrame(LocalPosition.X);
+	
+	FMidiSequencer::Get().ForeachPatternInstance([&](FPatternInstance* Instance) ->bool
+	{
+		if (Instance->TrackIndex != TrackIndex)
+			return true;
+		const AudioFrame InstancePos = Instance->Pos;
+		const AudioFrame InstanceLength = Instance->GetLength();
+		
+		if (FrameTimestamp >= InstancePos && FrameTimestamp <= InstancePos + InstanceLength)
+		{
+			Result.PatternInstance = Instance;
+			Result.MidiTimestampOffset = FrameTimestamp - InstancePos;
+			return false;
+		}
+		return true;
+	});
+	return Result;
+}
+
+FPatternInstanceSelectData FPlayListEdit::GetPatternUnderCursor() const
+{
+	const TSharedPtr<SPlayListPanel> Panel = PlayListPanel.Pin();
+	const FVector2f& CursorPos = FSlateApplication::Get().GetCursorPos();
+	const FVector2f& LocalPosition = Panel->GetTickSpaceGeometry().AbsoluteToLocal(CursorPos);
+	return GetPatternInstanceAt(LocalPosition);
+}
+
+FReply FPlayListEdit::OnPatternInstancePressed(FPatternInstanceClickData D)
+{
+	if (!IsMultiSelected())
+		Selector.UnSelect();
+	else
+		return FReply::Unhandled();
+	
+	const int32 BaseTrackIndex = D.PatternInstance->TrackIndex;
+	const double MidiTimestampDelta = D.MidiTimestampOffset;
+	const double BaseMidiTimestamp = D.PatternInstance->Pos;
+	
+	Selector.BeginDrag(BaseTrackIndex, GetSnapFrame(), MidiTimestampDelta, BaseMidiTimestamp);
+	Selector.AddPatternInstance(D.PatternInstance);
+	Selector.ResetAnchorPoint();
+	IsPatternInstancePressed = true;
+	return FReply::Handled().CaptureMouse(PlayListPanel.Pin().ToSharedRef());
+}
+
+FReply FPlayListEdit::OnPatternInstanceReleased(FPatternInstanceClickData D)
+{
+	IsPatternInstancePressed = false;
+	Selector.EndSetting();
+	return FReply::Handled().ReleaseMouseCapture();
+}
+
+TSharedRef<SPatternInstance> FPlayListEdit::CreatePatternInstanceWidget(FPatternInstance* PatternInstance)
+{
+	const TSharedRef<SPatternInstance> InstanceWidget = SNew(SPatternInstance)
+		.Texture(UpdatableTexture)
+		.PatternInstance(PatternInstance)
+		.FrameToPixel_Raw(this, &FPlayListEdit::GetSampleToPixelScaler)
+		.SnapFrame_Raw(this, &FPlayListEdit::GetSnapFrame)
+		.Clipping(EWidgetClipping::ClipToBoundsAlways);
+
+	return InstanceWidget;
+}
+
+AudioFrame FPlayListEdit::GetSnapFrame() const
+{
+	return FMidiSequencer::Get().GetBeat().Frames();
+}
+
+float FPlayListEdit::GetMidiTickToPixelScaler() const
+{
+	const TSharedPtr<SPlayListPanel> Panel = PlayListPanel.Pin();
+	return Panel->GetMidiTickToPixelScaler();
+}
+
+float FPlayListEdit::GetSampleToPixelScaler() const
+{
+	const TSharedPtr<SPlayListPanel> Panel = PlayListPanel.Pin();
+	return Panel->GetSampleToPixelScaler();
+}
+
+AudioFrame FPlayListEdit::GetFrameUnderCursor() const
+{
+	const TSharedPtr<SPlayListPanel> Panel = PlayListPanel.Pin();
+	const FVector2f& CursorPos = FSlateApplication::Get().GetCursorPos();
+	const FVector2f& LocalPosition = Panel->GetTickSpaceGeometry().AbsoluteToLocal(CursorPos);
+	return Panel->PixelToFrame(LocalPosition.X);
+}
+
+AudioFrame FPlayListEdit::PixelToFrame(float Pixel) const
+{
+	return PlayListPanel.Pin()->PixelToFrame(Pixel);
+}
+
+int32 FPlayListEdit::GetTrackIndexUnderCursor() const
+{
+	const TSharedPtr<SPlayListPanel> Panel = PlayListPanel.Pin();
+	const FVector2f& CursorPos = FSlateApplication::Get().GetCursorPos();
+	const FVector2f& LocalPosition = Panel->GetTickSpaceGeometry().AbsoluteToLocal(CursorPos);
+	return Panel->TrackHeightManager.GetTrackIndexAt(LocalPosition.Y);
+}
+
+int32 FPlayListEdit::GetTrackIndexByPos(float Height) const
+{
+	return PlayListPanel.Pin()->TrackHeightManager.GetTrackIndexAt(Height);
+}
+
+void FPlayListEdit::SetTempTool(EPlayListToolType InToolType)
+{
+	CurrentEditTool->Clear(*this);
+	TempTool = EditToolMap[InToolType];
+	TempTool->OnActive(*this);
+}
+
+void FPlayListEdit::ClearTempTool()
+{
+	if (TempTool)
+	{
+		TempTool->Clear(*this);
+		TempTool = nullptr;
+		CurrentEditTool->OnActive(*this);
+	}
+}
+
+FPlayListEditTool* FPlayListEdit::TryEnableTempTool()
+{
+	const TSet<FKey>& PressedMouseButtons = FSlateApplication::Get().GetPressedMouseButtons();
+	for (const auto& Tuple : ToolKeyMap)
+	{
+		const EPlayListToolType PianoRollTool = Tuple.Key;
+		const TArray<FKey>& Keys = Tuple.Value;
+		bool bAllPressed = true;
+		for (const FKey& ToolKey : Keys)
+		{
+			if (ToolKey.IsMouseButton())
+				bAllPressed = bAllPressed && PressedMouseButtons.Contains(ToolKey);
+			else
+				bAllPressed = bAllPressed && PressedKeys.Contains(ToolKey);
+			if (!bAllPressed)
+				break;
+		}
+		if (bAllPressed)
+		{
+			ClearTempTool();
+			SetTempTool(PianoRollTool);
+			return EditToolMap[PianoRollTool];
+		}
+	}
+	ClearTempTool();
+	return nullptr;
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/PlayListEdit.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/PlayListEdit.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..88cb223
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/PlayListEdit.h
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "PaintArgs.h"
+#include "PlayListSelector.h"
+#include "Reply.h"
+#include "WidgetStyle.h"
+
+class FPlayListEditTool;
+class SPatternInstance;
+class SPlayListPanel;
+struct FPatternInstanceClickData;
+
+struct FPatternInstanceSelectData
+{
+	FPatternInstance* PatternInstance = nullptr;
+	AudioFrame MidiTimestampOffset;
+
+	operator bool() const
+	{
+		return PatternInstance != nullptr;
+	}
+};
+
+enum class EPlayListToolType
+{
+	Select,
+	Write,
+	DragView,
+	Count
+};
+
+class FPlayListEdit
+{
+public:
+	FPlayListEdit(TSharedRef<SPlayListPanel> InPlayListPanel);
+	
+	FReply OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent);
+	FReply OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent);
+	FReply OnMouseMove(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent);
+	FReply OnKeyDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& InKeyEvent);
+	FReply OnKeyUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& InKeyEvent);
+	int32 OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const;
+
+	FPatternInstanceSelectData GetPatternInstanceAt(const FVector2f& LocalPosition) const;
+	FPatternInstanceSelectData GetPatternUnderCursor() const;
+	FReply OnPatternInstancePressed(FPatternInstanceClickData D);
+	FReply OnPatternInstanceReleased(FPatternInstanceClickData D);
+
+	TSharedRef<SPatternInstance> CreatePatternInstanceWidget(FPatternInstance* PatternInstance);
+
+	bool IsMultiSelected() const { return Selector.Num() > 1; }
+	FVector2f GetMouseDownPos() const { return MouseDownPos; }
+	AudioFrame GetSnapFrame() const;
+	float GetMidiTickToPixelScaler() const;
+	float GetSampleToPixelScaler() const;
+	AudioFrame GetFrameUnderCursor() const;
+	AudioFrame PixelToFrame(float Pixel) const;
+	int32 GetTrackIndexUnderCursor() const;
+	int32 GetTrackIndexByPos(float Height) const;
+
+	
+	void SetTempTool(EPlayListToolType InToolType);
+	void ClearTempTool();
+	
+	FPlayListSelector Selector;
+	TWeakPtr<SPlayListPanel> PlayListPanel;
+protected:
+	void OnMouseEndDrag(FVector2f InMouseEndPos);
+	bool OnMouseDrag = false;
+private:
+	FPlayListEditTool* TryEnableTempTool();
+
+	bool IsPatternInstancePressed = false;
+	bool HasSequenceModified = false;
+	FVector2f MouseDownPos;
+
+	TArray<FKey> PressedKeys;
+
+	FPlayListEditTool* GetCurrentTool() const { return TempTool ? TempTool : CurrentEditTool; }
+	FPlayListEditTool* TempTool = nullptr;
+	FPlayListEditTool* CurrentEditTool = nullptr;
+	TMap<EPlayListToolType, FPlayListEditTool*> EditToolMap;
+	TMap<EPlayListToolType, TArray<FKey>> ToolKeyMap;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/PlayListSelector.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/PlayListSelector.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d4f2d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/PlayListSelector.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+#include "PlayListSelector.h"
+
+#include "Pattern/PatternInstance.h"
+
+FPlayListSelector::FPlayListSelector()
+{
+	FMidiSequencer::Get().OnDeletePatternInstance.AddRaw(this, &FPlayListSelector::OnDeletePatternInstance);
+}
+
+FPlayListSelector::~FPlayListSelector()
+{
+	FMidiSequencer::Get().OnDeletePatternInstance.RemoveAll(this);
+}
+
+void FPlayListSelector::AddPatternInstance(FPatternInstance* PatternInstance)
+{
+	if (PatternInstanceList.Contains(PatternInstance))
+		return;
+	FData Data;
+	Data.PatternInstance = PatternInstance;
+	Data.OriginalTrackIndex = PatternInstance->TrackIndex;
+	Data.OriginalMidiTimestamp = PatternInstance->Pos;
+	
+	PatternInstanceList.Add(Data);
+	OnInstanceSelected.Broadcast(PatternInstance);
+}
+
+void FPlayListSelector::UnSelect(FPatternInstance* PatternInstance)
+{
+	if (PatternInstanceList.RemoveAll([PatternInstance](const FData& Data) { return Data.PatternInstance == PatternInstance; }))
+	{
+		OnInstanceDeselected.Broadcast(PatternInstance);
+	}
+}
+
+void FPlayListSelector::UnSelect()
+{
+	for (const auto& D : PatternInstanceList)
+	{
+		OnInstanceDeselected.Broadcast(D.PatternInstance);
+	}
+	PatternInstanceList.Reset();
+}
+
+void FPlayListSelector::ResetAnchorPoint()
+{
+	for (auto& D : PatternInstanceList)
+	{
+		D.OriginalTrackIndex = D.PatternInstance->TrackIndex;
+		D.OriginalMidiTimestamp = D.PatternInstance->Pos;
+	}
+}
+
+void FPlayListSelector::EndSetting()
+{
+	for (auto& D : PatternInstanceList)
+	{
+		D.PatternInstance->RequestEndSetting();
+	}
+}
+
+void FPlayListSelector::SetTrackIndex(int32 TrackIndex)
+{
+	const int32 Delta = TrackIndex - BaseTrackIndex;
+	for (auto& D : PatternInstanceList)
+	{
+		D.PatternInstance->TrackIndex = D.OriginalTrackIndex + Delta;
+	}
+}
+
+bool FPlayListSelector::SetFrameTimestamp(AudioFrame MidiTimestamp)
+{
+	double TimestampOffset = BaseMidiTimestamp - MidiTimestamp + MidiTimestampDelta; // 点击位置的MidiTick
+	TimestampOffset = FMath::GridSnap<AudioFrame>(TimestampOffset, SnapMidiTimestamp);
+	
+	for (const FData& D : PatternInstanceList)
+	{
+		const double NewTimestamp = D.OriginalMidiTimestamp - TimestampOffset;
+		D.PatternInstance->Pos = FMath::Max(0, NewTimestamp);
+	}
+
+	if (LastMidiTimestampOffset != TimestampOffset)
+	{
+		LastMidiTimestampOffset = TimestampOffset;
+		return true;
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+bool FPlayListSelector::IsSelected(FPatternInstance* PatternInstance) const
+{
+	return PatternInstanceList.Contains(PatternInstance);
+}
+
+void FPlayListSelector::OnDeletePatternInstance(FPatternInstance* PatternInstance)
+{
+	PatternInstanceList.RemoveAll([PatternInstance](const FData& Data) { return Data.PatternInstance == PatternInstance; });
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/PlayListSelector.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/PlayListSelector.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..69fd9dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/PlayListSelector.h
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "Attribute.h"
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+
+class FPatternInstance;
+
+class FPlayListSelector
+{
+	struct FData
+	{
+		FPatternInstance* PatternInstance;
+		int OriginalTrackIndex;
+		double OriginalMidiTimestamp;
+
+		bool operator==(FPatternInstance* In) const
+		{
+			return PatternInstance == In;
+		}
+
+		bool operator==(const FData& In) const
+		{
+			return PatternInstance == In.PatternInstance;
+		}
+	};
+public:
+	FPlayListSelector();
+	~FPlayListSelector();
+
+	void AddPatternInstance(FPatternInstance* PatternInstance);
+	void UnSelect(FPatternInstance* PatternInstance);
+	void UnSelect();
+	
+	void BeginDrag(int32 InBaseTrackIndex, AudioFrame InSnapFrame, AudioFrame InMidiTimestampDelta, AudioFrame InBaseMidiTimestamp)
+	{
+		BaseTrackIndex = InBaseTrackIndex;
+		SnapMidiTimestamp = InSnapFrame;
+		MidiTimestampDelta = InMidiTimestampDelta;
+		BaseMidiTimestamp = InBaseMidiTimestamp;
+		LastMidiTimestampOffset = 0;
+	}
+
+	int32 Num() const { return PatternInstanceList.Num(); }
+
+	void ResetAnchorPoint();
+	void EndSetting();
+
+	void SetTrackIndex(int32 TrackIndex);
+	bool SetFrameTimestamp(AudioFrame MidiTimestamp);
+
+	bool IsSelected(FPatternInstance* PatternInstance) const;
+	
+	FPatternInstanceDelegate OnInstanceSelected;
+	FPatternInstanceDelegate OnInstanceDeselected;
+private:
+	void OnDeletePatternInstance(FPatternInstance* PatternInstance);
+
+	TArray<FData> PatternInstanceList;
+	int32 BaseTrackIndex = 0;
+	AudioFrame MidiTimestampDelta = 0;
+	AudioFrame BaseMidiTimestamp = 0;
+	AudioFrame SnapMidiTimestamp = 0;
+	double LastMidiTimestampOffset = 0;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/SPlayListPanel.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/SPlayListPanel.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8306fae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/SPlayListPanel.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SPlayListPanel.h"
+
+#include "PlayListEdit.h"
+#include "Singleton/PortAudioAPI.h"
+#include "SConstraintCanvas.h"
+#include "SInvalidationPanel.h"
+#include "SlateApplication.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "SScrollBox.h"
+#include "SViewport.h"
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+#include "Render/UpdatableTexture.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/PlayList/SPlayListTimeLine.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+void SPlayListPanel::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs)
+{
+	PlayListEdit = MakeShareable(new FPlayListEdit(SharedThis(this)));
+	TrackHeightManager.TrackHeight = InArgs._TrackHeight;
+	ViewRange = InArgs._FrameRange;
+	
+	FMidiSequencer::Get().OnCreatePatternInstance.AddRaw(this, &SPlayListPanel::OnCreatePatternInstance);
+	FMidiSequencer::Get().OnDeletePatternInstance.AddRaw(this, &SPlayListPanel::OnDeletePatternInstance);
+	
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SAssignNew(TrackCanvas, SConstraintCanvas)
+	];
+
+	const TMap<EPatternType, TArray<FPattern*>>& Patterns = FMidiSequencer::Get().GetPattern();
+	for (const auto& Tuple : Patterns)
+	{
+		for (const FPattern* Pattern : Tuple.Value)
+		{
+			const TArray<FPatternInstance*>& PatternInstances = Pattern->GetInstances();
+			for (FPatternInstance* Instance : PatternInstances)
+			{
+				OnCreatePatternInstance(Instance);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+int32 SPlayListPanel::OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const
+{
+	const auto& Size = AllottedGeometry.Size;
+	const TRange<AudioFrame>& Range = ViewRange.Get();
+	const double FrameToPixelScaler = Size.X / Range.Size<double>();
+	const FMidiSequencer& MidiSequencer = FMidiSequencer::Get();
+	const AudioFrame Frame = MidiSequencer.FramePos;
+	// const int32 Denominator = MidiSequencer.Denominator;
+	// const int32 Numerator = MidiSequencer.Numerator;
+	const AudioFrame BarFrameCount = MidiSequencer.GetBar().Frames();
+	const AudioFrame BeatFrameCount = MidiSequencer.GetBeat().Frames();
+	const AudioFrame RangeBegin = Range.GetLowerBoundValue();
+	const AudioFrame RangeEnd = Range.GetUpperBoundValue();
+
+	if (LastSize != Size)
+	{
+		LastSize = Size;
+		PlayListEdit->UpdateTexture(FrameToPixelScaler, TrackHeightManager.TrackHeight.Get());
+	}
+
+	++LayerId;
+	// 绘制轨道间隔线
+	for (int i = 0; i < TrackCount; ++i)
+	{
+		const float TrackPos = TrackHeightManager.GetTrackPos(i);
+		// const float TrackHeight = GetTrackHeight(i);
+		TArray<FVector2f> Points;
+		Points.Add(FVector2f(0, TrackPos));
+		Points.Add(FVector2f(AllottedGeometry.Size.X, TrackPos));
+		FSlateDrawElement::MakeLines(
+			OutDrawElements,
+			LayerId,
+			AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry(),
+			Points,
+			ESlateDrawEffect::None,
+			FLinearColor::White,
+			true,
+			1.f
+		);
+	}
+
+	++LayerId;
+	// 绘制时间间隔线
+	const AudioFrame BarDelta = FMath::Fmod(RangeBegin.Pos, BarFrameCount);
+	for (AudioFrame i = RangeBegin - BarDelta; i < RangeEnd; i += BarFrameCount)
+	{
+		TArray<FVector2f> Points;
+		AudioFrame InX = (i - RangeBegin) * FrameToPixelScaler;
+		Points.Add(FVector2f(InX, 0));
+		Points.Add(FVector2f(InX, Size.Y));
+		FSlateDrawElement::MakeLines(
+			OutDrawElements,
+			++LayerId,
+			AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry(),
+			Points,
+			ESlateDrawEffect::None,
+			SpacingLineColor,
+			true,
+			SpacingLineThickness
+		);
+	}
+	
+	const AudioFrame BeatDelta = FMath::Fmod(RangeBegin, BeatFrameCount);
+	for (float i = RangeBegin - BeatDelta; i < RangeEnd; i += BeatFrameCount)
+	{
+		TArray<FVector2f> Points;
+		Points.Add(FVector2f((i - RangeBegin) * FrameToPixelScaler, 0));
+		Points.Add(FVector2f((i - RangeBegin) * FrameToPixelScaler, Size.Y));
+		FSlateDrawElement::MakeLines(
+			OutDrawElements,
+			++LayerId,
+			AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry(),
+			Points,
+			ESlateDrawEffect::None,
+			SpacingLineColor,
+			true,
+			SpacingLineThickness
+		);
+	}
+
+	++LayerId;
+	{
+		const AudioFrame CurrentFrameX = (Frame - RangeBegin) * FrameToPixelScaler;
+		TArray<FVector2f> Points;
+		Points.Add(FVector2f(CurrentFrameX, 0));
+		Points.Add(FVector2f(CurrentFrameX, Size.Y));
+		FSlateDrawElement::MakeLines(
+			OutDrawElements,
+			++LayerId,
+			AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry(),
+			Points,
+			ESlateDrawEffect::None,
+			FLinearColor::Red,
+			true,
+			1
+		);
+	}
+	
+	LayerId = PlayListEdit->OnPaint(Args, AllottedGeometry, MyCullingRect, OutDrawElements, LayerId, InWidgetStyle, bParentEnabled);
+
+	return SCompoundWidget::OnPaint(Args, AllottedGeometry, MyCullingRect, OutDrawElements, LayerId, InWidgetStyle, bParentEnabled);
+}
+
+FVector2D SPlayListPanel::ComputeDesiredSize(float LayoutScaleMultiplier) const
+{
+	FVector2D Size;
+	Size.X = GetTickSpaceGeometry().Size.X;
+	Size.Y = TrackHeightManager.GetTrackHeight(TrackCount - 1) + TrackHeightManager.GetTrackPos(TrackCount - 1);
+	return Size;
+}
+
+FReply SPlayListPanel::OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	return PlayListEdit->OnMouseButtonDown(MyGeometry, MouseEvent);
+}
+
+FReply SPlayListPanel::OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	return PlayListEdit->OnMouseButtonUp(MyGeometry, MouseEvent);
+}
+
+FReply SPlayListPanel::OnMouseMove(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	return PlayListEdit->OnMouseMove(MyGeometry, MouseEvent);
+}
+
+FReply SPlayListPanel::OnMouseWheel(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& InMouseEvent)
+{
+	return SCompoundWidget::OnMouseWheel(MyGeometry, InMouseEvent);
+}
+
+FReply SPlayListPanel::OnKeyDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& InKeyEvent)
+{
+	return PlayListEdit->OnKeyDown(MyGeometry, InKeyEvent);
+}
+
+FReply SPlayListPanel::OnKeyUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& InKeyEvent)
+{
+	return PlayListEdit->OnKeyUp(MyGeometry, InKeyEvent);
+}
+
+float SPlayListPanel::MidiTickToPixel(MidiTick InMidiTick) const
+{
+	return FrameToPixel(InMidiTick.Frames());
+}
+
+float SPlayListPanel::FrameToPixel(AudioFrame InFrame) const
+{
+	const TRange<double> WidgetRange(0, GetTickSpaceGeometry().Size.X);
+	const TRange<AudioFrame>& CurrentRange = ViewRange.Get();
+	const double FrameBegin = CurrentRange.GetLowerBoundValue();
+	const double FrameEnd = CurrentRange.GetUpperBoundValue();
+	
+	const TRange<double> TempSampleRange(FrameBegin, FrameEnd);
+	return FMath::GetMappedRangeValueClamped<double>(TempSampleRange, WidgetRange, InFrame);
+}
+
+AudioFrame SPlayListPanel::GetSampleToPixelScaler() const
+{
+	return GetTickSpaceGeometry().Size.X / ViewRange.Get().Size<AudioFrame>();
+}
+
+AudioFrame SPlayListPanel::GetPixelToSampleScaler() const
+{
+	return ViewRange.Get().Size<AudioFrame>() / static_cast<double>(GetTickSpaceGeometry().Size.X);
+}
+
+FMargin SPlayListPanel::CalculatePatternInstancePos(FPatternInstance* PatternInstance) const
+{
+	// const double Scaler = GetSampleToPixelScaler();
+	check(PatternInstance->TrackIndex >= 0)
+
+	const TRange<AudioFrame>& Range = ViewRange.Get();
+	FMargin Offset;
+	Offset.Left = (PatternInstance->Pos - Range.GetLowerBoundValue()).Pos * GetSampleToPixelScaler(); // X
+	Offset.Top = TrackHeightManager.GetTrackPos(PatternInstance->TrackIndex); // Y
+	
+	Offset.Bottom = TrackHeightManager.GetTrackHeight(PatternInstance->TrackIndex); // Height
+	Offset.Right = PatternInstance->GetLength().Pos * GetSampleToPixelScaler(); // Width
+	
+	return Offset;
+}
+
+void SPlayListPanel::OnCreatePatternInstance(FPatternInstance* PatternInstance)
+{
+	const TAttribute<FMargin> Offset = TAttribute<FMargin>::Create(TAttribute<FMargin>::FGetter::CreateSP(this, &SPlayListPanel::CalculatePatternInstancePos, PatternInstance));
+	
+	TrackCanvas->AddSlot()
+	.Anchors(FAnchors(0, 0, 0, 0))
+	.Alignment(FVector2D(0, 0))
+	.Offset(Offset)
+	[
+		SNew(SInvalidationPanel)
+        [
+			PlayListEdit->CreatePatternInstanceWidget(PatternInstance)
+        ]
+	];
+}
+
+void SPlayListPanel::OnDeletePatternInstance(FPatternInstance* PatternInstance)
+{
+	TPanelChildren<SConstraintCanvas::FSlot>* Children = (TPanelChildren<SConstraintCanvas::FSlot>*)TrackCanvas->GetChildren();
+	for (int i = 0; i < Children->Num(); ++i)
+	{
+		TSharedRef<SWidget> Widget = Children->GetChildAt(i);
+		TSharedRef<SInvalidationPanel> InvalidationPanel = StaticCastSharedRef<SInvalidationPanel>(Widget);
+		InvalidationPanel->SetCanCache(false);
+		TSharedRef<SWidget> SharedRef = InvalidationPanel->GetChildren()->GetChildAt(0);
+		InvalidationPanel->SetCanCache(true);
+		TSharedRef<SPatternInstance> InstanceWidget = StaticCastSharedRef<SPatternInstance>(SharedRef);
+		if (InstanceWidget->GetPatternInstance() == PatternInstance)
+		{
+			Children->RemoveAt(i);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/SPlayListPanel.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/SPlayListPanel.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1323d68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/PlayListPanel/SPlayListPanel.h
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "FTrackHeightManager.h"
+#include "PlayListPatternTextureManager.h"
+#include "PlayListSelector.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+#include "Pattern/PatternInstance.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/IChildWindow.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/Pattern/SPatternInstance.h"
+
+class SPlayListTimeLine;
+class FPlayListEdit;
+class SConstraintCanvas;
+class SVerticalBox;
+class SScrollBox;
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SPlayListPanel : public SCompoundWidget, public IChildWindow
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SPlayListPanel)
+		{}
+
+	SLATE_ATTRIBUTE(float, TrackHeight)
+	SLATE_ATTRIBUTE(TRange<AudioFrame>, FrameRange)
+	
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs);
+	virtual int32 OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const override;
+	virtual FVector2D ComputeDesiredSize(float LayoutScaleMultiplier) const override;
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnMouseMove(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnMouseWheel(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& InMouseEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnKeyDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& InKeyEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnKeyUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& InKeyEvent) override;
+	
+	// double PixelToMidiTick(float Pixel) const { return Pixel / GetMidiTickToPixelScaler() + MidiTickRange.Get().GetLowerBoundValue(); }
+	AudioFrame PixelToFrame(float Pixel) const { return Pixel / GetSampleToPixelScaler() + ViewRange.Get().GetLowerBoundValue(); }
+	float MidiTickToPixel(MidiTick InMidiTick) const;
+	float FrameToPixel(AudioFrame InFrame) const;
+	float GetMidiTickToPixelScaler() const { return 0.125f; }
+	AudioFrame GetSampleToPixelScaler() const;
+	AudioFrame GetPixelToSampleScaler() const;
+
+	virtual TSharedRef<SWidget> GetWidget() override { return AsShared(); }
+
+	FTrackHeightManager TrackHeightManager;
+
+	int32 TrackCount = 128;
+	float SpacingLineThickness = 1.f;
+	FLinearColor SpacingLineColor = FLinearColor::Gray;
+private:
+	FMargin CalculatePatternInstancePos(FPatternInstance* PatternInstance) const;
+	void OnCreatePatternInstance(FPatternInstance* PatternInstance);
+	void OnDeletePatternInstance(FPatternInstance* PatternInstance);
+	
+	mutable FVector2f LastSize;
+	
+	TSharedPtr<SConstraintCanvas> TrackCanvas;
+	TSharedPtr<FPlayListEdit> PlayListEdit;
+
+	TAttribute<TRange<AudioFrame>> ViewRange;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/SPlayList.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/SPlayList.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..45c0949
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/SPlayList.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SPlayList.h"
+
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "SPlayListTimeLine.h"
+#include "PlayListPanel/SPlayListPanel.h"
+#include "SScrollBox.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+void SPlayList::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs)
+{
+	FrameRange = TRange<AudioFrame>(0, FMidiSequencer::Get().GetBar().Frames() * 16.0);
+	TargetFrameRange = FrameRange;
+	
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SNew(SVerticalBox)
+		+SVerticalBox::Slot()
+		.AutoHeight()
+		.Padding(0, 0, 12, 0)
+		[
+			SAssignNew(TimeLine, SPlayListTimeLine)
+			.FrameRange(this, &SPlayList::GetFrameRange)
+		]
+		+SVerticalBox::Slot()
+		.FillHeight(1.f)
+		[
+			SAssignNew(ScrollBox, SScrollBox)
+			.AnimateWheelScrolling(true)
+			+SScrollBox::Slot()
+			[
+				SAssignNew(PlayListPanel, SPlayListPanel)
+				.TrackHeight(64)
+				.FrameRange(this, &SPlayList::GetFrameRange)
+			]
+		]
+	];
+}
+
+void SPlayList::Tick(const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const double InCurrentTime, const float InDeltaTime)
+{
+	SCompoundWidget::Tick(AllottedGeometry, InCurrentTime, InDeltaTime);
+	FrameRange.SetLowerBoundValue(FMath::FInterpTo<double>(FrameRange.GetLowerBoundValue(), TargetFrameRange.GetLowerBoundValue(), InDeltaTime, 20.f));
+	FrameRange.SetUpperBoundValue(FMath::FInterpTo<double>(FrameRange.GetUpperBoundValue(), TargetFrameRange.GetUpperBoundValue(), InDeltaTime, 20.f));
+}
+
+FReply SPlayList::OnKeyDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& InKeyEvent)
+{
+	if (!InKeyEvent.IsRepeat() && InKeyEvent.GetKey() == EKeys::SpaceBar)
+		FMidiSequencer::Get().TogglePlay();
+	if (!InKeyEvent.IsRepeat() && InKeyEvent.GetKey() == EKeys::LeftControl)
+	{
+		Zooming = true;
+		ScrollBox->SetConsumeMouseWheel(EConsumeMouseWheel::Never);
+	}
+	if (!InKeyEvent.IsRepeat() && InKeyEvent.GetKey() == EKeys::LeftShift)
+	{
+		HorizonScrolling = true;
+		ScrollBox->SetConsumeMouseWheel(EConsumeMouseWheel::Never);
+	}
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+FReply SPlayList::OnKeyUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& InKeyEvent)
+{
+	if (InKeyEvent.GetKey() == EKeys::LeftControl)
+		Zooming = false;
+	if (InKeyEvent.GetKey() == EKeys::LeftShift)
+		HorizonScrolling = false;
+	if (!Zooming && !HorizonScrolling)
+		ScrollBox->SetConsumeMouseWheel(EConsumeMouseWheel::Always);
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+FReply SPlayList::OnMouseWheel(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& InMouseEvent)
+{
+	if (Zooming)
+	{
+		const AudioFrame MinRange = FMidiSequencer::Get().GetBar();
+
+		const TRange<AudioFrame>& CurrentRange = TargetFrameRange;
+		const AudioFrame WheelDelta = InMouseEvent.GetWheelDelta() * GetScalerLevel() * 2; // 乘以2是因为MousePosPercent
+
+		if (WheelDelta.Pos > 0 && CurrentRange.Size<AudioFrame>() <= MinRange)
+			return FReply::Handled();
+
+		const FGeometry& PlayListPanelGeometry = PlayListPanel->GetTickSpaceGeometry();
+		const FVector2f& PanelLocalMouse = PlayListPanelGeometry.AbsoluteToLocal(InMouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition());
+		const double MousePosPercent = PanelLocalMouse.X / PlayListPanelGeometry.Size.X;
+		
+		AudioFrame Low = FMath::Max(0.f, CurrentRange.GetLowerBoundValue() + WheelDelta * MousePosPercent);
+		AudioFrame High = FMath::Max(ExternRange, CurrentRange.GetUpperBoundValue() - WheelDelta * (1 - MousePosPercent));
+		
+		// High = FMath::Min(High, GetDurationWithExtern()); // 不限制缩放的最大范围
+		// 限制最小范围
+		if (WheelDelta.Pos > 0 && High - Low <= MinRange)
+		{
+			const AudioFrame Mid = (Low + High) / 2.0;
+			Low = Mid - MinRange.Pos / 2;
+			High = Mid + MinRange.Pos / 2;
+		}
+		TargetFrameRange = TRange<AudioFrame>(Low, High);
+	}
+	
+	if (HorizonScrolling)
+	{
+		const TRange<AudioFrame>& CurrentRange = TargetFrameRange;
+		const AudioFrame WheelDelta = InMouseEvent.GetWheelDelta() * GetScalerLevel();
+		const AudioFrame Size = CurrentRange.Size<AudioFrame>();
+		const AudioFrame Low = FMath::Max(0.f, CurrentRange.GetLowerBoundValue() - WheelDelta);
+		const AudioFrame High = FMath::Max(Low + Size, CurrentRange.GetUpperBoundValue() - WheelDelta);
+		
+		TargetFrameRange = TRange<AudioFrame>(Low, High);
+	}
+	
+	return SCompoundWidget::OnMouseWheel(MyGeometry, InMouseEvent);
+}
+
+AudioFrame SPlayList::GetScalerLevel()
+{
+	const MidiTick Scaler = PlayListPanel->GetPixelToSampleScaler().Ticks();
+	const FMidiSequencer& Sequencer = FMidiSequencer::Get();
+	const MidiTick Bar = Sequencer.GetBeat();
+	return Bar;
+	
+	if (Scaler > Bar)
+		return Bar;
+	const MidiTick Beat = Sequencer.GetBeat();
+	if (Scaler > Beat)
+		return Beat;
+	return Sequencer.GetTicksPerQuarter();
+}
+
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/SPlayList.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/SPlayList.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..50b5f84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/SPlayList.h
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+#include "SPlayListTrackHead.h"
+#include "Midi/MidiType.h"
+#include "Midi/Time/TimePos.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/IChildWindow.h"
+
+class SPlayListTimeLine;
+class SPlayListPanel;
+class SScrollBox;
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SPlayList : public SCompoundWidget, public IChildWindow
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SPlayList)
+		{}
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs);
+	virtual void Tick(const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const double InCurrentTime, const float InDeltaTime) override;
+	virtual FReply OnKeyDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& InKeyEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnKeyUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FKeyEvent& InKeyEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnMouseWheel(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& InMouseEvent) override;
+	virtual bool SupportsKeyboardFocus() const override { return true; }
+
+	virtual TSharedRef<SWidget> GetWidget() override { return AsShared(); }
+	virtual TSharedPtr<SWidget> GetFocusWidget() override { return GetWidget(); }
+
+	AudioFrame GetScalerLevel();
+	TRange<AudioFrame> GetFrameRange() const { return FrameRange; }
+	
+	TRange<AudioFrame> FrameRange;
+	TRange<AudioFrame> TargetFrameRange;
+	AudioFrame ExternRange = 100;
+private:
+	TSharedPtr<SScrollBox> ScrollBox;
+	TSharedPtr<SPlayListPanel> PlayListPanel;
+	TSharedPtr<SPlayListTimeLine> TimeLine;
+	
+	bool Zooming = false;
+	bool HorizonScrolling = false;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/SPlayListTimeLine.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/SPlayListTimeLine.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c0b94ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/SPlayListTimeLine.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SPlayListTimeLine.h"
+
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+void SPlayListTimeLine::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs)
+{
+	FrameRange = InArgs._FrameRange;
+	/*
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		// Populate the widget
+	];
+	*/
+	MainStepColor = FLinearColor(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f, 1.f);
+	SubStepColor = FLinearColor(0.1f, 0.1f, 0.1f, 1.f);
+}
+
+int32 SPlayListTimeLine::OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const
+{
+	const AudioFrame Step = FMidiSequencer::Get().GetBar().Frames();
+	const AudioFrame SubStep = FMidiSequencer::Get().GetBeat().Frames();
+	
+	const TRange<AudioFrame> Range = FrameRange.Get();
+	
+	const auto& Size = AllottedGeometry.Size;
+	const float FrameToPixelScaler = Size.X / Range.Size<float>();
+	const int32 StepRate = FMath::FloorToInt(Step / SubStep);
+	if (StepRate < 0)
+		return LayerId;
+	
+	const int32 MakerCount = FMath::CeilToInt(Range.Size<float>() / Step) + 1;
+	const int32 SubMakerLineCount = StepRate * MakerCount + 1;
+	
+	const float Offset = FMath::Fmod(Range.GetLowerBoundValue(), Step);
+
+	// Push clip rect
+	FSlateClippingZone ClippingZone(AllottedGeometry);
+	OutDrawElements.PushClip(ClippingZone);
+	
+	++LayerId;
+	// const float SubLinePadding = AllottedGeometry.Size.Y * 0.4f;
+	const FPaintGeometry LinePaintGeometry = AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry();
+	for (int i = 0; i < SubMakerLineCount; ++i)
+	{
+		const bool bIsSubMaker = i % StepRate != 0;
+
+		const float X = (i * SubStep - Offset) * FrameToPixelScaler;
+		// const float YPadding = bIsSubMaker ? SubLinePadding : 0;
+		TArray<FVector2D> Points;
+		Points.Add(FVector2D(X, 0));
+		Points.Add(FVector2D(X, AllottedGeometry.Size.Y));
+		
+		FSlateDrawElement::MakeLines(OutDrawElements, LayerId, LinePaintGeometry, Points, ESlateDrawEffect::None, bIsSubMaker ? SubStepColor : MainStepColor, true, 1.f);
+	}
+	OutDrawElements.PopClip();
+	
+	return LayerId;
+}
+
+FReply SPlayListTimeLine::OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::LeftMouseButton)
+	{
+		SetTimePos(MyGeometry, MouseEvent);
+		return FReply::Handled().CaptureMouse(AsShared());
+	}
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+FReply SPlayListTimeLine::OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::LeftMouseButton)
+		return FReply::Handled().ReleaseMouseCapture();
+	return FReply::Unhandled(); 
+}
+
+FReply SPlayListTimeLine::OnMouseMove(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (MouseEvent.IsMouseButtonDown(EKeys::LeftMouseButton))
+	{
+		SetTimePos(MyGeometry, MouseEvent);
+	}
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+void SPlayListTimeLine::SetTimePos(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	const auto& Size = MyGeometry.Size;
+	const TRange<AudioFrame> Range = FrameRange.Get();
+	const float FrameToPixelScaler = Size.X / Range.Size<float>();
+
+	const float X = MyGeometry.AbsoluteToLocal(MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition()).X;
+	const bool NoSnap = MouseEvent.GetModifierKeys().IsAltDown();
+	AudioFrame Frame = X / FrameToPixelScaler + Range.GetLowerBoundValue();
+	if (!NoSnap)
+		Frame = FMath::GridSnap(Frame.Pos, FMidiSequencer::Get().GetBeat().Frames());
+	if (Frame.Pos < 0)
+		Frame = 0;
+	if (LastFrame == Frame)
+		return;
+	
+	LastFrame = Frame;
+	FMidiSequencer::Get().FramePos = Frame;
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/SPlayListTimeLine.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/SPlayListTimeLine.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db9f756
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/SPlayListTimeLine.h
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SLeafWidget.h"
+#include "Midi/MidiType.h"
+#include "Midi/Time/TimePos.h"
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SPlayListTimeLine : public SLeafWidget
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SPlayListTimeLine)
+		{}
+
+	SLATE_ATTRIBUTE(TRange<AudioFrame>, FrameRange)
+
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs);
+
+	virtual FVector2D ComputeDesiredSize(float LayoutScaleMultiplier) const override { return FVector2D(0, 18); }
+	virtual int32 OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const override;
+
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnMouseMove(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+
+	FLinearColor MainStepColor;
+	FLinearColor SubStepColor;
+private:
+	void SetTimePos(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent);
+	TAttribute<TRange<AudioFrame>> FrameRange;
+	AudioFrame LastFrame = 0;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/SPlayListTrackHead.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/SPlayListTrackHead.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a837abc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/SPlayListTrackHead.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SPlayListTrackHead.h"
+
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+void SPlayListTrackHead::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs)
+{
+	/*
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		// Populate the widget
+	];
+	*/
+}
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/SPlayListTrackHead.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/SPlayListTrackHead.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f6c5d38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/PlayList/SPlayListTrackHead.h
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+#include "Midi/MidiType.h"
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SPlayListTrackHead : public SCompoundWidget
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SPlayListTrackHead)
+		{}
+
+	
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs);
+private:
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SChildWindow.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SChildWindow.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8058ac7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SChildWindow.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SChildWindow.h"
+
+#include "SCanvas.h"
+#include "SConstraintCanvas.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "SWindowTitleBar.h"
+#include "WindowManager.h"
+#include "Thread/MainThreadEventList.h"
+#include "UI/Widget/IChildWindow.h"
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FMainThreadEventList, OnWindowResized,
+	SChildWindow* Window;
+	FVector2f Size;
+)
+{
+	Args.Window->GetOnWindowResize().ExecuteIfBound(Args.Size);
+}
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+void SChildWindow::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, SConstraintCanvas::FSlot* InSlot)
+{
+	Slot = InSlot;
+	Slot->SetAnchors(FAnchors(0.f, 0.f, 0.f, 0.f));
+	Slot->SetAlignment(FVector2D(0, 0));
+	OnClose = InArgs._OnClose;
+	OnWindowMove = InArgs._OnWindowMove;
+	OnWindowResize = InArgs._OnWindowResize;
+	BorderSize = InArgs._BorderSize;
+	ResizeHandleSize = InArgs._ResizeHandleSize;
+	IsSingletonWindow = InArgs._IsSingletonWindow;
+	Content = InArgs._Content;
+	
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SNew(SBorder)
+		[
+			SNew(SVerticalBox)
+			+SVerticalBox::Slot()
+			.AutoHeight()
+			[
+				SNew(SBox)
+				.HeightOverride(GetTitleBarHeight())
+				[
+					SAssignNew(TitleBar, SChildWindowTitleBar)
+						.Title(InArgs._Title)
+						.OnClose_Raw(this, &SChildWindow::OnCloseClicked)
+						.OnWindowMoveDelta_Raw(this, &SChildWindow::MoveWindowDelta)
+						.OnMaximize(this, &SChildWindow::OnMaximize)
+				]
+			]
+			+SVerticalBox::Slot()
+			.FillHeight(1.f)
+			.Padding(BorderSize.X, BorderSize.Y, BorderSize.X, BorderSize.Y + ResizeHandleSize.Y)
+			[
+				Content->GetWidget()
+			]
+		]
+	];
+}
+
+FReply SChildWindow::OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	FWindowManager::Get().FrontChildWindow(SharedThis(this));
+	if (GetCursor() == EMouseCursor::ResizeSouthEast)
+	{
+		BeginResizePos = MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition();
+		BeginResizeMargin = Slot->GetOffset();
+		IsOnResize = true;
+		return FReply::Handled().CaptureMouse(AsShared());
+	}
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+FReply SChildWindow::OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	TitleBar->OnMouseButtonUp(MyGeometry, MouseEvent);
+	if (IsOnResize)
+	{
+		IsOnResize = false;
+		return FReply::Handled().ReleaseMouseCapture();
+	}
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+FReply SChildWindow::OnMouseMove(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (TitleBar->IsMaximized())
+		return FReply::Unhandled();
+	
+	if (IsOnResize)
+	{
+		const FVector2D Offset = (BeginResizePos - MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition()) / MyGeometry.Scale;
+		
+		FMargin Margin = BeginResizeMargin;
+		Margin.Right = BeginResizeMargin.Right - Offset.X;
+		Margin.Bottom = BeginResizeMargin.Bottom - Offset.Y;
+		
+		Margin.Right = FMath::Max(Margin.Right, 50);
+		Margin.Bottom = FMath::Max(Margin.Bottom, GetTitleBarHeight() + ResizeHandleSize.Y);
+		const FVector2f& Size = Margin.GetDesiredSize2f();
+		// PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(OnWindowResized, this, Size);
+		OnWindowResize.ExecuteIfBound(Size);
+		Slot->SetOffset(Margin);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		const FVector2D LocalMousePos = MyGeometry.AbsoluteToLocal(MouseEvent.GetScreenSpacePosition());
+		const FVector2D ResizeLU = MyGeometry.Size - ResizeHandleSize; // Resize handle left up 
+		
+		if (LocalMousePos.ComponentwiseAllGreaterThan(ResizeLU))
+		{
+			SetCursor(EMouseCursor::ResizeSouthEast);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			SetCursor(EMouseCursor::Default);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+void SChildWindow::MoveWindow(FVector2f Position)
+{
+	Position = FVector2f::Max(Position, FVector2f::ZeroVector);
+	Position = FVector2f::Min(Position, GetDesiredSize());
+	
+	FMargin Margin = Slot->GetOffset();
+	Margin.Left = Position.X;
+	Margin.Top = Position.Y;
+	Slot->SetOffset(Margin);
+	Position.Y += GetTitleBarHeight();
+	Position.X += BorderSize.X;
+	OnWindowMove.ExecuteIfBound(Position);
+}
+
+float SChildWindow::GetTitleBarHeight()
+{
+	return 24;
+}
+
+void SChildWindow::MoveWindowDelta(FVector2f Delta)
+{
+	FMargin Margin = Slot->GetOffset();
+	Margin.Left += Delta.X;
+	Margin.Top += Delta.Y;
+	
+	const FVector2f& ParentSize = GetParentWidget()->GetTickSpaceGeometry().Size;
+	Margin.Left = FMath::Max(Margin.Left, 0);
+	Margin.Top = FMath::Max(Margin.Top, 0);
+	Margin.Left = FMath::Min(Margin.Left, ParentSize.X - 100);
+	Margin.Top = FMath::Min(Margin.Top, ParentSize.Y - 100);
+	
+	Slot->SetOffset(Margin);
+	
+	FVector2f WindowPos(Margin.Left, Margin.Top);
+	WindowPos.Y += GetTitleBarHeight();
+	WindowPos.X += BorderSize.X;
+	OnWindowMove.ExecuteIfBound(WindowPos);
+}
+
+void SChildWindow::ResizeWindow(FVector2f Size)
+{
+	const float TitleBarHeight = GetTitleBarHeight();
+	FMargin Margin = Slot->GetOffset();
+	Margin.Right = Size.X + BorderSize.X * 2;
+	Margin.Bottom = Size.Y + TitleBarHeight + BorderSize.Y * 2;
+	Slot->SetOffset(Margin);
+	OnWindowResize.ExecuteIfBound(Size);
+}
+
+void SChildWindow::OnMaximize(bool bArg)
+{
+	if (bArg)
+	{
+		LastMargin = Slot->GetOffset();
+		Slot->SetAnchors(FAnchors(0.f, 0.f, 1.f, 1.f));
+		Slot->SetOffset(FMargin(0, 0, 0, 0));
+		// PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(OnWindowResized, this, Slot->GetOwner()->GetOwner().GetTickSpaceGeometry().Size);
+		OnWindowResize.ExecuteIfBound(Slot->GetOwner()->GetOwner().GetTickSpaceGeometry().Size);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		Slot->SetAnchors(FAnchors(0.f, 0.f, 0.f, 0.f));
+		Slot->SetOffset(LastMargin);
+		// PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(OnWindowResized, this, Slot->GetOwner()->GetOwner().GetTickSpaceGeometry().Size);
+		OnWindowResize.ExecuteIfBound(Slot->GetOwner()->GetOwner().GetTickSpaceGeometry().Size);
+	}
+}
+
+void SChildWindow::OnCloseClicked()
+{
+	if (IsSingletonWindow)
+	{
+		SetVisibility(EVisibility::Collapsed);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		if (const TSharedPtr<SConstraintCanvas> Parent = StaticCastSharedPtr<SConstraintCanvas>(GetParentWidget()))
+			Parent->RemoveSlot(AsShared());
+	}
+	OnClose.ExecuteIfBound();
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SChildWindow.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SChildWindow.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..83df517
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SChildWindow.h
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SChildWindowTitleBar.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+#include "SConstraintCanvas.h"
+
+class IChildWindow;
+class SChildWindowTitleBar;
+class SNativeChildWindow;
+class SHorizontalBox;
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SChildWindow : public SCompoundWidget
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SChildWindow):
+		_Title(),
+		_BorderSize(2),
+		_ResizeHandleSize(16)
+		{
+		}
+	
+
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(TSharedPtr<IChildWindow>, Content)
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(FString, Title)
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(FVector2D, BorderSize)
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(bool, IsSingletonWindow)
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(FVector2D, ResizeHandleSize)
+
+	SLATE_EVENT(FSimpleDelegate, OnClose)
+	SLATE_EVENT(FWindowVector2fEvent, OnWindowMove)
+	SLATE_EVENT(FWindowVector2fEvent, OnWindowResize)
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs, SConstraintCanvas::FSlot* InSlot);
+
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnMouseMove(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+
+	void MoveWindow(FVector2f Position); // 相对于父窗口的位置
+	static float GetTitleBarHeight();
+	void MoveWindowDelta(FVector2f Delta);
+	void ResizeWindow(FVector2f Size); // 相对于父窗口的大小
+
+	SConstraintCanvas::FSlot* GetSlot() const { return Slot; }
+
+	FVector2f GetWindowSize() const { return Slot->GetOffset().GetDesiredSize2f(); }
+	void SetOnWindowResize(FWindowVector2fEvent InOnWindowResize) { OnWindowResize = InOnWindowResize; }
+	FWindowVector2fEvent& GetOnWindowResize() { return OnWindowResize; }
+	void OnMaximize(bool bArg);
+
+	TSharedPtr<IChildWindow> Content;
+private:
+	void OnCloseClicked();
+	SConstraintCanvas::FSlot* Slot = nullptr;
+	FSimpleDelegate OnClose;
+	FWindowVector2fEvent OnWindowMove;
+	FWindowVector2fEvent OnWindowResize;
+	FVector2D BorderSize;
+	FVector2D ResizeHandleSize;
+	FVector2D BeginResizePos;
+	FMargin LastMargin;
+	FMargin BeginResizeMargin;
+	bool IsSingletonWindow = false;
+	bool IsOnResize = false;
+	
+	TSharedPtr<SChildWindowTitleBar> TitleBar;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SChildWindowTitleBar.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SChildWindowTitleBar.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1aba4b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SChildWindowTitleBar.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SChildWindowTitleBar.h"
+
+#include "UI/Style/AronaStyle.h"
+#include "SButton.h"
+#include "SImage.h"
+#include "SlateApplication.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "STextBlock.h"
+
+#include "Widgets/SBoxPanel.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+void SChildWindowTitleBar::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs)
+{
+	OnClose = InArgs._OnClose;
+	OnWindowMoveDelta = InArgs._OnWindowMoveDelta;
+	OnMaximize = InArgs._OnMaximize;
+	
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SNew(SHorizontalBox)
+		+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+		.VAlign(VAlign_Center)
+		.Padding(5, 0, 0, 0)
+		[
+			SNew(STextBlock)
+			.Text(FText::FromString(InArgs._Title))
+		]
+		+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+		.HAlign(HAlign_Right)
+		.VAlign(VAlign_Center)
+		.AutoWidth()
+		[
+			SNew(SButton)
+			.DesiredSizeScale(FVector2D(16))
+			.ButtonStyle(FAronaStyle::GetButtonStyle(CloseButtonStyleName))
+			.OnClicked_Raw(this, &SChildWindowTitleBar::OnCloseClicked)
+		]
+	];
+}
+
+FReply SChildWindowTitleBar::OnMouseButtonDoubleClick(const FGeometry& InMyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& InMouseEvent)
+{
+	if (InMouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::LeftMouseButton)
+	{
+		ToggleMaximize();
+		return FReply::Handled();
+	}
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+FReply SChildWindowTitleBar::OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (bIsMaximized)
+		return FReply::Unhandled();
+	if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::LeftMouseButton)
+	{
+		OnMouseLeftButtonDown = true;
+		return FReply::Unhandled().CaptureMouse(AsShared());
+	}
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+FReply SChildWindowTitleBar::OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (bIsMaximized)
+		return FReply::Unhandled().ReleaseMouseCapture();
+	if (MouseEvent.GetEffectingButton() == EKeys::LeftMouseButton)
+	{
+		OnMouseLeftButtonDown = false;
+		return FReply::Unhandled().ReleaseMouseCapture();
+	}
+	return FReply::Unhandled().ReleaseMouseCapture();
+}
+
+FReply SChildWindowTitleBar::OnMouseMove(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent)
+{
+	if (bIsMaximized)
+		return FReply::Unhandled();
+	if (OnMouseLeftButtonDown)
+	{
+		OnWindowMoveDelta.ExecuteIfBound(MouseEvent.GetCursorDelta() / MyGeometry.Scale);
+		return FReply::Handled();
+	}
+	return FReply::Unhandled();
+}
+
+void SChildWindowTitleBar::ToggleMaximize()
+{
+	bIsMaximized = !bIsMaximized;
+	OnMaximize.ExecuteIfBound(bIsMaximized);
+}
+
+FReply SChildWindowTitleBar::OnCloseClicked()
+{
+	OnClose.ExecuteIfBound();
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SChildWindowTitleBar.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SChildWindowTitleBar.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0602756
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SChildWindowTitleBar.h
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+
+DECLARE_DELEGATE_OneParam(FWindowVector2fEvent, FVector2f);
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SChildWindowTitleBar : public SCompoundWidget
+{
+public:
+	DECLARE_DELEGATE_OneParam(FOnMaximize, bool);
+	
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SChildWindowTitleBar)
+		{
+		}
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(FString, Title)
+	SLATE_EVENT(FSimpleDelegate, OnClose)
+	SLATE_EVENT(FWindowVector2fEvent, OnWindowMoveDelta)
+	SLATE_EVENT(FOnMaximize, OnMaximize)
+	
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs);
+	
+
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonDoubleClick(const FGeometry& InMyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& InMouseEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonDown(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnMouseButtonUp(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	virtual FReply OnMouseMove(const FGeometry& MyGeometry, const FPointerEvent& MouseEvent) override;
+	void ToggleMaximize();
+	bool IsMaximized() const { return bIsMaximized; }
+private:
+	FReply OnCloseClicked();
+	bool OnMouseLeftButtonDown = false;
+
+	FOnMaximize OnMaximize;
+	FSimpleDelegate OnClose;
+	FWindowVector2fEvent OnWindowMoveDelta;
+	bool bIsMaximized = false;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SMainWindow.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SMainWindow.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c519cf5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SMainWindow.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SMainWindow.h"
+
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SMainWindow.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SMainWindow.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..77fc0e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SMainWindow.h
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+#include "SWindow.h"
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SMainWindow : public SWindow
+{
+public:
+
+	virtual bool SupportsKeyboardFocus() const override { return false; }
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SMainWindowHeader.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SMainWindowHeader.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a7dd293
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SMainWindowHeader.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SMainWindowHeader.h"
+
+#include "Singleton/PortAudioAPI.h"
+#include "SButton.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+#include "SProgressBar.h"
+#include "WindowManager.h"
+#include "ChannelRack/ChannelRack.h"
+#include "PatternThumbnail/SPatternSelector.h"
+#include "Widgets/SBoxPanel.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+TOptional<float> SMainWindowHeader::GetProgress() const
+{
+	return FPortAudioAPI::Get().GetBufferLoad();
+}
+
+void SMainWindowHeader::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs)
+{
+	OnChannelRackClicked = InArgs._OnChannelRackClicked;
+	OnMixerClicked = InArgs._OnMixerClicked;
+	
+	ChildSlot
+	[
+		SNew(SHorizontalBox)
+		+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+		.AutoWidth()
+		[
+			SNew(SButton)
+			.Text(FText::FromString("ChannelRack"))
+			.OnClicked_Raw(this, &SMainWindowHeader::ToggleChannelRack)
+		]
+		+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+		.AutoWidth()
+		[
+			SNew(SButton)
+			.Text(FText::FromString("Mixer"))
+			.OnClicked_Raw(this, &SMainWindowHeader::ToggleMixer)
+		]
+		+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+		.AutoWidth()
+		[
+			SNew(SProgressBar)
+			.Percent(this, &SMainWindowHeader::GetProgress)
+		]
+		+SHorizontalBox::Slot()
+		.AutoWidth()
+		.VAlign(EVerticalAlignment::VAlign_Fill)
+		[
+			SNew(SBox)
+			.WidthOverride(200)
+			[
+				SNew(SPatternSelector)
+			]
+		]
+	];
+}
+
+FReply SMainWindowHeader::ToggleChannelRack()
+{
+	OnChannelRackClicked.ExecuteIfBound();
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+FReply SMainWindowHeader::ToggleMixer()
+{
+	OnMixerClicked.ExecuteIfBound();
+	return FReply::Handled();
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SMainWindowHeader.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SMainWindowHeader.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..594eaaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SMainWindowHeader.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SMainWindowHeader : public SCompoundWidget
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SMainWindowHeader)
+		{
+		}
+	
+	SLATE_EVENT(FSimpleDelegate, OnChannelRackClicked)
+	SLATE_EVENT(FSimpleDelegate, OnMixerClicked)
+
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	TOptional<float> GetProgress() const;
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs);
+private:
+	FReply ToggleChannelRack();
+	FReply ToggleMixer();
+	
+	FSimpleDelegate OnChannelRackClicked;
+	FSimpleDelegate OnMixerClicked;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SUpdatableImage.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SUpdatableImage.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fc5fbbf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SUpdatableImage.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SUpdatableImage.h"
+
+#include "SlateApplication.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+SUpdatableImage::SUpdatableImage()
+{
+	LastSize = FIntPoint::ZeroValue;
+	SetVolatilePrepass(false);
+}
+
+void SUpdatableImage::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs)
+{
+	FixedWidth = InArgs._FixedWidth;
+	FixedHeight = InArgs._FixedHeight;
+	MaxWidth = InArgs._MaxWidth;
+	MaxHeight = InArgs._MaxHeight;
+	
+	Texture = MakeShareable(new FUpdatableTexture(FIntPoint(16, 16)));
+	Texture->RedrawImage = InArgs._OnPostResize;
+}
+
+void SUpdatableImage::NeedRedraw()
+{
+	Invalidate(EInvalidateWidgetReason::Paint);
+	ForceRedraw = true;
+}
+
+void SUpdatableImage::Resize(FIntPoint NewSize, bool Immediate)
+{
+	if (Immediate)
+	{
+		if (FixedHeight.IsSet())
+			NewSize.Y = FixedHeight.GetValue();
+		if (FixedWidth.IsSet())
+			NewSize.X = FixedWidth.GetValue();
+		if (MaxHeight.IsSet())
+			NewSize.Y = FMath::Min(NewSize.Y, MaxHeight.GetValue());
+		if (MaxWidth.IsSet())
+			NewSize.X = FMath::Min(NewSize.X, MaxWidth.GetValue());
+		Texture->Resize(NewSize);
+	}
+}
+
+void SUpdatableImage::AsyncUpdate() const
+{
+	Texture->Resize(FIntPoint(LastSize.X, LastSize.Y));
+	Texture->RequestUpdate(true);
+}
+
+int32 SUpdatableImage::OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const
+{
+	const auto& CurrentSize = AllottedGeometry.GetAbsoluteSize();
+	FIntPoint CurrentSizeInt(CurrentSize.X, CurrentSize.Y);
+
+	if (FixedHeight.IsSet())
+		CurrentSizeInt.Y = FixedHeight.GetValue();
+	if (FixedWidth.IsSet())
+		CurrentSizeInt.X = FixedWidth.GetValue();
+	if (MaxHeight.IsSet())
+		CurrentSizeInt.Y = FMath::Min(CurrentSizeInt.Y, MaxHeight.GetValue());
+	if (MaxWidth.IsSet())
+		CurrentSizeInt.X = FMath::Min(CurrentSizeInt.X, MaxWidth.GetValue());
+	
+	if (ForceRedraw || LastSize != CurrentSizeInt)
+	{
+		LastSize = CurrentSizeInt;
+		ForceRedraw = false;
+		AsyncUpdate();
+	}
+	FSlateDrawElement::MakeViewport(OutDrawElements, LayerId, AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry(), Texture, ESlateDrawEffect::None, FLinearColor::White);
+	return ++LayerId;
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SUpdatableImage.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SUpdatableImage.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f26924a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SUpdatableImage.h
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+#include "SlateInvalidationRoot.h"
+#include "SLeafWidget.h"
+#include "Render/UpdatableTexture.h"
+#include "Misc/CallRateLimiter.h"
+
+class SUpdatableImage;
+class FUpdatableTexture;
+class FSlateUpdatableTexture;
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SUpdatableImage : public SLeafWidget
+{
+	friend class FUpdatableTexture;
+public:
+	SUpdatableImage();
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SUpdatableImage):
+		_UpdateInterval(0.1f),
+		_FixedWidth(),
+		_FixedHeight()
+		{}
+
+	SLATE_EVENT(FUpdatableImageDataEvent, OnPostResize)
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(float, UpdateInterval)
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(TOptional<int32>, FixedWidth)
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(TOptional<int32>, FixedHeight)
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(TOptional<int32>, MaxWidth)
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(TOptional<int32>, MaxHeight)
+	
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs);
+
+	void NeedRedraw();
+	
+	void Resize(FIntPoint NewSize, bool Immediate = false);
+	
+	virtual int32 OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const override;
+	virtual FVector2D ComputeDesiredSize(float LayoutScaleMultiplier) const override { return FVector2D(LastSize); }
+	
+	TOptional<int32> FixedWidth;
+	TOptional<int32> FixedHeight;
+	TOptional<int32> MaxWidth;
+	TOptional<int32> MaxHeight;
+private:
+	void AsyncUpdate() const;
+	
+	mutable FVector2f LastSize;
+	TSharedPtr<FUpdatableTexture> Texture;
+	mutable bool ForceRedraw = false;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SUpdatableTexture.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SUpdatableTexture.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc261fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SUpdatableTexture.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SUpdatableTexture.h"
+
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+void SUpdatableTexture::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs)
+{
+	Texture = InArgs._Texture;
+}
+
+int32 SUpdatableTexture::OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const
+{
+	if (!Texture.IsValid())
+		return LayerId;
+
+	FSlateDrawElement::MakeViewport(OutDrawElements, ++LayerId, AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry(), Texture, ESlateDrawEffect::None, FLinearColor::White);
+	return LayerId;
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SUpdatableTexture.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SUpdatableTexture.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..53648a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SUpdatableTexture.h
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SLeafWidget.h"
+#include "Render/UpdatableTexture.h"
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SUpdatableTexture : public SLeafWidget
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SUpdatableTexture)
+		{}
+
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(TSharedPtr<FUpdatableTexture>, Texture)
+	
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs);
+
+	virtual FVector2D ComputeDesiredSize(float LayoutScaleMultiplier) const override { return Texture->GetSize(); }
+	virtual int32 OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const override;
+
+	TSharedPtr<FUpdatableTexture> GetTexture() const { return Texture; }
+private:
+	TSharedPtr<FUpdatableTexture> Texture;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SVolumeMeterBar.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SVolumeMeterBar.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f48fd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SVolumeMeterBar.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+
+#include "SVolumeMeterBar.h"
+
+#include "Dsp.h"
+#include "UI/Style/AronaStyle.h"
+#include "SlateOptMacros.h"
+
+BEGIN_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
+
+void SVolumeMeterBar::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs)
+{
+	Width = InArgs._Width;
+	MeterValue = InArgs._MeterValue;
+	Mode = InArgs._Mode;
+	MinValue = InArgs._MinValue;
+	MaxValue = InArgs._MaxValue;
+}
+
+int32 SVolumeMeterBar::OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect,
+	FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle,
+	bool bParentEnabled) const
+{
+	const float BarSpace = FAronaStyle::GetValue<float>(VolumeMeterBarSpace);
+	
+	const TArray<float>& CurrentValue = MeterValue.Get();
+	if (CurrentValue.Num() == 0)
+	{
+		return LayerId;
+	}
+	
+	float CursorX = 0;
+	for (int i = 0; i < CurrentValue.Num(); ++i)
+	{
+		float Value;
+		switch (Mode)
+		{
+			case EVolumeMeterMode::Linear:
+				Value = CurrentValue[i];
+			break;
+			case EVolumeMeterMode::Decibel:
+				Value = Audio::ConvertToDecibels(CurrentValue[i]);
+			break;
+			default:
+				Value = 0;
+		}
+		Value = FMath::Clamp(Value, MinValue, MaxValue);
+		const float Height = (Value - MinValue) / (MaxValue - MinValue) * AllottedGeometry.Size.Y;
+		
+		FSlateDrawElement::MakeBox(
+			OutDrawElements,
+			++LayerId,
+			AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry(FVector2D(Width, Height), FSlateLayoutTransform(1.f, TransformPoint(1.f, FVector2f(CursorX, AllottedGeometry.Size.Y - Height)))),
+			FAronaStyle::GetSlateBrush(VolumeMeterBar),
+			ESlateDrawEffect::None,
+			FLinearColor::Red
+		);
+
+		CursorX += Width + BarSpace;
+	}
+	return LayerId;
+}
+
+FVector2D SVolumeMeterBar::ComputeDesiredSize(float LayoutScaleMultiplier) const
+{
+	return FVector2D(Width, 0);
+}
+
+END_SLATE_FUNCTION_BUILD_OPTIMIZATION
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SVolumeMeterBar.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SVolumeMeterBar.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..66ddc79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/SVolumeMeterBar.h
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "SCompoundWidget.h"
+#include "SLeafWidget.h"
+
+enum class EVolumeMeterMode
+{
+	Linear,
+	Decibel
+};
+
+/**
+ * 
+ */
+class ARONA_API SVolumeMeterBar : public SLeafWidget
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SVolumeMeterBar):
+	_Mode(EVolumeMeterMode::Decibel),
+	_Width(20),
+	_MinValue(-100),
+	_MaxValue(10)
+		{
+		}
+	
+	SLATE_ATTRIBUTE(TArray<float>, MeterValue)
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(EVolumeMeterMode, Mode)
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(float, Width)
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(float, MinValue)
+	SLATE_ARGUMENT(float, MaxValue)
+	
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs);
+	
+	virtual int32 OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const override;
+	virtual FVector2D ComputeDesiredSize(float LayoutScaleMultiplier) const override;
+private:
+	float Width;
+	TAttribute<TArray<float>> MeterValue;
+	EVolumeMeterMode Mode;
+	
+	float MinValue = -100;
+	float MaxValue = 10;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Thumbnail.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Thumbnail.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..88ead2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Thumbnail.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+#include "Thumbnail.h"
+
+#include "Render/UpdatableTexture.h"
+#include "Midi/MidiMessageSequence.h"
+#include "Pattern/MidiPattern.h"
+#include "PluginHost/PluginHost.h"
+
+namespace Thumbnail
+{
+	void GenerateMidiPatternThumbnail(const FMidiPattern* MidiPattern, FImageData& Data, FColor NoteColor)
+	{
+		TRange<int32> NoteRange = TRange<int32>::Empty();
+		int32 EndTime = 0;
+		const TMap<FPluginHost*, FMidiMessageSequence>& AllSequence = MidiPattern->GetSequence();
+		for (const auto& Sequence : AllSequence)
+		{
+			TRange<int32> CurrentNoteRange = Sequence.Value.GetNoteRange();
+			const int32 Min = FMath::Min(NoteRange.GetLowerBoundValue(), CurrentNoteRange.GetLowerBoundValue());
+			const int32 Max = FMath::Max(NoteRange.GetUpperBoundValue(), CurrentNoteRange.GetUpperBoundValue());
+			NoteRange.SetLowerBound(Min);
+			NoteRange.SetUpperBound(Max);
+			EndTime = FMath::Max(EndTime, Sequence.Value.getEndTime());
+		}
+		const int32 NoteRangeSize = NoteRange.Size<int32>() + 1;
+		const FIntPoint& ImageSize = Data.TextureSize;
+
+		// 根据音符范围计算每个音符的高度
+		float NoteHeight;
+		if (NoteRangeSize == 1)
+		{
+			NoteHeight = ImageSize.Y * 0.2f;
+			NoteRange.SetLowerBound(NoteRange.GetLowerBoundValue() - 2);
+			NoteRange.SetUpperBound(NoteRange.GetUpperBoundValue() + 2);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			NoteHeight = ImageSize.Y / (float)NoteRangeSize;
+		}
+
+		for (const auto& Tuple : AllSequence)
+		{
+			const FMidiMessageSequence& MidiMessageSequence = Tuple.Value;
+			// 绘制音符
+			for (int32 i = 0; i < MidiMessageSequence.getNumEvents(); ++i)
+			{
+				FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* MidiEventHolder = MidiMessageSequence.getEventPointer(i);
+				const FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* NoteOffObject = MidiEventHolder->noteOffObject;
+				if (!NoteOffObject)
+					continue;
+		
+				FMidiMessage& MidiEvent = MidiEventHolder->message;
+				const double EventTime = MidiEvent.getTimeStamp();
+				const double EventDuration = NoteOffObject->message.getTimeStamp() - EventTime;
+				// if (EventTime > EndTime)
+				// 	break;
+		
+				const int32 Note = MidiEvent.getNoteNumber() - NoteRange.GetLowerBoundValue();
+				const float NoteY = ImageSize.Y - (Note * NoteHeight) - NoteHeight;
+		
+				const float NoteWidth = EventDuration / EndTime * ImageSize.X;
+				const float NoteX = EventTime / EndTime * ImageSize.X;
+		
+				for (int32 x = NoteX; x < NoteX + NoteWidth; ++x)
+				{
+					for (int32 y = NoteY; y < NoteY + NoteHeight; ++y)
+					{
+#if !UE_BUILD_SHIPPING
+						check(x < ImageSize.X)
+						check(y < ImageSize.Y)
+						#endif
+						Data.DrawPixel(x, y, NoteColor);
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	
+	void GenerateMidiThumbnail(const FMidiMessageSequence* MidiMessageSequence, FImageData& Data)
+	{
+		TRange<int32> NoteRange = MidiMessageSequence->GetNoteRange();
+		if (NoteRange.GetLowerBoundValue() == FMidiMessage::MaxNoteNumber && NoteRange.GetUpperBoundValue() == 0)
+			return;
+		const int32 NoteRangeSize = NoteRange.Size<int32>() + 1;
+		const FIntPoint& ImageSize = Data.TextureSize;
+		const double EndTime = MidiMessageSequence->getEndTime();
+
+		// 根据音符范围计算每个音符的高度
+		float NoteHeight;
+		if (NoteRangeSize == 1)
+		{
+			NoteHeight = ImageSize.Y * 0.2f;
+			NoteRange.SetLowerBound(NoteRange.GetLowerBoundValue() - 2);
+			NoteRange.SetUpperBound(NoteRange.GetUpperBoundValue() + 2);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			NoteHeight = ImageSize.Y / (float)NoteRangeSize;
+		}
+	
+		// 绘制音符
+		for (int32 i = 0; i < MidiMessageSequence->getNumEvents(); ++i)
+		{
+			FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* MidiEventHolder = MidiMessageSequence->getEventPointer(i);
+			const FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* NoteOffObject = MidiEventHolder->noteOffObject;
+			if (!NoteOffObject)
+				continue;
+		
+			FMidiMessage& MidiEvent = MidiEventHolder->message;
+			const double EventTime = MidiEvent.getTimeStamp();
+			const double EventDuration = NoteOffObject->message.getTimeStamp() - EventTime;
+			// if (EventTime > EndTime)
+			// 	break;
+		
+			const int32 Note = MidiEvent.getNoteNumber() - NoteRange.GetLowerBoundValue();
+			const float NoteY = ImageSize.Y - (Note * NoteHeight) - NoteHeight;
+			// const float NoteHeightHalf = NoteHeight * 0.5f;
+			const int32 NoteVelocity = MidiEvent.getVelocity();
+			const float NoteWidth = EventDuration / EndTime * ImageSize.X;
+			const float NoteX = EventTime / EndTime * ImageSize.X;
+			const FColor NoteColor = FColor::MakeRedToGreenColorFromScalar((float)NoteVelocity / 127.f);
+			for (int32 x = NoteX; x < NoteX + NoteWidth; ++x)
+			{
+				for (int32 y = NoteY; y < NoteY + NoteHeight; ++y)
+				{
+#if !UE_BUILD_SHIPPING
+					check(x < ImageSize.X)
+					check(y < ImageSize.Y)
+					#endif
+					Data.DrawPixel(x, y, NoteColor);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	void GenerateWaveformRange1(FImageData& ImageData, const TArray<TArray<float>>& SampleBuffer, const int32 Channels, int64 SampleCount, TRange<int32> SampleRange)
+	{
+		const auto& ImageSize = ImageData.TextureSize;
+		const uint32 FrameCount = SampleCount / Channels;
+
+		const float XScaler = static_cast<float>(ImageSize.X) / FrameCount;
+		
+		const int32 HalfChannelHeight = ImageSize.Y / (Channels * 2);
+		const uint32 BeginFrame = SampleRange.GetLowerBoundValue() / Channels; 
+		
+		int32 End = SampleRange.GetUpperBoundValue();
+		
+		if (XScaler > 0.003)
+		{
+			// 绘制波形(连线)
+			for (int Channel = 0; Channel < Channels; ++Channel)
+			{
+				const float& Clamp = FMath::Clamp(SampleBuffer[Channel][BeginFrame], -1, 1);
+				float LastY = (Clamp + 1) * HalfChannelHeight + HalfChannelHeight * Channel * 2;
+				float LastX = BeginFrame * XScaler;
+				for (uint32 i = BeginFrame + 1; i < FrameCount; i++)
+				{
+					const int32 X = i / Channels * XScaler;
+					if (X >= ImageSize.X)
+						continue;
+					
+					const float& Element = FMath::Clamp(SampleBuffer[Channel][i], -1, 1);
+					float Y = (Element + 1) * HalfChannelHeight + Channel * HalfChannelHeight * 2 + 1;
+					Y = FMath::Min(Y, ImageSize.Y - 1);
+					ImageData.DrawLine(FIntPoint(LastX, LastY), FIntPoint(X, Y), FColor::Green);
+					LastX = X;
+					LastY = Y;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			// 绘制波形(点)
+			for (int32 Channel = 0; Channel < Channels; ++Channel)
+			{
+				for (uint32 i = BeginFrame; i < FrameCount; i++)
+				{
+					const float& Element = FMath::Clamp(SampleBuffer[Channel][i], -1, 1);
+					const int32 Y = (Element + 1) * HalfChannelHeight + Channel * HalfChannelHeight * 2;
+					const int32 X = i * XScaler;
+					if (X >= ImageSize.X)
+						continue;
+		
+					ImageData.DrawPixel(X, FMath::Min(Y, ImageData.TextureSize.Y - 1), FColor::Green);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+
+	void GenerateWaveformRange(FImageData& ImageData, const TArray<TArray64<float>>& SampleBuffer, const int32 Channels, int64 FullFrameCount, TRange<int32> FrameRange)
+	{
+		const int Width = ImageData.TextureSize.X;
+		const int Height = ImageData.TextureSize.Y;
+    
+		const float HalfHeight = Height * 0.5f;
+
+		const int64 BeginFrame = FrameRange.GetLowerBoundValue();
+		const int64 EndFrame = FrameRange.GetUpperBoundValue();
+		int64 FrameIndex = BeginFrame;
+		
+		const double SampleZoom = (double)FrameRange.Size<int32>() / Width;
+
+		// const int32& BeginX = FMath::FloorToInt(BeginFrame / SampleZoom);
+		// const int32& EndX = FMath::Min(Width - 1, FMath::FloorToInt(EndFrame / SampleZoom));
+		for (int32 X = 0; X < Width; ++X)
+		{
+			if (FrameIndex >= EndFrame || FrameIndex >= FullFrameCount) break;
+
+			float cand_min = FLT_MAX;
+			float cand_max = FLT_MIN;
+			int total_advance = SampleZoom;
+			do
+			{
+				if (FrameIndex >= EndFrame || FrameIndex >= FullFrameCount) break;
+				const float& Sample = SampleBuffer[0][FrameIndex];
+				if (cand_min > Sample) 
+					cand_min = Sample;
+				if (cand_max < Sample) 
+					cand_max = Sample;
+				if (total_advance > 0)
+					FrameIndex++;
+			}
+			while (--total_advance > 0);
+
+			int32 y1 = (cand_min + 1) * HalfHeight;
+			int32 y2 = (cand_max + 1) * HalfHeight;
+			if (y1 > y2)
+			{
+				y2 ^= y1;
+				y1 ^= y2;
+				y2 ^= y1;
+			}
+			if (y1 < 0) y1 = 0;
+			if (y1 >= Height) y1 = Height - 1;
+			if (y2 < 0) y2 = 0;
+			if (y2 >= Height) y2 = Height - 1;
+
+			const int s1 = Height - y1 - 1;
+			const int s2 = Height - y2 - 1;
+        
+			for (int Y = s2; Y <= s1; Y++)
+			{
+				ImageData.DrawPixel(X, Y, FColor::Green);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	TArray<float> GenerateWaveformData(int32 Width, const TArray<TArray64<float>>& SampleBuffer, int64 FullFrameCount, TRange<uint32> FrameRange)
+	{
+		TArray<float> Result; // X: Top Y: Bottom
+		Result.Reset(Width * 2);
+		const int64 BeginFrame = FrameRange.GetLowerBoundValue();
+		const int64 EndFrame = FrameRange.GetUpperBoundValue();
+		int64 FrameIndex = BeginFrame;
+		
+		const double SampleZoom = (double)FrameRange.Size<int32>() / Width;
+		for (int32 X = 0; X < Width; ++X)
+		{
+			if (FrameIndex >= EndFrame || FrameIndex >= FullFrameCount) break;
+
+			float cand_min = FLT_MAX;
+			float cand_max = FLT_MIN;
+			int total_advance = SampleZoom;
+			do
+			{
+				if (FrameIndex >= EndFrame || FrameIndex >= FullFrameCount) break;
+				const float& Sample = SampleBuffer[0][FrameIndex];
+				if (cand_min > Sample) 
+					cand_min = Sample;
+				if (cand_max < Sample) 
+					cand_max = Sample;
+				if (total_advance > 0)
+					FrameIndex++;
+			}
+			while (--total_advance > 0);
+
+			Result.Add(cand_min);
+			Result.Add(cand_max);
+		}
+		return Result;
+	}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Thumbnail.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Thumbnail.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cda49cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/Thumbnail.h
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#pragma once
+
+class FMidiMessageSequence;
+class FMidiPattern;
+struct FImageData;
+
+namespace Thumbnail
+{
+	void GenerateMidiThumbnail(const FMidiMessageSequence* MidiMessageSequence, FImageData& Data);
+	void GenerateMidiPatternThumbnail(const FMidiPattern* MidiPattern, FImageData& Data, FColor NoteColor);
+	void GenerateWaveformRange(FImageData& ImageData, const TArray<TArray64<float>>& SampleBuffer, const int32 Channels, int64 FullFrameCount, TRange<int32> FrameRange);
+	TArray<float> GenerateWaveformData(int32 Width, const TArray<TArray64<float>>& SampleBuffer, int64 FullFrameCount, TRange<uint32> FrameRange);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/WaveformViewer.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/WaveformViewer.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..05c6368
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/WaveformViewer.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+ #include "WaveformViewer.h"
+
+#include "Async.h"
+#include "ExecutionTime.h"
+#include "SlateComputeShader.h"
+#include "SlatePixelShader.h"
+#include "Thumbnail.h"
+#include "Pattern/SamplePattern.h"
+#include "Pattern/SamplePatternInstance.h"
+
+void SWaveformViewer::Construct(const FArguments& InArgs)
+{
+ 	Sampler.Load(TEXT("F:\\FL垃圾桶\\Kawaii Anokoga Kiniiranai.mp3"));
+ 	// Sampler.Load(TEXT("F:\\Sample\\cs1.6\\26_Kick_15_95_SP.wav"));
+    const TArray<TArray64<float>>& Buffer = Sampler.GetSampleBuffer();
+
+ 	Param.WaveColor = FLinearColor(0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f).ToFColorSRGB();
+ 	Param.BgColor = FLinearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f).ToFColorSRGB();
+
+    FSlateRenderer* Renderer = FSlateApplication::Get().GetRenderer();
+	
+	RenderTarget = Renderer->CreateRenderTargetTexture(16, 16, EPixelFormat::PF_R8G8B8A8);
+	RenderTarget->OnResizeDelegate.AddSP(this, &SWaveformViewer::OnResize);
+	if (Renderer->GetRendererAPI() == ERendererAPI::D3D11)
+	{
+		Params = Renderer->CreateComputeShaderParam(ComputeShader);
+		Params->Init();
+		Params->AddComputeShaderTextureParameter("Result", RenderTarget, 2);
+		Params->AddComputeShaderParam("Samples", Buffer[0].GetData(), Buffer[0].Num(), 0);
+		Params->AddShaderParam("Params", (bool*)&Param, sizeof(FCSParam) / sizeof(bool));
+
+		ComputeShader = Renderer->CreateComputeShader(TEXT("Arona"), TEXT("WaveformCS"));
+	}
+	else if (Renderer->GetRendererAPI() == ERendererAPI::OpenGL)
+	{
+		ComputeShader = Renderer->CreateComputeShader(TEXT("Arona"), TEXT("WaveformCS"));
+
+		Params = Renderer->CreateComputeShaderParam(ComputeShader);
+		Params->Init();
+		Params->AddComputeShaderTextureParameter("Result", RenderTarget, 2);
+		Params->AddComputeShaderParam("Samples", Buffer[0].GetData(), Buffer[0].Num(), 0);
+		Params->AddComputeShaderParam("Params", (bool*)&Param, sizeof(FCSParam) / sizeof(bool), 1);
+	}
+	
+ 	ComputeElement = Renderer->MakeComputeShaderElement(ComputeShader, Params);
+}
+
+void SWaveformViewer::Tick(const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const double InCurrentTime, const float InDeltaTime)
+{
+	SLeafWidget::Tick(AllottedGeometry, InCurrentTime, InDeltaTime);
+	UpdateTimer += InDeltaTime;
+	if (UpdateTimer > UpdateInterval && bNeedCompute)
+	{
+		UpdateTimer = 0.0f;
+
+		Async(EAsyncExecution::TaskGraph, [this]()
+			{
+				const FIntPoint& Size = RenderTarget->GetSize();
+				UpdateTask Task;
+				Task.LineUV = 1.0f / Size.Y;
+				Task.Array = WaveformHandle->GetWaveform(Size.X);
+				Task.Size = Size;
+				UpdateQueue.Enqueue(Task);
+			});
+		
+		bNeedCompute = false;
+	}
+}
+
+int32 SWaveformViewer::OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry,
+                                const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId,
+                                const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const
+{
+	if (const UpdateTask* UpdateTask = UpdateQueue.Peek())
+	{
+		Param.LineUV = UpdateTask->LineUV;
+		Params->AddComputeShaderParam("Samples", UpdateTask->Array.GetData(), UpdateTask->Array.Num(), 0);
+		UpdateQueue.Pop();
+
+		if (FSlateApplication::Get().GetRenderer()->GetRendererAPI() == ERendererAPI::OpenGL)
+			Params->AddComputeShaderParam("Params", (bool*)&Param, sizeof(FCSParam) / sizeof(bool), 1);
+		else
+			Params->AddShaderParam("Params", (bool*)&Param, sizeof(FCSParam) / sizeof(bool));
+		
+		Params->AddComputeShaderParam("Samples", UpdateTask->Array.GetData(), UpdateTask->Array.Num(), 0);
+		const FIntPoint& Size = UpdateTask->Size;
+		FSlateDrawElement::MakeComputeShaderDispatch(OutDrawElements, LayerId, Size.X , Size.Y, 1, ComputeElement);
+	}
+	
+ 	LayerId++;
+ 	RenderTarget->OnDrawViewport(AllottedGeometry, MyCullingRect, OutDrawElements, LayerId, InWidgetStyle, bParentEnabled);
+	FSlateDrawElement::MakeViewport(OutDrawElements, LayerId, AllottedGeometry.ToPaintGeometry(), RenderTarget, ESlateDrawEffect::None, FLinearColor::White);
+	return LayerId;
+}
+
+void SWaveformViewer::OnResize(const FIntPoint& InSize) const
+{
+	bNeedCompute = true;
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/WaveformViewer.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/WaveformViewer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba7e84e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/WaveformViewer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "PixelShaderViewer.h"
+#include "PluginHost/Sampler.h"
+
+class FSamplePatternInstance;
+
+class IWaveformHandle
+{
+public:
+	virtual TArray<float> GetWaveform(int32 SizeX) const = 0; 
+};
+
+
+class ARONA_API SWaveformViewer : public SLeafWidget
+{
+public:
+	SLATE_BEGIN_ARGS(SWaveformViewer)
+	{
+	}
+	SLATE_END_ARGS()
+
+	/** Constructs this widget with InArgs */
+	void Construct(const FArguments& InArgs);
+
+	virtual void Tick(const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const double InCurrentTime, const float InDeltaTime) override;
+	virtual int32 OnPaint(const FPaintArgs& Args, const FGeometry& AllottedGeometry, const FSlateRect& MyCullingRect, FSlateWindowElementList& OutDrawElements, int32 LayerId, const FWidgetStyle& InWidgetStyle, bool bParentEnabled) const override;
+	virtual FVector2D ComputeDesiredSize(float LayoutScaleMultiplier) const override { return RenderTarget->GetSize(); }
+
+	void OnResize(const FIntPoint& InSize) const;
+	void SetWaveformHandle(TSharedPtr<IWaveformHandle> InHandle) { WaveformHandle = InHandle; }
+private:
+	TSharedPtr<FSlateRenderTarget> RenderTarget;
+	TSharedPtr<FSlateComputeShader> ComputeShader;
+	TSharedPtr<FSlateShaderParam> Params;
+	TSharedPtr<IComputeShaderSlateElement> ComputeElement;
+	FSampler Sampler;
+	mutable bool bNeedCompute = false;
+	float UpdateInterval = 0.1f;
+	float UpdateTimer = 0.0f;
+
+	struct UpdateTask
+	{
+		TArray<float> Array;
+		FIntPoint Size;
+		float LineUV;
+	};
+	mutable TQueue<UpdateTask, EQueueMode::Mpsc> UpdateQueue;
+
+	struct FCSParam
+	{
+		FLinearColor WaveColor;
+		FLinearColor BgColor;
+		float LineUV;
+	} mutable Param;
+	TSharedPtr<IWaveformHandle> WaveformHandle;
+};
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/WindowManager.cpp b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/WindowManager.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..68088a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/WindowManager.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+#include "WindowManager.h"
+
+#include "SChildWindow.h"
+#include "MainWindow.h"
+#include "UI/Style/AronaStyle.h"
+#include "SlateApplication.h"
+#include "SWindow.h"
+#include "PluginHost/PluginHost.h"
+
+void FWindowManager::Init()
+{
+	FAronaStyle::Initialize();
+	FAronaStyle::ReloadTextures();
+
+	
+	MainWindow = new FMainWindow();
+	MainWindow->Init();
+}
+
+void FWindowManager::Release()
+{
+	delete MainWindow;
+	PluginEditorWindows.Empty();
+
+	FAronaStyle::Shutdown();
+}
+
+void FWindowManager::CreateChildWindow(FVector2D Size, FString Title, TSharedRef<IChildWindow> Content)
+{
+	MainWindow->CreateChildWindow(Size, Title, Content);
+}
+
+void FWindowManager::FrontChildWindow(TSharedPtr<SChildWindow> ChildWindow)
+{
+	MainWindow->FrontChildWindow(ChildWindow);
+}
+
+void FWindowManager::OpenPluginEditor(FPluginHost* PluginHost)
+{
+	auto PluginWindow = SNew(SWindow)
+	.UseOSWindowBorder(true)
+	.Title(FText::FromString(PluginHost->Name))
+	.SupportsMaximize(false)
+	.SupportsMinimize(false)
+	.SizingRule(ESizingRule::FixedSize)
+	.AutoCenter(EAutoCenter::PreferredWorkArea)
+	.IsTopmostWindow(true)
+	.FocusWhenFirstShown(true)
+	.IsPopupWindow(true)
+	.MinWidth(1)
+	.MinHeight(1)
+	.RenderSlate(false);
+
+	FSlateApplication::Get().AddWindow(PluginWindow);
+	PluginHost->OpenEditor(PluginWindow->GetNativeWindow()->GetOSWindowHandle());
+	PluginWindow->Resize(PluginHost->GetEditorSize());
+	
+	PluginWindow->GetOnWindowClosedEvent().AddRaw(this, &FWindowManager::OnPluginWindowClosed);
+	PluginEditorWindows.Add(PluginWindow.ToSharedPtr(), PluginHost);
+	FWindowInfo* Info = PluginEditorWindowInfos.Find(PluginHost);
+	if (Info)
+	{
+		PluginWindow->MoveWindowTo(Info->Pos);
+	}
+}
+
+void FWindowManager::ClosePluginEditor(FPluginHost* PluginHost)
+{
+	if (auto Window = FindPluginEditor(PluginHost))
+	{
+		Window->RequestDestroyWindow();
+	}
+}
+
+void FWindowManager::TogglePluginEditor(FPluginHost* PluginHost)
+{
+	if (const TSharedPtr<SWindow> Window = FindPluginEditor(PluginHost))
+	{
+		Window->RequestDestroyWindow();
+		return;
+	}
+	OpenPluginEditor(PluginHost);
+}
+
+TSharedPtr<SWindow> FWindowManager::FindPluginEditor(FPluginHost* PluginHost)
+{
+	for (const auto& Tuple : PluginEditorWindows)
+	{
+		if (Tuple.Value == PluginHost)
+		{
+			return Tuple.Key;
+		}
+	}
+	return nullptr;
+}
+
+void FWindowManager::OnPluginWindowClosed(const TSharedRef<SWindow>& Window)
+{
+	TSharedPtr<SWindow> Ptr = Window.ToSharedPtr();
+	FPluginHost** Host = PluginEditorWindows.Find(Ptr);
+	if (!Host)
+		return;
+	(*Host)->CloseEditor();
+	PluginEditorWindows.Remove(Ptr);
+	FWindowInfo& Info = PluginEditorWindowInfos.FindOrAdd(*Host);
+	Info.Pos = Window->GetPositionInScreen();
+	Info.Size = Window->GetClientSizeInScreen();
+}
+
+bool FWindowManager::HasPluginEditor(TSharedPtr<SWindow> Window)
+{
+	for (const auto& Tuple : PluginEditorWindows)
+	{
+		if (Tuple.Key == Window)
+			return true;		
+	}
+	return false;
+}
diff --git a/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/WindowManager.h b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/WindowManager.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9529a4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Arona/UI/Widget/WindowManager.h
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "Singleton/Singleton.h"
+
+class IChildWindow;
+class FMainWindow;
+class SWidget;
+class FPluginHost;
+class SConstraintCanvas;
+class SWindow;
+class SChildWindow;
+
+struct FWindowInfo
+{
+	FVector2D Pos;
+	FVector2D Size;
+};
+
+class FWindowManager : public TSingleton<FWindowManager>
+{
+public:
+	virtual void Init() override;
+	virtual void Release() override;
+	
+	FMainWindow* GetMainWindow() const { return MainWindow; }
+
+	void CreateChildWindow(FVector2D Size, FString Title, TSharedRef<IChildWindow> Content);
+
+	void FrontChildWindow(TSharedPtr<SChildWindow> ChildWindow);
+	
+	void OpenPluginEditor(FPluginHost* PluginHost);
+	void ClosePluginEditor(FPluginHost* PluginHost);
+	void TogglePluginEditor(FPluginHost* PluginHost);
+	TSharedPtr<SWindow> FindPluginEditor(FPluginHost* PluginHost);
+private:
+	void OnPluginWindowClosed(const TSharedRef<SWindow>& Window);
+	bool HasPluginEditor(TSharedPtr<SWindow> Window);
+	
+	FMainWindow* MainWindow;
+	TMap<TSharedPtr<SWindow>, FPluginHost*> PluginEditorWindows;
+	TMap<FPluginHost*, FWindowInfo> PluginEditorWindowInfos;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/AronaCore.Build.cs b/Source/AronaCore/AronaCore.Build.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..38b597d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/AronaCore.Build.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+using System.IO;
+using UnrealBuildTool;
+
+public class AronaCore : ModuleRules
+{
+	public AronaCore(ReadOnlyTargetRules Target) : base(Target)
+	{
+		PCHUsage = ModuleRules.PCHUsageMode.UseExplicitOrSharedPCHs;
+		
+		PublicIncludePaths.AddRange(
+			new string[] {
+				ModuleDirectory
+			}
+		);
+		
+		PublicDependencyModuleNames.AddRange(
+			new string[]
+			{
+				"Core",
+				"PortAudio",
+				"VST",
+				"Sndfile",
+				"SignalProcessing",
+				"UELibSampleRate"
+				// ... add other public dependencies that you statically link with here ...
+			}
+		);
+		
+		JuceSetup(Target);
+	}
+	
+	void JuceSetup(ReadOnlyTargetRules Target)
+	{
+		PublicDefinitions.AddRange(new []
+		{
+			"DOXYGEN=0",
+			"JUCE_EXCEPTIONS_DISABLED=0",
+		});
+		
+		// setup big le endian
+		if (Target.Platform == UnrealTargetPlatform.Mac)
+		{
+			PublicDefinitions.AddRange(new []
+			{
+				"JUCE_BIG_ENDIAN=1",
+				"JUCE_LITTLE_ENDIAN=0",
+			});
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			PublicDefinitions.AddRange(new []
+			{
+				"JUCE_BIG_ENDIAN=0",
+				"JUCE_LITTLE_ENDIAN=1",
+			});
+		}
+		
+		// setup platform
+		if (Target.Platform == UnrealTargetPlatform.Win64)
+		{
+			PublicDefinitions.AddRange(new []
+			{
+				"JUCE_MAC=0",
+				"TARGET_API_MAC_CARBON=0",
+				"JUCE_IOS=0",
+				"JUCE_ANDROID=0",
+			});
+		}
+		else if (Target.Platform == UnrealTargetPlatform.Mac)
+		{
+			PublicDefinitions.AddRange(new []
+			{
+				"JUCE_MAC=1",
+				"JUCE_IOS=0",
+				"JUCE_ANDROID=0",
+			});
+		}
+		else if (Target.Platform == UnrealTargetPlatform.IOS)
+		{
+			PublicDefinitions.AddRange(new []
+			{
+				"JUCE_MAC=0",
+				"JUCE_IOS=1",
+				"JUCE_ANDROID=0",
+			});
+		}
+		else if (Target.Platform == UnrealTargetPlatform.Android)
+		{
+			PublicDefinitions.AddRange(new []
+			{
+				"JUCE_MAC=0",
+				"JUCE_IOS=0",
+				"JUCE_ANDROID=1",
+			});
+		}
+		
+		// setup compiler
+		if (Target.WindowsPlatform.Compiler == WindowsCompiler.VisualStudio2022 ||
+		    Target.WindowsPlatform.Compiler == WindowsCompiler.VisualStudio2019)
+		{
+			PublicDefinitions.AddRange(new[]
+			{
+				"JUCE_MSVC=1",
+				"JUCE_CLANG=0",
+				"JUCE_GCC=0",
+			});
+		}
+		else if (Target.WindowsPlatform.Compiler == WindowsCompiler.Clang || Target.WindowsPlatform.Compiler == WindowsCompiler.ClangRTFM)
+		{
+			PublicDefinitions.AddRange(new[]
+			{
+				"JUCE_MSVC=0",
+				"JUCE_CLANG=1",
+				"JUCE_GCC=0",
+			});
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			PublicDefinitions.AddRange(new[]
+			{
+				"JUCE_MSVC=0",
+				"JUCE_CLANG=0",
+				"JUCE_GCC=0",
+			});
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/AudioBuffer/AudioBuffer.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/AudioBuffer/AudioBuffer.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d43d233
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/AudioBuffer/AudioBuffer.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+#include "AudioBuffer.h"
+#include <immintrin.h>
+#include "MaxElement.h"
+#include "Mixer/MixerTrack.h"
+
+void FAudioBuffer::Resize(int32 NumChannels, int32 NumSamples)
+{
+	UE::TScopeLock Lock(CriticalSection);
+	Buffer.SetNum(NumChannels);
+	Headers.SetNum(NumChannels);
+	Peak.SetNum(NumChannels);
+	for (int32 i = 0; i < NumChannels; i++)
+	{
+		Buffer[i].SetNum(NumSamples);
+		Headers[i] = Buffer[i].GetData();
+	}
+}
+
+void FAudioBuffer::ZeroBuffer()
+{
+	UE::TScopeLock Lock(CriticalSection);
+	for (int32 i = 0; i < Buffer.Num(); i++)
+	{
+		FMemory::Memzero(Buffer[i].GetData(), Buffer[i].Num() * sizeof(float));
+	}
+}
+
+void FAudioBuffer::AddBuffer(FAudioBuffer& Other, float Gain)
+{
+	UE::TScopeLock Lock(CriticalSection);
+	// AVX 256-bit
+	for (int32 Channel = 0; Channel < Buffer.Num(); ++Channel)
+	{
+		TArray<float>& ChannelBuffer = Buffer[Channel];
+		for (int32 Sample = 0; Sample < ChannelBuffer.Num(); Sample += 8)
+		{
+			const __m256 a = _mm256_load_ps(ChannelBuffer.GetData() + Sample);
+			const __m256 b = _mm256_load_ps(Other.Buffer[Channel].GetData() + Sample);
+			const __m256 c = _mm256_add_ps(a, b);
+			const __m256 d = _mm256_mul_ps(c, _mm256_set1_ps(Gain));
+			_mm256_store_ps(ChannelBuffer.GetData() + Sample, d);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void FAudioBuffer::CalculatePeak()
+{
+	UE::TScopeLock Lock(CriticalSection);
+	for (int i = 0; i < Buffer.Num(); ++i)
+	{
+		Peak[i] = *Algo::MaxElement(Buffer[i]);
+	}
+}
+
+float FAudioBuffer::GetPeak(int32 Channel)
+{
+	return Peak[Channel];
+}
+
+void FAudioBuffer::Multiple(float In)
+{
+	UE::TScopeLock Lock(CriticalSection);
+	for (int32 Channel = 0; Channel < Buffer.Num(); ++Channel)
+	{
+		TArray<float>& ChannelBuffer = Buffer[Channel];
+		for (int32 Sample = 0; Sample < ChannelBuffer.Num(); Sample += 8)
+		{
+			const __m256 a = _mm256_load_ps(ChannelBuffer.GetData() + Sample);
+			const __m256 b = _mm256_set1_ps(In);
+			const __m256 c = _mm256_mul_ps(a, b);
+			_mm256_store_ps(ChannelBuffer.GetData() + Sample, c);
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/AudioBuffer/AudioBuffer.h b/Source/AronaCore/AudioBuffer/AudioBuffer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..321ea15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/AudioBuffer/AudioBuffer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+
+#include "ChannelInterface.h"
+
+class FMixerTrack;
+
+class FAudioBuffer
+{
+public:
+	float** GetHeaders() { return Headers.GetData(); }
+	const TArray<float*>& GetHeaderArray() const { return Headers; }
+	
+	int32 GetChannelCount() const { return Headers.Num(); }
+	int32 GetBufferSize() const { return Buffer[0].Num(); }
+	
+	void Resize(int32 NumChannels, int32 NumSamples);
+	
+	void ZeroBuffer();
+	void AddBuffer(FAudioBuffer& Other, float Gain = 1.0f);
+	void CalculatePeak();
+	float GetPeak(int32 Channel);
+	void Multiple(float In);
+
+private:
+	TArray<TArray<float>> Buffer;
+	TArray<float*> Headers;
+	TArray<float> Peak;
+	FCriticalSection CriticalSection;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/AudioBuffer/ChannelInterface.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/AudioBuffer/ChannelInterface.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7571734
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/AudioBuffer/ChannelInterface.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+#include "ChannelInterface.h"
+#include "AudioBuffer.h"
+#include "ChannelNode.h"
+#include "Singleton/MixerList.h"
+#include "Mixer/MixerTrack.h"
+
+FChannelInterface::FChannelInterface(int32 InputChannelNum, int32 OutputChannelNum)
+{
+	const int32 InputNodeNum = InputChannelNum / 2;
+	const int32 OutputNodeNum = OutputChannelNum / 2;
+	FNullChannelNode* NullNode = FNullChannelNode::Get();
+	
+	InputHeaders.AddZeroed(InputChannelNum);
+	OutputHeaders.AddZeroed(OutputChannelNum);
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < InputNodeNum; ++i)
+	{
+		InputChannelNodes.Add(NullNode);
+		SetInputChannel(i, NullNode);
+	}
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < OutputNodeNum; ++i)
+	{
+		OutputChannelNodes.Add(NullNode);
+		SetOutputChannel(i, NullNode);
+	}
+}
+
+void FChannelInterface::SetInputChannel(int32 NodeIndex, FChannelNode* Node)
+{
+	if (!InputChannelNodes.IsValidIndex(NodeIndex))
+		return;
+	InputChannelNodes[NodeIndex] = Node;
+	
+	const TArray<float*>& NodeHeaders = Node->GetChannelHeaders();
+	
+	InputHeaders[NodeIndex * 2 + 0] = NodeHeaders[0];
+	InputHeaders[NodeIndex * 2 + 1] = NodeHeaders[1];
+	FMixerList::Get().RequestBuildProcessNode();
+}
+
+void FChannelInterface::SetOutputChannel(int32 NodeIndex, FChannelNode* Node)
+{
+	if (!OutputChannelNodes.IsValidIndex(NodeIndex))
+		return;
+	OutputChannelNodes[NodeIndex] = Node;
+
+	const TArray<float*>& NodeHeaders = Node->GetChannelHeaders();
+	OutputHeaders[NodeIndex * 2 + 0] = NodeHeaders[0];
+	OutputHeaders[NodeIndex * 2 + 1] = NodeHeaders[1];
+	FMixerList::Get().RequestBuildProcessNode();
+}
+
+void FChannelInterface::SetInputChannel(const TArray<FChannelNode*>& Nodes, int32 Offset)
+{
+	const int32 InputNum = FMath::Min(Nodes.Num() - Offset, InputChannelNodes.Num());
+	for (int i = 0; i < InputNum; ++i)
+	{
+		SetInputChannel(i + Offset, Nodes[i]);
+	}
+}
+
+void FChannelInterface::SetOutputChannel(const TArray<FChannelNode*>& Nodes, int32 Offset)
+{
+	const int32 OutputNum = FMath::Min(Nodes.Num() - Offset, OutputChannelNodes.Num());
+	for (int i = 0; i < OutputNum; ++i)
+	{
+		SetOutputChannel(i + Offset, Nodes[i]);
+	}
+}
+
+int32 FChannelInterface::GetInputNodeIndex(FChannelNode* Node)
+{
+	for (int32 i = 0; i < InputChannelNodes.Num(); ++i)
+	{
+		if (InputChannelNodes[i] == Node)
+			return i;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+int32 FChannelInterface::GetOutputNodeIndex(FChannelNode* Node)
+{
+	for (int32 i = 0; i < OutputChannelNodes.Num(); ++i)
+	{
+		if (OutputChannelNodes[i] == Node)
+			return i;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+void FChannelInterface::SetInputChannelNodeName(int32 NodeIndex, int32 Channel, FName Name)
+{
+	TMap<int32, FName>& Names = InputChannelNodeNames.FindOrAdd(NodeIndex);
+	Names.Add(Channel, Name);
+}
+
+void FChannelInterface::SetOutputChannelNodeName(int32 NodeIndex, int32 Channel, FName Name)
+{
+	TMap<int32, FName>& Names = OutputChannelNodeNames.FindOrAdd(NodeIndex);
+	Names.Add(Channel, Name);
+}
+
+TMap<int32, FName> FChannelInterface::GetInputChannelNodeName(int32 NodeIndex)
+{
+	const auto* Name = InputChannelNodeNames.Find(NodeIndex);
+	if (!Name)
+		return {};
+	return *Name;
+}
+
+TMap<int32, FName> FChannelInterface::GetOutputChannelNodeName(int32 NodeIndex)
+{
+	const auto* Name = OutputChannelNodeNames.Find(NodeIndex);
+	if (!Name)
+		return {};
+	return *Name;
+}
+
+TMap<int32, FName> FChannelInterface::GetInputChannelNodeName(FChannelNode* Node)
+{
+	return GetInputChannelNodeName(GetInputNodeIndex(Node));
+}
+
+TMap<int32, FName> FChannelInterface::GetOutputChannelNodeName(FChannelNode* Node)
+{
+	return GetOutputChannelNodeName(GetOutputNodeIndex(Node));
+}
+
+void FChannelInterface::RemoveTrack(FMixerTrack* Track)
+{
+	for (int32 i = 0; i < InputChannelNodes.Num(); ++i)
+	{
+		if (InputChannelNodes[i]->NodeType == EChannelNodeType::MixerNode)
+		{
+			FMixerChannelNode* MixerChannelNode = static_cast<FMixerChannelNode*>(InputChannelNodes[i]);
+			if (MixerChannelNode->GetTrack() == Track)
+			{
+				SetInputChannel(i, FNullChannelNode::Get());
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	for (int32 i = 0; i < OutputChannelNodes.Num(); ++i)
+	{
+		if (OutputChannelNodes[i]->NodeType == EChannelNodeType::MixerNode)
+		{
+			FMixerChannelNode* MixerChannelNode = static_cast<FMixerChannelNode*>(OutputChannelNodes[i]);
+			if (MixerChannelNode->GetTrack() == Track)
+			{
+				SetOutputChannel(i, FNullChannelNode::Get());
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+FMixerChannelInterface::FMixerChannelInterface(FMixerTrack* InMixerTrack) : FChannelInterface(0, 2), MixerTrack(InMixerTrack)
+{
+	FMixerChannelNode* Node = new FMixerChannelNode(this, MixerTrack, 0);
+	SetOutputChannel(0, Node);
+}
+
+FMixerChannelInterface::~FMixerChannelInterface()
+{
+	delete OutputChannelNodes[0];
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/AudioBuffer/ChannelInterface.h b/Source/AronaCore/AudioBuffer/ChannelInterface.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..798de12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/AudioBuffer/ChannelInterface.h
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+
+class FMixerTrack;
+class FChannelNode;
+
+class FChannelInterface
+{
+public:
+	FChannelInterface(int32 InputChannelNum, int32 OutputChannelNum);
+	
+	void SetInputChannel(int32 NodeIndex, FChannelNode* Node);
+	void SetOutputChannel(int32 NodeIndex, FChannelNode* Node);
+	void SetInputChannel(const TArray<FChannelNode*>& Nodes, int32 Offset = 0);
+	void SetOutputChannel(const TArray<FChannelNode*>& Nodes, int32 Offset = 0);
+
+	int32 GetInputNodeIndex(FChannelNode* Node);
+	int32 GetOutputNodeIndex(FChannelNode* Node);
+	
+	float** GetInputHeader() { return InputHeaders.GetData(); }
+	float** GetOutputHeader() { return OutputHeaders.GetData(); }
+
+	void SetInputChannelNodeName(int32 NodeIndex, int32 Channel, FName Name);
+	void SetOutputChannelNodeName(int32 NodeIndex, int32 Channel, FName Name);
+	TMap<int32, FName> GetInputChannelNodeName(int32 NodeIndex);
+	TMap<int32, FName> GetOutputChannelNodeName(int32 NodeIndex);
+	TMap<int32, FName> GetInputChannelNodeName(FChannelNode* Node);
+	TMap<int32, FName> GetOutputChannelNodeName(FChannelNode* Node);
+
+	void RemoveTrack(FMixerTrack* Track);
+	
+	TArray<FChannelNode*> InputChannelNodes;
+	TArray<FChannelNode*> OutputChannelNodes;
+private:
+	TMap<int32, TMap<int32, FName>> InputChannelNodeNames;
+	TMap<int32, TMap<int32, FName>> OutputChannelNodeNames;
+	TArray<float*> InputHeaders; // 缓存, 避免一直创建TArray对象
+	TArray<float*> OutputHeaders;
+};
+
+class FMixerChannelInterface : public FChannelInterface
+{
+public:
+	FMixerChannelInterface(FMixerTrack* InMixerTrack);
+	~FMixerChannelInterface();
+private:
+	FMixerTrack* MixerTrack;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/AudioBuffer/ChannelNode.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/AudioBuffer/ChannelNode.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d7a81ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/AudioBuffer/ChannelNode.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#include "ChannelNode.h"
+
+#include "Singleton/MixerList.h"
+#include "Mixer/MixerTrack.h"
+
+FChannelNode::FChannelNodeMulticastDelegate FChannelNode::OnChannelNodeDestroyed;
+FNullChannelNode FNullChannelNode::Instance;
+
+FMixerChannelNode::FMixerChannelNode(FChannelInterface* InOwner, FMixerTrack* InTrack, int32 InNodeIndex) : FChannelNode(InOwner, EChannelNodeType::MixerNode), Track(InTrack), NodeIndex(InNodeIndex)
+{
+	const TArray<float*>& BufferHeaderArray = Track->Buffer.GetHeaderArray();
+
+	ChannelHeaders.Add(BufferHeaderArray[InNodeIndex * 2]);
+	ChannelHeaders.Add(BufferHeaderArray[InNodeIndex * 2 + 1]);
+}
+
+FString FMixerChannelNode::GetName()
+{
+	return Track->GetName() + FString::FromInt(NodeIndex);
+}
+
+const TArray<float*>& FMixerChannelNode::GetChannelHeaders()
+{
+	return ChannelHeaders;
+}
+
+const TArray<float*>& FNullChannelNode::GetChannelHeaders()
+{
+	return FMixerList::Get().ZeroTrack->Buffer.GetHeaderArray();
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/AudioBuffer/ChannelNode.h b/Source/AronaCore/AudioBuffer/ChannelNode.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab4c832
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/AudioBuffer/ChannelNode.h
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+
+class FChannelInterface;
+class FMixerTrack;
+
+enum class EChannelNodeType
+{
+	NoneType,
+	MixerNode,
+	NullNode,
+};
+
+class FChannelNode
+{
+public:
+	DECLARE_MULTICAST_DELEGATE_OneParam(FChannelNodeMulticastDelegate, FChannelNode*)
+	DECLARE_DELEGATE_OneParam(FChannelNodeDelegate, FChannelNode*)
+
+	FChannelNode(FChannelInterface* InOwner, EChannelNodeType InNodeType) : Owner(InOwner), NodeType(InNodeType)
+	{
+		
+	}
+	virtual ~FChannelNode() { OnChannelNodeDestroyed.Broadcast(this); }
+	virtual FString GetName() { return ""; }
+	
+	virtual const TArray<float*>& GetChannelHeaders() = 0;
+
+	FChannelInterface* Owner;
+	EChannelNodeType NodeType;
+	static FChannelNodeMulticastDelegate OnChannelNodeDestroyed;
+};
+
+class FMixerChannelNode : public FChannelNode
+{
+public:
+	FMixerChannelNode(FChannelInterface* InOwner, FMixerTrack* InTrack, int32 InNodeIndex);
+	virtual FString GetName() override;
+
+	virtual const TArray<float*>& GetChannelHeaders() override;
+	FMixerTrack* GetTrack() const { return Track; }
+private:
+	FMixerTrack* Track;
+	TArray<float*> ChannelHeaders;
+	int32 NodeIndex;
+};
+
+class FNullChannelNode : public FChannelNode
+{
+	static FNullChannelNode Instance;
+public:
+	FNullChannelNode() : FChannelNode(nullptr, EChannelNodeType::NullNode) {}
+	static FNullChannelNode* Get() { return &Instance; }
+	virtual FString GetName() override { return "NullChannelNode"; }
+
+	virtual const TArray<float*>& GetChannelHeaders() override;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/ByteOrder.h b/Source/AronaCore/ByteOrder.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7806ab9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/ByteOrder.h
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+#pragma once
+
+/*
+  ==============================================================================
+
+   This file is part of the JUCE library.
+   Copyright (c) 2022 - Raw Material Software Limited
+
+   JUCE is an open source library subject to commercial or open-source
+   licensing.
+
+   The code included in this file is provided under the terms of the ISC license
+   http://www.isc.org/downloads/software-support-policy/isc-license. Permission
+   To use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any purpose with or
+   without fee is hereby granted provided that the above copyright notice and
+   this permission notice appear in all copies.
+
+   JUCE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, AND ALL WARRANTIES, WHETHER
+   EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR PURPOSE, ARE
+   DISCLAIMED.
+
+  ==============================================================================
+*/
+
+#if ! defined (DOXYGEN) && (JUCE_MAC || JUCE_IOS)
+ #include <libkern/OSByteOrder.h>
+#endif
+
+//==============================================================================
+/** Contains static methods for converting the byte order between different
+    endiannesses.
+
+    @tags{Core}
+*/
+class FByteOrder
+{
+public:
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Swaps the upper and lower bytes of a 16-bit integer. */
+    constexpr static uint16 swap (uint16 value) noexcept;
+
+    /** Swaps the upper and lower bytes of a 16-bit integer. */
+    constexpr static int16 swap (int16 value) noexcept;
+
+    /** Reverses the order of the 4 bytes in a 32-bit integer. */
+    static uint32 swap (uint32 value) noexcept;
+
+    /** Reverses the order of the 4 bytes in a 32-bit integer. */
+    static int32 swap (int32 value) noexcept;
+
+    /** Reverses the order of the 8 bytes in a 64-bit integer. */
+    static uint64 swap (uint64 value) noexcept;
+
+    /** Reverses the order of the 8 bytes in a 64-bit integer. */
+    static int64 swap (int64 value) noexcept;
+
+    /** Returns a garbled float which has the reverse byte-order of the original. */
+    static float swap (float value) noexcept;
+
+    /** Returns a garbled double which has the reverse byte-order of the original. */
+    static double swap (double value) noexcept;
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Swaps the byte order of a signed or unsigned integer if the CPU is big-endian */
+    template <typename Type>
+    static Type swapIfBigEndian (Type value) noexcept
+    {
+       #if JUCE_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+        return value;
+       #else
+        return swap (value);
+       #endif
+    }
+
+    /** Swaps the byte order of a signed or unsigned integer if the CPU is little-endian */
+    template <typename Type>
+    static Type swapIfLittleEndian (Type value) noexcept
+    {
+       #if JUCE_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+        return swap (value);
+       #else
+        return value;
+       #endif
+    }
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Turns 4 bytes into a little-endian integer. */
+    constexpr static uint32 littleEndianInt (const void* bytes) noexcept;
+
+    /** Turns 8 bytes into a little-endian integer. */
+    constexpr static uint64 littleEndianInt64 (const void* bytes) noexcept;
+
+    /** Turns 2 bytes into a little-endian integer. */
+    constexpr static uint16 littleEndianShort (const void* bytes) noexcept;
+
+    /** Converts 3 little-endian bytes into a signed 24-bit value (which is sign-extended to 32 bits). */
+    constexpr static int littleEndian24Bit (const void* bytes) noexcept;
+
+    /** Copies a 24-bit number to 3 little-endian bytes. */
+    static void littleEndian24BitToChars (int32 value, void* destBytes) noexcept;
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Turns 4 bytes into a big-endian integer. */
+    constexpr static uint32 bigEndianInt (const void* bytes) noexcept;
+
+    /** Turns 8 bytes into a big-endian integer. */
+    constexpr static uint64 bigEndianInt64 (const void* bytes) noexcept;
+
+    /** Turns 2 bytes into a big-endian integer. */
+    constexpr static uint16 bigEndianShort (const void* bytes) noexcept;
+
+    /** Converts 3 big-endian bytes into a signed 24-bit value (which is sign-extended to 32 bits). */
+    constexpr static int bigEndian24Bit (const void* bytes) noexcept;
+
+    /** Copies a 24-bit number to 3 big-endian bytes. */
+    static void bigEndian24BitToChars (int32 value, void* destBytes) noexcept;
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Constructs a 16-bit integer from its constituent bytes, in order of significance. */
+    constexpr static uint16 makeInt (uint8 leastSig, uint8 mostSig) noexcept;
+
+    /** Constructs a 32-bit integer from its constituent bytes, in order of significance. */
+    constexpr static uint32 makeInt (uint8 leastSig, uint8 byte1, uint8 byte2, uint8 mostSig) noexcept;
+
+    /** Constructs a 64-bit integer from its constituent bytes, in order of significance. */
+    constexpr static uint64 makeInt (uint8 leastSig, uint8 byte1, uint8 byte2, uint8 byte3,
+                                     uint8 byte4, uint8 byte5, uint8 byte6, uint8 mostSig) noexcept;
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Returns true if the current CPU is big-endian. */
+    constexpr static bool isBigEndian() noexcept
+    {
+       #if JUCE_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+        return false;
+       #else
+        return true;
+       #endif
+    }
+
+private:
+    FByteOrder() = delete;
+};
+
+
+//==============================================================================
+constexpr inline uint16 FByteOrder::swap (uint16 v) noexcept         { return static_cast<uint16> ((v << 8) | (v >> 8)); }
+constexpr inline int16  FByteOrder::swap (int16  v) noexcept         { return static_cast<int16> (swap (static_cast<uint16> (v))); }
+inline int32  FByteOrder::swap (int32 v) noexcept                    { return static_cast<int32> (swap (static_cast<uint32> (v))); }
+inline int64  FByteOrder::swap (int64 v) noexcept                    { return static_cast<int64> (swap (static_cast<uint64> (v))); }
+inline float  FByteOrder::swap (float v) noexcept                    { union { uint32 asUInt; float asFloat;  } n; n.asFloat = v; n.asUInt = swap (n.asUInt); return n.asFloat; }
+inline double FByteOrder::swap (double v) noexcept                   { union { uint64 asUInt; double asFloat; } n; n.asFloat = v; n.asUInt = swap (n.asUInt); return n.asFloat; }
+
+#if JUCE_MSVC && ! defined (__INTEL_COMPILER)
+ #pragma intrinsic (_byteswap_ulong)
+#endif
+
+inline uint32 FByteOrder::swap (uint32 n) noexcept
+{
+   #if JUCE_MAC || JUCE_IOS
+    return OSSwapInt32 (n);
+   #elif (JUCE_GCC  || JUCE_CLANG) && JUCE_INTEL && ! JUCE_NO_INLINE_ASM
+    asm("bswap %%eax" : "=a"(n) : "a"(n));
+    return n;
+   #elif JUCE_MSVC
+    return _byteswap_ulong (n);
+   #elif JUCE_ANDROID
+    return bswap_32 (n);
+   #else
+    return (n << 24) | (n >> 24) | ((n & 0xff00) << 8) | ((n & 0xff0000) >> 8);
+   #endif
+}
+
+inline uint64 FByteOrder::swap (uint64 value) noexcept
+{
+   #if JUCE_MAC || JUCE_IOS
+    return OSSwapInt64 (value);
+   #elif JUCE_MSVC
+    return _byteswap_uint64 (value);
+   #else
+    return (((uint64) swap ((uint32) value)) << 32) | swap ((uint32) (value >> 32));
+   #endif
+}
+
+constexpr inline uint16 FByteOrder::makeInt (uint8 b0, uint8 b1) noexcept
+{
+    return static_cast<uint16> (static_cast<uint16> (b0) | (static_cast<uint16> (b1) << 8));
+}
+
+constexpr inline uint32 FByteOrder::makeInt (uint8 b0, uint8 b1, uint8 b2, uint8 b3) noexcept
+{
+    return static_cast<uint32> (b0)        | (static_cast<uint32> (b1) << 8)
+        | (static_cast<uint32> (b2) << 16) | (static_cast<uint32> (b3) << 24);
+}
+
+constexpr inline uint64 FByteOrder::makeInt (uint8 b0, uint8 b1, uint8 b2, uint8 b3, uint8 b4, uint8 b5, uint8 b6, uint8 b7) noexcept
+{
+    return static_cast<uint64> (b0)        | (static_cast<uint64> (b1) << 8)  | (static_cast<uint64> (b2) << 16) | (static_cast<uint64> (b3) << 24)
+        | (static_cast<uint64> (b4) << 32) | (static_cast<uint64> (b5) << 40) | (static_cast<uint64> (b6) << 48) | (static_cast<uint64> (b7) << 56);
+}
+
+constexpr inline uint16 FByteOrder::littleEndianShort (const void* bytes) noexcept         { return makeInt (static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[0], static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[1]); }
+constexpr inline uint32 FByteOrder::littleEndianInt   (const void* bytes) noexcept         { return makeInt (static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[0], static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[1],
+                                                                                                            static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[2], static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[3]); }
+constexpr inline uint64 FByteOrder::littleEndianInt64 (const void* bytes) noexcept         { return makeInt (static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[0], static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[1],
+                                                                                                            static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[2], static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[3],
+                                                                                                            static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[4], static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[5],
+                                                                                                            static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[6], static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[7]); }
+
+constexpr inline uint16 FByteOrder::bigEndianShort    (const void* bytes) noexcept         { return makeInt (static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[1], static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[0]); }
+constexpr inline uint32 FByteOrder::bigEndianInt      (const void* bytes) noexcept         { return makeInt (static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[3], static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[2],
+                                                                                                            static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[1], static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[0]); }
+constexpr inline uint64 FByteOrder::bigEndianInt64    (const void* bytes) noexcept         { return makeInt (static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[7], static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[6],
+                                                                                                            static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[5], static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[4],
+                                                                                                            static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[3], static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[2],
+                                                                                                            static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[1], static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[0]); }
+
+constexpr inline int32 FByteOrder::littleEndian24Bit  (const void* bytes) noexcept         { return (int32) ((((uint32) static_cast<const int8*> (bytes)[2]) << 16) | (((uint32) static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[1]) << 8) | ((uint32) static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[0])); }
+constexpr inline int32 FByteOrder::bigEndian24Bit     (const void* bytes) noexcept         { return (int32) ((((uint32) static_cast<const int8*> (bytes)[0]) << 16) | (((uint32) static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[1]) << 8) | ((uint32) static_cast<const uint8*> (bytes)[2])); }
+
+inline void FByteOrder::littleEndian24BitToChars (int32 value, void* destBytes) noexcept   { static_cast<uint8*> (destBytes)[0] = (uint8) value;         static_cast<uint8*> (destBytes)[1] = (uint8) (value >> 8); static_cast<uint8*> (destBytes)[2] = (uint8) (value >> 16); }
+inline void FByteOrder::bigEndian24BitToChars    (int32 value, void* destBytes) noexcept   { static_cast<uint8*> (destBytes)[0] = (uint8) (value >> 16); static_cast<uint8*> (destBytes)[1] = (uint8) (value >> 8); static_cast<uint8*> (destBytes)[2] = (uint8) value; }
+ 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/ExecutionTime.h b/Source/AronaCore/ExecutionTime.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a7a58d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/ExecutionTime.h
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "HAL/PlatformTime.h"
+
+class FExecutionTime
+{
+public:
+	FExecutionTime(const FString& InName)
+		: Name(InName)
+	{
+		Start = FPlatformTime::Cycles64();
+	}
+	~FExecutionTime()
+	{
+		End();
+	}
+	void End()
+	{
+		const uint64 End = FPlatformTime::Cycles64();
+		const uint64 Delta = End - Start;
+		const double Milliseconds = FPlatformTime::ToMilliseconds(Delta);
+		UE_LOG(LogTemp, Warning, TEXT("%s: %fms"), *Name, Milliseconds);
+	}
+private:
+	uint64 Start;
+	FString Name;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/HeapBlock.h b/Source/AronaCore/HeapBlock.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ced7131
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/HeapBlock.h
@@ -0,0 +1,346 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+
+/*
+  ==============================================================================
+
+   This file is part of the JUCE library.
+   Copyright (c) 2022 - Raw Material Software Limited
+
+   JUCE is an open source library subject to commercial or open-source
+   licensing.
+
+   The code included in this file is provided under the terms of the ISC license
+   http://www.isc.org/downloads/software-support-policy/isc-license. Permission
+   To use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any purpose with or
+   without fee is hereby granted provided that the above copyright notice and
+   this permission notice appear in all copies.
+
+   JUCE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, AND ALL WARRANTIES, WHETHER
+   EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR PURPOSE, ARE
+   DISCLAIMED.
+
+  ==============================================================================
+*/
+
+#if ! (DOXYGEN || JUCE_EXCEPTIONS_DISABLED)
+namespace HeapBlockHelper
+{
+    template <bool shouldThrow>
+    struct ThrowOnFail          { static void checkPointer (void*) {} };
+
+    template <>
+    struct ThrowOnFail<true>    { static void checkPointer (void* data) { if (data == nullptr) throw std::bad_alloc(); } };
+}
+#endif
+
+//==============================================================================
+/**
+    Very simple container class to hold a pointer to some data on the heap.
+
+    When you need to allocate some heap storage for something, always try to use
+    this class instead of allocating the memory directly using malloc/free.
+
+    A HeapBlock<char> object can be treated in pretty much exactly the same way
+    as an char*, but as long as you allocate it on the stack or as a class member,
+    it's almost impossible for it to leak memory.
+
+    It also makes your code much more concise and readable than doing the same thing
+    using direct allocations,
+
+    E.g. instead of this:
+    @code
+        int* temp = (int*) malloc (1024 * sizeof (int));
+        memcpy (temp, xyz, 1024 * sizeof (int));
+        free (temp);
+        temp = (int*) calloc (2048 * sizeof (int));
+        temp[0] = 1234;
+        memcpy (foobar, temp, 2048 * sizeof (int));
+        free (temp);
+    @endcode
+
+    ..you could just write this:
+    @code
+        HeapBlock<int> temp (1024);
+        memcpy (temp, xyz, 1024 * sizeof (int));
+        temp.calloc (2048);
+        temp[0] = 1234;
+        memcpy (foobar, temp, 2048 * sizeof (int));
+    @endcode
+
+    The class is extremely lightweight, containing only a pointer to the
+    data, and exposes malloc/realloc/calloc/free methods that do the same jobs
+    as their less object-oriented counterparts. Despite adding safety, you probably
+    won't sacrifice any performance by using this in place of normal pointers.
+
+    The throwOnFailure template parameter can be set to true if you'd like the class
+    to throw a std::bad_alloc exception when an allocation fails. If this is false,
+    then a failed allocation will just leave the heapblock with a null pointer (assuming
+    that the system's malloc() function doesn't throw).
+
+    @see Array, OwnedArray, MemoryBlock
+
+    @tags{Core}
+*/
+template <class ElementType, bool throwOnFailure = false>
+class HeapBlock : public FNoncopyable
+{
+private:
+    template <class OtherElementType>
+    using AllowConversion = std::enable_if_t<std::is_base_of_v<std::remove_pointer_t<ElementType>,
+                                                               std::remove_pointer_t<OtherElementType>>>;
+
+public:
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Creates a HeapBlock which is initially just a null pointer.
+
+        After creation, you can resize the array using the malloc(), calloc(),
+        or realloc() methods.
+    */
+    HeapBlock() = default;
+
+    /** Creates a HeapBlock containing a number of elements.
+
+        The contents of the block are undefined, as it will have been created by a
+        malloc call.
+
+        If you want an array of zero values, you can use the calloc() method or the
+        other constructor that takes an InitialisationState parameter.
+    */
+    template <typename SizeType, std::enable_if_t<std::is_convertible_v<SizeType, int>, int> = 0>
+    explicit HeapBlock (SizeType numElements)
+        : data (static_cast<ElementType*> (FMemory::Malloc (static_cast<size_t> (numElements) * sizeof (ElementType))))
+    {
+        throwOnAllocationFailure();
+    }
+
+    /** Creates a HeapBlock containing a number of elements.
+
+        The initialiseToZero parameter determines whether the new memory should be cleared,
+        or left uninitialised.
+    */
+    template <typename SizeType, std::enable_if_t<std::is_convertible_v<SizeType, int>, int> = 0>
+    HeapBlock (SizeType numElements, bool initialiseToZero)
+        : data (static_cast<ElementType*> (initialiseToZero
+                                               ? FMemory::MallocZeroed (static_cast<size_t> (numElements), sizeof (ElementType))
+                                               : FMemory::Malloc (static_cast<size_t> (numElements) * sizeof (ElementType))))
+    {
+        throwOnAllocationFailure();
+    }
+
+    /** Destructor.
+        This will free the data, if any has been allocated.
+    */
+    ~HeapBlock()
+    {
+        FMemory::Free(data);
+    }
+
+    /** Move constructor */
+    HeapBlock (HeapBlock&& other) noexcept
+        : data (other.data)
+    {
+        other.data = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    /** Move assignment operator */
+    HeapBlock& operator= (HeapBlock&& other) noexcept
+    {
+        std::swap(data, other.data);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    /** Converting move constructor.
+        Only enabled if this is a HeapBlock<Base*> and the other object is a HeapBlock<Derived*>,
+        where std::is_base_of_v<Base, Derived> == true.
+    */
+    template <class OtherElementType, bool otherThrowOnFailure, typename = AllowConversion<OtherElementType>>
+    HeapBlock (HeapBlock<OtherElementType, otherThrowOnFailure>&& other) noexcept
+        : data (reinterpret_cast<ElementType*> (other.data))
+    {
+        other.data = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    /** Converting move assignment operator.
+        Only enabled if this is a HeapBlock<Base*> and the other object is a HeapBlock<Derived*>,
+        where std::is_base_of_v<Base, Derived> == true.
+    */
+    template <class OtherElementType, bool otherThrowOnFailure, typename = AllowConversion<OtherElementType>>
+    HeapBlock& operator= (HeapBlock<OtherElementType, otherThrowOnFailure>&& other) noexcept
+    {
+        free();
+        data = reinterpret_cast<ElementType*> (other.data);
+        other.data = nullptr;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Returns a raw pointer to the allocated data.
+        This may be a null pointer if the data hasn't yet been allocated, or if it has been
+        freed by calling the free() method.
+    */
+    inline operator ElementType*() const noexcept                            { return data; }
+
+    /** Returns a raw pointer to the allocated data.
+        This may be a null pointer if the data hasn't yet been allocated, or if it has been
+        freed by calling the free() method.
+    */
+    inline ElementType* get() const noexcept                                 { return data; }
+
+    /** Returns a raw pointer to the allocated data.
+        This may be a null pointer if the data hasn't yet been allocated, or if it has been
+        freed by calling the free() method.
+    */
+    inline ElementType* getData() const noexcept                             { return data; }
+
+    /** Returns a void pointer to the allocated data.
+        This may be a null pointer if the data hasn't yet been allocated, or if it has been
+        freed by calling the free() method.
+    */
+    inline operator void*() const noexcept                                   { return static_cast<void*> (data); }
+
+    /** Returns a void pointer to the allocated data.
+        This may be a null pointer if the data hasn't yet been allocated, or if it has been
+        freed by calling the free() method.
+    */
+    inline operator const void*() const noexcept                             { return static_cast<const void*> (data); }
+
+    /** Lets you use indirect calls to the first element in the array.
+        Obviously this will cause problems if the array hasn't been initialised, because it'll
+        be referencing a null pointer.
+    */
+    inline ElementType* operator->() const  noexcept                         { return data; }
+
+    /** Returns a reference to one of the data elements.
+        Obviously there's no bounds-checking here, as this object is just a dumb pointer and
+        has no idea of the size it currently has allocated.
+    */
+    template <typename IndexType>
+    ElementType& operator[] (IndexType index) const noexcept                 { return data [index]; }
+
+    /** Returns a pointer to a data element at an offset from the start of the array.
+        This is the same as doing pointer arithmetic on the raw pointer itself.
+    */
+    template <typename IndexType>
+    ElementType* operator+ (IndexType index) const noexcept                  { return data + index; }
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Compares the pointer with another pointer.
+        This can be handy for checking whether this is a null pointer.
+    */
+    inline bool operator== (const ElementType* otherPointer) const noexcept  { return otherPointer == data; }
+
+    /** Compares the pointer with another pointer.
+        This can be handy for checking whether this is a null pointer.
+    */
+    inline bool operator!= (const ElementType* otherPointer) const noexcept  { return otherPointer != data; }
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Allocates a specified amount of memory.
+
+        This uses the normal malloc to allocate an amount of memory for this object.
+        Any previously allocated memory will be freed by this method.
+
+        The number of bytes allocated will be (newNumElements * elementSize). Normally
+        you wouldn't need to specify the second parameter, but it can be handy if you need
+        to allocate a size in bytes rather than in terms of the number of elements.
+
+        The data that is allocated will be freed when this object is deleted, or when you
+        call free() or any of the allocation methods.
+    */
+    template <typename SizeType>
+    void malloc (SizeType newNumElements, size_t elementSize = sizeof (ElementType))
+    {
+        FMemory::Free (data);
+        data = static_cast<ElementType*> (FMemory::Malloc (static_cast<size_t> (newNumElements) * elementSize));
+        throwOnAllocationFailure();
+    }
+
+    /** Allocates a specified amount of memory and clears it.
+        This does the same job as the malloc() method, but clears the memory that it allocates.
+    */
+    template <typename SizeType>
+    void calloc (SizeType newNumElements, const size_t elementSize = sizeof (ElementType))
+    {
+        FMemory::Free (data);
+        data = static_cast<ElementType*> (FMemory::MallocZeroed (static_cast<size_t> (newNumElements), elementSize));
+        throwOnAllocationFailure();
+    }
+
+    /** Allocates a specified amount of memory and optionally clears it.
+        This does the same job as either malloc() or calloc(), depending on the
+        initialiseToZero parameter.
+    */
+    template <typename SizeType>
+    void allocate (SizeType newNumElements, bool initialiseToZero)
+    {
+        FMemory::Free(data);
+        data = static_cast<ElementType*> (initialiseToZero
+                                             ? FMemory::MallocZeroed (static_cast<size_t> (newNumElements), sizeof (ElementType))
+                                             : FMemory::Malloc(static_cast<size_t> (newNumElements) * sizeof (ElementType)));
+        throwOnAllocationFailure();
+    }
+
+    /** Re-allocates a specified amount of memory.
+
+        The semantics of this method are the same as malloc() and calloc(), but it
+        uses realloc() to keep as much of the existing data as possible.
+    */
+    template <typename SizeType>
+    void realloc (SizeType newNumElements, size_t elementSize = sizeof (ElementType))
+    {
+        data = static_cast<ElementType*> (data == nullptr ? FMemory::Malloc(static_cast<size_t> (newNumElements) * elementSize)
+                                                          : FMemory::Realloc(data, static_cast<size_t> (newNumElements) * elementSize));
+        throwOnAllocationFailure();
+    }
+
+    /** Frees any currently-allocated data.
+        This will free the data and reset this object to be a null pointer.
+    */
+    void free() noexcept
+    {
+        FMemory::Free(data);
+        data = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    /** Swaps this object's data with the data of another HeapBlock.
+        The two objects simply exchange their data pointers.
+    */
+    template <bool otherBlockThrows>
+    void swapWith (HeapBlock<ElementType, otherBlockThrows>& other) noexcept
+    {
+        std::swap(data, other.data);
+    }
+
+    /** This fills the block with zeros, up to the number of elements specified.
+        Since the block has no way of knowing its own size, you must make sure that the number of
+        elements you specify doesn't exceed the allocated size.
+    */
+    template <typename SizeType>
+    void clear (SizeType numElements) noexcept
+    {
+        zeromem (data, sizeof (ElementType) * static_cast<size_t> (numElements));
+    }
+
+    /** This typedef can be used to get the type of the heapblock's elements. */
+    using Type = ElementType;
+
+private:
+    //==============================================================================
+    ElementType* data = nullptr;
+
+    void throwOnAllocationFailure() const
+    {
+       #if JUCE_EXCEPTIONS_DISABLED
+        jassert (data != nullptr); // without exceptions, you'll need to find a better way to handle this failure case.
+       #else
+        HeapBlockHelper::ThrowOnFail<throwOnFailure>::checkPointer (data);
+       #endif
+    }
+
+    template <class OtherElementType, bool otherThrowOnFailure>
+    friend class HeapBlock;
+
+    static void* operator new(size_t) = delete;
+    static void operator delete(void*) = delete;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Math.h b/Source/AronaCore/Math.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..50f3a04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Math.h
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+#pragma once
+
+template <typename Type, size_t N>
+constexpr int numElementsInArray(Type (&)[N]) noexcept { return N; }
+
+/** Remaps a value from a source range to a target range. */
+template <typename Type>
+Type jmap(Type sourceValue, Type sourceRangeMin, Type sourceRangeMax, Type targetRangeMin, Type targetRangeMax)
+{
+	check(sourceRangeMax != sourceRangeMin); // mapping from a range of zero will produce NaN!
+	return targetRangeMin + ((targetRangeMax - targetRangeMin) * (sourceValue - sourceRangeMin)) / (sourceRangeMax -
+		sourceRangeMin);
+}
+
+template <typename FloatType>
+int RoundToInt(const FloatType value) noexcept
+{
+#ifdef __INTEL_COMPILER
+#pragma float_control (precise, on, push)
+#endif
+
+	union
+	{
+		int asInt[2];
+		double asDouble;
+	} n;
+	n.asDouble = static_cast<double>(value) + 6755399441055744.0;
+
+#if JUCE_BIG_ENDIAN
+	return n.asInt [1];
+#else
+	return n.asInt[0];
+#endif
+}
+
+/** Returns true if a value is at least zero, and also below a specified upper limit.
+	This is basically a quicker way to write:
+	@code valueToTest >= 0 && valueToTest < upperLimit
+	@endcode
+*/
+template <typename Type1, typename Type2>
+bool IsPositiveAndBelow(Type1 valueToTest, Type2 upperLimit) noexcept
+{
+	check(Type1() <= static_cast<Type1> (upperLimit));
+	// makes no sense to call this if the upper limit is itself below zero..
+	return Type1() <= valueToTest && valueToTest < static_cast<Type1>(upperLimit);
+}
+
+template <typename Type>
+bool IsPositiveAndBelow(int valueToTest, Type upperLimit) noexcept
+{
+	check(upperLimit >= 0); // makes no sense to call this if the upper limit is itself below zero..
+	return static_cast<unsigned int>(valueToTest) < static_cast<unsigned int>(upperLimit);
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiBuffer.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiBuffer.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2d66bf2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiBuffer.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+#include "MidiBuffer.h"
+
+//==============================================================================
+/** A handy function to read un-aligned memory without a performance penalty or bus-error. */
+template <typename Type>
+inline Type readUnaligned (const void* srcPtr) noexcept
+{
+    Type value;
+    memcpy(&value, srcPtr, sizeof(Type));
+    return value;
+}
+
+/** A handy function to write un-aligned memory without a performance penalty or bus-error. */
+template <typename Type>
+inline void writeUnaligned (void* dstPtr, Type value) noexcept
+{
+    memcpy(dstPtr, &value, sizeof (Type));
+}
+
+namespace MidiBufferHelpers
+{
+    inline int getEventTime (const void* d) noexcept
+    {
+        return readUnaligned<int32>(d);
+    }
+
+    inline uint16 getEventDataSize (const void* d) noexcept
+    {
+        return readUnaligned<uint16> (static_cast<const char*> (d) + sizeof (int32));
+    }
+
+    inline uint16 getEventTotalSize (const void* d) noexcept
+    {
+        return (uint16) (getEventDataSize (d) + sizeof (int32) + sizeof (uint16));
+    }
+
+    static int findActualEventLength (const uint8* data, int maxBytes) noexcept
+    {
+        auto byte = (unsigned int)*data;
+
+        if (byte == 0xf0 || byte == 0xf7)
+        {
+            int i = 1;
+
+            while (i < maxBytes)
+                if (data[i++] == 0xf7)
+                    break;
+
+            return i;
+        }
+
+        if (byte == 0xff)
+        {
+            if (maxBytes == 1)
+                return 1;
+
+            const auto var = FMidiMessage::readVariableLengthValue (data + 1, maxBytes - 1);
+            return FMath::Min(maxBytes, var.value + 2 + var.bytesUsed);
+        }
+
+        if (byte >= 0x80)
+            return FMath::Min(maxBytes, FMidiMessage::getMessageLengthFromFirstByte ((uint8) byte));
+
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    static uint8* findEventAfter (uint8* d, uint8* endData, int samplePosition) noexcept
+    {
+        while (d < endData && getEventTime(d) <= samplePosition)
+            d += getEventTotalSize(d);
+
+        return d;
+    }
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+MidiBufferIterator& MidiBufferIterator::operator++() noexcept
+{
+    data += sizeof (int32) + sizeof (uint16) + size_t (MidiBufferHelpers::getEventDataSize (data));
+    return *this;
+}
+
+MidiBufferIterator MidiBufferIterator::operator++ (int) noexcept
+{
+    auto copy = *this;
+    ++(*this);
+    return copy;
+}
+
+MidiBufferIterator::reference MidiBufferIterator::operator*() const noexcept
+{
+    return { data + sizeof (int32) + sizeof (uint16),
+             MidiBufferHelpers::getEventDataSize (data),
+             MidiBufferHelpers::getEventTime (data) };
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+FMidiBuffer::FMidiBuffer(const FMidiMessage& message) noexcept
+{
+    addEvent(message, 0);
+}
+
+void FMidiBuffer::swapWith (FMidiBuffer& other) noexcept      { Swap(data, other.data); }
+void FMidiBuffer::clear() noexcept                           { data.Reset(); }
+void FMidiBuffer::ensureSize (size_t minimumNumBytes)        { ensure(data.GetAllocatedSize() >= (int) minimumNumBytes); }
+bool FMidiBuffer::isEmpty() const noexcept                   { return data.IsEmpty(); }
+
+void FMidiBuffer::clear (int startSample, int numSamples)
+{
+    auto start = MidiBufferHelpers::findEventAfter (data.GetData(), data.GetData() + data.Num(), startSample - 1);
+    auto end   = MidiBufferHelpers::findEventAfter (start,          data.GetData() + data.Num(), startSample + numSamples - 1);
+
+    data.RemoveAt(static_cast<int>(start - data.GetData()), static_cast<int>(end - start));
+}
+
+bool FMidiBuffer::addEvent (const FMidiMessage& m, int sampleNumber)
+{
+    return addEvent (m.getRawData(), m.getRawDataSize(), sampleNumber);
+}
+
+bool FMidiBuffer::addEvent (const void* newData, int maxBytes, int sampleNumber)
+{
+    auto numBytes = MidiBufferHelpers::findActualEventLength (static_cast<const uint8*> (newData), maxBytes);
+
+    if (numBytes <= 0)
+        return true;
+
+    if (std::numeric_limits<uint16>::max() < numBytes)
+    {
+        // This method only supports messages smaller than (1 << 16) bytes
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    auto newItemSize = (size_t)numBytes + sizeof (int32) + sizeof (uint16);
+    auto offset = (int)(MidiBufferHelpers::findEventAfter(data.GetData(), data.GetData() + data.Num(), sampleNumber) - data.GetData());
+
+    // data.insertMultiple(offset, 0, (int)newItemSize);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < (int)newItemSize; ++i)
+        data.Insert(0, offset);
+    
+    auto* d = data.GetData() + offset;
+    writeUnaligned<int32>  (d, sampleNumber);
+    d += sizeof (int32);
+    writeUnaligned<uint16> (d, static_cast<uint16> (numBytes));
+    d += sizeof (uint16);
+    memcpy (d, newData, (size_t) numBytes);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+void FMidiBuffer::addEvents (const FMidiBuffer& otherBuffer,
+                            int startSample, int numSamples, int sampleDeltaToAdd)
+{
+    for (auto i = otherBuffer.findNextSamplePosition (startSample); i != otherBuffer.cend(); ++i)
+    {
+        const auto metadata = *i;
+
+        if (metadata.samplePosition >= startSample + numSamples && numSamples >= 0)
+            break;
+
+        addEvent (metadata.data, metadata.numBytes, metadata.samplePosition + sampleDeltaToAdd);
+    }
+}
+
+int FMidiBuffer::getNumEvents() noexcept
+{
+    int n = 0;
+        
+    for (int i = 0; i < data.Num(); ++i, ++n)
+    {
+        i += MidiBufferHelpers::getEventTotalSize(&data[i]);
+    }
+
+    return n;
+}
+
+int FMidiBuffer::getFirstEventTime() const noexcept
+{
+    return data.Num() > 0 ? MidiBufferHelpers::getEventTime(data.GetData()) : 0;
+}
+
+int FMidiBuffer::getLastEventTime() const noexcept
+{
+    if (data.Num() == 0)
+        return 0;
+
+    // auto endData = data.end();
+
+    // for (auto d = data.begin();;)
+    // {
+    //     auto nextOne = d + MidiBufferHelpers::getEventTotalSize(d);
+    //
+    //     if (nextOne >= endData)
+    //         return MidiBufferHelpers::getEventTime (d);
+    //
+    //     d = nextOne;
+    // }
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < data.Num(); ++i)
+    {
+        const int32 nextOne = i + MidiBufferHelpers::getEventTotalSize(&data[i]);
+
+        if (nextOne >= data.Num())
+            return MidiBufferHelpers::getEventTime(&data[i]);
+
+        i = nextOne;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+MidiBufferIterator FMidiBuffer::findNextSamplePosition (int samplePosition) const noexcept
+{
+    return std::find_if (cbegin(), cend(), [&] (const MidiMessageMetadata& metadata) noexcept
+    {
+        return metadata.samplePosition >= samplePosition;
+    });
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiBuffer.h b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiBuffer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f84e2ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiBuffer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "MidiMessage.h"
+
+//==============================================================================
+/**
+    A view of MIDI message data stored in a contiguous buffer.
+
+    Instances of this class do *not* own the midi data bytes that they point to.
+    Instead, they expect the midi data to live in a separate buffer that outlives
+    the MidiMessageMetadata instance.
+
+    @tags{Audio}
+*/
+struct MidiMessageMetadata final
+{
+    MidiMessageMetadata() noexcept = default;
+
+    MidiMessageMetadata (const uint8* dataIn, int numBytesIn, int positionIn) noexcept
+        : data (dataIn), numBytes (numBytesIn), samplePosition (positionIn)
+    {
+    }
+
+    /** Constructs a new MidiMessage instance from the data that this object is viewing.
+
+        Note that MidiMessage owns its data storage, whereas MidiMessageMetadata does not.
+    */
+    FMidiMessage getMessage() const          { return FMidiMessage (data, numBytes, samplePosition); }
+
+    /** Pointer to the first byte of a MIDI message. */
+    const uint8* data = nullptr;
+
+    /** The number of bytes in the MIDI message. */
+    int numBytes = 0;
+
+    /** The MIDI message's timestamp. */
+    int samplePosition = 0;
+};
+
+//==============================================================================
+/**
+    An iterator to move over contiguous raw MIDI data, which Allows iterating
+    over a MidiBuffer using C++11 range-for syntax.
+
+    In the following example, we log all three-byte messages in a midi buffer.
+    @code
+    void processBlock (AudioBuffer<float>&, MidiBuffer& midiBuffer) override
+    {
+        for (const MidiMessageMetadata metadata : midiBuffer)
+            if (metadata.numBytes == 3)
+                Logger::writeToLog (metadata.getMessage().getDescription());
+    }
+    @endcode
+
+    @tags{Audio}
+*/
+class MidiBufferIterator
+{
+    using Ptr = const uint8*;
+
+public:
+    MidiBufferIterator() = default;
+
+    /** Constructs an iterator pointing at the message starting at the byte `dataIn`.
+        `dataIn` must point to the start of a valid MIDI message. If it does not,
+        calling other member functions on the iterator will result in undefined
+        behaviour.
+    */
+    explicit MidiBufferIterator (const uint8* dataIn) noexcept
+        : data (dataIn)
+    {
+    }
+
+    using difference_type   = std::iterator_traits<Ptr>::difference_type;
+    using value_type        = MidiMessageMetadata;
+    using reference         = MidiMessageMetadata;
+    using pointer           = void;
+    using iterator_category = std::input_iterator_tag;
+
+    /** Make this iterator point to the next message in the buffer. */
+    MidiBufferIterator& operator++() noexcept;
+
+    /** Create a copy of this object, make this iterator point to the next message in
+        the buffer, then return the copy.
+    */
+    MidiBufferIterator operator++ (int) noexcept;
+
+    /** Return true if this iterator points to the same message as another
+        iterator instance, otherwise return false.
+    */
+    bool operator== (const MidiBufferIterator& other) const noexcept { return data == other.data; }
+
+    /** Return false if this iterator points to the same message as another
+        iterator instance, otherwise returns true.
+    */
+    bool operator!= (const MidiBufferIterator& other) const noexcept { return ! operator== (other); }
+
+    /** Return an instance of MidiMessageMetadata which describes the message to which
+        the iterator is currently pointing.
+    */
+    reference operator*() const noexcept;
+
+private:
+    Ptr data = nullptr;
+};
+
+//==============================================================================
+/**
+    Holds a sequence of time-stamped midi events.
+
+    Analogous to the AudioBuffer, this holds a set of midi events with
+    integer time-stamps. The buffer is kept sorted in order of the time-stamps.
+
+    If you're working with a sequence of midi events that may need to be manipulated
+    or read/written to a midi file, then MidiMessageSequence is probably a more
+    appropriate container. MidiBuffer is designed for lower-level streams of raw
+    midi data.
+
+    @see MidiMessage
+
+    @tags{Audio}
+*/
+class FMidiBuffer
+{
+public:
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Creates an empty MidiBuffer. */
+    FMidiBuffer() noexcept = default;
+
+    /** Creates a MidiBuffer containing a single midi message. */
+    explicit FMidiBuffer (const FMidiMessage& message) noexcept;
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Removes all events from the buffer. */
+    void clear() noexcept;
+
+    /** Removes all events between two times from the buffer.
+
+        All events for which (start <= event position < start + numSamples) will
+        be removed.
+    */
+    void clear (int start, int numSamples);
+
+    /** Returns true if the buffer is empty.
+        To actually retrieve the events, use a MidiBufferIterator object
+    */
+    bool isEmpty() const noexcept;
+
+    /** Counts the number of events in the buffer.
+
+        This is actually quite a slow operation, as it has to iterate through all
+        the events, so you might prefer to call isEmpty() if that's all you need
+        to know.
+    */
+    int getNumEvents() noexcept;
+
+    /** Adds an event to the buffer.
+
+        The sample number will be used to determine the position of the event in
+        the buffer, which is always kept sorted. The MidiMessage's timestamp is
+        ignored.
+
+        If an event is added whose sample position is the same as one or more events
+        already in the buffer, the new event will be placed after the existing ones.
+
+        To retrieve events, use a MidiBufferIterator object.
+
+        Returns true on success, or false on failure.
+    */
+    bool addEvent (const FMidiMessage& midiMessage, int sampleNumber);
+
+    /** Adds an event to the buffer from raw midi data.
+
+        The sample number will be used to determine the position of the event in
+        the buffer, which is always kept sorted.
+
+        If an event is added whose sample position is the same as one or more events
+        already in the buffer, the new event will be placed after the existing ones.
+
+        The event data will be inspected to calculate the number of bytes in length that
+        the midi event really takes up, so maxBytesOfMidiData may be longer than the data
+        that actually gets stored. E.g. if you pass in a note-on and a length of 4 bytes,
+        it'll actually only store 3 bytes. If the midi data is invalid, it might not
+        add an event at all.
+
+        To retrieve events, use a MidiBufferIterator object.
+
+        Returns true on success, or false on failure.
+    */
+    bool addEvent (const void* rawMidiData,
+                   int maxBytesOfMidiData,
+                   int sampleNumber);
+
+    /** Adds some events from another buffer to this one.
+
+        @param otherBuffer          the buffer containing the events you want to add
+        @param startSample          the lowest sample number in the source buffer for which
+                                    events should be added. Any source events whose timestamp is
+                                    less than this will be ignored
+        @param numSamples           the valid range of samples from the source buffer for which
+                                    events should be added - i.e. events in the source buffer whose
+                                    timestamp is greater than or equal to (startSample + numSamples)
+                                    will be ignored. If this value is less than 0, all events after
+                                    startSample will be taken.
+        @param sampleDeltaToAdd     a value which will be added to the source timestamps of the events
+                                    that are added to this buffer
+    */
+    void addEvents (const FMidiBuffer& otherBuffer,
+                    int startSample,
+                    int numSamples,
+                    int sampleDeltaToAdd);
+
+    /** Returns the sample number of the first event in the buffer.
+        If the buffer's empty, this will just return 0.
+    */
+    int getFirstEventTime() const noexcept;
+
+    /** Returns the sample number of the last event in the buffer.
+        If the buffer's empty, this will just return 0.
+    */
+    int getLastEventTime() const noexcept;
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Exchanges the contents of this buffer with another one.
+
+        This is a quick operation, because no memory allocating or copying is done, it
+        just swaps the internal state of the two buffers.
+    */
+    void swapWith (FMidiBuffer&) noexcept;
+
+    /** Preallocates some memory for the buffer to use.
+        This helps to avoid needing to reallocate space when the buffer has messages
+        added to it.
+    */
+    void ensureSize (size_t minimumNumBytes);
+
+    /** Get a read-only iterator pointing to the beginning of this buffer. */
+    MidiBufferIterator begin()  const noexcept { return cbegin(); }
+
+    /** Get a read-only iterator pointing one past the end of this buffer. */
+    MidiBufferIterator end()    const noexcept { return cend(); }
+
+    /** Get a read-only iterator pointing to the beginning of this buffer. */
+    MidiBufferIterator cbegin() const noexcept { return MidiBufferIterator (data.GetData()); }
+
+    /** Get a read-only iterator pointing one past the end of this buffer. */
+    MidiBufferIterator cend()   const noexcept { return MidiBufferIterator (data.GetData() + data.Num()); }
+
+    /** Get an iterator pointing to the first event with a timestamp greater-than or
+        equal-to `samplePosition`.
+    */
+    MidiBufferIterator findNextSamplePosition (int samplePosition) const noexcept;
+    
+
+    /** The raw data holding this buffer.
+        Obviously access to this data is provided at your own risk. Its internal format could
+        change in future, so don't write code that relies on it!
+    */
+    TArray<uint8> data;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiMessage.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiMessage.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d6839be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiMessage.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,1293 @@
+#include "MidiMessage.h"
+#include "HeapBlock.h"
+#include "Math.h"
+
+#define NEEDS_TRANS(stringLiteral) (stringLiteral)
+
+/*
+  ==============================================================================
+
+   This file is part of the JUCE library.
+   Copyright (c) 2022 - Raw Material Software Limited
+
+   JUCE is an open source library subject to commercial or open-source
+   licensing.
+
+   The code included in this file is provided under the terms of the ISC license
+   http://www.isc.org/downloads/software-support-policy/isc-license. Permission
+   To use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any purpose with or
+   without fee is hereby granted provided that the above copyright notice and
+   this permission notice appear in all copies.
+
+   JUCE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, AND ALL WARRANTIES, WHETHER
+   EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR PURPOSE, ARE
+   DISCLAIMED.
+
+  ==============================================================================
+*/
+
+namespace MidiHelpers
+{
+	inline uint8 initialByte(const int type, const int channel) noexcept
+	{
+		return static_cast<uint8>(type | FMath::Clamp(channel - 1, 0, 15));
+	}
+
+	inline uint8 validVelocity(const int v) noexcept
+	{
+		return static_cast<uint8>(FMath::Clamp(v, 0, 127));
+	}
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+uint8 FMidiMessage::floatValueToMidiByte(const float v) noexcept
+{
+	check(v >= 0 && v <= 1.0f); // if your value is > 1, maybe you're passing an
+	// integer value to a float method by mistake?
+
+	return MidiHelpers::validVelocity(RoundToInt(v * 127.0f));
+}
+
+uint16 FMidiMessage::pitchbendToPitchwheelPos(const float pitchbend,
+                                             const float pitchbendRange) noexcept
+{
+	// can't translate a pitchbend value that is outside of the given range!
+	check(std::abs (pitchbend) <= pitchbendRange);
+
+	return static_cast<uint16>(pitchbend > 0.0f
+		                           ? jmap(pitchbend, 0.0f, pitchbendRange, 8192.0f, 16383.0f)
+		                           : jmap(pitchbend, -pitchbendRange, 0.0f, 0.0f, 8192.0f));
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+FMidiMessage::VariableLengthValue FMidiMessage::readVariableLengthValue(const uint8* data, int maxBytesToUse) noexcept
+{
+	uint32 v = 0;
+
+	// The largest allowable variable-length value is 0x0f'ff'ff'ff which is
+	// represented by the 4-byte stream 0xff 0xff 0xff 0x7f.
+	// Longer bytestreams risk overflowing a 32-bit signed int.
+	const auto limit = FMath::Min(maxBytesToUse, 4);
+
+	for (int numBytesUsed = 0; numBytesUsed < limit; ++numBytesUsed)
+	{
+		const auto i = data[numBytesUsed];
+		v = (v << 7) + (i & 0x7f);
+
+		if (!(i & 0x80))
+		{
+			return {static_cast<int>(v), numBytesUsed + 1};
+		}
+	}
+
+	// If this is hit, the input was malformed. Either there were not enough
+	// bytes of input to construct a full value, or no terminating byte was
+	// found. This implementation only supports variable-length values of up
+	// to four bytes.
+	return {};
+}
+
+int FMidiMessage::readVariableLengthVal(const uint8* data, int& numBytesUsed) noexcept
+{
+	numBytesUsed = 0;
+	int v = 0, i;
+
+	do
+	{
+		i = static_cast<int>(*data++);
+
+		if (++numBytesUsed > 6)
+		{
+			break;
+		}
+
+		v = (v << 7) + (i & 0x7f);
+	}
+	while (i & 0x80);
+
+	return v;
+}
+
+int FMidiMessage::getMessageLengthFromFirstByte(const uint8 firstByte) noexcept
+{
+	// this method only works for valid starting bytes of a short midi message
+	check(firstByte >= 0x80 && firstByte != 0xf0 && firstByte != 0xf7);
+
+	static const char messageLengths[] =
+	{
+		3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
+		3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
+		3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
+		3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
+		2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
+		2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
+		3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
+		1, 2, 3, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1
+	};
+
+	return messageLengths[firstByte & 0x7f];
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+FMidiMessage::FMidiMessage() noexcept
+	: size(2)
+{
+	packedData.asBytes[0] = 0xf0;
+	packedData.asBytes[1] = 0xf7;
+}
+
+FMidiMessage::FMidiMessage(const void* const d, const int dataSize, const double t)
+	: timeStamp(t), size(dataSize)
+{
+	check(dataSize > 0);
+	// this checks that the length matches the data..
+	check(dataSize > 3 || *(uint8*)d >= 0xf0 || getMessageLengthFromFirstByte (*(uint8*)d) == size);
+
+	memcpy(allocateSpace(dataSize), d, static_cast<size_t>(dataSize));
+}
+
+FMidiMessage::FMidiMessage(const int byte1, const double t) noexcept
+	: timeStamp(t), size(1)
+{
+	packedData.asBytes[0] = static_cast<uint8>(byte1);
+
+	// check that the length matches the data..
+	check(byte1 >= 0xf0 || getMessageLengthFromFirstByte (static_cast<uint8>(byte1)) == 1);
+}
+
+FMidiMessage::FMidiMessage(const int byte1, const int byte2, const double t) noexcept
+	: timeStamp(t), size(2)
+{
+	packedData.asBytes[0] = static_cast<uint8>(byte1);
+	packedData.asBytes[1] = static_cast<uint8>(byte2);
+
+	// check that the length matches the data..
+	check(byte1 >= 0xf0 || getMessageLengthFromFirstByte (static_cast<uint8>(byte1)) == 2);
+}
+
+FMidiMessage::FMidiMessage(const int byte1, const int byte2, const int byte3, const double t) noexcept
+	: timeStamp(t), size(3)
+{
+	packedData.asBytes[0] = static_cast<uint8>(byte1);
+	packedData.asBytes[1] = static_cast<uint8>(byte2);
+	packedData.asBytes[2] = static_cast<uint8>(byte3);
+
+	// check that the length matches the data..
+	check(byte1 >= 0xf0 || getMessageLengthFromFirstByte (static_cast<uint8>(byte1)) == 3);
+}
+
+FMidiMessage::FMidiMessage(const FMidiMessage& other)
+	: timeStamp(other.timeStamp), size(other.size)
+{
+	if (isHeapAllocated())
+	{
+		memcpy(allocateSpace(size), other.getData(), static_cast<size_t>(size));
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		packedData.allocatedData = other.packedData.allocatedData;
+	}
+}
+
+FMidiMessage::FMidiMessage(const FMidiMessage& other, const double newTimeStamp)
+	: timeStamp(newTimeStamp), size(other.size)
+{
+	if (isHeapAllocated())
+	{
+		memcpy(allocateSpace(size), other.getData(), static_cast<size_t>(size));
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		packedData.allocatedData = other.packedData.allocatedData;
+	}
+}
+
+FMidiMessage::FMidiMessage(const void* srcData, int sz, int& numBytesUsed, const uint8 lastStatusByte,
+                         double t, bool sysexHasEmbeddedLength)
+	: timeStamp(t)
+{
+	auto src = static_cast<const uint8*>(srcData);
+	auto byte = static_cast<unsigned int>(*src);
+
+	if (byte < 0x80)
+	{
+		byte = static_cast<unsigned int>(lastStatusByte);
+		numBytesUsed = -1;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		numBytesUsed = 0;
+		--sz;
+		++src;
+	}
+
+	if (byte >= 0x80)
+	{
+		if (byte == 0xf0)
+		{
+			auto d = src;
+			bool haveReadAllLengthBytes = !sysexHasEmbeddedLength;
+			int numVariableLengthSysexBytes = 0;
+
+			while (d < src + sz)
+			{
+				if (*d >= 0x80)
+				{
+					if (*d == 0xf7)
+					{
+						++d; // include the trailing 0xf7 when we hit it
+						break;
+					}
+
+					if (haveReadAllLengthBytes) // if we see a 0x80 bit set after the initial data length
+					{
+						break; // bytes, assume it's the end of the sysex
+					}
+
+					++numVariableLengthSysexBytes;
+				}
+				else if (!haveReadAllLengthBytes)
+				{
+					haveReadAllLengthBytes = true;
+					++numVariableLengthSysexBytes;
+				}
+
+				++d;
+			}
+
+			src += numVariableLengthSysexBytes;
+			size = 1 + static_cast<int>(d - src);
+
+			auto dest = allocateSpace(size);
+			*dest = static_cast<uint8>(byte);
+			memcpy(dest + 1, src, static_cast<size_t>(size - 1));
+
+			numBytesUsed += (numVariableLengthSysexBytes + size); // (these aren't counted in the size)
+		}
+		else if (byte == 0xff)
+		{
+			const auto bytesLeft = readVariableLengthValue(src + 1, sz - 1);
+			size = FMath::Min(sz + 1, bytesLeft.bytesUsed + 2 + bytesLeft.value);
+
+			auto dest = allocateSpace(size);
+			*dest = static_cast<uint8>(byte);
+			memcpy(dest + 1, src, static_cast<size_t>(size) - 1);
+
+			numBytesUsed += size;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			size = getMessageLengthFromFirstByte(static_cast<uint8>(byte));
+			packedData.asBytes[0] = static_cast<uint8>(byte);
+
+			if (size > 1)
+			{
+				packedData.asBytes[1] = (sz > 0 ? src[0] : 0);
+
+				if (size > 2)
+				{
+					packedData.asBytes[2] = (sz > 1 ? src[1] : 0);
+				}
+			}
+
+			numBytesUsed += FMath::Min(size, sz + 1);
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		packedData.allocatedData = nullptr;
+		size = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+FMidiMessage& FMidiMessage::operator=(const FMidiMessage& other)
+{
+	if (this != &other)
+	{
+		if (other.isHeapAllocated())
+		{
+			auto* newStorage = static_cast<uint8*>(isHeapAllocated()
+				                                       ? std::realloc(packedData.allocatedData,
+				                                                      static_cast<size_t>(other.size))
+				                                       : std::malloc(static_cast<size_t>(other.size)));
+
+			if (newStorage == nullptr)
+			{
+				throw std::bad_alloc{}; // The midi message has not been adjusted at this point
+			}
+
+			packedData.allocatedData = newStorage;
+			memcpy(packedData.allocatedData, other.packedData.allocatedData, static_cast<size_t>(other.size));
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			if (isHeapAllocated())
+			{
+				std::free(packedData.allocatedData);
+			}
+
+			packedData.allocatedData = other.packedData.allocatedData;
+		}
+
+		timeStamp = other.timeStamp;
+		size = other.size;
+	}
+
+	return *this;
+}
+
+FMidiMessage::FMidiMessage(FMidiMessage&& other) noexcept
+	: timeStamp(other.timeStamp), size(other.size)
+{
+	packedData.allocatedData = other.packedData.allocatedData;
+	other.size = 0;
+}
+
+FMidiMessage& FMidiMessage::operator=(FMidiMessage&& other) noexcept
+{
+	packedData.allocatedData = other.packedData.allocatedData;
+	timeStamp = other.timeStamp;
+	size = other.size;
+	other.size = 0;
+	return *this;
+}
+
+FMidiMessage::~FMidiMessage() noexcept
+{
+	if (isHeapAllocated())
+	{
+		std::free(packedData.allocatedData);
+	}
+}
+
+uint8* FMidiMessage::allocateSpace(int bytes)
+{
+	if (bytes > static_cast<int>(sizeof (packedData)))
+	{
+		auto d = static_cast<uint8*>(std::malloc(static_cast<size_t>(bytes)));
+		packedData.allocatedData = d;
+		return d;
+	}
+
+	return packedData.asBytes;
+}
+
+FString FMidiMessage::getDescription() const
+{
+	if (isNoteOn())
+	{
+		return "Note on " + getMidiNoteName(getNoteNumber(), true, true, 3) + " Velocity " + FString::FromInt(getVelocity()) +
+			" Channel " + FString::FromInt(getChannel());
+	}
+	if (isNoteOff())
+	{
+		return "Note off " + getMidiNoteName(getNoteNumber(), true, true, 3) + " Velocity " + FString::FromInt(getVelocity()) +
+			" Channel " + FString::FromInt(getChannel());
+	}
+	if (isProgramChange())
+	{
+		return "Program change " + FString::FromInt(getProgramChangeNumber()) + " Channel " + FString::FromInt(getChannel());
+	}
+	if (isPitchWheel())
+	{
+		return "Pitch wheel " + FString::FromInt(getPitchWheelValue()) + " Channel " + FString::FromInt(getChannel());
+	}
+	if (isAftertouch())
+	{
+		return "Aftertouch " + getMidiNoteName(getNoteNumber(), true, true, 3) + ": " + FString::FromInt(getAfterTouchValue()) +
+			" Channel " + FString::FromInt(getChannel());
+	}
+	if (isChannelPressure())
+	{
+		return "Channel pressure " + FString::FromInt(getChannelPressureValue()) + " Channel " + FString::FromInt(getChannel());
+	}
+	if (isAllNotesOff())
+	{
+		return "All notes off Channel " + FString::FromInt(getChannel());
+	}
+	if (isAllSoundOff())
+	{
+		return "All sound off Channel " + FString::FromInt(getChannel());
+	}
+	if (isMetaEvent())
+	{
+		return "Meta event";
+	}
+
+	if (isController())
+	{
+		FString name(getControllerName(getControllerNumber()));
+
+		if (name.IsEmpty())
+		{
+			name = FString::FromInt(getControllerNumber());
+		}
+
+		return "Controller " + name + ": " + FString::FromInt(getControllerValue()) + " Channel " + FString::FromInt(getChannel());
+	}
+	
+	return FString::FromHexBlob(getRawData(), getRawDataSize());
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::withTimeStamp(double newTimestamp) const
+{
+	return {*this, newTimestamp};
+}
+
+int FMidiMessage::getChannel() const noexcept
+{
+	auto data = getRawData();
+
+	if ((data[0] & 0xf0) != 0xf0)
+	{
+		return (data[0] & 0xf) + 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isForChannel(const int channel) const noexcept
+{
+	check(channel > 0 && channel <= 16); // valid channels are numbered 1 to 16
+
+	auto data = getRawData();
+
+	return ((data[0] & 0xf) == channel - 1)
+		&& ((data[0] & 0xf0) != 0xf0);
+}
+
+void FMidiMessage::setChannel(const int channel) noexcept
+{
+	check(channel > 0 && channel <= 16); // valid channels are numbered 1 to 16
+
+	auto data = getData();
+
+	if ((data[0] & 0xf0) != static_cast<uint8>(0xf0))
+	{
+		data[0] = static_cast<uint8>((data[0] & (uint8)0xf0)
+			| (uint8)(channel - 1));
+	}
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isNoteOn(const bool returnTrueForVelocity0) const noexcept
+{
+	auto data = getRawData();
+
+	return ((data[0] & 0xf0) == 0x90)
+		&& (returnTrueForVelocity0 || data[2] != 0);
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isNoteOff(const bool returnTrueForNoteOnVelocity0) const noexcept
+{
+	auto data = getRawData();
+
+	return ((data[0] & 0xf0) == 0x80)
+		|| (returnTrueForNoteOnVelocity0 && (data[2] == 0) && ((data[0] & 0xf0) == 0x90));
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isNoteOnOrOff() const noexcept
+{
+	auto d = getRawData()[0] & 0xf0;
+	return (d == 0x90) || (d == 0x80);
+}
+
+int FMidiMessage::getNoteNumber() const noexcept
+{
+	return getRawData()[1];
+}
+
+void FMidiMessage::setNoteNumber(const int newNoteNumber) noexcept
+{
+	if (isNoteOnOrOff() || isAftertouch())
+	{
+		getData()[1] = static_cast<uint8>(newNoteNumber & 127);
+	}
+}
+
+uint8 FMidiMessage::getVelocity() const noexcept
+{
+	if (isNoteOnOrOff())
+	{
+		return getRawData()[2];
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+float FMidiMessage::getFloatVelocity() const noexcept
+{
+	return getVelocity() * (1.0f / 127.0f);
+}
+
+void FMidiMessage::setVelocity(const float newVelocity) noexcept
+{
+	if (isNoteOnOrOff())
+	{
+		getData()[2] = floatValueToMidiByte(newVelocity);
+	}
+}
+
+void FMidiMessage::multiplyVelocity(const float scaleFactor) noexcept
+{
+	if (isNoteOnOrOff())
+	{
+		auto data = getData();
+		data[2] = MidiHelpers::validVelocity(RoundToInt(scaleFactor * data[2]));
+	}
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isAftertouch() const noexcept
+{
+	return (getRawData()[0] & 0xf0) == 0xa0;
+}
+
+int FMidiMessage::getAfterTouchValue() const noexcept
+{
+	check(isAftertouch());
+	return getRawData()[2];
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::aftertouchChange(const int channel,
+                                          const int noteNum,
+                                          const int aftertouchValue) noexcept
+{
+	check(channel > 0 && channel <= 16); // valid channels are numbered 1 to 16
+	check(IsPositiveAndBelow (noteNum, 128));
+	check(IsPositiveAndBelow (aftertouchValue, 128));
+
+	return FMidiMessage(MidiHelpers::initialByte(0xa0, channel),
+	                   noteNum & 0x7f,
+	                   aftertouchValue & 0x7f);
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isChannelPressure() const noexcept
+{
+	return (getRawData()[0] & 0xf0) == 0xd0;
+}
+
+int FMidiMessage::getChannelPressureValue() const noexcept
+{
+	check(isChannelPressure());
+	return getRawData()[1];
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::channelPressureChange(const int channel, const int pressure) noexcept
+{
+	check(channel > 0 && channel <= 16); // valid channels are numbered 1 to 16
+	check(IsPositiveAndBelow (pressure, 128));
+
+	return FMidiMessage(MidiHelpers::initialByte(0xd0, channel), pressure & 0x7f);
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isSustainPedalOn() const noexcept { return isControllerOfType(0x40) && getRawData()[2] >= 64; }
+bool FMidiMessage::isSustainPedalOff() const noexcept { return isControllerOfType(0x40) && getRawData()[2] < 64; }
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isSostenutoPedalOn() const noexcept { return isControllerOfType(0x42) && getRawData()[2] >= 64; }
+bool FMidiMessage::isSostenutoPedalOff() const noexcept { return isControllerOfType(0x42) && getRawData()[2] < 64; }
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isSoftPedalOn() const noexcept { return isControllerOfType(0x43) && getRawData()[2] >= 64; }
+bool FMidiMessage::isSoftPedalOff() const noexcept { return isControllerOfType(0x43) && getRawData()[2] < 64; }
+
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isProgramChange() const noexcept
+{
+	return (getRawData()[0] & 0xf0) == 0xc0;
+}
+
+int FMidiMessage::getProgramChangeNumber() const noexcept
+{
+	check(isProgramChange());
+	return getRawData()[1];
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::programChange(const int channel, const int programNumber) noexcept
+{
+	check(channel > 0 && channel <= 16); // valid channels are numbered 1 to 16
+
+	return FMidiMessage(MidiHelpers::initialByte(0xc0, channel), programNumber & 0x7f);
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isPitchWheel() const noexcept
+{
+	return (getRawData()[0] & 0xf0) == 0xe0;
+}
+
+int FMidiMessage::getPitchWheelValue() const noexcept
+{
+	check(isPitchWheel());
+	auto data = getRawData();
+	return data[1] | (data[2] << 7);
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::pitchWheel(const int channel, const int position) noexcept
+{
+	check(channel > 0 && channel <= 16); // valid channels are numbered 1 to 16
+	check(IsPositiveAndBelow (position, 0x4000));
+
+	return FMidiMessage(MidiHelpers::initialByte(0xe0, channel),
+	                   position & 127, (position >> 7) & 127);
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isController() const noexcept
+{
+	return (getRawData()[0] & 0xf0) == 0xb0;
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isControllerOfType(const int controllerType) const noexcept
+{
+	auto data = getRawData();
+	return (data[0] & 0xf0) == 0xb0 && data[1] == controllerType;
+}
+
+int FMidiMessage::getControllerNumber() const noexcept
+{
+	check(isController());
+	return getRawData()[1];
+}
+
+int FMidiMessage::getControllerValue() const noexcept
+{
+	check(isController());
+	return getRawData()[2];
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::controllerEvent(const int channel, const int controllerType, const int value) noexcept
+{
+	// the channel must be between 1 and 16 inclusive
+	check(channel > 0 && channel <= 16);
+
+	return FMidiMessage(MidiHelpers::initialByte(0xb0, channel),
+	                   controllerType & 127, value & 127);
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::noteOn(const int channel, const int noteNumber, const uint8 velocity) noexcept
+{
+	check(channel > 0 && channel <= 16);
+	check(IsPositiveAndBelow (noteNumber, 128));
+
+	return FMidiMessage(MidiHelpers::initialByte(0x90, channel),
+	                   noteNumber & 127, MidiHelpers::validVelocity(velocity));
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::noteOn(const int channel, const int noteNumber, const float velocity) noexcept
+{
+	return noteOn(channel, noteNumber, floatValueToMidiByte(velocity));
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::noteOff(const int channel, const int noteNumber, uint8 velocity) noexcept
+{
+	check(channel > 0 && channel <= 16);
+	check(IsPositiveAndBelow (noteNumber, 128));
+
+	return FMidiMessage(MidiHelpers::initialByte(0x80, channel),
+	                   noteNumber & 127, MidiHelpers::validVelocity(velocity));
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::noteOff(const int channel, const int noteNumber, float velocity) noexcept
+{
+	return noteOff(channel, noteNumber, floatValueToMidiByte(velocity));
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::noteOff(const int channel, const int noteNumber) noexcept
+{
+	check(channel > 0 && channel <= 16);
+	check(IsPositiveAndBelow (noteNumber, 128));
+
+	return FMidiMessage(MidiHelpers::initialByte(0x80, channel), noteNumber & 127, 0);
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::allNotesOff(const int channel) noexcept
+{
+	return controllerEvent(channel, 123, 0);
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isAllNotesOff() const noexcept
+{
+	auto data = getRawData();
+	return (data[0] & 0xf0) == 0xb0 && data[1] == 123;
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::allSoundOff(const int channel) noexcept
+{
+	return controllerEvent(channel, 120, 0);
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isAllSoundOff() const noexcept
+{
+	auto data = getRawData();
+	return data[1] == 120 && (data[0] & 0xf0) == 0xb0;
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isResetAllControllers() const noexcept
+{
+	auto data = getRawData();
+	return (data[0] & 0xf0) == 0xb0 && data[1] == 121;
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::allControllersOff(const int channel) noexcept
+{
+	return controllerEvent(channel, 121, 0);
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::masterVolume(const float volume)
+{
+	auto vol = FMath::Clamp(RoundToInt(volume * 0x4000), 0, 0x3fff);
+	return {0xf0, 0x7f, 0x7f, 0x04, 0x01, vol & 0x7f, vol >> 7, 0xf7};
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+bool FMidiMessage::isSysEx() const noexcept
+{
+	return *getRawData() == 0xf0;
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::createSysExMessage(const void* sysexData, const int dataSize)
+{
+	HeapBlock<uint8> m(dataSize + 2);
+
+	m[0] = 0xf0;
+	memcpy(m + 1, sysexData, static_cast<size_t>(dataSize));
+	m[dataSize + 1] = 0xf7;
+
+	return FMidiMessage(m, dataSize + 2);
+}
+
+const uint8* FMidiMessage::getSysExData() const noexcept
+{
+	return isSysEx() ? getRawData() + 1 : nullptr;
+}
+
+int FMidiMessage::getSysExDataSize() const noexcept
+{
+	return isSysEx() ? size - 2 : 0;
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+bool FMidiMessage::isMetaEvent() const noexcept { return *getRawData() == 0xff; }
+bool FMidiMessage::isActiveSense() const noexcept { return *getRawData() == 0xfe; }
+
+int FMidiMessage::getMetaEventType() const noexcept
+{
+	auto data = getRawData();
+	return (size < 2 || *data != 0xff) ? -1 : data[1];
+}
+
+int FMidiMessage::getMetaEventLength() const noexcept
+{
+	auto data = getRawData();
+
+	if (*data == 0xff)
+	{
+		const auto var = readVariableLengthValue(data + 2, size - 2);
+		return FMath::Max(0, FMath::Min(size - 2 - var.bytesUsed, var.value));
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+const uint8* FMidiMessage::getMetaEventData() const noexcept
+{
+	check(isMetaEvent());
+
+	auto d = getRawData() + 2;
+	const auto var = readVariableLengthValue(d, size - 2);
+	return d + var.bytesUsed;
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isTrackMetaEvent() const noexcept { return getMetaEventType() == 0; }
+bool FMidiMessage::isEndOfTrackMetaEvent() const noexcept { return getMetaEventType() == 47; }
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isTextMetaEvent() const noexcept
+{
+	auto t = getMetaEventType();
+	return t > 0 && t < 16;
+}
+
+FString FMidiMessage::getTextFromTextMetaEvent() const
+{
+	auto textData = reinterpret_cast<const char*>(getMetaEventData());
+	return ANSI_TO_TCHAR(textData);
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::textMetaEvent(int type, FString& text)
+{
+	check(type > 0 && type < 16);
+
+	FMidiMessage result;
+
+	const size_t textSize = text.GetAllocatedSize() - 1;
+
+	uint8 header[8];
+	size_t n = sizeof (header);
+
+	header[--n] = static_cast<uint8>(textSize & 0x7f);
+
+	for (size_t i = textSize; (i >>= 7) != 0;)
+	{
+		header[--n] = static_cast<uint8>((i & 0x7f) | 0x80);
+	}
+
+	header[--n] = static_cast<uint8>(type);
+	header[--n] = 0xff;
+
+	const size_t headerLen = sizeof (header) - n;
+	const int totalSize = static_cast<int>(headerLen + textSize);
+
+	auto dest = result.allocateSpace(totalSize);
+	result.size = totalSize;
+
+	memcpy(dest, header + n, headerLen);
+	memcpy(dest + headerLen, *text, textSize);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isTrackNameEvent() const noexcept
+{
+	auto data = getRawData();
+	return (data[1] == 3) && (*data == 0xff);
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isTempoMetaEvent() const noexcept
+{
+	auto data = getRawData();
+	return (data[1] == 81) && (*data == 0xff);
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isMidiChannelMetaEvent() const noexcept
+{
+	auto data = getRawData();
+	return (data[1] == 0x20) && (*data == 0xff) && (data[2] == 1);
+}
+
+int FMidiMessage::getMidiChannelMetaEventChannel() const noexcept
+{
+	check(isMidiChannelMetaEvent());
+	return getRawData()[3] + 1;
+}
+
+double FMidiMessage::getTempoSecondsPerQuarterNote() const noexcept
+{
+	if (!isTempoMetaEvent())
+	{
+		return 0.0;
+	}
+
+	auto d = getMetaEventData();
+
+	return ((static_cast<unsigned int>(d[0]) << 16)
+			| (static_cast<unsigned int>(d[1]) << 8)
+			| d[2])
+		/ 1000000.0;
+}
+
+double FMidiMessage::getTempoMetaEventTickLength(const short timeFormat) const noexcept
+{
+	if (timeFormat > 0)
+	{
+		if (!isTempoMetaEvent())
+		{
+			return 0.5 / timeFormat;
+		}
+
+		return getTempoSecondsPerQuarterNote() / timeFormat;
+	}
+
+	const int frameCode = (-timeFormat) >> 8;
+	double framesPerSecond;
+
+	switch (frameCode)
+	{
+	case 24: framesPerSecond = 24.0;
+		break;
+	case 25: framesPerSecond = 25.0;
+		break;
+	case 29: framesPerSecond = 30.0 * 1000.0 / 1001.0;
+		break;
+	case 30: framesPerSecond = 30.0;
+		break;
+	default: framesPerSecond = 30.0;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return (1.0 / framesPerSecond) / (timeFormat & 0xff);
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::tempoMetaEvent(int microsecondsPerQuarterNote) noexcept
+{
+	return {
+		0xff, 81, 3,
+		static_cast<uint8>(microsecondsPerQuarterNote >> 16),
+		static_cast<uint8>(microsecondsPerQuarterNote >> 8),
+		static_cast<uint8>(microsecondsPerQuarterNote)
+	};
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isTimeSignatureMetaEvent() const noexcept
+{
+	auto data = getRawData();
+	return (data[1] == 0x58) && (*data == static_cast<uint8>(0xff));
+}
+
+void FMidiMessage::getTimeSignatureInfo(int& numerator, int& denominator) const noexcept
+{
+	if (isTimeSignatureMetaEvent())
+	{
+		auto d = getMetaEventData();
+		numerator = d[0];
+		denominator = 1 << d[1];
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		numerator = 4;
+		denominator = 4;
+	}
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::timeSignatureMetaEvent(const int numerator, const int denominator)
+{
+	int n = 1;
+	int powerOfTwo = 0;
+
+	while (n < denominator)
+	{
+		n <<= 1;
+		++powerOfTwo;
+	}
+
+	return {0xff, 0x58, 0x04, numerator, powerOfTwo, 1, 96};
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::midiChannelMetaEvent(const int channel) noexcept
+{
+	return {0xff, 0x20, 0x01, FMath::Clamp(channel - 1, 0, 0xff)};
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isKeySignatureMetaEvent() const noexcept
+{
+	return getMetaEventType() == 0x59;
+}
+
+int FMidiMessage::getKeySignatureNumberOfSharpsOrFlats() const noexcept
+{
+	return static_cast<int8>(getMetaEventData()[0]);
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isKeySignatureMajorKey() const noexcept
+{
+	return getMetaEventData()[1] == 0;
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::keySignatureMetaEvent(int numberOfSharpsOrFlats, bool isMinorKey)
+{
+	check(numberOfSharpsOrFlats >= -7 && numberOfSharpsOrFlats <= 7);
+
+	return {0xff, 0x59, 0x02, numberOfSharpsOrFlats, isMinorKey ? 1 : 0};
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::endOfTrack() noexcept
+{
+	return {0xff, 0x2f, 0x00};
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+bool FMidiMessage::isSongPositionPointer() const noexcept { return *getRawData() == 0xf2; }
+
+int FMidiMessage::getSongPositionPointerMidiBeat() const noexcept
+{
+	auto data = getRawData();
+	return data[1] | (data[2] << 7);
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::songPositionPointer(const int positionInMidiBeats) noexcept
+{
+	return {
+		0xf2,
+		positionInMidiBeats & 127,
+		(positionInMidiBeats >> 7) & 127
+	};
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isMidiStart() const noexcept { return *getRawData() == 0xfa; }
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::midiStart() noexcept { return FMidiMessage(0xfa); }
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isMidiContinue() const noexcept { return *getRawData() == 0xfb; }
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::midiContinue() noexcept { return FMidiMessage(0xfb); }
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isMidiStop() const noexcept { return *getRawData() == 0xfc; }
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::midiStop() noexcept { return FMidiMessage(0xfc); }
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isMidiClock() const noexcept { return *getRawData() == 0xf8; }
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::midiClock() noexcept { return FMidiMessage(0xf8); }
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isQuarterFrame() const noexcept { return *getRawData() == 0xf1; }
+int FMidiMessage::getQuarterFrameSequenceNumber() const noexcept { return static_cast<int>(getRawData()[1]) >> 4; }
+int FMidiMessage::getQuarterFrameValue() const noexcept { return static_cast<int>(getRawData()[1]) & 0x0f; }
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::quarterFrame(const int sequenceNumber, const int value) noexcept
+{
+	return FMidiMessage(0xf1, (sequenceNumber << 4) | value);
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isFullFrame() const noexcept
+{
+	auto data = getRawData();
+
+	return data[0] == 0xf0
+		&& data[1] == 0x7f
+		&& size >= 10
+		&& data[3] == 0x01
+		&& data[4] == 0x01;
+}
+
+void FMidiMessage::getFullFrameParameters(int& hours, int& minutes, int& seconds, int& frames,
+                                         SmpteTimecodeType& timecodeType) const noexcept
+{
+	check(isFullFrame());
+
+	auto data = getRawData();
+	timecodeType = static_cast<SmpteTimecodeType>(data[5] >> 5);
+	hours = data[5] & 0x1f;
+	minutes = data[6];
+	seconds = data[7];
+	frames = data[8];
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::fullFrame(int hours, int minutes, int seconds, int frames,
+                                   SmpteTimecodeType timecodeType)
+{
+	return {
+		0xf0, 0x7f, 0x7f, 0x01, 0x01,
+		(hours & 0x01f) | (timecodeType << 5),
+		minutes, seconds, frames,
+		0xf7
+	};
+}
+
+bool FMidiMessage::isMidiMachineControlMessage() const noexcept
+{
+	auto data = getRawData();
+
+	return data[0] == 0xf0
+		&& data[1] == 0x7f
+		&& data[3] == 0x06
+		&& size > 5;
+}
+
+FMidiMessage::MidiMachineControlCommand FMidiMessage::getMidiMachineControlCommand() const noexcept
+{
+	check(isMidiMachineControlMessage());
+
+	return static_cast<MidiMachineControlCommand>(getRawData()[4]);
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::midiMachineControlCommand(MidiMachineControlCommand command)
+{
+	return {0xf0, 0x7f, 0, 6, command, 0xf7};
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+bool FMidiMessage::isMidiMachineControlGoto(int& hours, int& minutes, int& seconds, int& frames) const noexcept
+{
+	auto data = getRawData();
+
+	if (size >= 12
+		&& data[0] == 0xf0
+		&& data[1] == 0x7f
+		&& data[3] == 0x06
+		&& data[4] == 0x44
+		&& data[5] == 0x06
+		&& data[6] == 0x01)
+	{
+		hours = data[7] % 24; // (that some machines send out hours > 24)
+		minutes = data[8];
+		seconds = data[9];
+		frames = data[10];
+
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+FMidiMessage FMidiMessage::midiMachineControlGoto(int hours, int minutes, int seconds, int frames)
+{
+	return {0xf0, 0x7f, 0, 6, 0x44, 6, 1, hours, minutes, seconds, frames, 0xf7};
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+FString FMidiMessage::getMidiNoteName(int note, bool useSharps, bool includeOctaveNumber, int octaveNumForMiddleC)
+{
+	static constexpr const char* sharpNoteNames[] = {"C", "C#", "D", "D#", "E", "F", "F#", "G", "G#", "A", "A#", "B"};
+	static constexpr const char* flatNoteNames[] = {"C", "Db", "D", "Eb", "E", "F", "Gb", "G", "Ab", "A", "Bb", "B"};
+
+	if (IsPositiveAndBelow(note, 128))
+	{
+		FString s(useSharps
+			          ? sharpNoteNames[note % 12]
+			          : flatNoteNames[note % 12]);
+
+		if (includeOctaveNumber)
+		{
+			s.AppendInt(note / 12 + (octaveNumForMiddleC - 5));
+		}
+
+		return s;
+	}
+
+	return {};
+}
+
+double FMidiMessage::getMidiNoteInHertz(const int noteNumber, const double frequencyOfA) noexcept
+{
+	return frequencyOfA * FMath::Pow(2.0, (noteNumber - 69) / 12.0);
+}
+
+const char* FMidiMessage::getGMInstrumentName(const int n)
+{
+	static const char* names[] =
+	{
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Acoustic Grand Piano"), NEEDS_TRANS("Bright Acoustic Piano"), NEEDS_TRANS("Electric Grand Piano"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Honky-tonk Piano"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Electric Piano 1"), NEEDS_TRANS("Electric Piano 2"), NEEDS_TRANS("Harpsichord"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Clavinet"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Celesta"), NEEDS_TRANS("Glockenspiel"), NEEDS_TRANS("Music Box"), NEEDS_TRANS("Vibraphone"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Marimba"), NEEDS_TRANS("Xylophone"), NEEDS_TRANS("Tubular Bells"), NEEDS_TRANS("Dulcimer"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Drawbar Organ"), NEEDS_TRANS("Percussive Organ"), NEEDS_TRANS("Rock Organ"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Church Organ"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Reed Organ"), NEEDS_TRANS("Accordion"), NEEDS_TRANS("Harmonica"), NEEDS_TRANS("Tango Accordion"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Acoustic Guitar (nylon)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Acoustic Guitar (steel)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Electric Guitar (jazz)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Electric Guitar (clean)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Electric Guitar (mute)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Overdriven Guitar"), NEEDS_TRANS("Distortion Guitar"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Guitar Harmonics"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Acoustic Bass"), NEEDS_TRANS("Electric Bass (finger)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Electric Bass (pick)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Fretless Bass"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Slap Bass 1"), NEEDS_TRANS("Slap Bass 2"), NEEDS_TRANS("Synth Bass 1"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Synth Bass 2"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Violin"), NEEDS_TRANS("Viola"), NEEDS_TRANS("Cello"), NEEDS_TRANS("Contrabass"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Tremolo FStrings"), NEEDS_TRANS("Pizzicato FStrings"), NEEDS_TRANS("Orchestral Harp"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Timpani"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("FString Ensemble 1"), NEEDS_TRANS("FString Ensemble 2"), NEEDS_TRANS("SynthFStrings 1"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("SynthFStrings 2"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Choir Aahs"), NEEDS_TRANS("Voice Oohs"), NEEDS_TRANS("Synth Voice"), NEEDS_TRANS("Orchestra Hit"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Trumpet"), NEEDS_TRANS("Trombone"), NEEDS_TRANS("Tuba"), NEEDS_TRANS("Muted Trumpet"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("French Horn"), NEEDS_TRANS("Brass Section"), NEEDS_TRANS("SynthBrass 1"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("SynthBrass 2"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Soprano Sax"), NEEDS_TRANS("Alto Sax"), NEEDS_TRANS("Tenor Sax"), NEEDS_TRANS("Baritone Sax"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Oboe"), NEEDS_TRANS("English Horn"), NEEDS_TRANS("Bassoon"), NEEDS_TRANS("Clarinet"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Piccolo"), NEEDS_TRANS("Flute"), NEEDS_TRANS("Recorder"), NEEDS_TRANS("Pan Flute"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Blown Bottle"), NEEDS_TRANS("Shakuhachi"), NEEDS_TRANS("Whistle"), NEEDS_TRANS("Ocarina"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Lead 1 (square)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Lead 2 (sawtooth)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Lead 3 (calliope)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Lead 4 (chiff)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Lead 5 (charang)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Lead 6 (voice)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Lead 7 (fifths)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Lead 8 (bass+lead)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Pad 1 (new age)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Pad 2 (warm)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Pad 3 (polysynth)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Pad 4 (choir)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Pad 5 (bowed)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Pad 6 (metallic)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Pad 7 (halo)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Pad 8 (sweep)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("FX 1 (rain)"), NEEDS_TRANS("FX 2 (soundtrack)"), NEEDS_TRANS("FX 3 (crystal)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("FX 4 (atmosphere)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("FX 5 (brightness)"), NEEDS_TRANS("FX 6 (goblins)"), NEEDS_TRANS("FX 7 (echoes)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("FX 8 (sci-fi)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Sitar"), NEEDS_TRANS("Banjo"), NEEDS_TRANS("Shamisen"), NEEDS_TRANS("Koto"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Kalimba"), NEEDS_TRANS("Bag pipe"), NEEDS_TRANS("Fiddle"), NEEDS_TRANS("Shanai"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Tinkle Bell"), NEEDS_TRANS("Agogo"), NEEDS_TRANS("Steel Drums"), NEEDS_TRANS("Woodblock"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Taiko Drum"), NEEDS_TRANS("Melodic Tom"), NEEDS_TRANS("Synth Drum"), NEEDS_TRANS("Reverse Cymbal"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Guitar Fret Noise"), NEEDS_TRANS("Breath Noise"), NEEDS_TRANS("Seashore"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Bird Tweet"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Telephone Ring"), NEEDS_TRANS("Helicopter"), NEEDS_TRANS("Applause"), NEEDS_TRANS("Gunshot")
+	};
+
+	return IsPositiveAndBelow(n, numElementsInArray(names)) ? names[n] : nullptr;
+}
+
+const char* FMidiMessage::getGMInstrumentBankName(const int n)
+{
+	static const char* names[] =
+	{
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Piano"), NEEDS_TRANS("Chromatic Percussion"), NEEDS_TRANS("Organ"), NEEDS_TRANS("Guitar"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Bass"), NEEDS_TRANS("FStrings"), NEEDS_TRANS("Ensemble"), NEEDS_TRANS("Brass"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Reed"), NEEDS_TRANS("Pipe"), NEEDS_TRANS("Synth Lead"), NEEDS_TRANS("Synth Pad"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Synth Effects"), NEEDS_TRANS("Ethnic"), NEEDS_TRANS("Percussive"), NEEDS_TRANS("Sound Effects")
+	};
+
+	return IsPositiveAndBelow(n, numElementsInArray(names)) ? names[n] : nullptr;
+}
+
+const char* FMidiMessage::getRhythmInstrumentName(const int n)
+{
+	static const char* names[] =
+	{
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Acoustic Bass Drum"), NEEDS_TRANS("Bass Drum 1"), NEEDS_TRANS("Side Stick"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Acoustic Snare"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Hand Clap"), NEEDS_TRANS("Electric Snare"), NEEDS_TRANS("Low Floor Tom"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Closed Hi-Hat"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("High Floor Tom"), NEEDS_TRANS("Pedal Hi-Hat"), NEEDS_TRANS("Low Tom"), NEEDS_TRANS("Open Hi-Hat"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Low-Mid Tom"), NEEDS_TRANS("Hi-Mid Tom"), NEEDS_TRANS("Crash Cymbal 1"), NEEDS_TRANS("High Tom"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Ride Cymbal 1"), NEEDS_TRANS("Chinese Cymbal"), NEEDS_TRANS("Ride Bell"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Tambourine"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Splash Cymbal"), NEEDS_TRANS("Cowbell"), NEEDS_TRANS("Crash Cymbal 2"), NEEDS_TRANS("Vibraslap"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Ride Cymbal 2"), NEEDS_TRANS("Hi Bongo"), NEEDS_TRANS("Low Bongo"), NEEDS_TRANS("Mute Hi Conga"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Open Hi Conga"), NEEDS_TRANS("Low Conga"), NEEDS_TRANS("High Timbale"), NEEDS_TRANS("Low Timbale"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("High Agogo"), NEEDS_TRANS("Low Agogo"), NEEDS_TRANS("Cabasa"), NEEDS_TRANS("Maracas"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Short Whistle"), NEEDS_TRANS("Long Whistle"), NEEDS_TRANS("Short Guiro"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Long Guiro"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Claves"), NEEDS_TRANS("Hi Wood Block"), NEEDS_TRANS("Low Wood Block"), NEEDS_TRANS("Mute Cuica"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Open Cuica"), NEEDS_TRANS("Mute Triangle"), NEEDS_TRANS("Open Triangle")
+	};
+
+	return (n >= 35 && n <= 81) ? names[n - 35] : nullptr;
+}
+
+const char* FMidiMessage::getControllerName(const int n)
+{
+	static const char* names[] =
+	{
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Bank Select"), NEEDS_TRANS("Modulation Wheel (coarse)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Breath controller (coarse)"),
+		nullptr,
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Foot Pedal (coarse)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Portamento Time (coarse)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Data Entry (coarse)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Volume (coarse)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Balance (coarse)"),
+		nullptr,
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Pan position (coarse)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Expression (coarse)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Effect Control 1 (coarse)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Effect Control 2 (coarse)"),
+		nullptr, nullptr,
+		NEEDS_TRANS("General Purpose Slider 1"), NEEDS_TRANS("General Purpose Slider 2"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("General Purpose Slider 3"), NEEDS_TRANS("General Purpose Slider 4"),
+		nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr,
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Bank Select (fine)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Modulation Wheel (fine)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Breath controller (fine)"),
+		nullptr,
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Foot Pedal (fine)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Portamento Time (fine)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Data Entry (fine)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Volume (fine)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Balance (fine)"), nullptr, NEEDS_TRANS("Pan position (fine)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Expression (fine)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Effect Control 1 (fine)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Effect Control 2 (fine)"),
+		nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr,
+		nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr,
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Hold Pedal (on/off)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Portamento (on/off)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Sustenuto Pedal (on/off)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Soft Pedal (on/off)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Legato Pedal (on/off)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Hold 2 Pedal (on/off)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Sound Variation"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Sound Timbre"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Sound Release Time"), NEEDS_TRANS("Sound Attack Time"), NEEDS_TRANS("Sound Brightness"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Sound Control 6"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Sound Control 7"), NEEDS_TRANS("Sound Control 8"), NEEDS_TRANS("Sound Control 9"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Sound Control 10"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("General Purpose Button 1 (on/off)"), NEEDS_TRANS("General Purpose Button 2 (on/off)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("General Purpose Button 3 (on/off)"), NEEDS_TRANS("General Purpose Button 4 (on/off)"),
+		nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr,
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Reverb Level"), NEEDS_TRANS("Tremolo Level"), NEEDS_TRANS("Chorus Level"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Celeste Level"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Phaser Level"), NEEDS_TRANS("Data Button increment"), NEEDS_TRANS("Data Button decrement"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Non-registered Parameter (fine)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Non-registered Parameter (coarse)"), NEEDS_TRANS("Registered Parameter (fine)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Registered Parameter (coarse)"),
+		nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr,
+		nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr,
+		NEEDS_TRANS("All Sound Off"), NEEDS_TRANS("All Controllers Off"), NEEDS_TRANS("Local Keyboard (on/off)"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("All Notes Off"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Omni Mode Off"), NEEDS_TRANS("Omni Mode On"), NEEDS_TRANS("Mono Operation"),
+		NEEDS_TRANS("Poly Operation")
+	};
+
+	return IsPositiveAndBelow(n, numElementsInArray(names)) ? names[n] : nullptr;
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiMessage.h b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiMessage.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e462944
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiMessage.h
@@ -0,0 +1,961 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+
+//==============================================================================
+/**
+    Encapsulates a MIDI message.
+
+    @see MidiMessageSequence, MidiOutput, MidiInput
+
+    @tags{Audio}
+*/
+class FMidiMessage
+{
+public:
+	constexpr static int MaxNoteNumber = 127;
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Creates a 3-byte short midi message.
+
+	    @param byte1            message byte 1
+	    @param byte2            message byte 2
+	    @param byte3            message byte 3
+	    @param timeStamp        the time to give the midi message - this value doesn't
+	                            use any particular units, so will be application-specific
+	*/
+	FMidiMessage(int byte1, int byte2, int byte3, double timeStamp = 0) noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a 2-byte short midi message.
+
+	    @param byte1            message byte 1
+	    @param byte2            message byte 2
+	    @param timeStamp        the time to give the midi message - this value doesn't
+	                            use any particular units, so will be application-specific
+	*/
+	FMidiMessage(int byte1, int byte2, double timeStamp = 0) noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a 1-byte short midi message.
+
+	    @param byte1            message byte 1
+	    @param timeStamp        the time to give the midi message - this value doesn't
+	                            use any particular units, so will be application-specific
+	*/
+	FMidiMessage(int byte1, double timeStamp = 0) noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a midi message from a list of bytes. */
+	template<typename... Data>
+	FMidiMessage(int byte1, int byte2, int byte3, Data... otherBytes) : size(3 + sizeof...(otherBytes))
+	{
+		// this checks that the length matches the data..
+		check(size > 3 || byte1 >= 0xf0 || getMessageLengthFromFirstByte (static_cast<uint8>(byte1)) == size);
+
+		const uint8 data[] = { static_cast<uint8>(byte1), static_cast<uint8>(byte2), static_cast<uint8>(byte3), static_cast<uint8>(otherBytes)... };
+		memcpy(allocateSpace(size), data, static_cast<size_t>(size));
+	}
+
+
+	/** Creates a midi message from a block of data. */
+	FMidiMessage(const void* data, int numBytes, double timeStamp = 0);
+
+	/** Reads the next midi message from some data.
+
+	    This will read as many bytes from a data stream as it needs to make a
+	    complete message, and will return the number of bytes it used. This lets
+	    you read a sequence of midi messages from a file or stream.
+
+	    @param data                     the data to read from
+	    @param maxBytesToUse            the maximum number of bytes it's allowed to read
+	    @param numBytesUsed             returns the number of bytes that were actually needed
+	    @param lastStatusByte           in a sequence of midi messages, the initial byte
+	                                    can be dropped from a message if it's the same as the
+	                                    first byte of the previous message, so this lets you
+	                                    supply the byte to use if the first byte of the message
+	                                    has in fact been dropped.
+	    @param timeStamp                the time to give the midi message - this value doesn't
+	                                    use any particular units, so will be application-specific
+	    @param sysexHasEmbeddedLength   when reading sysexes, this flag indicates whether
+	                                    to expect the data to begin with a variable-length
+	                                    field indicating its size
+	*/
+	FMidiMessage(const void* data, int maxBytesToUse,
+	            int& numBytesUsed, uint8 lastStatusByte,
+	            double timeStamp = 0,
+	            bool sysexHasEmbeddedLength = true);
+
+	/** Creates an empty sysex message.
+
+	    Since the MidiMessage has to contain a valid message, this default constructor
+	    just initialises it with an empty sysex message.
+	*/
+	FMidiMessage() noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a copy of another midi message. */
+	FMidiMessage(const FMidiMessage&);
+
+	/** Creates a copy of another midi message, with a different timestamp. */
+	FMidiMessage(const FMidiMessage&, double newTimeStamp);
+
+	/** Destructor. */
+	~FMidiMessage() noexcept;
+
+	/** Copies this message from another one. */
+	FMidiMessage& operator=(const FMidiMessage& other);
+
+	/** Move constructor */
+	FMidiMessage(FMidiMessage&&) noexcept;
+
+	/** Move assignment operator */
+	FMidiMessage& operator=(FMidiMessage&&) noexcept;
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns a pointer to the raw midi data.
+	    @see getRawDataSize
+	*/
+	const uint8* getRawData() const noexcept { return getData(); }
+
+	/** Returns the number of bytes of data in the message.
+	    @see getRawData
+	*/
+	int getRawDataSize() const noexcept { return size; }
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns a human-readable description of the midi message as a string,
+	    for example "Note On C#3 Velocity 120 Channel 1".
+	*/
+	FString getDescription() const;
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns the timestamp associated with this message.
+
+	    The exact meaning of this time and its units will vary, as messages are used in
+	    a variety of different contexts.
+
+	    If you're getting the message from a midi file, this could be a time in seconds, or
+	    a number of ticks - see MidiFile::convertTimestampTicksToSeconds().
+
+	    If the message is being used in a MidiBuffer, it might indicate the number of
+	    audio samples from the start of the buffer.
+
+	    If the message was created by a MidiInput, see MidiInputCallback::handleIncomingMidiMessage()
+	    for details of the way that it initialises this value.
+
+	    @see setTimeStamp, addToTimeStamp
+	*/
+	double getTimeStamp() const noexcept { return timeStamp; }
+
+	/** Changes the message's associated timestamp.
+	    The units for the timestamp will be application-specific - see the notes for getTimeStamp().
+	    @see addToTimeStamp, getTimeStamp
+	*/
+	void setTimeStamp(double newTimestamp) noexcept { timeStamp = newTimestamp; }
+
+	/** Adds a value to the message's timestamp.
+	    The units for the timestamp will be application-specific.
+	*/
+	void addToTimeStamp(double delta) noexcept { timeStamp += delta; }
+
+	/** Return a copy of this message with a new timestamp.
+	    The units for the timestamp will be application-specific - see the notes for getTimeStamp().
+	*/
+	FMidiMessage withTimeStamp(double newTimestamp) const;
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns the midi channel associated with the message.
+
+	    @returns    a value 1 to 16 if the message has a channel, or 0 if it hasn't (e.g.
+	                if it's a sysex)
+	    @see isForChannel, setChannel
+	*/
+	int getChannel() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns true if the message applies to the given midi channel.
+
+	    @param channelNumber    the channel number to look for, in the range 1 to 16
+	    @see getChannel, setChannel
+	*/
+	bool isForChannel(int channelNumber) const noexcept;
+
+	/** Changes the message's midi channel.
+	    This won't do anything for non-channel messages like sysexes.
+	    @param newChannelNumber    the channel number to change it to, in the range 1 to 16
+	*/
+	void setChannel(int newChannelNumber) noexcept;
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns true if this is a system-exclusive message.
+	*/
+	bool isSysEx() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns a pointer to the sysex data inside the message.
+	    If this event isn't a sysex event, it'll return 0.
+	    @see getSysExDataSize
+	*/
+	const uint8* getSysExData() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns the size of the sysex data.
+	    This value excludes the 0xf0 header byte and the 0xf7 at the end.
+	    @see getSysExData
+	*/
+	int getSysExDataSize() const noexcept;
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns true if this message is a 'key-down' event.
+
+	    @param returnTrueForVelocity0   if true, then if this event is a note-on with
+	                    velocity 0, it will still be considered to be a note-on and the
+	                    method will return true. If returnTrueForVelocity0 is false, then
+	                    if this is a note-on event with velocity 0, it'll be regarded as
+	                    a note-off, and the method will return false
+
+	    @see isNoteOff, getNoteNumber, getVelocity, noteOn
+	*/
+	bool isNoteOn(bool returnTrueForVelocity0 = false) const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a key-down message (using a floating-point velocity).
+
+	    @param channel      the midi channel, in the range 1 to 16
+	    @param noteNumber   the key number, 0 to 127
+	    @param velocity     in the range 0 to 1.0
+	    @see isNoteOn
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage noteOn(int channel, int noteNumber, float velocity) noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a key-down message (using an integer velocity).
+
+	    @param channel      the midi channel, in the range 1 to 16
+	    @param noteNumber   the key number, 0 to 127
+	    @param velocity     in the range 0 to 127
+	    @see isNoteOn
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage noteOn(int channel, int noteNumber, uint8 velocity) noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns true if this message is a 'key-up' event.
+
+	    If returnTrueForNoteOnVelocity0 is true, then his will also return true
+	    for a note-on event with a velocity of 0.
+
+	    @see isNoteOn, getNoteNumber, getVelocity, noteOff
+	*/
+	bool isNoteOff(bool returnTrueForNoteOnVelocity0 = true) const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a key-up message.
+
+	    @param channel      the midi channel, in the range 1 to 16
+	    @param noteNumber   the key number, 0 to 127
+	    @param velocity     in the range 0 to 1.0
+	    @see isNoteOff
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage noteOff(int channel, int noteNumber, float velocity) noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a key-up message.
+
+	    @param channel      the midi channel, in the range 1 to 16
+	    @param noteNumber   the key number, 0 to 127
+	    @param velocity     in the range 0 to 127
+	    @see isNoteOff
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage noteOff(int channel, int noteNumber, uint8 velocity) noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a key-up message.
+
+	    @param channel      the midi channel, in the range 1 to 16
+	    @param noteNumber   the key number, 0 to 127
+	    @see isNoteOff
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage noteOff(int channel, int noteNumber) noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns true if this message is a 'key-down' or 'key-up' event.
+
+	    @see isNoteOn, isNoteOff
+	*/
+	bool isNoteOnOrOff() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns the midi note number for note-on and note-off messages.
+	    If the message isn't a note-on or off, the value returned is undefined.
+	    @see isNoteOff, getMidiNoteName, getMidiNoteInHertz, setNoteNumber
+	*/
+	int getNoteNumber() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Changes the midi note number of a note-on or note-off message.
+	    If the message isn't a note on or off, this will do nothing.
+	*/
+	void setNoteNumber(int newNoteNumber) noexcept;
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns the velocity of a note-on or note-off message.
+
+	    The value returned will be in the range 0 to 127.
+	    If the message isn't a note-on or off event, it will return 0.
+
+	    @see getFloatVelocity
+	*/
+	uint8 getVelocity() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns the velocity of a note-on or note-off message.
+
+	    The value returned will be in the range 0 to 1.0
+	    If the message isn't a note-on or off event, it will return 0.
+
+	    @see getVelocity, setVelocity
+	*/
+	float getFloatVelocity() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Changes the velocity of a note-on or note-off message.
+
+	    If the message isn't a note on or off, this will do nothing.
+
+	    @param newVelocity  the new velocity, in the range 0 to 1.0
+	    @see getFloatVelocity, multiplyVelocity
+	*/
+	void setVelocity(float newVelocity) noexcept;
+
+	/** Multiplies the velocity of a note-on or note-off message by a given amount.
+
+	    If the message isn't a note on or off, this will do nothing.
+
+	    @param scaleFactor  the value by which to multiply the velocity
+	    @see setVelocity
+	*/
+	void multiplyVelocity(float scaleFactor) noexcept;
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns true if this message is a 'sustain pedal down' controller message. */
+	bool isSustainPedalOn() const noexcept;
+	/** Returns true if this message is a 'sustain pedal up' controller message. */
+	bool isSustainPedalOff() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns true if this message is a 'sostenuto pedal down' controller message. */
+	bool isSostenutoPedalOn() const noexcept;
+	/** Returns true if this message is a 'sostenuto pedal up' controller message. */
+	bool isSostenutoPedalOff() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns true if this message is a 'soft pedal down' controller message. */
+	bool isSoftPedalOn() const noexcept;
+	/** Returns true if this message is a 'soft pedal up' controller message. */
+	bool isSoftPedalOff() const noexcept;
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns true if the message is a program (patch) change message.
+	    @see getProgramChangeNumber, getGMInstrumentName
+	*/
+	bool isProgramChange() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns the new program number of a program change message.
+	    If the message isn't a program change, the value returned is undefined.
+	    @see isProgramChange, getGMInstrumentName
+	*/
+	int getProgramChangeNumber() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a program-change message.
+
+	    @param channel          the midi channel, in the range 1 to 16
+	    @param programNumber    the midi program number, 0 to 127
+	    @see isProgramChange, getGMInstrumentName
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage programChange(int channel, int programNumber) noexcept;
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns true if the message is a pitch-wheel move.
+	    @see getPitchWheelValue, pitchWheel
+	*/
+	bool isPitchWheel() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns the pitch wheel position from a pitch-wheel move message.
+
+	    The value returned is a 14-bit number from 0 to 0x3fff, indicating the wheel position.
+	    If called for messages which aren't pitch wheel events, the number returned will be
+	    nonsense.
+
+	    @see isPitchWheel
+	*/
+	int getPitchWheelValue() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a pitch-wheel move message.
+
+	    @param channel      the midi channel, in the range 1 to 16
+	    @param position     the wheel position, in the range 0 to 16383
+	    @see isPitchWheel
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage pitchWheel(int channel, int position) noexcept;
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns true if the message is an aftertouch event.
+
+	    For aftertouch events, use the getNoteNumber() method to find out the key
+	    that it applies to, and getAfterTouchValue() to find out the amount. Use
+	    getChannel() to find out the channel.
+
+	    @see getAftertouchValue, getNoteNumber
+	*/
+	bool isAftertouch() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns the amount of aftertouch from an aftertouch messages.
+
+	    The value returned is in the range 0 to 127, and will be nonsense for messages
+	    other than aftertouch messages.
+
+	    @see isAftertouch
+	*/
+	int getAfterTouchValue() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates an aftertouch message.
+
+	    @param channel              the midi channel, in the range 1 to 16
+	    @param noteNumber           the key number, 0 to 127
+	    @param aftertouchAmount     the amount of aftertouch, 0 to 127
+	    @see isAftertouch
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage aftertouchChange(int channel,
+	                                    int noteNumber,
+	                                    int aftertouchAmount) noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns true if the message is a channel-pressure change event.
+
+	    This is like aftertouch, but common to the whole channel rather than a specific
+	    note. Use getChannelPressureValue() to find out the pressure, and getChannel()
+	    to find out the channel.
+
+	    @see channelPressureChange
+	*/
+	bool isChannelPressure() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns the pressure from a channel pressure change message.
+
+	    @returns the pressure, in the range 0 to 127
+	    @see isChannelPressure, channelPressureChange
+	*/
+	int getChannelPressureValue() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a channel-pressure change event.
+
+	    @param channel              the midi channel: 1 to 16
+	    @param pressure             the pressure, 0 to 127
+	    @see isChannelPressure
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage channelPressureChange(int channel, int pressure) noexcept;
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns true if this is a midi controller message.
+
+	    @see getControllerNumber, getControllerValue, controllerEvent
+	*/
+	bool isController() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns the controller number of a controller message.
+
+	    The name of the controller can be looked up using the getControllerName() method.
+	    Note that the value returned is invalid for messages that aren't controller changes.
+
+	    @see isController, getControllerName, getControllerValue
+	*/
+	int getControllerNumber() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns the controller value from a controller message.
+
+	    A value 0 to 127 is returned to indicate the new controller position.
+	    Note that the value returned is invalid for messages that aren't controller changes.
+
+	    @see isController, getControllerNumber
+	*/
+	int getControllerValue() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns true if this message is a controller message and if it has the specified
+	    controller type.
+	*/
+	bool isControllerOfType(int controllerType) const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a controller message.
+	    @param channel          the midi channel, in the range 1 to 16
+	    @param controllerType   the type of controller
+	    @param value            the controller value
+	    @see isController
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage controllerEvent(int channel,
+	                                   int controllerType,
+	                                   int value) noexcept;
+
+	/** Checks whether this message is an all-notes-off message.
+	    @see allNotesOff
+	*/
+	bool isAllNotesOff() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Checks whether this message is an all-sound-off message.
+	    @see allSoundOff
+	*/
+	bool isAllSoundOff() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Checks whether this message is a reset all controllers message.
+	    @see allControllerOff
+	*/
+	bool isResetAllControllers() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates an all-notes-off message.
+	    @param channel              the midi channel, in the range 1 to 16
+	    @see isAllNotesOff
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage allNotesOff(int channel) noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates an all-sound-off message.
+	    @param channel              the midi channel, in the range 1 to 16
+	    @see isAllSoundOff
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage allSoundOff(int channel) noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates an all-controllers-off message.
+	    @param channel              the midi channel, in the range 1 to 16
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage allControllersOff(int channel) noexcept;
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns true if this event is a meta-event.
+
+	    Meta-events are things like tempo changes, track names, etc.
+
+	    @see getMetaEventType, isTrackMetaEvent, isEndOfTrackMetaEvent,
+	         isTextMetaEvent, isTrackNameEvent, isTempoMetaEvent, isTimeSignatureMetaEvent,
+	         isKeySignatureMetaEvent, isMidiChannelMetaEvent
+	*/
+	bool isMetaEvent() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns a meta-event's type number.
+
+	    If the message isn't a meta-event, this will return -1.
+
+	    @see isMetaEvent, isTrackMetaEvent, isEndOfTrackMetaEvent,
+	         isTextMetaEvent, isTrackNameEvent, isTempoMetaEvent, isTimeSignatureMetaEvent,
+	         isKeySignatureMetaEvent, isMidiChannelMetaEvent
+	*/
+	int getMetaEventType() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns a pointer to the data in a meta-event.
+	    @see isMetaEvent, getMetaEventLength
+	*/
+	const uint8* getMetaEventData() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns the length of the data for a meta-event.
+	    @see isMetaEvent, getMetaEventData
+	*/
+	int getMetaEventLength() const noexcept;
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns true if this is a 'track' meta-event. */
+	bool isTrackMetaEvent() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns true if this is an 'end-of-track' meta-event. */
+	bool isEndOfTrackMetaEvent() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates an end-of-track meta-event.
+	    @see isEndOfTrackMetaEvent
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage endOfTrack() noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns true if this is an 'track name' meta-event.
+	    You can use the getTextFromTextMetaEvent() method to get the track's name.
+	*/
+	bool isTrackNameEvent() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns true if this is a 'text' meta-event.
+	    @see getTextFromTextMetaEvent
+	*/
+	bool isTextMetaEvent() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns the text from a text meta-event.
+	    @see isTextMetaEvent
+	*/
+	FString getTextFromTextMetaEvent() const;
+
+	/** Creates a text meta-event. */
+	static FMidiMessage textMetaEvent(int type, FString& text);
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns true if this is a 'tempo' meta-event.
+	    @see getTempoMetaEventTickLength, getTempoSecondsPerQuarterNote
+	*/
+	bool isTempoMetaEvent() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns the tick length from a tempo meta-event.
+
+	    @param timeFormat   the 16-bit time format value from the midi file's header.
+	    @returns the tick length (in seconds).
+	    @see isTempoMetaEvent
+	*/
+	double getTempoMetaEventTickLength(short timeFormat) const noexcept;
+
+	/** Calculates the seconds-per-quarter-note from a tempo meta-event.
+	    @see isTempoMetaEvent, getTempoMetaEventTickLength
+	*/
+	double getTempoSecondsPerQuarterNote() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a tempo meta-event.
+	    @see isTempoMetaEvent
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage tempoMetaEvent(int microsecondsPerQuarterNote) noexcept;
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns true if this is a 'time-signature' meta-event.
+	    @see getTimeSignatureInfo
+	*/
+	bool isTimeSignatureMetaEvent() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns the time-signature values from a time-signature meta-event.
+	    @see isTimeSignatureMetaEvent
+	*/
+	void getTimeSignatureInfo(int& numerator, int& denominator) const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a time-signature meta-event.
+	    @see isTimeSignatureMetaEvent
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage timeSignatureMetaEvent(int numerator, int denominator);
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns true if this is a 'key-signature' meta-event.
+	    @see getKeySignatureNumberOfSharpsOrFlats, isKeySignatureMajorKey
+	*/
+	bool isKeySignatureMetaEvent() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns the key from a key-signature meta-event.
+	    This method must only be called if isKeySignatureMetaEvent() is true.
+	    A positive number here indicates the number of sharps in the key signature,
+	    and a negative number indicates a number of flats. So e.g. 3 = F# + C# + G#,
+	    -2 = Bb + Eb
+	    @see isKeySignatureMetaEvent, isKeySignatureMajorKey
+	*/
+	int getKeySignatureNumberOfSharpsOrFlats() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns true if this key-signature event is major, or false if it's minor.
+	    This method must only be called if isKeySignatureMetaEvent() is true.
+	*/
+	bool isKeySignatureMajorKey() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a key-signature meta-event.
+	    @param numberOfSharpsOrFlats    if positive, this indicates the number of sharps
+	                                    in the key; if negative, the number of flats
+	    @param isMinorKey               if true, the key is minor; if false, it is major
+	    @see isKeySignatureMetaEvent
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage keySignatureMetaEvent(int numberOfSharpsOrFlats, bool isMinorKey);
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns true if this is a 'channel' meta-event.
+
+	    A channel meta-event specifies the midi channel that should be used
+	    for subsequent meta-events.
+
+	    @see getMidiChannelMetaEventChannel
+	*/
+	bool isMidiChannelMetaEvent() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns the channel number from a channel meta-event.
+
+	    @returns the channel, in the range 1 to 16.
+	    @see isMidiChannelMetaEvent
+	*/
+	int getMidiChannelMetaEventChannel() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a midi channel meta-event.
+
+	    @param channel              the midi channel, in the range 1 to 16
+	    @see isMidiChannelMetaEvent
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage midiChannelMetaEvent(int channel) noexcept;
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns true if this is an active-sense message. */
+	bool isActiveSense() const noexcept;
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns true if this is a midi start event.
+	    @see midiStart
+	*/
+	bool isMidiStart() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a midi start event. */
+	static FMidiMessage midiStart() noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns true if this is a midi continue event.
+	    @see midiContinue
+	*/
+	bool isMidiContinue() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a midi continue event. */
+	static FMidiMessage midiContinue() noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns true if this is a midi stop event.
+	    @see midiStop
+	*/
+	bool isMidiStop() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a midi stop event. */
+	static FMidiMessage midiStop() noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns true if this is a midi clock event.
+	    @see midiClock, songPositionPointer
+	*/
+	bool isMidiClock() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a midi clock event. */
+	static FMidiMessage midiClock() noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns true if this is a song-position-pointer message.
+	    @see getSongPositionPointerMidiBeat, songPositionPointer
+	*/
+	bool isSongPositionPointer() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns the midi beat-number of a song-position-pointer message.
+	    @see isSongPositionPointer, songPositionPointer
+	*/
+	int getSongPositionPointerMidiBeat() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a song-position-pointer message.
+
+	    The position is a number of midi beats from the start of the song, where 1 midi
+	    beat is 6 midi clocks, and there are 24 midi clocks in a quarter-note. So there
+	    are 4 midi beats in a quarter-note.
+
+	    @see isSongPositionPointer, getSongPositionPointerMidiBeat
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage songPositionPointer(int positionInMidiBeats) noexcept;
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns true if this is a quarter-frame midi timecode message.
+	    @see quarterFrame, getQuarterFrameSequenceNumber, getQuarterFrameValue
+	*/
+	bool isQuarterFrame() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns the sequence number of a quarter-frame midi timecode message.
+	    This will be a value between 0 and 7.
+	    @see isQuarterFrame, getQuarterFrameValue, quarterFrame
+	*/
+	int getQuarterFrameSequenceNumber() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns the value from a quarter-frame message.
+	    This will be the lower nybble of the message's data-byte, a value between 0 and 15
+	*/
+	int getQuarterFrameValue() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a quarter-frame MTC message.
+
+	    @param sequenceNumber   a value 0 to 7 for the upper nybble of the message's data byte
+	    @param value            a value 0 to 15 for the lower nybble of the message's data byte
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage quarterFrame(int sequenceNumber, int value) noexcept;
+
+	/** SMPTE timecode types.
+	    Used by the getFullFrameParameters() and fullFrame() methods.
+	*/
+	enum SmpteTimecodeType
+	{
+		fps24     = 0,
+		fps25     = 1,
+		fps30drop = 2,
+		fps30     = 3
+	};
+
+	/** Returns true if this is a full-frame midi timecode message. */
+	bool isFullFrame() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Extracts the timecode information from a full-frame midi timecode message.
+
+	    You should only call this on messages where you've used isFullFrame() to
+	    check that they're the right kind.
+	*/
+	void getFullFrameParameters(int& hours,
+	                            int& minutes,
+	                            int& seconds,
+	                            int& frames,
+	                            SmpteTimecodeType& timecodeType) const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates a full-frame MTC message. */
+	static FMidiMessage fullFrame(int hours,
+	                             int minutes,
+	                             int seconds,
+	                             int frames,
+	                             SmpteTimecodeType timecodeType);
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Types of MMC command.
+
+	    @see isMidiMachineControlMessage, getMidiMachineControlCommand, midiMachineControlCommand
+	*/
+	enum MidiMachineControlCommand
+	{
+		mmc_stop         = 1,
+		mmc_play         = 2,
+		mmc_deferredplay = 3,
+		mmc_fastforward  = 4,
+		mmc_rewind       = 5,
+		mmc_recordStart  = 6,
+		mmc_recordStop   = 7,
+		mmc_pause        = 9
+	};
+
+	/** Checks whether this is an MMC message.
+	    If it is, you can use the getMidiMachineControlCommand() to find out its type.
+	*/
+	bool isMidiMachineControlMessage() const noexcept;
+
+	/** For an MMC message, this returns its type.
+
+	    Make sure it's actually an MMC message with isMidiMachineControlMessage() before
+	    calling this method.
+	*/
+	MidiMachineControlCommand getMidiMachineControlCommand() const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates an MMC message. */
+	static FMidiMessage midiMachineControlCommand(MidiMachineControlCommand command);
+
+	/** Checks whether this is an MMC "goto" message.
+	    If it is, the parameters passed-in are set to the time that the message contains.
+	    @see midiMachineControlGoto
+	*/
+	bool isMidiMachineControlGoto(int& hours,
+	                              int& minutes,
+	                              int& seconds,
+	                              int& frames) const noexcept;
+
+	/** Creates an MMC "goto" message.
+	    This messages tells the device to go to a specific frame.
+	    @see isMidiMachineControlGoto
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage midiMachineControlGoto(int hours,
+	                                          int minutes,
+	                                          int seconds,
+	                                          int frames);
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Creates a master-volume change message.
+	    @param volume   the volume, 0 to 1.0
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage masterVolume(float volume);
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Creates a system-exclusive message.
+	    The data passed in is wrapped with header and tail bytes of 0xf0 and 0xf7.
+	*/
+	static FMidiMessage createSysExMessage(const void* sysexData,
+	                                      int dataSize);
+
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Reads a midi variable-length integer.
+
+	    The `data` argument indicates the data to read the number from,
+	    and `numBytesUsed` is used as an out-parameter to indicate the number
+	    of bytes that were read.
+	*/
+	[[deprecated ("This signature has been deprecated in favour of the safer readVariableLengthValue.")]]
+	static int readVariableLengthVal(const uint8* data, int& numBytesUsed) noexcept;
+
+	/** Holds information about a variable-length value which was parsed
+	    from a stream of bytes.
+
+	    A valid value requires that `bytesUsed` is greater than 0.
+	*/
+	struct VariableLengthValue
+	{
+		VariableLengthValue() = default;
+
+		VariableLengthValue(int valueIn, int bytesUsedIn) : value(valueIn), bytesUsed(bytesUsedIn) {}
+
+		bool isValid() const noexcept { return bytesUsed > 0; }
+
+		int value = 0;
+		int bytesUsed = 0;
+	};
+
+	/** Reads a midi variable-length integer, with protection against buffer overflow.
+
+	    @param data             the data to read the number from
+	    @param maxBytesToUse    the number of bytes in the region following `data`
+	    @returns                a struct containing the parsed value, and the number
+	                            of bytes that were read. If parsing fails, both the
+	                            `value` and `bytesUsed` fields will be set to 0 and
+	                            `isValid()` will return false
+	*/
+	static VariableLengthValue readVariableLengthValue(const uint8* data,
+	                                                   int maxBytesToUse) noexcept;
+
+	/** Based on the first byte of a short midi message, this uses a lookup table
+	    to return the message length (either 1, 2, or 3 bytes).
+
+	    The value passed in must be 0x80 or higher.
+	*/
+	static int getMessageLengthFromFirstByte(uint8 firstByte) noexcept;
+
+	//==============================================================================
+	/** Returns the name of a midi note number.
+
+	    E.g "C", "D#", etc.
+
+	    @param noteNumber           the midi note number, 0 to 127
+	    @param useSharps            if true, sharpened notes are used, e.g. "C#", otherwise
+	                                they'll be flattened, e.g. "Db"
+	    @param includeOctaveNumber  if true, the octave number will be appended to the string,
+	                                e.g. "C#4"
+	    @param octaveNumForMiddleC  if an octave number is being appended, this indicates the
+	                                number that will be used for middle C's octave
+
+	    @see getMidiNoteInHertz
+	*/
+	static FString getMidiNoteName(int noteNumber,
+	                               bool useSharps,
+	                               bool includeOctaveNumber,
+	                               int octaveNumForMiddleC = 3);
+
+	/** Returns the frequency of a midi note number.
+
+	    The frequencyOfA parameter is an optional frequency for 'A', normally 440-444Hz for concert pitch.
+	    @see getMidiNoteName
+	*/
+	static double getMidiNoteInHertz(int noteNumber, double frequencyOfA = 440.0) noexcept;
+
+	/** Returns true if the given midi note number is a black key. */
+	static bool isMidiNoteBlack(int noteNumber) noexcept { return ((1 << (noteNumber % 12)) & 0x054a) != 0; }
+
+	/** Returns true if the given midi note number is a white key. */
+	static bool isMidiNoteWhite(int noteNumber) noexcept { return ((1 << (noteNumber % 12)) & 0x054a) == 0; }
+
+	/** Returns the standard name of a GM instrument, or nullptr if unknown for this index.
+
+	    @param midiInstrumentNumber     the program number 0 to 127
+	    @see getProgramChangeNumber
+	*/
+	static const char* getGMInstrumentName(int midiInstrumentNumber);
+
+	/** Returns the name of a bank of GM instruments, or nullptr if unknown for this bank number.
+	    @param midiBankNumber   the bank, 0 to 15
+	*/
+	static const char* getGMInstrumentBankName(int midiBankNumber);
+
+	/** Returns the standard name of a channel 10 percussion sound, or nullptr if unknown for this note number.
+	    @param midiNoteNumber   the key number, 35 to 81
+	*/
+	static const char* getRhythmInstrumentName(int midiNoteNumber);
+
+	/** Returns the name of a controller type number, or nullptr if unknown for this controller number.
+	    @see getControllerNumber
+	*/
+	static const char* getControllerName(int controllerNumber);
+
+	/** Converts a floating-point value between 0 and 1 to a MIDI 7-bit value between 0 and 127. */
+	static uint8 floatValueToMidiByte(float valueBetween0and1) noexcept;
+
+	/** Converts a pitchbend value in semitones to a MIDI 14-bit pitchwheel position value. */
+	static uint16 pitchbendToPitchwheelPos(float pitchbendInSemitones,
+	                                       float pitchbendRangeInSemitones) noexcept;
+private:
+	//==============================================================================
+	union PackedData
+	{
+		uint8* allocatedData;
+		uint8 asBytes[sizeof(uint8*)];
+	};
+
+	PackedData packedData;
+	double timeStamp = 0;
+	int size;
+
+	bool isHeapAllocated() const noexcept { return size > static_cast<int>(sizeof (packedData)); }
+	uint8* getData() const noexcept { return isHeapAllocated() ? packedData.allocatedData : (uint8*)packedData.asBytes; }
+	uint8* allocateSpace(int);
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiMessageSequence.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiMessageSequence.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..58ab050
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiMessageSequence.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,505 @@
+#include "MidiMessageSequence.h"
+
+#include "Pattern/MidiPattern.h"
+#include "Singleton/PortAudioAPI.h"
+#include "Thread/MainThreadEventList.h"
+#include "Math.h"
+#include "Thread/ThreadMessage.h"
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FMainThreadEventList, OnMidiPatternChanged,
+    FMidiPattern* Pattern;
+    FMidiMessageSequence* MidiMessageSequence;
+)
+{
+    Args.Pattern->NotifyOnChanged_MainThread(Args.MidiMessageSequence);
+}
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FPortAudioAPI, SortMidiMessageSequence,
+    FMidiMessageSequence* MidiMessageSequence;
+    FMidiPattern* Pattern;
+)
+{
+    Args.MidiMessageSequence->sort();
+    Args.MidiMessageSequence->updateMatchedPairs();
+    Args.Pattern->NotifyOnChanged(Args.MidiMessageSequence);
+    PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(OnMidiPatternChanged, Args.Pattern, Args.MidiMessageSequence);
+}
+
+FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder::MidiEventHolder (const FMidiMessage& mm) : message (mm) {}
+FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder::MidiEventHolder (FMidiMessage&& mm) : message (std::move (mm)) {}
+
+//==============================================================================
+FMidiMessageSequence::FMidiMessageSequence()
+{
+}
+
+FMidiMessageSequence::FMidiMessageSequence (const FMidiMessageSequence& other)
+{
+    list.Append(other.list);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < list.Num(); ++i)
+    {
+        auto noteOffIndex = other.getIndexOfMatchingKeyUp (i);
+
+        if (noteOffIndex >= 0)
+            list.GetData()[i]->noteOffObject = list.GetData()[noteOffIndex];
+    }
+}
+
+FMidiMessageSequence& FMidiMessageSequence::operator= (const FMidiMessageSequence& other)
+{
+    FMidiMessageSequence otherCopy (other);
+    swapWith (otherCopy);
+    return *this;
+}
+
+FMidiMessageSequence::FMidiMessageSequence (FMidiMessageSequence&& other) noexcept
+    : list (std::move (other.list))
+{
+}
+
+FMidiMessageSequence& FMidiMessageSequence::operator= (FMidiMessageSequence&& other) noexcept
+{
+    list = std::move (other.list);
+    return *this;
+}
+
+void FMidiMessageSequence::swapWith (FMidiMessageSequence& other) noexcept
+{
+    Swap(list, other.list);
+}
+
+TRange<int32> FMidiMessageSequence::GetNoteRange() const
+{
+    int32 MinNote = 127;
+    int32 MaxNote = 0;
+    for (const auto& MidiEventHolder : list)
+    {
+        const FMidiMessage& MidiMessage = MidiEventHolder->message;
+        if (MidiMessage.isNoteOn())
+        {
+            const int32 Note = MidiMessage.getNoteNumber();
+            MinNote = FMath::Min(MinNote, Note);
+            MaxNote = FMath::Max(MaxNote, Note);
+        }
+    }
+    return TRange<int32>(MinNote, MaxNote);
+}
+
+void FMidiMessageSequence::clear()
+{
+    list.Empty();
+}
+
+int FMidiMessageSequence::getNumEvents() const noexcept
+{
+    return list.Num();
+}
+
+FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* FMidiMessageSequence::getEventPointer (int index) const noexcept
+{
+    return list[index];
+}
+
+FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder** FMidiMessageSequence::begin() noexcept               { return list.GetData(); }
+FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* const* FMidiMessageSequence::begin() const noexcept   { return list.GetData(); }
+FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder** FMidiMessageSequence::end() noexcept                 { return list.GetData() + list.Num(); }
+FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* const* FMidiMessageSequence::end() const noexcept     { return list.GetData() + list.Num(); }
+
+double FMidiMessageSequence::getTimeOfMatchingKeyUp (int index) const noexcept
+{
+    if (!list.IsValidIndex(index))
+        return 0;
+    auto* meh = list[index];
+    if (auto* noteOff = meh->noteOffObject)
+        return noteOff->message.getTimeStamp();
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int FMidiMessageSequence::getIndexOfMatchingKeyUp (int index) const noexcept
+{
+    if (!list.IsValidIndex(index))
+        return -1;
+    
+    auto* meh = list[index];
+    
+    if (auto* noteOff = meh->noteOffObject)
+    {
+        for (int i = index; i < list.Num(); ++i)
+            if (list.GetData()[i] == noteOff)
+                return i;
+
+        check(0); // we've somehow got a pointer to a note-off object that isn't in the sequence
+    }
+    
+
+    return -1;
+}
+
+int FMidiMessageSequence::getIndexOf (const MidiEventHolder* event) const noexcept
+{
+    return list.Find(const_cast<MidiEventHolder*>(event));
+}
+
+int FMidiMessageSequence::getNextIndexAtTime (double timeStamp) const noexcept
+{
+    auto numEvents = list.Num();
+    int i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < numEvents; ++i)
+        if (list.GetData()[i]->message.getTimeStamp() >= timeStamp)
+            break;
+
+    return i;
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+double FMidiMessageSequence::getStartTime() const noexcept
+{
+    return getEventTime (0);
+}
+
+double FMidiMessageSequence::getEndTime() const noexcept
+{
+    return getEventTime (list.Num() - 1);
+}
+
+double FMidiMessageSequence::getEventTime (const int index) const noexcept
+{
+    if (list.IsValidIndex(index))
+        return list[index]->message.getTimeStamp();
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* FMidiMessageSequence::addEvent (MidiEventHolder* newEvent, double timeAdjustment)
+{
+    newEvent->message.addToTimeStamp (timeAdjustment);
+    auto time = newEvent->message.getTimeStamp();
+    int i;
+
+    for (i = list.Num(); --i >= 0;)
+        if (list.GetData()[i]->message.getTimeStamp() <= time)
+            break;
+
+    list.Insert(newEvent, i + 1);
+    return newEvent;
+}
+
+FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* FMidiMessageSequence::addEvent (const FMidiMessage& newMessage, double timeAdjustment)
+{
+    return addEvent (new MidiEventHolder (newMessage), timeAdjustment);
+}
+
+FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* FMidiMessageSequence::addEvent (FMidiMessage&& newMessage, double timeAdjustment)
+{
+    return addEvent (new MidiEventHolder (std::move (newMessage)), timeAdjustment);
+}
+
+void FMidiMessageSequence::deleteEvent (int index, bool deleteMatchingNoteUp)
+{
+    if (IsPositiveAndBelow(index, list.Num()))
+    {
+        if (deleteMatchingNoteUp)
+            deleteEvent (getIndexOfMatchingKeyUp (index), false);
+
+        list.RemoveAt(index);
+    }
+}
+
+void FMidiMessageSequence::addSequence (const FMidiMessageSequence& other, double timeAdjustment)
+{
+    for (auto* m : other)
+    {
+        auto newOne = new MidiEventHolder (m->message);
+        newOne->message.addToTimeStamp (timeAdjustment);
+        list.Add(newOne);
+    }
+
+    sort();
+}
+
+void FMidiMessageSequence::addSequence (const FMidiMessageSequence& other,
+                                       double timeAdjustment,
+                                       double firstAllowableTime,
+                                       double endOfAllowableDestTimes)
+{
+    for (auto* m : other)
+    {
+        auto t = m->message.getTimeStamp() + timeAdjustment;
+
+        if (t >= firstAllowableTime && t < endOfAllowableDestTimes)
+        {
+            auto newOne = new MidiEventHolder (m->message);
+            newOne->message.setTimeStamp (t);
+            list.Add(newOne);
+        }
+    }
+
+    sort();
+}
+
+void FMidiMessageSequence::sort() noexcept
+{
+    Algo::StableSort(list, [](const MidiEventHolder* a, const MidiEventHolder* b)
+    {
+        return a->message.getTimeStamp() < b->message.getTimeStamp();
+    });
+}
+
+void FMidiMessageSequence::sortAudioThread()
+{
+    PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(SortMidiMessageSequence, this, pattern);
+}
+
+void FMidiMessageSequence::updateMatchedPairs() noexcept
+{
+    for (int i = 0; i < list.Num(); ++i)
+    {
+        auto* meh = list.GetData()[i];
+        auto& m1 = meh->message;
+
+        if (m1.isNoteOn())
+        {
+            meh->noteOffObject = nullptr;
+            auto note = m1.getNoteNumber();
+            auto chan = m1.getChannel();
+            auto len = list.Num();
+
+            for (int j = i + 1; j < len; ++j)
+            {
+                auto* meh2 = list.GetData()[j];
+                auto& m = meh2->message;
+
+                if (m.getNoteNumber() == note && m.getChannel() == chan)
+                {
+                    if (m.isNoteOff())
+                    {
+                        meh->noteOffObject = meh2;
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    if (m.isNoteOn())
+                    {
+                        auto newEvent = new MidiEventHolder(FMidiMessage::noteOff(chan, note));
+                        list.Insert(newEvent, j);
+                        newEvent->message.setTimeStamp (m.getTimeStamp());
+                        meh->noteOffObject = newEvent;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void FMidiMessageSequence::addTimeToMessages (double delta) noexcept
+{
+    if (delta != 0)
+        for (auto* m : list)
+            m->message.addToTimeStamp (delta);
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+void FMidiMessageSequence::extractMidiChannelMessages (const int channelNumberToExtract,
+                                                      FMidiMessageSequence& destSequence,
+                                                      const bool alsoIncludeMetaEvents) const
+{
+    for (auto* meh : list)
+        if (meh->message.isForChannel (channelNumberToExtract)
+             || (alsoIncludeMetaEvents && meh->message.isMetaEvent()))
+            destSequence.addEvent (meh->message);
+}
+
+void FMidiMessageSequence::extractSysExMessages (FMidiMessageSequence& destSequence) const
+{
+    for (auto* meh : list)
+        if (meh->message.isSysEx())
+            destSequence.addEvent (meh->message);
+}
+
+void FMidiMessageSequence::deleteMidiChannelMessages (const int channelNumberToRemove)
+{
+    for (int i = list.Num(); --i >= 0;)
+        if (list.GetData()[i]->message.isForChannel (channelNumberToRemove))
+            list.RemoveAt(i);
+}
+
+void FMidiMessageSequence::deleteSysExMessages()
+{
+    for (int i = list.Num(); --i >= 0;)
+        if (list.GetData()[i]->message.isSysEx())
+            list.RemoveAt(i);
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+class OptionalPitchWheel
+{
+    TOptional<int> value;
+
+public:
+    void emit (int channel, TArray<FMidiMessage>& out) const
+    {
+        if (value.IsSet())
+            out.Add(FMidiMessage::pitchWheel (channel, *value));
+    }
+
+    void set (int v)
+    {
+        value = v;
+    }
+};
+
+class OptionalControllerValues
+{
+    TOptional<char> values[128];
+
+public:
+    void emit (int channel, TArray<FMidiMessage>& out) const
+    {
+        for (auto it = std::begin (values); it != std::end (values); ++it)
+            if (it->IsSet())
+                out.Add(FMidiMessage::controllerEvent (channel, (int) std::distance (std::begin (values), it), **it));
+    }
+
+    void set (int controller, int value)
+    {
+        values[controller] = (char) value;
+    }
+};
+
+class OptionalProgramChange
+{
+    TOptional<char> value, bankLSB, bankMSB;
+
+public:
+    void emit (int channel, double time, TArray<FMidiMessage>& out) const
+    {
+        if (! value.IsSet())
+            return;
+
+        if (bankLSB.IsSet() && bankMSB.IsSet())
+        {
+            out.Add(FMidiMessage::controllerEvent (channel, 0x00, *bankMSB).withTimeStamp (time));
+            out.Add(FMidiMessage::controllerEvent (channel, 0x20, *bankLSB).withTimeStamp (time));
+        }
+
+        out.Add(FMidiMessage::programChange (channel, *value).withTimeStamp (time));
+    }
+
+    // Returns true if this is a bank number change, and false otherwise.
+    bool trySetBank (int controller, int v)
+    {
+        switch (controller)
+        {
+            case 0x00: bankMSB = (char) v; return true;
+            case 0x20: bankLSB = (char) v; return true;
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    void setProgram (int v) { value = (char) v; }
+};
+
+class ParameterNumberState
+{
+    enum class Kind { rpn, nrpn };
+
+    TOptional<char> newestRpnLsb, newestRpnMsb, newestNrpnLsb, newestNrpnMsb, lastSentLsb, lastSentMsb;
+    Kind lastSentKind = Kind::rpn, newestKind = Kind::rpn;
+
+public:
+    // If the effective parameter number has changed since the last time this function was called,
+    // this will emit the current parameter in full (MSB and LSB).
+    // This should be called before each data message (entry, increment, decrement: 0x06, 0x26, 0x60, 0x61)
+    // to ensure that the data message operates on the correct parameter number.
+    void sendIfNecessary (int channel, double time, TArray<FMidiMessage>& out)
+    {
+        const auto newestMsb = newestKind == Kind::rpn ? newestRpnMsb : newestNrpnMsb;
+        const auto newestLsb = newestKind == Kind::rpn ? newestRpnLsb : newestNrpnLsb;
+
+        auto lastSent = std::tie (lastSentKind, lastSentMsb, lastSentLsb);
+        const auto newest = std::tie (newestKind, newestMsb, newestLsb);
+
+        if (lastSent == newest || ! newestMsb.IsSet() || ! newestLsb.IsSet())
+            return;
+
+        out.Add(FMidiMessage::controllerEvent (channel, newestKind == Kind::rpn ? 0x65 : 0x63, *newestMsb).withTimeStamp (time));
+        out.Add(FMidiMessage::controllerEvent (channel, newestKind == Kind::rpn ? 0x64 : 0x62, *newestLsb).withTimeStamp (time));
+
+        lastSent = newest;
+    }
+
+    // Returns true if this is a parameter number change, and false otherwise.
+    bool trySetProgramNumber (int controller, int value)
+    {
+        switch (controller)
+        {
+            case 0x65: newestRpnMsb  = (char) value; newestKind = Kind::rpn;  return true;
+            case 0x64: newestRpnLsb  = (char) value; newestKind = Kind::rpn;  return true;
+            case 0x63: newestNrpnMsb = (char) value; newestKind = Kind::nrpn; return true;
+            case 0x62: newestNrpnLsb = (char) value; newestKind = Kind::nrpn; return true;
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+};
+
+void FMidiMessageSequence::createControllerUpdatesForTime(int channel, double time, TArray<FMidiMessage>& dest)
+{
+    OptionalProgramChange programChange;
+    OptionalControllerValues controllers;
+    OptionalPitchWheel pitchWheel;
+    ParameterNumberState parameterNumberState;
+
+    for (const auto& item : list)
+    {
+        const auto& mm = item->message;
+
+        if (! (mm.isForChannel (channel) && mm.getTimeStamp() <= time))
+            continue;
+
+        if (mm.isController())
+        {
+            const auto num = mm.getControllerNumber();
+
+            if (parameterNumberState.trySetProgramNumber (num, mm.getControllerValue()))
+                continue;
+
+            if (programChange.trySetBank (num, mm.getControllerValue()))
+                continue;
+
+            constexpr int passthroughs[] { 0x06, 0x26, 0x60, 0x61 };
+
+            if (std::find (std::begin (passthroughs), std::end (passthroughs), num) != std::end (passthroughs))
+            {
+                parameterNumberState.sendIfNecessary (channel, mm.getTimeStamp(), dest);
+                dest.Add(mm);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                controllers.set (num, mm.getControllerValue());
+            }
+        }
+        else if (mm.isProgramChange())
+        {
+            programChange.setProgram (mm.getProgramChangeNumber());
+        }
+        else if (mm.isPitchWheel())
+        {
+            pitchWheel.set (mm.getPitchWheelValue());
+        }
+    }
+
+    pitchWheel.emit (channel, dest);
+    controllers.emit (channel, dest);
+
+    // Also emits bank change messages if necessary.
+    programChange.emit (channel, time, dest);
+
+    // Set the parameter number to its final state.
+    parameterNumberState.sendIfNecessary (channel, time, dest);
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiMessageSequence.h b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiMessageSequence.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c74048
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiMessageSequence.h
@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "MidiMessage.h"
+
+class FMidiPattern;
+//==============================================================================
+/**
+    A sequence of timestamped midi messages.
+
+    This allows the sequence to be manipulated, and also to be read from and
+    written to a standard midi file.
+
+    @see MidiMessage, MidiFile
+
+    @tags{Audio}
+*/
+class FMidiMessageSequence
+{
+public:
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Creates an empty midi sequence object. */
+    FMidiMessageSequence();
+
+    /** Creates a copy of another sequence. */
+    FMidiMessageSequence (const FMidiMessageSequence&);
+
+    /** Replaces this sequence with another one. */
+    FMidiMessageSequence& operator= (const FMidiMessageSequence&);
+
+    /** Move constructor */
+    FMidiMessageSequence (FMidiMessageSequence&&) noexcept;
+
+    /** Move assignment operator */
+    FMidiMessageSequence& operator= (FMidiMessageSequence&&) noexcept;
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Structure used to hold midi events in the sequence.
+
+        These structures act as 'handles' on the events as they are moved about in
+        the list, and make it quick to find the matching note-offs for note-on events.
+
+        @see MidiMessageSequence::getEventPointer
+    */
+    class MidiEventHolder
+    {
+    public:
+        //==============================================================================
+        /** The message itself, whose timestamp is used to specify the event's time. */
+        FMidiMessage message;
+
+        /** The matching note-off event (if this is a note-on event).
+
+            If this isn't a note-on, this pointer will be nullptr.
+
+            Use the MidiMessageSequence::updateMatchedPairs() method to keep these
+            note-offs up-to-date after events have been moved around in the sequence
+            or deleted.
+        */
+        MidiEventHolder* noteOffObject = nullptr;
+
+        double getDuration() const noexcept
+        {
+            if (!noteOffObject)
+                return 0.0;
+            return noteOffObject->message.getTimeStamp() - message.getTimeStamp();
+        }
+
+        TOptional<double> getNoteOffTime() const noexcept
+        {
+            if (!noteOffObject)
+                return {};
+            return noteOffObject->message.getTimeStamp();
+        }
+    private:
+        //==============================================================================
+        friend class FMidiMessageSequence;
+        MidiEventHolder (const FMidiMessage&);
+        MidiEventHolder (FMidiMessage&&);
+    };
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Clears the sequence. */
+    void clear();
+
+    /** Returns the number of events in the sequence. */
+    int getNumEvents() const noexcept;
+
+    /** Returns a pointer to one of the events. */
+    MidiEventHolder* getEventPointer (int index) const noexcept;
+
+    /** Iterator for the list of MidiEventHolders */
+    MidiEventHolder** begin() noexcept;
+
+    /** Iterator for the list of MidiEventHolders */
+    MidiEventHolder* const* begin() const noexcept;
+
+    /** Iterator for the list of MidiEventHolders */
+    MidiEventHolder** end() noexcept;
+
+    /** Iterator for the list of MidiEventHolders */
+    MidiEventHolder* const* end() const noexcept;
+
+    /** Returns the time of the note-up that matches the note-on at this index.
+        If the event at this index isn't a note-on, it'll just return 0.
+        @see MidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder::noteOffObject
+    */
+    double getTimeOfMatchingKeyUp (int index) const noexcept;
+
+    /** Returns the index of the note-up that matches the note-on at this index.
+        If the event at this index isn't a note-on, it'll just return -1.
+        @see MidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder::noteOffObject
+    */
+    int getIndexOfMatchingKeyUp (int index) const noexcept;
+
+    /** Returns the index of an event. */
+    int getIndexOf (const MidiEventHolder* event) const noexcept;
+
+    /** Returns the index of the first event on or after the given timestamp.
+        If the time is beyond the end of the sequence, this will return the
+        number of events.
+    */
+    int getNextIndexAtTime (double timeStamp) const noexcept;
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Returns the timestamp of the first event in the sequence.
+        @see getEndTime
+    */
+    double getStartTime() const noexcept;
+
+    /** Returns the timestamp of the last event in the sequence.
+        @see getStartTime
+    */
+    double getEndTime() const noexcept;
+
+    /** Returns the timestamp of the event at a given index.
+        If the index is out-of-range, this will return 0.0
+    */
+    double getEventTime (int index) const noexcept;
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Inserts a midi message into the sequence.
+
+        The index at which the new message gets inserted will depend on its timestamp,
+        because the sequence is kept sorted.
+
+        Remember to call updateMatchedPairs() after adding note-on events.
+
+        @param newMessage       the new message to add (an internal copy will be made)
+        @param timeAdjustment   an optional value to add to the timestamp of the message
+                                that will be inserted
+        @see updateMatchedPairs
+    */
+    MidiEventHolder* addEvent (const FMidiMessage& newMessage, double timeAdjustment = 0);
+
+    /** Inserts a midi message into the sequence.
+
+        The index at which the new message gets inserted will depend on its timestamp,
+        because the sequence is kept sorted.
+
+        Remember to call updateMatchedPairs() after adding note-on events.
+
+        @param newMessage       the new message to add (an internal copy will be made)
+        @param timeAdjustment   an optional value to add to the timestamp of the message
+                                that will be inserted
+        @see updateMatchedPairs
+    */
+    MidiEventHolder* addEvent (FMidiMessage&& newMessage, double timeAdjustment = 0);
+
+    /** Deletes one of the events in the sequence.
+
+        Remember to call updateMatchedPairs() after removing events.
+
+        @param index                 the index of the event to delete
+        @param deleteMatchingNoteUp  whether to also remove the matching note-off
+                                     if the event you're removing is a note-on
+    */
+    void deleteEvent (int index, bool deleteMatchingNoteUp);
+
+    /** Merges another sequence into this one.
+        Remember to call updateMatchedPairs() after using this method.
+
+        @param other                    the sequence to add from
+        @param timeAdjustmentDelta      an amount to add to the timestamps of the midi events
+                                        as they are read from the other sequence
+        @param firstAllowableDestTime   events will not be added if their time is earlier
+                                        than this time. (This is after their time has been adjusted
+                                        by the timeAdjustmentDelta)
+        @param endOfAllowableDestTimes  events will not be added if their time is equal to
+                                        or greater than this time. (This is after their time has
+                                        been adjusted by the timeAdjustmentDelta)
+    */
+    void addSequence (const FMidiMessageSequence& other,
+                      double timeAdjustmentDelta,
+                      double firstAllowableDestTime,
+                      double endOfAllowableDestTimes);
+
+    /** Merges another sequence into this one.
+        Remember to call updateMatchedPairs() after using this method.
+
+        @param other                    the sequence to add from
+        @param timeAdjustmentDelta      an amount to add to the timestamps of the midi events
+                                        as they are read from the other sequence
+    */
+    void addSequence (const FMidiMessageSequence& other,
+                      double timeAdjustmentDelta);
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Makes sure all the note-on and note-off pairs are up-to-date.
+
+        Call this after re-ordering messages or deleting/adding messages, and it
+        will scan the list and make sure all the note-offs in the MidiEventHolder
+        structures are pointing at the correct ones.
+    */
+    void updateMatchedPairs() noexcept;
+
+    /** Forces a sort of the sequence.
+        You may need to call this if you've manually modified the timestamps of some
+        events such that the overall order now needs updating.
+    */
+    void sort() noexcept;
+    void sortAudioThread();
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Copies all the messages for a particular midi channel to another sequence.
+
+        @param channelNumberToExtract   the midi channel to look for, in the range 1 to 16
+        @param destSequence             the sequence that the chosen events should be copied to
+        @param alsoIncludeMetaEvents    if true, any meta-events (which don't apply to a specific
+                                        channel) will also be copied across.
+        @see extractSysExMessages
+    */
+    void extractMidiChannelMessages (int channelNumberToExtract,
+                                     FMidiMessageSequence& destSequence,
+                                     bool alsoIncludeMetaEvents) const;
+
+    /** Copies all midi sys-ex messages to another sequence.
+        @param destSequence     this is the sequence to which any sys-exes in this sequence
+                                will be added
+        @see extractMidiChannelMessages
+    */
+    void extractSysExMessages (FMidiMessageSequence& destSequence) const;
+
+    /** Removes any messages in this sequence that have a specific midi channel.
+        @param channelNumberToRemove    the midi channel to look for, in the range 1 to 16
+    */
+    void deleteMidiChannelMessages (int channelNumberToRemove);
+
+    /** Removes any sys-ex messages from this sequence. */
+    void deleteSysExMessages();
+
+    /** Adds an offset to the timestamps of all events in the sequence.
+        @param deltaTime    the amount to add to each timestamp.
+    */
+    void addTimeToMessages (double deltaTime) noexcept;
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Scans through the sequence to determine the state of any midi controllers at
+        a given time.
+
+        This will create a sequence of midi controller changes that can be
+        used to set all midi controllers to the state they would be in at the
+        specified time within this sequence.
+
+        As well as controllers, it will also recreate the midi program number
+        and pitch bend position.
+
+        This function has special handling for the "bank select" and "data entry"
+        controllers (0x00, 0x20, 0x06, 0x26, 0x60, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0x64, 0x65).
+
+        If the sequence contains multiple bank select and program change messages,
+        only the bank select messages immediately preceding the final program change
+        message will be kept.
+
+        All "data increment" and "data decrement" messages will be retained. Some hardware will
+        ignore the requested increment/decrement values, so retaining all messages is the only
+        way to ensure compatibility with all hardware.
+
+        "Parameter number" changes will be slightly condensed. Only the parameter number
+        events immediately preceding each data entry event will be kept. The parameter number
+        will also be set to its final value at the end of the sequence, if necessary.
+
+        @param channelNumber    the midi channel to look for, in the range 1 to 16. Controllers
+                                for other channels will be ignored.
+        @param time             the time at which you want to find out the state - there are
+                                no explicit units for this time measurement, it's the same units
+                                as used for the timestamps of the messages
+        @param resultMessages   an array to which midi controller-change messages will be added. This
+                                will be the minimum number of controller changes to recreate the
+                                state at the required time.
+    */
+    void createControllerUpdatesForTime (int channelNumber, double time, TArray<FMidiMessage>& resultMessages);
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Swaps this sequence with another one. */
+    void swapWith (FMidiMessageSequence&) noexcept;
+
+    TRange<int32> GetNoteRange() const;
+
+    FMidiPattern* pattern;
+private:
+    //==============================================================================
+    friend class FMidiFile;
+    TArray<MidiEventHolder*> list;
+
+    MidiEventHolder* addEvent (MidiEventHolder*, double);
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiType.h b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiType.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2a8ab93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MidiType.h
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MifiFile.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MifiFile.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c737d33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MifiFile.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,510 @@
+#include "MifiFile.h"
+
+#include "FileHelper.h"
+#include "MidiMessageSequence.h"
+#include "ByteOrder.h"
+#include "Math.h"
+
+namespace MidiFileHelpers
+{
+    static void writeVariableLengthInt (TArray<uint8>& out, uint32 v)
+    {
+        auto buffer = v & 0x7f;
+
+        while ((v >>= 7) != 0)
+        {
+            buffer <<= 8;
+            buffer |= ((v & 0x7f) | 0x80);
+        }
+
+        for (;;)
+        {
+            out.Add((char)buffer);
+
+            if (buffer & 0x80)
+                buffer >>= 8;
+            else
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    template <typename Integral>
+    struct ReadTrait;
+
+    template <>
+    struct ReadTrait<uint32> { static constexpr auto read = FByteOrder::bigEndianInt; };
+
+    template <>
+    struct ReadTrait<uint16> { static constexpr auto read = FByteOrder::bigEndianShort; };
+
+    template <typename Integral>
+    TOptional<Integral> tryRead (const uint8*& data, size_t& remaining)
+    {
+        using Trait = ReadTrait<Integral>;
+        constexpr auto size = sizeof (Integral);
+
+        if (remaining < size)
+            return {};
+
+        const TOptional<Integral> result { Trait::read (data) };
+
+        data += size;
+        remaining -= size;
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    struct HeaderDetails
+    {
+        size_t bytesRead = 0;
+        short timeFormat = 0;
+        short fileType = 0;
+        short numberOfTracks = 0;
+    };
+
+    static TOptional<HeaderDetails> parseMidiHeader (const uint8* const initialData,
+                                                    const size_t maxSize)
+    {
+        auto* data = initialData;
+        auto remaining = maxSize;
+
+        auto ch = tryRead<uint32> (data, remaining);
+
+        if (! ch.IsSet())
+            return {};
+
+        if (*ch != FByteOrder::bigEndianInt ("MThd"))
+        {
+            auto ok = false;
+
+            if (*ch == FByteOrder::bigEndianInt ("RIFF"))
+            {
+                for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i)
+                {
+                    ch = tryRead<uint32> (data, remaining);
+
+                    if (! ch.IsSet())
+                        return {};
+
+                    if (*ch == FByteOrder::bigEndianInt ("MThd"))
+                    {
+                        ok = true;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (! ok)
+                return {};
+        }
+
+        const auto bytesRemaining = tryRead<uint32> (data, remaining);
+
+        if (! bytesRemaining.IsSet() || *bytesRemaining > remaining)
+            return {};
+
+        const auto optFileType = tryRead<uint16> (data, remaining);
+
+        if (! optFileType.IsSet() || 2 < *optFileType)
+            return {};
+
+        const auto optNumTracks = tryRead<uint16> (data, remaining);
+
+        if (! optNumTracks.IsSet() || (*optFileType == 0 && *optNumTracks != 1))
+            return {};
+
+        const auto optTimeFormat = tryRead<uint16> (data, remaining);
+
+        if (! optTimeFormat.IsSet())
+            return {};
+
+        HeaderDetails result;
+
+        result.fileType = (short) *optFileType;
+        result.timeFormat = (short) *optTimeFormat;
+        result.numberOfTracks = (short) *optNumTracks;
+        result.bytesRead = maxSize - remaining;
+
+        return { result };
+    }
+
+    static double convertTicksToSeconds (double time,
+                                         const FMidiMessageSequence& tempoEvents,
+                                         int timeFormat)
+    {
+        if (timeFormat < 0)
+            return time / (-(timeFormat >> 8) * (timeFormat & 0xff));
+
+        double lastTime = 0, correctedTime = 0;
+        auto tickLen = 1.0 / (timeFormat & 0x7fff);
+        auto secsPerTick = 0.5 * tickLen;
+        auto numEvents = tempoEvents.getNumEvents();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < numEvents; ++i)
+        {
+            auto& m = tempoEvents.getEventPointer(i)->message;
+            auto eventTime = m.getTimeStamp();
+
+            if (eventTime >= time)
+                break;
+
+            correctedTime += (eventTime - lastTime) * secsPerTick;
+            lastTime = eventTime;
+
+            if (m.isTempoMetaEvent())
+                secsPerTick = tickLen * m.getTempoSecondsPerQuarterNote();
+
+            while (i + 1 < numEvents)
+            {
+                auto& m2 = tempoEvents.getEventPointer(i + 1)->message;
+
+                if (m2.getTimeStamp() != eventTime)
+                    break;
+
+                if (m2.isTempoMetaEvent())
+                    secsPerTick = tickLen * m2.getTempoSecondsPerQuarterNote();
+
+                ++i;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return correctedTime + (time - lastTime) * secsPerTick;
+    }
+
+    template <typename MethodType>
+    static void findAllMatchingEvents (const TArray<FMidiMessageSequence*>& tracks,
+                                       FMidiMessageSequence& results,
+                                       MethodType method)
+    {
+        for (auto* track : tracks)
+        {
+            auto numEvents = track->getNumEvents();
+
+            for (int j = 0; j < numEvents; ++j)
+            {
+                auto& m = track->getEventPointer(j)->message;
+
+                if ((m.*method)())
+                    results.addEvent (m);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static FMidiMessageSequence readTrack (const uint8* data, int size)
+    {
+        double time = 0;
+        uint8 lastStatusByte = 0;
+
+        FMidiMessageSequence result;
+
+        while (size > 0)
+        {
+            const auto delay = FMidiMessage::readVariableLengthValue (data, (int) size);
+
+            if (! delay.isValid())
+                break;
+
+            data += delay.bytesUsed;
+            size -= delay.bytesUsed;
+            time += delay.value;
+
+            if (size <= 0)
+                break;
+
+            int messSize = 0;
+            const FMidiMessage mm (data, size, messSize, lastStatusByte, time);
+
+            if (messSize <= 0)
+                break;
+
+            size -= messSize;
+            data += messSize;
+
+            result.addEvent (mm);
+
+            auto firstByte = *(mm.getRawData());
+
+            if ((firstByte & 0xf0) != 0xf0)
+                lastStatusByte = firstByte;
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+FMidiFile::FMidiFile() : timeFormat ((short) (unsigned short) 0xe728) {}
+
+FMidiFile::FMidiFile (const FMidiFile& other) : timeFormat (other.timeFormat)
+{
+    tracks.Append(other.tracks);
+}
+
+FMidiFile& FMidiFile::operator= (const FMidiFile& other)
+{
+    tracks.Empty();
+    tracks.Append(other.tracks);
+    timeFormat = other.timeFormat;
+    return *this;
+}
+
+FMidiFile::FMidiFile (FMidiFile&& other)
+    : tracks (std::move (other.tracks)),
+      timeFormat (other.timeFormat)
+{
+}
+
+FMidiFile& FMidiFile::operator= (FMidiFile&& other)
+{
+    tracks = std::move (other.tracks);
+    timeFormat = other.timeFormat;
+    return *this;
+}
+
+void FMidiFile::clear()
+{
+    tracks.Empty();
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+int FMidiFile::getNumTracks() const noexcept
+{
+    return tracks.Num();
+}
+
+const FMidiMessageSequence* FMidiFile::getTrack (int index) const noexcept
+{
+    return tracks[index];
+}
+
+void FMidiFile::addTrack (const FMidiMessageSequence& trackSequence)
+{
+    tracks.Add(new FMidiMessageSequence (trackSequence));
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+short FMidiFile::getTimeFormat() const noexcept
+{
+    return timeFormat;
+}
+
+void FMidiFile::setTicksPerQuarterNote (int ticks) noexcept
+{
+    timeFormat = (short) ticks;
+}
+
+void FMidiFile::setSmpteTimeFormat (int framesPerSecond, int subframeResolution) noexcept
+{
+    timeFormat = (short) (((-framesPerSecond) << 8) | subframeResolution);
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+void FMidiFile::findAllTempoEvents (FMidiMessageSequence& results) const
+{
+    MidiFileHelpers::findAllMatchingEvents (tracks, results, &FMidiMessage::isTempoMetaEvent);
+}
+
+void FMidiFile::findAllTimeSigEvents (FMidiMessageSequence& results) const
+{
+    MidiFileHelpers::findAllMatchingEvents (tracks, results, &FMidiMessage::isTimeSignatureMetaEvent);
+}
+
+void FMidiFile::findAllKeySigEvents (FMidiMessageSequence& results) const
+{
+    MidiFileHelpers::findAllMatchingEvents (tracks, results, &FMidiMessage::isKeySignatureMetaEvent);
+}
+
+double FMidiFile::getLastTimestamp() const
+{
+    double t = 0.0;
+
+    for (auto* ms : tracks)
+        t = FMath::Max(t, ms->getEndTime());
+
+    return t;
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+bool FMidiFile::readFrom(FString FilePathName,
+                         bool createMatchingNoteOffs,
+                         int* fileType)
+{
+    clear();
+    TArray<uint8> data;
+
+    if (!FFileHelper::LoadFileToArray(data, *FilePathName))
+        return false;
+
+    size_t size = data.Num();
+    auto d = static_cast<const uint8*> (data.GetData());
+
+    const auto optHeader = MidiFileHelpers::parseMidiHeader (d, size);
+
+    if (! optHeader.IsSet())
+        return false;
+
+    const auto header = *optHeader;
+    timeFormat = header.timeFormat;
+
+    d += header.bytesRead;
+    size -= (size_t) header.bytesRead;
+
+    for (int track = 0; track < header.numberOfTracks; ++track)
+    {
+        const auto optChunkType = MidiFileHelpers::tryRead<uint32> (d, size);
+
+        if (!optChunkType.IsSet())
+            return false;
+
+        const auto optChunkSize = MidiFileHelpers::tryRead<uint32> (d, size);
+
+        if (! optChunkSize.IsSet())
+            return false;
+
+        const auto chunkSize = *optChunkSize;
+
+        if (size < chunkSize)
+            return false;
+
+        if (*optChunkType == FByteOrder::bigEndianInt ("MTrk"))
+            readNextTrack (d, (int) chunkSize, createMatchingNoteOffs);
+
+        size -= chunkSize;
+        d += chunkSize;
+    }
+
+    const auto successful = (size == 0);
+
+    if (successful && fileType != nullptr)
+        *fileType = header.fileType;
+
+    return successful;
+}
+
+void FMidiFile::readNextTrack (const uint8* data, int size, bool createMatchingNoteOffs)
+{
+    auto sequence = MidiFileHelpers::readTrack (data, size);
+
+    // sort so that we put all the note-offs before note-ons that have the same time
+    Algo::StableSort(sequence.list, [] (const FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* a,
+                          const FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* b)
+    {
+        auto t1 = a->message.getTimeStamp();
+        auto t2 = b->message.getTimeStamp();
+
+        if (t1 < t2)  return true;
+        if (t2 < t1)  return false;
+
+        return a->message.isNoteOff() && b->message.isNoteOn();
+    });
+
+    if (createMatchingNoteOffs)
+        sequence.updateMatchedPairs();
+
+    addTrack (sequence);
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+void FMidiFile::convertTimestampTicksToSeconds()
+{
+    FMidiMessageSequence tempoEvents;
+    findAllTempoEvents (tempoEvents);
+    findAllTimeSigEvents (tempoEvents);
+
+    if (timeFormat != 0)
+    {
+        for (auto* ms : tracks)
+        {
+            for (int j = ms->getNumEvents(); --j >= 0;)
+            {
+                auto& m = ms->getEventPointer(j)->message;
+                m.setTimeStamp (MidiFileHelpers::convertTicksToSeconds (m.getTimeStamp(), tempoEvents, timeFormat));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+//==============================================================================
+bool FMidiFile::writeTo (FArchive& out, int midiFileType) const
+{
+    check(midiFileType >= 0 && midiFileType <= 2);
+
+    int MThd = FByteOrder::bigEndianInt("MThd");
+    int m = 6;
+    short format = (short)midiFileType;
+    short numTracks = (short)tracks.Num();
+    short tempTimeFormat = timeFormat;
+    
+    out << MThd;
+    out << m;
+    out << format;
+    out << numTracks;
+    out << tempTimeFormat;
+
+    for (auto* ms : tracks)
+        if (!writeTrack(out, *ms))
+            return false;
+
+    out.Flush();
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool FMidiFile::writeTrack (FArchive& mainOut, const FMidiMessageSequence& ms) const
+{
+    TArray<uint8> out;
+
+    int lastTick = 0;
+    uint8 lastStatusByte = 0;
+    bool endOfTrackEventWritten = false;
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < ms.getNumEvents(); ++i)
+    {
+        auto& mm = ms.getEventPointer(i)->message;
+
+        if (mm.isEndOfTrackMetaEvent())
+            endOfTrackEventWritten = true;
+
+        auto tick = RoundToInt(mm.getTimeStamp());
+        auto delta = FMath::Max(0, tick - lastTick);
+        MidiFileHelpers::writeVariableLengthInt(out, (uint32) delta);
+        lastTick = tick;
+
+        auto* data = mm.getRawData();
+        auto dataSize = mm.getRawDataSize();
+        auto statusByte = data[0];
+
+        if (statusByte == lastStatusByte
+             && (statusByte & 0xf0) != 0xf0
+             && dataSize > 1
+             && i > 0)
+        {
+            ++data;
+            --dataSize;
+        }
+        else if (statusByte == 0xf0)  // Write sysex message with length bytes.
+        {
+            out.Add((char)statusByte);
+
+            ++data;
+            --dataSize;
+
+            MidiFileHelpers::writeVariableLengthInt (out, (uint32) dataSize);
+        }
+
+        out.Append(data, (size_t)dataSize);
+        lastStatusByte = statusByte;
+    }
+
+    if (! endOfTrackEventWritten)
+    {
+        out.Add(0); // (tick delta)
+        auto m = FMidiMessage::endOfTrack();
+        out.Append(m.getRawData(), (size_t)m.getRawDataSize());
+    }
+    int MTrk = FByteOrder::bigEndianInt("MTrk");
+    
+    mainOut << MTrk;
+    mainOut.Serialize(out.GetData(), out.Num());
+
+    return true;
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MifiFile.h b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MifiFile.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..15f3e25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/MifiFile.h
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+#pragma once
+
+class FMidiMessageSequence;
+//==============================================================================
+/**
+    Reads/writes standard midi format files.
+
+    To read a midi file, create a MidiFile object and call its readFrom() method. You
+    can then get the individual midi tracks from it using the getTrack() method.
+
+    To write a file, create a MidiFile object, add some MidiMessageSequence objects
+    to it using the addTrack() method, and then call its writeTo() method to stream
+    it out.
+
+    @see MidiMessageSequence
+
+    @tags{Audio}
+*/
+class FMidiFile
+{
+public:
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Creates an empty MidiFile object. */
+    FMidiFile();
+
+    /** Creates a copy of another MidiFile. */
+    FMidiFile (const FMidiFile&);
+
+    /** Copies from another MidiFile object */
+    FMidiFile& operator= (const FMidiFile&);
+
+    /** Creates a copy of another MidiFile. */
+    FMidiFile (FMidiFile&&);
+
+    /** Copies from another MidiFile object */
+    FMidiFile& operator= (FMidiFile&&);
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Returns the number of tracks in the file.
+        @see getTrack, addTrack
+    */
+    int getNumTracks() const noexcept;
+
+    /** Returns a pointer to one of the tracks in the file.
+        @returns a pointer to the track, or nullptr if the index is out-of-range
+        @see getNumTracks, addTrack
+    */
+    const FMidiMessageSequence* getTrack (int index) const noexcept;
+
+    /** Adds a midi track to the file.
+        This will make its own internal copy of the sequence that is passed-in.
+        @see getNumTracks, getTrack
+    */
+    void addTrack (const FMidiMessageSequence& trackSequence);
+
+    /** Removes all midi tracks from the file.
+        @see getNumTracks
+    */
+    void clear();
+
+    /** Returns the raw time format code that will be written to a stream.
+
+        After reading a midi file, this method will return the time-format that
+        was read from the file's header. It can be changed using the setTicksPerQuarterNote()
+        or setSmpteTimeFormat() methods.
+
+        If the value returned is positive, it indicates the number of midi ticks
+        per quarter-note - see setTicksPerQuarterNote().
+
+        It it's negative, the upper byte indicates the frames-per-second (but negative), and
+        the lower byte is the number of ticks per frame - see setSmpteTimeFormat().
+    */
+    short getTimeFormat() const noexcept;
+
+    /** Sets the time format to use when this file is written to a stream.
+
+        If this is called, the file will be written as bars/beats using the
+        specified resolution, rather than SMPTE absolute times, as would be
+        used if setSmpteTimeFormat() had been called instead.
+
+        @param ticksPerQuarterNote  e.g. 96, 960
+        @see setSmpteTimeFormat
+    */
+    void setTicksPerQuarterNote (int ticksPerQuarterNote) noexcept;
+
+    /** Sets the time format to use when this file is written to a stream.
+
+        If this is called, the file will be written using absolute times, rather
+        than bars/beats as would be the case if setTicksPerBeat() had been called
+        instead.
+
+        @param framesPerSecond      must be 24, 25, 29 or 30
+        @param subframeResolution   the sub-second resolution, e.g. 4 (midi time code),
+                                    8, 10, 80 (SMPTE bit resolution), or 100. For millisecond
+                                    timing, setSmpteTimeFormat (25, 40)
+        @see setTicksPerBeat
+    */
+    void setSmpteTimeFormat (int framesPerSecond,
+                             int subframeResolution) noexcept;
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Makes a list of all the tempo-change meta-events from all tracks in the midi file.
+        Useful for finding the positions of all the tempo changes in a file.
+        @param tempoChangeEvents    a list to which all the events will be added
+    */
+    void findAllTempoEvents (FMidiMessageSequence& tempoChangeEvents) const;
+
+    /** Makes a list of all the time-signature meta-events from all tracks in the midi file.
+        Useful for finding the positions of all the tempo changes in a file.
+        @param timeSigEvents        a list to which all the events will be added
+    */
+    void findAllTimeSigEvents (FMidiMessageSequence& timeSigEvents) const;
+
+    /** Makes a list of all the key-signature meta-events from all tracks in the midi file.
+        @param keySigEvents         a list to which all the events will be added
+    */
+    void findAllKeySigEvents (FMidiMessageSequence& keySigEvents) const;
+
+    /** Returns the latest timestamp in any of the tracks.
+        (Useful for finding the length of the file).
+    */
+    double getLastTimestamp() const;
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    /** Reads a midi file format stream.
+
+        After calling this, you can get the tracks that were read from the file by using the
+        getNumTracks() and getTrack() methods.
+
+        The timestamps of the midi events in the tracks will represent their positions in
+        terms of midi ticks. To convert them to seconds, use the convertTimestampTicksToSeconds()
+        method.
+
+        @param sourceStream              the source stream
+        @param createMatchingNoteOffs    if true, any missing note-offs for previous note-ons will
+                                         be automatically added at the end of the file by calling
+                                         MidiMessageSequence::updateMatchedPairs on each track.
+        @param midiFileType              if not nullptr, the integer at this address will be set
+                                         to 0, 1, or 2 depending on the type of the midi file
+
+        @returns true if the stream was read successfully
+    */
+    bool readFrom (FString FilePathName,
+                   bool createMatchingNoteOffs = true,
+                   int* midiFileType = nullptr);
+
+    /** Writes the midi tracks as a standard midi file.
+        The midiFileType value is written as the file's format type, which can be 0, 1
+        or 2 - see the midi file spec for more info about that.
+
+        @param destStream        the destination stream
+        @param midiFileType      the type of midi file
+
+        @returns true if the operation succeeded.
+    */
+    bool writeTo (FArchive& destStream, int midiFileType = 1) const;
+
+    /** Converts the timestamp of all the midi events from midi ticks to seconds.
+
+        This will use the midi time format and tempo/time signature info in the
+        tracks to convert all the timestamps to absolute values in seconds.
+    */
+    void convertTimestampTicksToSeconds();
+
+private:
+    //==============================================================================
+    TArray<FMidiMessageSequence*> tracks;
+    short timeFormat;
+
+    void readNextTrack (const uint8*, int, bool);
+    bool writeTrack (FArchive&, const FMidiMessageSequence&) const;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Midi/Time/TimePos.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/Time/TimePos.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3527967
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/Time/TimePos.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#include "TimePos.h"
+
+#include "Singleton/PortAudioAPI.h"
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+
+AudioFrame::AudioFrame(const MidiTick& InMidiTicks): Pos(InMidiTicks.Frames())
+{
+	
+}
+
+void AudioFrame::SetTick(MidiTick InMidiTicks)
+{
+	Pos = InMidiTicks * FMidiSequencer::FramesPerTick();
+}
+
+MidiTick AudioFrame::Ticks() const
+{
+	MidiTick Out;
+	Out.Ticks = Pos / FMidiSequencer::FramesPerTick(); 
+	return Out;
+}
+
+double AudioFrame::Milliseconds() const
+{
+	return FrameToMilliseconds(Pos);
+}
+
+AudioFrame AudioFrame::FromFrames(double InFrames, float InFramesPerTick)
+{
+	AudioFrame Out;
+	Out.Pos = InFrames / InFramesPerTick; 
+	return Out;
+}
+
+double AudioFrame::FrameToMilliseconds(double InSample)
+{
+	return InSample / FPortAudioAPI::Get().SampleRate * 1000.0;
+}
+
+AudioFrame MidiTick::Frames() const
+{
+	AudioFrame Out;
+	Out.Pos = Ticks * FMidiSequencer::FramesPerTick(); 
+	return Out;
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Midi/Time/TimePos.h b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/Time/TimePos.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0554705
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/Time/TimePos.h
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "Midi/MidiType.h"
+
+class MidiTick;
+
+class AudioFrame
+{
+public:
+	AudioFrame() : Pos(0) {}
+	AudioFrame(const double InFrame) : Pos(InFrame) {}
+	AudioFrame(const MidiTick& InMidiTicks);
+
+	AudioFrame operator=(const double& InPos) { Pos = InPos; return *this; }
+	AudioFrame operator+(const double& InFrame) const { return Pos + InFrame; }
+	AudioFrame operator-(const double& InFrame) const { return Pos - InFrame; }
+	AudioFrame operator*(const double& InFrame) const { return Pos * InFrame; }
+	AudioFrame operator/(const double& InFrame) const { return Pos / InFrame; }
+	AudioFrame& operator+=(const double& InFrame) { Pos += InFrame; return *this; }
+	AudioFrame& operator-=(const double& InFrame) { Pos -= InFrame; return *this; }
+
+	bool operator==(const AudioFrame& InFrame) const { return Pos == InFrame.Pos; }
+	bool operator!=(const AudioFrame& InFrame) const { return Pos != InFrame.Pos; }
+	bool operator<(const AudioFrame& InFrame) const { return Pos < InFrame.Pos; }
+	bool operator>(const AudioFrame& InFrame) const { return Pos > InFrame.Pos; }
+	bool operator<=(const AudioFrame& InFrame) const { return Pos <= InFrame.Pos; }
+	bool operator>=(const AudioFrame& InFrame) const { return Pos >= InFrame.Pos; }
+	
+	operator double() const { return Pos; }
+	
+	void SetTick(MidiTick InMidiTicks);
+	MidiTick Ticks() const;
+	
+	double Milliseconds() const;
+
+	static AudioFrame FromFrames(double InFrames, float InFramesPerTick);
+	static double FrameToMilliseconds(double InFrame);
+
+	double Pos;
+};
+
+class MidiTick
+{
+public:
+	MidiTick() : Ticks(0) {}
+	MidiTick(const int64 InMidiTick) : Ticks(InMidiTick) {}
+	MidiTick(const AudioFrame& InFrame) : Ticks(InFrame.Ticks()) {}
+	
+	MidiTick operator=(const int64& InTicks) { Ticks = InTicks; return *this; }
+	MidiTick operator+(const int64& InTicks) const { return Ticks + InTicks; }
+	MidiTick operator-(const int64& InTicks) const { return Ticks - InTicks; }
+
+	operator int64() const { return Ticks; }
+	AudioFrame Frames() const;
+	int64 Ticks;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Midi/Time/TimeSig.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/Time/TimeSig.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..86e969b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/Time/TimeSig.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#include "TimeSig.h"
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Midi/Time/TimeSig.h b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/Time/TimeSig.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..98ab5a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/Time/TimeSig.h
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+
+class FTimeSig
+{
+public:
+	FTimeSig(int32 Numerator, int32 Denominator)
+		: Numerator(Numerator)
+		, Denominator(Denominator)
+	{
+	}
+	int32 GetNumerator() const
+	{
+		return Numerator;
+	}
+	int32 GetDenominator() const
+	{
+		return Denominator;
+	}
+private:
+	int32 Numerator;
+	int32 Denominator;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Midi/VSTEventList.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/VSTEventList.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e8ced6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/VSTEventList.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#include "VSTEventList.h"
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Midi/VSTEventList.h b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/VSTEventList.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d5de80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Midi/VSTEventList.h
@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "MidiBuffer.h"
+#include "HeapBlock.h"
+#include "pluginterfaces/vst2.x/aeffectx.h"
+
+//==============================================================================
+/** Holds a set of VSTMidiEvent objects and makes it easy to add
+    events to the list.
+
+    This is used by both the VST hosting code and the plugin wrapper.
+
+    @tags{Audio}
+*/
+class VSTMidiEventList
+{
+    // "events" is expected to be a const- or non-const-ref to VstEvents.
+    template <typename Events>
+    static auto& getEvent (Events& events, int index)
+    {
+        using EventType = decltype (&*events.events);
+
+        // We static cast rather than using a direct array index here to circumvent
+        // UB sanitizer's bounds-checks. The original struct is supposed to contain
+        // a variable-length array, but the declaration uses a size of "2" for this
+        // member.
+        return static_cast<EventType> (events.events)[index];
+    }
+
+    VstEvent* const& getEvent (int index) const { return getEvent (*events, index); }
+    VstEvent*      & getEvent (int index)       { return getEvent (*events, index); }
+
+public:
+    //==============================================================================
+    VSTMidiEventList()
+        : numEventsUsed (0), numEventsAllocated (0)
+    {
+    }
+
+    ~VSTMidiEventList()
+    {
+        freeEvents();
+    }
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    void clear()
+    {
+        numEventsUsed = 0;
+
+        if (events != nullptr)
+            events->numEvents = 0;
+    }
+
+    void addEvent (const void* const midiData, int numBytes, int frameOffset)
+    {
+        ensureSize (numEventsUsed + 1);
+
+        void* const ptr = getEvent (numEventsUsed);
+        events->numEvents = ++numEventsUsed;
+
+        if (numBytes <= 4)
+        {
+            auto* const e = static_cast<VstMidiEvent*> (ptr);
+
+            if (e->type == kVstSysExType)
+            {
+                delete[] reinterpret_cast<VstMidiSysexEvent*> (e)->sysexDump;
+                e->type = kVstMidiType;
+                e->byteSize = sizeof (VstMidiEvent);
+                e->noteLength = 0;
+                e->noteOffset = 0;
+                e->detune = 0;
+                e->noteOffVelocity = 0;
+            }
+
+            e->deltaFrames = frameOffset;
+            memcpy (e->midiData, midiData, (size_t) numBytes);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            auto* const se = static_cast<VstMidiSysexEvent*> (ptr);
+
+            if (se->type == kVstSysExType)
+                delete[] se->sysexDump;
+
+            se->sysexDump = new char [(size_t) numBytes];
+            memcpy (se->sysexDump, midiData, (size_t) numBytes);
+
+            se->type = kVstSysExType;
+            se->byteSize = sizeof (VstMidiSysexEvent);
+            se->deltaFrames = frameOffset;
+            se->flags = 0;
+            se->dumpBytes = numBytes;
+            se->resvd1 = 0;
+            se->resvd2 = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    // Handy method to pull the events out of an event buffer supplied by the host
+    // or plugin.
+    static void addEventsToMidiBuffer (const VstEvents* events, FMidiBuffer& dest)
+    {
+        for (int i = 0; i < events->numEvents; ++i)
+        {
+            const auto* const e = getEvent (*events, i);
+
+            if (e != nullptr)
+            {
+                const void* const ptr = e;
+
+                if (e->type == kVstMidiType)
+                {
+                    dest.addEvent ((const uint8*) static_cast<const VstMidiEvent*> (ptr)->midiData,
+                                   4, e->deltaFrames);
+                }
+                else if (e->type == kVstSysExType)
+                {
+                    const auto* se = static_cast<const VstMidiSysexEvent*> (ptr);
+                    dest.addEvent ((const uint8*) se->sysexDump,
+                                   (int) se->dumpBytes,
+                                   e->deltaFrames);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    void ensureSize (int numEventsNeeded)
+    {
+        if (numEventsNeeded > numEventsAllocated)
+        {
+            numEventsNeeded = (numEventsNeeded + 32) & ~31;
+
+            const size_t size = 20 + (size_t) numEventsNeeded * sizeof (VstEvent*);
+
+            if (events == nullptr)
+                events.calloc (size, 1);
+            else
+                events.realloc (size, 1);
+
+            for (int i = numEventsAllocated; i < numEventsNeeded; ++i)
+                getEvent (i) = allocateVSTEvent();
+
+            numEventsAllocated = numEventsNeeded;
+        }
+    }
+
+    void freeEvents()
+    {
+        if (events != nullptr)
+        {
+            for (int i = numEventsAllocated; --i >= 0;)
+                freeVSTEvent(getEvent (i));
+
+            events.free();
+            numEventsUsed = 0;
+            numEventsAllocated = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    //==============================================================================
+    HeapBlock<VstEvents> events;
+
+private:
+    int numEventsUsed, numEventsAllocated;
+
+    static VstEvent* allocateVSTEvent()
+    {
+        constexpr auto size = FMath::Max(sizeof(VstMidiEvent), sizeof(VstMidiSysexEvent));
+
+        if (auto* e = static_cast<VstEvent*> (std::calloc (1, size)))
+        {
+            e->type = kVstMidiType;
+            e->byteSize = sizeof (VstMidiEvent);
+            return e;
+        }
+
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    static void freeVSTEvent (VstEvent* e)
+    {
+        if (e->type == kVstSysExType)
+        {
+            delete[] (reinterpret_cast<VstMidiSysexEvent*> (e)->sysexDump);
+        }
+
+        std::free (e);
+    }
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Misc/AronaConfig.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Misc/AronaConfig.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3cc41cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Misc/AronaConfig.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#include "AronaConfig.h"
+
+void FAronaConfig::Init()
+{
+	FString FilePath = FPaths::ProjectConfigDir() / TEXT("AronaSettings.ini");
+	Config.Read(FilePath);
+}
+
+void FAronaConfig::Release()
+{
+	
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Misc/AronaConfig.h b/Source/AronaCore/Misc/AronaConfig.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4494fdf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Misc/AronaConfig.h
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "ConfigCacheIni.h"
+#include "Singleton/Singleton.h"
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "DefaultValueHelper.h"
+
+#define ARONA_CONFIG_GET_VALUE_FUNC(Type, Func) \
+	template<> \
+	inline bool FAronaConfig::GetValue(const FString& Section, const FString& Key, Type& Out) \
+	{ \
+		return Get().Config.Func(*Section, *Key, Out); \
+	}
+
+#define ARONA_CONFIG_PARSE_STRING_FUNC(Type, Func) \
+	template<> \
+	inline bool FAronaConfig::ParseString(const FString& String, Type& Out) \
+	{ \
+		return FDefaultValueHelper::Func(String, Out); \
+	}
+
+class FAronaConfig : public TSingleton<FAronaConfig>
+{
+public:
+	virtual void Init() override;
+	virtual void Release() override;
+
+	template<typename T>
+	static bool GetValue(const FString& Section, const FString& Key, T& Out);
+
+	template<typename T>
+	static bool ParseString(const FString& String, T& Out);
+	
+	template<typename T>
+	static int32 GetValueArray(const FString& Section, const FString& Key, TArray<T>& Out)
+	{
+		TArray<FString> Temp;
+		const int32 Count = Get().Config.GetArray(*Section, *Key, Temp);
+		for (FString String : Temp)
+		{
+			T Value;
+			if (ParseString(String, Value))
+			{
+				Out.Add(Value);
+			}
+		}
+		return Count;
+	}
+	
+	FConfigFile Config;
+};
+
+ARONA_CONFIG_GET_VALUE_FUNC(FString, GetString);
+ARONA_CONFIG_GET_VALUE_FUNC(FText, GetText);
+ARONA_CONFIG_GET_VALUE_FUNC(int32, GetInt);
+ARONA_CONFIG_GET_VALUE_FUNC(float, GetFloat);
+ARONA_CONFIG_GET_VALUE_FUNC(double, GetDouble);
+ARONA_CONFIG_GET_VALUE_FUNC(int64, GetInt64);
+ARONA_CONFIG_GET_VALUE_FUNC(bool, GetBool);
+
+ARONA_CONFIG_PARSE_STRING_FUNC(int32, ParseInt);
+ARONA_CONFIG_PARSE_STRING_FUNC(int64, ParseInt64);
+ARONA_CONFIG_PARSE_STRING_FUNC(float, ParseFloat);
+ARONA_CONFIG_PARSE_STRING_FUNC(double, ParseDouble);
+ARONA_CONFIG_PARSE_STRING_FUNC(FVector3f, ParseVector);
+ARONA_CONFIG_PARSE_STRING_FUNC(FVector3d, ParseVector);
+ARONA_CONFIG_PARSE_STRING_FUNC(FVector2f, ParseVector2D);
+ARONA_CONFIG_PARSE_STRING_FUNC(FVector2d, ParseVector2D);
+ARONA_CONFIG_PARSE_STRING_FUNC(FVector4f, ParseVector4);
+ARONA_CONFIG_PARSE_STRING_FUNC(FVector4d, ParseVector4);
+ARONA_CONFIG_PARSE_STRING_FUNC(FRotator3f, ParseRotator);
+ARONA_CONFIG_PARSE_STRING_FUNC(FRotator3d, ParseRotator);
+ARONA_CONFIG_PARSE_STRING_FUNC(FLinearColor, ParseLinearColor);
+ARONA_CONFIG_PARSE_STRING_FUNC(FColor, ParseColor);
+
+#undef ARONA_CONFIG_PARSE_STRING_FUNC
+#undef ARONA_CONFIG_GET_VALUE_FUNC
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Misc/CallRateLimiter.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Misc/CallRateLimiter.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7b9abb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Misc/CallRateLimiter.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#include "CallRateLimiter.h"
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Misc/CallRateLimiter.h b/Source/AronaCore/Misc/CallRateLimiter.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a9bb74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Misc/CallRateLimiter.h
@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <functional>
+
+#include "App.h"
+#include "Singleton/CallRateLimiterManager.h"
+#include "HAL/PlatformTime.h"
+
+class FCallRateLimiter
+{
+public:
+	FCallRateLimiter()
+	{
+		CallRate = 0.1f;
+	}
+	
+	FCallRateLimiter(float InCallRate, FSimpleDelegate InFuncDelegate)
+		: CallRate(InCallRate)
+		, FuncDelegate(InFuncDelegate)
+	{
+	}
+
+	void Call()
+	{
+		const double Now = FPlatformTime::Seconds();
+		if (Now - LastCallTime > CallRate)
+		{
+			LastCallTime = Now;
+			FuncDelegate.ExecuteIfBound();
+		}
+	}
+
+	void SetCallRate(float InCallRate)
+	{
+		CallRate = InCallRate;
+	}
+
+	FSimpleDelegate& GetFuncDelegate()
+	{
+		return FuncDelegate;
+	}
+private:
+	float CallRate;
+	FSimpleDelegate FuncDelegate;
+	double LastCallTime = 0;
+};
+
+// 如果在执行过程中，又调用了Call，那么会在执行完毕后，立即执行一次的版本
+class FDelayCaller
+{
+public:
+	FDelayCaller(): Timer(0)
+	{
+		CallRate = 0.1f;
+	}
+
+	FDelayCaller(float InCallRate, FSimpleDelegate InFuncDelegate)
+		: CallRate(InCallRate)
+		, FuncDelegate(InFuncDelegate)
+		, Timer(0)
+	{
+	}
+
+	~FDelayCaller()
+	{
+	}
+
+	void Tick(float DeltaTime)
+	{
+		if (CallCount == 0)
+			return;
+		
+		Timer -= DeltaTime;
+		if (Timer > 0)
+			return;
+
+		if (Pause)
+			return;
+		
+		Timer = 0;
+		FuncDelegate.ExecuteIfBound();
+		if (CallCount > 0)
+		{
+			Timer = CallRate;
+			CallCount = 0;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	void Call()
+	{
+		++CallCount;
+		Timer = CallRate;
+	}
+
+	void ConstCall() const
+	{
+		++CallCount;
+		Timer = CallRate;
+	}
+
+	void SetPause(bool InPause)
+	{
+		Pause = InPause;
+	}
+
+	void SetCallRate(float InCallRate)
+	{
+		CallRate = InCallRate;
+	}
+
+	FSimpleDelegate& GetFuncDelegate()
+	{
+		return FuncDelegate;
+	}
+private:
+	float CallRate;
+	FSimpleDelegate FuncDelegate;
+	double LastCallTime = 0;
+	mutable float Timer;
+	mutable std::atomic<int32> CallCount = 0;
+	std::atomic<bool> Pause = false;
+};
+
+class FCallLimiter
+{
+public:
+	template <typename F, typename... A>
+	FCallLimiter(F&& task, A&&... args)
+	{
+		Func = std::bind(std::forward<F>(task), std::forward<A>(args)...);
+	}
+
+	void SetInterval(float interval)
+	{
+		Interval = interval;
+	}
+    
+	void Update()
+	{
+		const double CurrentTime = FApp::GetCurrentTime();
+		if (NeedCall && CurrentTime - LastCall > Interval)
+		{
+			Func();
+			LastCall = CurrentTime;
+			NeedCall = false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	void Call()
+	{
+		NeedCall = true;
+	}
+
+	void Call() const
+	{
+		NeedCall = true;
+	}
+private:
+	TFunction<void()> Func;
+	mutable bool NeedCall = false;
+	float Interval = 0.0f;
+	double LastCall = 0.0f;
+};
+
+class FCallOnce
+{
+public:
+	template <typename F, typename... A>
+	FCallOnce(F&& task, A&&... args)
+	{
+		Processing = false;
+		NeedCall = false;
+		Func = std::bind(std::forward<F>(task), std::forward<A>(args)...);
+		FCallRateLimiterManager::Get().Add(this);
+	}
+    
+	void Call()
+	{
+		NeedCall = true;
+	}
+
+	void Call() const
+	{
+		NeedCall = true;
+	}
+
+	void Reset()
+	{
+		Processing = false;
+	}
+
+	void Update()
+	{
+		if (NeedCall && !Processing)
+		{
+			Processing = true;
+			NeedCall = false;
+			Func();
+			if (Callback)
+			{
+				Callback();
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	std::function<void()> Callback;
+private:
+	std::function<void()> Func;
+	std::atomic_bool Processing;
+	mutable std::atomic_bool NeedCall;
+};
+
+
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Mixer/MixerTrack.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Mixer/MixerTrack.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c0b8d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Mixer/MixerTrack.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+#include "MixerTrack.h"
+
+#include "Singleton/MixerList.h"
+#include "Singleton/PortAudioAPI.h"
+#include "Singleton/PluginHostList.h"
+#include "RemoveIf.h"
+#include "Thread/MainThreadEventList.h"
+#include "PluginHost/PluginHost.h"
+#include "Thread/ThreadMessage.h"
+
+DEFINE_LOG_CATEGORY(LogMixerTrack);
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FMainThreadEventList, BroadcastAddEffectToTrack,
+	FMixerTrack* Track;
+	FPluginHost* Effect;
+	)
+{
+	FMixerList::Get().OnMixerTrackEffectAdded.Broadcast(Args.Track, Args.Effect);
+}
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FMainThreadEventList, BroadcastRemoveEffectFromTrack,
+FMixerTrack* Track;
+FPluginHost* Effect;
+)
+{
+	FMixerList::Get().OnMixerTrackEffectRemoved.Broadcast(Args.Track, Args.Effect);
+}
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FPortAudioAPI, AddEffectToTrack,
+FMixerTrack* Track;
+FPluginHost* Effect;
+)
+{
+	Args.Effect->ChannelInterface->SetInputChannel(Args.Track->ChannelInterface->OutputChannelNodes);
+	Args.Effect->ChannelInterface->SetOutputChannel(Args.Track->ChannelInterface->OutputChannelNodes);
+	Args.Track->AddEffectInternal(Args.Effect);
+}
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FPortAudioAPI, RemoveEffectFromTrack,
+FMixerTrack* Track;
+FPluginHost* Effect;
+)
+{
+	Args.Track->Effects.RemoveSingle(Args.Effect);
+	PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(BroadcastRemoveEffectFromTrack, Args.Track, Args.Effect);
+	// Args.Effect->Delete();
+}
+
+FMixerTrack::~FMixerTrack()
+{
+	for (auto Effect : Effects)
+	{
+		FMixerList::Get().OnMixerTrackEffectRemoved.Broadcast(this, Effect);
+		FPluginHostList::Get().RemoveSingle(Effect);
+		delete Effect;
+	}
+	delete ChannelInterface;
+}
+
+void FMixerTrack::Init()
+{
+	const int32 OutputChannelCount = FPortAudioAPI::Get().GetOutputChannelCount();
+	Buffer.Resize(OutputChannelCount, FPortAudioAPI::Get().BlockSize);
+
+	ChannelInterface = new FMixerChannelInterface(this);
+}
+
+void FMixerTrack::AddEffect(FPluginHost* Effect)
+{
+	Effect->OwnerTracks.Add(this);
+	PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(AddEffectToTrack, this, Effect);
+}
+
+void FMixerTrack::RemoveEffect(FPluginHost* Effect)
+{
+	PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(RemoveEffectFromTrack, this, Effect);
+}
+
+void FMixerTrack::RemoveChild(FMixerTrack* Child)
+{
+	const int32 NewSize = Algo::RemoveIf(Children, [&](FMixerTrackLink& Link) { return Link.Track == Child; });
+	Children.SetNum(NewSize);
+}
+
+void FMixerTrack::Process(int32 NumSamples)
+{
+	for (FPluginHost* Effect : Effects)
+		Effect->Process(NumSamples);
+
+	Buffer.Multiple(Gain);
+	// Buffer.CalculatePeak();
+}
+
+void FMixerTrack::AddEffectInternal(FPluginHost* Effect)
+{
+	Effects.Add(Effect);
+	PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(BroadcastAddEffectToTrack, this, Effect);
+}
+
+FDummyMixerTrack::~FDummyMixerTrack()
+{
+	UE_LOG(LogMixerTrack, Log, TEXT("FDummyMixerTrack Destruyed: %s"), *GetName());
+}
+
+FInstrumentMixerTrack::~FInstrumentMixerTrack()
+{
+	Host = nullptr;
+	UE_LOG(LogMixerTrack, Log, TEXT("FInstrumentMixerTrack Destruyed: %s"), *GetName());
+}
+
+void FInstrumentMixerTrack::Rename(FString InStr)
+{
+	if (Host)
+		Host->Name = *InStr;
+}
+
+FString FInstrumentMixerTrack::GetName() const
+{
+	if (Host)
+		return Host->Name;
+	return "";
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Mixer/MixerTrack.h b/Source/AronaCore/Mixer/MixerTrack.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d910993
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Mixer/MixerTrack.h
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "AudioBuffer/AudioBuffer.h"
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+
+class FMixerChannelNode;
+class FMixerTrack;
+class FPluginHost;
+
+DECLARE_LOG_CATEGORY_EXTERN(LogMixerTrack, Log, All);
+
+enum class EMixerTrackType
+{
+	Null,
+	Dummy,
+	Instrument,
+};
+
+struct FMixerTrackLink
+{
+	FMixerTrack* Track;
+	float Gain;
+	FMixerTrackLink() : Track(nullptr), Gain(1.f) {}
+	FMixerTrackLink(const FMixerTrackLink& Other) : Track(Other.Track), Gain(Other.Gain) {}
+	FMixerTrackLink(FMixerTrackLink&& Other) noexcept : Track(Other.Track), Gain(Other.Gain) { Other.Track = nullptr; }
+	FMixerTrackLink& operator=(const FMixerTrackLink& Other) { Track = Other.Track; Gain = Other.Gain; return *this; }
+};
+
+class FMixerTrack
+{
+	friend class FThreadMessage_AddEffectToTrack;
+public:
+	virtual ~FMixerTrack();
+	void Init(); 
+	void AddEffect(FPluginHost* Effect);
+	void RemoveEffect(FPluginHost* Effect);
+	void RemoveChild(FMixerTrack* Child);
+	
+	float** GetBufferHeaders() { return Buffer.GetHeaders(); }
+
+	void Process(int32 NumSamples);
+
+	virtual void Rename(FString InStr) {}
+	virtual FString GetName() const { return ""; }
+
+	float GetPeak(int32 Channel) { return Buffer.GetPeak(Channel) * Gain; }
+
+	FChannelInterface const* GetChannelInterface() const { return ChannelInterface; }
+	
+	std::atomic<float> Gain = 1.f; // dB
+	FAudioBuffer Buffer;
+	TArray<FPluginHost*> Effects;
+	TArray<FMixerTrackLink> Children;
+	EMixerTrackType Type;
+private:
+	void AddEffectInternal(FPluginHost* Effect);
+
+	FChannelInterface* ChannelInterface;
+};
+
+class FDummyMixerTrack : public FMixerTrack
+{
+public:
+	FDummyMixerTrack()
+	{
+		Type = EMixerTrackType::Dummy;
+	}
+	virtual ~FDummyMixerTrack() override;
+	virtual void Rename(FString InStr) override { Name = InStr; }
+	virtual FString GetName() const override { return Name; }
+private:
+	FString Name;
+};
+
+class FInstrumentMixerTrack : public FMixerTrack
+{
+public:
+	FInstrumentMixerTrack(FPluginHost* InHost) : Host(InHost)
+	{
+		Type = EMixerTrackType::Instrument;
+	}
+	virtual ~FInstrumentMixerTrack() override;
+	
+	virtual void Rename(FString InStr) override;
+	virtual FString GetName() const override;
+
+	FPluginHost* GetHost() const { return Host; }
+private:
+	FPluginHost* Host;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/MidiPattern.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/MidiPattern.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d5704f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/MidiPattern.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+#include "MidiPattern.h"
+
+#include "Thread/MainThreadEventList.h"
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+#include "Singleton/PluginHostList.h"
+#include "PluginHost/PluginHost.h"
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FMainThreadEventList, MidiPatternTrigger,
+FMidiPattern* Pattern;
+FPluginHost* PluginHost;
+FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* Message;
+)
+{
+	Args.Pattern->OnTrigger.Broadcast(Args.PluginHost, Args.Message);
+}
+
+FMidiPattern::FMidiPattern() : FPattern()
+{
+	Type = EPatternType::Midi;
+	FPluginHostList::Get().OnPluginHostRemoved.AddRaw(this, &FMidiPattern::DeleteSequence);
+}
+
+FMidiPattern::~FMidiPattern()
+{
+	FPluginHostList::Get().OnPluginHostRemoved.RemoveAll(this);
+}
+
+void FMidiPattern::Process(AudioFrame PatternPos, uint32 InLength)
+{
+	UE::TScopeLock SpinLock(SequenceLock);
+	AudioFrame PatternEndFrame = PatternPos + (double)InLength;
+	const MidiTick PatternEndPos = PatternEndFrame.Ticks();
+	const MidiTick PatternBeginPos = PatternPos.Ticks();
+
+	for (auto& Seq : Sequence)
+	{
+		FPluginHost* PluginHost = Seq.Key;
+		FMidiMessageSequence& MidiSequence = Seq.Value;
+		
+		for (FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder* Event : MidiSequence)
+		{
+			const double EventPos = Event->message.getTimeStamp();
+			if (EventPos < PatternBeginPos)
+				continue;
+			if (EventPos >= PatternEndPos)
+				break;
+			
+			const double BufferTick = MidiTick(EventPos - PatternBeginPos).Frames(); // 从缓冲区开始的tick
+
+			FMidiMessage Copy = Event->message;
+			Copy.setTimeStamp(BufferTick);
+			PluginHost->IncomingMidi.addEvent(Copy);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+AudioFrame FMidiPattern::GetLength()
+{
+	MidiTick TempLength = 0;
+	for (auto Seq : Sequence)
+	{
+		if (const double EndTime = Seq.Value.getEndTime(); EndTime > TempLength)
+			TempLength = EndTime;
+	}
+	return TempLength.Frames();
+}
+
+void FMidiPattern::Reset()
+{
+	for (const auto& Tuple : Sequence)
+	{
+		FPluginHost* PluginHost = Tuple.Key;
+		PluginHost->IncomingMidi.clear();
+		PluginHost->IncomingMidi.addEvent(FMidiMessage::allNotesOff(1));
+	}
+}
+
+FMidiMessageSequence& FMidiPattern::GetSequence(FPluginHost* PluginHost)
+{
+	check(PluginHost);
+	// 自旋锁
+	UE::TScopeLock<FCriticalSection> Lock(SequenceLock);
+	
+	FMidiMessageSequence& Out = Sequence.FindOrAdd(PluginHost);
+	SequenceToPluginHost.Add(&Out, PluginHost);
+	Out.pattern = this;
+	return Out;
+}
+
+FPluginHost* FMidiPattern::GetPluginHost(FMidiMessageSequence* InSequence)
+{
+	UE::TScopeLock<FCriticalSection> Lock(SequenceLock);
+	return SequenceToPluginHost.FindRef(InSequence);
+}
+
+void FMidiPattern::DeleteSequence(FPluginHost* PluginHost)
+{
+	UE::TScopeLock<FCriticalSection> Lock(SequenceLock);
+	if (FMidiMessageSequence* FindSequence = Sequence.Find(PluginHost))
+	{
+		SequenceToPluginHost.Remove(FindSequence);
+		Sequence.Remove(PluginHost);
+	}
+	Sequence.Remove(PluginHost);
+}
+
+void FMidiPattern::NotifyOnChanged(FMidiMessageSequence* InSequence)
+{
+	for (auto& Seq : Sequence)
+	{
+		if (&Seq.Value == InSequence)
+		{
+			OnChanged.Broadcast(Seq.Key, InSequence);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void FMidiPattern::NotifyOnChanged_MainThread(FMidiMessageSequence* InSequence)
+{
+	for (auto& Seq : Sequence)
+	{
+		if (&Seq.Value == InSequence)
+		{
+			OnChanged_MainThread.Broadcast(Seq.Key, InSequence);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void FMidiPattern::NotifyOnChanged(FPluginHost* PluginHost)
+{
+	if (FMidiMessageSequence* FindSequence = Sequence.Find(PluginHost))
+	{
+		OnChanged.Broadcast(PluginHost, FindSequence);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/MidiPattern.h b/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/MidiPattern.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8e8df2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/MidiPattern.h
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "Midi/MidiMessageSequence.h"
+#include "Pattern.h"
+
+class FPluginHost;
+
+DECLARE_MULTICAST_DELEGATE_TwoParams(FOnMidiPatternChanged, FPluginHost*, FMidiMessageSequence*)
+DECLARE_MULTICAST_DELEGATE_TwoParams(FOnMidiPatternTrigger, FPluginHost*, FMidiMessageSequence::MidiEventHolder*)
+
+class FMidiPattern : public FPattern
+{
+public:
+	FMidiPattern();
+	virtual ~FMidiPattern() override;
+	
+	virtual void Process(AudioFrame PatternPos, uint32 InLength) override;
+	
+	virtual AudioFrame GetLength() override;
+	virtual void Reset() override;
+	
+	FMidiMessageSequence& GetSequence(FPluginHost* PluginHost);
+	const TMap<FPluginHost*, FMidiMessageSequence>& GetSequence() const { return Sequence; }
+	FPluginHost* GetPluginHost(FMidiMessageSequence* InSequence);
+	void DeleteSequence(FPluginHost* PluginHost);
+
+
+	void NotifyOnChanged(FMidiMessageSequence* InSequence);
+	void NotifyOnChanged_MainThread(FMidiMessageSequence* InSequence);
+	void NotifyOnChanged(FPluginHost* PluginHost);
+	
+	FOnMidiPatternChanged OnChanged;
+	FOnMidiPatternChanged OnChanged_MainThread;
+	FOnMidiPatternTrigger OnTrigger;
+private:
+	TMap<FPluginHost*, FMidiMessageSequence> Sequence;
+	TMap<FMidiMessageSequence*, FPluginHost*> SequenceToPluginHost;
+	FCriticalSection SequenceLock;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/Pattern.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/Pattern.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5280beb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/Pattern.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+#include "Pattern.h"
+
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+#include "Singleton/PortAudioAPI.h"
+#include "Pattern/PatternInstance.h"
+#include "Thread/MainThreadEventList.h"
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FPortAudioAPI, DestroyPatternInstance,
+FPattern* Pattern;
+FPatternInstance* Instance;
+)
+{
+	Args.Pattern->DestroyInstance(Args.Instance);
+}
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FMainThreadEventList, OnCreatePatternInstance,
+FPatternInstance* Instance;
+)
+{
+	FMidiSequencer::Get().OnCreatePatternInstance.Broadcast(Args.Instance);
+}
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FMainThreadEventList, OnDestroyPatternInstance,
+FPatternInstance* Instance;
+)
+{
+	FMidiSequencer::Get().OnDeletePatternInstance.Broadcast(Args.Instance);
+	delete Args.Instance;
+}
+
+DECLARE_PROMISE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FPortAudioAPI, CreatePatternInstance, FPatternInstance*,
+FPattern* Pattern;
+int32 TrackIndex;
+AudioFrame Pos;
+AudioFrame PatternBegin;
+AudioFrame PatternEnd;
+)
+{
+	FPatternInstance* NewInstance = Args.Pattern->CreateInstance(Args.TrackIndex,Args.Pos, Args.PatternBegin, Args.PatternEnd);
+	Done(NewInstance);
+	PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(OnCreatePatternInstance, NewInstance);
+}
+
+TFuture<FPatternInstance*> FPattern::RequestCreateInstance(int32 TrackIndex, AudioFrame Pos, AudioFrame PatternBegin, AudioFrame PatternEnd)
+{
+	return PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(CreatePatternInstance, this, TrackIndex, Pos, PatternBegin, PatternEnd);
+}
+
+void FPattern::RequestDestroyInstance(FPatternInstance* Instance)
+{
+	PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(DestroyPatternInstance, this, Instance);
+}
+
+FPatternInstance* FPattern::CreateInstance(int32 TrackIndex, AudioFrame InPos, AudioFrame PatternBegin, AudioFrame PatternEnd)
+{
+	FPatternInstance* Instance = new FPatternInstance(this, TrackIndex, InPos, TRange<AudioFrame>(PatternBegin, PatternEnd));
+	Instances.Add(Instance);
+	return Instance;
+}
+
+void FPattern::DestroyInstance(FPatternInstance* Instance)
+{
+	if (Instances.RemoveSingle(Instance) == 0)
+		return;
+	PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(OnDestroyPatternInstance, Instance);
+}
+
+void FPattern::ProcessInstances(AudioFrame SequencePos, uint32 InLength)
+{
+	for (const auto Instance : Instances)
+	{
+		Instance->Process(SequencePos, InLength);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/Pattern.h b/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/Pattern.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac7ad37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/Pattern.h
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "Future.h"
+#include "Midi/MidiType.h"
+#include "Thread/ThreadMessage.h"
+#include "Midi/Time/TimePos.h"
+
+class FPatternInstance;
+class FPluginHost;
+
+enum class EPatternType
+{
+	Midi,
+	Automation,
+	Sample
+};
+
+DECLARE_MULTICAST_DELEGATE_ThreeParams(FOnPatternPlay, FPatternInstance* /*Instance*/, AudioFrame /*Pattern Pos*/, uint32 /*Length*/)
+
+class FPattern
+{
+	FRIEND_THREAD_MESSAGE(CreatePatternInstance)
+	FRIEND_THREAD_MESSAGE(DestroyPatternInstance)
+public:
+	virtual ~FPattern() = default;
+	virtual TFuture<FPatternInstance*> RequestCreateInstance(int32 TrackIndex, AudioFrame Pos, AudioFrame PatternBegin, AudioFrame PatternEnd);
+	virtual void RequestDestroyInstance(FPatternInstance* Instance);
+
+	TArray<FPatternInstance*> GetInstances() const { return Instances; }
+	virtual void Reset() {}
+
+	virtual void Process(AudioFrame PatternPos, uint32 Length) = 0;
+	virtual AudioFrame GetLength() = 0;
+
+	void ProcessInstances(AudioFrame SequencePos, uint32 InLength);
+
+
+	uint32 ID; // 0表示无效
+	EPatternType Type;
+	FString Name;
+	FLinearColor Color;
+	TRange<AudioFrame> TimeRange;
+	AudioFrame Length;
+
+	FSimpleMulticastDelegate OnChanged;
+	FOnPatternPlay OnPlay;
+protected:
+	FPatternInstance* CreateInstance(int32 TrackIndex, AudioFrame InPos, AudioFrame PatternBegin, AudioFrame PatternEnd);
+	void DestroyInstance(FPatternInstance* Instance);
+
+	TArray<FPatternInstance*> Instances;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/PatternInstance.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/PatternInstance.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c938f0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/PatternInstance.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#include "PatternInstance.h"
+
+#include "Singleton/PortAudioAPI.h"
+#include "Thread/MainThreadEventList.h"
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FPortAudioAPI, EndSetting,
+FPatternInstance* PatternInstance;
+)
+{
+	Args.PatternInstance->EndSetting();
+}
+
+void FPatternInstance::RequestDestroy()
+{
+	Owner->RequestDestroyInstance(this);
+}
+
+void FPatternInstance::RequestEndSetting()
+{
+	PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(EndSetting, this);
+}
+
+void FPatternInstance::SetRange(TRange<AudioFrame> InRange)
+{
+	TimeRange = InRange;
+	EndSetting();
+}
+
+void FPatternInstance::SetMidiPos(MidiTick InPos)
+{
+	Pos.SetTick(InPos);
+	EndSetting();
+}
+
+void FPatternInstance::Process(AudioFrame SequencePos, AudioFrame Length)
+{
+	const AudioFrame& LowerBoundValue = TimeRange.GetLowerBoundValue();
+	AudioFrame PatternPos = SequencePos - Pos + LowerBoundValue;
+	const AudioFrame EndPatternPos = PatternPos + Length;
+	if (TimeRange.Contains(EndPatternPos) || TimeRange.Contains(PatternPos))
+	{
+		const double RealLength = FMath::Min<double>(Length, EndPatternPos - TimeRange.GetLowerBoundValue());
+		PatternPos = FMath::Max<AudioFrame>(AudioFrame(), PatternPos);
+		Owner->OnPlay.Broadcast(this, PatternPos, RealLength);
+		Owner->Process(PatternPos, RealLength);
+	}
+}
+
+void FPatternInstance::EndSetting() 
+{
+	Owner->Reset();
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/PatternInstance.h b/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/PatternInstance.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d1131a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/PatternInstance.h
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "Pattern/Pattern.h"
+#include "Midi/MidiType.h"
+#include "Midi/Time/TimePos.h"
+
+enum class EPatternInstanceAlignment
+{
+	MidiTick,
+	Sample,
+};
+
+class FPatternInstance
+{
+	FRIEND_THREAD_MESSAGE(EndSetting)
+public:
+	virtual ~FPatternInstance() = default;
+
+	FPatternInstance(FPattern* InOwner, int32 InTrackIndex, AudioFrame InPos, TRange<AudioFrame> InRange) : TrackIndex(InTrackIndex), Owner(InOwner)
+	{
+		TimeRange = InRange;
+		Pos = InPos;
+	}
+	
+	void RequestDestroy();
+	FPattern* GetOwner() const { return Owner; }
+	void RequestEndSetting();
+
+	virtual void SetRange(TRange<AudioFrame> InRange);
+	virtual void SetMidiPos(MidiTick InPos);
+	virtual MidiTick GetMidiPos() { return Pos.Ticks(); }
+
+	AudioFrame GetLength() const { return TimeRange.Size<AudioFrame>(); }
+	
+	virtual void Process(AudioFrame SequencePos, AudioFrame Length);
+	
+	int32 TrackIndex; // 在PlayList中的位置(Track的Index)
+	TRange<AudioFrame> TimeRange;
+	AudioFrame Pos;
+protected:
+	virtual void EndSetting();
+	FPattern* Owner;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/SamplePattern.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/SamplePattern.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4249397
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/SamplePattern.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#include "SamplePattern.h"
+
+#include "SamplePatternInstance.h"
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+#include "PluginHost/Sampler.h"
+
+
+FSamplePattern::FSamplePattern(FSampler* InSampler)
+{
+	Type = EPatternType::Sample;
+	Sampler = InSampler;
+}
+
+FSamplePattern::~FSamplePattern()
+{
+	for (FPatternInstance* Instance : Instances)
+	{
+		delete Instance;
+	}
+	Instances.Empty();
+}
+
+void FSamplePattern::Process(AudioFrame PatternPos, uint32 InLength)
+{
+	// const FMidiMessage& NoteOn = FMidiMessage::noteOn(1, 60, 1.f);
+	// const FMidiMessage& NoteOff = FMidiMessage::noteOff(1, 60, 1.f);
+	// Sampler->IncomingMidi.addEvent(NoteOn, PatternPos);
+	// Sampler->IncomingMidi.addEvent(NoteOff, PatternPos + GetLength());
+	// Sampler->IncomingMidi.updateMatchedPairs();
+	
+	Sampler->IncomingRange.SetLowerBound(PatternPos);
+	Sampler->IncomingRange.SetUpperBound(PatternPos + AudioFrame(InLength));
+	Sampler->IncomingOffset = 0;
+}
+
+void FSamplePattern::Reset()
+{
+	Sampler->IncomingMidi.clear();
+	Sampler->IncomingMidi.addEvent(FMidiMessage::allNotesOff(1));
+}
+
+AudioFrame FSamplePattern::GetLength()
+{
+	return AudioFrame(Sampler->GetFrameCount());
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/SamplePattern.h b/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/SamplePattern.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1a1f50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/SamplePattern.h
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "Pattern.h"
+
+class FSampler;
+
+class FSamplePattern : public FPattern
+{
+public:
+	FSamplePattern(FSampler* InSampler);
+	virtual ~FSamplePattern() override;
+
+	virtual void Process(AudioFrame PatternPos, uint32 InLength) override;
+
+	virtual void Reset() override;
+
+	FSampler* GetSampler() const { return Sampler; }
+
+	virtual AudioFrame GetLength() override;
+private:
+	FSampler* Sampler;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/SamplePatternInstance.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/SamplePatternInstance.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5671023
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/SamplePatternInstance.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#include "SamplePatternInstance.h"
+
+#include "SamplePattern.h"
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+#include "PluginHost/Sampler.h"
+
+FSamplePatternInstance::FSamplePatternInstance(FSamplePattern* InOwner, int32 TrackIndex, AudioFrame InSamplePos,
+                                               TRange<AudioFrame> InSampleRange) : FPatternInstance(InOwner, TrackIndex, InSamplePos, InSampleRange)
+{
+}
+
+void FSamplePatternInstance::Process(AudioFrame InFramePos, AudioFrame FrameNum)
+{
+	const FSamplePattern* SamplePattern = GetInstanceOwner();
+	FSampler* Sampler = SamplePattern->GetSampler();
+
+	const AudioFrame EndSamplePos = InFramePos + FrameNum;
+	if (EndSamplePos < Pos || InFramePos > Pos + TimeRange.Size<AudioFrame>())
+		return;
+	
+	int64 PatternPos = (int64)InFramePos - Pos;
+	int64 PatternEnd = PatternPos + FrameNum;
+	if (PatternPos < 0)
+	{
+		PatternPos = 0;
+	}
+	
+	PatternEnd = FMath::Min<uint64>(PatternEnd, TimeRange.GetUpperBoundValue());
+	
+	Sampler->IncomingOffset = FMath::Min<int32>(0, InFramePos - Pos) * -1;
+	Sampler->IncomingRange.SetLowerBoundValue(PatternPos + TimeRange.GetLowerBoundValue());
+	Sampler->IncomingRange.SetUpperBoundValue(PatternEnd + TimeRange.GetLowerBoundValue());
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/SamplePatternInstance.h b/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/SamplePatternInstance.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ed2d032
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Pattern/SamplePatternInstance.h
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "PatternInstance.h"
+
+class FSamplePattern;
+
+class FSamplePatternInstance : public FPatternInstance
+{
+public:
+	FSamplePatternInstance(FSamplePattern* InOwner, int32 TrackIndex, AudioFrame InSamplePos, TRange<AudioFrame> InSampleRange);
+	
+	virtual void Process(AudioFrame InFramePos, AudioFrame FrameNum) override;
+
+	FSamplePattern* GetInstanceOwner() const { return (FSamplePattern*)Owner; }
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/PluginHost/PluginHost.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/PluginHost/PluginHost.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0fa203e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/PluginHost/PluginHost.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#include "PluginHost.h"
+
+#include "Mixer/MixerTrack.h"
+
+FPluginHost::FPluginHost()
+{
+	ChannelInterface = nullptr;
+}
+
+FPluginHost::~FPluginHost()
+{
+	for (FMixerTrack* OwnerTrack : OwnerTracks)
+	{
+		OwnerTrack->Effects.RemoveSingle(this);
+	}
+	
+	IncomingMidi.clear();
+	if (ChannelInterface)
+		delete ChannelInterface;
+}
+
+void FPluginHost::ToggleEditor()
+{
+	
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/PluginHost/PluginHost.h b/Source/AronaCore/PluginHost/PluginHost.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..525818c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/PluginHost/PluginHost.h
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "AudioBuffer/ChannelInterface.h"
+#include "Midi/MidiMessageSequence.h"
+
+class FMidiEvent;
+class FMixerTrack;
+
+
+class FPluginHost
+{
+public:
+	FPluginHost();
+	virtual ~FPluginHost();
+
+	virtual bool Load(const FString& Path) { return false; }
+
+	virtual void SetEnabled(bool bEnabled) {}
+	virtual bool IsEnabled() { return false; }
+	
+	virtual void UpdateSampleRate(float SampleRate) {}
+	virtual void UpdateBlockSize(int32 BlockSize) {}
+	virtual int32 GetInputChannelNum() { return 0; }
+	virtual int32 GetOutputChannelNum() { return 0; }
+	virtual void UpdateChannelNodeName() {}
+
+	virtual void Process(int32 FrameNum) {}
+	
+	virtual void OpenEditor(void* Handle) {}
+	virtual void CloseEditor() {}
+	virtual void ToggleEditor();
+	virtual void IdleEditor() {}
+	virtual bool HasEditor() { return false; }
+	virtual FVector2D GetEditorSize() { return {}; }
+	
+	FString Name;
+	FName Vendor;
+	FChannelInterface* ChannelInterface;
+	TArray<FMixerTrack*> OwnerTracks; // 该插件所属的轨道(乐器类型插件可能会有多个，效果器类型插件只有一个)
+	FMidiMessageSequence IncomingMidi;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/PluginHost/Sampler.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/PluginHost/Sampler.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe420da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/PluginHost/Sampler.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+#include "Sampler.h"
+
+#include "Paths.h"
+#include "Singleton/PortAudioAPI.h"
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+#include "sndfile.hh"
+#include "samplerate.h"
+
+
+FSampler::FSampler()
+{
+	ChannelCount = 0;
+	FrameCount = 0;
+	SampleRate = 0;
+	IncomingOffset = 0;
+	IncomingRange = TRange<AudioFrame>(0, 0);
+}
+
+bool FSampler::Load(const FString& Path)
+{
+#if PLATFORM_WINDOWS
+	SndfileHandle FileHandle(TCHAR_TO_WCHAR(*Path));
+#else
+	SndfileHandle FileHandle(TCHAR_TO_UTF8(*FilePath));
+#endif
+
+	if (FileHandle.frames() == 0)
+		return false;
+
+	Name = FPaths::GetBaseFilename(Path);
+	Vendor = FName("Nanako");
+
+	FrameCount = FileHandle.frames();
+	ChannelCount = FileHandle.channels();
+	SampleRate = FileHandle.samplerate();
+	
+	TArray64<float> TempBuffer;
+	TempBuffer.SetNumUninitialized(FrameCount * ChannelCount);
+	FileHandle.readf(TempBuffer.GetData(), FrameCount * ChannelCount);
+	
+	SetFromInterlaceBuffer(TempBuffer, FrameCount);
+
+	UpdateSampleRate(FPortAudioAPI::Get().SampleRate);
+	UpdateBlockSize(FPortAudioAPI::Get().BlockSize);
+
+	ChannelInterface = new FChannelInterface(0, ChannelCount);
+
+	FMidiSequencer::Get().NewSamplePattern(this);
+	return true;
+}
+
+void FSampler::UpdateSampleRate(float InSampleRate)
+{
+	if (InSampleRate == SampleRate)
+		return;
+	int32 Error = 0;
+	SRC_STATE* Converter = src_new(SRC_LINEAR, ChannelCount, &Error);
+	if (!Converter || Error != 0)
+	{
+		UE_LOG(LogTemp, Error, TEXT("Error creating sample converter: %hs"), src_strerror(Error));
+		return;
+	}
+	const double Ratio = InSampleRate / SampleRate;
+	
+	TArray64<float> OutBuffer;
+	OutBuffer.SetNumUninitialized(GetSampleCount() * Ratio);
+	
+	TArray<float> InterlaceBuffer = GetInterlaceBuffer();
+	
+	SRC_DATA SrcData;
+	SrcData.data_in = InterlaceBuffer.GetData();
+	SrcData.data_out = OutBuffer.GetData();
+	SrcData.input_frames = FrameCount;
+	SrcData.output_frames = FrameCount * Ratio;
+	SrcData.src_ratio = Ratio;
+	
+	Error = src_process(Converter, &SrcData);
+	
+	if (Error != 0)
+	{
+		UE_LOG(LogTemp, Error, TEXT("Error on Resampling process: %hs"), src_strerror(Error));
+		return;
+	}
+	
+	// Clean up:
+	src_delete(Converter);
+	
+	SetFromInterlaceBuffer(OutBuffer, SrcData.output_frames_gen);
+	
+	SampleRate = InSampleRate;
+	FrameCount = SrcData.output_frames_gen;
+}
+
+void FSampler::Process(int32 FrameNum)
+{
+	const int32 Size = IncomingRange.Size<int32>();
+	if (Size == 0)
+		return;
+	
+	// FrameNum = FMath::Min(Size, FrameNum);
+	float** OutputHeader = ChannelInterface->GetOutputHeader(); // 非交错缓冲区, SampleBuffer为交错缓冲区
+	const uint64 PatternPos = IncomingRange.GetLowerBoundValue();
+	const uint64 PatternEndPos = IncomingRange.GetUpperBoundValue();
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < ChannelCount; ++i)
+	{
+		FMemory::Memcpy(OutputHeader[i] + IncomingOffset, SampleBuffer[i].GetData() + PatternPos, Size * sizeof(float));
+	}
+	
+	IncomingMidi.clear();
+	IncomingOffset = 0;
+	IncomingRange = TRange<AudioFrame>(0, 0);
+}
+
+TArray<float> FSampler::GetInterlaceBuffer() const
+{
+	TArray<float> Out;
+	Out.SetNumUninitialized(FrameCount * ChannelCount);
+	for (int i = 0; i < ChannelCount; ++i)
+	{
+		for (uint32 j = 0; j < FrameCount; ++j)
+		{
+			Out[j * ChannelCount + i] = SampleBuffer[i][j];
+		}
+	}
+	return Out;
+}
+
+void FSampler::SetFromInterlaceBuffer(const TArray64<float>& InterlaceBuffer, uint32 FrameNum)
+{
+	SampleBuffer.SetNum(ChannelCount);
+	for (int i = 0; i < ChannelCount; ++i)
+	{
+		TArray64<float>& ChannelBuffer = SampleBuffer[i];
+		ChannelBuffer.SetNum(FrameNum);
+		for (uint64 j = 0; j < FrameNum; ++j)
+		{
+			ChannelBuffer[j] = InterlaceBuffer[j * ChannelCount + i];
+		}
+	}
+	FrameCount = FrameNum;
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/PluginHost/Sampler.h b/Source/AronaCore/PluginHost/Sampler.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dbf3ba8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/PluginHost/Sampler.h
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "PluginHost.h"
+#include "Midi/MidiType.h"
+#include "Midi/Time/TimePos.h"
+
+class FSampler : public FPluginHost
+{
+public:
+	FSampler();
+
+	virtual bool Load(const FString& Path) override;
+	virtual void UpdateSampleRate(float InSampleRate) override;
+	virtual void Process(int32 FrameNum) override;
+
+	const TArray<TArray64<float>>& GetSampleBuffer() const { return SampleBuffer; }
+	
+	float GetSampleInterlace(uint32 Index) const { return SampleBuffer[Index % ChannelCount][Index / ChannelCount]; }
+	
+	int32 GetChannelCount() const { return ChannelCount; }
+	float GetSampleRate() const { return SampleRate; }
+	uint32 GetFrameCount() const { return FrameCount; }
+	uint32 GetSampleCount() const { return FrameCount * ChannelCount; }
+
+	uint32 IncomingOffset;
+	TRange<AudioFrame> IncomingRange;
+protected:
+	TArray<float> GetInterlaceBuffer() const;
+	void SetFromInterlaceBuffer(const TArray64<float>& InterlaceBuffer, uint32 FrameNum);
+private:
+	int32 ChannelCount;
+	uint32 FrameCount;
+	float SampleRate;
+
+	TArray<TArray64<float>> SampleBuffer;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/PluginHost/VST2PluginHost.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/PluginHost/VST2PluginHost.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..35de04f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/PluginHost/VST2PluginHost.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
+#include "VST2PluginHost.h"
+
+#include "Singleton/PortAudioAPI.h"
+#include "Mixer/MixerTrack.h"
+#include "HAL/PlatformProcess.h"
+// #include "Widget/WindowManager.h"
+
+DEFINE_LOG_CATEGORY(LogVST2PluginHost);
+
+ARONACORE_API static TMap<FString, TSharedPtr<FVST2PluginHandle>> PluginHandles; 
+
+TSharedPtr<FVST2PluginHandle> TryLoadHandle(FString Path)
+{
+	if (TSharedPtr<FVST2PluginHandle>* Handle = PluginHandles.Find(Path))
+		return *Handle;
+	
+	void* DllHandle = FPlatformProcess::GetDllHandle(*Path);
+	if (!DllHandle)
+		return nullptr;
+	TSharedPtr<FVST2PluginHandle>& NewHandle = PluginHandles.Add(Path, MakeShared<FVST2PluginHandle>());
+	NewHandle->Path = Path;
+	NewHandle->Handle = DllHandle;
+	return NewHandle;
+}
+
+typedef AEffect* (*VSTPluginEntryProc)(audioMasterCallback AudioMaster);
+
+TMap<FName, bool> CanDoMap =
+{
+	{"sendVstEvents", true},
+	{"sendVstMidiEvent", true},
+	{"sendVstTimeInfo", true},
+	{"receiveVstEvents", false},
+	{"receiveVstMidiEvent", false},
+	{"receiveVstTimeInfo", false},
+	{"offline", false},
+	{"reportConnectionChanges", false},
+	{"acceptIOChanges", true},
+	{"sizeWindow", true},
+	{"asyncProcessing", true},
+	{"supplyIdle", true},
+	{"supportShell", false},
+	{"openFileSelector", false},
+	{"editFile", false},
+	{"closeFileSelector", false},
+	{"NIMKPIVendorSpecificCallbacks", false},
+};
+
+bool VstHostCanDo(const char* CanDo)
+{
+	const FName CanDoName = FName(UTF8_TO_TCHAR(CanDo));
+	const bool* Find = CanDoMap.Find(CanDoName);
+	check(Find)
+	if (Find)
+		return *Find;
+	return false;
+}
+
+VstIntPtr MasterCallback(AEffect* Effect, VstInt32 OpCode, VstInt32 Index, VstIntPtr Value, void* Ptr, float Opt)
+{
+	switch (OpCode)
+	{
+		case audioMasterAutomate:
+			return 1;
+		case audioMasterVersion:
+			return kVstVersion; // 返回插件版本号
+		case audioMasterWantMidi:
+			return 1;
+		case audioMasterGetSampleRate:
+			return FPortAudioAPI::Get().SampleRate; // 返回采样率
+		case audioMasterGetCurrentProcessLevel:
+			return kVstProcessLevelRealtime; // 返回当前处理级别
+		case audioMasterGetBlockSize:
+			return FPortAudioAPI::Get().BlockSize; // 返回块大小
+		case audioMasterSizeWindow:
+		{
+			// 设置插件窗口大小
+			// FVST2PluginHost* Host = static_cast<FVST2PluginHost*>(Effect->user);
+			// if (const TSharedPtr<SWindow> Window = FWindowManager::Get().FindPluginEditor(Host))
+			// 	Window->Resize(FVector2D(Index, Value));
+			return 1;
+		}
+		case audioMasterGetTime:
+			return (VstIntPtr)&VST2::VSTTimeInfo;
+		case audioMasterIdle:
+			UE_LOG(LogTemp, Log, TEXT("Plugin Idle"));
+			return 1;
+		case audioMasterNeedIdle:
+			UE_LOG(LogTemp, Log, TEXT("Plugin Need Idle"));
+			return 1;
+		case audioMasterGetVendorString:
+		{
+			const char* Ptr1 = (const char*)Ptr;
+			Ptr1 = "Arona";
+			return 1;
+		}
+		case audioMasterGetProductString:
+		{
+			const char* Ptr1 = (const char*)Ptr;
+			Ptr1 = "Arona";
+			return 1;
+		}
+		case audioMasterGetVendorVersion:
+			return 1000;
+		case audioMasterCanDo:
+		{
+			const char* Ptr1 = (const char*)Ptr;
+			return VstHostCanDo(Ptr1) ? 1 : 0;
+		}
+		case audioMasterUpdateDisplay:
+			return 1;
+		case audioMasterBeginEdit:
+		{
+			UE_LOG(LogTemp, Log, TEXT("Want Begin Edit"));
+			return 1;
+		}
+		case audioMasterEndEdit:
+		{
+			UE_LOG(LogTemp, Log, TEXT("Want End Edit"));
+			return 1;
+		}
+		case audioMasterVendorSpecific:
+			return 0;
+		case audioMasterProcessEvents:
+			// TODO
+		{
+			VstEvents* Events = (VstEvents*)Ptr;
+			Events->events[0]->type;
+			FVST2PluginHost* Host = static_cast<FVST2PluginHost*>(Effect->user);
+			
+		}
+			return 1;
+		default:
+			ensureMsgf(0, TEXT("No Implement OpCode: %d"), OpCode);
+	}
+	
+	return 1;
+}
+
+FVST2PluginHandle::~FVST2PluginHandle()
+{
+	FPlatformProcess::FreeDllHandle(Handle);
+}
+
+FVST2PluginHost::FVST2PluginHost()
+{
+	Handle = nullptr;
+	Effect = nullptr;
+}
+
+FVST2PluginHost::~FVST2PluginHost()
+{
+	UE_LOG(LogVST2PluginHost, Log, TEXT("VST2Plugin Destroyed: %s"), *Name);
+	
+	if (Effect)
+		Dispatch(effClose);
+	
+	Effect = nullptr;
+	Handle.Reset();
+	MidiEventsToSend.freeEvents();
+}
+
+bool FVST2PluginHost::Load(const FString& Path)
+{
+	Handle = TryLoadHandle(Path);
+	if (!Handle.IsValid())
+	{
+		UE_LOG(LogVST2PluginHost, Error, TEXT("加载插件失败 %s: 无法加载库文件"), *Path);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	VSTPluginEntryProc PluginEntryProc = static_cast<VSTPluginEntryProc>(FPlatformProcess::GetDllExport(Handle->Handle, TEXT("VSTPluginMain")));
+	if (!PluginEntryProc)
+	{
+		UE_LOG(LogVST2PluginHost, Error, TEXT("加载插件失败 %s: 没有找到函数入口"), *Path);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	Effect = PluginEntryProc(&MasterCallback);
+	check(Effect->magic == kEffectMagic)
+	
+	Effect->user = this;
+
+	char Buf[256];
+	Dispatch(effGetEffectName, 0, 0, Buf);
+	Name = UTF8_TO_TCHAR(Buf);
+
+	Dispatch(effGetVendorString, 0, 0, Buf);
+	Vendor = FName(UTF8_TO_TCHAR(Buf));
+
+	
+	UpdateSampleRate(FPortAudioAPI::Get().SampleRate);
+	UpdateBlockSize(FPortAudioAPI::Get().BlockSize);
+
+	ChannelInterface = new FChannelInterface(Effect->numInputs, Effect->numOutputs);
+	
+	
+	Dispatch(effOpen);
+	SetEnabled(true);
+	return true;
+}
+
+void FVST2PluginHost::SetEnabled(bool bEnabled)
+{
+	EnableState = bEnabled;
+	Dispatch(effMainsChanged, 0, bEnabled);
+}
+
+bool FVST2PluginHost::IsEnabled()
+{
+	return EnableState;
+}
+
+void FVST2PluginHost::UpdateBlockSize(int32 BlockSize)
+{
+	Dispatch(effSetBlockSize, 0, BlockSize);
+}
+
+void FVST2PluginHost::UpdateSampleRate(float SampleRate)
+{
+	Dispatch(effSetSampleRate, 0, 0, nullptr, SampleRate);
+}
+
+void FVST2PluginHost::Process(int32 NumSamples)
+{
+	MidiEventsToSend.clear();
+	MidiEventsToSend.ensureSize(1);
+	
+	for (const auto metadata : IncomingMidi)
+		MidiEventsToSend.addEvent(metadata->message.getRawData(), metadata->message.getRawDataSize(), FMath::Clamp(metadata->message.getTimeStamp(), 0, NumSamples - 1));
+
+	Dispatch(effProcessEvents, 0, 0, MidiEventsToSend.events);
+	IncomingMidi.clear();
+	
+	Effect->processReplacing(Effect, ChannelInterface->GetInputHeader(), ChannelInterface->GetOutputHeader(), NumSamples);
+}
+
+void FVST2PluginHost::UpdateChannelNodeName()
+{
+	VstPinProperties PinProperties;
+	for (int i = 0; i < Effect->numInputs; ++i)
+	{
+		if (Dispatch(effGetInputProperties, i, 0, &PinProperties) == 1)
+		{
+			ChannelInterface->SetInputChannelNodeName(i / 2, i, UTF8_TO_TCHAR(PinProperties.label));
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < Effect->numOutputs; ++i)
+	{
+		if (Dispatch(effGetOutputProperties, i, 0, &PinProperties) == 1)
+		{
+			ChannelInterface->SetOutputChannelNodeName(i / 2, i, UTF8_TO_TCHAR(PinProperties.label));
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void FVST2PluginHost::OpenEditor(void* WindowHandle)
+{
+	if (!HasEditor())
+		return;
+	Dispatch(effEditOpen, 0, 0, WindowHandle);
+}
+
+void FVST2PluginHost::CloseEditor()
+{
+	Dispatch(effEditClose);
+}
+
+void FVST2PluginHost::IdleEditor()
+{
+	Dispatch(effEditIdle);
+}
+
+bool FVST2PluginHost::HasEditor()
+{
+	return Effect->flags & effFlagsHasEditor;
+}
+
+FVector2D FVST2PluginHost::GetEditorSize()
+{
+	ERect* EditorRect = nullptr;
+	Dispatch(effEditGetRect, 0, 0, &EditorRect);
+	return FVector2D(EditorRect->right - EditorRect->left, EditorRect->bottom - EditorRect->top);
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/PluginHost/VST2PluginHost.h b/Source/AronaCore/PluginHost/VST2PluginHost.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6b968a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/PluginHost/VST2PluginHost.h
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "PluginHost.h"
+#include "Midi/VSTEventList.h"
+#include "pluginterfaces/vst2.x/aeffect.h"
+#include "pluginterfaces/vst2.x/aeffectx.h"
+
+DECLARE_LOG_CATEGORY_EXTERN(LogVST2PluginHost, Log, All);
+
+namespace VST2
+{
+	inline VstTimeInfo VSTTimeInfo;
+}
+
+
+class FVST2PluginHandle
+{
+public:
+	~FVST2PluginHandle();
+	void* Handle = nullptr;
+	FString Path;
+};
+
+class FVST2PluginHost : public FPluginHost
+{
+public:
+	FVST2PluginHost();
+	~FVST2PluginHost();
+	virtual bool Load(const FString& Path) override;
+	virtual void SetEnabled(bool bEnabled) override;
+	virtual bool IsEnabled() override;
+	virtual void UpdateBlockSize(int32 BlockSize) override;
+	virtual void UpdateSampleRate(float SampleRate) override;
+	virtual void Process(int32 NumSamples) override;
+	virtual int32 GetInputChannelNum() override { return Effect->numInputs; }
+	virtual int32 GetOutputChannelNum() override { return Effect->numOutputs; }
+	virtual void UpdateChannelNodeName() override;
+
+	virtual void OpenEditor(void* WindowHandle) override;
+	virtual void CloseEditor() override;
+	virtual void IdleEditor() override;
+	virtual bool HasEditor() override;
+	virtual FVector2D GetEditorSize() override;
+private:
+	VstIntPtr Dispatch(const VstInt32 Opcode, const VstInt32 Index = 0, const VstIntPtr Value = 0, void* Ptr = nullptr, const float Opt = 0.0f)
+	{
+		return Effect->dispatcher(Effect, Opcode, Index, Value, Ptr, Opt);
+	}
+	
+	TSharedPtr<FVST2PluginHandle> Handle;
+	AEffect* Effect;
+	bool EnableState = false;
+	VSTMidiEventList MidiEventsToSend;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/CallRateLimiterManager.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/CallRateLimiterManager.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b7e1c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/CallRateLimiterManager.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#include "CallRateLimiterManager.h"
+
+#include "Misc/CallRateLimiter.h"
+
+void FCallRateLimiterManager::Update(float DeltaTime) 
+{
+	for (int32 i = 0; i < Num(); ++i)
+	{
+		FCallOnce* DelayCaller = (*this)[i];
+		DelayCaller->Update();
+	}
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/CallRateLimiterManager.h b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/CallRateLimiterManager.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..359cc0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/CallRateLimiterManager.h
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "Singleton.h"
+
+class FCallOnce;
+
+class FCallRateLimiterManager : public TSingleton<FCallRateLimiterManager>, public TArray<FCallOnce*>
+{
+public:
+	void Update(float DeltaTime);
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/MidiSequencer.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/MidiSequencer.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8535abf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/MidiSequencer.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+#include "MidiSequencer.h"
+
+#include "PortAudioAPI.h"
+#include "PluginHostList.h"
+#include "PluginHost/VST2PluginHost.h"
+
+FMidiPattern* FMidiSequencer::NewMidiPattern()
+{
+	FMidiPattern* Pattern = new FMidiPattern();
+	RegisterPattern(Pattern);
+	return Pattern;
+}
+
+FSamplePattern* FMidiSequencer::NewSamplePattern(FSampler* InSampler)
+{
+	FSamplePattern* Pattern = new FSamplePattern(InSampler);
+	RegisterPattern(Pattern);
+	return Pattern;
+}
+
+void FMidiSequencer::DeletePattern(FPattern* Pattern)
+{
+	Patterns.Remove(Pattern);
+	PatternTypeMap.FindChecked(Pattern->Type).Remove(Pattern);
+	OnDeletePattern.Broadcast(Pattern);
+	delete Pattern;
+}
+
+FPattern* FMidiSequencer::FindPattern(uint32 ID)
+{
+	for (FPattern* P : Patterns)
+		if (P->ID == ID)
+			return P;
+	return nullptr;
+}
+
+void FMidiSequencer::Process(float SampleRate, uint32 FrameNum)
+{
+	if (!Playing.load())
+		return;
+	
+	// 将Sample转换为MidiTick
+	const float SamplePerBeat = SampleRate * 60.f / BPM;
+	const double TickDelta = FrameNum / SamplePerBeat * TicksPerQuarter;
+
+	for (const auto Pattern : Patterns)
+	{
+		Pattern->ProcessInstances(FramePos, FrameNum);
+	}
+
+	FramePos.store(FramePos.load().Pos + FrameNum);
+
+	UpdateTime();
+}
+
+void FMidiSequencer::UpdateTime()
+{
+	VstTimeInfo& Info = VST2::VSTTimeInfo;
+	Info.samplePos = FramePos.load();
+	Info.sampleRate = FPortAudioAPI::Get().SampleRate;
+	Info.nanoSeconds = FDateTime::Now().GetTicks() * ETimespan::NanosecondsPerTick;
+	Info.ppqPos = FramePos.load().Ticks() / (double)TicksPerQuarter;
+	Info.tempo = BPM;
+	Info.barStartPos = 0;
+	Info.cycleStartPos = 0;
+	Info.cycleEndPos = 0;
+	Info.timeSigNumerator = 4;
+	Info.timeSigDenominator = 4;
+	Info.smpteOffset = 0;
+	Info.smpteFrameRate = 0;
+	Info.samplesToNextClock = 0;
+	Info.flags = kVstNanosValid | kVstPpqPosValid | kVstTempoValid;
+	Info.flags |= kVstTransportPlaying;
+}
+
+void FMidiSequencer::ForeachPatternInstance(TFunctionRef<bool(FPatternInstance*)> Func)
+{
+	for (const FPattern* Pattern : Patterns)
+	{
+		const TArray<FPatternInstance*>& PatternInstances = Pattern->GetInstances();
+		for (FPatternInstance* Instance : PatternInstances)
+		{
+			if (!Func(Instance))
+				return;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+float FMidiSequencer::FramesPerTick()
+{
+	const FPortAudioAPI& PortAudioAPI = FPortAudioAPI::Get();
+	const FMidiSequencer& MidiSequencer = Get();
+	return (PortAudioAPI.SampleRate * 60.0f) / (MidiSequencer.TicksPerQuarter * MidiSequencer.BPM);
+}
+
+void FMidiSequencer::SetPlaying(bool bPlaying)
+{
+	Playing = bPlaying;
+	if (Playing == false)
+	{
+		FPluginHostList::Get().StopAllMidiOn();
+	}
+}
+
+void FMidiSequencer::RegisterPattern(FPattern* InPattern)
+{
+	InPattern->ID = ++IDCounter;
+	Patterns.Add(InPattern);
+	PatternTypeMap.FindOrAdd(InPattern->Type).Add(InPattern);
+	OnNewPattern.Broadcast(InPattern);
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/MidiSequencer.h b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/MidiSequencer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0db7afc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/MidiSequencer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "Pattern/Pattern.h"
+#include "Pattern/PatternInstance.h"
+#include "Singleton.h"
+#include "Pattern/MidiPattern.h"
+#include "Pattern/SamplePattern.h"
+#include "Midi/Time/TimePos.h"
+#include "Midi/Time/TimeSig.h"
+
+DECLARE_MULTICAST_DELEGATE_OneParam(FPatternDelegate, FPattern*)
+DECLARE_MULTICAST_DELEGATE_OneParam(FPatternInstanceDelegate, FPatternInstance*)
+
+class FPatternSelector : public TSingleton<FPatternSelector>
+{
+public:
+	void SelectPattern(FPattern* Pattern)
+	{
+		Range = TRange<AudioFrame>(AudioFrame(), Pattern->GetLength());
+		if (SelectedPattern == Pattern)
+			return;
+		if (SelectedPattern)
+			OnPatternDeselected.Broadcast(SelectedPattern);
+		SelectedPattern = Pattern;
+		OnPatternSelected.Broadcast(SelectedPattern);
+	}
+
+	void UnSelectPattern()
+	{
+		if (SelectedPattern)
+			OnPatternDeselected.Broadcast(SelectedPattern);
+		SelectedPattern = nullptr;
+		Range = TRange<AudioFrame>(AudioFrame(), AudioFrame());
+	}
+
+	void SelectPatternInstance(FPatternInstance* PatternInstance)
+	{
+		FPattern* Pattern = PatternInstance->GetOwner();
+		SelectPattern(Pattern);
+		Range = PatternInstance->TimeRange;
+	}
+
+	FPattern* GetSelectedPattern() const { return SelectedPattern; }
+	TRange<AudioFrame> GetRange() const { return Range; }
+	
+	FPatternDelegate OnPatternSelected;
+	FPatternDelegate OnPatternDeselected;
+private:
+	TRange<AudioFrame> Range;
+	FPattern* SelectedPattern = nullptr;
+};
+
+class FMidiSequencer : public TSingleton<FMidiSequencer>
+{
+public: 
+	FMidiPattern* NewMidiPattern();
+	FSamplePattern* NewSamplePattern(FSampler* InSampler);
+	
+	void DeletePattern(FPattern* Pattern);
+	FPattern* FindPattern(uint32 ID);
+
+	void Process(float SampleRate, uint32 FrameNum);
+	
+	void UpdateTime();
+
+	const TMap<EPatternType, TArray<FPattern*>>& GetPattern() const { return PatternTypeMap; }
+	const TArray<FPattern*>& GetPattern(EPatternType Type) { return PatternTypeMap.FindOrAdd(Type); }
+	void ForeachPatternInstance(TFunctionRef<bool(FPatternInstance*)> Func);
+	
+	FPatternDelegate OnNewPattern;
+	FPatternDelegate OnDeletePattern;
+	FPatternInstanceDelegate OnCreatePatternInstance;
+	FPatternInstanceDelegate OnDeletePatternInstance;
+	
+	double GetTickPos() const { return FramePos.load().Ticks(); }
+	double GetSamplePos() const { return FramePos.load(); }
+
+	void SetTicksPerQuarter(int32 InTicksPerQuarter) { TicksPerQuarter = FMath::Max(48, InTicksPerQuarter); }
+	int32 GetTicksPerQuarter() const { return TicksPerQuarter; }
+	MidiTick GetBeat() const { return GetTicksPerQuarter() * TimeSig.GetNumerator(); }
+	MidiTick GetBar() const { return GetBeat() * TimeSig.GetDenominator(); }
+	
+	static float FramesPerTick(); // MidiTick转换为Frame的比例
+
+	FTimeSig TimeSig = FTimeSig(4, 4);
+	float BPM = 160.f;
+
+	void TogglePlay() { SetPlaying(!Playing); }
+	void SetPlaying(bool bPlaying);
+
+
+	std::atomic<AudioFrame> FramePos;
+private:
+	void RegisterPattern(FPattern* InPattern);
+	
+	int32 TicksPerQuarter = 480; // Ticks Per Quarter-Note
+	std::atomic_bool Playing = false;
+
+	uint32 IDCounter = 0;
+	
+	TArray<FPattern*> Patterns;
+	TMap<EPatternType, TArray<FPattern*>> PatternTypeMap;
+	
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/MixerList.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/MixerList.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6fdd400
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/MixerList.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+#include "MixerList.h"
+
+#include "Mixer/MixerTrack.h"
+#include "PortAudioAPI.h"
+#include "Thread/MainThreadEventList.h"
+#include "TaskGraphInterfaces.h"
+#include "AudioBuffer/ChannelNode.h"
+#include "PluginHost/PluginHost.h"
+#include "PluginHostList.h"
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FMainThreadEventList, OnMixerTrackCreated,
+FMixerTrack* MixerTrack;
+)
+{
+	FMixerList::Get().OnMixerTrackCreated.Broadcast(Args.MixerTrack);
+}
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FMainThreadEventList, OnMixerTrackRemoved,
+FMixerTrack* MixerTrack;
+)
+{
+	FMixerList::Get().OnMixerTrackRemoved.Broadcast(Args.MixerTrack);
+	delete Args.MixerTrack;
+}
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FPortAudioAPI, RegisterMixerTrack,
+FMixerTrack* MixerTrack;
+)
+{
+	FMixerList::Get().Add(Args.MixerTrack);
+	FMixerList::Get().BuildProcessNode();
+	PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(OnMixerTrackCreated, Args.MixerTrack);
+}
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FPortAudioAPI, RemoveMixerTrack,
+FMixerTrack* MixerTrack;
+)
+{
+	FMixerList::Get().RemoveTrack_AudioThread(Args.MixerTrack);
+}
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FPortAudioAPI, BuildProcessNode,)
+{
+	FMixerList::Get().BuildProcessNode();
+}
+
+struct FMixerTrackEffectProcessTask
+{
+	FMixerTrackEffectProcessTask(FMixerTrack* InTrack, int32 InNumSamples) : Track(InTrack), NumSamples(InNumSamples)
+	{ }
+
+	FMixerTrack* Track;
+	int32 NumSamples;
+	
+	void DoTask(ENamedThreads::Type CurrentThread, const FGraphEventRef& CompletionGraphEvent)
+	{
+		Track->Process(NumSamples);
+	}
+	
+	FORCEINLINE TStatId GetStatId() const
+	{
+		RETURN_QUICK_DECLARE_CYCLE_STAT(FGenerateWaveformRangeTask, STATGROUP_ThreadPoolAsyncTasks);
+	}
+
+	static ENamedThreads::Type GetDesiredThread() { return ENamedThreads::AnyThread; }
+	
+	static ESubsequentsMode::Type GetSubsequentsMode() { return ESubsequentsMode::TrackSubsequents; }
+};
+
+
+void FMixerList::Init()
+{
+	ZeroTrack = new FDummyMixerTrack();
+	ZeroTrack->Rename("Zero");
+	ZeroTrack->Init();
+	
+	FDummyMixerTrack* MixerTrack = new FDummyMixerTrack();
+	MixerTrack->Rename("Master");
+	MixerTrack->Init();
+	Add(MixerTrack); // Master
+}
+
+void FMixerList::Release()
+{
+	for (FMixerTrack*& Track : *this)
+	{
+		OnMixerTrackRemoved.Broadcast(Track);
+		delete Track;
+	}
+	Empty();
+	delete ZeroTrack;
+}
+
+FDummyMixerTrack* FMixerList::CreateDummyTrack(const FString& Name)
+{
+	FDummyMixerTrack* Track = new FDummyMixerTrack();
+	Track->Init();
+	Track->Rename(Name);
+	FMixerTrackLink& Link = GetMaster()->Children.AddDefaulted_GetRef();
+	Link.Track = Track;
+	Link.Gain = 1.f;
+	// Add(Track);
+	PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(RegisterMixerTrack, Track);
+	return Track;
+}
+
+FInstrumentMixerTrack* FMixerList::CreateInstrumentTrack(FPluginHost* Host)
+{
+	FInstrumentMixerTrack* Track = new FInstrumentMixerTrack(Host);
+	Track->Init();
+	FMixerTrackLink& Link = GetMaster()->Children.AddDefaulted_GetRef();
+	Link.Track = Track;
+	Link.Gain = 1.f;
+	// Add(Track);
+	PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(RegisterMixerTrack, Track);
+	return Track;
+}
+
+void FMixerList::RemoveTrack(FMixerTrack* Track)
+{
+	PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(RemoveMixerTrack, Track);
+}
+
+void FMixerList::RemoveTrack(FPluginHost* Instrument)
+{
+	for (FMixerTrack* Track : *this)
+	{
+		if (Track->Type == EMixerTrackType::Instrument)
+		{
+			FInstrumentMixerTrack* InstrumentTrack = static_cast<FInstrumentMixerTrack*>(Track);
+			if (InstrumentTrack->GetHost() == Instrument)
+			{
+				RemoveTrack(Track);
+				return;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void FMixerList::RemoveTrack_AudioThread(FMixerTrack* InTrack)
+{
+	Remove(InTrack);
+	for (FMixerTrack* Track : FMixerList::Get())
+	{
+		Track->RemoveChild(Track);
+	}
+	GetMaster()->RemoveChild(InTrack);
+	
+	for (const FPluginHost* Plugin : FPluginHostList::Get())
+	{
+		Plugin->ChannelInterface->RemoveTrack(InTrack);
+	}
+	BuildProcessNode();
+	PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(OnMixerTrackRemoved, InTrack);
+}
+
+void FMixerList::Process(int32 NumSamples)
+{
+	for (const auto& Layer : LayerTracks)
+	{
+		FGraphEventArray Futures;
+		for (FMixerTrack* Track : Layer.Value)
+		{
+			FGraphEventRef BuildTask = TGraphTask<FMixerTrackEffectProcessTask>::CreateTask(nullptr).ConstructAndDispatchWhenReady(Track, NumSamples);
+			Futures.Add(BuildTask);
+		}
+		const FGraphEventRef NullTask = TGraphTask<FNullGraphTask>::CreateTask(&Futures).ConstructAndDispatchWhenReady(TStatId(), ENamedThreads::Type::AnyThread);
+		FTaskGraphInterface::Get().WaitUntilTaskCompletes(NullTask);
+	}
+
+	FMixerTrack* Master = GetMaster();
+	TArray<FMixerTrack*> ProcessedTracks;
+	ProcessInternal(Master, NumSamples, ProcessedTracks);
+	Master->Buffer.Multiple(Master->Gain);
+}
+
+void FMixerList::ResetAllTracks()
+{
+	for (FMixerTrack* Track : *this)
+		Track->Buffer.ZeroBuffer();
+}
+
+void FMixerList::BuildProcessNode()
+{
+	check(FPortAudioAPI::IsInAudioThread());
+	if (Num() == 0) // 没有任何轨道
+		return;
+	
+	TMap<FMixerTrack*, int32> ProcessedTracks;
+	FMixerTrack* Master = GetMaster();
+	BuildProcessNodeInternal(Master, ProcessedTracks, 0);
+	for (FPluginHost* PluginHost : FPluginHostList::Get().Instruments)
+	{
+		BuildInstrumentProcessNode(PluginHost, ProcessedTracks);
+	}
+
+	LayerTracks.Reset();
+	for (const auto& Pair : ProcessedTracks)
+	{
+		LayerTracks.FindOrAdd(Pair.Value).Add(Pair.Key);
+	}
+	
+	// 较大的层级在前面
+	LayerTracks.KeySort([](int32 A, int32 B)
+	{
+		return A > B;
+	});
+	
+	// 绘制层级
+	for (const auto& Pair : LayerTracks)
+	{
+		const int32& Layer = Pair.Key;
+		const TArray<FMixerTrack*>& Tracks = Pair.Value;
+		FString LayerString;
+		for (FMixerTrack* T : Tracks)
+		{
+			LayerString += T->GetName() + FString(" | ");
+		}
+		UE_LOG(LogTemp, Log, TEXT("Layer %d:| %s"), Layer, *LayerString);
+	}
+}
+
+void FMixerList::RequestBuildProcessNode()
+{
+	PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(BuildProcessNode);
+}
+
+void FMixerList::ProcessInternal(FMixerTrack* Track, int32 NumSamples, TArray<FMixerTrack*>& ProcessedTracks)
+{
+	if (ProcessedTracks.Contains(Track))
+		return;
+	
+	for (const auto& Link : Track->Children)
+	{
+		ProcessInternal(Link.Track, NumSamples, ProcessedTracks);
+		Track->Buffer.AddBuffer(Link.Track->Buffer, Link.Gain);
+	}
+
+	Track->Buffer.CalculatePeak();
+	ProcessedTracks.Add(Track);
+}
+
+int32 FMixerList::BuildProcessNodeInternal(FMixerTrack* Track, TMap<FMixerTrack*, int32>& ProcessedTracks, int32 Layer)
+{
+	int32& TrackCurrentLayer = ProcessedTracks.FindOrAdd(Track);
+	TrackCurrentLayer = FMath::Max(TrackCurrentLayer, Layer);
+	for (const FMixerTrackLink& ChildLink : Track->Children)
+	{
+		FMixerTrack* ChildTrack = ChildLink.Track;
+		BuildProcessNodeInternal(ChildTrack, ProcessedTracks, Layer + 1);
+		for (const FPluginHost* Effect : ChildTrack->Effects)
+		{
+			BuildEffectChannelInterface(ChildTrack, Effect->ChannelInterface, ProcessedTracks);
+		}
+	}
+	return ++Layer;
+}
+
+void FMixerList::BuildInstrumentProcessNode(FPluginHost* PluginHost, TMap<FMixerTrack*, int32>& ProcessedTracks)
+{
+	for (FMixerTrack* Track : PluginHost->OwnerTracks)
+	{
+		BuildEffectChannelInterface(Track, PluginHost->ChannelInterface, ProcessedTracks);
+	}
+}
+
+void FMixerList::BuildEffectChannelInterface(FMixerTrack* Track, FChannelInterface* ChannelInterface, TMap<FMixerTrack*, int32>& ProcessedTracks)
+{
+	int32& TrackCurrentLayer = ProcessedTracks.FindOrAdd(Track);
+	TArray<FChannelNode*>& InputChannelNodes = ChannelInterface->InputChannelNodes;
+	TArray<FChannelNode*>& OutputChannelNodes = ChannelInterface->OutputChannelNodes;
+	// 如果这个效果器需要从其他轨道输入，那么目标轨道的深度就是这个轨道的深度+1
+	for (int i = 1; i < InputChannelNodes.Num(); ++i)
+	{
+		FChannelNode* ChannelNode = InputChannelNodes[i];
+		if (ChannelNode->NodeType != EChannelNodeType::MixerNode)
+			continue;
+		const FMixerChannelNode* MixerChannelNode = static_cast<FMixerChannelNode*>(ChannelNode);
+		FMixerTrack* InputTrack = MixerChannelNode->GetTrack();
+		int32& TargetMixerCurrentLayer = ProcessedTracks.FindOrAdd(InputTrack);
+		TargetMixerCurrentLayer = FMath::Max(TargetMixerCurrentLayer + 1, TrackCurrentLayer + 1);
+	}
+	
+	// 如果这个效果器需要输出到其他轨道，那么这个轨道的深度就是目标轨道的深度+1
+	for (int i = 1; i < OutputChannelNodes.Num(); ++i)
+	{
+		FChannelNode* ChannelNode = OutputChannelNodes[i];
+		if (ChannelNode->NodeType != EChannelNodeType::MixerNode)
+			continue;
+		const FMixerChannelNode* MixerChannelNode = static_cast<FMixerChannelNode*>(ChannelNode);
+		FMixerTrack* MixerTrack = MixerChannelNode->GetTrack();
+		const int32& TargetMixerCurrentLayer = ProcessedTracks.FindOrAdd(MixerTrack);
+		TrackCurrentLayer = FMath::Max(TrackCurrentLayer, TargetMixerCurrentLayer + 1);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/MixerList.h b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/MixerList.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ee4724
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/MixerList.h
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "Singleton.h"
+#include "Thread/ThreadMessage.h"
+
+class FChannelInterface;
+struct FMixerTrackLink;
+class FMixerTrack;
+class FDummyMixerTrack;
+class FInstrumentMixerTrack;
+class FPluginHost;
+
+DECLARE_MULTICAST_DELEGATE_OneParam(FOnMixerTrackEvent, FMixerTrack*);
+DECLARE_MULTICAST_DELEGATE_TwoParams(FOnMixerTrackEffectEvent, FMixerTrack*, FPluginHost*);
+
+class FMixerList : public TSingleton<FMixerList>, public TArray<FMixerTrack*>
+{
+public:
+	virtual void Init() override;
+	virtual void Release() override;
+
+	virtual FName GetName() override { return "MixerList"; }
+
+	FORCEINLINE FMixerTrack* GetMaster() const { return GetData()[0]; }
+	FDummyMixerTrack* CreateDummyTrack(const FString& Name);
+	FInstrumentMixerTrack* CreateInstrumentTrack(FPluginHost* Host);
+	void RemoveTrack(FMixerTrack* Track);
+	void RemoveTrack(FPluginHost* Instrument);
+	void RemoveTrack_AudioThread(FMixerTrack* InTrack);
+
+	void Process(int32 NumSamples);
+
+	void ResetAllTracks();
+
+	void BuildProcessNode();
+	void RequestBuildProcessNode();
+	
+	FOnMixerTrackEvent OnMixerTrackCreated;
+	FOnMixerTrackEvent OnMixerTrackRemoved;
+	FOnMixerTrackEffectEvent OnMixerTrackEffectAdded;
+	FOnMixerTrackEffectEvent OnMixerTrackEffectRemoved;
+
+	FDummyMixerTrack* ZeroTrack = nullptr; // 用于没有任何音频输出的情况
+private:
+	static void ProcessInternal(FMixerTrack* Track, int32 NumSamples, TArray<FMixerTrack*>& ProcessedTracks);
+	int32 BuildProcessNodeInternal(FMixerTrack* Track, TMap<FMixerTrack*, int32>& ProcessedTracks, int32 Layer);
+	void BuildInstrumentProcessNode(FPluginHost* PluginHost, TMap<FMixerTrack*, int32>& ProcessedTracks);
+	void BuildEffectChannelInterface(FMixerTrack* Track, FChannelInterface* ChannelInterface, TMap<FMixerTrack*, int32>& ProcessedTracks);
+
+	TMap<int32, TArray<FMixerTrack*>> LayerTracks;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/PluginHostList.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/PluginHostList.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2f45a49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/PluginHostList.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+#include "PluginHostList.h"
+
+#include "Paths.h"
+#include "PluginHost/PluginHost.h"
+#include "PortAudioAPI.h"
+#include "PluginHost/Sampler.h"
+#include "PluginHost/VST2PluginHost.h"
+#include "Thread/MainThreadEventList.h"
+#include "AudioBuffer/ChannelNode.h"
+#include "MixerList.h"
+#include "Mixer/MixerTrack.h"
+
+DEFINE_LOG_CATEGORY(LogPluginHostList);
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FPortAudioAPI, RegisterInstrument,
+FPluginHost* Host;
+)
+{
+	FPluginHostList::Get().RegisterInstrument_AudioThread(Args.Host);
+}
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FMainThreadEventList, OnPluginHostRemoved,
+FPluginHost* Host;
+)
+{
+	FPluginHostList::Get().OnPluginHostRemoved.Broadcast(Args.Host);
+}
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FPortAudioAPI, RemovePluginHost,
+FPluginHost* Host;
+)
+{
+	FPluginHostList::Get().Instruments.RemoveSingle(Args.Host);
+	FPluginHostList::Get().RemoveSingle(Args.Host);
+	delete Args.Host;
+	
+	PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(OnPluginHostRemoved, Args.Host);
+	FMixerList::Get().BuildProcessNode();
+}
+
+DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(FMainThreadEventList, OnInstrumentRegistered,
+FPluginHost* Host;
+)
+{
+	FPluginHostList::Get().OnInstrumentHostCreated.Broadcast(Args.Host);
+}
+
+void FPluginHostList::Init()
+{
+}
+
+void FPluginHostList::Release()
+{
+	for (FPluginHost* Element : *this)
+	{
+		for (FMixerTrack* Track : Element->OwnerTracks)
+		{
+			Track->Effects.RemoveSingle(Element);
+		}
+		delete Element;
+	}
+	Reset();
+}
+
+FPluginHost* FPluginHostList::TryLoadPlugin(const FString& Path)
+{
+	const FString& Extension = FPaths::GetExtension(Path);
+	FPluginHost* Host = nullptr;
+	if (Extension == "dll")
+	{
+		Host = new FVST2PluginHost();
+	}
+
+	if (!Host)
+	{
+		UE_LOG(LogPluginHostList, Error, TEXT("加载插件失败 %s: 未知的拓展名 %s"), *Path, *Extension);
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+	
+	if (Host->Load(Path))
+	{
+		Add(Host);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		delete Host;
+		Host = nullptr;
+	}
+	return Host;
+}
+
+FSampler* FPluginHostList::TryLoadSampler(const FString& SampleFilePath)
+{
+	FSampler* Sampler = new FSampler();
+	
+	if (Sampler->Load(SampleFilePath))
+	{
+		Add(Sampler);
+		RegisterInstrument(Sampler);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		delete Sampler;
+		Sampler = nullptr;
+	}
+	return Sampler;
+}
+
+void FPluginHostList::RegisterInstrument(FPluginHost* Host)
+{
+	if (Host)
+		PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(RegisterInstrument, Host);
+}
+
+void FPluginHostList::RemovePluginHost(FPluginHost* Host)
+{
+	if (Host)
+		PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(RemovePluginHost, Host);
+}
+
+void FPluginHostList::RemoveInstrument(FPluginHost* Host)
+{
+	if (!Host)
+		return;
+	for (FMixerTrack* OwnerTrack : Host->OwnerTracks)
+	{
+		FMixerList::Get().RemoveTrack(OwnerTrack);
+	}
+	Host->OwnerTracks.Reset();
+	PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(RemovePluginHost, Host);
+}
+
+void FPluginHostList::Process(int32 NumSamples)
+{
+	for (FPluginHost* Instrument : Instruments)
+	{
+		Instrument->Process(NumSamples);
+	}
+}
+
+void FPluginHostList::StopAllMidiOn()
+{
+	for (FPluginHost* Instrument : Instruments)
+	{
+		Instrument->IncomingMidi.addEvent(FMidiMessage::allNotesOff(1));
+	}
+}
+
+void FPluginHostList::RegisterInstrument_AudioThread(FPluginHost* Host)
+{
+	FInstrumentMixerTrack* MixerTrack = FMixerList::Get().CreateInstrumentTrack(Host);
+	Host->ChannelInterface->SetInputChannel(MixerTrack->GetChannelInterface()->OutputChannelNodes);
+	Host->ChannelInterface->SetOutputChannel(MixerTrack->GetChannelInterface()->OutputChannelNodes);
+	Host->OwnerTracks.Add(MixerTrack);
+	Instruments.Add(Host);
+	PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(OnInstrumentRegistered, Host);
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/PluginHostList.h b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/PluginHostList.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a3f4276
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/PluginHostList.h
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "Singleton.h"
+#include "Thread/ThreadMessage.h"
+
+class FSampler;
+class FPluginHost;
+
+DECLARE_LOG_CATEGORY_EXTERN(LogPluginHostList, Log, All);
+
+DECLARE_MULTICAST_DELEGATE_OneParam(FOnPluginHostEvent, FPluginHost*);
+
+class FPluginHostList : public TSingleton<FPluginHostList>, public TArray<FPluginHost*> 
+{
+	FRIEND_THREAD_MESSAGE(RegisterInstrument)
+public:
+	virtual void Init() override;
+	virtual void Release() override;
+
+	virtual FName GetName() override { return "PluginHostList"; }
+
+	FPluginHost* TryLoadPlugin(const FString& Path);
+	FSampler* TryLoadSampler(const FString& SampleFilePath);
+	void RegisterInstrument(FPluginHost* Host);
+	void RemovePluginHost(FPluginHost* Host);
+	void RemoveInstrument(FPluginHost* Host);
+
+	void Process(int32 NumSamples);
+	void StopAllMidiOn();
+
+	FOnPluginHostEvent OnPluginHostCreated;
+	FOnPluginHostEvent OnInstrumentHostCreated;
+	FOnPluginHostEvent OnPluginHostRemoved;
+
+	TArray<FPluginHost*> Instruments;
+private:
+	void RegisterInstrument_AudioThread(FPluginHost* Host);
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/PortAudioAPI.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/PortAudioAPI.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0f28c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/PortAudioAPI.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+#include "PortAudioAPI.h"
+
+#include "RunnableThread.h"
+#include "Thread/RenderThread.h"
+
+DEFINE_LOG_CATEGORY(PortAudioAPILog);
+
+int PortAudioCallback(const void* Input, void* Output, unsigned long FrameCount, const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo* TimeInfo, PaStreamCallbackFlags StatusFlags, void* UserData)
+{
+	FPortAudioAPI* API = static_cast<FPortAudioAPI*>(UserData);
+	return API->StreamCallback((SampleType**)Input, static_cast<SampleType**>(Output), FrameCount, TimeInfo, StatusFlags);
+}
+
+FPortAudioAPI::FPortAudioAPI() : InputParameters(), OutputParameters()
+{
+	StreamHandle = nullptr;
+	InputParameters.sampleFormat = SAMPLE_TYPE_FORMAT | paNonInterleaved;
+	OutputParameters.sampleFormat = SAMPLE_TYPE_FORMAT | paNonInterleaved;
+	BlockSize = 512;
+	SampleRate = 48000.0f;
+	RenderThread = new FAudioRenderThread();
+	RenderThreadHandle = nullptr;
+	OutputParameters.channelCount = 2;
+}
+
+void FPortAudioAPI::Init()
+{
+	Pa_Initialize();
+	OpenStream(0, 20);
+	// OpenStream(0, 1);
+	LogAllDevices();
+	UE_LOG(PortAudioAPILog, Log, TEXT("PortAudioAPI Initialized"));
+}
+
+void FPortAudioAPI::BeginRelease()
+{
+	Pa_Terminate();
+	if (RenderThreadHandle)
+		RenderThreadHandle->Kill();
+	UE_LOG(PortAudioAPILog, Log, TEXT("PortAudioAPI Released"));
+}
+
+void FPortAudioAPI::Release()
+{
+	
+}
+
+void FPortAudioAPI::OpenStream(int32 InputDevice, int32 OutputDevice)
+{
+	PaStreamParameters* Input = nullptr;
+	if (InputDevice > 0)
+	{
+		InputParameters.device = InputDevice;
+		InputParameters.channelCount = 2;
+	}
+
+	OutputParameters.device = OutputDevice;
+	OutputParameters.channelCount = 2;
+	
+	RenderThread->SampleRate = SampleRate;
+	PaError PaError = Pa_OpenStream(&StreamHandle, Input, &OutputParameters, SampleRate, BlockSize, paClipOff, PortAudioCallback, this);
+	if (PaError != paNoError)
+	{
+		UE_LOG(PortAudioAPILog, Error, TEXT("Failed to open stream: %s"), ANSI_TO_TCHAR(Pa_GetErrorText(PaError)));
+		return;
+	}
+	UE_LOG(PortAudioAPILog, Log, TEXT("%s opend"), ANSI_TO_TCHAR(Pa_GetDeviceInfo(OutputDevice)->name));
+	RenderThread->SetBlockSize(BlockSize);
+	RenderThreadHandle = FRunnableThread::Create(RenderThread, TEXT("AudioRenderThread"), 0, TPri_TimeCritical);
+
+	// while (RenderThread->Buffer.Num() < RenderThread->Size - BlockSize * 2)
+	// {
+	// 	FPlatformProcess::Sleep(0.01f);
+	// }
+
+	PaError = Pa_StartStream(StreamHandle);
+	if (PaError != paNoError)
+	{
+		UE_LOG(PortAudioAPILog, Error, TEXT("Failed to start stream: %s"), ANSI_TO_TCHAR(Pa_GetErrorText(PaError)));
+	}
+}
+
+TArray<FAudioDeviceInfo> FPortAudioAPI::GetDevices()
+{
+	TArray<FAudioDeviceInfo> Out;
+	const PaDeviceIndex Count = Pa_GetDeviceCount();
+	for (int i = 0; i < Count; ++i)
+	{
+		const PaDeviceInfo* DeviceInfo = Pa_GetDeviceInfo(i);
+		FAudioDeviceInfo& Info = Out.Add_GetRef(FAudioDeviceInfo());
+		Info.Name = DeviceInfo->name;
+		Info.DeviceIndex = i;
+		Info.MaxInputChannels = DeviceInfo->maxInputChannels;
+		Info.MaxOutputChannels = DeviceInfo->maxOutputChannels;
+		Info.DefaultSampleRate = DeviceInfo->defaultSampleRate;
+	}
+	
+	return Out;
+}
+
+TArray<FAudioHostInfo> FPortAudioAPI::GetHosts()
+{
+	TArray<FAudioHostInfo> Out;
+	const PaHostApiIndex Count = Pa_GetHostApiCount();
+	for (int i = 0; i < Count; ++i)
+	{
+		const PaHostApiInfo* ApiInfo = Pa_GetHostApiInfo(i);
+		FAudioHostInfo& Info = Out.Add_GetRef(FAudioHostInfo());
+		Info.Name = ApiInfo->name;
+		Info.ID = static_cast<EHostApiID>(ApiInfo->type);
+		Info.DeviceCount = ApiInfo->deviceCount;
+		Info.DefaultInputDevice = ApiInfo->defaultInputDevice;
+		Info.DefaultOutputDevice = ApiInfo->defaultOutputDevice;
+	}
+	return Out;
+}
+
+void FPortAudioAPI::LogAllDevices()
+{
+	const PaDeviceIndex Count = Pa_GetDeviceCount();
+	for (int i = 0; i < Count; ++i)
+	{
+		const PaDeviceInfo* DeviceInfo = Pa_GetDeviceInfo(i);
+		UE_LOG(PortAudioAPILog, Log, TEXT("Device %d: %s"), i, ANSI_TO_TCHAR(DeviceInfo->name));
+	}
+}
+
+int32 FPortAudioAPI::GetOutputChannelCount() const
+{
+	return OutputParameters.channelCount;
+}
+
+bool FPortAudioAPI::IsInAudioThread()
+{
+	const FRunnableThread* ThreadHandle = Get().RenderThreadHandle;
+	return ThreadHandle ? ThreadHandle->GetThreadID() == FPlatformTLS::GetCurrentThreadId() : true; // 如果没有RenderThreadHandle，说明没有初始化，那么就认为是在AudioThread中 
+}
+
+int FPortAudioAPI::StreamCallback(SampleType** Input, SampleType** Output, unsigned long FrameCount, const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo* TimeInfo, PaStreamCallbackFlags StatusFlags)
+{
+	Audio::TCircularAudioBuffer<SampleType>& Buffer = RenderThread->Buffer;
+	if (Buffer.Num() < FrameCount * OutputParameters.channelCount)
+		return paContinue;
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < OutputParameters.channelCount; ++i)
+	{
+		Buffer.Pop(Output[i], FrameCount);
+	}
+	return paContinue;
+}
+
+float FPortAudioAPI::GetBufferLoad()
+{
+	return RenderThread->Buffer.Num() / (float)RenderThread->Size;
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/PortAudioAPI.h b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/PortAudioAPI.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fdf819d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/PortAudioAPI.h
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "Singleton.h"
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_type.h"
+
+class FAudioRenderThread;
+DECLARE_LOG_CATEGORY_EXTERN(PortAudioAPILog, Log, All);
+
+class FPortAudioAPI : public TSingleton<FPortAudioAPI>
+{
+public:
+	FPortAudioAPI();
+	virtual void Init() override;
+	virtual void BeginRelease() override;
+	virtual void Release() override;
+
+	void OpenStream(int32 InputDevice, int32 OutputDevice);
+	
+	TArray<FAudioDeviceInfo> GetDevices();
+	TArray<FAudioHostInfo> GetHosts();
+
+	void LogAllDevices();
+	
+	virtual FName GetName() override { return "PortAudioAPI"; }
+
+	float SampleRate;
+	int32 BlockSize;
+	int32 GetOutputChannelCount() const;
+
+	static bool IsInAudioThread();
+	
+	// PortAudio Callback (Internally called by callback function)
+	int StreamCallback(SampleType** Input, SampleType** Output, unsigned long FrameCount, const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo* TimeInfo, PaStreamCallbackFlags StatusFlags);
+
+	float GetBufferLoad();
+private:
+	FAudioRenderThread* RenderThread;
+	FRunnableThread* RenderThreadHandle;
+	PaStream* StreamHandle;
+
+	PaStreamParameters InputParameters;
+	PaStreamParameters OutputParameters;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/Singleton.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/Singleton.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c52646c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/Singleton.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+#include "Singleton.h"
+
+DEFINE_LOG_CATEGORY(SingletonLog);
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/Singleton.h b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/Singleton.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..42680a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Singleton/Singleton.h
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+#include "Queue.h"
+#include "Thread/ThreadMessage.h"
+
+DECLARE_LOG_CATEGORY_EXTERN(SingletonLog, Log, All);
+
+template<class T>
+class TSingletonImpl
+{
+public:
+	static T& Get()
+	{
+		static T Instance;
+		return Instance;
+	}
+};
+
+class ISingleton
+{
+public:
+	virtual ~ISingleton() = default;
+	virtual void Init() {}
+	virtual void PostInit() {}
+	virtual void BeginRelease() {}
+	virtual void Release() {}
+
+	void ProcessMessage()
+	{
+		while (!MessageQueue.IsEmpty())
+		{
+			FThreadMessage* Message = nullptr;
+			MessageQueue.Dequeue(Message);
+			UE_LOG(SingletonLog, Log, TEXT("%s: Processing message %s"), *GetName().ToString(), *Message->GetName().ToString());
+			Message->Do();
+			FreeMessage(Message);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	virtual void PushMessage(FThreadMessage* Data)
+	{
+		UE_LOG(SingletonLog, Log, TEXT("%s: Pushing message %s"), *GetName().ToString(), *Data->GetName().ToString());
+		MessageQueue.Enqueue(Data);
+	}
+	virtual void FreeMessage(FThreadMessage* Data) { delete Data; }
+	virtual FName GetName() { return "ISingleton"; }
+private:
+	TQueue<FThreadMessage*, EQueueMode::Mpsc> MessageQueue;
+};
+
+template<class T>
+class TSingleton : public TSingletonImpl<T>, public ISingleton
+{
+    
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Thread/MainThreadEventList.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Thread/MainThreadEventList.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4aeecde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Thread/MainThreadEventList.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#include "MainThreadEventList.h"
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Thread/MainThreadEventList.h b/Source/AronaCore/Thread/MainThreadEventList.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a3a232e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Thread/MainThreadEventList.h
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "Queue.h"
+#include "Singleton/Singleton.h"
+#include "ThreadMessage.h"
+
+#define PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(Message, ...) (new FThreadMessage_##Message(FThreadMessage_##Message::FArgs{__VA_ARGS__}))->PushToThread()
+
+// #define PUSH_THREAD_EVENT(Thread, Message, ...) Thread::Get().PushMessage(new FThreadMessage_##Message(FThreadMessage_##Message::FArgs{__VA_ARGS__}))
+
+class FMainThreadEventList : public TSingleton<FMainThreadEventList>, public TQueue<FThreadMessage*, EQueueMode::Mpsc>
+{
+public:
+	virtual FName GetName() override { return "MainThread"; }
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Thread/RenderThread.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Thread/RenderThread.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c98d9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Thread/RenderThread.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+#include "RenderThread.h"
+
+#include "HAL/PlatformProcess.h"
+#include "Singleton/MidiSequencer.h"
+#include "Singleton/MixerList.h"
+#include "Mixer/MixerTrack.h"
+#include "PluginHost/PluginHost.h"
+#include "Singleton/PluginHostList.h"
+
+void FInstrumentRenderThread::DoThreadedWork()
+{
+	PluginHost->Process(FrameNum);
+	--Counter;
+}
+
+FAudioRenderThread::FAudioRenderThread()
+{
+	BlockSize = 512;
+	Size = BlockSize * 16;
+	IsRunning = true;
+}
+
+bool FAudioRenderThread::Init()
+{
+	ThreadPool = FQueuedThreadPool::Allocate();
+	ThreadPool->Create(FPlatformMisc::NumberOfIOWorkerThreadsToSpawn() * 2, 128 * 1024);
+	Buffer.SetCapacity(Size);
+	return true;
+}
+
+uint32 FAudioRenderThread::Run()
+{
+	FPortAudioAPI& AudioAPI = FPortAudioAPI::Get();
+	FMixerList& MixerList = FMixerList::Get();
+	FPluginHostList& PluginHostList = FPluginHostList::Get();
+	FMidiSequencer& MidiSequencer = FMidiSequencer::Get();
+
+	FMixerTrack* MasterTrack = MixerList.GetMaster();
+
+	while (IsRunning.load())
+	{
+		const float Seconds = 1.f / (SampleRate / (BlockSize / 4));
+
+		AudioAPI.ProcessMessage();
+		if (Buffer.Num() >= Size)
+		{
+			FPlatformProcess::Sleep(Seconds);
+			continue;
+		}
+		MixerList.ResetAllTracks();
+		
+		MidiSequencer.Process(SampleRate, BlockSize);
+		TAtomic<int32> LeftTask = PluginHostList.Instruments.Num();
+		
+		for (FPluginHost* PluginHost : PluginHostList.Instruments)
+		{
+			ThreadPool->AddQueuedWork(new FInstrumentRenderThread(PluginHost, BlockSize, LeftTask));
+		}
+
+		while (LeftTask.Load() > 0)
+		{
+			FPlatformProcess::Sleep(Seconds);
+		}
+		
+		MixerList.Process(BlockSize);
+	
+		float** Headers = MasterTrack->Buffer.GetHeaders();
+
+		for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
+			Buffer.Push(Headers[i], BlockSize);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void FAudioRenderThread::Stop()
+{
+	IsRunning.store(false);
+}
+
+void FAudioRenderThread::Exit()
+{
+	ThreadPool->Destroy();
+	delete ThreadPool;
+	ThreadPool = nullptr;
+}
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Thread/RenderThread.h b/Source/AronaCore/Thread/RenderThread.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da58121
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Thread/RenderThread.h
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "Dsp.h"
+#include "IQueuedWork.h"
+#include "RingBuffer.h"
+#include "Runnable.h"
+#include "Singleton/PortAudioAPI.h"
+#include "QueuedThreadPool.h"
+#include "HAL/ThreadingBase.h"
+
+class FPluginHost;
+
+class FInstrumentRenderThread : public IQueuedWork
+{
+public:
+	FInstrumentRenderThread(FPluginHost* InPluginHost, int32 InFrameNum, TAtomic<int32>& InCounter) :
+		PluginHost(InPluginHost), FrameNum(InFrameNum), Counter(InCounter)
+	{
+	}
+
+	virtual void DoThreadedWork() override;
+	virtual void Abandon() override { --Counter; delete this; }
+private:
+	FPluginHost* PluginHost;
+	int32 FrameNum;
+	TAtomic<int32>& Counter;
+};
+
+class FAudioRenderThread : public FRunnable
+{
+public:
+	FAudioRenderThread();
+	virtual bool Init() override;
+	virtual uint32 Run() override;
+	virtual void Stop() override;
+	virtual void Exit() override;
+
+	void SetBlockSize(int32 InBlockSize) { BlockSize = InBlockSize; Size = BlockSize * 16; Buffer.SetCapacity(Size); }
+	
+	float SampleRate;
+	int32 BlockSize;
+	uint32 Size;
+	Audio::TCircularAudioBuffer<SampleType> Buffer;
+private:
+	std::atomic<bool> IsRunning;
+	FQueuedThreadPool* ThreadPool;
+};
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Thread/ThreadMessage.cpp b/Source/AronaCore/Thread/ThreadMessage.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f153311
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Thread/ThreadMessage.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#include "ThreadMessage.h"
diff --git a/Source/AronaCore/Thread/ThreadMessage.h b/Source/AronaCore/Thread/ThreadMessage.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..36896a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/AronaCore/Thread/ThreadMessage.h
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#define SEND_THREAD_MESSAGE(Target, Message) Target::Get().ReceiveMessage(Message)
+
+class ISingleton;
+
+class FThreadMessage
+{
+public:
+	virtual ~FThreadMessage() {}
+	virtual void Do() = 0;
+	virtual ISingleton* GetTarget() { return nullptr; }
+	virtual FName GetName() { return NAME_None; }
+};
+
+#define THREAD_MESSAGE_PARAM()
+
+#define DECLARE_THREAD_MESSAGE(Target, ClassName, Param) \
+	class FThreadMessage_##ClassName : public FThreadMessage \
+	{ \
+		public: \
+			virtual ISingleton* GetTarget() override { return &Target::Get(); } \
+			virtual FName GetName() override { return #ClassName; } \
+			struct FArgs{ \
+				Param \
+			};\
+		void PushToThread() { GetTarget()->PushMessage(this); } \
+			FThreadMessage_##ClassName(FArgs InArgs) : Args(InArgs) {} \
+		public: \
+			virtual void Do() override { Private_Do(); } \
+		private: \
+			void Private_Do(); \
+			FArgs Args; \
+	}; \
+		void FThreadMessage_##ClassName::Private_Do()
+
+#define DECLARE_PROMISE_THREAD_MESSAGE(Target, ClassName, Return, Param) \
+	class FThreadMessage_##ClassName : public FThreadMessage \
+	{ \
+		TPromise<Return> Promise; \
+		public: \
+			virtual ISingleton* GetTarget() override { return &Target::Get(); } \
+			virtual FName GetName() override { return #ClassName; } \
+		struct FArgs{ \
+			Param \
+		};\
+		void Done(Return Result) { Promise.SetValue(Result); } \
+		TFuture<Return> PushToThread() { GetTarget()->PushMessage(this); return Promise.GetFuture(); }\
+		FThreadMessage_##ClassName(FArgs InArgs) : Args(InArgs) { Promise = TPromise<Return>(); } \
+	public: \
+		virtual void Do() override { Private_Do(); } \
+	private: \
+		void Private_Do(); \
+		FArgs Args; \
+	}; \
+	void FThreadMessage_##ClassName::Private_Do()
+	
+
+#define FRIEND_THREAD_MESSAGE(ClassName) friend class FThreadMessage_##ClassName;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/alsa/pa_linux_alsa.c b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/alsa/pa_linux_alsa.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..71a43c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/alsa/pa_linux_alsa.c
@@ -0,0 +1,4693 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * Latest Version at: http://www.portaudio.com
+ * ALSA implementation by Joshua Haberman and Arve Knudsen
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2002 Joshua Haberman <joshua@haberman.com>
+ * Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Arve Knudsen <arve.knudsen@gmail.com>
+ * Copyright (c) 2008 Kevin Kofler <kevin.kofler@chello.at>
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/**
+ @file
+ @ingroup hostapi_src
+*/
+
+#define ALSA_PCM_NEW_HW_PARAMS_API
+#define ALSA_PCM_NEW_SW_PARAMS_API
+#include <alsa/asoundlib.h>
+#undef ALSA_PCM_NEW_HW_PARAMS_API
+#undef ALSA_PCM_NEW_SW_PARAMS_API
+
+#include <sys/poll.h>
+#include <string.h> /* strlen() */
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <signal.h> /* For sig_atomic_t */
+#ifdef PA_ALSA_DYNAMIC
+    #include <dlfcn.h> /* For dlXXX functions */
+#endif
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_util.h"
+#include "pa_unix_util.h"
+#include "pa_allocation.h"
+#include "pa_hostapi.h"
+#include "pa_stream.h"
+#include "pa_cpuload.h"
+#include "pa_process.h"
+#include "pa_endianness.h"
+#include "pa_debugprint.h"
+
+#include "pa_linux_alsa.h"
+
+/* Add missing define (for compatibility with older ALSA versions) */
+#ifndef SND_PCM_TSTAMP_ENABLE
+    #define SND_PCM_TSTAMP_ENABLE SND_PCM_TSTAMP_MMAP
+#endif
+
+/* Combine version elements into a single (unsigned) integer */
+#define ALSA_VERSION_INT(major, minor, subminor)  ((major << 16) | (minor << 8) | subminor)
+
+/* The acceptable tolerance of sample rate set, to that requested (as a ratio, eg 50 is 2%, 100 is 1%) */
+#define RATE_MAX_DEVIATE_RATIO 100
+
+/* Defines Alsa function types and pointers to these functions. */
+#define _PA_DEFINE_FUNC(x)  typedef typeof(x) x##_ft; static x##_ft *alsa_##x = 0
+
+/* Alloca helper. */
+#define __alsa_snd_alloca(ptr,type) do { size_t __alsa_alloca_size = alsa_##type##_sizeof(); (*ptr) = (type##_t *) alloca(__alsa_alloca_size); memset(*ptr, 0, __alsa_alloca_size); } while (0)
+
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_open);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_close);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_nonblock);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_frames_to_bytes);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_prepare);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_start);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_resume);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_wait);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_state);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_avail_update);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_areas_silence);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_mmap_begin);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_mmap_commit);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_readi);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_readn);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_writei);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_writen);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_drain);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_recover);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_drop);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_area_copy);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_poll_descriptors);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_poll_descriptors_count);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_poll_descriptors_revents);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_format_size);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_link);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_delay);
+
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_sizeof);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_malloc);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_free);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_any);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_access);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_format);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_channels);
+//_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_periods_near);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_near); //!!!
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_resample);
+//_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_time_near);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_size);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_size_near); //!!!
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_size_min);
+//_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_time_near);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_size_near);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_periods_integer);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_periods_min);
+
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_size);
+//_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size);
+//_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_access);
+//_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_periods);
+//_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_rate);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_channels_min);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_channels_max);
+
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_test_period_size);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_test_access);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_dump);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params);
+
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_periods_min);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_periods_max);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_size);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size_min);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size_max);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_size_max);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_rate_min);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_rate_max);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_rate_numden);
+#define alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_alloca(ptr) __alsa_snd_alloca(ptr, snd_pcm_hw_params)
+
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_sizeof);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_malloc);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_current);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_set_avail_min);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_free);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_set_start_threshold);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_set_stop_threshold);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_get_boundary);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_set_silence_threshold);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_set_silence_size);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_set_xfer_align);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_set_tstamp_mode);
+#define alsa_snd_pcm_sw_params_alloca(ptr) __alsa_snd_alloca(ptr, snd_pcm_sw_params)
+
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_info);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_info_sizeof);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_info_malloc);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_info_free);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_info_set_device);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_info_set_subdevice);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_info_set_stream);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_info_get_name);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_info_get_card);
+#define alsa_snd_pcm_info_alloca(ptr) __alsa_snd_alloca(ptr, snd_pcm_info)
+
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_ctl_pcm_next_device);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_ctl_pcm_info);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_ctl_open);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_ctl_close);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_ctl_card_info_malloc);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_ctl_card_info_free);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_ctl_card_info);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_ctl_card_info_sizeof);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_ctl_card_info_get_name);
+#define alsa_snd_ctl_card_info_alloca(ptr) __alsa_snd_alloca(ptr, snd_ctl_card_info)
+
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_config);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_config_update);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_config_search);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_config_iterator_entry);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_config_iterator_first);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_config_iterator_end);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_config_iterator_next);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_config_get_string);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_config_get_id);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_config_update_free_global);
+
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_status);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_status_sizeof);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_status_get_tstamp);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_status_get_htstamp);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_status_get_state);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_status_get_trigger_tstamp);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_status_get_trigger_htstamp);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_pcm_status_get_delay);
+#define alsa_snd_pcm_status_alloca(ptr) __alsa_snd_alloca(ptr, snd_pcm_status)
+
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_card_next);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_asoundlib_version);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_strerror);
+_PA_DEFINE_FUNC(snd_output_stdio_attach);
+
+#define alsa_snd_config_for_each(pos, next, node)\
+    for (pos = alsa_snd_config_iterator_first(node),\
+         next = alsa_snd_config_iterator_next(pos);\
+         pos != alsa_snd_config_iterator_end(node); pos = next, next = alsa_snd_config_iterator_next(pos))
+
+#undef _PA_DEFINE_FUNC
+
+/* Redefine 'PA_ALSA_PATHNAME' to a different Alsa library name if desired. */
+#ifndef PA_ALSA_PATHNAME
+    #define PA_ALSA_PATHNAME "libasound.so.2"
+#endif
+static const char *g_AlsaLibName = PA_ALSA_PATHNAME;
+
+/* Handle to dynamically loaded library. */
+static void *g_AlsaLib = NULL;
+
+#ifdef PA_ALSA_DYNAMIC
+
+#define _PA_LOCAL_IMPL(x) __pa_local_##x
+
+int _PA_LOCAL_IMPL(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_near) (snd_pcm_t *pcm, snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params, unsigned int *val, int *dir)
+{
+    int ret;
+
+    if(( ret = alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate(pcm, params, (*val), (*dir)) ) < 0 )
+        return ret;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int _PA_LOCAL_IMPL(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_size_near) (snd_pcm_t *pcm, snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params, snd_pcm_uframes_t *val)
+{
+    int ret;
+
+    if(( ret = alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_size(pcm, params, (*val)) ) < 0 )
+        return ret;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int _PA_LOCAL_IMPL(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_size_near) (snd_pcm_t *pcm, snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params, snd_pcm_uframes_t *val, int *dir)
+{
+    int ret;
+
+    if(( ret = alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_size(pcm, params, (*val), (*dir)) ) < 0 )
+        return ret;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int _PA_LOCAL_IMPL(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_channels_min) (const snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params, unsigned int *val)
+{
+    (*val) = 1;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int _PA_LOCAL_IMPL(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_channels_max) (const snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params, unsigned int *val)
+{
+    (*val) = 2;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int _PA_LOCAL_IMPL(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_periods_min) (const snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params, unsigned int *val, int *dir)
+{
+    (*val) = 2;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int _PA_LOCAL_IMPL(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_periods_max) (const snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params, unsigned int *val, int *dir)
+{
+    (*val) = 8;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int _PA_LOCAL_IMPL(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size_min) (const snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params, snd_pcm_uframes_t *frames, int *dir)
+{
+    (*frames) = 64;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int _PA_LOCAL_IMPL(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size_max) (const snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params, snd_pcm_uframes_t *frames, int *dir)
+{
+    (*frames) = 512;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int _PA_LOCAL_IMPL(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_size_max) (const snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params, snd_pcm_uframes_t *val)
+{
+    int ret;
+    int dir                = 0;
+    snd_pcm_uframes_t pmax = 0;
+    unsigned int      pcnt = 0;
+
+    dir = 0;
+    if(( ret = _PA_LOCAL_IMPL(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size_max)(params, &pmax, &dir) ) < 0 )
+        return ret;
+    dir = 0;
+    if(( ret = _PA_LOCAL_IMPL(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_periods_max)(params, &pcnt, &dir) ) < 0 )
+        return ret;
+
+    (*val) = pmax * pcnt;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int _PA_LOCAL_IMPL(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_rate_min) (const snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params, unsigned int *val, int *dir)
+{
+    (*val) = 44100;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int _PA_LOCAL_IMPL(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_rate_max) (const snd_pcm_hw_params_t *params, unsigned int *val, int *dir)
+{
+    (*val) = 44100;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#endif // PA_ALSA_DYNAMIC
+
+/* Trying to load Alsa library dynamically if 'PA_ALSA_DYNAMIC' is defined, othervise
+   will link during compilation.
+*/
+static int PaAlsa_LoadLibrary()
+{
+#ifdef PA_ALSA_DYNAMIC
+
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: loading ALSA library file - %s\n", __FUNCTION__, g_AlsaLibName ));
+
+    dlerror();
+    g_AlsaLib = dlopen(g_AlsaLibName, (RTLD_NOW|RTLD_GLOBAL) );
+    if (g_AlsaLib == NULL)
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: failed dlopen() ALSA library file - %s, error: %s\n", __FUNCTION__, g_AlsaLibName, dlerror() ));
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: loading ALSA API\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+
+    #define _PA_LOAD_FUNC(x) do {             \
+        alsa_##x = dlsym( g_AlsaLib, #x );      \
+        if( alsa_##x == NULL ) {               \
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: symbol [%s] not found in - %s, error: %s\n", __FUNCTION__, #x, g_AlsaLibName, dlerror() )); }\
+        } while(0)
+
+#else
+
+    #define _PA_LOAD_FUNC(x) alsa_##x = &x
+
+#endif
+
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_open);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_close);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_nonblock);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_frames_to_bytes);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_prepare);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_start);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_resume);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_wait);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_state);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_avail_update);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_areas_silence);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_mmap_begin);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_mmap_commit);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_readi);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_readn);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_writei);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_writen);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_drain);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_recover);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_drop);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_area_copy);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_poll_descriptors);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_poll_descriptors_count);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_poll_descriptors_revents);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_format_size);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_link);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_delay);
+
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_sizeof);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_malloc);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_free);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_any);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_access);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_format);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_channels);
+//    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_periods_near);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_near);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_resample);
+//    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_time_near);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_size);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_size_near);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_size_min);
+//    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_time_near);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_size_near);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_periods_integer);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_periods_min);
+
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_size);
+//    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size);
+//    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_access);
+//    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_periods);
+//    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_rate);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_channels_min);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_channels_max);
+
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_test_period_size);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_test_access);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_dump);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params);
+
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_periods_min);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_periods_max);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_size);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size_min);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size_max);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_size_max);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_rate_min);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_rate_max);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_rate_numden);
+
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_sizeof);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_malloc);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_current);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_set_avail_min);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_free);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_set_start_threshold);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_set_stop_threshold);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_get_boundary);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_set_silence_threshold);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_set_silence_size);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_set_xfer_align);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_sw_params_set_tstamp_mode);
+
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_info);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_info_sizeof);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_info_malloc);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_info_free);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_info_set_device);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_info_set_subdevice);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_info_set_stream);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_info_get_name);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_info_get_card);
+
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_ctl_pcm_next_device);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_ctl_pcm_info);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_ctl_open);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_ctl_close);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_ctl_card_info_malloc);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_ctl_card_info_free);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_ctl_card_info);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_ctl_card_info_sizeof);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_ctl_card_info_get_name);
+
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_config);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_config_update);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_config_search);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_config_iterator_entry);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_config_iterator_first);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_config_iterator_end);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_config_iterator_next);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_config_get_string);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_config_get_id);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_config_update_free_global);
+
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_status);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_status_sizeof);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_status_get_tstamp);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_status_get_htstamp);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_status_get_state);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_status_get_trigger_tstamp);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_status_get_trigger_htstamp);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_pcm_status_get_delay);
+
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_card_next);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_asoundlib_version);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_strerror);
+    _PA_LOAD_FUNC(snd_output_stdio_attach);
+#undef _PA_LOAD_FUNC
+
+#ifdef PA_ALSA_DYNAMIC
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: loaded ALSA API - ok\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+
+#define _PA_VALIDATE_LOAD_REPLACEMENT(x)\
+    do {\
+        if( alsa_##x == NULL )\
+        {\
+            alsa_##x = &_PA_LOCAL_IMPL(x);\
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: replacing [%s] with local implementation\n", __FUNCTION__, #x ));\
+        }\
+    } while (0)
+
+    _PA_VALIDATE_LOAD_REPLACEMENT(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_near);
+    _PA_VALIDATE_LOAD_REPLACEMENT(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_size_near);
+    _PA_VALIDATE_LOAD_REPLACEMENT(snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_size_near);
+    _PA_VALIDATE_LOAD_REPLACEMENT(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_channels_min);
+    _PA_VALIDATE_LOAD_REPLACEMENT(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_channels_max);
+    _PA_VALIDATE_LOAD_REPLACEMENT(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_periods_min);
+    _PA_VALIDATE_LOAD_REPLACEMENT(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_periods_max);
+    _PA_VALIDATE_LOAD_REPLACEMENT(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size_min);
+    _PA_VALIDATE_LOAD_REPLACEMENT(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size_max);
+    _PA_VALIDATE_LOAD_REPLACEMENT(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_size_max);
+    _PA_VALIDATE_LOAD_REPLACEMENT(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_rate_min);
+    _PA_VALIDATE_LOAD_REPLACEMENT(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_rate_max);
+
+#undef _PA_LOCAL_IMPL
+#undef _PA_VALIDATE_LOAD_REPLACEMENT
+
+#endif // PA_ALSA_DYNAMIC
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+void PaAlsa_SetLibraryPathName( const char *pathName )
+{
+#ifdef PA_ALSA_DYNAMIC
+    g_AlsaLibName = pathName;
+#else
+    (void)pathName;
+#endif
+}
+
+/* Close handle to Alsa library. */
+static void PaAlsa_CloseLibrary()
+{
+#ifdef PA_ALSA_DYNAMIC
+    dlclose(g_AlsaLib);
+    g_AlsaLib = NULL;
+#endif
+}
+
+/* Check return value of ALSA function, and map it to PaError */
+#define ENSURE_(expr, code) \
+    do { \
+        int __pa_unsure_error_id;\
+        if( UNLIKELY( (__pa_unsure_error_id = (expr)) < 0 ) ) \
+        { \
+            /* PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo should only be used in the main thread */ \
+            if( (code) == paUnanticipatedHostError && pthread_equal( pthread_self(), paUnixMainThread) ) \
+            { \
+                PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( paALSA, __pa_unsure_error_id, alsa_snd_strerror( __pa_unsure_error_id ) ); \
+            } \
+            PaUtil_DebugPrint( "Expression '" #expr "' failed in '" __FILE__ "', line: " PA_STRINGIZE( __LINE__ ) "\n" ); \
+            if( (code) == paUnanticipatedHostError ) \
+                PA_DEBUG(( "Host error description: %s\n", alsa_snd_strerror( __pa_unsure_error_id ) )); \
+            result = (code); \
+            goto error; \
+        } \
+    } while (0)
+
+#define ASSERT_CALL_(expr, success) \
+    do {\
+        int __pa_assert_error_id;\
+        __pa_assert_error_id = (expr);\
+        assert( success == __pa_assert_error_id );\
+    } while (0)
+
+static int numPeriods_ = 4;
+static int busyRetries_ = 100;
+
+int PaAlsa_SetNumPeriods( int numPeriods )
+{
+    numPeriods_ = numPeriods;
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+typedef enum
+{
+    StreamDirection_In,
+    StreamDirection_Out
+} StreamDirection;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    PaSampleFormat hostSampleFormat;
+    int numUserChannels, numHostChannels;
+    int userInterleaved, hostInterleaved;
+    int canMmap;
+    void *nonMmapBuffer;
+    unsigned int nonMmapBufferSize;
+    PaDeviceIndex device;     /* Keep the device index */
+    int deviceIsPlug; /* Distinguish plug types from direct 'hw:' devices */
+    int useReventFix; /* Alsa older than 1.0.16, plug devices need a fix */
+
+    snd_pcm_t *pcm;
+    snd_pcm_uframes_t framesPerPeriod, alsaBufferSize;
+    snd_pcm_format_t nativeFormat;
+    unsigned int nfds;
+    int ready;  /* Marked ready from poll */
+    void **userBuffers;
+    snd_pcm_uframes_t offset;
+    StreamDirection streamDir;
+
+    snd_pcm_channel_area_t *channelAreas;  /* Needed for channel adaption */
+} PaAlsaStreamComponent;
+
+/* Implementation specific stream structure */
+typedef struct PaAlsaStream
+{
+    PaUtilStreamRepresentation streamRepresentation;
+    PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer cpuLoadMeasurer;
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor bufferProcessor;
+    PaUnixThread thread;
+
+    unsigned long framesPerUserBuffer, maxFramesPerHostBuffer;
+
+    int primeBuffers;
+    int callbackMode;              /* bool: are we running in callback mode? */
+    int pcmsSynced;                /* Have we successfully synced pcms */
+    int rtSched;
+
+    /* the callback thread uses these to poll the sound device(s), waiting
+     * for data to be ready/available */
+    struct pollfd* pfds;
+    int pollTimeout;
+
+    /* Used in communication between threads */
+    volatile sig_atomic_t callback_finished; /* bool: are we in the "callback finished" state? */
+    volatile sig_atomic_t callbackAbort;    /* Drop frames? */
+    volatile sig_atomic_t isActive;         /* Is stream in active state? (Between StartStream and StopStream || !paContinue) */
+    PaUnixMutex stateMtx;                   /* Used to synchronize access to stream state */
+
+    int neverDropInput;
+
+    PaTime underrun;
+    PaTime overrun;
+
+    PaAlsaStreamComponent capture, playback;
+}
+PaAlsaStream;
+
+/* PaAlsaHostApiRepresentation - host api datastructure specific to this implementation */
+
+typedef struct PaAlsaHostApiRepresentation
+{
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation baseHostApiRep;
+    PaUtilStreamInterface callbackStreamInterface;
+    PaUtilStreamInterface blockingStreamInterface;
+
+    PaUtilAllocationGroup *allocations;
+
+    PaHostApiIndex hostApiIndex;
+    PaUint32 alsaLibVersion; /* Retrieved from the library at run-time */
+}
+PaAlsaHostApiRepresentation;
+
+typedef struct PaAlsaDeviceInfo
+{
+    PaDeviceInfo baseDeviceInfo;
+    char *alsaName;
+    int isPlug;
+    int minInputChannels;
+    int minOutputChannels;
+}
+PaAlsaDeviceInfo;
+
+/* prototypes for functions declared in this file */
+
+static void Terminate( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi );
+static PaError IsFormatSupported( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                  double sampleRate );
+static PaError OpenStream( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                           PaStream** s,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                           double sampleRate,
+                           unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                           PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                           PaStreamCallback *callback,
+                           void *userData );
+static PaError CloseStream( PaStream* stream );
+static PaError StartStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError StopStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError AbortStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError IsStreamStopped( PaStream *s );
+static PaError IsStreamActive( PaStream *stream );
+static PaTime GetStreamTime( PaStream *stream );
+static double GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream* stream );
+static PaError BuildDeviceList( PaAlsaHostApiRepresentation *hostApi );
+static int SetApproximateSampleRate( snd_pcm_t *pcm, snd_pcm_hw_params_t *hwParams, double sampleRate );
+static int GetExactSampleRate( snd_pcm_hw_params_t *hwParams, double *sampleRate );
+static PaUint32 PaAlsaVersionNum(void);
+
+/* Callback prototypes */
+static void *CallbackThreadFunc( void *userData );
+
+/* Blocking prototypes */
+static signed long GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream* s );
+static signed long GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream* s );
+static PaError ReadStream( PaStream* stream, void *buffer, unsigned long frames );
+static PaError WriteStream( PaStream* stream, const void *buffer, unsigned long frames );
+
+
+static const PaAlsaDeviceInfo *GetDeviceInfo( const PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi, int device )
+{
+    return (const PaAlsaDeviceInfo *)hostApi->deviceInfos[device];
+}
+
+/** Uncommented because AlsaErrorHandler is unused for anything good yet. If AlsaErrorHandler is
+    to be used, do not forget to register this callback in PaAlsa_Initialize, and unregister in Terminate.
+*/
+/*static void AlsaErrorHandler(const char *file, int line, const char *function, int err, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+}*/
+
+PaError PaAlsa_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex hostApiIndex )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAlsaHostApiRepresentation *alsaHostApi = NULL;
+
+    /* Try loading Alsa library. */
+    if (!PaAlsa_LoadLibrary())
+        return paHostApiNotFound;
+
+    PA_UNLESS( alsaHostApi = (PaAlsaHostApiRepresentation*) PaUtil_AllocateMemory(
+                sizeof(PaAlsaHostApiRepresentation) ), paInsufficientMemory );
+    PA_UNLESS( alsaHostApi->allocations = PaUtil_CreateAllocationGroup(), paInsufficientMemory );
+    alsaHostApi->hostApiIndex = hostApiIndex;
+    alsaHostApi->alsaLibVersion = PaAlsaVersionNum();
+
+    *hostApi = (PaUtilHostApiRepresentation*)alsaHostApi;
+    (*hostApi)->info.structVersion = 1;
+    (*hostApi)->info.type = paALSA;
+    (*hostApi)->info.name = "ALSA";
+
+    (*hostApi)->Terminate = Terminate;
+    (*hostApi)->OpenStream = OpenStream;
+    (*hostApi)->IsFormatSupported = IsFormatSupported;
+
+    /** If AlsaErrorHandler is to be used, do not forget to unregister callback pointer in
+        Terminate function.
+    */
+    /*ENSURE_( snd_lib_error_set_handler(AlsaErrorHandler), paUnanticipatedHostError );*/
+
+    PA_ENSURE( BuildDeviceList( alsaHostApi ) );
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( &alsaHostApi->callbackStreamInterface,
+                                      CloseStream, StartStream,
+                                      StopStream, AbortStream,
+                                      IsStreamStopped, IsStreamActive,
+                                      GetStreamTime, GetStreamCpuLoad,
+                                      PaUtil_DummyRead, PaUtil_DummyWrite,
+                                      PaUtil_DummyGetReadAvailable,
+                                      PaUtil_DummyGetWriteAvailable );
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( &alsaHostApi->blockingStreamInterface,
+                                      CloseStream, StartStream,
+                                      StopStream, AbortStream,
+                                      IsStreamStopped, IsStreamActive,
+                                      GetStreamTime, PaUtil_DummyGetCpuLoad,
+                                      ReadStream, WriteStream,
+                                      GetStreamReadAvailable,
+                                      GetStreamWriteAvailable );
+
+    PA_ENSURE( PaUnixThreading_Initialize() );
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    if( alsaHostApi )
+    {
+        if( alsaHostApi->allocations )
+        {
+            PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations( alsaHostApi->allocations );
+            PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup( alsaHostApi->allocations );
+        }
+
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( alsaHostApi );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static void Terminate( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi )
+{
+    PaAlsaHostApiRepresentation *alsaHostApi = (PaAlsaHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+
+    assert( hostApi );
+
+    /** See AlsaErrorHandler and PaAlsa_Initialize for details.
+    */
+    /*snd_lib_error_set_handler(NULL);*/
+
+    if( alsaHostApi->allocations )
+    {
+        PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations( alsaHostApi->allocations );
+        PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup( alsaHostApi->allocations );
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( alsaHostApi );
+    alsa_snd_config_update_free_global();
+
+    /* Close Alsa library. */
+    PaAlsa_CloseLibrary();
+}
+
+/** Determine max channels and default latencies.
+ *
+ * This function provides functionality to grope an opened (might be opened for capture or playback) pcm device for
+ * traits like max channels, suitable default latencies and default sample rate. Upon error, max channels is set to zero,
+ * and a suitable result returned. The device is closed before returning.
+ */
+static PaError GropeDevice( snd_pcm_t* pcm, int isPlug, StreamDirection mode, int openBlocking,
+        PaAlsaDeviceInfo* devInfo )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    snd_pcm_hw_params_t *hwParams;
+    snd_pcm_uframes_t alsaBufferFrames, alsaPeriodFrames;
+    unsigned int minChans, maxChans;
+    int* minChannels, * maxChannels;
+    double * defaultLowLatency, * defaultHighLatency, * defaultSampleRate =
+        &devInfo->baseDeviceInfo.defaultSampleRate;
+    double defaultSr = *defaultSampleRate;
+
+    assert( pcm );
+
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: collecting info ..\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+
+    if( StreamDirection_In == mode )
+    {
+        minChannels = &devInfo->minInputChannels;
+        maxChannels = &devInfo->baseDeviceInfo.maxInputChannels;
+        defaultLowLatency = &devInfo->baseDeviceInfo.defaultLowInputLatency;
+        defaultHighLatency = &devInfo->baseDeviceInfo.defaultHighInputLatency;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        minChannels = &devInfo->minOutputChannels;
+        maxChannels = &devInfo->baseDeviceInfo.maxOutputChannels;
+        defaultLowLatency = &devInfo->baseDeviceInfo.defaultLowOutputLatency;
+        defaultHighLatency = &devInfo->baseDeviceInfo.defaultHighOutputLatency;
+    }
+
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_nonblock( pcm, 0 ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+
+    alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_alloca( &hwParams );
+    alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_any( pcm, hwParams );
+
+    if( defaultSr >= 0 )
+    {
+        /* Could be that the device opened in one mode supports samplerates that the other mode wont have,
+         * so try again .. */
+        if( SetApproximateSampleRate( pcm, hwParams, defaultSr ) < 0 )
+        {
+            defaultSr = -1.;
+            alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_any( pcm, hwParams ); /* Clear any params (rate) that might have been set */
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Original default samplerate failed, trying again ..\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( defaultSr < 0. )           /* Default sample rate not set */
+    {
+        unsigned int sampleRate = 44100;        /* Will contain approximate rate returned by alsa-lib */
+
+        /* Don't allow rate resampling when probing for the default rate (but ignore if this call fails) */
+        alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_resample( pcm, hwParams, 0 );
+        if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_near( pcm, hwParams, &sampleRate, NULL ) < 0 )
+        {
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            goto error;
+        }
+        ENSURE_( GetExactSampleRate( hwParams, &defaultSr ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    }
+
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_get_channels_min( hwParams, &minChans ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_get_channels_max( hwParams, &maxChans ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    assert( maxChans <= INT_MAX );
+    assert( maxChans > 0 );    /* Weird linking issue could cause wrong version of ALSA symbols to be called,
+                                   resulting in zeroed values */
+
+    /* XXX: Limit to sensible number (ALSA plugins accept a crazy amount of channels)? */
+    if( isPlug && maxChans > 128 )
+    {
+        maxChans = 128;
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Limiting number of plugin channels to %u\n", __FUNCTION__, maxChans ));
+    }
+
+    /* TWEAKME:
+     * Giving values for default min and max latency is not straightforward.
+     *  * for low latency, we want to give the lowest value that will work reliably.
+     *      This varies based on the sound card, kernel, CPU, etc.  Better to give
+     *      sub-optimal latency than to give a number too low and cause dropouts.
+     *  * for high latency we want to give a large enough value that dropouts are basically impossible.
+     *      This doesn't really require as much tweaking, since providing too large a number will
+     *      just cause us to select the nearest setting that will work at stream config time.
+     */
+    /* Try low latency values, (sometimes the buffer & period that result are larger) */
+    alsaBufferFrames = 512;
+    alsaPeriodFrames = 128;
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_size_near( pcm, hwParams, &alsaBufferFrames ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_size_near( pcm, hwParams, &alsaPeriodFrames, NULL ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    *defaultLowLatency = (double) (alsaBufferFrames - alsaPeriodFrames) / defaultSr;
+
+    /* Base the high latency case on values four times larger */
+    alsaBufferFrames = 2048;
+    alsaPeriodFrames = 512;
+    /* Have to reset hwParams, to set new buffer size; need to also set sample rate again */
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_any( pcm, hwParams ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    ENSURE_( SetApproximateSampleRate( pcm, hwParams, defaultSr ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_size_near( pcm, hwParams, &alsaBufferFrames ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_size_near( pcm, hwParams, &alsaPeriodFrames, NULL ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    *defaultHighLatency = (double) (alsaBufferFrames - alsaPeriodFrames) / defaultSr;
+
+    *minChannels = (int)minChans;
+    *maxChannels = (int)maxChans;
+    *defaultSampleRate = defaultSr;
+
+end:
+    alsa_snd_pcm_close( pcm );
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    goto end;
+}
+
+/* Initialize device info with invalid values (maxInputChannels and maxOutputChannels are set to zero since these indicate
+ * whether input/output is available) */
+static void InitializeDeviceInfo( PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo )
+{
+    deviceInfo->structVersion = -1;
+    deviceInfo->name = NULL;
+    deviceInfo->hostApi = -1;
+    deviceInfo->maxInputChannels = 0;
+    deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels = 0;
+    deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency = -1.;
+    deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency = -1.;
+    deviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency = -1.;
+    deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency = -1.;
+    deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = -1.;
+}
+
+
+/* Retrieve the version of the runtime Alsa-lib, as a single number equivalent to
+ * SND_LIB_VERSION.  Only a version string is available ("a.b.c") so this has to be converted.
+ * Assume 'a' and 'b' are single digits only.
+ */
+static PaUint32 PaAlsaVersionNum(void)
+{
+    char* verStr;
+    PaUint32 verNum;
+
+    verStr = (char*) alsa_snd_asoundlib_version();
+    verNum = ALSA_VERSION_INT( atoi(verStr), atoi(verStr + 2), atoi(verStr + 4) );
+    PA_DEBUG(( "ALSA version (build): " SND_LIB_VERSION_STR "\nALSA version (runtime): %s\n", verStr ));
+
+    return verNum;
+}
+
+
+/* Helper struct */
+typedef struct
+{
+    char *alsaName;
+    char *name;
+    int isPlug;
+    int hasPlayback;
+    int hasCapture;
+} HwDevInfo;
+
+
+HwDevInfo predefinedNames[] = {
+    { "center_lfe", NULL, 0, 1, 0 },
+/* { "default", NULL, 0, 1, 1 }, */
+    { "dmix", NULL, 0, 1, 0 },
+/* { "dpl", NULL, 0, 1, 0 }, */
+/* { "dsnoop", NULL, 0, 0, 1 }, */
+    { "front", NULL, 0, 1, 0 },
+    { "iec958", NULL, 0, 1, 0 },
+/* { "modem", NULL, 0, 1, 0 }, */
+    { "rear", NULL, 0, 1, 0 },
+    { "side", NULL, 0, 1, 0 },
+/*     { "spdif", NULL, 0, 0, 0 }, */
+    { "surround40", NULL, 0, 1, 0 },
+    { "surround41", NULL, 0, 1, 0 },
+    { "surround50", NULL, 0, 1, 0 },
+    { "surround51", NULL, 0, 1, 0 },
+    { "surround71", NULL, 0, 1, 0 },
+
+    { "AndroidPlayback_Earpiece_normal",         NULL, 0, 1, 0 },
+    { "AndroidPlayback_Speaker_normal",          NULL, 0, 1, 0 },
+    { "AndroidPlayback_Bluetooth_normal",        NULL, 0, 1, 0 },
+    { "AndroidPlayback_Headset_normal",          NULL, 0, 1, 0 },
+    { "AndroidPlayback_Speaker_Headset_normal",  NULL, 0, 1, 0 },
+    { "AndroidPlayback_Bluetooth-A2DP_normal",   NULL, 0, 1, 0 },
+    { "AndroidPlayback_ExtraDockSpeaker_normal", NULL, 0, 1, 0 },
+    { "AndroidPlayback_TvOut_normal",            NULL, 0, 1, 0 },
+
+    { "AndroidRecord_Microphone",                NULL, 0, 0, 1 },
+    { "AndroidRecord_Earpiece_normal",           NULL, 0, 0, 1 },
+    { "AndroidRecord_Speaker_normal",            NULL, 0, 0, 1 },
+    { "AndroidRecord_Headset_normal",            NULL, 0, 0, 1 },
+    { "AndroidRecord_Bluetooth_normal",          NULL, 0, 0, 1 },
+    { "AndroidRecord_Speaker_Headset_normal",    NULL, 0, 0, 1 },
+
+    { NULL, NULL, 0, 1, 0 }
+};
+
+static const HwDevInfo *FindDeviceName( const char *name )
+{
+    int i;
+
+    for( i = 0; predefinedNames[i].alsaName; i++ )
+    {
+        if( strcmp( name, predefinedNames[i].alsaName ) == 0 )
+        {
+            return &predefinedNames[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static PaError PaAlsa_StrDup( PaAlsaHostApiRepresentation *alsaApi,
+        char **dst,
+        const char *src)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    int len = strlen( src ) + 1;
+
+    /* PA_DEBUG(("PaStrDup %s %d\n", src, len)); */
+
+    PA_UNLESS( *dst = (char *)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory( alsaApi->allocations, len ),
+            paInsufficientMemory );
+    strncpy( *dst, src, len );
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+/* Disregard some standard plugins
+ */
+static int IgnorePlugin( const char *pluginId )
+{
+    static const char *ignoredPlugins[] = {"hw", "plughw", "plug", "dsnoop", "tee",
+        "file", "null", "shm", "cards", "rate_convert", NULL};
+    int i = 0;
+
+    if( getenv( "PA_ALSA_IGNORE_ALL_PLUGINS" ) && atoi( getenv( "PA_ALSA_IGNORE_ALL_PLUGINS") ) )
+        return 1;
+
+    while( ignoredPlugins[i] )
+    {
+        if( !strcmp( pluginId, ignoredPlugins[i] ) )
+        {
+            return 1;
+        }
+        ++i;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* Skip past parts at the beginning of a (pcm) info name that are already in the card name, to avoid duplication */
+static char *SkipCardDetailsInName( char *infoSkipName, char *cardRefName )
+{
+    char *lastSpacePosn = infoSkipName;
+
+    /* Skip matching chars; but only in chunks separated by ' ' (not part words etc), so track lastSpacePosn */
+    while( *cardRefName )
+    {
+        while( *infoSkipName && *cardRefName && *infoSkipName == *cardRefName)
+        {
+            infoSkipName++;
+            cardRefName++;
+            if( *infoSkipName == ' ' || *infoSkipName == '\0' )
+                lastSpacePosn = infoSkipName;
+        }
+        infoSkipName = lastSpacePosn;
+        /* Look for another chunk; post-increment means ends pointing to next char */
+        while( *cardRefName && ( *cardRefName++ != ' ' ));
+    }
+    if( *infoSkipName == '\0' )
+        return "-"; /* The 2 names were identical; instead of a nul-string, return a marker string */
+
+    /* Now want to move to the first char after any spaces */
+    while( *lastSpacePosn && *lastSpacePosn == ' ' )
+        lastSpacePosn++;
+    /* Skip a single separator char if present in the remaining pcm name; (pa will add its own) */
+    if(( *lastSpacePosn == '-' || *lastSpacePosn == ':' ) && *(lastSpacePosn + 1) == ' ' )
+        lastSpacePosn += 2;
+
+    return lastSpacePosn;
+}
+
+/** Open PCM device.
+ *
+ * Wrapper around alsa_snd_pcm_open which may repeatedly retry opening a device if it is busy, for
+ * a certain time. This is because dmix may temporarily hold on to a device after it (dmix)
+ * has been opened and closed.
+ * @param mode: Open mode (e.g., SND_PCM_BLOCKING).
+ * @param waitOnBusy: Retry opening busy device for up to one second?
+ **/
+static int OpenPcm( snd_pcm_t **pcmp, const char *name, snd_pcm_stream_t stream, int mode, int waitOnBusy )
+{
+    int ret, tries = 0, maxTries = waitOnBusy ? busyRetries_ : 0;
+
+    ret = alsa_snd_pcm_open( pcmp, name, stream, mode );
+
+    for( tries = 0; tries < maxTries && -EBUSY == ret; ++tries )
+    {
+        Pa_Sleep( 10 );
+        ret = alsa_snd_pcm_open( pcmp, name, stream, mode );
+        if( -EBUSY != ret )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Successfully opened initially busy device after %d tries\n", __FUNCTION__, tries ));
+        }
+    }
+    if( -EBUSY == ret )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Failed to open busy device '%s'\n", __FUNCTION__, name ));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if( ret < 0 )
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Opened device '%s' ptr[%p] - result: [%d:%s]\n", __FUNCTION__, name, *pcmp, ret, alsa_snd_strerror(ret) ));
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static PaError FillInDevInfo( PaAlsaHostApiRepresentation *alsaApi, HwDevInfo* deviceHwInfo, int blocking,
+        PaAlsaDeviceInfo* devInfo, int* devIdx )
+{
+    PaError result = 0;
+    PaDeviceInfo *baseDeviceInfo = &devInfo->baseDeviceInfo;
+    snd_pcm_t *pcm = NULL;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *baseApi = &alsaApi->baseHostApiRep;
+
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Filling device info for: %s\n", __FUNCTION__, deviceHwInfo->name ));
+
+    /* Zero fields */
+    InitializeDeviceInfo( baseDeviceInfo );
+
+    /* To determine device capabilities, we must open the device and query the
+     * hardware parameter configuration space */
+
+    /* Query capture */
+    if( deviceHwInfo->hasCapture &&
+        OpenPcm( &pcm, deviceHwInfo->alsaName, SND_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, blocking, 0 ) >= 0 )
+    {
+        if( GropeDevice( pcm, deviceHwInfo->isPlug, StreamDirection_In, blocking, devInfo ) != paNoError )
+        {
+            /* Error */
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Failed groping %s for capture\n", __FUNCTION__, deviceHwInfo->alsaName ));
+            goto end;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Query playback */
+    if( deviceHwInfo->hasPlayback &&
+        OpenPcm( &pcm, deviceHwInfo->alsaName, SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, blocking, 0 ) >= 0 )
+    {
+        if( GropeDevice( pcm, deviceHwInfo->isPlug, StreamDirection_Out, blocking, devInfo ) != paNoError )
+        {
+            /* Error */
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Failed groping %s for playback\n", __FUNCTION__, deviceHwInfo->alsaName ));
+            goto end;
+        }
+    }
+
+    baseDeviceInfo->structVersion = 2;
+    baseDeviceInfo->hostApi = alsaApi->hostApiIndex;
+    baseDeviceInfo->name = deviceHwInfo->name;
+    devInfo->alsaName = deviceHwInfo->alsaName;
+    devInfo->isPlug = deviceHwInfo->isPlug;
+
+    /* A: Storing pointer to PaAlsaDeviceInfo object as pointer to PaDeviceInfo object.
+     * Should now be safe to add device info, unless the device supports neither capture nor playback
+     */
+    if( baseDeviceInfo->maxInputChannels > 0 || baseDeviceInfo->maxOutputChannels > 0 )
+    {
+        /* Make device default if there isn't already one or it is the ALSA "default" device */
+        if( ( baseApi->info.defaultInputDevice == paNoDevice ||
+            !strcmp( deviceHwInfo->alsaName, "default" ) ) && baseDeviceInfo->maxInputChannels > 0 )
+        {
+            baseApi->info.defaultInputDevice = *devIdx;
+            PA_DEBUG(( "Default input device: %s\n", deviceHwInfo->name ));
+        }
+        if( ( baseApi->info.defaultOutputDevice == paNoDevice ||
+            !strcmp( deviceHwInfo->alsaName, "default" ) ) && baseDeviceInfo->maxOutputChannels > 0 )
+        {
+            baseApi->info.defaultOutputDevice = *devIdx;
+            PA_DEBUG(( "Default output device: %s\n", deviceHwInfo->name ));
+        }
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Adding device %s: %d\n", __FUNCTION__, deviceHwInfo->name, *devIdx ));
+        baseApi->deviceInfos[*devIdx] = (PaDeviceInfo *) devInfo;
+        (*devIdx) += 1;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Skipped device: %s, all channels == 0\n", __FUNCTION__, deviceHwInfo->name ));
+    }
+
+end:
+    return result;
+}
+
+/* Build PaDeviceInfo list, ignore devices for which we cannot determine capabilities (possibly busy, sigh) */
+static PaError BuildDeviceList( PaAlsaHostApiRepresentation *alsaApi )
+{
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *baseApi = &alsaApi->baseHostApiRep;
+    PaAlsaDeviceInfo *deviceInfoArray;
+    int cardIdx = -1, devIdx = 0;
+    snd_ctl_card_info_t *cardInfo;
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    size_t numDeviceNames = 0, maxDeviceNames = 1, i;
+    HwDevInfo *hwDevInfos = NULL;
+    snd_config_t *topNode = NULL;
+    snd_pcm_info_t *pcmInfo;
+    int res;
+    int blocking = SND_PCM_NONBLOCK;
+    int usePlughw = 0;
+    char *hwPrefix = "";
+    char alsaCardName[50];
+#ifdef PA_ENABLE_DEBUG_OUTPUT
+    PaTime startTime = PaUtil_GetTime();
+#endif
+
+    if( getenv( "PA_ALSA_INITIALIZE_BLOCK" ) && atoi( getenv( "PA_ALSA_INITIALIZE_BLOCK" ) ) )
+        blocking = 0;
+
+    /* If PA_ALSA_PLUGHW is 1 (non-zero), use the plughw: pcm throughout instead of hw: */
+    if( getenv( "PA_ALSA_PLUGHW" ) && atoi( getenv( "PA_ALSA_PLUGHW" ) ) )
+    {
+        usePlughw = 1;
+        hwPrefix = "plug";
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Using Plughw\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+    }
+
+    /* These two will be set to the first working input and output device, respectively */
+    baseApi->info.defaultInputDevice = paNoDevice;
+    baseApi->info.defaultOutputDevice = paNoDevice;
+
+    /* Gather info about hw devices
+
+     * alsa_snd_card_next() modifies the integer passed to it to be:
+     *      the index of the first card if the parameter is -1
+     *      the index of the next card if the parameter is the index of a card
+     *      -1 if there are no more cards
+     *
+     * The function itself returns 0 if it succeeded. */
+    cardIdx = -1;
+    alsa_snd_ctl_card_info_alloca( &cardInfo );
+    alsa_snd_pcm_info_alloca( &pcmInfo );
+    while( alsa_snd_card_next( &cardIdx ) == 0 && cardIdx >= 0 )
+    {
+        char *cardName;
+        int devIdx = -1;
+        snd_ctl_t *ctl;
+        char buf[66];
+
+        snprintf( alsaCardName, sizeof (alsaCardName), "hw:%d", cardIdx );
+
+        /* Acquire name of card */
+        if( alsa_snd_ctl_open( &ctl, alsaCardName, 0 ) < 0 )
+        {
+            /* Unable to open card :( */
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Unable to open device %s\n", __FUNCTION__, alsaCardName ));
+            continue;
+        }
+        alsa_snd_ctl_card_info( ctl, cardInfo );
+
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsa_StrDup( alsaApi, &cardName, alsa_snd_ctl_card_info_get_name( cardInfo )) );
+
+        while( alsa_snd_ctl_pcm_next_device( ctl, &devIdx ) == 0 && devIdx >= 0 )
+        {
+            char *alsaDeviceName, *deviceName, *infoName;
+            size_t len;
+            int hasPlayback = 0, hasCapture = 0;
+
+            snprintf( buf, sizeof (buf), "%s%s,%d", hwPrefix, alsaCardName, devIdx );
+
+            /* Obtain info about this particular device */
+            alsa_snd_pcm_info_set_device( pcmInfo, devIdx );
+            alsa_snd_pcm_info_set_subdevice( pcmInfo, 0 );
+            alsa_snd_pcm_info_set_stream( pcmInfo, SND_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE );
+            if( alsa_snd_ctl_pcm_info( ctl, pcmInfo ) >= 0 )
+            {
+                hasCapture = 1;
+            }
+
+            alsa_snd_pcm_info_set_stream( pcmInfo, SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK );
+            if( alsa_snd_ctl_pcm_info( ctl, pcmInfo ) >= 0 )
+            {
+                hasPlayback = 1;
+            }
+
+            if( !hasPlayback && !hasCapture )
+            {
+                /* Error */
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            infoName = SkipCardDetailsInName( (char *)alsa_snd_pcm_info_get_name( pcmInfo ), cardName );
+
+            /* The length of the string written by snprintf plus terminating 0 */
+            len = snprintf( NULL, 0, "%s: %s (%s)", cardName, infoName, buf ) + 1;
+            PA_UNLESS( deviceName = (char *)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory( alsaApi->allocations, len ),
+                    paInsufficientMemory );
+            snprintf( deviceName, len, "%s: %s (%s)", cardName, infoName, buf );
+
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Found device [%d]: %s\n", __FUNCTION__, numDeviceNames, deviceName ));
+
+            ++numDeviceNames;
+            if( !hwDevInfos || numDeviceNames > maxDeviceNames )
+            {
+                maxDeviceNames *= 2;
+                PA_UNLESS( hwDevInfos = (HwDevInfo *) realloc( hwDevInfos, maxDeviceNames * sizeof (HwDevInfo) ),
+                        paInsufficientMemory );
+            }
+
+            PA_ENSURE( PaAlsa_StrDup( alsaApi, &alsaDeviceName, buf ) );
+
+            hwDevInfos[ numDeviceNames - 1 ].alsaName = alsaDeviceName;
+            hwDevInfos[ numDeviceNames - 1 ].name = deviceName;
+            hwDevInfos[ numDeviceNames - 1 ].isPlug = usePlughw;
+            hwDevInfos[ numDeviceNames - 1 ].hasPlayback = hasPlayback;
+            hwDevInfos[ numDeviceNames - 1 ].hasCapture = hasCapture;
+        }
+        alsa_snd_ctl_close( ctl );
+    }
+
+    /* Iterate over plugin devices */
+    if( NULL == (*alsa_snd_config) )
+    {
+        /* alsa_snd_config_update is called implicitly by some functions, if this hasn't happened snd_config will be NULL (bleh) */
+        ENSURE_( alsa_snd_config_update(), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        PA_DEBUG(( "Updating snd_config\n" ));
+    }
+    assert( *alsa_snd_config );
+    if( ( res = alsa_snd_config_search( *alsa_snd_config, "pcm", &topNode ) ) >= 0 )
+    {
+        snd_config_iterator_t i, next;
+
+        alsa_snd_config_for_each( i, next, topNode )
+        {
+            const char *tpStr = "unknown", *idStr = NULL;
+            int err = 0;
+
+            char *alsaDeviceName, *deviceName;
+            const HwDevInfo *predefined = NULL;
+            snd_config_t *n = alsa_snd_config_iterator_entry( i ), * tp = NULL;;
+
+            if( (err = alsa_snd_config_search( n, "type", &tp )) < 0 )
+            {
+                if( -ENOENT != err )
+                {
+                    ENSURE_(err, paUnanticipatedHostError);
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                ENSURE_( alsa_snd_config_get_string( tp, &tpStr ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+            }
+            ENSURE_( alsa_snd_config_get_id( n, &idStr ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+            if( IgnorePlugin( idStr ) )
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Ignoring ALSA plugin device [%s] of type [%s]\n", __FUNCTION__, idStr, tpStr ));
+                continue;
+            }
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Found plugin [%s] of type [%s]\n", __FUNCTION__, idStr, tpStr ));
+
+            PA_UNLESS( alsaDeviceName = (char*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory( alsaApi->allocations,
+                                                            strlen(idStr) + 6 ), paInsufficientMemory );
+            strcpy( alsaDeviceName, idStr );
+            PA_UNLESS( deviceName = (char*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory( alsaApi->allocations,
+                                                            strlen(idStr) + 1 ), paInsufficientMemory );
+            strcpy( deviceName, idStr );
+
+            ++numDeviceNames;
+            if( !hwDevInfos || numDeviceNames > maxDeviceNames )
+            {
+                maxDeviceNames *= 2;
+                PA_UNLESS( hwDevInfos = (HwDevInfo *) realloc( hwDevInfos, maxDeviceNames * sizeof (HwDevInfo) ),
+                        paInsufficientMemory );
+            }
+
+            predefined = FindDeviceName( alsaDeviceName );
+
+            hwDevInfos[numDeviceNames - 1].alsaName = alsaDeviceName;
+            hwDevInfos[numDeviceNames - 1].name     = deviceName;
+            hwDevInfos[numDeviceNames - 1].isPlug   = 1;
+
+            if( predefined )
+            {
+                hwDevInfos[numDeviceNames - 1].hasPlayback = predefined->hasPlayback;
+                hwDevInfos[numDeviceNames - 1].hasCapture  = predefined->hasCapture;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                hwDevInfos[numDeviceNames - 1].hasPlayback = 1;
+                hwDevInfos[numDeviceNames - 1].hasCapture  = 1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Iterating over ALSA plugins failed: %s\n", __FUNCTION__, alsa_snd_strerror( res ) ));
+
+    /* allocate deviceInfo memory based on the number of devices */
+    PA_UNLESS( baseApi->deviceInfos = (PaDeviceInfo**)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+            alsaApi->allocations, sizeof(PaDeviceInfo*) * (numDeviceNames) ), paInsufficientMemory );
+
+    /* allocate all device info structs in a contiguous block */
+    PA_UNLESS( deviceInfoArray = (PaAlsaDeviceInfo*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+            alsaApi->allocations, sizeof(PaAlsaDeviceInfo) * numDeviceNames ), paInsufficientMemory );
+
+    /* Loop over list of cards, filling in info. If a device is deemed unavailable (can't get name),
+     * it's ignored.
+     *
+     * Note that we do this in two stages. This is a workaround owing to the fact that the 'dmix'
+     * plugin may cause the underlying hardware device to be busy for a short while even after it
+     * (dmix) is closed. The 'default' plugin may also point to the dmix plugin, so the same goes
+     * for this.
+     */
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Filling device info for %d devices\n", __FUNCTION__, numDeviceNames ));
+    for( i = 0, devIdx = 0; i < numDeviceNames; ++i )
+    {
+        PaAlsaDeviceInfo* devInfo = &deviceInfoArray[i];
+        HwDevInfo* hwInfo = &hwDevInfos[i];
+        if( !strcmp( hwInfo->name, "dmix" ) || !strcmp( hwInfo->name, "default" ) )
+        {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        PA_ENSURE( FillInDevInfo( alsaApi, hwInfo, blocking, devInfo, &devIdx ) );
+    }
+    assert( devIdx <= numDeviceNames );
+    /* Now inspect 'dmix' and 'default' plugins */
+    for( i = 0; i < numDeviceNames; ++i )
+    {
+        PaAlsaDeviceInfo* devInfo = &deviceInfoArray[i];
+        HwDevInfo* hwInfo = &hwDevInfos[i];
+        if( strcmp( hwInfo->name, "dmix" ) && strcmp( hwInfo->name, "default" ) )
+        {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        PA_ENSURE( FillInDevInfo( alsaApi, hwInfo, blocking, devInfo, &devIdx ) );
+    }
+    free( hwDevInfos );
+
+    baseApi->info.deviceCount = devIdx;   /* Number of successfully queried devices */
+
+#ifdef PA_ENABLE_DEBUG_OUTPUT
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Building device list took %f seconds\n", __FUNCTION__, PaUtil_GetTime() - startTime ));
+#endif
+
+end:
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    /* No particular action */
+    goto end;
+}
+
+/* Check against known device capabilities */
+static PaError ValidateParameters( const PaStreamParameters *parameters, PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi, StreamDirection mode )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    int maxChans;
+    const PaAlsaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo = NULL;
+    assert( parameters );
+
+    if( parameters->device != paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+    {
+        assert( parameters->device < hostApi->info.deviceCount );
+        PA_UNLESS( parameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo == NULL, paBadIODeviceCombination );
+        deviceInfo = GetDeviceInfo( hostApi, parameters->device );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        const PaAlsaStreamInfo *streamInfo = parameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+
+        PA_UNLESS( parameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification, paInvalidDevice );
+        PA_UNLESS( streamInfo->size == sizeof (PaAlsaStreamInfo) && streamInfo->version == 1,
+                paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo );
+        PA_UNLESS( streamInfo->deviceString != NULL, paInvalidDevice );
+
+        /* Skip further checking */
+        return paNoError;
+    }
+
+    assert( deviceInfo );
+    assert( parameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo == NULL );
+    maxChans = ( StreamDirection_In == mode ? deviceInfo->baseDeviceInfo.maxInputChannels :
+        deviceInfo->baseDeviceInfo.maxOutputChannels );
+    PA_UNLESS( parameters->channelCount <= maxChans, paInvalidChannelCount );
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+/* Given an open stream, what sample formats are available? */
+static PaSampleFormat GetAvailableFormats( snd_pcm_t *pcm )
+{
+    PaSampleFormat available = 0;
+    snd_pcm_hw_params_t *hwParams;
+    alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_alloca( &hwParams );
+
+    alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_any( pcm, hwParams );
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT ) >= 0)
+        available |= paFloat32;
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S32 ) >= 0)
+        available |= paInt32;
+
+#ifdef PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_3LE ) >= 0)
+        available |= paInt24;
+#elif defined PA_BIG_ENDIAN
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_3BE ) >= 0)
+        available |= paInt24;
+#endif
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16 ) >= 0)
+        available |= paInt16;
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_U8 ) >= 0)
+        available |= paUInt8;
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S8 ) >= 0)
+        available |= paInt8;
+
+    return available;
+}
+
+/* Output to console all formats supported by device */
+static void LogAllAvailableFormats( snd_pcm_t *pcm )
+{
+    PaSampleFormat available = 0;
+    snd_pcm_hw_params_t *hwParams;
+    alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_alloca( &hwParams );
+
+    alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_any( pcm, hwParams );
+
+    PA_DEBUG(( " --- Supported Formats ---\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S8 ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_S8\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_U8 ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_U8\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16_BE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16_BE\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_U16_LE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_U16_LE\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_U16_BE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_U16_BE\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_LE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_LE\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_BE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_BE\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_U24_LE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_U24_LE\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_U24_BE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_U24_BE\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT_LE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT_LE\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT_BE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT_BE\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT64_LE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT64_LE\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT64_BE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT64_BE\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_IEC958_SUBFRAME_LE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_IEC958_SUBFRAME_LE\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_IEC958_SUBFRAME_BE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_IEC958_SUBFRAME_BE\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_MU_LAW ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_MU_LAW\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_A_LAW ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_A_LAW\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_IMA_ADPCM ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_IMA_ADPCM\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_MPEG ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_MPEG\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_GSM ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_GSM\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_SPECIAL ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_SPECIAL\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_3LE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_3LE\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_3BE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_3BE\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_U24_3LE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_U24_3LE\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_U24_3BE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_U24_3BE\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S20_3LE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_S20_3LE\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S20_3BE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_S20_3BE\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_U20_3LE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_U20_3LE\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_U20_3BE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_U20_3BE\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S18_3LE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_S18_3LE\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S18_3BE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_S18_3BE\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_U18_3LE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_U18_3LE\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_U18_3BE ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_U18_3BE\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16 ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_U16 ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_U16\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24 ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_U24 ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_U24\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S32 ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_S32\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_U32 ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_U32\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT\n" ));
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT64 ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT64\n" ));
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_format( pcm, hwParams, SND_PCM_FORMAT_IEC958_SUBFRAME ) >= 0)
+        PA_DEBUG(( "SND_PCM_FORMAT_IEC958_SUBFRAME\n" ));
+
+    PA_DEBUG(( " -------------------------\n" ));
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_format_t Pa2AlsaFormat( PaSampleFormat paFormat )
+{
+    switch( paFormat )
+    {
+        case paFloat32:
+            return SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT;
+
+        case paInt16:
+            return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16;
+
+        case paInt24:
+#ifdef PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+            return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_3LE;
+#elif defined PA_BIG_ENDIAN
+            return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_3BE;
+#endif
+
+        case paInt32:
+            return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S32;
+
+        case paInt8:
+            return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S8;
+
+        case paUInt8:
+            return SND_PCM_FORMAT_U8;
+
+        default:
+            return SND_PCM_FORMAT_UNKNOWN;
+    }
+}
+
+/** Open an ALSA pcm handle.
+ *
+ * The device to be open can be specified by name in a custom PaAlsaStreamInfo struct, or it will be by
+ * the Portaudio device number supplied in the stream parameters.
+ */
+static PaError AlsaOpen( const PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi, const PaStreamParameters *params, StreamDirection
+        streamDir, snd_pcm_t **pcm )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    int ret;
+    const char* deviceName = "";
+    const PaAlsaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo = NULL;
+    PaAlsaStreamInfo *streamInfo = (PaAlsaStreamInfo *)params->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+
+    if( !streamInfo )
+    {
+        deviceInfo = GetDeviceInfo( hostApi, params->device );
+        deviceName = deviceInfo->alsaName;
+    }
+    else
+        deviceName = streamInfo->deviceString;
+
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Opening device %s\n", __FUNCTION__, deviceName ));
+    if( (ret = OpenPcm( pcm, deviceName, streamDir == StreamDirection_In ? SND_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE : SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK,
+                    SND_PCM_NONBLOCK, 1 )) < 0 )
+    {
+        /* Not to be closed */
+        *pcm = NULL;
+        ENSURE_( ret, -EBUSY == ret ? paDeviceUnavailable : paBadIODeviceCombination );
+    }
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_nonblock( *pcm, 0 ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+
+end:
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    goto end;
+}
+
+static PaError TestParameters( const PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi, const PaStreamParameters *parameters,
+        double sampleRate, StreamDirection streamDir )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    snd_pcm_t *pcm = NULL;
+    PaSampleFormat availableFormats;
+    /* We are able to adapt to a number of channels less than what the device supports */
+    unsigned int numHostChannels;
+    PaSampleFormat hostFormat;
+    snd_pcm_hw_params_t *hwParams;
+    alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_alloca( &hwParams );
+
+    if( !parameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo )
+    {
+        const PaAlsaDeviceInfo *devInfo = GetDeviceInfo( hostApi, parameters->device );
+        numHostChannels = PA_MAX( parameters->channelCount, StreamDirection_In == streamDir ?
+                devInfo->minInputChannels : devInfo->minOutputChannels );
+    }
+    else
+        numHostChannels = parameters->channelCount;
+
+    PA_ENSURE( AlsaOpen( hostApi, parameters, streamDir, &pcm ) );
+
+    alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_any( pcm, hwParams );
+
+    if( SetApproximateSampleRate( pcm, hwParams, sampleRate ) < 0 )
+    {
+        result = paInvalidSampleRate;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_channels( pcm, hwParams, numHostChannels ) < 0 )
+    {
+        result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* See if we can find a best possible match */
+    availableFormats = GetAvailableFormats( pcm );
+    PA_ENSURE( hostFormat = PaUtil_SelectClosestAvailableFormat( availableFormats, parameters->sampleFormat ) );
+
+    /* Some specific hardware (reported: Audio8 DJ) can fail with assertion during this step. */
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_format( pcm, hwParams, Pa2AlsaFormat( hostFormat ) ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+
+    {
+        /* It happens that this call fails because the device is busy */
+        int ret = 0;
+        if( ( ret = alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params( pcm, hwParams ) ) < 0 )
+        {
+            if( -EINVAL == ret )
+            {
+                /* Don't know what to return here */
+                result = paBadIODeviceCombination;
+                goto error;
+            }
+            else if( -EBUSY == ret )
+            {
+                result = paDeviceUnavailable;
+                PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Device is busy\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            }
+
+            ENSURE_( ret, result );
+        }
+    }
+
+end:
+    if( pcm )
+    {
+        alsa_snd_pcm_close( pcm );
+    }
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    goto end;
+}
+
+static PaError IsFormatSupported( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                  double sampleRate )
+{
+    int inputChannelCount = 0, outputChannelCount = 0;
+    PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat, outputSampleFormat;
+    PaError result = paFormatIsSupported;
+
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        PA_ENSURE( ValidateParameters( inputParameters, hostApi, StreamDirection_In ) );
+
+        inputChannelCount = inputParameters->channelCount;
+        inputSampleFormat = inputParameters->sampleFormat;
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        PA_ENSURE( ValidateParameters( outputParameters, hostApi, StreamDirection_Out ) );
+
+        outputChannelCount = outputParameters->channelCount;
+        outputSampleFormat = outputParameters->sampleFormat;
+    }
+
+    if( inputChannelCount )
+    {
+        if( ( result = TestParameters( hostApi, inputParameters, sampleRate, StreamDirection_In ) )
+                != paNoError )
+            goto error;
+    }
+    if ( outputChannelCount )
+    {
+        if( ( result = TestParameters( hostApi, outputParameters, sampleRate, StreamDirection_Out ) )
+                != paNoError )
+            goto error;
+    }
+
+    return paFormatIsSupported;
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError PaAlsaStreamComponent_Initialize( PaAlsaStreamComponent *self, PaAlsaHostApiRepresentation *alsaApi,
+        const PaStreamParameters *params, StreamDirection streamDir, int callbackMode )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaSampleFormat userSampleFormat = params->sampleFormat, hostSampleFormat = paNoError;
+    assert( params->channelCount > 0 );
+
+    /* Make sure things have an initial value */
+    memset( self, 0, sizeof (PaAlsaStreamComponent) );
+
+    if( NULL == params->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo )
+    {
+        const PaAlsaDeviceInfo *devInfo = GetDeviceInfo( &alsaApi->baseHostApiRep, params->device );
+        self->numHostChannels = PA_MAX( params->channelCount, StreamDirection_In == streamDir ? devInfo->minInputChannels
+                : devInfo->minOutputChannels );
+        self->deviceIsPlug = devInfo->isPlug;
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Host Chans %c %i\n", __FUNCTION__, streamDir == StreamDirection_In ? 'C' : 'P', self->numHostChannels ));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* We're blissfully unaware of the minimum channelCount */
+        self->numHostChannels = params->channelCount;
+        /* Check if device name does not start with hw: to determine if it is a 'plug' device */
+        if( strncmp( "hw:", ((PaAlsaStreamInfo *)params->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo)->deviceString, 3 ) != 0  )
+            self->deviceIsPlug = 1; /* An Alsa plug device, not a direct hw device */
+    }
+    if( self->deviceIsPlug && alsaApi->alsaLibVersion < ALSA_VERSION_INT( 1, 0, 16 ) )
+        self->useReventFix = 1; /* Prior to Alsa1.0.16, plug devices may stutter without this fix */
+
+    self->device = params->device;
+
+    PA_ENSURE( AlsaOpen( &alsaApi->baseHostApiRep, params, streamDir, &self->pcm ) );
+    self->nfds = alsa_snd_pcm_poll_descriptors_count( self->pcm );
+
+    PA_ENSURE( hostSampleFormat = PaUtil_SelectClosestAvailableFormat( GetAvailableFormats( self->pcm ), userSampleFormat ) );
+
+    self->hostSampleFormat = hostSampleFormat;
+    self->nativeFormat = Pa2AlsaFormat( hostSampleFormat );
+    self->hostInterleaved = self->userInterleaved = !( userSampleFormat & paNonInterleaved );
+    self->numUserChannels = params->channelCount;
+    self->streamDir = streamDir;
+    self->canMmap = 0;
+    self->nonMmapBuffer = NULL;
+    self->nonMmapBufferSize = 0;
+
+    if( !callbackMode && !self->userInterleaved )
+    {
+        /* Pre-allocate non-interleaved user provided buffers */
+        PA_UNLESS( self->userBuffers = PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof (void *) * self->numUserChannels ),
+                paInsufficientMemory );
+    }
+
+error:
+
+    /* Log all available formats. */
+    if ( hostSampleFormat == paSampleFormatNotSupported )
+    {
+        LogAllAvailableFormats( self->pcm );
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Please provide the log output to PortAudio developers, your hardware does not have any sample format implemented yet.\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static void PaAlsaStreamComponent_Terminate( PaAlsaStreamComponent *self )
+{
+    alsa_snd_pcm_close( self->pcm );
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( self->userBuffers ); /* (Ptr can be NULL; PaUtil_FreeMemory includes a NULL check) */
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( self->nonMmapBuffer );
+}
+
+/*
+static int nearbyint_(float value) {
+    if(  value - (int)value > .5 )
+        return (int)ceil( value );
+    return (int)floor( value );
+}
+*/
+
+/** Initiate configuration, preparing for determining a period size suitable for both capture and playback components.
+ *
+ */
+static PaError PaAlsaStreamComponent_InitialConfigure( PaAlsaStreamComponent *self, const PaStreamParameters *params,
+        int primeBuffers, snd_pcm_hw_params_t *hwParams, double *sampleRate )
+{
+    /* Configuration consists of setting all of ALSA's parameters.
+     * These parameters come in two flavors: hardware parameters
+     * and software parameters.  Hardware parameters will affect
+     * the way the device is initialized, software parameters
+     * affect the way ALSA interacts with me, the user-level client.
+     */
+
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    snd_pcm_access_t accessMode, alternateAccessMode;
+    int dir = 0;
+    snd_pcm_t *pcm = self->pcm;
+    double sr = *sampleRate;
+    unsigned int minPeriods = 2;
+
+    /* self->framesPerPeriod = framesPerHostBuffer; */
+
+    /* ... fill up the configuration space with all possible
+     * combinations of parameters this device will accept */
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_any( pcm, hwParams ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_periods_integer( pcm, hwParams ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    /* I think there should be at least 2 periods (even though ALSA doesn't appear to enforce this) */
+    dir = 0;
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_periods_min( pcm, hwParams, &minPeriods, &dir ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+
+    if( self->userInterleaved )
+    {
+        accessMode          = SND_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_INTERLEAVED;
+        alternateAccessMode = SND_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_NONINTERLEAVED;
+
+        /* test if MMAP supported */
+        self->canMmap = alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_access( pcm, hwParams, accessMode ) >= 0 ||
+                        alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_access( pcm, hwParams, alternateAccessMode ) >= 0;
+
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: device MMAP SND_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_INTERLEAVED: %s\n", __FUNCTION__, ( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_access( pcm, hwParams, accessMode ) >= 0 ? "YES" : "NO" ) ));
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: device MMAP SND_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_NONINTERLEAVED: %s\n", __FUNCTION__, ( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_access( pcm, hwParams, alternateAccessMode ) >= 0 ? "YES" : "NO" ) ));
+
+        if( !self->canMmap )
+        {
+            accessMode          = SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED;
+            alternateAccessMode = SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_NONINTERLEAVED;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        accessMode          = SND_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_NONINTERLEAVED;
+        alternateAccessMode = SND_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_INTERLEAVED;
+
+        /* test if MMAP supported */
+        self->canMmap = alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_access( pcm, hwParams, accessMode ) >= 0 ||
+                        alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_access( pcm, hwParams, alternateAccessMode ) >= 0;
+
+        PA_DEBUG((" %s: device MMAP SND_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_NONINTERLEAVED: %s\n", __FUNCTION__, ( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_access( pcm, hwParams, accessMode ) >= 0 ? "YES" : "NO" ) ));
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: device MMAP SND_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_INTERLEAVED: %s\n", __FUNCTION__, ( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_access( pcm, hwParams, alternateAccessMode ) >= 0 ? "YES" : "NO" ) ));
+
+        if( !self->canMmap )
+        {
+            accessMode          = SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_NONINTERLEAVED;
+            alternateAccessMode = SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED;
+        }
+    }
+
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: device can MMAP: %s\n", __FUNCTION__, ( self->canMmap ? "YES" : "NO" ) ));
+
+    /* If requested access mode fails, try alternate mode */
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_access( pcm, hwParams, accessMode ) < 0 )
+    {
+        int err = 0;
+        if( ( err = alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_access( pcm, hwParams, alternateAccessMode )) < 0 )
+        {
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( paALSA, err, alsa_snd_strerror( err ) );
+            goto error;
+        }
+        /* Flip mode */
+        self->hostInterleaved = !self->userInterleaved;
+    }
+
+    /* Some specific hardware (reported: Audio8 DJ) can fail with assertion during this step. */
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_format( pcm, hwParams, self->nativeFormat ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+
+    if( ( result = SetApproximateSampleRate( pcm, hwParams, sr )) != paUnanticipatedHostError )
+    {
+        ENSURE_( GetExactSampleRate( hwParams, &sr ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        if( result == paInvalidSampleRate ) /* From the SetApproximateSampleRate() call above */
+        { /* The sample rate was returned as 'out of tolerance' of the one requested */
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Wanted %.3f, closest sample rate was %.3f\n", __FUNCTION__, sampleRate, sr ));
+            PA_ENSURE( paInvalidSampleRate );
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_ENSURE( paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    }
+
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_channels( pcm, hwParams, self->numHostChannels ), paInvalidChannelCount );
+
+    *sampleRate = sr;
+
+end:
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    /* No particular action */
+    goto end;
+}
+
+/** Finish the configuration of the component's ALSA device.
+ *
+ * As part of this method, the component's alsaBufferSize attribute will be set.
+ * @param latency: The latency for this component.
+ */
+static PaError PaAlsaStreamComponent_FinishConfigure( PaAlsaStreamComponent *self, snd_pcm_hw_params_t* hwParams,
+        const PaStreamParameters *params, int primeBuffers, double sampleRate, PaTime* latency )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    snd_pcm_sw_params_t* swParams;
+    snd_pcm_uframes_t bufSz = 0;
+    *latency = -1.;
+
+    alsa_snd_pcm_sw_params_alloca( &swParams );
+
+    bufSz = params->suggestedLatency * sampleRate + self->framesPerPeriod;
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_size_near( self->pcm, hwParams, &bufSz ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+
+    /* Set the parameters! */
+    {
+        int r = alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params( self->pcm, hwParams );
+#ifdef PA_ENABLE_DEBUG_OUTPUT
+        if( r < 0 )
+        {
+            snd_output_t *output = NULL;
+            alsa_snd_output_stdio_attach( &output, stderr, 0 );
+            alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_dump( hwParams, output );
+        }
+#endif
+        ENSURE_( r, paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    }
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_size != NULL )
+    {
+        ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_size( hwParams, &self->alsaBufferSize ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        self->alsaBufferSize = bufSz;
+    }
+
+    /* Latency in seconds */
+    *latency = (self->alsaBufferSize - self->framesPerPeriod) / sampleRate;
+
+    /* Now software parameters... */
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_sw_params_current( self->pcm, swParams ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_sw_params_set_start_threshold( self->pcm, swParams, self->framesPerPeriod ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_sw_params_set_stop_threshold( self->pcm, swParams, self->alsaBufferSize ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+
+    /* Silence buffer in the case of underrun */
+    if( !primeBuffers ) /* XXX: Make sense? */
+    {
+        snd_pcm_uframes_t boundary;
+        ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_sw_params_get_boundary( swParams, &boundary ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_sw_params_set_silence_threshold( self->pcm, swParams, 0 ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_sw_params_set_silence_size( self->pcm, swParams, boundary ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    }
+
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_sw_params_set_avail_min( self->pcm, swParams, self->framesPerPeriod ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_sw_params_set_xfer_align( self->pcm, swParams, 1 ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_sw_params_set_tstamp_mode( self->pcm, swParams, SND_PCM_TSTAMP_ENABLE ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+
+    /* Set the parameters! */
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_sw_params( self->pcm, swParams ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError PaAlsaStream_Initialize( PaAlsaStream *self, PaAlsaHostApiRepresentation *alsaApi, const PaStreamParameters *inParams,
+        const PaStreamParameters *outParams, double sampleRate, unsigned long framesPerUserBuffer, PaStreamCallback callback,
+        PaStreamFlags streamFlags, void *userData )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    assert( self );
+
+    memset( self, 0, sizeof( PaAlsaStream ) );
+
+    if( NULL != callback )
+    {
+        PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation( &self->streamRepresentation,
+                                               &alsaApi->callbackStreamInterface,
+                                               callback, userData );
+        self->callbackMode = 1;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation( &self->streamRepresentation,
+                                               &alsaApi->blockingStreamInterface,
+                                               NULL, userData );
+    }
+
+    self->framesPerUserBuffer = framesPerUserBuffer;
+    self->neverDropInput = streamFlags & paNeverDropInput;
+    /* XXX: Ignore paPrimeOutputBuffersUsingStreamCallback until buffer priming is fully supported in pa_process.c */
+    /*
+    if( outParams & streamFlags & paPrimeOutputBuffersUsingStreamCallback )
+        self->primeBuffers = 1;
+        */
+    memset( &self->capture, 0, sizeof (PaAlsaStreamComponent) );
+    memset( &self->playback, 0, sizeof (PaAlsaStreamComponent) );
+    if( inParams )
+    {
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_Initialize( &self->capture, alsaApi, inParams, StreamDirection_In, NULL != callback ) );
+    }
+    if( outParams )
+    {
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_Initialize( &self->playback, alsaApi, outParams, StreamDirection_Out, NULL != callback ) );
+    }
+
+    assert( self->capture.nfds || self->playback.nfds );
+
+    PA_UNLESS( self->pfds = (struct pollfd*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( ( self->capture.nfds +
+                    self->playback.nfds ) * sizeof( struct pollfd ) ), paInsufficientMemory );
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeCpuLoadMeasurer( &self->cpuLoadMeasurer, sampleRate );
+    ASSERT_CALL_( PaUnixMutex_Initialize( &self->stateMtx ), paNoError );
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+/** Free resources associated with stream, and eventually stream itself.
+ *
+ * Frees allocated memory, and terminates individual StreamComponents.
+ */
+static void PaAlsaStream_Terminate( PaAlsaStream *self )
+{
+    assert( self );
+
+    if( self->capture.pcm )
+    {
+        PaAlsaStreamComponent_Terminate( &self->capture );
+    }
+    if( self->playback.pcm )
+    {
+        PaAlsaStreamComponent_Terminate( &self->playback );
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( self->pfds );
+    ASSERT_CALL_( PaUnixMutex_Terminate( &self->stateMtx ), paNoError );
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( self );
+}
+
+/** Calculate polling timeout
+ *
+ * @param frames Time to wait
+ * @return Polling timeout in milliseconds
+ */
+static int CalculatePollTimeout( const PaAlsaStream *stream, unsigned long frames )
+{
+    assert( stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate > 0.0 );
+    /* Period in msecs, rounded up */
+    return (int)ceil( 1000 * frames / stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate );
+}
+
+/** Align value in backward direction.
+ *
+ * @param v: Value to align.
+ * @param align: Alignment.
+ */
+static unsigned long PaAlsa_AlignBackward(unsigned long v, unsigned long align)
+{
+    return ( v - ( align ? v % align : 0 ) );
+}
+
+/** Align value in forward direction.
+ *
+ * @param v: Value to align.
+ * @param align: Alignment.
+ */
+static unsigned long PaAlsa_AlignForward(unsigned long v, unsigned long align)
+{
+    unsigned long remainder = ( align ? ( v % align ) : 0);
+    return ( remainder != 0 ? v + ( align - remainder ) : v );
+}
+
+/** Get size of host buffer maintained from the number of user frames, sample rate and suggested latency. Minimum double buffering
+ *  is maintained to allow 100% CPU usage inside user callback.
+ *
+ * @param userFramesPerBuffer: User buffer size in number of frames.
+ * @param suggestedLatency: User provided desired latency.
+ * @param sampleRate: Sample rate.
+ */
+static unsigned long PaAlsa_GetFramesPerHostBuffer(unsigned long userFramesPerBuffer, PaTime suggestedLatency, double sampleRate)
+{
+    unsigned long frames = userFramesPerBuffer + PA_MAX( userFramesPerBuffer, (unsigned long)( suggestedLatency * sampleRate ) );
+    return frames;
+}
+
+/** Determine size per host buffer.
+ *
+ * During this method call, the component's framesPerPeriod attribute gets computed, and the corresponding period size
+ * gets configured for the device.
+ * @param accurate: If the configured period size is non-integer, this will be set to 0.
+ */
+static PaError PaAlsaStreamComponent_DetermineFramesPerBuffer( PaAlsaStreamComponent* self, const PaStreamParameters* params,
+        unsigned long framesPerUserBuffer, double sampleRate, snd_pcm_hw_params_t* hwParams, int* accurate )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    unsigned long bufferSize, framesPerHostBuffer;
+    int dir = 0;
+
+    /* Calculate host buffer size */
+    bufferSize = PaAlsa_GetFramesPerHostBuffer(framesPerUserBuffer, params->suggestedLatency, sampleRate);
+
+    /* Log */
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: user-buffer (frames)           = %lu\n", __FUNCTION__, framesPerUserBuffer ));
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: user-buffer (sec)              = %f\n",  __FUNCTION__, (double)(framesPerUserBuffer / sampleRate) ));
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: suggested latency (sec)        = %f\n",  __FUNCTION__, params->suggestedLatency ));
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: suggested host buffer (frames) = %lu\n", __FUNCTION__, bufferSize ));
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: suggested host buffer (sec)    = %f\n",  __FUNCTION__, (double)(bufferSize / sampleRate) ));
+
+#ifdef PA_ALSA_USE_OBSOLETE_HOST_BUFFER_CALC
+
+    if( framesPerUserBuffer != paFramesPerBufferUnspecified )
+    {
+        /* Preferably the host buffer size should be a multiple of the user buffer size */
+
+        if( bufferSize > framesPerUserBuffer )
+        {
+            snd_pcm_uframes_t remainder = bufferSize % framesPerUserBuffer;
+            if( remainder > framesPerUserBuffer / 2. )
+                bufferSize += framesPerUserBuffer - remainder;
+            else
+                bufferSize -= remainder;
+
+            assert( bufferSize % framesPerUserBuffer == 0 );
+        }
+        else if( framesPerUserBuffer % bufferSize != 0 )
+        {
+            /*  Find a good compromise between user specified latency and buffer size */
+            if( bufferSize > framesPerUserBuffer * .75 )
+            {
+                bufferSize = framesPerUserBuffer;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                snd_pcm_uframes_t newSz = framesPerUserBuffer;
+                while( newSz / 2 >= bufferSize )
+                {
+                    if( framesPerUserBuffer % (newSz / 2) != 0 )
+                    {
+                        /* No use dividing any further */
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    newSz /= 2;
+                }
+                bufferSize = newSz;
+            }
+
+            assert( framesPerUserBuffer % bufferSize == 0 );
+        }
+    }
+
+#endif
+
+    {
+        unsigned numPeriods = numPeriods_, maxPeriods = 0, minPeriods = numPeriods_;
+
+        /* It may be that the device only supports 2 periods for instance */
+        dir = 0;
+        ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_get_periods_min( hwParams, &minPeriods, &dir ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        dir = 0;
+        ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_get_periods_max( hwParams, &maxPeriods, &dir ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        assert( maxPeriods > 1 );
+
+        /* Clamp to min/max */
+        numPeriods = PA_MIN(maxPeriods, PA_MAX(minPeriods, numPeriods));
+
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: periods min = %lu, max = %lu, req = %lu \n", __FUNCTION__, minPeriods, maxPeriods, numPeriods ));
+
+#ifndef PA_ALSA_USE_OBSOLETE_HOST_BUFFER_CALC
+
+        /* Calculate period size */
+        framesPerHostBuffer = (bufferSize / numPeriods);
+
+        /* Align & test size */
+        if( framesPerUserBuffer != paFramesPerBufferUnspecified )
+        {
+            /* Align to user buffer size */
+            framesPerHostBuffer = PaAlsa_AlignForward(framesPerHostBuffer, framesPerUserBuffer);
+
+            /* Test (borrowed from older implementation) */
+            if( framesPerHostBuffer < framesPerUserBuffer )
+            {
+                assert( framesPerUserBuffer % framesPerHostBuffer == 0 );
+                if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_period_size( self->pcm, hwParams, framesPerHostBuffer, 0 ) < 0 )
+                {
+                    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_period_size( self->pcm, hwParams, framesPerHostBuffer * 2, 0 ) == 0 )
+                        framesPerHostBuffer *= 2;
+                    else if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_period_size( self->pcm, hwParams, framesPerHostBuffer / 2, 0 ) == 0 )
+                        framesPerHostBuffer /= 2;
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                assert( framesPerHostBuffer % framesPerUserBuffer == 0 );
+                if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_period_size( self->pcm, hwParams, framesPerHostBuffer, 0 ) < 0 )
+                {
+                    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_period_size( self->pcm, hwParams, framesPerHostBuffer + framesPerUserBuffer, 0 ) == 0 )
+                        framesPerHostBuffer += framesPerUserBuffer;
+                    else if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_period_size( self->pcm, hwParams, framesPerHostBuffer - framesPerUserBuffer, 0 ) == 0 )
+                        framesPerHostBuffer -= framesPerUserBuffer;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PA_ALSA_USE_OBSOLETE_HOST_BUFFER_CALC
+
+        if( framesPerUserBuffer != paFramesPerBufferUnspecified )
+        {
+            /* Try to get a power-of-two of the user buffer size. */
+            framesPerHostBuffer = framesPerUserBuffer;
+            if( framesPerHostBuffer < bufferSize )
+            {
+                while( bufferSize / framesPerHostBuffer > numPeriods )
+                {
+                    framesPerHostBuffer *= 2;
+                }
+                /* One extra period is preferable to one less (should be more robust) */
+                if( bufferSize / framesPerHostBuffer < numPeriods )
+                {
+                    framesPerHostBuffer /= 2;
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                while( bufferSize / framesPerHostBuffer < numPeriods )
+                {
+                    if( framesPerUserBuffer % ( framesPerHostBuffer / 2 ) != 0 )
+                    {
+                        /* Can't be divided any further */
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    framesPerHostBuffer /= 2;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if( framesPerHostBuffer < framesPerUserBuffer )
+            {
+                assert( framesPerUserBuffer % framesPerHostBuffer == 0 );
+                if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_period_size( self->pcm, hwParams, framesPerHostBuffer, 0 ) < 0 )
+                {
+                    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_period_size( self->pcm, hwParams, framesPerHostBuffer * 2, 0 ) == 0 )
+                        framesPerHostBuffer *= 2;
+                    else if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_period_size( self->pcm, hwParams, framesPerHostBuffer / 2, 0 ) == 0 )
+                        framesPerHostBuffer /= 2;
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                assert( framesPerHostBuffer % framesPerUserBuffer == 0 );
+                if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_period_size( self->pcm, hwParams, framesPerHostBuffer, 0 ) < 0 )
+                {
+                    if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_period_size( self->pcm, hwParams, framesPerHostBuffer + framesPerUserBuffer, 0 ) == 0 )
+                        framesPerHostBuffer += framesPerUserBuffer;
+                    else if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_period_size( self->pcm, hwParams, framesPerHostBuffer - framesPerUserBuffer, 0 ) == 0 )
+                        framesPerHostBuffer -= framesPerUserBuffer;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            framesPerHostBuffer = bufferSize / numPeriods;
+        }
+
+        /* non-mmap mode needs a reasonably-sized buffer or it'll stutter */
+        if( !self->canMmap && framesPerHostBuffer < 2048 )
+            framesPerHostBuffer = 2048;
+#endif
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: suggested host buffer period   = %lu \n", __FUNCTION__, framesPerHostBuffer ));
+    }
+
+    {
+        /* Get min/max period sizes and adjust our chosen */
+        snd_pcm_uframes_t min = 0, max = 0, minmax_diff;
+        ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size_min( hwParams, &min, NULL ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size_max( hwParams, &max, NULL ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        minmax_diff = max - min;
+
+        if( framesPerHostBuffer < min )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: The determined period size (%lu) is less than minimum (%lu)\n", __FUNCTION__, framesPerHostBuffer, min ));
+            framesPerHostBuffer = (( minmax_diff == 2 ) ? min + 1 : min );
+        }
+        else if( framesPerHostBuffer > max )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: The determined period size (%lu) is greater than maximum (%lu)\n", __FUNCTION__, framesPerHostBuffer, max ));
+            framesPerHostBuffer = (( minmax_diff == 2 ) ? max - 1 : max );
+        }
+
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: device period minimum          = %lu\n", __FUNCTION__, min ));
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: device period maximum          = %lu\n", __FUNCTION__, max ));
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: host buffer period             = %lu\n", __FUNCTION__, framesPerHostBuffer ));
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: host buffer period latency     = %f\n", __FUNCTION__, (double)( framesPerHostBuffer / sampleRate ) ));
+
+        /* Try setting period size */
+        dir = 0;
+        ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_size_near( self->pcm, hwParams, &framesPerHostBuffer, &dir ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        if( dir != 0 )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: The configured period size is non-integer.\n", __FUNCTION__, dir ));
+            *accurate = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Set result */
+    self->framesPerPeriod = framesPerHostBuffer;
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+/* We need to determine how many frames per host buffer (period) to use.  Our
+ * goals are to provide the best possible performance, but also to
+ * honor the requested latency settings as closely as we can. Therefore this
+ * decision is based on:
+ *
+ *   - the period sizes that playback and/or capture support.  The
+ *     host buffer size has to be one of these.
+ *   - the number of periods that playback and/or capture support.
+ *
+ * We want to make period_size*(num_periods-1) to be as close as possible
+ * to latency*rate for both playback and capture.
+ *
+ * This method will determine suitable period sizes for capture and playback handles, and report the maximum number of
+ * frames per host buffer. The latter is relevant, in case we should be so unfortunate that the period size differs
+ * between capture and playback. If this should happen, the stream's hostBufferSizeMode attribute will be set to
+ * paUtilBoundedHostBufferSize, because the best we can do is limit the size of individual host buffers to the upper
+ * bound. The size of host buffers scheduled for processing should only matter if the user has specified a buffer size,
+ * but when he/she does we must strive for an optimal configuration. By default we'll opt for a fixed host buffer size,
+ * which should be fine if the period size is the same for capture and playback. In general, if there is a specified user
+ * buffer size, this method tries it best to determine a period size which is a multiple of the user buffer size.
+ *
+ * The framesPerPeriod attributes of the individual capture and playback components of the stream are set to corresponding
+ * values determined here. Since these should be reported as
+ *
+ * This is one of those blocks of code that will just take a lot of
+ * refinement to be any good.
+ *
+ * In the full-duplex case it is possible that the routine was unable
+ * to find a number of frames per buffer acceptable to both devices
+ * TODO: Implement an algorithm to find the value closest to acceptance
+ * by both devices, to minimize difference between period sizes?
+ *
+ * @param determinedFramesPerHostBuffer: The determined host buffer size.
+ */
+static PaError PaAlsaStream_DetermineFramesPerBuffer( PaAlsaStream* self, double sampleRate, const PaStreamParameters* inputParameters,
+        const PaStreamParameters* outputParameters, unsigned long framesPerUserBuffer, snd_pcm_hw_params_t* hwParamsCapture,
+        snd_pcm_hw_params_t* hwParamsPlayback, PaUtilHostBufferSizeMode* hostBufferSizeMode )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    unsigned long framesPerHostBuffer = 0;
+    int dir = 0;
+    int accurate = 1;
+    unsigned numPeriods = numPeriods_;
+
+    if( self->capture.pcm && self->playback.pcm )
+    {
+        if( framesPerUserBuffer == paFramesPerBufferUnspecified )
+        {
+            /* Come up with a common desired latency */
+            snd_pcm_uframes_t desiredBufSz, e, minPeriodSize, maxPeriodSize, optimalPeriodSize, periodSize,
+                              minCapture, minPlayback, maxCapture, maxPlayback;
+
+            dir = 0;
+            ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size_min( hwParamsCapture, &minCapture, &dir ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+            dir = 0;
+            ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size_min( hwParamsPlayback, &minPlayback, &dir ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+            dir = 0;
+            ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size_max( hwParamsCapture, &maxCapture, &dir ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+            dir = 0;
+            ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size_max( hwParamsPlayback, &maxPlayback, &dir ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+            minPeriodSize = PA_MAX( minPlayback, minCapture );
+            maxPeriodSize = PA_MIN( maxPlayback, maxCapture );
+            PA_UNLESS( minPeriodSize <= maxPeriodSize, paBadIODeviceCombination );
+
+            desiredBufSz = (snd_pcm_uframes_t)( PA_MIN( outputParameters->suggestedLatency, inputParameters->suggestedLatency )
+                    * sampleRate );
+            /* Clamp desiredBufSz */
+            {
+                snd_pcm_uframes_t maxBufferSize;
+                snd_pcm_uframes_t maxBufferSizeCapture, maxBufferSizePlayback;
+                ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_size_max( hwParamsCapture, &maxBufferSizeCapture ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+                ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_size_max( hwParamsPlayback, &maxBufferSizePlayback ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+                maxBufferSize = PA_MIN( maxBufferSizeCapture, maxBufferSizePlayback );
+
+                desiredBufSz = PA_MIN( desiredBufSz, maxBufferSize );
+            }
+
+            /* Find the closest power of 2 */
+            e = ilogb( minPeriodSize );
+            if( minPeriodSize & ( minPeriodSize - 1 ) )
+                e += 1;
+            periodSize = (snd_pcm_uframes_t)pow( 2, e );
+
+            while( periodSize <= maxPeriodSize )
+            {
+                if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_period_size( self->playback.pcm, hwParamsPlayback, periodSize, 0 ) >= 0 &&
+                        alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_period_size( self->capture.pcm, hwParamsCapture, periodSize, 0 ) >= 0 )
+                {
+                    /* OK! */
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                periodSize *= 2;
+            }
+
+            optimalPeriodSize = PA_MAX( desiredBufSz / numPeriods, minPeriodSize );
+            optimalPeriodSize = PA_MIN( optimalPeriodSize, maxPeriodSize );
+
+            /* Find the closest power of 2 */
+            e = ilogb( optimalPeriodSize );
+            if( optimalPeriodSize & (optimalPeriodSize - 1) )
+                e += 1;
+            optimalPeriodSize = (snd_pcm_uframes_t)pow( 2, e );
+
+            while( optimalPeriodSize >= periodSize )
+            {
+                if( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_period_size( self->capture.pcm, hwParamsCapture, optimalPeriodSize, 0 )
+                        >= 0 && alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_test_period_size( self->playback.pcm, hwParamsPlayback,
+                            optimalPeriodSize, 0 ) >= 0 )
+                {
+                    break;
+                }
+                optimalPeriodSize /= 2;
+            }
+
+            if( optimalPeriodSize > periodSize )
+                periodSize = optimalPeriodSize;
+
+            if( periodSize <= maxPeriodSize )
+            {
+                /* Looks good, the periodSize _should_ be acceptable by both devices */
+                ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_size( self->capture.pcm, hwParamsCapture, periodSize, 0 ),
+                        paUnanticipatedHostError );
+                ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_size( self->playback.pcm, hwParamsPlayback, periodSize, 0 ),
+                        paUnanticipatedHostError );
+                self->capture.framesPerPeriod = self->playback.framesPerPeriod = periodSize;
+                framesPerHostBuffer = periodSize;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                /* Unable to find a common period size, oh well */
+                optimalPeriodSize = PA_MAX( desiredBufSz / numPeriods, minPeriodSize );
+                optimalPeriodSize = PA_MIN( optimalPeriodSize, maxPeriodSize );
+
+                self->capture.framesPerPeriod = optimalPeriodSize;
+                dir = 0;
+                ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_size_near( self->capture.pcm, hwParamsCapture, &self->capture.framesPerPeriod, &dir ),
+                        paUnanticipatedHostError );
+                self->playback.framesPerPeriod = optimalPeriodSize;
+                dir = 0;
+                ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_size_near( self->playback.pcm, hwParamsPlayback, &self->playback.framesPerPeriod, &dir ),
+                        paUnanticipatedHostError );
+                framesPerHostBuffer = PA_MAX( self->capture.framesPerPeriod, self->playback.framesPerPeriod );
+                *hostBufferSizeMode = paUtilBoundedHostBufferSize;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            /* We choose the simple route and determine a suitable number of frames per buffer for one component of
+             * the stream, then we hope that this will work for the other component too (it should!).
+             */
+
+            unsigned maxPeriods = 0;
+            PaAlsaStreamComponent* first = &self->capture, * second = &self->playback;
+            const PaStreamParameters* firstStreamParams = inputParameters;
+            snd_pcm_hw_params_t* firstHwParams = hwParamsCapture, * secondHwParams = hwParamsPlayback;
+
+            dir = 0;
+            ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_get_periods_max( hwParamsPlayback, &maxPeriods, &dir ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+            if( maxPeriods < numPeriods )
+            {
+                /* The playback component is trickier to get right, try that first */
+                first = &self->playback;
+                second = &self->capture;
+                firstStreamParams = outputParameters;
+                firstHwParams = hwParamsPlayback;
+                secondHwParams = hwParamsCapture;
+            }
+
+            PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_DetermineFramesPerBuffer( first, firstStreamParams, framesPerUserBuffer,
+                        sampleRate, firstHwParams, &accurate ) );
+
+            second->framesPerPeriod = first->framesPerPeriod;
+            dir = 0;
+            ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_size_near( second->pcm, secondHwParams, &second->framesPerPeriod, &dir ),
+                    paUnanticipatedHostError );
+            if( self->capture.framesPerPeriod == self->playback.framesPerPeriod )
+            {
+                framesPerHostBuffer = self->capture.framesPerPeriod;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                framesPerHostBuffer = PA_MAX( self->capture.framesPerPeriod, self->playback.framesPerPeriod );
+                *hostBufferSizeMode = paUtilBoundedHostBufferSize;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else    /* half-duplex is a slightly simpler case */
+    {
+        if( self->capture.pcm )
+        {
+            PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_DetermineFramesPerBuffer( &self->capture, inputParameters, framesPerUserBuffer,
+                        sampleRate, hwParamsCapture, &accurate) );
+            framesPerHostBuffer = self->capture.framesPerPeriod;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            assert( self->playback.pcm );
+            PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_DetermineFramesPerBuffer( &self->playback, outputParameters, framesPerUserBuffer,
+                        sampleRate, hwParamsPlayback, &accurate ) );
+            framesPerHostBuffer = self->playback.framesPerPeriod;
+        }
+    }
+
+    PA_UNLESS( framesPerHostBuffer != 0, paInternalError );
+    self->maxFramesPerHostBuffer = framesPerHostBuffer;
+
+    if( (self->playback.pcm && !self->playback.canMmap) || !accurate )
+    {
+        /* Don't know the exact size per host buffer */
+        *hostBufferSizeMode = paUtilBoundedHostBufferSize;
+        /* Raise upper bound */
+        if( !accurate )
+            ++self->maxFramesPerHostBuffer;
+    }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+/** Set up ALSA stream parameters.
+ *
+ */
+static PaError PaAlsaStream_Configure( PaAlsaStream *self, const PaStreamParameters *inParams, const PaStreamParameters*
+        outParams, double sampleRate, unsigned long framesPerUserBuffer, double* inputLatency, double* outputLatency,
+        PaUtilHostBufferSizeMode* hostBufferSizeMode )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    double realSr = sampleRate;
+    snd_pcm_hw_params_t* hwParamsCapture, * hwParamsPlayback;
+
+    alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_alloca( &hwParamsCapture );
+    alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_alloca( &hwParamsPlayback );
+
+    if( self->capture.pcm )
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_InitialConfigure( &self->capture, inParams, self->primeBuffers, hwParamsCapture,
+                    &realSr ) );
+    if( self->playback.pcm )
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_InitialConfigure( &self->playback, outParams, self->primeBuffers, hwParamsPlayback,
+                    &realSr ) );
+
+    PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStream_DetermineFramesPerBuffer( self, realSr, inParams, outParams, framesPerUserBuffer,
+                hwParamsCapture, hwParamsPlayback, hostBufferSizeMode ) );
+
+    if( self->capture.pcm )
+    {
+        assert( self->capture.framesPerPeriod != 0 );
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_FinishConfigure( &self->capture, hwParamsCapture, inParams, self->primeBuffers, realSr,
+                    inputLatency ) );
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Capture period size: %lu, latency: %f\n", __FUNCTION__, self->capture.framesPerPeriod, *inputLatency ));
+    }
+    if( self->playback.pcm )
+    {
+        assert( self->playback.framesPerPeriod != 0 );
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_FinishConfigure( &self->playback, hwParamsPlayback, outParams, self->primeBuffers, realSr,
+                    outputLatency ) );
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Playback period size: %lu, latency: %f\n", __FUNCTION__, self->playback.framesPerPeriod, *outputLatency ));
+    }
+
+    /* Should be exact now */
+    self->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate = realSr;
+
+    /* this will cause the two streams to automatically start/stop/prepare in sync.
+     * We only need to execute these operations on one of the pair.
+     * A: We don't want to do this on a blocking stream.
+     */
+    if( self->callbackMode && self->capture.pcm && self->playback.pcm )
+    {
+        int err = alsa_snd_pcm_link( self->capture.pcm, self->playback.pcm );
+        if( err == 0 )
+            self->pcmsSynced = 1;
+        else
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Unable to sync pcms: %s\n", __FUNCTION__, alsa_snd_strerror( err ) ));
+    }
+
+    {
+        unsigned long minFramesPerHostBuffer = PA_MIN( self->capture.pcm ? self->capture.framesPerPeriod : ULONG_MAX,
+            self->playback.pcm ? self->playback.framesPerPeriod : ULONG_MAX );
+        self->pollTimeout = CalculatePollTimeout( self, minFramesPerHostBuffer );    /* Period in msecs, rounded up */
+
+        /* Time before watchdog unthrottles realtime thread == 1/4 of period time in msecs */
+        /* self->threading.throttledSleepTime = (unsigned long) (minFramesPerHostBuffer / sampleRate / 4 * 1000); */
+    }
+
+    if( self->callbackMode )
+    {
+        /* If the user expects a certain number of frames per callback we will either have to rely on block adaption
+         * (framesPerHostBuffer is not an integer multiple of framesPerPeriod) or we can simply align the number
+         * of host buffer frames with what the user specified */
+        if( self->framesPerUserBuffer != paFramesPerBufferUnspecified )
+        {
+            /* self->alignFrames = 1; */
+
+            /* Unless the ratio between number of host and user buffer frames is an integer we will have to rely
+             * on block adaption */
+        /*
+            if( framesPerHostBuffer % framesPerPeriod != 0 || (self->capture.pcm && self->playback.pcm &&
+                        self->capture.framesPerPeriod != self->playback.framesPerPeriod) )
+                self->useBlockAdaption = 1;
+            else
+                self->alignFrames = 1;
+        */
+        }
+    }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError OpenStream( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                           PaStream** s,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                           double sampleRate,
+                           unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                           PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                           PaStreamCallback* callback,
+                           void *userData )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAlsaHostApiRepresentation *alsaHostApi = (PaAlsaHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    PaAlsaStream *stream = NULL;
+    PaSampleFormat hostInputSampleFormat = 0, hostOutputSampleFormat = 0;
+    PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat = 0, outputSampleFormat = 0;
+    int numInputChannels = 0, numOutputChannels = 0;
+    PaTime inputLatency, outputLatency;
+    /* Operate with fixed host buffer size by default, since other modes will invariably lead to block adaption */
+    /* XXX: Use Bounded by default? Output tends to get stuttery with Fixed ... */
+    PaUtilHostBufferSizeMode hostBufferSizeMode = paUtilFixedHostBufferSize;
+
+    if( ( streamFlags & paPlatformSpecificFlags ) != 0 )
+        return paInvalidFlag;
+
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        PA_ENSURE( ValidateParameters( inputParameters, hostApi, StreamDirection_In ) );
+
+        numInputChannels = inputParameters->channelCount;
+        inputSampleFormat = inputParameters->sampleFormat;
+    }
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        PA_ENSURE( ValidateParameters( outputParameters, hostApi, StreamDirection_Out ) );
+
+        numOutputChannels = outputParameters->channelCount;
+        outputSampleFormat = outputParameters->sampleFormat;
+    }
+
+    /* XXX: Why do we support this anyway? */
+    if( framesPerBuffer == paFramesPerBufferUnspecified && getenv( "PA_ALSA_PERIODSIZE" ) != NULL )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Getting framesPerBuffer (Alsa period-size) from environment\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+        framesPerBuffer = atoi( getenv("PA_ALSA_PERIODSIZE") );
+    }
+
+    PA_UNLESS( stream = (PaAlsaStream*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaAlsaStream) ), paInsufficientMemory );
+    PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStream_Initialize( stream, alsaHostApi, inputParameters, outputParameters, sampleRate,
+                framesPerBuffer, callback, streamFlags, userData ) );
+
+    PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStream_Configure( stream, inputParameters, outputParameters, sampleRate, framesPerBuffer,
+                &inputLatency, &outputLatency, &hostBufferSizeMode ) );
+    hostInputSampleFormat = stream->capture.hostSampleFormat | (!stream->capture.hostInterleaved ? paNonInterleaved : 0);
+    hostOutputSampleFormat = stream->playback.hostSampleFormat | (!stream->playback.hostInterleaved ? paNonInterleaved : 0);
+
+    PA_ENSURE( PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor,
+                    numInputChannels, inputSampleFormat, hostInputSampleFormat,
+                    numOutputChannels, outputSampleFormat, hostOutputSampleFormat,
+                    sampleRate, streamFlags, framesPerBuffer, stream->maxFramesPerHostBuffer,
+                    hostBufferSizeMode, callback, userData ) );
+
+    /* Ok, buffer processor is initialized, now we can deduce it's latency */
+    if( numInputChannels > 0 )
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.inputLatency = inputLatency + (PaTime)(
+                PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames( &stream->bufferProcessor ) / sampleRate);
+    if( numOutputChannels > 0 )
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency = outputLatency + (PaTime)(
+                PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames( &stream->bufferProcessor ) / sampleRate);
+
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Stream: framesPerBuffer = %lu, maxFramesPerHostBuffer = %lu, latency i=%f, o=%f\n", __FUNCTION__, framesPerBuffer, stream->maxFramesPerHostBuffer, stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.inputLatency, stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency));
+
+    *s = (PaStream*)stream;
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    if( stream )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Stream in error, terminating\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+        PaAlsaStream_Terminate( stream );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError CloseStream( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAlsaStream *stream = (PaAlsaStream*)s;
+
+    PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+    PaUtil_TerminateStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation );
+
+    PaAlsaStream_Terminate( stream );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static void SilenceBuffer( PaAlsaStream *stream )
+{
+    const snd_pcm_channel_area_t *areas;
+    snd_pcm_uframes_t frames = (snd_pcm_uframes_t)alsa_snd_pcm_avail_update( stream->playback.pcm ), offset;
+
+    alsa_snd_pcm_mmap_begin( stream->playback.pcm, &areas, &offset, &frames );
+    alsa_snd_pcm_areas_silence( areas, offset, stream->playback.numHostChannels, frames, stream->playback.nativeFormat );
+    alsa_snd_pcm_mmap_commit( stream->playback.pcm, offset, frames );
+}
+
+/** Start/prepare pcm(s) for streaming.
+ *
+ * Depending on whether the stream is in callback or blocking mode, we will respectively start or simply
+ * prepare the playback pcm. If the buffer has _not_ been primed, we will in callback mode prepare and
+ * silence the buffer before starting playback. In blocking mode we simply prepare, as the playback will
+ * be started automatically as the user writes to output.
+ *
+ * The capture pcm, however, will simply be prepared and started.
+ */
+static PaError AlsaStart( PaAlsaStream *stream, int priming )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    if( stream->playback.pcm )
+    {
+        if( stream->callbackMode )
+        {
+            if( !priming )
+            {
+                /* Buffer isn't primed, so prepare and silence */
+                ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_prepare( stream->playback.pcm ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+                if( stream->playback.canMmap )
+                    SilenceBuffer( stream );
+            }
+            if( stream->playback.canMmap )
+                ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_start( stream->playback.pcm ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        }
+        else
+            ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_prepare( stream->playback.pcm ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    }
+    if( stream->capture.pcm && !stream->pcmsSynced )
+    {
+        ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_prepare( stream->capture.pcm ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        /* For a blocking stream we want to start capture as well, since nothing will happen otherwise */
+        ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_start( stream->capture.pcm ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    }
+
+end:
+    return result;
+error:
+    goto end;
+}
+
+/** Utility function for determining if pcms are in running state.
+ *
+ */
+#if 0
+static int IsRunning( PaAlsaStream *stream )
+{
+    int result = 0;
+
+    PA_ENSURE( PaUnixMutex_Lock( &stream->stateMtx ) );
+    if( stream->capture.pcm )
+    {
+        snd_pcm_state_t capture_state = alsa_snd_pcm_state( stream->capture.pcm );
+
+        if( capture_state == SND_PCM_STATE_RUNNING || capture_state == SND_PCM_STATE_XRUN
+                || capture_state == SND_PCM_STATE_DRAINING )
+        {
+            result = 1;
+            goto end;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( stream->playback.pcm )
+    {
+        snd_pcm_state_t playback_state = alsa_snd_pcm_state( stream->playback.pcm );
+
+        if( playback_state == SND_PCM_STATE_RUNNING || playback_state == SND_PCM_STATE_XRUN
+                || playback_state == SND_PCM_STATE_DRAINING )
+        {
+            result = 1;
+            goto end;
+        }
+    }
+
+end:
+    ASSERT_CALL_( PaUnixMutex_Unlock( &stream->stateMtx ), paNoError );
+    return result;
+error:
+    goto error;
+}
+#endif
+
+static PaError StartStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAlsaStream* stream = (PaAlsaStream*)s;
+    int streamStarted = 0;  /* So we can know whether we need to take the stream down */
+
+    /* Ready the processor */
+    PaUtil_ResetBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+
+    /* Set now, so we can test for activity further down */
+    stream->isActive = 1;
+
+    if( stream->callbackMode )
+    {
+        PA_ENSURE( PaUnixThread_New( &stream->thread, &CallbackThreadFunc, stream, 1., stream->rtSched ) );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_ENSURE( AlsaStart( stream, 0 ) );
+        streamStarted = 1;
+    }
+
+end:
+    return result;
+error:
+    if( streamStarted )
+    {
+        AbortStream( stream );
+    }
+    stream->isActive = 0;
+
+    goto end;
+}
+
+/** Stop PCM handle, either softly or abruptly.
+ */
+static PaError AlsaStop( PaAlsaStream *stream, int abort )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    /* XXX: alsa_snd_pcm_drain tends to lock up, avoid it until we find out more */
+    abort = 1;
+    /*
+    if( stream->capture.pcm && !strcmp( Pa_GetDeviceInfo( stream->capture.device )->name,
+                "dmix" ) )
+    {
+        abort = 1;
+    }
+    else if( stream->playback.pcm && !strcmp( Pa_GetDeviceInfo( stream->playback.device )->name,
+                "dmix" ) )
+    {
+        abort = 1;
+    }
+    */
+
+    if( abort )
+    {
+        if( stream->playback.pcm )
+        {
+            ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_drop( stream->playback.pcm ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        }
+        if( stream->capture.pcm && !stream->pcmsSynced )
+        {
+            ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_drop( stream->capture.pcm ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        }
+
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Dropped frames\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if( stream->playback.pcm )
+        {
+            ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_nonblock( stream->playback.pcm, 0 ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+            if( alsa_snd_pcm_drain( stream->playback.pcm ) < 0 )
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Draining playback handle failed!\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+            }
+        }
+        if( stream->capture.pcm && !stream->pcmsSynced )
+        {
+            /* We don't need to retrieve any remaining frames */
+            if( alsa_snd_pcm_drain( stream->capture.pcm ) < 0 )
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Draining capture handle failed!\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+end:
+    return result;
+error:
+    goto end;
+}
+
+/** Stop or abort stream.
+ *
+ * If a stream is in callback mode we will have to inspect whether the background thread has
+ * finished, or we will have to take it out. In either case we join the thread before
+ * returning. In blocking mode, we simply tell ALSA to stop abruptly (abort) or finish
+ * buffers (drain)
+ *
+ * Stream will be considered inactive (!PaAlsaStream::isActive) after a call to this function
+ */
+static PaError RealStop( PaAlsaStream *stream, int abort )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    /* First deal with the callback thread, cancelling and/or joining
+     * it if necessary
+     */
+    if( stream->callbackMode )
+    {
+        PaError threadRes;
+        stream->callbackAbort = abort;
+
+        if( !abort )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(( "Stopping callback\n" ));
+        }
+        PA_ENSURE( PaUnixThread_Terminate( &stream->thread, !abort, &threadRes ) );
+        if( threadRes != paNoError )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(( "Callback thread returned: %d\n", threadRes ));
+        }
+#if 0
+        if( watchdogRes != paNoError )
+            PA_DEBUG(( "Watchdog thread returned: %d\n", watchdogRes ));
+#endif
+
+        stream->callback_finished = 0;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_ENSURE( AlsaStop( stream, abort ) );
+    }
+
+    stream->isActive = 0;
+
+end:
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    goto end;
+}
+
+static PaError StopStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    return RealStop( (PaAlsaStream *) s, 0 );
+}
+
+static PaError AbortStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    return RealStop( (PaAlsaStream * ) s, 1 );
+}
+
+/** The stream is considered stopped before StartStream, or AFTER a call to Abort/StopStream (callback
+ * returning !paContinue is not considered)
+ *
+ */
+static PaError IsStreamStopped( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaAlsaStream *stream = (PaAlsaStream *)s;
+
+    /* callback_finished indicates we need to join callback thread (ie. in Abort/StopStream) */
+    return !IsStreamActive( s ) && !stream->callback_finished;
+}
+
+static PaError IsStreamActive( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaAlsaStream *stream = (PaAlsaStream*)s;
+    return stream->isActive;
+}
+
+/** Extract audio/trigger htstamp from status and convert into PaTime (seconds).
+ *
+ * trigger is boolean:  trigger stampstamp vs audio timestamp.  If delay is non-NULL, return delay in
+ * frames.  */
+static PaTime StatusToTime( const snd_pcm_status_t *status, int trigger, snd_pcm_uframes_t* delay )
+{
+    snd_htimestamp_t timestamp;
+    if ( trigger )
+    {
+        alsa_snd_pcm_status_get_trigger_htstamp( status, &timestamp );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        alsa_snd_pcm_status_get_htstamp( status, &timestamp );
+    }
+    if ( delay )
+    {
+        *delay = alsa_snd_pcm_status_get_delay( status );
+    }
+    return timestamp.tv_sec + ( (PaTime)timestamp.tv_nsec * 1e-9 );
+}
+
+static PaTime GetStreamTime( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaAlsaStream *stream = (PaAlsaStream*)s;
+
+    snd_timestamp_t timestamp;
+    snd_pcm_status_t* status;
+    alsa_snd_pcm_status_alloca( &status );
+
+    /* TODO: what if we have both?  does it really matter? */
+
+    /* TODO: if running in callback mode, this will mean
+     * libasound routines are being called from multiple threads.
+     * need to verify that libasound is thread-safe. */
+
+    if( stream->capture.pcm )
+    {
+        alsa_snd_pcm_status( stream->capture.pcm, status );
+    }
+    else if( stream->playback.pcm )
+    {
+        alsa_snd_pcm_status( stream->playback.pcm, status );
+    }
+
+    return StatusToTime( status, 0, NULL );
+}
+
+static double GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaAlsaStream *stream = (PaAlsaStream*)s;
+
+    return PaUtil_GetCpuLoad( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+}
+
+/* Set the stream sample rate to a nominal value requested; allow only a defined tolerance range */
+static int SetApproximateSampleRate( snd_pcm_t *pcm, snd_pcm_hw_params_t *hwParams, double sampleRate )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    unsigned int reqRate, setRate, deviation;
+
+    assert( pcm && hwParams );
+
+    /* The Alsa sample rate is set by integer value; also the actual rate may differ */
+    reqRate = setRate = (unsigned int) sampleRate;
+
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_near( pcm, hwParams, &setRate, NULL ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    /* The value actually set will be put in 'setRate' (may be way off); check the deviation as a proportion
+     * of the requested-rate with reference to the max-deviate-ratio (larger values allow less deviation) */
+    deviation = abs( (int)setRate - (int)reqRate );
+    if( deviation > 0 && deviation * RATE_MAX_DEVIATE_RATIO > reqRate )
+        result = paInvalidSampleRate;
+
+end:
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    /* Log */
+    {
+        unsigned int _min = 0, _max = 0;
+        int _dir = 0;
+        ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_get_rate_min( hwParams, &_min, &_dir ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        _dir = 0;
+        ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_get_rate_max( hwParams, &_max, &_dir ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: SR min = %u, max = %u, req = %u\n", __FUNCTION__, _min, _max, reqRate ));
+    }
+    goto end;
+}
+
+/* Return exact sample rate in param sampleRate */
+static int GetExactSampleRate( snd_pcm_hw_params_t *hwParams, double *sampleRate )
+{
+    unsigned int num, den = 1;
+    int err;
+
+    assert( hwParams );
+
+    err = alsa_snd_pcm_hw_params_get_rate_numden( hwParams, &num, &den );
+    *sampleRate = (double) num / den;
+
+    return err;
+}
+
+/* Utility functions for blocking/callback interfaces */
+
+/* Atomic restart of stream (we don't want the intermediate state visible) */
+static PaError AlsaRestart( PaAlsaStream *stream )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    PA_ENSURE( PaUnixMutex_Lock( &stream->stateMtx ) );
+    PA_ENSURE( AlsaStop( stream, 0 ) );
+    PA_ENSURE( AlsaStart( stream, 0 ) );
+
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Restarted audio\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+
+error:
+    PA_ENSURE( PaUnixMutex_Unlock( &stream->stateMtx ) );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/** Recover from xrun state.
+ *
+ */
+static PaError PaAlsaStream_HandleXrun( PaAlsaStream *self )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    snd_pcm_status_t *st;
+    PaTime now = PaUtil_GetTime();
+    snd_timestamp_t t;
+    int restartAlsa = 0; /* do not restart Alsa by default */
+
+    alsa_snd_pcm_status_alloca( &st );
+
+    if( self->playback.pcm )
+    {
+        alsa_snd_pcm_status( self->playback.pcm, st );
+        if( alsa_snd_pcm_status_get_state( st ) == SND_PCM_STATE_XRUN )
+        {
+            alsa_snd_pcm_status_get_trigger_tstamp( st, &t );
+            self->underrun = ( now - StatusToTime( st, 1, NULL ) ) * 1000;
+
+            if( !self->playback.canMmap )
+            {
+                if( alsa_snd_pcm_recover( self->playback.pcm, -EPIPE, 0 ) < 0 )
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: [playback] non-MMAP-PCM failed recovering from XRUN, will restart Alsa\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+                    ++ restartAlsa; /* did not manage to recover */
+                }
+            }
+            else
+                ++ restartAlsa; /* always restart MMAPed device */
+        }
+    }
+    if( self->capture.pcm )
+    {
+        alsa_snd_pcm_status( self->capture.pcm, st );
+        if( alsa_snd_pcm_status_get_state( st ) == SND_PCM_STATE_XRUN )
+        {
+            self->overrun = ( now - StatusToTime( st, 1, NULL ) ) * 1000;
+
+            if (!self->capture.canMmap)
+            {
+                if (alsa_snd_pcm_recover( self->capture.pcm, -EPIPE, 0 ) < 0)
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: [capture] non-MMAP-PCM failed recovering from XRUN, will restart Alsa\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+                    ++ restartAlsa; /* did not manage to recover */
+                }
+            }
+            else
+                ++ restartAlsa; /* always restart MMAPed device */
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( restartAlsa )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: restarting Alsa to recover from XRUN\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+        PA_ENSURE( AlsaRestart( self ) );
+    }
+
+end:
+    return result;
+error:
+    goto end;
+}
+
+/** Decide if we should continue polling for specified direction, eventually adjust the poll timeout.
+ *
+ */
+static PaError ContinuePoll( const PaAlsaStream *stream, StreamDirection streamDir, int *pollTimeout, int *continuePoll )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    snd_pcm_sframes_t delay, margin;
+    int err;
+    const PaAlsaStreamComponent *component = NULL, *otherComponent = NULL;
+
+    *continuePoll = 1;
+
+    if( StreamDirection_In == streamDir )
+    {
+        component = &stream->capture;
+        otherComponent = &stream->playback;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        component = &stream->playback;
+        otherComponent = &stream->capture;
+    }
+
+    /* ALSA docs say that negative delay should indicate xrun, but in my experience alsa_snd_pcm_delay returns -EPIPE */
+    if( ( err = alsa_snd_pcm_delay( otherComponent->pcm, &delay ) ) < 0 )
+    {
+        if( err == -EPIPE )
+        {
+            /* Xrun */
+            *continuePoll = 0;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        ENSURE_( err, paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    }
+
+    if( StreamDirection_Out == streamDir )
+    {
+        /* Number of eligible frames before capture overrun */
+        delay = otherComponent->alsaBufferSize - delay;
+    }
+    margin = delay - otherComponent->framesPerPeriod / 2;
+
+    if( margin < 0 )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Stopping poll for %s\n", __FUNCTION__, StreamDirection_In == streamDir ? "capture" : "playback" ));
+        *continuePoll = 0;
+    }
+    else if( margin < otherComponent->framesPerPeriod )
+    {
+        *pollTimeout = CalculatePollTimeout( stream, margin );
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Trying to poll again for %s frames, pollTimeout: %d\n",
+                    __FUNCTION__, StreamDirection_In == streamDir ? "capture" : "playback", *pollTimeout ));
+    }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+/* Callback interface */
+
+static void OnExit( void *data )
+{
+    PaAlsaStream *stream = (PaAlsaStream *) data;
+
+    assert( data );
+
+    PaUtil_ResetCpuLoadMeasurer( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+
+    stream->callback_finished = 1;  /* Let the outside world know stream was stopped in callback */
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Stopping ALSA handles\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+    AlsaStop( stream, stream->callbackAbort );
+
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Stoppage\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+
+    /* Eventually notify user all buffers have played */
+    if( stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback )
+    {
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback( stream->streamRepresentation.userData );
+    }
+    stream->isActive = 0;
+}
+
+static void CalculateTimeInfo( PaAlsaStream *stream, PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo *timeInfo )
+{
+    snd_pcm_status_t *status;
+    PaTime capture_time = 0., playback_time = 0.;
+
+    alsa_snd_pcm_status_alloca( &status );
+
+    if( stream->capture.pcm )
+    {
+        snd_pcm_sframes_t capture_delay;
+
+        alsa_snd_pcm_status( stream->capture.pcm, status );
+        capture_time = StatusToTime( status, 0, &capture_delay );
+
+        timeInfo->currentTime = capture_time;
+        timeInfo->inputBufferAdcTime = capture_time -
+            (PaTime)capture_delay / stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate;
+    }
+    if( stream->playback.pcm )
+    {
+        snd_pcm_sframes_t playback_delay;
+        PaTime playback_time;
+
+        alsa_snd_pcm_status( stream->playback.pcm, status );
+        playback_time = StatusToTime( status, 0, &playback_delay );
+
+        if( stream->capture.pcm ) /* Full duplex */
+        {
+            /* Hmm, we have both a playback and a capture timestamp.
+             * Hopefully they are the same... */
+            if( fabs( capture_time - playback_time ) > 0.01 )
+                PA_DEBUG(( "Capture time and playback time differ by %f\n", fabs( capture_time-playback_time ) ));
+        }
+        else
+            timeInfo->currentTime = playback_time;
+
+        timeInfo->outputBufferDacTime = timeInfo->currentTime +
+            (PaTime)playback_delay / stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate;
+    }
+}
+
+/** Called after buffer processing is finished.
+ *
+ * A number of mmapped frames is committed, it is possible that an xrun has occurred in the meantime.
+ *
+ * @param numFrames The number of frames that has been processed
+ * @param xrun Return whether an xrun has occurred
+ */
+static PaError PaAlsaStreamComponent_EndProcessing( PaAlsaStreamComponent *self, unsigned long numFrames, int *xrun )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    int res = 0;
+
+    /* @concern FullDuplex It is possible that only one direction is marked ready after polling, and processed
+     * afterwards
+     */
+    if( !self->ready )
+        goto end;
+
+    if( !self->canMmap && StreamDirection_Out == self->streamDir )
+    {
+        /* Play sound */
+        if( self->hostInterleaved )
+            res = alsa_snd_pcm_writei( self->pcm, self->nonMmapBuffer, numFrames );
+        else
+        {
+            void *bufs[self->numHostChannels];
+            int bufsize = alsa_snd_pcm_format_size( self->nativeFormat, self->framesPerPeriod + 1 );
+            unsigned char *buffer = self->nonMmapBuffer;
+            int i;
+            for( i = 0; i < self->numHostChannels; ++i )
+            {
+                bufs[i] = buffer;
+                buffer += bufsize;
+            }
+            res = alsa_snd_pcm_writen( self->pcm, bufs, numFrames );
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( self->canMmap )
+        res = alsa_snd_pcm_mmap_commit( self->pcm, self->offset, numFrames );
+
+    if( res == -EPIPE )
+    {
+        *xrun = 1;
+    }
+    // ESTRPIPE is provided by the Linux kernel headers, and is unavailable
+    // on the BSDs, which can still use alsalib.
+#if defined(ESTRPIPE) && ESTRPIPE != EPIPE
+    else if( res == -ESTRPIPE )
+    {
+        *xrun = 1;
+    }
+#endif
+    else
+    {
+        ENSURE_( res, paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    }
+
+end:
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+/* Extract buffer from channel area */
+static unsigned char *ExtractAddress( const snd_pcm_channel_area_t *area, snd_pcm_uframes_t offset )
+{
+    return (unsigned char *) area->addr + ( area->first + offset * area->step ) / 8;
+}
+
+/** Do necessary adaption between user and host channels.
+ *
+    @concern ChannelAdaption Adapting between user and host channels can involve silencing unused channels and
+    duplicating mono information if host outputs come in pairs.
+ */
+static PaError PaAlsaStreamComponent_DoChannelAdaption( PaAlsaStreamComponent *self, PaUtilBufferProcessor *bp, int numFrames )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    unsigned char *p;
+    int i;
+    int unusedChans = self->numHostChannels - self->numUserChannels;
+    unsigned char *src, *dst;
+    int convertMono = ( self->numHostChannels % 2 ) == 0 && ( self->numUserChannels % 2 ) != 0;
+
+    assert( StreamDirection_Out == self->streamDir );
+
+    if( self->hostInterleaved )
+    {
+        int swidth = alsa_snd_pcm_format_size( self->nativeFormat, 1 );
+        unsigned char *buffer = self->canMmap ? ExtractAddress( self->channelAreas, self->offset ) : self->nonMmapBuffer;
+
+        /* Start after the last user channel */
+        p = buffer + self->numUserChannels * swidth;
+
+        if( convertMono )
+        {
+            /* Convert the last user channel into stereo pair */
+            src = buffer + ( self->numUserChannels - 1 ) * swidth;
+            for( i = 0; i < numFrames; ++i )
+            {
+                dst = src + swidth;
+                memcpy( dst, src, swidth );
+                src += self->numHostChannels * swidth;
+            }
+
+            /* Don't touch the channel we just wrote to */
+            p += swidth;
+            --unusedChans;
+        }
+
+        if( unusedChans > 0 )
+        {
+            /* Silence unused output channels */
+            for( i = 0; i < numFrames; ++i )
+            {
+                memset( p, 0, swidth * unusedChans );
+                p += self->numHostChannels * swidth;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* We extract the last user channel */
+        if( convertMono )
+        {
+            ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_area_copy( self->channelAreas + self->numUserChannels, self->offset, self->channelAreas +
+                    ( self->numUserChannels - 1 ), self->offset, numFrames, self->nativeFormat ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+            --unusedChans;
+        }
+        if( unusedChans > 0 )
+        {
+            alsa_snd_pcm_areas_silence( self->channelAreas + ( self->numHostChannels - unusedChans ), self->offset, unusedChans, numFrames,
+                    self->nativeFormat );
+        }
+    }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError PaAlsaStream_EndProcessing( PaAlsaStream *self, unsigned long numFrames, int *xrunOccurred )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    int xrun = 0;
+
+    if( self->capture.pcm )
+    {
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_EndProcessing( &self->capture, numFrames, &xrun ) );
+    }
+    if( self->playback.pcm )
+    {
+        if( self->playback.numHostChannels > self->playback.numUserChannels )
+        {
+            PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_DoChannelAdaption( &self->playback, &self->bufferProcessor, numFrames ) );
+        }
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_EndProcessing( &self->playback, numFrames, &xrun ) );
+    }
+
+error:
+    *xrunOccurred = xrun;
+    return result;
+}
+
+/** Update the number of available frames.
+ *
+ */
+static PaError PaAlsaStreamComponent_GetAvailableFrames( PaAlsaStreamComponent *self, unsigned long *numFrames, int *xrunOccurred )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    snd_pcm_sframes_t framesAvail = alsa_snd_pcm_avail_update( self->pcm );
+    *xrunOccurred = 0;
+
+    if( -EPIPE == framesAvail )
+    {
+        *xrunOccurred = 1;
+        framesAvail = 0;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        ENSURE_( framesAvail, paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    }
+
+    *numFrames = framesAvail;
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+/** Fill in pollfd objects.
+ */
+static PaError PaAlsaStreamComponent_BeginPolling( PaAlsaStreamComponent* self, struct pollfd* pfds )
+{
+    int nfds = alsa_snd_pcm_poll_descriptors( self->pcm, pfds, self->nfds );
+    /* If alsa returns anything else, like -EPIPE return */
+    if( nfds != self->nfds )
+    {
+        return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    }
+    self->ready = 0;
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+/** Examine results from poll().
+ *
+ * @param pfds pollfds to inspect
+ * @param shouldPoll Should we continue to poll
+ * @param xrun Has an xrun occurred
+ */
+static PaError PaAlsaStreamComponent_EndPolling( PaAlsaStreamComponent* self, struct pollfd* pfds, int* shouldPoll, int* xrun )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    unsigned short revents;
+
+    ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_poll_descriptors_revents( self->pcm, pfds, self->nfds, &revents ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    if( revents != 0 )
+    {
+        if( revents & POLLERR )
+        {
+            *xrun = 1;
+        }
+        else if( revents & POLLHUP )
+        {
+            *xrun = 1;
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: revents has POLLHUP, processing as XRUN\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+        }
+        else
+            self->ready = 1;
+
+        *shouldPoll = 0;
+    }
+    else /* (A zero revent occurred) */
+        /* Work around an issue with Alsa older than 1.0.16 using some plugins (eg default with plug + dmix) where
+         * POLLIN or POLLOUT are zeroed by Alsa-lib if _mmap_avail() is a few frames short of avail_min at period
+         * boundary, possibly due to erratic dma interrupts at period boundary?  Treat as a valid event.
+         */
+        if( self->useReventFix )
+        {
+            self->ready = 1;
+            *shouldPoll = 0;
+        }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+/** Return the number of available frames for this stream.
+ *
+ * @concern FullDuplex The minimum available for the two directions is calculated, it might be desirable to ignore
+ * one direction however (not marked ready from poll), so this is controlled by queryCapture and queryPlayback.
+ *
+ * @param queryCapture Check available for capture
+ * @param queryPlayback Check available for playback
+ * @param available The returned number of frames
+ * @param xrunOccurred Return whether an xrun has occurred
+ */
+static PaError PaAlsaStream_GetAvailableFrames( PaAlsaStream *self, int queryCapture, int queryPlayback, unsigned long
+        *available, int *xrunOccurred )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    unsigned long captureFrames, playbackFrames;
+    *xrunOccurred = 0;
+
+    assert( queryCapture || queryPlayback );
+
+    if( queryCapture )
+    {
+        assert( self->capture.pcm );
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_GetAvailableFrames( &self->capture, &captureFrames, xrunOccurred ) );
+        if( *xrunOccurred )
+        {
+            goto end;
+        }
+    }
+    if( queryPlayback )
+    {
+        assert( self->playback.pcm );
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_GetAvailableFrames( &self->playback, &playbackFrames, xrunOccurred ) );
+        if( *xrunOccurred )
+        {
+            goto end;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( queryCapture && queryPlayback )
+    {
+        *available = PA_MIN( captureFrames, playbackFrames );
+        /*PA_DEBUG(("capture: %lu, playback: %lu, combined: %lu\n", captureFrames, playbackFrames, *available));*/
+    }
+    else if( queryCapture )
+    {
+        *available = captureFrames;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        *available = playbackFrames;
+    }
+
+end:
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+/** Wait for and report available buffer space from ALSA.
+ *
+ * Unless ALSA reports a minimum of frames available for I/O, we poll the ALSA filedescriptors for more.
+ * Both of these operations can uncover xrun conditions.
+ *
+ * @concern Xruns Both polling and querying available frames can report an xrun condition.
+ *
+ * @param framesAvail Return the number of available frames
+ * @param xrunOccurred Return whether an xrun has occurred
+ */
+static PaError PaAlsaStream_WaitForFrames( PaAlsaStream *self, unsigned long *framesAvail, int *xrunOccurred )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    int pollPlayback = self->playback.pcm != NULL, pollCapture = self->capture.pcm != NULL;
+    int pollTimeout = self->pollTimeout;
+    int xrun = 0, timeouts = 0;
+    int pollResults;
+
+    assert( self );
+    assert( framesAvail );
+
+    if( !self->callbackMode )
+    {
+        /* In blocking mode we will only wait if necessary */
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStream_GetAvailableFrames( self, self->capture.pcm != NULL, self->playback.pcm != NULL,
+                    framesAvail, &xrun ) );
+        if( xrun )
+        {
+            goto end;
+        }
+
+        if( *framesAvail > 0 )
+        {
+            /* Mark pcms ready from poll */
+            if( self->capture.pcm )
+                self->capture.ready = 1;
+            if( self->playback.pcm )
+                self->playback.ready = 1;
+
+            goto end;
+        }
+    }
+
+    while( pollPlayback || pollCapture )
+    {
+        int totalFds = 0;
+        struct pollfd *capturePfds = NULL, *playbackPfds = NULL;
+
+#ifdef PTHREAD_CANCELED
+        pthread_testcancel();
+#endif
+        if( pollCapture )
+        {
+            capturePfds = self->pfds;
+            PaError res = PaAlsaStreamComponent_BeginPolling( &self->capture, capturePfds );
+            if( res != paNoError)
+            {
+                xrun = 1;
+                goto end;
+            }
+            totalFds += self->capture.nfds;
+        }
+        if( pollPlayback )
+        {
+            /* self->pfds is in effect an array of fds; if necessary, index past the capture fds */
+            playbackPfds = self->pfds + (pollCapture ? self->capture.nfds : 0);
+            PaError res = PaAlsaStreamComponent_BeginPolling( &self->playback, playbackPfds );
+            if( res != paNoError)
+            {
+                xrun = 1;
+                goto end;
+            }
+            totalFds += self->playback.nfds;
+        }
+
+#ifdef PTHREAD_CANCELED
+        if( self->callbackMode )
+        {
+            /* To allow 'Abort' to terminate the callback thread, enable cancelability just for poll() (& disable after) */
+            pthread_setcancelstate( PTHREAD_CANCEL_ENABLE, NULL );
+        }
+#endif
+
+        pollResults = poll( self->pfds, totalFds, pollTimeout );
+
+#ifdef PTHREAD_CANCELED
+        if( self->callbackMode )
+        {
+            pthread_setcancelstate( PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE, NULL );
+        }
+#endif
+
+        if( pollResults < 0 )
+        {
+            /*  XXX: Depend on preprocessor condition? */
+            if( errno == EINTR )
+            {
+                /* gdb */
+                Pa_Sleep( 1 ); /* avoid hot loop */
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            /* TODO: Add macro for checking system calls */
+            PA_ENSURE( paInternalError );
+        }
+        else if( pollResults == 0 )
+        {
+           /* Suspended, paused or failed device can provide 0 poll results. To avoid deadloop in such situation
+            * we simply run counter 'timeouts' which detects 0 poll result and accumulates. As soon as 2048 timouts (around 2 seconds)
+            * are achieved we simply fail function with paTimedOut to notify waiting methods that device is not capable
+            * of providing audio data anymore and needs some corresponding recovery action.
+            * Note that 'timeouts' is reset to 0 if poll() managed to return non 0 results.
+            */
+
+            /*PA_DEBUG(( "%s: poll == 0 results, timed out, %d times left\n", __FUNCTION__, 2048 - timeouts ));*/
+            ++ timeouts;
+            if( timeouts > 1 ) /* sometimes device times out, but normally once, so we do not sleep any time */
+            {
+                Pa_Sleep( 1 ); /* avoid hot loop */
+            }
+            /* not else ! */
+            if( timeouts >= 2048 ) /* audio device not working, shall return error to notify waiters */
+            {
+                *framesAvail = 0; /* no frames available for processing */
+                xrun = 1; /* try recovering device */
+
+                PA_DEBUG(( "%s: poll timed out\n", __FUNCTION__, timeouts ));
+                goto end;/*PA_ENSURE( paTimedOut );*/
+            }
+        }
+        else if( pollResults > 0 )
+        {
+            /* reset timouts counter */
+            timeouts = 0;
+
+            /* check the return status of our pfds */
+            if( pollCapture )
+            {
+                PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_EndPolling( &self->capture, capturePfds, &pollCapture, &xrun ) );
+            }
+            if( pollPlayback )
+            {
+                PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_EndPolling( &self->playback, playbackPfds, &pollPlayback, &xrun ) );
+            }
+            if( xrun )
+            {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* @concern FullDuplex If only one of two pcms is ready we may want to compromise between the two.
+         * If there is less than half a period's worth of samples left of frames in the other pcm's buffer we will
+         * stop polling.
+         */
+        if( self->capture.pcm && self->playback.pcm )
+        {
+            if( pollCapture && !pollPlayback )
+            {
+                PA_ENSURE( ContinuePoll( self, StreamDirection_In, &pollTimeout, &pollCapture ) );
+            }
+            else if( pollPlayback && !pollCapture )
+            {
+                PA_ENSURE( ContinuePoll( self, StreamDirection_Out, &pollTimeout, &pollPlayback ) );
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( !xrun )
+    {
+        /* Get the number of available frames for the pcms that are marked ready.
+         * @concern FullDuplex If only one direction is marked ready (from poll), the number of frames available for
+         * the other direction is returned. Output is normally preferred over capture however, so capture frames may be
+         * discarded to avoid overrun unless paNeverDropInput is specified.
+         */
+        int captureReady = self->capture.pcm ? self->capture.ready : 0,
+            playbackReady = self->playback.pcm ? self->playback.ready : 0;
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStream_GetAvailableFrames( self, captureReady, playbackReady, framesAvail, &xrun ) );
+
+        if( self->capture.pcm && self->playback.pcm )
+        {
+            if( !self->playback.ready && !self->neverDropInput )
+            {
+                /* Drop input, a period's worth */
+                assert( self->capture.ready );
+                PaAlsaStreamComponent_EndProcessing( &self->capture, PA_MIN( self->capture.framesPerPeriod,
+                            *framesAvail ), &xrun );
+                *framesAvail = 0;
+                self->capture.ready = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        else if( self->capture.pcm )
+            assert( self->capture.ready );
+        else
+            assert( self->playback.ready );
+    }
+
+end:
+error:
+    if( xrun )
+    {
+        /* Recover from the xrun state */
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStream_HandleXrun( self ) );
+        *framesAvail = 0;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if( 0 != *framesAvail )
+        {
+            /* If we're reporting frames eligible for processing, one of the handles better be ready */
+            PA_UNLESS( self->capture.ready || self->playback.ready, paInternalError );
+        }
+    }
+    *xrunOccurred = xrun;
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/** Register per-channel ALSA buffer information with buffer processor.
+ *
+ * Mmapped buffer space is acquired from ALSA, and registered with the buffer processor. Differences between the
+ * number of host and user channels is taken into account.
+ *
+ * @param numFrames On entrance the number of requested frames, on exit the number of contiguously accessible frames.
+ */
+static PaError PaAlsaStreamComponent_RegisterChannels( PaAlsaStreamComponent* self, PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        unsigned long* numFrames, int* xrun )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    const snd_pcm_channel_area_t *areas, *area;
+    void (*setChannel)(PaUtilBufferProcessor *, unsigned int, void *, unsigned int) =
+        StreamDirection_In == self->streamDir ? PaUtil_SetInputChannel : PaUtil_SetOutputChannel;
+    unsigned char *buffer, *p;
+    int i;
+    unsigned long framesAvail;
+
+    /* This _must_ be called before mmap_begin */
+    PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_GetAvailableFrames( self, &framesAvail, xrun ) );
+    if( *xrun )
+    {
+        *numFrames = 0;
+        goto end;
+    }
+
+    if( self->canMmap )
+    {
+        ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_mmap_begin( self->pcm, &areas, &self->offset, numFrames ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        /* @concern ChannelAdaption Buffer address is recorded so we can do some channel adaption later */
+        self->channelAreas = (snd_pcm_channel_area_t *)areas;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        unsigned int bufferSize = self->numHostChannels * alsa_snd_pcm_format_size( self->nativeFormat, *numFrames );
+        if( bufferSize > self->nonMmapBufferSize )
+        {
+            self->nonMmapBuffer = realloc( self->nonMmapBuffer, ( self->nonMmapBufferSize = bufferSize ) );
+            if( !self->nonMmapBuffer )
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                goto error;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( self->hostInterleaved )
+    {
+        int swidth = alsa_snd_pcm_format_size( self->nativeFormat, 1 );
+
+        p = buffer = self->canMmap ? ExtractAddress( areas, self->offset ) : self->nonMmapBuffer;
+        for( i = 0; i < self->numUserChannels; ++i )
+        {
+            /* We're setting the channels up to userChannels, but the stride will be hostChannels samples */
+            setChannel( bp, i, p, self->numHostChannels );
+            p += swidth;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if( self->canMmap )
+        {
+            for( i = 0; i < self->numUserChannels; ++i )
+            {
+                area = areas + i;
+                buffer = ExtractAddress( area, self->offset );
+                setChannel( bp, i, buffer, 1 );
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            unsigned int buf_per_ch_size = self->nonMmapBufferSize / self->numHostChannels;
+            buffer = self->nonMmapBuffer;
+            for( i = 0; i < self->numUserChannels; ++i )
+            {
+                setChannel( bp, i, buffer, 1 );
+                buffer += buf_per_ch_size;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( !self->canMmap && StreamDirection_In == self->streamDir )
+    {
+        /* Read sound */
+        int res;
+        if( self->hostInterleaved )
+            res = alsa_snd_pcm_readi( self->pcm, self->nonMmapBuffer, *numFrames );
+        else
+        {
+            void *bufs[self->numHostChannels];
+            unsigned int buf_per_ch_size = self->nonMmapBufferSize / self->numHostChannels;
+            unsigned char *buffer = self->nonMmapBuffer;
+            int i;
+            for( i = 0; i < self->numHostChannels; ++i )
+            {
+                bufs[i] = buffer;
+                buffer += buf_per_ch_size;
+            }
+            res = alsa_snd_pcm_readn( self->pcm, bufs, *numFrames );
+        }
+        if( res == -EPIPE )
+        {
+            *xrun = 1;
+            *numFrames = 0;
+        }
+        // ESTRPIPE is provided by the Linux kernel headers, and is unavailable
+        // on the BSDs, which can still use alsalib.
+#if defined(ESTRPIPE) && ESTRPIPE != EPIPE
+        else if( res == -ESTRPIPE )
+        {
+            *xrun = 1;
+            *numFrames = 0;
+        }
+#endif
+    }
+
+end:
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+/** Initiate buffer processing.
+ *
+ * ALSA buffers are registered with the PA buffer processor and the buffer size (in frames) set.
+ *
+ * @concern FullDuplex If both directions are being processed, the minimum amount of frames for the two directions is
+ * calculated.
+ *
+ * @param numFrames On entrance the number of available frames, on exit the number of received frames
+ * @param xrunOccurred Return whether an xrun has occurred
+ */
+static PaError PaAlsaStream_SetUpBuffers( PaAlsaStream* self, unsigned long* numFrames, int* xrunOccurred )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    unsigned long captureFrames = ULONG_MAX, playbackFrames = ULONG_MAX, commonFrames = 0;
+    int xrun = 0;
+
+    if( *xrunOccurred )
+    {
+        *numFrames = 0;
+        return result;
+    }
+    /* If we got here at least one of the pcm's should be marked ready */
+    PA_UNLESS( self->capture.ready || self->playback.ready, paInternalError );
+
+    /* Extract per-channel ALSA buffer pointers and register them with the buffer processor.
+     * It is possible that a direction is not marked ready however, because it is out of sync with the other.
+     */
+    if( self->capture.pcm && self->capture.ready )
+    {
+        captureFrames = *numFrames;
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_RegisterChannels( &self->capture, &self->bufferProcessor, &captureFrames,
+                    &xrun ) );
+    }
+    if( self->playback.pcm && self->playback.ready )
+    {
+        playbackFrames = *numFrames;
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_RegisterChannels( &self->playback, &self->bufferProcessor, &playbackFrames,
+                    &xrun ) );
+    }
+    if( xrun )
+    {
+        /* Nothing more to do */
+        assert( 0 == commonFrames );
+        goto end;
+    }
+
+    commonFrames = PA_MIN( captureFrames, playbackFrames );
+    /* assert( commonFrames <= *numFrames ); */
+    if( commonFrames > *numFrames )
+    {
+        /* Hmmm ... how come there are more frames available than we requested!? Blah. */
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Common available frames are reported to be more than number requested: %lu, %lu, callbackMode: %d\n", __FUNCTION__,
+                    commonFrames, *numFrames, self->callbackMode ));
+        if( self->capture.pcm )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: captureFrames: %lu, capture.ready: %d\n", __FUNCTION__, captureFrames, self->capture.ready ));
+        }
+        if( self->playback.pcm )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: playbackFrames: %lu, playback.ready: %d\n", __FUNCTION__, playbackFrames, self->playback.ready ));
+        }
+
+        commonFrames = 0;
+        goto end;
+    }
+
+    /* Inform PortAudio of the number of frames we got.
+     * @concern FullDuplex We might be experiencing underflow in either end; if its an input underflow, we go on
+     * with output. If its output underflow however, depending on the paNeverDropInput flag, we may want to simply
+     * discard the excess input or call the callback with paOutputOverflow flagged.
+     */
+    if( self->capture.pcm )
+    {
+        if( self->capture.ready )
+        {
+            PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( &self->bufferProcessor, commonFrames );
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            /* We have input underflow */
+            PaUtil_SetNoInput( &self->bufferProcessor );
+        }
+    }
+    if( self->playback.pcm )
+    {
+        if( self->playback.ready )
+        {
+            PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount( &self->bufferProcessor, commonFrames );
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            /* We have output underflow, but keeping input data (paNeverDropInput) */
+            assert( self->neverDropInput );
+            assert( self->capture.pcm != NULL );
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Setting output buffers to NULL\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+            PaUtil_SetNoOutput( &self->bufferProcessor );
+        }
+    }
+
+end:
+    *numFrames = commonFrames;
+error:
+    if( xrun )
+    {
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStream_HandleXrun( self ) );
+        *numFrames = 0;
+    }
+    *xrunOccurred = xrun;
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/** Callback thread's function.
+ *
+ * Roughly, the workflow can be described in the following way: The number of available frames that can be processed
+ * directly is obtained from ALSA, we then request as much directly accessible memory as possible within this amount
+ * from ALSA. The buffer memory is registered with the PA buffer processor and processing is carried out with
+ * PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing. Finally, the number of processed frames is reported to ALSA. The processing can
+ * happen in several iterations until we have consumed the known number of available frames (or an xrun is detected).
+ */
+static void *CallbackThreadFunc( void *userData )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAlsaStream *stream = (PaAlsaStream*) userData;
+    PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo timeInfo = {0, 0, 0};
+    snd_pcm_sframes_t startThreshold = 0;
+    int callbackResult = paContinue;
+    PaStreamCallbackFlags cbFlags = 0;  /* We might want to keep state across iterations */
+    int streamStarted = 0;
+
+    assert( stream );
+    /* Not implemented */
+    assert( !stream->primeBuffers );
+
+    /* Execute OnExit when exiting */
+    pthread_cleanup_push( &OnExit, stream );
+#ifdef PTHREAD_CANCELED
+    /* 'Abort' will use thread cancellation to terminate the callback thread, but the Alsa-lib functions
+     * are NOT cancel-safe, (and can end up in an inconsistent state).  So, disable cancelability for
+     * the thread here, and just re-enable it for the poll() in PaAlsaStream_WaitForFrames(). */
+    pthread_testcancel();
+    pthread_setcancelstate( PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE, NULL );
+#endif
+
+    /* @concern StreamStart If the output is being primed the output pcm needs to be prepared, otherwise the
+     * stream is started immediately. The latter involves signaling the waiting main thread.
+     */
+    if( stream->primeBuffers )
+    {
+        snd_pcm_sframes_t avail;
+
+        if( stream->playback.pcm )
+            ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_prepare( stream->playback.pcm ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        if( stream->capture.pcm && !stream->pcmsSynced )
+            ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_prepare( stream->capture.pcm ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+
+        /* We can't be certain that the whole ring buffer is available for priming, but there should be
+         * at least one period */
+        avail = alsa_snd_pcm_avail_update( stream->playback.pcm );
+        startThreshold = avail - (avail % stream->playback.framesPerPeriod);
+        assert( startThreshold >= stream->playback.framesPerPeriod );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_ENSURE( PaUnixThread_PrepareNotify( &stream->thread ) );
+        /* Buffer will be zeroed */
+        PA_ENSURE( AlsaStart( stream, 0 ) );
+        PA_ENSURE( PaUnixThread_NotifyParent( &stream->thread ) );
+
+        streamStarted = 1;
+    }
+
+    while( 1 )
+    {
+        unsigned long framesAvail, framesGot;
+        int xrun = 0;
+
+#ifdef PTHREAD_CANCELED
+        pthread_testcancel();
+#endif
+
+        /* @concern StreamStop if the main thread has requested a stop and the stream has not been effectively
+         * stopped we signal this condition by modifying callbackResult (we'll want to flush buffered output).
+         */
+        if( PaUnixThread_StopRequested( &stream->thread ) && paContinue == callbackResult )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(( "Setting callbackResult to paComplete\n" ));
+            callbackResult = paComplete;
+        }
+
+        if( paContinue != callbackResult )
+        {
+            stream->callbackAbort = ( paAbort == callbackResult );
+            if( stream->callbackAbort ||
+                    /** @concern BlockAdaption: Go on if adaption buffers are empty */
+                    PaUtil_IsBufferProcessorOutputEmpty( &stream->bufferProcessor ) )
+            {
+                goto end;
+            }
+
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Flushing buffer processor\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+            /* There is still buffered output that needs to be processed */
+        }
+
+        /* Wait for data to become available, this comes down to polling the ALSA file descriptors until we have
+         * a number of available frames.
+         */
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStream_WaitForFrames( stream, &framesAvail, &xrun ) );
+        if( xrun )
+        {
+            assert( 0 == framesAvail );
+            continue;
+
+            /* XXX: Report xruns to the user? A situation is conceivable where the callback is never invoked due
+             * to constant xruns, it might be desirable to notify the user of this.
+             */
+        }
+
+        /* Consume buffer space. Once we have a number of frames available for consumption we must retrieve the
+         * mmapped buffers from ALSA, this is contiguously accessible memory however, so we may receive smaller
+         * portions at a time than is available as a whole. Therefore we should be prepared to process several
+         * chunks successively. The buffers are passed to the PA buffer processor.
+         */
+        while( framesAvail > 0 )
+        {
+            xrun = 0;
+
+            /** @concern Xruns Under/overflows are to be reported to the callback */
+            if( stream->underrun > 0.0 )
+            {
+                cbFlags |= paOutputUnderflow;
+                stream->underrun = 0.0;
+            }
+            if( stream->overrun > 0.0 )
+            {
+                cbFlags |= paInputOverflow;
+                stream->overrun = 0.0;
+            }
+            if( stream->capture.pcm && stream->playback.pcm )
+            {
+                /** @concern FullDuplex It's possible that only one direction is being processed to avoid an
+                 * under- or overflow, this should be reported correspondingly */
+                if( !stream->capture.ready )
+                {
+                    cbFlags |= paInputUnderflow;
+                    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Input underflow\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+                }
+                else if( !stream->playback.ready )
+                {
+                    cbFlags |= paOutputOverflow;
+                    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Output overflow\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+                }
+            }
+
+#if 0
+            CallbackUpdate( &stream->threading );
+#endif
+
+            CalculateTimeInfo( stream, &timeInfo );
+            PaUtil_BeginBufferProcessing( &stream->bufferProcessor, &timeInfo, cbFlags );
+            cbFlags = 0;
+
+            /* CPU load measurement should include processing activity external to the stream callback */
+            PaUtil_BeginCpuLoadMeasurement( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+
+            framesGot = framesAvail;
+            if( paUtilFixedHostBufferSize == stream->bufferProcessor.hostBufferSizeMode )
+            {
+                /* We've committed to a fixed host buffer size, stick to that */
+                framesGot = framesGot >= stream->maxFramesPerHostBuffer ? stream->maxFramesPerHostBuffer : 0;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                /* We've committed to an upper bound on the size of host buffers */
+                assert( paUtilBoundedHostBufferSize == stream->bufferProcessor.hostBufferSizeMode );
+                framesGot = PA_MIN( framesGot, stream->maxFramesPerHostBuffer );
+            }
+            PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStream_SetUpBuffers( stream, &framesGot, &xrun ) );
+            /* Check the host buffer size against the buffer processor configuration */
+            framesAvail -= framesGot;
+
+            if( framesGot > 0 )
+            {
+                assert( !xrun );
+                PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing( &stream->bufferProcessor, &callbackResult );
+                PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStream_EndProcessing( stream, framesGot, &xrun ) );
+            }
+            PaUtil_EndCpuLoadMeasurement( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer, framesGot );
+
+            if( 0 == framesGot )
+            {
+                /* Go back to polling for more frames */
+                break;
+            }
+
+            if( paContinue != callbackResult )
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+end:
+    ; /* Hack to fix "label at end of compound statement" error caused by pthread_cleanup_pop(1) macro. */
+    /* Match pthread_cleanup_push */
+    pthread_cleanup_pop( 1 );
+
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Thread %d exiting\n ", __FUNCTION__, pthread_self() ));
+    PaUnixThreading_EXIT( result );
+
+error:
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Thread %d is canceled due to error %d\n ", __FUNCTION__, pthread_self(), result ));
+    goto end;
+}
+
+/* Blocking interface */
+
+static PaError ReadStream( PaStream* s, void *buffer, unsigned long frames )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAlsaStream *stream = (PaAlsaStream*)s;
+    unsigned long framesGot, framesAvail;
+    void *userBuffer;
+    snd_pcm_t *save = stream->playback.pcm;
+
+    assert( stream );
+
+    PA_UNLESS( stream->capture.pcm, paCanNotReadFromAnOutputOnlyStream );
+
+    /* Disregard playback */
+    stream->playback.pcm = NULL;
+
+    if( stream->overrun > 0. )
+    {
+        result = paInputOverflowed;
+        stream->overrun = 0.0;
+    }
+
+    if( stream->capture.userInterleaved )
+    {
+        userBuffer = buffer;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* Copy channels into local array */
+        userBuffer = stream->capture.userBuffers;
+        memcpy( userBuffer, buffer, sizeof (void *) * stream->capture.numUserChannels );
+    }
+
+    /* Start stream if in prepared state */
+    if( alsa_snd_pcm_state( stream->capture.pcm ) == SND_PCM_STATE_PREPARED )
+    {
+        ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_start( stream->capture.pcm ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    }
+
+    while( frames > 0 )
+    {
+        int xrun = 0;
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStream_WaitForFrames( stream, &framesAvail, &xrun ) );
+        framesGot = PA_MIN( framesAvail, frames );
+
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStream_SetUpBuffers( stream, &framesGot, &xrun ) );
+        if( framesGot > 0 )
+        {
+            framesGot = PaUtil_CopyInput( &stream->bufferProcessor, &userBuffer, framesGot );
+            PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStream_EndProcessing( stream, framesGot, &xrun ) );
+            frames -= framesGot;
+        }
+    }
+
+end:
+    stream->playback.pcm = save;
+    return result;
+error:
+    goto end;
+}
+
+static PaError WriteStream( PaStream* s, const void *buffer, unsigned long frames )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    signed long err;
+    PaAlsaStream *stream = (PaAlsaStream*)s;
+    snd_pcm_uframes_t framesGot, framesAvail;
+    const void *userBuffer;
+    snd_pcm_t *save = stream->capture.pcm;
+
+    assert( stream );
+
+    PA_UNLESS( stream->playback.pcm, paCanNotWriteToAnInputOnlyStream );
+
+    /* Disregard capture */
+    stream->capture.pcm = NULL;
+
+    if( stream->underrun > 0. )
+    {
+        result = paOutputUnderflowed;
+        stream->underrun = 0.0;
+    }
+
+    if( stream->playback.userInterleaved )
+        userBuffer = buffer;
+    else /* Copy channels into local array */
+    {
+        userBuffer = stream->playback.userBuffers;
+        memcpy( (void *)userBuffer, buffer, sizeof (void *) * stream->playback.numUserChannels );
+    }
+
+    while( frames > 0 )
+    {
+        int xrun = 0;
+        snd_pcm_uframes_t hwAvail;
+
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStream_WaitForFrames( stream, &framesAvail, &xrun ) );
+        framesGot = PA_MIN( framesAvail, frames );
+
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStream_SetUpBuffers( stream, &framesGot, &xrun ) );
+        if( framesGot > 0 )
+        {
+            framesGot = PaUtil_CopyOutput( &stream->bufferProcessor, &userBuffer, framesGot );
+            PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStream_EndProcessing( stream, framesGot, &xrun ) );
+            frames -= framesGot;
+        }
+
+        /* Start stream after one period of samples worth */
+
+        /* Frames residing in buffer */
+        PA_ENSURE( err = GetStreamWriteAvailable( stream ) );
+        framesAvail = err;
+        hwAvail = stream->playback.alsaBufferSize - framesAvail;
+
+        if( alsa_snd_pcm_state( stream->playback.pcm ) == SND_PCM_STATE_PREPARED &&
+                hwAvail >= stream->playback.framesPerPeriod )
+        {
+            ENSURE_( alsa_snd_pcm_start( stream->playback.pcm ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        }
+    }
+
+end:
+    stream->capture.pcm = save;
+    return result;
+error:
+    goto end;
+}
+
+/* Return frames available for reading. In the event of an overflow, the capture pcm will be restarted */
+static signed long GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAlsaStream *stream = (PaAlsaStream*)s;
+    unsigned long avail;
+    int xrun;
+
+    PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_GetAvailableFrames( &stream->capture, &avail, &xrun ) );
+    if( xrun )
+    {
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStream_HandleXrun( stream ) );
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_GetAvailableFrames( &stream->capture, &avail, &xrun ) );
+        if( xrun )
+            PA_ENSURE( paInputOverflowed );
+    }
+
+    return (signed long)avail;
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+static signed long GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAlsaStream *stream = (PaAlsaStream*)s;
+    unsigned long avail;
+    int xrun;
+
+    PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStreamComponent_GetAvailableFrames( &stream->playback, &avail, &xrun ) );
+    if( xrun )
+    {
+        snd_pcm_sframes_t savail;
+
+        PA_ENSURE( PaAlsaStream_HandleXrun( stream ) );
+        savail = alsa_snd_pcm_avail_update( stream->playback.pcm );
+
+        /* savail should not contain -EPIPE now, since PaAlsaStream_HandleXrun will only prepare the pcm */
+        ENSURE_( savail, paUnanticipatedHostError );
+
+        avail = (unsigned long) savail;
+    }
+
+    return (signed long)avail;
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+/* Extensions */
+
+void PaAlsa_InitializeStreamInfo( PaAlsaStreamInfo *info )
+{
+    info->size = sizeof (PaAlsaStreamInfo);
+    info->hostApiType = paALSA;
+    info->version = 1;
+    info->deviceString = NULL;
+}
+
+void PaAlsa_EnableRealtimeScheduling( PaStream *s, int enable )
+{
+    PaAlsaStream *stream = (PaAlsaStream *) s;
+    stream->rtSched = enable;
+}
+
+#if 0
+void PaAlsa_EnableWatchdog( PaStream *s, int enable )
+{
+    PaAlsaStream *stream = (PaAlsaStream *) s;
+    stream->thread.useWatchdog = enable;
+}
+#endif
+
+static PaError GetAlsaStreamPointer( PaStream* s, PaAlsaStream** stream )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation* hostApi;
+    PaAlsaHostApiRepresentation* alsaHostApi;
+
+    PA_ENSURE( PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( s ) );
+    PA_ENSURE( PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( &hostApi, paALSA ) );
+    alsaHostApi = (PaAlsaHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+
+    PA_UNLESS( PA_STREAM_REP( s )->streamInterface == &alsaHostApi->callbackStreamInterface
+            || PA_STREAM_REP( s )->streamInterface == &alsaHostApi->blockingStreamInterface,
+        paIncompatibleStreamHostApi );
+
+    *stream = (PaAlsaStream*)s;
+error:
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+PaError PaAlsa_GetStreamInputCard( PaStream* s, int* card )
+{
+    PaAlsaStream *stream;
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    snd_pcm_info_t* pcmInfo;
+
+    stream = NULL;
+    PA_ENSURE( GetAlsaStreamPointer( s, &stream ) );
+
+    /* XXX: More descriptive error? */
+    PA_UNLESS( stream->capture.pcm, paDeviceUnavailable );
+
+    alsa_snd_pcm_info_alloca( &pcmInfo );
+    PA_ENSURE( alsa_snd_pcm_info( stream->capture.pcm, pcmInfo ) );
+    *card = alsa_snd_pcm_info_get_card( pcmInfo );
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+PaError PaAlsa_GetStreamOutputCard( PaStream* s, int* card )
+{
+    PaAlsaStream *stream;
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    snd_pcm_info_t* pcmInfo;
+
+    stream = NULL;
+    PA_ENSURE( GetAlsaStreamPointer( s, &stream ) );
+
+    /* XXX: More descriptive error? */
+    PA_UNLESS( stream->playback.pcm, paDeviceUnavailable );
+
+    alsa_snd_pcm_info_alloca( &pcmInfo );
+    PA_ENSURE( alsa_snd_pcm_info( stream->playback.pcm, pcmInfo ) );
+    *card = alsa_snd_pcm_info_get_card( pcmInfo );
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+PaError PaAlsa_SetRetriesBusy( int retries )
+{
+    busyRetries_ = retries;
+    return paNoError;
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asihpi/pa_linux_asihpi.c b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asihpi/pa_linux_asihpi.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3be64ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asihpi/pa_linux_asihpi.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2893 @@
+/*
+ * $Id:$
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * Latest Version at: http://www.portaudio.com
+ * AudioScience HPI implementation by Fred Gleason, Ludwig Schwardt and
+ * Eliot Blennerhassett
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2003 Fred Gleason <fredg@salemradiolabs.com>
+ * Copyright (c) 2005,2006 Ludwig Schwardt <schwardt@sun.ac.za>
+ * Copyright (c) 2011 Eliot Blennerhassett <eblennerhassett@audioscience.com>
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2008 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Modification History
+ * 12/2003 - Initial version
+ * 09/2005 - v19 version [rewrite]
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup hostapi_src
+ @brief Host API implementation supporting AudioScience cards
+        via the Linux HPI interface.
+
+ <h3>Overview</h3>
+
+ This is a PortAudio implementation for the AudioScience HPI Audio API
+ on the Linux platform. AudioScience makes a range of audio adapters customised
+ for the broadcasting industry, with support for both Windows and Linux.
+ More information on their products can be found on their website:
+
+     http://www.audioscience.com
+
+ Documentation for the HPI API can be found at:
+
+     http://www.audioscience.com/internet/download/sdk/hpi_usermanual_html/html/index.html
+
+ The Linux HPI driver itself (a kernel module + library) can be downloaded from:
+
+     http://www.audioscience.com/internet/download/linux_drivers.htm
+
+ <h3>Implementation strategy</h3>
+
+ *Note* Ideally, AudioScience cards should be handled by the PortAudio ALSA
+ implementation on Linux, as ALSA is the preferred Linux soundcard API. The existence
+ of this host API implementation might therefore seem a bit flawed. Unfortunately, at
+ the time of the creation of this implementation (June 2006), the PA ALSA implementation
+ could not make use of the existing AudioScience ALSA driver. PA ALSA uses the
+ "memory-mapped" (mmap) ALSA access mode to interact with the ALSA library, while the
+ AudioScience ALSA driver only supports the "read-write" access mode. The appropriate
+ solution to this problem is to add "read-write" support to PortAudio ALSA, thereby
+ extending the range of soundcards it supports (AudioScience cards are not the only
+ ones with this problem). Given the author's limited knowledge of ALSA and the
+ simplicity of the HPI API, the second-best solution was born...
+
+ The following mapping between HPI and PA was followed:
+ HPI subsystem => PortAudio host API
+ HPI adapter => nothing specific
+ HPI stream => PortAudio device
+
+ Each HPI stream is either input or output (not both), and can support
+ different channel counts, sampling rates and sample formats. It is therefore
+ a more natural fit to a PA device. A PA stream can therefore combine two
+ HPI streams (one input and one output) into a "full-duplex" stream. These
+ HPI streams can even be on different physical adapters. The two streams ought to be
+ sample-synchronised when they reside on the same adapter, as most AudioScience adapters
+ derive their ADC and DAC clocks from one master clock. When combining two adapters
+ into one full-duplex stream, however, the use of a word clock connection between the
+ adapters is strongly recommended.
+
+ The HPI interface is inherently blocking, making use of read and write calls to
+ transfer data between user buffers and driver buffers. The callback interface therefore
+ requires a helper thread ("callback engine") which periodically transfers data (one thread
+ per PA stream, in fact). The current implementation explicitly sleeps via Pa_Sleep() until
+ enough samples can be transferred (select() or poll() would be better, but currently seems
+ impossible...). The thread implementation makes use of the Unix thread helper functions
+ and some pthread calls here and there. If a unified PA thread exists, this host API
+ implementation might also compile on Windows, as this is the only real Linux-specific
+ part of the code.
+
+ There is no inherent fixed buffer size in the HPI interface, as in some other host APIs.
+ The PortAudio implementation contains a buffer that is allocated during OpenStream and
+ used to transfer data between the callback and the HPI driver buffer. The size of this
+ buffer is quite flexible and is derived from latency suggestions and matched to the
+ requested callback buffer size as far as possible. It can become quite huge, as the
+ AudioScience cards are typically geared towards higher-latency applications and contain
+ large hardware buffers.
+
+ The HPI interface natively supports most common sample formats and sample rates (some
+ conversion is done on the adapter itself).
+
+ Stream time is measured based on the number of processed frames, which is adjusted by the
+ number of frames currently buffered by the HPI driver.
+
+ There is basic support for detecting overflow and underflow. The HPI interface does not
+ explicitly indicate this, so thresholds on buffer levels are used in combination with
+ stream state. Recovery from overflow and underflow is left to the PA client.
+
+ Blocking streams are also implemented. It makes use of the same polling routines that
+ the callback interface uses, in order to prevent the allocation of variable-sized
+ buffers during reading and writing. The framesPerBuffer parameter is therefore still
+ relevant, and this can be increased in the blocking case to improve efficiency.
+
+ The implementation contains extensive reporting macros (slightly modified PA_ENSURE and
+ PA_UNLESS versions) and a useful stream dump routine to provide debugging feedback.
+
+ Output buffer priming via the user callback (i.e. paPrimeOutputBuffersUsingStreamCallback
+ and friends) is not implemented yet. All output is primed with silence.
+ */
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>          /* strlen() */
+#include <pthread.h>         /* pthreads and friends */
+#include <assert.h>          /* assert */
+#include <math.h>            /* ceil, floor */
+
+#include <asihpi/hpi.h>      /* HPI API */
+
+#include "portaudio.h"       /* PortAudio API */
+#include "pa_util.h"         /* PA_DEBUG, other small utilities */
+#include "pa_unix_util.h"    /* Unix threading utilities */
+#include "pa_allocation.h"   /* Group memory allocation */
+#include "pa_hostapi.h"      /* Host API structs */
+#include "pa_stream.h"       /* Stream interface structs */
+#include "pa_cpuload.h"      /* CPU load measurer */
+#include "pa_process.h"      /* Buffer processor */
+#include "pa_converters.h"   /* PaUtilZeroer */
+#include "pa_debugprint.h"
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/*
+ * Defines
+ */
+
+/* Error reporting and assertions */
+
+/** Evaluate expression, and return on any PortAudio errors */
+#define PA_ENSURE_(expr) \
+    do { \
+        PaError paError = (expr); \
+        if( UNLIKELY( paError < paNoError ) ) \
+        { \
+            PA_DEBUG(( "Expression '" #expr "' failed in '" __FILE__ "', line: " PA_STRINGIZE( __LINE__ ) "\n" )); \
+            result = paError; \
+            goto error; \
+        } \
+    } while (0);
+
+/** Assert expression, else return the provided PaError */
+#define PA_UNLESS_(expr, paError) \
+    do { \
+        if( UNLIKELY( (expr) == 0 ) ) \
+        { \
+            PA_DEBUG(( "Expression '" #expr "' failed in '" __FILE__ "', line: " PA_STRINGIZE( __LINE__ ) "\n" )); \
+            result = (paError); \
+            goto error; \
+        } \
+    } while( 0 );
+
+/** Check return value of HPI function, and map it to PaError */
+#define PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_(expr, paError) \
+    do { \
+        hpi_err_t hpiError = (expr); \
+        /* If HPI error occurred */ \
+        if( UNLIKELY( hpiError ) ) \
+        { \
+        char szError[256]; \
+        HPI_GetErrorText( hpiError, szError ); \
+        PA_DEBUG(( "HPI error %d occurred: %s\n", hpiError, szError )); \
+        /* This message will always be displayed, even if debug info is disabled */ \
+            PA_DEBUG(( "Expression '" #expr "' failed in '" __FILE__ "', line: " PA_STRINGIZE( __LINE__ ) "\n" )); \
+            if( (paError) == paUnanticipatedHostError ) \
+        { \
+            PA_DEBUG(( "Host error description: %s\n", szError )); \
+            /* PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo should only be used in the main thread */ \
+            if( pthread_equal( pthread_self(), paUnixMainThread ) ) \
+                { \
+            PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( paInDevelopment, hpiError, szError ); \
+                } \
+        } \
+        /* If paNoError is specified, continue as usual */ \
+            /* (useful if you only want to print out the debug messages above) */ \
+        if( (paError) < 0 ) \
+        { \
+            result = (paError); \
+            goto error; \
+        } \
+        } \
+    } while( 0 );
+
+/** Report HPI error code and text */
+#define PA_ASIHPI_REPORT_ERROR_(hpiErrorCode) \
+    do { \
+        char szError[256]; \
+        HPI_GetErrorText( hpiError, szError ); \
+        PA_DEBUG(( "HPI error %d occurred: %s\n", hpiError, szError )); \
+        /* PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo should only be used in the main thread */ \
+        if( pthread_equal( pthread_self(), paUnixMainThread ) ) \
+    { \
+        PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( paInDevelopment, (hpiErrorCode), szError ); \
+    } \
+    } while( 0 );
+
+/* Defaults */
+
+/** Sample formats available natively on AudioScience hardware */
+#define PA_ASIHPI_AVAILABLE_FORMATS_ (paFloat32 | paInt32 | paInt24 | paInt16 | paUInt8)
+/** Enable background bus mastering (BBM) for buffer transfers, if available (see HPI docs) */
+#define PA_ASIHPI_USE_BBM_ 1
+/** Minimum number of frames in HPI buffer (for either data or available space).
+ If buffer contains less data/space, it indicates xrun or completion. */
+#define PA_ASIHPI_MIN_FRAMES_ 1152
+/** Minimum polling interval in milliseconds, which determines minimum host buffer size */
+#define PA_ASIHPI_MIN_POLLING_INTERVAL_ 10
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/*
+ * Structures
+ */
+
+/** Host API global data */
+typedef struct PaAsiHpiHostApiRepresentation
+{
+    /* PortAudio "base class" - keep the baseRep first! (C-style inheritance) */
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation baseHostApiRep;
+    PaUtilStreamInterface callbackStreamInterface;
+    PaUtilStreamInterface blockingStreamInterface;
+
+    PaUtilAllocationGroup *allocations;
+
+    /* implementation specific data goes here */
+
+    PaHostApiIndex hostApiIndex;
+}
+PaAsiHpiHostApiRepresentation;
+
+
+/** Device data */
+typedef struct PaAsiHpiDeviceInfo
+{
+    /* PortAudio "base class" - keep the baseRep first! (C-style inheritance) */
+    /** Common PortAudio device information */
+    PaDeviceInfo baseDeviceInfo;
+
+    /* implementation specific data goes here */
+
+    /** Adapter index */
+    uint16_t adapterIndex;
+    /** Adapter model number (hex) */
+    uint16_t adapterType;
+    /** Adapter HW/SW version */
+    uint16_t adapterVersion;
+    /** Adapter serial number */
+    uint32_t adapterSerialNumber;
+    /** Stream number */
+    uint16_t streamIndex;
+    /** 0=Input, 1=Output (HPI streams are either input or output but not both) */
+    uint16_t streamIsOutput;
+}
+PaAsiHpiDeviceInfo;
+
+
+/** Stream state as defined by PortAudio.
+ It seems that the host API implementation has to keep track of the PortAudio stream state.
+ Please note that this is NOT the same as the state of the underlying HPI stream. By separating
+ these two concepts, a lot of flexibility is gained. There is a rough match between the two,
+ of course, but forcing a precise match is difficult. For example, HPI_STATE_DRAINED can occur
+ during the Active state of PortAudio (due to underruns) and also during CallBackFinished in
+ the case of an output stream. Similarly, HPI_STATE_STOPPED mostly coincides with the Stopped
+ PortAudio state, by may also occur in the CallbackFinished state when recording is finished.
+
+ Here is a rough match-up:
+
+ PortAudio state   =>     HPI state
+ ---------------          ---------
+ Active            =>     HPI_STATE_RECORDING, HPI_STATE_PLAYING, (HPI_STATE_DRAINED)
+ Stopped           =>     HPI_STATE_STOPPED
+ CallbackFinished  =>     HPI_STATE_STOPPED, HPI_STATE_DRAINED */
+typedef enum PaAsiHpiStreamState
+{
+    paAsiHpiStoppedState=0,
+    paAsiHpiActiveState=1,
+    paAsiHpiCallbackFinishedState=2
+}
+PaAsiHpiStreamState;
+
+
+/** Stream component data (associated with one direction, i.e. either input or output) */
+typedef struct PaAsiHpiStreamComponent
+{
+    /** Device information (HPI handles, etc) */
+    PaAsiHpiDeviceInfo *hpiDevice;
+    /** Stream handle, as passed to HPI interface. */
+    hpi_handle_t hpiStream;
+    /** Stream format, as passed to HPI interface */
+    struct hpi_format hpiFormat;
+    /** Number of bytes per frame, derived from hpiFormat and saved for convenience */
+    uint32_t bytesPerFrame;
+    /** Size of hardware (on-card) buffer of stream in bytes */
+    uint32_t hardwareBufferSize;
+    /** Size of host (BBM) buffer of stream in bytes (if used) */
+    uint32_t hostBufferSize;
+    /** Upper limit on the utilization of output stream buffer (both hardware and host).
+     This prevents large latencies in an output-only stream with a potentially huge buffer
+     and a fast data generator, which would otherwise keep the hardware buffer filled to
+     capacity. See also the "Hardware Buffering=off" option in the AudioScience WAV driver. */
+    uint32_t outputBufferCap;
+    /** Sample buffer (halfway station between HPI and buffer processor) */
+    uint8_t *tempBuffer;
+    /** Sample buffer size, in bytes */
+    uint32_t tempBufferSize;
+}
+PaAsiHpiStreamComponent;
+
+
+/** Stream data */
+typedef struct PaAsiHpiStream
+{
+    /* PortAudio "base class" - keep the baseRep first! (C-style inheritance) */
+    PaUtilStreamRepresentation baseStreamRep;
+    PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer cpuLoadMeasurer;
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor bufferProcessor;
+
+    PaUtilAllocationGroup *allocations;
+
+    /* implementation specific data goes here */
+
+    /** Separate structs for input and output sides of stream */
+    PaAsiHpiStreamComponent *input, *output;
+
+    /** Polling interval (in milliseconds) */
+    uint32_t pollingInterval;
+    /** Are we running in callback mode? */
+    int callbackMode;
+    /** Number of frames to transfer at a time to/from HPI */
+    unsigned long maxFramesPerHostBuffer;
+    /** Indicates that the stream is in the paNeverDropInput mode */
+    int neverDropInput;
+    /** Contains copy of user buffers, used by blocking interface to transfer non-interleaved data.
+     It went here instead of to each stream component, as the stream component buffer setup in
+     PaAsiHpi_SetupBuffers doesn't know the stream details such as callbackMode.
+     (Maybe a problem later if ReadStream and WriteStream happens concurrently on same stream.) */
+    void **blockingUserBufferCopy;
+
+    /* Thread-related variables */
+
+    /** Helper thread which will deliver data to user callback */
+    PaUnixThread thread;
+    /** PortAudio stream state (Active/Stopped/CallbackFinished) */
+    volatile sig_atomic_t state;
+    /** Hard abort, i.e. drop frames? */
+    volatile sig_atomic_t callbackAbort;
+    /** True if stream stopped via exiting callback with paComplete/paAbort flag
+     (as opposed to explicit call to StopStream/AbortStream) */
+    volatile sig_atomic_t callbackFinished;
+}
+PaAsiHpiStream;
+
+
+/** Stream state information, collected together for convenience */
+typedef struct PaAsiHpiStreamInfo
+{
+    /** HPI stream state (HPI_STATE_STOPPED, HPI_STATE_PLAYING, etc.) */
+    uint16_t state;
+    /** Size (in bytes) of recording/playback data buffer in HPI driver */
+    uint32_t bufferSize;
+    /** Amount of data (in bytes) available in the buffer */
+    uint32_t dataSize;
+    /** Number of frames played/recorded since last stream reset */
+    uint32_t frameCounter;
+    /** Amount of data (in bytes) in hardware (on-card) buffer.
+     This differs from dataSize if bus mastering (BBM) is used, which introduces another
+     driver-level buffer to which dataSize/bufferSize then refers. */
+    uint32_t auxDataSize;
+    /** Total number of data frames currently buffered by HPI driver (host + hw buffers) */
+    uint32_t totalBufferedData;
+    /** Size of immediately available data (for input) or space (for output) in frames.
+     This only checks the first-level buffer (typically host buffer). This amount can be
+     transferred immediately. */
+    uint32_t availableFrames;
+    /** Indicates that hardware buffer is getting too full */
+    int overflow;
+    /** Indicates that hardware buffer is getting too empty */
+    int underflow;
+}
+PaAsiHpiStreamInfo;
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/*
+ * Function prototypes
+ */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+    /* The only exposed function in the entire host API implementation */
+    PaError PaAsiHpi_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+static void Terminate( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi );
+static PaError IsFormatSupported( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                  double sampleRate );
+
+/* Stream prototypes */
+static PaError OpenStream( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                           PaStream **s,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                           double sampleRate,
+                           unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                           PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                           PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                           void *userData );
+static PaError CloseStream( PaStream *s );
+static PaError StartStream( PaStream *s );
+static PaError StopStream( PaStream *s );
+static PaError AbortStream( PaStream *s );
+static PaError IsStreamStopped( PaStream *s );
+static PaError IsStreamActive( PaStream *s );
+static PaTime GetStreamTime( PaStream *s );
+static double GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream *s );
+
+/* Blocking prototypes */
+static PaError ReadStream( PaStream *s, void *buffer, unsigned long frames );
+static PaError WriteStream( PaStream *s, const void *buffer, unsigned long frames );
+static signed long GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream *s );
+static signed long GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream *s );
+
+/* Callback prototypes */
+static void *CallbackThreadFunc( void *userData );
+
+/* Functions specific to this API */
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_BuildDeviceList( PaAsiHpiHostApiRepresentation *hpiHostApi );
+static uint16_t PaAsiHpi_PaToHpiFormat( PaSampleFormat paFormat );
+static PaSampleFormat PaAsiHpi_HpiToPaFormat( uint16_t hpiFormat );
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_CreateFormat( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                      const PaStreamParameters *parameters, double sampleRate,
+                                      PaAsiHpiDeviceInfo **hpiDevice, struct hpi_format *hpiFormat );
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_OpenInput( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                   const PaAsiHpiDeviceInfo *hpiDevice, const struct hpi_format *hpiFormat,
+                                   hpi_handle_t *hpiStream );
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_OpenOutput( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                    const PaAsiHpiDeviceInfo *hpiDevice, const struct hpi_format *hpiFormat,
+                                    hpi_handle_t *hpiStream );
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_GetStreamInfo( PaAsiHpiStreamComponent *streamComp, PaAsiHpiStreamInfo *info );
+static void PaAsiHpi_StreamComponentDump( PaAsiHpiStreamComponent *streamComp, PaAsiHpiStream *stream );
+static void PaAsiHpi_StreamDump( PaAsiHpiStream *stream );
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_SetupBuffers( PaAsiHpiStreamComponent *streamComp, uint32_t pollingInterval,
+                                      unsigned long framesPerPaHostBuffer, PaTime suggestedLatency );
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_PrimeOutputWithSilence( PaAsiHpiStream *stream );
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_StartStream( PaAsiHpiStream *stream, int outputPrimed );
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_StopStream( PaAsiHpiStream *stream, int abort );
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_ExplicitStop( PaAsiHpiStream *stream, int abort );
+static void PaAsiHpi_OnThreadExit( void *userData );
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_WaitForFrames( PaAsiHpiStream *stream, unsigned long *framesAvail,
+                                       PaStreamCallbackFlags *cbFlags );
+static void PaAsiHpi_CalculateTimeInfo( PaAsiHpiStream *stream, PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo *timeInfo );
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_BeginProcessing( PaAsiHpiStream* stream, unsigned long* numFrames,
+        PaStreamCallbackFlags *cbFlags );
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_EndProcessing( PaAsiHpiStream *stream, unsigned long numFrames,
+                                       PaStreamCallbackFlags *cbFlags );
+
+/* ==========================================================================
+ * ============================= IMPLEMENTATION =============================
+ * ========================================================================== */
+
+/* --------------------------- Host API Interface --------------------------- */
+
+/** Enumerate all PA devices (= HPI streams).
+ This compiles a list of all HPI adapters, and registers a PA device for each input and
+ output stream it finds. Most errors are ignored, as missing or erroneous devices are
+ simply skipped.
+
+ @param hpiHostApi Pointer to HPI host API struct
+
+ @return PortAudio error code (only paInsufficientMemory in practice)
+ */
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_BuildDeviceList( PaAsiHpiHostApiRepresentation *hpiHostApi )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi = &hpiHostApi->baseHostApiRep;
+    PaHostApiInfo *baseApiInfo = &hostApi->info;
+    PaAsiHpiDeviceInfo *hpiDeviceList;
+    int numAdapters;
+    hpi_err_t hpiError = 0;
+    int i, j, deviceCount = 0, deviceIndex = 0;
+
+    assert( hpiHostApi );
+
+    /* Errors not considered critical here (subsystem may report 0 devices), but report them */
+    /* in debug mode. */
+    PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_SubSysGetNumAdapters( NULL, &numAdapters), paNoError );
+
+    for( i=0; i < numAdapters; ++i )
+    {
+        uint16_t inStreams, outStreams;
+        uint16_t version;
+        uint32_t serial;
+        uint16_t type;
+        uint32_t idx;
+
+        hpiError = HPI_SubSysGetAdapter(NULL, i, &idx, &type);
+        if (hpiError)
+            continue;
+
+        /* Try to open adapter */
+        hpiError = HPI_AdapterOpen( NULL, idx );
+        /* Report error and skip to next device on failure */
+        if( hpiError )
+        {
+            PA_ASIHPI_REPORT_ERROR_( hpiError );
+            continue;
+        }
+        hpiError = HPI_AdapterGetInfo( NULL, idx, &outStreams, &inStreams,
+                                       &version, &serial, &type );
+        /* Skip to next device on failure */
+        if( hpiError )
+        {
+            PA_ASIHPI_REPORT_ERROR_( hpiError );
+            continue;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            /* Assign default devices if available and increment device count */
+            if( (baseApiInfo->defaultInputDevice == paNoDevice) && (inStreams > 0) )
+                baseApiInfo->defaultInputDevice = deviceCount;
+            deviceCount += inStreams;
+            if( (baseApiInfo->defaultOutputDevice == paNoDevice) && (outStreams > 0) )
+                baseApiInfo->defaultOutputDevice = deviceCount;
+            deviceCount += outStreams;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Register any discovered devices */
+    if( deviceCount > 0 )
+    {
+        /* Memory allocation */
+        PA_UNLESS_( hostApi->deviceInfos = (PaDeviceInfo**) PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                                               hpiHostApi->allocations, sizeof(PaDeviceInfo*) * deviceCount ),
+                    paInsufficientMemory );
+        /* Allocate all device info structs in a contiguous block */
+        PA_UNLESS_( hpiDeviceList = (PaAsiHpiDeviceInfo*) PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                                        hpiHostApi->allocations, sizeof(PaAsiHpiDeviceInfo) * deviceCount ),
+                    paInsufficientMemory );
+
+        /* Now query devices again for information */
+        for( i=0; i < numAdapters; ++i )
+        {
+            uint16_t inStreams, outStreams;
+            uint16_t version;
+            uint32_t serial;
+            uint16_t type;
+            uint32_t idx;
+
+            hpiError = HPI_SubSysGetAdapter( NULL, i, &idx, &type );
+            if (hpiError)
+                continue;
+
+            /* Assume adapter is still open from previous round */
+            hpiError = HPI_AdapterGetInfo( NULL, idx,
+                                           &outStreams, &inStreams, &version, &serial, &type );
+            /* Report error and skip to next device on failure */
+            if( hpiError )
+            {
+                PA_ASIHPI_REPORT_ERROR_( hpiError );
+                continue;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(( "Found HPI Adapter ID=%4X Idx=%d #In=%d #Out=%d S/N=%d HWver=%c%d DSPver=%03d\n",
+                           type, idx, inStreams, outStreams, serial,
+                           ((version>>3)&0xf)+'A',                  /* Hw version major */
+                           version&0x7,                             /* Hw version minor */
+                           ((version>>13)*100)+((version>>7)&0x3f)  /* DSP code version */
+                         ));
+            }
+
+            /* First add all input streams as devices */
+            for( j=0; j < inStreams; ++j )
+            {
+                PaAsiHpiDeviceInfo *hpiDevice = &hpiDeviceList[deviceIndex];
+                PaDeviceInfo *baseDeviceInfo = &hpiDevice->baseDeviceInfo;
+                char srcName[72];
+                char *deviceName;
+
+                memset( hpiDevice, 0, sizeof(PaAsiHpiDeviceInfo) );
+                /* Set implementation-specific device details */
+                hpiDevice->adapterIndex = idx;
+                hpiDevice->adapterType = type;
+                hpiDevice->adapterVersion = version;
+                hpiDevice->adapterSerialNumber = serial;
+                hpiDevice->streamIndex = j;
+                hpiDevice->streamIsOutput = 0;
+                /* Set common PortAudio device stats */
+                baseDeviceInfo->structVersion = 2;
+                /* Make sure name string is owned by API info structure */
+                sprintf( srcName,
+                         "Adapter %d (%4X) - Input Stream %d", i+1, type, j+1 );
+                PA_UNLESS_( deviceName = (char *) PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                                             hpiHostApi->allocations, strlen(srcName) + 1 ), paInsufficientMemory );
+                strcpy( deviceName, srcName );
+                baseDeviceInfo->name = deviceName;
+                baseDeviceInfo->hostApi = hpiHostApi->hostApiIndex;
+                baseDeviceInfo->maxInputChannels = HPI_MAX_CHANNELS;
+                baseDeviceInfo->maxOutputChannels = 0;
+                /* Default latency values for interactive performance */
+                baseDeviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency = 0.01;
+                baseDeviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency = -1.0;
+                /* Default latency values for robust non-interactive applications (eg. playing sound files) */
+                baseDeviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency = 0.2;
+                baseDeviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency = -1.0;
+                /* HPI interface can actually handle any sampling rate to 1 Hz accuracy,
+                * so this default is as good as any */
+                baseDeviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 44100;
+
+                /* Store device in global PortAudio list */
+                hostApi->deviceInfos[deviceIndex++] = (PaDeviceInfo *) hpiDevice;
+            }
+
+            /* Now add all output streams as devices (I know, the repetition is painful) */
+            for( j=0; j < outStreams; ++j )
+            {
+                PaAsiHpiDeviceInfo *hpiDevice = &hpiDeviceList[deviceIndex];
+                PaDeviceInfo *baseDeviceInfo = &hpiDevice->baseDeviceInfo;
+                char srcName[72];
+                char *deviceName;
+
+                memset( hpiDevice, 0, sizeof(PaAsiHpiDeviceInfo) );
+                /* Set implementation-specific device details */
+                hpiDevice->adapterIndex = idx;
+                hpiDevice->adapterType = type;
+                hpiDevice->adapterVersion = version;
+                hpiDevice->adapterSerialNumber = serial;
+                hpiDevice->streamIndex = j;
+                hpiDevice->streamIsOutput = 1;
+                /* Set common PortAudio device stats */
+                baseDeviceInfo->structVersion = 2;
+                /* Make sure name string is owned by API info structure */
+                sprintf( srcName,
+                         "Adapter %d (%4X) - Output Stream %d", i+1, type, j+1 );
+                PA_UNLESS_( deviceName = (char *) PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                                             hpiHostApi->allocations, strlen(srcName) + 1 ), paInsufficientMemory );
+                strcpy( deviceName, srcName );
+                baseDeviceInfo->name = deviceName;
+                baseDeviceInfo->hostApi = hpiHostApi->hostApiIndex;
+                baseDeviceInfo->maxInputChannels = 0;
+                baseDeviceInfo->maxOutputChannels = HPI_MAX_CHANNELS;
+                /* Default latency values for interactive performance. */
+                baseDeviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency = -1.0;
+                baseDeviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency = 0.01;
+                /* Default latency values for robust non-interactive applications (eg. playing sound files). */
+                baseDeviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency = -1.0;
+                baseDeviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency = 0.2;
+                /* HPI interface can actually handle any sampling rate to 1 Hz accuracy,
+                * so this default is as good as any */
+                baseDeviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 44100;
+
+                /* Store device in global PortAudio list */
+                hostApi->deviceInfos[deviceIndex++] = (PaDeviceInfo *) hpiDevice;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Finally acknowledge checked devices */
+    baseApiInfo->deviceCount = deviceIndex;
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/** Initialize host API implementation.
+ This is the only function exported beyond this file. It is called by PortAudio to initialize
+ the host API. It stores API info, finds and registers all devices, and sets up callback and
+ blocking interfaces.
+
+ @param hostApi Pointer to host API struct
+
+ @param hostApiIndex Index of current (HPI) host API
+
+ @return PortAudio error code
+ */
+PaError PaAsiHpi_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex hostApiIndex )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsiHpiHostApiRepresentation *hpiHostApi = NULL;
+    PaHostApiInfo *baseApiInfo;
+
+    /* Try to initialize HPI subsystem */
+    if (!HPI_SubSysCreate())
+    {
+        /* the V19 development docs say that if an implementation
+         * detects that it cannot be used, it should return a NULL
+         * interface and paNoError */
+        PA_DEBUG(( "Could not open HPI interface\n" ));
+
+        *hostApi = NULL;
+        return paNoError;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        uint32_t hpiVersion;
+        PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_SubSysGetVersionEx( NULL, &hpiVersion ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        PA_DEBUG(( "HPI interface v%d.%02d.%02d\n",
+                   hpiVersion >> 16,  (hpiVersion >> 8) & 0x0F, (hpiVersion & 0x0F) ));
+    }
+
+    /* Allocate host API structure */
+    PA_UNLESS_( hpiHostApi = (PaAsiHpiHostApiRepresentation*) PaUtil_AllocateMemory(
+                                 sizeof(PaAsiHpiHostApiRepresentation) ), paInsufficientMemory );
+    PA_UNLESS_( hpiHostApi->allocations = PaUtil_CreateAllocationGroup(), paInsufficientMemory );
+
+    hpiHostApi->hostApiIndex = hostApiIndex;
+
+    *hostApi = &hpiHostApi->baseHostApiRep;
+    baseApiInfo = &((*hostApi)->info);
+    /* Fill in common API details */
+    baseApiInfo->structVersion = 1;
+    baseApiInfo->type = paAudioScienceHPI;
+    baseApiInfo->name = "AudioScience HPI";
+    baseApiInfo->deviceCount = 0;
+    baseApiInfo->defaultInputDevice = paNoDevice;
+    baseApiInfo->defaultOutputDevice = paNoDevice;
+
+    PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_BuildDeviceList( hpiHostApi ) );
+
+    (*hostApi)->Terminate = Terminate;
+    (*hostApi)->OpenStream = OpenStream;
+    (*hostApi)->IsFormatSupported = IsFormatSupported;
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( &hpiHostApi->callbackStreamInterface, CloseStream, StartStream,
+                                      StopStream, AbortStream, IsStreamStopped, IsStreamActive,
+                                      GetStreamTime, GetStreamCpuLoad,
+                                      PaUtil_DummyRead, PaUtil_DummyWrite,
+                                      PaUtil_DummyGetReadAvailable, PaUtil_DummyGetWriteAvailable );
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( &hpiHostApi->blockingStreamInterface, CloseStream, StartStream,
+                                      StopStream, AbortStream, IsStreamStopped, IsStreamActive,
+                                      GetStreamTime, PaUtil_DummyGetCpuLoad,
+                                      ReadStream, WriteStream, GetStreamReadAvailable, GetStreamWriteAvailable );
+
+    /* Store identity of main thread */
+    PA_ENSURE_( PaUnixThreading_Initialize() );
+
+    return result;
+error:
+    if (hpiHostApi)
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( hpiHostApi );
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/** Terminate host API implementation.
+ This closes all HPI adapters and frees the HPI subsystem. It also frees the host API struct
+ memory. It should be called once for every PaAsiHpi_Initialize call.
+
+ @param Pointer to host API struct
+ */
+static void Terminate( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi )
+{
+    PaAsiHpiHostApiRepresentation *hpiHostApi = (PaAsiHpiHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    int i;
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    if( hpiHostApi )
+    {
+        /* Get rid of HPI-specific structures */
+        uint16_t lastAdapterIndex = HPI_MAX_ADAPTERS;
+        /* Iterate through device list and close adapters */
+        for( i=0; i < hostApi->info.deviceCount; ++i )
+        {
+            PaAsiHpiDeviceInfo *hpiDevice = (PaAsiHpiDeviceInfo *) hostApi->deviceInfos[ i ];
+            /* Close adapter only if it differs from previous one */
+            if( hpiDevice->adapterIndex != lastAdapterIndex )
+            {
+                /* Ignore errors (report only during debugging) */
+                PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_AdapterClose( NULL,
+                                                     hpiDevice->adapterIndex ), paNoError );
+                lastAdapterIndex = hpiDevice->adapterIndex;
+            }
+        }
+        /* Finally dismantle HPI subsystem */
+        HPI_SubSysFree( NULL );
+
+        if( hpiHostApi->allocations )
+        {
+            PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations( hpiHostApi->allocations );
+            PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup( hpiHostApi->allocations );
+        }
+
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( hpiHostApi );
+    }
+error:
+    return;
+}
+
+
+/** Converts PortAudio sample format to equivalent HPI format.
+
+ @param paFormat PortAudio sample format
+
+ @return HPI sample format
+ */
+static uint16_t PaAsiHpi_PaToHpiFormat( PaSampleFormat paFormat )
+{
+    /* Ignore interleaving flag */
+    switch( paFormat & ~paNonInterleaved )
+    {
+    case paFloat32:
+        return HPI_FORMAT_PCM32_FLOAT;
+
+    case paInt32:
+        return HPI_FORMAT_PCM32_SIGNED;
+
+    case paInt24:
+        return HPI_FORMAT_PCM24_SIGNED;
+
+    case paInt16:
+        return HPI_FORMAT_PCM16_SIGNED;
+
+    case paUInt8:
+        return HPI_FORMAT_PCM8_UNSIGNED;
+
+        /* Default is 16-bit signed */
+    case paInt8:
+    default:
+        return HPI_FORMAT_PCM16_SIGNED;
+    }
+}
+
+
+/** Converts HPI sample format to equivalent PortAudio format.
+
+ @param paFormat HPI sample format
+
+ @return PortAudio sample format
+ */
+static PaSampleFormat PaAsiHpi_HpiToPaFormat( uint16_t hpiFormat )
+{
+    switch( hpiFormat )
+    {
+    case HPI_FORMAT_PCM32_FLOAT:
+        return paFloat32;
+
+    case HPI_FORMAT_PCM32_SIGNED:
+        return paInt32;
+
+    case HPI_FORMAT_PCM24_SIGNED:
+        return paInt24;
+
+    case HPI_FORMAT_PCM16_SIGNED:
+        return paInt16;
+
+    case HPI_FORMAT_PCM8_UNSIGNED:
+        return paUInt8;
+
+        /* Default is custom format (e.g. for HPI MP3 format) */
+    default:
+        return paCustomFormat;
+    }
+}
+
+
+/** Creates HPI format struct based on PortAudio parameters.
+ This also does some checks to see whether the desired format is valid, and whether
+ the device allows it. This only checks the format of one half (input or output) of the
+ PortAudio stream.
+
+ @param hostApi Pointer to host API struct
+
+ @param parameters Pointer to stream parameter struct
+
+ @param sampleRate Desired sample rate
+
+ @param hpiDevice Pointer to HPI device struct
+
+ @param hpiFormat Resulting HPI format returned here
+
+ @return PortAudio error code (typically indicating a problem with stream format)
+ */
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_CreateFormat( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                      const PaStreamParameters *parameters, double sampleRate,
+                                      PaAsiHpiDeviceInfo **hpiDevice, struct hpi_format *hpiFormat )
+{
+    int maxChannelCount = 0;
+    PaSampleFormat hostSampleFormat = 0;
+    hpi_err_t hpiError = 0;
+
+    /* Unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+       paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+    if( parameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+        return paInvalidDevice;
+    else
+    {
+        assert( parameters->device < hostApi->info.deviceCount );
+        *hpiDevice = (PaAsiHpiDeviceInfo*) hostApi->deviceInfos[ parameters->device ];
+    }
+
+    /* Validate streamInfo - this implementation doesn't use custom stream info */
+    if( parameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo )
+        return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+
+    /* Check that device can support channel count */
+    if( (*hpiDevice)->streamIsOutput )
+    {
+        maxChannelCount = (*hpiDevice)->baseDeviceInfo.maxOutputChannels;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        maxChannelCount = (*hpiDevice)->baseDeviceInfo.maxInputChannels;
+    }
+    if( (maxChannelCount == 0) || (parameters->channelCount > maxChannelCount) )
+        return paInvalidChannelCount;
+
+    /* All standard sample formats are supported by the buffer adapter,
+       and this implementation doesn't support any custom sample formats */
+    if( parameters->sampleFormat & paCustomFormat )
+        return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+    /* Switch to closest HPI native format */
+    hostSampleFormat = PaUtil_SelectClosestAvailableFormat(PA_ASIHPI_AVAILABLE_FORMATS_,
+                       parameters->sampleFormat );
+    /* Setup format + info objects */
+    hpiError = HPI_FormatCreate( hpiFormat, (uint16_t)parameters->channelCount,
+                                 PaAsiHpi_PaToHpiFormat( hostSampleFormat ),
+                                 (uint32_t)sampleRate, 0, 0 );
+    if( hpiError )
+    {
+        PA_ASIHPI_REPORT_ERROR_( hpiError );
+        switch( hpiError )
+        {
+        case HPI_ERROR_INVALID_FORMAT:
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+        case HPI_ERROR_INVALID_SAMPLERATE:
+        case HPI_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE_SAMPLERATE:
+            return paInvalidSampleRate;
+
+        case HPI_ERROR_INVALID_CHANNELS:
+            return paInvalidChannelCount;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+
+/** Open HPI input stream with given format.
+ This attempts to open HPI input stream with desired format. If the format is not supported
+ or the device is unavailable, the stream is closed and a PortAudio error code is returned.
+
+ @param hostApi Pointer to host API struct
+
+ @param hpiDevice Pointer to HPI device struct
+
+ @param hpiFormat Pointer to HPI format struct
+
+ @return PortAudio error code (typically indicating a problem with stream format or device)
+*/
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_OpenInput( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                   const PaAsiHpiDeviceInfo *hpiDevice, const struct hpi_format *hpiFormat,
+                                   hpi_handle_t *hpiStream )
+{
+    PaAsiHpiHostApiRepresentation *hpiHostApi = (PaAsiHpiHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    hpi_err_t hpiError = 0;
+
+    /* Catch misplaced output devices, as they typically have 0 input channels */
+    PA_UNLESS_( !hpiDevice->streamIsOutput, paInvalidChannelCount );
+    /* Try to open input stream */
+    PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_InStreamOpen( NULL, hpiDevice->adapterIndex,
+                                         hpiDevice->streamIndex, hpiStream ), paDeviceUnavailable );
+    /* Set input format (checking it in the process) */
+    /* Could also use HPI_InStreamQueryFormat, but this economizes the process */
+    hpiError = HPI_InStreamSetFormat( NULL, *hpiStream, (struct hpi_format*)hpiFormat );
+    if( hpiError )
+    {
+        PA_ASIHPI_REPORT_ERROR_( hpiError );
+        PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_InStreamClose( NULL, *hpiStream ), paNoError );
+        switch( hpiError )
+        {
+        case HPI_ERROR_INVALID_FORMAT:
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+        case HPI_ERROR_INVALID_SAMPLERATE:
+        case HPI_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE_SAMPLERATE:
+            return paInvalidSampleRate;
+
+        case HPI_ERROR_INVALID_CHANNELS:
+            return paInvalidChannelCount;
+
+        default:
+            /* In case anything else went wrong */
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+        }
+    }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/** Open HPI output stream with given format.
+ This attempts to open HPI output stream with desired format. If the format is not supported
+ or the device is unavailable, the stream is closed and a PortAudio error code is returned.
+
+ @param hostApi Pointer to host API struct
+
+ @param hpiDevice Pointer to HPI device struct
+
+ @param hpiFormat Pointer to HPI format struct
+
+ @return PortAudio error code (typically indicating a problem with stream format or device)
+*/
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_OpenOutput( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                    const PaAsiHpiDeviceInfo *hpiDevice, const struct hpi_format *hpiFormat,
+                                    hpi_handle_t *hpiStream )
+{
+    PaAsiHpiHostApiRepresentation *hpiHostApi = (PaAsiHpiHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    hpi_err_t hpiError = 0;
+
+    /* Catch misplaced input devices, as they typically have 0 output channels */
+    PA_UNLESS_( hpiDevice->streamIsOutput, paInvalidChannelCount );
+    /* Try to open output stream */
+    PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_OutStreamOpen( NULL, hpiDevice->adapterIndex,
+                                          hpiDevice->streamIndex, hpiStream ), paDeviceUnavailable );
+
+    /* Check output format (format is set on first write to output stream) */
+    hpiError = HPI_OutStreamQueryFormat( NULL, *hpiStream, (struct hpi_format*)hpiFormat );
+    if( hpiError )
+    {
+        PA_ASIHPI_REPORT_ERROR_( hpiError );
+        PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_OutStreamClose( NULL, *hpiStream ), paNoError );
+        switch( hpiError )
+        {
+        case HPI_ERROR_INVALID_FORMAT:
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+        case HPI_ERROR_INVALID_SAMPLERATE:
+        case HPI_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE_SAMPLERATE:
+            return paInvalidSampleRate;
+
+        case HPI_ERROR_INVALID_CHANNELS:
+            return paInvalidChannelCount;
+
+        default:
+            /* In case anything else went wrong */
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+        }
+    }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/** Checks whether the desired stream formats and devices are supported
+ (for both input and output).
+ This is done by actually opening the appropriate HPI streams and closing them again.
+
+ @param hostApi Pointer to host API struct
+
+ @param inputParameters Pointer to stream parameter struct for input side of stream
+
+ @param outputParameters Pointer to stream parameter struct for output side of stream
+
+ @param sampleRate Desired sample rate
+
+ @return PortAudio error code (paFormatIsSupported on success)
+ */
+static PaError IsFormatSupported( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                  double sampleRate )
+{
+    PaError result = paFormatIsSupported;
+    PaAsiHpiHostApiRepresentation *hpiHostApi = (PaAsiHpiHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    PaAsiHpiDeviceInfo *hpiDevice = NULL;
+    struct hpi_format hpiFormat;
+
+    /* Input stream */
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        hpi_handle_t hpiStream;
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Checking input params: dev=%d, sr=%d, chans=%d, fmt=%d\n",
+                   __FUNCTION__, inputParameters->device, (int)sampleRate,
+                   inputParameters->channelCount, inputParameters->sampleFormat ));
+        /* Create and validate format */
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_CreateFormat( hostApi, inputParameters, sampleRate,
+                                           &hpiDevice, &hpiFormat ) );
+        /* Open stream to further check format */
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_OpenInput( hostApi, hpiDevice, &hpiFormat, &hpiStream ) );
+        /* Close stream again */
+        PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_InStreamClose( NULL, hpiStream ), paNoError );
+    }
+
+    /* Output stream */
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        hpi_handle_t hpiStream;
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Checking output params: dev=%d, sr=%d, chans=%d, fmt=%d\n",
+                   __FUNCTION__, outputParameters->device, (int)sampleRate,
+                   outputParameters->channelCount, outputParameters->sampleFormat ));
+        /* Create and validate format */
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_CreateFormat( hostApi, outputParameters, sampleRate,
+                                           &hpiDevice, &hpiFormat ) );
+        /* Open stream to further check format */
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_OpenOutput( hostApi, hpiDevice, &hpiFormat, &hpiStream ) );
+        /* Close stream again */
+        PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_OutStreamClose( NULL, hpiStream ), paNoError );
+    }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------- Stream Interface ---------------------------- */
+
+/** Obtain HPI stream information.
+ This obtains info such as stream state and available data/space in buffers. It also
+ estimates whether an underflow or overflow occurred.
+
+ @param streamComp Pointer to stream component (input or output) to query
+
+ @param info Pointer to stream info struct that will contain result
+
+ @return PortAudio error code (either paNoError, paDeviceUnavailable or paUnanticipatedHostError)
+ */
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_GetStreamInfo( PaAsiHpiStreamComponent *streamComp, PaAsiHpiStreamInfo *info )
+{
+    PaError result = paDeviceUnavailable;
+    uint16_t state;
+    uint32_t bufferSize, dataSize, frameCounter, auxDataSize, threshold;
+    uint32_t hwBufferSize, hwDataSize;
+
+    assert( streamComp );
+    assert( info );
+
+    /* First blank the stream info struct, in case something goes wrong below.
+       This saves the caller from initializing the struct. */
+    info->state = 0;
+    info->bufferSize = 0;
+    info->dataSize = 0;
+    info->frameCounter = 0;
+    info->auxDataSize = 0;
+    info->totalBufferedData = 0;
+    info->availableFrames = 0;
+    info->underflow = 0;
+    info->overflow = 0;
+
+    if( streamComp->hpiDevice && streamComp->hpiStream )
+    {
+        /* Obtain detailed stream info (either input or output) */
+        if( streamComp->hpiDevice->streamIsOutput )
+        {
+            PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_OutStreamGetInfoEx( NULL,
+                               streamComp->hpiStream,
+                               &state, &bufferSize, &dataSize, &frameCounter,
+                               &auxDataSize ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_InStreamGetInfoEx( NULL,
+                               streamComp->hpiStream,
+                               &state, &bufferSize, &dataSize, &frameCounter,
+                               &auxDataSize ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        }
+        /* Load stream info */
+        info->state = state;
+        info->bufferSize = bufferSize;
+        info->dataSize = dataSize;
+        info->frameCounter = frameCounter;
+        info->auxDataSize = auxDataSize;
+        /* Determine total buffered data */
+        info->totalBufferedData = dataSize;
+        if( streamComp->hostBufferSize > 0 )
+            info->totalBufferedData += auxDataSize;
+        info->totalBufferedData /= streamComp->bytesPerFrame;
+        /* Determine immediately available frames */
+        info->availableFrames = streamComp->hpiDevice->streamIsOutput ?
+                                bufferSize - dataSize : dataSize;
+        info->availableFrames /= streamComp->bytesPerFrame;
+        /* Minimum space/data required in buffers */
+        threshold = PA_MIN( streamComp->tempBufferSize,
+                            streamComp->bytesPerFrame * PA_ASIHPI_MIN_FRAMES_ );
+        /* Obtain hardware buffer stats first, to simplify things */
+        hwBufferSize = streamComp->hardwareBufferSize;
+        hwDataSize = streamComp->hostBufferSize > 0 ? auxDataSize : dataSize;
+        /* Underflow is a bit tricky */
+        info->underflow = streamComp->hpiDevice->streamIsOutput ?
+                          /* Stream seems to start in drained state sometimes, so ignore initial underflow */
+                          (frameCounter > 0) && ( (state == HPI_STATE_DRAINED) || (hwDataSize == 0) ) :
+                          /* Input streams check the first-level (host) buffer for underflow */
+                          (state != HPI_STATE_STOPPED) && (dataSize < threshold);
+        /* Check for overflow in second-level (hardware) buffer for both input and output */
+        info->overflow = (state != HPI_STATE_STOPPED) && (hwBufferSize - hwDataSize < threshold);
+
+        return paNoError;
+    }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/** Display stream component information for debugging purposes.
+
+ @param streamComp Pointer to stream component (input or output) to query
+
+ @param stream Pointer to stream struct which contains the component above
+ */
+static void PaAsiHpi_StreamComponentDump( PaAsiHpiStreamComponent *streamComp,
+        PaAsiHpiStream *stream )
+{
+    PaAsiHpiStreamInfo streamInfo;
+
+    assert( streamComp );
+    assert( stream );
+
+    /* Name of soundcard/device used by component */
+    PA_DEBUG(( "device: %s\n", streamComp->hpiDevice->baseDeviceInfo.name ));
+    /* Unfortunately some overlap between input and output here */
+    if( streamComp->hpiDevice->streamIsOutput )
+    {
+        /* Settings on the user side (as experienced by user callback) */
+        PA_DEBUG(( "user: %d-bit, %d ",
+                   8*stream->bufferProcessor.bytesPerUserOutputSample,
+                   stream->bufferProcessor.outputChannelCount));
+        if( stream->bufferProcessor.userOutputIsInterleaved )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(( "interleaved channels, " ));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(( "non-interleaved channels, " ));
+        }
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%d frames/buffer, latency = %5.1f ms\n",
+                   stream->bufferProcessor.framesPerUserBuffer,
+                   1000*stream->baseStreamRep.streamInfo.outputLatency ));
+        /* Settings on the host side (internal to PortAudio host API) */
+        PA_DEBUG(( "host: %d-bit, %d interleaved channels, %d frames/buffer ",
+                   8*stream->bufferProcessor.bytesPerHostOutputSample,
+                   stream->bufferProcessor.outputChannelCount,
+                   stream->bufferProcessor.framesPerHostBuffer ));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* Settings on the user side (as experienced by user callback) */
+        PA_DEBUG(( "user: %d-bit, %d ",
+                   8*stream->bufferProcessor.bytesPerUserInputSample,
+                   stream->bufferProcessor.inputChannelCount));
+        if( stream->bufferProcessor.userInputIsInterleaved )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(( "interleaved channels, " ));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(( "non-interleaved channels, " ));
+        }
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%d frames/buffer, latency = %5.1f ms\n",
+                   stream->bufferProcessor.framesPerUserBuffer,
+                   1000*stream->baseStreamRep.streamInfo.inputLatency ));
+        /* Settings on the host side (internal to PortAudio host API) */
+        PA_DEBUG(( "host: %d-bit, %d interleaved channels, %d frames/buffer ",
+                   8*stream->bufferProcessor.bytesPerHostInputSample,
+                   stream->bufferProcessor.inputChannelCount,
+                   stream->bufferProcessor.framesPerHostBuffer ));
+    }
+    switch( stream->bufferProcessor.hostBufferSizeMode )
+    {
+    case paUtilFixedHostBufferSize:
+        PA_DEBUG(( "[fixed] " ));
+        break;
+    case paUtilBoundedHostBufferSize:
+        PA_DEBUG(( "[bounded] " ));
+        break;
+    case paUtilUnknownHostBufferSize:
+        PA_DEBUG(( "[unknown] " ));
+        break;
+    case paUtilVariableHostBufferSizePartialUsageAllowed:
+        PA_DEBUG(( "[variable] " ));
+        break;
+    }
+    PA_DEBUG(( "(%d max)\n", streamComp->tempBufferSize / streamComp->bytesPerFrame ));
+    /* HPI hardware settings */
+    PA_DEBUG(( "HPI: adapter %d stream %d, %d-bit, %d-channel, %d Hz\n",
+               streamComp->hpiDevice->adapterIndex, streamComp->hpiDevice->streamIndex,
+               8 * streamComp->bytesPerFrame / streamComp->hpiFormat.wChannels,
+               streamComp->hpiFormat.wChannels,
+               streamComp->hpiFormat.dwSampleRate ));
+    /* Stream state and buffer levels */
+    PA_DEBUG(( "HPI: " ));
+    PaAsiHpi_GetStreamInfo( streamComp, &streamInfo );
+    switch( streamInfo.state )
+    {
+    case HPI_STATE_STOPPED:
+        PA_DEBUG(( "[STOPPED] " ));
+        break;
+    case HPI_STATE_PLAYING:
+        PA_DEBUG(( "[PLAYING] " ));
+        break;
+    case HPI_STATE_RECORDING:
+        PA_DEBUG(( "[RECORDING] " ));
+        break;
+    case HPI_STATE_DRAINED:
+        PA_DEBUG(( "[DRAINED] " ));
+        break;
+    default:
+        PA_DEBUG(( "[unknown state] " ));
+        break;
+    }
+    if( streamComp->hostBufferSize )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(( "host = %d/%d B, ", streamInfo.dataSize, streamComp->hostBufferSize ));
+        PA_DEBUG(( "hw = %d/%d (%d) B, ", streamInfo.auxDataSize,
+                   streamComp->hardwareBufferSize, streamComp->outputBufferCap ));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(( "hw = %d/%d B, ", streamInfo.dataSize, streamComp->hardwareBufferSize ));
+    }
+    PA_DEBUG(( "count = %d", streamInfo.frameCounter ));
+    if( streamInfo.overflow )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(( " [overflow]" ));
+    }
+    else if( streamInfo.underflow )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(( " [underflow]" ));
+    }
+    PA_DEBUG(( "\n" ));
+}
+
+
+/** Display stream information for debugging purposes.
+
+ @param stream Pointer to stream to query
+ */
+static void PaAsiHpi_StreamDump( PaAsiHpiStream *stream )
+{
+    assert( stream );
+
+    PA_DEBUG(( "\n------------------------- STREAM INFO FOR %p ---------------------------\n", stream ));
+    /* General stream info (input+output) */
+    if( stream->baseStreamRep.streamCallback )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(( "[callback] " ));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(( "[blocking] " ));
+    }
+    PA_DEBUG(( "sr=%d Hz, poll=%d ms, max %d frames/buf ",
+               (int)stream->baseStreamRep.streamInfo.sampleRate,
+               stream->pollingInterval, stream->maxFramesPerHostBuffer ));
+    switch( stream->state )
+    {
+    case paAsiHpiStoppedState:
+        PA_DEBUG(( "[stopped]\n" ));
+        break;
+    case paAsiHpiActiveState:
+        PA_DEBUG(( "[active]\n" ));
+        break;
+    case paAsiHpiCallbackFinishedState:
+        PA_DEBUG(( "[cb fin]\n" ));
+        break;
+    default:
+        PA_DEBUG(( "[unknown state]\n" ));
+        break;
+    }
+    if( stream->callbackMode )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(( "cb info: thread=%p, cbAbort=%d, cbFinished=%d\n",
+                   stream->thread.thread, stream->callbackAbort, stream->callbackFinished ));
+    }
+
+    PA_DEBUG(( "----------------------------------- Input  ------------------------------------\n" ));
+    if( stream->input )
+    {
+        PaAsiHpi_StreamComponentDump( stream->input, stream );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(( "*none*\n" ));
+    }
+
+    PA_DEBUG(( "----------------------------------- Output ------------------------------------\n" ));
+    if( stream->output )
+    {
+        PaAsiHpi_StreamComponentDump( stream->output, stream );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(( "*none*\n" ));
+    }
+    PA_DEBUG(( "-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n" ));
+
+}
+
+
+/** Determine buffer sizes and allocate appropriate stream buffers.
+ This attempts to allocate a BBM (host) buffer for the HPI stream component (either input
+ or output, as both have similar buffer needs). Not all AudioScience adapters support BBM,
+ in which case the hardware buffer has to suffice. The size of the HPI host buffer is chosen
+ as a multiple of framesPerPaHostBuffer, and also influenced by the suggested latency and the
+ estimated minimum polling interval. The HPI host and hardware buffer sizes are stored, and an
+ appropriate cap for the hardware buffer is also calculated. Finally, the temporary stream
+ buffer which serves as the PortAudio host buffer for this implementation is allocated.
+ This buffer contains an integer number of user buffers, to simplify buffer adaption in the
+ buffer processor. The function returns paBufferTooBig if the HPI interface cannot allocate
+ an HPI host buffer of the desired size.
+
+ @param streamComp Pointer to stream component struct
+
+ @param pollingInterval Polling interval for stream, in milliseconds
+
+ @param framesPerPaHostBuffer Size of PortAudio host buffer, in frames
+
+ @param suggestedLatency Suggested latency for stream component, in seconds
+
+ @return PortAudio error code (possibly paBufferTooBig or paInsufficientMemory)
+ */
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_SetupBuffers( PaAsiHpiStreamComponent *streamComp, uint32_t pollingInterval,
+                                      unsigned long framesPerPaHostBuffer, PaTime suggestedLatency )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsiHpiStreamInfo streamInfo;
+    unsigned long hpiBufferSize = 0, paHostBufferSize = 0;
+
+    assert( streamComp );
+    assert( streamComp->hpiDevice );
+
+    /* Obtain size of hardware buffer of HPI stream, since we will be activating BBM shortly
+       and afterwards the buffer size will refer to the BBM (host-side) buffer.
+       This is necessary to enable reliable detection of xruns. */
+    PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_GetStreamInfo( streamComp, &streamInfo ) );
+    streamComp->hardwareBufferSize = streamInfo.bufferSize;
+    hpiBufferSize = streamInfo.bufferSize;
+
+    /* Check if BBM (background bus mastering) is to be enabled */
+    if( PA_ASIHPI_USE_BBM_ )
+    {
+        uint32_t bbmBufferSize = 0, preLatencyBufferSize = 0;
+        hpi_err_t hpiError = 0;
+        PaTime pollingOverhead;
+
+        /* Check overhead of Pa_Sleep() call (minimum sleep duration in ms -> OS dependent) */
+        pollingOverhead = PaUtil_GetTime();
+        Pa_Sleep( 0 );
+        pollingOverhead = 1000*(PaUtil_GetTime() - pollingOverhead);
+        PA_DEBUG(( "polling overhead = %f ms (length of 0-second sleep)\n", pollingOverhead ));
+        /* Obtain minimum recommended size for host buffer (in bytes) */
+        PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_StreamEstimateBufferSize( &streamComp->hpiFormat,
+                           pollingInterval + (uint32_t)ceil( pollingOverhead ),
+                           &bbmBufferSize ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        /* BBM places more stringent requirements on buffer size (see description */
+        /* of HPI_StreamEstimateBufferSize in HPI API document) */
+        bbmBufferSize *= 3;
+        /* Make sure the BBM buffer contains multiple PA host buffers */
+        if( bbmBufferSize < 3 * streamComp->bytesPerFrame * framesPerPaHostBuffer )
+            bbmBufferSize = 3 * streamComp->bytesPerFrame * framesPerPaHostBuffer;
+        /* Try to honor latency suggested by user by growing buffer (no decrease possible) */
+        if( suggestedLatency > 0.0 )
+        {
+            PaTime bufferDuration = ((PaTime)bbmBufferSize) / streamComp->bytesPerFrame
+                                    / streamComp->hpiFormat.dwSampleRate;
+            /* Don't decrease buffer */
+            if( bufferDuration < suggestedLatency )
+            {
+                /* Save old buffer size, to be retried if new size proves too big */
+                preLatencyBufferSize = bbmBufferSize;
+                bbmBufferSize = (uint32_t)ceil( suggestedLatency * streamComp->bytesPerFrame
+                                            * streamComp->hpiFormat.dwSampleRate );
+            }
+        }
+        /* Choose closest memory block boundary (HPI API document states that
+        "a buffer size of Nx4096 - 20 makes the best use of memory"
+        (under the entry for HPI_StreamEstimateBufferSize)) */
+        bbmBufferSize = ((uint32_t)ceil((bbmBufferSize + 20)/4096.0))*4096 - 20;
+        streamComp->hostBufferSize = bbmBufferSize;
+        /* Allocate BBM host buffer (this enables bus mastering transfers in background) */
+        if( streamComp->hpiDevice->streamIsOutput )
+            hpiError = HPI_OutStreamHostBufferAllocate( NULL,
+                       streamComp->hpiStream,
+                       bbmBufferSize );
+        else
+            hpiError = HPI_InStreamHostBufferAllocate( NULL,
+                       streamComp->hpiStream,
+                       bbmBufferSize );
+        if( hpiError )
+        {
+            /* Indicate that BBM is disabled */
+            streamComp->hostBufferSize = 0;
+            /* Retry with smaller buffer size (transfers will still work, but not via BBM) */
+            if( hpiError == HPI_ERROR_INVALID_DATASIZE )
+            {
+                /* Retry BBM allocation with smaller size if requested latency proved too big */
+                if( preLatencyBufferSize > 0 )
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(( "Retrying BBM allocation with smaller size (%d vs. %d bytes)\n",
+                               preLatencyBufferSize, bbmBufferSize ));
+                    bbmBufferSize = preLatencyBufferSize;
+                    if( streamComp->hpiDevice->streamIsOutput )
+                        hpiError = HPI_OutStreamHostBufferAllocate( NULL,
+                                   streamComp->hpiStream,
+                                   bbmBufferSize );
+                    else
+                        hpiError = HPI_InStreamHostBufferAllocate( NULL,
+                                   streamComp->hpiStream,
+                                   bbmBufferSize );
+                    /* Another round of error checking */
+                    if( hpiError )
+                    {
+                        PA_ASIHPI_REPORT_ERROR_( hpiError );
+                        /* No escapes this time */
+                        if( hpiError == HPI_ERROR_INVALID_DATASIZE )
+                        {
+                            result = paBufferTooBig;
+                            goto error;
+                        }
+                        else if( hpiError != HPI_ERROR_INVALID_OPERATION )
+                        {
+                            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                            goto error;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        streamComp->hostBufferSize = bbmBufferSize;
+                        hpiBufferSize = bbmBufferSize;
+                    }
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    result = paBufferTooBig;
+                    goto error;
+                }
+            }
+            /* If BBM not supported, foreground transfers will be used, but not a show-stopper */
+            /* Anything else is an error */
+            else if (( hpiError != HPI_ERROR_INVALID_OPERATION ) &&
+                    ( hpiError != HPI_ERROR_INVALID_FUNC ))
+            {
+                PA_ASIHPI_REPORT_ERROR_( hpiError );
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                goto error;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            hpiBufferSize = bbmBufferSize;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Final check of buffer size */
+    paHostBufferSize = streamComp->bytesPerFrame * framesPerPaHostBuffer;
+    if( hpiBufferSize < 3*paHostBufferSize )
+    {
+        result = paBufferTooBig;
+        goto error;
+    }
+    /* Set cap on output buffer size, based on latency suggestions */
+    if( streamComp->hpiDevice->streamIsOutput )
+    {
+        PaTime latency = suggestedLatency > 0.0 ? suggestedLatency :
+                         streamComp->hpiDevice->baseDeviceInfo.defaultHighOutputLatency;
+        streamComp->outputBufferCap =
+            (uint32_t)ceil( latency * streamComp->bytesPerFrame * streamComp->hpiFormat.dwSampleRate );
+        /* The cap should not be too small, to prevent underflow */
+        if( streamComp->outputBufferCap < 4*paHostBufferSize )
+            streamComp->outputBufferCap = 4*paHostBufferSize;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        streamComp->outputBufferCap = 0;
+    }
+    /* Temp buffer size should be multiple of PA host buffer size (or 1x, if using fixed blocks) */
+    streamComp->tempBufferSize = paHostBufferSize;
+    /* Allocate temp buffer */
+    PA_UNLESS_( streamComp->tempBuffer = (uint8_t *)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( streamComp->tempBufferSize ),
+                paInsufficientMemory );
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/** Opens PortAudio stream.
+ This determines a suitable value for framesPerBuffer, if the user didn't specify it,
+ based on the suggested latency. It then opens each requested stream direction with the
+ appropriate stream format, and allocates the required stream buffers. It sets up the
+ various PortAudio structures dealing with streams, and estimates the stream latency.
+
+ See pa_hostapi.h for a list of validity guarantees made about OpenStream parameters.
+
+ @param hostApi Pointer to host API struct
+
+ @param s List of open streams, where successfully opened stream will go
+
+ @param inputParameters Pointer to stream parameter struct for input side of stream
+
+ @param outputParameters Pointer to stream parameter struct for output side of stream
+
+ @param sampleRate Desired sample rate
+
+ @param framesPerBuffer Desired number of frames per buffer passed to user callback
+                        (or chunk size for blocking stream)
+
+ @param streamFlags Stream flags
+
+ @param streamCallback Pointer to user callback function (zero for blocking interface)
+
+ @param userData Pointer to user data that will be passed to callback function along with data
+
+ @return PortAudio error code
+*/
+static PaError OpenStream( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                           PaStream **s,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                           double sampleRate,
+                           unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                           PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                           PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                           void *userData )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsiHpiHostApiRepresentation *hpiHostApi = (PaAsiHpiHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    PaAsiHpiStream *stream = NULL;
+    unsigned long framesPerHostBuffer = framesPerBuffer;
+    int inputChannelCount = 0, outputChannelCount = 0;
+    PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat = 0, outputSampleFormat = 0;
+    PaSampleFormat hostInputSampleFormat = 0, hostOutputSampleFormat = 0;
+    PaTime maxSuggestedLatency = 0.0;
+
+    /* Validate platform-specific flags -> none expected for HPI */
+    if( (streamFlags & paPlatformSpecificFlags) != 0 )
+        return paInvalidFlag; /* unexpected platform-specific flag */
+
+    /* Create blank stream structure */
+    PA_UNLESS_( stream = (PaAsiHpiStream *)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaAsiHpiStream) ),
+                paInsufficientMemory );
+    memset( stream, 0, sizeof(PaAsiHpiStream) );
+
+    /* If the number of frames per buffer is unspecified, we have to come up with one. */
+    if( framesPerHostBuffer == paFramesPerBufferUnspecified )
+    {
+        if( inputParameters )
+            maxSuggestedLatency = inputParameters->suggestedLatency;
+        if( outputParameters && (outputParameters->suggestedLatency > maxSuggestedLatency) )
+            maxSuggestedLatency = outputParameters->suggestedLatency;
+        /* Use suggested latency if available */
+        if( maxSuggestedLatency > 0.0 )
+            framesPerHostBuffer = (unsigned long)ceil( maxSuggestedLatency * sampleRate );
+        else
+            /* AudioScience cards like BIG buffers by default */
+            framesPerHostBuffer = 4096;
+    }
+    /* Lower bounds on host buffer size, due to polling and HPI constraints */
+    if( 1000.0*framesPerHostBuffer/sampleRate < PA_ASIHPI_MIN_POLLING_INTERVAL_ )
+        framesPerHostBuffer = (unsigned long)ceil( sampleRate * PA_ASIHPI_MIN_POLLING_INTERVAL_ / 1000.0 );
+    /*    if( framesPerHostBuffer < PA_ASIHPI_MIN_FRAMES_ )
+            framesPerHostBuffer = PA_ASIHPI_MIN_FRAMES_; */
+    /* Efficient if host buffer size is integer multiple of user buffer size */
+    if( framesPerBuffer > 0 )
+        framesPerHostBuffer = (unsigned long)ceil( (double)framesPerHostBuffer / framesPerBuffer ) * framesPerBuffer;
+    /* Buffer should always be a multiple of 4 bytes to facilitate 32-bit PCI transfers.
+     By keeping the frames a multiple of 4, this is ensured even for 8-bit mono sound. */
+    framesPerHostBuffer = (framesPerHostBuffer / 4) * 4;
+    /* Polling is based on time length (in milliseconds) of user-requested block size */
+    stream->pollingInterval = (uint32_t)ceil( 1000.0*framesPerHostBuffer/sampleRate );
+    assert( framesPerHostBuffer > 0 );
+
+    /* Open underlying streams, check formats and allocate buffers */
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        /* Create blank stream component structure */
+        PA_UNLESS_( stream->input = (PaAsiHpiStreamComponent *)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaAsiHpiStreamComponent) ),
+                    paInsufficientMemory );
+        memset( stream->input, 0, sizeof(PaAsiHpiStreamComponent) );
+        /* Create/validate format */
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_CreateFormat( hostApi, inputParameters, sampleRate,
+                                           &stream->input->hpiDevice, &stream->input->hpiFormat ) );
+        /* Open stream and set format */
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_OpenInput( hostApi, stream->input->hpiDevice, &stream->input->hpiFormat,
+                                        &stream->input->hpiStream ) );
+        inputChannelCount = inputParameters->channelCount;
+        inputSampleFormat = inputParameters->sampleFormat;
+        hostInputSampleFormat = PaAsiHpi_HpiToPaFormat( stream->input->hpiFormat.wFormat );
+        stream->input->bytesPerFrame = inputChannelCount * Pa_GetSampleSize( hostInputSampleFormat );
+        assert( stream->input->bytesPerFrame > 0 );
+        /* Allocate host and temp buffers of appropriate size */
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_SetupBuffers( stream->input, stream->pollingInterval,
+                                           framesPerHostBuffer, inputParameters->suggestedLatency ) );
+    }
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        /* Create blank stream component structure */
+        PA_UNLESS_( stream->output = (PaAsiHpiStreamComponent *)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaAsiHpiStreamComponent) ),
+                    paInsufficientMemory );
+        memset( stream->output, 0, sizeof(PaAsiHpiStreamComponent) );
+        /* Create/validate format */
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_CreateFormat( hostApi, outputParameters, sampleRate,
+                                           &stream->output->hpiDevice, &stream->output->hpiFormat ) );
+        /* Open stream and check format */
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_OpenOutput( hostApi, stream->output->hpiDevice,
+                                         &stream->output->hpiFormat,
+                                         &stream->output->hpiStream ) );
+        outputChannelCount = outputParameters->channelCount;
+        outputSampleFormat = outputParameters->sampleFormat;
+        hostOutputSampleFormat = PaAsiHpi_HpiToPaFormat( stream->output->hpiFormat.wFormat );
+        stream->output->bytesPerFrame = outputChannelCount * Pa_GetSampleSize( hostOutputSampleFormat );
+        /* Allocate host and temp buffers of appropriate size */
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_SetupBuffers( stream->output, stream->pollingInterval,
+                                           framesPerHostBuffer, outputParameters->suggestedLatency ) );
+    }
+
+    /* Determine maximum frames per host buffer (least common denominator of input/output) */
+    if( inputParameters && outputParameters )
+    {
+        stream->maxFramesPerHostBuffer = PA_MIN( stream->input->tempBufferSize / stream->input->bytesPerFrame,
+                                         stream->output->tempBufferSize / stream->output->bytesPerFrame );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        stream->maxFramesPerHostBuffer = inputParameters ? stream->input->tempBufferSize / stream->input->bytesPerFrame
+                                         : stream->output->tempBufferSize / stream->output->bytesPerFrame;
+    }
+    assert( stream->maxFramesPerHostBuffer > 0 );
+    /* Initialize various other stream parameters */
+    stream->neverDropInput = streamFlags & paNeverDropInput;
+    stream->state = paAsiHpiStoppedState;
+
+    /* Initialize either callback or blocking interface */
+    if( streamCallback )
+    {
+        PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation( &stream->baseStreamRep,
+                                               &hpiHostApi->callbackStreamInterface,
+                                               streamCallback, userData );
+        stream->callbackMode = 1;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation( &stream->baseStreamRep,
+                                               &hpiHostApi->blockingStreamInterface,
+                                               streamCallback, userData );
+        /* Pre-allocate non-interleaved user buffer pointers for blocking interface */
+        PA_UNLESS_( stream->blockingUserBufferCopy =
+                        PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(void *) * PA_MAX( inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount ) ),
+                    paInsufficientMemory );
+        stream->callbackMode = 0;
+    }
+    PaUtil_InitializeCpuLoadMeasurer( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer, sampleRate );
+
+    /* Following pa_linux_alsa's lead, we operate with fixed host buffer size by default, */
+    /* since other modes will invariably lead to block adaption (maybe Bounded better?) */
+    PA_ENSURE_( PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor,
+                inputChannelCount, inputSampleFormat, hostInputSampleFormat,
+                outputChannelCount, outputSampleFormat, hostOutputSampleFormat,
+                sampleRate, streamFlags,
+                framesPerBuffer, framesPerHostBuffer, paUtilFixedHostBufferSize,
+                streamCallback, userData ) );
+
+    stream->baseStreamRep.streamInfo.structVersion = 1;
+    stream->baseStreamRep.streamInfo.sampleRate = sampleRate;
+    /* Determine input latency from buffer processor and buffer sizes */
+    if( stream->input )
+    {
+        PaTime bufferDuration = ( stream->input->hostBufferSize + stream->input->hardwareBufferSize )
+                                / sampleRate / stream->input->bytesPerFrame;
+        stream->baseStreamRep.streamInfo.inputLatency =
+            bufferDuration +
+            ((PaTime)PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames( &stream->bufferProcessor ) -
+                stream->maxFramesPerHostBuffer) / sampleRate;
+        assert( stream->baseStreamRep.streamInfo.inputLatency > 0.0 );
+    }
+    /* Determine output latency from buffer processor and buffer sizes */
+    if( stream->output )
+    {
+        PaTime bufferDuration = ( stream->output->hostBufferSize + stream->output->hardwareBufferSize )
+                                / sampleRate / stream->output->bytesPerFrame;
+        /* Take buffer size cap into account (see PaAsiHpi_WaitForFrames) */
+        if( !stream->input && (stream->output->outputBufferCap > 0) )
+        {
+            bufferDuration = PA_MIN( bufferDuration,
+                                     stream->output->outputBufferCap / sampleRate / stream->output->bytesPerFrame );
+        }
+        stream->baseStreamRep.streamInfo.outputLatency =
+            bufferDuration +
+            ((PaTime)PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames( &stream->bufferProcessor ) -
+                stream->maxFramesPerHostBuffer) / sampleRate;
+        assert( stream->baseStreamRep.streamInfo.outputLatency > 0.0 );
+    }
+
+    /* Report stream info, for debugging purposes */
+    PaAsiHpi_StreamDump( stream );
+
+    /* Save initialized stream to PA stream list */
+    *s = (PaStream*)stream;
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    CloseStream( (PaStream*)stream );
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/** Close PortAudio stream.
+ When CloseStream() is called, the multi-api layer ensures that the stream has already
+ been stopped or aborted. This closes the underlying HPI streams and deallocates stream
+ buffers and structs.
+
+ @param s Pointer to PortAudio stream
+
+ @return PortAudio error code
+*/
+static PaError CloseStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsiHpiStream *stream = (PaAsiHpiStream*)s;
+
+    /* If stream is already gone, all is well */
+    if( stream == NULL )
+        return paNoError;
+
+    /* Generic stream cleanup */
+    PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+    PaUtil_TerminateStreamRepresentation( &stream->baseStreamRep );
+
+    /* Implementation-specific details - close internal streams */
+    if( stream->input )
+    {
+        /* Close HPI stream (freeing BBM host buffer in the process, if used) */
+        if( stream->input->hpiStream )
+        {
+            PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_InStreamClose( NULL,
+                                                  stream->input->hpiStream ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        }
+        /* Free temp buffer and stream component */
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->input->tempBuffer );
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->input );
+    }
+    if( stream->output )
+    {
+        /* Close HPI stream (freeing BBM host buffer in the process, if used) */
+        if( stream->output->hpiStream )
+        {
+            PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_OutStreamClose( NULL,
+                                                   stream->output->hpiStream ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        }
+        /* Free temp buffer and stream component */
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->output->tempBuffer );
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->output );
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingUserBufferCopy );
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream );
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/** Prime HPI output stream with silence.
+ This resets the output stream and uses PortAudio helper routines to fill the
+ temp buffer with silence. It then writes two host buffers to the stream. This is supposed
+ to be called before the stream is started. It has no effect on input-only streams.
+
+ @param stream Pointer to stream struct
+
+ @return PortAudio error code
+ */
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_PrimeOutputWithSilence( PaAsiHpiStream *stream )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsiHpiStreamComponent *out;
+    PaUtilZeroer *zeroer;
+    PaSampleFormat outputFormat;
+    assert( stream );
+    out = stream->output;
+    /* Only continue if stream has output channels */
+    if( !out )
+        return result;
+    assert( out->tempBuffer );
+
+    /* Clear all existing data in hardware playback buffer */
+    PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_OutStreamReset( NULL,
+                                           out->hpiStream ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    /* Fill temp buffer with silence */
+    outputFormat = PaAsiHpi_HpiToPaFormat( out->hpiFormat.wFormat );
+    zeroer = PaUtil_SelectZeroer( outputFormat );
+    zeroer(out->tempBuffer, 1, out->tempBufferSize / Pa_GetSampleSize(outputFormat) );
+    /* Write temp buffer to hardware fifo twice, to get started */
+    PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_OutStreamWriteBuf( NULL, out->hpiStream,
+                                              out->tempBuffer, out->tempBufferSize, &out->hpiFormat),
+                                              paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_OutStreamWriteBuf( NULL, out->hpiStream,
+                                              out->tempBuffer, out->tempBufferSize, &out->hpiFormat),
+                                              paUnanticipatedHostError );
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/** Start HPI streams (both input + output).
+ This starts all HPI streams in the PortAudio stream. Output streams are first primed with
+ silence, if required. After this call the PA stream is in the Active state.
+
+ @todo Implement priming via the user callback
+
+ @param stream Pointer to stream struct
+
+ @param outputPrimed True if output is already primed (if false, silence will be loaded before starting)
+
+ @return PortAudio error code
+ */
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_StartStream( PaAsiHpiStream *stream, int outputPrimed )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    if( stream->input )
+    {
+        PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_InStreamStart( NULL,
+                                              stream->input->hpiStream ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    }
+    if( stream->output )
+    {
+        if( !outputPrimed )
+        {
+            /* Buffer isn't primed, so load stream with silence */
+            PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_PrimeOutputWithSilence( stream ) );
+        }
+        PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_OutStreamStart( NULL,
+                                               stream->output->hpiStream ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    }
+    stream->state = paAsiHpiActiveState;
+    stream->callbackFinished = 0;
+
+    /* Report stream info for debugging purposes */
+    /*    PaAsiHpi_StreamDump( stream );   */
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/** Start PortAudio stream.
+ If the stream has a callback interface, this starts a helper thread to feed the user callback.
+ The thread will then take care of starting the HPI streams, and this function will block
+ until the streams actually start. In the case of a blocking interface, the HPI streams
+ are simply started.
+
+ @param s Pointer to PortAudio stream
+
+ @return PortAudio error code
+*/
+static PaError StartStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsiHpiStream *stream = (PaAsiHpiStream*)s;
+
+    assert( stream );
+
+    /* Ready the processor */
+    PaUtil_ResetBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+
+    if( stream->callbackMode )
+    {
+        /* Create and start callback engine thread */
+        /* Also waits 1 second for stream to be started by engine thread (otherwise aborts) */
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaUnixThread_New( &stream->thread, &CallbackThreadFunc, stream, 1., 0 /*rtSched*/ ) );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_StartStream( stream, 0 ) );
+    }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/** Stop HPI streams (input + output), either softly or abruptly.
+ If abort is false, the function blocks until the output stream is drained, otherwise it
+ stops immediately and discards data in the stream hardware buffers.
+
+ This function is safe to call from the callback engine thread as well as the main thread.
+
+ @param stream Pointer to stream struct
+
+ @param abort True if samples in output buffer should be discarded (otherwise blocks until stream is done)
+
+ @return PortAudio error code
+
+ */
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_StopStream( PaAsiHpiStream *stream, int abort )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    assert( stream );
+
+    /* Input channels */
+    if( stream->input )
+    {
+        PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_InStreamReset( NULL,
+                                              stream->input->hpiStream ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    }
+    /* Output channels */
+    if( stream->output )
+    {
+        if( !abort )
+        {
+            /* Wait until HPI output stream is drained */
+            while( 1 )
+            {
+                PaAsiHpiStreamInfo streamInfo;
+                PaTime timeLeft;
+
+                /* Obtain number of samples waiting to be played */
+                PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_GetStreamInfo( stream->output, &streamInfo ) );
+                /* Check if stream is drained */
+                if( (streamInfo.state != HPI_STATE_PLAYING) &&
+                        (streamInfo.dataSize < stream->output->bytesPerFrame * PA_ASIHPI_MIN_FRAMES_) )
+                    break;
+                /* Sleep amount of time represented by remaining samples */
+                timeLeft = 1000.0 * streamInfo.dataSize / stream->output->bytesPerFrame
+                           / stream->baseStreamRep.streamInfo.sampleRate;
+                Pa_Sleep( (long)ceil( timeLeft ) );
+            }
+        }
+        PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_OutStreamReset( NULL,
+                                               stream->output->hpiStream ), paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    }
+
+    /* Report stream info for debugging purposes */
+    /*    PaAsiHpi_StreamDump( stream ); */
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/** Stop or abort PortAudio stream.
+
+ This function is used to explicitly stop the PortAudio stream (via StopStream/AbortStream),
+ as opposed to the situation when the callback finishes with a result other than paContinue.
+ If a stream is in callback mode we will have to inspect whether the background thread has
+ finished, or we will have to take it out. In either case we join the thread before returning.
+ In blocking mode, we simply tell HPI to stop abruptly (abort) or finish buffers (drain).
+ The PortAudio stream will be in the Stopped state after a call to this function.
+
+ Don't call this from the callback engine thread!
+
+ @param stream Pointer to stream struct
+
+ @param abort True if samples in output buffer should be discarded (otherwise blocks until stream is done)
+
+ @return PortAudio error code
+*/
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_ExplicitStop( PaAsiHpiStream *stream, int abort )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    /* First deal with the callback thread, cancelling and/or joining it if necessary */
+    if( stream->callbackMode )
+    {
+        PaError threadRes;
+        stream->callbackAbort = abort;
+        if( abort )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(( "Aborting callback\n" ));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(( "Stopping callback\n" ));
+        }
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaUnixThread_Terminate( &stream->thread, !abort, &threadRes ) );
+        if( threadRes != paNoError )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(( "Callback thread returned: %d\n", threadRes ));
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_StopStream( stream, abort ) );
+    }
+
+    stream->state = paAsiHpiStoppedState;
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/** Stop PortAudio stream.
+ This blocks until the output buffers are drained.
+
+ @param s Pointer to PortAudio stream
+
+ @return PortAudio error code
+*/
+static PaError StopStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    return PaAsiHpi_ExplicitStop( (PaAsiHpiStream *) s, 0 );
+}
+
+
+/** Abort PortAudio stream.
+ This discards any existing data in output buffers and stops the stream immediately.
+
+ @param s Pointer to PortAudio stream
+
+ @return PortAudio error code
+*/
+static PaError AbortStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    return PaAsiHpi_ExplicitStop( (PaAsiHpiStream * ) s, 1 );
+}
+
+
+/** Determine whether the stream is stopped.
+ A stream is considered to be stopped prior to a successful call to StartStream and after
+ a successful call to StopStream or AbortStream. If a stream callback returns a value other
+ than paContinue the stream is NOT considered to be stopped (it is in CallbackFinished state).
+
+ @param s Pointer to PortAudio stream
+
+ @return Returns one (1) when the stream is stopped, zero (0) when the stream is running, or
+         a PaErrorCode (which are always negative) if PortAudio is not initialized or an
+         error is encountered.
+*/
+static PaError IsStreamStopped( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaAsiHpiStream *stream = (PaAsiHpiStream*)s;
+
+    assert( stream );
+    return stream->state == paAsiHpiStoppedState ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+
+/** Determine whether the stream is active.
+ A stream is active after a successful call to StartStream(), until it becomes inactive either
+ as a result of a call to StopStream() or AbortStream(), or as a result of a return value
+ other than paContinue from the stream callback. In the latter case, the stream is considered
+ inactive after the last buffer has finished playing.
+
+ @param s Pointer to PortAudio stream
+
+ @return Returns one (1) when the stream is active (i.e. playing or recording audio),
+         zero (0) when not playing, or a PaErrorCode (which are always negative)
+         if PortAudio is not initialized or an error is encountered.
+*/
+static PaError IsStreamActive( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaAsiHpiStream *stream = (PaAsiHpiStream*)s;
+
+    assert( stream );
+    return stream->state == paAsiHpiActiveState ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+
+/** Returns current stream time.
+ This corresponds to the system clock. The clock should run continuously while the stream
+ is open, i.e. between calls to OpenStream() and CloseStream(), therefore a frame counter
+ is not good enough.
+
+ @param s Pointer to PortAudio stream
+
+ @return Stream time, in seconds
+ */
+static PaTime GetStreamTime( PaStream *s )
+{
+    return PaUtil_GetTime();
+}
+
+
+/** Returns CPU load.
+
+ @param s Pointer to PortAudio stream
+
+ @return CPU load (0.0 if blocking interface is used)
+ */
+static double GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaAsiHpiStream *stream = (PaAsiHpiStream*)s;
+
+    return stream->callbackMode ? PaUtil_GetCpuLoad( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer ) : 0.0;
+}
+
+/* --------------------------- Callback Interface --------------------------- */
+
+/** Exit routine which is called when callback thread quits.
+ This takes care of stopping the HPI streams (either waiting for output to finish, or
+ abruptly). It also calls the user-supplied StreamFinished callback, and sets the
+ stream state to CallbackFinished if it was reached via a non-paContinue return from
+ the user callback function.
+
+ @param userData A pointer to an open stream previously created with Pa_OpenStream
+ */
+static void PaAsiHpi_OnThreadExit( void *userData )
+{
+    PaAsiHpiStream *stream = (PaAsiHpiStream *) userData;
+
+    assert( stream );
+
+    PaUtil_ResetCpuLoadMeasurer( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Stopping HPI streams\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+    PaAsiHpi_StopStream( stream, stream->callbackAbort );
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Stoppage\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+
+    /* Eventually notify user all buffers have played */
+    if( stream->baseStreamRep.streamFinishedCallback )
+    {
+        stream->baseStreamRep.streamFinishedCallback( stream->baseStreamRep.userData );
+    }
+
+    /* Unfortunately both explicit calls to Stop/AbortStream (leading to Stopped state)
+     and implicit stops via paComplete/paAbort (leading to CallbackFinished state)
+     end up here - need another flag to remind us which is the case */
+    if( stream->callbackFinished )
+        stream->state = paAsiHpiCallbackFinishedState;
+}
+
+
+/** Wait until there is enough frames to fill a host buffer.
+ The routine attempts to sleep until at least a full host buffer can be retrieved from the
+ input HPI stream and passed to the output HPI stream. It will first sleep until enough
+ output space is available, as this is usually easily achievable. If it is an output-only
+ stream, it will also sleep if the hardware buffer is too full, thereby throttling the
+ filling of the output buffer and reducing output latency. The routine then blocks until
+ enough input samples are available, unless this will cause an output underflow. In the
+ process, input overflows and output underflows are indicated.
+
+ @param stream Pointer to stream struct
+
+ @param framesAvail Returns the number of available frames
+
+ @param cbFlags Overflows and underflows indicated in here
+
+ @return PortAudio error code (only paUnanticipatedHostError expected)
+ */
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_WaitForFrames( PaAsiHpiStream *stream, unsigned long *framesAvail,
+                                       PaStreamCallbackFlags *cbFlags )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    double sampleRate;
+    unsigned long framesTarget;
+    uint32_t outputData = 0, outputSpace = 0, inputData = 0, framesLeft = 0;
+
+    assert( stream );
+    assert( stream->input || stream->output );
+
+    sampleRate = stream->baseStreamRep.streamInfo.sampleRate;
+    /* We have to come up with this much frames on both input and output */
+    framesTarget = stream->bufferProcessor.framesPerHostBuffer;
+    assert( framesTarget > 0 );
+
+    while( 1 )
+    {
+        PaAsiHpiStreamInfo info;
+        /* Check output first, as this takes priority in the default full-duplex mode */
+        if( stream->output )
+        {
+            PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_GetStreamInfo( stream->output, &info ) );
+            /* Wait until enough space is available in output buffer to receive a full block */
+            if( info.availableFrames < framesTarget )
+            {
+                framesLeft = framesTarget - info.availableFrames;
+                Pa_Sleep( (long)ceil( 1000 * framesLeft / sampleRate ) );
+                continue;
+            }
+            /* Wait until the data in hardware buffer has dropped to a sensible level.
+             Without this, the hardware buffer quickly fills up in the absence of an input
+             stream to regulate its data rate (if data generation is fast). This leads to
+             large latencies, as the AudioScience hardware buffers are humongous.
+             This is similar to the default "Hardware Buffering=off" option in the
+             AudioScience WAV driver. */
+            if( !stream->input && (stream->output->outputBufferCap > 0) &&
+                    ( info.totalBufferedData > stream->output->outputBufferCap / stream->output->bytesPerFrame ) )
+            {
+                framesLeft = info.totalBufferedData - stream->output->outputBufferCap / stream->output->bytesPerFrame;
+                Pa_Sleep( (long)ceil( 1000 * framesLeft / sampleRate ) );
+                continue;
+            }
+            outputData = info.totalBufferedData;
+            outputSpace = info.availableFrames;
+            /* Report output underflow to callback */
+            if( info.underflow )
+            {
+                *cbFlags |= paOutputUnderflow;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* Now check input side */
+        if( stream->input )
+        {
+            PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_GetStreamInfo( stream->input, &info ) );
+            /* If a full block of samples hasn't been recorded yet, wait for it if possible */
+            if( info.availableFrames < framesTarget )
+            {
+                framesLeft = framesTarget - info.availableFrames;
+                /* As long as output is not disrupted in the process, wait for a full
+                block of input samples */
+                if( !stream->output || (outputData > framesLeft) )
+                {
+                    Pa_Sleep( (long)ceil( 1000 * framesLeft / sampleRate ) );
+                    continue;
+                }
+            }
+            inputData = info.availableFrames;
+            /** @todo The paInputOverflow flag should be set in the callback containing the
+             first input sample following the overflow. That means the block currently sitting
+             at the fore-front of recording, i.e. typically the one containing the newest (last)
+             sample in the HPI buffer system. This is most likely not the same as the current
+             block of data being passed to the callback. The current overflow should ideally
+             be noted in an overflow list of sorts, with an indication of when it should be
+             reported. The trouble starts if there are several separate overflow incidents,
+             given a big input buffer. Oh well, something to try out later... */
+            if( info.overflow )
+            {
+                *cbFlags |= paInputOverflow;
+            }
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+    /* Full-duplex stream */
+    if( stream->input && stream->output )
+    {
+        if( outputSpace >= framesTarget )
+            *framesAvail = outputSpace;
+        /* If input didn't make the target, keep the output count instead (input underflow) */
+        if( (inputData >= framesTarget) && (inputData < outputSpace) )
+            *framesAvail = inputData;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        *framesAvail = stream->input ? inputData : outputSpace;
+    }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/** Obtain recording, current and playback timestamps of stream.
+ The current time is determined by the system clock. This "now" timestamp occurs at the
+ forefront of recording (and playback in the full-duplex case), which happens later than the
+ input timestamp by an amount equal to the total number of recorded frames in the input buffer.
+ The output timestamp indicates when the next generated sample will actually be played. This
+ happens after all the samples currently in the output buffer are played. The output timestamp
+ therefore follows the current timestamp by an amount equal to the number of frames yet to be
+ played back in the output buffer.
+
+ If the current timestamp is the present, the input timestamp is in the past and the output
+ timestamp is in the future.
+
+ @param stream Pointer to stream struct
+
+ @param timeInfo Pointer to timeInfo struct that will contain timestamps
+ */
+static void PaAsiHpi_CalculateTimeInfo( PaAsiHpiStream *stream, PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo *timeInfo )
+{
+    PaAsiHpiStreamInfo streamInfo;
+    double sampleRate;
+
+    assert( stream );
+    assert( timeInfo );
+    sampleRate = stream->baseStreamRep.streamInfo.sampleRate;
+
+    /* The current time ("now") is at the forefront of both recording and playback */
+    timeInfo->currentTime = GetStreamTime( (PaStream *)stream );
+    /* The last sample in the input buffer was recorded just now, so the first sample
+     happened (number of recorded samples)/sampleRate ago */
+    timeInfo->inputBufferAdcTime = timeInfo->currentTime;
+    if( stream->input )
+    {
+        PaAsiHpi_GetStreamInfo( stream->input, &streamInfo );
+        timeInfo->inputBufferAdcTime -= streamInfo.totalBufferedData / sampleRate;
+    }
+    /* The first of the outgoing samples will be played after all the samples in the output
+     buffer is done */
+    timeInfo->outputBufferDacTime = timeInfo->currentTime;
+    if( stream->output )
+    {
+        PaAsiHpi_GetStreamInfo( stream->output, &streamInfo );
+        timeInfo->outputBufferDacTime += streamInfo.totalBufferedData / sampleRate;
+    }
+}
+
+
+/** Read from HPI input stream and register buffers.
+ This reads data from the HPI input stream (if it exists) and registers the temp stream
+ buffers of both input and output streams with the buffer processor. In the process it also
+ handles input underflows in the full-duplex case.
+
+ @param stream Pointer to stream struct
+
+ @param numFrames On entrance the number of available frames, on exit the number of
+                  received frames
+
+ @param cbFlags Indicates overflows and underflows
+
+ @return PortAudio error code
+ */
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_BeginProcessing( PaAsiHpiStream *stream, unsigned long *numFrames,
+        PaStreamCallbackFlags *cbFlags )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    assert( stream );
+    if( *numFrames > stream->maxFramesPerHostBuffer )
+        *numFrames = stream->maxFramesPerHostBuffer;
+
+    if( stream->input )
+    {
+        PaAsiHpiStreamInfo info;
+
+        uint32_t framesToGet = *numFrames;
+
+        /* Check for overflows and underflows yet again */
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_GetStreamInfo( stream->input, &info ) );
+        if( info.overflow )
+        {
+            *cbFlags |= paInputOverflow;
+        }
+        /* Input underflow if less than expected number of samples pitch up */
+        if( framesToGet > info.availableFrames )
+        {
+            PaUtilZeroer *zeroer;
+            PaSampleFormat inputFormat;
+
+            /* Never call an input-only stream with InputUnderflow set */
+            if( stream->output )
+                *cbFlags |= paInputUnderflow;
+            framesToGet = info.availableFrames;
+            /* Fill temp buffer with silence (to make up for missing input samples) */
+            inputFormat = PaAsiHpi_HpiToPaFormat( stream->input->hpiFormat.wFormat );
+            zeroer = PaUtil_SelectZeroer( inputFormat );
+            zeroer(stream->input->tempBuffer, 1,
+                   stream->input->tempBufferSize / Pa_GetSampleSize(inputFormat) );
+        }
+
+        /* Read block of data into temp buffer */
+        PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_InStreamReadBuf( NULL,
+                                             stream->input->hpiStream,
+                                             stream->input->tempBuffer,
+                                             framesToGet * stream->input->bytesPerFrame),
+                           paUnanticipatedHostError );
+        /* Register temp buffer with buffer processor (always FULL buffer) */
+        PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( &stream->bufferProcessor, *numFrames );
+        /* HPI interface only allows interleaved channels */
+        PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels( &stream->bufferProcessor,
+                                            0, stream->input->tempBuffer,
+                                            stream->input->hpiFormat.wChannels );
+    }
+    if( stream->output )
+    {
+        /* Register temp buffer with buffer processor */
+        PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount( &stream->bufferProcessor, *numFrames );
+        /* HPI interface only allows interleaved channels */
+        PaUtil_SetInterleavedOutputChannels( &stream->bufferProcessor,
+                                             0, stream->output->tempBuffer,
+                                             stream->output->hpiFormat.wChannels );
+    }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/** Flush output buffers to HPI output stream.
+ This completes the processing cycle by writing the temp buffer to the HPI interface.
+ Additional output underflows are caught before data is written to the stream, as this
+ action typically remedies the underflow and hides it in the process.
+
+ @param stream Pointer to stream struct
+
+ @param numFrames The number of frames to write to the output stream
+
+ @param cbFlags Indicates overflows and underflows
+ */
+static PaError PaAsiHpi_EndProcessing( PaAsiHpiStream *stream, unsigned long numFrames,
+                                       PaStreamCallbackFlags *cbFlags )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    assert( stream );
+
+    if( stream->output )
+    {
+        PaAsiHpiStreamInfo info;
+        /* Check for underflows after the (potentially time-consuming) callback */
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_GetStreamInfo( stream->output, &info ) );
+        if( info.underflow )
+        {
+            *cbFlags |= paOutputUnderflow;
+        }
+
+        /* Write temp buffer to HPI stream */
+        PA_ASIHPI_UNLESS_( HPI_OutStreamWriteBuf( NULL,
+                                           stream->output->hpiStream,
+                                           stream->output->tempBuffer,
+                                           numFrames * stream->output->bytesPerFrame,
+                                           &stream->output->hpiFormat),
+                           paUnanticipatedHostError );
+    }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/** Main callback engine.
+ This function runs in a separate thread and does all the work of fetching audio data from
+ the AudioScience card via the HPI interface, feeding it to the user callback via the buffer
+ processor, and delivering the resulting output data back to the card via HPI calls.
+ It is started and terminated when the PortAudio stream is started and stopped, and starts
+ the HPI streams on startup.
+
+ @param userData A pointer to an open stream previously created with Pa_OpenStream.
+*/
+static void *CallbackThreadFunc( void *userData )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsiHpiStream *stream = (PaAsiHpiStream *) userData;
+    int callbackResult = paContinue;
+
+    assert( stream );
+
+    /* Cleanup routine stops streams on thread exit */
+    pthread_cleanup_push( &PaAsiHpi_OnThreadExit, stream );
+
+    /* Start HPI streams and notify parent when we're done */
+    PA_ENSURE_( PaUnixThread_PrepareNotify( &stream->thread ) );
+    /* Buffer will be primed with silence */
+    PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_StartStream( stream, 0 ) );
+    PA_ENSURE_( PaUnixThread_NotifyParent( &stream->thread ) );
+
+    /* MAIN LOOP */
+    while( 1 )
+    {
+        PaStreamCallbackFlags cbFlags = 0;
+        unsigned long framesAvail, framesGot;
+
+        pthread_testcancel();
+
+        /** @concern StreamStop if the main thread has requested a stop and the stream has not
+        * been effectively stopped we signal this condition by modifying callbackResult
+        * (we'll want to flush buffered output). */
+        if( PaUnixThread_StopRequested( &stream->thread ) && (callbackResult == paContinue) )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(( "Setting callbackResult to paComplete\n" ));
+            callbackResult = paComplete;
+        }
+
+        /* Start winding down thread if requested */
+        if( callbackResult != paContinue )
+        {
+            stream->callbackAbort = (callbackResult == paAbort);
+            if( stream->callbackAbort ||
+                    /** @concern BlockAdaption: Go on if adaption buffers are empty */
+                    PaUtil_IsBufferProcessorOutputEmpty( &stream->bufferProcessor ) )
+            {
+                goto end;
+            }
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Flushing buffer processor\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+            /* There is still buffered output that needs to be processed */
+        }
+
+        /* SLEEP */
+        /* Wait for data (or buffer space) to become available. This basically sleeps and
+        polls the HPI interface until a full block of frames can be moved. */
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_WaitForFrames( stream, &framesAvail, &cbFlags ) );
+
+        /* Consume buffer space. Once we have a number of frames available for consumption we
+        must retrieve the data from the HPI interface and pass it to the PA buffer processor.
+        We should be prepared to process several chunks successively. */
+        while( framesAvail > 0 )
+        {
+            PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo timeInfo = {0, 0, 0};
+
+            pthread_testcancel();
+
+            framesGot = framesAvail;
+            if( stream->bufferProcessor.hostBufferSizeMode == paUtilFixedHostBufferSize )
+            {
+                /* We've committed to a fixed host buffer size, stick to that */
+                framesGot = framesGot >= stream->maxFramesPerHostBuffer ? stream->maxFramesPerHostBuffer : 0;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                /* We've committed to an upper bound on the size of host buffers */
+                assert( stream->bufferProcessor.hostBufferSizeMode == paUtilBoundedHostBufferSize );
+                framesGot = PA_MIN( framesGot, stream->maxFramesPerHostBuffer );
+            }
+
+            /* Obtain buffer timestamps */
+            PaAsiHpi_CalculateTimeInfo( stream, &timeInfo );
+            PaUtil_BeginBufferProcessing( &stream->bufferProcessor, &timeInfo, cbFlags );
+            /* CPU load measurement should include processing activivity external to the stream callback */
+            PaUtil_BeginCpuLoadMeasurement( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+            if( framesGot > 0 )
+            {
+                /* READ FROM HPI INPUT STREAM */
+                PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_BeginProcessing( stream, &framesGot, &cbFlags ) );
+                /* Input overflow in a full-duplex stream makes for interesting times */
+                if( stream->input && stream->output && (cbFlags & paInputOverflow) )
+                {
+                    /* Special full-duplex paNeverDropInput mode */
+                    if( stream->neverDropInput )
+                    {
+                        PaUtil_SetNoOutput( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+                        cbFlags |= paOutputOverflow;
+                    }
+                }
+                /* CALL USER CALLBACK WITH INPUT DATA, AND OBTAIN OUTPUT DATA */
+                PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing( &stream->bufferProcessor, &callbackResult );
+                /* Clear overflow and underflow information (but PaAsiHpi_EndProcessing might
+                still show up output underflow that will carry over to next round) */
+                cbFlags = 0;
+                /*  WRITE TO HPI OUTPUT STREAM */
+                PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_EndProcessing( stream, framesGot, &cbFlags ) );
+                /* Advance frame counter */
+                framesAvail -= framesGot;
+            }
+            PaUtil_EndCpuLoadMeasurement( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer, framesGot );
+
+            if( framesGot == 0 )
+            {
+                /* Go back to polling for more frames */
+                break;
+
+            }
+            if( callbackResult != paContinue )
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* This code is unreachable, but important to include regardless because it
+     * is possibly a macro with a closing brace to match the opening brace in
+     * pthread_cleanup_push() above.  The documentation states that they must
+     * always occur in pairs. */
+    pthread_cleanup_pop( 1 );
+
+end:
+    /* Indicates normal exit of callback, as opposed to the thread getting killed explicitly */
+    stream->callbackFinished = 1;
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Thread %d exiting (callbackResult = %d)\n ",
+               __FUNCTION__, pthread_self(), callbackResult ));
+    /* Exit from thread and report any PortAudio error in the process */
+    PaUnixThreading_EXIT( result );
+error:
+    goto end;
+}
+
+/* --------------------------- Blocking Interface --------------------------- */
+
+/* As separate stream interfaces are used for blocking and callback streams, the following
+ functions can be guaranteed to only be called for blocking streams. */
+
+/** Read data from input stream.
+ This reads the indicated number of frames into the supplied buffer from an input stream,
+ and blocks until this is done.
+
+ @param s Pointer to PortAudio stream
+
+ @param buffer Pointer to buffer that will receive interleaved data (or an array of pointers
+               to a buffer for each non-interleaved channel)
+
+ @param frames Number of frames to read from stream
+
+ @return PortAudio error code (also indicates overflow via paInputOverflowed)
+ */
+static PaError ReadStream( PaStream *s,
+                           void *buffer,
+                           unsigned long frames )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsiHpiStream *stream = (PaAsiHpiStream*)s;
+    PaAsiHpiStreamInfo info;
+    void *userBuffer;
+
+    assert( stream );
+    PA_UNLESS_( stream->input, paCanNotReadFromAnOutputOnlyStream );
+
+    /* Check for input overflow since previous call to ReadStream */
+    PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_GetStreamInfo( stream->input, &info ) );
+    if( info.overflow )
+    {
+        result = paInputOverflowed;
+    }
+
+    /* NB Make copy of user buffer pointers, since they are advanced by buffer processor */
+    if( stream->bufferProcessor.userInputIsInterleaved )
+    {
+        userBuffer = buffer;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* Copy channels into local array */
+        userBuffer = stream->blockingUserBufferCopy;
+        memcpy( userBuffer, buffer, sizeof (void *) * stream->input->hpiFormat.wChannels );
+    }
+
+    while( frames > 0 )
+    {
+        unsigned long framesGot, framesAvail;
+        PaStreamCallbackFlags cbFlags = 0;
+
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_WaitForFrames( stream, &framesAvail, &cbFlags ) );
+        framesGot = PA_MIN( framesAvail, frames );
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_BeginProcessing( stream, &framesGot, &cbFlags ) );
+
+        if( framesGot > 0 )
+        {
+            framesGot = PaUtil_CopyInput( &stream->bufferProcessor, &userBuffer, framesGot );
+            PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_EndProcessing( stream, framesGot, &cbFlags ) );
+            /* Advance frame counter */
+            frames -= framesGot;
+        }
+    }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/** Write data to output stream.
+ This writes the indicated number of frames from the supplied buffer to an output stream,
+ and blocks until this is done.
+
+ @param s Pointer to PortAudio stream
+
+ @param buffer Pointer to buffer that provides interleaved data (or an array of pointers
+               to a buffer for each non-interleaved channel)
+
+ @param frames Number of frames to write to stream
+
+ @return PortAudio error code (also indicates underflow via paOutputUnderflowed)
+ */
+static PaError WriteStream( PaStream *s,
+                            const void *buffer,
+                            unsigned long frames )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsiHpiStream *stream = (PaAsiHpiStream*)s;
+    PaAsiHpiStreamInfo info;
+    const void *userBuffer;
+
+    assert( stream );
+    PA_UNLESS_( stream->output, paCanNotWriteToAnInputOnlyStream );
+
+    /* Check for output underflow since previous call to WriteStream */
+    PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_GetStreamInfo( stream->output, &info ) );
+    if( info.underflow )
+    {
+        result = paOutputUnderflowed;
+    }
+
+    /* NB Make copy of user buffer pointers, since they are advanced by buffer processor */
+    if( stream->bufferProcessor.userOutputIsInterleaved )
+    {
+        userBuffer = buffer;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* Copy channels into local array */
+        userBuffer = stream->blockingUserBufferCopy;
+        memcpy( (void *)userBuffer, buffer, sizeof (void *) * stream->output->hpiFormat.wChannels );
+    }
+
+    while( frames > 0 )
+    {
+        unsigned long framesGot, framesAvail;
+        PaStreamCallbackFlags cbFlags = 0;
+
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_WaitForFrames( stream, &framesAvail, &cbFlags ) );
+        framesGot = PA_MIN( framesAvail, frames );
+        PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_BeginProcessing( stream, &framesGot, &cbFlags ) );
+
+        if( framesGot > 0 )
+        {
+            framesGot = PaUtil_CopyOutput( &stream->bufferProcessor, &userBuffer, framesGot );
+            PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_EndProcessing( stream, framesGot, &cbFlags ) );
+            /* Advance frame counter */
+            frames -= framesGot;
+        }
+    }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/** Number of frames that can be read from input stream without blocking.
+
+ @param s Pointer to PortAudio stream
+
+ @return Number of frames, or PortAudio error code
+ */
+static signed long GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsiHpiStream *stream = (PaAsiHpiStream*)s;
+    PaAsiHpiStreamInfo info;
+
+    assert( stream );
+    PA_UNLESS_( stream->input, paCanNotReadFromAnOutputOnlyStream );
+
+    PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_GetStreamInfo( stream->input, &info ) );
+    /* Round down to the nearest host buffer multiple */
+    result = (info.availableFrames / stream->maxFramesPerHostBuffer) * stream->maxFramesPerHostBuffer;
+    if( info.overflow )
+    {
+        result = paInputOverflowed;
+    }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/** Number of frames that can be written to output stream without blocking.
+
+ @param s Pointer to PortAudio stream
+
+ @return Number of frames, or PortAudio error code
+ */
+static signed long GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsiHpiStream *stream = (PaAsiHpiStream*)s;
+    PaAsiHpiStreamInfo info;
+
+    assert( stream );
+    PA_UNLESS_( stream->output, paCanNotWriteToAnInputOnlyStream );
+
+    PA_ENSURE_( PaAsiHpi_GetStreamInfo( stream->output, &info ) );
+    /* Round down to the nearest host buffer multiple */
+    result = (info.availableFrames / stream->maxFramesPerHostBuffer) * stream->maxFramesPerHostBuffer;
+    if( info.underflow )
+    {
+        result = paOutputUnderflowed;
+    }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asio.cpp b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asio.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f0a2f7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asio.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+/*
+	Steinberg Audio Stream I/O API
+	(c) 1996 - 2019, Steinberg Soft- und Hardware GmbH
+
+	asio.cpp
+	
+	asio functions entries which translate the
+	asio interface to the asiodrvr class methods
+*/ 
+	
+#include <string.h>
+#include "asiosys.h"		// platform definition
+#include "asio.h"
+
+#if MAC
+#include "asiodrvr.h"
+
+#pragma export on
+
+AsioDriver *theAsioDriver = 0;
+
+extern "C"
+{
+
+long main()
+{
+	return 'ASIO';
+}
+
+#elif WINDOWS
+
+#include "windows.h"
+#include "iasiodrv.h"
+#include "asiodrivers.h"
+
+IASIO *theAsioDriver = 0;
+extern AsioDrivers *asioDrivers;
+
+#elif SGI || SUN || BEOS || LINUX
+#include "asiodrvr.h"
+static AsioDriver *theAsioDriver = 0;
+#endif
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ASIOError ASIOInit(ASIODriverInfo *info)
+{
+#if MAC || SGI || SUN || BEOS || LINUX
+	if(theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		delete theAsioDriver;
+		theAsioDriver = 0;
+	}		
+	info->driverVersion = 0;
+	strcpy(info->name, "No ASIO Driver");
+	theAsioDriver = getDriver();
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		strcpy(info->errorMessage, "Not enough memory for the ASIO driver!"); 
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	if(!theAsioDriver->init(info->sysRef))
+	{
+		theAsioDriver->getErrorMessage(info->errorMessage);
+		delete theAsioDriver;
+		theAsioDriver = 0;
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	strcpy(info->errorMessage, "No ASIO Driver Error");
+	theAsioDriver->getDriverName(info->name);
+	info->driverVersion = theAsioDriver->getDriverVersion();
+	return ASE_OK;
+
+#else
+
+	info->driverVersion = 0;
+	strcpy(info->name, "No ASIO Driver");
+	if(theAsioDriver)	// must be loaded!
+	{
+		if(!theAsioDriver->init(info->sysRef))
+		{
+			theAsioDriver->getErrorMessage(info->errorMessage);
+			theAsioDriver = 0;
+			return ASE_NotPresent;
+		}
+
+		strcpy(info->errorMessage, "No ASIO Driver Error");
+		theAsioDriver->getDriverName(info->name);
+		info->driverVersion = theAsioDriver->getDriverVersion();
+		return ASE_OK;
+	}
+	return ASE_NotPresent;
+
+#endif	// !MAC
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOExit(void)
+{
+	if(theAsioDriver)
+	{
+#if WINDOWS
+		asioDrivers->removeCurrentDriver();
+#else
+		delete theAsioDriver;
+#endif
+	}		
+	theAsioDriver = 0;
+	return ASE_OK;
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOStart(void)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->start();
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOStop(void)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->stop();
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetChannels(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		*numInputChannels = *numOutputChannels = 0;
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	return theAsioDriver->getChannels(numInputChannels, numOutputChannels);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetLatencies(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		*inputLatency = *outputLatency = 0;
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	return theAsioDriver->getLatencies(inputLatency, outputLatency);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetBufferSize(long *minSize, long *maxSize, long *preferredSize, long *granularity)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		*minSize = *maxSize = *preferredSize = *granularity = 0;
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	return theAsioDriver->getBufferSize(minSize, maxSize, preferredSize, granularity);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOCanSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->canSampleRate(sampleRate);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate *currentRate)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->getSampleRate(currentRate);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOSetSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->setSampleRate(sampleRate);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetClockSources(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		*numSources = 0;
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	return theAsioDriver->getClockSources(clocks, numSources);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOSetClockSource(long reference)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->setClockSource(reference);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetSamplePosition(ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->getSamplePosition(sPos, tStamp);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetChannelInfo(ASIOChannelInfo *info)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		info->channelGroup = -1;
+		info->type = ASIOSTInt16MSB;
+		strcpy(info->name, "None");
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	return theAsioDriver->getChannelInfo(info);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOCreateBuffers(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos, long numChannels,
+	long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		ASIOBufferInfo *info = bufferInfos;
+		for(long i = 0; i < numChannels; i++, info++)
+			info->buffers[0] = info->buffers[1] = 0;
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	return theAsioDriver->createBuffers(bufferInfos, numChannels, bufferSize, callbacks);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIODisposeBuffers(void)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->disposeBuffers();
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOControlPanel(void)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->controlPanel();
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOFuture(long selector, void *opt)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->future(selector, opt);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOOutputReady(void)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->outputReady();
+}
+
+#if MAC
+}	// extern "C"
+#pragma export off
+#endif
+
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asio.h b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asio.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5760f49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asio.h
@@ -0,0 +1,1070 @@
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/*
+	Steinberg Audio Stream I/O API
+	(c) 1997 - 2019, Steinberg Media Technologies GmbH
+
+	ASIO Interface Specification v 2.3
+
+	2005 - Added support for DSD sample data (in cooperation with Sony)
+	2012 - Added support for drop out detection
+		
+	
+
+	basic concept is an i/o synchronous double-buffer scheme:
+	
+	on bufferSwitch(index == 0), host will read/write:
+
+		after ASIOStart(), the
+  read  first input buffer A (index 0)
+	|   will be invalid (empty)
+	*   ------------------------
+	|------------------------|-----------------------|
+	|                        |                       |
+	|  Input Buffer A (0)    |   Input Buffer B (1)  |
+	|                        |                       |
+	|------------------------|-----------------------|
+	|                        |                       |
+	|  Output Buffer A (0)   |   Output Buffer B (1) |
+	|                        |                       |
+	|------------------------|-----------------------|
+	*                        -------------------------
+	|                        before calling ASIOStart(),
+  write                      host will have filled output
+                             buffer B (index 1) already
+
+  *please* take special care of proper statement of input
+  and output latencies (see ASIOGetLatencies()), these
+  control sequencer sync accuracy
+
+*/
+
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/*
+
+prototypes summary:
+
+ASIOError ASIOInit(ASIODriverInfo *info);
+ASIOError ASIOExit(void);
+ASIOError ASIOStart(void);
+ASIOError ASIOStop(void);
+ASIOError ASIOGetChannels(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels);
+ASIOError ASIOGetLatencies(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency);
+ASIOError ASIOGetBufferSize(long *minSize, long *maxSize, long *preferredSize, long *granularity);
+ASIOError ASIOCanSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate);
+ASIOError ASIOGetSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate *currentRate);
+ASIOError ASIOSetSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate);
+ASIOError ASIOGetClockSources(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources);
+ASIOError ASIOSetClockSource(long reference);
+ASIOError ASIOGetSamplePosition (ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp);
+ASIOError ASIOGetChannelInfo(ASIOChannelInfo *info);
+ASIOError ASIOCreateBuffers(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos, long numChannels,
+	long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks);
+ASIOError ASIODisposeBuffers(void);
+ASIOError ASIOControlPanel(void);
+void *ASIOFuture(long selector, void *params);
+ASIOError ASIOOutputReady(void);
+
+*/
+
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef __ASIO_H
+#define __ASIO_H
+
+// force 4 byte alignment
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__MWERKS__) 
+#pragma pack(push,4)
+#elif PRAGMA_ALIGN_SUPPORTED
+#pragma options align = native
+#endif
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// Type definitions
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+// number of samples data type is 64 bit integer
+#if NATIVE_INT64
+	typedef long long int ASIOSamples;
+#else
+	typedef struct ASIOSamples {
+		unsigned long hi;
+		unsigned long lo;
+	} ASIOSamples;
+#endif
+
+// Timestamp data type is 64 bit integer,
+// Time format is Nanoseconds.
+#if NATIVE_INT64
+	typedef long long int ASIOTimeStamp ;
+#else
+	typedef struct ASIOTimeStamp {
+		unsigned long hi;
+		unsigned long lo;
+	} ASIOTimeStamp;
+#endif
+
+// Samplerates are expressed in IEEE 754 64 bit double float,
+// native format as host computer
+#if IEEE754_64FLOAT
+	typedef double ASIOSampleRate;
+#else
+	typedef struct ASIOSampleRate {
+		char ieee[8];
+	} ASIOSampleRate;
+#endif
+
+// Boolean values are expressed as long
+typedef long ASIOBool;
+enum {
+	ASIOFalse = 0,
+	ASIOTrue = 1
+};
+
+// Sample Types are expressed as long
+typedef long ASIOSampleType;
+enum {
+	ASIOSTInt16MSB   = 0,
+	ASIOSTInt24MSB   = 1,		// used for 20 bits as well
+	ASIOSTInt32MSB   = 2,
+	ASIOSTFloat32MSB = 3,		// IEEE 754 32 bit float
+	ASIOSTFloat64MSB = 4,		// IEEE 754 64 bit double float
+
+	// these are used for 32 bit data buffer, with different alignment of the data inside
+	// 32 bit PCI bus systems can be more easily used with these
+	ASIOSTInt32MSB16 = 8,		// 32 bit data with 16 bit alignment
+	ASIOSTInt32MSB18 = 9,		// 32 bit data with 18 bit alignment
+	ASIOSTInt32MSB20 = 10,		// 32 bit data with 20 bit alignment
+	ASIOSTInt32MSB24 = 11,		// 32 bit data with 24 bit alignment
+	
+	ASIOSTInt16LSB   = 16,
+	ASIOSTInt24LSB   = 17,		// used for 20 bits as well
+	ASIOSTInt32LSB   = 18,
+	ASIOSTFloat32LSB = 19,		// IEEE 754 32 bit float, as found on Intel x86 architecture
+	ASIOSTFloat64LSB = 20, 		// IEEE 754 64 bit double float, as found on Intel x86 architecture
+
+	// these are used for 32 bit data buffer, with different alignment of the data inside
+	// 32 bit PCI bus systems can more easily used with these
+	ASIOSTInt32LSB16 = 24,		// 32 bit data with 18 bit alignment
+	ASIOSTInt32LSB18 = 25,		// 32 bit data with 18 bit alignment
+	ASIOSTInt32LSB20 = 26,		// 32 bit data with 20 bit alignment
+	ASIOSTInt32LSB24 = 27,		// 32 bit data with 24 bit alignment
+
+	//	ASIO DSD format.
+	ASIOSTDSDInt8LSB1   = 32,		// DSD 1 bit data, 8 samples per byte. First sample in Least significant bit.
+	ASIOSTDSDInt8MSB1   = 33,		// DSD 1 bit data, 8 samples per byte. First sample in Most significant bit.
+	ASIOSTDSDInt8NER8	= 40,		// DSD 8 bit data, 1 sample per byte. No Endianness required.
+
+	ASIOSTLastEntry
+};
+
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// DSD operation and buffer layout
+// Definition by Steinberg/Sony Oxford.
+//
+// We have tried to treat DSD as PCM and so keep a consistant structure across
+// the ASIO interface.
+//
+// DSD's sample rate is normally referenced as a multiple of 44.1Khz, so
+// the standard sample rate is refered to as 64Fs (or 2.8224Mhz). We looked
+// at making a special case for DSD and adding a field to the ASIOFuture that
+// would allow the user to select the Over Sampleing Rate (OSR) as a seperate
+// entity but decided in the end just to treat it as a simple value of
+// 2.8224Mhz and use the standard interface to set it.
+//
+// The second problem was the "word" size, in PCM the word size is always a
+// greater than or equal to 8 bits (a byte). This makes life easy as we can
+// then pack the samples into the "natural" size for the machine.
+// In DSD the "word" size is 1 bit. This is not a major problem and can easily
+// be dealt with if we ensure that we always deal with a multiple of 8 samples.
+//
+// DSD brings with it another twist to the Endianness religion. How are the
+// samples packed into the byte. It would be nice to just say the most significant
+// bit is always the first sample, however there would then be a performance hit
+// on little endian machines. Looking at how some of the processing goes...
+// Little endian machines like the first sample to be in the Least Significant Bit,
+//   this is because when you write it to memory the data is in the correct format
+//   to be shifted in and out of the words.
+// Big endian machine prefer the first sample to be in the Most Significant Bit,
+//   again for the same reasion.
+//
+// And just when things were looking really muddy there is a proposed extension to
+// DSD that uses 8 bit word sizes. It does not care what endianness you use.
+//
+// Switching the driver between DSD and PCM mode
+// ASIOFuture allows for extending the ASIO API quite transparently.
+// See kAsioSetIoFormat, kAsioGetIoFormat, kAsioCanDoIoFormat
+//
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// Error codes
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+typedef long ASIOError;
+enum {
+	ASE_OK = 0,             // This value will be returned whenever the call succeeded
+	ASE_SUCCESS = 0x3f4847a0,	// unique success return value for ASIOFuture calls
+	ASE_NotPresent = -1000, // hardware input or output is not present or available
+	ASE_HWMalfunction,      // hardware is malfunctioning (can be returned by any ASIO function)
+	ASE_InvalidParameter,   // input parameter invalid
+	ASE_InvalidMode,        // hardware is in a bad mode or used in a bad mode
+	ASE_SPNotAdvancing,     // hardware is not running when sample position is inquired
+	ASE_NoClock,            // sample clock or rate cannot be determined or is not present
+	ASE_NoMemory            // not enough memory for completing the request
+};
+
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// Time Info support
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+typedef struct ASIOTimeCode
+{       
+	double          speed;                  // speed relation (fraction of nominal speed)
+	                                        // optional; set to 0. or 1. if not supported
+	ASIOSamples     timeCodeSamples;        // time in samples
+	unsigned long   flags;                  // some information flags (see below)
+	char future[64];
+} ASIOTimeCode;
+
+typedef enum ASIOTimeCodeFlags
+{
+	kTcValid                = 1,
+	kTcRunning              = 1 << 1,
+	kTcReverse              = 1 << 2,
+	kTcOnspeed              = 1 << 3,
+	kTcStill                = 1 << 4,
+	
+	kTcSpeedValid           = 1 << 8
+}  ASIOTimeCodeFlags;
+
+typedef struct AsioTimeInfo
+{
+	double          speed;                  // absolute speed (1. = nominal)
+	ASIOTimeStamp   systemTime;             // system time related to samplePosition, in nanoseconds
+	                                        // on mac, must be derived from Microseconds() (not UpTime()!)
+	                                        // on windows, must be derived from timeGetTime()
+	ASIOSamples     samplePosition;
+	ASIOSampleRate  sampleRate;             // current rate
+	unsigned long flags;                    // (see below)
+	char reserved[12];
+} AsioTimeInfo;
+
+typedef enum AsioTimeInfoFlags
+{
+	kSystemTimeValid        = 1,            // must always be valid
+	kSamplePositionValid    = 1 << 1,       // must always be valid
+	kSampleRateValid        = 1 << 2,
+	kSpeedValid             = 1 << 3,
+	
+	kSampleRateChanged      = 1 << 4,
+	kClockSourceChanged     = 1 << 5
+} AsioTimeInfoFlags;
+
+typedef struct ASIOTime                          // both input/output
+{
+	long reserved[4];                       // must be 0
+	struct AsioTimeInfo     timeInfo;       // required
+	struct ASIOTimeCode     timeCode;       // optional, evaluated if (timeCode.flags & kTcValid)
+} ASIOTime;
+
+/*
+
+using time info:
+it is recommended to use the new method with time info even if the asio
+device does not support timecode; continuous calls to ASIOGetSamplePosition
+and ASIOGetSampleRate are avoided, and there is a more defined relationship
+between callback time and the time info.
+
+see the example below.
+to initiate time info mode, after you have received the callbacks pointer in
+ASIOCreateBuffers, you will call the asioMessage callback with kAsioSupportsTimeInfo
+as the argument. if this returns 1, host has accepted time info mode.
+now host expects the new callback bufferSwitchTimeInfo to be used instead
+of the old bufferSwitch method. the ASIOTime structure is assumed to be valid
+and accessible until the callback returns.
+
+using time code:
+if the device supports reading time code, it will call host's asioMessage callback
+with kAsioSupportsTimeCode as the selector. it may then fill the according
+fields and set the kTcValid flag.
+host will call the future method with the kAsioEnableTimeCodeRead selector when
+it wants to enable or disable tc reading by the device. you should also support
+the kAsioCanTimeInfo and kAsioCanTimeCode selectors in ASIOFuture (see example).
+
+note:
+the AsioTimeInfo/ASIOTimeCode pair is supposed to work in both directions.
+as a matter of convention, the relationship between the sample
+position counter and the time code at buffer switch time is
+(ignoring offset between tc and sample pos when tc is running):
+
+on input:	sample 0 -> input  buffer sample 0 -> time code 0
+on output:	sample 0 -> output buffer sample 0 -> time code 0
+
+this means that for 'real' calculations, one has to take into account
+the according latencies.
+
+example:
+
+ASIOTime asioTime;
+
+in createBuffers()
+{
+	memset(&asioTime, 0, sizeof(ASIOTime));
+	AsioTimeInfo* ti = &asioTime.timeInfo;
+	ti->sampleRate = theSampleRate;
+	ASIOTimeCode* tc = &asioTime.timeCode;
+	tc->speed = 1.;
+	timeInfoMode = false;
+	canTimeCode = false;
+	if(callbacks->asioMessage(kAsioSupportsTimeInfo, 0, 0, 0) == 1)
+	{
+		timeInfoMode = true;
+#if kCanTimeCode
+		if(callbacks->asioMessage(kAsioSupportsTimeCode, 0, 0, 0) == 1)
+			canTimeCode = true;
+#endif
+	}
+}
+
+void switchBuffers(long doubleBufferIndex, bool processNow)
+{
+	if(timeInfoMode)
+	{
+		AsioTimeInfo* ti = &asioTime.timeInfo;
+		ti->flags =	kSystemTimeValid | kSamplePositionValid | kSampleRateValid;
+		ti->systemTime = theNanoSeconds;
+		ti->samplePosition = theSamplePosition;
+		if(ti->sampleRate != theSampleRate)
+			ti->flags |= kSampleRateChanged;
+		ti->sampleRate = theSampleRate;
+
+#if kCanTimeCode
+		if(canTimeCode && timeCodeEnabled)
+		{
+			ASIOTimeCode* tc = &asioTime.timeCode;
+			tc->timeCodeSamples = tcSamples;						// tc in samples
+			tc->flags = kTcValid | kTcRunning | kTcOnspeed;			// if so...
+		}
+		ASIOTime* bb = callbacks->bufferSwitchTimeInfo(&asioTime, doubleBufferIndex, processNow ? ASIOTrue : ASIOFalse);
+#else
+		callbacks->bufferSwitchTimeInfo(&asioTime, doubleBufferIndex, processNow ? ASIOTrue : ASIOFalse);
+#endif
+	}
+	else
+		callbacks->bufferSwitch(doubleBufferIndex, ASIOFalse);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOFuture(long selector, void *params)
+{
+	switch(selector)
+	{
+		case kAsioEnableTimeCodeRead:
+			timeCodeEnabled = true;
+			return ASE_SUCCESS;
+		case kAsioDisableTimeCodeRead:
+			timeCodeEnabled = false;
+			return ASE_SUCCESS;
+		case kAsioCanTimeInfo:
+			return ASE_SUCCESS;
+		#if kCanTimeCode
+		case kAsioCanTimeCode:
+			return ASE_SUCCESS;
+		#endif
+	}
+	return ASE_NotPresent;
+};
+
+*/
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// application's audio stream handler callbacks
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+typedef struct ASIOCallbacks
+{
+	void (*bufferSwitch) (long doubleBufferIndex, ASIOBool directProcess);
+		// bufferSwitch indicates that both input and output are to be processed.
+		// the current buffer half index (0 for A, 1 for B) determines
+		// - the output buffer that the host should start to fill. the other buffer
+		//   will be passed to output hardware regardless of whether it got filled
+		//   in time or not.
+		// - the input buffer that is now filled with incoming data. Note that
+		//   because of the synchronicity of i/o, the input always has at
+		//   least one buffer latency in relation to the output.
+		// directProcess suggests to the host whether it should immedeately
+		// start processing (directProcess == ASIOTrue), or whether its process
+		// should be deferred because the call comes from a very low level
+		// (for instance, a high level priority interrupt), and direct processing
+		// would cause timing instabilities for the rest of the system. If in doubt,
+		// directProcess should be set to ASIOFalse.
+		// Note: bufferSwitch may be called at interrupt time for highest efficiency.
+
+	void (*sampleRateDidChange) (ASIOSampleRate sRate);
+		// gets called when the AudioStreamIO detects a sample rate change
+		// If sample rate is unknown, 0 is passed (for instance, clock loss
+		// when externally synchronized).
+
+	long (*asioMessage) (long selector, long value, void* message, double* opt);
+		// generic callback for various purposes, see selectors below.
+		// note this is only present if the asio version is 2 or higher
+
+	ASIOTime* (*bufferSwitchTimeInfo) (ASIOTime* params, long doubleBufferIndex, ASIOBool directProcess);
+		// new callback with time info. makes ASIOGetSamplePosition() and various
+		// calls to ASIOGetSampleRate obsolete,
+		// and allows for timecode sync etc. to be preferred; will be used if
+		// the driver calls asioMessage with selector kAsioSupportsTimeInfo.
+} ASIOCallbacks;
+
+// asioMessage selectors
+enum
+{
+	kAsioSelectorSupported = 1,	// selector in <value>, returns 1L if supported,
+								// 0 otherwise
+    kAsioEngineVersion,			// returns engine (host) asio implementation version,
+								// 2 or higher
+	kAsioResetRequest,			// request driver reset. if accepted, this
+								// will close the driver (ASIO_Exit() ) and
+								// re-open it again (ASIO_Init() etc). some
+								// drivers need to reconfigure for instance
+								// when the sample rate changes, or some basic
+								// changes have been made in ASIO_ControlPanel().
+								// returns 1L; note the request is merely passed
+								// to the application, there is no way to determine
+								// if it gets accepted at this time (but it usually
+								// will be).
+	kAsioBufferSizeChange,		// not yet supported, will currently always return 0L.
+								// for now, use kAsioResetRequest instead.
+								// once implemented, the new buffer size is expected
+								// in <value>, and on success returns 1L
+	kAsioResyncRequest,			// the driver went out of sync, such that
+								// the timestamp is no longer valid. this
+								// is a request to re-start the engine and
+								// slave devices (sequencer). returns 1 for ok,
+								// 0 if not supported.
+	kAsioLatenciesChanged, 		// the drivers latencies have changed. The engine
+								// will refetch the latencies.
+	kAsioSupportsTimeInfo,		// if host returns true here, it will expect the
+								// callback bufferSwitchTimeInfo to be called instead
+								// of bufferSwitch
+	kAsioSupportsTimeCode,		// 
+	kAsioMMCCommand,			// unused - value: number of commands, message points to mmc commands
+	kAsioSupportsInputMonitor,	// kAsioSupportsXXX return 1 if host supports this
+	kAsioSupportsInputGain,     // unused and undefined
+	kAsioSupportsInputMeter,    // unused and undefined
+	kAsioSupportsOutputGain,    // unused and undefined
+	kAsioSupportsOutputMeter,   // unused and undefined
+	kAsioOverload,              // driver detected an overload
+
+	kAsioNumMessageSelectors
+};
+
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// (De-)Construction
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+typedef struct ASIODriverInfo
+{
+	long asioVersion;		// currently, 2
+	long driverVersion;		// driver specific
+	char name[32];
+	char errorMessage[124];
+	void *sysRef;			// on input: system reference
+							// (Windows: application main window handle, Mac & SGI: 0)
+} ASIODriverInfo;
+
+ASIOError ASIOInit(ASIODriverInfo *info);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Initialize the AudioStreamIO.
+	Parameter:
+	  info: pointer to an ASIODriver structure:
+	    - asioVersion:
+			- on input, the host version. *** Note *** this is 0 for earlier asio
+			implementations, and the asioMessage callback is implemeted
+			only if asioVersion is 2 or greater. sorry but due to a design fault
+			the driver doesn't have access to the host version in ASIOInit :-(
+			added selector for host (engine) version in the asioMessage callback
+			so we're ok from now on.
+			- on return, asio implementation version.
+			  older versions are 1
+			  if you support this version (namely, ASIO_outputReady() )
+			  this should be 2 or higher. also see the note in
+			  ASIO_getTimeStamp() !
+	    - version: on return, the driver version (format is driver specific)
+	    - name: on return, a null-terminated string containing the driver's name
+		- error message: on return, should contain a user message describing
+		  the type of error that occured during ASIOInit(), if any.
+		- sysRef: platform specific
+	Returns:
+	  If neither input nor output is present ASE_NotPresent
+	  will be returned.
+	  ASE_NoMemory, ASE_HWMalfunction are other possible error conditions
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOExit(void);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Terminates the AudioStreamIO.
+	Parameter:
+	  None.
+	Returns:
+	  If neither input nor output is present ASE_NotPresent
+	  will be returned.
+	Notes: this implies ASIOStop() and ASIODisposeBuffers(),
+	  meaning that no host callbacks must be accessed after ASIOExit().
+*/
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// Start/Stop
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+ASIOError ASIOStart(void);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Start input and output processing synchronously.
+	  This will
+	  - reset the sample counter to zero
+	  - start the hardware (both input and output)
+	    The first call to the hosts' bufferSwitch(index == 0) then tells
+	    the host to read from input buffer A (index 0), and start
+	    processing to output buffer A while output buffer B (which
+	    has been filled by the host prior to calling ASIOStart())
+	    is possibly sounding (see also ASIOGetLatencies()) 
+	Parameter:
+	  None.
+	Returns:
+	  If neither input nor output is present, ASE_NotPresent
+	  will be returned.
+	  If the hardware fails to start, ASE_HWMalfunction will be returned.
+	Notes:
+	  There is no restriction on the time that ASIOStart() takes
+	  to perform (that is, it is not considered a realtime trigger).
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOStop(void);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Stops input and output processing altogether.
+	Parameter:
+	  None.
+	Returns:
+	  If neither input nor output is present ASE_NotPresent
+	  will be returned.
+	Notes:
+	  On return from ASIOStop(), the driver must in no
+	  case call the hosts' bufferSwitch() routine.
+*/
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// Inquiry methods and sample rate
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetChannels(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Returns number of individual input/output channels.
+	Parameter:
+	  numInputChannels will hold the number of available input channels
+	  numOutputChannels will hold the number of available output channels
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	  If only inputs, or only outputs are available, the according
+	  other parameter will be zero, and ASE_OK is returned.
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetLatencies(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Returns the input and output latencies. This includes
+	  device specific delays, like FIFOs etc.
+	Parameter:
+	  inputLatency will hold the 'age' of the first sample frame
+	  in the input buffer when the hosts reads it in bufferSwitch()
+	  (this is theoretical, meaning it does not include the overhead
+	  and delay between the actual physical switch, and the time
+	  when bufferSitch() enters).
+	  This will usually be the size of one block in sample frames, plus
+	  device specific latencies.
+
+	  outputLatency will specify the time between the buffer switch,
+	  and the time when the next play buffer will start to sound.
+	  The next play buffer is defined as the one the host starts
+	  processing after (or at) bufferSwitch(), indicated by the
+	  index parameter (0 for buffer A, 1 for buffer B).
+	  It will usually be either one block, if the host writes directly
+	  to a dma buffer, or two or more blocks if the buffer is 'latched' by
+	  the driver. As an example, on ASIOStart(), the host will have filled
+	  the play buffer at index 1 already; when it gets the callback (with
+	  the parameter index == 0), this tells it to read from the input
+	  buffer 0, and start to fill the play buffer 0 (assuming that now
+	  play buffer 1 is already sounding). In this case, the output
+	  latency is one block. If the driver decides to copy buffer 1
+	  at that time, and pass it to the hardware at the next slot (which
+	  is most commonly done, but should be avoided), the output latency
+	  becomes two blocks instead, resulting in a total i/o latency of at least
+	  3 blocks. As memory access is the main bottleneck in native dsp processing,
+	  and to acheive less latency, it is highly recommended to try to avoid
+	  copying (this is also why the driver is the owner of the buffers). To
+	  summarize, the minimum i/o latency can be acheived if the input buffer
+	  is processed by the host into the output buffer which will physically
+	  start to sound on the next time slice. Also note that the host expects
+	  the bufferSwitch() callback to be accessed for each time slice in order
+	  to retain sync, possibly recursively; if it fails to process a block in
+	  time, it will suspend its operation for some time in order to recover.
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetBufferSize(long *minSize, long *maxSize, long *preferredSize, long *granularity);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Returns min, max, and preferred buffer sizes for input/output
+	Parameter:
+	  minSize will hold the minimum buffer size
+	  maxSize will hold the maxium possible buffer size
+	  preferredSize will hold the preferred buffer size (a size which
+	  best fits performance and hardware requirements)
+	  granularity will hold the granularity at which buffer sizes
+	  may differ. Usually, the buffer size will be a power of 2;
+	  in this case, granularity will hold -1 on return, signalling
+	  possible buffer sizes starting from minSize, increased in
+	  powers of 2 up to maxSize.
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	Notes:
+	  When minimum and maximum buffer size are equal,
+	  the preferred buffer size has to be the same value as well; granularity
+	  should be 0 in this case.
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOCanSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Inquires the hardware for the available sample rates.
+	Parameter:
+	  sampleRate is the rate in question.
+	Returns:
+	  If the inquired sample rate is not supported, ASE_NoClock will be returned.
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+*/
+ASIOError ASIOGetSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate *currentRate);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Get the current sample Rate.
+	Parameter:
+	  currentRate will hold the current sample rate on return.
+	Returns:
+	  If sample rate is unknown, sampleRate will be 0 and ASE_NoClock will be returned.
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	Notes:
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOSetSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Set the hardware to the requested sample Rate. If sampleRate == 0,
+	  enable external sync.
+	Parameter:
+	  sampleRate: on input, the requested rate
+	Returns:
+	  If sampleRate is unknown ASE_NoClock will be returned.
+	  If the current clock is external, and sampleRate is != 0,
+	  ASE_InvalidMode will be returned
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	Notes:
+*/
+
+typedef struct ASIOClockSource
+{
+	long index;					// as used for ASIOSetClockSource()
+	long associatedChannel;		// for instance, S/PDIF or AES/EBU
+	long associatedGroup;		// see channel groups (ASIOGetChannelInfo())
+	ASIOBool isCurrentSource;	// ASIOTrue if this is the current clock source
+	char name[32];				// for user selection
+} ASIOClockSource;
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetClockSources(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Get the available external audio clock sources
+	Parameter:
+	  clocks points to an array of ASIOClockSource structures:
+	  	- index: this is used to identify the clock source
+	  	  when ASIOSetClockSource() is accessed, should be
+	  	  an index counting from zero
+	  	- associatedInputChannel: the first channel of an associated
+	  	  input group, if any.
+	  	- associatedGroup: the group index of that channel.
+	  	  groups of channels are defined to seperate for
+	  	  instance analog, S/PDIF, AES/EBU, ADAT connectors etc,
+	  	  when present simultaniously. Note that associated channel
+	  	  is enumerated according to numInputs/numOutputs, means it
+	  	  is independant from a group (see also ASIOGetChannelInfo())
+	  	  inputs are associated to a clock if the physical connection
+	  	  transfers both data and clock (like S/PDIF, AES/EBU, or
+	  	  ADAT inputs). if there is no input channel associated with
+	  	  the clock source (like Word Clock, or internal oscillator), both
+	  	  associatedChannel and associatedGroup should be set to -1.
+	  	- isCurrentSource: on exit, ASIOTrue if this is the current clock
+	  	  source, ASIOFalse else
+		- name: a null-terminated string for user selection of the available sources.
+	  numSources:
+	      on input: the number of allocated array members
+	      on output: the number of available clock sources, at least
+	      1 (internal clock generator).
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	Notes:
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOSetClockSource(long index);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Set the audio clock source
+	Parameter:
+	  index as obtained from an inquiry to ASIOGetClockSources()
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	  If the clock can not be selected because an input channel which
+	  carries the current clock source is active, ASE_InvalidMode
+	  *may* be returned (this depends on the properties of the driver
+	  and/or hardware).
+	Notes:
+	  Should *not* return ASE_NoClock if there is no clock signal present
+	  at the selected source; this will be inquired via ASIOGetSampleRate().
+	  It should call the host callback procedure sampleRateHasChanged(),
+	  if the switch causes a sample rate change, or if no external clock
+	  is present at the selected source.
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetSamplePosition (ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Inquires the sample position/time stamp pair.
+	Parameter:
+	  sPos will hold the sample position on return. The sample
+	  position is reset to zero when ASIOStart() gets called.
+	  tStamp will hold the system time when the sample position
+	  was latched.
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present, ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	  If there is no clock, ASE_SPNotAdvancing will be returned.
+	Notes:
+
+	  in order to be able to synchronise properly,
+	  the sample position / time stamp pair must refer to the current block,
+	  that is, the engine will call ASIOGetSamplePosition() in its bufferSwitch()
+	  callback and expect the time for the current block. thus, when requested
+	  in the very first bufferSwitch after ASIO_Start(), the sample position
+	  should be zero, and the time stamp should refer to the very time where
+	  the stream was started. it also means that the sample position must be
+	  block aligned. the driver must ensure proper interpolation if the system
+	  time can not be determined for the block position. the driver is responsible
+	  for precise time stamps as it usually has most direct access to lower
+	  level resources. proper behaviour of ASIO_GetSamplePosition() and ASIO_GetLatencies()
+	  are essential for precise media synchronization!
+*/
+
+typedef struct ASIOChannelInfo
+{
+	long channel;			// on input, channel index
+	ASIOBool isInput;		// on input
+	ASIOBool isActive;		// on exit
+	long channelGroup;		// dto
+	ASIOSampleType type;	// dto
+	char name[32];			// dto
+} ASIOChannelInfo;
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetChannelInfo(ASIOChannelInfo *info);
+/* Purpose:
+	  retreive information about the nature of a channel
+	Parameter:
+	  info: pointer to a ASIOChannelInfo structure with
+	  	- channel: on input, the channel index of the channel in question.
+	  	- isInput: on input, ASIOTrue if info for an input channel is
+	  	  requested, else output
+		- channelGroup: on return, the channel group that the channel
+		  belongs to. For drivers which support different types of
+		  channels, like analog, S/PDIF, AES/EBU, ADAT etc interfaces,
+		  there should be a reasonable grouping of these types. Groups
+		  are always independant form a channel index, that is, a channel
+		  index always counts from 0 to numInputs/numOutputs regardless
+		  of the group it may belong to.
+		  There will always be at least one group (group 0). Please
+		  also note that by default, the host may decide to activate
+		  channels 0 and 1; thus, these should belong to the most
+		  useful type (analog i/o, if present).
+	  	- type: on return, contains the sample type of the channel
+	  	- isActive: on return, ASIOTrue if channel is active as it was
+	  	  installed by ASIOCreateBuffers(), ASIOFalse else
+	  	- name:  describing the type of channel in question. Used to allow
+	  	  for user selection, and enabling of specific channels. examples:
+	      "Analog In", "SPDIF Out" etc
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	Notes:
+	  If possible, the string should be organised such that the first
+	  characters are most significantly describing the nature of the
+	  port, to allow for identification even if the view showing the
+	  port name is too small to display more than 8 characters, for
+	  instance.
+*/
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// Buffer preparation
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+typedef struct ASIOBufferInfo
+{
+	ASIOBool isInput;			// on input:  ASIOTrue: input, else output
+	long channelNum;			// on input:  channel index
+	void *buffers[2];			// on output: double buffer addresses
+} ASIOBufferInfo;
+
+ASIOError ASIOCreateBuffers(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos, long numChannels,
+	long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks);
+
+/* Purpose:
+	  Allocates input/output buffers for all input and output channels to be activated.
+	Parameter:
+	  bufferInfos is a pointer to an array of ASIOBufferInfo structures:
+	    - isInput: on input, ASIOTrue if the buffer is to be allocated
+	      for an input, output buffer else
+	    - channelNum: on input, the index of the channel in question
+	      (counting from 0)
+	    - buffers: on exit, 2 pointers to the halves of the channels' double-buffer.
+	      the size of the buffer(s) of course depend on both the ASIOSampleType
+	      as obtained from ASIOGetChannelInfo(), and bufferSize
+	  numChannels is the sum of all input and output channels to be created;
+	  thus bufferInfos is a pointer to an array of numChannels ASIOBufferInfo
+	  structures.
+	  bufferSize selects one of the possible buffer sizes as obtained from
+	  ASIOGetBufferSizes().
+	  callbacks is a pointer to an ASIOCallbacks structure.
+	Returns:
+	  If not enough memory is available ASE_NoMemory will be returned.
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	  If bufferSize is not supported, or one or more of the bufferInfos elements
+	  contain invalid settings, ASE_InvalidMode will be returned.
+	Notes:
+	  If individual channel selection is not possible but requested,
+	  the driver has to handle this. namely, bufferSwitch() will only
+	  have filled buffers of enabled outputs. If possible, processing
+	  and buss activities overhead should be avoided for channels which
+	  were not enabled here.
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIODisposeBuffers(void);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Releases all buffers for the device.
+	Parameter:
+	  None.
+	Returns:
+	  If no buffer were ever prepared, ASE_InvalidMode will be returned.
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	Notes:
+	  This implies ASIOStop().
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOControlPanel(void);
+/* Purpose:
+	  request the driver to start a control panel component
+	  for device specific user settings. This will not be
+	  accessed on some platforms (where the component is accessed
+	  instead).
+	Parameter:
+	  None.
+	Returns:
+	  If no panel is available ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	  Actually, the return code is ignored.
+	Notes:
+	  if the user applied settings which require a re-configuration
+	  of parts or all of the enigine and/or driver (such as a change of
+	  the block size), the asioMessage callback can be used (see
+	  ASIO_Callbacks).
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOFuture(long selector, void *params);
+/* Purpose:
+	  various
+	Parameter:
+	  selector: operation Code as to be defined. zero is reserved for
+	  testing purposes.
+	  params: depends on the selector; usually pointer to a structure
+	  for passing and retreiving any type and amount of parameters.
+	Returns:
+	  the return value is also selector dependant. if the selector
+	  is unknown, ASE_InvalidParameter should be returned to prevent
+	  further calls with this selector. on success, ASE_SUCCESS
+	  must be returned (note: ASE_OK is *not* sufficient!)
+	Notes:
+	  see selectors defined below.	  
+*/
+
+enum
+{
+	kAsioEnableTimeCodeRead = 1,	// no arguments
+	kAsioDisableTimeCodeRead,		// no arguments
+	kAsioSetInputMonitor,			// ASIOInputMonitor* in params
+	kAsioTransport,					// ASIOTransportParameters* in params
+	kAsioSetInputGain,				// ASIOChannelControls* in params, apply gain
+	kAsioGetInputMeter,				// ASIOChannelControls* in params, fill meter
+	kAsioSetOutputGain,				// ASIOChannelControls* in params, apply gain
+	kAsioGetOutputMeter,			// ASIOChannelControls* in params, fill meter
+	kAsioCanInputMonitor,			// no arguments for kAsioCanXXX selectors
+	kAsioCanTimeInfo,
+	kAsioCanTimeCode,
+	kAsioCanTransport,
+	kAsioCanInputGain,
+	kAsioCanInputMeter,
+	kAsioCanOutputGain,
+	kAsioCanOutputMeter,
+	kAsioOptionalOne,
+	
+	//	DSD support
+	//	The following extensions are required to allow switching
+	//	and control of the DSD subsystem.
+	kAsioSetIoFormat			= 0x23111961,		/* ASIOIoFormat * in params.			*/
+	kAsioGetIoFormat			= 0x23111983,		/* ASIOIoFormat * in params.			*/
+	kAsioCanDoIoFormat			= 0x23112004,		/* ASIOIoFormat * in params.			*/
+	
+	// Extension for drop out detection
+	kAsioCanReportOverload			= 0x24042012,	/* return ASE_SUCCESS if driver can detect and report overloads */
+	
+	kAsioGetInternalBufferSamples	= 0x25042012	/* ASIOInternalBufferInfo * in params. Deliver size of driver internal buffering, return ASE_SUCCESS if supported */
+};
+
+typedef struct ASIOInputMonitor
+{
+	long input;		// this input was set to monitor (or off), -1: all
+	long output;	// suggested output for monitoring the input (if so)
+	long gain;		// suggested gain, ranging 0 - 0x7fffffffL (-inf to +12 dB)
+	ASIOBool state;	// ASIOTrue => on, ASIOFalse => off
+	long pan;		// suggested pan, 0 => all left, 0x7fffffff => right
+} ASIOInputMonitor;
+
+typedef struct ASIOChannelControls
+{
+	long channel;			// on input, channel index
+	ASIOBool isInput;		// on input
+	long gain;				// on input,  ranges 0 thru 0x7fffffff
+	long meter;				// on return, ranges 0 thru 0x7fffffff
+	char future[32];
+} ASIOChannelControls;
+
+typedef struct ASIOTransportParameters
+{
+	long command;		// see enum below
+	ASIOSamples samplePosition;
+	long track;
+	long trackSwitches[16];		// 512 tracks on/off
+	char future[64];
+} ASIOTransportParameters;
+
+enum
+{
+	kTransStart = 1,
+	kTransStop,
+	kTransLocate,		// to samplePosition
+	kTransPunchIn,
+	kTransPunchOut,
+	kTransArmOn,		// track
+	kTransArmOff,		// track
+	kTransMonitorOn,	// track
+	kTransMonitorOff,	// track
+	kTransArm,			// trackSwitches
+	kTransMonitor		// trackSwitches
+};
+
+/*
+// DSD support
+//	Some notes on how to use ASIOIoFormatType.
+//
+//	The caller will fill the format with the request types.
+//	If the board can do the request then it will leave the
+//	values unchanged. If the board does not support the
+//	request then it will change that entry to Invalid (-1)
+//
+//	So to request DSD then
+//
+//	ASIOIoFormat NeedThis={kASIODSDFormat};
+//
+//	if(ASE_SUCCESS != ASIOFuture(kAsioSetIoFormat,&NeedThis) ){
+//		// If the board did not accept one of the parameters then the
+//		// whole call will fail and the failing parameter will
+//		// have had its value changes to -1.
+//	}
+//
+// Note: Switching between the formats need to be done before the "prepared"
+// state (see ASIO 2 documentation) is entered.
+*/
+typedef long int ASIOIoFormatType;
+enum ASIOIoFormatType_e
+{
+	kASIOFormatInvalid = -1,
+	kASIOPCMFormat = 0,
+	kASIODSDFormat = 1,
+};
+
+typedef struct ASIOIoFormat_s
+{
+	ASIOIoFormatType	FormatType;
+	char				future[512-sizeof(ASIOIoFormatType)];
+} ASIOIoFormat;
+
+// Extension for drop detection
+// Note: Refers to buffering that goes beyond the double buffer e.g. used by USB driver designs
+typedef struct ASIOInternalBufferInfo
+{
+	long inputSamples;			// size of driver's internal input buffering which is included in getLatencies
+	long outputSamples;			// size of driver's internal output buffering which is included in getLatencies
+} ASIOInternalBufferInfo;
+
+
+ASIOError ASIOOutputReady(void);
+/* Purpose:
+	  this tells the driver that the host has completed processing
+	  the output buffers. if the data format required by the hardware
+	  differs from the supported asio formats, but the hardware
+	  buffers are DMA buffers, the driver will have to convert
+	  the audio stream data; as the bufferSwitch callback is
+	  usually issued at dma block switch time, the driver will
+	  have to convert the *previous* host buffer, which increases
+	  the output latency by one block.
+	  when the host finds out that ASIOOutputReady() returns
+	  true, it will issue this call whenever it completed
+	  output processing. then the driver can convert the
+	  host data directly to the dma buffer to be played next,
+	  reducing output latency by one block.
+	  another way to look at it is, that the buffer switch is called
+	  in order to pass the *input* stream to the host, so that it can
+	  process the input into the output, and the output stream is passed
+	  to the driver when the host has completed its process.
+	Parameter:
+		None
+	Returns:
+	  only if the above mentioned scenario is given, and a reduction
+	  of output latency can be acheived by this mechanism, should
+	  ASE_OK be returned. otherwise (and usually), ASE_NotPresent
+	  should be returned in order to prevent further calls to this
+	  function. note that the host may want to determine if it is
+	  to use this when the system is not yet fully initialized, so
+	  ASE_OK should always be returned if the mechanism makes sense.	  
+	Notes:
+	  please remeber to adjust ASIOGetLatencies() according to
+	  whether ASIOOutputReady() was ever called or not, if your
+	  driver supports this scenario.
+	  also note that the engine may fail to call ASIO_OutputReady()
+	  in time in overload cases. as already mentioned, bufferSwitch
+      should be called for every block regardless of whether a block
+      could be processed in time.
+*/
+
+// restore old alignment
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__MWERKS__) 
+#pragma pack(pop)
+#elif PRAGMA_ALIGN_SUPPORTED
+#pragma options align = reset
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asiodrivers.cpp b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asiodrivers.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4067bc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asiodrivers.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+#include <string.h>
+#include "asiodrivers.h"
+
+AsioDrivers* asioDrivers = 0;
+
+bool loadAsioDriver(char *name);
+
+bool loadAsioDriver(char *name)
+{
+	if(!asioDrivers)
+		asioDrivers = new AsioDrivers();
+	if(asioDrivers)
+		return asioDrivers->loadDriver(name);
+	return false;
+}
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#if MAC
+
+bool resolveASIO(unsigned long aconnID);
+
+AsioDrivers::AsioDrivers() : CodeFragments("ASIO Drivers", 'AsDr', 'Asio')
+{
+	connID = -1;
+	curIndex = -1;
+}
+
+AsioDrivers::~AsioDrivers()
+{
+	removeCurrentDriver();
+}
+
+bool AsioDrivers::getCurrentDriverName(char *name)
+{
+	if(curIndex >= 0)
+		return getName(curIndex, name);
+	return false;
+}
+
+long AsioDrivers::getDriverNames(char **names, long maxDrivers)
+{
+	for(long i = 0; i < getNumFragments() && i < maxDrivers; i++)
+		getName(i, names[i]);
+	return getNumFragments() < maxDrivers ? getNumFragments() : maxDrivers;
+}
+
+bool AsioDrivers::loadDriver(char *name)
+{
+	char dname[64];
+	unsigned long newID;
+
+	for(long i = 0; i < getNumFragments(); i++)
+	{
+		if(getName(i, dname) && !strcmp(name, dname))
+		{
+			if(newInstance(i, &newID))
+			{
+				if(resolveASIO(newID))
+				{
+					if(connID != -1)
+						removeInstance(curIndex, connID);
+					curIndex = i;
+					connID = newID;
+					return true;
+				}
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+void AsioDrivers::removeCurrentDriver()
+{
+	if(connID != -1)
+		removeInstance(curIndex, connID);
+	connID = -1;
+	curIndex = -1;
+}
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#elif WINDOWS
+
+#include "iasiodrv.h"
+
+extern IASIO* theAsioDriver;
+
+AsioDrivers::AsioDrivers() : AsioDriverList()
+{
+	curIndex = -1;
+}
+
+AsioDrivers::~AsioDrivers()
+{
+}
+
+bool AsioDrivers::getCurrentDriverName(char *name)
+{
+	if(curIndex >= 0)
+		return asioGetDriverName(curIndex, name, 32) == 0 ? true : false;
+	name[0] = 0;
+	return false;
+}
+
+long AsioDrivers::getDriverNames(char **names, long maxDrivers)
+{
+	for(long i = 0; i < asioGetNumDev() && i < maxDrivers; i++)
+		asioGetDriverName(i, names[i], 32);
+	return asioGetNumDev() < maxDrivers ? asioGetNumDev() : maxDrivers;
+}
+
+bool AsioDrivers::loadDriver(char *name)
+{
+	char dname[64];
+	char curName[64];
+
+	for(long i = 0; i < asioGetNumDev(); i++)
+	{
+		if(!asioGetDriverName(i, dname, 32) && !strcmp(name, dname))
+		{
+			curName[0] = 0;
+			getCurrentDriverName(curName);	// in case we fail...
+			removeCurrentDriver();
+
+			if(!asioOpenDriver(i, (void **)&theAsioDriver))
+			{
+				curIndex = i;
+				return true;
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				theAsioDriver = 0;
+				if(curName[0] && strcmp(dname, curName))
+					loadDriver(curName);	// try restore
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+void AsioDrivers::removeCurrentDriver()
+{
+	if(curIndex != -1)
+		asioCloseDriver(curIndex);
+	curIndex = -1;
+}
+
+#elif SGI || BEOS
+
+#include "asiolist.h"
+
+AsioDrivers::AsioDrivers() 
+	: AsioDriverList()
+{
+	curIndex = -1;
+}
+
+AsioDrivers::~AsioDrivers()
+{
+}
+
+bool AsioDrivers::getCurrentDriverName(char *name)
+{
+	return false;
+}
+
+long AsioDrivers::getDriverNames(char **names, long maxDrivers)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+bool AsioDrivers::loadDriver(char *name)
+{
+	return false;
+}
+
+void AsioDrivers::removeCurrentDriver()
+{
+}
+
+#else
+#error implement me
+#endif
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asiodrivers.h b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asiodrivers.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..511f2ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asiodrivers.h
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#ifndef __AsioDrivers__
+#define __AsioDrivers__
+
+#include "ginclude.h"
+
+#if MAC
+#include "CodeFragments.hpp"
+
+class AsioDrivers : public CodeFragments
+
+#elif WINDOWS
+#include <windows.h>
+#include "asiolist.h"
+
+class AsioDrivers : public AsioDriverList
+
+#elif SGI || BEOS
+#include "asiolist.h"
+
+class AsioDrivers : public AsioDriverList
+
+#else
+#error implement me
+#endif
+
+{
+public:
+	AsioDrivers();
+	~AsioDrivers();
+	
+	bool getCurrentDriverName(char *name);
+	long getDriverNames(char **names, long maxDrivers);
+	bool loadDriver(char *name);
+	void removeCurrentDriver();
+	long getCurrentDriverIndex() {return curIndex;}
+protected:
+	unsigned long connID;
+	long curIndex;
+};
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asiolist.cpp b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asiolist.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b35445
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asiolist.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+#include <windows.h>
+#include "iasiodrv.h"
+#include "asiolist.h"
+
+#define ASIODRV_DESC		"description"
+#define INPROC_SERVER		"InprocServer32"
+#define ASIO_PATH			"software\\asio"
+#define COM_CLSID			"clsid"
+
+// ******************************************************************
+// Local Functions 
+// ******************************************************************
+static LONG findDrvPath (char *clsidstr,char *dllpath,int dllpathsize)
+{
+	HKEY			hkEnum,hksub,hkpath;
+	char			databuf[512];
+	LONG 			cr,rc = -1;
+	DWORD			datatype,datasize;
+	DWORD			index;
+	OFSTRUCT		ofs;
+	HFILE			hfile;
+	BOOL			found = FALSE;
+
+	CharLowerBuffA(clsidstr,strlen(clsidstr));
+	if ((cr = RegOpenKeyA(HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,COM_CLSID,&hkEnum)) == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+
+		index = 0;
+		while (cr == ERROR_SUCCESS && !found) {
+			cr = RegEnumKeyA(hkEnum,index++,databuf,512);
+			if (cr == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+				CharLowerBuffA(databuf,strlen(databuf));
+				if (!(strcmp(databuf,clsidstr))) {
+					if ((cr = RegOpenKeyExA(hkEnum,databuf,0,KEY_READ,&hksub)) == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+						if ((cr = RegOpenKeyExA(hksub,INPROC_SERVER,0,KEY_READ,&hkpath)) == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+							datatype = REG_SZ; datasize = (DWORD)dllpathsize;
+							cr = RegQueryValueEx(hkpath,0,0,&datatype,(LPBYTE)dllpath,&datasize);
+							if (cr == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+								memset(&ofs,0,sizeof(OFSTRUCT));
+								ofs.cBytes = sizeof(OFSTRUCT); 
+								hfile = OpenFile(dllpath,&ofs,OF_EXIST);
+								if (hfile) rc = 0; 
+							}
+							RegCloseKey(hkpath);
+						}
+						RegCloseKey(hksub);
+					}
+					found = TRUE;	// break out 
+				}
+			}
+		}				
+		RegCloseKey(hkEnum);
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
+
+static LPASIODRVSTRUCT newDrvStruct (HKEY hkey,char *keyname,int drvID,LPASIODRVSTRUCT lpdrv)
+{
+	HKEY	hksub;
+	char	databuf[256];
+	char	dllpath[MAXPATHLEN];
+	WORD	wData[100];
+	CLSID	clsid;
+	DWORD	datatype,datasize;
+	LONG	cr,rc;
+
+	if (!lpdrv) {
+		if ((cr = RegOpenKeyEx(hkey,(LPCTSTR)keyname,0,KEY_READ,&hksub)) == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+
+			datatype = REG_SZ; datasize = 256;
+			cr = RegQueryValueExA(hksub,COM_CLSID,0,&datatype,(LPBYTE)databuf,&datasize);
+			if (cr == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+				rc = findDrvPath (databuf,dllpath,MAXPATHLEN);
+				if (rc == 0) {
+					lpdrv = new ASIODRVSTRUCT[1];
+					if (lpdrv) {
+						memset(lpdrv,0,sizeof(ASIODRVSTRUCT));
+						lpdrv->drvID = drvID;
+						MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP,0,(LPCSTR)databuf,-1,(LPWSTR)wData,100);
+						if ((cr = CLSIDFromString((LPOLESTR)wData,(LPCLSID)&clsid)) == S_OK) {
+							memcpy(&lpdrv->clsid,&clsid,sizeof(CLSID));
+						}
+
+						datatype = REG_SZ; datasize = 256;
+						cr = RegQueryValueExA(hksub,ASIODRV_DESC,0,&datatype,(LPBYTE)databuf,&datasize);
+						if (cr == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+							strcpy(lpdrv->drvname,databuf);
+						}
+						else strcpy(lpdrv->drvname,keyname);
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			RegCloseKey(hksub);
+		}
+	}	
+	else lpdrv->next = newDrvStruct(hkey,keyname,drvID+1,lpdrv->next);
+
+	return lpdrv;
+}
+
+static void deleteDrvStruct (LPASIODRVSTRUCT lpdrv)
+{
+	IASIO	*iasio;
+
+	if (lpdrv != 0) {
+		deleteDrvStruct(lpdrv->next);
+		if (lpdrv->asiodrv) {
+			iasio = (IASIO *)lpdrv->asiodrv;
+			iasio->Release();
+		}
+		delete lpdrv;
+	}
+}
+
+
+static LPASIODRVSTRUCT getDrvStruct (int drvID,LPASIODRVSTRUCT lpdrv)
+{
+	while (lpdrv) {
+		if (lpdrv->drvID == drvID) return lpdrv;
+		lpdrv = lpdrv->next;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+// ******************************************************************
+
+
+// ******************************************************************
+//	AsioDriverList
+// ******************************************************************
+AsioDriverList::AsioDriverList ()
+{
+	HKEY			hkEnum = 0;
+	char			keyname[MAXDRVNAMELEN];
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT	pdl;
+	LONG 			cr;
+	DWORD			index = 0;
+	BOOL			fin = FALSE;
+
+	numdrv		= 0;
+	lpdrvlist	= 0;
+
+	cr = RegOpenKeyA(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,ASIO_PATH,&hkEnum);
+	while (cr == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+		if ((cr = RegEnumKey(hkEnum,index++,(LPTSTR)keyname,MAXDRVNAMELEN))== ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+			lpdrvlist = newDrvStruct (hkEnum,keyname,0,lpdrvlist);
+		}
+		else fin = TRUE;
+	}
+	if (hkEnum) RegCloseKey(hkEnum);
+
+	pdl = lpdrvlist;
+	while (pdl) {
+		numdrv++;
+		pdl = pdl->next;
+	}
+
+	if (numdrv) CoInitialize(0);	// initialize COM
+}
+
+AsioDriverList::~AsioDriverList ()
+{
+	if (numdrv) {
+		deleteDrvStruct(lpdrvlist);
+		CoUninitialize();
+	}
+}
+
+
+LONG AsioDriverList::asioGetNumDev (VOID)
+{
+	return (LONG)numdrv;
+}
+
+
+LONG AsioDriverList::asioOpenDriver (int drvID,LPVOID *asiodrv)
+{
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT	lpdrv = 0;
+	long			rc;
+
+	if (!asiodrv) return DRVERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+
+	if ((lpdrv = getDrvStruct(drvID,lpdrvlist)) != 0) {
+		if (!lpdrv->asiodrv) {
+			rc = CoCreateInstance(lpdrv->clsid,0,CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,lpdrv->clsid,asiodrv);
+			if (rc == S_OK) {
+				lpdrv->asiodrv = *asiodrv;
+				return 0;
+			}
+			// else if (rc == REGDB_E_CLASSNOTREG)
+			//	strcpy (info->messageText, "Driver not registered in the Registration Database!");
+		}
+		else rc = DRVERR_DEVICE_ALREADY_OPEN;
+	}
+	else rc = DRVERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND;
+	
+	return rc;
+}
+
+
+LONG AsioDriverList::asioCloseDriver (int drvID)
+{
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT	lpdrv = 0;
+	IASIO			*iasio;
+
+	if ((lpdrv = getDrvStruct(drvID,lpdrvlist)) != 0) {
+		if (lpdrv->asiodrv) {
+			iasio = (IASIO *)lpdrv->asiodrv;
+			iasio->Release();
+			lpdrv->asiodrv = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+LONG AsioDriverList::asioGetDriverName (int drvID,char *drvname,int drvnamesize)
+{	
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT			lpdrv = 0;
+
+	if (!drvname) return DRVERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+
+	if ((lpdrv = getDrvStruct(drvID,lpdrvlist)) != 0) {
+		if (strlen(lpdrv->drvname) < (unsigned int)drvnamesize) {
+			strcpy(drvname,lpdrv->drvname);
+		}
+		else {
+			memcpy(drvname,lpdrv->drvname,drvnamesize-4);
+			drvname[drvnamesize-4] = '.';
+			drvname[drvnamesize-3] = '.';
+			drvname[drvnamesize-2] = '.';
+			drvname[drvnamesize-1] = 0;
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return DRVERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND;
+}
+
+LONG AsioDriverList::asioGetDriverPath (int drvID,char *dllpath,int dllpathsize)
+{
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT			lpdrv = 0;
+
+	if (!dllpath) return DRVERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+
+	if ((lpdrv = getDrvStruct(drvID,lpdrvlist)) != 0) {
+		if (strlen(lpdrv->dllpath) < (unsigned int)dllpathsize) {
+			strcpy(dllpath,lpdrv->dllpath);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		dllpath[0] = 0;
+		return DRVERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+	}
+	return DRVERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND;
+}
+
+LONG AsioDriverList::asioGetDriverCLSID (int drvID,CLSID *clsid)
+{
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT			lpdrv = 0;
+
+	if (!clsid) return DRVERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+
+	if ((lpdrv = getDrvStruct(drvID,lpdrvlist)) != 0) {
+		memcpy(clsid,&lpdrv->clsid,sizeof(CLSID));
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return DRVERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND;
+}
+
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asiolist.h b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asiolist.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f504af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asiolist.h
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#ifndef __asiolist__
+#define __asiolist__
+
+#define DRVERR			-5000
+#define DRVERR_INVALID_PARAM		DRVERR-1
+#define DRVERR_DEVICE_ALREADY_OPEN	DRVERR-2
+#define DRVERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND		DRVERR-3
+
+#define MAXPATHLEN			512
+#define MAXDRVNAMELEN		128
+
+struct asiodrvstruct
+{
+	int						drvID;
+	CLSID					clsid;
+	char					dllpath[MAXPATHLEN];
+	char					drvname[MAXDRVNAMELEN];
+	LPVOID					asiodrv;
+	struct asiodrvstruct	*next;
+};
+
+typedef struct asiodrvstruct ASIODRVSTRUCT;
+typedef ASIODRVSTRUCT	*LPASIODRVSTRUCT;
+
+class AsioDriverList {
+public:
+	AsioDriverList();
+	~AsioDriverList();
+	
+	LONG asioOpenDriver (int,VOID **);
+	LONG asioCloseDriver (int);
+
+	// nice to have
+	LONG asioGetNumDev (VOID);
+	LONG asioGetDriverName (int,char *,int);		
+	LONG asioGetDriverPath (int,char *,int);
+	LONG asioGetDriverCLSID (int,CLSID *);
+
+	// or use directly access
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT	lpdrvlist;
+	int				numdrv;
+};
+
+typedef class AsioDriverList *LPASIODRIVERLIST;
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asiosys.h b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asiosys.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b4c7a8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/asiosys.h
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#ifndef __asiosys__
+	#define __asiosys__
+
+	#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN64)
+		#undef MAC 
+		#define PPC 0
+		#define WINDOWS 1
+		#define SGI 0
+		#define SUN 0
+		#define LINUX 0
+		#define BEOS 0
+
+		#define NATIVE_INT64 0
+		#define IEEE754_64FLOAT 1
+	
+	#elif BEOS
+		#define MAC 0
+		#define PPC 0
+		#define WINDOWS 0
+		#define PC 0
+		#define SGI 0
+		#define SUN 0
+		#define LINUX 0
+		
+		#define NATIVE_INT64 0
+		#define IEEE754_64FLOAT 1
+		
+		#ifndef DEBUG
+			#define DEBUG 0
+		 	#if DEBUG
+		 		void DEBUGGERMESSAGE(char *string);
+		 	#else
+		  		#define DEBUGGERMESSAGE(a)
+			#endif
+		#endif
+
+	#elif SGI
+		#define MAC 0
+		#define PPC 0
+		#define WINDOWS 0
+		#define PC 0
+		#define SUN 0
+		#define LINUX 0
+		#define BEOS 0
+		
+		#define NATIVE_INT64 0
+		#define IEEE754_64FLOAT 1
+		
+		#ifndef DEBUG
+			#define DEBUG 0
+		 	#if DEBUG
+		 		void DEBUGGERMESSAGE(char *string);
+		 	#else
+		  		#define DEBUGGERMESSAGE(a)
+			#endif
+		#endif
+
+	#else	// MAC
+
+		#define MAC 1
+		#define PPC 1
+		#define WINDOWS 0
+		#define PC 0
+		#define SGI 0
+		#define SUN 0
+		#define LINUX 0
+		#define BEOS 0
+
+		#define NATIVE_INT64 0
+		#define IEEE754_64FLOAT 1
+
+		#ifndef DEBUG
+			#define DEBUG 0
+			#if DEBUG
+				void DEBUGGERMESSAGE(char *string);
+			#else
+				#define DEBUGGERMESSAGE(a)
+			#endif
+		#endif
+	#endif
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/ginclude.h b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/ginclude.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..97cb7b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/ginclude.h
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#ifndef __gInclude__
+#define __gInclude__
+
+#if SGI 
+	#undef BEOS 
+	#undef MAC 
+	#undef WINDOWS
+	//
+	#define ASIO_BIG_ENDIAN 1
+	#define ASIO_CPU_MIPS 1
+#elif defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN64)
+	#undef BEOS 
+	#undef MAC 
+	#undef SGI
+	#define WINDOWS 1
+	#define ASIO_LITTLE_ENDIAN 1
+	#define ASIO_CPU_X86 1
+#elif BEOS
+	#undef MAC 
+	#undef SGI
+	#undef WINDOWS
+	#define ASIO_LITTLE_ENDIAN 1
+	#define ASIO_CPU_X86 1
+	//
+#else
+	#define MAC 1
+	#undef BEOS 
+	#undef WINDOWS
+	#undef SGI
+	#define ASIO_BIG_ENDIAN 1
+	#define ASIO_CPU_PPC 1
+#endif
+
+// always
+#define NATIVE_INT64 0
+#define IEEE754_64FLOAT 1
+
+#endif	// __gInclude__
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/iasiodrv.h b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/iasiodrv.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1496f0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/iasiodrv.h
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#include "asiosys.h"
+#include "asio.h"
+
+/* Forward Declarations */ 
+
+#ifndef __ASIODRIVER_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __ASIODRIVER_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IASIO IASIO;
+#endif 	/* __ASIODRIVER_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+interface IASIO : public IUnknown
+{
+
+	virtual ASIOBool init(void *sysHandle) = 0;
+	virtual void getDriverName(char *name) = 0;	
+	virtual long getDriverVersion() = 0;
+	virtual void getErrorMessage(char *string) = 0;	
+	virtual ASIOError start() = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError stop() = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getChannels(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getLatencies(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getBufferSize(long *minSize, long *maxSize,
+		long *preferredSize, long *granularity) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError canSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate *sampleRate) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError setSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getClockSources(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError setClockSource(long reference) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getSamplePosition(ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getChannelInfo(ASIOChannelInfo *info) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError createBuffers(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos, long numChannels,
+		long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError disposeBuffers() = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError controlPanel() = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError future(long selector,void *opt) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError outputReady() = 0;
+};
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/iasiothiscallresolver.cpp b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/iasiothiscallresolver.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08c55ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/iasiothiscallresolver.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,572 @@
+/*
+	IASIOThiscallResolver.cpp see the comments in iasiothiscallresolver.h for
+    the top level description - this comment describes the technical details of
+    the implementation.
+
+    The latest version of this file is available from:
+    http://www.audiomulch.com/~rossb/code/calliasio
+
+    please email comments to Ross Bencina <rossb@audiomulch.com>
+
+    BACKGROUND
+
+    The IASIO interface declared in the Steinberg ASIO 2 SDK declares
+    functions with no explicit calling convention. This causes MSVC++ to default
+    to using the thiscall convention, which is a proprietary convention not
+    implemented by some non-microsoft compilers - notably borland BCC,
+    C++Builder, and gcc. MSVC++ is the defacto standard compiler used by
+    Steinberg. As a result of this situation, the ASIO sdk will compile with
+    any compiler, however attempting to execute the compiled code will cause a
+    crash due to different default calling conventions on non-Microsoft
+    compilers.
+
+    IASIOThiscallResolver solves the problem by providing an adapter class that
+    delegates to the IASIO interface using the correct calling convention
+    (thiscall). Due to the lack of support for thiscall in the Borland and GCC
+    compilers, the calls have been implemented in assembly language.
+
+    A number of macros are defined for thiscall function calls with different
+    numbers of parameters, with and without return values - it may be possible
+    to modify the format of these macros to make them work with other inline
+    assemblers.
+
+
+    THISCALL DEFINITION
+
+    A number of definitions of the thiscall calling convention are floating
+    around the internet. The following definition has been validated against
+    output from the MSVC++ compiler:
+
+    For non-vararg functions, thiscall works as follows: the object (this)
+    pointer is passed in ECX. All arguments are passed on the stack in
+    right to left order. The return value is placed in EAX. The callee
+    clears the passed arguments from the stack.
+
+
+    FINDING FUNCTION POINTERS FROM AN IASIO POINTER
+
+    The first field of a COM object is a pointer to its vtble. Thus a pointer
+    to an object implementing the IASIO interface also points to a pointer to
+    that object's vtbl. The vtble is a table of function pointers for all of
+    the virtual functions exposed by the implemented interfaces.
+
+    If we consider a variable declared as a pointer to IASO:
+
+    IASIO *theAsioDriver
+
+    theAsioDriver points to:
+
+    object implementing IASIO
+    {
+        IASIOvtbl *vtbl
+        other data
+    }
+
+    in other words, theAsioDriver points to a pointer to an IASIOvtbl
+
+    vtbl points to a table of function pointers:
+
+    IASIOvtbl ( interface IASIO : public IUnknown )
+    {
+    (IUnknown functions)
+    0   virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE (*QueryInterface)(REFIID riid, void **ppv) = 0;
+    4   virtual ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE (*AddRef)() = 0;
+    8   virtual ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE (*Release)() = 0;      
+
+    (IASIO functions)
+    12	virtual ASIOBool (*init)(void *sysHandle) = 0;
+    16	virtual void (*getDriverName)(char *name) = 0;
+    20	virtual long (*getDriverVersion)() = 0;
+    24	virtual void (*getErrorMessage)(char *string) = 0;
+    28	virtual ASIOError (*start)() = 0;
+    32	virtual ASIOError (*stop)() = 0;
+    36	virtual ASIOError (*getChannels)(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels) = 0;
+    40	virtual ASIOError (*getLatencies)(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency) = 0;
+    44	virtual ASIOError (*getBufferSize)(long *minSize, long *maxSize,
+            long *preferredSize, long *granularity) = 0;
+    48	virtual ASIOError (*canSampleRate)(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate) = 0;
+    52	virtual ASIOError (*getSampleRate)(ASIOSampleRate *sampleRate) = 0;
+    56	virtual ASIOError (*setSampleRate)(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate) = 0;
+    60	virtual ASIOError (*getClockSources)(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources) = 0;
+    64	virtual ASIOError (*setClockSource)(long reference) = 0;
+    68	virtual ASIOError (*getSamplePosition)(ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp) = 0;
+    72	virtual ASIOError (*getChannelInfo)(ASIOChannelInfo *info) = 0;
+    76	virtual ASIOError (*createBuffers)(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos, long numChannels,
+            long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks) = 0;
+    80	virtual ASIOError (*disposeBuffers)() = 0;
+    84	virtual ASIOError (*controlPanel)() = 0;
+    88	virtual ASIOError (*future)(long selector,void *opt) = 0;
+    92	virtual ASIOError (*outputReady)() = 0;
+    };
+
+    The numbers in the left column show the byte offset of each function ptr
+    from the beginning of the vtbl. These numbers are used in the code below
+    to select different functions.
+
+    In order to find the address of a particular function, theAsioDriver
+    must first be dereferenced to find the value of the vtbl pointer:
+
+    mov     eax, theAsioDriver
+    mov     edx, [theAsioDriver]  // edx now points to vtbl[0]
+
+    Then an offset must be added to the vtbl pointer to select a
+    particular function, for example vtbl+44 points to the slot containing
+    a pointer to the getBufferSize function.
+
+    Finally vtbl+x must be dereferenced to obtain the value of the function
+    pointer stored in that address:
+
+    call    [edx+44]    // call the function pointed to by
+                        // the value in the getBufferSize field of the vtbl
+
+
+    SEE ALSO
+
+    Martin Fay's OpenASIO DLL at http://www.martinfay.com solves the same
+    problem by providing a new COM interface which wraps IASIO with an
+    interface that uses portable calling conventions. OpenASIO must be compiled
+    with MSVC, and requires that you ship the OpenASIO DLL with your
+    application.
+
+    
+    ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
+
+    Ross Bencina: worked out the thiscall details above, wrote the original
+    Borland asm macros, and a patch for asio.cpp (which is no longer needed).
+    Thanks to Martin Fay for introducing me to the issues discussed here,
+    and to Rene G. Ceballos for assisting with asm dumps from MSVC++.
+
+    Antti Silvast: converted the original calliasio to work with gcc and NASM
+    by implementing the asm code in a separate file.
+
+	Fraser Adams: modified the original calliasio containing the Borland inline
+    asm to add inline asm for gcc i.e. Intel syntax for Borland and AT&T syntax
+    for gcc. This seems a neater approach for gcc than to have a separate .asm
+    file and it means that we only need one version of the thiscall patch.
+
+    Fraser Adams: rewrote the original calliasio patch in the form of the
+    IASIOThiscallResolver class in order to avoid modifications to files from
+    the Steinberg SDK, which may have had potential licence issues.
+
+    Andrew Baldwin: contributed fixes for compatibility problems with more
+    recent versions of the gcc assembler.
+*/
+
+
+// We only need IASIOThiscallResolver at all if we are on Win32. For other
+// platforms we simply bypass the IASIOThiscallResolver definition to allow us
+// to be safely #include'd whatever the platform to keep client code portable
+#if (defined(WIN32) || defined(_WIN32) || defined(__WIN32__)) && !defined(_WIN64)
+
+
+// If microsoft compiler we can call IASIO directly so IASIOThiscallResolver
+// is not used.
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
+
+
+#include <new>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+// We have a mechanism in iasiothiscallresolver.h to ensure that asio.h is
+// #include'd before it in client code, we do NOT want to do this test here.
+#define iasiothiscallresolver_sourcefile 1
+#include "iasiothiscallresolver.h"
+#undef iasiothiscallresolver_sourcefile
+
+// iasiothiscallresolver.h redefines ASIOInit for clients, but we don't want
+// this macro defined in this translation unit.
+#undef ASIOInit
+
+
+// theAsioDriver is a global pointer to the current IASIO instance which the
+// ASIO SDK uses to perform all actions on the IASIO interface. We substitute
+// our own forwarding interface into this pointer.
+extern IASIO* theAsioDriver;
+
+
+// The following macros define the inline assembler for BORLAND first then gcc
+
+#if defined(__BCPLUSPLUS__) || defined(__BORLANDC__)          
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_0( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset )\
+    void *this_ = (thisPtr);                                                \
+    __asm {                                                                 \
+        mov     ecx, this_            ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, [ecx]            ;                                     \
+        call    [eax+funcOffset]      ;                                     \
+        mov     resultName, eax       ;                                     \
+    }
+
+
+#define CALL_VOID_THISCALL_1( thisPtr, funcOffset, param1 )\
+    void *this_ = (thisPtr);                                                \
+    __asm {                                                                 \
+        mov     eax, param1           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     ecx, this_            ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, [ecx]            ;                                     \
+        call    [eax+funcOffset]      ;                                     \
+    }
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_1( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1 )\
+    void *this_ = (thisPtr);                                                \
+    __asm {                                                                 \
+        mov     eax, param1           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     ecx, this_            ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, [ecx]            ;                                     \
+        call    [eax+funcOffset]      ;                                     \
+        mov     resultName, eax       ;                                     \
+    }
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_1_DOUBLE( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1 )\
+    void *this_ = (thisPtr);                                                \
+    void *doubleParamPtr_ (&param1);                                        \
+    __asm {                                                                 \
+        mov     eax, doubleParamPtr_  ;                                     \
+        push    [eax+4]               ;                                     \
+        push    [eax]                 ;                                     \
+        mov     ecx, this_            ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, [ecx]            ;                                     \
+        call    [eax+funcOffset]      ;                                     \
+        mov     resultName, eax       ;                                     \
+    }
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_2( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1, param2 )\
+    void *this_ = (thisPtr);                                                \
+    __asm {                                                                 \
+        mov     eax, param2           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, param1           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     ecx, this_            ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, [ecx]            ;                                     \
+        call    [eax+funcOffset]      ;                                     \
+        mov     resultName, eax       ;                                     \
+    }
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_4( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1, param2, param3, param4 )\
+    void *this_ = (thisPtr);                                                \
+    __asm {                                                                 \
+        mov     eax, param4           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, param3           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, param2           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, param1           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     ecx, this_            ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, [ecx]            ;                                     \
+        call    [eax+funcOffset]      ;                                     \
+        mov     resultName, eax       ;                                     \
+    }
+
+
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_0( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset )                  \
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("movl (%1), %%edx\n\t"                            \
+                          "call *"#funcOffset"(%%edx)\n\t"                  \
+                          :"=a"(resultName) /* Output Operands */           \
+                          :"c"(thisPtr)     /* Input Operands */            \
+                          : "%edx" /* Clobbered Registers */                \
+                         );                                                 \
+
+
+#define CALL_VOID_THISCALL_1( thisPtr, funcOffset, param1 )                 \
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("pushl %0\n\t"                                    \
+                          "movl (%1), %%edx\n\t"                            \
+                          "call *"#funcOffset"(%%edx)\n\t"                  \
+                          :                 /* Output Operands */           \
+                          :"r"(param1),     /* Input Operands */            \
+                           "c"(thisPtr)                                     \
+                          : "%edx" /* Clobbered Registers */                \
+                         );                                                 \
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_1( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1 )          \
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("pushl %1\n\t"                                    \
+                          "movl (%2), %%edx\n\t"                            \
+                          "call *"#funcOffset"(%%edx)\n\t"                  \
+                          :"=a"(resultName) /* Output Operands */           \
+                          :"r"(param1),     /* Input Operands */            \
+                           "c"(thisPtr)                                     \
+                          : "%edx" /* Clobbered Registers */                \
+                          );                                                \
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_1_DOUBLE( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1 )   \
+    do {                                                                    \
+    double param1f64 = param1; /* Cast explicitly to double */              \
+    double *param1f64Ptr = &param1f64; /* Make pointer to address */        \
+     __asm__ __volatile__ ("pushl 4(%1)\n\t"                                \
+                           "pushl (%1)\n\t"                                 \
+                           "movl (%2), %%edx\n\t"                           \
+                           "call *"#funcOffset"(%%edx);\n\t"                \
+                           : "=a"(resultName) /* Output Operands */         \
+                           : "r"(param1f64Ptr),  /* Input Operands */       \
+                           "c"(thisPtr),                                    \
+                           "m"(*param1f64Ptr) /* Using address */           \
+                           : "%edx" /* Clobbered Registers */               \
+                           );                                               \
+    } while (0);                                                            \
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_2( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1, param2 )  \
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("pushl %1\n\t"                                    \
+                          "pushl %2\n\t"                                    \
+                          "movl (%3), %%edx\n\t"                            \
+                          "call *"#funcOffset"(%%edx)\n\t"                  \
+                          :"=a"(resultName) /* Output Operands */           \
+                          :"r"(param2),     /* Input Operands */            \
+                           "r"(param1),                                     \
+                           "c"(thisPtr)                                     \
+                          : "%edx" /* Clobbered Registers */                \
+                          );                                                \
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_4( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1, param2, param3, param4 )\
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("pushl %1\n\t"                                    \
+                          "pushl %2\n\t"                                    \
+                          "pushl %3\n\t"                                    \
+                          "pushl %4\n\t"                                    \
+                          "movl (%5), %%edx\n\t"                            \
+                          "call *"#funcOffset"(%%edx)\n\t"                  \
+                          :"=a"(resultName) /* Output Operands */           \
+                          :"r"(param4),     /* Input Operands  */           \
+                           "r"(param3),                                     \
+                           "r"(param2),                                     \
+                           "r"(param1),                                     \
+                           "c"(thisPtr)                                     \
+                          : "%edx" /* Clobbered Registers */                \
+                          );                                                \
+
+#endif
+
+
+
+// Our static singleton instance.
+IASIOThiscallResolver IASIOThiscallResolver::instance;
+
+// Constructor called to initialize static Singleton instance above. Note that
+// it is important not to clear that_ incase it has already been set by the call
+// to placement new in ASIOInit().
+IASIOThiscallResolver::IASIOThiscallResolver()
+{
+}
+
+// Constructor called from ASIOInit() below
+IASIOThiscallResolver::IASIOThiscallResolver(IASIO* that)
+: that_( that )
+{
+}
+
+// Implement IUnknown methods as assert(false). IASIOThiscallResolver is not
+// really a COM object, just a wrapper which will work with the ASIO SDK.
+// If you wanted to use ASIO without the SDK you might want to implement COM
+// aggregation in these methods.
+HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE IASIOThiscallResolver::QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void **ppv)
+{
+    (void)riid;     // suppress unused variable warning
+
+    assert( false ); // this function should never be called by the ASIO SDK.
+
+    *ppv = NULL;
+    return E_NOINTERFACE;
+}
+
+ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE IASIOThiscallResolver::AddRef()
+{
+    assert( false ); // this function should never be called by the ASIO SDK.
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE IASIOThiscallResolver::Release()
+{
+    assert( false ); // this function should never be called by the ASIO SDK.
+    
+    return 1;
+}
+
+
+// Implement the IASIO interface methods by performing the vptr manipulation
+// described above then delegating to the real implementation.
+ASIOBool IASIOThiscallResolver::init(void *sysHandle)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_1( result, that_, 12, sysHandle );
+    return result;
+}
+
+void IASIOThiscallResolver::getDriverName(char *name)
+{
+    CALL_VOID_THISCALL_1( that_, 16, name );
+}
+
+long IASIOThiscallResolver::getDriverVersion()
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_0( result, that_, 20 );
+    return result;
+}
+
+void IASIOThiscallResolver::getErrorMessage(char *string)
+{
+     CALL_VOID_THISCALL_1( that_, 24, string );
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::start()
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_0( result, that_, 28 );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::stop()
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_0( result, that_, 32 );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getChannels(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_2( result, that_, 36, numInputChannels, numOutputChannels );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getLatencies(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_2( result, that_, 40, inputLatency, outputLatency );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getBufferSize(long *minSize, long *maxSize,
+        long *preferredSize, long *granularity)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_4( result, that_, 44, minSize, maxSize, preferredSize, granularity );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::canSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_1_DOUBLE( result, that_, 48, sampleRate );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate *sampleRate)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_1( result, that_, 52, sampleRate );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::setSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate)
+{    
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_1_DOUBLE( result, that_, 56, sampleRate );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getClockSources(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_2( result, that_, 60, clocks, numSources );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::setClockSource(long reference)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_1( result, that_, 64, reference );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getSamplePosition(ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_2( result, that_, 68, sPos, tStamp );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getChannelInfo(ASIOChannelInfo *info)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_1( result, that_, 72, info );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::createBuffers(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos,
+        long numChannels, long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_4( result, that_, 76, bufferInfos, numChannels, bufferSize, callbacks );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::disposeBuffers()
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_0( result, that_, 80 );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::controlPanel()
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_0( result, that_, 84 );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::future(long selector,void *opt)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_2( result, that_, 88, selector, opt );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::outputReady()
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_0( result, that_, 92 );
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+// Implement our substitute ASIOInit() method
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::ASIOInit(ASIODriverInfo *info)
+{
+    // To ensure that our instance's vptr is correctly constructed, even if
+    // ASIOInit is called prior to main(), we explicitly call its constructor
+    // (potentially over the top of an existing instance). Note that this is
+    // pretty ugly, and is only safe because IASIOThiscallResolver has no
+    // destructor and contains no objects with destructors.
+    new((void*)&instance) IASIOThiscallResolver( theAsioDriver );
+
+    // Interpose between ASIO client code and the real driver.
+    theAsioDriver = &instance;
+
+    // Note that we never need to switch theAsioDriver back to point to the
+    // real driver because theAsioDriver is reset to zero in ASIOExit().
+
+    // Delegate to the real ASIOInit
+	return ::ASIOInit(info);
+}
+
+
+#endif /* !defined(_MSC_VER) */
+
+#endif /* Win32 */
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/iasiothiscallresolver.h b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/iasiothiscallresolver.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..21d53b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/iasiothiscallresolver.h
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+// ****************************************************************************
+// File:			IASIOThiscallResolver.h
+// Description:     The IASIOThiscallResolver class implements the IASIO
+//					interface and acts as a proxy to the real IASIO interface by
+//                  calling through its vptr table using the thiscall calling
+//                  convention. To put it another way, we interpose
+//                  IASIOThiscallResolver between ASIO SDK code and the driver.
+//                  This is necessary because most non-Microsoft compilers don't
+//                  implement the thiscall calling convention used by IASIO.
+//
+//					iasiothiscallresolver.cpp contains the background of this
+//					problem plus a technical description of the vptr
+//                  manipulations.
+//
+//					In order to use this mechanism one simply has to add
+//					iasiothiscallresolver.cpp to the list of files to compile
+//                  and #include <iasiothiscallresolver.h>
+//
+//					Note that this #include must come after the other ASIO SDK
+//                  #includes, for example:
+//
+//					#include <windows.h>
+//					#include <asiosys.h>
+//					#include <asio.h>
+//					#include <asiodrivers.h>
+//					#include <iasiothiscallresolver.h>
+//
+//					Actually the important thing is to #include
+//                  <iasiothiscallresolver.h> after <asio.h>. We have
+//                  incorporated a test to enforce this ordering.
+//
+//					The code transparently takes care of the interposition by
+//                  using macro substitution to intercept calls to ASIOInit()
+//                  and ASIOExit(). We save the original ASIO global
+//                  "theAsioDriver" in our "that" variable, and then set
+//                  "theAsioDriver" to equal our IASIOThiscallResolver instance.
+//
+// 					Whilst this method of resolving the thiscall problem requires
+//					the addition of #include <iasiothiscallresolver.h> to client
+//                  code it has the advantage that it does not break the terms
+//                  of the ASIO licence by publishing it. We are NOT modifying
+//                  any Steinberg code here, we are merely implementing the IASIO
+//					interface in the same way that we would need to do if we
+//					wished to provide an open source ASIO driver.
+//
+//					For compilation with MinGW -lole32 needs to be added to the
+//                  linker options. For BORLAND, linking with Import32.lib is
+//                  sufficient.
+//
+//					The dependencies are with: CoInitialize, CoUninitialize,
+//					CoCreateInstance, CLSIDFromString - used by asiolist.cpp
+//					and are required on Windows whether ThiscallResolver is used
+//					or not.
+//
+//					Searching for the above strings in the root library path
+//					of your compiler should enable the correct libraries to be
+//					identified if they aren't immediately obvious.
+//
+//                  Note that the current implementation of IASIOThiscallResolver
+//                  is not COM compliant - it does not correctly implement the
+//                  IUnknown interface. Implementing it is not necessary because
+//                  it is not called by parts of the ASIO SDK which call through
+//                  theAsioDriver ptr. The IUnknown methods are implemented as
+//                  assert(false) to ensure that the code fails if they are
+//                  ever called.
+// Restrictions:	None. Public Domain & Open Source distribute freely
+//					You may use IASIOThiscallResolver commercially as well as
+//                  privately.
+//					You the user assume the responsibility for the use of the
+//					files, binary or text, and there is no guarantee or warranty,
+//					expressed or implied, including but not limited to the
+//					implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a
+//					particular purpose. You assume all responsibility and agree
+//					to hold no entity, copyright holder or distributors liable
+//					for any loss of data or inaccurate representations of data
+//					as a result of using IASIOThiscallResolver.
+// Version:         1.4 Added separate macro CALL_THISCALL_1_DOUBLE from
+//                  Andrew Baldwin, and volatile for whole gcc asm blocks,
+//                  both for compatibility with newer gcc versions. Cleaned up
+//                  Borland asm to use one less register.
+//                  1.3 Switched to including assert.h for better compatibility.
+//                  Wrapped entire .h and .cpp contents with a check for
+//                  _MSC_VER to provide better compatibility with MS compilers.
+//                  Changed Singleton implementation to use static instance
+//                  instead of freestore allocated instance. Removed ASIOExit
+//                  macro as it is no longer needed.
+//                  1.2 Removed semicolons from ASIOInit and ASIOExit macros to
+//                  allow them to be embedded in expressions (if statements).
+//                  Cleaned up some comments. Removed combase.c dependency (it
+//                  doesn't compile with BCB anyway) by stubbing IUnknown.
+//                  1.1 Incorporated comments from Ross Bencina including things
+//					such as changing name from ThiscallResolver to
+//					IASIOThiscallResolver, tidying up the constructor, fixing
+//					a bug in IASIOThiscallResolver::ASIOExit() and improving
+//					portability through the use of conditional compilation
+//					1.0 Initial working version.
+// Created:			6/09/2003
+// Authors:         Fraser Adams
+//                  Ross Bencina
+//                  Rene G. Ceballos
+//                  Martin Fay
+//                  Antti Silvast
+//                  Andrew Baldwin
+//
+// ****************************************************************************
+
+
+#ifndef included_iasiothiscallresolver_h
+#define included_iasiothiscallresolver_h
+
+// We only need IASIOThiscallResolver at all if we are on Win32. For other
+// platforms we simply bypass the IASIOThiscallResolver definition to allow us
+// to be safely #include'd whatever the platform to keep client code portable
+#if (defined(WIN32) || defined(_WIN32) || defined(__WIN32__)) && !defined(_WIN64)
+
+
+// If microsoft compiler we can call IASIO directly so IASIOThiscallResolver
+// is not used.
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
+
+
+// The following is in order to ensure that this header is only included after
+// the other ASIO headers (except for the case of iasiothiscallresolver.cpp).
+// We need to do this because IASIOThiscallResolver works by eclipsing the
+// original definition of ASIOInit() with a macro (see below).
+#if !defined(iasiothiscallresolver_sourcefile)
+	#if !defined(__ASIO_H)
+	#error iasiothiscallresolver.h must be included AFTER asio.h
+	#endif
+#endif
+
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <asiodrvr.h> /* From ASIO SDK */
+
+
+class IASIOThiscallResolver : public IASIO {
+private:
+	IASIO* that_; // Points to the real IASIO
+
+	static IASIOThiscallResolver instance; // Singleton instance
+
+	// Constructors - declared private so construction is limited to
+    // our Singleton instance
+    IASIOThiscallResolver();
+	IASIOThiscallResolver(IASIO* that);
+public:
+
+    // Methods from the IUnknown interface. We don't fully implement IUnknown
+    // because the ASIO SDK never calls these methods through theAsioDriver ptr.
+    // These methods are implemented as assert(false).
+    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void **ppv);
+    virtual ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE AddRef();
+    virtual ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE Release();
+
+    // Methods from the IASIO interface, implemented as forwarning calls to that.
+	virtual ASIOBool init(void *sysHandle);
+	virtual void getDriverName(char *name);
+	virtual long getDriverVersion();
+	virtual void getErrorMessage(char *string);
+	virtual ASIOError start();
+	virtual ASIOError stop();
+	virtual ASIOError getChannels(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels);
+	virtual ASIOError getLatencies(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency);
+	virtual ASIOError getBufferSize(long *minSize, long *maxSize, long *preferredSize, long *granularity);
+	virtual ASIOError canSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate);
+	virtual ASIOError getSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate *sampleRate);
+	virtual ASIOError setSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate);
+	virtual ASIOError getClockSources(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources);
+	virtual ASIOError setClockSource(long reference);
+	virtual ASIOError getSamplePosition(ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp);
+	virtual ASIOError getChannelInfo(ASIOChannelInfo *info);
+	virtual ASIOError createBuffers(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos, long numChannels, long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks);
+	virtual ASIOError disposeBuffers();
+	virtual ASIOError controlPanel();
+	virtual ASIOError future(long selector,void *opt);
+	virtual ASIOError outputReady();
+
+    // Class method, see ASIOInit() macro below.
+    static ASIOError ASIOInit(ASIODriverInfo *info); // Delegates to ::ASIOInit
+};
+
+
+// Replace calls to ASIOInit with our interposing version.
+// This macro enables us to perform thiscall resolution simply by #including
+// <iasiothiscallresolver.h> after the asio #includes (this file _must_ be
+// included _after_ the asio #includes)
+
+#define ASIOInit(name) IASIOThiscallResolver::ASIOInit((name))
+
+
+#endif /* !defined(_MSC_VER) */
+
+#endif /* Win32 */
+
+#endif /* included_iasiothiscallresolver_h */
+
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/pa_asio.cpp b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/pa_asio.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16448d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/hostapi/asio/pa_asio.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,4240 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library for ASIO Drivers
+ *
+ * Author: Stephane Letz
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 2000-2002 Stephane Letz, Phil Burk, Ross Bencina
+ * Blocking i/o implementation by Sven Fischer, Institute of Hearing
+ * Technology and Audiology (www.hoertechnik-audiologie.de)
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/* Modification History
+
+        08-03-01 First version : Stephane Letz
+        08-06-01 Tweaks for PC, use C++, buffer allocation, Float32 to Int32 conversion : Phil Burk
+        08-20-01 More conversion, PA_StreamTime, Pa_GetHostError : Stephane Letz
+        08-21-01 PaUInt8 bug correction, implementation of ASIOSTFloat32LSB and ASIOSTFloat32MSB native formats : Stephane Letz
+        08-24-01 MAX_INT32_FP hack, another Uint8 fix : Stephane and Phil
+        08-27-01 Implementation of hostBufferSize < userBufferSize case, better management of the output buffer when
+                 the stream is stopped : Stephane Letz
+        08-28-01 Check the stream pointer for null in bufferSwitchTimeInfo, correct bug in bufferSwitchTimeInfo when
+                 the stream is stopped : Stephane Letz
+        10-12-01 Correct the PaHost_CalcNumHostBuffers function: computes FramesPerHostBuffer to be the lowest that
+                 respect requested FramesPerUserBuffer and userBuffersPerHostBuffer : Stephane Letz
+        10-26-01 Management of hostBufferSize and userBufferSize of any size : Stephane Letz
+        10-27-01 Improve calculus of hostBufferSize to be multiple or divisor of userBufferSize if possible : Stephane and Phil
+        10-29-01 Change MAX_INT32_FP to (2147483520.0f) to prevent roundup to 0x80000000 : Phil Burk
+        10-31-01 Clear the output buffer and user buffers in PaHost_StartOutput, correct bug in GetFirstMultiple : Stephane Letz
+        11-06-01 Rename functions : Stephane Letz
+        11-08-01 New Pa_ASIO_Adaptor_Init function to init Callback adpatation variables, cleanup of Pa_ASIO_Callback_Input: Stephane Letz
+        11-29-01 Break apart device loading to debug random failure in Pa_ASIO_QueryDeviceInfo ; Phil Burk
+        01-03-02 Deallocate all resources in PaHost_Term for cases where Pa_CloseStream is not called properly :  Stephane Letz
+        02-01-02 Cleanup, test of multiple-stream opening : Stephane Letz
+        19-02-02 New Pa_ASIO_loadDriver that calls CoInitialize on each thread on Windows : Stephane Letz
+        09-04-02 Correct error code management in PaHost_Term, removes various compiler warning : Stephane Letz
+        12-04-02 Add Mac includes for <Devices.h> and <Timer.h> : Phil Burk
+        13-04-02 Removes another compiler warning : Stephane Letz
+        30-04-02 Pa_ASIO_QueryDeviceInfo bug correction, memory allocation checking, better error handling : D Viens, P Burk, S Letz
+        12-06-02 Rehashed into new multi-api infrastructure, added support for all ASIO sample formats : Ross Bencina
+        18-06-02 Added pa_asio.h, PaAsio_GetAvailableLatencyValues() : Ross B.
+        21-06-02 Added SelectHostBufferSize() which selects host buffer size based on user latency parameters : Ross Bencina
+        ** NOTE  maintenance history is now stored in CVS **
+*/
+
+/** @file
+    @ingroup hostapi_src
+
+    Note that specific support for paInputUnderflow, paOutputOverflow and
+    paNeverDropInput is not necessary or possible with this driver due to the
+    synchronous full duplex double-buffered architecture of ASIO.
+*/
+
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+//#include <values.h>
+#include <new>
+
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <mmsystem.h>
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_asio.h"
+#include "pa_util.h"
+#include "pa_allocation.h"
+#include "pa_hostapi.h"
+#include "pa_stream.h"
+#include "pa_cpuload.h"
+#include "pa_process.h"
+#include "pa_debugprint.h"
+#include "pa_ringbuffer.h"
+
+#include "pa_win_coinitialize.h"
+#include "pa_win_util.h"
+
+/* This version of pa_asio.cpp is currently only targeted at Win32,
+   It would require a few tweaks to work with pre-OS X Macintosh.
+   To make configuration easier, we define WIN32 here to make sure
+   that the ASIO SDK knows this is Win32.
+*/
+#ifndef WIN32
+#define WIN32
+#endif
+
+#include "asiosys.h"
+#include "asio.h"
+#include "asiodrivers.h"
+#include "iasiothiscallresolver.h"
+
+/*
+#if MAC
+#include <Devices.h>
+#include <Timer.h>
+#include <Math64.h>
+#else
+*/
+/*
+#include <math.h>
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <mmsystem.h>
+*/
+/*
+#endif
+*/
+
+
+/* winmm.lib is needed for timeGetTime() (this is in winmm.a if you're using gcc) */
+#if (defined(WIN32) && (defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1200))) /* MSC version 6 and above */
+#pragma comment(lib, "winmm.lib")
+#endif
+
+
+/* external reference to ASIO SDK's asioDrivers.
+
+ This is a bit messy because we want to explicitly manage
+ allocation/deallocation of this structure, but some layers of the SDK
+ which we currently use (eg the implementation in asio.cpp) still
+ use this global version.
+
+ For now we keep it in sync with our local instance in the host
+ API representation structure, but later we should be able to remove
+ all dependence on it.
+*/
+extern AsioDrivers* asioDrivers;
+
+
+/* We are trying to be compatible with CARBON but this has not been thoroughly tested. */
+/* not tested at all since new V19 code was introduced. */
+#define CARBON_COMPATIBLE  (0)
+
+
+/* prototypes for functions declared in this file */
+
+extern "C" PaError PaAsio_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex hostApiIndex );
+static void Terminate( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi );
+static PaError OpenStream( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                           PaStream** s,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                           double sampleRate,
+                           unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                           PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                           PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                           void *userData );
+static PaError IsFormatSupported( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                  double sampleRate );
+static PaError CloseStream( PaStream* stream );
+static PaError StartStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError StopStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError AbortStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError IsStreamStopped( PaStream *s );
+static PaError IsStreamActive( PaStream *stream );
+static PaTime GetStreamTime( PaStream *stream );
+static double GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream* stream );
+static PaError ReadStream( PaStream* stream, void *buffer, unsigned long frames );
+static PaError WriteStream( PaStream* stream, const void *buffer, unsigned long frames );
+static signed long GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream* stream );
+static signed long GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream* stream );
+
+/* Blocking i/o callback function. */
+static int BlockingIoPaCallback(const void                     *inputBuffer    ,
+                                      void                     *outputBuffer   ,
+                                      unsigned long             framesPerBuffer,
+                                const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo *timeInfo       ,
+                                      PaStreamCallbackFlags     statusFlags    ,
+                                      void                     *userData       );
+
+/* our ASIO callback functions */
+
+static void bufferSwitch(long index, ASIOBool processNow);
+static ASIOTime *bufferSwitchTimeInfo(ASIOTime *timeInfo, long index, ASIOBool processNow);
+static void sampleRateChanged(ASIOSampleRate sRate);
+static long asioMessages(long selector, long value, void* message, double* opt);
+
+static ASIOCallbacks asioCallbacks_ =
+    { bufferSwitch, sampleRateChanged, asioMessages, bufferSwitchTimeInfo };
+
+
+#define PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_HOST_ERROR( errorCode, errorText ) \
+    PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( paASIO, errorCode, errorText )
+
+
+static void PaAsio_SetLastSystemError( DWORD errorCode )
+{
+    PaWinUtil_SetLastSystemErrorInfo( paASIO, errorCode );
+}
+
+#define PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( errorCode ) \
+    PaAsio_SetLastSystemError( errorCode )
+
+
+static const char* PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText( ASIOError asioError )
+{
+    const char *result;
+
+    switch( asioError ){
+        case ASE_OK:
+        case ASE_SUCCESS:           result = "Success"; break;
+        case ASE_NotPresent:        result = "Hardware input or output is not present or available"; break;
+        case ASE_HWMalfunction:     result = "Hardware is malfunctioning"; break;
+        case ASE_InvalidParameter:  result = "Input parameter invalid"; break;
+        case ASE_InvalidMode:       result = "Hardware is in a bad mode or used in a bad mode"; break;
+        case ASE_SPNotAdvancing:    result = "Hardware is not running when sample position is inquired"; break;
+        case ASE_NoClock:           result = "Sample clock or rate cannot be determined or is not present"; break;
+        case ASE_NoMemory:          result = "Not enough memory for completing the request"; break;
+        default:                    result = "Unknown ASIO error"; break;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+#define PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError ) \
+    PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( paASIO, asioError, PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText( asioError ) )
+
+
+
+
+// Atomic increment and decrement operations
+#if MAC
+    /* need to be implemented on Mac */
+    inline long PaAsio_AtomicIncrement(volatile long* v) {return ++(*const_cast<long*>(v));}
+    inline long PaAsio_AtomicDecrement(volatile long* v) {return --(*const_cast<long*>(v));}
+#elif WINDOWS
+    inline long PaAsio_AtomicIncrement(volatile long* v) {return InterlockedIncrement(const_cast<long*>(v));}
+    inline long PaAsio_AtomicDecrement(volatile long* v) {return InterlockedDecrement(const_cast<long*>(v));}
+#endif
+
+
+
+typedef struct PaAsioDriverInfo
+{
+    ASIODriverInfo asioDriverInfo;
+    long inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount;
+    long bufferMinSize, bufferMaxSize, bufferPreferredSize, bufferGranularity;
+    bool postOutput;
+}
+PaAsioDriverInfo;
+
+
+/* PaAsioHostApiRepresentation - host api datastructure specific to this implementation */
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation inheritedHostApiRep;
+    PaUtilStreamInterface callbackStreamInterface;
+    PaUtilStreamInterface blockingStreamInterface;
+
+    PaUtilAllocationGroup *allocations;
+
+    PaWinUtilComInitializationResult comInitializationResult;
+
+    AsioDrivers *asioDrivers;
+    void *systemSpecific;
+
+    /* the ASIO C API only allows one ASIO driver to be open at a time,
+        so we keep track of whether we have the driver open here, and
+        use this information to return errors from OpenStream if the
+        driver is already open.
+
+        openAsioDeviceIndex will be PaNoDevice if there is no device open
+        and a valid pa_asio (not global) device index otherwise.
+
+        openAsioDriverInfo is populated with the driver info for the
+        currently open device (if any)
+    */
+    PaDeviceIndex openAsioDeviceIndex;
+    PaAsioDriverInfo openAsioDriverInfo;
+}
+PaAsioHostApiRepresentation;
+
+
+/*
+    Retrieve <driverCount> driver names from ASIO, returned in a char**
+    allocated in <group>.
+*/
+static char **GetAsioDriverNames( PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi, PaUtilAllocationGroup *group, long driverCount )
+{
+    char **result = 0;
+    int i;
+
+    result =(char**)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+            group, sizeof(char*) * driverCount );
+    if( !result )
+        goto error;
+
+    result[0] = (char*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+            group, 32 * driverCount );
+    if( !result[0] )
+        goto error;
+
+    for( i=0; i<driverCount; ++i )
+        result[i] = result[0] + (32 * i);
+
+    asioHostApi->asioDrivers->getDriverNames( result, driverCount );
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaSampleFormat AsioSampleTypeToPaNativeSampleFormat(ASIOSampleType type)
+{
+    switch (type) {
+        case ASIOSTInt16MSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt16LSB:
+                return paInt16;
+
+        case ASIOSTFloat32MSB:
+        case ASIOSTFloat32LSB:
+        case ASIOSTFloat64MSB:
+        case ASIOSTFloat64LSB:
+                return paFloat32;
+
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB16:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB16:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB18:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB20:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB24:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB18:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB20:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB24:
+                return paInt32;
+
+        case ASIOSTInt24MSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt24LSB:
+                return paInt24;
+
+        default:
+                return paCustomFormat;
+    }
+}
+
+void AsioSampleTypeLOG(ASIOSampleType type)
+{
+    switch (type) {
+        case ASIOSTInt16MSB:  PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt16MSB\n"));  break;
+        case ASIOSTInt16LSB:  PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt16LSB\n"));  break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat32MSB:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTFloat32MSB\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat32LSB:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTFloat32LSB\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat64MSB:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTFloat64MSB\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat64LSB:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTFloat64LSB\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB:  PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32MSB\n"));  break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB:  PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32LSB\n"));  break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB16:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32MSB16\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB16:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32LSB16\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB18:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32MSB18\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB20:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32MSB20\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB24:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32MSB24\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB18:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32LSB18\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB20:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32LSB20\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB24:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32LSB24\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt24MSB:  PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt24MSB\n"));  break;
+        case ASIOSTInt24LSB:  PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt24LSB\n"));  break;
+        default:              PA_DEBUG(("Custom Format%d\n",type));break;
+
+    }
+}
+
+static int BytesPerAsioSample( ASIOSampleType sampleType )
+{
+    switch (sampleType) {
+        case ASIOSTInt16MSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt16LSB:
+            return 2;
+
+        case ASIOSTFloat64MSB:
+        case ASIOSTFloat64LSB:
+            return 8;
+
+        case ASIOSTFloat32MSB:
+        case ASIOSTFloat32LSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB16:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB16:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB18:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB20:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB24:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB18:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB20:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB24:
+            return 4;
+
+        case ASIOSTInt24MSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt24LSB:
+            return 3;
+
+        default:
+            return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void Swap16( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned short *p = (unsigned short*)buffer;
+    unsigned short temp;
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p;
+        *p++ = (unsigned short)((temp<<8) | (temp>>8));
+    }
+}
+
+static void Swap24( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned char *p = (unsigned char*)buffer;
+    unsigned char temp;
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p;
+        *p = *(p+2);
+        *(p+2) = temp;
+        p += 3;
+    }
+}
+
+#define PA_SWAP32_( x ) ((x>>24) | ((x>>8)&0xFF00) | ((x<<8)&0xFF0000) | (x<<24));
+
+static void Swap32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned long *p = (unsigned long*)buffer;
+    unsigned long temp;
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p;
+        *p++ = PA_SWAP32_( temp);
+    }
+}
+
+static void SwapShiftLeft32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned long *p = (unsigned long*)buffer;
+    unsigned long temp;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p;
+        temp = PA_SWAP32_( temp);
+        *p++ = temp << shift;
+    }
+}
+
+static void ShiftRightSwap32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned long *p = (unsigned long*)buffer;
+    unsigned long temp;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p >> shift;
+        *p++ = PA_SWAP32_( temp);
+    }
+}
+
+static void ShiftLeft32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned long *p = (unsigned long*)buffer;
+    unsigned long temp;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p;
+        *p++ = temp << shift;
+    }
+}
+
+static void ShiftRight32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned long *p = (unsigned long*)buffer;
+    unsigned long temp;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p;
+        *p++ = temp >> shift;
+    }
+}
+
+#define PA_SWAP_( x, y ) temp=x; x = y; y = temp;
+
+static void Swap64ConvertFloat64ToFloat32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    double *in = (double*)buffer;
+    float *out = (float*)buffer;
+    unsigned char *p;
+    unsigned char temp;
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        p = (unsigned char*)in;
+        PA_SWAP_( p[0], p[7] );
+        PA_SWAP_( p[1], p[6] );
+        PA_SWAP_( p[2], p[5] );
+        PA_SWAP_( p[3], p[4] );
+
+        *out++ = (float) (*in++);
+    }
+}
+
+static void ConvertFloat64ToFloat32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    double *in = (double*)buffer;
+    float *out = (float*)buffer;
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+        *out++ = (float) (*in++);
+}
+
+static void ConvertFloat32ToFloat64Swap64( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    float *in = ((float*)buffer) + (count-1);
+    double *out = ((double*)buffer) + (count-1);
+    unsigned char *p;
+    unsigned char temp;
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        *out = *in--;
+
+        p = (unsigned char*)out;
+        PA_SWAP_( p[0], p[7] );
+        PA_SWAP_( p[1], p[6] );
+        PA_SWAP_( p[2], p[5] );
+        PA_SWAP_( p[3], p[4] );
+
+        out--;
+    }
+}
+
+static void ConvertFloat32ToFloat64( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    float *in = ((float*)buffer) + (count-1);
+    double *out = ((double*)buffer) + (count-1);
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+        *out-- = *in--;
+}
+
+#ifdef MAC
+#define PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+#undef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+#endif
+
+#ifdef WINDOWS
+#undef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+#define PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+#endif
+
+typedef void PaAsioBufferConverter( void *, long, long );
+
+static void SelectAsioToPaConverter( ASIOSampleType type, PaAsioBufferConverter **converter, long *shift )
+{
+    *shift = 0;
+    *converter = 0;
+
+    switch (type) {
+        case ASIOSTInt16MSB:
+            /* dest: paInt16, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap16;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt16LSB:
+            /* dest: paInt16, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap16;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat32MSB:
+            /* dest: paFloat32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat32LSB:
+            /* dest: paFloat32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat64MSB:
+            /* dest: paFloat32, in-place conversion to/from float32, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap64ConvertFloat64ToFloat32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ConvertFloat64ToFloat32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat64LSB:
+            /* dest: paFloat32, in-place conversion to/from float32, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap64ConvertFloat64ToFloat32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ConvertFloat64ToFloat32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB:
+            /* dest: paInt32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB:
+            /* dest: paInt32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB16:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 16 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 16;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB18:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 14 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 14;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB20:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 12 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 12;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB24:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 8 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 8;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB16:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 16 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 16;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB18:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 14 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 14;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB20:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 12 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 12;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB24:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 8 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 8;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt24MSB:
+            /* dest: paInt24, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap24;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt24LSB:
+            /* dest: paInt24, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap24;
+            #endif
+            break;
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void SelectPaToAsioConverter( ASIOSampleType type, PaAsioBufferConverter **converter, long *shift )
+{
+    *shift = 0;
+    *converter = 0;
+
+    switch (type) {
+        case ASIOSTInt16MSB:
+            /* src: paInt16, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap16;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt16LSB:
+            /* src: paInt16, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap16;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat32MSB:
+            /* src: paFloat32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat32LSB:
+            /* src: paFloat32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat64MSB:
+            /* src: paFloat32, in-place conversion to/from float32, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ConvertFloat32ToFloat64Swap64;
+            #else
+                *converter = ConvertFloat32ToFloat64;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat64LSB:
+            /* src: paFloat32, in-place conversion to/from float32, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ConvertFloat32ToFloat64Swap64;
+            #else
+                *converter = ConvertFloat32ToFloat64;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB:
+            /* src: paInt32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB:
+            /* src: paInt32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB16:
+            /* src: paInt32, 16 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 16;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB18:
+            /* src: paInt32, 14 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 14;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB20:
+            /* src: paInt32, 12 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 12;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB24:
+            /* src: paInt32, 8 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 8;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB16:
+            /* src: paInt32, 16 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 16;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB18:
+            /* src: paInt32, 14 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 14;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB20:
+            /* src: paInt32, 12 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 12;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB24:
+            /* src: paInt32, 8 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 8;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt24MSB:
+            /* src: paInt24, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap24;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt24LSB:
+            /* src: paInt24, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap24;
+            #endif
+            break;
+    }
+}
+
+
+typedef struct PaAsioDeviceInfo
+{
+    PaDeviceInfo commonDeviceInfo;
+    long minBufferSize;
+    long maxBufferSize;
+    long preferredBufferSize;
+    long bufferGranularity;
+
+    ASIOChannelInfo *asioChannelInfos;
+}
+PaAsioDeviceInfo;
+
+
+PaError PaAsio_GetAvailableBufferSizes( PaDeviceIndex device,
+        long *minBufferSizeFrames, long *maxBufferSizeFrames, long *preferredBufferSizeFrames, long *granularity )
+{
+    PaError result;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi;
+    PaDeviceIndex hostApiDevice;
+
+    result = PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( &hostApi, paASIO );
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+    {
+        result = PaUtil_DeviceIndexToHostApiDeviceIndex( &hostApiDevice, device, hostApi );
+
+        if( result == paNoError )
+        {
+            PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo =
+                    (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[hostApiDevice];
+
+            *minBufferSizeFrames = asioDeviceInfo->minBufferSize;
+            *maxBufferSizeFrames = asioDeviceInfo->maxBufferSize;
+            *preferredBufferSizeFrames = asioDeviceInfo->preferredBufferSize;
+            *granularity = asioDeviceInfo->bufferGranularity;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/* Unload whatever we loaded in LoadAsioDriver().
+*/
+static void UnloadAsioDriver( void )
+{
+    ASIOExit();
+}
+
+/*
+    load the asio driver named by <driverName> and return statistics about
+    the driver in info. If no error occurred, the driver will remain open
+    and must be closed by the called by calling UnloadAsioDriver() - if an error
+    is returned the driver will already be unloaded.
+*/
+static PaError LoadAsioDriver( PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi, const char *driverName,
+        PaAsioDriverInfo *driverInfo, void *systemSpecific )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+    int asioIsInitialized = 0;
+
+    if( !asioHostApi->asioDrivers->loadDriver( const_cast<char*>(driverName) ) )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_HOST_ERROR( 0, "Failed to load ASIO driver" );
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    memset( &driverInfo->asioDriverInfo, 0, sizeof(ASIODriverInfo) );
+    driverInfo->asioDriverInfo.asioVersion = 2;
+    driverInfo->asioDriverInfo.sysRef = systemSpecific;
+    if( (asioError = ASIOInit( &driverInfo->asioDriverInfo )) != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        goto error;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        asioIsInitialized = 1;
+    }
+
+    if( (asioError = ASIOGetChannels(&driverInfo->inputChannelCount,
+            &driverInfo->outputChannelCount)) != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    if( (asioError = ASIOGetBufferSize(&driverInfo->bufferMinSize,
+            &driverInfo->bufferMaxSize, &driverInfo->bufferPreferredSize,
+            &driverInfo->bufferGranularity)) != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    if( ASIOOutputReady() == ASE_OK )
+        driverInfo->postOutput = true;
+    else
+        driverInfo->postOutput = false;
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    if( asioIsInitialized )
+    {
+        ASIOExit();
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+#define PA_DEFAULTSAMPLERATESEARCHORDER_COUNT_     13   /* must be the same number of elements as in the array below */
+static ASIOSampleRate defaultSampleRateSearchOrder_[]
+     = {44100.0, 48000.0, 32000.0, 24000.0, 22050.0, 88200.0, 96000.0,
+        192000.0, 16000.0, 12000.0, 11025.0, 9600.0, 8000.0 };
+
+
+static PaError InitPaDeviceInfoFromAsioDriver( PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi,
+        const char *driverName, int driverIndex,
+        PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo, PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    /* Due to the headless design of the ASIO API, drivers are free to write over data given to them (like M-Audio
+       drivers f.i.). This is an attempt to overcome that. */
+    union _tag_local {
+        PaAsioDriverInfo info;
+        char _padding[4096];
+    } paAsioDriver;
+
+    asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos = 0; /* we check this below to handle error cleanup */
+
+    result = LoadAsioDriver( asioHostApi, driverName, &paAsioDriver.info, asioHostApi->systemSpecific );
+    if( result == paNoError )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d name = %s\n",  driverIndex,deviceInfo->name));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d inputChannels       = %d\n", driverIndex, paAsioDriver.info.inputChannelCount));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d outputChannels      = %d\n", driverIndex, paAsioDriver.info.outputChannelCount));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d bufferMinSize       = %d\n", driverIndex, paAsioDriver.info.bufferMinSize));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d bufferMaxSize       = %d\n", driverIndex, paAsioDriver.info.bufferMaxSize));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d bufferPreferredSize = %d\n", driverIndex, paAsioDriver.info.bufferPreferredSize));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d bufferGranularity   = %d\n", driverIndex, paAsioDriver.info.bufferGranularity));
+
+        deviceInfo->maxInputChannels  = paAsioDriver.info.inputChannelCount;
+        deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels = paAsioDriver.info.outputChannelCount;
+
+        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 0.;
+        bool foundDefaultSampleRate = false;
+        for( int j=0; j < PA_DEFAULTSAMPLERATESEARCHORDER_COUNT_; ++j )
+        {
+            ASIOError asioError = ASIOCanSampleRate( defaultSampleRateSearchOrder_[j] );
+            if( asioError != ASE_NoClock && asioError != ASE_NotPresent )
+            {
+                deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = defaultSampleRateSearchOrder_[j];
+                foundDefaultSampleRate = true;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d defaultSampleRate = %f\n", driverIndex, deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate));
+
+        if( foundDefaultSampleRate ){
+
+            /* calculate default latency values from bufferPreferredSize
+                for default low latency, and bufferMaxSize
+                for default high latency.
+                use the default sample rate to convert from samples to
+                seconds. Without knowing what sample rate the user will
+                use this is the best we can do.
+            */
+
+            double defaultLowLatency =
+                    paAsioDriver.info.bufferPreferredSize / deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate;
+
+            deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency = defaultLowLatency;
+            deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency = defaultLowLatency;
+
+            double defaultHighLatency =
+                    paAsioDriver.info.bufferMaxSize / deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate;
+
+            if( defaultHighLatency < defaultLowLatency )
+                defaultHighLatency = defaultLowLatency; /* just in case the driver returns something strange */
+
+            deviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency = defaultHighLatency;
+            deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency = defaultHighLatency;
+
+        }else{
+
+            deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency = 0.;
+            deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency = 0.;
+            deviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency = 0.;
+            deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency = 0.;
+        }
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d defaultLowInputLatency = %f\n", driverIndex, deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d defaultLowOutputLatency = %f\n", driverIndex, deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d defaultHighInputLatency = %f\n", driverIndex, deviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d defaultHighOutputLatency = %f\n", driverIndex, deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency));
+
+        asioDeviceInfo->minBufferSize = paAsioDriver.info.bufferMinSize;
+        asioDeviceInfo->maxBufferSize = paAsioDriver.info.bufferMaxSize;
+        asioDeviceInfo->preferredBufferSize = paAsioDriver.info.bufferPreferredSize;
+        asioDeviceInfo->bufferGranularity = paAsioDriver.info.bufferGranularity;
+
+
+        asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos = (ASIOChannelInfo*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                asioHostApi->allocations,
+                sizeof(ASIOChannelInfo) * (deviceInfo->maxInputChannels
+                        + deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels) );
+        if( !asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error_unload;
+        }
+
+        int a;
+
+        for( a=0; a < deviceInfo->maxInputChannels; ++a ){
+            asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[a].channel = a;
+            asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[a].isInput = ASIOTrue;
+            ASIOError asioError = ASIOGetChannelInfo( &asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[a] );
+            if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+                goto error_unload;
+            }
+        }
+
+        for( a=0; a < deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels; ++a ){
+            int b = deviceInfo->maxInputChannels + a;
+            asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[b].channel = a;
+            asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[b].isInput = ASIOFalse;
+            ASIOError asioError = ASIOGetChannelInfo( &asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[b] );
+            if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+                goto error_unload;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* unload the driver */
+        UnloadAsioDriver();
+    }
+
+    return result;
+
+error_unload:
+    UnloadAsioDriver();
+
+    if( asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos ){
+        PaUtil_GroupFreeMemory( asioHostApi->allocations, asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos );
+        asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos = 0;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/* we look up IsDebuggerPresent at runtime incase it isn't present (on Win95 for example) */
+typedef BOOL (WINAPI *IsDebuggerPresentPtr)(VOID);
+IsDebuggerPresentPtr IsDebuggerPresent_ = 0;
+//FARPROC IsDebuggerPresent_ = 0; // this is the current way to do it apparently according to davidv
+
+PaError PaAsio_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex hostApiIndex )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    int i, driverCount;
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi;
+    PaAsioDeviceInfo *deviceInfoArray;
+    char **names;
+    asioHostApi = (PaAsioHostApiRepresentation*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaAsioHostApiRepresentation) );
+    if( !asioHostApi )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    memset( asioHostApi, 0, sizeof(PaAsioHostApiRepresentation) ); /* ensure all fields are zeroed. especially asioHostApi->allocations */
+
+    /*
+        We initialize COM ourselves here and uninitialize it in Terminate().
+        This should be the only COM initialization needed in this module.
+
+        The ASIO SDK may also initialize COM but since we want to reduce dependency
+        on the ASIO SDK we manage COM initialization ourselves.
+
+        There used to be code that initialized COM in other situations
+        such as when creating a Stream. This made PA work when calling Pa_CreateStream
+        from a non-main thread. However we currently consider initialization
+        of COM in non-main threads to be the caller's responsibility.
+    */
+    result = PaWinUtil_CoInitialize( paASIO, &asioHostApi->comInitializationResult );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+    {
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    asioHostApi->asioDrivers = 0; /* avoid surprises in our error handler below */
+
+    asioHostApi->allocations = PaUtil_CreateAllocationGroup();
+    if( !asioHostApi->allocations )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* Allocate the AsioDrivers() driver list (class from ASIO SDK) */
+    try
+    {
+        asioHostApi->asioDrivers = new AsioDrivers(); /* invokes CoInitialize(0) in AsioDriverList::AsioDriverList */
+    }
+    catch (std::bad_alloc)
+    {
+        asioHostApi->asioDrivers = 0;
+    }
+    /* some implementations of new (ie MSVC, see http://support.microsoft.com/?kbid=167733)
+       don't throw std::bad_alloc, so we also explicitly test for a null return. */
+    if( asioHostApi->asioDrivers == 0 )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    asioDrivers = asioHostApi->asioDrivers; /* keep SDK global in sync until we stop depending on it */
+
+    asioHostApi->systemSpecific = 0;
+    asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex = paNoDevice;
+
+    *hostApi = &asioHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep;
+    (*hostApi)->info.structVersion = 1;
+
+    (*hostApi)->info.type = paASIO;
+    (*hostApi)->info.name = "ASIO";
+    (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount = 0;
+
+    #ifdef WINDOWS
+        /* use desktop window as system specific ptr */
+        asioHostApi->systemSpecific = GetDesktopWindow();
+    #endif
+
+    /* driverCount is the number of installed drivers - not necessarily
+        the number of installed physical devices. */
+    #if MAC
+        driverCount = asioHostApi->asioDrivers->getNumFragments();
+    #elif WINDOWS
+        driverCount = asioHostApi->asioDrivers->asioGetNumDev();
+    #endif
+
+    if( driverCount > 0 )
+    {
+        names = GetAsioDriverNames( asioHostApi, asioHostApi->allocations, driverCount );
+        if( !names )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+
+        /* allocate enough space for all drivers, even if some aren't installed */
+
+        (*hostApi)->deviceInfos = (PaDeviceInfo**)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                asioHostApi->allocations, sizeof(PaDeviceInfo*) * driverCount );
+        if( !(*hostApi)->deviceInfos )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* allocate all device info structs in a contiguous block */
+        deviceInfoArray = (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                asioHostApi->allocations, sizeof(PaAsioDeviceInfo) * driverCount );
+        if( !deviceInfoArray )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        IsDebuggerPresent_ = (IsDebuggerPresentPtr)GetProcAddress( LoadLibraryA( "Kernel32.dll" ), "IsDebuggerPresent" );
+
+        for( i=0; i < driverCount; ++i )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("ASIO names[%d]:%s\n",i,names[i]));
+
+            // Since portaudio opens ALL ASIO drivers, and no one else does that,
+            // we face fact that some drivers were not meant for it, drivers which act
+            // like shells on top of REAL drivers, for instance.
+            // so we get duplicate handles, locks and other problems.
+            // so lets NOT try to load any such wrappers.
+            // The ones i [davidv] know of so far are:
+
+            if (   strcmp (names[i],"ASIO DirectX Full Duplex Driver") == 0
+                || strcmp (names[i],"ASIO Multimedia Driver")          == 0
+                || strncmp(names[i],"Premiere",8)                      == 0   //"Premiere Elements Windows Sound 1.0"
+                || strncmp(names[i],"Adobe",5)                         == 0   //"Adobe Default Windows Sound 1.5"
+               )
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("BLACKLISTED!!!\n"));
+                continue;
+            }
+
+
+            if( IsDebuggerPresent_ && IsDebuggerPresent_() )
+            {
+                /* ASIO Digidesign Driver uses PACE copy protection which quits out
+                   if a debugger is running. So we don't load it if a debugger is running. */
+                if( strcmp(names[i], "ASIO Digidesign Driver") == 0 )
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("BLACKLISTED!!! ASIO Digidesign Driver would quit the debugger\n"));
+                    continue;
+                }
+            }
+
+
+            /* Attempt to init device info from the asio driver... */
+            {
+                PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo = &deviceInfoArray[ (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount ];
+                PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo = &asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo;
+
+                deviceInfo->structVersion = 2;
+                deviceInfo->hostApi = hostApiIndex;
+
+                deviceInfo->name = names[i];
+
+                if( InitPaDeviceInfoFromAsioDriver( asioHostApi, names[i], i, deviceInfo, asioDeviceInfo ) == paNoError )
+                {
+                    (*hostApi)->deviceInfos[ (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount ] = deviceInfo;
+                    ++(*hostApi)->info.deviceCount;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("Skipping ASIO device:%s\n",names[i]));
+                    continue;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount > 0 )
+    {
+        (*hostApi)->info.defaultInputDevice = 0;
+        (*hostApi)->info.defaultOutputDevice = 0;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        (*hostApi)->info.defaultInputDevice = paNoDevice;
+        (*hostApi)->info.defaultOutputDevice = paNoDevice;
+    }
+
+
+    (*hostApi)->Terminate = Terminate;
+    (*hostApi)->OpenStream = OpenStream;
+    (*hostApi)->IsFormatSupported = IsFormatSupported;
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( &asioHostApi->callbackStreamInterface, CloseStream, StartStream,
+                                      StopStream, AbortStream, IsStreamStopped, IsStreamActive,
+                                      GetStreamTime, GetStreamCpuLoad,
+                                      PaUtil_DummyRead, PaUtil_DummyWrite,
+                                      PaUtil_DummyGetReadAvailable, PaUtil_DummyGetWriteAvailable );
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( &asioHostApi->blockingStreamInterface, CloseStream, StartStream,
+                                      StopStream, AbortStream, IsStreamStopped, IsStreamActive,
+                                      GetStreamTime, PaUtil_DummyGetCpuLoad,
+                                      ReadStream, WriteStream, GetStreamReadAvailable, GetStreamWriteAvailable );
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    if( asioHostApi )
+    {
+        if( asioHostApi->allocations )
+        {
+            PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations( asioHostApi->allocations );
+            PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup( asioHostApi->allocations );
+        }
+
+        delete asioHostApi->asioDrivers;
+        asioDrivers = 0; /* keep SDK global in sync until we stop depending on it */
+
+        PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize( paASIO, &asioHostApi->comInitializationResult );
+
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( asioHostApi );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static void Terminate( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi )
+{
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi = (PaAsioHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+
+    /*
+        IMPLEMENT ME:
+            - clean up any resources not handled by the allocation group (need to review if there are any)
+    */
+
+    if( asioHostApi->allocations )
+    {
+        PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations( asioHostApi->allocations );
+        PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup( asioHostApi->allocations );
+    }
+
+    delete asioHostApi->asioDrivers;
+    asioDrivers = 0; /* keep SDK global in sync until we stop depending on it */
+
+    PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize( paASIO, &asioHostApi->comInitializationResult );
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( asioHostApi );
+}
+
+
+static PaError IsFormatSupported( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                  double sampleRate )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi = (PaAsioHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    PaAsioDriverInfo *driverInfo = &asioHostApi->openAsioDriverInfo;
+    int inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount;
+    PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat, outputSampleFormat;
+    PaDeviceIndex asioDeviceIndex;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+
+    if( inputParameters && outputParameters )
+    {
+        /* full duplex ASIO stream must use the same device for input and output */
+
+        if( inputParameters->device != outputParameters->device )
+            return paBadIODeviceCombination;
+    }
+
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = inputParameters->channelCount;
+        inputSampleFormat = inputParameters->sampleFormat;
+
+        /* all standard sample formats are supported by the buffer adapter,
+            this implementation doesn't support any custom sample formats */
+        if( inputSampleFormat & paCustomFormat )
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+
+        if( inputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        asioDeviceIndex = inputParameters->device;
+
+        /* validate inputStreamInfo */
+        /** @todo do more validation here */
+        // if( inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo )
+        //    return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo; /* this implementation doesn't use custom stream info */
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = outputParameters->channelCount;
+        outputSampleFormat = outputParameters->sampleFormat;
+
+        /* all standard sample formats are supported by the buffer adapter,
+            this implementation doesn't support any custom sample formats */
+        if( outputSampleFormat & paCustomFormat )
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+
+        if( outputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        asioDeviceIndex = outputParameters->device;
+
+        /* validate outputStreamInfo */
+        /** @todo do more validation here */
+        // if( outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo )
+        //    return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo; /* this implementation doesn't use custom stream info */
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = 0;
+    }
+
+
+
+    /* if an ASIO device is open we can only get format information for the currently open device */
+
+    if( asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex != paNoDevice
+            && asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex != asioDeviceIndex )
+    {
+        return paDeviceUnavailable;
+    }
+
+
+    /* NOTE: we load the driver and use its current settings
+        rather than the ones in our device info structure which may be stale */
+
+    /* open the device if it's not already open */
+    if( asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex == paNoDevice )
+    {
+        result = LoadAsioDriver( asioHostApi, asioHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep.deviceInfos[ asioDeviceIndex ]->name,
+                driverInfo, asioHostApi->systemSpecific );
+        if( result != paNoError )
+            return result;
+    }
+
+    /* check that input device can support inputChannelCount */
+    if( inputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        if( inputChannelCount > driverInfo->inputChannelCount )
+        {
+            result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+            goto done;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* check that output device can support outputChannelCount */
+    if( outputChannelCount )
+    {
+        if( outputChannelCount > driverInfo->outputChannelCount )
+        {
+            result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+            goto done;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* query for sample rate support */
+    asioError = ASIOCanSampleRate( sampleRate );
+    if( asioError == ASE_NoClock || asioError == ASE_NotPresent )
+    {
+        result = paInvalidSampleRate;
+        goto done;
+    }
+
+done:
+    /* close the device if it wasn't already open */
+    if( asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex == paNoDevice )
+    {
+        UnloadAsioDriver(); /* not sure if we should check for errors here */
+    }
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+        return paFormatIsSupported;
+    else
+        return result;
+}
+
+
+
+/** A data structure specifically for storing blocking i/o related data. */
+typedef struct PaAsioStreamBlockingState
+{
+    int stopFlag; /**< Flag indicating that block processing is to be stopped. */
+
+    unsigned long writeBuffersRequested; /**< The number of available output buffers, requested by the #WriteStream() function. */
+    unsigned long readFramesRequested;   /**< The number of available input frames, requested by the #ReadStream() function. */
+
+    int writeBuffersRequestedFlag; /**< Flag to indicate that #WriteStream() has requested more output buffers to be available. */
+    int readFramesRequestedFlag;   /**< Flag to indicate that #ReadStream() requires more input frames to be available. */
+
+    HANDLE writeBuffersReadyEvent; /**< Event to signal that requested output buffers are available. */
+    HANDLE readFramesReadyEvent;   /**< Event to signal that requested input frames are available. */
+
+    void *writeRingBufferData; /**< The actual ring buffer memory, used by the output ring buffer. */
+    void *readRingBufferData;  /**< The actual ring buffer memory, used by the input ring buffer. */
+
+    PaUtilRingBuffer writeRingBuffer; /**< Frame-aligned blocking i/o ring buffer to store output data (interleaved user format). */
+    PaUtilRingBuffer readRingBuffer;  /**< Frame-aligned blocking i/o ring buffer to store input data (interleaved user format). */
+
+    long writeRingBufferInitialFrames; /**< The initial number of silent frames within the output ring buffer. */
+
+    const void **writeStreamBuffer; /**< Temp buffer, used by #WriteStream() for handling non-interleaved data. */
+    void **readStreamBuffer; /**< Temp buffer, used by #ReadStream() for handling non-interleaved data. */
+
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor bufferProcessor; /**< Buffer processor, used to handle the blocking i/o ring buffers. */
+
+    int outputUnderflowFlag; /**< Flag to signal an output underflow from within the callback function. */
+    int inputOverflowFlag; /**< Flag to signal an input overflow from within the callback function. */
+}
+PaAsioStreamBlockingState;
+
+
+
+/* PaAsioStream - a stream data structure specifically for this implementation */
+
+typedef struct PaAsioStream
+{
+    PaUtilStreamRepresentation streamRepresentation;
+    PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer cpuLoadMeasurer;
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor bufferProcessor;
+
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi;
+    unsigned long framesPerHostCallback;
+
+    /* ASIO driver info  - these may not be needed for the life of the stream,
+        but store them here until we work out how format conversion is going
+        to work. */
+
+    ASIOBufferInfo *asioBufferInfos;
+    ASIOChannelInfo *asioChannelInfos;
+    long asioInputLatencyFrames, asioOutputLatencyFrames; // actual latencies returned by asio
+
+    long inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount;
+    bool postOutput;
+
+    void **bufferPtrs; /* this is carved up for inputBufferPtrs and outputBufferPtrs */
+    void **inputBufferPtrs[2];
+    void **outputBufferPtrs[2];
+
+    PaAsioBufferConverter *inputBufferConverter;
+    long inputShift;
+    PaAsioBufferConverter *outputBufferConverter;
+    long outputShift;
+
+    volatile bool stopProcessing;
+    int stopPlayoutCount;
+    HANDLE completedBuffersPlayedEvent;
+
+    bool streamFinishedCallbackCalled;
+    int isStopped;
+    volatile int isActive;
+    volatile bool zeroOutput; /* all future calls to the callback will output silence */
+
+    volatile long reenterCount;
+    volatile long reenterError;
+
+    PaStreamCallbackFlags callbackFlags;
+
+    PaAsioStreamBlockingState *blockingState; /**< Blocking i/o data struct, or NULL when using callback interface. */
+}
+PaAsioStream;
+
+static PaAsioStream *theAsioStream = 0; /* due to ASIO sdk limitations there can be only one stream */
+
+
+static void ZeroOutputBuffers( PaAsioStream *stream, long index )
+{
+    int i;
+
+    for( i=0; i < stream->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+    {
+        void *buffer = stream->asioBufferInfos[ i + stream->inputChannelCount ].buffers[index];
+
+        int bytesPerSample = BytesPerAsioSample( stream->asioChannelInfos[ i + stream->inputChannelCount ].type );
+
+        memset( buffer, 0, stream->framesPerHostCallback * bytesPerSample );
+    }
+}
+
+
+/* return the next power of two >= x.
+   Returns the input parameter if it is already a power of two.
+   http://stackoverflow.com/questions/364985/algorithm-for-finding-the-smallest-power-of-two-thats-greater-or-equal-to-a-giv
+*/
+static unsigned long NextPowerOfTwo( unsigned long x )
+{
+    --x;
+    x |= x >> 1;
+    x |= x >> 2;
+    x |= x >> 4;
+    x |= x >> 8;
+    x |= x >> 16;
+    /* If you needed to deal with numbers > 2^32 the following would be needed.
+       For latencies, we don't deal with values this large.
+     x |= x >> 16;
+    */
+
+    return x + 1;
+}
+
+
+static unsigned long SelectHostBufferSizeForUnspecifiedUserFramesPerBuffer(
+        unsigned long targetBufferingLatencyFrames, PaAsioDriverInfo *driverInfo )
+{
+    /* Choose a host buffer size based only on targetBufferingLatencyFrames and the
+       device's supported buffer sizes. Always returns a valid value.
+    */
+
+    unsigned long result;
+
+    if( targetBufferingLatencyFrames <= (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMinSize )
+    {
+        result = driverInfo->bufferMinSize;
+    }
+    else if( targetBufferingLatencyFrames >= (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMaxSize )
+    {
+        result = driverInfo->bufferMaxSize;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if( driverInfo->bufferGranularity == 0 ) /* single fixed host buffer size */
+        {
+            /* The documentation states that bufferGranularity should be zero
+               when bufferMinSize, bufferMaxSize and bufferPreferredSize are the
+               same. We assume that is the case.
+            */
+
+            result = driverInfo->bufferPreferredSize;
+        }
+        else if( driverInfo->bufferGranularity == -1 ) /* power-of-two */
+        {
+            /* We assume bufferMinSize and bufferMaxSize are powers of two. */
+
+            result = NextPowerOfTwo( targetBufferingLatencyFrames );
+
+            if( result < (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMinSize )
+                result = driverInfo->bufferMinSize;
+
+            if( result > (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMaxSize )
+                result = driverInfo->bufferMaxSize;
+        }
+        else /* modulo bufferGranularity */
+        {
+            /* round up to the next multiple of granularity */
+            unsigned long n = (targetBufferingLatencyFrames + driverInfo->bufferGranularity - 1)
+                    / driverInfo->bufferGranularity;
+
+            result = n * driverInfo->bufferGranularity;
+
+            if( result < (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMinSize )
+                result = driverInfo->bufferMinSize;
+
+            if( result > (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMaxSize )
+                result = driverInfo->bufferMaxSize;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static unsigned long SelectHostBufferSizeForSpecifiedUserFramesPerBuffer(
+        unsigned long targetBufferingLatencyFrames, unsigned long userFramesPerBuffer,
+        PaAsioDriverInfo *driverInfo )
+{
+    /* Select a host buffer size conforming to targetBufferingLatencyFrames
+       and the device's supported buffer sizes.
+       The return value will always be a multiple of userFramesPerBuffer.
+       If a valid buffer size can not be found the function returns 0.
+
+       The current implementation uses a simple iterative search for clarity.
+       Feel free to suggest a closed form solution.
+    */
+    unsigned long result = 0;
+
+    assert( userFramesPerBuffer != 0 );
+
+    if( driverInfo->bufferGranularity == 0 ) /* single fixed host buffer size */
+    {
+        /* The documentation states that bufferGranularity should be zero
+           when bufferMinSize, bufferMaxSize and bufferPreferredSize are the
+           same. We assume that is the case.
+        */
+
+        if( (driverInfo->bufferPreferredSize % userFramesPerBuffer) == 0 )
+            result = driverInfo->bufferPreferredSize;
+    }
+    else if( driverInfo->bufferGranularity == -1 ) /* power-of-two */
+    {
+        /* We assume bufferMinSize and bufferMaxSize are powers of two. */
+
+        /* Search all powers of two in the range [bufferMinSize,bufferMaxSize]
+           for multiples of userFramesPerBuffer. We prefer the first multiple
+           that is equal or greater than targetBufferingLatencyFrames, or
+           failing that, the largest multiple less than
+           targetBufferingLatencyFrames.
+        */
+        unsigned long x = (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMinSize;
+        do {
+            if( (x % userFramesPerBuffer) == 0 )
+            {
+                /* any multiple of userFramesPerBuffer is acceptable */
+                result = x;
+                if( result >= targetBufferingLatencyFrames )
+                    break; /* stop. a value >= to targetBufferingLatencyFrames is ideal. */
+            }
+
+            x *= 2;
+        } while( x <= (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMaxSize );
+    }
+    else /* modulo granularity */
+    {
+        /* We assume bufferMinSize is a multiple of bufferGranularity. */
+
+        /* Search all multiples of bufferGranularity in the range
+           [bufferMinSize,bufferMaxSize] for multiples of userFramesPerBuffer.
+           We prefer the first multiple that is equal or greater than
+           targetBufferingLatencyFrames, or failing that, the largest multiple
+           less than targetBufferingLatencyFrames.
+        */
+        unsigned long x = (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMinSize;
+        do {
+            if( (x % userFramesPerBuffer) == 0 )
+            {
+                /* any multiple of userFramesPerBuffer is acceptable */
+                result = x;
+                if( result >= targetBufferingLatencyFrames )
+                    break; /* stop. a value >= to targetBufferingLatencyFrames is ideal. */
+            }
+
+            x += driverInfo->bufferGranularity;
+        } while( x <= (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMaxSize );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static unsigned long SelectHostBufferSize(
+        unsigned long targetBufferingLatencyFrames,
+        unsigned long userFramesPerBuffer, PaAsioDriverInfo *driverInfo )
+{
+    unsigned long result = 0;
+
+    /* We select a host buffer size based on the following requirements
+       (in priority order):
+
+        1. The host buffer size must be permissible according to the ASIO
+           driverInfo buffer size constraints (min, max, granularity or
+           powers-of-two).
+
+        2. If the user specifies a non-zero framesPerBuffer parameter
+           (userFramesPerBuffer here) the host buffer should be a multiple of
+           this (subject to the constraints in (1) above).
+
+           [NOTE: Where no permissible host buffer size is a multiple of
+           userFramesPerBuffer, we choose a value as if userFramesPerBuffer were
+           zero (i.e. we ignore it). This strategy is open for review ~ perhaps
+           there are still "more optimal" buffer sizes related to
+           userFramesPerBuffer that we could use.]
+
+        3. The host buffer size should be greater than or equal to
+           targetBufferingLatencyFrames, subject to (1) and (2) above. Where it
+           is not possible to select a host buffer size equal or greater than
+           targetBufferingLatencyFrames, the highest buffer size conforming to
+           (1) and (2) should be chosen.
+    */
+
+    if( userFramesPerBuffer != 0 )
+    {
+        /* userFramesPerBuffer is specified, try to find a buffer size that's
+           a multiple of it */
+        result = SelectHostBufferSizeForSpecifiedUserFramesPerBuffer(
+                targetBufferingLatencyFrames, userFramesPerBuffer, driverInfo );
+    }
+
+    if( result == 0 )
+    {
+        /* either userFramesPerBuffer was not specified, or we couldn't find a
+           host buffer size that is a multiple of it. Select a host buffer size
+           according to targetBufferingLatencyFrames and the ASIO driverInfo
+           buffer size constraints.
+         */
+        result = SelectHostBufferSizeForUnspecifiedUserFramesPerBuffer(
+                targetBufferingLatencyFrames, driverInfo );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/* returns channelSelectors if present */
+
+static PaError ValidateAsioSpecificStreamInfo(
+        const PaStreamParameters *streamParameters,
+        const PaAsioStreamInfo *streamInfo,
+        int deviceChannelCount,
+        int **channelSelectors )
+{
+    if( streamInfo )
+    {
+        if( streamInfo->size != sizeof( PaAsioStreamInfo )
+                || streamInfo->version != 1 )
+        {
+            return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        }
+
+        if( streamInfo->flags & paAsioUseChannelSelectors )
+            *channelSelectors = streamInfo->channelSelectors;
+
+        if( !(*channelSelectors) )
+            return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+
+        for( int i=0; i < streamParameters->channelCount; ++i ){
+            if( (*channelSelectors)[i] < 0
+                    || (*channelSelectors)[i] >= deviceChannelCount ){
+                return paInvalidChannelCount;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+
+static bool IsUsingExternalClockSource()
+{
+    bool result = false;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+    ASIOClockSource clocks[32];
+    long numSources=32;
+
+    /* davidv: listing ASIO Clock sources. there is an ongoing investigation by
+       me about whether or not to call ASIOSetSampleRate if an external Clock is
+       used. A few drivers expected different things here */
+
+    asioError = ASIOGetClockSources(clocks, &numSources);
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK ){
+        PA_DEBUG(("ERROR: ASIOGetClockSources: %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+    }else{
+        PA_DEBUG(("INFO ASIOGetClockSources listing %d clocks\n", numSources ));
+        for (int i=0;i<numSources;++i){
+            PA_DEBUG(("ASIOClockSource%d %s current:%d\n", i, clocks[i].name, clocks[i].isCurrentSource ));
+
+            if (clocks[i].isCurrentSource)
+                result = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError ValidateAndSetSampleRate( double sampleRate )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+
+    // check that the device supports the requested sample rate
+
+    asioError = ASIOCanSampleRate( sampleRate );
+    PA_DEBUG(("ASIOCanSampleRate(%f):%d\n", sampleRate, asioError ));
+
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paInvalidSampleRate;
+        PA_DEBUG(("ERROR: ASIOCanSampleRate: %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    // retrieve the current sample rate, we only change to the requested
+    // sample rate if the device is not already in that rate.
+
+    ASIOSampleRate oldRate;
+    asioError = ASIOGetSampleRate(&oldRate);
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paInvalidSampleRate;
+        PA_DEBUG(("ERROR: ASIOGetSampleRate: %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+        goto error;
+    }
+    PA_DEBUG(("ASIOGetSampleRate:%f\n",oldRate));
+
+    if (oldRate != sampleRate){
+        /* Set sample rate */
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("before ASIOSetSampleRate(%f)\n",sampleRate));
+
+        /*
+            If you have problems with some drivers when externally clocked,
+            try switching on the following line and commenting out the one after it.
+            See IsUsingExternalClockSource() for more info.
+        */
+        //if( IsUsingExternalClockSource() ){
+        if( false ){
+            asioError = ASIOSetSampleRate( 0 );
+        }else{
+            asioError = ASIOSetSampleRate( sampleRate );
+        }
+        if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+        {
+            result = paInvalidSampleRate;
+            PA_DEBUG(("ERROR: ASIOSetSampleRate: %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+            goto error;
+        }
+        PA_DEBUG(("after ASIOSetSampleRate(%f)\n",sampleRate));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("No Need to change SR\n"));
+    }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/* see pa_hostapi.h for a list of validity guarantees made about OpenStream  parameters */
+
+static PaError OpenStream( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                           PaStream** s,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                           double sampleRate,
+                           unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                           PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                           PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                           void *userData )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi = (PaAsioHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    PaAsioStream *stream = 0;
+    PaAsioStreamInfo *inputStreamInfo, *outputStreamInfo;
+    unsigned long framesPerHostBuffer;
+    int inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount;
+    PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat, outputSampleFormat;
+    PaSampleFormat hostInputSampleFormat, hostOutputSampleFormat;
+    unsigned long suggestedInputLatencyFrames;
+    unsigned long suggestedOutputLatencyFrames;
+    PaDeviceIndex asioDeviceIndex;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+    int asioIsInitialized = 0;
+    int asioBuffersCreated = 0;
+    int completedBuffersPlayedEventInited = 0;
+    int i;
+    PaAsioDriverInfo *driverInfo;
+    int *inputChannelSelectors = 0;
+    int *outputChannelSelectors = 0;
+
+    /* Are we using blocking i/o interface? */
+    int usingBlockingIo = ( !streamCallback ) ? TRUE : FALSE;
+    /* Blocking i/o stuff */
+    long lBlockingBufferSize     = 0; /* Desired ring buffer size in samples. */
+    long lBlockingBufferSizePow2 = 0; /* Power-of-2 rounded ring buffer size. */
+    long lBytesPerFrame          = 0; /* Number of bytes per input/output frame. */
+    int blockingWriteBuffersReadyEventInitialized = 0; /* Event init flag. */
+    int blockingReadFramesReadyEventInitialized   = 0; /* Event init flag. */
+
+    int callbackBufferProcessorInited = FALSE;
+    int blockingBufferProcessorInited = FALSE;
+
+    /* unless we move to using lower level ASIO calls, we can only have
+        one device open at a time */
+    if( asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex != paNoDevice )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream paDeviceUnavailable\n"));
+        return paDeviceUnavailable;
+    }
+
+    assert( theAsioStream == 0 );
+
+    if( inputParameters && outputParameters )
+    {
+        /* full duplex ASIO stream must use the same device for input and output */
+
+        if( inputParameters->device != outputParameters->device )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream paBadIODeviceCombination\n"));
+            return paBadIODeviceCombination;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = inputParameters->channelCount;
+        inputSampleFormat = inputParameters->sampleFormat;
+        suggestedInputLatencyFrames = (unsigned long)((inputParameters->suggestedLatency * sampleRate)+0.5f);
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+        if( inputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        asioDeviceIndex = inputParameters->device;
+
+        PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo = (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[asioDeviceIndex];
+
+        /* validate hostApiSpecificStreamInfo */
+        inputStreamInfo = (PaAsioStreamInfo*)inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        result = ValidateAsioSpecificStreamInfo( inputParameters, inputStreamInfo,
+            asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo.maxInputChannels,
+            &inputChannelSelectors
+        );
+        if( result != paNoError ) return result;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = 0;
+        inputSampleFormat = 0;
+        suggestedInputLatencyFrames = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = outputParameters->channelCount;
+        outputSampleFormat = outputParameters->sampleFormat;
+        suggestedOutputLatencyFrames = (unsigned long)((outputParameters->suggestedLatency * sampleRate)+0.5f);
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+        if( outputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        asioDeviceIndex = outputParameters->device;
+
+        PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo = (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[asioDeviceIndex];
+
+        /* validate hostApiSpecificStreamInfo */
+        outputStreamInfo = (PaAsioStreamInfo*)outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        result = ValidateAsioSpecificStreamInfo( outputParameters, outputStreamInfo,
+            asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo.maxOutputChannels,
+            &outputChannelSelectors
+        );
+        if( result != paNoError ) return result;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = 0;
+        outputSampleFormat = 0;
+        suggestedOutputLatencyFrames = 0;
+    }
+
+    driverInfo = &asioHostApi->openAsioDriverInfo;
+
+    /* NOTE: we load the driver and use its current settings
+        rather than the ones in our device info structure which may be stale */
+
+    result = LoadAsioDriver( asioHostApi, asioHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep.deviceInfos[ asioDeviceIndex ]->name,
+            driverInfo, asioHostApi->systemSpecific );
+    if( result == paNoError )
+        asioIsInitialized = 1;
+    else{
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR1 - LoadAsioDriver returned %d\n", result));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* check that input device can support inputChannelCount */
+    if( inputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        if( inputChannelCount > driverInfo->inputChannelCount )
+        {
+            result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+            PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR2\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* check that output device can support outputChannelCount */
+    if( outputChannelCount )
+    {
+        if( outputChannelCount > driverInfo->outputChannelCount )
+        {
+            result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+            PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR3\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    result = ValidateAndSetSampleRate( sampleRate );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    /*
+        IMPLEMENT ME:
+            - if a full duplex stream is requested, check that the combination
+                of input and output parameters is supported
+    */
+
+    /* validate platform specific flags */
+    if( (streamFlags & paPlatformSpecificFlags) != 0 ){
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream invalid flags!!\n"));
+        return paInvalidFlag; /* unexpected platform specific flag */
+    }
+
+
+    stream = (PaAsioStream*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaAsioStream) );
+    if( !stream )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR5\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+    stream->blockingState = NULL; /* Blocking i/o not initialized, yet. */
+
+
+    stream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent = CreateEvent( NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL );
+    if( stream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent == NULL )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR6\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+    completedBuffersPlayedEventInited = 1;
+
+
+    stream->asioBufferInfos = 0; /* for deallocation in error */
+    stream->asioChannelInfos = 0; /* for deallocation in error */
+    stream->bufferPtrs = 0; /* for deallocation in error */
+
+    /* Using blocking i/o interface... */
+    if( usingBlockingIo )
+    {
+        /* Blocking i/o is implemented by running callback mode, using a special blocking i/o callback. */
+        streamCallback = BlockingIoPaCallback; /* Setup PA to use the ASIO blocking i/o callback. */
+        userData       = &theAsioStream;       /* The callback user data will be the PA ASIO stream. */
+        PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation,
+                                               &asioHostApi->blockingStreamInterface, streamCallback, userData );
+    }
+    else /* Using callback interface... */
+    {
+        PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation,
+                                               &asioHostApi->callbackStreamInterface, streamCallback, userData );
+    }
+
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeCpuLoadMeasurer( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer, sampleRate );
+
+
+    stream->asioBufferInfos = (ASIOBufferInfo*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory(
+            sizeof(ASIOBufferInfo) * (inputChannelCount + outputChannelCount) );
+    if( !stream->asioBufferInfos )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR7\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+
+    for( i=0; i < inputChannelCount; ++i )
+    {
+        ASIOBufferInfo *info = &stream->asioBufferInfos[i];
+
+        info->isInput = ASIOTrue;
+
+        if( inputChannelSelectors ){
+            // inputChannelSelectors values have already been validated in
+            // ValidateAsioSpecificStreamInfo() above
+            info->channelNum = inputChannelSelectors[i];
+        }else{
+            info->channelNum = i;
+        }
+
+        info->buffers[0] = info->buffers[1] = 0;
+    }
+
+    for( i=0; i < outputChannelCount; ++i ){
+        ASIOBufferInfo *info = &stream->asioBufferInfos[inputChannelCount+i];
+
+        info->isInput = ASIOFalse;
+
+        if( outputChannelSelectors ){
+            // outputChannelSelectors values have already been validated in
+            // ValidateAsioSpecificStreamInfo() above
+            info->channelNum = outputChannelSelectors[i];
+        }else{
+            info->channelNum = i;
+        }
+
+        info->buffers[0] = info->buffers[1] = 0;
+    }
+
+
+    /* Using blocking i/o interface... */
+    if( usingBlockingIo )
+    {
+/** @todo REVIEW selection of host buffer size for blocking i/o */
+
+        framesPerHostBuffer = SelectHostBufferSize( 0, framesPerBuffer, driverInfo );
+
+    }
+    else /* Using callback interface... */
+    {
+        /* Select the host buffer size based on user framesPerBuffer and the
+           maximum of suggestedInputLatencyFrames and
+           suggestedOutputLatencyFrames.
+
+           We should subtract any fixed known driver latency from
+           suggestedLatencyFrames before computing the host buffer size.
+           However, the ASIO API doesn't provide a method for determining fixed
+           latencies independent of the host buffer size. ASIOGetLatencies()
+           only returns latencies after the buffer size has been configured, so
+           we can't reliably use it to determine fixed latencies here.
+
+           We could set the preferred buffer size and then subtract it from
+           the values returned from ASIOGetLatencies, but this would not be 100%
+           reliable, so we don't do it.
+        */
+
+        unsigned long targetBufferingLatencyFrames =
+                (( suggestedInputLatencyFrames > suggestedOutputLatencyFrames )
+                ? suggestedInputLatencyFrames
+                : suggestedOutputLatencyFrames);
+
+        framesPerHostBuffer = SelectHostBufferSize( targetBufferingLatencyFrames,
+                framesPerBuffer, driverInfo );
+    }
+
+
+    PA_DEBUG(("PaAsioOpenStream: framesPerHostBuffer :%d\n",  framesPerHostBuffer));
+
+    asioError = ASIOCreateBuffers( stream->asioBufferInfos,
+            inputChannelCount+outputChannelCount,
+            framesPerHostBuffer, &asioCallbacks_ );
+
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK
+            && framesPerHostBuffer != (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferPreferredSize )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("ERROR: ASIOCreateBuffers: %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+        /*
+            Some buggy drivers (like the Hoontech DSP24) give incorrect
+            [min, preferred, max] values They should work with the preferred size
+            value, thus if Pa_ASIO_CreateBuffers fails with the hostBufferSize
+            computed in SelectHostBufferSize, we try again with the preferred size.
+        */
+
+        framesPerHostBuffer = driverInfo->bufferPreferredSize;
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsioOpenStream: CORRECTED framesPerHostBuffer :%d\n",  framesPerHostBuffer));
+
+        ASIOError asioError2 = ASIOCreateBuffers( stream->asioBufferInfos,
+                inputChannelCount+outputChannelCount,
+                 framesPerHostBuffer, &asioCallbacks_ );
+        if( asioError2 == ASE_OK )
+            asioError = ASE_OK;
+    }
+
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR9\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    asioBuffersCreated = 1;
+
+    stream->asioChannelInfos = (ASIOChannelInfo*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory(
+            sizeof(ASIOChannelInfo) * (inputChannelCount + outputChannelCount) );
+    if( !stream->asioChannelInfos )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR10\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    for( i=0; i < inputChannelCount + outputChannelCount; ++i )
+    {
+        stream->asioChannelInfos[i].channel = stream->asioBufferInfos[i].channelNum;
+        stream->asioChannelInfos[i].isInput = stream->asioBufferInfos[i].isInput;
+        asioError = ASIOGetChannelInfo( &stream->asioChannelInfos[i] );
+        if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+        {
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+            PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR11\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    stream->bufferPtrs = (void**)PaUtil_AllocateMemory(
+            2 * sizeof(void*) * (inputChannelCount + outputChannelCount) );
+    if( !stream->bufferPtrs )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR12\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    if( inputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        stream->inputBufferPtrs[0] = stream-> bufferPtrs;
+        stream->inputBufferPtrs[1] = &stream->bufferPtrs[inputChannelCount];
+
+        for( i=0; i<inputChannelCount; ++i )
+        {
+            stream->inputBufferPtrs[0][i] = stream->asioBufferInfos[i].buffers[0];
+            stream->inputBufferPtrs[1][i] = stream->asioBufferInfos[i].buffers[1];
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        stream->inputBufferPtrs[0] = 0;
+        stream->inputBufferPtrs[1] = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( outputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        stream->outputBufferPtrs[0] = &stream->bufferPtrs[inputChannelCount*2];
+        stream->outputBufferPtrs[1] = &stream->bufferPtrs[inputChannelCount*2 + outputChannelCount];
+
+        for( i=0; i<outputChannelCount; ++i )
+        {
+            stream->outputBufferPtrs[0][i] = stream->asioBufferInfos[inputChannelCount+i].buffers[0];
+            stream->outputBufferPtrs[1][i] = stream->asioBufferInfos[inputChannelCount+i].buffers[1];
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        stream->outputBufferPtrs[0] = 0;
+        stream->outputBufferPtrs[1] = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( inputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        /* FIXME: assume all channels use the same type for now
+
+            see: "ASIO devices with multiple sample formats are unsupported"
+            http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/106
+        */
+        ASIOSampleType inputType = stream->asioChannelInfos[0].type;
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("ASIO Input  type:%d",inputType));
+        AsioSampleTypeLOG(inputType);
+        hostInputSampleFormat = AsioSampleTypeToPaNativeSampleFormat( inputType );
+
+        SelectAsioToPaConverter( inputType, &stream->inputBufferConverter, &stream->inputShift );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        hostInputSampleFormat = 0;
+        stream->inputBufferConverter = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( outputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        /* FIXME: assume all channels use the same type for now
+
+            see: "ASIO devices with multiple sample formats are unsupported"
+            http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/106
+        */
+        ASIOSampleType outputType = stream->asioChannelInfos[inputChannelCount].type;
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("ASIO Output type:%d",outputType));
+        AsioSampleTypeLOG(outputType);
+        hostOutputSampleFormat = AsioSampleTypeToPaNativeSampleFormat( outputType );
+
+        SelectPaToAsioConverter( outputType, &stream->outputBufferConverter, &stream->outputShift );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        hostOutputSampleFormat = 0;
+        stream->outputBufferConverter = 0;
+    }
+
+    /* Values returned by ASIOGetLatencies() include the latency introduced by
+       the ASIO double buffer. */
+    ASIOGetLatencies( &stream->asioInputLatencyFrames, &stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames );
+
+
+    /* Using blocking i/o interface... */
+    if( usingBlockingIo )
+    {
+        /* Allocate the blocking i/o input ring buffer memory. */
+        stream->blockingState = (PaAsioStreamBlockingState*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaAsioStreamBlockingState) );
+        if( !stream->blockingState )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o interface struct allocation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* Initialize blocking i/o interface struct. */
+        stream->blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent   = NULL; /* Uninitialized, yet. */
+        stream->blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent = NULL; /* Uninitialized, yet. */
+        stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData     = NULL; /* Uninitialized, yet. */
+        stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData    = NULL; /* Uninitialized, yet. */
+        stream->blockingState->readStreamBuffer       = NULL; /* Uninitialized, yet. */
+        stream->blockingState->writeStreamBuffer      = NULL; /* Uninitialized, yet. */
+        stream->blockingState->stopFlag               = TRUE; /* Not started, yet. */
+
+
+        /* If the user buffer is unspecified */
+        if( framesPerBuffer == paFramesPerBufferUnspecified )
+        {
+            /* Make the user buffer the same size as the host buffer. */
+            framesPerBuffer = framesPerHostBuffer;
+        }
+
+
+        /* Initialize callback buffer processor. */
+        result = PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor               ,
+                                                    inputChannelCount                     ,
+                                                    inputSampleFormat & ~paNonInterleaved , /* Ring buffer. */
+                                                    (hostInputSampleFormat | paNonInterleaved), /* Host format. */
+                                                    outputChannelCount                    ,
+                                                    outputSampleFormat & ~paNonInterleaved, /* Ring buffer. */
+                                                    (hostOutputSampleFormat | paNonInterleaved), /* Host format. */
+                                                    sampleRate                            ,
+                                                    streamFlags                           ,
+                                                    framesPerBuffer                       , /* Frames per ring buffer block. */
+                                                    framesPerHostBuffer                   , /* Frames per asio buffer. */
+                                                    paUtilFixedHostBufferSize             ,
+                                                    streamCallback                        ,
+                                                    userData                               );
+        if( result != paNoError ){
+            PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR13\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+        callbackBufferProcessorInited = TRUE;
+
+        /* Initialize the blocking i/o buffer processor. */
+        result = PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor,
+                                                   inputChannelCount                     ,
+                                                   inputSampleFormat                     , /* User format. */
+                                                   inputSampleFormat & ~paNonInterleaved , /* Ring buffer. */
+                                                   outputChannelCount                    ,
+                                                   outputSampleFormat                    , /* User format. */
+                                                   outputSampleFormat & ~paNonInterleaved, /* Ring buffer. */
+                                                   sampleRate                            ,
+                                                   paClipOff | paDitherOff               , /* Don't use dither nor clipping. */
+                                                   framesPerBuffer                       , /* Frames per user buffer. */
+                                                   framesPerBuffer                       , /* Frames per ring buffer block. */
+                                                   paUtilBoundedHostBufferSize           ,
+                                                   NULL, NULL                            );/* No callback! */
+        if( result != paNoError ){
+            PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o buffer processor initialization failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+        blockingBufferProcessorInited = TRUE;
+
+        /* If input is requested. */
+        if( inputChannelCount )
+        {
+            /* Create the callback sync-event. */
+            stream->blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent = CreateEvent( NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL );
+            if( stream->blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent == NULL )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+                PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o \"read frames ready\" event creation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+                goto error;
+            }
+            blockingReadFramesReadyEventInitialized = 1;
+
+
+            /* Create pointer buffer to access non-interleaved data in ReadStream() */
+            stream->blockingState->readStreamBuffer = (void**)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(void*) * inputChannelCount );
+            if( !stream->blockingState->readStreamBuffer )
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o read stream buffer allocation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            /* The ring buffer should store as many data blocks as needed
+               to achieve the requested latency. Whereas it must be large
+               enough to store at least two complete data blocks.
+
+               1) Determine the amount of latency to be added to the
+                  preferred ASIO latency.
+               2) Make sure we have at lest one additional latency frame.
+               3) Divide the number of frames by the desired block size to
+                  get the number (rounded up to pure integer) of blocks to
+                  be stored in the buffer.
+               4) Add one additional block for block processing and convert
+                  to samples frames.
+               5) Get the next larger (or equal) power-of-two buffer size.
+             */
+            lBlockingBufferSize = suggestedInputLatencyFrames - stream->asioInputLatencyFrames;
+            lBlockingBufferSize = (lBlockingBufferSize > 0) ? lBlockingBufferSize : 1;
+            lBlockingBufferSize = (lBlockingBufferSize + framesPerBuffer - 1) / framesPerBuffer;
+            lBlockingBufferSize = (lBlockingBufferSize + 1) * framesPerBuffer;
+
+            /* Get the next larger or equal power-of-two buffersize. */
+            lBlockingBufferSizePow2 = 1;
+            while( lBlockingBufferSize > (lBlockingBufferSizePow2<<=1) );
+            lBlockingBufferSize = lBlockingBufferSizePow2;
+
+            /* Compute total input latency in seconds */
+            stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.inputLatency =
+                (double)( PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor               )
+                        + PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor)
+                        + (lBlockingBufferSize / framesPerBuffer - 1) * framesPerBuffer
+                        + stream->asioInputLatencyFrames )
+                / sampleRate;
+
+            /* The code below prints the ASIO latency which doesn't include
+               the buffer processor latency nor the blocking i/o latency. It
+               reports the added latency separately.
+            */
+            PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio : ASIO InputLatency = %ld (%ld ms),\n         added buffProc:%ld (%ld ms),\n         added blocking:%ld (%ld ms)\n",
+                stream->asioInputLatencyFrames,
+                (long)( stream->asioInputLatencyFrames * (1000.0 / sampleRate) ),
+                PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor),
+                (long)( PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor) * (1000.0 / sampleRate) ),
+                PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor) + (lBlockingBufferSize / framesPerBuffer - 1) * framesPerBuffer,
+                (long)( (PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor) + (lBlockingBufferSize / framesPerBuffer - 1) * framesPerBuffer) * (1000.0 / sampleRate) )
+                ));
+
+            /* Determine the size of ring buffer in bytes. */
+            lBytesPerFrame = inputChannelCount * Pa_GetSampleSize(inputSampleFormat );
+
+            /* Allocate the blocking i/o input ring buffer memory. */
+            stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData = (void*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( lBlockingBufferSize * lBytesPerFrame );
+            if( !stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData )
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o input ring buffer allocation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            /* Initialize the input ring buffer struct. */
+            PaUtil_InitializeRingBuffer( &stream->blockingState->readRingBuffer    ,
+                                          lBytesPerFrame                           ,
+                                          lBlockingBufferSize                      ,
+                                          stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData );
+        }
+
+        /* If output is requested. */
+        if( outputChannelCount )
+        {
+            stream->blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent = CreateEvent( NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL );
+            if( stream->blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent == NULL )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+                PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o \"write buffers ready\" event creation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+                goto error;
+            }
+            blockingWriteBuffersReadyEventInitialized = 1;
+
+            /* Create pointer buffer to access non-interleaved data in WriteStream() */
+            stream->blockingState->writeStreamBuffer = (const void**)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(const void*) * outputChannelCount );
+            if( !stream->blockingState->writeStreamBuffer )
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o write stream buffer allocation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            /* The ring buffer should store as many data blocks as needed
+               to achieve the requested latency. Whereas it must be large
+               enough to store at least two complete data blocks.
+
+               1) Determine the amount of latency to be added to the
+                  preferred ASIO latency.
+               2) Make sure we have at lest one additional latency frame.
+               3) Divide the number of frames by the desired block size to
+                  get the number (rounded up to pure integer) of blocks to
+                  be stored in the buffer.
+               4) Add one additional block for block processing and convert
+                  to samples frames.
+               5) Get the next larger (or equal) power-of-two buffer size.
+             */
+            lBlockingBufferSize = suggestedOutputLatencyFrames - stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames;
+            lBlockingBufferSize = (lBlockingBufferSize > 0) ? lBlockingBufferSize : 1;
+            lBlockingBufferSize = (lBlockingBufferSize + framesPerBuffer - 1) / framesPerBuffer;
+            lBlockingBufferSize = (lBlockingBufferSize + 1) * framesPerBuffer;
+
+            /* The buffer size (without the additional block) corresponds
+               to the initial number of silent samples in the output ring
+               buffer. */
+            stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferInitialFrames = lBlockingBufferSize - framesPerBuffer;
+
+            /* Get the next larger or equal power-of-two buffersize. */
+            lBlockingBufferSizePow2 = 1;
+            while( lBlockingBufferSize > (lBlockingBufferSizePow2<<=1) );
+            lBlockingBufferSize = lBlockingBufferSizePow2;
+
+            /* Compute total output latency in seconds */
+            stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency =
+                (double)( PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor)
+                        + PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor)
+                        + (lBlockingBufferSize / framesPerBuffer - 1) * framesPerBuffer
+                        + stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames )
+                / sampleRate;
+
+            /* The code below prints the ASIO latency which doesn't include
+               the buffer processor latency nor the blocking i/o latency. It
+               reports the added latency separately.
+            */
+            PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio : ASIO OutputLatency = %ld (%ld ms),\n         added buffProc:%ld (%ld ms),\n         added blocking:%ld (%ld ms)\n",
+                stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames,
+                (long)( stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames * (1000.0 / sampleRate) ),
+                PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor),
+                (long)( PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor) * (1000.0 / sampleRate) ),
+                PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor) + (lBlockingBufferSize / framesPerBuffer - 1) * framesPerBuffer,
+                (long)( (PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor) + (lBlockingBufferSize / framesPerBuffer - 1) * framesPerBuffer) * (1000.0 / sampleRate) )
+                ));
+
+            /* Determine the size of ring buffer in bytes. */
+            lBytesPerFrame = outputChannelCount * Pa_GetSampleSize(outputSampleFormat);
+
+            /* Allocate the blocking i/o output ring buffer memory. */
+            stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData = (void*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( lBlockingBufferSize * lBytesPerFrame );
+            if( !stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData )
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o output ring buffer allocation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            /* Initialize the output ring buffer struct. */
+            PaUtil_InitializeRingBuffer( &stream->blockingState->writeRingBuffer    ,
+                                          lBytesPerFrame                            ,
+                                          lBlockingBufferSize                       ,
+                                          stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData );
+        }
+
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate = sampleRate;
+
+
+    }
+    else /* Using callback interface... */
+    {
+        result =  PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor,
+                        inputChannelCount, inputSampleFormat, (hostInputSampleFormat | paNonInterleaved),
+                        outputChannelCount, outputSampleFormat, (hostOutputSampleFormat | paNonInterleaved),
+                        sampleRate, streamFlags, framesPerBuffer,
+                        framesPerHostBuffer, paUtilFixedHostBufferSize,
+                        streamCallback, userData );
+        if( result != paNoError ){
+            PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR13\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+        callbackBufferProcessorInited = TRUE;
+
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.inputLatency =
+                (double)( PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor)
+                    + stream->asioInputLatencyFrames) / sampleRate;   // seconds
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency =
+                (double)( PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor)
+                    + stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames) / sampleRate; // seconds
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate = sampleRate;
+
+        // the code below prints the ASIO latency which doesn't include the
+        // buffer processor latency. it reports the added latency separately
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio : ASIO InputLatency = %ld (%ld ms), added buffProc:%ld (%ld ms)\n",
+                stream->asioInputLatencyFrames,
+                (long)((stream->asioInputLatencyFrames*1000)/ sampleRate),
+                PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor),
+                (long)((PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor)*1000)/ sampleRate)
+                ));
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio : ASIO OuputLatency = %ld (%ld ms), added buffProc:%ld (%ld ms)\n",
+                stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames,
+                (long)((stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames*1000)/ sampleRate),
+                PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor),
+                (long)((PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor)*1000)/ sampleRate)
+                ));
+    }
+
+    stream->asioHostApi = asioHostApi;
+    stream->framesPerHostCallback = framesPerHostBuffer;
+
+    stream->inputChannelCount = inputChannelCount;
+    stream->outputChannelCount = outputChannelCount;
+    stream->postOutput = driverInfo->postOutput;
+    stream->isStopped = 1;
+    stream->isActive = 0;
+
+    asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex = asioDeviceIndex;
+
+    theAsioStream = stream;
+    *s = (PaStream*)stream;
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    PA_DEBUG(("goto errored\n"));
+    if( stream )
+    {
+        if( stream->blockingState )
+        {
+            if( blockingBufferProcessorInited )
+                PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor );
+
+            if( stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData )
+                PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData );
+            if( stream->blockingState->writeStreamBuffer )
+                PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->writeStreamBuffer );
+            if( blockingWriteBuffersReadyEventInitialized )
+                CloseHandle( stream->blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent );
+
+            if( stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData )
+                PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData );
+            if( stream->blockingState->readStreamBuffer )
+                PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->readStreamBuffer );
+            if( blockingReadFramesReadyEventInitialized )
+                CloseHandle( stream->blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent );
+
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState );
+        }
+
+        if( callbackBufferProcessorInited )
+            PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+
+        if( completedBuffersPlayedEventInited )
+            CloseHandle( stream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent );
+
+        if( stream->asioBufferInfos )
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->asioBufferInfos );
+
+        if( stream->asioChannelInfos )
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->asioChannelInfos );
+
+        if( stream->bufferPtrs )
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->bufferPtrs );
+
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream );
+    }
+
+    if( asioBuffersCreated )
+        ASIODisposeBuffers();
+
+    if( asioIsInitialized )
+    {
+        UnloadAsioDriver();
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/*
+    When CloseStream() is called, the multi-api layer ensures that
+    the stream has already been stopped or aborted.
+*/
+static PaError CloseStream( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+
+    /*
+        IMPLEMENT ME:
+            - additional stream closing + cleanup
+    */
+
+    PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+    PaUtil_TerminateStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation );
+
+    stream->asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex = paNoDevice;
+
+    CloseHandle( stream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent );
+
+    /* Using blocking i/o interface... */
+    if( stream->blockingState )
+    {
+        PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor );
+
+        if( stream->inputChannelCount ) {
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData );
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->readStreamBuffer  );
+            CloseHandle( stream->blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent );
+        }
+        if( stream->outputChannelCount ) {
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData );
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->writeStreamBuffer );
+            CloseHandle( stream->blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent );
+        }
+
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState );
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->asioBufferInfos );
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->asioChannelInfos );
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->bufferPtrs );
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream );
+
+    ASIODisposeBuffers();
+    UnloadAsioDriver();
+
+    theAsioStream = 0;
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static void bufferSwitch(long index, ASIOBool directProcess)
+{
+//TAKEN FROM THE ASIO SDK
+
+    // the actual processing callback.
+    // Beware that this is normally in a separate thread, hence be sure that
+    // you take care about thread synchronization. This is omitted here for
+    // simplicity.
+
+    // as this is a "back door" into the bufferSwitchTimeInfo a timeInfo needs
+    // to be created though it will only set the timeInfo.samplePosition and
+    // timeInfo.systemTime fields and the according flags
+
+    ASIOTime  timeInfo;
+    memset( &timeInfo, 0, sizeof (timeInfo) );
+
+    // get the time stamp of the buffer, not necessary if no
+    // synchronization to other media is required
+    if( ASIOGetSamplePosition(&timeInfo.timeInfo.samplePosition, &timeInfo.timeInfo.systemTime) == ASE_OK)
+            timeInfo.timeInfo.flags = kSystemTimeValid | kSamplePositionValid;
+
+    // Call the real callback
+    bufferSwitchTimeInfo( &timeInfo, index, directProcess );
+}
+
+
+// conversion from 64 bit ASIOSample/ASIOTimeStamp to double float
+#if NATIVE_INT64
+    #define ASIO64toDouble(a)  (a)
+#else
+    const double twoRaisedTo32 = 4294967296.;
+    #define ASIO64toDouble(a)  ((a).lo + (a).hi * twoRaisedTo32)
+#endif
+
+static ASIOTime *bufferSwitchTimeInfo( ASIOTime *timeInfo, long index, ASIOBool directProcess )
+{
+    // the actual processing callback.
+    // Beware that this is normally in a separate thread, hence be sure that
+    // you take care about thread synchronization.
+
+
+    /* The SDK says the following about the directProcess flag:
+        suggests to the host whether it should immediately start processing
+        (directProcess == ASIOTrue), or whether its process should be deferred
+        because the call comes from a very low level (for instance, a high level
+        priority interrupt), and direct processing would cause timing instabilities for
+        the rest of the system. If in doubt, directProcess should be set to ASIOFalse.
+
+        We just ignore directProcess. This could cause incompatibilities with
+        drivers which really don't want the audio processing to occur in this
+        callback, but none have been identified yet.
+    */
+
+    (void) directProcess; /* suppress unused parameter warning */
+
+#if 0
+    // store the timeInfo for later use
+    asioDriverInfo.tInfo = *timeInfo;
+
+    // get the time stamp of the buffer, not necessary if no
+    // synchronization to other media is required
+
+    if (timeInfo->timeInfo.flags & kSystemTimeValid)
+            asioDriverInfo.nanoSeconds = ASIO64toDouble(timeInfo->timeInfo.systemTime);
+    else
+            asioDriverInfo.nanoSeconds = 0;
+
+    if (timeInfo->timeInfo.flags & kSamplePositionValid)
+            asioDriverInfo.samples = ASIO64toDouble(timeInfo->timeInfo.samplePosition);
+    else
+            asioDriverInfo.samples = 0;
+
+    if (timeInfo->timeCode.flags & kTcValid)
+            asioDriverInfo.tcSamples = ASIO64toDouble(timeInfo->timeCode.timeCodeSamples);
+    else
+            asioDriverInfo.tcSamples = 0;
+
+    // get the system reference time
+    asioDriverInfo.sysRefTime = get_sys_reference_time();
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+    // a few debug messages for the Windows device driver developer
+    // tells you the time when driver got its interrupt and the delay until the app receives
+    // the event notification.
+    static double last_samples = 0;
+    char tmp[128];
+    sprintf (tmp, "diff: %d / %d ms / %d ms / %d samples                 \n", asioDriverInfo.sysRefTime - (long)(asioDriverInfo.nanoSeconds / 1000000.0), asioDriverInfo.sysRefTime, (long)(asioDriverInfo.nanoSeconds / 1000000.0), (long)(asioDriverInfo.samples - last_samples));
+    OutputDebugString (tmp);
+    last_samples = asioDriverInfo.samples;
+#endif
+
+
+    if( !theAsioStream )
+        return 0L;
+
+    // protect against reentrancy
+    if( PaAsio_AtomicIncrement(&theAsioStream->reenterCount) )
+    {
+        theAsioStream->reenterError++;
+        //DBUG(("bufferSwitchTimeInfo : reentrancy detection = %d\n", asioDriverInfo.reenterError));
+        return 0L;
+    }
+
+    int buffersDone = 0;
+
+    do
+    {
+        if( buffersDone > 0 )
+        {
+            // this is a reentered buffer, we missed processing it on time
+            // set the input overflow and output underflow flags as appropriate
+
+            if( theAsioStream->inputChannelCount > 0 )
+                theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paInputOverflow;
+
+            if( theAsioStream->outputChannelCount > 0 )
+                theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paOutputUnderflow;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if( theAsioStream->zeroOutput )
+            {
+                ZeroOutputBuffers( theAsioStream, index );
+
+                // Finally if the driver supports the ASIOOutputReady() optimization,
+                // do it here, all data are in place
+                if( theAsioStream->postOutput )
+                    ASIOOutputReady();
+
+                if( theAsioStream->stopProcessing )
+                {
+                    if( theAsioStream->stopPlayoutCount < 2 )
+                    {
+                        ++theAsioStream->stopPlayoutCount;
+                        if( theAsioStream->stopPlayoutCount == 2 )
+                        {
+                            theAsioStream->isActive = 0;
+                            if( theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback != 0 )
+                                theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback( theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.userData );
+                            theAsioStream->streamFinishedCallbackCalled = true;
+                            SetEvent( theAsioStream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent );
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+
+#if 0
+/*
+    see: "ASIO callback underflow/overflow buffer slip detection doesn't work"
+    http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/110
+*/
+
+// test code to try to detect slip conditions... these may work on some systems
+// but neither of them work on the RME Digi96
+
+// check that sample delta matches buffer size (otherwise we must have skipped
+// a buffer.
+static double last_samples = -512;
+double samples;
+//if( timeInfo->timeCode.flags & kTcValid )
+//    samples = ASIO64toDouble(timeInfo->timeCode.timeCodeSamples);
+//else
+    samples = ASIO64toDouble(timeInfo->timeInfo.samplePosition);
+int delta = samples - last_samples;
+//printf( "%d\n", delta);
+last_samples = samples;
+
+if( delta > theAsioStream->framesPerHostCallback )
+{
+    if( theAsioStream->inputChannelCount > 0 )
+        theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paInputOverflow;
+
+    if( theAsioStream->outputChannelCount > 0 )
+        theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paOutputUnderflow;
+}
+
+// check that the buffer index is not the previous index (which would indicate
+// that a buffer was skipped.
+static int previousIndex = 1;
+if( index == previousIndex )
+{
+    if( theAsioStream->inputChannelCount > 0 )
+        theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paInputOverflow;
+
+    if( theAsioStream->outputChannelCount > 0 )
+        theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paOutputUnderflow;
+}
+previousIndex = index;
+#endif
+
+                int i;
+
+                PaUtil_BeginCpuLoadMeasurement( &theAsioStream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+
+                PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo paTimeInfo;
+
+                // asio systemTime is supposed to be measured according to the same
+                // clock as timeGetTime
+                paTimeInfo.currentTime = (ASIO64toDouble( timeInfo->timeInfo.systemTime ) * .000000001);
+
+                /* patch from Paul Boege */
+                paTimeInfo.inputBufferAdcTime = paTimeInfo.currentTime -
+                    ((double)theAsioStream->asioInputLatencyFrames/theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate);
+
+                paTimeInfo.outputBufferDacTime = paTimeInfo.currentTime +
+                    ((double)theAsioStream->asioOutputLatencyFrames/theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate);
+
+                /* old version is buggy because the buffer processor also adds in its latency to the time parameters
+                paTimeInfo.inputBufferAdcTime = paTimeInfo.currentTime - theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.inputLatency;
+                paTimeInfo.outputBufferDacTime = paTimeInfo.currentTime + theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency;
+                */
+
+/* Disabled! Stopping and re-starting the stream causes an input overflow / output underflow. S.Fischer */
+#if 0
+// detect underflows by checking inter-callback time > 2 buffer period
+static double previousTime = -1;
+if( previousTime > 0 ){
+
+    double delta = paTimeInfo.currentTime - previousTime;
+
+    if( delta >= 2. * (theAsioStream->framesPerHostCallback / theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate) ){
+        if( theAsioStream->inputChannelCount > 0 )
+            theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paInputOverflow;
+
+        if( theAsioStream->outputChannelCount > 0 )
+            theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paOutputUnderflow;
+    }
+}
+previousTime = paTimeInfo.currentTime;
+#endif
+
+                // note that the above input and output times do not need to be
+                // adjusted for the latency of the buffer processor -- the buffer
+                // processor handles that.
+
+                if( theAsioStream->inputBufferConverter )
+                {
+                    for( i=0; i<theAsioStream->inputChannelCount; i++ )
+                    {
+                        theAsioStream->inputBufferConverter( theAsioStream->inputBufferPtrs[index][i],
+                                theAsioStream->inputShift, theAsioStream->framesPerHostCallback );
+                    }
+                }
+
+                PaUtil_BeginBufferProcessing( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor, &paTimeInfo, theAsioStream->callbackFlags );
+
+                /* reset status flags once they've been passed to the callback */
+                theAsioStream->callbackFlags = 0;
+
+                PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor, 0 /* default to host buffer size */ );
+                for( i=0; i<theAsioStream->inputChannelCount; ++i )
+                    PaUtil_SetNonInterleavedInputChannel( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor, i, theAsioStream->inputBufferPtrs[index][i] );
+
+                PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor, 0 /* default to host buffer size */ );
+                for( i=0; i<theAsioStream->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+                    PaUtil_SetNonInterleavedOutputChannel( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor, i, theAsioStream->outputBufferPtrs[index][i] );
+
+                int callbackResult;
+                if( theAsioStream->stopProcessing )
+                    callbackResult = paComplete;
+                else
+                    callbackResult = paContinue;
+                unsigned long framesProcessed = PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor, &callbackResult );
+
+                if( theAsioStream->outputBufferConverter )
+                {
+                    for( i=0; i<theAsioStream->outputChannelCount; i++ )
+                    {
+                        theAsioStream->outputBufferConverter( theAsioStream->outputBufferPtrs[index][i],
+                                theAsioStream->outputShift, theAsioStream->framesPerHostCallback );
+                    }
+                }
+
+                PaUtil_EndCpuLoadMeasurement( &theAsioStream->cpuLoadMeasurer, framesProcessed );
+
+                // Finally if the driver supports the ASIOOutputReady() optimization,
+                // do it here, all data are in place
+                if( theAsioStream->postOutput )
+                    ASIOOutputReady();
+
+                if( callbackResult == paContinue )
+                {
+                    /* nothing special to do */
+                }
+                else if( callbackResult == paAbort )
+                {
+                    /* finish playback immediately  */
+                    theAsioStream->isActive = 0;
+                    if( theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback != 0 )
+                        theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback( theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.userData );
+                    theAsioStream->streamFinishedCallbackCalled = true;
+                    SetEvent( theAsioStream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent );
+                    theAsioStream->zeroOutput = true;
+                }
+                else /* paComplete or other non-zero value indicating complete */
+                {
+                    /* Finish playback once currently queued audio has completed. */
+                    theAsioStream->stopProcessing = true;
+
+                    if( PaUtil_IsBufferProcessorOutputEmpty( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor ) )
+                    {
+                        theAsioStream->zeroOutput = true;
+                        theAsioStream->stopPlayoutCount = 0;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        ++buffersDone;
+    }while( PaAsio_AtomicDecrement(&theAsioStream->reenterCount) >= 0 );
+
+    return 0L;
+}
+
+
+static void sampleRateChanged(ASIOSampleRate sRate)
+{
+    // TAKEN FROM THE ASIO SDK
+    // do whatever you need to do if the sample rate changed
+    // usually this only happens during external sync.
+    // Audio processing is not stopped by the driver, actual sample rate
+    // might not have even changed, maybe only the sample rate status of an
+    // AES/EBU or S/PDIF digital input at the audio device.
+    // You might have to update time/sample related conversion routines, etc.
+
+    (void) sRate; /* unused parameter */
+    PA_DEBUG( ("sampleRateChanged : %d \n", sRate));
+}
+
+static long asioMessages(long selector, long value, void* message, double* opt)
+{
+// TAKEN FROM THE ASIO SDK
+    // currently the parameters "value", "message" and "opt" are not used.
+    long ret = 0;
+
+    (void) message; /* unused parameters */
+    (void) opt;
+
+    PA_DEBUG( ("asioMessages : %d , %d \n", selector, value));
+
+    switch(selector)
+    {
+        case kAsioSelectorSupported:
+            if(value == kAsioResetRequest
+            || value == kAsioEngineVersion
+            || value == kAsioResyncRequest
+            || value == kAsioLatenciesChanged
+            // the following three were added for ASIO 2.0, you don't necessarily have to support them
+            || value == kAsioSupportsTimeInfo
+            || value == kAsioSupportsTimeCode
+            || value == kAsioSupportsInputMonitor)
+                    ret = 1L;
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioBufferSizeChange:
+            //printf("kAsioBufferSizeChange \n");
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioResetRequest:
+            // defer the task and perform the reset of the driver during the next "safe" situation
+            // You cannot reset the driver right now, as this code is called from the driver.
+            // Reset the driver is done by completely destruct is. I.e. ASIOStop(), ASIODisposeBuffers(), Destruction
+            // Afterwards you initialize the driver again.
+
+            /*FIXME: commented the next line out
+
+                see: "PA/ASIO ignores some driver notifications it probably shouldn't"
+                http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/108
+            */
+            //asioDriverInfo.stopped;  // In this sample the processing will just stop
+            ret = 1L;
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioResyncRequest:
+            // This informs the application, that the driver encountered some non fatal data loss.
+            // It is used for synchronization purposes of different media.
+            // Added mainly to work around the Win16Mutex problems in Windows 95/98 with the
+            // Windows Multimedia system, which could loose data because the Mutex was hold too long
+            // by another thread.
+            // However a driver can issue it in other situations, too.
+            ret = 1L;
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioLatenciesChanged:
+            // This will inform the host application that the drivers were latencies changed.
+            // Beware, it this does not mean that the buffer sizes have changed!
+            // You might need to update internal delay data.
+            ret = 1L;
+            //printf("kAsioLatenciesChanged \n");
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioEngineVersion:
+            // return the supported ASIO version of the host application
+            // If a host applications does not implement this selector, ASIO 1.0 is assumed
+            // by the driver
+            ret = 2L;
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioSupportsTimeInfo:
+            // informs the driver whether the asioCallbacks.bufferSwitchTimeInfo() callback
+            // is supported.
+            // For compatibility with ASIO 1.0 drivers the host application should always support
+            // the "old" bufferSwitch method, too.
+            ret = 1;
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioSupportsTimeCode:
+            // informs the driver whether application is interested in time code info.
+            // If an application does not need to know about time code, the driver has less work
+            // to do.
+            ret = 0;
+            break;
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+
+static PaError StartStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+    PaAsioStreamBlockingState *blockingState = stream->blockingState;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+
+    if( stream->outputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        ZeroOutputBuffers( stream, 0 );
+        ZeroOutputBuffers( stream, 1 );
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_ResetBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+    stream->stopProcessing = false;
+    stream->zeroOutput = false;
+
+    /* Reentrancy counter initialisation */
+    stream->reenterCount = -1;
+    stream->reenterError = 0;
+
+    stream->callbackFlags = 0;
+
+    if( ResetEvent( stream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent ) == 0 )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+    }
+
+
+    /* Using blocking i/o interface... */
+    if( blockingState )
+    {
+        /* Reset blocking i/o buffer processor. */
+        PaUtil_ResetBufferProcessor( &blockingState->bufferProcessor );
+
+        /* If we're about to process some input data. */
+        if( stream->inputChannelCount )
+        {
+            /* Reset callback-ReadStream sync event. */
+            if( ResetEvent( blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent ) == 0 )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+            }
+
+            /* Flush blocking i/o ring buffer. */
+            PaUtil_FlushRingBuffer( &blockingState->readRingBuffer );
+            (*blockingState->bufferProcessor.inputZeroer)( blockingState->readRingBuffer.buffer, 1, blockingState->bufferProcessor.inputChannelCount * blockingState->readRingBuffer.bufferSize );
+        }
+
+        /* If we're about to process some output data. */
+        if( stream->outputChannelCount )
+        {
+            /* Reset callback-WriteStream sync event. */
+            if( ResetEvent( blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent ) == 0 )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+            }
+
+            /* Flush blocking i/o ring buffer. */
+            PaUtil_FlushRingBuffer( &blockingState->writeRingBuffer );
+            (*blockingState->bufferProcessor.outputZeroer)( blockingState->writeRingBuffer.buffer, 1, blockingState->bufferProcessor.outputChannelCount * blockingState->writeRingBuffer.bufferSize );
+
+            /* Initialize the output ring buffer to "silence". */
+            PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferWriteIndex( &blockingState->writeRingBuffer, blockingState->writeRingBufferInitialFrames );
+        }
+
+        /* Clear requested frames / buffers count. */
+        blockingState->writeBuffersRequested     = 0;
+        blockingState->readFramesRequested       = 0;
+        blockingState->writeBuffersRequestedFlag = FALSE;
+        blockingState->readFramesRequestedFlag   = FALSE;
+        blockingState->outputUnderflowFlag       = FALSE;
+        blockingState->inputOverflowFlag         = FALSE;
+        blockingState->stopFlag                  = FALSE;
+    }
+
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+    {
+        assert( theAsioStream == stream ); /* theAsioStream should be set correctly in OpenStream */
+
+        /* initialize these variables before the callback has a chance to be invoked */
+        stream->isStopped = 0;
+        stream->isActive = 1;
+        stream->streamFinishedCallbackCalled = false;
+
+        asioError = ASIOStart();
+        if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+        {
+            stream->isStopped = 1;
+            stream->isActive = 0;
+
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static void EnsureCallbackHasCompleted( PaAsioStream *stream )
+{
+    // make sure that the callback is not still in-flight after ASIOStop()
+    // returns. This has been observed to happen on the Hoontech DSP24 for
+    // example.
+    int count = 2000;  // only wait for 2 seconds, rather than hanging.
+    while( stream->reenterCount != -1 && count > 0 )
+    {
+        Sleep(1);
+        --count;
+    }
+}
+
+static PaError StopStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+    PaAsioStreamBlockingState *blockingState = stream->blockingState;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+
+    if( stream->isActive )
+    {
+        /* If blocking i/o output is in use */
+        if( blockingState && stream->outputChannelCount )
+        {
+            /* Request the whole output buffer to be available. */
+            blockingState->writeBuffersRequested = blockingState->writeRingBuffer.bufferSize;
+            /* Signalize that additional buffers are need. */
+            blockingState->writeBuffersRequestedFlag = TRUE;
+            /* Set flag to indicate the playback is to be stopped. */
+            blockingState->stopFlag = TRUE;
+
+            /* Wait until requested number of buffers has been freed. Time
+               out after twice the blocking i/o output buffer could have
+               been consumed. */
+            DWORD timeout = (DWORD)( 2 * blockingState->writeRingBuffer.bufferSize * 1000
+                                       / stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate );
+            DWORD waitResult = WaitForSingleObject( blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent, timeout );
+
+            /* If something seriously went wrong... */
+            if( waitResult == WAIT_FAILED )
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() failed in StopStream()\n"));
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+            }
+            else if( waitResult == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() timed out in StopStream()\n"));
+                result = paTimedOut;
+            }
+        }
+
+        stream->stopProcessing = true;
+
+        /* wait for the stream to finish playing out enqueued buffers.
+            timeout after four times the stream latency.
+
+            @todo should use a better time out value - if the user buffer
+            length is longer than the asio buffer size then that should
+            be taken into account.
+        */
+        if( WaitForSingleObject( stream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent,
+                (DWORD)(stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency * 1000. * 4.) )
+                    == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() timed out in StopStream()\n" ));
+        }
+    }
+
+    asioError = ASIOStop();
+    if( asioError == ASE_OK )
+    {
+        EnsureCallbackHasCompleted( stream );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+    }
+
+    stream->isStopped = 1;
+    stream->isActive = 0;
+
+    if( !stream->streamFinishedCallbackCalled )
+    {
+        if( stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback != 0 )
+            stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback( stream->streamRepresentation.userData );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError AbortStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+
+    stream->zeroOutput = true;
+
+    asioError = ASIOStop();
+    if( asioError == ASE_OK )
+    {
+        EnsureCallbackHasCompleted( stream );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+    }
+
+    stream->isStopped = 1;
+    stream->isActive = 0;
+
+    if( !stream->streamFinishedCallbackCalled )
+    {
+        if( stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback != 0 )
+            stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback( stream->streamRepresentation.userData );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError IsStreamStopped( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+
+    return stream->isStopped;
+}
+
+
+static PaError IsStreamActive( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+
+    return stream->isActive;
+}
+
+
+static PaTime GetStreamTime( PaStream *s )
+{
+    (void) s; /* unused parameter */
+
+    return (double)timeGetTime() * .001;
+}
+
+
+static double GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+
+    return PaUtil_GetCpuLoad( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+}
+
+
+/*
+    As separate stream interfaces are used for blocking and callback
+    streams, the following functions can be guaranteed to only be called
+    for blocking streams.
+*/
+
+static PaError ReadStream( PaStream      *s     ,
+                           void          *buffer,
+                           unsigned long  frames )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError; /* Initial return value. */
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s; /* The PA ASIO stream. */
+
+    /* Pointer to the blocking i/o data struct. */
+    PaAsioStreamBlockingState *blockingState = stream->blockingState;
+
+    /* Get blocking i/o buffer processor and ring buffer pointers. */
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor *pBp = &blockingState->bufferProcessor;
+    PaUtilRingBuffer      *pRb = &blockingState->readRingBuffer;
+
+    /* Ring buffer segment(s) used for writing. */
+    void *pRingBufferData1st = NULL; /* First segment. (Mandatory) */
+    void *pRingBufferData2nd = NULL; /* Second segment. (Optional) */
+
+    /* Number of frames per ring buffer segment. */
+    long lRingBufferSize1st = 0; /* First segment. (Mandatory) */
+    long lRingBufferSize2nd = 0; /* Second segment. (Optional) */
+
+    /* Get number of frames to be processed per data block. */
+    unsigned long lFramesPerBlock = stream->bufferProcessor.framesPerUserBuffer;
+    /* Actual number of frames that has been copied into the ring buffer. */
+    unsigned long lFramesCopied = 0;
+    /* The number of remaining unprocessed dtat frames. */
+    unsigned long lFramesRemaining = frames;
+
+    /* Copy the input argument to avoid pointer increment! */
+    const void *userBuffer;
+    unsigned int i; /* Just a counter. */
+
+    /* About the time, needed to process 8 data blocks. */
+    DWORD timeout = (DWORD)( 8 * lFramesPerBlock * 1000 / stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate );
+    DWORD waitResult = 0;
+
+
+    /* Check if the stream is still available ready to gather new data. */
+    if( blockingState->stopFlag || !stream->isActive )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("Warning! Stream no longer available for reading in ReadStream()\n"));
+        result = paStreamIsStopped;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /* If the stream is a input stream. */
+    if( stream->inputChannelCount )
+    {
+        /* Prepare buffer access. */
+        if( !pBp->userOutputIsInterleaved )
+        {
+            userBuffer = blockingState->readStreamBuffer;
+            for( i = 0; i<pBp->inputChannelCount; ++i )
+            {
+                ((void**)userBuffer)[i] = ((void**)buffer)[i];
+            }
+        } /* Use the unchanged buffer. */
+        else { userBuffer = buffer; }
+
+        do /* Internal block processing for too large user data buffers. */
+        {
+            /* Get the size of the current data block to be processed. */
+            lFramesPerBlock =(lFramesPerBlock < lFramesRemaining)
+                            ? lFramesPerBlock : lFramesRemaining;
+            /* Use predefined block size for as long there are enough
+               buffers available, thereafter reduce the processing block
+               size to match the number of remaining buffers. So the final
+               data block is processed although it may be incomplete. */
+
+            /* If the available amount of data frames is insufficient. */
+            if( PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable(pRb) < (long) lFramesPerBlock )
+            {
+                /* Make sure, the event isn't already set! */
+                /* ResetEvent( blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent ); */
+
+                /* Set the number of requested buffers. */
+                blockingState->readFramesRequested = lFramesPerBlock;
+
+                /* Signalize that additional buffers are need. */
+                blockingState->readFramesRequestedFlag = TRUE;
+
+                /* Wait until requested number of buffers has been freed. */
+                waitResult = WaitForSingleObject( blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent, timeout );
+
+                /* If something seriously went wrong... */
+                if( waitResult == WAIT_FAILED )
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() failed in ReadStream()\n"));
+                    result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                    PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+                    return result;
+                }
+                else if( waitResult == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() timed out in ReadStream()\n"));
+
+                    /* If block processing has stopped, abort! */
+                    if( blockingState->stopFlag ) { return result = paStreamIsStopped; }
+
+                    /* If a timeout is encountered, give up eventually. */
+                    return result = paTimedOut;
+                }
+            }
+            /* Now, the ring buffer contains the required amount of data
+               frames.
+               (Therefor we don't need to check the return argument of
+               PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadRegions(). ;-) )
+            */
+
+            /* Retrieve pointer(s) to the ring buffer's current write
+               position(s). If the first buffer segment is too small to
+               store the requested number of bytes, an additional second
+               segment is returned. Otherwise, i.e. if the first segment
+               is large enough, the second segment's pointer will be NULL.
+            */
+            PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadRegions(pRb                ,
+                                            lFramesPerBlock    ,
+                                            &pRingBufferData1st,
+                                            &lRingBufferSize1st,
+                                            &pRingBufferData2nd,
+                                            &lRingBufferSize2nd);
+
+            /* Set number of frames to be copied from the ring buffer. */
+            PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( pBp, lRingBufferSize1st );
+            /* Setup ring buffer access. */
+            PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels(pBp               ,  /* Buffer processor. */
+                                               0                 ,  /* The first channel's index. */
+                                               pRingBufferData1st,  /* First ring buffer segment. */
+                                               0                 ); /* Use all available channels. */
+
+            /* If a second ring buffer segment is required. */
+            if( lRingBufferSize2nd ) {
+                /* Set number of frames to be copied from the ring buffer. */
+                PaUtil_Set2ndInputFrameCount( pBp, lRingBufferSize2nd );
+                /* Setup ring buffer access. */
+                PaUtil_Set2ndInterleavedInputChannels(pBp               ,  /* Buffer processor. */
+                                                      0                 ,  /* The first channel's index. */
+                                                      pRingBufferData2nd,  /* Second ring buffer segment. */
+                                                      0                 ); /* Use all available channels. */
+            }
+
+            /* Let the buffer processor handle "copy and conversion" and
+               update the ring buffer indices manually. */
+            lFramesCopied = PaUtil_CopyInput( pBp, &buffer, lFramesPerBlock );
+            PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferReadIndex( pRb, lFramesCopied );
+
+            /* Decrease number of unprocessed frames. */
+            lFramesRemaining -= lFramesCopied;
+
+        } /* Continue with the next data chunk. */
+        while( lFramesRemaining );
+
+
+        /* If there has been an input overflow within the callback */
+        if( blockingState->inputOverflowFlag )
+        {
+            blockingState->inputOverflowFlag = FALSE;
+
+            /* Return the corresponding error code. */
+            result = paInputOverflowed;
+        }
+
+    } /* If this is not an input stream. */
+    else {
+        result = paCanNotReadFromAnOutputOnlyStream;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError WriteStream( PaStream      *s     ,
+                            const void    *buffer,
+                            unsigned long  frames )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError; /* Initial return value. */
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s; /* The PA ASIO stream. */
+
+    /* Pointer to the blocking i/o data struct. */
+    PaAsioStreamBlockingState *blockingState = stream->blockingState;
+
+    /* Get blocking i/o buffer processor and ring buffer pointers. */
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor *pBp = &blockingState->bufferProcessor;
+    PaUtilRingBuffer      *pRb = &blockingState->writeRingBuffer;
+
+    /* Ring buffer segment(s) used for writing. */
+    void *pRingBufferData1st = NULL; /* First segment. (Mandatory) */
+    void *pRingBufferData2nd = NULL; /* Second segment. (Optional) */
+
+    /* Number of frames per ring buffer segment. */
+    long lRingBufferSize1st = 0; /* First segment. (Mandatory) */
+    long lRingBufferSize2nd = 0; /* Second segment. (Optional) */
+
+    /* Get number of frames to be processed per data block. */
+    unsigned long lFramesPerBlock = stream->bufferProcessor.framesPerUserBuffer;
+    /* Actual number of frames that has been copied into the ring buffer. */
+    unsigned long lFramesCopied = 0;
+    /* The number of remaining unprocessed dtat frames. */
+    unsigned long lFramesRemaining = frames;
+
+    /* About the time, needed to process 8 data blocks. */
+    DWORD timeout = (DWORD)( 8 * lFramesPerBlock * 1000 / stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate );
+    DWORD waitResult = 0;
+
+    /* Copy the input argument to avoid pointer increment! */
+    const void *userBuffer;
+    unsigned int i; /* Just a counter. */
+
+
+    /* Check if the stream is still available ready to receive new data. */
+    if( blockingState->stopFlag || !stream->isActive )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("Warning! Stream no longer available for writing in WriteStream()\n"));
+        result = paStreamIsStopped;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /* If the stream is a output stream. */
+    if( stream->outputChannelCount )
+    {
+        /* Prepare buffer access. */
+        if( !pBp->userOutputIsInterleaved )
+        {
+            userBuffer = blockingState->writeStreamBuffer;
+            for( i = 0; i<pBp->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+            {
+                ((const void**)userBuffer)[i] = ((const void**)buffer)[i];
+            }
+        } /* Use the unchanged buffer. */
+        else { userBuffer = buffer; }
+
+
+        do /* Internal block processing for too large user data buffers. */
+        {
+            /* Get the size of the current data block to be processed. */
+            lFramesPerBlock =(lFramesPerBlock < lFramesRemaining)
+                            ? lFramesPerBlock : lFramesRemaining;
+            /* Use predefined block size for as long there are enough
+               frames available, thereafter reduce the processing block
+               size to match the number of remaining frames. So the final
+               data block is processed although it may be incomplete. */
+
+            /* If the available amount of buffers is insufficient. */
+            if( PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteAvailable(pRb) < (long) lFramesPerBlock )
+            {
+                /* Make sure, the event isn't already set! */
+                /* ResetEvent( blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent ); */
+
+                /* Set the number of requested buffers. */
+                blockingState->writeBuffersRequested = lFramesPerBlock;
+
+                /* Signalize that additional buffers are need. */
+                blockingState->writeBuffersRequestedFlag = TRUE;
+
+                /* Wait until requested number of buffers has been freed. */
+                waitResult = WaitForSingleObject( blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent, timeout );
+
+                /* If something seriously went wrong... */
+                if( waitResult == WAIT_FAILED )
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() failed in WriteStream()\n"));
+                    result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                    PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+                    return result;
+                }
+                else if( waitResult == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() timed out in WriteStream()\n"));
+
+                    /* If block processing has stopped, abort! */
+                    if( blockingState->stopFlag ) { return result = paStreamIsStopped; }
+
+                    /* If a timeout is encountered, give up eventually. */
+                    return result = paTimedOut;
+                }
+            }
+            /* Now, the ring buffer contains the required amount of free
+               space to store the provided number of data frames.
+               (Therefor we don't need to check the return argument of
+               PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteRegions(). ;-) )
+            */
+
+            /* Retrieve pointer(s) to the ring buffer's current write
+               position(s). If the first buffer segment is too small to
+               store the requested number of bytes, an additional second
+               segment is returned. Otherwise, i.e. if the first segment
+               is large enough, the second segment's pointer will be NULL.
+            */
+            PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteRegions(pRb                ,
+                                             lFramesPerBlock    ,
+                                             &pRingBufferData1st,
+                                             &lRingBufferSize1st,
+                                             &pRingBufferData2nd,
+                                             &lRingBufferSize2nd);
+
+            /* Set number of frames to be copied to the ring buffer. */
+            PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount( pBp, lRingBufferSize1st );
+            /* Setup ring buffer access. */
+            PaUtil_SetInterleavedOutputChannels(pBp               ,  /* Buffer processor. */
+                                                0                 ,  /* The first channel's index. */
+                                                pRingBufferData1st,  /* First ring buffer segment. */
+                                                0                 ); /* Use all available channels. */
+
+            /* If a second ring buffer segment is required. */
+            if( lRingBufferSize2nd ) {
+                /* Set number of frames to be copied to the ring buffer. */
+                PaUtil_Set2ndOutputFrameCount( pBp, lRingBufferSize2nd );
+                /* Setup ring buffer access. */
+                PaUtil_Set2ndInterleavedOutputChannels(pBp               ,  /* Buffer processor. */
+                                                       0                 ,  /* The first channel's index. */
+                                                       pRingBufferData2nd,  /* Second ring buffer segment. */
+                                                       0                 ); /* Use all available channels. */
+            }
+
+            /* Let the buffer processor handle "copy and conversion" and
+               update the ring buffer indices manually. */
+            lFramesCopied = PaUtil_CopyOutput( pBp, &userBuffer, lFramesPerBlock );
+            PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferWriteIndex( pRb, lFramesCopied );
+
+            /* Decrease number of unprocessed frames. */
+            lFramesRemaining -= lFramesCopied;
+
+        } /* Continue with the next data chunk. */
+        while( lFramesRemaining );
+
+
+        /* If there has been an output underflow within the callback */
+        if( blockingState->outputUnderflowFlag )
+        {
+            blockingState->outputUnderflowFlag = FALSE;
+
+            /* Return the corresponding error code. */
+            result = paOutputUnderflowed;
+        }
+
+    } /* If this is not an output stream. */
+    else
+    {
+        result = paCanNotWriteToAnInputOnlyStream;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static signed long GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+
+    /* Call buffer utility routine to get the number of available frames. */
+    return PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable( &stream->blockingState->readRingBuffer );
+}
+
+
+static signed long GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+
+    /* Call buffer utility routine to get the number of empty buffers. */
+    return PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteAvailable( &stream->blockingState->writeRingBuffer );
+}
+
+
+/* This routine will be called by the PortAudio engine when audio is needed.
+** It may called at interrupt level on some machines so don't do anything
+** that could mess up the system like calling malloc() or free().
+*/
+static int BlockingIoPaCallback(const void                     *inputBuffer    ,
+                                      void                     *outputBuffer   ,
+                                      unsigned long             framesPerBuffer,
+                                const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo *timeInfo       ,
+                                      PaStreamCallbackFlags     statusFlags    ,
+                                      void                     *userData       )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError; /* Initial return value. */
+    PaAsioStream *stream = *(PaAsioStream**)userData; /* The PA ASIO stream. */
+    PaAsioStreamBlockingState *blockingState = stream->blockingState; /* Persume blockingState is valid, otherwise the callback wouldn't be running. */
+
+    /* Get a pointer to the stream's blocking i/o buffer processor. */
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor *pBp = &blockingState->bufferProcessor;
+    PaUtilRingBuffer      *pRb = NULL;
+
+    /* If output data has been requested. */
+    if( stream->outputChannelCount )
+    {
+        /* If the callback input argument signalizes a output underflow,
+           make sure the WriteStream() function knows about it, too! */
+        if( statusFlags & paOutputUnderflowed ) {
+            blockingState->outputUnderflowFlag = TRUE;
+        }
+
+        /* Access the corresponding ring buffer. */
+        pRb = &blockingState->writeRingBuffer;
+
+        /* If the blocking i/o buffer contains enough output data, */
+        if( PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable(pRb) >= (long) framesPerBuffer )
+        {
+            /* Extract the requested data from the ring buffer. */
+            PaUtil_ReadRingBuffer( pRb, outputBuffer, framesPerBuffer );
+        }
+        else /* If no output data is available :-( */
+        {
+            /* Signalize a write-buffer underflow. */
+            blockingState->outputUnderflowFlag = TRUE;
+
+            /* Fill the output buffer with silence. */
+            (*pBp->outputZeroer)( outputBuffer, 1, pBp->outputChannelCount * framesPerBuffer );
+
+            /* If playback is to be stopped */
+            if( blockingState->stopFlag && PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable(pRb) < (long) framesPerBuffer )
+            {
+                /* Extract all the remaining data from the ring buffer,
+                   whether it is a complete data block or not. */
+                PaUtil_ReadRingBuffer( pRb, outputBuffer, PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable(pRb) );
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* Set blocking i/o event? */
+        if( blockingState->writeBuffersRequestedFlag && PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteAvailable(pRb) >= (long) blockingState->writeBuffersRequested )
+        {
+            /* Reset buffer request. */
+            blockingState->writeBuffersRequestedFlag = FALSE;
+            blockingState->writeBuffersRequested     = 0;
+            /* Signalize that requested buffers are ready. */
+            SetEvent( blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent );
+            /* What do we do if SetEvent() returns zero, i.e. the event
+               could not be set? How to return errors from within the
+               callback? - S.Fischer */
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* If input data has been supplied. */
+    if( stream->inputChannelCount )
+    {
+        /* If the callback input argument signalizes a input overflow,
+           make sure the ReadStream() function knows about it, too! */
+        if( statusFlags & paInputOverflowed ) {
+            blockingState->inputOverflowFlag = TRUE;
+        }
+
+        /* Access the corresponding ring buffer. */
+        pRb = &blockingState->readRingBuffer;
+
+        /* If the blocking i/o buffer contains not enough input buffers */
+        if( PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteAvailable(pRb) < (long) framesPerBuffer )
+        {
+            /* Signalize a read-buffer overflow. */
+            blockingState->inputOverflowFlag = TRUE;
+
+            /* Remove some old data frames from the buffer. */
+            PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferReadIndex( pRb, framesPerBuffer );
+        }
+
+        /* Insert the current input data into the ring buffer. */
+        PaUtil_WriteRingBuffer( pRb, inputBuffer, framesPerBuffer );
+
+        /* Set blocking i/o event? */
+        if( blockingState->readFramesRequestedFlag && PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable(pRb) >= (long) blockingState->readFramesRequested )
+        {
+            /* Reset buffer request. */
+            blockingState->readFramesRequestedFlag = FALSE;
+            blockingState->readFramesRequested     = 0;
+            /* Signalize that requested buffers are ready. */
+            SetEvent( blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent );
+            /* What do we do if SetEvent() returns zero, i.e. the event
+               could not be set? How to return errors from within the
+               callback? - S.Fischer */
+            /** @todo report an error with PA_DEBUG */
+        }
+    }
+
+    return paContinue;
+}
+
+
+PaError PaAsio_ShowControlPanel( PaDeviceIndex device, void* systemSpecific )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi;
+    PaDeviceIndex hostApiDevice;
+    ASIODriverInfo asioDriverInfo;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+    int asioIsInitialized = 0;
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi;
+    PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo;
+    PaWinUtilComInitializationResult comInitializationResult;
+
+    /* initialize COM again here, we might be in another thread */
+    result = PaWinUtil_CoInitialize( paASIO, &comInitializationResult );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        return result;
+
+    result = PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( &hostApi, paASIO );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    result = PaUtil_DeviceIndexToHostApiDeviceIndex( &hostApiDevice, device, hostApi );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    /*
+        In theory we could proceed if the currently open device was the same
+        one for which the control panel was requested, however  because the
+        window pointer is not available until this function is called we
+        currently need to call ASIOInit() again here, which of course can't be
+        done safely while a stream is open.
+    */
+
+    asioHostApi = (PaAsioHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    if( asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex != paNoDevice )
+    {
+        result = paDeviceUnavailable;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    asioDeviceInfo = (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[hostApiDevice];
+
+    if( !asioHostApi->asioDrivers->loadDriver( const_cast<char*>(asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo.name) ) )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* CRUCIAL!!! */
+    memset( &asioDriverInfo, 0, sizeof(ASIODriverInfo) );
+    asioDriverInfo.asioVersion = 2;
+    asioDriverInfo.sysRef = systemSpecific;
+    asioError = ASIOInit( &asioDriverInfo );
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        goto error;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        asioIsInitialized = 1;
+    }
+
+PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_ShowControlPanel: ASIOInit(): %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+PA_DEBUG(("asioVersion: ASIOInit(): %ld\n",   asioDriverInfo.asioVersion ));
+PA_DEBUG(("driverVersion: ASIOInit(): %ld\n", asioDriverInfo.driverVersion ));
+PA_DEBUG(("Name: ASIOInit(): %s\n",           asioDriverInfo.name ));
+PA_DEBUG(("ErrorMessage: ASIOInit(): %s\n",   asioDriverInfo.errorMessage ));
+
+    asioError = ASIOControlPanel();
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_ShowControlPanel: ASIOControlPanel(): %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_ShowControlPanel: ASIOControlPanel(): %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+
+    asioError = ASIOExit();
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        asioIsInitialized = 0;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_ShowControlPanel: ASIOExit(): %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    if( asioIsInitialized )
+    {
+        ASIOExit();
+    }
+
+    PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize( paASIO, &comInitializationResult );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError PaAsio_GetInputChannelName( PaDeviceIndex device, int channelIndex,
+        const char** channelName )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi;
+    PaDeviceIndex hostApiDevice;
+    PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo;
+
+
+    result = PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( &hostApi, paASIO );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    result = PaUtil_DeviceIndexToHostApiDeviceIndex( &hostApiDevice, device, hostApi );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    asioDeviceInfo = (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[hostApiDevice];
+
+    if( channelIndex < 0 || channelIndex >= asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo.maxInputChannels ){
+        result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    *channelName = asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[channelIndex].name;
+
+    return paNoError;
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError PaAsio_GetOutputChannelName( PaDeviceIndex device, int channelIndex,
+        const char** channelName )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi;
+    PaDeviceIndex hostApiDevice;
+    PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo;
+
+
+    result = PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( &hostApi, paASIO );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    result = PaUtil_DeviceIndexToHostApiDeviceIndex( &hostApiDevice, device, hostApi );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    asioDeviceInfo = (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[hostApiDevice];
+
+    if( channelIndex < 0 || channelIndex >= asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo.maxOutputChannels ){
+        result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    *channelName = asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[
+            asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo.maxInputChannels + channelIndex].name;
+
+    return paNoError;
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/* NOTE: the following functions are ASIO-stream specific, and are called directly
+    by client code. We need to check for many more error conditions here because
+    we don't have the benefit of pa_front.c's parameter checking.
+*/
+
+static PaError GetAsioStreamPointer( PaAsioStream **stream, PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi;
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi;
+
+    result = PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( s );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        return result;
+
+    result = PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( &hostApi, paASIO );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        return result;
+
+    asioHostApi = (PaAsioHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+
+    if( PA_STREAM_REP( s )->streamInterface == &asioHostApi->callbackStreamInterface
+            || PA_STREAM_REP( s )->streamInterface == &asioHostApi->blockingStreamInterface )
+    {
+        /* s is an ASIO  stream */
+        *stream = (PaAsioStream *)s;
+        return paNoError;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return paIncompatibleStreamHostApi;
+    }
+}
+
+
+PaError PaAsio_SetStreamSampleRate( PaStream* s, double sampleRate )
+{
+    PaAsioStream *stream;
+    PaError result = GetAsioStreamPointer( &stream, s );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        return result;
+
+    if( stream != theAsioStream )
+        return paBadStreamPtr;
+
+    return ValidateAndSetSampleRate( sampleRate );
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Linux/include/pa_asio.h b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/include/pa_asio.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..27cbd3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/include/pa_asio.h
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+#ifndef PA_ASIO_H
+#define PA_ASIO_H
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * ASIO specific extensions
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2000 Ross Bencina and Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup public_header
+ @brief ASIO-specific PortAudio API extension header file.
+*/
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+/** Retrieve legal native buffer sizes for the specified device, in sample frames.
+
+ @param device The global index of the device about which the query is being made.
+ @param minBufferSizeFrames A pointer to the location which will receive the minimum buffer size value.
+ @param maxBufferSizeFrames A pointer to the location which will receive the maximum buffer size value.
+ @param preferredBufferSizeFrames A pointer to the location which will receive the preferred buffer size value.
+ @param granularity A pointer to the location which will receive the "granularity". This value determines
+ the step size used to compute the legal values between minBufferSizeFrames and maxBufferSizeFrames.
+ If granularity is -1 then available buffer size values are powers of two.
+
+ @see ASIOGetBufferSize in the ASIO SDK.
+
+ @note: this function used to be called PaAsio_GetAvailableLatencyValues. There is a
+ #define that maps PaAsio_GetAvailableLatencyValues to this function for backwards compatibility.
+*/
+PaError PaAsio_GetAvailableBufferSizes( PaDeviceIndex device,
+        long *minBufferSizeFrames, long *maxBufferSizeFrames, long *preferredBufferSizeFrames, long *granularity );
+
+
+/** Backwards compatibility alias for PaAsio_GetAvailableBufferSizes
+
+ @see PaAsio_GetAvailableBufferSizes
+*/
+#define PaAsio_GetAvailableLatencyValues PaAsio_GetAvailableBufferSizes
+
+
+/** Display the ASIO control panel for the specified device.
+
+  @param device The global index of the device whose control panel is to be displayed.
+  @param systemSpecific On Windows, the calling application's main window handle,
+  on Macintosh this value should be zero.
+*/
+PaError PaAsio_ShowControlPanel( PaDeviceIndex device, void* systemSpecific );
+
+
+
+
+/** Retrieve a pointer to a string containing the name of the specified
+ input channel. The string is valid until Pa_Terminate is called.
+
+ The string will be no longer than 32 characters including the null terminator.
+*/
+PaError PaAsio_GetInputChannelName( PaDeviceIndex device, int channelIndex,
+        const char** channelName );
+
+
+/** Retrieve a pointer to a string containing the name of the specified
+ input channel. The string is valid until Pa_Terminate is called.
+
+ The string will be no longer than 32 characters including the null terminator.
+*/
+PaError PaAsio_GetOutputChannelName( PaDeviceIndex device, int channelIndex,
+        const char** channelName );
+
+
+/** Set the sample rate of an open paASIO stream.
+
+ @param stream The stream to operate on.
+ @param sampleRate The new sample rate.
+
+ Note that this function may fail if the stream is already running and the
+ ASIO driver does not support switching the sample rate of a running stream.
+
+ Returns paIncompatibleStreamHostApi if stream is not a paASIO stream.
+*/
+PaError PaAsio_SetStreamSampleRate( PaStream* stream, double sampleRate );
+
+
+#define paAsioUseChannelSelectors      (0x01)
+
+typedef struct PaAsioStreamInfo{
+    unsigned long size;             /**< sizeof(PaAsioStreamInfo) */
+    PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType;    /**< paASIO */
+    unsigned long version;          /**< 1 */
+
+    unsigned long flags;
+
+    /* Support for opening only specific channels of an ASIO device.
+        If the paAsioUseChannelSelectors flag is set, channelSelectors is a
+        pointer to an array of integers specifying the device channels to use.
+        When used, the length of the channelSelectors array must match the
+        corresponding channelCount parameter to Pa_OpenStream() otherwise a
+        crash may result.
+        The values in the selectors array must specify channels within the
+        range of supported channels for the device or paInvalidChannelCount will
+        result.
+    */
+    int *channelSelectors;
+}PaAsioStreamInfo;
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif /* PA_ASIO_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Linux/include/pa_linux_alsa.h b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/include/pa_linux_alsa.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c940615
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Linux/include/pa_linux_alsa.h
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+#ifndef PA_LINUX_ALSA_H
+#define PA_LINUX_ALSA_H
+
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * ALSA-specific extensions
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2000 Ross Bencina and Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ *  @ingroup public_header
+ *  @brief ALSA-specific PortAudio API extension header file.
+ */
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+typedef struct PaAlsaStreamInfo
+{
+    unsigned long size;
+    PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType;
+    unsigned long version;
+
+    const char *deviceString;
+}
+PaAlsaStreamInfo;
+
+/** Initialize host API specific structure, call this before setting relevant attributes. */
+void PaAlsa_InitializeStreamInfo( PaAlsaStreamInfo *info );
+
+/** Instruct whether to enable real-time priority when starting the audio thread.
+ *
+ * If this is turned on by the stream is started, the audio callback thread will be created
+ * with the FIFO scheduling policy, which is suitable for realtime operation.
+ **/
+void PaAlsa_EnableRealtimeScheduling( PaStream *s, int enable );
+
+#if 0
+void PaAlsa_EnableWatchdog( PaStream *s, int enable );
+#endif
+
+/** Get the ALSA-lib card index of this stream's input device. */
+PaError PaAlsa_GetStreamInputCard( PaStream *s, int *card );
+
+/** Get the ALSA-lib card index of this stream's output device. */
+PaError PaAlsa_GetStreamOutputCard( PaStream *s, int *card );
+
+/** Set the number of periods (buffer fragments) to configure devices with.
+ *
+ * By default the number of periods is 4, this is the lowest number of periods that works well on
+ * the author's soundcard.
+ * @param numPeriods The number of periods.
+ */
+PaError PaAlsa_SetNumPeriods( int numPeriods );
+
+/** Set the maximum number of times to retry opening busy device (sleeping for a
+ * short interval inbetween).
+ */
+PaError PaAlsa_SetRetriesBusy( int retries );
+
+/** Set the path and name of ALSA library file if PortAudio is configured to load it dynamically (see
+ *  PA_ALSA_DYNAMIC). This setting will overwrite the default name set by PA_ALSA_PATHNAME define.
+ * @param pathName Full path with filename. Only filename can be used, but dlopen() will lookup default
+ *                 searchable directories (/usr/lib;/usr/local/lib) then.
+ */
+void PaAlsa_SetLibraryPathName( const char *pathName );
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asio.cpp b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asio.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f0a2f7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asio.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+/*
+	Steinberg Audio Stream I/O API
+	(c) 1996 - 2019, Steinberg Soft- und Hardware GmbH
+
+	asio.cpp
+	
+	asio functions entries which translate the
+	asio interface to the asiodrvr class methods
+*/ 
+	
+#include <string.h>
+#include "asiosys.h"		// platform definition
+#include "asio.h"
+
+#if MAC
+#include "asiodrvr.h"
+
+#pragma export on
+
+AsioDriver *theAsioDriver = 0;
+
+extern "C"
+{
+
+long main()
+{
+	return 'ASIO';
+}
+
+#elif WINDOWS
+
+#include "windows.h"
+#include "iasiodrv.h"
+#include "asiodrivers.h"
+
+IASIO *theAsioDriver = 0;
+extern AsioDrivers *asioDrivers;
+
+#elif SGI || SUN || BEOS || LINUX
+#include "asiodrvr.h"
+static AsioDriver *theAsioDriver = 0;
+#endif
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ASIOError ASIOInit(ASIODriverInfo *info)
+{
+#if MAC || SGI || SUN || BEOS || LINUX
+	if(theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		delete theAsioDriver;
+		theAsioDriver = 0;
+	}		
+	info->driverVersion = 0;
+	strcpy(info->name, "No ASIO Driver");
+	theAsioDriver = getDriver();
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		strcpy(info->errorMessage, "Not enough memory for the ASIO driver!"); 
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	if(!theAsioDriver->init(info->sysRef))
+	{
+		theAsioDriver->getErrorMessage(info->errorMessage);
+		delete theAsioDriver;
+		theAsioDriver = 0;
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	strcpy(info->errorMessage, "No ASIO Driver Error");
+	theAsioDriver->getDriverName(info->name);
+	info->driverVersion = theAsioDriver->getDriverVersion();
+	return ASE_OK;
+
+#else
+
+	info->driverVersion = 0;
+	strcpy(info->name, "No ASIO Driver");
+	if(theAsioDriver)	// must be loaded!
+	{
+		if(!theAsioDriver->init(info->sysRef))
+		{
+			theAsioDriver->getErrorMessage(info->errorMessage);
+			theAsioDriver = 0;
+			return ASE_NotPresent;
+		}
+
+		strcpy(info->errorMessage, "No ASIO Driver Error");
+		theAsioDriver->getDriverName(info->name);
+		info->driverVersion = theAsioDriver->getDriverVersion();
+		return ASE_OK;
+	}
+	return ASE_NotPresent;
+
+#endif	// !MAC
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOExit(void)
+{
+	if(theAsioDriver)
+	{
+#if WINDOWS
+		asioDrivers->removeCurrentDriver();
+#else
+		delete theAsioDriver;
+#endif
+	}		
+	theAsioDriver = 0;
+	return ASE_OK;
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOStart(void)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->start();
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOStop(void)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->stop();
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetChannels(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		*numInputChannels = *numOutputChannels = 0;
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	return theAsioDriver->getChannels(numInputChannels, numOutputChannels);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetLatencies(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		*inputLatency = *outputLatency = 0;
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	return theAsioDriver->getLatencies(inputLatency, outputLatency);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetBufferSize(long *minSize, long *maxSize, long *preferredSize, long *granularity)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		*minSize = *maxSize = *preferredSize = *granularity = 0;
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	return theAsioDriver->getBufferSize(minSize, maxSize, preferredSize, granularity);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOCanSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->canSampleRate(sampleRate);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate *currentRate)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->getSampleRate(currentRate);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOSetSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->setSampleRate(sampleRate);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetClockSources(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		*numSources = 0;
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	return theAsioDriver->getClockSources(clocks, numSources);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOSetClockSource(long reference)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->setClockSource(reference);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetSamplePosition(ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->getSamplePosition(sPos, tStamp);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetChannelInfo(ASIOChannelInfo *info)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		info->channelGroup = -1;
+		info->type = ASIOSTInt16MSB;
+		strcpy(info->name, "None");
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	return theAsioDriver->getChannelInfo(info);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOCreateBuffers(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos, long numChannels,
+	long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		ASIOBufferInfo *info = bufferInfos;
+		for(long i = 0; i < numChannels; i++, info++)
+			info->buffers[0] = info->buffers[1] = 0;
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	return theAsioDriver->createBuffers(bufferInfos, numChannels, bufferSize, callbacks);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIODisposeBuffers(void)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->disposeBuffers();
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOControlPanel(void)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->controlPanel();
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOFuture(long selector, void *opt)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->future(selector, opt);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOOutputReady(void)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->outputReady();
+}
+
+#if MAC
+}	// extern "C"
+#pragma export off
+#endif
+
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asio.h b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asio.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5760f49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asio.h
@@ -0,0 +1,1070 @@
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/*
+	Steinberg Audio Stream I/O API
+	(c) 1997 - 2019, Steinberg Media Technologies GmbH
+
+	ASIO Interface Specification v 2.3
+
+	2005 - Added support for DSD sample data (in cooperation with Sony)
+	2012 - Added support for drop out detection
+		
+	
+
+	basic concept is an i/o synchronous double-buffer scheme:
+	
+	on bufferSwitch(index == 0), host will read/write:
+
+		after ASIOStart(), the
+  read  first input buffer A (index 0)
+	|   will be invalid (empty)
+	*   ------------------------
+	|------------------------|-----------------------|
+	|                        |                       |
+	|  Input Buffer A (0)    |   Input Buffer B (1)  |
+	|                        |                       |
+	|------------------------|-----------------------|
+	|                        |                       |
+	|  Output Buffer A (0)   |   Output Buffer B (1) |
+	|                        |                       |
+	|------------------------|-----------------------|
+	*                        -------------------------
+	|                        before calling ASIOStart(),
+  write                      host will have filled output
+                             buffer B (index 1) already
+
+  *please* take special care of proper statement of input
+  and output latencies (see ASIOGetLatencies()), these
+  control sequencer sync accuracy
+
+*/
+
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/*
+
+prototypes summary:
+
+ASIOError ASIOInit(ASIODriverInfo *info);
+ASIOError ASIOExit(void);
+ASIOError ASIOStart(void);
+ASIOError ASIOStop(void);
+ASIOError ASIOGetChannels(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels);
+ASIOError ASIOGetLatencies(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency);
+ASIOError ASIOGetBufferSize(long *minSize, long *maxSize, long *preferredSize, long *granularity);
+ASIOError ASIOCanSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate);
+ASIOError ASIOGetSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate *currentRate);
+ASIOError ASIOSetSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate);
+ASIOError ASIOGetClockSources(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources);
+ASIOError ASIOSetClockSource(long reference);
+ASIOError ASIOGetSamplePosition (ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp);
+ASIOError ASIOGetChannelInfo(ASIOChannelInfo *info);
+ASIOError ASIOCreateBuffers(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos, long numChannels,
+	long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks);
+ASIOError ASIODisposeBuffers(void);
+ASIOError ASIOControlPanel(void);
+void *ASIOFuture(long selector, void *params);
+ASIOError ASIOOutputReady(void);
+
+*/
+
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef __ASIO_H
+#define __ASIO_H
+
+// force 4 byte alignment
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__MWERKS__) 
+#pragma pack(push,4)
+#elif PRAGMA_ALIGN_SUPPORTED
+#pragma options align = native
+#endif
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// Type definitions
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+// number of samples data type is 64 bit integer
+#if NATIVE_INT64
+	typedef long long int ASIOSamples;
+#else
+	typedef struct ASIOSamples {
+		unsigned long hi;
+		unsigned long lo;
+	} ASIOSamples;
+#endif
+
+// Timestamp data type is 64 bit integer,
+// Time format is Nanoseconds.
+#if NATIVE_INT64
+	typedef long long int ASIOTimeStamp ;
+#else
+	typedef struct ASIOTimeStamp {
+		unsigned long hi;
+		unsigned long lo;
+	} ASIOTimeStamp;
+#endif
+
+// Samplerates are expressed in IEEE 754 64 bit double float,
+// native format as host computer
+#if IEEE754_64FLOAT
+	typedef double ASIOSampleRate;
+#else
+	typedef struct ASIOSampleRate {
+		char ieee[8];
+	} ASIOSampleRate;
+#endif
+
+// Boolean values are expressed as long
+typedef long ASIOBool;
+enum {
+	ASIOFalse = 0,
+	ASIOTrue = 1
+};
+
+// Sample Types are expressed as long
+typedef long ASIOSampleType;
+enum {
+	ASIOSTInt16MSB   = 0,
+	ASIOSTInt24MSB   = 1,		// used for 20 bits as well
+	ASIOSTInt32MSB   = 2,
+	ASIOSTFloat32MSB = 3,		// IEEE 754 32 bit float
+	ASIOSTFloat64MSB = 4,		// IEEE 754 64 bit double float
+
+	// these are used for 32 bit data buffer, with different alignment of the data inside
+	// 32 bit PCI bus systems can be more easily used with these
+	ASIOSTInt32MSB16 = 8,		// 32 bit data with 16 bit alignment
+	ASIOSTInt32MSB18 = 9,		// 32 bit data with 18 bit alignment
+	ASIOSTInt32MSB20 = 10,		// 32 bit data with 20 bit alignment
+	ASIOSTInt32MSB24 = 11,		// 32 bit data with 24 bit alignment
+	
+	ASIOSTInt16LSB   = 16,
+	ASIOSTInt24LSB   = 17,		// used for 20 bits as well
+	ASIOSTInt32LSB   = 18,
+	ASIOSTFloat32LSB = 19,		// IEEE 754 32 bit float, as found on Intel x86 architecture
+	ASIOSTFloat64LSB = 20, 		// IEEE 754 64 bit double float, as found on Intel x86 architecture
+
+	// these are used for 32 bit data buffer, with different alignment of the data inside
+	// 32 bit PCI bus systems can more easily used with these
+	ASIOSTInt32LSB16 = 24,		// 32 bit data with 18 bit alignment
+	ASIOSTInt32LSB18 = 25,		// 32 bit data with 18 bit alignment
+	ASIOSTInt32LSB20 = 26,		// 32 bit data with 20 bit alignment
+	ASIOSTInt32LSB24 = 27,		// 32 bit data with 24 bit alignment
+
+	//	ASIO DSD format.
+	ASIOSTDSDInt8LSB1   = 32,		// DSD 1 bit data, 8 samples per byte. First sample in Least significant bit.
+	ASIOSTDSDInt8MSB1   = 33,		// DSD 1 bit data, 8 samples per byte. First sample in Most significant bit.
+	ASIOSTDSDInt8NER8	= 40,		// DSD 8 bit data, 1 sample per byte. No Endianness required.
+
+	ASIOSTLastEntry
+};
+
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// DSD operation and buffer layout
+// Definition by Steinberg/Sony Oxford.
+//
+// We have tried to treat DSD as PCM and so keep a consistant structure across
+// the ASIO interface.
+//
+// DSD's sample rate is normally referenced as a multiple of 44.1Khz, so
+// the standard sample rate is refered to as 64Fs (or 2.8224Mhz). We looked
+// at making a special case for DSD and adding a field to the ASIOFuture that
+// would allow the user to select the Over Sampleing Rate (OSR) as a seperate
+// entity but decided in the end just to treat it as a simple value of
+// 2.8224Mhz and use the standard interface to set it.
+//
+// The second problem was the "word" size, in PCM the word size is always a
+// greater than or equal to 8 bits (a byte). This makes life easy as we can
+// then pack the samples into the "natural" size for the machine.
+// In DSD the "word" size is 1 bit. This is not a major problem and can easily
+// be dealt with if we ensure that we always deal with a multiple of 8 samples.
+//
+// DSD brings with it another twist to the Endianness religion. How are the
+// samples packed into the byte. It would be nice to just say the most significant
+// bit is always the first sample, however there would then be a performance hit
+// on little endian machines. Looking at how some of the processing goes...
+// Little endian machines like the first sample to be in the Least Significant Bit,
+//   this is because when you write it to memory the data is in the correct format
+//   to be shifted in and out of the words.
+// Big endian machine prefer the first sample to be in the Most Significant Bit,
+//   again for the same reasion.
+//
+// And just when things were looking really muddy there is a proposed extension to
+// DSD that uses 8 bit word sizes. It does not care what endianness you use.
+//
+// Switching the driver between DSD and PCM mode
+// ASIOFuture allows for extending the ASIO API quite transparently.
+// See kAsioSetIoFormat, kAsioGetIoFormat, kAsioCanDoIoFormat
+//
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// Error codes
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+typedef long ASIOError;
+enum {
+	ASE_OK = 0,             // This value will be returned whenever the call succeeded
+	ASE_SUCCESS = 0x3f4847a0,	// unique success return value for ASIOFuture calls
+	ASE_NotPresent = -1000, // hardware input or output is not present or available
+	ASE_HWMalfunction,      // hardware is malfunctioning (can be returned by any ASIO function)
+	ASE_InvalidParameter,   // input parameter invalid
+	ASE_InvalidMode,        // hardware is in a bad mode or used in a bad mode
+	ASE_SPNotAdvancing,     // hardware is not running when sample position is inquired
+	ASE_NoClock,            // sample clock or rate cannot be determined or is not present
+	ASE_NoMemory            // not enough memory for completing the request
+};
+
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// Time Info support
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+typedef struct ASIOTimeCode
+{       
+	double          speed;                  // speed relation (fraction of nominal speed)
+	                                        // optional; set to 0. or 1. if not supported
+	ASIOSamples     timeCodeSamples;        // time in samples
+	unsigned long   flags;                  // some information flags (see below)
+	char future[64];
+} ASIOTimeCode;
+
+typedef enum ASIOTimeCodeFlags
+{
+	kTcValid                = 1,
+	kTcRunning              = 1 << 1,
+	kTcReverse              = 1 << 2,
+	kTcOnspeed              = 1 << 3,
+	kTcStill                = 1 << 4,
+	
+	kTcSpeedValid           = 1 << 8
+}  ASIOTimeCodeFlags;
+
+typedef struct AsioTimeInfo
+{
+	double          speed;                  // absolute speed (1. = nominal)
+	ASIOTimeStamp   systemTime;             // system time related to samplePosition, in nanoseconds
+	                                        // on mac, must be derived from Microseconds() (not UpTime()!)
+	                                        // on windows, must be derived from timeGetTime()
+	ASIOSamples     samplePosition;
+	ASIOSampleRate  sampleRate;             // current rate
+	unsigned long flags;                    // (see below)
+	char reserved[12];
+} AsioTimeInfo;
+
+typedef enum AsioTimeInfoFlags
+{
+	kSystemTimeValid        = 1,            // must always be valid
+	kSamplePositionValid    = 1 << 1,       // must always be valid
+	kSampleRateValid        = 1 << 2,
+	kSpeedValid             = 1 << 3,
+	
+	kSampleRateChanged      = 1 << 4,
+	kClockSourceChanged     = 1 << 5
+} AsioTimeInfoFlags;
+
+typedef struct ASIOTime                          // both input/output
+{
+	long reserved[4];                       // must be 0
+	struct AsioTimeInfo     timeInfo;       // required
+	struct ASIOTimeCode     timeCode;       // optional, evaluated if (timeCode.flags & kTcValid)
+} ASIOTime;
+
+/*
+
+using time info:
+it is recommended to use the new method with time info even if the asio
+device does not support timecode; continuous calls to ASIOGetSamplePosition
+and ASIOGetSampleRate are avoided, and there is a more defined relationship
+between callback time and the time info.
+
+see the example below.
+to initiate time info mode, after you have received the callbacks pointer in
+ASIOCreateBuffers, you will call the asioMessage callback with kAsioSupportsTimeInfo
+as the argument. if this returns 1, host has accepted time info mode.
+now host expects the new callback bufferSwitchTimeInfo to be used instead
+of the old bufferSwitch method. the ASIOTime structure is assumed to be valid
+and accessible until the callback returns.
+
+using time code:
+if the device supports reading time code, it will call host's asioMessage callback
+with kAsioSupportsTimeCode as the selector. it may then fill the according
+fields and set the kTcValid flag.
+host will call the future method with the kAsioEnableTimeCodeRead selector when
+it wants to enable or disable tc reading by the device. you should also support
+the kAsioCanTimeInfo and kAsioCanTimeCode selectors in ASIOFuture (see example).
+
+note:
+the AsioTimeInfo/ASIOTimeCode pair is supposed to work in both directions.
+as a matter of convention, the relationship between the sample
+position counter and the time code at buffer switch time is
+(ignoring offset between tc and sample pos when tc is running):
+
+on input:	sample 0 -> input  buffer sample 0 -> time code 0
+on output:	sample 0 -> output buffer sample 0 -> time code 0
+
+this means that for 'real' calculations, one has to take into account
+the according latencies.
+
+example:
+
+ASIOTime asioTime;
+
+in createBuffers()
+{
+	memset(&asioTime, 0, sizeof(ASIOTime));
+	AsioTimeInfo* ti = &asioTime.timeInfo;
+	ti->sampleRate = theSampleRate;
+	ASIOTimeCode* tc = &asioTime.timeCode;
+	tc->speed = 1.;
+	timeInfoMode = false;
+	canTimeCode = false;
+	if(callbacks->asioMessage(kAsioSupportsTimeInfo, 0, 0, 0) == 1)
+	{
+		timeInfoMode = true;
+#if kCanTimeCode
+		if(callbacks->asioMessage(kAsioSupportsTimeCode, 0, 0, 0) == 1)
+			canTimeCode = true;
+#endif
+	}
+}
+
+void switchBuffers(long doubleBufferIndex, bool processNow)
+{
+	if(timeInfoMode)
+	{
+		AsioTimeInfo* ti = &asioTime.timeInfo;
+		ti->flags =	kSystemTimeValid | kSamplePositionValid | kSampleRateValid;
+		ti->systemTime = theNanoSeconds;
+		ti->samplePosition = theSamplePosition;
+		if(ti->sampleRate != theSampleRate)
+			ti->flags |= kSampleRateChanged;
+		ti->sampleRate = theSampleRate;
+
+#if kCanTimeCode
+		if(canTimeCode && timeCodeEnabled)
+		{
+			ASIOTimeCode* tc = &asioTime.timeCode;
+			tc->timeCodeSamples = tcSamples;						// tc in samples
+			tc->flags = kTcValid | kTcRunning | kTcOnspeed;			// if so...
+		}
+		ASIOTime* bb = callbacks->bufferSwitchTimeInfo(&asioTime, doubleBufferIndex, processNow ? ASIOTrue : ASIOFalse);
+#else
+		callbacks->bufferSwitchTimeInfo(&asioTime, doubleBufferIndex, processNow ? ASIOTrue : ASIOFalse);
+#endif
+	}
+	else
+		callbacks->bufferSwitch(doubleBufferIndex, ASIOFalse);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOFuture(long selector, void *params)
+{
+	switch(selector)
+	{
+		case kAsioEnableTimeCodeRead:
+			timeCodeEnabled = true;
+			return ASE_SUCCESS;
+		case kAsioDisableTimeCodeRead:
+			timeCodeEnabled = false;
+			return ASE_SUCCESS;
+		case kAsioCanTimeInfo:
+			return ASE_SUCCESS;
+		#if kCanTimeCode
+		case kAsioCanTimeCode:
+			return ASE_SUCCESS;
+		#endif
+	}
+	return ASE_NotPresent;
+};
+
+*/
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// application's audio stream handler callbacks
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+typedef struct ASIOCallbacks
+{
+	void (*bufferSwitch) (long doubleBufferIndex, ASIOBool directProcess);
+		// bufferSwitch indicates that both input and output are to be processed.
+		// the current buffer half index (0 for A, 1 for B) determines
+		// - the output buffer that the host should start to fill. the other buffer
+		//   will be passed to output hardware regardless of whether it got filled
+		//   in time or not.
+		// - the input buffer that is now filled with incoming data. Note that
+		//   because of the synchronicity of i/o, the input always has at
+		//   least one buffer latency in relation to the output.
+		// directProcess suggests to the host whether it should immedeately
+		// start processing (directProcess == ASIOTrue), or whether its process
+		// should be deferred because the call comes from a very low level
+		// (for instance, a high level priority interrupt), and direct processing
+		// would cause timing instabilities for the rest of the system. If in doubt,
+		// directProcess should be set to ASIOFalse.
+		// Note: bufferSwitch may be called at interrupt time for highest efficiency.
+
+	void (*sampleRateDidChange) (ASIOSampleRate sRate);
+		// gets called when the AudioStreamIO detects a sample rate change
+		// If sample rate is unknown, 0 is passed (for instance, clock loss
+		// when externally synchronized).
+
+	long (*asioMessage) (long selector, long value, void* message, double* opt);
+		// generic callback for various purposes, see selectors below.
+		// note this is only present if the asio version is 2 or higher
+
+	ASIOTime* (*bufferSwitchTimeInfo) (ASIOTime* params, long doubleBufferIndex, ASIOBool directProcess);
+		// new callback with time info. makes ASIOGetSamplePosition() and various
+		// calls to ASIOGetSampleRate obsolete,
+		// and allows for timecode sync etc. to be preferred; will be used if
+		// the driver calls asioMessage with selector kAsioSupportsTimeInfo.
+} ASIOCallbacks;
+
+// asioMessage selectors
+enum
+{
+	kAsioSelectorSupported = 1,	// selector in <value>, returns 1L if supported,
+								// 0 otherwise
+    kAsioEngineVersion,			// returns engine (host) asio implementation version,
+								// 2 or higher
+	kAsioResetRequest,			// request driver reset. if accepted, this
+								// will close the driver (ASIO_Exit() ) and
+								// re-open it again (ASIO_Init() etc). some
+								// drivers need to reconfigure for instance
+								// when the sample rate changes, or some basic
+								// changes have been made in ASIO_ControlPanel().
+								// returns 1L; note the request is merely passed
+								// to the application, there is no way to determine
+								// if it gets accepted at this time (but it usually
+								// will be).
+	kAsioBufferSizeChange,		// not yet supported, will currently always return 0L.
+								// for now, use kAsioResetRequest instead.
+								// once implemented, the new buffer size is expected
+								// in <value>, and on success returns 1L
+	kAsioResyncRequest,			// the driver went out of sync, such that
+								// the timestamp is no longer valid. this
+								// is a request to re-start the engine and
+								// slave devices (sequencer). returns 1 for ok,
+								// 0 if not supported.
+	kAsioLatenciesChanged, 		// the drivers latencies have changed. The engine
+								// will refetch the latencies.
+	kAsioSupportsTimeInfo,		// if host returns true here, it will expect the
+								// callback bufferSwitchTimeInfo to be called instead
+								// of bufferSwitch
+	kAsioSupportsTimeCode,		// 
+	kAsioMMCCommand,			// unused - value: number of commands, message points to mmc commands
+	kAsioSupportsInputMonitor,	// kAsioSupportsXXX return 1 if host supports this
+	kAsioSupportsInputGain,     // unused and undefined
+	kAsioSupportsInputMeter,    // unused and undefined
+	kAsioSupportsOutputGain,    // unused and undefined
+	kAsioSupportsOutputMeter,   // unused and undefined
+	kAsioOverload,              // driver detected an overload
+
+	kAsioNumMessageSelectors
+};
+
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// (De-)Construction
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+typedef struct ASIODriverInfo
+{
+	long asioVersion;		// currently, 2
+	long driverVersion;		// driver specific
+	char name[32];
+	char errorMessage[124];
+	void *sysRef;			// on input: system reference
+							// (Windows: application main window handle, Mac & SGI: 0)
+} ASIODriverInfo;
+
+ASIOError ASIOInit(ASIODriverInfo *info);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Initialize the AudioStreamIO.
+	Parameter:
+	  info: pointer to an ASIODriver structure:
+	    - asioVersion:
+			- on input, the host version. *** Note *** this is 0 for earlier asio
+			implementations, and the asioMessage callback is implemeted
+			only if asioVersion is 2 or greater. sorry but due to a design fault
+			the driver doesn't have access to the host version in ASIOInit :-(
+			added selector for host (engine) version in the asioMessage callback
+			so we're ok from now on.
+			- on return, asio implementation version.
+			  older versions are 1
+			  if you support this version (namely, ASIO_outputReady() )
+			  this should be 2 or higher. also see the note in
+			  ASIO_getTimeStamp() !
+	    - version: on return, the driver version (format is driver specific)
+	    - name: on return, a null-terminated string containing the driver's name
+		- error message: on return, should contain a user message describing
+		  the type of error that occured during ASIOInit(), if any.
+		- sysRef: platform specific
+	Returns:
+	  If neither input nor output is present ASE_NotPresent
+	  will be returned.
+	  ASE_NoMemory, ASE_HWMalfunction are other possible error conditions
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOExit(void);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Terminates the AudioStreamIO.
+	Parameter:
+	  None.
+	Returns:
+	  If neither input nor output is present ASE_NotPresent
+	  will be returned.
+	Notes: this implies ASIOStop() and ASIODisposeBuffers(),
+	  meaning that no host callbacks must be accessed after ASIOExit().
+*/
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// Start/Stop
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+ASIOError ASIOStart(void);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Start input and output processing synchronously.
+	  This will
+	  - reset the sample counter to zero
+	  - start the hardware (both input and output)
+	    The first call to the hosts' bufferSwitch(index == 0) then tells
+	    the host to read from input buffer A (index 0), and start
+	    processing to output buffer A while output buffer B (which
+	    has been filled by the host prior to calling ASIOStart())
+	    is possibly sounding (see also ASIOGetLatencies()) 
+	Parameter:
+	  None.
+	Returns:
+	  If neither input nor output is present, ASE_NotPresent
+	  will be returned.
+	  If the hardware fails to start, ASE_HWMalfunction will be returned.
+	Notes:
+	  There is no restriction on the time that ASIOStart() takes
+	  to perform (that is, it is not considered a realtime trigger).
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOStop(void);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Stops input and output processing altogether.
+	Parameter:
+	  None.
+	Returns:
+	  If neither input nor output is present ASE_NotPresent
+	  will be returned.
+	Notes:
+	  On return from ASIOStop(), the driver must in no
+	  case call the hosts' bufferSwitch() routine.
+*/
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// Inquiry methods and sample rate
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetChannels(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Returns number of individual input/output channels.
+	Parameter:
+	  numInputChannels will hold the number of available input channels
+	  numOutputChannels will hold the number of available output channels
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	  If only inputs, or only outputs are available, the according
+	  other parameter will be zero, and ASE_OK is returned.
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetLatencies(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Returns the input and output latencies. This includes
+	  device specific delays, like FIFOs etc.
+	Parameter:
+	  inputLatency will hold the 'age' of the first sample frame
+	  in the input buffer when the hosts reads it in bufferSwitch()
+	  (this is theoretical, meaning it does not include the overhead
+	  and delay between the actual physical switch, and the time
+	  when bufferSitch() enters).
+	  This will usually be the size of one block in sample frames, plus
+	  device specific latencies.
+
+	  outputLatency will specify the time between the buffer switch,
+	  and the time when the next play buffer will start to sound.
+	  The next play buffer is defined as the one the host starts
+	  processing after (or at) bufferSwitch(), indicated by the
+	  index parameter (0 for buffer A, 1 for buffer B).
+	  It will usually be either one block, if the host writes directly
+	  to a dma buffer, or two or more blocks if the buffer is 'latched' by
+	  the driver. As an example, on ASIOStart(), the host will have filled
+	  the play buffer at index 1 already; when it gets the callback (with
+	  the parameter index == 0), this tells it to read from the input
+	  buffer 0, and start to fill the play buffer 0 (assuming that now
+	  play buffer 1 is already sounding). In this case, the output
+	  latency is one block. If the driver decides to copy buffer 1
+	  at that time, and pass it to the hardware at the next slot (which
+	  is most commonly done, but should be avoided), the output latency
+	  becomes two blocks instead, resulting in a total i/o latency of at least
+	  3 blocks. As memory access is the main bottleneck in native dsp processing,
+	  and to acheive less latency, it is highly recommended to try to avoid
+	  copying (this is also why the driver is the owner of the buffers). To
+	  summarize, the minimum i/o latency can be acheived if the input buffer
+	  is processed by the host into the output buffer which will physically
+	  start to sound on the next time slice. Also note that the host expects
+	  the bufferSwitch() callback to be accessed for each time slice in order
+	  to retain sync, possibly recursively; if it fails to process a block in
+	  time, it will suspend its operation for some time in order to recover.
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetBufferSize(long *minSize, long *maxSize, long *preferredSize, long *granularity);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Returns min, max, and preferred buffer sizes for input/output
+	Parameter:
+	  minSize will hold the minimum buffer size
+	  maxSize will hold the maxium possible buffer size
+	  preferredSize will hold the preferred buffer size (a size which
+	  best fits performance and hardware requirements)
+	  granularity will hold the granularity at which buffer sizes
+	  may differ. Usually, the buffer size will be a power of 2;
+	  in this case, granularity will hold -1 on return, signalling
+	  possible buffer sizes starting from minSize, increased in
+	  powers of 2 up to maxSize.
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	Notes:
+	  When minimum and maximum buffer size are equal,
+	  the preferred buffer size has to be the same value as well; granularity
+	  should be 0 in this case.
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOCanSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Inquires the hardware for the available sample rates.
+	Parameter:
+	  sampleRate is the rate in question.
+	Returns:
+	  If the inquired sample rate is not supported, ASE_NoClock will be returned.
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+*/
+ASIOError ASIOGetSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate *currentRate);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Get the current sample Rate.
+	Parameter:
+	  currentRate will hold the current sample rate on return.
+	Returns:
+	  If sample rate is unknown, sampleRate will be 0 and ASE_NoClock will be returned.
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	Notes:
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOSetSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Set the hardware to the requested sample Rate. If sampleRate == 0,
+	  enable external sync.
+	Parameter:
+	  sampleRate: on input, the requested rate
+	Returns:
+	  If sampleRate is unknown ASE_NoClock will be returned.
+	  If the current clock is external, and sampleRate is != 0,
+	  ASE_InvalidMode will be returned
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	Notes:
+*/
+
+typedef struct ASIOClockSource
+{
+	long index;					// as used for ASIOSetClockSource()
+	long associatedChannel;		// for instance, S/PDIF or AES/EBU
+	long associatedGroup;		// see channel groups (ASIOGetChannelInfo())
+	ASIOBool isCurrentSource;	// ASIOTrue if this is the current clock source
+	char name[32];				// for user selection
+} ASIOClockSource;
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetClockSources(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Get the available external audio clock sources
+	Parameter:
+	  clocks points to an array of ASIOClockSource structures:
+	  	- index: this is used to identify the clock source
+	  	  when ASIOSetClockSource() is accessed, should be
+	  	  an index counting from zero
+	  	- associatedInputChannel: the first channel of an associated
+	  	  input group, if any.
+	  	- associatedGroup: the group index of that channel.
+	  	  groups of channels are defined to seperate for
+	  	  instance analog, S/PDIF, AES/EBU, ADAT connectors etc,
+	  	  when present simultaniously. Note that associated channel
+	  	  is enumerated according to numInputs/numOutputs, means it
+	  	  is independant from a group (see also ASIOGetChannelInfo())
+	  	  inputs are associated to a clock if the physical connection
+	  	  transfers both data and clock (like S/PDIF, AES/EBU, or
+	  	  ADAT inputs). if there is no input channel associated with
+	  	  the clock source (like Word Clock, or internal oscillator), both
+	  	  associatedChannel and associatedGroup should be set to -1.
+	  	- isCurrentSource: on exit, ASIOTrue if this is the current clock
+	  	  source, ASIOFalse else
+		- name: a null-terminated string for user selection of the available sources.
+	  numSources:
+	      on input: the number of allocated array members
+	      on output: the number of available clock sources, at least
+	      1 (internal clock generator).
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	Notes:
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOSetClockSource(long index);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Set the audio clock source
+	Parameter:
+	  index as obtained from an inquiry to ASIOGetClockSources()
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	  If the clock can not be selected because an input channel which
+	  carries the current clock source is active, ASE_InvalidMode
+	  *may* be returned (this depends on the properties of the driver
+	  and/or hardware).
+	Notes:
+	  Should *not* return ASE_NoClock if there is no clock signal present
+	  at the selected source; this will be inquired via ASIOGetSampleRate().
+	  It should call the host callback procedure sampleRateHasChanged(),
+	  if the switch causes a sample rate change, or if no external clock
+	  is present at the selected source.
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetSamplePosition (ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Inquires the sample position/time stamp pair.
+	Parameter:
+	  sPos will hold the sample position on return. The sample
+	  position is reset to zero when ASIOStart() gets called.
+	  tStamp will hold the system time when the sample position
+	  was latched.
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present, ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	  If there is no clock, ASE_SPNotAdvancing will be returned.
+	Notes:
+
+	  in order to be able to synchronise properly,
+	  the sample position / time stamp pair must refer to the current block,
+	  that is, the engine will call ASIOGetSamplePosition() in its bufferSwitch()
+	  callback and expect the time for the current block. thus, when requested
+	  in the very first bufferSwitch after ASIO_Start(), the sample position
+	  should be zero, and the time stamp should refer to the very time where
+	  the stream was started. it also means that the sample position must be
+	  block aligned. the driver must ensure proper interpolation if the system
+	  time can not be determined for the block position. the driver is responsible
+	  for precise time stamps as it usually has most direct access to lower
+	  level resources. proper behaviour of ASIO_GetSamplePosition() and ASIO_GetLatencies()
+	  are essential for precise media synchronization!
+*/
+
+typedef struct ASIOChannelInfo
+{
+	long channel;			// on input, channel index
+	ASIOBool isInput;		// on input
+	ASIOBool isActive;		// on exit
+	long channelGroup;		// dto
+	ASIOSampleType type;	// dto
+	char name[32];			// dto
+} ASIOChannelInfo;
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetChannelInfo(ASIOChannelInfo *info);
+/* Purpose:
+	  retreive information about the nature of a channel
+	Parameter:
+	  info: pointer to a ASIOChannelInfo structure with
+	  	- channel: on input, the channel index of the channel in question.
+	  	- isInput: on input, ASIOTrue if info for an input channel is
+	  	  requested, else output
+		- channelGroup: on return, the channel group that the channel
+		  belongs to. For drivers which support different types of
+		  channels, like analog, S/PDIF, AES/EBU, ADAT etc interfaces,
+		  there should be a reasonable grouping of these types. Groups
+		  are always independant form a channel index, that is, a channel
+		  index always counts from 0 to numInputs/numOutputs regardless
+		  of the group it may belong to.
+		  There will always be at least one group (group 0). Please
+		  also note that by default, the host may decide to activate
+		  channels 0 and 1; thus, these should belong to the most
+		  useful type (analog i/o, if present).
+	  	- type: on return, contains the sample type of the channel
+	  	- isActive: on return, ASIOTrue if channel is active as it was
+	  	  installed by ASIOCreateBuffers(), ASIOFalse else
+	  	- name:  describing the type of channel in question. Used to allow
+	  	  for user selection, and enabling of specific channels. examples:
+	      "Analog In", "SPDIF Out" etc
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	Notes:
+	  If possible, the string should be organised such that the first
+	  characters are most significantly describing the nature of the
+	  port, to allow for identification even if the view showing the
+	  port name is too small to display more than 8 characters, for
+	  instance.
+*/
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// Buffer preparation
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+typedef struct ASIOBufferInfo
+{
+	ASIOBool isInput;			// on input:  ASIOTrue: input, else output
+	long channelNum;			// on input:  channel index
+	void *buffers[2];			// on output: double buffer addresses
+} ASIOBufferInfo;
+
+ASIOError ASIOCreateBuffers(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos, long numChannels,
+	long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks);
+
+/* Purpose:
+	  Allocates input/output buffers for all input and output channels to be activated.
+	Parameter:
+	  bufferInfos is a pointer to an array of ASIOBufferInfo structures:
+	    - isInput: on input, ASIOTrue if the buffer is to be allocated
+	      for an input, output buffer else
+	    - channelNum: on input, the index of the channel in question
+	      (counting from 0)
+	    - buffers: on exit, 2 pointers to the halves of the channels' double-buffer.
+	      the size of the buffer(s) of course depend on both the ASIOSampleType
+	      as obtained from ASIOGetChannelInfo(), and bufferSize
+	  numChannels is the sum of all input and output channels to be created;
+	  thus bufferInfos is a pointer to an array of numChannels ASIOBufferInfo
+	  structures.
+	  bufferSize selects one of the possible buffer sizes as obtained from
+	  ASIOGetBufferSizes().
+	  callbacks is a pointer to an ASIOCallbacks structure.
+	Returns:
+	  If not enough memory is available ASE_NoMemory will be returned.
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	  If bufferSize is not supported, or one or more of the bufferInfos elements
+	  contain invalid settings, ASE_InvalidMode will be returned.
+	Notes:
+	  If individual channel selection is not possible but requested,
+	  the driver has to handle this. namely, bufferSwitch() will only
+	  have filled buffers of enabled outputs. If possible, processing
+	  and buss activities overhead should be avoided for channels which
+	  were not enabled here.
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIODisposeBuffers(void);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Releases all buffers for the device.
+	Parameter:
+	  None.
+	Returns:
+	  If no buffer were ever prepared, ASE_InvalidMode will be returned.
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	Notes:
+	  This implies ASIOStop().
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOControlPanel(void);
+/* Purpose:
+	  request the driver to start a control panel component
+	  for device specific user settings. This will not be
+	  accessed on some platforms (where the component is accessed
+	  instead).
+	Parameter:
+	  None.
+	Returns:
+	  If no panel is available ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	  Actually, the return code is ignored.
+	Notes:
+	  if the user applied settings which require a re-configuration
+	  of parts or all of the enigine and/or driver (such as a change of
+	  the block size), the asioMessage callback can be used (see
+	  ASIO_Callbacks).
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOFuture(long selector, void *params);
+/* Purpose:
+	  various
+	Parameter:
+	  selector: operation Code as to be defined. zero is reserved for
+	  testing purposes.
+	  params: depends on the selector; usually pointer to a structure
+	  for passing and retreiving any type and amount of parameters.
+	Returns:
+	  the return value is also selector dependant. if the selector
+	  is unknown, ASE_InvalidParameter should be returned to prevent
+	  further calls with this selector. on success, ASE_SUCCESS
+	  must be returned (note: ASE_OK is *not* sufficient!)
+	Notes:
+	  see selectors defined below.	  
+*/
+
+enum
+{
+	kAsioEnableTimeCodeRead = 1,	// no arguments
+	kAsioDisableTimeCodeRead,		// no arguments
+	kAsioSetInputMonitor,			// ASIOInputMonitor* in params
+	kAsioTransport,					// ASIOTransportParameters* in params
+	kAsioSetInputGain,				// ASIOChannelControls* in params, apply gain
+	kAsioGetInputMeter,				// ASIOChannelControls* in params, fill meter
+	kAsioSetOutputGain,				// ASIOChannelControls* in params, apply gain
+	kAsioGetOutputMeter,			// ASIOChannelControls* in params, fill meter
+	kAsioCanInputMonitor,			// no arguments for kAsioCanXXX selectors
+	kAsioCanTimeInfo,
+	kAsioCanTimeCode,
+	kAsioCanTransport,
+	kAsioCanInputGain,
+	kAsioCanInputMeter,
+	kAsioCanOutputGain,
+	kAsioCanOutputMeter,
+	kAsioOptionalOne,
+	
+	//	DSD support
+	//	The following extensions are required to allow switching
+	//	and control of the DSD subsystem.
+	kAsioSetIoFormat			= 0x23111961,		/* ASIOIoFormat * in params.			*/
+	kAsioGetIoFormat			= 0x23111983,		/* ASIOIoFormat * in params.			*/
+	kAsioCanDoIoFormat			= 0x23112004,		/* ASIOIoFormat * in params.			*/
+	
+	// Extension for drop out detection
+	kAsioCanReportOverload			= 0x24042012,	/* return ASE_SUCCESS if driver can detect and report overloads */
+	
+	kAsioGetInternalBufferSamples	= 0x25042012	/* ASIOInternalBufferInfo * in params. Deliver size of driver internal buffering, return ASE_SUCCESS if supported */
+};
+
+typedef struct ASIOInputMonitor
+{
+	long input;		// this input was set to monitor (or off), -1: all
+	long output;	// suggested output for monitoring the input (if so)
+	long gain;		// suggested gain, ranging 0 - 0x7fffffffL (-inf to +12 dB)
+	ASIOBool state;	// ASIOTrue => on, ASIOFalse => off
+	long pan;		// suggested pan, 0 => all left, 0x7fffffff => right
+} ASIOInputMonitor;
+
+typedef struct ASIOChannelControls
+{
+	long channel;			// on input, channel index
+	ASIOBool isInput;		// on input
+	long gain;				// on input,  ranges 0 thru 0x7fffffff
+	long meter;				// on return, ranges 0 thru 0x7fffffff
+	char future[32];
+} ASIOChannelControls;
+
+typedef struct ASIOTransportParameters
+{
+	long command;		// see enum below
+	ASIOSamples samplePosition;
+	long track;
+	long trackSwitches[16];		// 512 tracks on/off
+	char future[64];
+} ASIOTransportParameters;
+
+enum
+{
+	kTransStart = 1,
+	kTransStop,
+	kTransLocate,		// to samplePosition
+	kTransPunchIn,
+	kTransPunchOut,
+	kTransArmOn,		// track
+	kTransArmOff,		// track
+	kTransMonitorOn,	// track
+	kTransMonitorOff,	// track
+	kTransArm,			// trackSwitches
+	kTransMonitor		// trackSwitches
+};
+
+/*
+// DSD support
+//	Some notes on how to use ASIOIoFormatType.
+//
+//	The caller will fill the format with the request types.
+//	If the board can do the request then it will leave the
+//	values unchanged. If the board does not support the
+//	request then it will change that entry to Invalid (-1)
+//
+//	So to request DSD then
+//
+//	ASIOIoFormat NeedThis={kASIODSDFormat};
+//
+//	if(ASE_SUCCESS != ASIOFuture(kAsioSetIoFormat,&NeedThis) ){
+//		// If the board did not accept one of the parameters then the
+//		// whole call will fail and the failing parameter will
+//		// have had its value changes to -1.
+//	}
+//
+// Note: Switching between the formats need to be done before the "prepared"
+// state (see ASIO 2 documentation) is entered.
+*/
+typedef long int ASIOIoFormatType;
+enum ASIOIoFormatType_e
+{
+	kASIOFormatInvalid = -1,
+	kASIOPCMFormat = 0,
+	kASIODSDFormat = 1,
+};
+
+typedef struct ASIOIoFormat_s
+{
+	ASIOIoFormatType	FormatType;
+	char				future[512-sizeof(ASIOIoFormatType)];
+} ASIOIoFormat;
+
+// Extension for drop detection
+// Note: Refers to buffering that goes beyond the double buffer e.g. used by USB driver designs
+typedef struct ASIOInternalBufferInfo
+{
+	long inputSamples;			// size of driver's internal input buffering which is included in getLatencies
+	long outputSamples;			// size of driver's internal output buffering which is included in getLatencies
+} ASIOInternalBufferInfo;
+
+
+ASIOError ASIOOutputReady(void);
+/* Purpose:
+	  this tells the driver that the host has completed processing
+	  the output buffers. if the data format required by the hardware
+	  differs from the supported asio formats, but the hardware
+	  buffers are DMA buffers, the driver will have to convert
+	  the audio stream data; as the bufferSwitch callback is
+	  usually issued at dma block switch time, the driver will
+	  have to convert the *previous* host buffer, which increases
+	  the output latency by one block.
+	  when the host finds out that ASIOOutputReady() returns
+	  true, it will issue this call whenever it completed
+	  output processing. then the driver can convert the
+	  host data directly to the dma buffer to be played next,
+	  reducing output latency by one block.
+	  another way to look at it is, that the buffer switch is called
+	  in order to pass the *input* stream to the host, so that it can
+	  process the input into the output, and the output stream is passed
+	  to the driver when the host has completed its process.
+	Parameter:
+		None
+	Returns:
+	  only if the above mentioned scenario is given, and a reduction
+	  of output latency can be acheived by this mechanism, should
+	  ASE_OK be returned. otherwise (and usually), ASE_NotPresent
+	  should be returned in order to prevent further calls to this
+	  function. note that the host may want to determine if it is
+	  to use this when the system is not yet fully initialized, so
+	  ASE_OK should always be returned if the mechanism makes sense.	  
+	Notes:
+	  please remeber to adjust ASIOGetLatencies() according to
+	  whether ASIOOutputReady() was ever called or not, if your
+	  driver supports this scenario.
+	  also note that the engine may fail to call ASIO_OutputReady()
+	  in time in overload cases. as already mentioned, bufferSwitch
+      should be called for every block regardless of whether a block
+      could be processed in time.
+*/
+
+// restore old alignment
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__MWERKS__) 
+#pragma pack(pop)
+#elif PRAGMA_ALIGN_SUPPORTED
+#pragma options align = reset
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asiodrivers.cpp b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asiodrivers.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4067bc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asiodrivers.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+#include <string.h>
+#include "asiodrivers.h"
+
+AsioDrivers* asioDrivers = 0;
+
+bool loadAsioDriver(char *name);
+
+bool loadAsioDriver(char *name)
+{
+	if(!asioDrivers)
+		asioDrivers = new AsioDrivers();
+	if(asioDrivers)
+		return asioDrivers->loadDriver(name);
+	return false;
+}
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#if MAC
+
+bool resolveASIO(unsigned long aconnID);
+
+AsioDrivers::AsioDrivers() : CodeFragments("ASIO Drivers", 'AsDr', 'Asio')
+{
+	connID = -1;
+	curIndex = -1;
+}
+
+AsioDrivers::~AsioDrivers()
+{
+	removeCurrentDriver();
+}
+
+bool AsioDrivers::getCurrentDriverName(char *name)
+{
+	if(curIndex >= 0)
+		return getName(curIndex, name);
+	return false;
+}
+
+long AsioDrivers::getDriverNames(char **names, long maxDrivers)
+{
+	for(long i = 0; i < getNumFragments() && i < maxDrivers; i++)
+		getName(i, names[i]);
+	return getNumFragments() < maxDrivers ? getNumFragments() : maxDrivers;
+}
+
+bool AsioDrivers::loadDriver(char *name)
+{
+	char dname[64];
+	unsigned long newID;
+
+	for(long i = 0; i < getNumFragments(); i++)
+	{
+		if(getName(i, dname) && !strcmp(name, dname))
+		{
+			if(newInstance(i, &newID))
+			{
+				if(resolveASIO(newID))
+				{
+					if(connID != -1)
+						removeInstance(curIndex, connID);
+					curIndex = i;
+					connID = newID;
+					return true;
+				}
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+void AsioDrivers::removeCurrentDriver()
+{
+	if(connID != -1)
+		removeInstance(curIndex, connID);
+	connID = -1;
+	curIndex = -1;
+}
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#elif WINDOWS
+
+#include "iasiodrv.h"
+
+extern IASIO* theAsioDriver;
+
+AsioDrivers::AsioDrivers() : AsioDriverList()
+{
+	curIndex = -1;
+}
+
+AsioDrivers::~AsioDrivers()
+{
+}
+
+bool AsioDrivers::getCurrentDriverName(char *name)
+{
+	if(curIndex >= 0)
+		return asioGetDriverName(curIndex, name, 32) == 0 ? true : false;
+	name[0] = 0;
+	return false;
+}
+
+long AsioDrivers::getDriverNames(char **names, long maxDrivers)
+{
+	for(long i = 0; i < asioGetNumDev() && i < maxDrivers; i++)
+		asioGetDriverName(i, names[i], 32);
+	return asioGetNumDev() < maxDrivers ? asioGetNumDev() : maxDrivers;
+}
+
+bool AsioDrivers::loadDriver(char *name)
+{
+	char dname[64];
+	char curName[64];
+
+	for(long i = 0; i < asioGetNumDev(); i++)
+	{
+		if(!asioGetDriverName(i, dname, 32) && !strcmp(name, dname))
+		{
+			curName[0] = 0;
+			getCurrentDriverName(curName);	// in case we fail...
+			removeCurrentDriver();
+
+			if(!asioOpenDriver(i, (void **)&theAsioDriver))
+			{
+				curIndex = i;
+				return true;
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				theAsioDriver = 0;
+				if(curName[0] && strcmp(dname, curName))
+					loadDriver(curName);	// try restore
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+void AsioDrivers::removeCurrentDriver()
+{
+	if(curIndex != -1)
+		asioCloseDriver(curIndex);
+	curIndex = -1;
+}
+
+#elif SGI || BEOS
+
+#include "asiolist.h"
+
+AsioDrivers::AsioDrivers() 
+	: AsioDriverList()
+{
+	curIndex = -1;
+}
+
+AsioDrivers::~AsioDrivers()
+{
+}
+
+bool AsioDrivers::getCurrentDriverName(char *name)
+{
+	return false;
+}
+
+long AsioDrivers::getDriverNames(char **names, long maxDrivers)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+bool AsioDrivers::loadDriver(char *name)
+{
+	return false;
+}
+
+void AsioDrivers::removeCurrentDriver()
+{
+}
+
+#else
+#error implement me
+#endif
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asiodrivers.h b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asiodrivers.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..511f2ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asiodrivers.h
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#ifndef __AsioDrivers__
+#define __AsioDrivers__
+
+#include "ginclude.h"
+
+#if MAC
+#include "CodeFragments.hpp"
+
+class AsioDrivers : public CodeFragments
+
+#elif WINDOWS
+#include <windows.h>
+#include "asiolist.h"
+
+class AsioDrivers : public AsioDriverList
+
+#elif SGI || BEOS
+#include "asiolist.h"
+
+class AsioDrivers : public AsioDriverList
+
+#else
+#error implement me
+#endif
+
+{
+public:
+	AsioDrivers();
+	~AsioDrivers();
+	
+	bool getCurrentDriverName(char *name);
+	long getDriverNames(char **names, long maxDrivers);
+	bool loadDriver(char *name);
+	void removeCurrentDriver();
+	long getCurrentDriverIndex() {return curIndex;}
+protected:
+	unsigned long connID;
+	long curIndex;
+};
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asiolist.cpp b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asiolist.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b35445
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asiolist.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+#include <windows.h>
+#include "iasiodrv.h"
+#include "asiolist.h"
+
+#define ASIODRV_DESC		"description"
+#define INPROC_SERVER		"InprocServer32"
+#define ASIO_PATH			"software\\asio"
+#define COM_CLSID			"clsid"
+
+// ******************************************************************
+// Local Functions 
+// ******************************************************************
+static LONG findDrvPath (char *clsidstr,char *dllpath,int dllpathsize)
+{
+	HKEY			hkEnum,hksub,hkpath;
+	char			databuf[512];
+	LONG 			cr,rc = -1;
+	DWORD			datatype,datasize;
+	DWORD			index;
+	OFSTRUCT		ofs;
+	HFILE			hfile;
+	BOOL			found = FALSE;
+
+	CharLowerBuffA(clsidstr,strlen(clsidstr));
+	if ((cr = RegOpenKeyA(HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,COM_CLSID,&hkEnum)) == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+
+		index = 0;
+		while (cr == ERROR_SUCCESS && !found) {
+			cr = RegEnumKeyA(hkEnum,index++,databuf,512);
+			if (cr == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+				CharLowerBuffA(databuf,strlen(databuf));
+				if (!(strcmp(databuf,clsidstr))) {
+					if ((cr = RegOpenKeyExA(hkEnum,databuf,0,KEY_READ,&hksub)) == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+						if ((cr = RegOpenKeyExA(hksub,INPROC_SERVER,0,KEY_READ,&hkpath)) == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+							datatype = REG_SZ; datasize = (DWORD)dllpathsize;
+							cr = RegQueryValueEx(hkpath,0,0,&datatype,(LPBYTE)dllpath,&datasize);
+							if (cr == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+								memset(&ofs,0,sizeof(OFSTRUCT));
+								ofs.cBytes = sizeof(OFSTRUCT); 
+								hfile = OpenFile(dllpath,&ofs,OF_EXIST);
+								if (hfile) rc = 0; 
+							}
+							RegCloseKey(hkpath);
+						}
+						RegCloseKey(hksub);
+					}
+					found = TRUE;	// break out 
+				}
+			}
+		}				
+		RegCloseKey(hkEnum);
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
+
+static LPASIODRVSTRUCT newDrvStruct (HKEY hkey,char *keyname,int drvID,LPASIODRVSTRUCT lpdrv)
+{
+	HKEY	hksub;
+	char	databuf[256];
+	char	dllpath[MAXPATHLEN];
+	WORD	wData[100];
+	CLSID	clsid;
+	DWORD	datatype,datasize;
+	LONG	cr,rc;
+
+	if (!lpdrv) {
+		if ((cr = RegOpenKeyEx(hkey,(LPCTSTR)keyname,0,KEY_READ,&hksub)) == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+
+			datatype = REG_SZ; datasize = 256;
+			cr = RegQueryValueExA(hksub,COM_CLSID,0,&datatype,(LPBYTE)databuf,&datasize);
+			if (cr == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+				rc = findDrvPath (databuf,dllpath,MAXPATHLEN);
+				if (rc == 0) {
+					lpdrv = new ASIODRVSTRUCT[1];
+					if (lpdrv) {
+						memset(lpdrv,0,sizeof(ASIODRVSTRUCT));
+						lpdrv->drvID = drvID;
+						MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP,0,(LPCSTR)databuf,-1,(LPWSTR)wData,100);
+						if ((cr = CLSIDFromString((LPOLESTR)wData,(LPCLSID)&clsid)) == S_OK) {
+							memcpy(&lpdrv->clsid,&clsid,sizeof(CLSID));
+						}
+
+						datatype = REG_SZ; datasize = 256;
+						cr = RegQueryValueExA(hksub,ASIODRV_DESC,0,&datatype,(LPBYTE)databuf,&datasize);
+						if (cr == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+							strcpy(lpdrv->drvname,databuf);
+						}
+						else strcpy(lpdrv->drvname,keyname);
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			RegCloseKey(hksub);
+		}
+	}	
+	else lpdrv->next = newDrvStruct(hkey,keyname,drvID+1,lpdrv->next);
+
+	return lpdrv;
+}
+
+static void deleteDrvStruct (LPASIODRVSTRUCT lpdrv)
+{
+	IASIO	*iasio;
+
+	if (lpdrv != 0) {
+		deleteDrvStruct(lpdrv->next);
+		if (lpdrv->asiodrv) {
+			iasio = (IASIO *)lpdrv->asiodrv;
+			iasio->Release();
+		}
+		delete lpdrv;
+	}
+}
+
+
+static LPASIODRVSTRUCT getDrvStruct (int drvID,LPASIODRVSTRUCT lpdrv)
+{
+	while (lpdrv) {
+		if (lpdrv->drvID == drvID) return lpdrv;
+		lpdrv = lpdrv->next;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+// ******************************************************************
+
+
+// ******************************************************************
+//	AsioDriverList
+// ******************************************************************
+AsioDriverList::AsioDriverList ()
+{
+	HKEY			hkEnum = 0;
+	char			keyname[MAXDRVNAMELEN];
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT	pdl;
+	LONG 			cr;
+	DWORD			index = 0;
+	BOOL			fin = FALSE;
+
+	numdrv		= 0;
+	lpdrvlist	= 0;
+
+	cr = RegOpenKeyA(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,ASIO_PATH,&hkEnum);
+	while (cr == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+		if ((cr = RegEnumKey(hkEnum,index++,(LPTSTR)keyname,MAXDRVNAMELEN))== ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+			lpdrvlist = newDrvStruct (hkEnum,keyname,0,lpdrvlist);
+		}
+		else fin = TRUE;
+	}
+	if (hkEnum) RegCloseKey(hkEnum);
+
+	pdl = lpdrvlist;
+	while (pdl) {
+		numdrv++;
+		pdl = pdl->next;
+	}
+
+	if (numdrv) CoInitialize(0);	// initialize COM
+}
+
+AsioDriverList::~AsioDriverList ()
+{
+	if (numdrv) {
+		deleteDrvStruct(lpdrvlist);
+		CoUninitialize();
+	}
+}
+
+
+LONG AsioDriverList::asioGetNumDev (VOID)
+{
+	return (LONG)numdrv;
+}
+
+
+LONG AsioDriverList::asioOpenDriver (int drvID,LPVOID *asiodrv)
+{
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT	lpdrv = 0;
+	long			rc;
+
+	if (!asiodrv) return DRVERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+
+	if ((lpdrv = getDrvStruct(drvID,lpdrvlist)) != 0) {
+		if (!lpdrv->asiodrv) {
+			rc = CoCreateInstance(lpdrv->clsid,0,CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,lpdrv->clsid,asiodrv);
+			if (rc == S_OK) {
+				lpdrv->asiodrv = *asiodrv;
+				return 0;
+			}
+			// else if (rc == REGDB_E_CLASSNOTREG)
+			//	strcpy (info->messageText, "Driver not registered in the Registration Database!");
+		}
+		else rc = DRVERR_DEVICE_ALREADY_OPEN;
+	}
+	else rc = DRVERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND;
+	
+	return rc;
+}
+
+
+LONG AsioDriverList::asioCloseDriver (int drvID)
+{
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT	lpdrv = 0;
+	IASIO			*iasio;
+
+	if ((lpdrv = getDrvStruct(drvID,lpdrvlist)) != 0) {
+		if (lpdrv->asiodrv) {
+			iasio = (IASIO *)lpdrv->asiodrv;
+			iasio->Release();
+			lpdrv->asiodrv = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+LONG AsioDriverList::asioGetDriverName (int drvID,char *drvname,int drvnamesize)
+{	
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT			lpdrv = 0;
+
+	if (!drvname) return DRVERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+
+	if ((lpdrv = getDrvStruct(drvID,lpdrvlist)) != 0) {
+		if (strlen(lpdrv->drvname) < (unsigned int)drvnamesize) {
+			strcpy(drvname,lpdrv->drvname);
+		}
+		else {
+			memcpy(drvname,lpdrv->drvname,drvnamesize-4);
+			drvname[drvnamesize-4] = '.';
+			drvname[drvnamesize-3] = '.';
+			drvname[drvnamesize-2] = '.';
+			drvname[drvnamesize-1] = 0;
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return DRVERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND;
+}
+
+LONG AsioDriverList::asioGetDriverPath (int drvID,char *dllpath,int dllpathsize)
+{
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT			lpdrv = 0;
+
+	if (!dllpath) return DRVERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+
+	if ((lpdrv = getDrvStruct(drvID,lpdrvlist)) != 0) {
+		if (strlen(lpdrv->dllpath) < (unsigned int)dllpathsize) {
+			strcpy(dllpath,lpdrv->dllpath);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		dllpath[0] = 0;
+		return DRVERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+	}
+	return DRVERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND;
+}
+
+LONG AsioDriverList::asioGetDriverCLSID (int drvID,CLSID *clsid)
+{
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT			lpdrv = 0;
+
+	if (!clsid) return DRVERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+
+	if ((lpdrv = getDrvStruct(drvID,lpdrvlist)) != 0) {
+		memcpy(clsid,&lpdrv->clsid,sizeof(CLSID));
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return DRVERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND;
+}
+
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asiolist.h b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asiolist.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f504af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asiolist.h
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#ifndef __asiolist__
+#define __asiolist__
+
+#define DRVERR			-5000
+#define DRVERR_INVALID_PARAM		DRVERR-1
+#define DRVERR_DEVICE_ALREADY_OPEN	DRVERR-2
+#define DRVERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND		DRVERR-3
+
+#define MAXPATHLEN			512
+#define MAXDRVNAMELEN		128
+
+struct asiodrvstruct
+{
+	int						drvID;
+	CLSID					clsid;
+	char					dllpath[MAXPATHLEN];
+	char					drvname[MAXDRVNAMELEN];
+	LPVOID					asiodrv;
+	struct asiodrvstruct	*next;
+};
+
+typedef struct asiodrvstruct ASIODRVSTRUCT;
+typedef ASIODRVSTRUCT	*LPASIODRVSTRUCT;
+
+class AsioDriverList {
+public:
+	AsioDriverList();
+	~AsioDriverList();
+	
+	LONG asioOpenDriver (int,VOID **);
+	LONG asioCloseDriver (int);
+
+	// nice to have
+	LONG asioGetNumDev (VOID);
+	LONG asioGetDriverName (int,char *,int);		
+	LONG asioGetDriverPath (int,char *,int);
+	LONG asioGetDriverCLSID (int,CLSID *);
+
+	// or use directly access
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT	lpdrvlist;
+	int				numdrv;
+};
+
+typedef class AsioDriverList *LPASIODRIVERLIST;
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asiosys.h b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asiosys.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b4c7a8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/asiosys.h
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#ifndef __asiosys__
+	#define __asiosys__
+
+	#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN64)
+		#undef MAC 
+		#define PPC 0
+		#define WINDOWS 1
+		#define SGI 0
+		#define SUN 0
+		#define LINUX 0
+		#define BEOS 0
+
+		#define NATIVE_INT64 0
+		#define IEEE754_64FLOAT 1
+	
+	#elif BEOS
+		#define MAC 0
+		#define PPC 0
+		#define WINDOWS 0
+		#define PC 0
+		#define SGI 0
+		#define SUN 0
+		#define LINUX 0
+		
+		#define NATIVE_INT64 0
+		#define IEEE754_64FLOAT 1
+		
+		#ifndef DEBUG
+			#define DEBUG 0
+		 	#if DEBUG
+		 		void DEBUGGERMESSAGE(char *string);
+		 	#else
+		  		#define DEBUGGERMESSAGE(a)
+			#endif
+		#endif
+
+	#elif SGI
+		#define MAC 0
+		#define PPC 0
+		#define WINDOWS 0
+		#define PC 0
+		#define SUN 0
+		#define LINUX 0
+		#define BEOS 0
+		
+		#define NATIVE_INT64 0
+		#define IEEE754_64FLOAT 1
+		
+		#ifndef DEBUG
+			#define DEBUG 0
+		 	#if DEBUG
+		 		void DEBUGGERMESSAGE(char *string);
+		 	#else
+		  		#define DEBUGGERMESSAGE(a)
+			#endif
+		#endif
+
+	#else	// MAC
+
+		#define MAC 1
+		#define PPC 1
+		#define WINDOWS 0
+		#define PC 0
+		#define SGI 0
+		#define SUN 0
+		#define LINUX 0
+		#define BEOS 0
+
+		#define NATIVE_INT64 0
+		#define IEEE754_64FLOAT 1
+
+		#ifndef DEBUG
+			#define DEBUG 0
+			#if DEBUG
+				void DEBUGGERMESSAGE(char *string);
+			#else
+				#define DEBUGGERMESSAGE(a)
+			#endif
+		#endif
+	#endif
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/ginclude.h b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/ginclude.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..97cb7b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/ginclude.h
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#ifndef __gInclude__
+#define __gInclude__
+
+#if SGI 
+	#undef BEOS 
+	#undef MAC 
+	#undef WINDOWS
+	//
+	#define ASIO_BIG_ENDIAN 1
+	#define ASIO_CPU_MIPS 1
+#elif defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN64)
+	#undef BEOS 
+	#undef MAC 
+	#undef SGI
+	#define WINDOWS 1
+	#define ASIO_LITTLE_ENDIAN 1
+	#define ASIO_CPU_X86 1
+#elif BEOS
+	#undef MAC 
+	#undef SGI
+	#undef WINDOWS
+	#define ASIO_LITTLE_ENDIAN 1
+	#define ASIO_CPU_X86 1
+	//
+#else
+	#define MAC 1
+	#undef BEOS 
+	#undef WINDOWS
+	#undef SGI
+	#define ASIO_BIG_ENDIAN 1
+	#define ASIO_CPU_PPC 1
+#endif
+
+// always
+#define NATIVE_INT64 0
+#define IEEE754_64FLOAT 1
+
+#endif	// __gInclude__
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/iasiodrv.h b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/iasiodrv.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1496f0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/iasiodrv.h
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#include "asiosys.h"
+#include "asio.h"
+
+/* Forward Declarations */ 
+
+#ifndef __ASIODRIVER_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __ASIODRIVER_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IASIO IASIO;
+#endif 	/* __ASIODRIVER_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+interface IASIO : public IUnknown
+{
+
+	virtual ASIOBool init(void *sysHandle) = 0;
+	virtual void getDriverName(char *name) = 0;	
+	virtual long getDriverVersion() = 0;
+	virtual void getErrorMessage(char *string) = 0;	
+	virtual ASIOError start() = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError stop() = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getChannels(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getLatencies(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getBufferSize(long *minSize, long *maxSize,
+		long *preferredSize, long *granularity) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError canSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate *sampleRate) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError setSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getClockSources(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError setClockSource(long reference) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getSamplePosition(ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getChannelInfo(ASIOChannelInfo *info) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError createBuffers(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos, long numChannels,
+		long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError disposeBuffers() = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError controlPanel() = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError future(long selector,void *opt) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError outputReady() = 0;
+};
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/iasiothiscallresolver.cpp b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/iasiothiscallresolver.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08c55ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/iasiothiscallresolver.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,572 @@
+/*
+	IASIOThiscallResolver.cpp see the comments in iasiothiscallresolver.h for
+    the top level description - this comment describes the technical details of
+    the implementation.
+
+    The latest version of this file is available from:
+    http://www.audiomulch.com/~rossb/code/calliasio
+
+    please email comments to Ross Bencina <rossb@audiomulch.com>
+
+    BACKGROUND
+
+    The IASIO interface declared in the Steinberg ASIO 2 SDK declares
+    functions with no explicit calling convention. This causes MSVC++ to default
+    to using the thiscall convention, which is a proprietary convention not
+    implemented by some non-microsoft compilers - notably borland BCC,
+    C++Builder, and gcc. MSVC++ is the defacto standard compiler used by
+    Steinberg. As a result of this situation, the ASIO sdk will compile with
+    any compiler, however attempting to execute the compiled code will cause a
+    crash due to different default calling conventions on non-Microsoft
+    compilers.
+
+    IASIOThiscallResolver solves the problem by providing an adapter class that
+    delegates to the IASIO interface using the correct calling convention
+    (thiscall). Due to the lack of support for thiscall in the Borland and GCC
+    compilers, the calls have been implemented in assembly language.
+
+    A number of macros are defined for thiscall function calls with different
+    numbers of parameters, with and without return values - it may be possible
+    to modify the format of these macros to make them work with other inline
+    assemblers.
+
+
+    THISCALL DEFINITION
+
+    A number of definitions of the thiscall calling convention are floating
+    around the internet. The following definition has been validated against
+    output from the MSVC++ compiler:
+
+    For non-vararg functions, thiscall works as follows: the object (this)
+    pointer is passed in ECX. All arguments are passed on the stack in
+    right to left order. The return value is placed in EAX. The callee
+    clears the passed arguments from the stack.
+
+
+    FINDING FUNCTION POINTERS FROM AN IASIO POINTER
+
+    The first field of a COM object is a pointer to its vtble. Thus a pointer
+    to an object implementing the IASIO interface also points to a pointer to
+    that object's vtbl. The vtble is a table of function pointers for all of
+    the virtual functions exposed by the implemented interfaces.
+
+    If we consider a variable declared as a pointer to IASO:
+
+    IASIO *theAsioDriver
+
+    theAsioDriver points to:
+
+    object implementing IASIO
+    {
+        IASIOvtbl *vtbl
+        other data
+    }
+
+    in other words, theAsioDriver points to a pointer to an IASIOvtbl
+
+    vtbl points to a table of function pointers:
+
+    IASIOvtbl ( interface IASIO : public IUnknown )
+    {
+    (IUnknown functions)
+    0   virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE (*QueryInterface)(REFIID riid, void **ppv) = 0;
+    4   virtual ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE (*AddRef)() = 0;
+    8   virtual ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE (*Release)() = 0;      
+
+    (IASIO functions)
+    12	virtual ASIOBool (*init)(void *sysHandle) = 0;
+    16	virtual void (*getDriverName)(char *name) = 0;
+    20	virtual long (*getDriverVersion)() = 0;
+    24	virtual void (*getErrorMessage)(char *string) = 0;
+    28	virtual ASIOError (*start)() = 0;
+    32	virtual ASIOError (*stop)() = 0;
+    36	virtual ASIOError (*getChannels)(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels) = 0;
+    40	virtual ASIOError (*getLatencies)(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency) = 0;
+    44	virtual ASIOError (*getBufferSize)(long *minSize, long *maxSize,
+            long *preferredSize, long *granularity) = 0;
+    48	virtual ASIOError (*canSampleRate)(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate) = 0;
+    52	virtual ASIOError (*getSampleRate)(ASIOSampleRate *sampleRate) = 0;
+    56	virtual ASIOError (*setSampleRate)(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate) = 0;
+    60	virtual ASIOError (*getClockSources)(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources) = 0;
+    64	virtual ASIOError (*setClockSource)(long reference) = 0;
+    68	virtual ASIOError (*getSamplePosition)(ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp) = 0;
+    72	virtual ASIOError (*getChannelInfo)(ASIOChannelInfo *info) = 0;
+    76	virtual ASIOError (*createBuffers)(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos, long numChannels,
+            long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks) = 0;
+    80	virtual ASIOError (*disposeBuffers)() = 0;
+    84	virtual ASIOError (*controlPanel)() = 0;
+    88	virtual ASIOError (*future)(long selector,void *opt) = 0;
+    92	virtual ASIOError (*outputReady)() = 0;
+    };
+
+    The numbers in the left column show the byte offset of each function ptr
+    from the beginning of the vtbl. These numbers are used in the code below
+    to select different functions.
+
+    In order to find the address of a particular function, theAsioDriver
+    must first be dereferenced to find the value of the vtbl pointer:
+
+    mov     eax, theAsioDriver
+    mov     edx, [theAsioDriver]  // edx now points to vtbl[0]
+
+    Then an offset must be added to the vtbl pointer to select a
+    particular function, for example vtbl+44 points to the slot containing
+    a pointer to the getBufferSize function.
+
+    Finally vtbl+x must be dereferenced to obtain the value of the function
+    pointer stored in that address:
+
+    call    [edx+44]    // call the function pointed to by
+                        // the value in the getBufferSize field of the vtbl
+
+
+    SEE ALSO
+
+    Martin Fay's OpenASIO DLL at http://www.martinfay.com solves the same
+    problem by providing a new COM interface which wraps IASIO with an
+    interface that uses portable calling conventions. OpenASIO must be compiled
+    with MSVC, and requires that you ship the OpenASIO DLL with your
+    application.
+
+    
+    ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
+
+    Ross Bencina: worked out the thiscall details above, wrote the original
+    Borland asm macros, and a patch for asio.cpp (which is no longer needed).
+    Thanks to Martin Fay for introducing me to the issues discussed here,
+    and to Rene G. Ceballos for assisting with asm dumps from MSVC++.
+
+    Antti Silvast: converted the original calliasio to work with gcc and NASM
+    by implementing the asm code in a separate file.
+
+	Fraser Adams: modified the original calliasio containing the Borland inline
+    asm to add inline asm for gcc i.e. Intel syntax for Borland and AT&T syntax
+    for gcc. This seems a neater approach for gcc than to have a separate .asm
+    file and it means that we only need one version of the thiscall patch.
+
+    Fraser Adams: rewrote the original calliasio patch in the form of the
+    IASIOThiscallResolver class in order to avoid modifications to files from
+    the Steinberg SDK, which may have had potential licence issues.
+
+    Andrew Baldwin: contributed fixes for compatibility problems with more
+    recent versions of the gcc assembler.
+*/
+
+
+// We only need IASIOThiscallResolver at all if we are on Win32. For other
+// platforms we simply bypass the IASIOThiscallResolver definition to allow us
+// to be safely #include'd whatever the platform to keep client code portable
+#if (defined(WIN32) || defined(_WIN32) || defined(__WIN32__)) && !defined(_WIN64)
+
+
+// If microsoft compiler we can call IASIO directly so IASIOThiscallResolver
+// is not used.
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
+
+
+#include <new>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+// We have a mechanism in iasiothiscallresolver.h to ensure that asio.h is
+// #include'd before it in client code, we do NOT want to do this test here.
+#define iasiothiscallresolver_sourcefile 1
+#include "iasiothiscallresolver.h"
+#undef iasiothiscallresolver_sourcefile
+
+// iasiothiscallresolver.h redefines ASIOInit for clients, but we don't want
+// this macro defined in this translation unit.
+#undef ASIOInit
+
+
+// theAsioDriver is a global pointer to the current IASIO instance which the
+// ASIO SDK uses to perform all actions on the IASIO interface. We substitute
+// our own forwarding interface into this pointer.
+extern IASIO* theAsioDriver;
+
+
+// The following macros define the inline assembler for BORLAND first then gcc
+
+#if defined(__BCPLUSPLUS__) || defined(__BORLANDC__)          
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_0( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset )\
+    void *this_ = (thisPtr);                                                \
+    __asm {                                                                 \
+        mov     ecx, this_            ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, [ecx]            ;                                     \
+        call    [eax+funcOffset]      ;                                     \
+        mov     resultName, eax       ;                                     \
+    }
+
+
+#define CALL_VOID_THISCALL_1( thisPtr, funcOffset, param1 )\
+    void *this_ = (thisPtr);                                                \
+    __asm {                                                                 \
+        mov     eax, param1           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     ecx, this_            ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, [ecx]            ;                                     \
+        call    [eax+funcOffset]      ;                                     \
+    }
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_1( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1 )\
+    void *this_ = (thisPtr);                                                \
+    __asm {                                                                 \
+        mov     eax, param1           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     ecx, this_            ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, [ecx]            ;                                     \
+        call    [eax+funcOffset]      ;                                     \
+        mov     resultName, eax       ;                                     \
+    }
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_1_DOUBLE( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1 )\
+    void *this_ = (thisPtr);                                                \
+    void *doubleParamPtr_ (&param1);                                        \
+    __asm {                                                                 \
+        mov     eax, doubleParamPtr_  ;                                     \
+        push    [eax+4]               ;                                     \
+        push    [eax]                 ;                                     \
+        mov     ecx, this_            ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, [ecx]            ;                                     \
+        call    [eax+funcOffset]      ;                                     \
+        mov     resultName, eax       ;                                     \
+    }
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_2( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1, param2 )\
+    void *this_ = (thisPtr);                                                \
+    __asm {                                                                 \
+        mov     eax, param2           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, param1           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     ecx, this_            ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, [ecx]            ;                                     \
+        call    [eax+funcOffset]      ;                                     \
+        mov     resultName, eax       ;                                     \
+    }
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_4( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1, param2, param3, param4 )\
+    void *this_ = (thisPtr);                                                \
+    __asm {                                                                 \
+        mov     eax, param4           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, param3           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, param2           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, param1           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     ecx, this_            ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, [ecx]            ;                                     \
+        call    [eax+funcOffset]      ;                                     \
+        mov     resultName, eax       ;                                     \
+    }
+
+
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_0( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset )                  \
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("movl (%1), %%edx\n\t"                            \
+                          "call *"#funcOffset"(%%edx)\n\t"                  \
+                          :"=a"(resultName) /* Output Operands */           \
+                          :"c"(thisPtr)     /* Input Operands */            \
+                          : "%edx" /* Clobbered Registers */                \
+                         );                                                 \
+
+
+#define CALL_VOID_THISCALL_1( thisPtr, funcOffset, param1 )                 \
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("pushl %0\n\t"                                    \
+                          "movl (%1), %%edx\n\t"                            \
+                          "call *"#funcOffset"(%%edx)\n\t"                  \
+                          :                 /* Output Operands */           \
+                          :"r"(param1),     /* Input Operands */            \
+                           "c"(thisPtr)                                     \
+                          : "%edx" /* Clobbered Registers */                \
+                         );                                                 \
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_1( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1 )          \
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("pushl %1\n\t"                                    \
+                          "movl (%2), %%edx\n\t"                            \
+                          "call *"#funcOffset"(%%edx)\n\t"                  \
+                          :"=a"(resultName) /* Output Operands */           \
+                          :"r"(param1),     /* Input Operands */            \
+                           "c"(thisPtr)                                     \
+                          : "%edx" /* Clobbered Registers */                \
+                          );                                                \
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_1_DOUBLE( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1 )   \
+    do {                                                                    \
+    double param1f64 = param1; /* Cast explicitly to double */              \
+    double *param1f64Ptr = &param1f64; /* Make pointer to address */        \
+     __asm__ __volatile__ ("pushl 4(%1)\n\t"                                \
+                           "pushl (%1)\n\t"                                 \
+                           "movl (%2), %%edx\n\t"                           \
+                           "call *"#funcOffset"(%%edx);\n\t"                \
+                           : "=a"(resultName) /* Output Operands */         \
+                           : "r"(param1f64Ptr),  /* Input Operands */       \
+                           "c"(thisPtr),                                    \
+                           "m"(*param1f64Ptr) /* Using address */           \
+                           : "%edx" /* Clobbered Registers */               \
+                           );                                               \
+    } while (0);                                                            \
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_2( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1, param2 )  \
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("pushl %1\n\t"                                    \
+                          "pushl %2\n\t"                                    \
+                          "movl (%3), %%edx\n\t"                            \
+                          "call *"#funcOffset"(%%edx)\n\t"                  \
+                          :"=a"(resultName) /* Output Operands */           \
+                          :"r"(param2),     /* Input Operands */            \
+                           "r"(param1),                                     \
+                           "c"(thisPtr)                                     \
+                          : "%edx" /* Clobbered Registers */                \
+                          );                                                \
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_4( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1, param2, param3, param4 )\
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("pushl %1\n\t"                                    \
+                          "pushl %2\n\t"                                    \
+                          "pushl %3\n\t"                                    \
+                          "pushl %4\n\t"                                    \
+                          "movl (%5), %%edx\n\t"                            \
+                          "call *"#funcOffset"(%%edx)\n\t"                  \
+                          :"=a"(resultName) /* Output Operands */           \
+                          :"r"(param4),     /* Input Operands  */           \
+                           "r"(param3),                                     \
+                           "r"(param2),                                     \
+                           "r"(param1),                                     \
+                           "c"(thisPtr)                                     \
+                          : "%edx" /* Clobbered Registers */                \
+                          );                                                \
+
+#endif
+
+
+
+// Our static singleton instance.
+IASIOThiscallResolver IASIOThiscallResolver::instance;
+
+// Constructor called to initialize static Singleton instance above. Note that
+// it is important not to clear that_ incase it has already been set by the call
+// to placement new in ASIOInit().
+IASIOThiscallResolver::IASIOThiscallResolver()
+{
+}
+
+// Constructor called from ASIOInit() below
+IASIOThiscallResolver::IASIOThiscallResolver(IASIO* that)
+: that_( that )
+{
+}
+
+// Implement IUnknown methods as assert(false). IASIOThiscallResolver is not
+// really a COM object, just a wrapper which will work with the ASIO SDK.
+// If you wanted to use ASIO without the SDK you might want to implement COM
+// aggregation in these methods.
+HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE IASIOThiscallResolver::QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void **ppv)
+{
+    (void)riid;     // suppress unused variable warning
+
+    assert( false ); // this function should never be called by the ASIO SDK.
+
+    *ppv = NULL;
+    return E_NOINTERFACE;
+}
+
+ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE IASIOThiscallResolver::AddRef()
+{
+    assert( false ); // this function should never be called by the ASIO SDK.
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE IASIOThiscallResolver::Release()
+{
+    assert( false ); // this function should never be called by the ASIO SDK.
+    
+    return 1;
+}
+
+
+// Implement the IASIO interface methods by performing the vptr manipulation
+// described above then delegating to the real implementation.
+ASIOBool IASIOThiscallResolver::init(void *sysHandle)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_1( result, that_, 12, sysHandle );
+    return result;
+}
+
+void IASIOThiscallResolver::getDriverName(char *name)
+{
+    CALL_VOID_THISCALL_1( that_, 16, name );
+}
+
+long IASIOThiscallResolver::getDriverVersion()
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_0( result, that_, 20 );
+    return result;
+}
+
+void IASIOThiscallResolver::getErrorMessage(char *string)
+{
+     CALL_VOID_THISCALL_1( that_, 24, string );
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::start()
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_0( result, that_, 28 );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::stop()
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_0( result, that_, 32 );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getChannels(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_2( result, that_, 36, numInputChannels, numOutputChannels );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getLatencies(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_2( result, that_, 40, inputLatency, outputLatency );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getBufferSize(long *minSize, long *maxSize,
+        long *preferredSize, long *granularity)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_4( result, that_, 44, minSize, maxSize, preferredSize, granularity );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::canSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_1_DOUBLE( result, that_, 48, sampleRate );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate *sampleRate)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_1( result, that_, 52, sampleRate );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::setSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate)
+{    
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_1_DOUBLE( result, that_, 56, sampleRate );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getClockSources(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_2( result, that_, 60, clocks, numSources );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::setClockSource(long reference)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_1( result, that_, 64, reference );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getSamplePosition(ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_2( result, that_, 68, sPos, tStamp );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getChannelInfo(ASIOChannelInfo *info)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_1( result, that_, 72, info );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::createBuffers(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos,
+        long numChannels, long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_4( result, that_, 76, bufferInfos, numChannels, bufferSize, callbacks );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::disposeBuffers()
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_0( result, that_, 80 );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::controlPanel()
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_0( result, that_, 84 );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::future(long selector,void *opt)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_2( result, that_, 88, selector, opt );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::outputReady()
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_0( result, that_, 92 );
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+// Implement our substitute ASIOInit() method
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::ASIOInit(ASIODriverInfo *info)
+{
+    // To ensure that our instance's vptr is correctly constructed, even if
+    // ASIOInit is called prior to main(), we explicitly call its constructor
+    // (potentially over the top of an existing instance). Note that this is
+    // pretty ugly, and is only safe because IASIOThiscallResolver has no
+    // destructor and contains no objects with destructors.
+    new((void*)&instance) IASIOThiscallResolver( theAsioDriver );
+
+    // Interpose between ASIO client code and the real driver.
+    theAsioDriver = &instance;
+
+    // Note that we never need to switch theAsioDriver back to point to the
+    // real driver because theAsioDriver is reset to zero in ASIOExit().
+
+    // Delegate to the real ASIOInit
+	return ::ASIOInit(info);
+}
+
+
+#endif /* !defined(_MSC_VER) */
+
+#endif /* Win32 */
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/iasiothiscallresolver.h b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/iasiothiscallresolver.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..21d53b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/iasiothiscallresolver.h
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+// ****************************************************************************
+// File:			IASIOThiscallResolver.h
+// Description:     The IASIOThiscallResolver class implements the IASIO
+//					interface and acts as a proxy to the real IASIO interface by
+//                  calling through its vptr table using the thiscall calling
+//                  convention. To put it another way, we interpose
+//                  IASIOThiscallResolver between ASIO SDK code and the driver.
+//                  This is necessary because most non-Microsoft compilers don't
+//                  implement the thiscall calling convention used by IASIO.
+//
+//					iasiothiscallresolver.cpp contains the background of this
+//					problem plus a technical description of the vptr
+//                  manipulations.
+//
+//					In order to use this mechanism one simply has to add
+//					iasiothiscallresolver.cpp to the list of files to compile
+//                  and #include <iasiothiscallresolver.h>
+//
+//					Note that this #include must come after the other ASIO SDK
+//                  #includes, for example:
+//
+//					#include <windows.h>
+//					#include <asiosys.h>
+//					#include <asio.h>
+//					#include <asiodrivers.h>
+//					#include <iasiothiscallresolver.h>
+//
+//					Actually the important thing is to #include
+//                  <iasiothiscallresolver.h> after <asio.h>. We have
+//                  incorporated a test to enforce this ordering.
+//
+//					The code transparently takes care of the interposition by
+//                  using macro substitution to intercept calls to ASIOInit()
+//                  and ASIOExit(). We save the original ASIO global
+//                  "theAsioDriver" in our "that" variable, and then set
+//                  "theAsioDriver" to equal our IASIOThiscallResolver instance.
+//
+// 					Whilst this method of resolving the thiscall problem requires
+//					the addition of #include <iasiothiscallresolver.h> to client
+//                  code it has the advantage that it does not break the terms
+//                  of the ASIO licence by publishing it. We are NOT modifying
+//                  any Steinberg code here, we are merely implementing the IASIO
+//					interface in the same way that we would need to do if we
+//					wished to provide an open source ASIO driver.
+//
+//					For compilation with MinGW -lole32 needs to be added to the
+//                  linker options. For BORLAND, linking with Import32.lib is
+//                  sufficient.
+//
+//					The dependencies are with: CoInitialize, CoUninitialize,
+//					CoCreateInstance, CLSIDFromString - used by asiolist.cpp
+//					and are required on Windows whether ThiscallResolver is used
+//					or not.
+//
+//					Searching for the above strings in the root library path
+//					of your compiler should enable the correct libraries to be
+//					identified if they aren't immediately obvious.
+//
+//                  Note that the current implementation of IASIOThiscallResolver
+//                  is not COM compliant - it does not correctly implement the
+//                  IUnknown interface. Implementing it is not necessary because
+//                  it is not called by parts of the ASIO SDK which call through
+//                  theAsioDriver ptr. The IUnknown methods are implemented as
+//                  assert(false) to ensure that the code fails if they are
+//                  ever called.
+// Restrictions:	None. Public Domain & Open Source distribute freely
+//					You may use IASIOThiscallResolver commercially as well as
+//                  privately.
+//					You the user assume the responsibility for the use of the
+//					files, binary or text, and there is no guarantee or warranty,
+//					expressed or implied, including but not limited to the
+//					implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a
+//					particular purpose. You assume all responsibility and agree
+//					to hold no entity, copyright holder or distributors liable
+//					for any loss of data or inaccurate representations of data
+//					as a result of using IASIOThiscallResolver.
+// Version:         1.4 Added separate macro CALL_THISCALL_1_DOUBLE from
+//                  Andrew Baldwin, and volatile for whole gcc asm blocks,
+//                  both for compatibility with newer gcc versions. Cleaned up
+//                  Borland asm to use one less register.
+//                  1.3 Switched to including assert.h for better compatibility.
+//                  Wrapped entire .h and .cpp contents with a check for
+//                  _MSC_VER to provide better compatibility with MS compilers.
+//                  Changed Singleton implementation to use static instance
+//                  instead of freestore allocated instance. Removed ASIOExit
+//                  macro as it is no longer needed.
+//                  1.2 Removed semicolons from ASIOInit and ASIOExit macros to
+//                  allow them to be embedded in expressions (if statements).
+//                  Cleaned up some comments. Removed combase.c dependency (it
+//                  doesn't compile with BCB anyway) by stubbing IUnknown.
+//                  1.1 Incorporated comments from Ross Bencina including things
+//					such as changing name from ThiscallResolver to
+//					IASIOThiscallResolver, tidying up the constructor, fixing
+//					a bug in IASIOThiscallResolver::ASIOExit() and improving
+//					portability through the use of conditional compilation
+//					1.0 Initial working version.
+// Created:			6/09/2003
+// Authors:         Fraser Adams
+//                  Ross Bencina
+//                  Rene G. Ceballos
+//                  Martin Fay
+//                  Antti Silvast
+//                  Andrew Baldwin
+//
+// ****************************************************************************
+
+
+#ifndef included_iasiothiscallresolver_h
+#define included_iasiothiscallresolver_h
+
+// We only need IASIOThiscallResolver at all if we are on Win32. For other
+// platforms we simply bypass the IASIOThiscallResolver definition to allow us
+// to be safely #include'd whatever the platform to keep client code portable
+#if (defined(WIN32) || defined(_WIN32) || defined(__WIN32__)) && !defined(_WIN64)
+
+
+// If microsoft compiler we can call IASIO directly so IASIOThiscallResolver
+// is not used.
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
+
+
+// The following is in order to ensure that this header is only included after
+// the other ASIO headers (except for the case of iasiothiscallresolver.cpp).
+// We need to do this because IASIOThiscallResolver works by eclipsing the
+// original definition of ASIOInit() with a macro (see below).
+#if !defined(iasiothiscallresolver_sourcefile)
+	#if !defined(__ASIO_H)
+	#error iasiothiscallresolver.h must be included AFTER asio.h
+	#endif
+#endif
+
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <asiodrvr.h> /* From ASIO SDK */
+
+
+class IASIOThiscallResolver : public IASIO {
+private:
+	IASIO* that_; // Points to the real IASIO
+
+	static IASIOThiscallResolver instance; // Singleton instance
+
+	// Constructors - declared private so construction is limited to
+    // our Singleton instance
+    IASIOThiscallResolver();
+	IASIOThiscallResolver(IASIO* that);
+public:
+
+    // Methods from the IUnknown interface. We don't fully implement IUnknown
+    // because the ASIO SDK never calls these methods through theAsioDriver ptr.
+    // These methods are implemented as assert(false).
+    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void **ppv);
+    virtual ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE AddRef();
+    virtual ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE Release();
+
+    // Methods from the IASIO interface, implemented as forwarning calls to that.
+	virtual ASIOBool init(void *sysHandle);
+	virtual void getDriverName(char *name);
+	virtual long getDriverVersion();
+	virtual void getErrorMessage(char *string);
+	virtual ASIOError start();
+	virtual ASIOError stop();
+	virtual ASIOError getChannels(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels);
+	virtual ASIOError getLatencies(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency);
+	virtual ASIOError getBufferSize(long *minSize, long *maxSize, long *preferredSize, long *granularity);
+	virtual ASIOError canSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate);
+	virtual ASIOError getSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate *sampleRate);
+	virtual ASIOError setSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate);
+	virtual ASIOError getClockSources(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources);
+	virtual ASIOError setClockSource(long reference);
+	virtual ASIOError getSamplePosition(ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp);
+	virtual ASIOError getChannelInfo(ASIOChannelInfo *info);
+	virtual ASIOError createBuffers(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos, long numChannels, long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks);
+	virtual ASIOError disposeBuffers();
+	virtual ASIOError controlPanel();
+	virtual ASIOError future(long selector,void *opt);
+	virtual ASIOError outputReady();
+
+    // Class method, see ASIOInit() macro below.
+    static ASIOError ASIOInit(ASIODriverInfo *info); // Delegates to ::ASIOInit
+};
+
+
+// Replace calls to ASIOInit with our interposing version.
+// This macro enables us to perform thiscall resolution simply by #including
+// <iasiothiscallresolver.h> after the asio #includes (this file _must_ be
+// included _after_ the asio #includes)
+
+#define ASIOInit(name) IASIOThiscallResolver::ASIOInit((name))
+
+
+#endif /* !defined(_MSC_VER) */
+
+#endif /* Win32 */
+
+#endif /* included_iasiothiscallresolver_h */
+
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/pa_asio.cpp b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/pa_asio.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16448d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/asio/pa_asio.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,4240 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library for ASIO Drivers
+ *
+ * Author: Stephane Letz
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 2000-2002 Stephane Letz, Phil Burk, Ross Bencina
+ * Blocking i/o implementation by Sven Fischer, Institute of Hearing
+ * Technology and Audiology (www.hoertechnik-audiologie.de)
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/* Modification History
+
+        08-03-01 First version : Stephane Letz
+        08-06-01 Tweaks for PC, use C++, buffer allocation, Float32 to Int32 conversion : Phil Burk
+        08-20-01 More conversion, PA_StreamTime, Pa_GetHostError : Stephane Letz
+        08-21-01 PaUInt8 bug correction, implementation of ASIOSTFloat32LSB and ASIOSTFloat32MSB native formats : Stephane Letz
+        08-24-01 MAX_INT32_FP hack, another Uint8 fix : Stephane and Phil
+        08-27-01 Implementation of hostBufferSize < userBufferSize case, better management of the output buffer when
+                 the stream is stopped : Stephane Letz
+        08-28-01 Check the stream pointer for null in bufferSwitchTimeInfo, correct bug in bufferSwitchTimeInfo when
+                 the stream is stopped : Stephane Letz
+        10-12-01 Correct the PaHost_CalcNumHostBuffers function: computes FramesPerHostBuffer to be the lowest that
+                 respect requested FramesPerUserBuffer and userBuffersPerHostBuffer : Stephane Letz
+        10-26-01 Management of hostBufferSize and userBufferSize of any size : Stephane Letz
+        10-27-01 Improve calculus of hostBufferSize to be multiple or divisor of userBufferSize if possible : Stephane and Phil
+        10-29-01 Change MAX_INT32_FP to (2147483520.0f) to prevent roundup to 0x80000000 : Phil Burk
+        10-31-01 Clear the output buffer and user buffers in PaHost_StartOutput, correct bug in GetFirstMultiple : Stephane Letz
+        11-06-01 Rename functions : Stephane Letz
+        11-08-01 New Pa_ASIO_Adaptor_Init function to init Callback adpatation variables, cleanup of Pa_ASIO_Callback_Input: Stephane Letz
+        11-29-01 Break apart device loading to debug random failure in Pa_ASIO_QueryDeviceInfo ; Phil Burk
+        01-03-02 Deallocate all resources in PaHost_Term for cases where Pa_CloseStream is not called properly :  Stephane Letz
+        02-01-02 Cleanup, test of multiple-stream opening : Stephane Letz
+        19-02-02 New Pa_ASIO_loadDriver that calls CoInitialize on each thread on Windows : Stephane Letz
+        09-04-02 Correct error code management in PaHost_Term, removes various compiler warning : Stephane Letz
+        12-04-02 Add Mac includes for <Devices.h> and <Timer.h> : Phil Burk
+        13-04-02 Removes another compiler warning : Stephane Letz
+        30-04-02 Pa_ASIO_QueryDeviceInfo bug correction, memory allocation checking, better error handling : D Viens, P Burk, S Letz
+        12-06-02 Rehashed into new multi-api infrastructure, added support for all ASIO sample formats : Ross Bencina
+        18-06-02 Added pa_asio.h, PaAsio_GetAvailableLatencyValues() : Ross B.
+        21-06-02 Added SelectHostBufferSize() which selects host buffer size based on user latency parameters : Ross Bencina
+        ** NOTE  maintenance history is now stored in CVS **
+*/
+
+/** @file
+    @ingroup hostapi_src
+
+    Note that specific support for paInputUnderflow, paOutputOverflow and
+    paNeverDropInput is not necessary or possible with this driver due to the
+    synchronous full duplex double-buffered architecture of ASIO.
+*/
+
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+//#include <values.h>
+#include <new>
+
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <mmsystem.h>
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_asio.h"
+#include "pa_util.h"
+#include "pa_allocation.h"
+#include "pa_hostapi.h"
+#include "pa_stream.h"
+#include "pa_cpuload.h"
+#include "pa_process.h"
+#include "pa_debugprint.h"
+#include "pa_ringbuffer.h"
+
+#include "pa_win_coinitialize.h"
+#include "pa_win_util.h"
+
+/* This version of pa_asio.cpp is currently only targeted at Win32,
+   It would require a few tweaks to work with pre-OS X Macintosh.
+   To make configuration easier, we define WIN32 here to make sure
+   that the ASIO SDK knows this is Win32.
+*/
+#ifndef WIN32
+#define WIN32
+#endif
+
+#include "asiosys.h"
+#include "asio.h"
+#include "asiodrivers.h"
+#include "iasiothiscallresolver.h"
+
+/*
+#if MAC
+#include <Devices.h>
+#include <Timer.h>
+#include <Math64.h>
+#else
+*/
+/*
+#include <math.h>
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <mmsystem.h>
+*/
+/*
+#endif
+*/
+
+
+/* winmm.lib is needed for timeGetTime() (this is in winmm.a if you're using gcc) */
+#if (defined(WIN32) && (defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1200))) /* MSC version 6 and above */
+#pragma comment(lib, "winmm.lib")
+#endif
+
+
+/* external reference to ASIO SDK's asioDrivers.
+
+ This is a bit messy because we want to explicitly manage
+ allocation/deallocation of this structure, but some layers of the SDK
+ which we currently use (eg the implementation in asio.cpp) still
+ use this global version.
+
+ For now we keep it in sync with our local instance in the host
+ API representation structure, but later we should be able to remove
+ all dependence on it.
+*/
+extern AsioDrivers* asioDrivers;
+
+
+/* We are trying to be compatible with CARBON but this has not been thoroughly tested. */
+/* not tested at all since new V19 code was introduced. */
+#define CARBON_COMPATIBLE  (0)
+
+
+/* prototypes for functions declared in this file */
+
+extern "C" PaError PaAsio_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex hostApiIndex );
+static void Terminate( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi );
+static PaError OpenStream( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                           PaStream** s,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                           double sampleRate,
+                           unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                           PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                           PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                           void *userData );
+static PaError IsFormatSupported( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                  double sampleRate );
+static PaError CloseStream( PaStream* stream );
+static PaError StartStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError StopStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError AbortStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError IsStreamStopped( PaStream *s );
+static PaError IsStreamActive( PaStream *stream );
+static PaTime GetStreamTime( PaStream *stream );
+static double GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream* stream );
+static PaError ReadStream( PaStream* stream, void *buffer, unsigned long frames );
+static PaError WriteStream( PaStream* stream, const void *buffer, unsigned long frames );
+static signed long GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream* stream );
+static signed long GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream* stream );
+
+/* Blocking i/o callback function. */
+static int BlockingIoPaCallback(const void                     *inputBuffer    ,
+                                      void                     *outputBuffer   ,
+                                      unsigned long             framesPerBuffer,
+                                const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo *timeInfo       ,
+                                      PaStreamCallbackFlags     statusFlags    ,
+                                      void                     *userData       );
+
+/* our ASIO callback functions */
+
+static void bufferSwitch(long index, ASIOBool processNow);
+static ASIOTime *bufferSwitchTimeInfo(ASIOTime *timeInfo, long index, ASIOBool processNow);
+static void sampleRateChanged(ASIOSampleRate sRate);
+static long asioMessages(long selector, long value, void* message, double* opt);
+
+static ASIOCallbacks asioCallbacks_ =
+    { bufferSwitch, sampleRateChanged, asioMessages, bufferSwitchTimeInfo };
+
+
+#define PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_HOST_ERROR( errorCode, errorText ) \
+    PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( paASIO, errorCode, errorText )
+
+
+static void PaAsio_SetLastSystemError( DWORD errorCode )
+{
+    PaWinUtil_SetLastSystemErrorInfo( paASIO, errorCode );
+}
+
+#define PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( errorCode ) \
+    PaAsio_SetLastSystemError( errorCode )
+
+
+static const char* PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText( ASIOError asioError )
+{
+    const char *result;
+
+    switch( asioError ){
+        case ASE_OK:
+        case ASE_SUCCESS:           result = "Success"; break;
+        case ASE_NotPresent:        result = "Hardware input or output is not present or available"; break;
+        case ASE_HWMalfunction:     result = "Hardware is malfunctioning"; break;
+        case ASE_InvalidParameter:  result = "Input parameter invalid"; break;
+        case ASE_InvalidMode:       result = "Hardware is in a bad mode or used in a bad mode"; break;
+        case ASE_SPNotAdvancing:    result = "Hardware is not running when sample position is inquired"; break;
+        case ASE_NoClock:           result = "Sample clock or rate cannot be determined or is not present"; break;
+        case ASE_NoMemory:          result = "Not enough memory for completing the request"; break;
+        default:                    result = "Unknown ASIO error"; break;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+#define PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError ) \
+    PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( paASIO, asioError, PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText( asioError ) )
+
+
+
+
+// Atomic increment and decrement operations
+#if MAC
+    /* need to be implemented on Mac */
+    inline long PaAsio_AtomicIncrement(volatile long* v) {return ++(*const_cast<long*>(v));}
+    inline long PaAsio_AtomicDecrement(volatile long* v) {return --(*const_cast<long*>(v));}
+#elif WINDOWS
+    inline long PaAsio_AtomicIncrement(volatile long* v) {return InterlockedIncrement(const_cast<long*>(v));}
+    inline long PaAsio_AtomicDecrement(volatile long* v) {return InterlockedDecrement(const_cast<long*>(v));}
+#endif
+
+
+
+typedef struct PaAsioDriverInfo
+{
+    ASIODriverInfo asioDriverInfo;
+    long inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount;
+    long bufferMinSize, bufferMaxSize, bufferPreferredSize, bufferGranularity;
+    bool postOutput;
+}
+PaAsioDriverInfo;
+
+
+/* PaAsioHostApiRepresentation - host api datastructure specific to this implementation */
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation inheritedHostApiRep;
+    PaUtilStreamInterface callbackStreamInterface;
+    PaUtilStreamInterface blockingStreamInterface;
+
+    PaUtilAllocationGroup *allocations;
+
+    PaWinUtilComInitializationResult comInitializationResult;
+
+    AsioDrivers *asioDrivers;
+    void *systemSpecific;
+
+    /* the ASIO C API only allows one ASIO driver to be open at a time,
+        so we keep track of whether we have the driver open here, and
+        use this information to return errors from OpenStream if the
+        driver is already open.
+
+        openAsioDeviceIndex will be PaNoDevice if there is no device open
+        and a valid pa_asio (not global) device index otherwise.
+
+        openAsioDriverInfo is populated with the driver info for the
+        currently open device (if any)
+    */
+    PaDeviceIndex openAsioDeviceIndex;
+    PaAsioDriverInfo openAsioDriverInfo;
+}
+PaAsioHostApiRepresentation;
+
+
+/*
+    Retrieve <driverCount> driver names from ASIO, returned in a char**
+    allocated in <group>.
+*/
+static char **GetAsioDriverNames( PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi, PaUtilAllocationGroup *group, long driverCount )
+{
+    char **result = 0;
+    int i;
+
+    result =(char**)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+            group, sizeof(char*) * driverCount );
+    if( !result )
+        goto error;
+
+    result[0] = (char*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+            group, 32 * driverCount );
+    if( !result[0] )
+        goto error;
+
+    for( i=0; i<driverCount; ++i )
+        result[i] = result[0] + (32 * i);
+
+    asioHostApi->asioDrivers->getDriverNames( result, driverCount );
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaSampleFormat AsioSampleTypeToPaNativeSampleFormat(ASIOSampleType type)
+{
+    switch (type) {
+        case ASIOSTInt16MSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt16LSB:
+                return paInt16;
+
+        case ASIOSTFloat32MSB:
+        case ASIOSTFloat32LSB:
+        case ASIOSTFloat64MSB:
+        case ASIOSTFloat64LSB:
+                return paFloat32;
+
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB16:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB16:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB18:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB20:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB24:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB18:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB20:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB24:
+                return paInt32;
+
+        case ASIOSTInt24MSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt24LSB:
+                return paInt24;
+
+        default:
+                return paCustomFormat;
+    }
+}
+
+void AsioSampleTypeLOG(ASIOSampleType type)
+{
+    switch (type) {
+        case ASIOSTInt16MSB:  PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt16MSB\n"));  break;
+        case ASIOSTInt16LSB:  PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt16LSB\n"));  break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat32MSB:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTFloat32MSB\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat32LSB:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTFloat32LSB\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat64MSB:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTFloat64MSB\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat64LSB:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTFloat64LSB\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB:  PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32MSB\n"));  break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB:  PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32LSB\n"));  break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB16:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32MSB16\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB16:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32LSB16\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB18:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32MSB18\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB20:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32MSB20\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB24:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32MSB24\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB18:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32LSB18\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB20:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32LSB20\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB24:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32LSB24\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt24MSB:  PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt24MSB\n"));  break;
+        case ASIOSTInt24LSB:  PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt24LSB\n"));  break;
+        default:              PA_DEBUG(("Custom Format%d\n",type));break;
+
+    }
+}
+
+static int BytesPerAsioSample( ASIOSampleType sampleType )
+{
+    switch (sampleType) {
+        case ASIOSTInt16MSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt16LSB:
+            return 2;
+
+        case ASIOSTFloat64MSB:
+        case ASIOSTFloat64LSB:
+            return 8;
+
+        case ASIOSTFloat32MSB:
+        case ASIOSTFloat32LSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB16:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB16:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB18:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB20:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB24:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB18:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB20:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB24:
+            return 4;
+
+        case ASIOSTInt24MSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt24LSB:
+            return 3;
+
+        default:
+            return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void Swap16( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned short *p = (unsigned short*)buffer;
+    unsigned short temp;
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p;
+        *p++ = (unsigned short)((temp<<8) | (temp>>8));
+    }
+}
+
+static void Swap24( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned char *p = (unsigned char*)buffer;
+    unsigned char temp;
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p;
+        *p = *(p+2);
+        *(p+2) = temp;
+        p += 3;
+    }
+}
+
+#define PA_SWAP32_( x ) ((x>>24) | ((x>>8)&0xFF00) | ((x<<8)&0xFF0000) | (x<<24));
+
+static void Swap32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned long *p = (unsigned long*)buffer;
+    unsigned long temp;
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p;
+        *p++ = PA_SWAP32_( temp);
+    }
+}
+
+static void SwapShiftLeft32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned long *p = (unsigned long*)buffer;
+    unsigned long temp;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p;
+        temp = PA_SWAP32_( temp);
+        *p++ = temp << shift;
+    }
+}
+
+static void ShiftRightSwap32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned long *p = (unsigned long*)buffer;
+    unsigned long temp;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p >> shift;
+        *p++ = PA_SWAP32_( temp);
+    }
+}
+
+static void ShiftLeft32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned long *p = (unsigned long*)buffer;
+    unsigned long temp;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p;
+        *p++ = temp << shift;
+    }
+}
+
+static void ShiftRight32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned long *p = (unsigned long*)buffer;
+    unsigned long temp;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p;
+        *p++ = temp >> shift;
+    }
+}
+
+#define PA_SWAP_( x, y ) temp=x; x = y; y = temp;
+
+static void Swap64ConvertFloat64ToFloat32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    double *in = (double*)buffer;
+    float *out = (float*)buffer;
+    unsigned char *p;
+    unsigned char temp;
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        p = (unsigned char*)in;
+        PA_SWAP_( p[0], p[7] );
+        PA_SWAP_( p[1], p[6] );
+        PA_SWAP_( p[2], p[5] );
+        PA_SWAP_( p[3], p[4] );
+
+        *out++ = (float) (*in++);
+    }
+}
+
+static void ConvertFloat64ToFloat32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    double *in = (double*)buffer;
+    float *out = (float*)buffer;
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+        *out++ = (float) (*in++);
+}
+
+static void ConvertFloat32ToFloat64Swap64( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    float *in = ((float*)buffer) + (count-1);
+    double *out = ((double*)buffer) + (count-1);
+    unsigned char *p;
+    unsigned char temp;
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        *out = *in--;
+
+        p = (unsigned char*)out;
+        PA_SWAP_( p[0], p[7] );
+        PA_SWAP_( p[1], p[6] );
+        PA_SWAP_( p[2], p[5] );
+        PA_SWAP_( p[3], p[4] );
+
+        out--;
+    }
+}
+
+static void ConvertFloat32ToFloat64( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    float *in = ((float*)buffer) + (count-1);
+    double *out = ((double*)buffer) + (count-1);
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+        *out-- = *in--;
+}
+
+#ifdef MAC
+#define PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+#undef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+#endif
+
+#ifdef WINDOWS
+#undef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+#define PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+#endif
+
+typedef void PaAsioBufferConverter( void *, long, long );
+
+static void SelectAsioToPaConverter( ASIOSampleType type, PaAsioBufferConverter **converter, long *shift )
+{
+    *shift = 0;
+    *converter = 0;
+
+    switch (type) {
+        case ASIOSTInt16MSB:
+            /* dest: paInt16, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap16;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt16LSB:
+            /* dest: paInt16, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap16;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat32MSB:
+            /* dest: paFloat32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat32LSB:
+            /* dest: paFloat32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat64MSB:
+            /* dest: paFloat32, in-place conversion to/from float32, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap64ConvertFloat64ToFloat32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ConvertFloat64ToFloat32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat64LSB:
+            /* dest: paFloat32, in-place conversion to/from float32, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap64ConvertFloat64ToFloat32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ConvertFloat64ToFloat32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB:
+            /* dest: paInt32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB:
+            /* dest: paInt32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB16:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 16 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 16;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB18:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 14 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 14;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB20:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 12 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 12;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB24:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 8 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 8;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB16:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 16 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 16;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB18:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 14 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 14;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB20:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 12 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 12;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB24:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 8 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 8;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt24MSB:
+            /* dest: paInt24, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap24;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt24LSB:
+            /* dest: paInt24, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap24;
+            #endif
+            break;
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void SelectPaToAsioConverter( ASIOSampleType type, PaAsioBufferConverter **converter, long *shift )
+{
+    *shift = 0;
+    *converter = 0;
+
+    switch (type) {
+        case ASIOSTInt16MSB:
+            /* src: paInt16, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap16;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt16LSB:
+            /* src: paInt16, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap16;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat32MSB:
+            /* src: paFloat32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat32LSB:
+            /* src: paFloat32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat64MSB:
+            /* src: paFloat32, in-place conversion to/from float32, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ConvertFloat32ToFloat64Swap64;
+            #else
+                *converter = ConvertFloat32ToFloat64;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat64LSB:
+            /* src: paFloat32, in-place conversion to/from float32, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ConvertFloat32ToFloat64Swap64;
+            #else
+                *converter = ConvertFloat32ToFloat64;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB:
+            /* src: paInt32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB:
+            /* src: paInt32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB16:
+            /* src: paInt32, 16 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 16;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB18:
+            /* src: paInt32, 14 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 14;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB20:
+            /* src: paInt32, 12 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 12;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB24:
+            /* src: paInt32, 8 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 8;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB16:
+            /* src: paInt32, 16 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 16;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB18:
+            /* src: paInt32, 14 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 14;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB20:
+            /* src: paInt32, 12 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 12;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB24:
+            /* src: paInt32, 8 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 8;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt24MSB:
+            /* src: paInt24, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap24;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt24LSB:
+            /* src: paInt24, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap24;
+            #endif
+            break;
+    }
+}
+
+
+typedef struct PaAsioDeviceInfo
+{
+    PaDeviceInfo commonDeviceInfo;
+    long minBufferSize;
+    long maxBufferSize;
+    long preferredBufferSize;
+    long bufferGranularity;
+
+    ASIOChannelInfo *asioChannelInfos;
+}
+PaAsioDeviceInfo;
+
+
+PaError PaAsio_GetAvailableBufferSizes( PaDeviceIndex device,
+        long *minBufferSizeFrames, long *maxBufferSizeFrames, long *preferredBufferSizeFrames, long *granularity )
+{
+    PaError result;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi;
+    PaDeviceIndex hostApiDevice;
+
+    result = PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( &hostApi, paASIO );
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+    {
+        result = PaUtil_DeviceIndexToHostApiDeviceIndex( &hostApiDevice, device, hostApi );
+
+        if( result == paNoError )
+        {
+            PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo =
+                    (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[hostApiDevice];
+
+            *minBufferSizeFrames = asioDeviceInfo->minBufferSize;
+            *maxBufferSizeFrames = asioDeviceInfo->maxBufferSize;
+            *preferredBufferSizeFrames = asioDeviceInfo->preferredBufferSize;
+            *granularity = asioDeviceInfo->bufferGranularity;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/* Unload whatever we loaded in LoadAsioDriver().
+*/
+static void UnloadAsioDriver( void )
+{
+    ASIOExit();
+}
+
+/*
+    load the asio driver named by <driverName> and return statistics about
+    the driver in info. If no error occurred, the driver will remain open
+    and must be closed by the called by calling UnloadAsioDriver() - if an error
+    is returned the driver will already be unloaded.
+*/
+static PaError LoadAsioDriver( PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi, const char *driverName,
+        PaAsioDriverInfo *driverInfo, void *systemSpecific )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+    int asioIsInitialized = 0;
+
+    if( !asioHostApi->asioDrivers->loadDriver( const_cast<char*>(driverName) ) )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_HOST_ERROR( 0, "Failed to load ASIO driver" );
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    memset( &driverInfo->asioDriverInfo, 0, sizeof(ASIODriverInfo) );
+    driverInfo->asioDriverInfo.asioVersion = 2;
+    driverInfo->asioDriverInfo.sysRef = systemSpecific;
+    if( (asioError = ASIOInit( &driverInfo->asioDriverInfo )) != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        goto error;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        asioIsInitialized = 1;
+    }
+
+    if( (asioError = ASIOGetChannels(&driverInfo->inputChannelCount,
+            &driverInfo->outputChannelCount)) != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    if( (asioError = ASIOGetBufferSize(&driverInfo->bufferMinSize,
+            &driverInfo->bufferMaxSize, &driverInfo->bufferPreferredSize,
+            &driverInfo->bufferGranularity)) != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    if( ASIOOutputReady() == ASE_OK )
+        driverInfo->postOutput = true;
+    else
+        driverInfo->postOutput = false;
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    if( asioIsInitialized )
+    {
+        ASIOExit();
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+#define PA_DEFAULTSAMPLERATESEARCHORDER_COUNT_     13   /* must be the same number of elements as in the array below */
+static ASIOSampleRate defaultSampleRateSearchOrder_[]
+     = {44100.0, 48000.0, 32000.0, 24000.0, 22050.0, 88200.0, 96000.0,
+        192000.0, 16000.0, 12000.0, 11025.0, 9600.0, 8000.0 };
+
+
+static PaError InitPaDeviceInfoFromAsioDriver( PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi,
+        const char *driverName, int driverIndex,
+        PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo, PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    /* Due to the headless design of the ASIO API, drivers are free to write over data given to them (like M-Audio
+       drivers f.i.). This is an attempt to overcome that. */
+    union _tag_local {
+        PaAsioDriverInfo info;
+        char _padding[4096];
+    } paAsioDriver;
+
+    asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos = 0; /* we check this below to handle error cleanup */
+
+    result = LoadAsioDriver( asioHostApi, driverName, &paAsioDriver.info, asioHostApi->systemSpecific );
+    if( result == paNoError )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d name = %s\n",  driverIndex,deviceInfo->name));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d inputChannels       = %d\n", driverIndex, paAsioDriver.info.inputChannelCount));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d outputChannels      = %d\n", driverIndex, paAsioDriver.info.outputChannelCount));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d bufferMinSize       = %d\n", driverIndex, paAsioDriver.info.bufferMinSize));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d bufferMaxSize       = %d\n", driverIndex, paAsioDriver.info.bufferMaxSize));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d bufferPreferredSize = %d\n", driverIndex, paAsioDriver.info.bufferPreferredSize));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d bufferGranularity   = %d\n", driverIndex, paAsioDriver.info.bufferGranularity));
+
+        deviceInfo->maxInputChannels  = paAsioDriver.info.inputChannelCount;
+        deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels = paAsioDriver.info.outputChannelCount;
+
+        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 0.;
+        bool foundDefaultSampleRate = false;
+        for( int j=0; j < PA_DEFAULTSAMPLERATESEARCHORDER_COUNT_; ++j )
+        {
+            ASIOError asioError = ASIOCanSampleRate( defaultSampleRateSearchOrder_[j] );
+            if( asioError != ASE_NoClock && asioError != ASE_NotPresent )
+            {
+                deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = defaultSampleRateSearchOrder_[j];
+                foundDefaultSampleRate = true;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d defaultSampleRate = %f\n", driverIndex, deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate));
+
+        if( foundDefaultSampleRate ){
+
+            /* calculate default latency values from bufferPreferredSize
+                for default low latency, and bufferMaxSize
+                for default high latency.
+                use the default sample rate to convert from samples to
+                seconds. Without knowing what sample rate the user will
+                use this is the best we can do.
+            */
+
+            double defaultLowLatency =
+                    paAsioDriver.info.bufferPreferredSize / deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate;
+
+            deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency = defaultLowLatency;
+            deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency = defaultLowLatency;
+
+            double defaultHighLatency =
+                    paAsioDriver.info.bufferMaxSize / deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate;
+
+            if( defaultHighLatency < defaultLowLatency )
+                defaultHighLatency = defaultLowLatency; /* just in case the driver returns something strange */
+
+            deviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency = defaultHighLatency;
+            deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency = defaultHighLatency;
+
+        }else{
+
+            deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency = 0.;
+            deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency = 0.;
+            deviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency = 0.;
+            deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency = 0.;
+        }
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d defaultLowInputLatency = %f\n", driverIndex, deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d defaultLowOutputLatency = %f\n", driverIndex, deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d defaultHighInputLatency = %f\n", driverIndex, deviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d defaultHighOutputLatency = %f\n", driverIndex, deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency));
+
+        asioDeviceInfo->minBufferSize = paAsioDriver.info.bufferMinSize;
+        asioDeviceInfo->maxBufferSize = paAsioDriver.info.bufferMaxSize;
+        asioDeviceInfo->preferredBufferSize = paAsioDriver.info.bufferPreferredSize;
+        asioDeviceInfo->bufferGranularity = paAsioDriver.info.bufferGranularity;
+
+
+        asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos = (ASIOChannelInfo*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                asioHostApi->allocations,
+                sizeof(ASIOChannelInfo) * (deviceInfo->maxInputChannels
+                        + deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels) );
+        if( !asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error_unload;
+        }
+
+        int a;
+
+        for( a=0; a < deviceInfo->maxInputChannels; ++a ){
+            asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[a].channel = a;
+            asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[a].isInput = ASIOTrue;
+            ASIOError asioError = ASIOGetChannelInfo( &asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[a] );
+            if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+                goto error_unload;
+            }
+        }
+
+        for( a=0; a < deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels; ++a ){
+            int b = deviceInfo->maxInputChannels + a;
+            asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[b].channel = a;
+            asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[b].isInput = ASIOFalse;
+            ASIOError asioError = ASIOGetChannelInfo( &asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[b] );
+            if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+                goto error_unload;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* unload the driver */
+        UnloadAsioDriver();
+    }
+
+    return result;
+
+error_unload:
+    UnloadAsioDriver();
+
+    if( asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos ){
+        PaUtil_GroupFreeMemory( asioHostApi->allocations, asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos );
+        asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos = 0;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/* we look up IsDebuggerPresent at runtime incase it isn't present (on Win95 for example) */
+typedef BOOL (WINAPI *IsDebuggerPresentPtr)(VOID);
+IsDebuggerPresentPtr IsDebuggerPresent_ = 0;
+//FARPROC IsDebuggerPresent_ = 0; // this is the current way to do it apparently according to davidv
+
+PaError PaAsio_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex hostApiIndex )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    int i, driverCount;
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi;
+    PaAsioDeviceInfo *deviceInfoArray;
+    char **names;
+    asioHostApi = (PaAsioHostApiRepresentation*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaAsioHostApiRepresentation) );
+    if( !asioHostApi )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    memset( asioHostApi, 0, sizeof(PaAsioHostApiRepresentation) ); /* ensure all fields are zeroed. especially asioHostApi->allocations */
+
+    /*
+        We initialize COM ourselves here and uninitialize it in Terminate().
+        This should be the only COM initialization needed in this module.
+
+        The ASIO SDK may also initialize COM but since we want to reduce dependency
+        on the ASIO SDK we manage COM initialization ourselves.
+
+        There used to be code that initialized COM in other situations
+        such as when creating a Stream. This made PA work when calling Pa_CreateStream
+        from a non-main thread. However we currently consider initialization
+        of COM in non-main threads to be the caller's responsibility.
+    */
+    result = PaWinUtil_CoInitialize( paASIO, &asioHostApi->comInitializationResult );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+    {
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    asioHostApi->asioDrivers = 0; /* avoid surprises in our error handler below */
+
+    asioHostApi->allocations = PaUtil_CreateAllocationGroup();
+    if( !asioHostApi->allocations )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* Allocate the AsioDrivers() driver list (class from ASIO SDK) */
+    try
+    {
+        asioHostApi->asioDrivers = new AsioDrivers(); /* invokes CoInitialize(0) in AsioDriverList::AsioDriverList */
+    }
+    catch (std::bad_alloc)
+    {
+        asioHostApi->asioDrivers = 0;
+    }
+    /* some implementations of new (ie MSVC, see http://support.microsoft.com/?kbid=167733)
+       don't throw std::bad_alloc, so we also explicitly test for a null return. */
+    if( asioHostApi->asioDrivers == 0 )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    asioDrivers = asioHostApi->asioDrivers; /* keep SDK global in sync until we stop depending on it */
+
+    asioHostApi->systemSpecific = 0;
+    asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex = paNoDevice;
+
+    *hostApi = &asioHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep;
+    (*hostApi)->info.structVersion = 1;
+
+    (*hostApi)->info.type = paASIO;
+    (*hostApi)->info.name = "ASIO";
+    (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount = 0;
+
+    #ifdef WINDOWS
+        /* use desktop window as system specific ptr */
+        asioHostApi->systemSpecific = GetDesktopWindow();
+    #endif
+
+    /* driverCount is the number of installed drivers - not necessarily
+        the number of installed physical devices. */
+    #if MAC
+        driverCount = asioHostApi->asioDrivers->getNumFragments();
+    #elif WINDOWS
+        driverCount = asioHostApi->asioDrivers->asioGetNumDev();
+    #endif
+
+    if( driverCount > 0 )
+    {
+        names = GetAsioDriverNames( asioHostApi, asioHostApi->allocations, driverCount );
+        if( !names )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+
+        /* allocate enough space for all drivers, even if some aren't installed */
+
+        (*hostApi)->deviceInfos = (PaDeviceInfo**)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                asioHostApi->allocations, sizeof(PaDeviceInfo*) * driverCount );
+        if( !(*hostApi)->deviceInfos )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* allocate all device info structs in a contiguous block */
+        deviceInfoArray = (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                asioHostApi->allocations, sizeof(PaAsioDeviceInfo) * driverCount );
+        if( !deviceInfoArray )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        IsDebuggerPresent_ = (IsDebuggerPresentPtr)GetProcAddress( LoadLibraryA( "Kernel32.dll" ), "IsDebuggerPresent" );
+
+        for( i=0; i < driverCount; ++i )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("ASIO names[%d]:%s\n",i,names[i]));
+
+            // Since portaudio opens ALL ASIO drivers, and no one else does that,
+            // we face fact that some drivers were not meant for it, drivers which act
+            // like shells on top of REAL drivers, for instance.
+            // so we get duplicate handles, locks and other problems.
+            // so lets NOT try to load any such wrappers.
+            // The ones i [davidv] know of so far are:
+
+            if (   strcmp (names[i],"ASIO DirectX Full Duplex Driver") == 0
+                || strcmp (names[i],"ASIO Multimedia Driver")          == 0
+                || strncmp(names[i],"Premiere",8)                      == 0   //"Premiere Elements Windows Sound 1.0"
+                || strncmp(names[i],"Adobe",5)                         == 0   //"Adobe Default Windows Sound 1.5"
+               )
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("BLACKLISTED!!!\n"));
+                continue;
+            }
+
+
+            if( IsDebuggerPresent_ && IsDebuggerPresent_() )
+            {
+                /* ASIO Digidesign Driver uses PACE copy protection which quits out
+                   if a debugger is running. So we don't load it if a debugger is running. */
+                if( strcmp(names[i], "ASIO Digidesign Driver") == 0 )
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("BLACKLISTED!!! ASIO Digidesign Driver would quit the debugger\n"));
+                    continue;
+                }
+            }
+
+
+            /* Attempt to init device info from the asio driver... */
+            {
+                PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo = &deviceInfoArray[ (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount ];
+                PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo = &asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo;
+
+                deviceInfo->structVersion = 2;
+                deviceInfo->hostApi = hostApiIndex;
+
+                deviceInfo->name = names[i];
+
+                if( InitPaDeviceInfoFromAsioDriver( asioHostApi, names[i], i, deviceInfo, asioDeviceInfo ) == paNoError )
+                {
+                    (*hostApi)->deviceInfos[ (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount ] = deviceInfo;
+                    ++(*hostApi)->info.deviceCount;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("Skipping ASIO device:%s\n",names[i]));
+                    continue;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount > 0 )
+    {
+        (*hostApi)->info.defaultInputDevice = 0;
+        (*hostApi)->info.defaultOutputDevice = 0;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        (*hostApi)->info.defaultInputDevice = paNoDevice;
+        (*hostApi)->info.defaultOutputDevice = paNoDevice;
+    }
+
+
+    (*hostApi)->Terminate = Terminate;
+    (*hostApi)->OpenStream = OpenStream;
+    (*hostApi)->IsFormatSupported = IsFormatSupported;
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( &asioHostApi->callbackStreamInterface, CloseStream, StartStream,
+                                      StopStream, AbortStream, IsStreamStopped, IsStreamActive,
+                                      GetStreamTime, GetStreamCpuLoad,
+                                      PaUtil_DummyRead, PaUtil_DummyWrite,
+                                      PaUtil_DummyGetReadAvailable, PaUtil_DummyGetWriteAvailable );
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( &asioHostApi->blockingStreamInterface, CloseStream, StartStream,
+                                      StopStream, AbortStream, IsStreamStopped, IsStreamActive,
+                                      GetStreamTime, PaUtil_DummyGetCpuLoad,
+                                      ReadStream, WriteStream, GetStreamReadAvailable, GetStreamWriteAvailable );
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    if( asioHostApi )
+    {
+        if( asioHostApi->allocations )
+        {
+            PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations( asioHostApi->allocations );
+            PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup( asioHostApi->allocations );
+        }
+
+        delete asioHostApi->asioDrivers;
+        asioDrivers = 0; /* keep SDK global in sync until we stop depending on it */
+
+        PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize( paASIO, &asioHostApi->comInitializationResult );
+
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( asioHostApi );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static void Terminate( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi )
+{
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi = (PaAsioHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+
+    /*
+        IMPLEMENT ME:
+            - clean up any resources not handled by the allocation group (need to review if there are any)
+    */
+
+    if( asioHostApi->allocations )
+    {
+        PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations( asioHostApi->allocations );
+        PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup( asioHostApi->allocations );
+    }
+
+    delete asioHostApi->asioDrivers;
+    asioDrivers = 0; /* keep SDK global in sync until we stop depending on it */
+
+    PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize( paASIO, &asioHostApi->comInitializationResult );
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( asioHostApi );
+}
+
+
+static PaError IsFormatSupported( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                  double sampleRate )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi = (PaAsioHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    PaAsioDriverInfo *driverInfo = &asioHostApi->openAsioDriverInfo;
+    int inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount;
+    PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat, outputSampleFormat;
+    PaDeviceIndex asioDeviceIndex;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+
+    if( inputParameters && outputParameters )
+    {
+        /* full duplex ASIO stream must use the same device for input and output */
+
+        if( inputParameters->device != outputParameters->device )
+            return paBadIODeviceCombination;
+    }
+
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = inputParameters->channelCount;
+        inputSampleFormat = inputParameters->sampleFormat;
+
+        /* all standard sample formats are supported by the buffer adapter,
+            this implementation doesn't support any custom sample formats */
+        if( inputSampleFormat & paCustomFormat )
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+
+        if( inputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        asioDeviceIndex = inputParameters->device;
+
+        /* validate inputStreamInfo */
+        /** @todo do more validation here */
+        // if( inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo )
+        //    return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo; /* this implementation doesn't use custom stream info */
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = outputParameters->channelCount;
+        outputSampleFormat = outputParameters->sampleFormat;
+
+        /* all standard sample formats are supported by the buffer adapter,
+            this implementation doesn't support any custom sample formats */
+        if( outputSampleFormat & paCustomFormat )
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+
+        if( outputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        asioDeviceIndex = outputParameters->device;
+
+        /* validate outputStreamInfo */
+        /** @todo do more validation here */
+        // if( outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo )
+        //    return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo; /* this implementation doesn't use custom stream info */
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = 0;
+    }
+
+
+
+    /* if an ASIO device is open we can only get format information for the currently open device */
+
+    if( asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex != paNoDevice
+            && asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex != asioDeviceIndex )
+    {
+        return paDeviceUnavailable;
+    }
+
+
+    /* NOTE: we load the driver and use its current settings
+        rather than the ones in our device info structure which may be stale */
+
+    /* open the device if it's not already open */
+    if( asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex == paNoDevice )
+    {
+        result = LoadAsioDriver( asioHostApi, asioHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep.deviceInfos[ asioDeviceIndex ]->name,
+                driverInfo, asioHostApi->systemSpecific );
+        if( result != paNoError )
+            return result;
+    }
+
+    /* check that input device can support inputChannelCount */
+    if( inputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        if( inputChannelCount > driverInfo->inputChannelCount )
+        {
+            result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+            goto done;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* check that output device can support outputChannelCount */
+    if( outputChannelCount )
+    {
+        if( outputChannelCount > driverInfo->outputChannelCount )
+        {
+            result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+            goto done;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* query for sample rate support */
+    asioError = ASIOCanSampleRate( sampleRate );
+    if( asioError == ASE_NoClock || asioError == ASE_NotPresent )
+    {
+        result = paInvalidSampleRate;
+        goto done;
+    }
+
+done:
+    /* close the device if it wasn't already open */
+    if( asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex == paNoDevice )
+    {
+        UnloadAsioDriver(); /* not sure if we should check for errors here */
+    }
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+        return paFormatIsSupported;
+    else
+        return result;
+}
+
+
+
+/** A data structure specifically for storing blocking i/o related data. */
+typedef struct PaAsioStreamBlockingState
+{
+    int stopFlag; /**< Flag indicating that block processing is to be stopped. */
+
+    unsigned long writeBuffersRequested; /**< The number of available output buffers, requested by the #WriteStream() function. */
+    unsigned long readFramesRequested;   /**< The number of available input frames, requested by the #ReadStream() function. */
+
+    int writeBuffersRequestedFlag; /**< Flag to indicate that #WriteStream() has requested more output buffers to be available. */
+    int readFramesRequestedFlag;   /**< Flag to indicate that #ReadStream() requires more input frames to be available. */
+
+    HANDLE writeBuffersReadyEvent; /**< Event to signal that requested output buffers are available. */
+    HANDLE readFramesReadyEvent;   /**< Event to signal that requested input frames are available. */
+
+    void *writeRingBufferData; /**< The actual ring buffer memory, used by the output ring buffer. */
+    void *readRingBufferData;  /**< The actual ring buffer memory, used by the input ring buffer. */
+
+    PaUtilRingBuffer writeRingBuffer; /**< Frame-aligned blocking i/o ring buffer to store output data (interleaved user format). */
+    PaUtilRingBuffer readRingBuffer;  /**< Frame-aligned blocking i/o ring buffer to store input data (interleaved user format). */
+
+    long writeRingBufferInitialFrames; /**< The initial number of silent frames within the output ring buffer. */
+
+    const void **writeStreamBuffer; /**< Temp buffer, used by #WriteStream() for handling non-interleaved data. */
+    void **readStreamBuffer; /**< Temp buffer, used by #ReadStream() for handling non-interleaved data. */
+
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor bufferProcessor; /**< Buffer processor, used to handle the blocking i/o ring buffers. */
+
+    int outputUnderflowFlag; /**< Flag to signal an output underflow from within the callback function. */
+    int inputOverflowFlag; /**< Flag to signal an input overflow from within the callback function. */
+}
+PaAsioStreamBlockingState;
+
+
+
+/* PaAsioStream - a stream data structure specifically for this implementation */
+
+typedef struct PaAsioStream
+{
+    PaUtilStreamRepresentation streamRepresentation;
+    PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer cpuLoadMeasurer;
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor bufferProcessor;
+
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi;
+    unsigned long framesPerHostCallback;
+
+    /* ASIO driver info  - these may not be needed for the life of the stream,
+        but store them here until we work out how format conversion is going
+        to work. */
+
+    ASIOBufferInfo *asioBufferInfos;
+    ASIOChannelInfo *asioChannelInfos;
+    long asioInputLatencyFrames, asioOutputLatencyFrames; // actual latencies returned by asio
+
+    long inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount;
+    bool postOutput;
+
+    void **bufferPtrs; /* this is carved up for inputBufferPtrs and outputBufferPtrs */
+    void **inputBufferPtrs[2];
+    void **outputBufferPtrs[2];
+
+    PaAsioBufferConverter *inputBufferConverter;
+    long inputShift;
+    PaAsioBufferConverter *outputBufferConverter;
+    long outputShift;
+
+    volatile bool stopProcessing;
+    int stopPlayoutCount;
+    HANDLE completedBuffersPlayedEvent;
+
+    bool streamFinishedCallbackCalled;
+    int isStopped;
+    volatile int isActive;
+    volatile bool zeroOutput; /* all future calls to the callback will output silence */
+
+    volatile long reenterCount;
+    volatile long reenterError;
+
+    PaStreamCallbackFlags callbackFlags;
+
+    PaAsioStreamBlockingState *blockingState; /**< Blocking i/o data struct, or NULL when using callback interface. */
+}
+PaAsioStream;
+
+static PaAsioStream *theAsioStream = 0; /* due to ASIO sdk limitations there can be only one stream */
+
+
+static void ZeroOutputBuffers( PaAsioStream *stream, long index )
+{
+    int i;
+
+    for( i=0; i < stream->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+    {
+        void *buffer = stream->asioBufferInfos[ i + stream->inputChannelCount ].buffers[index];
+
+        int bytesPerSample = BytesPerAsioSample( stream->asioChannelInfos[ i + stream->inputChannelCount ].type );
+
+        memset( buffer, 0, stream->framesPerHostCallback * bytesPerSample );
+    }
+}
+
+
+/* return the next power of two >= x.
+   Returns the input parameter if it is already a power of two.
+   http://stackoverflow.com/questions/364985/algorithm-for-finding-the-smallest-power-of-two-thats-greater-or-equal-to-a-giv
+*/
+static unsigned long NextPowerOfTwo( unsigned long x )
+{
+    --x;
+    x |= x >> 1;
+    x |= x >> 2;
+    x |= x >> 4;
+    x |= x >> 8;
+    x |= x >> 16;
+    /* If you needed to deal with numbers > 2^32 the following would be needed.
+       For latencies, we don't deal with values this large.
+     x |= x >> 16;
+    */
+
+    return x + 1;
+}
+
+
+static unsigned long SelectHostBufferSizeForUnspecifiedUserFramesPerBuffer(
+        unsigned long targetBufferingLatencyFrames, PaAsioDriverInfo *driverInfo )
+{
+    /* Choose a host buffer size based only on targetBufferingLatencyFrames and the
+       device's supported buffer sizes. Always returns a valid value.
+    */
+
+    unsigned long result;
+
+    if( targetBufferingLatencyFrames <= (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMinSize )
+    {
+        result = driverInfo->bufferMinSize;
+    }
+    else if( targetBufferingLatencyFrames >= (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMaxSize )
+    {
+        result = driverInfo->bufferMaxSize;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if( driverInfo->bufferGranularity == 0 ) /* single fixed host buffer size */
+        {
+            /* The documentation states that bufferGranularity should be zero
+               when bufferMinSize, bufferMaxSize and bufferPreferredSize are the
+               same. We assume that is the case.
+            */
+
+            result = driverInfo->bufferPreferredSize;
+        }
+        else if( driverInfo->bufferGranularity == -1 ) /* power-of-two */
+        {
+            /* We assume bufferMinSize and bufferMaxSize are powers of two. */
+
+            result = NextPowerOfTwo( targetBufferingLatencyFrames );
+
+            if( result < (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMinSize )
+                result = driverInfo->bufferMinSize;
+
+            if( result > (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMaxSize )
+                result = driverInfo->bufferMaxSize;
+        }
+        else /* modulo bufferGranularity */
+        {
+            /* round up to the next multiple of granularity */
+            unsigned long n = (targetBufferingLatencyFrames + driverInfo->bufferGranularity - 1)
+                    / driverInfo->bufferGranularity;
+
+            result = n * driverInfo->bufferGranularity;
+
+            if( result < (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMinSize )
+                result = driverInfo->bufferMinSize;
+
+            if( result > (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMaxSize )
+                result = driverInfo->bufferMaxSize;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static unsigned long SelectHostBufferSizeForSpecifiedUserFramesPerBuffer(
+        unsigned long targetBufferingLatencyFrames, unsigned long userFramesPerBuffer,
+        PaAsioDriverInfo *driverInfo )
+{
+    /* Select a host buffer size conforming to targetBufferingLatencyFrames
+       and the device's supported buffer sizes.
+       The return value will always be a multiple of userFramesPerBuffer.
+       If a valid buffer size can not be found the function returns 0.
+
+       The current implementation uses a simple iterative search for clarity.
+       Feel free to suggest a closed form solution.
+    */
+    unsigned long result = 0;
+
+    assert( userFramesPerBuffer != 0 );
+
+    if( driverInfo->bufferGranularity == 0 ) /* single fixed host buffer size */
+    {
+        /* The documentation states that bufferGranularity should be zero
+           when bufferMinSize, bufferMaxSize and bufferPreferredSize are the
+           same. We assume that is the case.
+        */
+
+        if( (driverInfo->bufferPreferredSize % userFramesPerBuffer) == 0 )
+            result = driverInfo->bufferPreferredSize;
+    }
+    else if( driverInfo->bufferGranularity == -1 ) /* power-of-two */
+    {
+        /* We assume bufferMinSize and bufferMaxSize are powers of two. */
+
+        /* Search all powers of two in the range [bufferMinSize,bufferMaxSize]
+           for multiples of userFramesPerBuffer. We prefer the first multiple
+           that is equal or greater than targetBufferingLatencyFrames, or
+           failing that, the largest multiple less than
+           targetBufferingLatencyFrames.
+        */
+        unsigned long x = (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMinSize;
+        do {
+            if( (x % userFramesPerBuffer) == 0 )
+            {
+                /* any multiple of userFramesPerBuffer is acceptable */
+                result = x;
+                if( result >= targetBufferingLatencyFrames )
+                    break; /* stop. a value >= to targetBufferingLatencyFrames is ideal. */
+            }
+
+            x *= 2;
+        } while( x <= (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMaxSize );
+    }
+    else /* modulo granularity */
+    {
+        /* We assume bufferMinSize is a multiple of bufferGranularity. */
+
+        /* Search all multiples of bufferGranularity in the range
+           [bufferMinSize,bufferMaxSize] for multiples of userFramesPerBuffer.
+           We prefer the first multiple that is equal or greater than
+           targetBufferingLatencyFrames, or failing that, the largest multiple
+           less than targetBufferingLatencyFrames.
+        */
+        unsigned long x = (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMinSize;
+        do {
+            if( (x % userFramesPerBuffer) == 0 )
+            {
+                /* any multiple of userFramesPerBuffer is acceptable */
+                result = x;
+                if( result >= targetBufferingLatencyFrames )
+                    break; /* stop. a value >= to targetBufferingLatencyFrames is ideal. */
+            }
+
+            x += driverInfo->bufferGranularity;
+        } while( x <= (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMaxSize );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static unsigned long SelectHostBufferSize(
+        unsigned long targetBufferingLatencyFrames,
+        unsigned long userFramesPerBuffer, PaAsioDriverInfo *driverInfo )
+{
+    unsigned long result = 0;
+
+    /* We select a host buffer size based on the following requirements
+       (in priority order):
+
+        1. The host buffer size must be permissible according to the ASIO
+           driverInfo buffer size constraints (min, max, granularity or
+           powers-of-two).
+
+        2. If the user specifies a non-zero framesPerBuffer parameter
+           (userFramesPerBuffer here) the host buffer should be a multiple of
+           this (subject to the constraints in (1) above).
+
+           [NOTE: Where no permissible host buffer size is a multiple of
+           userFramesPerBuffer, we choose a value as if userFramesPerBuffer were
+           zero (i.e. we ignore it). This strategy is open for review ~ perhaps
+           there are still "more optimal" buffer sizes related to
+           userFramesPerBuffer that we could use.]
+
+        3. The host buffer size should be greater than or equal to
+           targetBufferingLatencyFrames, subject to (1) and (2) above. Where it
+           is not possible to select a host buffer size equal or greater than
+           targetBufferingLatencyFrames, the highest buffer size conforming to
+           (1) and (2) should be chosen.
+    */
+
+    if( userFramesPerBuffer != 0 )
+    {
+        /* userFramesPerBuffer is specified, try to find a buffer size that's
+           a multiple of it */
+        result = SelectHostBufferSizeForSpecifiedUserFramesPerBuffer(
+                targetBufferingLatencyFrames, userFramesPerBuffer, driverInfo );
+    }
+
+    if( result == 0 )
+    {
+        /* either userFramesPerBuffer was not specified, or we couldn't find a
+           host buffer size that is a multiple of it. Select a host buffer size
+           according to targetBufferingLatencyFrames and the ASIO driverInfo
+           buffer size constraints.
+         */
+        result = SelectHostBufferSizeForUnspecifiedUserFramesPerBuffer(
+                targetBufferingLatencyFrames, driverInfo );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/* returns channelSelectors if present */
+
+static PaError ValidateAsioSpecificStreamInfo(
+        const PaStreamParameters *streamParameters,
+        const PaAsioStreamInfo *streamInfo,
+        int deviceChannelCount,
+        int **channelSelectors )
+{
+    if( streamInfo )
+    {
+        if( streamInfo->size != sizeof( PaAsioStreamInfo )
+                || streamInfo->version != 1 )
+        {
+            return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        }
+
+        if( streamInfo->flags & paAsioUseChannelSelectors )
+            *channelSelectors = streamInfo->channelSelectors;
+
+        if( !(*channelSelectors) )
+            return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+
+        for( int i=0; i < streamParameters->channelCount; ++i ){
+            if( (*channelSelectors)[i] < 0
+                    || (*channelSelectors)[i] >= deviceChannelCount ){
+                return paInvalidChannelCount;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+
+static bool IsUsingExternalClockSource()
+{
+    bool result = false;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+    ASIOClockSource clocks[32];
+    long numSources=32;
+
+    /* davidv: listing ASIO Clock sources. there is an ongoing investigation by
+       me about whether or not to call ASIOSetSampleRate if an external Clock is
+       used. A few drivers expected different things here */
+
+    asioError = ASIOGetClockSources(clocks, &numSources);
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK ){
+        PA_DEBUG(("ERROR: ASIOGetClockSources: %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+    }else{
+        PA_DEBUG(("INFO ASIOGetClockSources listing %d clocks\n", numSources ));
+        for (int i=0;i<numSources;++i){
+            PA_DEBUG(("ASIOClockSource%d %s current:%d\n", i, clocks[i].name, clocks[i].isCurrentSource ));
+
+            if (clocks[i].isCurrentSource)
+                result = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError ValidateAndSetSampleRate( double sampleRate )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+
+    // check that the device supports the requested sample rate
+
+    asioError = ASIOCanSampleRate( sampleRate );
+    PA_DEBUG(("ASIOCanSampleRate(%f):%d\n", sampleRate, asioError ));
+
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paInvalidSampleRate;
+        PA_DEBUG(("ERROR: ASIOCanSampleRate: %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    // retrieve the current sample rate, we only change to the requested
+    // sample rate if the device is not already in that rate.
+
+    ASIOSampleRate oldRate;
+    asioError = ASIOGetSampleRate(&oldRate);
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paInvalidSampleRate;
+        PA_DEBUG(("ERROR: ASIOGetSampleRate: %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+        goto error;
+    }
+    PA_DEBUG(("ASIOGetSampleRate:%f\n",oldRate));
+
+    if (oldRate != sampleRate){
+        /* Set sample rate */
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("before ASIOSetSampleRate(%f)\n",sampleRate));
+
+        /*
+            If you have problems with some drivers when externally clocked,
+            try switching on the following line and commenting out the one after it.
+            See IsUsingExternalClockSource() for more info.
+        */
+        //if( IsUsingExternalClockSource() ){
+        if( false ){
+            asioError = ASIOSetSampleRate( 0 );
+        }else{
+            asioError = ASIOSetSampleRate( sampleRate );
+        }
+        if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+        {
+            result = paInvalidSampleRate;
+            PA_DEBUG(("ERROR: ASIOSetSampleRate: %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+            goto error;
+        }
+        PA_DEBUG(("after ASIOSetSampleRate(%f)\n",sampleRate));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("No Need to change SR\n"));
+    }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/* see pa_hostapi.h for a list of validity guarantees made about OpenStream  parameters */
+
+static PaError OpenStream( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                           PaStream** s,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                           double sampleRate,
+                           unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                           PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                           PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                           void *userData )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi = (PaAsioHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    PaAsioStream *stream = 0;
+    PaAsioStreamInfo *inputStreamInfo, *outputStreamInfo;
+    unsigned long framesPerHostBuffer;
+    int inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount;
+    PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat, outputSampleFormat;
+    PaSampleFormat hostInputSampleFormat, hostOutputSampleFormat;
+    unsigned long suggestedInputLatencyFrames;
+    unsigned long suggestedOutputLatencyFrames;
+    PaDeviceIndex asioDeviceIndex;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+    int asioIsInitialized = 0;
+    int asioBuffersCreated = 0;
+    int completedBuffersPlayedEventInited = 0;
+    int i;
+    PaAsioDriverInfo *driverInfo;
+    int *inputChannelSelectors = 0;
+    int *outputChannelSelectors = 0;
+
+    /* Are we using blocking i/o interface? */
+    int usingBlockingIo = ( !streamCallback ) ? TRUE : FALSE;
+    /* Blocking i/o stuff */
+    long lBlockingBufferSize     = 0; /* Desired ring buffer size in samples. */
+    long lBlockingBufferSizePow2 = 0; /* Power-of-2 rounded ring buffer size. */
+    long lBytesPerFrame          = 0; /* Number of bytes per input/output frame. */
+    int blockingWriteBuffersReadyEventInitialized = 0; /* Event init flag. */
+    int blockingReadFramesReadyEventInitialized   = 0; /* Event init flag. */
+
+    int callbackBufferProcessorInited = FALSE;
+    int blockingBufferProcessorInited = FALSE;
+
+    /* unless we move to using lower level ASIO calls, we can only have
+        one device open at a time */
+    if( asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex != paNoDevice )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream paDeviceUnavailable\n"));
+        return paDeviceUnavailable;
+    }
+
+    assert( theAsioStream == 0 );
+
+    if( inputParameters && outputParameters )
+    {
+        /* full duplex ASIO stream must use the same device for input and output */
+
+        if( inputParameters->device != outputParameters->device )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream paBadIODeviceCombination\n"));
+            return paBadIODeviceCombination;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = inputParameters->channelCount;
+        inputSampleFormat = inputParameters->sampleFormat;
+        suggestedInputLatencyFrames = (unsigned long)((inputParameters->suggestedLatency * sampleRate)+0.5f);
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+        if( inputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        asioDeviceIndex = inputParameters->device;
+
+        PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo = (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[asioDeviceIndex];
+
+        /* validate hostApiSpecificStreamInfo */
+        inputStreamInfo = (PaAsioStreamInfo*)inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        result = ValidateAsioSpecificStreamInfo( inputParameters, inputStreamInfo,
+            asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo.maxInputChannels,
+            &inputChannelSelectors
+        );
+        if( result != paNoError ) return result;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = 0;
+        inputSampleFormat = 0;
+        suggestedInputLatencyFrames = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = outputParameters->channelCount;
+        outputSampleFormat = outputParameters->sampleFormat;
+        suggestedOutputLatencyFrames = (unsigned long)((outputParameters->suggestedLatency * sampleRate)+0.5f);
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+        if( outputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        asioDeviceIndex = outputParameters->device;
+
+        PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo = (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[asioDeviceIndex];
+
+        /* validate hostApiSpecificStreamInfo */
+        outputStreamInfo = (PaAsioStreamInfo*)outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        result = ValidateAsioSpecificStreamInfo( outputParameters, outputStreamInfo,
+            asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo.maxOutputChannels,
+            &outputChannelSelectors
+        );
+        if( result != paNoError ) return result;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = 0;
+        outputSampleFormat = 0;
+        suggestedOutputLatencyFrames = 0;
+    }
+
+    driverInfo = &asioHostApi->openAsioDriverInfo;
+
+    /* NOTE: we load the driver and use its current settings
+        rather than the ones in our device info structure which may be stale */
+
+    result = LoadAsioDriver( asioHostApi, asioHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep.deviceInfos[ asioDeviceIndex ]->name,
+            driverInfo, asioHostApi->systemSpecific );
+    if( result == paNoError )
+        asioIsInitialized = 1;
+    else{
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR1 - LoadAsioDriver returned %d\n", result));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* check that input device can support inputChannelCount */
+    if( inputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        if( inputChannelCount > driverInfo->inputChannelCount )
+        {
+            result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+            PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR2\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* check that output device can support outputChannelCount */
+    if( outputChannelCount )
+    {
+        if( outputChannelCount > driverInfo->outputChannelCount )
+        {
+            result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+            PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR3\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    result = ValidateAndSetSampleRate( sampleRate );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    /*
+        IMPLEMENT ME:
+            - if a full duplex stream is requested, check that the combination
+                of input and output parameters is supported
+    */
+
+    /* validate platform specific flags */
+    if( (streamFlags & paPlatformSpecificFlags) != 0 ){
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream invalid flags!!\n"));
+        return paInvalidFlag; /* unexpected platform specific flag */
+    }
+
+
+    stream = (PaAsioStream*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaAsioStream) );
+    if( !stream )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR5\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+    stream->blockingState = NULL; /* Blocking i/o not initialized, yet. */
+
+
+    stream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent = CreateEvent( NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL );
+    if( stream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent == NULL )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR6\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+    completedBuffersPlayedEventInited = 1;
+
+
+    stream->asioBufferInfos = 0; /* for deallocation in error */
+    stream->asioChannelInfos = 0; /* for deallocation in error */
+    stream->bufferPtrs = 0; /* for deallocation in error */
+
+    /* Using blocking i/o interface... */
+    if( usingBlockingIo )
+    {
+        /* Blocking i/o is implemented by running callback mode, using a special blocking i/o callback. */
+        streamCallback = BlockingIoPaCallback; /* Setup PA to use the ASIO blocking i/o callback. */
+        userData       = &theAsioStream;       /* The callback user data will be the PA ASIO stream. */
+        PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation,
+                                               &asioHostApi->blockingStreamInterface, streamCallback, userData );
+    }
+    else /* Using callback interface... */
+    {
+        PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation,
+                                               &asioHostApi->callbackStreamInterface, streamCallback, userData );
+    }
+
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeCpuLoadMeasurer( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer, sampleRate );
+
+
+    stream->asioBufferInfos = (ASIOBufferInfo*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory(
+            sizeof(ASIOBufferInfo) * (inputChannelCount + outputChannelCount) );
+    if( !stream->asioBufferInfos )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR7\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+
+    for( i=0; i < inputChannelCount; ++i )
+    {
+        ASIOBufferInfo *info = &stream->asioBufferInfos[i];
+
+        info->isInput = ASIOTrue;
+
+        if( inputChannelSelectors ){
+            // inputChannelSelectors values have already been validated in
+            // ValidateAsioSpecificStreamInfo() above
+            info->channelNum = inputChannelSelectors[i];
+        }else{
+            info->channelNum = i;
+        }
+
+        info->buffers[0] = info->buffers[1] = 0;
+    }
+
+    for( i=0; i < outputChannelCount; ++i ){
+        ASIOBufferInfo *info = &stream->asioBufferInfos[inputChannelCount+i];
+
+        info->isInput = ASIOFalse;
+
+        if( outputChannelSelectors ){
+            // outputChannelSelectors values have already been validated in
+            // ValidateAsioSpecificStreamInfo() above
+            info->channelNum = outputChannelSelectors[i];
+        }else{
+            info->channelNum = i;
+        }
+
+        info->buffers[0] = info->buffers[1] = 0;
+    }
+
+
+    /* Using blocking i/o interface... */
+    if( usingBlockingIo )
+    {
+/** @todo REVIEW selection of host buffer size for blocking i/o */
+
+        framesPerHostBuffer = SelectHostBufferSize( 0, framesPerBuffer, driverInfo );
+
+    }
+    else /* Using callback interface... */
+    {
+        /* Select the host buffer size based on user framesPerBuffer and the
+           maximum of suggestedInputLatencyFrames and
+           suggestedOutputLatencyFrames.
+
+           We should subtract any fixed known driver latency from
+           suggestedLatencyFrames before computing the host buffer size.
+           However, the ASIO API doesn't provide a method for determining fixed
+           latencies independent of the host buffer size. ASIOGetLatencies()
+           only returns latencies after the buffer size has been configured, so
+           we can't reliably use it to determine fixed latencies here.
+
+           We could set the preferred buffer size and then subtract it from
+           the values returned from ASIOGetLatencies, but this would not be 100%
+           reliable, so we don't do it.
+        */
+
+        unsigned long targetBufferingLatencyFrames =
+                (( suggestedInputLatencyFrames > suggestedOutputLatencyFrames )
+                ? suggestedInputLatencyFrames
+                : suggestedOutputLatencyFrames);
+
+        framesPerHostBuffer = SelectHostBufferSize( targetBufferingLatencyFrames,
+                framesPerBuffer, driverInfo );
+    }
+
+
+    PA_DEBUG(("PaAsioOpenStream: framesPerHostBuffer :%d\n",  framesPerHostBuffer));
+
+    asioError = ASIOCreateBuffers( stream->asioBufferInfos,
+            inputChannelCount+outputChannelCount,
+            framesPerHostBuffer, &asioCallbacks_ );
+
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK
+            && framesPerHostBuffer != (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferPreferredSize )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("ERROR: ASIOCreateBuffers: %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+        /*
+            Some buggy drivers (like the Hoontech DSP24) give incorrect
+            [min, preferred, max] values They should work with the preferred size
+            value, thus if Pa_ASIO_CreateBuffers fails with the hostBufferSize
+            computed in SelectHostBufferSize, we try again with the preferred size.
+        */
+
+        framesPerHostBuffer = driverInfo->bufferPreferredSize;
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsioOpenStream: CORRECTED framesPerHostBuffer :%d\n",  framesPerHostBuffer));
+
+        ASIOError asioError2 = ASIOCreateBuffers( stream->asioBufferInfos,
+                inputChannelCount+outputChannelCount,
+                 framesPerHostBuffer, &asioCallbacks_ );
+        if( asioError2 == ASE_OK )
+            asioError = ASE_OK;
+    }
+
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR9\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    asioBuffersCreated = 1;
+
+    stream->asioChannelInfos = (ASIOChannelInfo*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory(
+            sizeof(ASIOChannelInfo) * (inputChannelCount + outputChannelCount) );
+    if( !stream->asioChannelInfos )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR10\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    for( i=0; i < inputChannelCount + outputChannelCount; ++i )
+    {
+        stream->asioChannelInfos[i].channel = stream->asioBufferInfos[i].channelNum;
+        stream->asioChannelInfos[i].isInput = stream->asioBufferInfos[i].isInput;
+        asioError = ASIOGetChannelInfo( &stream->asioChannelInfos[i] );
+        if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+        {
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+            PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR11\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    stream->bufferPtrs = (void**)PaUtil_AllocateMemory(
+            2 * sizeof(void*) * (inputChannelCount + outputChannelCount) );
+    if( !stream->bufferPtrs )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR12\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    if( inputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        stream->inputBufferPtrs[0] = stream-> bufferPtrs;
+        stream->inputBufferPtrs[1] = &stream->bufferPtrs[inputChannelCount];
+
+        for( i=0; i<inputChannelCount; ++i )
+        {
+            stream->inputBufferPtrs[0][i] = stream->asioBufferInfos[i].buffers[0];
+            stream->inputBufferPtrs[1][i] = stream->asioBufferInfos[i].buffers[1];
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        stream->inputBufferPtrs[0] = 0;
+        stream->inputBufferPtrs[1] = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( outputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        stream->outputBufferPtrs[0] = &stream->bufferPtrs[inputChannelCount*2];
+        stream->outputBufferPtrs[1] = &stream->bufferPtrs[inputChannelCount*2 + outputChannelCount];
+
+        for( i=0; i<outputChannelCount; ++i )
+        {
+            stream->outputBufferPtrs[0][i] = stream->asioBufferInfos[inputChannelCount+i].buffers[0];
+            stream->outputBufferPtrs[1][i] = stream->asioBufferInfos[inputChannelCount+i].buffers[1];
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        stream->outputBufferPtrs[0] = 0;
+        stream->outputBufferPtrs[1] = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( inputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        /* FIXME: assume all channels use the same type for now
+
+            see: "ASIO devices with multiple sample formats are unsupported"
+            http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/106
+        */
+        ASIOSampleType inputType = stream->asioChannelInfos[0].type;
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("ASIO Input  type:%d",inputType));
+        AsioSampleTypeLOG(inputType);
+        hostInputSampleFormat = AsioSampleTypeToPaNativeSampleFormat( inputType );
+
+        SelectAsioToPaConverter( inputType, &stream->inputBufferConverter, &stream->inputShift );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        hostInputSampleFormat = 0;
+        stream->inputBufferConverter = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( outputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        /* FIXME: assume all channels use the same type for now
+
+            see: "ASIO devices with multiple sample formats are unsupported"
+            http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/106
+        */
+        ASIOSampleType outputType = stream->asioChannelInfos[inputChannelCount].type;
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("ASIO Output type:%d",outputType));
+        AsioSampleTypeLOG(outputType);
+        hostOutputSampleFormat = AsioSampleTypeToPaNativeSampleFormat( outputType );
+
+        SelectPaToAsioConverter( outputType, &stream->outputBufferConverter, &stream->outputShift );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        hostOutputSampleFormat = 0;
+        stream->outputBufferConverter = 0;
+    }
+
+    /* Values returned by ASIOGetLatencies() include the latency introduced by
+       the ASIO double buffer. */
+    ASIOGetLatencies( &stream->asioInputLatencyFrames, &stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames );
+
+
+    /* Using blocking i/o interface... */
+    if( usingBlockingIo )
+    {
+        /* Allocate the blocking i/o input ring buffer memory. */
+        stream->blockingState = (PaAsioStreamBlockingState*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaAsioStreamBlockingState) );
+        if( !stream->blockingState )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o interface struct allocation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* Initialize blocking i/o interface struct. */
+        stream->blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent   = NULL; /* Uninitialized, yet. */
+        stream->blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent = NULL; /* Uninitialized, yet. */
+        stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData     = NULL; /* Uninitialized, yet. */
+        stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData    = NULL; /* Uninitialized, yet. */
+        stream->blockingState->readStreamBuffer       = NULL; /* Uninitialized, yet. */
+        stream->blockingState->writeStreamBuffer      = NULL; /* Uninitialized, yet. */
+        stream->blockingState->stopFlag               = TRUE; /* Not started, yet. */
+
+
+        /* If the user buffer is unspecified */
+        if( framesPerBuffer == paFramesPerBufferUnspecified )
+        {
+            /* Make the user buffer the same size as the host buffer. */
+            framesPerBuffer = framesPerHostBuffer;
+        }
+
+
+        /* Initialize callback buffer processor. */
+        result = PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor               ,
+                                                    inputChannelCount                     ,
+                                                    inputSampleFormat & ~paNonInterleaved , /* Ring buffer. */
+                                                    (hostInputSampleFormat | paNonInterleaved), /* Host format. */
+                                                    outputChannelCount                    ,
+                                                    outputSampleFormat & ~paNonInterleaved, /* Ring buffer. */
+                                                    (hostOutputSampleFormat | paNonInterleaved), /* Host format. */
+                                                    sampleRate                            ,
+                                                    streamFlags                           ,
+                                                    framesPerBuffer                       , /* Frames per ring buffer block. */
+                                                    framesPerHostBuffer                   , /* Frames per asio buffer. */
+                                                    paUtilFixedHostBufferSize             ,
+                                                    streamCallback                        ,
+                                                    userData                               );
+        if( result != paNoError ){
+            PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR13\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+        callbackBufferProcessorInited = TRUE;
+
+        /* Initialize the blocking i/o buffer processor. */
+        result = PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor,
+                                                   inputChannelCount                     ,
+                                                   inputSampleFormat                     , /* User format. */
+                                                   inputSampleFormat & ~paNonInterleaved , /* Ring buffer. */
+                                                   outputChannelCount                    ,
+                                                   outputSampleFormat                    , /* User format. */
+                                                   outputSampleFormat & ~paNonInterleaved, /* Ring buffer. */
+                                                   sampleRate                            ,
+                                                   paClipOff | paDitherOff               , /* Don't use dither nor clipping. */
+                                                   framesPerBuffer                       , /* Frames per user buffer. */
+                                                   framesPerBuffer                       , /* Frames per ring buffer block. */
+                                                   paUtilBoundedHostBufferSize           ,
+                                                   NULL, NULL                            );/* No callback! */
+        if( result != paNoError ){
+            PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o buffer processor initialization failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+        blockingBufferProcessorInited = TRUE;
+
+        /* If input is requested. */
+        if( inputChannelCount )
+        {
+            /* Create the callback sync-event. */
+            stream->blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent = CreateEvent( NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL );
+            if( stream->blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent == NULL )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+                PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o \"read frames ready\" event creation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+                goto error;
+            }
+            blockingReadFramesReadyEventInitialized = 1;
+
+
+            /* Create pointer buffer to access non-interleaved data in ReadStream() */
+            stream->blockingState->readStreamBuffer = (void**)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(void*) * inputChannelCount );
+            if( !stream->blockingState->readStreamBuffer )
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o read stream buffer allocation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            /* The ring buffer should store as many data blocks as needed
+               to achieve the requested latency. Whereas it must be large
+               enough to store at least two complete data blocks.
+
+               1) Determine the amount of latency to be added to the
+                  preferred ASIO latency.
+               2) Make sure we have at lest one additional latency frame.
+               3) Divide the number of frames by the desired block size to
+                  get the number (rounded up to pure integer) of blocks to
+                  be stored in the buffer.
+               4) Add one additional block for block processing and convert
+                  to samples frames.
+               5) Get the next larger (or equal) power-of-two buffer size.
+             */
+            lBlockingBufferSize = suggestedInputLatencyFrames - stream->asioInputLatencyFrames;
+            lBlockingBufferSize = (lBlockingBufferSize > 0) ? lBlockingBufferSize : 1;
+            lBlockingBufferSize = (lBlockingBufferSize + framesPerBuffer - 1) / framesPerBuffer;
+            lBlockingBufferSize = (lBlockingBufferSize + 1) * framesPerBuffer;
+
+            /* Get the next larger or equal power-of-two buffersize. */
+            lBlockingBufferSizePow2 = 1;
+            while( lBlockingBufferSize > (lBlockingBufferSizePow2<<=1) );
+            lBlockingBufferSize = lBlockingBufferSizePow2;
+
+            /* Compute total input latency in seconds */
+            stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.inputLatency =
+                (double)( PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor               )
+                        + PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor)
+                        + (lBlockingBufferSize / framesPerBuffer - 1) * framesPerBuffer
+                        + stream->asioInputLatencyFrames )
+                / sampleRate;
+
+            /* The code below prints the ASIO latency which doesn't include
+               the buffer processor latency nor the blocking i/o latency. It
+               reports the added latency separately.
+            */
+            PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio : ASIO InputLatency = %ld (%ld ms),\n         added buffProc:%ld (%ld ms),\n         added blocking:%ld (%ld ms)\n",
+                stream->asioInputLatencyFrames,
+                (long)( stream->asioInputLatencyFrames * (1000.0 / sampleRate) ),
+                PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor),
+                (long)( PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor) * (1000.0 / sampleRate) ),
+                PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor) + (lBlockingBufferSize / framesPerBuffer - 1) * framesPerBuffer,
+                (long)( (PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor) + (lBlockingBufferSize / framesPerBuffer - 1) * framesPerBuffer) * (1000.0 / sampleRate) )
+                ));
+
+            /* Determine the size of ring buffer in bytes. */
+            lBytesPerFrame = inputChannelCount * Pa_GetSampleSize(inputSampleFormat );
+
+            /* Allocate the blocking i/o input ring buffer memory. */
+            stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData = (void*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( lBlockingBufferSize * lBytesPerFrame );
+            if( !stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData )
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o input ring buffer allocation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            /* Initialize the input ring buffer struct. */
+            PaUtil_InitializeRingBuffer( &stream->blockingState->readRingBuffer    ,
+                                          lBytesPerFrame                           ,
+                                          lBlockingBufferSize                      ,
+                                          stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData );
+        }
+
+        /* If output is requested. */
+        if( outputChannelCount )
+        {
+            stream->blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent = CreateEvent( NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL );
+            if( stream->blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent == NULL )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+                PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o \"write buffers ready\" event creation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+                goto error;
+            }
+            blockingWriteBuffersReadyEventInitialized = 1;
+
+            /* Create pointer buffer to access non-interleaved data in WriteStream() */
+            stream->blockingState->writeStreamBuffer = (const void**)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(const void*) * outputChannelCount );
+            if( !stream->blockingState->writeStreamBuffer )
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o write stream buffer allocation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            /* The ring buffer should store as many data blocks as needed
+               to achieve the requested latency. Whereas it must be large
+               enough to store at least two complete data blocks.
+
+               1) Determine the amount of latency to be added to the
+                  preferred ASIO latency.
+               2) Make sure we have at lest one additional latency frame.
+               3) Divide the number of frames by the desired block size to
+                  get the number (rounded up to pure integer) of blocks to
+                  be stored in the buffer.
+               4) Add one additional block for block processing and convert
+                  to samples frames.
+               5) Get the next larger (or equal) power-of-two buffer size.
+             */
+            lBlockingBufferSize = suggestedOutputLatencyFrames - stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames;
+            lBlockingBufferSize = (lBlockingBufferSize > 0) ? lBlockingBufferSize : 1;
+            lBlockingBufferSize = (lBlockingBufferSize + framesPerBuffer - 1) / framesPerBuffer;
+            lBlockingBufferSize = (lBlockingBufferSize + 1) * framesPerBuffer;
+
+            /* The buffer size (without the additional block) corresponds
+               to the initial number of silent samples in the output ring
+               buffer. */
+            stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferInitialFrames = lBlockingBufferSize - framesPerBuffer;
+
+            /* Get the next larger or equal power-of-two buffersize. */
+            lBlockingBufferSizePow2 = 1;
+            while( lBlockingBufferSize > (lBlockingBufferSizePow2<<=1) );
+            lBlockingBufferSize = lBlockingBufferSizePow2;
+
+            /* Compute total output latency in seconds */
+            stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency =
+                (double)( PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor)
+                        + PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor)
+                        + (lBlockingBufferSize / framesPerBuffer - 1) * framesPerBuffer
+                        + stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames )
+                / sampleRate;
+
+            /* The code below prints the ASIO latency which doesn't include
+               the buffer processor latency nor the blocking i/o latency. It
+               reports the added latency separately.
+            */
+            PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio : ASIO OutputLatency = %ld (%ld ms),\n         added buffProc:%ld (%ld ms),\n         added blocking:%ld (%ld ms)\n",
+                stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames,
+                (long)( stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames * (1000.0 / sampleRate) ),
+                PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor),
+                (long)( PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor) * (1000.0 / sampleRate) ),
+                PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor) + (lBlockingBufferSize / framesPerBuffer - 1) * framesPerBuffer,
+                (long)( (PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor) + (lBlockingBufferSize / framesPerBuffer - 1) * framesPerBuffer) * (1000.0 / sampleRate) )
+                ));
+
+            /* Determine the size of ring buffer in bytes. */
+            lBytesPerFrame = outputChannelCount * Pa_GetSampleSize(outputSampleFormat);
+
+            /* Allocate the blocking i/o output ring buffer memory. */
+            stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData = (void*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( lBlockingBufferSize * lBytesPerFrame );
+            if( !stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData )
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o output ring buffer allocation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            /* Initialize the output ring buffer struct. */
+            PaUtil_InitializeRingBuffer( &stream->blockingState->writeRingBuffer    ,
+                                          lBytesPerFrame                            ,
+                                          lBlockingBufferSize                       ,
+                                          stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData );
+        }
+
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate = sampleRate;
+
+
+    }
+    else /* Using callback interface... */
+    {
+        result =  PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor,
+                        inputChannelCount, inputSampleFormat, (hostInputSampleFormat | paNonInterleaved),
+                        outputChannelCount, outputSampleFormat, (hostOutputSampleFormat | paNonInterleaved),
+                        sampleRate, streamFlags, framesPerBuffer,
+                        framesPerHostBuffer, paUtilFixedHostBufferSize,
+                        streamCallback, userData );
+        if( result != paNoError ){
+            PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR13\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+        callbackBufferProcessorInited = TRUE;
+
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.inputLatency =
+                (double)( PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor)
+                    + stream->asioInputLatencyFrames) / sampleRate;   // seconds
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency =
+                (double)( PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor)
+                    + stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames) / sampleRate; // seconds
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate = sampleRate;
+
+        // the code below prints the ASIO latency which doesn't include the
+        // buffer processor latency. it reports the added latency separately
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio : ASIO InputLatency = %ld (%ld ms), added buffProc:%ld (%ld ms)\n",
+                stream->asioInputLatencyFrames,
+                (long)((stream->asioInputLatencyFrames*1000)/ sampleRate),
+                PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor),
+                (long)((PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor)*1000)/ sampleRate)
+                ));
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio : ASIO OuputLatency = %ld (%ld ms), added buffProc:%ld (%ld ms)\n",
+                stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames,
+                (long)((stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames*1000)/ sampleRate),
+                PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor),
+                (long)((PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor)*1000)/ sampleRate)
+                ));
+    }
+
+    stream->asioHostApi = asioHostApi;
+    stream->framesPerHostCallback = framesPerHostBuffer;
+
+    stream->inputChannelCount = inputChannelCount;
+    stream->outputChannelCount = outputChannelCount;
+    stream->postOutput = driverInfo->postOutput;
+    stream->isStopped = 1;
+    stream->isActive = 0;
+
+    asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex = asioDeviceIndex;
+
+    theAsioStream = stream;
+    *s = (PaStream*)stream;
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    PA_DEBUG(("goto errored\n"));
+    if( stream )
+    {
+        if( stream->blockingState )
+        {
+            if( blockingBufferProcessorInited )
+                PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor );
+
+            if( stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData )
+                PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData );
+            if( stream->blockingState->writeStreamBuffer )
+                PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->writeStreamBuffer );
+            if( blockingWriteBuffersReadyEventInitialized )
+                CloseHandle( stream->blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent );
+
+            if( stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData )
+                PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData );
+            if( stream->blockingState->readStreamBuffer )
+                PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->readStreamBuffer );
+            if( blockingReadFramesReadyEventInitialized )
+                CloseHandle( stream->blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent );
+
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState );
+        }
+
+        if( callbackBufferProcessorInited )
+            PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+
+        if( completedBuffersPlayedEventInited )
+            CloseHandle( stream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent );
+
+        if( stream->asioBufferInfos )
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->asioBufferInfos );
+
+        if( stream->asioChannelInfos )
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->asioChannelInfos );
+
+        if( stream->bufferPtrs )
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->bufferPtrs );
+
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream );
+    }
+
+    if( asioBuffersCreated )
+        ASIODisposeBuffers();
+
+    if( asioIsInitialized )
+    {
+        UnloadAsioDriver();
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/*
+    When CloseStream() is called, the multi-api layer ensures that
+    the stream has already been stopped or aborted.
+*/
+static PaError CloseStream( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+
+    /*
+        IMPLEMENT ME:
+            - additional stream closing + cleanup
+    */
+
+    PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+    PaUtil_TerminateStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation );
+
+    stream->asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex = paNoDevice;
+
+    CloseHandle( stream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent );
+
+    /* Using blocking i/o interface... */
+    if( stream->blockingState )
+    {
+        PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor );
+
+        if( stream->inputChannelCount ) {
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData );
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->readStreamBuffer  );
+            CloseHandle( stream->blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent );
+        }
+        if( stream->outputChannelCount ) {
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData );
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->writeStreamBuffer );
+            CloseHandle( stream->blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent );
+        }
+
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState );
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->asioBufferInfos );
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->asioChannelInfos );
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->bufferPtrs );
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream );
+
+    ASIODisposeBuffers();
+    UnloadAsioDriver();
+
+    theAsioStream = 0;
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static void bufferSwitch(long index, ASIOBool directProcess)
+{
+//TAKEN FROM THE ASIO SDK
+
+    // the actual processing callback.
+    // Beware that this is normally in a separate thread, hence be sure that
+    // you take care about thread synchronization. This is omitted here for
+    // simplicity.
+
+    // as this is a "back door" into the bufferSwitchTimeInfo a timeInfo needs
+    // to be created though it will only set the timeInfo.samplePosition and
+    // timeInfo.systemTime fields and the according flags
+
+    ASIOTime  timeInfo;
+    memset( &timeInfo, 0, sizeof (timeInfo) );
+
+    // get the time stamp of the buffer, not necessary if no
+    // synchronization to other media is required
+    if( ASIOGetSamplePosition(&timeInfo.timeInfo.samplePosition, &timeInfo.timeInfo.systemTime) == ASE_OK)
+            timeInfo.timeInfo.flags = kSystemTimeValid | kSamplePositionValid;
+
+    // Call the real callback
+    bufferSwitchTimeInfo( &timeInfo, index, directProcess );
+}
+
+
+// conversion from 64 bit ASIOSample/ASIOTimeStamp to double float
+#if NATIVE_INT64
+    #define ASIO64toDouble(a)  (a)
+#else
+    const double twoRaisedTo32 = 4294967296.;
+    #define ASIO64toDouble(a)  ((a).lo + (a).hi * twoRaisedTo32)
+#endif
+
+static ASIOTime *bufferSwitchTimeInfo( ASIOTime *timeInfo, long index, ASIOBool directProcess )
+{
+    // the actual processing callback.
+    // Beware that this is normally in a separate thread, hence be sure that
+    // you take care about thread synchronization.
+
+
+    /* The SDK says the following about the directProcess flag:
+        suggests to the host whether it should immediately start processing
+        (directProcess == ASIOTrue), or whether its process should be deferred
+        because the call comes from a very low level (for instance, a high level
+        priority interrupt), and direct processing would cause timing instabilities for
+        the rest of the system. If in doubt, directProcess should be set to ASIOFalse.
+
+        We just ignore directProcess. This could cause incompatibilities with
+        drivers which really don't want the audio processing to occur in this
+        callback, but none have been identified yet.
+    */
+
+    (void) directProcess; /* suppress unused parameter warning */
+
+#if 0
+    // store the timeInfo for later use
+    asioDriverInfo.tInfo = *timeInfo;
+
+    // get the time stamp of the buffer, not necessary if no
+    // synchronization to other media is required
+
+    if (timeInfo->timeInfo.flags & kSystemTimeValid)
+            asioDriverInfo.nanoSeconds = ASIO64toDouble(timeInfo->timeInfo.systemTime);
+    else
+            asioDriverInfo.nanoSeconds = 0;
+
+    if (timeInfo->timeInfo.flags & kSamplePositionValid)
+            asioDriverInfo.samples = ASIO64toDouble(timeInfo->timeInfo.samplePosition);
+    else
+            asioDriverInfo.samples = 0;
+
+    if (timeInfo->timeCode.flags & kTcValid)
+            asioDriverInfo.tcSamples = ASIO64toDouble(timeInfo->timeCode.timeCodeSamples);
+    else
+            asioDriverInfo.tcSamples = 0;
+
+    // get the system reference time
+    asioDriverInfo.sysRefTime = get_sys_reference_time();
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+    // a few debug messages for the Windows device driver developer
+    // tells you the time when driver got its interrupt and the delay until the app receives
+    // the event notification.
+    static double last_samples = 0;
+    char tmp[128];
+    sprintf (tmp, "diff: %d / %d ms / %d ms / %d samples                 \n", asioDriverInfo.sysRefTime - (long)(asioDriverInfo.nanoSeconds / 1000000.0), asioDriverInfo.sysRefTime, (long)(asioDriverInfo.nanoSeconds / 1000000.0), (long)(asioDriverInfo.samples - last_samples));
+    OutputDebugString (tmp);
+    last_samples = asioDriverInfo.samples;
+#endif
+
+
+    if( !theAsioStream )
+        return 0L;
+
+    // protect against reentrancy
+    if( PaAsio_AtomicIncrement(&theAsioStream->reenterCount) )
+    {
+        theAsioStream->reenterError++;
+        //DBUG(("bufferSwitchTimeInfo : reentrancy detection = %d\n", asioDriverInfo.reenterError));
+        return 0L;
+    }
+
+    int buffersDone = 0;
+
+    do
+    {
+        if( buffersDone > 0 )
+        {
+            // this is a reentered buffer, we missed processing it on time
+            // set the input overflow and output underflow flags as appropriate
+
+            if( theAsioStream->inputChannelCount > 0 )
+                theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paInputOverflow;
+
+            if( theAsioStream->outputChannelCount > 0 )
+                theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paOutputUnderflow;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if( theAsioStream->zeroOutput )
+            {
+                ZeroOutputBuffers( theAsioStream, index );
+
+                // Finally if the driver supports the ASIOOutputReady() optimization,
+                // do it here, all data are in place
+                if( theAsioStream->postOutput )
+                    ASIOOutputReady();
+
+                if( theAsioStream->stopProcessing )
+                {
+                    if( theAsioStream->stopPlayoutCount < 2 )
+                    {
+                        ++theAsioStream->stopPlayoutCount;
+                        if( theAsioStream->stopPlayoutCount == 2 )
+                        {
+                            theAsioStream->isActive = 0;
+                            if( theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback != 0 )
+                                theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback( theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.userData );
+                            theAsioStream->streamFinishedCallbackCalled = true;
+                            SetEvent( theAsioStream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent );
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+
+#if 0
+/*
+    see: "ASIO callback underflow/overflow buffer slip detection doesn't work"
+    http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/110
+*/
+
+// test code to try to detect slip conditions... these may work on some systems
+// but neither of them work on the RME Digi96
+
+// check that sample delta matches buffer size (otherwise we must have skipped
+// a buffer.
+static double last_samples = -512;
+double samples;
+//if( timeInfo->timeCode.flags & kTcValid )
+//    samples = ASIO64toDouble(timeInfo->timeCode.timeCodeSamples);
+//else
+    samples = ASIO64toDouble(timeInfo->timeInfo.samplePosition);
+int delta = samples - last_samples;
+//printf( "%d\n", delta);
+last_samples = samples;
+
+if( delta > theAsioStream->framesPerHostCallback )
+{
+    if( theAsioStream->inputChannelCount > 0 )
+        theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paInputOverflow;
+
+    if( theAsioStream->outputChannelCount > 0 )
+        theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paOutputUnderflow;
+}
+
+// check that the buffer index is not the previous index (which would indicate
+// that a buffer was skipped.
+static int previousIndex = 1;
+if( index == previousIndex )
+{
+    if( theAsioStream->inputChannelCount > 0 )
+        theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paInputOverflow;
+
+    if( theAsioStream->outputChannelCount > 0 )
+        theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paOutputUnderflow;
+}
+previousIndex = index;
+#endif
+
+                int i;
+
+                PaUtil_BeginCpuLoadMeasurement( &theAsioStream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+
+                PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo paTimeInfo;
+
+                // asio systemTime is supposed to be measured according to the same
+                // clock as timeGetTime
+                paTimeInfo.currentTime = (ASIO64toDouble( timeInfo->timeInfo.systemTime ) * .000000001);
+
+                /* patch from Paul Boege */
+                paTimeInfo.inputBufferAdcTime = paTimeInfo.currentTime -
+                    ((double)theAsioStream->asioInputLatencyFrames/theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate);
+
+                paTimeInfo.outputBufferDacTime = paTimeInfo.currentTime +
+                    ((double)theAsioStream->asioOutputLatencyFrames/theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate);
+
+                /* old version is buggy because the buffer processor also adds in its latency to the time parameters
+                paTimeInfo.inputBufferAdcTime = paTimeInfo.currentTime - theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.inputLatency;
+                paTimeInfo.outputBufferDacTime = paTimeInfo.currentTime + theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency;
+                */
+
+/* Disabled! Stopping and re-starting the stream causes an input overflow / output underflow. S.Fischer */
+#if 0
+// detect underflows by checking inter-callback time > 2 buffer period
+static double previousTime = -1;
+if( previousTime > 0 ){
+
+    double delta = paTimeInfo.currentTime - previousTime;
+
+    if( delta >= 2. * (theAsioStream->framesPerHostCallback / theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate) ){
+        if( theAsioStream->inputChannelCount > 0 )
+            theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paInputOverflow;
+
+        if( theAsioStream->outputChannelCount > 0 )
+            theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paOutputUnderflow;
+    }
+}
+previousTime = paTimeInfo.currentTime;
+#endif
+
+                // note that the above input and output times do not need to be
+                // adjusted for the latency of the buffer processor -- the buffer
+                // processor handles that.
+
+                if( theAsioStream->inputBufferConverter )
+                {
+                    for( i=0; i<theAsioStream->inputChannelCount; i++ )
+                    {
+                        theAsioStream->inputBufferConverter( theAsioStream->inputBufferPtrs[index][i],
+                                theAsioStream->inputShift, theAsioStream->framesPerHostCallback );
+                    }
+                }
+
+                PaUtil_BeginBufferProcessing( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor, &paTimeInfo, theAsioStream->callbackFlags );
+
+                /* reset status flags once they've been passed to the callback */
+                theAsioStream->callbackFlags = 0;
+
+                PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor, 0 /* default to host buffer size */ );
+                for( i=0; i<theAsioStream->inputChannelCount; ++i )
+                    PaUtil_SetNonInterleavedInputChannel( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor, i, theAsioStream->inputBufferPtrs[index][i] );
+
+                PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor, 0 /* default to host buffer size */ );
+                for( i=0; i<theAsioStream->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+                    PaUtil_SetNonInterleavedOutputChannel( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor, i, theAsioStream->outputBufferPtrs[index][i] );
+
+                int callbackResult;
+                if( theAsioStream->stopProcessing )
+                    callbackResult = paComplete;
+                else
+                    callbackResult = paContinue;
+                unsigned long framesProcessed = PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor, &callbackResult );
+
+                if( theAsioStream->outputBufferConverter )
+                {
+                    for( i=0; i<theAsioStream->outputChannelCount; i++ )
+                    {
+                        theAsioStream->outputBufferConverter( theAsioStream->outputBufferPtrs[index][i],
+                                theAsioStream->outputShift, theAsioStream->framesPerHostCallback );
+                    }
+                }
+
+                PaUtil_EndCpuLoadMeasurement( &theAsioStream->cpuLoadMeasurer, framesProcessed );
+
+                // Finally if the driver supports the ASIOOutputReady() optimization,
+                // do it here, all data are in place
+                if( theAsioStream->postOutput )
+                    ASIOOutputReady();
+
+                if( callbackResult == paContinue )
+                {
+                    /* nothing special to do */
+                }
+                else if( callbackResult == paAbort )
+                {
+                    /* finish playback immediately  */
+                    theAsioStream->isActive = 0;
+                    if( theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback != 0 )
+                        theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback( theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.userData );
+                    theAsioStream->streamFinishedCallbackCalled = true;
+                    SetEvent( theAsioStream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent );
+                    theAsioStream->zeroOutput = true;
+                }
+                else /* paComplete or other non-zero value indicating complete */
+                {
+                    /* Finish playback once currently queued audio has completed. */
+                    theAsioStream->stopProcessing = true;
+
+                    if( PaUtil_IsBufferProcessorOutputEmpty( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor ) )
+                    {
+                        theAsioStream->zeroOutput = true;
+                        theAsioStream->stopPlayoutCount = 0;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        ++buffersDone;
+    }while( PaAsio_AtomicDecrement(&theAsioStream->reenterCount) >= 0 );
+
+    return 0L;
+}
+
+
+static void sampleRateChanged(ASIOSampleRate sRate)
+{
+    // TAKEN FROM THE ASIO SDK
+    // do whatever you need to do if the sample rate changed
+    // usually this only happens during external sync.
+    // Audio processing is not stopped by the driver, actual sample rate
+    // might not have even changed, maybe only the sample rate status of an
+    // AES/EBU or S/PDIF digital input at the audio device.
+    // You might have to update time/sample related conversion routines, etc.
+
+    (void) sRate; /* unused parameter */
+    PA_DEBUG( ("sampleRateChanged : %d \n", sRate));
+}
+
+static long asioMessages(long selector, long value, void* message, double* opt)
+{
+// TAKEN FROM THE ASIO SDK
+    // currently the parameters "value", "message" and "opt" are not used.
+    long ret = 0;
+
+    (void) message; /* unused parameters */
+    (void) opt;
+
+    PA_DEBUG( ("asioMessages : %d , %d \n", selector, value));
+
+    switch(selector)
+    {
+        case kAsioSelectorSupported:
+            if(value == kAsioResetRequest
+            || value == kAsioEngineVersion
+            || value == kAsioResyncRequest
+            || value == kAsioLatenciesChanged
+            // the following three were added for ASIO 2.0, you don't necessarily have to support them
+            || value == kAsioSupportsTimeInfo
+            || value == kAsioSupportsTimeCode
+            || value == kAsioSupportsInputMonitor)
+                    ret = 1L;
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioBufferSizeChange:
+            //printf("kAsioBufferSizeChange \n");
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioResetRequest:
+            // defer the task and perform the reset of the driver during the next "safe" situation
+            // You cannot reset the driver right now, as this code is called from the driver.
+            // Reset the driver is done by completely destruct is. I.e. ASIOStop(), ASIODisposeBuffers(), Destruction
+            // Afterwards you initialize the driver again.
+
+            /*FIXME: commented the next line out
+
+                see: "PA/ASIO ignores some driver notifications it probably shouldn't"
+                http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/108
+            */
+            //asioDriverInfo.stopped;  // In this sample the processing will just stop
+            ret = 1L;
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioResyncRequest:
+            // This informs the application, that the driver encountered some non fatal data loss.
+            // It is used for synchronization purposes of different media.
+            // Added mainly to work around the Win16Mutex problems in Windows 95/98 with the
+            // Windows Multimedia system, which could loose data because the Mutex was hold too long
+            // by another thread.
+            // However a driver can issue it in other situations, too.
+            ret = 1L;
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioLatenciesChanged:
+            // This will inform the host application that the drivers were latencies changed.
+            // Beware, it this does not mean that the buffer sizes have changed!
+            // You might need to update internal delay data.
+            ret = 1L;
+            //printf("kAsioLatenciesChanged \n");
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioEngineVersion:
+            // return the supported ASIO version of the host application
+            // If a host applications does not implement this selector, ASIO 1.0 is assumed
+            // by the driver
+            ret = 2L;
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioSupportsTimeInfo:
+            // informs the driver whether the asioCallbacks.bufferSwitchTimeInfo() callback
+            // is supported.
+            // For compatibility with ASIO 1.0 drivers the host application should always support
+            // the "old" bufferSwitch method, too.
+            ret = 1;
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioSupportsTimeCode:
+            // informs the driver whether application is interested in time code info.
+            // If an application does not need to know about time code, the driver has less work
+            // to do.
+            ret = 0;
+            break;
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+
+static PaError StartStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+    PaAsioStreamBlockingState *blockingState = stream->blockingState;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+
+    if( stream->outputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        ZeroOutputBuffers( stream, 0 );
+        ZeroOutputBuffers( stream, 1 );
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_ResetBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+    stream->stopProcessing = false;
+    stream->zeroOutput = false;
+
+    /* Reentrancy counter initialisation */
+    stream->reenterCount = -1;
+    stream->reenterError = 0;
+
+    stream->callbackFlags = 0;
+
+    if( ResetEvent( stream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent ) == 0 )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+    }
+
+
+    /* Using blocking i/o interface... */
+    if( blockingState )
+    {
+        /* Reset blocking i/o buffer processor. */
+        PaUtil_ResetBufferProcessor( &blockingState->bufferProcessor );
+
+        /* If we're about to process some input data. */
+        if( stream->inputChannelCount )
+        {
+            /* Reset callback-ReadStream sync event. */
+            if( ResetEvent( blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent ) == 0 )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+            }
+
+            /* Flush blocking i/o ring buffer. */
+            PaUtil_FlushRingBuffer( &blockingState->readRingBuffer );
+            (*blockingState->bufferProcessor.inputZeroer)( blockingState->readRingBuffer.buffer, 1, blockingState->bufferProcessor.inputChannelCount * blockingState->readRingBuffer.bufferSize );
+        }
+
+        /* If we're about to process some output data. */
+        if( stream->outputChannelCount )
+        {
+            /* Reset callback-WriteStream sync event. */
+            if( ResetEvent( blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent ) == 0 )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+            }
+
+            /* Flush blocking i/o ring buffer. */
+            PaUtil_FlushRingBuffer( &blockingState->writeRingBuffer );
+            (*blockingState->bufferProcessor.outputZeroer)( blockingState->writeRingBuffer.buffer, 1, blockingState->bufferProcessor.outputChannelCount * blockingState->writeRingBuffer.bufferSize );
+
+            /* Initialize the output ring buffer to "silence". */
+            PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferWriteIndex( &blockingState->writeRingBuffer, blockingState->writeRingBufferInitialFrames );
+        }
+
+        /* Clear requested frames / buffers count. */
+        blockingState->writeBuffersRequested     = 0;
+        blockingState->readFramesRequested       = 0;
+        blockingState->writeBuffersRequestedFlag = FALSE;
+        blockingState->readFramesRequestedFlag   = FALSE;
+        blockingState->outputUnderflowFlag       = FALSE;
+        blockingState->inputOverflowFlag         = FALSE;
+        blockingState->stopFlag                  = FALSE;
+    }
+
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+    {
+        assert( theAsioStream == stream ); /* theAsioStream should be set correctly in OpenStream */
+
+        /* initialize these variables before the callback has a chance to be invoked */
+        stream->isStopped = 0;
+        stream->isActive = 1;
+        stream->streamFinishedCallbackCalled = false;
+
+        asioError = ASIOStart();
+        if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+        {
+            stream->isStopped = 1;
+            stream->isActive = 0;
+
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static void EnsureCallbackHasCompleted( PaAsioStream *stream )
+{
+    // make sure that the callback is not still in-flight after ASIOStop()
+    // returns. This has been observed to happen on the Hoontech DSP24 for
+    // example.
+    int count = 2000;  // only wait for 2 seconds, rather than hanging.
+    while( stream->reenterCount != -1 && count > 0 )
+    {
+        Sleep(1);
+        --count;
+    }
+}
+
+static PaError StopStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+    PaAsioStreamBlockingState *blockingState = stream->blockingState;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+
+    if( stream->isActive )
+    {
+        /* If blocking i/o output is in use */
+        if( blockingState && stream->outputChannelCount )
+        {
+            /* Request the whole output buffer to be available. */
+            blockingState->writeBuffersRequested = blockingState->writeRingBuffer.bufferSize;
+            /* Signalize that additional buffers are need. */
+            blockingState->writeBuffersRequestedFlag = TRUE;
+            /* Set flag to indicate the playback is to be stopped. */
+            blockingState->stopFlag = TRUE;
+
+            /* Wait until requested number of buffers has been freed. Time
+               out after twice the blocking i/o output buffer could have
+               been consumed. */
+            DWORD timeout = (DWORD)( 2 * blockingState->writeRingBuffer.bufferSize * 1000
+                                       / stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate );
+            DWORD waitResult = WaitForSingleObject( blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent, timeout );
+
+            /* If something seriously went wrong... */
+            if( waitResult == WAIT_FAILED )
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() failed in StopStream()\n"));
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+            }
+            else if( waitResult == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() timed out in StopStream()\n"));
+                result = paTimedOut;
+            }
+        }
+
+        stream->stopProcessing = true;
+
+        /* wait for the stream to finish playing out enqueued buffers.
+            timeout after four times the stream latency.
+
+            @todo should use a better time out value - if the user buffer
+            length is longer than the asio buffer size then that should
+            be taken into account.
+        */
+        if( WaitForSingleObject( stream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent,
+                (DWORD)(stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency * 1000. * 4.) )
+                    == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() timed out in StopStream()\n" ));
+        }
+    }
+
+    asioError = ASIOStop();
+    if( asioError == ASE_OK )
+    {
+        EnsureCallbackHasCompleted( stream );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+    }
+
+    stream->isStopped = 1;
+    stream->isActive = 0;
+
+    if( !stream->streamFinishedCallbackCalled )
+    {
+        if( stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback != 0 )
+            stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback( stream->streamRepresentation.userData );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError AbortStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+
+    stream->zeroOutput = true;
+
+    asioError = ASIOStop();
+    if( asioError == ASE_OK )
+    {
+        EnsureCallbackHasCompleted( stream );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+    }
+
+    stream->isStopped = 1;
+    stream->isActive = 0;
+
+    if( !stream->streamFinishedCallbackCalled )
+    {
+        if( stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback != 0 )
+            stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback( stream->streamRepresentation.userData );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError IsStreamStopped( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+
+    return stream->isStopped;
+}
+
+
+static PaError IsStreamActive( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+
+    return stream->isActive;
+}
+
+
+static PaTime GetStreamTime( PaStream *s )
+{
+    (void) s; /* unused parameter */
+
+    return (double)timeGetTime() * .001;
+}
+
+
+static double GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+
+    return PaUtil_GetCpuLoad( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+}
+
+
+/*
+    As separate stream interfaces are used for blocking and callback
+    streams, the following functions can be guaranteed to only be called
+    for blocking streams.
+*/
+
+static PaError ReadStream( PaStream      *s     ,
+                           void          *buffer,
+                           unsigned long  frames )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError; /* Initial return value. */
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s; /* The PA ASIO stream. */
+
+    /* Pointer to the blocking i/o data struct. */
+    PaAsioStreamBlockingState *blockingState = stream->blockingState;
+
+    /* Get blocking i/o buffer processor and ring buffer pointers. */
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor *pBp = &blockingState->bufferProcessor;
+    PaUtilRingBuffer      *pRb = &blockingState->readRingBuffer;
+
+    /* Ring buffer segment(s) used for writing. */
+    void *pRingBufferData1st = NULL; /* First segment. (Mandatory) */
+    void *pRingBufferData2nd = NULL; /* Second segment. (Optional) */
+
+    /* Number of frames per ring buffer segment. */
+    long lRingBufferSize1st = 0; /* First segment. (Mandatory) */
+    long lRingBufferSize2nd = 0; /* Second segment. (Optional) */
+
+    /* Get number of frames to be processed per data block. */
+    unsigned long lFramesPerBlock = stream->bufferProcessor.framesPerUserBuffer;
+    /* Actual number of frames that has been copied into the ring buffer. */
+    unsigned long lFramesCopied = 0;
+    /* The number of remaining unprocessed dtat frames. */
+    unsigned long lFramesRemaining = frames;
+
+    /* Copy the input argument to avoid pointer increment! */
+    const void *userBuffer;
+    unsigned int i; /* Just a counter. */
+
+    /* About the time, needed to process 8 data blocks. */
+    DWORD timeout = (DWORD)( 8 * lFramesPerBlock * 1000 / stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate );
+    DWORD waitResult = 0;
+
+
+    /* Check if the stream is still available ready to gather new data. */
+    if( blockingState->stopFlag || !stream->isActive )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("Warning! Stream no longer available for reading in ReadStream()\n"));
+        result = paStreamIsStopped;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /* If the stream is a input stream. */
+    if( stream->inputChannelCount )
+    {
+        /* Prepare buffer access. */
+        if( !pBp->userOutputIsInterleaved )
+        {
+            userBuffer = blockingState->readStreamBuffer;
+            for( i = 0; i<pBp->inputChannelCount; ++i )
+            {
+                ((void**)userBuffer)[i] = ((void**)buffer)[i];
+            }
+        } /* Use the unchanged buffer. */
+        else { userBuffer = buffer; }
+
+        do /* Internal block processing for too large user data buffers. */
+        {
+            /* Get the size of the current data block to be processed. */
+            lFramesPerBlock =(lFramesPerBlock < lFramesRemaining)
+                            ? lFramesPerBlock : lFramesRemaining;
+            /* Use predefined block size for as long there are enough
+               buffers available, thereafter reduce the processing block
+               size to match the number of remaining buffers. So the final
+               data block is processed although it may be incomplete. */
+
+            /* If the available amount of data frames is insufficient. */
+            if( PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable(pRb) < (long) lFramesPerBlock )
+            {
+                /* Make sure, the event isn't already set! */
+                /* ResetEvent( blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent ); */
+
+                /* Set the number of requested buffers. */
+                blockingState->readFramesRequested = lFramesPerBlock;
+
+                /* Signalize that additional buffers are need. */
+                blockingState->readFramesRequestedFlag = TRUE;
+
+                /* Wait until requested number of buffers has been freed. */
+                waitResult = WaitForSingleObject( blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent, timeout );
+
+                /* If something seriously went wrong... */
+                if( waitResult == WAIT_FAILED )
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() failed in ReadStream()\n"));
+                    result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                    PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+                    return result;
+                }
+                else if( waitResult == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() timed out in ReadStream()\n"));
+
+                    /* If block processing has stopped, abort! */
+                    if( blockingState->stopFlag ) { return result = paStreamIsStopped; }
+
+                    /* If a timeout is encountered, give up eventually. */
+                    return result = paTimedOut;
+                }
+            }
+            /* Now, the ring buffer contains the required amount of data
+               frames.
+               (Therefor we don't need to check the return argument of
+               PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadRegions(). ;-) )
+            */
+
+            /* Retrieve pointer(s) to the ring buffer's current write
+               position(s). If the first buffer segment is too small to
+               store the requested number of bytes, an additional second
+               segment is returned. Otherwise, i.e. if the first segment
+               is large enough, the second segment's pointer will be NULL.
+            */
+            PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadRegions(pRb                ,
+                                            lFramesPerBlock    ,
+                                            &pRingBufferData1st,
+                                            &lRingBufferSize1st,
+                                            &pRingBufferData2nd,
+                                            &lRingBufferSize2nd);
+
+            /* Set number of frames to be copied from the ring buffer. */
+            PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( pBp, lRingBufferSize1st );
+            /* Setup ring buffer access. */
+            PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels(pBp               ,  /* Buffer processor. */
+                                               0                 ,  /* The first channel's index. */
+                                               pRingBufferData1st,  /* First ring buffer segment. */
+                                               0                 ); /* Use all available channels. */
+
+            /* If a second ring buffer segment is required. */
+            if( lRingBufferSize2nd ) {
+                /* Set number of frames to be copied from the ring buffer. */
+                PaUtil_Set2ndInputFrameCount( pBp, lRingBufferSize2nd );
+                /* Setup ring buffer access. */
+                PaUtil_Set2ndInterleavedInputChannels(pBp               ,  /* Buffer processor. */
+                                                      0                 ,  /* The first channel's index. */
+                                                      pRingBufferData2nd,  /* Second ring buffer segment. */
+                                                      0                 ); /* Use all available channels. */
+            }
+
+            /* Let the buffer processor handle "copy and conversion" and
+               update the ring buffer indices manually. */
+            lFramesCopied = PaUtil_CopyInput( pBp, &buffer, lFramesPerBlock );
+            PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferReadIndex( pRb, lFramesCopied );
+
+            /* Decrease number of unprocessed frames. */
+            lFramesRemaining -= lFramesCopied;
+
+        } /* Continue with the next data chunk. */
+        while( lFramesRemaining );
+
+
+        /* If there has been an input overflow within the callback */
+        if( blockingState->inputOverflowFlag )
+        {
+            blockingState->inputOverflowFlag = FALSE;
+
+            /* Return the corresponding error code. */
+            result = paInputOverflowed;
+        }
+
+    } /* If this is not an input stream. */
+    else {
+        result = paCanNotReadFromAnOutputOnlyStream;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError WriteStream( PaStream      *s     ,
+                            const void    *buffer,
+                            unsigned long  frames )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError; /* Initial return value. */
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s; /* The PA ASIO stream. */
+
+    /* Pointer to the blocking i/o data struct. */
+    PaAsioStreamBlockingState *blockingState = stream->blockingState;
+
+    /* Get blocking i/o buffer processor and ring buffer pointers. */
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor *pBp = &blockingState->bufferProcessor;
+    PaUtilRingBuffer      *pRb = &blockingState->writeRingBuffer;
+
+    /* Ring buffer segment(s) used for writing. */
+    void *pRingBufferData1st = NULL; /* First segment. (Mandatory) */
+    void *pRingBufferData2nd = NULL; /* Second segment. (Optional) */
+
+    /* Number of frames per ring buffer segment. */
+    long lRingBufferSize1st = 0; /* First segment. (Mandatory) */
+    long lRingBufferSize2nd = 0; /* Second segment. (Optional) */
+
+    /* Get number of frames to be processed per data block. */
+    unsigned long lFramesPerBlock = stream->bufferProcessor.framesPerUserBuffer;
+    /* Actual number of frames that has been copied into the ring buffer. */
+    unsigned long lFramesCopied = 0;
+    /* The number of remaining unprocessed dtat frames. */
+    unsigned long lFramesRemaining = frames;
+
+    /* About the time, needed to process 8 data blocks. */
+    DWORD timeout = (DWORD)( 8 * lFramesPerBlock * 1000 / stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate );
+    DWORD waitResult = 0;
+
+    /* Copy the input argument to avoid pointer increment! */
+    const void *userBuffer;
+    unsigned int i; /* Just a counter. */
+
+
+    /* Check if the stream is still available ready to receive new data. */
+    if( blockingState->stopFlag || !stream->isActive )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("Warning! Stream no longer available for writing in WriteStream()\n"));
+        result = paStreamIsStopped;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /* If the stream is a output stream. */
+    if( stream->outputChannelCount )
+    {
+        /* Prepare buffer access. */
+        if( !pBp->userOutputIsInterleaved )
+        {
+            userBuffer = blockingState->writeStreamBuffer;
+            for( i = 0; i<pBp->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+            {
+                ((const void**)userBuffer)[i] = ((const void**)buffer)[i];
+            }
+        } /* Use the unchanged buffer. */
+        else { userBuffer = buffer; }
+
+
+        do /* Internal block processing for too large user data buffers. */
+        {
+            /* Get the size of the current data block to be processed. */
+            lFramesPerBlock =(lFramesPerBlock < lFramesRemaining)
+                            ? lFramesPerBlock : lFramesRemaining;
+            /* Use predefined block size for as long there are enough
+               frames available, thereafter reduce the processing block
+               size to match the number of remaining frames. So the final
+               data block is processed although it may be incomplete. */
+
+            /* If the available amount of buffers is insufficient. */
+            if( PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteAvailable(pRb) < (long) lFramesPerBlock )
+            {
+                /* Make sure, the event isn't already set! */
+                /* ResetEvent( blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent ); */
+
+                /* Set the number of requested buffers. */
+                blockingState->writeBuffersRequested = lFramesPerBlock;
+
+                /* Signalize that additional buffers are need. */
+                blockingState->writeBuffersRequestedFlag = TRUE;
+
+                /* Wait until requested number of buffers has been freed. */
+                waitResult = WaitForSingleObject( blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent, timeout );
+
+                /* If something seriously went wrong... */
+                if( waitResult == WAIT_FAILED )
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() failed in WriteStream()\n"));
+                    result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                    PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+                    return result;
+                }
+                else if( waitResult == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() timed out in WriteStream()\n"));
+
+                    /* If block processing has stopped, abort! */
+                    if( blockingState->stopFlag ) { return result = paStreamIsStopped; }
+
+                    /* If a timeout is encountered, give up eventually. */
+                    return result = paTimedOut;
+                }
+            }
+            /* Now, the ring buffer contains the required amount of free
+               space to store the provided number of data frames.
+               (Therefor we don't need to check the return argument of
+               PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteRegions(). ;-) )
+            */
+
+            /* Retrieve pointer(s) to the ring buffer's current write
+               position(s). If the first buffer segment is too small to
+               store the requested number of bytes, an additional second
+               segment is returned. Otherwise, i.e. if the first segment
+               is large enough, the second segment's pointer will be NULL.
+            */
+            PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteRegions(pRb                ,
+                                             lFramesPerBlock    ,
+                                             &pRingBufferData1st,
+                                             &lRingBufferSize1st,
+                                             &pRingBufferData2nd,
+                                             &lRingBufferSize2nd);
+
+            /* Set number of frames to be copied to the ring buffer. */
+            PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount( pBp, lRingBufferSize1st );
+            /* Setup ring buffer access. */
+            PaUtil_SetInterleavedOutputChannels(pBp               ,  /* Buffer processor. */
+                                                0                 ,  /* The first channel's index. */
+                                                pRingBufferData1st,  /* First ring buffer segment. */
+                                                0                 ); /* Use all available channels. */
+
+            /* If a second ring buffer segment is required. */
+            if( lRingBufferSize2nd ) {
+                /* Set number of frames to be copied to the ring buffer. */
+                PaUtil_Set2ndOutputFrameCount( pBp, lRingBufferSize2nd );
+                /* Setup ring buffer access. */
+                PaUtil_Set2ndInterleavedOutputChannels(pBp               ,  /* Buffer processor. */
+                                                       0                 ,  /* The first channel's index. */
+                                                       pRingBufferData2nd,  /* Second ring buffer segment. */
+                                                       0                 ); /* Use all available channels. */
+            }
+
+            /* Let the buffer processor handle "copy and conversion" and
+               update the ring buffer indices manually. */
+            lFramesCopied = PaUtil_CopyOutput( pBp, &userBuffer, lFramesPerBlock );
+            PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferWriteIndex( pRb, lFramesCopied );
+
+            /* Decrease number of unprocessed frames. */
+            lFramesRemaining -= lFramesCopied;
+
+        } /* Continue with the next data chunk. */
+        while( lFramesRemaining );
+
+
+        /* If there has been an output underflow within the callback */
+        if( blockingState->outputUnderflowFlag )
+        {
+            blockingState->outputUnderflowFlag = FALSE;
+
+            /* Return the corresponding error code. */
+            result = paOutputUnderflowed;
+        }
+
+    } /* If this is not an output stream. */
+    else
+    {
+        result = paCanNotWriteToAnInputOnlyStream;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static signed long GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+
+    /* Call buffer utility routine to get the number of available frames. */
+    return PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable( &stream->blockingState->readRingBuffer );
+}
+
+
+static signed long GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+
+    /* Call buffer utility routine to get the number of empty buffers. */
+    return PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteAvailable( &stream->blockingState->writeRingBuffer );
+}
+
+
+/* This routine will be called by the PortAudio engine when audio is needed.
+** It may called at interrupt level on some machines so don't do anything
+** that could mess up the system like calling malloc() or free().
+*/
+static int BlockingIoPaCallback(const void                     *inputBuffer    ,
+                                      void                     *outputBuffer   ,
+                                      unsigned long             framesPerBuffer,
+                                const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo *timeInfo       ,
+                                      PaStreamCallbackFlags     statusFlags    ,
+                                      void                     *userData       )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError; /* Initial return value. */
+    PaAsioStream *stream = *(PaAsioStream**)userData; /* The PA ASIO stream. */
+    PaAsioStreamBlockingState *blockingState = stream->blockingState; /* Persume blockingState is valid, otherwise the callback wouldn't be running. */
+
+    /* Get a pointer to the stream's blocking i/o buffer processor. */
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor *pBp = &blockingState->bufferProcessor;
+    PaUtilRingBuffer      *pRb = NULL;
+
+    /* If output data has been requested. */
+    if( stream->outputChannelCount )
+    {
+        /* If the callback input argument signalizes a output underflow,
+           make sure the WriteStream() function knows about it, too! */
+        if( statusFlags & paOutputUnderflowed ) {
+            blockingState->outputUnderflowFlag = TRUE;
+        }
+
+        /* Access the corresponding ring buffer. */
+        pRb = &blockingState->writeRingBuffer;
+
+        /* If the blocking i/o buffer contains enough output data, */
+        if( PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable(pRb) >= (long) framesPerBuffer )
+        {
+            /* Extract the requested data from the ring buffer. */
+            PaUtil_ReadRingBuffer( pRb, outputBuffer, framesPerBuffer );
+        }
+        else /* If no output data is available :-( */
+        {
+            /* Signalize a write-buffer underflow. */
+            blockingState->outputUnderflowFlag = TRUE;
+
+            /* Fill the output buffer with silence. */
+            (*pBp->outputZeroer)( outputBuffer, 1, pBp->outputChannelCount * framesPerBuffer );
+
+            /* If playback is to be stopped */
+            if( blockingState->stopFlag && PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable(pRb) < (long) framesPerBuffer )
+            {
+                /* Extract all the remaining data from the ring buffer,
+                   whether it is a complete data block or not. */
+                PaUtil_ReadRingBuffer( pRb, outputBuffer, PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable(pRb) );
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* Set blocking i/o event? */
+        if( blockingState->writeBuffersRequestedFlag && PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteAvailable(pRb) >= (long) blockingState->writeBuffersRequested )
+        {
+            /* Reset buffer request. */
+            blockingState->writeBuffersRequestedFlag = FALSE;
+            blockingState->writeBuffersRequested     = 0;
+            /* Signalize that requested buffers are ready. */
+            SetEvent( blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent );
+            /* What do we do if SetEvent() returns zero, i.e. the event
+               could not be set? How to return errors from within the
+               callback? - S.Fischer */
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* If input data has been supplied. */
+    if( stream->inputChannelCount )
+    {
+        /* If the callback input argument signalizes a input overflow,
+           make sure the ReadStream() function knows about it, too! */
+        if( statusFlags & paInputOverflowed ) {
+            blockingState->inputOverflowFlag = TRUE;
+        }
+
+        /* Access the corresponding ring buffer. */
+        pRb = &blockingState->readRingBuffer;
+
+        /* If the blocking i/o buffer contains not enough input buffers */
+        if( PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteAvailable(pRb) < (long) framesPerBuffer )
+        {
+            /* Signalize a read-buffer overflow. */
+            blockingState->inputOverflowFlag = TRUE;
+
+            /* Remove some old data frames from the buffer. */
+            PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferReadIndex( pRb, framesPerBuffer );
+        }
+
+        /* Insert the current input data into the ring buffer. */
+        PaUtil_WriteRingBuffer( pRb, inputBuffer, framesPerBuffer );
+
+        /* Set blocking i/o event? */
+        if( blockingState->readFramesRequestedFlag && PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable(pRb) >= (long) blockingState->readFramesRequested )
+        {
+            /* Reset buffer request. */
+            blockingState->readFramesRequestedFlag = FALSE;
+            blockingState->readFramesRequested     = 0;
+            /* Signalize that requested buffers are ready. */
+            SetEvent( blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent );
+            /* What do we do if SetEvent() returns zero, i.e. the event
+               could not be set? How to return errors from within the
+               callback? - S.Fischer */
+            /** @todo report an error with PA_DEBUG */
+        }
+    }
+
+    return paContinue;
+}
+
+
+PaError PaAsio_ShowControlPanel( PaDeviceIndex device, void* systemSpecific )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi;
+    PaDeviceIndex hostApiDevice;
+    ASIODriverInfo asioDriverInfo;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+    int asioIsInitialized = 0;
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi;
+    PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo;
+    PaWinUtilComInitializationResult comInitializationResult;
+
+    /* initialize COM again here, we might be in another thread */
+    result = PaWinUtil_CoInitialize( paASIO, &comInitializationResult );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        return result;
+
+    result = PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( &hostApi, paASIO );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    result = PaUtil_DeviceIndexToHostApiDeviceIndex( &hostApiDevice, device, hostApi );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    /*
+        In theory we could proceed if the currently open device was the same
+        one for which the control panel was requested, however  because the
+        window pointer is not available until this function is called we
+        currently need to call ASIOInit() again here, which of course can't be
+        done safely while a stream is open.
+    */
+
+    asioHostApi = (PaAsioHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    if( asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex != paNoDevice )
+    {
+        result = paDeviceUnavailable;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    asioDeviceInfo = (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[hostApiDevice];
+
+    if( !asioHostApi->asioDrivers->loadDriver( const_cast<char*>(asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo.name) ) )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* CRUCIAL!!! */
+    memset( &asioDriverInfo, 0, sizeof(ASIODriverInfo) );
+    asioDriverInfo.asioVersion = 2;
+    asioDriverInfo.sysRef = systemSpecific;
+    asioError = ASIOInit( &asioDriverInfo );
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        goto error;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        asioIsInitialized = 1;
+    }
+
+PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_ShowControlPanel: ASIOInit(): %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+PA_DEBUG(("asioVersion: ASIOInit(): %ld\n",   asioDriverInfo.asioVersion ));
+PA_DEBUG(("driverVersion: ASIOInit(): %ld\n", asioDriverInfo.driverVersion ));
+PA_DEBUG(("Name: ASIOInit(): %s\n",           asioDriverInfo.name ));
+PA_DEBUG(("ErrorMessage: ASIOInit(): %s\n",   asioDriverInfo.errorMessage ));
+
+    asioError = ASIOControlPanel();
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_ShowControlPanel: ASIOControlPanel(): %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_ShowControlPanel: ASIOControlPanel(): %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+
+    asioError = ASIOExit();
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        asioIsInitialized = 0;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_ShowControlPanel: ASIOExit(): %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    if( asioIsInitialized )
+    {
+        ASIOExit();
+    }
+
+    PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize( paASIO, &comInitializationResult );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError PaAsio_GetInputChannelName( PaDeviceIndex device, int channelIndex,
+        const char** channelName )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi;
+    PaDeviceIndex hostApiDevice;
+    PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo;
+
+
+    result = PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( &hostApi, paASIO );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    result = PaUtil_DeviceIndexToHostApiDeviceIndex( &hostApiDevice, device, hostApi );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    asioDeviceInfo = (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[hostApiDevice];
+
+    if( channelIndex < 0 || channelIndex >= asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo.maxInputChannels ){
+        result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    *channelName = asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[channelIndex].name;
+
+    return paNoError;
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError PaAsio_GetOutputChannelName( PaDeviceIndex device, int channelIndex,
+        const char** channelName )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi;
+    PaDeviceIndex hostApiDevice;
+    PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo;
+
+
+    result = PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( &hostApi, paASIO );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    result = PaUtil_DeviceIndexToHostApiDeviceIndex( &hostApiDevice, device, hostApi );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    asioDeviceInfo = (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[hostApiDevice];
+
+    if( channelIndex < 0 || channelIndex >= asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo.maxOutputChannels ){
+        result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    *channelName = asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[
+            asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo.maxInputChannels + channelIndex].name;
+
+    return paNoError;
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/* NOTE: the following functions are ASIO-stream specific, and are called directly
+    by client code. We need to check for many more error conditions here because
+    we don't have the benefit of pa_front.c's parameter checking.
+*/
+
+static PaError GetAsioStreamPointer( PaAsioStream **stream, PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi;
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi;
+
+    result = PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( s );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        return result;
+
+    result = PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( &hostApi, paASIO );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        return result;
+
+    asioHostApi = (PaAsioHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+
+    if( PA_STREAM_REP( s )->streamInterface == &asioHostApi->callbackStreamInterface
+            || PA_STREAM_REP( s )->streamInterface == &asioHostApi->blockingStreamInterface )
+    {
+        /* s is an ASIO  stream */
+        *stream = (PaAsioStream *)s;
+        return paNoError;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return paIncompatibleStreamHostApi;
+    }
+}
+
+
+PaError PaAsio_SetStreamSampleRate( PaStream* s, double sampleRate )
+{
+    PaAsioStream *stream;
+    PaError result = GetAsioStreamPointer( &stream, s );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        return result;
+
+    if( stream != theAsioStream )
+        return paBadStreamPtr;
+
+    return ValidateAndSetSampleRate( sampleRate );
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/coreaudio/pa_mac_core.c b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/coreaudio/pa_mac_core.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aaa5bf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/coreaudio/pa_mac_core.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2847 @@
+/*
+ * Implementation of the PortAudio API for Apple AUHAL
+ *
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * Latest Version at: http://www.portaudio.com
+ *
+ * Written by Bjorn Roche of XO Audio LLC, from PA skeleton code.
+ * Portions copied from code by Dominic Mazzoni (who wrote a HAL implementation)
+ *
+ * Dominic's code was based on code by Phil Burk, Darren Gibbs,
+ * Gord Peters, Stephane Letz, and Greg Pfiel.
+ *
+ * The following people also deserve acknowledgements:
+ *
+ * Olivier Tristan for feedback and testing
+ * Glenn Zelniker and Z-Systems engineering for sponsoring the Blocking I/O
+ * interface.
+ *
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/**
+ @file pa_mac_core
+ @ingroup hostapi_src
+ @author Bjorn Roche
+ @brief AUHAL implementation of PortAudio
+*/
+
+/* FIXME: not all error conditions call PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo()
+ * PaMacCore_SetError() will do this.
+ */
+
+#include "pa_mac_core_internal.h"
+
+#include <string.h> /* strlen(), memcmp() etc. */
+#include <libkern/OSAtomic.h>
+
+#include "pa_mac_core.h"
+#include "pa_mac_core_utilities.h"
+#include "pa_mac_core_blocking.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+/* This is a reasonable size for a small buffer based on experience. */
+#define PA_MAC_SMALL_BUFFER_SIZE    (64)
+
+/* prototypes for functions declared in this file */
+PaError PaMacCore_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+
+/*
+ * Function declared in pa_mac_core.h. Sets up a PaMacCoreStreamInfoStruct
+ * with the requested flags and initializes channel map.
+ */
+void PaMacCore_SetupStreamInfo(  PaMacCoreStreamInfo *data, const unsigned long flags )
+{
+    bzero( data, sizeof( PaMacCoreStreamInfo ) );
+    data->size = sizeof( PaMacCoreStreamInfo );
+    data->hostApiType = paCoreAudio;
+    data->version = 0x01;
+    data->flags = flags;
+    data->channelMap = NULL;
+    data->channelMapSize = 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Function declared in pa_mac_core.h. Adds channel mapping to a PaMacCoreStreamInfoStruct
+ */
+void PaMacCore_SetupChannelMap( PaMacCoreStreamInfo *data, const SInt32 * const channelMap, const unsigned long channelMapSize )
+{
+    data->channelMap = channelMap;
+    data->channelMapSize = channelMapSize;
+}
+static char *channelName = NULL;
+static int channelNameSize = 0;
+static bool ensureChannelNameSize( int size )
+{
+    if( size >= channelNameSize ) {
+        free( channelName );
+        channelName = (char *) malloc( ( channelNameSize = size ) + 1 );
+        if( !channelName ) {
+            channelNameSize = 0;
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+/*
+ * Function declared in pa_mac_core.h. retrieves channel names.
+ */
+const char *PaMacCore_GetChannelName( int device, int channelIndex, bool input )
+{
+    struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi;
+    PaError err;
+    OSStatus error;
+    err = PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( &hostApi, paCoreAudio );
+    assert(err == paNoError);
+    if( err != paNoError )
+        return NULL;
+    PaMacAUHAL *macCoreHostApi = (PaMacAUHAL*)hostApi;
+    AudioDeviceID hostApiDevice = macCoreHostApi->devIds[device];
+    CFStringRef nameRef;
+
+    /* First try with CFString */
+    UInt32 size = sizeof(nameRef);
+    error = PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty( hostApiDevice,
+                                              channelIndex + 1,
+                                              input,
+                                              kAudioDevicePropertyChannelNameCFString,
+                                              &size,
+                                              &nameRef );
+    if( error )
+    {
+        /* try the C String */
+        size = 0;
+        error = PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetPropertySize( hostApiDevice,
+                                                      channelIndex + 1,
+                                                      input,
+                                                      kAudioDevicePropertyChannelName,
+                                                      &size );
+        if( !error )
+        {
+            if( !ensureChannelNameSize( size ) )
+                return NULL;
+
+            error = PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty( hostApiDevice,
+                                                      channelIndex + 1,
+                                                      input,
+                                                      kAudioDevicePropertyChannelName,
+                                                      &size,
+                                                      channelName );
+
+
+            if( !error )
+                return channelName;
+        }
+
+        /* as a last-ditch effort, we use the device name and append the channel number. */
+        nameRef = CFStringCreateWithFormat( NULL, NULL, CFSTR( "%s: %d"), hostApi->deviceInfos[device]->name, channelIndex + 1 );
+
+
+        size = CFStringGetMaximumSizeForEncoding(CFStringGetLength(nameRef), kCFStringEncodingUTF8);;
+        if( !ensureChannelNameSize( size ) )
+        {
+            CFRelease( nameRef );
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        CFStringGetCString( nameRef, channelName, size+1, kCFStringEncodingUTF8 );
+        CFRelease( nameRef );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        size = CFStringGetMaximumSizeForEncoding(CFStringGetLength(nameRef), kCFStringEncodingUTF8);;
+        if( !ensureChannelNameSize( size ) )
+        {
+            CFRelease( nameRef );
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        CFStringGetCString( nameRef, channelName, size+1, kCFStringEncodingUTF8 );
+        CFRelease( nameRef );
+    }
+
+    return channelName;
+}
+
+
+PaError PaMacCore_GetBufferSizeRange( PaDeviceIndex device,
+                                      long *minBufferSizeFrames, long *maxBufferSizeFrames )
+{
+    PaError result;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi;
+
+    result = PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( &hostApi, paCoreAudio );
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+    {
+        PaDeviceIndex hostApiDeviceIndex;
+        result = PaUtil_DeviceIndexToHostApiDeviceIndex( &hostApiDeviceIndex, device, hostApi );
+        if( result == paNoError )
+        {
+            PaMacAUHAL *macCoreHostApi = (PaMacAUHAL*)hostApi;
+            AudioDeviceID macCoreDeviceId = macCoreHostApi->devIds[hostApiDeviceIndex];
+            AudioValueRange audioRange;
+            UInt32 propSize = sizeof( audioRange );
+
+            // return the size range for the output scope unless we only have inputs
+            Boolean isInput = 0;
+            if( macCoreHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep.deviceInfos[hostApiDeviceIndex]->maxOutputChannels == 0 )
+                isInput = 1;
+
+            result = WARNING(PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty( macCoreDeviceId, 0, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSizeRange, &propSize, &audioRange ) );
+
+            *minBufferSizeFrames = audioRange.mMinimum;
+            *maxBufferSizeFrames = audioRange.mMaximum;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+AudioDeviceID PaMacCore_GetStreamInputDevice( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaMacCoreStream *stream = (PaMacCoreStream*)s;
+    VVDBUG(("PaMacCore_GetStreamInputHandle()\n"));
+
+    return ( stream->inputDevice );
+}
+
+AudioDeviceID PaMacCore_GetStreamOutputDevice( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaMacCoreStream *stream = (PaMacCoreStream*)s;
+    VVDBUG(("PaMacCore_GetStreamOutputHandle()\n"));
+
+    return ( stream->outputDevice );
+}
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#define RING_BUFFER_ADVANCE_DENOMINATOR (4)
+
+static void Terminate( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi );
+static PaError IsFormatSupported( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                  double sampleRate );
+static PaError OpenStream( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                           PaStream** s,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                           double sampleRate,
+                           unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                           PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                           PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                           void *userData );
+static PaError CloseStream( PaStream* stream );
+static PaError StartStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError StopStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError AbortStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError IsStreamStopped( PaStream *s );
+static PaError IsStreamActive( PaStream *stream );
+static PaTime GetStreamTime( PaStream *stream );
+static OSStatus AudioIOProc( void *inRefCon,
+                             AudioUnitRenderActionFlags *ioActionFlags,
+                             const AudioTimeStamp *inTimeStamp,
+                             UInt32 inBusNumber,
+                             UInt32 inNumberFrames,
+                             AudioBufferList *ioData );
+static double GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream* stream );
+
+static PaError GetChannelInfo( PaMacAUHAL *auhalHostApi,
+                               PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo,
+                               AudioDeviceID macCoreDeviceId,
+                               int isInput);
+
+static PaError OpenAndSetupOneAudioUnit( const PaMacCoreStream *stream,
+                                         const PaStreamParameters *inStreamParams,
+                                         const PaStreamParameters *outStreamParams,
+                                         const UInt32 requestedFramesPerBuffer,
+                                         UInt32 *actualInputFramesPerBuffer,
+                                         UInt32 *actualOutputFramesPerBuffer,
+                                         const PaMacAUHAL *auhalHostApi,
+                                         AudioUnit *audioUnit,
+                                         AudioConverterRef *srConverter,
+                                         AudioDeviceID *audioDevice,
+                                         const double sampleRate,
+                                         void *refCon );
+
+/* for setting errors. */
+#define PA_AUHAL_SET_LAST_HOST_ERROR( errorCode, errorText ) \
+    PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( paCoreAudio, errorCode, errorText )
+
+/*
+ * Callback called when starting or stopping a stream.
+ */
+static void startStopCallback(
+    void *               inRefCon,
+    AudioUnit            ci,
+    AudioUnitPropertyID  inID,
+    AudioUnitScope       inScope,
+    AudioUnitElement     inElement )
+{
+    PaMacCoreStream *stream = (PaMacCoreStream *) inRefCon;
+    UInt32 isRunning;
+    UInt32 size = sizeof( isRunning );
+    OSStatus err;
+    err = AudioUnitGetProperty( ci, kAudioOutputUnitProperty_IsRunning, inScope, inElement, &isRunning, &size );
+    assert( !err );
+    if( err )
+        isRunning = false; //it's very unclear what to do in case of error here. There's no real way to notify the user, and crashing seems unreasonable.
+    if( isRunning )
+        return; //We are only interested in when we are stopping
+    // -- if we are using 2 I/O units, we only need one notification!
+    if( stream->inputUnit && stream->outputUnit && stream->inputUnit != stream->outputUnit && ci == stream->inputUnit )
+        return;
+    PaStreamFinishedCallback *sfc = stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback;
+    if( stream->state == STOPPING )
+        stream->state = STOPPED ;
+    if( sfc )
+        sfc( stream->streamRepresentation.userData );
+}
+
+
+/*currently, this is only used in initialization, but it might be modified
+  to be used when the list of devices changes.*/
+static PaError gatherDeviceInfo(PaMacAUHAL *auhalHostApi)
+{
+    UInt32 size;
+    UInt32 propsize;
+    VVDBUG(("gatherDeviceInfo()\n"));
+    /* -- free any previous allocations -- */
+    if( auhalHostApi->devIds )
+        PaUtil_GroupFreeMemory(auhalHostApi->allocations, auhalHostApi->devIds);
+    auhalHostApi->devIds = NULL;
+
+    /* -- figure out how many devices there are -- */
+    PaMacCore_AudioHardwareGetPropertySize( kAudioHardwarePropertyDevices,
+                                            &propsize);
+    auhalHostApi->devCount = propsize / sizeof( AudioDeviceID );
+
+    VDBUG( ( "Found %ld device(s).\n", auhalHostApi->devCount ) );
+
+    /* -- copy the device IDs -- */
+    auhalHostApi->devIds = (AudioDeviceID *)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                               auhalHostApi->allocations,
+                               propsize );
+    if( !auhalHostApi->devIds )
+        return paInsufficientMemory;
+    PaMacCore_AudioHardwareGetProperty( kAudioHardwarePropertyDevices,
+                                        &propsize,
+                                        auhalHostApi->devIds );
+#ifdef MAC_CORE_VERBOSE_DEBUG
+    {
+        int i;
+        for( i=0; i<auhalHostApi->devCount; ++i )
+            printf( "Device %d\t: %ld\n", i, (long)auhalHostApi->devIds[i] );
+    }
+#endif
+
+    size = sizeof(AudioDeviceID);
+    auhalHostApi->defaultIn  = kAudioDeviceUnknown;
+    auhalHostApi->defaultOut = kAudioDeviceUnknown;
+
+    /* determine the default device. */
+    /* I am not sure how these calls to AudioHardwareGetProperty()
+       could fail, but in case they do, we use the first available
+       device as the default. */
+    if( 0 != PaMacCore_AudioHardwareGetProperty(kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultInputDevice,
+            &size,
+            &auhalHostApi->defaultIn) ) {
+        int i;
+        auhalHostApi->defaultIn  = kAudioDeviceUnknown;
+        VDBUG(("Failed to get default input device from OS."));
+        VDBUG((" I will substitute the first available input Device."));
+        for( i=0; i<auhalHostApi->devCount; ++i ) {
+            PaDeviceInfo devInfo;
+            if( 0 != GetChannelInfo( auhalHostApi, &devInfo,
+                                     auhalHostApi->devIds[i], TRUE ) )
+                if( devInfo.maxInputChannels ) {
+                    auhalHostApi->defaultIn = auhalHostApi->devIds[i];
+                    break;
+                }
+        }
+    }
+    if( 0 != PaMacCore_AudioHardwareGetProperty(kAudioHardwarePropertyDefaultOutputDevice,
+            &size,
+            &auhalHostApi->defaultOut) ) {
+        int i;
+        auhalHostApi->defaultIn  = kAudioDeviceUnknown;
+        VDBUG(("Failed to get default output device from OS."));
+        VDBUG((" I will substitute the first available output Device."));
+        for( i=0; i<auhalHostApi->devCount; ++i ) {
+            PaDeviceInfo devInfo;
+            if( 0 != GetChannelInfo( auhalHostApi, &devInfo,
+                                     auhalHostApi->devIds[i], FALSE ) )
+                if( devInfo.maxOutputChannels ) {
+                    auhalHostApi->defaultOut = auhalHostApi->devIds[i];
+                    break;
+                }
+        }
+    }
+
+    VDBUG( ( "Default in : %ld\n", (long)auhalHostApi->defaultIn  ) );
+    VDBUG( ( "Default out: %ld\n", (long)auhalHostApi->defaultOut ) );
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+/* =================================================================================================== */
+/**
+ * @internal
+ * @brief Clip the desired size against the allowed IO buffer size range for the device.
+ */
+static PaError ClipToDeviceBufferSize( AudioDeviceID macCoreDeviceId,
+                                       int isInput, UInt32 desiredSize, UInt32 *allowedSize )
+{
+    UInt32 resultSize = desiredSize;
+    AudioValueRange audioRange;
+    UInt32 propSize = sizeof( audioRange );
+    PaError err = WARNING(PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty( macCoreDeviceId, 0, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSizeRange, &propSize, &audioRange ) );
+    resultSize = MAX( resultSize, audioRange.mMinimum );
+    resultSize = MIN( resultSize, audioRange.mMaximum );
+    *allowedSize = resultSize;
+    return err;
+}
+
+/* =================================================================================================== */
+#if 0
+static void DumpDeviceProperties( AudioDeviceID macCoreDeviceId,
+                                  int isInput )
+{
+    PaError err;
+    int i;
+    UInt32 propSize;
+    UInt32 deviceLatency;
+    UInt32 streamLatency;
+    UInt32 bufferFrames;
+    UInt32 safetyOffset;
+    AudioStreamID streamIDs[128];
+    AudioValueRange audioRange;
+
+    printf("\n======= latency query : macCoreDeviceId = %d, isInput %d =======\n", (int)macCoreDeviceId, isInput );
+
+    propSize = sizeof(UInt32);
+    bufferFrames = 0;
+    err = WARNING(AudioDeviceGetProperty(macCoreDeviceId, 0, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize, &propSize, &bufferFrames));
+    printf("kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize: err = %d, propSize = %d, value = %d\n", err, propSize, bufferFrames );
+
+    propSize = sizeof(UInt32);
+    safetyOffset = 0;
+    err = WARNING(AudioDeviceGetProperty(macCoreDeviceId, 0, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertySafetyOffset, &propSize, &safetyOffset));
+    printf("kAudioDevicePropertySafetyOffset: err = %d, propSize = %d, value = %d\n", err, propSize, safetyOffset );
+
+    propSize = sizeof(UInt32);
+    deviceLatency = 0;
+    err = WARNING(AudioDeviceGetProperty(macCoreDeviceId, 0, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyLatency, &propSize, &deviceLatency));
+    printf("kAudioDevicePropertyLatency: err = %d, propSize = %d, value = %d\n", err, propSize, deviceLatency );
+
+    propSize = sizeof( audioRange );
+    err = WARNING(AudioDeviceGetProperty( macCoreDeviceId, 0, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSizeRange, &propSize, &audioRange ) );
+    printf("kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSizeRange: err = %d, propSize = %u, minimum = %g\n", err, propSize, audioRange.mMinimum);
+    printf("kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSizeRange: err = %d, propSize = %u, maximum = %g\n", err, propSize, audioRange.mMaximum );
+
+    /* Get the streams from the device and query their latency. */
+    propSize = sizeof(streamIDs);
+    err  = WARNING(AudioDeviceGetProperty(macCoreDeviceId, 0, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyStreams, &propSize, &streamIDs[0]));
+    int numStreams = propSize / sizeof(AudioStreamID);
+    for( i=0; i<numStreams; i++ )
+    {
+        printf("Stream #%d = %d---------------------- \n", i, streamIDs[i] );
+
+        propSize = sizeof(UInt32);
+        streamLatency = 0;
+        err  = WARNING(PaMacCore_AudioStreamGetProperty(streamIDs[i], 0, kAudioStreamPropertyLatency, &propSize, &streamLatency));
+        printf("  kAudioStreamPropertyLatency: err = %d, propSize = %d, value = %d\n", err, propSize, streamLatency );
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+/* =================================================================================================== */
+/**
+ * @internal
+ * Calculate the fixed latency from the system and the device.
+ * Sum of kAudioStreamPropertyLatency +
+ *        kAudioDevicePropertySafetyOffset +
+ *        kAudioDevicePropertyLatency
+ *
+ * Some useful info from Jeff Moore on latency.
+ * http://osdir.com/ml/coreaudio-api/2010-01/msg00046.html
+ * http://osdir.com/ml/coreaudio-api/2009-07/msg00140.html
+ */
+static PaError CalculateFixedDeviceLatency( AudioDeviceID macCoreDeviceId, int isInput, UInt32 *fixedLatencyPtr )
+{
+    PaError err;
+    UInt32 propSize;
+    UInt32 deviceLatency;
+    UInt32 streamLatency;
+    UInt32 safetyOffset;
+    AudioStreamID streamIDs[1];
+
+    // To get stream latency we have to get a streamID from the device.
+    // We are only going to look at the first stream so only fetch one stream.
+    propSize = sizeof(streamIDs);
+    err  = WARNING(PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty(macCoreDeviceId, 0, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyStreams, &propSize, &streamIDs[0]));
+    if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
+    streamLatency = 0;
+    if( propSize == sizeof(AudioStreamID) )
+    {
+        propSize = sizeof(UInt32);
+        err  = WARNING(PaMacCore_AudioStreamGetProperty(streamIDs[0], 0, kAudioStreamPropertyLatency, &propSize, &streamLatency));
+    }
+
+    propSize = sizeof(UInt32);
+    safetyOffset = 0;
+    err = WARNING(PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty(macCoreDeviceId, 0, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertySafetyOffset, &propSize, &safetyOffset));
+    if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
+
+    propSize = sizeof(UInt32);
+    deviceLatency = 0;
+    err = WARNING(PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty(macCoreDeviceId, 0, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyLatency, &propSize, &deviceLatency));
+    if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
+
+    *fixedLatencyPtr = deviceLatency + streamLatency + safetyOffset;
+    return err;
+error:
+    return err;
+}
+
+/* =================================================================================================== */
+static PaError CalculateDefaultDeviceLatencies( AudioDeviceID macCoreDeviceId,
+                                                int isInput, UInt32 *lowLatencyFramesPtr,
+                                                UInt32 *highLatencyFramesPtr )
+{
+    UInt32 propSize;
+    UInt32 bufferFrames = 0;
+    UInt32 fixedLatency = 0;
+    UInt32 clippedMinBufferSize = 0;
+
+    //DumpDeviceProperties( macCoreDeviceId, isInput );
+
+    PaError err = CalculateFixedDeviceLatency( macCoreDeviceId, isInput, &fixedLatency );
+    if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
+
+    // For low latency use a small fixed size buffer clipped to the device range.
+    err = ClipToDeviceBufferSize( macCoreDeviceId, isInput, PA_MAC_SMALL_BUFFER_SIZE, &clippedMinBufferSize );
+    if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
+
+    // For high latency use the default device buffer size.
+    propSize = sizeof(UInt32);
+    err = WARNING(PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty(macCoreDeviceId, 0, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize, &propSize, &bufferFrames));
+    if( err != paNoError ) goto error;
+
+    *lowLatencyFramesPtr = fixedLatency + clippedMinBufferSize;
+    *highLatencyFramesPtr = fixedLatency + bufferFrames;
+
+    return err;
+error:
+    return err;
+}
+
+/* =================================================================================================== */
+
+static PaError GetChannelInfo( PaMacAUHAL *auhalHostApi,
+                               PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo,
+                               AudioDeviceID macCoreDeviceId,
+                               int isInput)
+{
+    UInt32 propSize;
+    PaError err = paNoError;
+    UInt32 i;
+    int numChannels = 0;
+    AudioBufferList *buflist = NULL;
+
+    VVDBUG(("GetChannelInfo()\n"));
+
+    /* Get the number of channels from the stream configuration.
+       Fail if we can't get this. */
+
+    err = ERR(PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetPropertySize(macCoreDeviceId, 0, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyStreamConfiguration, &propSize));
+    if (err)
+        return err;
+
+    buflist = PaUtil_AllocateMemory(propSize);
+    if( !buflist )
+        return paInsufficientMemory;
+    err = ERR(PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty(macCoreDeviceId, 0, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyStreamConfiguration, &propSize, buflist));
+    if (err)
+        goto error;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < buflist->mNumberBuffers; ++i)
+        numChannels += buflist->mBuffers[i].mNumberChannels;
+
+    if (isInput)
+        deviceInfo->maxInputChannels = numChannels;
+    else
+        deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels = numChannels;
+
+    if (numChannels > 0) /* do not try to retrieve the latency if there are no channels. */
+    {
+        /* Get the latency.  Don't fail if we can't get this. */
+        /* default to something reasonable */
+        deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency = .01;
+        deviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency = .10;
+        deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency = .01;
+        deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency = .10;
+        UInt32 lowLatencyFrames = 0;
+        UInt32 highLatencyFrames = 0;
+        err = CalculateDefaultDeviceLatencies( macCoreDeviceId, isInput, &lowLatencyFrames, &highLatencyFrames );
+        if( err == 0 )
+        {
+
+            double lowLatencySeconds = lowLatencyFrames / deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate;
+            double highLatencySeconds = highLatencyFrames / deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate;
+            if (isInput)
+            {
+                deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency = lowLatencySeconds;
+                deviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency = highLatencySeconds;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency = lowLatencySeconds;
+                deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency = highLatencySeconds;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( buflist );
+    return paNoError;
+error:
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( buflist );
+    return err;
+}
+
+/* =================================================================================================== */
+static PaError InitializeDeviceInfo( PaMacAUHAL *auhalHostApi,
+                                     PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo,
+                                     AudioDeviceID macCoreDeviceId,
+                                     PaHostApiIndex hostApiIndex )
+{
+    Float64 sampleRate;
+    char *name;
+    PaError err = paNoError;
+    CFStringRef nameRef;
+    UInt32 propSize;
+
+    VVDBUG(("InitializeDeviceInfo(): macCoreDeviceId=%ld\n", macCoreDeviceId));
+
+    memset(deviceInfo, 0, sizeof(PaDeviceInfo));
+
+    deviceInfo->structVersion = 2;
+    deviceInfo->hostApi = hostApiIndex;
+
+    /* Get the device name using CFString */
+    propSize = sizeof(nameRef);
+    err = ERR(PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty(macCoreDeviceId, 0, 0, kAudioDevicePropertyDeviceNameCFString, &propSize, &nameRef));
+    if (err)
+    {
+        /* Get the device name using c string.  Fail if we can't get it. */
+        err = ERR(PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetPropertySize(macCoreDeviceId, 0, 0, kAudioDevicePropertyDeviceName, &propSize));
+        if (err)
+            return err;
+
+        name = PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(auhalHostApi->allocations,propSize+1);
+        if ( !name )
+            return paInsufficientMemory;
+        err = ERR(PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty(macCoreDeviceId, 0, 0, kAudioDevicePropertyDeviceName, &propSize, name));
+        if (err)
+            return err;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* valid CFString so we just allocate a c string big enough to contain the data */
+        propSize = CFStringGetMaximumSizeForEncoding(CFStringGetLength(nameRef), kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
+        name = PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(auhalHostApi->allocations, propSize+1);
+        if ( !name )
+        {
+            CFRelease(nameRef);
+            return paInsufficientMemory;
+        }
+        CFStringGetCString(nameRef, name, propSize+1, kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
+        CFRelease(nameRef);
+    }
+    deviceInfo->name = name;
+
+    /* Try to get the default sample rate.  Don't fail if we can't get this. */
+    propSize = sizeof(Float64);
+    err = ERR(PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty(macCoreDeviceId, 0, 0, kAudioDevicePropertyNominalSampleRate, &propSize, &sampleRate));
+    if (err)
+        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 0.0;
+    else
+        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = sampleRate;
+
+    /* Get the maximum number of input and output channels.  Fail if we can't get this. */
+
+    err = GetChannelInfo(auhalHostApi, deviceInfo, macCoreDeviceId, 1);
+    if (err)
+        return err;
+
+    err = GetChannelInfo(auhalHostApi, deviceInfo, macCoreDeviceId, 0);
+    if (err)
+        return err;
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+PaError PaMacCore_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex hostApiIndex )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    int i;
+    PaMacAUHAL *auhalHostApi = NULL;
+    PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfoArray;
+    int unixErr;
+
+    VVDBUG(("PaMacCore_Initialize(): hostApiIndex=%d\n", hostApiIndex));
+
+    CFRunLoopRef theRunLoop = NULL;
+    AudioObjectPropertyAddress theAddress = { kAudioHardwarePropertyRunLoop, kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal, kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster };
+    OSStatus osErr = AudioObjectSetPropertyData (kAudioObjectSystemObject, &theAddress, 0, NULL, sizeof(CFRunLoopRef), &theRunLoop);
+    if (osErr != noErr) {
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    unixErr = initializeXRunListenerList();
+    if( 0 != unixErr ) {
+        return UNIX_ERR(unixErr);
+    }
+
+    auhalHostApi = (PaMacAUHAL*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaMacAUHAL) );
+    if( !auhalHostApi )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    auhalHostApi->allocations = PaUtil_CreateAllocationGroup();
+    if( !auhalHostApi->allocations )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    auhalHostApi->devIds = NULL;
+    auhalHostApi->devCount = 0;
+
+    /* get the info we need about the devices */
+    result = gatherDeviceInfo( auhalHostApi );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    *hostApi = &auhalHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep;
+    (*hostApi)->info.structVersion = 1;
+    (*hostApi)->info.type = paCoreAudio;
+    (*hostApi)->info.name = "Core Audio";
+
+    (*hostApi)->info.defaultInputDevice = paNoDevice;
+    (*hostApi)->info.defaultOutputDevice = paNoDevice;
+
+    (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount = 0;
+
+    if( auhalHostApi->devCount > 0 )
+    {
+        (*hostApi)->deviceInfos = (PaDeviceInfo**)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                auhalHostApi->allocations, sizeof(PaDeviceInfo*) * auhalHostApi->devCount);
+        if( !(*hostApi)->deviceInfos )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* allocate all device info structs in a contiguous block */
+        deviceInfoArray = (PaDeviceInfo*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                auhalHostApi->allocations, sizeof(PaDeviceInfo) * auhalHostApi->devCount );
+        if( !deviceInfoArray )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        for( i=0; i < auhalHostApi->devCount; ++i )
+        {
+            int err;
+            err = InitializeDeviceInfo( auhalHostApi, &deviceInfoArray[i],
+                                        auhalHostApi->devIds[i],
+                                        hostApiIndex );
+            if (err == paNoError)
+            {   /* copy some info and set the defaults */
+                (*hostApi)->deviceInfos[(*hostApi)->info.deviceCount] = &deviceInfoArray[i];
+                if (auhalHostApi->devIds[i] == auhalHostApi->defaultIn)
+                    (*hostApi)->info.defaultInputDevice = (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount;
+                if (auhalHostApi->devIds[i] == auhalHostApi->defaultOut)
+                    (*hostApi)->info.defaultOutputDevice = (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount;
+                (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount++;
+            }
+            else
+            {   /* there was an error. we need to shift the devices down, so we ignore this one */
+                int j;
+                auhalHostApi->devCount--;
+                for( j=i; j<auhalHostApi->devCount; ++j )
+                    auhalHostApi->devIds[j] = auhalHostApi->devIds[j+1];
+                i--;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    (*hostApi)->Terminate = Terminate;
+    (*hostApi)->OpenStream = OpenStream;
+    (*hostApi)->IsFormatSupported = IsFormatSupported;
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( &auhalHostApi->callbackStreamInterface,
+                                      CloseStream, StartStream,
+                                      StopStream, AbortStream, IsStreamStopped,
+                                      IsStreamActive,
+                                      GetStreamTime, GetStreamCpuLoad,
+                                      PaUtil_DummyRead, PaUtil_DummyWrite,
+                                      PaUtil_DummyGetReadAvailable,
+                                      PaUtil_DummyGetWriteAvailable );
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( &auhalHostApi->blockingStreamInterface,
+                                      CloseStream, StartStream,
+                                      StopStream, AbortStream, IsStreamStopped,
+                                      IsStreamActive,
+                                      GetStreamTime, PaUtil_DummyGetCpuLoad,
+                                      ReadStream, WriteStream,
+                                      GetStreamReadAvailable,
+                                      GetStreamWriteAvailable );
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    if( auhalHostApi )
+    {
+        if( auhalHostApi->allocations )
+        {
+            PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations( auhalHostApi->allocations );
+            PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup( auhalHostApi->allocations );
+        }
+
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( auhalHostApi );
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static void Terminate( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi )
+{
+    int unixErr;
+
+    PaMacAUHAL *auhalHostApi = (PaMacAUHAL*)hostApi;
+
+    VVDBUG(("Terminate()\n"));
+
+    unixErr = destroyXRunListenerList();
+    if( 0 != unixErr )
+        UNIX_ERR(unixErr);
+
+    /*
+        IMPLEMENT ME:
+            - clean up any resources not handled by the allocation group
+        TODO: Double check that everything is handled by alloc group
+    */
+
+    if( auhalHostApi->allocations )
+    {
+        PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations( auhalHostApi->allocations );
+        PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup( auhalHostApi->allocations );
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( auhalHostApi );
+}
+
+
+static PaError IsFormatSupported( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                  double sampleRate )
+{
+    int inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount;
+    PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat, outputSampleFormat;
+
+    VVDBUG(("IsFormatSupported(): in chan=%d, in fmt=%ld, out chan=%d, out fmt=%ld sampleRate=%g\n",
+            inputParameters  ? inputParameters->channelCount  : -1,
+            inputParameters  ? inputParameters->sampleFormat  : -1,
+            outputParameters ? outputParameters->channelCount : -1,
+            outputParameters ? outputParameters->sampleFormat : -1,
+            (float) sampleRate ));
+
+    /** These first checks are standard PA checks. We do some fancier checks
+        later. */
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = inputParameters->channelCount;
+        inputSampleFormat = inputParameters->sampleFormat;
+
+        /* all standard sample formats are supported by the buffer adapter,
+            this implementation doesn't support any custom sample formats */
+        if( inputSampleFormat & paCustomFormat )
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+
+        if( inputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        /* check that input device can support inputChannelCount */
+        if( inputChannelCount > hostApi->deviceInfos[ inputParameters->device ]->maxInputChannels )
+            return paInvalidChannelCount;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = outputParameters->channelCount;
+        outputSampleFormat = outputParameters->sampleFormat;
+
+        /* all standard sample formats are supported by the buffer adapter,
+            this implementation doesn't support any custom sample formats */
+        if( outputSampleFormat & paCustomFormat )
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+
+        if( outputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        /* check that output device can support outputChannelCount */
+        if( outputChannelCount > hostApi->deviceInfos[ outputParameters->device ]->maxOutputChannels )
+            return paInvalidChannelCount;
+
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = 0;
+    }
+
+    /* FEEDBACK */
+    /*        I think the only way to check a given format SR combo is     */
+    /*        to try opening it. This could be disruptive, is that Okay?   */
+    /*        The alternative is to just read off available sample rates,  */
+    /*        but this will not work %100 of the time (eg, a device that   */
+    /*        supports N output at one rate but only N/2 at a higher rate.)*/
+
+    /* The following code opens the device with the requested parameters to
+       see if it works. */
+    {
+        PaError err;
+        PaStream *s;
+        err = OpenStream( hostApi, &s, inputParameters, outputParameters,
+                          sampleRate, 1024, 0, (PaStreamCallback *)1, NULL );
+        if( err != paNoError && err != paInvalidSampleRate )
+            DBUG( ( "OpenStream @ %g returned: %d: %s\n",
+                    (float) sampleRate, err, Pa_GetErrorText( err ) ) );
+        if( err )
+            return err;
+        err = CloseStream( s );
+        if( err ) {
+            /* FEEDBACK: is this more serious? should we assert? */
+            DBUG( ( "WARNING: could not close Stream. %d: %s\n",
+                    err, Pa_GetErrorText( err ) ) );
+        }
+    }
+
+    return paFormatIsSupported;
+}
+
+/* ================================================================================= */
+static void InitializeDeviceProperties( PaMacCoreDeviceProperties *deviceProperties )
+{
+    memset( deviceProperties, 0, sizeof(PaMacCoreDeviceProperties) );
+    deviceProperties->sampleRate = 1.0; // Better than random. Overwritten by actual values later on.
+    deviceProperties->samplePeriod = 1.0 / deviceProperties->sampleRate;
+}
+
+static Float64 CalculateSoftwareLatencyFromProperties( PaMacCoreStream *stream, PaMacCoreDeviceProperties *deviceProperties )
+{
+    UInt32 latencyFrames = deviceProperties->bufferFrameSize + deviceProperties->deviceLatency + deviceProperties->safetyOffset;
+    return latencyFrames * deviceProperties->samplePeriod; // same as dividing by sampleRate but faster
+}
+
+static Float64 CalculateHardwareLatencyFromProperties( PaMacCoreStream *stream, PaMacCoreDeviceProperties *deviceProperties )
+{
+    return deviceProperties->deviceLatency * deviceProperties->samplePeriod; // same as dividing by sampleRate but faster
+}
+
+/* Calculate values used to convert Apple timestamps into PA timestamps
+ * from the device properties. The final results of this calculation
+ * will be used in the audio callback function.
+ */
+static void UpdateTimeStampOffsets( PaMacCoreStream *stream )
+{
+    Float64 inputSoftwareLatency = 0.0;
+    Float64 inputHardwareLatency = 0.0;
+    Float64 outputSoftwareLatency = 0.0;
+    Float64 outputHardwareLatency = 0.0;
+
+    if( stream->inputUnit != NULL )
+    {
+        inputSoftwareLatency = CalculateSoftwareLatencyFromProperties( stream, &stream->inputProperties );
+        inputHardwareLatency = CalculateHardwareLatencyFromProperties( stream, &stream->inputProperties );
+    }
+    if( stream->outputUnit != NULL )
+    {
+        outputSoftwareLatency = CalculateSoftwareLatencyFromProperties( stream, &stream->outputProperties );
+        outputHardwareLatency = CalculateHardwareLatencyFromProperties( stream, &stream->outputProperties );
+    }
+
+    /* We only need a mutex around setting these variables as a group. */
+    pthread_mutex_lock( &stream->timingInformationMutex );
+    stream->timestampOffsetCombined = inputSoftwareLatency + outputSoftwareLatency;
+    stream->timestampOffsetInputDevice = inputHardwareLatency;
+    stream->timestampOffsetOutputDevice = outputHardwareLatency;
+    pthread_mutex_unlock( &stream->timingInformationMutex );
+}
+
+/* ================================================================================= */
+
+/* can be used to update from nominal or actual sample rate */
+static OSStatus UpdateSampleRateFromDeviceProperty( PaMacCoreStream *stream, AudioDeviceID deviceID,
+                                                    Boolean isInput, AudioDevicePropertyID sampleRatePropertyID )
+{
+    PaMacCoreDeviceProperties * deviceProperties = isInput ? &stream->inputProperties : &stream->outputProperties;
+
+    Float64 sampleRate = 0.0;
+    UInt32 propSize = sizeof(Float64);
+    OSStatus osErr = PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty( deviceID, 0, isInput, sampleRatePropertyID, &propSize, &sampleRate);
+    if( (osErr == noErr) && (sampleRate > 1000.0) ) /* avoid divide by zero if there's an error */
+    {
+        deviceProperties->sampleRate = sampleRate;
+        deviceProperties->samplePeriod = 1.0 / sampleRate;
+    }
+    return osErr;
+}
+
+static OSStatus AudioDevicePropertyActualSampleRateListenerProc( AudioObjectID inDevice, UInt32 inNumberAddresses,
+                                                                 const AudioObjectPropertyAddress * inAddresses, void * inClientData )
+{
+    PaMacCoreStream *stream = (PaMacCoreStream*)inClientData;
+    bool isInput = inAddresses->mScope == kAudioDevicePropertyScopeInput;
+
+    // Make sure the callback is operating on a stream that is still valid!
+    assert( stream->streamRepresentation.magic == PA_STREAM_MAGIC );
+
+    OSStatus osErr = UpdateSampleRateFromDeviceProperty( stream, inDevice, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyActualSampleRate );
+    if( osErr == noErr )
+    {
+        UpdateTimeStampOffsets( stream );
+    }
+    return osErr;
+}
+
+/* ================================================================================= */
+static OSStatus QueryUInt32DeviceProperty( AudioDeviceID deviceID, Boolean isInput, AudioDevicePropertyID propertyID, UInt32 *outValue )
+{
+    UInt32 propertyValue = 0;
+    UInt32 propertySize = sizeof(UInt32);
+    OSStatus osErr = PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty( deviceID, 0, isInput, propertyID, &propertySize, &propertyValue);
+    if( osErr == noErr )
+    {
+        *outValue = propertyValue;
+    }
+    return osErr;
+}
+
+static OSStatus AudioDevicePropertyGenericListenerProc( AudioObjectID inDevice, UInt32 inNumberAddresses,
+                                                        const AudioObjectPropertyAddress * inAddresses, void * inClientData )
+{
+    OSStatus osErr = noErr;
+    PaMacCoreStream *stream = (PaMacCoreStream*)inClientData;
+    bool isInput = inAddresses->mScope == kAudioDevicePropertyScopeInput;
+    AudioDevicePropertyID inPropertyID = inAddresses->mSelector;
+
+    // Make sure the callback is operating on a stream that is still valid!
+    assert( stream->streamRepresentation.magic == PA_STREAM_MAGIC );
+
+    PaMacCoreDeviceProperties *deviceProperties = isInput ? &stream->inputProperties : &stream->outputProperties;
+    UInt32 *valuePtr = NULL;
+    switch( inPropertyID )
+    {
+    case kAudioDevicePropertySafetyOffset:
+        valuePtr = &deviceProperties->safetyOffset;
+        break;
+
+    case kAudioDevicePropertyLatency:
+        valuePtr = &deviceProperties->deviceLatency;
+        break;
+
+    case kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize:
+        valuePtr = &deviceProperties->bufferFrameSize;
+        break;
+    }
+    if( valuePtr != NULL )
+    {
+        osErr = QueryUInt32DeviceProperty( inDevice, isInput, inPropertyID, valuePtr );
+        if( osErr == noErr )
+        {
+            UpdateTimeStampOffsets( stream );
+        }
+    }
+    return osErr;
+}
+
+/* ================================================================================= */
+/*
+ * Setup listeners in case device properties change during the run. */
+static OSStatus SetupDevicePropertyListeners( PaMacCoreStream *stream, AudioDeviceID deviceID, Boolean isInput )
+{
+    OSStatus osErr = noErr;
+    PaMacCoreDeviceProperties *deviceProperties = isInput ? &stream->inputProperties : &stream->outputProperties;
+
+    if( (osErr = QueryUInt32DeviceProperty( deviceID, isInput,
+                                            kAudioDevicePropertyLatency, &deviceProperties->deviceLatency )) != noErr ) return osErr;
+    if( (osErr = QueryUInt32DeviceProperty( deviceID, isInput,
+                                            kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize, &deviceProperties->bufferFrameSize )) != noErr ) return osErr;
+    if( (osErr = QueryUInt32DeviceProperty( deviceID, isInput,
+                                            kAudioDevicePropertySafetyOffset, &deviceProperties->safetyOffset )) != noErr ) return osErr;
+
+    PaMacCore_AudioDeviceAddPropertyListener( deviceID, 0, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyActualSampleRate,
+            AudioDevicePropertyActualSampleRateListenerProc, stream );
+
+    PaMacCore_AudioDeviceAddPropertyListener( deviceID, 0, isInput, kAudioStreamPropertyLatency,
+            AudioDevicePropertyGenericListenerProc, stream );
+    PaMacCore_AudioDeviceAddPropertyListener( deviceID, 0, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize,
+            AudioDevicePropertyGenericListenerProc, stream );
+    PaMacCore_AudioDeviceAddPropertyListener( deviceID, 0, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertySafetyOffset,
+            AudioDevicePropertyGenericListenerProc, stream );
+
+    return osErr;
+}
+
+static void CleanupDevicePropertyListeners( PaMacCoreStream *stream, AudioDeviceID deviceID, Boolean isInput )
+{
+    PaMacCore_AudioDeviceRemovePropertyListener( deviceID, 0, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyActualSampleRate,
+            AudioDevicePropertyActualSampleRateListenerProc, stream );
+
+    PaMacCore_AudioDeviceRemovePropertyListener( deviceID, 0, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyLatency,
+            AudioDevicePropertyGenericListenerProc, stream );
+    PaMacCore_AudioDeviceRemovePropertyListener( deviceID, 0, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize,
+            AudioDevicePropertyGenericListenerProc, stream );
+    PaMacCore_AudioDeviceRemovePropertyListener( deviceID, 0, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertySafetyOffset,
+            AudioDevicePropertyGenericListenerProc, stream );
+}
+
+/* ================================================================================= */
+static PaError OpenAndSetupOneAudioUnit(
+        const PaMacCoreStream *stream,
+        const PaStreamParameters *inStreamParams,
+        const PaStreamParameters *outStreamParams,
+        const UInt32 requestedFramesPerBuffer,
+        UInt32 *actualInputFramesPerBuffer,
+        UInt32 *actualOutputFramesPerBuffer,
+        const PaMacAUHAL *auhalHostApi,
+        AudioUnit *audioUnit,
+        AudioConverterRef *srConverter,
+        AudioDeviceID *audioDevice,
+        const double sampleRate,
+        void *refCon )
+{
+    AudioComponentDescription desc;
+    AudioComponent comp;
+    /*An Apple TN suggests using CAStreamBasicDescription, but that is C++*/
+    AudioStreamBasicDescription desiredFormat;
+    OSStatus result = noErr;
+    PaError paResult = paNoError;
+    int line = 0;
+    UInt32 callbackKey;
+    AURenderCallbackStruct rcbs;
+    unsigned long macInputStreamFlags  = paMacCorePlayNice;
+    unsigned long macOutputStreamFlags = paMacCorePlayNice;
+    SInt32 const *inChannelMap = NULL;
+    SInt32 const *outChannelMap = NULL;
+    unsigned long inChannelMapSize = 0;
+    unsigned long outChannelMapSize = 0;
+
+    VVDBUG(("OpenAndSetupOneAudioUnit(): in chan=%d, in fmt=%ld, out chan=%d, out fmt=%ld, requestedFramesPerBuffer=%ld\n",
+            inStreamParams  ? inStreamParams->channelCount  : -1,
+            inStreamParams  ? inStreamParams->sampleFormat  : -1,
+            outStreamParams ? outStreamParams->channelCount : -1,
+            outStreamParams ? outStreamParams->sampleFormat : -1,
+            requestedFramesPerBuffer ));
+
+    /* -- handle the degenerate case  -- */
+    if( !inStreamParams && !outStreamParams ) {
+        *audioUnit = NULL;
+        *audioDevice = kAudioDeviceUnknown;
+        return paNoError;
+    }
+
+    /* -- get the user's api specific info, if they set any -- */
+    if( inStreamParams && inStreamParams->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo )
+    {
+        macInputStreamFlags=
+            ((PaMacCoreStreamInfo*)inStreamParams->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo)
+            ->flags;
+        inChannelMap = ((PaMacCoreStreamInfo*)inStreamParams->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo)->channelMap;
+        inChannelMapSize = ((PaMacCoreStreamInfo*)inStreamParams->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo)->channelMapSize;
+    }
+    if( outStreamParams && outStreamParams->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo )
+    {
+        macOutputStreamFlags=
+            ((PaMacCoreStreamInfo*)outStreamParams->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo)
+            ->flags;
+        outChannelMap = ((PaMacCoreStreamInfo*)outStreamParams->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo)->channelMap;
+        outChannelMapSize = ((PaMacCoreStreamInfo*)outStreamParams->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo)->channelMapSize;
+    }
+    /* Override user's flags here, if desired for testing. */
+
+    /*
+     * The HAL AU is a Mac OS style "component".
+     * the first few steps deal with that.
+     * Later steps work on a combination of Mac OS
+     * components and the slightly lower level
+     * HAL.
+     */
+
+    /* -- describe the output type AudioUnit -- */
+    /*  Note: for the default AudioUnit, we could use the
+     *  componentSubType value kAudioUnitSubType_DefaultOutput;
+     *  but I don't think that's relevant here.
+     */
+    desc.componentType         = kAudioUnitType_Output;
+    desc.componentSubType      = kAudioUnitSubType_HALOutput;
+    desc.componentManufacturer = kAudioUnitManufacturer_Apple;
+    desc.componentFlags        = 0;
+    desc.componentFlagsMask    = 0;
+    /* -- find the component -- */
+    comp = AudioComponentFindNext( NULL, &desc );
+    if( !comp )
+    {
+        DBUG( ( "AUHAL component not found." ) );
+        *audioUnit = NULL;
+        *audioDevice = kAudioDeviceUnknown;
+        return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    }
+    /* -- open it -- */
+    result = AudioComponentInstanceNew( comp, audioUnit );
+    if( result )
+    {
+        DBUG( ( "Failed to open AUHAL component." ) );
+        *audioUnit = NULL;
+        *audioDevice = kAudioDeviceUnknown;
+        return ERR( result );
+    }
+    /* -- prepare a little error handling logic / hackery -- */
+#define ERR_WRAP(mac_err) do { result = mac_err ; line = __LINE__ ; if ( result != noErr ) goto error ; } while(0)
+
+    /* -- if there is input, we have to explicitly enable input -- */
+    if( inStreamParams )
+    {
+        UInt32 enableIO = 1;
+        ERR_WRAP( AudioUnitSetProperty( *audioUnit,
+                                        kAudioOutputUnitProperty_EnableIO,
+                                        kAudioUnitScope_Input,
+                                        INPUT_ELEMENT,
+                                        &enableIO,
+                                        sizeof(enableIO) ) );
+    }
+    /* -- if there is no output, we must explicitly disable output -- */
+    if( !outStreamParams )
+    {
+        UInt32 enableIO = 0;
+        ERR_WRAP( AudioUnitSetProperty( *audioUnit,
+                                        kAudioOutputUnitProperty_EnableIO,
+                                        kAudioUnitScope_Output,
+                                        OUTPUT_ELEMENT,
+                                        &enableIO,
+                                        sizeof(enableIO) ) );
+    }
+
+    /* -- set the devices -- */
+    /* make sure input and output are the same device if we are doing input and
+       output. */
+    if( inStreamParams && outStreamParams )
+    {
+        assert( outStreamParams->device == inStreamParams->device );
+    }
+    if( inStreamParams )
+    {
+        *audioDevice = auhalHostApi->devIds[inStreamParams->device] ;
+        ERR_WRAP( AudioUnitSetProperty( *audioUnit,
+                                        kAudioOutputUnitProperty_CurrentDevice,
+                                        kAudioUnitScope_Global,
+                                        INPUT_ELEMENT,
+                                        audioDevice,
+                                        sizeof(AudioDeviceID) ) );
+    }
+    if( outStreamParams && outStreamParams != inStreamParams )
+    {
+        *audioDevice = auhalHostApi->devIds[outStreamParams->device] ;
+        ERR_WRAP( AudioUnitSetProperty( *audioUnit,
+                                        kAudioOutputUnitProperty_CurrentDevice,
+                                        kAudioUnitScope_Global,
+                                        OUTPUT_ELEMENT,
+                                        audioDevice,
+                                        sizeof(AudioDeviceID) ) );
+    }
+    /* -- add listener for dropouts -- */
+    result = PaMacCore_AudioDeviceAddPropertyListener( *audioDevice,
+                                                       0,
+                                                       outStreamParams ? false : true,
+                                                       kAudioDeviceProcessorOverload,
+                                                       xrunCallback,
+                                                       addToXRunListenerList( (void *)stream ) ) ;
+    if( result == kAudioHardwareIllegalOperationError ) {
+        // -- already registered, we're good
+    } else {
+        // -- not already registered, just check for errors
+        ERR_WRAP( result );
+    }
+    /* -- listen for stream start and stop -- */
+    ERR_WRAP( AudioUnitAddPropertyListener( *audioUnit,
+                                            kAudioOutputUnitProperty_IsRunning,
+                                            startStopCallback,
+                                            (void *)stream ) );
+
+    /* -- set format -- */
+    bzero( &desiredFormat, sizeof(desiredFormat) );
+    desiredFormat.mFormatID         = kAudioFormatLinearPCM ;
+    desiredFormat.mFormatFlags      = kAudioFormatFlagsNativeFloatPacked;
+    desiredFormat.mFramesPerPacket  = 1;
+    desiredFormat.mBitsPerChannel   = sizeof( float ) * 8;
+
+    result = 0;
+    /*  set device format first, but only touch the device if the user asked */
+    if( inStreamParams ) {
+        /*The callback never calls back if we don't set the FPB */
+        /*This seems weird, because I would think setting anything on the device
+          would be disruptive.*/
+        paResult = setBestFramesPerBuffer( *audioDevice, FALSE,
+                                           requestedFramesPerBuffer,
+                                           actualInputFramesPerBuffer );
+        if( paResult ) goto error;
+        if( macInputStreamFlags & paMacCoreChangeDeviceParameters ) {
+            bool requireExact;
+            requireExact=macInputStreamFlags & paMacCoreFailIfConversionRequired;
+            paResult = setBestSampleRateForDevice( *audioDevice, FALSE,
+                                                   requireExact, sampleRate );
+            if( paResult ) goto error;
+        }
+        if( actualInputFramesPerBuffer && actualOutputFramesPerBuffer )
+            *actualOutputFramesPerBuffer = *actualInputFramesPerBuffer ;
+    }
+    if( outStreamParams && !inStreamParams ) {
+        /*The callback never calls back if we don't set the FPB */
+        /*This seems weird, because I would think setting anything on the device
+          would be disruptive.*/
+        paResult = setBestFramesPerBuffer( *audioDevice, TRUE,
+                                           requestedFramesPerBuffer,
+                                           actualOutputFramesPerBuffer );
+        if( paResult ) goto error;
+        if( macOutputStreamFlags & paMacCoreChangeDeviceParameters ) {
+            bool requireExact;
+            requireExact=macOutputStreamFlags & paMacCoreFailIfConversionRequired;
+            paResult = setBestSampleRateForDevice( *audioDevice, TRUE,
+                                                   requireExact, sampleRate );
+            if( paResult ) goto error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* -- set the quality of the output converter -- */
+    if( outStreamParams ) {
+        UInt32 value = kAudioConverterQuality_Max;
+        switch( macOutputStreamFlags & 0x0700 ) {
+        case 0x0100: /*paMacCore_ConversionQualityMin:*/
+            value=kRenderQuality_Min;
+            break;
+        case 0x0200: /*paMacCore_ConversionQualityLow:*/
+            value=kRenderQuality_Low;
+            break;
+        case 0x0300: /*paMacCore_ConversionQualityMedium:*/
+            value=kRenderQuality_Medium;
+            break;
+        case 0x0400: /*paMacCore_ConversionQualityHigh:*/
+            value=kRenderQuality_High;
+            break;
+        }
+        ERR_WRAP( AudioUnitSetProperty( *audioUnit,
+                                        kAudioUnitProperty_RenderQuality,
+                                        kAudioUnitScope_Global,
+                                        OUTPUT_ELEMENT,
+                                        &value,
+                                        sizeof(value) ) );
+    }
+    /* now set the format on the Audio Units. */
+    if( outStreamParams )
+    {
+        desiredFormat.mSampleRate    =sampleRate;
+        desiredFormat.mBytesPerPacket=sizeof(float)*outStreamParams->channelCount;
+        desiredFormat.mBytesPerFrame =sizeof(float)*outStreamParams->channelCount;
+        desiredFormat.mChannelsPerFrame = outStreamParams->channelCount;
+        ERR_WRAP( AudioUnitSetProperty( *audioUnit,
+                                        kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat,
+                                        kAudioUnitScope_Input,
+                                        OUTPUT_ELEMENT,
+                                        &desiredFormat,
+                                        sizeof(AudioStreamBasicDescription) ) );
+    }
+    if( inStreamParams )
+    {
+        AudioStreamBasicDescription sourceFormat;
+        UInt32 size = sizeof( AudioStreamBasicDescription );
+
+        /* keep the sample rate of the device, or we confuse AUHAL */
+        ERR_WRAP( AudioUnitGetProperty( *audioUnit,
+                                        kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat,
+                                        kAudioUnitScope_Input,
+                                        INPUT_ELEMENT,
+                                        &sourceFormat,
+                                        &size ) );
+        desiredFormat.mSampleRate = sourceFormat.mSampleRate;
+        desiredFormat.mBytesPerPacket=sizeof(float)*inStreamParams->channelCount;
+        desiredFormat.mBytesPerFrame =sizeof(float)*inStreamParams->channelCount;
+        desiredFormat.mChannelsPerFrame = inStreamParams->channelCount;
+        ERR_WRAP( AudioUnitSetProperty( *audioUnit,
+                                        kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat,
+                                        kAudioUnitScope_Output,
+                                        INPUT_ELEMENT,
+                                        &desiredFormat,
+                                        sizeof(AudioStreamBasicDescription) ) );
+    }
+    /* set the maximumFramesPerSlice */
+    /* not doing this causes real problems
+       (eg. the callback might not be called). The idea of setting both this
+       and the frames per buffer on the device is that we'll be most likely
+       to actually get the frame size we requested in the callback with the
+       minimum latency. */
+    if( outStreamParams ) {
+        UInt32 size = sizeof( *actualOutputFramesPerBuffer );
+        ERR_WRAP( AudioUnitSetProperty( *audioUnit,
+                                        kAudioUnitProperty_MaximumFramesPerSlice,
+                                        kAudioUnitScope_Input,
+                                        OUTPUT_ELEMENT,
+                                        actualOutputFramesPerBuffer,
+                                        sizeof(*actualOutputFramesPerBuffer) ) );
+        ERR_WRAP( AudioUnitGetProperty( *audioUnit,
+                                        kAudioUnitProperty_MaximumFramesPerSlice,
+                                        kAudioUnitScope_Global,
+                                        OUTPUT_ELEMENT,
+                                        actualOutputFramesPerBuffer,
+                                        &size ) );
+    }
+    if( inStreamParams ) {
+        /*UInt32 size = sizeof( *actualInputFramesPerBuffer );*/
+        ERR_WRAP( AudioUnitSetProperty( *audioUnit,
+                                        kAudioUnitProperty_MaximumFramesPerSlice,
+                                        kAudioUnitScope_Output,
+                                        INPUT_ELEMENT,
+                                        actualInputFramesPerBuffer,
+                                        sizeof(*actualInputFramesPerBuffer) ) );
+        /* Don't know why this causes problems
+               ERR_WRAP( AudioUnitGetProperty( *audioUnit,
+                                    kAudioUnitProperty_MaximumFramesPerSlice,
+                                    kAudioUnitScope_Global, //Output,
+                                    INPUT_ELEMENT,
+                                    actualInputFramesPerBuffer,
+                                    &size ) );
+        */
+    }
+
+    /* -- if we have input, we may need to setup an SR converter -- */
+    /* even if we got the sample rate we asked for, we need to do
+       the conversion in case another program changes the underlying SR. */
+    /* FIXME: I think we need to monitor stream and change the converter if the incoming format changes. */
+    if( inStreamParams ) {
+        AudioStreamBasicDescription desiredFormat;
+        AudioStreamBasicDescription sourceFormat;
+        UInt32 sourceSize = sizeof( sourceFormat );
+        bzero( &desiredFormat, sizeof(desiredFormat) );
+        desiredFormat.mSampleRate       = sampleRate;
+        desiredFormat.mFormatID         = kAudioFormatLinearPCM ;
+        desiredFormat.mFormatFlags      = kAudioFormatFlagsNativeFloatPacked;
+        desiredFormat.mFramesPerPacket  = 1;
+        desiredFormat.mBitsPerChannel   = sizeof( float ) * 8;
+        desiredFormat.mBytesPerPacket=sizeof(float)*inStreamParams->channelCount;
+        desiredFormat.mBytesPerFrame =sizeof(float)*inStreamParams->channelCount;
+        desiredFormat.mChannelsPerFrame = inStreamParams->channelCount;
+
+        /* get the source format */
+        ERR_WRAP( AudioUnitGetProperty( *audioUnit,
+                                        kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat,
+                                        kAudioUnitScope_Output,
+                                        INPUT_ELEMENT,
+                                        &sourceFormat,
+                                        &sourceSize ) );
+
+        if( desiredFormat.mSampleRate != sourceFormat.mSampleRate )
+        {
+            UInt32 value = kAudioConverterQuality_Max;
+            switch( macInputStreamFlags & 0x0700 ) {
+            case 0x0100: /*paMacCore_ConversionQualityMin:*/
+                value=kAudioConverterQuality_Min;
+                break;
+            case 0x0200: /*paMacCore_ConversionQualityLow:*/
+                value=kAudioConverterQuality_Low;
+                break;
+            case 0x0300: /*paMacCore_ConversionQualityMedium:*/
+                value=kAudioConverterQuality_Medium;
+                break;
+            case 0x0400: /*paMacCore_ConversionQualityHigh:*/
+                value=kAudioConverterQuality_High;
+                break;
+            }
+            VDBUG(( "Creating sample rate converter for input"
+                    " to convert from %g to %g\n",
+                    (float)sourceFormat.mSampleRate,
+                    (float)desiredFormat.mSampleRate ) );
+            /* create our converter */
+            ERR_WRAP( AudioConverterNew( &sourceFormat,
+                                         &desiredFormat,
+                                         srConverter ) );
+            /* Set quality */
+            ERR_WRAP( AudioConverterSetProperty( *srConverter,
+                                                 kAudioConverterSampleRateConverterQuality,
+                                                 sizeof( value ),
+                                                 &value ) );
+        }
+    }
+    /* -- set IOProc (callback) -- */
+    callbackKey = outStreamParams ? kAudioUnitProperty_SetRenderCallback
+                  : kAudioOutputUnitProperty_SetInputCallback ;
+    rcbs.inputProc = AudioIOProc;
+    rcbs.inputProcRefCon = refCon;
+    ERR_WRAP( AudioUnitSetProperty( *audioUnit,
+                                    callbackKey,
+                                    kAudioUnitScope_Output,
+                                    outStreamParams ? OUTPUT_ELEMENT : INPUT_ELEMENT,
+                                    &rcbs,
+                                    sizeof(rcbs)) );
+
+    if( inStreamParams && outStreamParams && *srConverter )
+        ERR_WRAP( AudioUnitSetProperty( *audioUnit,
+                                        kAudioOutputUnitProperty_SetInputCallback,
+                                        kAudioUnitScope_Output,
+                                        INPUT_ELEMENT,
+                                        &rcbs,
+                                        sizeof(rcbs)) );
+
+    /* channel mapping. */
+    if(inChannelMap)
+    {
+        UInt32 mapSize = inChannelMapSize *sizeof(SInt32);
+
+        //for each channel of desired input, map the channel from
+        //the device's output channel.
+        ERR_WRAP( AudioUnitSetProperty( *audioUnit,
+                                        kAudioOutputUnitProperty_ChannelMap,
+                                        kAudioUnitScope_Output,
+                                        INPUT_ELEMENT,
+                                        inChannelMap,
+                                        mapSize) );
+    }
+    if(outChannelMap)
+    {
+        UInt32 mapSize = outChannelMapSize *sizeof(SInt32);
+
+        //for each channel of desired output, map the channel from
+        //the device's output channel.
+        ERR_WRAP(AudioUnitSetProperty( *audioUnit,
+                                       kAudioOutputUnitProperty_ChannelMap,
+                                       kAudioUnitScope_Output,
+                                       OUTPUT_ELEMENT,
+                                       outChannelMap,
+                                       mapSize) );
+    }
+    /* initialize the audio unit */
+    ERR_WRAP( AudioUnitInitialize(*audioUnit) );
+
+    if( inStreamParams && outStreamParams )
+    {
+        VDBUG( ("Opened device %ld for input and output.\n", (long)*audioDevice ) );
+    }
+    else if( inStreamParams )
+    {
+        VDBUG( ("Opened device %ld for input.\n", (long)*audioDevice ) );
+    }
+    else if( outStreamParams )
+    {
+        VDBUG( ("Opened device %ld for output.\n", (long)*audioDevice ) );
+    }
+    return paNoError;
+#undef ERR_WRAP
+
+error:
+
+    AudioComponentInstanceDispose( *audioUnit );
+    *audioUnit = NULL;
+    if( result )
+        return PaMacCore_SetError( result, line, 1 );
+    return paResult;
+}
+
+/* =================================================================================================== */
+
+static UInt32 CalculateOptimalBufferSize( PaMacAUHAL *auhalHostApi,
+                                          const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                          const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                          UInt32 fixedInputLatency,
+                                          UInt32 fixedOutputLatency,
+                                          double sampleRate,
+                                          UInt32 requestedFramesPerBuffer )
+{
+    UInt32 resultBufferSizeFrames = 0;
+    // Use maximum of suggested input and output latencies.
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        UInt32 suggestedLatencyFrames = inputParameters->suggestedLatency * sampleRate;
+        // Calculate a buffer size assuming we are double buffered.
+        SInt32 variableLatencyFrames = suggestedLatencyFrames - fixedInputLatency;
+        // Prevent negative latency.
+        variableLatencyFrames = MAX( variableLatencyFrames, 0 );
+        resultBufferSizeFrames = MAX( resultBufferSizeFrames, (UInt32) variableLatencyFrames );
+    }
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        UInt32 suggestedLatencyFrames = outputParameters->suggestedLatency * sampleRate;
+        SInt32 variableLatencyFrames = suggestedLatencyFrames - fixedOutputLatency;
+        variableLatencyFrames = MAX( variableLatencyFrames, 0 );
+        resultBufferSizeFrames = MAX( resultBufferSizeFrames, (UInt32) variableLatencyFrames );
+    }
+
+    // can't have zero frames. code to round up to next user buffer requires non-zero
+    resultBufferSizeFrames = MAX( resultBufferSizeFrames, 1 );
+
+    if( requestedFramesPerBuffer != paFramesPerBufferUnspecified )
+    {
+        // make host buffer the next highest integer multiple of user frames per buffer
+        UInt32 n = (resultBufferSizeFrames + requestedFramesPerBuffer - 1) / requestedFramesPerBuffer;
+        resultBufferSizeFrames = n * requestedFramesPerBuffer;
+
+
+        // FIXME: really we should be searching for a multiple of requestedFramesPerBuffer
+        // that is >= suggested latency and also fits within device buffer min/max
+
+    } else {
+        VDBUG( ("Block Size unspecified. Based on Latency, the user wants a Block Size near: %ld.\n",
+                (long)resultBufferSizeFrames ) );
+    }
+
+    // Clip to the capabilities of the device.
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        ClipToDeviceBufferSize( auhalHostApi->devIds[inputParameters->device],
+                                true, // In the old code isInput was false!
+                                resultBufferSizeFrames, &resultBufferSizeFrames );
+    }
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        ClipToDeviceBufferSize( auhalHostApi->devIds[outputParameters->device],
+                                false, resultBufferSizeFrames, &resultBufferSizeFrames );
+    }
+    VDBUG(("After querying hardware, setting block size to %ld.\n", (long)resultBufferSizeFrames));
+
+    return resultBufferSizeFrames;
+}
+
+/* =================================================================================================== */
+/* see pa_hostapi.h for a list of validity guarantees made about OpenStream parameters */
+static PaError OpenStream( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                           PaStream** s,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                           double sampleRate,
+                           unsigned long requestedFramesPerBuffer,
+                           PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                           PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                           void *userData )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaMacAUHAL *auhalHostApi = (PaMacAUHAL*)hostApi;
+    PaMacCoreStream *stream = 0;
+    int inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount;
+    PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat, outputSampleFormat;
+    PaSampleFormat hostInputSampleFormat, hostOutputSampleFormat;
+    UInt32 fixedInputLatency = 0;
+    UInt32 fixedOutputLatency = 0;
+    // Accumulate contributions to latency in these variables.
+    UInt32 inputLatencyFrames = 0;
+    UInt32 outputLatencyFrames = 0;
+    UInt32 suggestedLatencyFramesPerBuffer = requestedFramesPerBuffer;
+
+    VVDBUG(("OpenStream(): in chan=%d, in fmt=%ld, out chan=%d, out fmt=%ld SR=%g, FPB=%ld\n",
+            inputParameters  ? inputParameters->channelCount  : -1,
+            inputParameters  ? inputParameters->sampleFormat  : -1,
+            outputParameters ? outputParameters->channelCount : -1,
+            outputParameters ? outputParameters->sampleFormat : -1,
+            (float) sampleRate,
+            requestedFramesPerBuffer ));
+    VDBUG( ("Opening Stream.\n") );
+
+    /* These first few bits of code are from paSkeleton with few modifications. */
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = inputParameters->channelCount;
+        inputSampleFormat = inputParameters->sampleFormat;
+
+        /* @todo Blocking read/write on Mac is not yet supported. */
+        if( !streamCallback && inputSampleFormat & paNonInterleaved )
+        {
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+        }
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+
+        if( inputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        /* check that input device can support inputChannelCount */
+        if( inputChannelCount > hostApi->deviceInfos[ inputParameters->device ]->maxInputChannels )
+            return paInvalidChannelCount;
+
+        /* Host supports interleaved float32 */
+        hostInputSampleFormat = paFloat32;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = 0;
+        inputSampleFormat = hostInputSampleFormat = paFloat32; /* Suppress 'uninitialised var' warnings. */
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = outputParameters->channelCount;
+        outputSampleFormat = outputParameters->sampleFormat;
+
+        /* @todo Blocking read/write on Mac is not yet supported. */
+        if( !streamCallback && outputSampleFormat & paNonInterleaved )
+        {
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+        }
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+
+        if( outputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        /* check that output device can support inputChannelCount */
+        if( outputChannelCount > hostApi->deviceInfos[ outputParameters->device ]->maxOutputChannels )
+            return paInvalidChannelCount;
+
+        /* Host supports interleaved float32 */
+        hostOutputSampleFormat = paFloat32;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = 0;
+        outputSampleFormat = hostOutputSampleFormat = paFloat32; /* Suppress 'uninitialized var' warnings. */
+    }
+
+    /* validate platform specific flags */
+    if( (streamFlags & paPlatformSpecificFlags) != 0 )
+        return paInvalidFlag; /* unexpected platform specific flag */
+
+    stream = (PaMacCoreStream*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaMacCoreStream) );
+    if( !stream )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* If we fail after this point, we my be left in a bad state, with
+       some data structures setup and others not. So, first thing we
+       do is initialize everything so that if we fail, we know what hasn't
+       been touched.
+     */
+    bzero( stream, sizeof( PaMacCoreStream ) );
+
+    /*
+    stream->blio.inputRingBuffer.buffer = NULL;
+    stream->blio.outputRingBuffer.buffer = NULL;
+    stream->blio.inputSampleFormat = inputParameters?inputParameters->sampleFormat:0;
+    stream->blio.inputSampleSize = computeSampleSizeFromFormat(stream->blio.inputSampleFormat);
+    stream->blio.outputSampleFormat=outputParameters?outputParameters->sampleFormat:0;
+    stream->blio.outputSampleSize = computeSampleSizeFromFormat(stream->blio.outputSampleFormat);
+    */
+
+    /* assert( streamCallback ) ; */ /* only callback mode is implemented */
+    if( streamCallback )
+    {
+        PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation,
+                                               &auhalHostApi->callbackStreamInterface,
+                                               streamCallback, userData );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation,
+                                               &auhalHostApi->blockingStreamInterface,
+                                               BlioCallback, &stream->blio );
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeCpuLoadMeasurer( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer, sampleRate );
+
+
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        CalculateFixedDeviceLatency( auhalHostApi->devIds[inputParameters->device], true, &fixedInputLatency );
+        inputLatencyFrames += fixedInputLatency;
+    }
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        CalculateFixedDeviceLatency( auhalHostApi->devIds[outputParameters->device], false, &fixedOutputLatency );
+        outputLatencyFrames += fixedOutputLatency;
+
+    }
+
+    suggestedLatencyFramesPerBuffer = CalculateOptimalBufferSize( auhalHostApi, inputParameters, outputParameters,
+                                                                  fixedInputLatency, fixedOutputLatency,
+                                                                  sampleRate, requestedFramesPerBuffer );
+    if( requestedFramesPerBuffer == paFramesPerBufferUnspecified )
+    {
+        requestedFramesPerBuffer = suggestedLatencyFramesPerBuffer;
+    }
+
+    /* -- Now we actually open and setup streams. -- */
+    if( inputParameters && outputParameters && outputParameters->device == inputParameters->device )
+    {   /* full duplex. One device. */
+        UInt32 inputFramesPerBuffer  = (UInt32) stream->inputFramesPerBuffer;
+        UInt32 outputFramesPerBuffer = (UInt32) stream->outputFramesPerBuffer;
+        result = OpenAndSetupOneAudioUnit( stream,
+                                           inputParameters,
+                                           outputParameters,
+                                           suggestedLatencyFramesPerBuffer,
+                                           &inputFramesPerBuffer,
+                                           &outputFramesPerBuffer,
+                                           auhalHostApi,
+                                           &(stream->inputUnit),
+                                           &(stream->inputSRConverter),
+                                           &(stream->inputDevice),
+                                           sampleRate,
+                                           stream );
+        stream->inputFramesPerBuffer = inputFramesPerBuffer;
+        stream->outputFramesPerBuffer = outputFramesPerBuffer;
+        stream->outputUnit = stream->inputUnit;
+        stream->outputDevice = stream->inputDevice;
+        if( result != paNoError )
+            goto error;
+    }
+    else
+    {   /* full duplex, different devices OR simplex */
+        UInt32 outputFramesPerBuffer = (UInt32) stream->outputFramesPerBuffer;
+        UInt32 inputFramesPerBuffer  = (UInt32) stream->inputFramesPerBuffer;
+        result = OpenAndSetupOneAudioUnit( stream,
+                                           NULL,
+                                           outputParameters,
+                                           suggestedLatencyFramesPerBuffer,
+                                           NULL,
+                                           &outputFramesPerBuffer,
+                                           auhalHostApi,
+                                           &(stream->outputUnit),
+                                           NULL,
+                                           &(stream->outputDevice),
+                                           sampleRate,
+                                           stream );
+        if( result != paNoError )
+            goto error;
+        result = OpenAndSetupOneAudioUnit( stream,
+                                           inputParameters,
+                                           NULL,
+                                           suggestedLatencyFramesPerBuffer,
+                                           &inputFramesPerBuffer,
+                                           NULL,
+                                           auhalHostApi,
+                                           &(stream->inputUnit),
+                                           &(stream->inputSRConverter),
+                                           &(stream->inputDevice),
+                                           sampleRate,
+                                           stream );
+        if( result != paNoError )
+            goto error;
+        stream->inputFramesPerBuffer = inputFramesPerBuffer;
+        stream->outputFramesPerBuffer = outputFramesPerBuffer;
+    }
+
+    inputLatencyFrames += stream->inputFramesPerBuffer;
+    outputLatencyFrames += stream->outputFramesPerBuffer;
+
+    if( stream->inputUnit ) {
+        const size_t szfl = sizeof(float);
+        /* setup the AudioBufferList used for input */
+        bzero( &stream->inputAudioBufferList, sizeof( AudioBufferList ) );
+        stream->inputAudioBufferList.mNumberBuffers = 1;
+        stream->inputAudioBufferList.mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels
+            = inputChannelCount;
+        stream->inputAudioBufferList.mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize
+            = stream->inputFramesPerBuffer*inputChannelCount*szfl;
+        stream->inputAudioBufferList.mBuffers[0].mData
+            = (float *) calloc(
+                  stream->inputFramesPerBuffer*inputChannelCount,
+                  szfl );
+        if( !stream->inputAudioBufferList.mBuffers[0].mData )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * If input and output devs are different or we are doing SR conversion,
+         * we also need a ring buffer to store input data while waiting for
+         * output data.
+         */
+        if( (stream->outputUnit && (stream->inputUnit != stream->outputUnit))
+                || stream->inputSRConverter )
+        {
+            /* May want the ringSize or initial position in
+               ring buffer to depend somewhat on sample rate change */
+
+            void *data;
+            long ringSize;
+
+            ringSize = computeRingBufferSize( inputParameters,
+                                              outputParameters,
+                                              stream->inputFramesPerBuffer,
+                                              stream->outputFramesPerBuffer,
+                                              sampleRate );
+            /*ringSize <<= 4; *//*16x bigger, for testing */
+
+
+            /*now, we need to allocate memory for the ring buffer*/
+            data = calloc( ringSize, szfl*inputParameters->channelCount );
+            if( !data )
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            /* now we can initialize the ring buffer */
+            result = PaUtil_InitializeRingBuffer( &stream->inputRingBuffer, szfl*inputParameters->channelCount, ringSize, data );
+            if( result != 0 )
+            {
+                /* The only reason this should fail is if ringSize is not a power of 2, which we do not anticipate happening. */
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                free(data);
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            /* advance the read point a little, so we are reading from the
+               middle of the buffer */
+            if( stream->outputUnit )
+                PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferWriteIndex( &stream->inputRingBuffer, ringSize / RING_BUFFER_ADVANCE_DENOMINATOR );
+
+            // Just adds to input latency between input device and PA full duplex callback.
+            inputLatencyFrames += ringSize;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* -- initialize Blio Buffer Processors -- */
+    if( !streamCallback )
+    {
+        long ringSize;
+
+        ringSize = computeRingBufferSize( inputParameters,
+                                          outputParameters,
+                                          stream->inputFramesPerBuffer,
+                                          stream->outputFramesPerBuffer,
+                                          sampleRate );
+        result = initializeBlioRingBuffers( &stream->blio,
+                                            inputParameters ? inputParameters->sampleFormat : 0,
+                                            outputParameters ? outputParameters->sampleFormat : 0,
+                                            ringSize,
+                                            inputParameters ? inputChannelCount : 0,
+                                            outputParameters ? outputChannelCount : 0 );
+        if( result != paNoError )
+            goto error;
+
+        inputLatencyFrames += ringSize;
+        outputLatencyFrames += ringSize;
+
+    }
+
+    /* -- initialize Buffer Processor -- */
+    {
+        unsigned long maxHostFrames = stream->inputFramesPerBuffer;
+        if( stream->outputFramesPerBuffer > maxHostFrames )
+            maxHostFrames = stream->outputFramesPerBuffer;
+        result = PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor,
+                                                   inputChannelCount, inputSampleFormat,
+                                                   hostInputSampleFormat,
+                                                   outputChannelCount, outputSampleFormat,
+                                                   hostOutputSampleFormat,
+                                                   sampleRate,
+                                                   streamFlags,
+                                                   requestedFramesPerBuffer,
+                                                   /* If sample rate conversion takes place, the buffer size
+                                                      will not be known. */
+                                                   maxHostFrames,
+                                                   stream->inputSRConverter
+                                                   ? paUtilUnknownHostBufferSize
+                                                   : paUtilBoundedHostBufferSize,
+                                                   streamCallback ? streamCallback : BlioCallback,
+                                                   streamCallback ? userData : &stream->blio );
+        if( result != paNoError )
+            goto error;
+    }
+    stream->bufferProcessorIsInitialized = TRUE;
+
+    // Calculate actual latency from the sum of individual latencies.
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        inputLatencyFrames += PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor);
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.inputLatency = inputLatencyFrames / sampleRate;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.inputLatency = 0.0;
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        outputLatencyFrames += PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor);
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency = outputLatencyFrames / sampleRate;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency = 0.0;
+    }
+
+    stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate = sampleRate;
+
+    stream->sampleRate = sampleRate;
+
+    stream->userInChan  = inputChannelCount;
+    stream->userOutChan = outputChannelCount;
+
+    // Setup property listeners for timestamp and latency calculations.
+    pthread_mutex_init( &stream->timingInformationMutex, NULL );
+    stream->timingInformationMutexIsInitialized = 1;
+    InitializeDeviceProperties( &stream->inputProperties );     // zeros the struct. doesn't actually init it to useful values
+    InitializeDeviceProperties( &stream->outputProperties );    // zeros the struct. doesn't actually init it to useful values
+    if( stream->outputUnit )
+    {
+        Boolean isInput = FALSE;
+
+        // Start with the current values for the device properties.
+        // Init with nominal sample rate. Use actual sample rate where available
+
+        result = ERR( UpdateSampleRateFromDeviceProperty(
+                          stream, stream->outputDevice, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyNominalSampleRate )  );
+        if( result )
+            goto error; /* fail if we can't even get a nominal device sample rate */
+
+        UpdateSampleRateFromDeviceProperty( stream, stream->outputDevice, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyActualSampleRate );
+
+        SetupDevicePropertyListeners( stream, stream->outputDevice, isInput );
+    }
+    if( stream->inputUnit )
+    {
+        Boolean isInput = TRUE;
+
+        // as above
+        result = ERR( UpdateSampleRateFromDeviceProperty(
+                          stream, stream->inputDevice, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyNominalSampleRate )  );
+        if( result )
+            goto error;
+
+        UpdateSampleRateFromDeviceProperty( stream, stream->inputDevice, isInput, kAudioDevicePropertyActualSampleRate );
+
+        SetupDevicePropertyListeners( stream, stream->inputDevice, isInput );
+    }
+    UpdateTimeStampOffsets( stream );
+    // Setup timestamp copies to be used by audio callback.
+    stream->timestampOffsetCombined_ioProcCopy = stream->timestampOffsetCombined;
+    stream->timestampOffsetInputDevice_ioProcCopy = stream->timestampOffsetInputDevice;
+    stream->timestampOffsetOutputDevice_ioProcCopy = stream->timestampOffsetOutputDevice;
+
+    stream->state = STOPPED;
+    stream->xrunFlags = 0;
+
+    *s = (PaStream*)stream;
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    CloseStream( stream );
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+#define HOST_TIME_TO_PA_TIME( x ) ( AudioConvertHostTimeToNanos( (x) ) * 1.0E-09) /* convert to nanoseconds and then to seconds */
+
+PaTime GetStreamTime( PaStream *s )
+{
+    return HOST_TIME_TO_PA_TIME( AudioGetCurrentHostTime() );
+}
+
+#define RING_BUFFER_EMPTY (1000)
+
+static OSStatus ringBufferIOProc(
+    AudioConverterRef              inAudioConverter,
+    UInt32*                        ioNumberDataPackets,
+    AudioBufferList*               ioData,
+    AudioStreamPacketDescription** outDataPacketDescription,
+    void*                          inUserData)
+{
+    VVDBUG(("ringBufferIOProc()\n"));
+
+    PaUtilRingBuffer *rb = (PaUtilRingBuffer *) inUserData;
+
+    if( PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable( rb ) == 0 ) {
+        ioData->mBuffers[0].mData = NULL;
+        ioData->mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize = 0;
+        *ioNumberDataPackets = 0;
+        VVDBUG(("Ring buffer empty!\n"));
+        return RING_BUFFER_EMPTY;
+    }
+
+    UInt32 packetSize = sizeof(float) * ioData->mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels;
+    UInt32 dataSize = *ioNumberDataPackets * packetSize;
+    assert(dataSize % rb->elementSizeBytes == 0);
+    UInt32 rbElements = dataSize / rb->elementSizeBytes;
+    ring_buffer_size_t rbElementsRead = rbElements;
+    void *dummyData;
+    ring_buffer_size_t dummySize;
+    PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadRegions( rb, rbElements,
+                                     &ioData->mBuffers[0].mData, &rbElementsRead,
+                                     &dummyData, &dummySize );
+    assert(rbElementsRead > 0);
+    VVDBUG(("RingBuffer read elements %u of %u\n", rbElementsRead, rbElements));
+    PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferReadIndex( rb, rbElementsRead );
+
+    UInt32 bytesRead = rbElementsRead * rb->elementSizeBytes;
+    ioData->mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize = bytesRead;
+    *ioNumberDataPackets = bytesRead / packetSize;
+
+    return noErr;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Called by the AudioUnit API to process audio from the sound card.
+ * This is where the magic happens.
+ */
+/* FEEDBACK: there is a lot of redundant code here because of how all the cases differ. This makes it hard to maintain, so if there are suggestinos for cleaning it up, I'm all ears. */
+static OSStatus AudioIOProc( void *inRefCon,
+                             AudioUnitRenderActionFlags *ioActionFlags,
+                             const AudioTimeStamp *inTimeStamp,
+                             UInt32 inBusNumber,
+                             UInt32 inNumberFrames,
+                             AudioBufferList *ioData )
+{
+    unsigned long framesProcessed     = 0;
+    PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo timeInfo = {0,0,0};
+    PaMacCoreStream *stream           = (PaMacCoreStream*)inRefCon;
+    const bool isRender               = inBusNumber == OUTPUT_ELEMENT;
+    int callbackResult                = paContinue ;
+    double hostTimeStampInPaTime      = HOST_TIME_TO_PA_TIME(inTimeStamp->mHostTime);
+
+    VVDBUG(("AudioIOProc()\n"));
+
+    PaUtil_BeginCpuLoadMeasurement( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+
+    /* -----------------------------------------------------------------*\
+       This output may be useful for debugging,
+       But printing during the callback is a bad enough idea that
+       this is not enabled by enabling the usual debugging calls.
+    \* -----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+    /*
+    static int renderCount = 0;
+    static int inputCount = 0;
+    printf( "-------------------  starting render/input\n" );
+    if( isRender )
+       printf("Render callback (%d):\t", ++renderCount);
+    else
+       printf("Input callback  (%d):\t", ++inputCount);
+    printf( "Call totals: %d (input), %d (render)\n", inputCount, renderCount );
+
+    printf( "--- inBusNumber: %lu\n", inBusNumber );
+    printf( "--- inNumberFrames: %lu\n", inNumberFrames );
+    printf( "--- %x ioData\n", (unsigned) ioData );
+    if( ioData )
+    {
+       int i=0;
+       printf( "--- ioData.mNumBuffers %lu: \n", ioData->mNumberBuffers );
+       for( i=0; i<ioData->mNumberBuffers; ++i )
+          printf( "--- ioData buffer %d size: %lu.\n", i, ioData->mBuffers[i].mDataByteSize );
+    }
+       ----------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+    /* compute PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo */
+
+    if( pthread_mutex_trylock( &stream->timingInformationMutex ) == 0 ) {
+        /* snapshot the ioproc copy of timing information */
+        stream->timestampOffsetCombined_ioProcCopy = stream->timestampOffsetCombined;
+        stream->timestampOffsetInputDevice_ioProcCopy = stream->timestampOffsetInputDevice;
+        stream->timestampOffsetOutputDevice_ioProcCopy = stream->timestampOffsetOutputDevice;
+        pthread_mutex_unlock( &stream->timingInformationMutex );
+    }
+
+    /* For timeInfo.currentTime we could calculate current time backwards from the HAL audio
+     output time to give a more accurate impression of the current timeslice but it doesn't
+     seem worth it at the moment since other PA host APIs don't do any better.
+     */
+    timeInfo.currentTime = HOST_TIME_TO_PA_TIME( AudioGetCurrentHostTime() );
+
+    /*
+     For an input HAL AU, inTimeStamp is the time the samples are received from the hardware,
+     for an output HAL AU inTimeStamp is the time the samples are sent to the hardware.
+     PA expresses timestamps in terms of when the samples enter the ADC or leave the DAC
+     so we add or subtract kAudioDevicePropertyLatency below.
+     */
+
+    /* FIXME: not sure what to do below if the host timestamps aren't valid (kAudioTimeStampHostTimeValid isn't set)
+     Could ask on CA mailing list if it is possible for it not to be set. If so, could probably grab a now timestamp
+     at the top and compute from there (modulo scheduling jitter) or ask on mailing list for other options. */
+
+    if( isRender )
+    {
+        if( stream->inputUnit ) /* full duplex */
+        {
+            if( stream->inputUnit == stream->outputUnit ) /* full duplex AUHAL IOProc */
+            {
+                // Ross and Phil agreed that the following calculation is correct based on an email from Jeff Moore:
+                // http://osdir.com/ml/coreaudio-api/2009-07/msg00140.html
+                // Basically the difference between the Apple output timestamp and the PA timestamp is kAudioDevicePropertyLatency.
+                timeInfo.inputBufferAdcTime = hostTimeStampInPaTime -
+                                              (stream->timestampOffsetCombined_ioProcCopy + stream->timestampOffsetInputDevice_ioProcCopy);
+                timeInfo.outputBufferDacTime = hostTimeStampInPaTime + stream->timestampOffsetOutputDevice_ioProcCopy;
+            }
+            else /* full duplex with ring-buffer from a separate input AUHAL ioproc */
+            {
+                /* FIXME: take the ring buffer latency into account */
+                timeInfo.inputBufferAdcTime = hostTimeStampInPaTime -
+                                              (stream->timestampOffsetCombined_ioProcCopy + stream->timestampOffsetInputDevice_ioProcCopy);
+                timeInfo.outputBufferDacTime = hostTimeStampInPaTime + stream->timestampOffsetOutputDevice_ioProcCopy;
+            }
+        }
+        else /* output only */
+        {
+            timeInfo.inputBufferAdcTime = 0;
+            timeInfo.outputBufferDacTime = hostTimeStampInPaTime + stream->timestampOffsetOutputDevice_ioProcCopy;
+        }
+    }
+    else /* input only */
+    {
+        timeInfo.inputBufferAdcTime = hostTimeStampInPaTime - stream->timestampOffsetInputDevice_ioProcCopy;
+        timeInfo.outputBufferDacTime = 0;
+    }
+
+    //printf( "---%g, %g, %g\n", timeInfo.inputBufferAdcTime, timeInfo.currentTime, timeInfo.outputBufferDacTime );
+
+    if( isRender && stream->inputUnit == stream->outputUnit
+            && !stream->inputSRConverter )
+    {
+        /* --------- Full Duplex, One Device, no SR Conversion -------
+         *
+         * This is the lowest latency case, and also the simplest.
+         * Input data and output data are available at the same time.
+         * we do not use the input SR converter or the input ring buffer.
+         *
+         */
+        OSStatus err = 0;
+        unsigned long frames;
+        long bytesPerFrame = sizeof( float ) * ioData->mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels;
+
+        /* -- start processing -- */
+        PaUtil_BeginBufferProcessing( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                      &timeInfo,
+                                      stream->xrunFlags );
+        stream->xrunFlags = 0; //FIXME: this flag also gets set outside by a callback, which calls the xrunCallback function. It should be in the same thread as the main audio callback, but the apple docs just use the word "usually" so it may be possible to loose an xrun notification, if that callback happens here.
+
+        /* -- compute frames. do some checks -- */
+        assert( ioData->mNumberBuffers == 1 );
+        assert( ioData->mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels == stream->userOutChan );
+
+        frames = ioData->mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize / bytesPerFrame;
+        /* -- copy and process input data -- */
+        err= AudioUnitRender( stream->inputUnit,
+                              ioActionFlags,
+                              inTimeStamp,
+                              INPUT_ELEMENT,
+                              inNumberFrames,
+                              &stream->inputAudioBufferList );
+        if(err != noErr)
+        {
+            goto stop_stream;
+        }
+
+        PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( &(stream->bufferProcessor), frames );
+        PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                            0,
+                                            stream->inputAudioBufferList.mBuffers[0].mData,
+                                            stream->inputAudioBufferList.mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels );
+        /* -- Copy and process output data -- */
+        PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount( &(stream->bufferProcessor), frames );
+        PaUtil_SetInterleavedOutputChannels( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                             0,
+                                             ioData->mBuffers[0].mData,
+                                             ioData->mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels );
+        /* -- complete processing -- */
+        framesProcessed =
+            PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                        &callbackResult );
+    }
+    else if( isRender )
+    {
+        /* -------- Output Side of Full Duplex (Separate Devices or SR Conversion)
+         *       -- OR Simplex Output
+         *
+         * This case handles output data as in the full duplex case,
+         * and, if there is input data, reads it off the ring buffer
+         * and into the PA buffer processor. If sample rate conversion
+         * is required on input, that is done here as well.
+         */
+        unsigned long frames;
+        long bytesPerFrame = sizeof( float ) * ioData->mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels;
+
+        /* Sometimes, when stopping a duplex stream we get erroneous
+           xrun flags, so if this is our last run, clear the flags. */
+        int xrunFlags = stream->xrunFlags;
+        /*
+              if( xrunFlags & paInputUnderflow )
+                 printf( "input underflow.\n" );
+              if( xrunFlags & paInputOverflow )
+                 printf( "input overflow.\n" );
+        */
+        if( stream->state == STOPPING || stream->state == CALLBACK_STOPPED )
+            xrunFlags = 0;
+
+        /* -- start processing -- */
+        PaUtil_BeginBufferProcessing( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                      &timeInfo,
+                                      xrunFlags );
+        stream->xrunFlags = 0; /* FEEDBACK: we only send flags to Buf Proc once */
+
+        /* -- Copy and process output data -- */
+        assert( ioData->mNumberBuffers == 1 );
+        frames = ioData->mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize / bytesPerFrame;
+        assert( ioData->mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels == stream->userOutChan );
+        PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount( &(stream->bufferProcessor), frames );
+        PaUtil_SetInterleavedOutputChannels( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                             0,
+                                             ioData->mBuffers[0].mData,
+                                             ioData->mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels );
+
+        /* -- copy and process input data, and complete processing -- */
+        if( stream->inputUnit ) {
+            const int flsz = sizeof( float );
+            /* Here, we read the data out of the ring buffer, through the
+               audio converter. */
+            int inChan = stream->inputAudioBufferList.mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels;
+            long bytesPerFrame = flsz * inChan;
+
+            if( stream->inputSRConverter )
+            {
+                OSStatus err;
+                float data[ inChan * frames ];
+                AudioBufferList bufferList;
+                bufferList.mNumberBuffers = 1;
+                bufferList.mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels = inChan;
+                bufferList.mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize = sizeof( data );
+                bufferList.mBuffers[0].mData = data;
+                UInt32 packets = frames;
+                err = AudioConverterFillComplexBuffer(
+                        stream->inputSRConverter,
+                        ringBufferIOProc,
+                        &stream->inputRingBuffer,
+                        &packets,
+                        &bufferList,
+                        NULL);
+                if( err == RING_BUFFER_EMPTY )
+                {   /* the ring buffer callback underflowed */
+                    err = 0;
+                    UInt32 size = packets * bytesPerFrame;
+                    bzero( ((char *)data) + size, sizeof(data)-size );
+                    /* The ring buffer can underflow normally when the stream is stopping.
+                     * So only report an error if the stream is active. */
+                    if( stream->state == ACTIVE )
+                    {
+                        stream->xrunFlags |= paInputUnderflow;
+                    }
+                }
+                ERR( err );
+                if(err != noErr)
+                {
+                    goto stop_stream;
+                }
+
+                PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( &(stream->bufferProcessor), frames );
+                PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                                    0,
+                                                    data,
+                                                    inChan );
+                framesProcessed =
+                    PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                                &callbackResult );
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                /* Without the AudioConverter is actually a bit more complex
+                   because we have to do a little buffer processing that the
+                   AudioConverter would otherwise handle for us. */
+                void *data1, *data2;
+                ring_buffer_size_t size1, size2;
+                ring_buffer_size_t framesReadable = PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadRegions( &stream->inputRingBuffer,
+                                                                                     frames,
+                                                                                     &data1, &size1,
+                                                                                     &data2, &size2 );
+                if( size1 == frames ) {
+                    /* simplest case: all in first buffer */
+                    PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( &(stream->bufferProcessor), frames );
+                    PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                                        0,
+                                                        data1,
+                                                        inChan );
+                    framesProcessed =
+                        PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                                    &callbackResult );
+                    PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferReadIndex(&stream->inputRingBuffer, size1 );
+                } else if( framesReadable < frames ) {
+
+                    long sizeBytes1 = size1 * bytesPerFrame;
+                    long sizeBytes2 = size2 * bytesPerFrame;
+                    /*we underflowed. take what data we can, zero the rest.*/
+                    unsigned char data[ frames * bytesPerFrame ];
+                    if( size1 > 0 )
+                    {
+                        memcpy( data, data1, sizeBytes1 );
+                    }
+                    if( size2 > 0 )
+                    {
+                        memcpy( data+sizeBytes1, data2, sizeBytes2 );
+                    }
+                    bzero( data+sizeBytes1+sizeBytes2, (frames*bytesPerFrame) - sizeBytes1 - sizeBytes2 );
+
+                    PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( &(stream->bufferProcessor), frames );
+                    PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                                        0,
+                                                        data,
+                                                        inChan );
+                    framesProcessed =
+                        PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                                    &callbackResult );
+                    PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferReadIndex( &stream->inputRingBuffer,
+                                                       framesReadable );
+                    /* flag underflow */
+                    stream->xrunFlags |= paInputUnderflow;
+                } else {
+                    /*we got all the data, but split between buffers*/
+                    PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( &(stream->bufferProcessor), size1 );
+                    PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                                        0,
+                                                        data1,
+                                                        inChan );
+                    PaUtil_Set2ndInputFrameCount( &(stream->bufferProcessor), size2 );
+                    PaUtil_Set2ndInterleavedInputChannels( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                                           0,
+                                                           data2,
+                                                           inChan );
+                    framesProcessed =
+                        PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                                    &callbackResult );
+                    PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferReadIndex(&stream->inputRingBuffer, framesReadable );
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            framesProcessed =
+                PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                            &callbackResult );
+        }
+
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* ------------------ Input
+         *
+         * First, we read off the audio data and put it in the ring buffer.
+         * if this is an input-only stream, we need to process it more,
+         * otherwise, we let the output case deal with it.
+         */
+        OSStatus err = 0;
+        int chan = stream->inputAudioBufferList.mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels ;
+        /* FIXME: looping here may not actually be necessary, but it was something I tried in testing. */
+        do {
+            err= AudioUnitRender( stream->inputUnit,
+                                  ioActionFlags,
+                                  inTimeStamp,
+                                  INPUT_ELEMENT,
+                                  inNumberFrames,
+                                  &stream->inputAudioBufferList );
+            if( err == -10874 )
+                inNumberFrames /= 2;
+        } while( err == -10874 && inNumberFrames > 1 );
+        ERR( err );
+        if(err != noErr)
+        {
+            goto stop_stream;
+        }
+
+        if( stream->inputSRConverter || stream->outputUnit )
+        {
+            /* If this is duplex or we use a converter, put the data
+               into the ring buffer. */
+            ring_buffer_size_t framesWritten = PaUtil_WriteRingBuffer( &stream->inputRingBuffer,
+                                                                       stream->inputAudioBufferList.mBuffers[0].mData,
+                                                                       inNumberFrames );
+            if( framesWritten != inNumberFrames )
+            {
+                stream->xrunFlags |= paInputOverflow ;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            /* for simplex input w/o SR conversion,
+               just pop the data into the buffer processor.*/
+            PaUtil_BeginBufferProcessing( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                          &timeInfo,
+                                          stream->xrunFlags );
+            stream->xrunFlags = 0;
+
+            PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( &(stream->bufferProcessor), inNumberFrames);
+            PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                                0,
+                                                stream->inputAudioBufferList.mBuffers[0].mData,
+                                                chan );
+            framesProcessed =
+                PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                            &callbackResult );
+        }
+        if( !stream->outputUnit && stream->inputSRConverter )
+        {
+            /* ------------------ Simplex Input w/ SR Conversion
+             *
+             * if this is a simplex input stream, we need to read off the buffer,
+             * do our sample rate conversion and pass the results to the buffer
+             * processor.
+             * The logic here is complicated somewhat by the fact that we don't
+             * know how much data is available, so we loop on reasonably sized
+             * chunks, and let the BufferProcessor deal with the rest.
+             *
+             */
+            /* This might be too big or small depending on SR conversion. */
+            float data[ chan * inNumberFrames ];
+            OSStatus err;
+            do
+            {   /* Run the buffer processor until we are out of data. */
+                AudioBufferList bufferList;
+                bufferList.mNumberBuffers = 1;
+                bufferList.mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels = chan;
+                bufferList.mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize = sizeof( data );
+                bufferList.mBuffers[0].mData = data;
+                UInt32 packets = inNumberFrames;
+                err = AudioConverterFillComplexBuffer(
+                        stream->inputSRConverter,
+                        ringBufferIOProc,
+                        &stream->inputRingBuffer,
+                        &packets,
+                        &bufferList,
+                        NULL);
+                if( err != RING_BUFFER_EMPTY )
+                    ERR( err );
+                if( err != noErr && err != RING_BUFFER_EMPTY )
+                {
+                    goto stop_stream;
+                }
+
+                PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( &(stream->bufferProcessor), packets );
+                if( packets > 0 )
+                {
+                    PaUtil_BeginBufferProcessing( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                                  &timeInfo,
+                                                  stream->xrunFlags );
+                    stream->xrunFlags = 0;
+
+                    PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                                        0,
+                                                        data,
+                                                        chan );
+                    framesProcessed =
+                        PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing( &(stream->bufferProcessor),
+                                                    &callbackResult );
+                }
+            } while( callbackResult == paContinue && !err );
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Should we return successfully or fall through to stopping the stream?
+    if( callbackResult == paContinue )
+    {
+        PaUtil_EndCpuLoadMeasurement( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer, framesProcessed );
+        return noErr;
+    }
+
+stop_stream:
+    stream->state = CALLBACK_STOPPED ;
+    if( stream->outputUnit )
+        AudioOutputUnitStop(stream->outputUnit);
+    if( stream->inputUnit )
+        AudioOutputUnitStop(stream->inputUnit);
+
+    PaUtil_EndCpuLoadMeasurement( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer, framesProcessed );
+    return noErr;
+}
+
+/*
+    When CloseStream() is called, the multi-api layer ensures that
+    the stream has already been stopped or aborted.
+*/
+static PaError CloseStream( PaStream* s )
+{
+    /* This may be called from a failed OpenStream.
+       Therefore, each piece of info is treated separately. */
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaMacCoreStream *stream = (PaMacCoreStream*)s;
+
+    VVDBUG(("CloseStream()\n"));
+    VDBUG( ( "Closing stream.\n" ) );
+
+    if( stream ) {
+
+        if( stream->outputUnit )
+        {
+            Boolean isInput = FALSE;
+            CleanupDevicePropertyListeners( stream, stream->outputDevice, isInput );
+        }
+
+        if( stream->inputUnit )
+        {
+            Boolean isInput = TRUE;
+            CleanupDevicePropertyListeners( stream, stream->inputDevice, isInput );
+        }
+
+        if( stream->outputUnit ) {
+            int count = removeFromXRunListenerList( stream );
+            if( count == 0 )
+                PaMacCore_AudioDeviceRemovePropertyListener( stream->outputDevice,
+                        0,
+                        false,
+                        kAudioDeviceProcessorOverload,
+                        xrunCallback, NULL ); //no need to pass actual node
+        }
+        if( stream->inputUnit && stream->outputUnit != stream->inputUnit ) {
+            int count = removeFromXRunListenerList( stream );
+            if( count == 0 )
+                PaMacCore_AudioDeviceRemovePropertyListener( stream->inputDevice,
+                        0,
+                        true,
+                        kAudioDeviceProcessorOverload,
+                        xrunCallback, NULL ); //no need to pass actual node
+        }
+        if( stream->outputUnit && stream->outputUnit != stream->inputUnit ) {
+            AudioUnitUninitialize( stream->outputUnit );
+            AudioComponentInstanceDispose( stream->outputUnit );
+        }
+        stream->outputUnit = NULL;
+        if( stream->inputUnit )
+        {
+            AudioUnitUninitialize( stream->inputUnit );
+            AudioComponentInstanceDispose( stream->inputUnit );
+            stream->inputUnit = NULL;
+        }
+        if( stream->inputRingBuffer.buffer )
+            free( (void *) stream->inputRingBuffer.buffer );
+        stream->inputRingBuffer.buffer = NULL;
+        /*TODO: is there more that needs to be done on error
+                from AudioConverterDispose?*/
+        if( stream->inputSRConverter )
+            ERR( AudioConverterDispose( stream->inputSRConverter ) );
+        stream->inputSRConverter = NULL;
+        if( stream->inputAudioBufferList.mBuffers[0].mData )
+            free( stream->inputAudioBufferList.mBuffers[0].mData );
+        stream->inputAudioBufferList.mBuffers[0].mData = NULL;
+
+        result = destroyBlioRingBuffers( &stream->blio );
+        if( result )
+            return result;
+        if( stream->bufferProcessorIsInitialized )
+            PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+
+        if( stream->timingInformationMutexIsInitialized )
+            pthread_mutex_destroy( &stream->timingInformationMutex );
+
+        PaUtil_TerminateStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation );
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError StartStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaMacCoreStream *stream = (PaMacCoreStream*)s;
+    OSStatus result = noErr;
+    VVDBUG(("StartStream()\n"));
+    VDBUG( ( "Starting stream.\n" ) );
+
+#define ERR_WRAP(mac_err) do { result = mac_err ; if ( result != noErr ) return ERR(result) ; } while(0)
+
+    /*FIXME: maybe want to do this on close/abort for faster start? */
+    PaUtil_ResetBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+    if(  stream->inputSRConverter )
+        ERR_WRAP( AudioConverterReset( stream->inputSRConverter ) );
+
+    /* -- start -- */
+    stream->state = ACTIVE;
+    if( stream->inputUnit ) {
+        ERR_WRAP( AudioOutputUnitStart(stream->inputUnit) );
+    }
+    if( stream->outputUnit && stream->outputUnit != stream->inputUnit ) {
+        ERR_WRAP( AudioOutputUnitStart(stream->outputUnit) );
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+#undef ERR_WRAP
+}
+
+// it's not clear from appl's docs that this really waits
+// until all data is flushed.
+static ComponentResult BlockWhileAudioUnitIsRunning( AudioUnit audioUnit, AudioUnitElement element )
+{
+    Boolean isRunning = 1;
+    while( isRunning ) {
+        UInt32 s = sizeof( isRunning );
+        ComponentResult err = AudioUnitGetProperty( audioUnit, kAudioOutputUnitProperty_IsRunning, kAudioUnitScope_Global, element,  &isRunning, &s );
+        if( err )
+            return err;
+        Pa_Sleep( 100 );
+    }
+    return noErr;
+}
+
+static PaError FinishStoppingStream( PaMacCoreStream *stream )
+{
+    OSStatus result = noErr;
+    PaError paErr;
+
+#define ERR_WRAP(mac_err) do { result = mac_err ; if ( result != noErr ) return ERR(result) ; } while(0)
+    /* -- stop and reset -- */
+    if( stream->inputUnit == stream->outputUnit && stream->inputUnit )
+    {
+        ERR_WRAP( AudioOutputUnitStop(stream->inputUnit) );
+        ERR_WRAP( BlockWhileAudioUnitIsRunning(stream->inputUnit,0) );
+        ERR_WRAP( BlockWhileAudioUnitIsRunning(stream->inputUnit,1) );
+        ERR_WRAP( AudioUnitReset(stream->inputUnit, kAudioUnitScope_Global, 1) );
+        ERR_WRAP( AudioUnitReset(stream->inputUnit, kAudioUnitScope_Global, 0) );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if( stream->inputUnit )
+        {
+            ERR_WRAP(AudioOutputUnitStop(stream->inputUnit) );
+            ERR_WRAP( BlockWhileAudioUnitIsRunning(stream->inputUnit,1) );
+            ERR_WRAP(AudioUnitReset(stream->inputUnit,kAudioUnitScope_Global,1));
+        }
+        if( stream->outputUnit )
+        {
+            ERR_WRAP(AudioOutputUnitStop(stream->outputUnit));
+            ERR_WRAP( BlockWhileAudioUnitIsRunning(stream->outputUnit,0) );
+            ERR_WRAP(AudioUnitReset(stream->outputUnit,kAudioUnitScope_Global,0));
+        }
+    }
+    if( stream->inputRingBuffer.buffer ) {
+        PaUtil_FlushRingBuffer( &stream->inputRingBuffer );
+        bzero( (void *)stream->inputRingBuffer.buffer,
+               stream->inputRingBuffer.bufferSize );
+        /* advance the write point a little, so we are reading from the
+           middle of the buffer. We'll need extra at the end because
+           testing has shown that this helps. */
+        if( stream->outputUnit )
+            PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferWriteIndex( &stream->inputRingBuffer,
+                                                stream->inputRingBuffer.bufferSize
+                                                / RING_BUFFER_ADVANCE_DENOMINATOR );
+    }
+
+    stream->xrunFlags = 0;
+    stream->state = STOPPED;
+
+    paErr = resetBlioRingBuffers( &stream->blio );
+    if( paErr )
+        return paErr;
+
+    VDBUG( ( "Stream Stopped.\n" ) );
+    return paNoError;
+#undef ERR_WRAP
+}
+
+/* Block until buffer is empty then stop the stream. */
+static PaError StopStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError paErr;
+    PaMacCoreStream *stream = (PaMacCoreStream*)s;
+    VVDBUG(("StopStream()\n"));
+
+    /* Tell WriteStream to stop filling the buffer. */
+    stream->state = STOPPING;
+
+    if( stream->userOutChan > 0 ) /* Does this stream do output? */
+    {
+        size_t maxHostFrames = MAX( stream->inputFramesPerBuffer, stream->outputFramesPerBuffer );
+        VDBUG( ("Waiting for write buffer to be drained.\n") );
+        paErr = waitUntilBlioWriteBufferIsEmpty( &stream->blio, stream->sampleRate,
+                maxHostFrames );
+        VDBUG( ( "waitUntilBlioWriteBufferIsEmpty returned %d\n", paErr ) );
+    }
+    return FinishStoppingStream( stream );
+}
+
+/* Immediately stop the stream. */
+static PaError AbortStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaMacCoreStream *stream = (PaMacCoreStream*)s;
+    VDBUG( ( "AbortStream()\n" ) );
+    stream->state = STOPPING;
+    return FinishStoppingStream( stream );
+}
+
+
+static PaError IsStreamStopped( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaMacCoreStream *stream = (PaMacCoreStream*)s;
+    VVDBUG(("IsStreamStopped()\n"));
+
+    return stream->state == STOPPED ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+
+static PaError IsStreamActive( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaMacCoreStream *stream = (PaMacCoreStream*)s;
+    VVDBUG(("IsStreamActive()\n"));
+    return ( stream->state == ACTIVE || stream->state == STOPPING );
+}
+
+
+static double GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaMacCoreStream *stream = (PaMacCoreStream*)s;
+    VVDBUG(("GetStreamCpuLoad()\n"));
+
+    return PaUtil_GetCpuLoad( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/coreaudio/pa_mac_core_blocking.c b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/coreaudio/pa_mac_core_blocking.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70515f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/coreaudio/pa_mac_core_blocking.c
@@ -0,0 +1,638 @@
+/*
+ * Implementation of the PortAudio API for Apple AUHAL
+ *
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * Latest Version at: http://www.portaudio.com
+ *
+ * Written by Bjorn Roche of XO Audio LLC, from PA skeleton code.
+ * Portions copied from code by Dominic Mazzoni (who wrote a HAL implementation)
+ *
+ * Dominic's code was based on code by Phil Burk, Darren Gibbs,
+ * Gord Peters, Stephane Letz, and Greg Pfiel.
+ *
+ * The following people also deserve acknowledgements:
+ *
+ * Olivier Tristan for feedback and testing
+ * Glenn Zelniker and Z-Systems engineering for sponsoring the Blocking I/O
+ * interface.
+ *
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/**
+ @file
+ @ingroup hostapi_src
+
+ This file contains the implementation
+ required for blocking I/O. It is separated from pa_mac_core.c simply to ease
+ development.
+*/
+
+#include "pa_mac_core_blocking.h"
+#include "pa_mac_core_internal.h"
+#include <assert.h>
+#ifdef MOSX_USE_NON_ATOMIC_FLAG_BITS
+# define OSAtomicOr32( a, b ) ( (*(b)) |= (a) )
+# define OSAtomicAnd32( a, b ) ( (*(b)) &= (a) )
+#else
+# include <libkern/OSAtomic.h>
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * This function determines the size of a particular sample format.
+ * if the format is not recognized, this returns zero.
+ */
+static size_t computeSampleSizeFromFormat( PaSampleFormat format )
+{
+    switch( format & (~paNonInterleaved) ) {
+    case paFloat32: return 4;
+    case paInt32:   return 4;
+    case paInt24:   return 3;
+    case paInt16:   return 2;
+    case paInt8:
+    case paUInt8:   return 1;
+    default:        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Same as computeSampleSizeFromFormat, except that if
+ * the size is not a power of two, it returns the next power of two up
+ */
+static size_t computeSampleSizeFromFormatPow2( PaSampleFormat format )
+{
+    switch( format & (~paNonInterleaved) ) {
+    case paFloat32: return 4;
+    case paInt32:   return 4;
+    case paInt24:   return 4;
+    case paInt16:   return 2;
+    case paInt8:
+    case paUInt8:   return 1;
+    default:        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Functions for initializing, resetting, and destroying BLIO structures.
+ *
+ */
+
+/**
+ * This should be called with the relevant info when initializing a stream for callback.
+ *
+ * @param ringBufferSizeInFrames must be a power of 2
+ */
+PaError initializeBlioRingBuffers(
+        PaMacBlio *blio,
+        PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat,
+        PaSampleFormat outputSampleFormat,
+        long ringBufferSizeInFrames,
+        int inChan,
+        int outChan )
+{
+    void *data;
+    int result;
+    OSStatus err;
+
+    /* zeroify things */
+    bzero( blio, sizeof( PaMacBlio ) );
+    /* this is redundant, but the buffers are used to check
+       if the buffers have been initialized, so we do it explicitly. */
+    blio->inputRingBuffer.buffer = NULL;
+    blio->outputRingBuffer.buffer = NULL;
+
+    /* initialize simple data */
+    blio->ringBufferFrames = ringBufferSizeInFrames;
+    blio->inputSampleFormat = inputSampleFormat;
+    blio->inputSampleSizeActual = computeSampleSizeFromFormat(inputSampleFormat);
+    blio->inputSampleSizePow2 = computeSampleSizeFromFormatPow2(inputSampleFormat); // FIXME: WHY?
+    blio->outputSampleFormat = outputSampleFormat;
+    blio->outputSampleSizeActual = computeSampleSizeFromFormat(outputSampleFormat);
+    blio->outputSampleSizePow2 = computeSampleSizeFromFormatPow2(outputSampleFormat);
+
+    blio->inChan = inChan;
+    blio->outChan = outChan;
+    blio->statusFlags = 0;
+    blio->errors = paNoError;
+#ifdef PA_MAC_BLIO_MUTEX
+    blio->isInputEmpty = false;
+    blio->isOutputFull = false;
+#endif
+
+    /* setup ring buffers */
+#ifdef PA_MAC_BLIO_MUTEX
+    result = PaMacCore_SetUnixError( pthread_mutex_init(&(blio->inputMutex),NULL), 0 );
+    if( result )
+        goto error;
+    result = UNIX_ERR( pthread_cond_init( &(blio->inputCond), NULL ) );
+    if( result )
+        goto error;
+    result = UNIX_ERR( pthread_mutex_init(&(blio->outputMutex),NULL) );
+    if( result )
+        goto error;
+    result = UNIX_ERR( pthread_cond_init( &(blio->outputCond), NULL ) );
+#endif
+    if( inChan ) {
+        data = calloc( ringBufferSizeInFrames, blio->inputSampleSizePow2 * inChan );
+        if( !data )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        err = PaUtil_InitializeRingBuffer(
+                &blio->inputRingBuffer,
+                blio->inputSampleSizePow2 * inChan,
+                ringBufferSizeInFrames,
+                data );
+        assert( !err );
+    }
+    if( outChan ) {
+        data = calloc( ringBufferSizeInFrames, blio->outputSampleSizePow2 * outChan );
+        if( !data )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        err = PaUtil_InitializeRingBuffer(
+                &blio->outputRingBuffer,
+                blio->outputSampleSizePow2 * outChan,
+                ringBufferSizeInFrames,
+                data );
+        assert( !err );
+    }
+
+    result = resetBlioRingBuffers( blio );
+    if( result )
+        goto error;
+
+    return 0;
+
+error:
+    destroyBlioRingBuffers( blio );
+    return result;
+}
+
+#ifdef PA_MAC_BLIO_MUTEX
+PaError blioSetIsInputEmpty( PaMacBlio *blio, bool isEmpty )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    if( isEmpty == blio->isInputEmpty )
+        goto done;
+
+    /* we need to update the value. Here's what we do:
+     * - Lock the mutex, so no one else can write.
+     * - update the value.
+     * - unlock.
+     * - broadcast to all listeners.
+     */
+    result = UNIX_ERR( pthread_mutex_lock( &blio->inputMutex ) );
+    if( result )
+        goto done;
+    blio->isInputEmpty = isEmpty;
+    result = UNIX_ERR( pthread_mutex_unlock( &blio->inputMutex ) );
+    if( result )
+        goto done;
+    result = UNIX_ERR( pthread_cond_broadcast( &blio->inputCond ) );
+    if( result )
+        goto done;
+
+done:
+    return result;
+}
+PaError blioSetIsOutputFull( PaMacBlio *blio, bool isFull )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    if( isFull == blio->isOutputFull )
+        goto done;
+
+    /* we need to update the value. Here's what we do:
+     * - Lock the mutex, so no one else can write.
+     * - update the value.
+     * - unlock.
+     * - broadcast to all listeners.
+     */
+    result = UNIX_ERR( pthread_mutex_lock( &blio->outputMutex ) );
+    if( result )
+        goto done;
+    blio->isOutputFull = isFull;
+    result = UNIX_ERR( pthread_mutex_unlock( &blio->outputMutex ) );
+    if( result )
+        goto done;
+    result = UNIX_ERR( pthread_cond_broadcast( &blio->outputCond ) );
+    if( result )
+        goto done;
+
+done:
+    return result;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* This should be called after stopping or aborting the stream, so that on next
+   start, the buffers will be ready. */
+PaError resetBlioRingBuffers( PaMacBlio *blio )
+{
+#ifdef PA_MAC__BLIO_MUTEX
+    int result;
+#endif
+    blio->statusFlags = 0;
+    if( blio->outputRingBuffer.buffer ) {
+        PaUtil_FlushRingBuffer( &blio->outputRingBuffer );
+        /* Fill the buffer with zeros. */
+        bzero( blio->outputRingBuffer.buffer,
+               blio->outputRingBuffer.bufferSize * blio->outputRingBuffer.elementSizeBytes );
+        PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferWriteIndex( &blio->outputRingBuffer, blio->ringBufferFrames );
+
+        /* Update isOutputFull. */
+#ifdef PA_MAC__BLIO_MUTEX
+        result = blioSetIsOutputFull( blio, toAdvance == blio->outputRingBuffer.bufferSize );
+        if( result )
+            goto error;
+#endif
+        /*
+              printf( "------%d\n" ,  blio->outChan );
+              printf( "------%d\n" ,  blio->outputSampleSize );
+        */
+    }
+    if( blio->inputRingBuffer.buffer ) {
+        PaUtil_FlushRingBuffer( &blio->inputRingBuffer );
+        bzero( blio->inputRingBuffer.buffer,
+               blio->inputRingBuffer.bufferSize * blio->inputRingBuffer.elementSizeBytes );
+        /* Update isInputEmpty. */
+#ifdef PA_MAC__BLIO_MUTEX
+        result = blioSetIsInputEmpty( blio, true );
+        if( result )
+            goto error;
+#endif
+    }
+    return paNoError;
+#ifdef PA_MAC__BLIO_MUTEX
+error:
+    return result;
+#endif
+}
+
+/*This should be called when you are done with the blio. It can safely be called
+  multiple times if there are no exceptions. */
+PaError destroyBlioRingBuffers( PaMacBlio *blio )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    if( blio->inputRingBuffer.buffer ) {
+        free( blio->inputRingBuffer.buffer );
+#ifdef PA_MAC__BLIO_MUTEX
+        result = UNIX_ERR( pthread_mutex_destroy( & blio->inputMutex ) );
+        if( result ) return result;
+        result = UNIX_ERR( pthread_cond_destroy( & blio->inputCond ) );
+        if( result ) return result;
+#endif
+    }
+    blio->inputRingBuffer.buffer = NULL;
+    if( blio->outputRingBuffer.buffer ) {
+        free( blio->outputRingBuffer.buffer );
+#ifdef PA_MAC__BLIO_MUTEX
+        result = UNIX_ERR( pthread_mutex_destroy( & blio->outputMutex ) );
+        if( result ) return result;
+        result = UNIX_ERR( pthread_cond_destroy( & blio->outputCond ) );
+        if( result ) return result;
+#endif
+    }
+    blio->outputRingBuffer.buffer = NULL;
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * this is the BlioCallback function. It expects to receive a PaMacBlio Object
+ * pointer as userData.
+ *
+ */
+int BlioCallback( const void *input, void *output, unsigned long frameCount,
+                  const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo* timeInfo,
+                  PaStreamCallbackFlags statusFlags,
+                  void *userData )
+{
+    PaMacBlio *blio = (PaMacBlio*)userData;
+    ring_buffer_size_t framesAvailable;
+    ring_buffer_size_t framesToTransfer;
+    ring_buffer_size_t framesTransferred;
+
+    /* set flags returned by OS: */
+    OSAtomicOr32( statusFlags, &blio->statusFlags ) ;
+
+    /* --- Handle Input Buffer --- */
+    if( blio->inChan ) {
+        framesAvailable = PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteAvailable( &blio->inputRingBuffer );
+
+        /* check for underflow */
+        if( framesAvailable < frameCount )
+        {
+            OSAtomicOr32( paInputOverflow, &blio->statusFlags );
+            framesToTransfer = framesAvailable;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            framesToTransfer = (ring_buffer_size_t)frameCount;
+        }
+
+        /* Copy the data from the audio input to the application ring buffer. */
+        /*printf( "reading %d\n", toRead );*/
+        framesTransferred = PaUtil_WriteRingBuffer( &blio->inputRingBuffer, input, framesToTransfer );
+        assert( framesToTransfer == framesTransferred );
+#ifdef PA_MAC__BLIO_MUTEX
+        /* Priority inversion. See notes below. */
+        blioSetIsInputEmpty( blio, false );
+#endif
+    }
+
+
+    /* --- Handle Output Buffer --- */
+    if( blio->outChan ) {
+        framesAvailable = PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable( &blio->outputRingBuffer );
+
+        /* check for underflow */
+        if( framesAvailable < frameCount )
+        {
+            /* zero out the end of the output buffer that we do not have data for */
+            framesToTransfer = framesAvailable;
+
+            size_t bytesPerFrame = blio->outputSampleSizeActual * blio->outChan;
+            size_t offsetInBytes = framesToTransfer * bytesPerFrame;
+            size_t countInBytes = (frameCount - framesToTransfer) * bytesPerFrame;
+            bzero( ((char *)output) + offsetInBytes, countInBytes );
+
+            OSAtomicOr32( paOutputUnderflow, &blio->statusFlags );
+            framesToTransfer = framesAvailable;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            framesToTransfer = (ring_buffer_size_t)frameCount;
+        }
+
+        /* copy the data */
+        /*printf( "writing %d\n", toWrite );*/
+        framesTransferred = PaUtil_ReadRingBuffer( &blio->outputRingBuffer, output, framesToTransfer );
+        assert( framesToTransfer == framesTransferred );
+#ifdef PA_MAC__BLIO_MUTEX
+        /* We have a priority inversion here. However, we will only have to
+           wait if this was true and is now false, which means we've got
+           some room in the buffer.
+           Hopefully problems will be minimized. */
+        blioSetIsOutputFull( blio, false );
+#endif
+    }
+
+    return paContinue;
+}
+
+PaError ReadStream( PaStream* stream,
+                    void *buffer,
+                    unsigned long framesRequested )
+{
+    PaMacBlio *blio = & ((PaMacCoreStream*)stream) -> blio;
+    char *cbuf = (char *) buffer;
+    PaError ret = paNoError;
+    VVDBUG(("ReadStream()\n"));
+
+    while( framesRequested > 0 ) {
+        ring_buffer_size_t framesAvailable;
+        ring_buffer_size_t framesToTransfer;
+        ring_buffer_size_t framesTransferred;
+        do {
+            framesAvailable = PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable( &blio->inputRingBuffer );
+            /*
+                      printf( "Read Buffer is %%%g full: %ld of %ld.\n",
+                              100 * (float)avail / (float) blio->inputRingBuffer.bufferSize,
+                              framesAvailable, blio->inputRingBuffer.bufferSize );
+            */
+            if( framesAvailable == 0 ) {
+#ifdef PA_MAC_BLIO_MUTEX
+                /**block when empty*/
+                ret = UNIX_ERR( pthread_mutex_lock( &blio->inputMutex ) );
+                if( ret )
+                    return ret;
+                while( blio->isInputEmpty ) {
+                    ret = UNIX_ERR( pthread_cond_wait( &blio->inputCond, &blio->inputMutex ) );
+                    if( ret )
+                        return ret;
+                }
+                ret = UNIX_ERR( pthread_mutex_unlock( &blio->inputMutex ) );
+                if( ret )
+                    return ret;
+#else
+                Pa_Sleep( PA_MAC_BLIO_BUSY_WAIT_SLEEP_INTERVAL );
+#endif
+            }
+        } while( framesAvailable == 0 );
+        framesToTransfer = (ring_buffer_size_t) MIN( framesAvailable, framesRequested );
+        framesTransferred = PaUtil_ReadRingBuffer( &blio->inputRingBuffer, (void *)cbuf, framesToTransfer );
+        cbuf += framesTransferred * blio->inputSampleSizeActual * blio->inChan;
+        framesRequested -= framesTransferred;
+
+        if( framesToTransfer == framesAvailable ) {
+#ifdef PA_MAC_BLIO_MUTEX
+            /* we just emptied the buffer, so we need to mark it as empty. */
+            ret = blioSetIsInputEmpty( blio, true );
+            if( ret )
+                return ret;
+            /* of course, in the meantime, the callback may have put some sats
+               in, so
+               so check for that, too, to avoid a race condition. */
+            /* FIXME - this does not seem to fix any race condition. */
+            if( PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable( &blio->inputRingBuffer ) ) {
+                blioSetIsInputEmpty( blio, false );
+                /* FIXME - why check? ret has not been set? */
+                if( ret )
+                    return ret;
+            }
+#endif
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*   Report either paNoError or paInputOverflowed. */
+    /*   may also want to report other errors, but this is non-standard. */
+    /* FIXME should not clobber ret, use if(blio->statusFlags & paInputOverflow) */
+    ret = blio->statusFlags & paInputOverflow;
+
+    /* report underflow only once: */
+    if( ret ) {
+        OSAtomicAnd32( (uint32_t)(~paInputOverflow), &blio->statusFlags );
+        ret = paInputOverflowed;
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+
+PaError WriteStream( PaStream* stream,
+                     const void *buffer,
+                     unsigned long framesRequested )
+{
+    PaMacCoreStream *macStream = (PaMacCoreStream*)stream;
+    PaMacBlio *blio = &macStream->blio;
+    char *cbuf = (char *) buffer;
+    PaError ret = paNoError;
+    VVDBUG(("WriteStream()\n"));
+
+    while( framesRequested > 0 && macStream->state != STOPPING ) {
+        ring_buffer_size_t framesAvailable;
+        ring_buffer_size_t framesToTransfer;
+        ring_buffer_size_t framesTransferred;
+
+        do {
+            framesAvailable = PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteAvailable( &blio->outputRingBuffer );
+            /*
+                      printf( "Write Buffer is %%%g full: %ld of %ld.\n",
+                              100 - 100 * (float)avail / (float) blio->outputRingBuffer.bufferSize,
+                              framesAvailable, blio->outputRingBuffer.bufferSize );
+            */
+            if( framesAvailable == 0 ) {
+#ifdef PA_MAC_BLIO_MUTEX
+                /*block while full*/
+                ret = UNIX_ERR( pthread_mutex_lock( &blio->outputMutex ) );
+                if( ret )
+                    return ret;
+                while( blio->isOutputFull ) {
+                    ret = UNIX_ERR( pthread_cond_wait( &blio->outputCond, &blio->outputMutex ) );
+                    if( ret )
+                        return ret;
+                }
+                ret = UNIX_ERR( pthread_mutex_unlock( &blio->outputMutex ) );
+                if( ret )
+                    return ret;
+#else
+                Pa_Sleep( PA_MAC_BLIO_BUSY_WAIT_SLEEP_INTERVAL );
+#endif
+            }
+        } while( framesAvailable == 0 && macStream->state != STOPPING );
+
+        if( macStream->state == STOPPING )
+        {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        framesToTransfer = MIN( framesAvailable, framesRequested );
+        framesTransferred = PaUtil_WriteRingBuffer( &blio->outputRingBuffer, (void *)cbuf, framesToTransfer );
+        cbuf += framesTransferred * blio->outputSampleSizeActual * blio->outChan;
+        framesRequested -= framesTransferred;
+
+#ifdef PA_MAC_BLIO_MUTEX
+        if( framesToTransfer == framesAvailable ) {
+            /* we just filled up the buffer, so we need to mark it as filled. */
+            ret = blioSetIsOutputFull( blio, true );
+            if( ret )
+                return ret;
+            /* of course, in the meantime, we may have emptied the buffer, so
+               so check for that, too, to avoid a race condition. */
+            if( PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteAvailable( &blio->outputRingBuffer ) ) {
+                blioSetIsOutputFull( blio, false );
+                /* FIXME remove or review this code, does not fix race, ret not set! */
+                if( ret )
+                    return ret;
+            }
+        }
+#endif
+    }
+
+    if ( macStream->state == STOPPING )
+    {
+        ret = paInternalError;
+    }
+    else if (ret == paNoError )
+    {
+        /*   Test for underflow. */
+        ret = blio->statusFlags & paOutputUnderflow;
+
+        /* report underflow only once: */
+        if( ret )
+        {
+            OSAtomicAnd32( (uint32_t)(~paOutputUnderflow), &blio->statusFlags );
+            ret = paOutputUnderflowed;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Wait until the data in the buffer has finished playing.
+ */
+PaError waitUntilBlioWriteBufferIsEmpty( PaMacBlio *blio, double sampleRate,
+        size_t framesPerBuffer )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    if( blio->outputRingBuffer.buffer ) {
+        ring_buffer_size_t framesLeft = PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable( &blio->outputRingBuffer );
+
+        /* Calculate when we should give up waiting. To be safe wait for two extra periods. */
+        PaTime now = PaUtil_GetTime();
+        PaTime startTime = now;
+        PaTime timeoutTime = startTime + (framesLeft + (2 * framesPerBuffer)) / sampleRate;
+
+        long msecPerBuffer = 1 + (long)( 1000.0 * framesPerBuffer / sampleRate);
+        while( framesLeft > 0 && now < timeoutTime ) {
+            VDBUG(( "waitUntilBlioWriteBufferIsFlushed: framesLeft = %d, framesPerBuffer = %ld\n",
+                    framesLeft, framesPerBuffer ));
+            Pa_Sleep( msecPerBuffer );
+            framesLeft = PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable( &blio->outputRingBuffer );
+            now = PaUtil_GetTime();
+        }
+
+        if( framesLeft > 0 )
+        {
+            VDBUG(( "waitUntilBlioWriteBufferIsFlushed: TIMED OUT - framesLeft = %d\n", framesLeft ));
+            result = paTimedOut;
+        }
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+signed long GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream* stream )
+{
+    PaMacBlio *blio = & ((PaMacCoreStream*)stream) -> blio;
+    VVDBUG(("GetStreamReadAvailable()\n"));
+
+    return PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable( &blio->inputRingBuffer );
+}
+
+
+signed long GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream* stream )
+{
+    PaMacBlio *blio = & ((PaMacCoreStream*)stream) -> blio;
+    VVDBUG(("GetStreamWriteAvailable()\n"));
+
+    return PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteAvailable( &blio->outputRingBuffer );
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/coreaudio/pa_mac_core_blocking.h b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/coreaudio/pa_mac_core_blocking.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c0e564a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/coreaudio/pa_mac_core_blocking.h
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+/*
+ * Internal blocking interfaces for PortAudio Apple AUHAL implementation
+ *
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * Latest Version at: http://www.portaudio.com
+ *
+ * Written by Bjorn Roche of XO Audio LLC, from PA skeleton code.
+ * Portions copied from code by Dominic Mazzoni (who wrote a HAL implementation)
+ *
+ * Dominic's code was based on code by Phil Burk, Darren Gibbs,
+ * Gord Peters, Stephane Letz, and Greg Pfiel.
+ *
+ * The following people also deserve acknowledgements:
+ *
+ * Olivier Tristan for feedback and testing
+ * Glenn Zelniker and Z-Systems engineering for sponsoring the Blocking I/O
+ * interface.
+ *
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/**
+ @file
+ @ingroup hostapi_src
+*/
+
+#ifndef PA_MAC_CORE_BLOCKING_H_
+#define PA_MAC_CORE_BLOCKING_H_
+
+#include "pa_ringbuffer.h"
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_mac_core_utilities.h"
+
+/*
+ * Number of milliseconds to busy wait while waiting for data in blocking calls.
+ */
+#define PA_MAC_BLIO_BUSY_WAIT_SLEEP_INTERVAL (5)
+/*
+ * Define exactly one of these blocking methods
+ * PA_MAC_BLIO_MUTEX is not actively maintained.
+ */
+#define PA_MAC_BLIO_BUSY_WAIT
+/*
+#define PA_MAC_BLIO_MUTEX
+*/
+
+typedef struct {
+    PaUtilRingBuffer inputRingBuffer;
+    PaUtilRingBuffer outputRingBuffer;
+    ring_buffer_size_t ringBufferFrames;
+    PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat;
+    size_t inputSampleSizeActual;
+    size_t inputSampleSizePow2;
+    PaSampleFormat outputSampleFormat;
+    size_t outputSampleSizeActual;
+    size_t outputSampleSizePow2;
+
+    int inChan;
+    int outChan;
+
+    //PaStreamCallbackFlags statusFlags;
+    uint32_t statusFlags;
+    PaError errors;
+
+    /* Here we handle blocking, using condition variables. */
+#ifdef  PA_MAC_BLIO_MUTEX
+    volatile bool isInputEmpty;
+    pthread_mutex_t inputMutex;
+    pthread_cond_t inputCond;
+
+    volatile bool isOutputFull;
+    pthread_mutex_t outputMutex;
+    pthread_cond_t outputCond;
+#endif
+}
+PaMacBlio;
+
+/*
+ * These functions operate on condition and related variables.
+ */
+
+PaError initializeBlioRingBuffers(
+        PaMacBlio *blio,
+        PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat,
+        PaSampleFormat outputSampleFormat,
+        long ringBufferSizeInFrames,
+        int inChan,
+        int outChan );
+PaError destroyBlioRingBuffers( PaMacBlio *blio );
+PaError resetBlioRingBuffers( PaMacBlio *blio );
+
+int BlioCallback(
+        const void *input, void *output,
+        unsigned long frameCount,
+        const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo* timeInfo,
+        PaStreamCallbackFlags statusFlags,
+        void *userData );
+
+PaError waitUntilBlioWriteBufferIsEmpty( PaMacBlio *blio, double sampleRate,
+        size_t framesPerBuffer );
+
+#endif /*PA_MAC_CORE_BLOCKING_H_*/
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/coreaudio/pa_mac_core_internal.h b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/coreaudio/pa_mac_core_internal.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d4a97e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/coreaudio/pa_mac_core_internal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+/*
+ * Internal interfaces for PortAudio Apple AUHAL implementation
+ *
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * Latest Version at: http://www.portaudio.com
+ *
+ * Written by Bjorn Roche of XO Audio LLC, from PA skeleton code.
+ * Portions copied from code by Dominic Mazzoni (who wrote a HAL implementation)
+ *
+ * Dominic's code was based on code by Phil Burk, Darren Gibbs,
+ * Gord Peters, Stephane Letz, and Greg Pfiel.
+ *
+ * The following people also deserve acknowledgements:
+ *
+ * Olivier Tristan for feedback and testing
+ * Glenn Zelniker and Z-Systems engineering for sponsoring the Blocking I/O
+ * interface.
+ *
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/**
+ @file pa_mac_core
+ @ingroup hostapi_src
+ @author Bjorn Roche
+ @brief AUHAL implementation of PortAudio
+*/
+
+#ifndef PA_MAC_CORE_INTERNAL_H__
+#define PA_MAC_CORE_INTERNAL_H__
+
+#include <CoreAudio/CoreAudio.h>
+#include <CoreServices/CoreServices.h>
+#include <AudioUnit/AudioUnit.h>
+#include <AudioToolbox/AudioToolbox.h>
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_util.h"
+#include "pa_hostapi.h"
+#include "pa_stream.h"
+#include "pa_allocation.h"
+#include "pa_cpuload.h"
+#include "pa_process.h"
+#include "pa_ringbuffer.h"
+
+#include "pa_mac_core_blocking.h"
+
+/* function prototypes */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+PaError PaMacCore_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#define RING_BUFFER_ADVANCE_DENOMINATOR (4)
+
+PaError ReadStream( PaStream* stream, void *buffer, unsigned long frames );
+PaError WriteStream( PaStream* stream, const void *buffer, unsigned long frames );
+signed long GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream* stream );
+signed long GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream* stream );
+/* PaMacAUHAL - host api datastructure specific to this implementation */
+typedef struct
+{
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation inheritedHostApiRep;
+    PaUtilStreamInterface callbackStreamInterface;
+    PaUtilStreamInterface blockingStreamInterface;
+
+    PaUtilAllocationGroup *allocations;
+
+    /* implementation specific data goes here */
+    long devCount;
+    AudioDeviceID *devIds; /*array of all audio devices*/
+    AudioDeviceID defaultIn;
+    AudioDeviceID defaultOut;
+}
+PaMacAUHAL;
+
+typedef struct PaMacCoreDeviceProperties
+{
+    /* Values in Frames from property queries. */
+    UInt32 safetyOffset;
+    UInt32 bufferFrameSize;
+    // UInt32 streamLatency; // Seems to be the same as deviceLatency!?
+    UInt32 deviceLatency;
+    /* Current device sample rate. May change!
+       These are initialized to the nominal device sample rate,
+       and updated with the actual sample rate, when/where available.
+       Note that these are the *device* sample rates, prior to any required
+       SR conversion. */
+    Float64 sampleRate;
+    Float64 samplePeriod; // reciprocal
+}
+PaMacCoreDeviceProperties;
+
+/* stream data structure specifically for this implementation */
+typedef struct PaMacCoreStream
+{
+    PaUtilStreamRepresentation streamRepresentation;
+    PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer cpuLoadMeasurer;
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor bufferProcessor;
+
+    /* implementation specific data goes here */
+    bool bufferProcessorIsInitialized;
+    AudioUnit inputUnit;
+    AudioUnit outputUnit;
+    AudioDeviceID inputDevice;
+    AudioDeviceID outputDevice;
+    size_t userInChan;
+    size_t userOutChan;
+    size_t inputFramesPerBuffer;
+    size_t outputFramesPerBuffer;
+    PaMacBlio blio;
+    /* We use this ring buffer when input and out devs are different. */
+    PaUtilRingBuffer inputRingBuffer;
+    /* We may need to do SR conversion on input. */
+    AudioConverterRef inputSRConverter;
+    /* We need to preallocate an inputBuffer for reading data. */
+    AudioBufferList inputAudioBufferList;
+    AudioTimeStamp startTime;
+    /* FIXME: instead of volatile, these should be properly memory barriered */
+    volatile uint32_t xrunFlags; /*PaStreamCallbackFlags*/
+    volatile enum {
+        STOPPED          = 0, /* playback is completely stopped,
+                                and the user has called StopStream(). */
+        CALLBACK_STOPPED = 1, /* callback has requested stop,
+                                but user has not yet called StopStream(). */
+        STOPPING         = 2, /* The stream is in the process of closing
+                                because the user has called StopStream.
+                                This state is just used internally;
+                                externally it is indistinguishable from
+                                ACTIVE.*/
+        ACTIVE           = 3  /* The stream is active and running. */
+    } state;
+    double sampleRate;
+    PaMacCoreDeviceProperties  inputProperties;
+    PaMacCoreDeviceProperties  outputProperties;
+
+    /* data updated by main thread and notifications, protected by timingInformationMutex */
+    int timingInformationMutexIsInitialized;
+    pthread_mutex_t timingInformationMutex;
+
+    /* These are written by the PA thread or from CoreAudio callbacks. Protected by the mutex. */
+    Float64 timestampOffsetCombined;
+    Float64 timestampOffsetInputDevice;
+    Float64 timestampOffsetOutputDevice;
+
+    /* Offsets in seconds to be applied to Apple timestamps to convert them to PA timestamps.
+     * While the io proc is active, the following values are only accessed and manipulated by the ioproc */
+    Float64 timestampOffsetCombined_ioProcCopy;
+    Float64 timestampOffsetInputDevice_ioProcCopy;
+    Float64 timestampOffsetOutputDevice_ioProcCopy;
+}
+PaMacCoreStream;
+
+#endif /* PA_MAC_CORE_INTERNAL_H__ */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/coreaudio/pa_mac_core_utilities.c b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/coreaudio/pa_mac_core_utilities.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1afa19a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/coreaudio/pa_mac_core_utilities.c
@@ -0,0 +1,816 @@
+/*
+ * Helper and utility functions for pa_mac_core.c (Apple AUHAL implementation)
+ *
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * Latest Version at: http://www.portaudio.com
+ *
+ * Written by Bjorn Roche of XO Audio LLC, from PA skeleton code.
+ * Portions copied from code by Dominic Mazzoni (who wrote a HAL implementation)
+ *
+ * Dominic's code was based on code by Phil Burk, Darren Gibbs,
+ * Gord Peters, Stephane Letz, and Greg Pfiel.
+ *
+ * The following people also deserve acknowledgements:
+ *
+ * Olivier Tristan for feedback and testing
+ * Glenn Zelniker and Z-Systems engineering for sponsoring the Blocking I/O
+ * interface.
+ *
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/**
+ @file
+ @ingroup hostapi_src
+*/
+
+#include "pa_mac_core_utilities.h"
+#include "pa_mac_core_internal.h"
+#include <libkern/OSAtomic.h>
+#include <strings.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+
+OSStatus PaMacCore_AudioHardwareGetProperty(
+        AudioHardwarePropertyID inPropertyID,
+        UInt32*                 ioPropertyDataSize,
+        void*                   outPropertyData )
+{
+    AudioObjectPropertyAddress address = { inPropertyID, kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal, kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster };
+    return AudioObjectGetPropertyData(kAudioObjectSystemObject, &address, 0, NULL, ioPropertyDataSize, outPropertyData);
+}
+
+OSStatus PaMacCore_AudioHardwareGetPropertySize(
+        AudioHardwarePropertyID inPropertyID,
+        UInt32*                 outSize )
+{
+    AudioObjectPropertyAddress address = { inPropertyID, kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal, kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster };
+    return AudioObjectGetPropertyDataSize(kAudioObjectSystemObject, &address, 0, NULL, outSize);
+}
+
+OSStatus PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty(
+        AudioDeviceID         inDevice,
+        UInt32                inChannel,
+        Boolean               isInput,
+        AudioDevicePropertyID inPropertyID,
+        UInt32*               ioPropertyDataSize,
+        void*                 outPropertyData )
+{
+    AudioObjectPropertyScope scope = isInput ? kAudioDevicePropertyScopeInput : kAudioDevicePropertyScopeOutput;
+    AudioObjectPropertyAddress address = { inPropertyID, scope, inChannel };
+    return AudioObjectGetPropertyData(inDevice, &address, 0, NULL, ioPropertyDataSize, outPropertyData);
+}
+
+OSStatus PaMacCore_AudioDeviceSetProperty(
+        AudioDeviceID         inDevice,
+        const AudioTimeStamp* inWhen,
+        UInt32                inChannel,
+        Boolean               isInput,
+        AudioDevicePropertyID inPropertyID,
+        UInt32                inPropertyDataSize,
+        const void*           inPropertyData )
+{
+    AudioObjectPropertyScope scope = isInput ? kAudioDevicePropertyScopeInput : kAudioDevicePropertyScopeOutput;
+    AudioObjectPropertyAddress address = { inPropertyID, scope, inChannel };
+    return AudioObjectSetPropertyData(inDevice, &address, 0, NULL, inPropertyDataSize, inPropertyData);
+}
+
+OSStatus PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetPropertySize(
+        AudioDeviceID         inDevice,
+        UInt32                inChannel,
+        Boolean               isInput,
+        AudioDevicePropertyID inPropertyID,
+        UInt32*               outSize )
+{
+    AudioObjectPropertyScope scope = isInput ? kAudioDevicePropertyScopeInput : kAudioDevicePropertyScopeOutput;
+    AudioObjectPropertyAddress address = { inPropertyID, scope, inChannel };
+    return AudioObjectGetPropertyDataSize(inDevice, &address, 0, NULL, outSize);
+}
+
+OSStatus PaMacCore_AudioDeviceAddPropertyListener(
+        AudioDeviceID                   inDevice,
+        UInt32                          inChannel,
+        Boolean                         isInput,
+        AudioDevicePropertyID           inPropertyID,
+        AudioObjectPropertyListenerProc inProc,
+        void*                           inClientData )
+{
+    AudioObjectPropertyScope scope = isInput ? kAudioDevicePropertyScopeInput : kAudioDevicePropertyScopeOutput;
+    AudioObjectPropertyAddress address = { inPropertyID, scope, inChannel };
+    return AudioObjectAddPropertyListener(inDevice, &address, inProc, inClientData);
+}
+
+OSStatus PaMacCore_AudioDeviceRemovePropertyListener(
+        AudioDeviceID                   inDevice,
+        UInt32                          inChannel,
+        Boolean                         isInput,
+        AudioDevicePropertyID           inPropertyID,
+        AudioObjectPropertyListenerProc inProc,
+        void*                           inClientData )
+{
+    AudioObjectPropertyScope scope = isInput ? kAudioDevicePropertyScopeInput : kAudioDevicePropertyScopeOutput;
+    AudioObjectPropertyAddress address = { inPropertyID, scope, inChannel };
+    return AudioObjectRemovePropertyListener(inDevice, &address, inProc, inClientData);
+}
+
+OSStatus PaMacCore_AudioStreamGetProperty(
+        AudioStreamID         inStream,
+        UInt32                inChannel,
+        AudioDevicePropertyID inPropertyID,
+        UInt32*               ioPropertyDataSize,
+        void*                 outPropertyData )
+{
+    AudioObjectPropertyAddress address = { inPropertyID, kAudioObjectPropertyScopeGlobal, kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster };
+    return AudioObjectGetPropertyData(inStream, &address, 0, NULL, ioPropertyDataSize, outPropertyData);
+}
+
+PaError PaMacCore_SetUnixError( int err, int line )
+{
+    PaError ret;
+    const char *errorText;
+
+    if( err == 0 )
+    {
+        return paNoError;
+    }
+
+    ret = paNoError;
+    errorText = strerror( err );
+
+    /** Map Unix error to PaError. Pretty much the only one that maps
+        is ENOMEM. */
+    if( err == ENOMEM )
+        ret = paInsufficientMemory;
+    else
+        ret = paInternalError;
+
+    DBUG(("%d on line %d: msg='%s'\n", err, line, errorText));
+    PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( paCoreAudio, err, errorText );
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Translates MacOS generated errors into PaErrors
+ */
+PaError PaMacCore_SetError(OSStatus error, int line, int isError)
+{
+    /*FIXME: still need to handle possible ComponentResult values.*/
+    /*       unfortunately, they don't seem to be documented anywhere.*/
+    PaError result;
+    const char *errorType;
+    const char *errorText;
+
+    switch (error) {
+    case kAudioHardwareNoError:
+        return paNoError;
+    case kAudioHardwareNotRunningError:
+        errorText = "Audio Hardware Not Running";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioHardwareUnspecifiedError:
+        errorText = "Unspecified Audio Hardware Error";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioHardwareUnknownPropertyError:
+        errorText = "Audio Hardware: Unknown Property";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioHardwareBadPropertySizeError:
+        errorText = "Audio Hardware: Bad Property Size";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioHardwareIllegalOperationError:
+        errorText = "Audio Hardware: Illegal Operation";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioHardwareBadDeviceError:
+        errorText = "Audio Hardware: Bad Device";
+        result = paInvalidDevice;
+        break;
+    case kAudioHardwareBadStreamError:
+        errorText = "Audio Hardware: BadStream";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioHardwareUnsupportedOperationError:
+        errorText = "Audio Hardware: Unsupported Operation";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioDeviceUnsupportedFormatError:
+        errorText = "Audio Device: Unsupported Format";
+        result = paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+        break;
+    case kAudioDevicePermissionsError:
+        errorText = "Audio Device: Permissions Error";
+        result = paDeviceUnavailable;
+        break;
+    /* Audio Unit Errors: http://developer.apple.com/documentation/MusicAudio/Reference/CoreAudio/audio_units/chapter_5_section_3.html */
+    case kAudioUnitErr_InvalidProperty:
+        errorText = "Audio Unit: Invalid Property";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioUnitErr_InvalidParameter:
+        errorText = "Audio Unit: Invalid Parameter";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioUnitErr_NoConnection:
+        errorText = "Audio Unit: No Connection";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioUnitErr_FailedInitialization:
+        errorText = "Audio Unit: Initialization Failed";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioUnitErr_TooManyFramesToProcess:
+        errorText = "Audio Unit: Too Many Frames";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioUnitErr_InvalidFile:
+        errorText = "Audio Unit: Invalid File";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioUnitErr_UnknownFileType:
+        errorText = "Audio Unit: Unknown File Type";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioUnitErr_FileNotSpecified:
+        errorText = "Audio Unit: File Not Specified";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioUnitErr_FormatNotSupported:
+        errorText = "Audio Unit: Format Not Supported";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioUnitErr_Uninitialized:
+        errorText = "Audio Unit: Uninitialized";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioUnitErr_InvalidScope:
+        errorText = "Audio Unit: Invalid Scope";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioUnitErr_PropertyNotWritable:
+        errorText = "Audio Unit: PropertyNotWritable";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioUnitErr_InvalidPropertyValue:
+        errorText = "Audio Unit: Invalid Property Value";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioUnitErr_PropertyNotInUse:
+        errorText = "Audio Unit: Property Not In Use";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioUnitErr_Initialized:
+        errorText = "Audio Unit: Initialized";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioUnitErr_InvalidOfflineRender:
+        errorText = "Audio Unit: Invalid Offline Render";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioUnitErr_Unauthorized:
+        errorText = "Audio Unit: Unauthorized";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    case kAudioUnitErr_CannotDoInCurrentContext:
+        errorText = "Audio Unit: cannot do in current context";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        break;
+    default:
+        errorText = "Unknown Error";
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    }
+
+    if (isError)
+        errorType = "Error";
+    else
+        errorType = "Warning";
+
+    char str[20];
+    // see if it appears to be a 4-char-code
+    *(UInt32 *)(str + 1) = CFSwapInt32HostToBig(error);
+    if (isprint(str[1]) && isprint(str[2]) && isprint(str[3]) && isprint(str[4]))
+    {
+        str[0] = str[5] = '\'';
+        str[6] = '\0';
+    } else {
+        // no, format it as an integer
+        sprintf(str, "%d", (int)error);
+    }
+
+    DBUG(("%s on line %d: err='%s', msg=%s\n", errorType, line, str, errorText));
+
+    if (result == paUnanticipatedHostError) {
+        PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( paCoreAudio, error, errorText );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function computes an appropriate ring buffer size given
+ * a requested latency (in seconds), sample rate and framesPerBuffer.
+ *
+ * The returned ringBufferSize is computed using the following
+ * constraints:
+ *   - it must be at least 4.
+ *   - it must be at least 3x framesPerBuffer.
+ *   - it must be at least 2x the suggestedLatency.
+ *   - it must be a power of 2.
+ * This function attempts to compute the minimum such size.
+ *
+ * FEEDBACK: too liberal/conservative/another way?
+ */
+long computeRingBufferSize( const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                            const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                            long inputFramesPerBuffer,
+                            long outputFramesPerBuffer,
+                            double sampleRate )
+{
+    long ringSize;
+    int index;
+    int i;
+    double latency ;
+    long framesPerBuffer ;
+
+    VVDBUG(( "computeRingBufferSize()\n" ));
+
+    assert( inputParameters || outputParameters );
+
+    if( outputParameters && inputParameters )
+    {
+        latency = MAX( inputParameters->suggestedLatency, outputParameters->suggestedLatency );
+        framesPerBuffer = MAX( inputFramesPerBuffer, outputFramesPerBuffer );
+    }
+    else if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        latency = outputParameters->suggestedLatency;
+        framesPerBuffer = outputFramesPerBuffer ;
+    }
+    else /* we have inputParameters  */
+    {
+        latency = inputParameters->suggestedLatency;
+        framesPerBuffer = inputFramesPerBuffer ;
+    }
+
+    ringSize = (long) ( latency * sampleRate * 2 + .5);
+    VDBUG( ( "suggested latency : %d\n", (int) (latency*sampleRate) ) );
+    if( ringSize < framesPerBuffer * 3 )
+        ringSize = framesPerBuffer * 3 ;
+    VDBUG(("framesPerBuffer:%d\n",(int)framesPerBuffer));
+    VDBUG(("Ringbuffer size (1): %d\n", (int)ringSize ));
+
+    /* make sure it's at least 4 */
+    ringSize = MAX( ringSize, 4 );
+
+    /* round up to the next power of 2 */
+    index = -1;
+    for( i=0; i<sizeof(long)*8; ++i )
+        if( ringSize >> i & 0x01 )
+            index = i;
+    assert( index > 0 );
+    if( ringSize <= ( 0x01 << index ) )
+        ringSize = 0x01 << index ;
+    else
+        ringSize = 0x01 << ( index + 1 );
+
+    VDBUG(( "Final Ringbuffer size (2): %d\n", (int)ringSize ));
+    return ringSize;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * During testing of core audio, I found that serious crashes could occur
+ * if properties such as sample rate were changed multiple times in rapid
+ * succession. The function below could be used to with a condition variable.
+ * to prevent propertychanges from happening until the last property
+ * change is acknowledged. Instead, I implemented a busy-wait, which is simpler
+ * to implement b/c in second round of testing (nov '09) property changes occurred
+ * quickly and so there was no real way to test the condition variable implementation.
+ * therefore, this function is not used, but it is aluded to in commented code below,
+ * since it represents a theoretically better implementation.
+ */
+
+OSStatus propertyProc(
+        AudioObjectID inObjectID,
+        UInt32 inNumberAddresses,
+        const AudioObjectPropertyAddress* inAddresses,
+        void* inClientData )
+{
+    // this is where we would set the condition variable
+    return noErr;
+}
+
+/* sets the value of the given property and waits for the change to
+   be acknowledged, and returns the final value, which is not guaranteed
+   by this function to be the same as the desired value. Obviously, this
+   function can only be used for data whose input and output are the
+   same size and format, and their size and format are known in advance.
+   whether or not the call succeeds, if the data is successfully read,
+   it is returned in outPropertyData. If it is not read successfully,
+   outPropertyData is zeroed, which may or may not be useful in
+   determining if the property was read. */
+PaError AudioDeviceSetPropertyNowAndWaitForChange(
+        AudioDeviceID inDevice,
+        UInt32 inChannel,
+        Boolean isInput,
+        AudioDevicePropertyID inPropertyID,
+        UInt32 inPropertyDataSize,
+        const void *inPropertyData,
+        void *outPropertyData )
+{
+    OSStatus macErr;
+    UInt32 outPropertyDataSize = inPropertyDataSize;
+
+    /* First, see if it already has that value. If so, return. */
+    macErr = PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty( inDevice, inChannel,
+                                               isInput, inPropertyID,
+                                               &outPropertyDataSize, outPropertyData );
+    if( macErr ) {
+        memset( outPropertyData, 0, inPropertyDataSize );
+        goto failMac;
+    }
+    if( inPropertyDataSize!=outPropertyDataSize )
+        return paInternalError;
+    if( 0==memcmp( outPropertyData, inPropertyData, outPropertyDataSize ) )
+        return paNoError;
+
+    /* Ideally, we'd use a condition variable to determine changes.
+       we could set that up here. */
+
+    /* If we were using a cond variable, we'd do something useful here,
+       but for now, this is just to make 10.6 happy. */
+    macErr = PaMacCore_AudioDeviceAddPropertyListener( inDevice, inChannel, isInput,
+                                                       inPropertyID, propertyProc,
+             NULL );
+    if( macErr )
+        /* we couldn't add a listener. */
+        goto failMac;
+
+    /* set property */
+    macErr = PaMacCore_AudioDeviceSetProperty( inDevice, NULL, inChannel,
+                                               isInput, inPropertyID,
+                                               inPropertyDataSize, inPropertyData );
+    if( macErr )
+        goto failMac;
+
+    /* busy-wait up to 30 seconds for the property to change */
+    /* busy-wait is justified here only because the correct alternative (condition variable)
+       was hard to test, since most of the waiting ended up being for setting rather than
+       getting in OS X 10.5. This was not the case in earlier OS versions. */
+    struct timeval tv1, tv2;
+    gettimeofday( &tv1, NULL );
+    memcpy( &tv2, &tv1, sizeof( struct timeval ) );
+    while( tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec < 30 ) {
+        /* now read the property back out */
+        macErr = PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty( inDevice, inChannel,
+                 isInput, inPropertyID,
+                 &outPropertyDataSize, outPropertyData );
+        if( macErr ) {
+            memset( outPropertyData, 0, inPropertyDataSize );
+            goto failMac;
+        }
+        /* and compare... */
+        if( 0==memcmp( outPropertyData, inPropertyData, outPropertyDataSize ) ) {
+            PaMacCore_AudioDeviceRemovePropertyListener( inDevice, inChannel, isInput, inPropertyID, propertyProc, NULL);
+            return paNoError;
+        }
+        /* No match yet, so let's sleep and try again. */
+        Pa_Sleep( 100 );
+        gettimeofday( &tv2, NULL );
+    }
+    DBUG( ("Timeout waiting for device setting.\n" ) );
+
+    PaMacCore_AudioDeviceRemovePropertyListener( inDevice, inChannel, isInput, inPropertyID, propertyProc, NULL );
+    return paNoError;
+
+failMac:
+    PaMacCore_AudioDeviceRemovePropertyListener( inDevice, inChannel, isInput, inPropertyID, propertyProc, NULL );
+    return ERR( macErr );
+}
+
+/*
+ * Sets the sample rate the HAL device.
+ * if requireExact: set the sample rate or fail.
+ *
+ * otherwise      : set the exact sample rate.
+ *             If that fails, check for available sample rates, and choose one
+ *             higher than the requested rate. If there isn't a higher one,
+ *             just use the highest available.
+ */
+PaError setBestSampleRateForDevice( const AudioDeviceID device,
+                                    const bool isOutput,
+                                    const bool requireExact,
+                                    const Float64 desiredSrate )
+{
+    const bool isInput = isOutput ? 0 : 1;
+    Float64 srate;
+    UInt32 propsize = sizeof( Float64 );
+    OSErr err;
+    AudioValueRange *ranges;
+    int i=0;
+    Float64 max  = -1; /*the maximum rate available*/
+    Float64 best = -1; /*the lowest sample rate still greater than desired rate*/
+    VDBUG(("Setting sample rate for device %ld to %g.\n",(long)device,(float)desiredSrate));
+
+    /* -- try setting the sample rate -- */
+    srate = 0;
+    err = AudioDeviceSetPropertyNowAndWaitForChange(
+            device, 0, isInput,
+            kAudioDevicePropertyNominalSampleRate,
+            propsize, &desiredSrate, &srate );
+
+    /* -- if the rate agrees, and was changed, we are done -- */
+    if( srate != 0 && srate == desiredSrate )
+        return paNoError;
+    /* -- if the rate agrees, and we got no errors, we are done -- */
+    if( !err && srate == desiredSrate )
+        return paNoError;
+    /* -- we've failed if the rates disagree and we are setting input -- */
+    if( requireExact )
+        return paInvalidSampleRate;
+
+    /* -- generate a list of available sample rates -- */
+    err = PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetPropertySize( device, 0, isInput,
+            kAudioDevicePropertyAvailableNominalSampleRates,
+            &propsize );
+    if( err )
+        return ERR( err );
+    ranges = (AudioValueRange *)calloc( 1, propsize );
+    if( !ranges )
+        return paInsufficientMemory;
+    err = PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty( device, 0, isInput,
+                                            kAudioDevicePropertyAvailableNominalSampleRates,
+                                            &propsize, ranges );
+    if( err )
+    {
+        free( ranges );
+        return ERR( err );
+    }
+    VDBUG(("Requested sample rate of %g was not available.\n", (float)desiredSrate));
+    VDBUG(("%lu Available Sample Rates are:\n",propsize/sizeof(AudioValueRange)));
+#ifdef MAC_CORE_VERBOSE_DEBUG
+    for( i=0; i<propsize/sizeof(AudioValueRange); ++i )
+        VDBUG( ("\t%g-%g\n",
+                (float) ranges[i].mMinimum,
+                (float) ranges[i].mMaximum ) );
+#endif
+    VDBUG(("-----\n"));
+
+    /* -- now pick the best available sample rate -- */
+    for( i=0; i<propsize/sizeof(AudioValueRange); ++i )
+    {
+        if( ranges[i].mMaximum > max ) max = ranges[i].mMaximum;
+        if( ranges[i].mMinimum > desiredSrate ) {
+            if( best < 0 )
+                best = ranges[i].mMinimum;
+            else if( ranges[i].mMinimum < best )
+                best = ranges[i].mMinimum;
+        }
+    }
+    if( best < 0 )
+        best = max;
+    VDBUG( ("Maximum Rate %g. best is %g.\n", max, best ) );
+    free( ranges );
+
+    /* -- set the sample rate -- */
+    propsize = sizeof( best );
+    srate = 0;
+    err = AudioDeviceSetPropertyNowAndWaitForChange(
+            device, 0, isInput,
+            kAudioDevicePropertyNominalSampleRate,
+            propsize, &best, &srate );
+
+    /* -- if the set rate matches, we are done -- */
+    if( srate != 0 && srate == best )
+        return paNoError;
+
+    if( err )
+        return ERR( err );
+
+    /* -- otherwise, something weird happened: we didn't set the rate, and we got no errors. Just bail. */
+    return paInternalError;
+}
+
+
+/*
+   Attempts to set the requestedFramesPerBuffer. If it can't set the exact
+   value, it settles for something smaller if available. If nothing smaller
+   is available, it uses the smallest available size.
+   actualFramesPerBuffer will be set to the actual value on successful return.
+   OK to pass NULL to actualFramesPerBuffer.
+   The logic is very similar too setBestSampleRate only failure here is
+   not usually catastrophic.
+*/
+PaError setBestFramesPerBuffer( const AudioDeviceID device,
+                                const bool isOutput,
+                                UInt32 requestedFramesPerBuffer,
+                                UInt32 *actualFramesPerBuffer )
+{
+    UInt32 afpb;
+    const bool isInput = !isOutput;
+    UInt32 propsize = sizeof(UInt32);
+    OSErr err;
+    AudioValueRange range;
+
+    if( actualFramesPerBuffer == NULL )
+    {
+        actualFramesPerBuffer = &afpb;
+    }
+
+    /* -- try and set exact FPB -- */
+    err = PaMacCore_AudioDeviceSetProperty( device, NULL, 0, isInput,
+                                            kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize,
+                                            propsize, &requestedFramesPerBuffer);
+    err = PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty( device, 0, isInput,
+                                            kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize,
+                                            &propsize, actualFramesPerBuffer);
+    if( err )
+    {
+        return ERR( err );
+    }
+    // Did we get the size we asked for?
+    if( *actualFramesPerBuffer == requestedFramesPerBuffer )
+    {
+        return paNoError; /* we are done */
+    }
+
+    // Clip requested value against legal range for the device.
+    propsize = sizeof(AudioValueRange);
+    err = PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty( device, 0, isInput,
+                                            kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSizeRange,
+                                            &propsize, &range );
+    if( err )
+    {
+        return ERR( err );
+    }
+    if( requestedFramesPerBuffer < range.mMinimum )
+    {
+        requestedFramesPerBuffer = range.mMinimum;
+    }
+    else if( requestedFramesPerBuffer > range.mMaximum )
+    {
+        requestedFramesPerBuffer = range.mMaximum;
+    }
+
+    /* --- set the buffer size (ignore errors) -- */
+    propsize = sizeof( UInt32 );
+    err = PaMacCore_AudioDeviceSetProperty( device, NULL, 0, isInput,
+                                            kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize,
+                                            propsize, &requestedFramesPerBuffer );
+    /* --- read the property to check that it was set -- */
+    err = PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty( device, 0, isInput,
+                                            kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSize,
+                                            &propsize, actualFramesPerBuffer );
+
+    if( err )
+        return ERR( err );
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+/**********************
+ *
+ * XRun stuff
+ *
+ **********************/
+
+struct PaMacXRunListNode_s {
+    PaMacCoreStream *stream;
+    struct PaMacXRunListNode_s *next;
+} ;
+
+typedef struct PaMacXRunListNode_s PaMacXRunListNode;
+
+/** Always empty, so that it can always be the one returned by
+    addToXRunListenerList. note that it's not a pointer. */
+static PaMacXRunListNode firstXRunListNode;
+static int xRunListSize;
+static pthread_mutex_t xrunMutex;
+
+OSStatus xrunCallback(
+    AudioObjectID inDevice,
+    UInt32 inNumberAddresses,
+    const AudioObjectPropertyAddress* inAddresses,
+    void * inClientData)
+{
+    PaMacXRunListNode *node = (PaMacXRunListNode *) inClientData;
+    bool isInput = inAddresses->mScope == kAudioDevicePropertyScopeInput;
+
+    int ret = pthread_mutex_trylock( &xrunMutex ) ;
+
+    if( ret == 0 ) {
+
+        node = node->next ; //skip the first node
+
+        for( ; node; node=node->next ) {
+            PaMacCoreStream *stream = node->stream;
+
+            if( stream->state != ACTIVE )
+                continue; //if the stream isn't active, we don't care if the device is dropping
+
+            if( isInput ) {
+                if( stream->inputDevice == inDevice )
+                    OSAtomicOr32( paInputOverflow, &stream->xrunFlags );
+            } else {
+                if( stream->outputDevice == inDevice )
+                    OSAtomicOr32( paOutputUnderflow, &stream->xrunFlags );
+            }
+        }
+
+        pthread_mutex_unlock( &xrunMutex );
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int initializeXRunListenerList( void )
+{
+    xRunListSize = 0;
+    bzero( (void *) &firstXRunListNode, sizeof(firstXRunListNode) );
+    return pthread_mutex_init( &xrunMutex, NULL );
+}
+int destroyXRunListenerList( void )
+{
+    PaMacXRunListNode *node;
+    node = firstXRunListNode.next;
+    while( node ) {
+        PaMacXRunListNode *tmp = node;
+        node = node->next;
+        free( tmp );
+    }
+    xRunListSize = 0;
+    return pthread_mutex_destroy( &xrunMutex );
+}
+
+void *addToXRunListenerList( void *stream )
+{
+    pthread_mutex_lock( &xrunMutex );
+    PaMacXRunListNode *newNode;
+    // setup new node:
+    newNode = (PaMacXRunListNode *) malloc( sizeof( PaMacXRunListNode ) );
+    newNode->stream = (PaMacCoreStream *) stream;
+    newNode->next = firstXRunListNode.next;
+    // insert:
+    firstXRunListNode.next = newNode;
+    pthread_mutex_unlock( &xrunMutex );
+
+    return &firstXRunListNode;
+}
+
+int removeFromXRunListenerList( void *stream )
+{
+    pthread_mutex_lock( &xrunMutex );
+    PaMacXRunListNode *node, *prev;
+    prev = &firstXRunListNode;
+    node = firstXRunListNode.next;
+    while( node ) {
+        if( node->stream == stream ) {
+            //found it:
+            --xRunListSize;
+            prev->next = node->next;
+            free( node );
+            pthread_mutex_unlock( &xrunMutex );
+            return xRunListSize;
+        }
+        prev = prev->next;
+        node = node->next;
+    }
+
+    pthread_mutex_unlock( &xrunMutex );
+    // failure
+    return xRunListSize;
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/coreaudio/pa_mac_core_utilities.h b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/coreaudio/pa_mac_core_utilities.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c305f17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/hostapi/coreaudio/pa_mac_core_utilities.h
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+/*
+ * Helper and utility functions for pa_mac_core.c (Apple AUHAL implementation)
+ *
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * Latest Version at: http://www.portaudio.com
+ *
+ * Written by Bjorn Roche of XO Audio LLC, from PA skeleton code.
+ * Portions copied from code by Dominic Mazzoni (who wrote a HAL implementation)
+ *
+ * Dominic's code was based on code by Phil Burk, Darren Gibbs,
+ * Gord Peters, Stephane Letz, and Greg Pfiel.
+ *
+ * The following people also deserve acknowledgements:
+ *
+ * Olivier Tristan for feedback and testing
+ * Glenn Zelniker and Z-Systems engineering for sponsoring the Blocking I/O
+ * interface.
+ *
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/**
+ @file
+ @ingroup hostapi_src
+*/
+
+#ifndef PA_MAC_CORE_UTILITIES_H__
+#define PA_MAC_CORE_UTILITIES_H__
+
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_util.h"
+#include <AudioUnit/AudioUnit.h>
+#include <AudioToolbox/AudioToolbox.h>
+
+#ifndef MIN
+#define MIN(a, b)  (((a)<(b))?(a):(b))
+#endif
+
+#ifndef MAX
+#define MAX(a, b)  (((a)<(b))?(b):(a))
+#endif
+
+#define ERR(mac_error) PaMacCore_SetError(mac_error, __LINE__, 1 )
+#define WARNING(mac_error) PaMacCore_SetError(mac_error, __LINE__, 0 )
+
+
+/* Help keep track of AUHAL element numbers */
+#define INPUT_ELEMENT  (1)
+#define OUTPUT_ELEMENT (0)
+
+/* Normal level of debugging: fine for most apps that don't mind the occasional warning being printf'ed */
+/*
+ */
+#define MAC_CORE_DEBUG
+#ifdef MAC_CORE_DEBUG
+# define DBUG(MSG) do { printf("||PaMacCore (AUHAL)|| "); printf MSG ; fflush(stdout); } while(0)
+#else
+# define DBUG(MSG)
+#endif
+
+/* Verbose Debugging: useful for development */
+/*
+#define MAC_CORE_VERBOSE_DEBUG
+*/
+#ifdef MAC_CORE_VERBOSE_DEBUG
+# define VDBUG(MSG) do { printf("||PaMacCore (v )|| "); printf MSG ; fflush(stdout); } while(0)
+#else
+# define VDBUG(MSG)
+#endif
+
+/* Very Verbose Debugging: Traces every call. */
+/*
+#define MAC_CORE_VERY_VERBOSE_DEBUG
+ */
+#ifdef MAC_CORE_VERY_VERBOSE_DEBUG
+# define VVDBUG(MSG) do { printf("||PaMacCore (vv)|| "); printf MSG ; fflush(stdout); } while(0)
+#else
+# define VVDBUG(MSG)
+#endif
+
+OSStatus PaMacCore_AudioHardwareGetProperty(
+    AudioHardwarePropertyID inPropertyID,
+    UInt32*                 ioPropertyDataSize,
+    void*                   outPropertyData );
+
+OSStatus PaMacCore_AudioHardwareGetPropertySize(
+    AudioHardwarePropertyID inPropertyID,
+    UInt32*                 outSize );
+
+OSStatus PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetProperty(
+    AudioDeviceID         inDevice,
+    UInt32                inChannel,
+    Boolean               isInput,
+    AudioDevicePropertyID inPropertyID,
+    UInt32*               ioPropertyDataSize,
+    void*                 outPropertyData );
+
+OSStatus PaMacCore_AudioDeviceSetProperty(
+    AudioDeviceID         inDevice,
+    const AudioTimeStamp* inWhen,
+    UInt32                inChannel,
+    Boolean               isInput,
+    AudioDevicePropertyID inPropertyID,
+    UInt32                inPropertyDataSize,
+    const void*           inPropertyData );
+
+OSStatus PaMacCore_AudioDeviceGetPropertySize(
+    AudioDeviceID         inDevice,
+    UInt32                inChannel,
+    Boolean               isInput,
+    AudioDevicePropertyID inPropertyID,
+    UInt32*               outSize );
+
+OSStatus PaMacCore_AudioDeviceAddPropertyListener(
+    AudioDeviceID                   inDevice,
+    UInt32                          inChannel,
+    Boolean                         isInput,
+    AudioDevicePropertyID           inPropertyID,
+    AudioObjectPropertyListenerProc inProc,
+    void*                           inClientData );
+
+OSStatus PaMacCore_AudioDeviceRemovePropertyListener(
+    AudioDeviceID                   inDevice,
+    UInt32                          inChannel,
+    Boolean                         isInput,
+    AudioDevicePropertyID           inPropertyID,
+    AudioObjectPropertyListenerProc inProc,
+    void*                           inClientData );
+
+OSStatus PaMacCore_AudioStreamGetProperty(
+    AudioStreamID         inStream,
+    UInt32                inChannel,
+    AudioDevicePropertyID inPropertyID,
+    UInt32*               ioPropertyDataSize,
+    void*                 outPropertyData );
+
+#define UNIX_ERR(err) PaMacCore_SetUnixError( err, __LINE__ )
+
+PaError PaMacCore_SetUnixError( int err, int line );
+
+/*
+ * Translates MacOS generated errors into PaErrors
+ */
+PaError PaMacCore_SetError(OSStatus error, int line, int isError);
+
+/*
+ * This function computes an appropriate ring buffer size given
+ * a requested latency (in seconds), sample rate and framesPerBuffer.
+ *
+ * The returned ringBufferSize is computed using the following
+ * constraints:
+ *   - it must be at least 4.
+ *   - it must be at least 3x framesPerBuffer.
+ *   - it must be at least 2x the suggestedLatency.
+ *   - it must be a power of 2.
+ * This function attempts to compute the minimum such size.
+ *
+ */
+long computeRingBufferSize( const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                            const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                            long inputFramesPerBuffer,
+                            long outputFramesPerBuffer,
+                            double sampleRate );
+
+OSStatus propertyProc(
+        AudioObjectID inObjectID,
+        UInt32 inNumberAddresses,
+        const AudioObjectPropertyAddress* inAddresses,
+        void* inClientData );
+
+/* sets the value of the given property and waits for the change to
+   be acknowledged, and returns the final value, which is not guaranteed
+   by this function to be the same as the desired value. Obviously, this
+   function can only be used for data whose input and output are the
+   same size and format, and their size and format are known in advance.*/
+PaError AudioDeviceSetPropertyNowAndWaitForChange(
+        AudioDeviceID inDevice,
+        UInt32 inChannel,
+        Boolean isInput,
+        AudioDevicePropertyID inPropertyID,
+        UInt32 inPropertyDataSize,
+        const void *inPropertyData,
+        void *outPropertyData );
+
+/*
+ * Sets the sample rate the HAL device.
+ * if requireExact: set the sample rate or fail.
+ *
+ * otherwise      : set the exact sample rate.
+ *             If that fails, check for available sample rates, and choose one
+ *             higher than the requested rate. If there isn't a higher one,
+ *             just use the highest available.
+ */
+PaError setBestSampleRateForDevice( const AudioDeviceID device,
+                                    const bool isOutput,
+                                    const bool requireExact,
+                                    const Float64 desiredSrate );
+/*
+   Attempts to set the requestedFramesPerBuffer. If it can't set the exact
+   value, it settles for something smaller if available. If nothing smaller
+   is available, it uses the smallest available size.
+   actualFramesPerBuffer will be set to the actual value on successful return.
+   OK to pass NULL to actualFramesPerBuffer.
+   The logic is very similar too setBestSampleRate only failure here is
+   not usually catastrophic.
+*/
+PaError setBestFramesPerBuffer( const AudioDeviceID device,
+                                const bool isOutput,
+                                UInt32 requestedFramesPerBuffer,
+                                UInt32 *actualFramesPerBuffer );
+
+
+/*********************
+ *
+ *  xrun handling
+ *
+ *********************/
+
+OSStatus xrunCallback(
+        AudioObjectID inObjectID,
+        UInt32 inNumberAddresses,
+        const AudioObjectPropertyAddress* inAddresses,
+        void * inClientData );
+
+/** returns zero on success or a unix style error code. */
+int initializeXRunListenerList( void );
+/** returns zero on success or a unix style error code. */
+int destroyXRunListenerList( void );
+
+/**Returns the list, so that it can be passed to CorAudio.*/
+void *addToXRunListenerList( void *stream );
+/**Returns the number of Listeners in the list remaining.*/
+int removeFromXRunListenerList( void *stream );
+
+#endif /* PA_MAC_CORE_UTILITIES_H__*/
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Mac/include/pa_asio.h b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/include/pa_asio.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..27cbd3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/include/pa_asio.h
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+#ifndef PA_ASIO_H
+#define PA_ASIO_H
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * ASIO specific extensions
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2000 Ross Bencina and Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup public_header
+ @brief ASIO-specific PortAudio API extension header file.
+*/
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+/** Retrieve legal native buffer sizes for the specified device, in sample frames.
+
+ @param device The global index of the device about which the query is being made.
+ @param minBufferSizeFrames A pointer to the location which will receive the minimum buffer size value.
+ @param maxBufferSizeFrames A pointer to the location which will receive the maximum buffer size value.
+ @param preferredBufferSizeFrames A pointer to the location which will receive the preferred buffer size value.
+ @param granularity A pointer to the location which will receive the "granularity". This value determines
+ the step size used to compute the legal values between minBufferSizeFrames and maxBufferSizeFrames.
+ If granularity is -1 then available buffer size values are powers of two.
+
+ @see ASIOGetBufferSize in the ASIO SDK.
+
+ @note: this function used to be called PaAsio_GetAvailableLatencyValues. There is a
+ #define that maps PaAsio_GetAvailableLatencyValues to this function for backwards compatibility.
+*/
+PaError PaAsio_GetAvailableBufferSizes( PaDeviceIndex device,
+        long *minBufferSizeFrames, long *maxBufferSizeFrames, long *preferredBufferSizeFrames, long *granularity );
+
+
+/** Backwards compatibility alias for PaAsio_GetAvailableBufferSizes
+
+ @see PaAsio_GetAvailableBufferSizes
+*/
+#define PaAsio_GetAvailableLatencyValues PaAsio_GetAvailableBufferSizes
+
+
+/** Display the ASIO control panel for the specified device.
+
+  @param device The global index of the device whose control panel is to be displayed.
+  @param systemSpecific On Windows, the calling application's main window handle,
+  on Macintosh this value should be zero.
+*/
+PaError PaAsio_ShowControlPanel( PaDeviceIndex device, void* systemSpecific );
+
+
+
+
+/** Retrieve a pointer to a string containing the name of the specified
+ input channel. The string is valid until Pa_Terminate is called.
+
+ The string will be no longer than 32 characters including the null terminator.
+*/
+PaError PaAsio_GetInputChannelName( PaDeviceIndex device, int channelIndex,
+        const char** channelName );
+
+
+/** Retrieve a pointer to a string containing the name of the specified
+ input channel. The string is valid until Pa_Terminate is called.
+
+ The string will be no longer than 32 characters including the null terminator.
+*/
+PaError PaAsio_GetOutputChannelName( PaDeviceIndex device, int channelIndex,
+        const char** channelName );
+
+
+/** Set the sample rate of an open paASIO stream.
+
+ @param stream The stream to operate on.
+ @param sampleRate The new sample rate.
+
+ Note that this function may fail if the stream is already running and the
+ ASIO driver does not support switching the sample rate of a running stream.
+
+ Returns paIncompatibleStreamHostApi if stream is not a paASIO stream.
+*/
+PaError PaAsio_SetStreamSampleRate( PaStream* stream, double sampleRate );
+
+
+#define paAsioUseChannelSelectors      (0x01)
+
+typedef struct PaAsioStreamInfo{
+    unsigned long size;             /**< sizeof(PaAsioStreamInfo) */
+    PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType;    /**< paASIO */
+    unsigned long version;          /**< 1 */
+
+    unsigned long flags;
+
+    /* Support for opening only specific channels of an ASIO device.
+        If the paAsioUseChannelSelectors flag is set, channelSelectors is a
+        pointer to an array of integers specifying the device channels to use.
+        When used, the length of the channelSelectors array must match the
+        corresponding channelCount parameter to Pa_OpenStream() otherwise a
+        crash may result.
+        The values in the selectors array must specify channels within the
+        range of supported channels for the device or paInvalidChannelCount will
+        result.
+    */
+    int *channelSelectors;
+}PaAsioStreamInfo;
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif /* PA_ASIO_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Mac/include/pa_mac_core.h b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/include/pa_mac_core.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..beb5396
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Mac/include/pa_mac_core.h
@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+#ifndef PA_MAC_CORE_H
+#define PA_MAC_CORE_H
+/*
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * Macintosh Core Audio specific extensions
+ * portaudio.h should be included before this file.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2005-2006 Bjorn Roche
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ *  @ingroup public_header
+ *  @brief CoreAudio-specific PortAudio API extension header file.
+ */
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+
+#include <AudioUnit/AudioUnit.h>
+#include <AudioToolbox/AudioToolbox.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+
+/**
+ * A pointer to a paMacCoreStreamInfo may be passed as
+ * the hostApiSpecificStreamInfo in the PaStreamParameters struct
+ * when opening a stream or querying the format. Use NULL, for the
+ * defaults. Note that for duplex streams, flags for input and output
+ * should be the same or behaviour is undefined.
+ */
+typedef struct
+{
+    unsigned long size;           /**size of whole structure including this header */
+    PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType;  /**host API for which this data is intended */
+    unsigned long version;        /**structure version */
+    unsigned long flags;          /** flags to modify behaviour */
+    SInt32 const * channelMap;    /** Channel map for HAL channel mapping , if not needed, use NULL;*/
+    unsigned long channelMapSize; /** Channel map size for HAL channel mapping , if not needed, use 0;*/
+} PaMacCoreStreamInfo;
+
+/**
+ * Functions
+ */
+
+
+/** Use this function to initialize a paMacCoreStreamInfo struct
+ * using the requested flags. Note that channel mapping is turned
+ * off after a call to this function.
+ * @param data The datastructure to initialize
+ * @param flags The flags to initialize the datastructure with.
+*/
+void PaMacCore_SetupStreamInfo( PaMacCoreStreamInfo *data, unsigned long flags );
+
+/** call this after pa_SetupMacCoreStreamInfo to use channel mapping as described in notes.txt.
+ * @param data The stream info structure to assign a channel mapping to
+ * @param channelMap The channel map array, as described in notes.txt. This array pointer will be used directly (ie the underlying data will not be copied), so the caller should not free the array until after the stream has been opened.
+ * @param channelMapSize The size of the channel map array.
+ */
+void PaMacCore_SetupChannelMap( PaMacCoreStreamInfo *data, const SInt32 * const channelMap, unsigned long channelMapSize );
+
+/**
+ * Retrieve the AudioDeviceID of the input device assigned to an open stream
+ *
+ * @param s The stream to query.
+ *
+ * @return A valid AudioDeviceID, or NULL if an error occurred.
+ */
+AudioDeviceID PaMacCore_GetStreamInputDevice( PaStream* s );
+
+/**
+ * Retrieve the AudioDeviceID of the output device assigned to an open stream
+ *
+ * @param s The stream to query.
+ *
+ * @return A valid AudioDeviceID, or NULL if an error occurred.
+ */
+AudioDeviceID PaMacCore_GetStreamOutputDevice( PaStream* s );
+
+/**
+ * Returns a statically allocated string with the device's name
+ * for the given channel. NULL will be returned on failure.
+ *
+ * This function's implementation is not complete!
+ *
+ * @param device The PortAudio device index.
+ * @param channel The channel number who's name is requested.
+ * @return a statically allocated string with the name of the device.
+ *         Because this string is statically allocated, it must be
+ *         copied if it is to be saved and used by the user after
+ *         another call to this function.
+ *
+ */
+const char *PaMacCore_GetChannelName( int device, int channelIndex, bool input );
+
+
+/** Retrieve the range of legal native buffer sizes for the specified device, in sample frames.
+
+ @param device The global index of the PortAudio device about which the query is being made.
+ @param minBufferSizeFrames A pointer to the location which will receive the minimum buffer size value.
+ @param maxBufferSizeFrames A pointer to the location which will receive the maximum buffer size value.
+
+ @see kAudioDevicePropertyBufferFrameSizeRange in the CoreAudio SDK.
+ */
+PaError PaMacCore_GetBufferSizeRange( PaDeviceIndex device,
+                                       long *minBufferSizeFrames, long *maxBufferSizeFrames );
+
+
+/**
+ * Flags
+ */
+
+/**
+ * The following flags alter the behaviour of PA on the mac platform.
+ * they can be ORed together. These should work both for opening and
+ * checking a device.
+ */
+
+/** Allows PortAudio to change things like the device's frame size,
+ * which allows for much lower latency, but might disrupt the device
+ * if other programs are using it, even when you are just Querying
+ * the device. */
+#define paMacCoreChangeDeviceParameters (0x01)
+
+/** In combination with the above flag,
+ * causes the stream opening to fail, unless the exact sample rates
+ * are supported by the device. */
+#define paMacCoreFailIfConversionRequired (0x02)
+
+/** These flags set the SR conversion quality, if required. The weird ordering
+ * allows Maximum Quality to be the default.*/
+#define paMacCoreConversionQualityMin    (0x0100)
+#define paMacCoreConversionQualityMedium (0x0200)
+#define paMacCoreConversionQualityLow    (0x0300)
+#define paMacCoreConversionQualityHigh   (0x0400)
+#define paMacCoreConversionQualityMax    (0x0000)
+
+/**
+ * Here are some "preset" combinations of flags (above) to get to some
+ * common configurations. THIS IS OVERKILL, but if more flags are added
+ * it won't be.
+ */
+
+/**This is the default setting: do as much sample rate conversion as possible
+ * and as little mucking with the device as possible. */
+#define paMacCorePlayNice                    (0x00)
+/**This setting is tuned for pro audio apps. It allows SR conversion on input
+  and output, but it tries to set the appropriate SR on the device.*/
+#define paMacCorePro                         (0x01)
+/**This is a setting to minimize CPU usage and still play nice.*/
+#define paMacCoreMinimizeCPUButPlayNice      (0x0100)
+/**This is a setting to minimize CPU usage, even if that means interrupting the device. */
+#define paMacCoreMinimizeCPU                 (0x0101)
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /** __cplusplus */
+
+#endif /** PA_MAC_CORE_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/PortAudio.Build.cs b/Source/PortAudio/PortAudio.Build.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..46a1ebd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/PortAudio.Build.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+using System.IO;
+using UnrealBuildTool;
+
+
+public class PortAudio : ModuleRules
+{
+	public PortAudio(ReadOnlyTargetRules Target) : base(Target)
+	{
+		string RootDir = ModuleDirectory;
+		PublicIncludePaths.Add(RootDir);
+		PublicIncludePaths.Add(Path.Combine(RootDir, "common"));
+
+		if (Target.IsInPlatformGroup(UnrealPlatformGroup.Linux))
+		{
+			RootDir = Path.Combine(RootDir, "Linux");
+
+			PrivateDefinitions.Add("PLATFORM_LINUX=1");
+			PrivateDefinitions.Add("LINUX=1");
+		}
+		else if (Target.Platform == UnrealTargetPlatform.Mac)
+		{
+			RootDir = Path.Combine(RootDir, "Mac");
+
+			PublicFrameworks.AddRange(new string[] { "CoreAudio" });
+			PrivateDefinitions.Add("PLATFORM_MAC=1");
+			PrivateDefinitions.Add("MAC=1");
+		}
+		else if (Target.Platform == UnrealTargetPlatform.Win64)
+		{
+			RootDir = Path.Combine(RootDir, "Win64");
+			PublicIncludePaths.Add(Path.Combine(RootDir, "os", "win"));
+			PublicIncludePaths.Add(Path.Combine(RootDir, "host"));
+
+			PrivateDefinitions.Add("PLATFORM_MICROSOFT=1");
+			PrivateDefinitions.Add("PLATFORM_WINDOWS=1");
+			PrivateDefinitions.Add("_WIN64");
+			PrivateDefinitions.Add("WINDOWS=1");
+			PrivateDefinitions.Add("PA_USE_ASIO");
+			PrivateDefinitions.Add("PA_USE_DS");
+			PrivateDefinitions.Add("PA_USE_WASAPI");
+			PrivateDefinitions.Add("PA_USE_WDMKS");
+			PrivateDefinitions.Add("PA_USE_WMME");
+		}
+
+		PublicIncludePaths.Add(Path.Combine(RootDir, "hostapi"));
+		PublicIncludePaths.Add(Path.Combine(RootDir, "include"));
+
+		PublicDefinitions.Add("SGI=0");
+		PublicDefinitions.Add("BEOS=0");
+
+		PrivateDefinitions.Add("_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS");
+		PrivateDependencyModuleNames.AddRange(new []
+		{
+			"Core",
+			"SignalProcessing"
+		});
+
+		bEnableUndefinedIdentifierWarnings = false;
+		bEnableExceptions = true;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asio.cpp b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asio.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b001cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asio.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+/*
+	Steinberg Audio Stream I/O API
+	(c) 1996 - 2019, Steinberg Soft- und Hardware GmbH
+
+	asio.cpp
+	
+	asio functions entries which translate the
+	asio interface to the asiodrvr class methods
+*/
+#include "asio.h"
+#include <string.h>
+#include "asiosys.h"		// platform definition
+
+#if MAC
+#include "asiodrvr.h"
+
+#pragma export on
+
+AsioDriver *theAsioDriver = 0;
+
+extern "C"
+{
+
+long main()
+{
+	return 'ASIO';
+}
+
+#elif WINDOWS
+
+#include "asiodrivers.h"
+#include "iasiodrv.h"
+
+IASIO *theAsioDriver = 0;
+extern AsioDrivers *asioDrivers;
+
+#elif SGI || SUN || BEOS || LINUX
+#include "asiodrvr.h"
+static AsioDriver *theAsioDriver = 0;
+#endif
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ASIOError ASIOInit(ASIODriverInfo *info)
+{
+#if MAC || SGI || SUN || BEOS || LINUX
+	if(theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		delete theAsioDriver;
+		theAsioDriver = 0;
+	}		
+	info->driverVersion = 0;
+	strcpy(info->name, "No ASIO Driver");
+	theAsioDriver = getDriver();
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		strcpy(info->errorMessage, "Not enough memory for the ASIO driver!"); 
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	if(!theAsioDriver->init(info->sysRef))
+	{
+		theAsioDriver->getErrorMessage(info->errorMessage);
+		delete theAsioDriver;
+		theAsioDriver = 0;
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	strcpy(info->errorMessage, "No ASIO Driver Error");
+	theAsioDriver->getDriverName(info->name);
+	info->driverVersion = theAsioDriver->getDriverVersion();
+	return ASE_OK;
+
+#else
+
+	info->driverVersion = 0;
+	strcpy_s(info->name, "No ASIO Driver");
+	if(theAsioDriver)	// must be loaded!
+	{
+		if(!theAsioDriver->init(info->sysRef))
+		{
+			theAsioDriver->getErrorMessage(info->errorMessage);
+			theAsioDriver = 0;
+			return ASE_NotPresent;
+		}
+
+		strcpy_s(info->errorMessage, "No ASIO Driver Error");
+		theAsioDriver->getDriverName(info->name);
+		info->driverVersion = theAsioDriver->getDriverVersion();
+		return ASE_OK;
+	}
+	return ASE_NotPresent;
+
+#endif	// !MAC
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOExit(void)
+{
+	if(theAsioDriver)
+	{
+#if WINDOWS
+		asioDrivers->removeCurrentDriver();
+#else
+		delete theAsioDriver;
+#endif
+	}		
+	theAsioDriver = 0;
+	return ASE_OK;
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOStart(void)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->start();
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOStop(void)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->stop();
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetChannels(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		*numInputChannels = *numOutputChannels = 0;
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	return theAsioDriver->getChannels(numInputChannels, numOutputChannels);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetLatencies(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		*inputLatency = *outputLatency = 0;
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	return theAsioDriver->getLatencies(inputLatency, outputLatency);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetBufferSize(long *minSize, long *maxSize, long *preferredSize, long *granularity)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		*minSize = *maxSize = *preferredSize = *granularity = 0;
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	return theAsioDriver->getBufferSize(minSize, maxSize, preferredSize, granularity);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOCanSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->canSampleRate(sampleRate);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate *currentRate)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->getSampleRate(currentRate);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOSetSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->setSampleRate(sampleRate);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetClockSources(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		*numSources = 0;
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	return theAsioDriver->getClockSources(clocks, numSources);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOSetClockSource(long reference)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->setClockSource(reference);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetSamplePosition(ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->getSamplePosition(sPos, tStamp);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetChannelInfo(ASIOChannelInfo *info)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		info->channelGroup = -1;
+		info->type = ASIOSTInt16MSB;
+		strcpy_s(info->name, "None");
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	return theAsioDriver->getChannelInfo(info);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOCreateBuffers(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos, long numChannels,
+	long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+	{
+		ASIOBufferInfo *info = bufferInfos;
+		for(long i = 0; i < numChannels; i++, info++)
+			info->buffers[0] = info->buffers[1] = 0;
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	}
+	return theAsioDriver->createBuffers(bufferInfos, numChannels, bufferSize, callbacks);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIODisposeBuffers(void)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->disposeBuffers();
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOControlPanel(void)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->controlPanel();
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOFuture(long selector, void *opt)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->future(selector, opt);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOOutputReady(void)
+{
+	if(!theAsioDriver)
+		return ASE_NotPresent;
+	return theAsioDriver->outputReady();
+}
+
+#if MAC
+}	// extern "C"
+#pragma export off
+#endif
+
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asio.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asio.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e3a0f1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asio.h
@@ -0,0 +1,1071 @@
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#pragma once
+#include "ginclude.h"
+/*
+	Steinberg Audio Stream I/O API
+	(c) 1997 - 2019, Steinberg Media Technologies GmbH
+
+	ASIO Interface Specification v 2.3
+
+	2005 - Added support for DSD sample data (in cooperation with Sony)
+	2012 - Added support for drop out detection
+		
+	
+
+	basic concept is an i/o synchronous double-buffer scheme:
+	
+	on bufferSwitch(index == 0), host will read/write:
+
+		after ASIOStart(), the
+  read  first input buffer A (index 0)
+	|   will be invalid (empty)
+	*   ------------------------
+	|------------------------|-----------------------|
+	|                        |                       |
+	|  Input Buffer A (0)    |   Input Buffer B (1)  |
+	|                        |                       |
+	|------------------------|-----------------------|
+	|                        |                       |
+	|  Output Buffer A (0)   |   Output Buffer B (1) |
+	|                        |                       |
+	|------------------------|-----------------------|
+	*                        -------------------------
+	|                        before calling ASIOStart(),
+  write                      host will have filled output
+                             buffer B (index 1) already
+
+  *please* take special care of proper statement of input
+  and output latencies (see ASIOGetLatencies()), these
+  control sequencer sync accuracy
+
+*/
+
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/*
+
+prototypes summary:
+
+ASIOError ASIOInit(ASIODriverInfo *info);
+ASIOError ASIOExit(void);
+ASIOError ASIOStart(void);
+ASIOError ASIOStop(void);
+ASIOError ASIOGetChannels(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels);
+ASIOError ASIOGetLatencies(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency);
+ASIOError ASIOGetBufferSize(long *minSize, long *maxSize, long *preferredSize, long *granularity);
+ASIOError ASIOCanSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate);
+ASIOError ASIOGetSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate *currentRate);
+ASIOError ASIOSetSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate);
+ASIOError ASIOGetClockSources(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources);
+ASIOError ASIOSetClockSource(long reference);
+ASIOError ASIOGetSamplePosition (ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp);
+ASIOError ASIOGetChannelInfo(ASIOChannelInfo *info);
+ASIOError ASIOCreateBuffers(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos, long numChannels,
+	long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks);
+ASIOError ASIODisposeBuffers(void);
+ASIOError ASIOControlPanel(void);
+void *ASIOFuture(long selector, void *params);
+ASIOError ASIOOutputReady(void);
+
+*/
+
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef __ASIO_H
+#define __ASIO_H
+
+// force 4 byte alignment
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__MWERKS__) 
+#pragma pack(push,4)
+#elif PRAGMA_ALIGN_SUPPORTED
+#pragma options align = native
+#endif
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// Type definitions
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+// number of samples data type is 64 bit integer
+#if NATIVE_INT64
+	typedef long long int ASIOSamples;
+#else
+	typedef struct ASIOSamples {
+		unsigned long hi;
+		unsigned long lo;
+	} ASIOSamples;
+#endif
+
+// Timestamp data type is 64 bit integer,
+// Time format is Nanoseconds.
+#if NATIVE_INT64
+	typedef long long int ASIOTimeStamp ;
+#else
+	typedef struct ASIOTimeStamp {
+		unsigned long hi;
+		unsigned long lo;
+	} ASIOTimeStamp;
+#endif
+
+// Samplerates are expressed in IEEE 754 64 bit double float,
+// native format as host computer
+#if IEEE754_64FLOAT
+	typedef double ASIOSampleRate;
+#else
+	typedef struct ASIOSampleRate {
+		char ieee[8];
+	} ASIOSampleRate;
+#endif
+
+// Boolean values are expressed as long
+typedef long ASIOBool;
+enum {
+	ASIOFalse = 0,
+	ASIOTrue = 1
+};
+
+// Sample Types are expressed as long
+typedef long ASIOSampleType;
+enum {
+	ASIOSTInt16MSB   = 0,
+	ASIOSTInt24MSB   = 1,		// used for 20 bits as well
+	ASIOSTInt32MSB   = 2,
+	ASIOSTFloat32MSB = 3,		// IEEE 754 32 bit float
+	ASIOSTFloat64MSB = 4,		// IEEE 754 64 bit double float
+
+	// these are used for 32 bit data buffer, with different alignment of the data inside
+	// 32 bit PCI bus systems can be more easily used with these
+	ASIOSTInt32MSB16 = 8,		// 32 bit data with 16 bit alignment
+	ASIOSTInt32MSB18 = 9,		// 32 bit data with 18 bit alignment
+	ASIOSTInt32MSB20 = 10,		// 32 bit data with 20 bit alignment
+	ASIOSTInt32MSB24 = 11,		// 32 bit data with 24 bit alignment
+	
+	ASIOSTInt16LSB   = 16,
+	ASIOSTInt24LSB   = 17,		// used for 20 bits as well
+	ASIOSTInt32LSB   = 18,
+	ASIOSTFloat32LSB = 19,		// IEEE 754 32 bit float, as found on Intel x86 architecture
+	ASIOSTFloat64LSB = 20, 		// IEEE 754 64 bit double float, as found on Intel x86 architecture
+
+	// these are used for 32 bit data buffer, with different alignment of the data inside
+	// 32 bit PCI bus systems can more easily used with these
+	ASIOSTInt32LSB16 = 24,		// 32 bit data with 18 bit alignment
+	ASIOSTInt32LSB18 = 25,		// 32 bit data with 18 bit alignment
+	ASIOSTInt32LSB20 = 26,		// 32 bit data with 20 bit alignment
+	ASIOSTInt32LSB24 = 27,		// 32 bit data with 24 bit alignment
+
+	//	ASIO DSD format.
+	ASIOSTDSDInt8LSB1   = 32,		// DSD 1 bit data, 8 samples per byte. First sample in Least significant bit.
+	ASIOSTDSDInt8MSB1   = 33,		// DSD 1 bit data, 8 samples per byte. First sample in Most significant bit.
+	ASIOSTDSDInt8NER8	= 40,		// DSD 8 bit data, 1 sample per byte. No Endianness required.
+
+	ASIOSTLastEntry
+};
+
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// DSD operation and buffer layout
+// Definition by Steinberg/Sony Oxford.
+//
+// We have tried to treat DSD as PCM and so keep a consistant structure across
+// the ASIO interface.
+//
+// DSD's sample rate is normally referenced as a multiple of 44.1Khz, so
+// the standard sample rate is refered to as 64Fs (or 2.8224Mhz). We looked
+// at making a special case for DSD and adding a field to the ASIOFuture that
+// would allow the user to select the Over Sampleing Rate (OSR) as a seperate
+// entity but decided in the end just to treat it as a simple value of
+// 2.8224Mhz and use the standard interface to set it.
+//
+// The second problem was the "word" size, in PCM the word size is always a
+// greater than or equal to 8 bits (a byte). This makes life easy as we can
+// then pack the samples into the "natural" size for the machine.
+// In DSD the "word" size is 1 bit. This is not a major problem and can easily
+// be dealt with if we ensure that we always deal with a multiple of 8 samples.
+//
+// DSD brings with it another twist to the Endianness religion. How are the
+// samples packed into the byte. It would be nice to just say the most significant
+// bit is always the first sample, however there would then be a performance hit
+// on little endian machines. Looking at how some of the processing goes...
+// Little endian machines like the first sample to be in the Least Significant Bit,
+//   this is because when you write it to memory the data is in the correct format
+//   to be shifted in and out of the words.
+// Big endian machine prefer the first sample to be in the Most Significant Bit,
+//   again for the same reasion.
+//
+// And just when things were looking really muddy there is a proposed extension to
+// DSD that uses 8 bit word sizes. It does not care what endianness you use.
+//
+// Switching the driver between DSD and PCM mode
+// ASIOFuture allows for extending the ASIO API quite transparently.
+// See kAsioSetIoFormat, kAsioGetIoFormat, kAsioCanDoIoFormat
+//
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// Error codes
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+typedef long ASIOError;
+enum {
+	ASE_OK = 0,             // This value will be returned whenever the call succeeded
+	ASE_SUCCESS = 0x3f4847a0,	// unique success return value for ASIOFuture calls
+	ASE_NotPresent = -1000, // hardware input or output is not present or available
+	ASE_HWMalfunction,      // hardware is malfunctioning (can be returned by any ASIO function)
+	ASE_InvalidParameter,   // input parameter invalid
+	ASE_InvalidMode,        // hardware is in a bad mode or used in a bad mode
+	ASE_SPNotAdvancing,     // hardware is not running when sample position is inquired
+	ASE_NoClock,            // sample clock or rate cannot be determined or is not present
+	ASE_NoMemory            // not enough memory for completing the request
+};
+
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// Time Info support
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+typedef struct ASIOTimeCode
+{       
+	double          speed;                  // speed relation (fraction of nominal speed)
+	                                        // optional; set to 0. or 1. if not supported
+	ASIOSamples     timeCodeSamples;        // time in samples
+	unsigned long   flags;                  // some information flags (see below)
+	char future[64];
+} ASIOTimeCode;
+
+typedef enum ASIOTimeCodeFlags
+{
+	kTcValid                = 1,
+	kTcRunning              = 1 << 1,
+	kTcReverse              = 1 << 2,
+	kTcOnspeed              = 1 << 3,
+	kTcStill                = 1 << 4,
+	
+	kTcSpeedValid           = 1 << 8
+}  ASIOTimeCodeFlags;
+
+typedef struct AsioTimeInfo
+{
+	double          speed;                  // absolute speed (1. = nominal)
+	ASIOTimeStamp   systemTime;             // system time related to samplePosition, in nanoseconds
+	                                        // on mac, must be derived from Microseconds() (not UpTime()!)
+	                                        // on windows, must be derived from timeGetTime()
+	ASIOSamples     samplePosition;
+	ASIOSampleRate  sampleRate;             // current rate
+	unsigned long flags;                    // (see below)
+	char reserved[12];
+} AsioTimeInfo;
+
+typedef enum AsioTimeInfoFlags
+{
+	kSystemTimeValid        = 1,            // must always be valid
+	kSamplePositionValid    = 1 << 1,       // must always be valid
+	kSampleRateValid        = 1 << 2,
+	kSpeedValid             = 1 << 3,
+	
+	kSampleRateChanged      = 1 << 4,
+	kClockSourceChanged     = 1 << 5
+} AsioTimeInfoFlags;
+
+typedef struct ASIOTime                          // both input/output
+{
+	long reserved[4];                       // must be 0
+	struct AsioTimeInfo     timeInfo;       // required
+	struct ASIOTimeCode     timeCode;       // optional, evaluated if (timeCode.flags & kTcValid)
+} ASIOTime;
+
+/*
+
+using time info:
+it is recommended to use the new method with time info even if the asio
+device does not support timecode; continuous calls to ASIOGetSamplePosition
+and ASIOGetSampleRate are avoided, and there is a more defined relationship
+between callback time and the time info.
+
+see the example below.
+to initiate time info mode, after you have received the callbacks pointer in
+ASIOCreateBuffers, you will call the asioMessage callback with kAsioSupportsTimeInfo
+as the argument. if this returns 1, host has accepted time info mode.
+now host expects the new callback bufferSwitchTimeInfo to be used instead
+of the old bufferSwitch method. the ASIOTime structure is assumed to be valid
+and accessible until the callback returns.
+
+using time code:
+if the device supports reading time code, it will call host's asioMessage callback
+with kAsioSupportsTimeCode as the selector. it may then fill the according
+fields and set the kTcValid flag.
+host will call the future method with the kAsioEnableTimeCodeRead selector when
+it wants to enable or disable tc reading by the device. you should also support
+the kAsioCanTimeInfo and kAsioCanTimeCode selectors in ASIOFuture (see example).
+
+note:
+the AsioTimeInfo/ASIOTimeCode pair is supposed to work in both directions.
+as a matter of convention, the relationship between the sample
+position counter and the time code at buffer switch time is
+(ignoring offset between tc and sample pos when tc is running):
+
+on input:	sample 0 -> input  buffer sample 0 -> time code 0
+on output:	sample 0 -> output buffer sample 0 -> time code 0
+
+this means that for 'real' calculations, one has to take into account
+the according latencies.
+
+example:
+
+ASIOTime asioTime;
+
+in createBuffers()
+{
+	memset(&asioTime, 0, sizeof(ASIOTime));
+	AsioTimeInfo* ti = &asioTime.timeInfo;
+	ti->sampleRate = theSampleRate;
+	ASIOTimeCode* tc = &asioTime.timeCode;
+	tc->speed = 1.;
+	timeInfoMode = false;
+	canTimeCode = false;
+	if(callbacks->asioMessage(kAsioSupportsTimeInfo, 0, 0, 0) == 1)
+	{
+		timeInfoMode = true;
+#if kCanTimeCode
+		if(callbacks->asioMessage(kAsioSupportsTimeCode, 0, 0, 0) == 1)
+			canTimeCode = true;
+#endif
+	}
+}
+
+void switchBuffers(long doubleBufferIndex, bool processNow)
+{
+	if(timeInfoMode)
+	{
+		AsioTimeInfo* ti = &asioTime.timeInfo;
+		ti->flags =	kSystemTimeValid | kSamplePositionValid | kSampleRateValid;
+		ti->systemTime = theNanoSeconds;
+		ti->samplePosition = theSamplePosition;
+		if(ti->sampleRate != theSampleRate)
+			ti->flags |= kSampleRateChanged;
+		ti->sampleRate = theSampleRate;
+
+#if kCanTimeCode
+		if(canTimeCode && timeCodeEnabled)
+		{
+			ASIOTimeCode* tc = &asioTime.timeCode;
+			tc->timeCodeSamples = tcSamples;						// tc in samples
+			tc->flags = kTcValid | kTcRunning | kTcOnspeed;			// if so...
+		}
+		ASIOTime* bb = callbacks->bufferSwitchTimeInfo(&asioTime, doubleBufferIndex, processNow ? ASIOTrue : ASIOFalse);
+#else
+		callbacks->bufferSwitchTimeInfo(&asioTime, doubleBufferIndex, processNow ? ASIOTrue : ASIOFalse);
+#endif
+	}
+	else
+		callbacks->bufferSwitch(doubleBufferIndex, ASIOFalse);
+}
+
+ASIOError ASIOFuture(long selector, void *params)
+{
+	switch(selector)
+	{
+		case kAsioEnableTimeCodeRead:
+			timeCodeEnabled = true;
+			return ASE_SUCCESS;
+		case kAsioDisableTimeCodeRead:
+			timeCodeEnabled = false;
+			return ASE_SUCCESS;
+		case kAsioCanTimeInfo:
+			return ASE_SUCCESS;
+		#if kCanTimeCode
+		case kAsioCanTimeCode:
+			return ASE_SUCCESS;
+		#endif
+	}
+	return ASE_NotPresent;
+};
+
+*/
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// application's audio stream handler callbacks
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+typedef struct ASIOCallbacks
+{
+	void (*bufferSwitch) (long doubleBufferIndex, ASIOBool directProcess);
+		// bufferSwitch indicates that both input and output are to be processed.
+		// the current buffer half index (0 for A, 1 for B) determines
+		// - the output buffer that the host should start to fill. the other buffer
+		//   will be passed to output hardware regardless of whether it got filled
+		//   in time or not.
+		// - the input buffer that is now filled with incoming data. Note that
+		//   because of the synchronicity of i/o, the input always has at
+		//   least one buffer latency in relation to the output.
+		// directProcess suggests to the host whether it should immedeately
+		// start processing (directProcess == ASIOTrue), or whether its process
+		// should be deferred because the call comes from a very low level
+		// (for instance, a high level priority interrupt), and direct processing
+		// would cause timing instabilities for the rest of the system. If in doubt,
+		// directProcess should be set to ASIOFalse.
+		// Note: bufferSwitch may be called at interrupt time for highest efficiency.
+
+	void (*sampleRateDidChange) (ASIOSampleRate sRate);
+		// gets called when the AudioStreamIO detects a sample rate change
+		// If sample rate is unknown, 0 is passed (for instance, clock loss
+		// when externally synchronized).
+
+	long (*asioMessage) (long selector, long value, void* message, double* opt);
+		// generic callback for various purposes, see selectors below.
+		// note this is only present if the asio version is 2 or higher
+
+	ASIOTime* (*bufferSwitchTimeInfo) (ASIOTime* params, long doubleBufferIndex, ASIOBool directProcess);
+		// new callback with time info. makes ASIOGetSamplePosition() and various
+		// calls to ASIOGetSampleRate obsolete,
+		// and allows for timecode sync etc. to be preferred; will be used if
+		// the driver calls asioMessage with selector kAsioSupportsTimeInfo.
+} ASIOCallbacks;
+
+// asioMessage selectors
+enum
+{
+	kAsioSelectorSupported = 1,	// selector in <value>, returns 1L if supported,
+								// 0 otherwise
+    kAsioEngineVersion,			// returns engine (host) asio implementation version,
+								// 2 or higher
+	kAsioResetRequest,			// request driver reset. if accepted, this
+								// will close the driver (ASIO_Exit() ) and
+								// re-open it again (ASIO_Init() etc). some
+								// drivers need to reconfigure for instance
+								// when the sample rate changes, or some basic
+								// changes have been made in ASIO_ControlPanel().
+								// returns 1L; note the request is merely passed
+								// to the application, there is no way to determine
+								// if it gets accepted at this time (but it usually
+								// will be).
+	kAsioBufferSizeChange,		// not yet supported, will currently always return 0L.
+								// for now, use kAsioResetRequest instead.
+								// once implemented, the new buffer size is expected
+								// in <value>, and on success returns 1L
+	kAsioResyncRequest,			// the driver went out of sync, such that
+								// the timestamp is no longer valid. this
+								// is a request to re-start the engine and
+								// slave devices (sequencer). returns 1 for ok,
+								// 0 if not supported.
+	kAsioLatenciesChanged, 		// the drivers latencies have changed. The engine
+								// will refetch the latencies.
+	kAsioSupportsTimeInfo,		// if host returns true here, it will expect the
+								// callback bufferSwitchTimeInfo to be called instead
+								// of bufferSwitch
+	kAsioSupportsTimeCode,		// 
+	kAsioMMCCommand,			// unused - value: number of commands, message points to mmc commands
+	kAsioSupportsInputMonitor,	// kAsioSupportsXXX return 1 if host supports this
+	kAsioSupportsInputGain,     // unused and undefined
+	kAsioSupportsInputMeter,    // unused and undefined
+	kAsioSupportsOutputGain,    // unused and undefined
+	kAsioSupportsOutputMeter,   // unused and undefined
+	kAsioOverload,              // driver detected an overload
+
+	kAsioNumMessageSelectors
+};
+
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// (De-)Construction
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+typedef struct ASIODriverInfo
+{
+	long asioVersion;		// currently, 2
+	long driverVersion;		// driver specific
+	char name[32];
+	char errorMessage[124];
+	void *sysRef;			// on input: system reference
+							// (Windows: application main window handle, Mac & SGI: 0)
+} ASIODriverInfo;
+
+ASIOError ASIOInit(ASIODriverInfo *info);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Initialize the AudioStreamIO.
+	Parameter:
+	  info: pointer to an ASIODriver structure:
+	    - asioVersion:
+			- on input, the host version. *** Note *** this is 0 for earlier asio
+			implementations, and the asioMessage callback is implemeted
+			only if asioVersion is 2 or greater. sorry but due to a design fault
+			the driver doesn't have access to the host version in ASIOInit :-(
+			added selector for host (engine) version in the asioMessage callback
+			so we're ok from now on.
+			- on return, asio implementation version.
+			  older versions are 1
+			  if you support this version (namely, ASIO_outputReady() )
+			  this should be 2 or higher. also see the note in
+			  ASIO_getTimeStamp() !
+	    - version: on return, the driver version (format is driver specific)
+	    - name: on return, a null-terminated string containing the driver's name
+		- error message: on return, should contain a user message describing
+		  the type of error that occured during ASIOInit(), if any.
+		- sysRef: platform specific
+	Returns:
+	  If neither input nor output is present ASE_NotPresent
+	  will be returned.
+	  ASE_NoMemory, ASE_HWMalfunction are other possible error conditions
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOExit(void);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Terminates the AudioStreamIO.
+	Parameter:
+	  None.
+	Returns:
+	  If neither input nor output is present ASE_NotPresent
+	  will be returned.
+	Notes: this implies ASIOStop() and ASIODisposeBuffers(),
+	  meaning that no host callbacks must be accessed after ASIOExit().
+*/
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// Start/Stop
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+ASIOError ASIOStart(void);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Start input and output processing synchronously.
+	  This will
+	  - reset the sample counter to zero
+	  - start the hardware (both input and output)
+	    The first call to the hosts' bufferSwitch(index == 0) then tells
+	    the host to read from input buffer A (index 0), and start
+	    processing to output buffer A while output buffer B (which
+	    has been filled by the host prior to calling ASIOStart())
+	    is possibly sounding (see also ASIOGetLatencies()) 
+	Parameter:
+	  None.
+	Returns:
+	  If neither input nor output is present, ASE_NotPresent
+	  will be returned.
+	  If the hardware fails to start, ASE_HWMalfunction will be returned.
+	Notes:
+	  There is no restriction on the time that ASIOStart() takes
+	  to perform (that is, it is not considered a realtime trigger).
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOStop(void);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Stops input and output processing altogether.
+	Parameter:
+	  None.
+	Returns:
+	  If neither input nor output is present ASE_NotPresent
+	  will be returned.
+	Notes:
+	  On return from ASIOStop(), the driver must in no
+	  case call the hosts' bufferSwitch() routine.
+*/
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// Inquiry methods and sample rate
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetChannels(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Returns number of individual input/output channels.
+	Parameter:
+	  numInputChannels will hold the number of available input channels
+	  numOutputChannels will hold the number of available output channels
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	  If only inputs, or only outputs are available, the according
+	  other parameter will be zero, and ASE_OK is returned.
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetLatencies(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Returns the input and output latencies. This includes
+	  device specific delays, like FIFOs etc.
+	Parameter:
+	  inputLatency will hold the 'age' of the first sample frame
+	  in the input buffer when the hosts reads it in bufferSwitch()
+	  (this is theoretical, meaning it does not include the overhead
+	  and delay between the actual physical switch, and the time
+	  when bufferSitch() enters).
+	  This will usually be the size of one block in sample frames, plus
+	  device specific latencies.
+
+	  outputLatency will specify the time between the buffer switch,
+	  and the time when the next play buffer will start to sound.
+	  The next play buffer is defined as the one the host starts
+	  processing after (or at) bufferSwitch(), indicated by the
+	  index parameter (0 for buffer A, 1 for buffer B).
+	  It will usually be either one block, if the host writes directly
+	  to a dma buffer, or two or more blocks if the buffer is 'latched' by
+	  the driver. As an example, on ASIOStart(), the host will have filled
+	  the play buffer at index 1 already; when it gets the callback (with
+	  the parameter index == 0), this tells it to read from the input
+	  buffer 0, and start to fill the play buffer 0 (assuming that now
+	  play buffer 1 is already sounding). In this case, the output
+	  latency is one block. If the driver decides to copy buffer 1
+	  at that time, and pass it to the hardware at the next slot (which
+	  is most commonly done, but should be avoided), the output latency
+	  becomes two blocks instead, resulting in a total i/o latency of at least
+	  3 blocks. As memory access is the main bottleneck in native dsp processing,
+	  and to acheive less latency, it is highly recommended to try to avoid
+	  copying (this is also why the driver is the owner of the buffers). To
+	  summarize, the minimum i/o latency can be acheived if the input buffer
+	  is processed by the host into the output buffer which will physically
+	  start to sound on the next time slice. Also note that the host expects
+	  the bufferSwitch() callback to be accessed for each time slice in order
+	  to retain sync, possibly recursively; if it fails to process a block in
+	  time, it will suspend its operation for some time in order to recover.
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetBufferSize(long *minSize, long *maxSize, long *preferredSize, long *granularity);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Returns min, max, and preferred buffer sizes for input/output
+	Parameter:
+	  minSize will hold the minimum buffer size
+	  maxSize will hold the maxium possible buffer size
+	  preferredSize will hold the preferred buffer size (a size which
+	  best fits performance and hardware requirements)
+	  granularity will hold the granularity at which buffer sizes
+	  may differ. Usually, the buffer size will be a power of 2;
+	  in this case, granularity will hold -1 on return, signalling
+	  possible buffer sizes starting from minSize, increased in
+	  powers of 2 up to maxSize.
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	Notes:
+	  When minimum and maximum buffer size are equal,
+	  the preferred buffer size has to be the same value as well; granularity
+	  should be 0 in this case.
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOCanSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Inquires the hardware for the available sample rates.
+	Parameter:
+	  sampleRate is the rate in question.
+	Returns:
+	  If the inquired sample rate is not supported, ASE_NoClock will be returned.
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+*/
+ASIOError ASIOGetSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate *currentRate);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Get the current sample Rate.
+	Parameter:
+	  currentRate will hold the current sample rate on return.
+	Returns:
+	  If sample rate is unknown, sampleRate will be 0 and ASE_NoClock will be returned.
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	Notes:
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOSetSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Set the hardware to the requested sample Rate. If sampleRate == 0,
+	  enable external sync.
+	Parameter:
+	  sampleRate: on input, the requested rate
+	Returns:
+	  If sampleRate is unknown ASE_NoClock will be returned.
+	  If the current clock is external, and sampleRate is != 0,
+	  ASE_InvalidMode will be returned
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	Notes:
+*/
+
+typedef struct ASIOClockSource
+{
+	long index;					// as used for ASIOSetClockSource()
+	long associatedChannel;		// for instance, S/PDIF or AES/EBU
+	long associatedGroup;		// see channel groups (ASIOGetChannelInfo())
+	ASIOBool isCurrentSource;	// ASIOTrue if this is the current clock source
+	char name[32];				// for user selection
+} ASIOClockSource;
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetClockSources(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Get the available external audio clock sources
+	Parameter:
+	  clocks points to an array of ASIOClockSource structures:
+	  	- index: this is used to identify the clock source
+	  	  when ASIOSetClockSource() is accessed, should be
+	  	  an index counting from zero
+	  	- associatedInputChannel: the first channel of an associated
+	  	  input group, if any.
+	  	- associatedGroup: the group index of that channel.
+	  	  groups of channels are defined to seperate for
+	  	  instance analog, S/PDIF, AES/EBU, ADAT connectors etc,
+	  	  when present simultaniously. Note that associated channel
+	  	  is enumerated according to numInputs/numOutputs, means it
+	  	  is independant from a group (see also ASIOGetChannelInfo())
+	  	  inputs are associated to a clock if the physical connection
+	  	  transfers both data and clock (like S/PDIF, AES/EBU, or
+	  	  ADAT inputs). if there is no input channel associated with
+	  	  the clock source (like Word Clock, or internal oscillator), both
+	  	  associatedChannel and associatedGroup should be set to -1.
+	  	- isCurrentSource: on exit, ASIOTrue if this is the current clock
+	  	  source, ASIOFalse else
+		- name: a null-terminated string for user selection of the available sources.
+	  numSources:
+	      on input: the number of allocated array members
+	      on output: the number of available clock sources, at least
+	      1 (internal clock generator).
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	Notes:
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOSetClockSource(long index);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Set the audio clock source
+	Parameter:
+	  index as obtained from an inquiry to ASIOGetClockSources()
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	  If the clock can not be selected because an input channel which
+	  carries the current clock source is active, ASE_InvalidMode
+	  *may* be returned (this depends on the properties of the driver
+	  and/or hardware).
+	Notes:
+	  Should *not* return ASE_NoClock if there is no clock signal present
+	  at the selected source; this will be inquired via ASIOGetSampleRate().
+	  It should call the host callback procedure sampleRateHasChanged(),
+	  if the switch causes a sample rate change, or if no external clock
+	  is present at the selected source.
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetSamplePosition (ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Inquires the sample position/time stamp pair.
+	Parameter:
+	  sPos will hold the sample position on return. The sample
+	  position is reset to zero when ASIOStart() gets called.
+	  tStamp will hold the system time when the sample position
+	  was latched.
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present, ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	  If there is no clock, ASE_SPNotAdvancing will be returned.
+	Notes:
+
+	  in order to be able to synchronise properly,
+	  the sample position / time stamp pair must refer to the current block,
+	  that is, the engine will call ASIOGetSamplePosition() in its bufferSwitch()
+	  callback and expect the time for the current block. thus, when requested
+	  in the very first bufferSwitch after ASIO_Start(), the sample position
+	  should be zero, and the time stamp should refer to the very time where
+	  the stream was started. it also means that the sample position must be
+	  block aligned. the driver must ensure proper interpolation if the system
+	  time can not be determined for the block position. the driver is responsible
+	  for precise time stamps as it usually has most direct access to lower
+	  level resources. proper behaviour of ASIO_GetSamplePosition() and ASIO_GetLatencies()
+	  are essential for precise media synchronization!
+*/
+
+typedef struct ASIOChannelInfo
+{
+	long channel;			// on input, channel index
+	ASIOBool isInput;		// on input
+	ASIOBool isActive;		// on exit
+	long channelGroup;		// dto
+	ASIOSampleType type;	// dto
+	char name[32];			// dto
+} ASIOChannelInfo;
+
+ASIOError ASIOGetChannelInfo(ASIOChannelInfo *info);
+/* Purpose:
+	  retreive information about the nature of a channel
+	Parameter:
+	  info: pointer to a ASIOChannelInfo structure with
+	  	- channel: on input, the channel index of the channel in question.
+	  	- isInput: on input, ASIOTrue if info for an input channel is
+	  	  requested, else output
+		- channelGroup: on return, the channel group that the channel
+		  belongs to. For drivers which support different types of
+		  channels, like analog, S/PDIF, AES/EBU, ADAT etc interfaces,
+		  there should be a reasonable grouping of these types. Groups
+		  are always independant form a channel index, that is, a channel
+		  index always counts from 0 to numInputs/numOutputs regardless
+		  of the group it may belong to.
+		  There will always be at least one group (group 0). Please
+		  also note that by default, the host may decide to activate
+		  channels 0 and 1; thus, these should belong to the most
+		  useful type (analog i/o, if present).
+	  	- type: on return, contains the sample type of the channel
+	  	- isActive: on return, ASIOTrue if channel is active as it was
+	  	  installed by ASIOCreateBuffers(), ASIOFalse else
+	  	- name:  describing the type of channel in question. Used to allow
+	  	  for user selection, and enabling of specific channels. examples:
+	      "Analog In", "SPDIF Out" etc
+	Returns:
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	Notes:
+	  If possible, the string should be organised such that the first
+	  characters are most significantly describing the nature of the
+	  port, to allow for identification even if the view showing the
+	  port name is too small to display more than 8 characters, for
+	  instance.
+*/
+
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+// Buffer preparation
+//- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+typedef struct ASIOBufferInfo
+{
+	ASIOBool isInput;			// on input:  ASIOTrue: input, else output
+	long channelNum;			// on input:  channel index
+	void *buffers[2];			// on output: double buffer addresses
+} ASIOBufferInfo;
+
+ASIOError ASIOCreateBuffers(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos, long numChannels,
+	long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks);
+
+/* Purpose:
+	  Allocates input/output buffers for all input and output channels to be activated.
+	Parameter:
+	  bufferInfos is a pointer to an array of ASIOBufferInfo structures:
+	    - isInput: on input, ASIOTrue if the buffer is to be allocated
+	      for an input, output buffer else
+	    - channelNum: on input, the index of the channel in question
+	      (counting from 0)
+	    - buffers: on exit, 2 pointers to the halves of the channels' double-buffer.
+	      the size of the buffer(s) of course depend on both the ASIOSampleType
+	      as obtained from ASIOGetChannelInfo(), and bufferSize
+	  numChannels is the sum of all input and output channels to be created;
+	  thus bufferInfos is a pointer to an array of numChannels ASIOBufferInfo
+	  structures.
+	  bufferSize selects one of the possible buffer sizes as obtained from
+	  ASIOGetBufferSizes().
+	  callbacks is a pointer to an ASIOCallbacks structure.
+	Returns:
+	  If not enough memory is available ASE_NoMemory will be returned.
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	  If bufferSize is not supported, or one or more of the bufferInfos elements
+	  contain invalid settings, ASE_InvalidMode will be returned.
+	Notes:
+	  If individual channel selection is not possible but requested,
+	  the driver has to handle this. namely, bufferSwitch() will only
+	  have filled buffers of enabled outputs. If possible, processing
+	  and buss activities overhead should be avoided for channels which
+	  were not enabled here.
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIODisposeBuffers(void);
+/* Purpose:
+	  Releases all buffers for the device.
+	Parameter:
+	  None.
+	Returns:
+	  If no buffer were ever prepared, ASE_InvalidMode will be returned.
+	  If no input/output is present ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	Notes:
+	  This implies ASIOStop().
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOControlPanel(void);
+/* Purpose:
+	  request the driver to start a control panel component
+	  for device specific user settings. This will not be
+	  accessed on some platforms (where the component is accessed
+	  instead).
+	Parameter:
+	  None.
+	Returns:
+	  If no panel is available ASE_NotPresent will be returned.
+	  Actually, the return code is ignored.
+	Notes:
+	  if the user applied settings which require a re-configuration
+	  of parts or all of the enigine and/or driver (such as a change of
+	  the block size), the asioMessage callback can be used (see
+	  ASIO_Callbacks).
+*/
+
+ASIOError ASIOFuture(long selector, void *params);
+/* Purpose:
+	  various
+	Parameter:
+	  selector: operation Code as to be defined. zero is reserved for
+	  testing purposes.
+	  params: depends on the selector; usually pointer to a structure
+	  for passing and retreiving any type and amount of parameters.
+	Returns:
+	  the return value is also selector dependant. if the selector
+	  is unknown, ASE_InvalidParameter should be returned to prevent
+	  further calls with this selector. on success, ASE_SUCCESS
+	  must be returned (note: ASE_OK is *not* sufficient!)
+	Notes:
+	  see selectors defined below.	  
+*/
+
+enum
+{
+	kAsioEnableTimeCodeRead = 1,	// no arguments
+	kAsioDisableTimeCodeRead,		// no arguments
+	kAsioSetInputMonitor,			// ASIOInputMonitor* in params
+	kAsioTransport,					// ASIOTransportParameters* in params
+	kAsioSetInputGain,				// ASIOChannelControls* in params, apply gain
+	kAsioGetInputMeter,				// ASIOChannelControls* in params, fill meter
+	kAsioSetOutputGain,				// ASIOChannelControls* in params, apply gain
+	kAsioGetOutputMeter,			// ASIOChannelControls* in params, fill meter
+	kAsioCanInputMonitor,			// no arguments for kAsioCanXXX selectors
+	kAsioCanTimeInfo,
+	kAsioCanTimeCode,
+	kAsioCanTransport,
+	kAsioCanInputGain,
+	kAsioCanInputMeter,
+	kAsioCanOutputGain,
+	kAsioCanOutputMeter,
+	kAsioOptionalOne,
+	
+	//	DSD support
+	//	The following extensions are required to allow switching
+	//	and control of the DSD subsystem.
+	kAsioSetIoFormat			= 0x23111961,		/* ASIOIoFormat * in params.			*/
+	kAsioGetIoFormat			= 0x23111983,		/* ASIOIoFormat * in params.			*/
+	kAsioCanDoIoFormat			= 0x23112004,		/* ASIOIoFormat * in params.			*/
+	
+	// Extension for drop out detection
+	kAsioCanReportOverload			= 0x24042012,	/* return ASE_SUCCESS if driver can detect and report overloads */
+	
+	kAsioGetInternalBufferSamples	= 0x25042012	/* ASIOInternalBufferInfo * in params. Deliver size of driver internal buffering, return ASE_SUCCESS if supported */
+};
+
+typedef struct ASIOInputMonitor
+{
+	long input;		// this input was set to monitor (or off), -1: all
+	long output;	// suggested output for monitoring the input (if so)
+	long gain;		// suggested gain, ranging 0 - 0x7fffffffL (-inf to +12 dB)
+	ASIOBool state;	// ASIOTrue => on, ASIOFalse => off
+	long pan;		// suggested pan, 0 => all left, 0x7fffffff => right
+} ASIOInputMonitor;
+
+typedef struct ASIOChannelControls
+{
+	long channel;			// on input, channel index
+	ASIOBool isInput;		// on input
+	long gain;				// on input,  ranges 0 thru 0x7fffffff
+	long meter;				// on return, ranges 0 thru 0x7fffffff
+	char future[32];
+} ASIOChannelControls;
+
+typedef struct ASIOTransportParameters
+{
+	long command;		// see enum below
+	ASIOSamples samplePosition;
+	long track;
+	long trackSwitches[16];		// 512 tracks on/off
+	char future[64];
+} ASIOTransportParameters;
+
+enum
+{
+	kTransStart = 1,
+	kTransStop,
+	kTransLocate,		// to samplePosition
+	kTransPunchIn,
+	kTransPunchOut,
+	kTransArmOn,		// track
+	kTransArmOff,		// track
+	kTransMonitorOn,	// track
+	kTransMonitorOff,	// track
+	kTransArm,			// trackSwitches
+	kTransMonitor		// trackSwitches
+};
+
+/*
+// DSD support
+//	Some notes on how to use ASIOIoFormatType.
+//
+//	The caller will fill the format with the request types.
+//	If the board can do the request then it will leave the
+//	values unchanged. If the board does not support the
+//	request then it will change that entry to Invalid (-1)
+//
+//	So to request DSD then
+//
+//	ASIOIoFormat NeedThis={kASIODSDFormat};
+//
+//	if(ASE_SUCCESS != ASIOFuture(kAsioSetIoFormat,&NeedThis) ){
+//		// If the board did not accept one of the parameters then the
+//		// whole call will fail and the failing parameter will
+//		// have had its value changes to -1.
+//	}
+//
+// Note: Switching between the formats need to be done before the "prepared"
+// state (see ASIO 2 documentation) is entered.
+*/
+typedef long int ASIOIoFormatType;
+enum ASIOIoFormatType_e
+{
+	kASIOFormatInvalid = -1,
+	kASIOPCMFormat = 0,
+	kASIODSDFormat = 1,
+};
+
+typedef struct ASIOIoFormat_s
+{
+	ASIOIoFormatType	FormatType;
+	char				future[512-sizeof(ASIOIoFormatType)];
+} ASIOIoFormat;
+
+// Extension for drop detection
+// Note: Refers to buffering that goes beyond the double buffer e.g. used by USB driver designs
+typedef struct ASIOInternalBufferInfo
+{
+	long inputSamples;			// size of driver's internal input buffering which is included in getLatencies
+	long outputSamples;			// size of driver's internal output buffering which is included in getLatencies
+} ASIOInternalBufferInfo;
+
+
+ASIOError ASIOOutputReady(void);
+/* Purpose:
+	  this tells the driver that the host has completed processing
+	  the output buffers. if the data format required by the hardware
+	  differs from the supported asio formats, but the hardware
+	  buffers are DMA buffers, the driver will have to convert
+	  the audio stream data; as the bufferSwitch callback is
+	  usually issued at dma block switch time, the driver will
+	  have to convert the *previous* host buffer, which increases
+	  the output latency by one block.
+	  when the host finds out that ASIOOutputReady() returns
+	  true, it will issue this call whenever it completed
+	  output processing. then the driver can convert the
+	  host data directly to the dma buffer to be played next,
+	  reducing output latency by one block.
+	  another way to look at it is, that the buffer switch is called
+	  in order to pass the *input* stream to the host, so that it can
+	  process the input into the output, and the output stream is passed
+	  to the driver when the host has completed its process.
+	Parameter:
+		None
+	Returns:
+	  only if the above mentioned scenario is given, and a reduction
+	  of output latency can be acheived by this mechanism, should
+	  ASE_OK be returned. otherwise (and usually), ASE_NotPresent
+	  should be returned in order to prevent further calls to this
+	  function. note that the host may want to determine if it is
+	  to use this when the system is not yet fully initialized, so
+	  ASE_OK should always be returned if the mechanism makes sense.	  
+	Notes:
+	  please remeber to adjust ASIOGetLatencies() according to
+	  whether ASIOOutputReady() was ever called or not, if your
+	  driver supports this scenario.
+	  also note that the engine may fail to call ASIO_OutputReady()
+	  in time in overload cases. as already mentioned, bufferSwitch
+      should be called for every block regardless of whether a block
+      could be processed in time.
+*/
+
+// restore old alignment
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__MWERKS__) 
+#pragma pack(pop)
+#elif PRAGMA_ALIGN_SUPPORTED
+#pragma options align = reset
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asiodrivers.cpp b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asiodrivers.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..038fafe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asiodrivers.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+#include "asiodrivers.h"
+#include <string.h>
+
+AsioDrivers* asioDrivers = 0;
+
+bool loadAsioDriver(char *name);
+
+bool loadAsioDriver(char *name)
+{
+	if(!asioDrivers)
+		asioDrivers = new AsioDrivers();
+	if(asioDrivers)
+		return asioDrivers->loadDriver(name);
+	return false;
+}
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#if MAC
+bool resolveASIO(unsigned long aconnID);
+
+AsioDrivers::AsioDrivers() : CodeFragments("ASIO Drivers", 'AsDr', 'Asio')
+{
+	connID = -1;
+	curIndex = -1;
+}
+
+AsioDrivers::~AsioDrivers()
+{
+	removeCurrentDriver();
+}
+
+bool AsioDrivers::getCurrentDriverName(char *name)
+{
+	if(curIndex >= 0)
+		return getName(curIndex, name);
+	return false;
+}
+
+long AsioDrivers::getDriverNames(char **names, long maxDrivers)
+{
+	for(long i = 0; i < getNumFragments() && i < maxDrivers; i++)
+		getName(i, names[i]);
+	return getNumFragments() < maxDrivers ? getNumFragments() : maxDrivers;
+}
+
+bool AsioDrivers::loadDriver(char *name)
+{
+	char dname[64];
+	unsigned long newID;
+
+	for(long i = 0; i < getNumFragments(); i++)
+	{
+		if(getName(i, dname) && !strcmp(name, dname))
+		{
+			if(newInstance(i, &newID))
+			{
+				if(resolveASIO(newID))
+				{
+					if(connID != -1)
+						removeInstance(curIndex, connID);
+					curIndex = i;
+					connID = newID;
+					return true;
+				}
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+void AsioDrivers::removeCurrentDriver()
+{
+	if(connID != -1)
+		removeInstance(curIndex, connID);
+	connID = -1;
+	curIndex = -1;
+}
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#elif WINDOWS
+
+#include "iasiodrv.h"
+
+extern IASIO* theAsioDriver;
+
+AsioDrivers::AsioDrivers() : AsioDriverList()
+{
+	curIndex = -1;
+}
+
+AsioDrivers::~AsioDrivers()
+{
+}
+
+bool AsioDrivers::getCurrentDriverName(char *name)
+{
+	if(curIndex >= 0)
+		return asioGetDriverName(curIndex, name, 32) == 0 ? true : false;
+	name[0] = 0;
+	return false;
+}
+
+long AsioDrivers::getDriverNames(char **names, long maxDrivers)
+{
+	for(long i = 0; i < asioGetNumDev() && i < maxDrivers; i++)
+		asioGetDriverName(i, names[i], 32);
+	return asioGetNumDev() < maxDrivers ? asioGetNumDev() : maxDrivers;
+}
+
+bool AsioDrivers::loadDriver(char *name)
+{
+	char dname[64];
+	char curName[64];
+
+	for(long i = 0; i < asioGetNumDev(); i++)
+	{
+		if(!asioGetDriverName(i, dname, 32) && !strcmp(name, dname))
+		{
+			curName[0] = 0;
+			getCurrentDriverName(curName);	// in case we fail...
+			removeCurrentDriver();
+
+			if(!asioOpenDriver(i, (void **)&theAsioDriver))
+			{
+				curIndex = i;
+				return true;
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				theAsioDriver = 0;
+				if(curName[0] && strcmp(dname, curName))
+					loadDriver(curName);	// try restore
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+void AsioDrivers::removeCurrentDriver()
+{
+	if(curIndex != -1)
+		asioCloseDriver(curIndex);
+	curIndex = -1;
+}
+
+#elif SGI || BEOS
+
+#include "asiolist.h"
+
+AsioDrivers::AsioDrivers() 
+	: AsioDriverList()
+{
+	curIndex = -1;
+}
+
+AsioDrivers::~AsioDrivers()
+{
+}
+
+bool AsioDrivers::getCurrentDriverName(char *name)
+{
+	return false;
+}
+
+long AsioDrivers::getDriverNames(char **names, long maxDrivers)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+bool AsioDrivers::loadDriver(char *name)
+{
+	return false;
+}
+
+void AsioDrivers::removeCurrentDriver()
+{
+}
+
+#else
+#error implement me
+#endif
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asiodrivers.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asiodrivers.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b0efc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asiodrivers.h
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#if MAC
+#include "CodeFragments.hpp"
+
+class AsioDrivers : public CodeFragments
+
+#elif WINDOWS
+
+#include "asiolist.h"
+
+class AsioDrivers : public AsioDriverList
+
+#elif SGI || BEOS
+#include "asiolist.h"
+
+class AsioDrivers : public AsioDriverList
+
+#else
+#error implement me
+#endif
+
+{
+public:
+	AsioDrivers();
+	~AsioDrivers();
+	
+	bool getCurrentDriverName(char *name);
+	long getDriverNames(char **names, long maxDrivers);
+	bool loadDriver(char *name);
+	void removeCurrentDriver();
+	long getCurrentDriverIndex() {return curIndex;}
+protected:
+	unsigned long connID;
+	long curIndex;
+};
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asiolist.cpp b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asiolist.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fdc22e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asiolist.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+#include "asiolist.h"
+#include <windows.h>
+#include "iasiodrv.h"
+
+#include "Windows/WindowsHWrapper.h"
+
+#define ASIODRV_DESC		"description"
+#define INPROC_SERVER		"InprocServer32"
+#define ASIO_PATH			"software\\asio"
+#define COM_CLSID			"clsid"
+#define FALSE				0
+#define TRUE				0
+
+// #define FALSE false
+// #define TRUE true
+
+// ******************************************************************
+// Local Functions 
+// ******************************************************************
+static LONG findDrvPath (char *clsidstr,char *dllpath,int dllpathsize)
+{
+	HKEY			hkEnum,hksub,hkpath;
+	char			databuf[512];
+	LONG 			cr,rc = -1;
+	DWORD			datatype,datasize;
+	DWORD			index;
+	OFSTRUCT		ofs;
+	HFILE			hfile;
+	BOOL			found = FALSE;
+
+	CharLowerBuffA(clsidstr,strlen(clsidstr));
+	if ((cr = RegOpenKeyA(HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,COM_CLSID,&hkEnum)) == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+
+		index = 0;
+		while (cr == ERROR_SUCCESS && !found) {
+			cr = RegEnumKeyA(hkEnum,index++,databuf,512);
+			if (cr == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+				CharLowerBuffA(databuf,strlen(databuf));
+				if (!(strcmp(databuf,clsidstr))) {
+					if ((cr = RegOpenKeyExA(hkEnum,databuf,0,KEY_READ,&hksub)) == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+						if ((cr = RegOpenKeyExA(hksub,INPROC_SERVER,0,KEY_READ,&hkpath)) == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+							datatype = REG_SZ; datasize = (DWORD)dllpathsize;
+							cr = RegQueryValueEx(hkpath,0,0,&datatype,(LPBYTE)dllpath,&datasize);
+							if (cr == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+								memset(&ofs,0,sizeof(OFSTRUCT));
+								ofs.cBytes = sizeof(OFSTRUCT); 
+								hfile = OpenFile(dllpath,&ofs,OF_EXIST);
+								if (hfile) rc = 0; 
+							}
+							RegCloseKey(hkpath);
+						}
+						RegCloseKey(hksub);
+					}
+					found = TRUE;	// break out 
+				}
+			}
+		}				
+		RegCloseKey(hkEnum);
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
+
+static LPASIODRVSTRUCT newDrvStruct (HKEY hkey,char *keyname,int drvID,LPASIODRVSTRUCT lpdrv)
+{
+	HKEY	hksub;
+	char	databuf[256];
+	char	dllpath[MAXPATHLEN];
+	WORD	wData[100];
+	CLSID	clsid;
+	DWORD	datatype,datasize;
+	LONG	cr,rc;
+
+	if (!lpdrv) {
+		if ((cr = RegOpenKeyEx(hkey,(LPCTSTR)keyname,0,KEY_READ,&hksub)) == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+
+			datatype = REG_SZ; datasize = 256;
+			cr = RegQueryValueExA(hksub,COM_CLSID,0,&datatype,(LPBYTE)databuf,&datasize);
+			if (cr == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+				rc = findDrvPath (databuf,dllpath,MAXPATHLEN);
+				if (rc == 0) {
+					lpdrv = new ASIODRVSTRUCT[1];
+					if (lpdrv) {
+						memset(lpdrv,0,sizeof(ASIODRVSTRUCT));
+						lpdrv->drvID = drvID;
+						MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP,0,(LPCSTR)databuf,-1,(LPWSTR)wData,100);
+						if ((cr = CLSIDFromString((LPOLESTR)wData,(LPCLSID)&clsid)) == S_OK) {
+							memcpy(&lpdrv->clsid,&clsid,sizeof(CLSID));
+						}
+
+						datatype = REG_SZ; datasize = 256;
+						cr = RegQueryValueExA(hksub,ASIODRV_DESC,0,&datatype,(LPBYTE)databuf,&datasize);
+						if (cr == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+							strcpy_s(lpdrv->drvname,databuf);
+						}
+						else strcpy_s(lpdrv->drvname,keyname);
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			RegCloseKey(hksub);
+		}
+	}	
+	else lpdrv->next = newDrvStruct(hkey,keyname,drvID+1,lpdrv->next);
+
+	return lpdrv;
+}
+
+static void deleteDrvStruct (LPASIODRVSTRUCT lpdrv)
+{
+	IASIO	*iasio;
+
+	if (lpdrv != 0) {
+		deleteDrvStruct(lpdrv->next);
+		if (lpdrv->asiodrv) {
+			iasio = (IASIO *)lpdrv->asiodrv;
+			iasio->Release();
+		}
+		delete lpdrv;
+	}
+}
+
+
+static LPASIODRVSTRUCT getDrvStruct (int drvID,LPASIODRVSTRUCT lpdrv)
+{
+	while (lpdrv) {
+		if (lpdrv->drvID == drvID) return lpdrv;
+		lpdrv = lpdrv->next;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+// ******************************************************************
+
+
+// ******************************************************************
+//	AsioDriverList
+// ******************************************************************
+AsioDriverList::AsioDriverList ()
+{
+	HKEY			hkEnum = 0;
+	char			keyname[MAXDRVNAMELEN];
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT	pdl;
+	LONG 			cr;
+	DWORD			index = 0;
+	BOOL			fin = FALSE;
+
+	numdrv		= 0;
+	lpdrvlist	= 0;
+
+	cr = RegOpenKeyA(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,ASIO_PATH,&hkEnum);
+	while (cr == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+		if ((cr = RegEnumKey(hkEnum,index++,(LPTSTR)keyname,MAXDRVNAMELEN))== ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+			lpdrvlist = newDrvStruct (hkEnum,keyname,0,lpdrvlist);
+		}
+		else fin = TRUE;
+	}
+	if (hkEnum) RegCloseKey(hkEnum);
+
+	pdl = lpdrvlist;
+	while (pdl) {
+		numdrv++;
+		pdl = pdl->next;
+	}
+
+	if (numdrv) CoInitialize(0);	// initialize COM
+}
+
+AsioDriverList::~AsioDriverList ()
+{
+	if (numdrv) {
+		deleteDrvStruct(lpdrvlist);
+		CoUninitialize();
+	}
+}
+
+
+LONG AsioDriverList::asioGetNumDev (VOID)
+{
+	return (LONG)numdrv;
+}
+
+
+LONG AsioDriverList::asioOpenDriver (int drvID,LPVOID *asiodrv)
+{
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT	lpdrv = 0;
+	long			rc;
+
+	if (!asiodrv) return DRVERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+
+	if ((lpdrv = getDrvStruct(drvID,lpdrvlist)) != 0) {
+		if (!lpdrv->asiodrv) {
+			rc = CoCreateInstance(lpdrv->clsid,0,CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,lpdrv->clsid,asiodrv);
+			if (rc == S_OK) {
+				lpdrv->asiodrv = *asiodrv;
+				return 0;
+			}
+			// else if (rc == REGDB_E_CLASSNOTREG)
+			//	strcpy (info->messageText, "Driver not registered in the Registration Database!");
+		}
+		else rc = DRVERR_DEVICE_ALREADY_OPEN;
+	}
+	else rc = DRVERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND;
+	
+	return rc;
+}
+
+
+LONG AsioDriverList::asioCloseDriver (int drvID)
+{
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT	lpdrv = 0;
+	IASIO			*iasio;
+
+	if ((lpdrv = getDrvStruct(drvID,lpdrvlist)) != 0) {
+		if (lpdrv->asiodrv) {
+			iasio = (IASIO *)lpdrv->asiodrv;
+			iasio->Release();
+			lpdrv->asiodrv = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+LONG AsioDriverList::asioGetDriverName (int drvID,char *drvname,int drvnamesize)
+{	
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT			lpdrv = 0;
+
+	if (!drvname) return DRVERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+
+	if ((lpdrv = getDrvStruct(drvID,lpdrvlist)) != 0) {
+		if (strlen(lpdrv->drvname) < (unsigned int)drvnamesize) {
+			strcpy_s(drvname,drvnamesize,lpdrv->drvname);
+		}
+		else {
+			memcpy(drvname,lpdrv->drvname,drvnamesize-4);
+			drvname[drvnamesize-4] = '.';
+			drvname[drvnamesize-3] = '.';
+			drvname[drvnamesize-2] = '.';
+			drvname[drvnamesize-1] = 0;
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return DRVERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND;
+}
+
+LONG AsioDriverList::asioGetDriverPath (int drvID,char *dllpath,int dllpathsize)
+{
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT			lpdrv = 0;
+
+	if (!dllpath) return DRVERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+
+	if ((lpdrv = getDrvStruct(drvID,lpdrvlist)) != 0) {
+		if (strlen(lpdrv->dllpath) < (unsigned int)dllpathsize) {
+			strcpy_s(dllpath,dllpathsize,lpdrv->dllpath);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		dllpath[0] = 0;
+		return DRVERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+	}
+	return DRVERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND;
+}
+
+LONG AsioDriverList::asioGetDriverCLSID (int drvID,CLSID *clsid)
+{
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT			lpdrv = 0;
+
+	if (!clsid) return DRVERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+
+	if ((lpdrv = getDrvStruct(drvID,lpdrvlist)) != 0) {
+		memcpy(clsid,&lpdrv->clsid,sizeof(CLSID));
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return DRVERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND;
+}
+
+#undef FALSE
+#undef TRUE
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asiolist.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asiolist.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f6b714
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asiolist.h
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "Windows/WindowsHWrapper.h"
+
+#define DRVERR			-5000
+#define DRVERR_INVALID_PARAM		DRVERR-1
+#define DRVERR_DEVICE_ALREADY_OPEN	DRVERR-2
+#define DRVERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND		DRVERR-3
+
+#define MAXPATHLEN			512
+#define MAXDRVNAMELEN		128
+
+struct asiodrvstruct
+{
+	int						drvID;
+	CLSID					clsid;
+	char					dllpath[MAXPATHLEN];
+	char					drvname[MAXDRVNAMELEN];
+	LPVOID					asiodrv;
+	struct asiodrvstruct	*next;
+};
+
+typedef struct asiodrvstruct ASIODRVSTRUCT;
+typedef ASIODRVSTRUCT	*LPASIODRVSTRUCT;
+
+class AsioDriverList {
+public:
+	AsioDriverList();
+	~AsioDriverList();
+	
+	LONG asioOpenDriver (int,VOID **);
+	LONG asioCloseDriver (int);
+
+	// nice to have
+	LONG asioGetNumDev (VOID);
+	LONG asioGetDriverName (int,char *,int);		
+	LONG asioGetDriverPath (int,char *,int);
+	LONG asioGetDriverCLSID (int,CLSID *);
+
+	// or use directly access
+	LPASIODRVSTRUCT	lpdrvlist;
+	int				numdrv;
+};
+typedef class AsioDriverList *LPASIODRIVERLIST;
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asiosys.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asiosys.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1fdc05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/asiosys.h
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+#ifndef __asiosys__
+	#define __asiosys__
+
+	#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN64)
+		#undef  MAC
+		#undef _MAC 
+		#define PPC 0
+		#define WINDOWS 1
+		#define SGI 0
+		#define SUN 0
+		#define LINUX 0
+		#define BEOS 0
+
+		#define NATIVE_INT64 0
+		#define IEEE754_64FLOAT 1
+
+	#elif LINUX
+		#define MAC 0
+		#define PPC 0
+		#define WINDOWS 0
+		#define SGI 0
+		#define SUN 0
+		#define LINUX 1
+		#define BEOS 0
+		
+		#define NATIVE_INT64 0
+		#define IEEE754_64FLOAT 1
+	
+	#elif BEOS
+		#define MAC 0
+		#define PPC 0
+		#define WINDOWS 0
+		#define PC 0
+		#define SGI 0
+		#define SUN 0
+		#define LINUX 0
+		
+		#define NATIVE_INT64 0
+		#define IEEE754_64FLOAT 1
+		
+		#ifndef DEBUG
+			#define DEBUG 0
+		 	#if DEBUG
+		 		void DEBUGGERMESSAGE(char *string);
+		 	#else
+		  		#define DEBUGGERMESSAGE(a)
+			#endif
+		#endif
+
+	#elif SGI
+		#define MAC 0
+		#define PPC 0
+		#define WINDOWS 0
+		#define PC 0
+		#define SUN 0
+		#define LINUX 0
+		#define BEOS 0
+		
+		#define NATIVE_INT64 0
+		#define IEEE754_64FLOAT 1
+		
+		#ifndef DEBUG
+			#define DEBUG 0
+		 	#if DEBUG
+		 		void DEBUGGERMESSAGE(char *string);
+		 	#else
+		  		#define DEBUGGERMESSAGE(a)
+			#endif
+		#endif
+
+	#else	// MAC
+
+		#define MAC 1
+		#define PPC 1
+		#define WINDOWS 0
+		#define PC 0
+		#define SGI 0
+		#define SUN 0
+		#define LINUX 0
+		#define BEOS 0
+
+		#define NATIVE_INT64 0
+		#define IEEE754_64FLOAT 1
+
+		#ifndef DEBUG
+			#define DEBUG 0
+			#if DEBUG
+				void DEBUGGERMESSAGE(char *string);
+			#else
+				#define DEBUGGERMESSAGE(a)
+			#endif
+		#endif
+	#endif
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/ginclude.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/ginclude.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8111093
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/ginclude.h
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#ifndef __gInclude__
+#define __gInclude__
+
+#if SGI 
+	#undef BEOS 
+	#undef MAC 
+	#undef WINDOWS
+	//
+	#define ASIO_BIG_ENDIAN 1
+	#define ASIO_CPU_MIPS 1
+#elif defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN64)
+	#undef BEOS 
+	#undef MAC
+	#undef _MAC
+	#undef SGI
+	#define WINDOWS 1
+	#define ASIO_LITTLE_ENDIAN 1
+	#define ASIO_CPU_X86 1
+#elif BEOS
+	#undef MAC 
+	#undef SGI
+	#undef WINDOWS
+	#define ASIO_LITTLE_ENDIAN 1
+	#define ASIO_CPU_X86 1
+	//
+#else
+	#define MAC 1
+	#undef BEOS 
+	#undef WINDOWS
+	#undef SGI
+	#define ASIO_BIG_ENDIAN 1
+	#define ASIO_CPU_PPC 1
+#endif
+
+// always
+#define NATIVE_INT64 0
+#define IEEE754_64FLOAT 1
+
+#endif	// __gInclude__
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/iasiodrv.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/iasiodrv.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bcbeb31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/iasiodrv.h
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <combaseapi.h>
+#include "asiosys.h"
+#include "asio.h"
+
+/* Forward Declarations */ 
+
+#ifndef __ASIODRIVER_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __ASIODRIVER_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IASIO IASIO;
+#endif 	/* __ASIODRIVER_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+interface IASIO : public IUnknown
+{
+
+	virtual ASIOBool init(void *sysHandle) = 0;
+	virtual void getDriverName(char *name) = 0;	
+	virtual long getDriverVersion() = 0;
+	virtual void getErrorMessage(char *string) = 0;	
+	virtual ASIOError start() = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError stop() = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getChannels(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getLatencies(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getBufferSize(long *minSize, long *maxSize,
+		long *preferredSize, long *granularity) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError canSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate *sampleRate) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError setSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getClockSources(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError setClockSource(long reference) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getSamplePosition(ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError getChannelInfo(ASIOChannelInfo *info) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError createBuffers(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos, long numChannels,
+		long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError disposeBuffers() = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError controlPanel() = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError future(long selector,void *opt) = 0;
+	virtual ASIOError outputReady() = 0;
+};
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/iasiothiscallresolver.cpp b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/iasiothiscallresolver.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3799825
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/iasiothiscallresolver.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,572 @@
+/*
+	IASIOThiscallResolver.cpp see the comments in iasiothiscallresolver.h for
+    the top level description - this comment describes the technical details of
+    the implementation.
+
+    The latest version of this file is available from:
+    http://www.audiomulch.com/~rossb/code/calliasio
+
+    please email comments to Ross Bencina <rossb@audiomulch.com>
+
+    BACKGROUND
+
+    The IASIO interface declared in the Steinberg ASIO 2 SDK declares
+    functions with no explicit calling convention. This causes MSVC++ to default
+    to using the thiscall convention, which is a proprietary convention not
+    implemented by some non-microsoft compilers - notably borland BCC,
+    C++Builder, and gcc. MSVC++ is the defacto standard compiler used by
+    Steinberg. As a result of this situation, the ASIO sdk will compile with
+    any compiler, however attempting to execute the compiled code will cause a
+    crash due to different default calling conventions on non-Microsoft
+    compilers.
+
+    IASIOThiscallResolver solves the problem by providing an adapter class that
+    delegates to the IASIO interface using the correct calling convention
+    (thiscall). Due to the lack of support for thiscall in the Borland and GCC
+    compilers, the calls have been implemented in assembly language.
+
+    A number of macros are defined for thiscall function calls with different
+    numbers of parameters, with and without return values - it may be possible
+    to modify the format of these macros to make them work with other inline
+    assemblers.
+
+
+    THISCALL DEFINITION
+
+    A number of definitions of the thiscall calling convention are floating
+    around the internet. The following definition has been validated against
+    output from the MSVC++ compiler:
+
+    For non-vararg functions, thiscall works as follows: the object (this)
+    pointer is passed in ECX. All arguments are passed on the stack in
+    right to left order. The return value is placed in EAX. The callee
+    clears the passed arguments from the stack.
+
+
+    FINDING FUNCTION POINTERS FROM AN IASIO POINTER
+
+    The first field of a COM object is a pointer to its vtble. Thus a pointer
+    to an object implementing the IASIO interface also points to a pointer to
+    that object's vtbl. The vtble is a table of function pointers for all of
+    the virtual functions exposed by the implemented interfaces.
+
+    If we consider a variable declared as a pointer to IASO:
+
+    IASIO *theAsioDriver
+
+    theAsioDriver points to:
+
+    object implementing IASIO
+    {
+        IASIOvtbl *vtbl
+        other data
+    }
+
+    in other words, theAsioDriver points to a pointer to an IASIOvtbl
+
+    vtbl points to a table of function pointers:
+
+    IASIOvtbl ( interface IASIO : public IUnknown )
+    {
+    (IUnknown functions)
+    0   virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE (*QueryInterface)(REFIID riid, void **ppv) = 0;
+    4   virtual ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE (*AddRef)() = 0;
+    8   virtual ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE (*Release)() = 0;      
+
+    (IASIO functions)
+    12	virtual ASIOBool (*init)(void *sysHandle) = 0;
+    16	virtual void (*getDriverName)(char *name) = 0;
+    20	virtual long (*getDriverVersion)() = 0;
+    24	virtual void (*getErrorMessage)(char *string) = 0;
+    28	virtual ASIOError (*start)() = 0;
+    32	virtual ASIOError (*stop)() = 0;
+    36	virtual ASIOError (*getChannels)(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels) = 0;
+    40	virtual ASIOError (*getLatencies)(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency) = 0;
+    44	virtual ASIOError (*getBufferSize)(long *minSize, long *maxSize,
+            long *preferredSize, long *granularity) = 0;
+    48	virtual ASIOError (*canSampleRate)(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate) = 0;
+    52	virtual ASIOError (*getSampleRate)(ASIOSampleRate *sampleRate) = 0;
+    56	virtual ASIOError (*setSampleRate)(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate) = 0;
+    60	virtual ASIOError (*getClockSources)(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources) = 0;
+    64	virtual ASIOError (*setClockSource)(long reference) = 0;
+    68	virtual ASIOError (*getSamplePosition)(ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp) = 0;
+    72	virtual ASIOError (*getChannelInfo)(ASIOChannelInfo *info) = 0;
+    76	virtual ASIOError (*createBuffers)(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos, long numChannels,
+            long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks) = 0;
+    80	virtual ASIOError (*disposeBuffers)() = 0;
+    84	virtual ASIOError (*controlPanel)() = 0;
+    88	virtual ASIOError (*future)(long selector,void *opt) = 0;
+    92	virtual ASIOError (*outputReady)() = 0;
+    };
+
+    The numbers in the left column show the byte offset of each function ptr
+    from the beginning of the vtbl. These numbers are used in the code below
+    to select different functions.
+
+    In order to find the address of a particular function, theAsioDriver
+    must first be dereferenced to find the value of the vtbl pointer:
+
+    mov     eax, theAsioDriver
+    mov     edx, [theAsioDriver]  // edx now points to vtbl[0]
+
+    Then an offset must be added to the vtbl pointer to select a
+    particular function, for example vtbl+44 points to the slot containing
+    a pointer to the getBufferSize function.
+
+    Finally vtbl+x must be dereferenced to obtain the value of the function
+    pointer stored in that address:
+
+    call    [edx+44]    // call the function pointed to by
+                        // the value in the getBufferSize field of the vtbl
+
+
+    SEE ALSO
+
+    Martin Fay's OpenASIO DLL at http://www.martinfay.com solves the same
+    problem by providing a new COM interface which wraps IASIO with an
+    interface that uses portable calling conventions. OpenASIO must be compiled
+    with MSVC, and requires that you ship the OpenASIO DLL with your
+    application.
+
+    
+    ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
+
+    Ross Bencina: worked out the thiscall details above, wrote the original
+    Borland asm macros, and a patch for asio.cpp (which is no longer needed).
+    Thanks to Martin Fay for introducing me to the issues discussed here,
+    and to Rene G. Ceballos for assisting with asm dumps from MSVC++.
+
+    Antti Silvast: converted the original calliasio to work with gcc and NASM
+    by implementing the asm code in a separate file.
+
+	Fraser Adams: modified the original calliasio containing the Borland inline
+    asm to add inline asm for gcc i.e. Intel syntax for Borland and AT&T syntax
+    for gcc. This seems a neater approach for gcc than to have a separate .asm
+    file and it means that we only need one version of the thiscall patch.
+
+    Fraser Adams: rewrote the original calliasio patch in the form of the
+    IASIOThiscallResolver class in order to avoid modifications to files from
+    the Steinberg SDK, which may have had potential licence issues.
+
+    Andrew Baldwin: contributed fixes for compatibility problems with more
+    recent versions of the gcc assembler.
+*/
+// We have a mechanism in iasiothiscallresolver.h to ensure that asio.h is
+// #include'd before it in client code, we do NOT want to do this test here.
+#define iasiothiscallresolver_sourcefile 1
+#include "iasiothiscallresolver.h"
+#undef iasiothiscallresolver_sourcefile
+
+// We only need IASIOThiscallResolver at all if we are on Win32. For other
+// platforms we simply bypass the IASIOThiscallResolver definition to allow us
+// to be safely #include'd whatever the platform to keep client code portable
+#if (defined(WIN32) || defined(_WIN32) || defined(__WIN32__)) && !defined(_WIN64)
+
+
+// If microsoft compiler we can call IASIO directly so IASIOThiscallResolver
+// is not used.
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
+
+
+#include <new>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+
+
+// iasiothiscallresolver.h redefines ASIOInit for clients, but we don't want
+// this macro defined in this translation unit.
+#undef ASIOInit
+
+
+// theAsioDriver is a global pointer to the current IASIO instance which the
+// ASIO SDK uses to perform all actions on the IASIO interface. We substitute
+// our own forwarding interface into this pointer.
+extern IASIO* theAsioDriver;
+
+
+// The following macros define the inline assembler for BORLAND first then gcc
+
+#if defined(__BCPLUSPLUS__) || defined(__BORLANDC__)          
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_0( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset )\
+    void *this_ = (thisPtr);                                                \
+    __asm {                                                                 \
+        mov     ecx, this_            ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, [ecx]            ;                                     \
+        call    [eax+funcOffset]      ;                                     \
+        mov     resultName, eax       ;                                     \
+    }
+
+
+#define CALL_VOID_THISCALL_1( thisPtr, funcOffset, param1 )\
+    void *this_ = (thisPtr);                                                \
+    __asm {                                                                 \
+        mov     eax, param1           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     ecx, this_            ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, [ecx]            ;                                     \
+        call    [eax+funcOffset]      ;                                     \
+    }
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_1( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1 )\
+    void *this_ = (thisPtr);                                                \
+    __asm {                                                                 \
+        mov     eax, param1           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     ecx, this_            ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, [ecx]            ;                                     \
+        call    [eax+funcOffset]      ;                                     \
+        mov     resultName, eax       ;                                     \
+    }
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_1_DOUBLE( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1 )\
+    void *this_ = (thisPtr);                                                \
+    void *doubleParamPtr_ (&param1);                                        \
+    __asm {                                                                 \
+        mov     eax, doubleParamPtr_  ;                                     \
+        push    [eax+4]               ;                                     \
+        push    [eax]                 ;                                     \
+        mov     ecx, this_            ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, [ecx]            ;                                     \
+        call    [eax+funcOffset]      ;                                     \
+        mov     resultName, eax       ;                                     \
+    }
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_2( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1, param2 )\
+    void *this_ = (thisPtr);                                                \
+    __asm {                                                                 \
+        mov     eax, param2           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, param1           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     ecx, this_            ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, [ecx]            ;                                     \
+        call    [eax+funcOffset]      ;                                     \
+        mov     resultName, eax       ;                                     \
+    }
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_4( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1, param2, param3, param4 )\
+    void *this_ = (thisPtr);                                                \
+    __asm {                                                                 \
+        mov     eax, param4           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, param3           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, param2           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, param1           ;                                     \
+        push    eax                   ;                                     \
+        mov     ecx, this_            ;                                     \
+        mov     eax, [ecx]            ;                                     \
+        call    [eax+funcOffset]      ;                                     \
+        mov     resultName, eax       ;                                     \
+    }
+
+
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_0( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset )                  \
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("movl (%1), %%edx\n\t"                            \
+                          "call *"#funcOffset"(%%edx)\n\t"                  \
+                          :"=a"(resultName) /* Output Operands */           \
+                          :"c"(thisPtr)     /* Input Operands */            \
+                          : "%edx" /* Clobbered Registers */                \
+                         );                                                 \
+
+
+#define CALL_VOID_THISCALL_1( thisPtr, funcOffset, param1 )                 \
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("pushl %0\n\t"                                    \
+                          "movl (%1), %%edx\n\t"                            \
+                          "call *"#funcOffset"(%%edx)\n\t"                  \
+                          :                 /* Output Operands */           \
+                          :"r"(param1),     /* Input Operands */            \
+                           "c"(thisPtr)                                     \
+                          : "%edx" /* Clobbered Registers */                \
+                         );                                                 \
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_1( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1 )          \
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("pushl %1\n\t"                                    \
+                          "movl (%2), %%edx\n\t"                            \
+                          "call *"#funcOffset"(%%edx)\n\t"                  \
+                          :"=a"(resultName) /* Output Operands */           \
+                          :"r"(param1),     /* Input Operands */            \
+                           "c"(thisPtr)                                     \
+                          : "%edx" /* Clobbered Registers */                \
+                          );                                                \
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_1_DOUBLE( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1 )   \
+    do {                                                                    \
+    double param1f64 = param1; /* Cast explicitly to double */              \
+    double *param1f64Ptr = &param1f64; /* Make pointer to address */        \
+     __asm__ __volatile__ ("pushl 4(%1)\n\t"                                \
+                           "pushl (%1)\n\t"                                 \
+                           "movl (%2), %%edx\n\t"                           \
+                           "call *"#funcOffset"(%%edx);\n\t"                \
+                           : "=a"(resultName) /* Output Operands */         \
+                           : "r"(param1f64Ptr),  /* Input Operands */       \
+                           "c"(thisPtr),                                    \
+                           "m"(*param1f64Ptr) /* Using address */           \
+                           : "%edx" /* Clobbered Registers */               \
+                           );                                               \
+    } while (0);                                                            \
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_2( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1, param2 )  \
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("pushl %1\n\t"                                    \
+                          "pushl %2\n\t"                                    \
+                          "movl (%3), %%edx\n\t"                            \
+                          "call *"#funcOffset"(%%edx)\n\t"                  \
+                          :"=a"(resultName) /* Output Operands */           \
+                          :"r"(param2),     /* Input Operands */            \
+                           "r"(param1),                                     \
+                           "c"(thisPtr)                                     \
+                          : "%edx" /* Clobbered Registers */                \
+                          );                                                \
+
+
+#define CALL_THISCALL_4( resultName, thisPtr, funcOffset, param1, param2, param3, param4 )\
+    __asm__ __volatile__ ("pushl %1\n\t"                                    \
+                          "pushl %2\n\t"                                    \
+                          "pushl %3\n\t"                                    \
+                          "pushl %4\n\t"                                    \
+                          "movl (%5), %%edx\n\t"                            \
+                          "call *"#funcOffset"(%%edx)\n\t"                  \
+                          :"=a"(resultName) /* Output Operands */           \
+                          :"r"(param4),     /* Input Operands  */           \
+                           "r"(param3),                                     \
+                           "r"(param2),                                     \
+                           "r"(param1),                                     \
+                           "c"(thisPtr)                                     \
+                          : "%edx" /* Clobbered Registers */                \
+                          );                                                \
+
+#endif
+
+
+
+// Our static singleton instance.
+IASIOThiscallResolver IASIOThiscallResolver::instance;
+
+// Constructor called to initialize static Singleton instance above. Note that
+// it is important not to clear that_ incase it has already been set by the call
+// to placement new in ASIOInit().
+IASIOThiscallResolver::IASIOThiscallResolver()
+{
+}
+
+// Constructor called from ASIOInit() below
+IASIOThiscallResolver::IASIOThiscallResolver(IASIO* that)
+: that_( that )
+{
+}
+
+// Implement IUnknown methods as assert(false). IASIOThiscallResolver is not
+// really a COM object, just a wrapper which will work with the ASIO SDK.
+// If you wanted to use ASIO without the SDK you might want to implement COM
+// aggregation in these methods.
+HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE IASIOThiscallResolver::QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void **ppv)
+{
+    (void)riid;     // suppress unused variable warning
+
+    assert( false ); // this function should never be called by the ASIO SDK.
+
+    *ppv = NULL;
+    return E_NOINTERFACE;
+}
+
+ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE IASIOThiscallResolver::AddRef()
+{
+    assert( false ); // this function should never be called by the ASIO SDK.
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE IASIOThiscallResolver::Release()
+{
+    assert( false ); // this function should never be called by the ASIO SDK.
+    
+    return 1;
+}
+
+
+// Implement the IASIO interface methods by performing the vptr manipulation
+// described above then delegating to the real implementation.
+ASIOBool IASIOThiscallResolver::init(void *sysHandle)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_1( result, that_, 12, sysHandle );
+    return result;
+}
+
+void IASIOThiscallResolver::getDriverName(char *name)
+{
+    CALL_VOID_THISCALL_1( that_, 16, name );
+}
+
+long IASIOThiscallResolver::getDriverVersion()
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_0( result, that_, 20 );
+    return result;
+}
+
+void IASIOThiscallResolver::getErrorMessage(char *string)
+{
+     CALL_VOID_THISCALL_1( that_, 24, string );
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::start()
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_0( result, that_, 28 );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::stop()
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_0( result, that_, 32 );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getChannels(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_2( result, that_, 36, numInputChannels, numOutputChannels );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getLatencies(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_2( result, that_, 40, inputLatency, outputLatency );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getBufferSize(long *minSize, long *maxSize,
+        long *preferredSize, long *granularity)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_4( result, that_, 44, minSize, maxSize, preferredSize, granularity );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::canSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_1_DOUBLE( result, that_, 48, sampleRate );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate *sampleRate)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_1( result, that_, 52, sampleRate );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::setSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate)
+{    
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_1_DOUBLE( result, that_, 56, sampleRate );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getClockSources(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_2( result, that_, 60, clocks, numSources );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::setClockSource(long reference)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_1( result, that_, 64, reference );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getSamplePosition(ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_2( result, that_, 68, sPos, tStamp );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::getChannelInfo(ASIOChannelInfo *info)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_1( result, that_, 72, info );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::createBuffers(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos,
+        long numChannels, long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_4( result, that_, 76, bufferInfos, numChannels, bufferSize, callbacks );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::disposeBuffers()
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_0( result, that_, 80 );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::controlPanel()
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_0( result, that_, 84 );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::future(long selector,void *opt)
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_2( result, that_, 88, selector, opt );
+    return result;
+}
+
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::outputReady()
+{
+    ASIOBool result;
+    CALL_THISCALL_0( result, that_, 92 );
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+// Implement our substitute ASIOInit() method
+ASIOError IASIOThiscallResolver::ASIOInit(ASIODriverInfo *info)
+{
+    // To ensure that our instance's vptr is correctly constructed, even if
+    // ASIOInit is called prior to main(), we explicitly call its constructor
+    // (potentially over the top of an existing instance). Note that this is
+    // pretty ugly, and is only safe because IASIOThiscallResolver has no
+    // destructor and contains no objects with destructors.
+    new((void*)&instance) IASIOThiscallResolver( theAsioDriver );
+
+    // Interpose between ASIO client code and the real driver.
+    theAsioDriver = &instance;
+
+    // Note that we never need to switch theAsioDriver back to point to the
+    // real driver because theAsioDriver is reset to zero in ASIOExit().
+
+    // Delegate to the real ASIOInit
+	return ::ASIOInit(info);
+}
+
+
+#endif /* !defined(_MSC_VER) */
+
+#endif /* Win32 */
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/iasiothiscallresolver.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/iasiothiscallresolver.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef6d665
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/host/iasiothiscallresolver.h
@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+// ****************************************************************************
+// File:			IASIOThiscallResolver.h
+// Description:     The IASIOThiscallResolver class implements the IASIO
+//					interface and acts as a proxy to the real IASIO interface by
+//                  calling through its vptr table using the thiscall calling
+//                  convention. To put it another way, we interpose
+//                  IASIOThiscallResolver between ASIO SDK code and the driver.
+//                  This is necessary because most non-Microsoft compilers don't
+//                  implement the thiscall calling convention used by IASIO.
+//
+//					iasiothiscallresolver.cpp contains the background of this
+//					problem plus a technical description of the vptr
+//                  manipulations.
+//
+//					In order to use this mechanism one simply has to add
+//					iasiothiscallresolver.cpp to the list of files to compile
+//                  and #include <iasiothiscallresolver.h>
+//
+//					Note that this #include must come after the other ASIO SDK
+//                  #includes, for example:
+//
+//					#include <windows.h>
+//					#include <asiosys.h>
+//					#include <asio.h>
+//					#include <asiodrivers.h>
+//					#include <iasiothiscallresolver.h>
+//
+//					Actually the important thing is to #include
+//                  <iasiothiscallresolver.h> after <asio.h>. We have
+//                  incorporated a test to enforce this ordering.
+//
+//					The code transparently takes care of the interposition by
+//                  using macro substitution to intercept calls to ASIOInit()
+//                  and ASIOExit(). We save the original ASIO global
+//                  "theAsioDriver" in our "that" variable, and then set
+//                  "theAsioDriver" to equal our IASIOThiscallResolver instance.
+//
+// 					Whilst this method of resolving the thiscall problem requires
+//					the addition of #include <iasiothiscallresolver.h> to client
+//                  code it has the advantage that it does not break the terms
+//                  of the ASIO licence by publishing it. We are NOT modifying
+//                  any Steinberg code here, we are merely implementing the IASIO
+//					interface in the same way that we would need to do if we
+//					wished to provide an open source ASIO driver.
+//
+//					For compilation with MinGW -lole32 needs to be added to the
+//                  linker options. For BORLAND, linking with Import32.lib is
+//                  sufficient.
+//
+//					The dependencies are with: CoInitialize, CoUninitialize,
+//					CoCreateInstance, CLSIDFromString - used by asiolist.cpp
+//					and are required on Windows whether ThiscallResolver is used
+//					or not.
+//
+//					Searching for the above strings in the root library path
+//					of your compiler should enable the correct libraries to be
+//					identified if they aren't immediately obvious.
+//
+//                  Note that the current implementation of IASIOThiscallResolver
+//                  is not COM compliant - it does not correctly implement the
+//                  IUnknown interface. Implementing it is not necessary because
+//                  it is not called by parts of the ASIO SDK which call through
+//                  theAsioDriver ptr. The IUnknown methods are implemented as
+//                  assert(false) to ensure that the code fails if they are
+//                  ever called.
+// Restrictions:	None. Public Domain & Open Source distribute freely
+//					You may use IASIOThiscallResolver commercially as well as
+//                  privately.
+//					You the user assume the responsibility for the use of the
+//					files, binary or text, and there is no guarantee or warranty,
+//					expressed or implied, including but not limited to the
+//					implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a
+//					particular purpose. You assume all responsibility and agree
+//					to hold no entity, copyright holder or distributors liable
+//					for any loss of data or inaccurate representations of data
+//					as a result of using IASIOThiscallResolver.
+// Version:         1.4 Added separate macro CALL_THISCALL_1_DOUBLE from
+//                  Andrew Baldwin, and volatile for whole gcc asm blocks,
+//                  both for compatibility with newer gcc versions. Cleaned up
+//                  Borland asm to use one less register.
+//                  1.3 Switched to including assert.h for better compatibility.
+//                  Wrapped entire .h and .cpp contents with a check for
+//                  _MSC_VER to provide better compatibility with MS compilers.
+//                  Changed Singleton implementation to use static instance
+//                  instead of freestore allocated instance. Removed ASIOExit
+//                  macro as it is no longer needed.
+//                  1.2 Removed semicolons from ASIOInit and ASIOExit macros to
+//                  allow them to be embedded in expressions (if statements).
+//                  Cleaned up some comments. Removed combase.c dependency (it
+//                  doesn't compile with BCB anyway) by stubbing IUnknown.
+//                  1.1 Incorporated comments from Ross Bencina including things
+//					such as changing name from ThiscallResolver to
+//					IASIOThiscallResolver, tidying up the constructor, fixing
+//					a bug in IASIOThiscallResolver::ASIOExit() and improving
+//					portability through the use of conditional compilation
+//					1.0 Initial working version.
+// Created:			6/09/2003
+// Authors:         Fraser Adams
+//                  Ross Bencina
+//                  Rene G. Ceballos
+//                  Martin Fay
+//                  Antti Silvast
+//                  Andrew Baldwin
+//
+// ****************************************************************************
+
+
+#ifndef included_iasiothiscallresolver_h
+#define included_iasiothiscallresolver_h
+
+// We only need IASIOThiscallResolver at all if we are on Win32. For other
+// platforms we simply bypass the IASIOThiscallResolver definition to allow us
+// to be safely #include'd whatever the platform to keep client code portable
+#if (defined(WIN32) || defined(_WIN32) || defined(__WIN32__)) && !defined(_WIN64)
+
+
+// If microsoft compiler we can call IASIO directly so IASIOThiscallResolver
+// is not used.
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
+
+
+// The following is in order to ensure that this header is only included after
+// the other ASIO headers (except for the case of iasiothiscallresolver.cpp).
+// We need to do this because IASIOThiscallResolver works by eclipsing the
+// original definition of ASIOInit() with a macro (see below).
+#if !defined(iasiothiscallresolver_sourcefile)
+	#if !defined(__ASIO_H)
+	#error iasiothiscallresolver.h must be included AFTER asio.h
+	#endif
+#endif
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <asiodrvr.h> /* From ASIO SDK */
+
+
+class IASIOThiscallResolver : public IASIO {
+private:
+	IASIO* that_; // Points to the real IASIO
+
+	static IASIOThiscallResolver instance; // Singleton instance
+
+	// Constructors - declared private so construction is limited to
+    // our Singleton instance
+    IASIOThiscallResolver();
+	IASIOThiscallResolver(IASIO* that);
+public:
+
+    // Methods from the IUnknown interface. We don't fully implement IUnknown
+    // because the ASIO SDK never calls these methods through theAsioDriver ptr.
+    // These methods are implemented as assert(false).
+    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void **ppv);
+    virtual ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE AddRef();
+    virtual ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE Release();
+
+    // Methods from the IASIO interface, implemented as forwarning calls to that.
+	virtual ASIOBool init(void *sysHandle);
+	virtual void getDriverName(char *name);
+	virtual long getDriverVersion();
+	virtual void getErrorMessage(char *string);
+	virtual ASIOError start();
+	virtual ASIOError stop();
+	virtual ASIOError getChannels(long *numInputChannels, long *numOutputChannels);
+	virtual ASIOError getLatencies(long *inputLatency, long *outputLatency);
+	virtual ASIOError getBufferSize(long *minSize, long *maxSize, long *preferredSize, long *granularity);
+	virtual ASIOError canSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate);
+	virtual ASIOError getSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate *sampleRate);
+	virtual ASIOError setSampleRate(ASIOSampleRate sampleRate);
+	virtual ASIOError getClockSources(ASIOClockSource *clocks, long *numSources);
+	virtual ASIOError setClockSource(long reference);
+	virtual ASIOError getSamplePosition(ASIOSamples *sPos, ASIOTimeStamp *tStamp);
+	virtual ASIOError getChannelInfo(ASIOChannelInfo *info);
+	virtual ASIOError createBuffers(ASIOBufferInfo *bufferInfos, long numChannels, long bufferSize, ASIOCallbacks *callbacks);
+	virtual ASIOError disposeBuffers();
+	virtual ASIOError controlPanel();
+	virtual ASIOError future(long selector,void *opt);
+	virtual ASIOError outputReady();
+
+    // Class method, see ASIOInit() macro below.
+    static ASIOError ASIOInit(ASIODriverInfo *info); // Delegates to ::ASIOInit
+};
+
+
+// Replace calls to ASIOInit with our interposing version.
+// This macro enables us to perform thiscall resolution simply by #including
+// <iasiothiscallresolver.h> after the asio #includes (this file _must_ be
+// included _after_ the asio #includes)
+
+#define ASIOInit(name) IASIOThiscallResolver::ASIOInit((name))
+
+
+#endif /* !defined(_MSC_VER) */
+
+#endif /* Win32 */
+
+#endif /* included_iasiothiscallresolver_h */
+
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/asio/pa_asio.cpp b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/asio/pa_asio.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7eba21b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/asio/pa_asio.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,4245 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library for ASIO Drivers
+ *
+ * Author: Stephane Letz
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 2000-2002 Stephane Letz, Phil Burk, Ross Bencina
+ * Blocking i/o implementation by Sven Fischer, Institute of Hearing
+ * Technology and Audiology (www.hoertechnik-audiologie.de)
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/* Modification History
+
+        08-03-01 First version : Stephane Letz
+        08-06-01 Tweaks for PC, use C++, buffer allocation, Float32 to Int32 conversion : Phil Burk
+        08-20-01 More conversion, PA_StreamTime, Pa_GetHostError : Stephane Letz
+        08-21-01 PaUInt8 bug correction, implementation of ASIOSTFloat32LSB and ASIOSTFloat32MSB native formats : Stephane Letz
+        08-24-01 MAX_INT32_FP hack, another Uint8 fix : Stephane and Phil
+        08-27-01 Implementation of hostBufferSize < userBufferSize case, better management of the output buffer when
+                 the stream is stopped : Stephane Letz
+        08-28-01 Check the stream pointer for null in bufferSwitchTimeInfo, correct bug in bufferSwitchTimeInfo when
+                 the stream is stopped : Stephane Letz
+        10-12-01 Correct the PaHost_CalcNumHostBuffers function: computes FramesPerHostBuffer to be the lowest that
+                 respect requested FramesPerUserBuffer and userBuffersPerHostBuffer : Stephane Letz
+        10-26-01 Management of hostBufferSize and userBufferSize of any size : Stephane Letz
+        10-27-01 Improve calculus of hostBufferSize to be multiple or divisor of userBufferSize if possible : Stephane and Phil
+        10-29-01 Change MAX_INT32_FP to (2147483520.0f) to prevent roundup to 0x80000000 : Phil Burk
+        10-31-01 Clear the output buffer and user buffers in PaHost_StartOutput, correct bug in GetFirstMultiple : Stephane Letz
+        11-06-01 Rename functions : Stephane Letz
+        11-08-01 New Pa_ASIO_Adaptor_Init function to init Callback adpatation variables, cleanup of Pa_ASIO_Callback_Input: Stephane Letz
+        11-29-01 Break apart device loading to debug random failure in Pa_ASIO_QueryDeviceInfo ; Phil Burk
+        01-03-02 Deallocate all resources in PaHost_Term for cases where Pa_CloseStream is not called properly :  Stephane Letz
+        02-01-02 Cleanup, test of multiple-stream opening : Stephane Letz
+        19-02-02 New Pa_ASIO_loadDriver that calls CoInitialize on each thread on Windows : Stephane Letz
+        09-04-02 Correct error code management in PaHost_Term, removes various compiler warning : Stephane Letz
+        12-04-02 Add Mac includes for <Devices.h> and <Timer.h> : Phil Burk
+        13-04-02 Removes another compiler warning : Stephane Letz
+        30-04-02 Pa_ASIO_QueryDeviceInfo bug correction, memory allocation checking, better error handling : D Viens, P Burk, S Letz
+        12-06-02 Rehashed into new multi-api infrastructure, added support for all ASIO sample formats : Ross Bencina
+        18-06-02 Added pa_asio.h, PaAsio_GetAvailableLatencyValues() : Ross B.
+        21-06-02 Added SelectHostBufferSize() which selects host buffer size based on user latency parameters : Ross Bencina
+        ** NOTE  maintenance history is now stored in CVS **
+*/
+
+/** @file
+    @ingroup hostapi_src
+
+    Note that specific support for paInputUnderflow, paOutputOverflow and
+    paNeverDropInput is not necessary or possible with this driver due to the
+    synchronous full duplex double-buffered architecture of ASIO.
+*/
+
+#include "pa_asio.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+//#include <values.h>
+#include <new>
+
+#include "Windows/WindowsHWrapper.h"
+#include "Windows/AllowWindowsPlatformTypes.h"
+#include "Windows/AllowWindowsPlatformAtomics.h"
+#include <mmsystem.h>
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_util.h"
+#include "pa_allocation.h"
+#include "pa_hostapi.h"
+#include "pa_stream.h"
+#include "pa_cpuload.h"
+#include "pa_process.h"
+#include "pa_debugprint.h"
+#include "pa_ringbuffer.h"
+
+#include "pa_win_coinitialize.h"
+#include "pa_win_util.h"
+
+/* This version of pa_asio.cpp is currently only targeted at Win32,
+   It would require a few tweaks to work with pre-OS X Macintosh.
+   To make configuration easier, we define WIN32 here to make sure
+   that the ASIO SDK knows this is Win32.
+*/
+#ifndef WIN32
+#define WIN32
+#endif
+
+#include "asiosys.h"
+#include "asio.h"
+#include "asiodrivers.h"
+#include "iasiothiscallresolver.h"
+
+/*
+#if MAC
+#include <Devices.h>
+#include <Timer.h>
+#include <Math64.h>
+#else
+*/
+/*
+#include <math.h>
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <mmsystem.h>
+*/
+/*
+#endif
+*/
+
+
+/* winmm.lib is needed for timeGetTime() (this is in winmm.a if you're using gcc) */
+#if (defined(WIN32) && (defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1200))) /* MSC version 6 and above */
+#pragma comment(lib, "winmm.lib")
+#endif
+
+
+/* external reference to ASIO SDK's asioDrivers.
+
+ This is a bit messy because we want to explicitly manage
+ allocation/deallocation of this structure, but some layers of the SDK
+ which we currently use (eg the implementation in asio.cpp) still
+ use this global version.
+
+ For now we keep it in sync with our local instance in the host
+ API representation structure, but later we should be able to remove
+ all dependence on it.
+*/
+extern AsioDrivers* asioDrivers;
+
+
+/* We are trying to be compatible with CARBON but this has not been thoroughly tested. */
+/* not tested at all since new V19 code was introduced. */
+#define CARBON_COMPATIBLE  (0)
+
+
+/* prototypes for functions declared in this file */
+
+extern "C" PaError PaAsio_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex hostApiIndex );
+static void Terminate( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi );
+static PaError OpenStream( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                           PaStream** s,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                           double sampleRate,
+                           unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                           PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                           PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                           void *userData );
+static PaError IsFormatSupported( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                  double sampleRate );
+static PaError CloseStream( PaStream* stream );
+static PaError StartStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError StopStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError AbortStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError IsStreamStopped( PaStream *s );
+static PaError IsStreamActive( PaStream *stream );
+static PaTime GetStreamTime( PaStream *stream );
+static double GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream* stream );
+static PaError ReadStream( PaStream* stream, void *buffer, unsigned long frames );
+static PaError WriteStream( PaStream* stream, const void *buffer, unsigned long frames );
+static signed long GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream* stream );
+static signed long GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream* stream );
+
+/* Blocking i/o callback function. */
+static int BlockingIoPaCallback(const void                     *inputBuffer    ,
+                                      void                     *outputBuffer   ,
+                                      unsigned long             framesPerBuffer,
+                                const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo *timeInfo       ,
+                                      PaStreamCallbackFlags     statusFlags    ,
+                                      void                     *userData       );
+
+/* our ASIO callback functions */
+
+static void bufferSwitch(long index, ASIOBool processNow);
+static ASIOTime *bufferSwitchTimeInfo(ASIOTime *timeInfo, long index, ASIOBool processNow);
+static void sampleRateChanged(ASIOSampleRate sRate);
+static long asioMessages(long selector, long value, void* message, double* opt);
+
+static ASIOCallbacks asioCallbacks_ =
+    { bufferSwitch, sampleRateChanged, asioMessages, bufferSwitchTimeInfo };
+
+
+#define PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_HOST_ERROR( errorCode, errorText ) \
+    PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( paASIO, errorCode, errorText )
+
+
+static void PaAsio_SetLastSystemError( DWORD errorCode )
+{
+    PaWinUtil_SetLastSystemErrorInfo( paASIO, errorCode );
+}
+
+#define PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( errorCode ) \
+    PaAsio_SetLastSystemError( errorCode )
+
+
+static const char* PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText( ASIOError asioError )
+{
+    const char *result;
+
+    switch( asioError ){
+        case ASE_OK:
+        case ASE_SUCCESS:           result = "Success"; break;
+        case ASE_NotPresent:        result = "Hardware input or output is not present or available"; break;
+        case ASE_HWMalfunction:     result = "Hardware is malfunctioning"; break;
+        case ASE_InvalidParameter:  result = "Input parameter invalid"; break;
+        case ASE_InvalidMode:       result = "Hardware is in a bad mode or used in a bad mode"; break;
+        case ASE_SPNotAdvancing:    result = "Hardware is not running when sample position is inquired"; break;
+        case ASE_NoClock:           result = "Sample clock or rate cannot be determined or is not present"; break;
+        case ASE_NoMemory:          result = "Not enough memory for completing the request"; break;
+        default:                    result = "Unknown ASIO error"; break;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+#define PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError ) \
+    PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( paASIO, asioError, PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText( asioError ) )
+
+
+
+
+// Atomic increment and decrement operations
+#if MAC
+    /* need to be implemented on Mac */
+    inline long PaAsio_AtomicIncrement(volatile long* v) {return ++(*const_cast<long*>(v));}
+    inline long PaAsio_AtomicDecrement(volatile long* v) {return --(*const_cast<long*>(v));}
+#elif WINDOWS
+    inline long PaAsio_AtomicIncrement(volatile long* v) {return InterlockedIncrement(const_cast<long*>(v));}
+    inline long PaAsio_AtomicDecrement(volatile long* v) {return InterlockedDecrement(const_cast<long*>(v));}
+#endif
+
+
+
+typedef struct PaAsioDriverInfo
+{
+    ASIODriverInfo asioDriverInfo;
+    long inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount;
+    long bufferMinSize, bufferMaxSize, bufferPreferredSize, bufferGranularity;
+    bool postOutput;
+}
+PaAsioDriverInfo;
+
+
+/* PaAsioHostApiRepresentation - host api datastructure specific to this implementation */
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation inheritedHostApiRep;
+    PaUtilStreamInterface callbackStreamInterface;
+    PaUtilStreamInterface blockingStreamInterface;
+
+    PaUtilAllocationGroup *allocations;
+
+    PaWinUtilComInitializationResult comInitializationResult;
+
+    AsioDrivers *asioDrivers;
+    void *systemSpecific;
+
+    /* the ASIO C API only allows one ASIO driver to be open at a time,
+        so we keep track of whether we have the driver open here, and
+        use this information to return errors from OpenStream if the
+        driver is already open.
+
+        openAsioDeviceIndex will be PaNoDevice if there is no device open
+        and a valid pa_asio (not global) device index otherwise.
+
+        openAsioDriverInfo is populated with the driver info for the
+        currently open device (if any)
+    */
+    PaDeviceIndex openAsioDeviceIndex;
+    PaAsioDriverInfo openAsioDriverInfo;
+}
+PaAsioHostApiRepresentation;
+
+
+/*
+    Retrieve <driverCount> driver names from ASIO, returned in a char**
+    allocated in <group>.
+*/
+static char **GetAsioDriverNames( PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi, PaUtilAllocationGroup *group, long driverCount )
+{
+    char **result = 0;
+    int i;
+
+    result =(char**)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+            group, sizeof(char*) * driverCount );
+    if( !result )
+        goto error;
+
+    result[0] = (char*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+            group, 32 * driverCount );
+    if( !result[0] )
+        goto error;
+
+    for( i=0; i<driverCount; ++i )
+        result[i] = result[0] + (32 * i);
+
+    asioHostApi->asioDrivers->getDriverNames( result, driverCount );
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaSampleFormat AsioSampleTypeToPaNativeSampleFormat(ASIOSampleType type)
+{
+    switch (type) {
+        case ASIOSTInt16MSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt16LSB:
+                return paInt16;
+
+        case ASIOSTFloat32MSB:
+        case ASIOSTFloat32LSB:
+        case ASIOSTFloat64MSB:
+        case ASIOSTFloat64LSB:
+                return paFloat32;
+
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB16:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB16:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB18:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB20:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB24:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB18:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB20:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB24:
+                return paInt32;
+
+        case ASIOSTInt24MSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt24LSB:
+                return paInt24;
+
+        default:
+                return paCustomFormat;
+    }
+}
+
+void AsioSampleTypeLOG(ASIOSampleType type)
+{
+    switch (type) {
+        case ASIOSTInt16MSB:  PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt16MSB\n"));  break;
+        case ASIOSTInt16LSB:  PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt16LSB\n"));  break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat32MSB:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTFloat32MSB\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat32LSB:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTFloat32LSB\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat64MSB:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTFloat64MSB\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat64LSB:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTFloat64LSB\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB:  PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32MSB\n"));  break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB:  PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32LSB\n"));  break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB16:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32MSB16\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB16:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32LSB16\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB18:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32MSB18\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB20:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32MSB20\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB24:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32MSB24\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB18:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32LSB18\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB20:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32LSB20\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB24:PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt32LSB24\n"));break;
+        case ASIOSTInt24MSB:  PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt24MSB\n"));  break;
+        case ASIOSTInt24LSB:  PA_DEBUG(("ASIOSTInt24LSB\n"));  break;
+        default:              PA_DEBUG(("Custom Format%d\n",type));break;
+
+    }
+}
+
+static int BytesPerAsioSample( ASIOSampleType sampleType )
+{
+    switch (sampleType) {
+        case ASIOSTInt16MSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt16LSB:
+            return 2;
+
+        case ASIOSTFloat64MSB:
+        case ASIOSTFloat64LSB:
+            return 8;
+
+        case ASIOSTFloat32MSB:
+        case ASIOSTFloat32LSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB16:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB16:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB18:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB20:
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB24:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB18:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB20:
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB24:
+            return 4;
+
+        case ASIOSTInt24MSB:
+        case ASIOSTInt24LSB:
+            return 3;
+
+        default:
+            return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void Swap16( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned short *p = (unsigned short*)buffer;
+    unsigned short temp;
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p;
+        *p++ = (unsigned short)((temp<<8) | (temp>>8));
+    }
+}
+
+static void Swap24( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned char *p = (unsigned char*)buffer;
+    unsigned char temp;
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p;
+        *p = *(p+2);
+        *(p+2) = temp;
+        p += 3;
+    }
+}
+
+#define PA_SWAP32_( x ) ((x>>24) | ((x>>8)&0xFF00) | ((x<<8)&0xFF0000) | (x<<24));
+
+static void Swap32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned long *p = (unsigned long*)buffer;
+    unsigned long temp;
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p;
+        *p++ = PA_SWAP32_( temp);
+    }
+}
+
+static void SwapShiftLeft32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned long *p = (unsigned long*)buffer;
+    unsigned long temp;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p;
+        temp = PA_SWAP32_( temp);
+        *p++ = temp << shift;
+    }
+}
+
+static void ShiftRightSwap32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned long *p = (unsigned long*)buffer;
+    unsigned long temp;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p >> shift;
+        *p++ = PA_SWAP32_( temp);
+    }
+}
+
+static void ShiftLeft32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned long *p = (unsigned long*)buffer;
+    unsigned long temp;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p;
+        *p++ = temp << shift;
+    }
+}
+
+static void ShiftRight32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    unsigned long *p = (unsigned long*)buffer;
+    unsigned long temp;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *p;
+        *p++ = temp >> shift;
+    }
+}
+
+#define PA_SWAP_( x, y ) temp=x; x = y; y = temp;
+
+static void Swap64ConvertFloat64ToFloat32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    double *in = (double*)buffer;
+    float *out = (float*)buffer;
+    unsigned char *p;
+    unsigned char temp;
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        p = (unsigned char*)in;
+        PA_SWAP_( p[0], p[7] );
+        PA_SWAP_( p[1], p[6] );
+        PA_SWAP_( p[2], p[5] );
+        PA_SWAP_( p[3], p[4] );
+
+        *out++ = (float) (*in++);
+    }
+}
+
+static void ConvertFloat64ToFloat32( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    double *in = (double*)buffer;
+    float *out = (float*)buffer;
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+        *out++ = (float) (*in++);
+}
+
+static void ConvertFloat32ToFloat64Swap64( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    float *in = ((float*)buffer) + (count-1);
+    double *out = ((double*)buffer) + (count-1);
+    unsigned char *p;
+    unsigned char temp;
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        *out = *in--;
+
+        p = (unsigned char*)out;
+        PA_SWAP_( p[0], p[7] );
+        PA_SWAP_( p[1], p[6] );
+        PA_SWAP_( p[2], p[5] );
+        PA_SWAP_( p[3], p[4] );
+
+        out--;
+    }
+}
+
+static void ConvertFloat32ToFloat64( void *buffer, long shift, long count )
+{
+    float *in = ((float*)buffer) + (count-1);
+    double *out = ((double*)buffer) + (count-1);
+    (void) shift; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+        *out-- = *in--;
+}
+
+#ifdef MAC
+#define PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+#undef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+#endif
+
+#ifdef WINDOWS
+#undef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+#define PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+#endif
+
+typedef void PaAsioBufferConverter( void *, long, long );
+
+static void SelectAsioToPaConverter( ASIOSampleType type, PaAsioBufferConverter **converter, long *shift )
+{
+    *shift = 0;
+    *converter = 0;
+
+    switch (type) {
+        case ASIOSTInt16MSB:
+            /* dest: paInt16, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap16;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt16LSB:
+            /* dest: paInt16, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap16;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat32MSB:
+            /* dest: paFloat32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat32LSB:
+            /* dest: paFloat32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat64MSB:
+            /* dest: paFloat32, in-place conversion to/from float32, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap64ConvertFloat64ToFloat32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ConvertFloat64ToFloat32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat64LSB:
+            /* dest: paFloat32, in-place conversion to/from float32, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap64ConvertFloat64ToFloat32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ConvertFloat64ToFloat32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB:
+            /* dest: paInt32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB:
+            /* dest: paInt32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB16:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 16 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 16;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB18:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 14 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 14;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB20:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 12 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 12;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB24:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 8 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 8;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB16:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 16 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 16;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB18:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 14 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 14;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB20:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 12 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 12;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB24:
+            /* dest: paInt32, 8 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = SwapShiftLeft32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftLeft32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 8;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt24MSB:
+            /* dest: paInt24, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap24;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt24LSB:
+            /* dest: paInt24, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap24;
+            #endif
+            break;
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void SelectPaToAsioConverter( ASIOSampleType type, PaAsioBufferConverter **converter, long *shift )
+{
+    *shift = 0;
+    *converter = 0;
+
+    switch (type) {
+        case ASIOSTInt16MSB:
+            /* src: paInt16, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap16;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt16LSB:
+            /* src: paInt16, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap16;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat32MSB:
+            /* src: paFloat32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat32LSB:
+            /* src: paFloat32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat64MSB:
+            /* src: paFloat32, in-place conversion to/from float32, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ConvertFloat32ToFloat64Swap64;
+            #else
+                *converter = ConvertFloat32ToFloat64;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTFloat64LSB:
+            /* src: paFloat32, in-place conversion to/from float32, possible byte swap*/
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ConvertFloat32ToFloat64Swap64;
+            #else
+                *converter = ConvertFloat32ToFloat64;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB:
+            /* src: paInt32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB:
+            /* src: paInt32, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap32;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB16:
+            /* src: paInt32, 16 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 16;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB18:
+            /* src: paInt32, 14 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 14;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB20:
+            /* src: paInt32, 12 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 12;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32MSB24:
+            /* src: paInt32, 8 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 8;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB16:
+            /* src: paInt32, 16 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 16;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB18:
+            /* src: paInt32, 14 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 14;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB20:
+            /* src: paInt32, 12 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 12;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt32LSB24:
+            /* src: paInt32, 8 bit shift, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = ShiftRightSwap32;
+            #else
+                *converter = ShiftRight32;
+            #endif
+            *shift = 8;
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt24MSB:
+            /* src: paInt24, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_LSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap24;
+            #endif
+            break;
+        case ASIOSTInt24LSB:
+            /* src: paInt24, no conversion necessary, possible byte swap */
+            #ifdef PA_MSB_IS_NATIVE_
+                *converter = Swap24;
+            #endif
+            break;
+    }
+}
+
+
+typedef struct PaAsioDeviceInfo
+{
+    PaDeviceInfo commonDeviceInfo;
+    long minBufferSize;
+    long maxBufferSize;
+    long preferredBufferSize;
+    long bufferGranularity;
+
+    ASIOChannelInfo *asioChannelInfos;
+}
+PaAsioDeviceInfo;
+
+
+PaError PaAsio_GetAvailableBufferSizes( PaDeviceIndex device,
+        long *minBufferSizeFrames, long *maxBufferSizeFrames, long *preferredBufferSizeFrames, long *granularity )
+{
+    PaError result;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi;
+    PaDeviceIndex hostApiDevice;
+
+    result = PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( &hostApi, paASIO );
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+    {
+        result = PaUtil_DeviceIndexToHostApiDeviceIndex( &hostApiDevice, device, hostApi );
+
+        if( result == paNoError )
+        {
+            PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo =
+                    (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[hostApiDevice];
+
+            *minBufferSizeFrames = asioDeviceInfo->minBufferSize;
+            *maxBufferSizeFrames = asioDeviceInfo->maxBufferSize;
+            *preferredBufferSizeFrames = asioDeviceInfo->preferredBufferSize;
+            *granularity = asioDeviceInfo->bufferGranularity;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/* Unload whatever we loaded in LoadAsioDriver().
+*/
+static void UnloadAsioDriver( void )
+{
+    ASIOExit();
+}
+
+/*
+    load the asio driver named by <driverName> and return statistics about
+    the driver in info. If no error occurred, the driver will remain open
+    and must be closed by the called by calling UnloadAsioDriver() - if an error
+    is returned the driver will already be unloaded.
+*/
+static PaError LoadAsioDriver( PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi, const char *driverName,
+        PaAsioDriverInfo *driverInfo, void *systemSpecific )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+    int asioIsInitialized = 0;
+
+    if( !asioHostApi->asioDrivers->loadDriver( const_cast<char*>(driverName) ) )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_HOST_ERROR( 0, "Failed to load ASIO driver" );
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    memset( &driverInfo->asioDriverInfo, 0, sizeof(ASIODriverInfo) );
+    driverInfo->asioDriverInfo.asioVersion = 2;
+    driverInfo->asioDriverInfo.sysRef = systemSpecific;
+    // if( (asioError = ASIOInit( &driverInfo->asioDriverInfo )) != ASE_OK )
+    // {
+    //     result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    //     PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+    //     goto error;
+    // }
+    // else
+    // {
+        asioIsInitialized = 1;
+    // }
+
+    if( (asioError = ASIOGetChannels(&driverInfo->inputChannelCount,
+            &driverInfo->outputChannelCount)) != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    if( (asioError = ASIOGetBufferSize(&driverInfo->bufferMinSize,
+            &driverInfo->bufferMaxSize, &driverInfo->bufferPreferredSize,
+            &driverInfo->bufferGranularity)) != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    if( ASIOOutputReady() == ASE_OK )
+        driverInfo->postOutput = true;
+    else
+        driverInfo->postOutput = false;
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    if( asioIsInitialized )
+    {
+        ASIOExit();
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+#define PA_DEFAULTSAMPLERATESEARCHORDER_COUNT_     13   /* must be the same number of elements as in the array below */
+static ASIOSampleRate defaultSampleRateSearchOrder_[]
+     = {44100.0, 48000.0, 32000.0, 24000.0, 22050.0, 88200.0, 96000.0,
+        192000.0, 16000.0, 12000.0, 11025.0, 9600.0, 8000.0 };
+
+
+static PaError InitPaDeviceInfoFromAsioDriver( PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi,
+        const char *driverName, int driverIndex,
+        PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo, PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    /* Due to the headless design of the ASIO API, drivers are free to write over data given to them (like M-Audio
+       drivers f.i.). This is an attempt to overcome that. */
+    union _tag_local {
+        PaAsioDriverInfo info;
+        char _padding[4096];
+    } paAsioDriver;
+
+    asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos = 0; /* we check this below to handle error cleanup */
+
+    result = LoadAsioDriver( asioHostApi, driverName, &paAsioDriver.info, asioHostApi->systemSpecific );
+    if( result == paNoError )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d name = %s\n",  driverIndex,deviceInfo->name));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d inputChannels       = %d\n", driverIndex, paAsioDriver.info.inputChannelCount));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d outputChannels      = %d\n", driverIndex, paAsioDriver.info.outputChannelCount));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d bufferMinSize       = %d\n", driverIndex, paAsioDriver.info.bufferMinSize));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d bufferMaxSize       = %d\n", driverIndex, paAsioDriver.info.bufferMaxSize));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d bufferPreferredSize = %d\n", driverIndex, paAsioDriver.info.bufferPreferredSize));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d bufferGranularity   = %d\n", driverIndex, paAsioDriver.info.bufferGranularity));
+
+        deviceInfo->maxInputChannels  = paAsioDriver.info.inputChannelCount;
+        deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels = paAsioDriver.info.outputChannelCount;
+
+        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 0.;
+        bool foundDefaultSampleRate = false;
+        for( int j=0; j < PA_DEFAULTSAMPLERATESEARCHORDER_COUNT_; ++j )
+        {
+            ASIOError asioError = ASIOCanSampleRate( defaultSampleRateSearchOrder_[j] );
+            if( asioError != ASE_NoClock && asioError != ASE_NotPresent )
+            {
+                deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = defaultSampleRateSearchOrder_[j];
+                foundDefaultSampleRate = true;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d defaultSampleRate = %f\n", driverIndex, deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate));
+
+        if( foundDefaultSampleRate ){
+
+            /* calculate default latency values from bufferPreferredSize
+                for default low latency, and bufferMaxSize
+                for default high latency.
+                use the default sample rate to convert from samples to
+                seconds. Without knowing what sample rate the user will
+                use this is the best we can do.
+            */
+
+            double defaultLowLatency =
+                    paAsioDriver.info.bufferPreferredSize / deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate;
+
+            deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency = defaultLowLatency;
+            deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency = defaultLowLatency;
+
+            double defaultHighLatency =
+                    paAsioDriver.info.bufferMaxSize / deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate;
+
+            if( defaultHighLatency < defaultLowLatency )
+                defaultHighLatency = defaultLowLatency; /* just in case the driver returns something strange */
+
+            deviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency = defaultHighLatency;
+            deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency = defaultHighLatency;
+
+        }else{
+
+            deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency = 0.;
+            deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency = 0.;
+            deviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency = 0.;
+            deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency = 0.;
+        }
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d defaultLowInputLatency = %f\n", driverIndex, deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d defaultLowOutputLatency = %f\n", driverIndex, deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d defaultHighInputLatency = %f\n", driverIndex, deviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency));
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_Initialize: drv:%d defaultHighOutputLatency = %f\n", driverIndex, deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency));
+
+        asioDeviceInfo->minBufferSize = paAsioDriver.info.bufferMinSize;
+        asioDeviceInfo->maxBufferSize = paAsioDriver.info.bufferMaxSize;
+        asioDeviceInfo->preferredBufferSize = paAsioDriver.info.bufferPreferredSize;
+        asioDeviceInfo->bufferGranularity = paAsioDriver.info.bufferGranularity;
+
+
+        asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos = (ASIOChannelInfo*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                asioHostApi->allocations,
+                sizeof(ASIOChannelInfo) * (deviceInfo->maxInputChannels
+                        + deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels) );
+        if( !asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error_unload;
+        }
+
+        int a;
+
+        for( a=0; a < deviceInfo->maxInputChannels; ++a ){
+            asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[a].channel = a;
+            asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[a].isInput = ASIOTrue;
+            ASIOError asioError = ASIOGetChannelInfo( &asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[a] );
+            if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+                goto error_unload;
+            }
+        }
+
+        for( a=0; a < deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels; ++a ){
+            int b = deviceInfo->maxInputChannels + a;
+            asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[b].channel = a;
+            asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[b].isInput = ASIOFalse;
+            ASIOError asioError = ASIOGetChannelInfo( &asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[b] );
+            if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+                goto error_unload;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* unload the driver */
+        UnloadAsioDriver();
+    }
+
+    return result;
+
+error_unload:
+    UnloadAsioDriver();
+
+    if( asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos ){
+        PaUtil_GroupFreeMemory( asioHostApi->allocations, asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos );
+        asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos = 0;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/* we look up IsDebuggerPresent at runtime incase it isn't present (on Win95 for example) */
+typedef BOOL (WINAPI *IsDebuggerPresentPtr)(VOID);
+IsDebuggerPresentPtr IsDebuggerPresent_ = 0;
+//FARPROC IsDebuggerPresent_ = 0; // this is the current way to do it apparently according to davidv
+
+PaError PaAsio_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex hostApiIndex )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    int i, driverCount;
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi;
+    PaAsioDeviceInfo *deviceInfoArray;
+    char **names;
+    asioHostApi = (PaAsioHostApiRepresentation*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaAsioHostApiRepresentation) );
+    if( !asioHostApi )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    memset( asioHostApi, 0, sizeof(PaAsioHostApiRepresentation) ); /* ensure all fields are zeroed. especially asioHostApi->allocations */
+
+    /*
+        We initialize COM ourselves here and uninitialize it in Terminate().
+        This should be the only COM initialization needed in this module.
+
+        The ASIO SDK may also initialize COM but since we want to reduce dependency
+        on the ASIO SDK we manage COM initialization ourselves.
+
+        There used to be code that initialized COM in other situations
+        such as when creating a Stream. This made PA work when calling Pa_CreateStream
+        from a non-main thread. However we currently consider initialization
+        of COM in non-main threads to be the caller's responsibility.
+    */
+    result = PaWinUtil_CoInitialize( paASIO, &asioHostApi->comInitializationResult );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+    {
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    asioHostApi->asioDrivers = 0; /* avoid surprises in our error handler below */
+
+    asioHostApi->allocations = PaUtil_CreateAllocationGroup();
+    if( !asioHostApi->allocations )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* Allocate the AsioDrivers() driver list (class from ASIO SDK) */
+    try
+    {
+        asioHostApi->asioDrivers = new AsioDrivers(); /* invokes CoInitialize(0) in AsioDriverList::AsioDriverList */
+    }
+    catch (std::bad_alloc)
+    {
+        asioHostApi->asioDrivers = 0;
+    }
+    /* some implementations of new (ie MSVC, see http://support.microsoft.com/?kbid=167733)
+       don't throw std::bad_alloc, so we also explicitly test for a null return. */
+    if( asioHostApi->asioDrivers == 0 )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    asioDrivers = asioHostApi->asioDrivers; /* keep SDK global in sync until we stop depending on it */
+
+    asioHostApi->systemSpecific = 0;
+    asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex = paNoDevice;
+
+    *hostApi = &asioHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep;
+    (*hostApi)->info.structVersion = 1;
+
+    (*hostApi)->info.type = paASIO;
+    (*hostApi)->info.name = "ASIO";
+    (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount = 0;
+
+    #ifdef WINDOWS
+        /* use desktop window as system specific ptr */
+        asioHostApi->systemSpecific = GetDesktopWindow();
+    #endif
+
+    /* driverCount is the number of installed drivers - not necessarily
+        the number of installed physical devices. */
+    #if MAC
+        driverCount = asioHostApi->asioDrivers->getNumFragments();
+    #elif WINDOWS
+        driverCount = asioHostApi->asioDrivers->asioGetNumDev();
+    #endif
+
+    if( driverCount > 0 )
+    {
+        names = GetAsioDriverNames( asioHostApi, asioHostApi->allocations, driverCount );
+        if( !names )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+
+        /* allocate enough space for all drivers, even if some aren't installed */
+
+        (*hostApi)->deviceInfos = (PaDeviceInfo**)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                asioHostApi->allocations, sizeof(PaDeviceInfo*) * driverCount );
+        if( !(*hostApi)->deviceInfos )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* allocate all device info structs in a contiguous block */
+        deviceInfoArray = (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                asioHostApi->allocations, sizeof(PaAsioDeviceInfo) * driverCount );
+        if( !deviceInfoArray )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        IsDebuggerPresent_ = reinterpret_cast<IsDebuggerPresentPtr>(GetProcAddress(LoadLibraryA("Kernel32.dll"), "IsDebuggerPresent"));
+ 
+        for( i=0; i < driverCount; ++i )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("ASIO names[%d]:%s\n",i,names[i]));
+
+            // Since portaudio opens ALL ASIO drivers, and no one else does that,
+            // we face fact that some drivers were not meant for it, drivers which act
+            // like shells on top of REAL drivers, for instance.
+            // so we get duplicate handles, locks and other problems.
+            // so lets NOT try to load any such wrappers.
+            // The ones i [davidv] know of so far are:
+
+            if (   strcmp (names[i],"ASIO DirectX Full Duplex Driver") == 0
+                || strcmp (names[i],"ASIO Multimedia Driver")          == 0
+                || strncmp(names[i],"Premiere",8)                      == 0   //"Premiere Elements Windows Sound 1.0"
+                || strncmp(names[i],"Adobe",5)                         == 0   //"Adobe Default Windows Sound 1.5"
+               )
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("BLACKLISTED!!!\n"));
+                continue;
+            }
+
+
+            if( IsDebuggerPresent_ && IsDebuggerPresent_() )
+            {
+                /* ASIO Digidesign Driver uses PACE copy protection which quits out
+                   if a debugger is running. So we don't load it if a debugger is running. */
+                if( strcmp(names[i], "ASIO Digidesign Driver") == 0 )
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("BLACKLISTED!!! ASIO Digidesign Driver would quit the debugger\n"));
+                    continue;
+                }
+            }
+
+
+            /* Attempt to init device info from the asio driver... */
+            {
+                PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo = &deviceInfoArray[ (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount ];
+                PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo = &asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo;
+
+                deviceInfo->structVersion = 2;
+                deviceInfo->hostApi = hostApiIndex;
+
+                deviceInfo->name = names[i];
+
+                if( InitPaDeviceInfoFromAsioDriver( asioHostApi, names[i], i, deviceInfo, asioDeviceInfo ) == paNoError )
+                {
+                    (*hostApi)->deviceInfos[ (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount ] = deviceInfo;
+                    ++(*hostApi)->info.deviceCount;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("Skipping ASIO device:%s\n",names[i]));
+                    continue;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount > 0 )
+    {
+        (*hostApi)->info.defaultInputDevice = 0;
+        (*hostApi)->info.defaultOutputDevice = 0;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        (*hostApi)->info.defaultInputDevice = paNoDevice;
+        (*hostApi)->info.defaultOutputDevice = paNoDevice;
+    }
+
+
+    (*hostApi)->Terminate = Terminate;
+    (*hostApi)->OpenStream = OpenStream;
+    (*hostApi)->IsFormatSupported = IsFormatSupported;
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( &asioHostApi->callbackStreamInterface, CloseStream, StartStream,
+                                      StopStream, AbortStream, IsStreamStopped, IsStreamActive,
+                                      GetStreamTime, GetStreamCpuLoad,
+                                      PaUtil_DummyRead, PaUtil_DummyWrite,
+                                      PaUtil_DummyGetReadAvailable, PaUtil_DummyGetWriteAvailable );
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( &asioHostApi->blockingStreamInterface, CloseStream, StartStream,
+                                      StopStream, AbortStream, IsStreamStopped, IsStreamActive,
+                                      GetStreamTime, PaUtil_DummyGetCpuLoad,
+                                      ReadStream, WriteStream, GetStreamReadAvailable, GetStreamWriteAvailable );
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    if( asioHostApi )
+    {
+        if( asioHostApi->allocations )
+        {
+            PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations( asioHostApi->allocations );
+            PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup( asioHostApi->allocations );
+        }
+
+        delete asioHostApi->asioDrivers;
+        asioDrivers = 0; /* keep SDK global in sync until we stop depending on it */
+
+        PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize( paASIO, &asioHostApi->comInitializationResult );
+
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( asioHostApi );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static void Terminate( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi )
+{
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi = (PaAsioHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+
+    /*
+        IMPLEMENT ME:
+            - clean up any resources not handled by the allocation group (need to review if there are any)
+    */
+
+    if( asioHostApi->allocations )
+    {
+        PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations( asioHostApi->allocations );
+        PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup( asioHostApi->allocations );
+    }
+
+    delete asioHostApi->asioDrivers;
+    asioDrivers = 0; /* keep SDK global in sync until we stop depending on it */
+
+    PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize( paASIO, &asioHostApi->comInitializationResult );
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( asioHostApi );
+}
+
+
+static PaError IsFormatSupported( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                  double sampleRate )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi = (PaAsioHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    PaAsioDriverInfo *driverInfo = &asioHostApi->openAsioDriverInfo;
+    int inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount;
+    PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat, outputSampleFormat;
+    PaDeviceIndex asioDeviceIndex = -1;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+
+    if( inputParameters && outputParameters )
+    {
+        /* full duplex ASIO stream must use the same device for input and output */
+
+        if( inputParameters->device != outputParameters->device )
+            return paBadIODeviceCombination;
+    }
+
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = inputParameters->channelCount;
+        inputSampleFormat = inputParameters->sampleFormat;
+
+        /* all standard sample formats are supported by the buffer adapter,
+            this implementation doesn't support any custom sample formats */
+        if( inputSampleFormat & paCustomFormat )
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+
+        if( inputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        asioDeviceIndex = inputParameters->device;
+
+        /* validate inputStreamInfo */
+        /** @todo do more validation here */
+        // if( inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo )
+        //    return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo; /* this implementation doesn't use custom stream info */
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = outputParameters->channelCount;
+        outputSampleFormat = outputParameters->sampleFormat;
+
+        /* all standard sample formats are supported by the buffer adapter,
+            this implementation doesn't support any custom sample formats */
+        if( outputSampleFormat & paCustomFormat )
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+
+        if( outputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        asioDeviceIndex = outputParameters->device;
+
+        /* validate outputStreamInfo */
+        /** @todo do more validation here */
+        // if( outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo )
+        //    return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo; /* this implementation doesn't use custom stream info */
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = 0;
+    }
+
+
+
+    /* if an ASIO device is open we can only get format information for the currently open device */
+
+    if( asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex != paNoDevice
+            && asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex != asioDeviceIndex )
+    {
+        return paDeviceUnavailable;
+    }
+
+
+    /* NOTE: we load the driver and use its current settings
+        rather than the ones in our device info structure which may be stale */
+
+    /* open the device if it's not already open */
+    if( asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex == paNoDevice )
+    {
+        result = LoadAsioDriver( asioHostApi, asioHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep.deviceInfos[ asioDeviceIndex ]->name,
+                driverInfo, asioHostApi->systemSpecific );
+        if( result != paNoError )
+            return result;
+    }
+
+    /* check that input device can support inputChannelCount */
+    if( inputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        if( inputChannelCount > driverInfo->inputChannelCount )
+        {
+            result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+            goto done;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* check that output device can support outputChannelCount */
+    if( outputChannelCount )
+    {
+        if( outputChannelCount > driverInfo->outputChannelCount )
+        {
+            result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+            goto done;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* query for sample rate support */
+    asioError = ASIOCanSampleRate( sampleRate );
+    if( asioError == ASE_NoClock || asioError == ASE_NotPresent )
+    {
+        result = paInvalidSampleRate;
+        goto done;
+    }
+
+done:
+    /* close the device if it wasn't already open */
+    if( asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex == paNoDevice )
+    {
+        UnloadAsioDriver(); /* not sure if we should check for errors here */
+    }
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+        return paFormatIsSupported;
+    else
+        return result;
+}
+
+
+
+/** A data structure specifically for storing blocking i/o related data. */
+typedef struct PaAsioStreamBlockingState
+{
+    int stopFlag; /**< Flag indicating that block processing is to be stopped. */
+
+    unsigned long writeBuffersRequested; /**< The number of available output buffers, requested by the #WriteStream() function. */
+    unsigned long readFramesRequested;   /**< The number of available input frames, requested by the #ReadStream() function. */
+
+    int writeBuffersRequestedFlag; /**< Flag to indicate that #WriteStream() has requested more output buffers to be available. */
+    int readFramesRequestedFlag;   /**< Flag to indicate that #ReadStream() requires more input frames to be available. */
+
+    HANDLE writeBuffersReadyEvent; /**< Event to signal that requested output buffers are available. */
+    HANDLE readFramesReadyEvent;   /**< Event to signal that requested input frames are available. */
+
+    void *writeRingBufferData; /**< The actual ring buffer memory, used by the output ring buffer. */
+    void *readRingBufferData;  /**< The actual ring buffer memory, used by the input ring buffer. */
+
+    PaUtilRingBuffer writeRingBuffer; /**< Frame-aligned blocking i/o ring buffer to store output data (interleaved user format). */
+    PaUtilRingBuffer readRingBuffer;  /**< Frame-aligned blocking i/o ring buffer to store input data (interleaved user format). */
+
+    long writeRingBufferInitialFrames; /**< The initial number of silent frames within the output ring buffer. */
+
+    const void **writeStreamBuffer; /**< Temp buffer, used by #WriteStream() for handling non-interleaved data. */
+    void **readStreamBuffer; /**< Temp buffer, used by #ReadStream() for handling non-interleaved data. */
+
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor bufferProcessor; /**< Buffer processor, used to handle the blocking i/o ring buffers. */
+
+    int outputUnderflowFlag; /**< Flag to signal an output underflow from within the callback function. */
+    int inputOverflowFlag; /**< Flag to signal an input overflow from within the callback function. */
+}
+PaAsioStreamBlockingState;
+
+
+
+/* PaAsioStream - a stream data structure specifically for this implementation */
+
+typedef struct PaAsioStream
+{
+    PaUtilStreamRepresentation streamRepresentation;
+    PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer cpuLoadMeasurer;
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor bufferProcessor;
+
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi;
+    unsigned long framesPerHostCallback;
+
+    /* ASIO driver info  - these may not be needed for the life of the stream,
+        but store them here until we work out how format conversion is going
+        to work. */
+
+    ASIOBufferInfo *asioBufferInfos;
+    ASIOChannelInfo *asioChannelInfos;
+    long asioInputLatencyFrames, asioOutputLatencyFrames; // actual latencies returned by asio
+
+    long inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount;
+    bool postOutput;
+
+    void **bufferPtrs; /* this is carved up for inputBufferPtrs and outputBufferPtrs */
+    void **inputBufferPtrs[2];
+    void **outputBufferPtrs[2];
+
+    PaAsioBufferConverter *inputBufferConverter;
+    long inputShift;
+    PaAsioBufferConverter *outputBufferConverter;
+    long outputShift;
+
+    volatile bool stopProcessing;
+    int stopPlayoutCount;
+    HANDLE completedBuffersPlayedEvent;
+
+    bool streamFinishedCallbackCalled;
+    int isStopped;
+    volatile int isActive;
+    volatile bool zeroOutput; /* all future calls to the callback will output silence */
+
+    volatile long reenterCount;
+    volatile long reenterError;
+
+    PaStreamCallbackFlags callbackFlags;
+
+    PaAsioStreamBlockingState *blockingState; /**< Blocking i/o data struct, or NULL when using callback interface. */
+}
+PaAsioStream;
+
+static PaAsioStream *theAsioStream = 0; /* due to ASIO sdk limitations there can be only one stream */
+
+
+static void ZeroOutputBuffers( PaAsioStream *stream, long index )
+{
+    int i;
+
+    for( i=0; i < stream->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+    {
+        void *buffer = stream->asioBufferInfos[ i + stream->inputChannelCount ].buffers[index];
+
+        int bytesPerSample = BytesPerAsioSample( stream->asioChannelInfos[ i + stream->inputChannelCount ].type );
+
+        memset( buffer, 0, stream->framesPerHostCallback * bytesPerSample );
+    }
+}
+
+
+/* return the next power of two >= x.
+   Returns the input parameter if it is already a power of two.
+   http://stackoverflow.com/questions/364985/algorithm-for-finding-the-smallest-power-of-two-thats-greater-or-equal-to-a-giv
+*/
+static unsigned long NextPowerOfTwo( unsigned long x )
+{
+    --x;
+    x |= x >> 1;
+    x |= x >> 2;
+    x |= x >> 4;
+    x |= x >> 8;
+    x |= x >> 16;
+    /* If you needed to deal with numbers > 2^32 the following would be needed.
+       For latencies, we don't deal with values this large.
+     x |= x >> 16;
+    */
+
+    return x + 1;
+}
+
+
+static unsigned long SelectHostBufferSizeForUnspecifiedUserFramesPerBuffer(
+        unsigned long targetBufferingLatencyFrames, PaAsioDriverInfo *driverInfo )
+{
+    /* Choose a host buffer size based only on targetBufferingLatencyFrames and the
+       device's supported buffer sizes. Always returns a valid value.
+    */
+
+    unsigned long result;
+
+    if( targetBufferingLatencyFrames <= (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMinSize )
+    {
+        result = driverInfo->bufferMinSize;
+    }
+    else if( targetBufferingLatencyFrames >= (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMaxSize )
+    {
+        result = driverInfo->bufferMaxSize;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if( driverInfo->bufferGranularity == 0 ) /* single fixed host buffer size */
+        {
+            /* The documentation states that bufferGranularity should be zero
+               when bufferMinSize, bufferMaxSize and bufferPreferredSize are the
+               same. We assume that is the case.
+            */
+
+            result = driverInfo->bufferPreferredSize;
+        }
+        else if( driverInfo->bufferGranularity == -1 ) /* power-of-two */
+        {
+            /* We assume bufferMinSize and bufferMaxSize are powers of two. */
+
+            result = NextPowerOfTwo( targetBufferingLatencyFrames );
+
+            if( result < (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMinSize )
+                result = driverInfo->bufferMinSize;
+
+            if( result > (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMaxSize )
+                result = driverInfo->bufferMaxSize;
+        }
+        else /* modulo bufferGranularity */
+        {
+            /* round up to the next multiple of granularity */
+            unsigned long n = (targetBufferingLatencyFrames + driverInfo->bufferGranularity - 1)
+                    / driverInfo->bufferGranularity;
+
+            result = n * driverInfo->bufferGranularity;
+
+            if( result < (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMinSize )
+                result = driverInfo->bufferMinSize;
+
+            if( result > (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMaxSize )
+                result = driverInfo->bufferMaxSize;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static unsigned long SelectHostBufferSizeForSpecifiedUserFramesPerBuffer(
+        unsigned long targetBufferingLatencyFrames, unsigned long userFramesPerBuffer,
+        PaAsioDriverInfo *driverInfo )
+{
+    /* Select a host buffer size conforming to targetBufferingLatencyFrames
+       and the device's supported buffer sizes.
+       The return value will always be a multiple of userFramesPerBuffer.
+       If a valid buffer size can not be found the function returns 0.
+
+       The current implementation uses a simple iterative search for clarity.
+       Feel free to suggest a closed form solution.
+    */
+    unsigned long result = 0;
+
+    assert( userFramesPerBuffer != 0 );
+
+    if( driverInfo->bufferGranularity == 0 ) /* single fixed host buffer size */
+    {
+        /* The documentation states that bufferGranularity should be zero
+           when bufferMinSize, bufferMaxSize and bufferPreferredSize are the
+           same. We assume that is the case.
+        */
+
+        if( (driverInfo->bufferPreferredSize % userFramesPerBuffer) == 0 )
+            result = driverInfo->bufferPreferredSize;
+    }
+    else if( driverInfo->bufferGranularity == -1 ) /* power-of-two */
+    {
+        /* We assume bufferMinSize and bufferMaxSize are powers of two. */
+
+        /* Search all powers of two in the range [bufferMinSize,bufferMaxSize]
+           for multiples of userFramesPerBuffer. We prefer the first multiple
+           that is equal or greater than targetBufferingLatencyFrames, or
+           failing that, the largest multiple less than
+           targetBufferingLatencyFrames.
+        */
+        unsigned long x = (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMinSize;
+        do {
+            if( (x % userFramesPerBuffer) == 0 )
+            {
+                /* any multiple of userFramesPerBuffer is acceptable */
+                result = x;
+                if( result >= targetBufferingLatencyFrames )
+                    break; /* stop. a value >= to targetBufferingLatencyFrames is ideal. */
+            }
+
+            x *= 2;
+        } while( x <= (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMaxSize );
+    }
+    else /* modulo granularity */
+    {
+        /* We assume bufferMinSize is a multiple of bufferGranularity. */
+
+        /* Search all multiples of bufferGranularity in the range
+           [bufferMinSize,bufferMaxSize] for multiples of userFramesPerBuffer.
+           We prefer the first multiple that is equal or greater than
+           targetBufferingLatencyFrames, or failing that, the largest multiple
+           less than targetBufferingLatencyFrames.
+        */
+        unsigned long x = (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMinSize;
+        do {
+            if( (x % userFramesPerBuffer) == 0 )
+            {
+                /* any multiple of userFramesPerBuffer is acceptable */
+                result = x;
+                if( result >= targetBufferingLatencyFrames )
+                    break; /* stop. a value >= to targetBufferingLatencyFrames is ideal. */
+            }
+
+            x += driverInfo->bufferGranularity;
+        } while( x <= (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferMaxSize );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static unsigned long SelectHostBufferSize(
+        unsigned long targetBufferingLatencyFrames,
+        unsigned long userFramesPerBuffer, PaAsioDriverInfo *driverInfo )
+{
+    unsigned long result = 0;
+
+    /* We select a host buffer size based on the following requirements
+       (in priority order):
+
+        1. The host buffer size must be permissible according to the ASIO
+           driverInfo buffer size constraints (min, max, granularity or
+           powers-of-two).
+
+        2. If the user specifies a non-zero framesPerBuffer parameter
+           (userFramesPerBuffer here) the host buffer should be a multiple of
+           this (subject to the constraints in (1) above).
+
+           [NOTE: Where no permissible host buffer size is a multiple of
+           userFramesPerBuffer, we choose a value as if userFramesPerBuffer were
+           zero (i.e. we ignore it). This strategy is open for review ~ perhaps
+           there are still "more optimal" buffer sizes related to
+           userFramesPerBuffer that we could use.]
+
+        3. The host buffer size should be greater than or equal to
+           targetBufferingLatencyFrames, subject to (1) and (2) above. Where it
+           is not possible to select a host buffer size equal or greater than
+           targetBufferingLatencyFrames, the highest buffer size conforming to
+           (1) and (2) should be chosen.
+    */
+
+    if( userFramesPerBuffer != 0 )
+    {
+        /* userFramesPerBuffer is specified, try to find a buffer size that's
+           a multiple of it */
+        result = SelectHostBufferSizeForSpecifiedUserFramesPerBuffer(
+                targetBufferingLatencyFrames, userFramesPerBuffer, driverInfo );
+    }
+
+    if( result == 0 )
+    {
+        /* either userFramesPerBuffer was not specified, or we couldn't find a
+           host buffer size that is a multiple of it. Select a host buffer size
+           according to targetBufferingLatencyFrames and the ASIO driverInfo
+           buffer size constraints.
+         */
+        result = SelectHostBufferSizeForUnspecifiedUserFramesPerBuffer(
+                targetBufferingLatencyFrames, driverInfo );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/* returns channelSelectors if present */
+
+static PaError ValidateAsioSpecificStreamInfo(
+        const PaStreamParameters *streamParameters,
+        const PaAsioStreamInfo *streamInfo,
+        int deviceChannelCount,
+        int **channelSelectors )
+{
+    if( streamInfo )
+    {
+        if( streamInfo->size != sizeof( PaAsioStreamInfo )
+                || streamInfo->version != 1 )
+        {
+            return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        }
+
+        if( streamInfo->flags & paAsioUseChannelSelectors )
+            *channelSelectors = streamInfo->channelSelectors;
+
+        if( !(*channelSelectors) )
+            return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+
+        for( int i=0; i < streamParameters->channelCount; ++i ){
+            if( (*channelSelectors)[i] < 0
+                    || (*channelSelectors)[i] >= deviceChannelCount ){
+                return paInvalidChannelCount;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+
+static bool IsUsingExternalClockSource()
+{
+    bool result = false;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+    ASIOClockSource clocks[32];
+    long numSources=32;
+
+    /* davidv: listing ASIO Clock sources. there is an ongoing investigation by
+       me about whether or not to call ASIOSetSampleRate if an external Clock is
+       used. A few drivers expected different things here */
+
+    asioError = ASIOGetClockSources(clocks, &numSources);
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK ){
+        PA_DEBUG(("ERROR: ASIOGetClockSources: %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+    }else{
+        PA_DEBUG(("INFO ASIOGetClockSources listing %d clocks\n", numSources ));
+        for (int i=0;i<numSources;++i){
+            PA_DEBUG(("ASIOClockSource%d %s current:%d\n", i, clocks[i].name, clocks[i].isCurrentSource ));
+
+            if (clocks[i].isCurrentSource)
+                result = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError ValidateAndSetSampleRate( double sampleRate )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+
+    // check that the device supports the requested sample rate
+
+    asioError = ASIOCanSampleRate( sampleRate );
+    PA_DEBUG(("ASIOCanSampleRate(%f):%d\n", sampleRate, asioError ));
+
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paInvalidSampleRate;
+        PA_DEBUG(("ERROR: ASIOCanSampleRate: %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    // retrieve the current sample rate, we only change to the requested
+    // sample rate if the device is not already in that rate.
+
+    ASIOSampleRate oldRate;
+    asioError = ASIOGetSampleRate(&oldRate);
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paInvalidSampleRate;
+        PA_DEBUG(("ERROR: ASIOGetSampleRate: %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+        goto error;
+    }
+    PA_DEBUG(("ASIOGetSampleRate:%f\n",oldRate));
+
+    if (oldRate != sampleRate){
+        /* Set sample rate */
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("before ASIOSetSampleRate(%f)\n",sampleRate));
+
+        /*
+            If you have problems with some drivers when externally clocked,
+            try switching on the following line and commenting out the one after it.
+            See IsUsingExternalClockSource() for more info.
+        */
+        //if( IsUsingExternalClockSource() ){
+        if( false ){
+            asioError = ASIOSetSampleRate( 0 );
+        }else{
+            asioError = ASIOSetSampleRate( sampleRate );
+        }
+        if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+        {
+            result = paInvalidSampleRate;
+            PA_DEBUG(("ERROR: ASIOSetSampleRate: %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+            goto error;
+        }
+        PA_DEBUG(("after ASIOSetSampleRate(%f)\n",sampleRate));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("No Need to change SR\n"));
+    }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/* see pa_hostapi.h for a list of validity guarantees made about OpenStream  parameters */
+
+static PaError OpenStream( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                           PaStream** s,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                           double sampleRate,
+                           unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                           PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                           PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                           void *userData )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi = (PaAsioHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    PaAsioStream *stream = 0;
+    PaAsioStreamInfo *inputStreamInfo, *outputStreamInfo;
+    unsigned long framesPerHostBuffer;
+    int inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount;
+    PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat, outputSampleFormat;
+    PaSampleFormat hostInputSampleFormat, hostOutputSampleFormat;
+    unsigned long suggestedInputLatencyFrames;
+    unsigned long suggestedOutputLatencyFrames;
+    PaDeviceIndex asioDeviceIndex = -1;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+    int asioIsInitialized = 0;
+    int asioBuffersCreated = 0;
+    int completedBuffersPlayedEventInited = 0;
+    int i;
+    PaAsioDriverInfo *driverInfo;
+    int *inputChannelSelectors = 0;
+    int *outputChannelSelectors = 0;
+
+    /* Are we using blocking i/o interface? */
+    int usingBlockingIo = ( !streamCallback ) ? TRUE : FALSE;
+    /* Blocking i/o stuff */
+    long lBlockingBufferSize     = 0; /* Desired ring buffer size in samples. */
+    long lBlockingBufferSizePow2 = 0; /* Power-of-2 rounded ring buffer size. */
+    long lBytesPerFrame          = 0; /* Number of bytes per input/output frame. */
+    int blockingWriteBuffersReadyEventInitialized = 0; /* Event init flag. */
+    int blockingReadFramesReadyEventInitialized   = 0; /* Event init flag. */
+
+    int callbackBufferProcessorInited = FALSE;
+    int blockingBufferProcessorInited = FALSE;
+
+    /* unless we move to using lower level ASIO calls, we can only have
+        one device open at a time */
+    if( asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex != paNoDevice )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream paDeviceUnavailable\n"));
+        return paDeviceUnavailable;
+    }
+
+    assert( theAsioStream == 0 );
+
+    if( inputParameters && outputParameters )
+    {
+        /* full duplex ASIO stream must use the same device for input and output */
+
+        if( inputParameters->device != outputParameters->device )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream paBadIODeviceCombination\n"));
+            return paBadIODeviceCombination;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = inputParameters->channelCount;
+        inputSampleFormat = inputParameters->sampleFormat;
+        suggestedInputLatencyFrames = (unsigned long)((inputParameters->suggestedLatency * sampleRate)+0.5f);
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+        if( inputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        asioDeviceIndex = inputParameters->device;
+
+        PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo = (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[asioDeviceIndex];
+
+        /* validate hostApiSpecificStreamInfo */
+        inputStreamInfo = (PaAsioStreamInfo*)inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        result = ValidateAsioSpecificStreamInfo( inputParameters, inputStreamInfo,
+            asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo.maxInputChannels,
+            &inputChannelSelectors
+        );
+        if( result != paNoError ) return result;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = 0;
+        inputSampleFormat = 0;
+        suggestedInputLatencyFrames = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = outputParameters->channelCount;
+        outputSampleFormat = outputParameters->sampleFormat;
+        suggestedOutputLatencyFrames = (unsigned long)((outputParameters->suggestedLatency * sampleRate)+0.5f);
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+        if( outputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        asioDeviceIndex = outputParameters->device;
+
+        PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo = (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[asioDeviceIndex];
+
+        /* validate hostApiSpecificStreamInfo */
+        outputStreamInfo = (PaAsioStreamInfo*)outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        result = ValidateAsioSpecificStreamInfo( outputParameters, outputStreamInfo,
+            asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo.maxOutputChannels,
+            &outputChannelSelectors
+        );
+        if( result != paNoError ) return result;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = 0;
+        outputSampleFormat = 0;
+        suggestedOutputLatencyFrames = 0;
+    }
+
+    driverInfo = &asioHostApi->openAsioDriverInfo;
+
+    /* NOTE: we load the driver and use its current settings
+        rather than the ones in our device info structure which may be stale */
+
+    result = LoadAsioDriver( asioHostApi, asioHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep.deviceInfos[ asioDeviceIndex ]->name,
+            driverInfo, asioHostApi->systemSpecific );
+    if( result == paNoError )
+        asioIsInitialized = 1;
+    else{
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR1 - LoadAsioDriver returned %d\n", result));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* check that input device can support inputChannelCount */
+    if( inputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        if( inputChannelCount > driverInfo->inputChannelCount )
+        {
+            result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+            PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR2\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* check that output device can support outputChannelCount */
+    if( outputChannelCount )
+    {
+        if( outputChannelCount > driverInfo->outputChannelCount )
+        {
+            result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+            PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR3\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    result = ValidateAndSetSampleRate( sampleRate );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    /*
+        IMPLEMENT ME:
+            - if a full duplex stream is requested, check that the combination
+                of input and output parameters is supported
+    */
+
+    /* validate platform specific flags */
+    if( (streamFlags & paPlatformSpecificFlags) != 0 ){
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream invalid flags!!\n"));
+        return paInvalidFlag; /* unexpected platform specific flag */
+    }
+
+
+    stream = (PaAsioStream*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaAsioStream) );
+    if( !stream )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR5\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+    stream->blockingState = NULL; /* Blocking i/o not initialized, yet. */
+
+
+    stream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent = CreateEvent( NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL );
+    if( stream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent == NULL )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR6\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+    completedBuffersPlayedEventInited = 1;
+
+
+    stream->asioBufferInfos = 0; /* for deallocation in error */
+    stream->asioChannelInfos = 0; /* for deallocation in error */
+    stream->bufferPtrs = 0; /* for deallocation in error */
+
+    /* Using blocking i/o interface... */
+    if( usingBlockingIo )
+    {
+        /* Blocking i/o is implemented by running callback mode, using a special blocking i/o callback. */
+        streamCallback = BlockingIoPaCallback; /* Setup PA to use the ASIO blocking i/o callback. */
+        userData       = &theAsioStream;       /* The callback user data will be the PA ASIO stream. */
+        PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation,
+                                               &asioHostApi->blockingStreamInterface, streamCallback, userData );
+    }
+    else /* Using callback interface... */
+    {
+        PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation,
+                                               &asioHostApi->callbackStreamInterface, streamCallback, userData );
+    }
+
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeCpuLoadMeasurer( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer, sampleRate );
+
+
+    stream->asioBufferInfos = (ASIOBufferInfo*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory(
+            sizeof(ASIOBufferInfo) * (inputChannelCount + outputChannelCount) );
+    if( !stream->asioBufferInfos )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR7\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+
+    for( i=0; i < inputChannelCount; ++i )
+    {
+        ASIOBufferInfo *info = &stream->asioBufferInfos[i];
+
+        info->isInput = ASIOTrue;
+
+        if( inputChannelSelectors ){
+            // inputChannelSelectors values have already been validated in
+            // ValidateAsioSpecificStreamInfo() above
+            info->channelNum = inputChannelSelectors[i];
+        }else{
+            info->channelNum = i;
+        }
+
+        info->buffers[0] = info->buffers[1] = 0;
+    }
+
+    for( i=0; i < outputChannelCount; ++i ){
+        ASIOBufferInfo *info = &stream->asioBufferInfos[inputChannelCount+i];
+
+        info->isInput = ASIOFalse;
+
+        if( outputChannelSelectors ){
+            // outputChannelSelectors values have already been validated in
+            // ValidateAsioSpecificStreamInfo() above
+            info->channelNum = outputChannelSelectors[i];
+        }else{
+            info->channelNum = i;
+        }
+
+        info->buffers[0] = info->buffers[1] = 0;
+    }
+
+
+    /* Using blocking i/o interface... */
+    if( usingBlockingIo )
+    {
+/** @todo REVIEW selection of host buffer size for blocking i/o */
+
+        framesPerHostBuffer = SelectHostBufferSize( 0, framesPerBuffer, driverInfo );
+
+    }
+    else /* Using callback interface... */
+    {
+        /* Select the host buffer size based on user framesPerBuffer and the
+           maximum of suggestedInputLatencyFrames and
+           suggestedOutputLatencyFrames.
+
+           We should subtract any fixed known driver latency from
+           suggestedLatencyFrames before computing the host buffer size.
+           However, the ASIO API doesn't provide a method for determining fixed
+           latencies independent of the host buffer size. ASIOGetLatencies()
+           only returns latencies after the buffer size has been configured, so
+           we can't reliably use it to determine fixed latencies here.
+
+           We could set the preferred buffer size and then subtract it from
+           the values returned from ASIOGetLatencies, but this would not be 100%
+           reliable, so we don't do it.
+        */
+
+        unsigned long targetBufferingLatencyFrames =
+                (( suggestedInputLatencyFrames > suggestedOutputLatencyFrames )
+                ? suggestedInputLatencyFrames
+                : suggestedOutputLatencyFrames);
+
+        framesPerHostBuffer = SelectHostBufferSize( targetBufferingLatencyFrames,
+                framesPerBuffer, driverInfo );
+    }
+
+
+    PA_DEBUG(("PaAsioOpenStream: framesPerHostBuffer :%d\n",  framesPerHostBuffer));
+
+    asioError = ASIOCreateBuffers( stream->asioBufferInfos,
+            inputChannelCount+outputChannelCount,
+            framesPerHostBuffer, &asioCallbacks_ );
+
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK
+            && framesPerHostBuffer != (unsigned long)driverInfo->bufferPreferredSize )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("ERROR: ASIOCreateBuffers: %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+        /*
+            Some buggy drivers (like the Hoontech DSP24) give incorrect
+            [min, preferred, max] values They should work with the preferred size
+            value, thus if Pa_ASIO_CreateBuffers fails with the hostBufferSize
+            computed in SelectHostBufferSize, we try again with the preferred size.
+        */
+
+        framesPerHostBuffer = driverInfo->bufferPreferredSize;
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsioOpenStream: CORRECTED framesPerHostBuffer :%d\n",  framesPerHostBuffer));
+
+        ASIOError asioError2 = ASIOCreateBuffers( stream->asioBufferInfos,
+                inputChannelCount+outputChannelCount,
+                 framesPerHostBuffer, &asioCallbacks_ );
+        if( asioError2 == ASE_OK )
+            asioError = ASE_OK;
+    }
+
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR9\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    asioBuffersCreated = 1;
+
+    stream->asioChannelInfos = (ASIOChannelInfo*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory(
+            sizeof(ASIOChannelInfo) * (inputChannelCount + outputChannelCount) );
+    if( !stream->asioChannelInfos )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR10\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    for( i=0; i < inputChannelCount + outputChannelCount; ++i )
+    {
+        stream->asioChannelInfos[i].channel = stream->asioBufferInfos[i].channelNum;
+        stream->asioChannelInfos[i].isInput = stream->asioBufferInfos[i].isInput;
+        asioError = ASIOGetChannelInfo( &stream->asioChannelInfos[i] );
+        if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+        {
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+            PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR11\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    stream->bufferPtrs = (void**)PaUtil_AllocateMemory(
+            2 * sizeof(void*) * (inputChannelCount + outputChannelCount) );
+    if( !stream->bufferPtrs )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR12\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    if( inputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        stream->inputBufferPtrs[0] = stream-> bufferPtrs;
+        stream->inputBufferPtrs[1] = &stream->bufferPtrs[inputChannelCount];
+
+        for( i=0; i<inputChannelCount; ++i )
+        {
+            stream->inputBufferPtrs[0][i] = stream->asioBufferInfos[i].buffers[0];
+            stream->inputBufferPtrs[1][i] = stream->asioBufferInfos[i].buffers[1];
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        stream->inputBufferPtrs[0] = 0;
+        stream->inputBufferPtrs[1] = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( outputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        stream->outputBufferPtrs[0] = &stream->bufferPtrs[inputChannelCount*2];
+        stream->outputBufferPtrs[1] = &stream->bufferPtrs[inputChannelCount*2 + outputChannelCount];
+
+        for( i=0; i<outputChannelCount; ++i )
+        {
+            stream->outputBufferPtrs[0][i] = stream->asioBufferInfos[inputChannelCount+i].buffers[0];
+            stream->outputBufferPtrs[1][i] = stream->asioBufferInfos[inputChannelCount+i].buffers[1];
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        stream->outputBufferPtrs[0] = 0;
+        stream->outputBufferPtrs[1] = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( inputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        /* FIXME: assume all channels use the same type for now
+
+            see: "ASIO devices with multiple sample formats are unsupported"
+            http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/106
+        */
+        ASIOSampleType inputType = stream->asioChannelInfos[0].type;
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("ASIO Input  type:%d",inputType));
+        AsioSampleTypeLOG(inputType);
+        hostInputSampleFormat = AsioSampleTypeToPaNativeSampleFormat( inputType );
+
+        SelectAsioToPaConverter( inputType, &stream->inputBufferConverter, &stream->inputShift );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        hostInputSampleFormat = 0;
+        stream->inputBufferConverter = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( outputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        /* FIXME: assume all channels use the same type for now
+
+            see: "ASIO devices with multiple sample formats are unsupported"
+            http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/106
+        */
+        ASIOSampleType outputType = stream->asioChannelInfos[inputChannelCount].type;
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("ASIO Output type:%d",outputType));
+        AsioSampleTypeLOG(outputType);
+        hostOutputSampleFormat = AsioSampleTypeToPaNativeSampleFormat( outputType );
+
+        SelectPaToAsioConverter( outputType, &stream->outputBufferConverter, &stream->outputShift );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        hostOutputSampleFormat = 0;
+        stream->outputBufferConverter = 0;
+    }
+
+    /* Values returned by ASIOGetLatencies() include the latency introduced by
+       the ASIO double buffer. */
+    ASIOGetLatencies( &stream->asioInputLatencyFrames, &stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames );
+
+
+    /* Using blocking i/o interface... */
+    if( usingBlockingIo )
+    {
+        /* Allocate the blocking i/o input ring buffer memory. */
+        stream->blockingState = (PaAsioStreamBlockingState*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaAsioStreamBlockingState) );
+        if( !stream->blockingState )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o interface struct allocation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* Initialize blocking i/o interface struct. */
+        stream->blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent   = NULL; /* Uninitialized, yet. */
+        stream->blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent = NULL; /* Uninitialized, yet. */
+        stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData     = NULL; /* Uninitialized, yet. */
+        stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData    = NULL; /* Uninitialized, yet. */
+        stream->blockingState->readStreamBuffer       = NULL; /* Uninitialized, yet. */
+        stream->blockingState->writeStreamBuffer      = NULL; /* Uninitialized, yet. */
+        stream->blockingState->stopFlag               = TRUE; /* Not started, yet. */
+
+
+        /* If the user buffer is unspecified */
+        if( framesPerBuffer == paFramesPerBufferUnspecified )
+        {
+            /* Make the user buffer the same size as the host buffer. */
+            framesPerBuffer = framesPerHostBuffer;
+        }
+
+
+        /* Initialize callback buffer processor. */
+        result = PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor               ,
+                                                    inputChannelCount                     ,
+                                                    inputSampleFormat & ~paNonInterleaved , /* Ring buffer. */
+                                                    (hostInputSampleFormat | paNonInterleaved), /* Host format. */
+                                                    outputChannelCount                    ,
+                                                    outputSampleFormat & ~paNonInterleaved, /* Ring buffer. */
+                                                    (hostOutputSampleFormat | paNonInterleaved), /* Host format. */
+                                                    sampleRate                            ,
+                                                    streamFlags                           ,
+                                                    framesPerBuffer                       , /* Frames per ring buffer block. */
+                                                    framesPerHostBuffer                   , /* Frames per asio buffer. */
+                                                    paUtilFixedHostBufferSize             ,
+                                                    streamCallback                        ,
+                                                    userData                               );
+        if( result != paNoError ){
+            PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR13\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+        callbackBufferProcessorInited = TRUE;
+
+        /* Initialize the blocking i/o buffer processor. */
+        result = PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor,
+                                                   inputChannelCount                     ,
+                                                   inputSampleFormat                     , /* User format. */
+                                                   inputSampleFormat & ~paNonInterleaved , /* Ring buffer. */
+                                                   outputChannelCount                    ,
+                                                   outputSampleFormat                    , /* User format. */
+                                                   outputSampleFormat & ~paNonInterleaved, /* Ring buffer. */
+                                                   sampleRate                            ,
+                                                   paClipOff | paDitherOff               , /* Don't use dither nor clipping. */
+                                                   framesPerBuffer                       , /* Frames per user buffer. */
+                                                   framesPerBuffer                       , /* Frames per ring buffer block. */
+                                                   paUtilBoundedHostBufferSize           ,
+                                                   NULL, NULL                            );/* No callback! */
+        if( result != paNoError ){
+            PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o buffer processor initialization failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+        blockingBufferProcessorInited = TRUE;
+
+        /* If input is requested. */
+        if( inputChannelCount )
+        {
+            /* Create the callback sync-event. */
+            stream->blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent = CreateEvent( NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL );
+            if( stream->blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent == NULL )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+                PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o \"read frames ready\" event creation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+                goto error;
+            }
+            blockingReadFramesReadyEventInitialized = 1;
+
+
+            /* Create pointer buffer to access non-interleaved data in ReadStream() */
+            stream->blockingState->readStreamBuffer = (void**)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(void*) * inputChannelCount );
+            if( !stream->blockingState->readStreamBuffer )
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o read stream buffer allocation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            /* The ring buffer should store as many data blocks as needed
+               to achieve the requested latency. Whereas it must be large
+               enough to store at least two complete data blocks.
+
+               1) Determine the amount of latency to be added to the
+                  preferred ASIO latency.
+               2) Make sure we have at lest one additional latency frame.
+               3) Divide the number of frames by the desired block size to
+                  get the number (rounded up to pure integer) of blocks to
+                  be stored in the buffer.
+               4) Add one additional block for block processing and convert
+                  to samples frames.
+               5) Get the next larger (or equal) power-of-two buffer size.
+             */
+            lBlockingBufferSize = suggestedInputLatencyFrames - stream->asioInputLatencyFrames;
+            lBlockingBufferSize = (lBlockingBufferSize > 0) ? lBlockingBufferSize : 1;
+            lBlockingBufferSize = (lBlockingBufferSize + framesPerBuffer - 1) / framesPerBuffer;
+            lBlockingBufferSize = (lBlockingBufferSize + 1) * framesPerBuffer;
+
+            /* Get the next larger or equal power-of-two buffersize. */
+            lBlockingBufferSizePow2 = 1;
+            while( lBlockingBufferSize > (lBlockingBufferSizePow2<<=1) );
+            lBlockingBufferSize = lBlockingBufferSizePow2;
+
+            /* Compute total input latency in seconds */
+            stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.inputLatency =
+                (double)( PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor               )
+                        + PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor)
+                        + (lBlockingBufferSize / framesPerBuffer - 1) * framesPerBuffer
+                        + stream->asioInputLatencyFrames )
+                / sampleRate;
+
+            /* The code below prints the ASIO latency which doesn't include
+               the buffer processor latency nor the blocking i/o latency. It
+               reports the added latency separately.
+            */
+            PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio : ASIO InputLatency = %ld (%ld ms),\n         added buffProc:%ld (%ld ms),\n         added blocking:%ld (%ld ms)\n",
+                stream->asioInputLatencyFrames,
+                (long)( stream->asioInputLatencyFrames * (1000.0 / sampleRate) ),
+                PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor),
+                (long)( PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor) * (1000.0 / sampleRate) ),
+                PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor) + (lBlockingBufferSize / framesPerBuffer - 1) * framesPerBuffer,
+                (long)( (PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor) + (lBlockingBufferSize / framesPerBuffer - 1) * framesPerBuffer) * (1000.0 / sampleRate) )
+                ));
+
+            /* Determine the size of ring buffer in bytes. */
+            lBytesPerFrame = inputChannelCount * Pa_GetSampleSize(inputSampleFormat );
+
+            /* Allocate the blocking i/o input ring buffer memory. */
+            stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData = (void*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( lBlockingBufferSize * lBytesPerFrame );
+            if( !stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData )
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o input ring buffer allocation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            /* Initialize the input ring buffer struct. */
+            PaUtil_InitializeRingBuffer( &stream->blockingState->readRingBuffer    ,
+                                          lBytesPerFrame                           ,
+                                          lBlockingBufferSize                      ,
+                                          stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData );
+        }
+
+        /* If output is requested. */
+        if( outputChannelCount )
+        {
+            stream->blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent = CreateEvent( NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL );
+            if( stream->blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent == NULL )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+                PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o \"write buffers ready\" event creation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+                goto error;
+            }
+            blockingWriteBuffersReadyEventInitialized = 1;
+
+            /* Create pointer buffer to access non-interleaved data in WriteStream() */
+            stream->blockingState->writeStreamBuffer = (const void**)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(const void*) * outputChannelCount );
+            if( !stream->blockingState->writeStreamBuffer )
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o write stream buffer allocation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            /* The ring buffer should store as many data blocks as needed
+               to achieve the requested latency. Whereas it must be large
+               enough to store at least two complete data blocks.
+
+               1) Determine the amount of latency to be added to the
+                  preferred ASIO latency.
+               2) Make sure we have at lest one additional latency frame.
+               3) Divide the number of frames by the desired block size to
+                  get the number (rounded up to pure integer) of blocks to
+                  be stored in the buffer.
+               4) Add one additional block for block processing and convert
+                  to samples frames.
+               5) Get the next larger (or equal) power-of-two buffer size.
+             */
+            lBlockingBufferSize = suggestedOutputLatencyFrames - stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames;
+            lBlockingBufferSize = (lBlockingBufferSize > 0) ? lBlockingBufferSize : 1;
+            lBlockingBufferSize = (lBlockingBufferSize + framesPerBuffer - 1) / framesPerBuffer;
+            lBlockingBufferSize = (lBlockingBufferSize + 1) * framesPerBuffer;
+
+            /* The buffer size (without the additional block) corresponds
+               to the initial number of silent samples in the output ring
+               buffer. */
+            stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferInitialFrames = lBlockingBufferSize - framesPerBuffer;
+
+            /* Get the next larger or equal power-of-two buffersize. */
+            lBlockingBufferSizePow2 = 1;
+            while( lBlockingBufferSize > (lBlockingBufferSizePow2<<=1) );
+            lBlockingBufferSize = lBlockingBufferSizePow2;
+
+            /* Compute total output latency in seconds */
+            stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency =
+                (double)( PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor)
+                        + PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor)
+                        + (lBlockingBufferSize / framesPerBuffer - 1) * framesPerBuffer
+                        + stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames )
+                / sampleRate;
+
+            /* The code below prints the ASIO latency which doesn't include
+               the buffer processor latency nor the blocking i/o latency. It
+               reports the added latency separately.
+            */
+            PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio : ASIO OutputLatency = %ld (%ld ms),\n         added buffProc:%ld (%ld ms),\n         added blocking:%ld (%ld ms)\n",
+                stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames,
+                (long)( stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames * (1000.0 / sampleRate) ),
+                PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor),
+                (long)( PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor) * (1000.0 / sampleRate) ),
+                PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor) + (lBlockingBufferSize / framesPerBuffer - 1) * framesPerBuffer,
+                (long)( (PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor) + (lBlockingBufferSize / framesPerBuffer - 1) * framesPerBuffer) * (1000.0 / sampleRate) )
+                ));
+
+            /* Determine the size of ring buffer in bytes. */
+            lBytesPerFrame = outputChannelCount * Pa_GetSampleSize(outputSampleFormat);
+
+            /* Allocate the blocking i/o output ring buffer memory. */
+            stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData = (void*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( lBlockingBufferSize * lBytesPerFrame );
+            if( !stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData )
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                PA_DEBUG(("ERROR! Blocking i/o output ring buffer allocation failed in OpenStream()\n"));
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            /* Initialize the output ring buffer struct. */
+            PaUtil_InitializeRingBuffer( &stream->blockingState->writeRingBuffer    ,
+                                          lBytesPerFrame                            ,
+                                          lBlockingBufferSize                       ,
+                                          stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData );
+        }
+
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate = sampleRate;
+
+
+    }
+    else /* Using callback interface... */
+    {
+        result =  PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor,
+                        inputChannelCount, inputSampleFormat, (hostInputSampleFormat | paNonInterleaved),
+                        outputChannelCount, outputSampleFormat, (hostOutputSampleFormat | paNonInterleaved),
+                        sampleRate, streamFlags, framesPerBuffer,
+                        framesPerHostBuffer, paUtilFixedHostBufferSize,
+                        streamCallback, userData );
+        if( result != paNoError ){
+            PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream ERROR13\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+        callbackBufferProcessorInited = TRUE;
+
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.inputLatency =
+                (double)( PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor)
+                    + stream->asioInputLatencyFrames) / sampleRate;   // seconds
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency =
+                (double)( PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor)
+                    + stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames) / sampleRate; // seconds
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate = sampleRate;
+
+        // the code below prints the ASIO latency which doesn't include the
+        // buffer processor latency. it reports the added latency separately
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio : ASIO InputLatency = %ld (%ld ms), added buffProc:%ld (%ld ms)\n",
+                stream->asioInputLatencyFrames,
+                (long)((stream->asioInputLatencyFrames*1000)/ sampleRate),
+                PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor),
+                (long)((PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor)*1000)/ sampleRate)
+                ));
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio : ASIO OuputLatency = %ld (%ld ms), added buffProc:%ld (%ld ms)\n",
+                stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames,
+                (long)((stream->asioOutputLatencyFrames*1000)/ sampleRate),
+                PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor),
+                (long)((PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor)*1000)/ sampleRate)
+                ));
+    }
+
+    stream->asioHostApi = asioHostApi;
+    stream->framesPerHostCallback = framesPerHostBuffer;
+
+    stream->inputChannelCount = inputChannelCount;
+    stream->outputChannelCount = outputChannelCount;
+    stream->postOutput = driverInfo->postOutput;
+    stream->isStopped = 1;
+    stream->isActive = 0;
+
+    asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex = asioDeviceIndex;
+
+    theAsioStream = stream;
+    *s = (PaStream*)stream;
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    PA_DEBUG(("goto errored\n"));
+    if( stream )
+    {
+        if( stream->blockingState )
+        {
+            if( blockingBufferProcessorInited )
+                PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor );
+
+            if( stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData )
+                PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData );
+            if( stream->blockingState->writeStreamBuffer )
+                PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->writeStreamBuffer );
+            if( blockingWriteBuffersReadyEventInitialized )
+                CloseHandle( stream->blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent );
+
+            if( stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData )
+                PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData );
+            if( stream->blockingState->readStreamBuffer )
+                PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->readStreamBuffer );
+            if( blockingReadFramesReadyEventInitialized )
+                CloseHandle( stream->blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent );
+
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState );
+        }
+
+        if( callbackBufferProcessorInited )
+            PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+
+        if( completedBuffersPlayedEventInited )
+            CloseHandle( stream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent );
+
+        if( stream->asioBufferInfos )
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->asioBufferInfos );
+
+        if( stream->asioChannelInfos )
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->asioChannelInfos );
+
+        if( stream->bufferPtrs )
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->bufferPtrs );
+
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream );
+    }
+
+    if( asioBuffersCreated )
+        ASIODisposeBuffers();
+
+    if( asioIsInitialized )
+    {
+        UnloadAsioDriver();
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/*
+    When CloseStream() is called, the multi-api layer ensures that
+    the stream has already been stopped or aborted.
+*/
+static PaError CloseStream( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+
+    /*
+        IMPLEMENT ME:
+            - additional stream closing + cleanup
+    */
+
+    PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+    PaUtil_TerminateStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation );
+
+    stream->asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex = paNoDevice;
+
+    CloseHandle( stream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent );
+
+    /* Using blocking i/o interface... */
+    if( stream->blockingState )
+    {
+        PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->blockingState->bufferProcessor );
+
+        if( stream->inputChannelCount ) {
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->readRingBufferData );
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->readStreamBuffer  );
+            CloseHandle( stream->blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent );
+        }
+        if( stream->outputChannelCount ) {
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->writeRingBufferData );
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState->writeStreamBuffer );
+            CloseHandle( stream->blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent );
+        }
+
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->blockingState );
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->asioBufferInfos );
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->asioChannelInfos );
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream->bufferPtrs );
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream );
+
+    ASIODisposeBuffers();
+    UnloadAsioDriver();
+
+    theAsioStream = 0;
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static void bufferSwitch(long index, ASIOBool directProcess)
+{
+//TAKEN FROM THE ASIO SDK
+
+    // the actual processing callback.
+    // Beware that this is normally in a separate thread, hence be sure that
+    // you take care about thread synchronization. This is omitted here for
+    // simplicity.
+
+    // as this is a "back door" into the bufferSwitchTimeInfo a timeInfo needs
+    // to be created though it will only set the timeInfo.samplePosition and
+    // timeInfo.systemTime fields and the according flags
+
+    ASIOTime  timeInfo;
+    memset( &timeInfo, 0, sizeof (timeInfo) );
+
+    // get the time stamp of the buffer, not necessary if no
+    // synchronization to other media is required
+    if( ASIOGetSamplePosition(&timeInfo.timeInfo.samplePosition, &timeInfo.timeInfo.systemTime) == ASE_OK)
+            timeInfo.timeInfo.flags = kSystemTimeValid | kSamplePositionValid;
+
+    // Call the real callback
+    bufferSwitchTimeInfo( &timeInfo, index, directProcess );
+}
+
+
+// conversion from 64 bit ASIOSample/ASIOTimeStamp to double float
+#if NATIVE_INT64
+    #define ASIO64toDouble(a)  (a)
+#else
+    const double twoRaisedTo32 = 4294967296.;
+    #define ASIO64toDouble(a)  ((a).lo + (a).hi * twoRaisedTo32)
+#endif
+
+static ASIOTime *bufferSwitchTimeInfo( ASIOTime *timeInfo, long index, ASIOBool directProcess )
+{
+    // the actual processing callback.
+    // Beware that this is normally in a separate thread, hence be sure that
+    // you take care about thread synchronization.
+
+
+    /* The SDK says the following about the directProcess flag:
+        suggests to the host whether it should immediately start processing
+        (directProcess == ASIOTrue), or whether its process should be deferred
+        because the call comes from a very low level (for instance, a high level
+        priority interrupt), and direct processing would cause timing instabilities for
+        the rest of the system. If in doubt, directProcess should be set to ASIOFalse.
+
+        We just ignore directProcess. This could cause incompatibilities with
+        drivers which really don't want the audio processing to occur in this
+        callback, but none have been identified yet.
+    */
+
+    (void) directProcess; /* suppress unused parameter warning */
+
+#if 0
+    // store the timeInfo for later use
+    asioDriverInfo.tInfo = *timeInfo;
+
+    // get the time stamp of the buffer, not necessary if no
+    // synchronization to other media is required
+
+    if (timeInfo->timeInfo.flags & kSystemTimeValid)
+            asioDriverInfo.nanoSeconds = ASIO64toDouble(timeInfo->timeInfo.systemTime);
+    else
+            asioDriverInfo.nanoSeconds = 0;
+
+    if (timeInfo->timeInfo.flags & kSamplePositionValid)
+            asioDriverInfo.samples = ASIO64toDouble(timeInfo->timeInfo.samplePosition);
+    else
+            asioDriverInfo.samples = 0;
+
+    if (timeInfo->timeCode.flags & kTcValid)
+            asioDriverInfo.tcSamples = ASIO64toDouble(timeInfo->timeCode.timeCodeSamples);
+    else
+            asioDriverInfo.tcSamples = 0;
+
+    // get the system reference time
+    asioDriverInfo.sysRefTime = get_sys_reference_time();
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+    // a few debug messages for the Windows device driver developer
+    // tells you the time when driver got its interrupt and the delay until the app receives
+    // the event notification.
+    static double last_samples = 0;
+    char tmp[128];
+    sprintf (tmp, "diff: %d / %d ms / %d ms / %d samples                 \n", asioDriverInfo.sysRefTime - (long)(asioDriverInfo.nanoSeconds / 1000000.0), asioDriverInfo.sysRefTime, (long)(asioDriverInfo.nanoSeconds / 1000000.0), (long)(asioDriverInfo.samples - last_samples));
+    OutputDebugString (tmp);
+    last_samples = asioDriverInfo.samples;
+#endif
+
+
+    if( !theAsioStream )
+        return 0L;
+
+    // protect against reentrancy
+    if( PaAsio_AtomicIncrement(&theAsioStream->reenterCount) )
+    {
+        theAsioStream->reenterError++;
+        //DBUG(("bufferSwitchTimeInfo : reentrancy detection = %d\n", asioDriverInfo.reenterError));
+        return 0L;
+    }
+
+    int buffersDone = 0;
+
+    do
+    {
+        if( buffersDone > 0 )
+        {
+            // this is a reentered buffer, we missed processing it on time
+            // set the input overflow and output underflow flags as appropriate
+
+            if( theAsioStream->inputChannelCount > 0 )
+                theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paInputOverflow;
+
+            if( theAsioStream->outputChannelCount > 0 )
+                theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paOutputUnderflow;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if( theAsioStream->zeroOutput )
+            {
+                ZeroOutputBuffers( theAsioStream, index );
+
+                // Finally if the driver supports the ASIOOutputReady() optimization,
+                // do it here, all data are in place
+                if( theAsioStream->postOutput )
+                    ASIOOutputReady();
+
+                if( theAsioStream->stopProcessing )
+                {
+                    if( theAsioStream->stopPlayoutCount < 2 )
+                    {
+                        ++theAsioStream->stopPlayoutCount;
+                        if( theAsioStream->stopPlayoutCount == 2 )
+                        {
+                            theAsioStream->isActive = 0;
+                            if( theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback != 0 )
+                                theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback( theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.userData );
+                            theAsioStream->streamFinishedCallbackCalled = true;
+                            SetEvent( theAsioStream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent );
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+
+#if 0
+/*
+    see: "ASIO callback underflow/overflow buffer slip detection doesn't work"
+    http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/110
+*/
+
+// test code to try to detect slip conditions... these may work on some systems
+// but neither of them work on the RME Digi96
+
+// check that sample delta matches buffer size (otherwise we must have skipped
+// a buffer.
+static double last_samples = -512;
+double samples;
+//if( timeInfo->timeCode.flags & kTcValid )
+//    samples = ASIO64toDouble(timeInfo->timeCode.timeCodeSamples);
+//else
+    samples = ASIO64toDouble(timeInfo->timeInfo.samplePosition);
+int delta = samples - last_samples;
+//printf( "%d\n", delta);
+last_samples = samples;
+
+if( delta > theAsioStream->framesPerHostCallback )
+{
+    if( theAsioStream->inputChannelCount > 0 )
+        theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paInputOverflow;
+
+    if( theAsioStream->outputChannelCount > 0 )
+        theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paOutputUnderflow;
+}
+
+// check that the buffer index is not the previous index (which would indicate
+// that a buffer was skipped.
+static int previousIndex = 1;
+if( index == previousIndex )
+{
+    if( theAsioStream->inputChannelCount > 0 )
+        theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paInputOverflow;
+
+    if( theAsioStream->outputChannelCount > 0 )
+        theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paOutputUnderflow;
+}
+previousIndex = index;
+#endif
+
+                int i;
+
+                PaUtil_BeginCpuLoadMeasurement( &theAsioStream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+
+                PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo paTimeInfo;
+
+                // asio systemTime is supposed to be measured according to the same
+                // clock as timeGetTime
+                paTimeInfo.currentTime = (ASIO64toDouble( timeInfo->timeInfo.systemTime ) * .000000001);
+
+                /* patch from Paul Boege */
+                paTimeInfo.inputBufferAdcTime = paTimeInfo.currentTime -
+                    ((double)theAsioStream->asioInputLatencyFrames/theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate);
+
+                paTimeInfo.outputBufferDacTime = paTimeInfo.currentTime +
+                    ((double)theAsioStream->asioOutputLatencyFrames/theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate);
+
+                /* old version is buggy because the buffer processor also adds in its latency to the time parameters
+                paTimeInfo.inputBufferAdcTime = paTimeInfo.currentTime - theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.inputLatency;
+                paTimeInfo.outputBufferDacTime = paTimeInfo.currentTime + theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency;
+                */
+
+/* Disabled! Stopping and re-starting the stream causes an input overflow / output underflow. S.Fischer */
+#if 0
+// detect underflows by checking inter-callback time > 2 buffer period
+static double previousTime = -1;
+if( previousTime > 0 ){
+
+    double delta = paTimeInfo.currentTime - previousTime;
+
+    if( delta >= 2. * (theAsioStream->framesPerHostCallback / theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate) ){
+        if( theAsioStream->inputChannelCount > 0 )
+            theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paInputOverflow;
+
+        if( theAsioStream->outputChannelCount > 0 )
+            theAsioStream->callbackFlags |= paOutputUnderflow;
+    }
+}
+previousTime = paTimeInfo.currentTime;
+#endif
+
+                // note that the above input and output times do not need to be
+                // adjusted for the latency of the buffer processor -- the buffer
+                // processor handles that.
+
+                if( theAsioStream->inputBufferConverter )
+                {
+                    for( i=0; i<theAsioStream->inputChannelCount; i++ )
+                    {
+                        theAsioStream->inputBufferConverter( theAsioStream->inputBufferPtrs[index][i],
+                                theAsioStream->inputShift, theAsioStream->framesPerHostCallback );
+                    }
+                }
+
+                PaUtil_BeginBufferProcessing( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor, &paTimeInfo, theAsioStream->callbackFlags );
+
+                /* reset status flags once they've been passed to the callback */
+                theAsioStream->callbackFlags = 0;
+
+                PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor, 0 /* default to host buffer size */ );
+                for( i=0; i<theAsioStream->inputChannelCount; ++i )
+                    PaUtil_SetNonInterleavedInputChannel( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor, i, theAsioStream->inputBufferPtrs[index][i] );
+
+                PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor, 0 /* default to host buffer size */ );
+                for( i=0; i<theAsioStream->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+                    PaUtil_SetNonInterleavedOutputChannel( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor, i, theAsioStream->outputBufferPtrs[index][i] );
+
+                int callbackResult;
+                if( theAsioStream->stopProcessing )
+                    callbackResult = paComplete;
+                else
+                    callbackResult = paContinue;
+                unsigned long framesProcessed = PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor, &callbackResult );
+
+                if( theAsioStream->outputBufferConverter )
+                {
+                    for( i=0; i<theAsioStream->outputChannelCount; i++ )
+                    {
+                        theAsioStream->outputBufferConverter( theAsioStream->outputBufferPtrs[index][i],
+                                theAsioStream->outputShift, theAsioStream->framesPerHostCallback );
+                    }
+                }
+
+                PaUtil_EndCpuLoadMeasurement( &theAsioStream->cpuLoadMeasurer, framesProcessed );
+
+                // Finally if the driver supports the ASIOOutputReady() optimization,
+                // do it here, all data are in place
+                if( theAsioStream->postOutput )
+                    ASIOOutputReady();
+
+                if( callbackResult == paContinue )
+                {
+                    /* nothing special to do */
+                }
+                else if( callbackResult == paAbort )
+                {
+                    /* finish playback immediately  */
+                    theAsioStream->isActive = 0;
+                    if( theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback != 0 )
+                        theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback( theAsioStream->streamRepresentation.userData );
+                    theAsioStream->streamFinishedCallbackCalled = true;
+                    SetEvent( theAsioStream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent );
+                    theAsioStream->zeroOutput = true;
+                }
+                else /* paComplete or other non-zero value indicating complete */
+                {
+                    /* Finish playback once currently queued audio has completed. */
+                    theAsioStream->stopProcessing = true;
+
+                    if( PaUtil_IsBufferProcessorOutputEmpty( &theAsioStream->bufferProcessor ) )
+                    {
+                        theAsioStream->zeroOutput = true;
+                        theAsioStream->stopPlayoutCount = 0;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        ++buffersDone;
+    }while( PaAsio_AtomicDecrement(&theAsioStream->reenterCount) >= 0 );
+
+    return 0L;
+}
+
+
+static void sampleRateChanged(ASIOSampleRate sRate)
+{
+    // TAKEN FROM THE ASIO SDK
+    // do whatever you need to do if the sample rate changed
+    // usually this only happens during external sync.
+    // Audio processing is not stopped by the driver, actual sample rate
+    // might not have even changed, maybe only the sample rate status of an
+    // AES/EBU or S/PDIF digital input at the audio device.
+    // You might have to update time/sample related conversion routines, etc.
+
+    (void) sRate; /* unused parameter */
+    PA_DEBUG( ("sampleRateChanged : %d \n", sRate));
+}
+
+static long asioMessages(long selector, long value, void* message, double* opt)
+{
+// TAKEN FROM THE ASIO SDK
+    // currently the parameters "value", "message" and "opt" are not used.
+    long ret = 0;
+
+    (void) message; /* unused parameters */
+    (void) opt;
+
+    PA_DEBUG( ("asioMessages : %d , %d \n", selector, value));
+
+    switch(selector)
+    {
+        case kAsioSelectorSupported:
+            if(value == kAsioResetRequest
+            || value == kAsioEngineVersion
+            || value == kAsioResyncRequest
+            || value == kAsioLatenciesChanged
+            // the following three were added for ASIO 2.0, you don't necessarily have to support them
+            || value == kAsioSupportsTimeInfo
+            || value == kAsioSupportsTimeCode
+            || value == kAsioSupportsInputMonitor)
+                    ret = 1L;
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioBufferSizeChange:
+            //printf("kAsioBufferSizeChange \n");
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioResetRequest:
+            // defer the task and perform the reset of the driver during the next "safe" situation
+            // You cannot reset the driver right now, as this code is called from the driver.
+            // Reset the driver is done by completely destruct is. I.e. ASIOStop(), ASIODisposeBuffers(), Destruction
+            // Afterwards you initialize the driver again.
+
+            /*FIXME: commented the next line out
+
+                see: "PA/ASIO ignores some driver notifications it probably shouldn't"
+                http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/108
+            */
+            //asioDriverInfo.stopped;  // In this sample the processing will just stop
+            ret = 1L;
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioResyncRequest:
+            // This informs the application, that the driver encountered some non fatal data loss.
+            // It is used for synchronization purposes of different media.
+            // Added mainly to work around the Win16Mutex problems in Windows 95/98 with the
+            // Windows Multimedia system, which could loose data because the Mutex was hold too long
+            // by another thread.
+            // However a driver can issue it in other situations, too.
+            ret = 1L;
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioLatenciesChanged:
+            // This will inform the host application that the drivers were latencies changed.
+            // Beware, it this does not mean that the buffer sizes have changed!
+            // You might need to update internal delay data.
+            ret = 1L;
+            //printf("kAsioLatenciesChanged \n");
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioEngineVersion:
+            // return the supported ASIO version of the host application
+            // If a host applications does not implement this selector, ASIO 1.0 is assumed
+            // by the driver
+            ret = 2L;
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioSupportsTimeInfo:
+            // informs the driver whether the asioCallbacks.bufferSwitchTimeInfo() callback
+            // is supported.
+            // For compatibility with ASIO 1.0 drivers the host application should always support
+            // the "old" bufferSwitch method, too.
+            ret = 1;
+            break;
+
+        case kAsioSupportsTimeCode:
+            // informs the driver whether application is interested in time code info.
+            // If an application does not need to know about time code, the driver has less work
+            // to do.
+            ret = 0;
+            break;
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+
+static PaError StartStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+    PaAsioStreamBlockingState *blockingState = stream->blockingState;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+
+    if( stream->outputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        ZeroOutputBuffers( stream, 0 );
+        ZeroOutputBuffers( stream, 1 );
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_ResetBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+    stream->stopProcessing = false;
+    stream->zeroOutput = false;
+
+    /* Reentrancy counter initialisation */
+    stream->reenterCount = -1;
+    stream->reenterError = 0;
+
+    stream->callbackFlags = 0;
+
+    if( ResetEvent( stream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent ) == 0 )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+    }
+
+
+    /* Using blocking i/o interface... */
+    if( blockingState )
+    {
+        /* Reset blocking i/o buffer processor. */
+        PaUtil_ResetBufferProcessor( &blockingState->bufferProcessor );
+
+        /* If we're about to process some input data. */
+        if( stream->inputChannelCount )
+        {
+            /* Reset callback-ReadStream sync event. */
+            if( ResetEvent( blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent ) == 0 )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+            }
+
+            /* Flush blocking i/o ring buffer. */
+            PaUtil_FlushRingBuffer( &blockingState->readRingBuffer );
+            (*blockingState->bufferProcessor.inputZeroer)( blockingState->readRingBuffer.buffer, 1, blockingState->bufferProcessor.inputChannelCount * blockingState->readRingBuffer.bufferSize );
+        }
+
+        /* If we're about to process some output data. */
+        if( stream->outputChannelCount )
+        {
+            /* Reset callback-WriteStream sync event. */
+            if( ResetEvent( blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent ) == 0 )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+            }
+
+            /* Flush blocking i/o ring buffer. */
+            PaUtil_FlushRingBuffer( &blockingState->writeRingBuffer );
+            (*blockingState->bufferProcessor.outputZeroer)( blockingState->writeRingBuffer.buffer, 1, blockingState->bufferProcessor.outputChannelCount * blockingState->writeRingBuffer.bufferSize );
+
+            /* Initialize the output ring buffer to "silence". */
+            PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferWriteIndex( &blockingState->writeRingBuffer, blockingState->writeRingBufferInitialFrames );
+        }
+
+        /* Clear requested frames / buffers count. */
+        blockingState->writeBuffersRequested     = 0;
+        blockingState->readFramesRequested       = 0;
+        blockingState->writeBuffersRequestedFlag = FALSE;
+        blockingState->readFramesRequestedFlag   = FALSE;
+        blockingState->outputUnderflowFlag       = FALSE;
+        blockingState->inputOverflowFlag         = FALSE;
+        blockingState->stopFlag                  = FALSE;
+    }
+
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+    {
+        assert( theAsioStream == stream ); /* theAsioStream should be set correctly in OpenStream */
+
+        /* initialize these variables before the callback has a chance to be invoked */
+        stream->isStopped = 0;
+        stream->isActive = 1;
+        stream->streamFinishedCallbackCalled = false;
+
+        asioError = ASIOStart();
+        if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+        {
+            stream->isStopped = 1;
+            stream->isActive = 0;
+
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static void EnsureCallbackHasCompleted( PaAsioStream *stream )
+{
+    // make sure that the callback is not still in-flight after ASIOStop()
+    // returns. This has been observed to happen on the Hoontech DSP24 for
+    // example.
+    int count = 2000;  // only wait for 2 seconds, rather than hanging.
+    while( stream->reenterCount != -1 && count > 0 )
+    {
+        Sleep(1);
+        --count;
+    }
+}
+
+static PaError StopStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+    PaAsioStreamBlockingState *blockingState = stream->blockingState;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+
+    if( stream->isActive )
+    {
+        /* If blocking i/o output is in use */
+        if( blockingState && stream->outputChannelCount )
+        {
+            /* Request the whole output buffer to be available. */
+            blockingState->writeBuffersRequested = blockingState->writeRingBuffer.bufferSize;
+            /* Signalize that additional buffers are need. */
+            blockingState->writeBuffersRequestedFlag = TRUE;
+            /* Set flag to indicate the playback is to be stopped. */
+            blockingState->stopFlag = TRUE;
+
+            /* Wait until requested number of buffers has been freed. Time
+               out after twice the blocking i/o output buffer could have
+               been consumed. */
+            DWORD timeout = (DWORD)( 2 * blockingState->writeRingBuffer.bufferSize * 1000
+                                       / stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate );
+            DWORD waitResult = WaitForSingleObject( blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent, timeout );
+
+            /* If something seriously went wrong... */
+            if( waitResult == WAIT_FAILED )
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() failed in StopStream()\n"));
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+            }
+            else if( waitResult == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() timed out in StopStream()\n"));
+                result = paTimedOut;
+            }
+        }
+
+        stream->stopProcessing = true;
+
+        /* wait for the stream to finish playing out enqueued buffers.
+            timeout after four times the stream latency.
+
+            @todo should use a better time out value - if the user buffer
+            length is longer than the asio buffer size then that should
+            be taken into account.
+        */
+        if( WaitForSingleObject( stream->completedBuffersPlayedEvent,
+                (DWORD)(stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency * 1000. * 4.) )
+                    == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() timed out in StopStream()\n" ));
+        }
+    }
+
+    asioError = ASIOStop();
+    if( asioError == ASE_OK )
+    {
+        EnsureCallbackHasCompleted( stream );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+    }
+
+    stream->isStopped = 1;
+    stream->isActive = 0;
+
+    if( !stream->streamFinishedCallbackCalled )
+    {
+        if( stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback != 0 )
+            stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback( stream->streamRepresentation.userData );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError AbortStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+
+    stream->zeroOutput = true;
+
+    asioError = ASIOStop();
+    if( asioError == ASE_OK )
+    {
+        EnsureCallbackHasCompleted( stream );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+    }
+
+    stream->isStopped = 1;
+    stream->isActive = 0;
+
+    if( !stream->streamFinishedCallbackCalled )
+    {
+        if( stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback != 0 )
+            stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback( stream->streamRepresentation.userData );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError IsStreamStopped( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+
+    return stream->isStopped;
+}
+
+
+static PaError IsStreamActive( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+
+    return stream->isActive;
+}
+
+
+static PaTime GetStreamTime( PaStream *s )
+{
+    (void) s; /* unused parameter */
+
+    return (double)timeGetTime() * .001;
+}
+
+
+static double GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+
+    return PaUtil_GetCpuLoad( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+}
+
+
+/*
+    As separate stream interfaces are used for blocking and callback
+    streams, the following functions can be guaranteed to only be called
+    for blocking streams.
+*/
+
+static PaError ReadStream( PaStream      *s     ,
+                           void          *buffer,
+                           unsigned long  frames )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError; /* Initial return value. */
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s; /* The PA ASIO stream. */
+
+    /* Pointer to the blocking i/o data struct. */
+    PaAsioStreamBlockingState *blockingState = stream->blockingState;
+
+    /* Get blocking i/o buffer processor and ring buffer pointers. */
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor *pBp = &blockingState->bufferProcessor;
+    PaUtilRingBuffer      *pRb = &blockingState->readRingBuffer;
+
+    /* Ring buffer segment(s) used for writing. */
+    void *pRingBufferData1st = NULL; /* First segment. (Mandatory) */
+    void *pRingBufferData2nd = NULL; /* Second segment. (Optional) */
+
+    /* Number of frames per ring buffer segment. */
+    long lRingBufferSize1st = 0; /* First segment. (Mandatory) */
+    long lRingBufferSize2nd = 0; /* Second segment. (Optional) */
+
+    /* Get number of frames to be processed per data block. */
+    unsigned long lFramesPerBlock = stream->bufferProcessor.framesPerUserBuffer;
+    /* Actual number of frames that has been copied into the ring buffer. */
+    unsigned long lFramesCopied = 0;
+    /* The number of remaining unprocessed dtat frames. */
+    unsigned long lFramesRemaining = frames;
+
+    /* Copy the input argument to avoid pointer increment! */
+    const void *userBuffer;
+    unsigned int i; /* Just a counter. */
+
+    /* About the time, needed to process 8 data blocks. */
+    DWORD timeout = (DWORD)( 8 * lFramesPerBlock * 1000 / stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate );
+    DWORD waitResult = 0;
+
+
+    /* Check if the stream is still available ready to gather new data. */
+    if( blockingState->stopFlag || !stream->isActive )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("Warning! Stream no longer available for reading in ReadStream()\n"));
+        result = paStreamIsStopped;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /* If the stream is a input stream. */
+    if( stream->inputChannelCount )
+    {
+        /* Prepare buffer access. */
+        if( !pBp->userOutputIsInterleaved )
+        {
+            userBuffer = blockingState->readStreamBuffer;
+            for( i = 0; i<pBp->inputChannelCount; ++i )
+            {
+                ((void**)userBuffer)[i] = ((void**)buffer)[i];
+            }
+        } /* Use the unchanged buffer. */
+        else { userBuffer = buffer; }
+
+        do /* Internal block processing for too large user data buffers. */
+        {
+            /* Get the size of the current data block to be processed. */
+            lFramesPerBlock =(lFramesPerBlock < lFramesRemaining)
+                            ? lFramesPerBlock : lFramesRemaining;
+            /* Use predefined block size for as long there are enough
+               buffers available, thereafter reduce the processing block
+               size to match the number of remaining buffers. So the final
+               data block is processed although it may be incomplete. */
+
+            /* If the available amount of data frames is insufficient. */
+            if( PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable(pRb) < (long) lFramesPerBlock )
+            {
+                /* Make sure, the event isn't already set! */
+                /* ResetEvent( blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent ); */
+
+                /* Set the number of requested buffers. */
+                blockingState->readFramesRequested = lFramesPerBlock;
+
+                /* Signalize that additional buffers are need. */
+                blockingState->readFramesRequestedFlag = TRUE;
+
+                /* Wait until requested number of buffers has been freed. */
+                waitResult = WaitForSingleObject( blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent, timeout );
+
+                /* If something seriously went wrong... */
+                if( waitResult == WAIT_FAILED )
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() failed in ReadStream()\n"));
+                    result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                    PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+                    return result;
+                }
+                else if( waitResult == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() timed out in ReadStream()\n"));
+
+                    /* If block processing has stopped, abort! */
+                    if( blockingState->stopFlag ) { return result = paStreamIsStopped; }
+
+                    /* If a timeout is encountered, give up eventually. */
+                    return result = paTimedOut;
+                }
+            }
+            /* Now, the ring buffer contains the required amount of data
+               frames.
+               (Therefor we don't need to check the return argument of
+               PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadRegions(). ;-) )
+            */
+
+            /* Retrieve pointer(s) to the ring buffer's current write
+               position(s). If the first buffer segment is too small to
+               store the requested number of bytes, an additional second
+               segment is returned. Otherwise, i.e. if the first segment
+               is large enough, the second segment's pointer will be NULL.
+            */
+            PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadRegions(pRb                ,
+                                            lFramesPerBlock    ,
+                                            &pRingBufferData1st,
+                                            &lRingBufferSize1st,
+                                            &pRingBufferData2nd,
+                                            &lRingBufferSize2nd);
+
+            /* Set number of frames to be copied from the ring buffer. */
+            PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( pBp, lRingBufferSize1st );
+            /* Setup ring buffer access. */
+            PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels(pBp               ,  /* Buffer processor. */
+                                               0                 ,  /* The first channel's index. */
+                                               pRingBufferData1st,  /* First ring buffer segment. */
+                                               0                 ); /* Use all available channels. */
+
+            /* If a second ring buffer segment is required. */
+            if( lRingBufferSize2nd ) {
+                /* Set number of frames to be copied from the ring buffer. */
+                PaUtil_Set2ndInputFrameCount( pBp, lRingBufferSize2nd );
+                /* Setup ring buffer access. */
+                PaUtil_Set2ndInterleavedInputChannels(pBp               ,  /* Buffer processor. */
+                                                      0                 ,  /* The first channel's index. */
+                                                      pRingBufferData2nd,  /* Second ring buffer segment. */
+                                                      0                 ); /* Use all available channels. */
+            }
+
+            /* Let the buffer processor handle "copy and conversion" and
+               update the ring buffer indices manually. */
+            lFramesCopied = PaUtil_CopyInput( pBp, &buffer, lFramesPerBlock );
+            PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferReadIndex( pRb, lFramesCopied );
+
+            /* Decrease number of unprocessed frames. */
+            lFramesRemaining -= lFramesCopied;
+
+        } /* Continue with the next data chunk. */
+        while( lFramesRemaining );
+
+
+        /* If there has been an input overflow within the callback */
+        if( blockingState->inputOverflowFlag )
+        {
+            blockingState->inputOverflowFlag = FALSE;
+
+            /* Return the corresponding error code. */
+            result = paInputOverflowed;
+        }
+
+    } /* If this is not an input stream. */
+    else {
+        result = paCanNotReadFromAnOutputOnlyStream;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError WriteStream( PaStream      *s     ,
+                            const void    *buffer,
+                            unsigned long  frames )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError; /* Initial return value. */
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s; /* The PA ASIO stream. */
+
+    /* Pointer to the blocking i/o data struct. */
+    PaAsioStreamBlockingState *blockingState = stream->blockingState;
+
+    /* Get blocking i/o buffer processor and ring buffer pointers. */
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor *pBp = &blockingState->bufferProcessor;
+    PaUtilRingBuffer      *pRb = &blockingState->writeRingBuffer;
+
+    /* Ring buffer segment(s) used for writing. */
+    void *pRingBufferData1st = NULL; /* First segment. (Mandatory) */
+    void *pRingBufferData2nd = NULL; /* Second segment. (Optional) */
+
+    /* Number of frames per ring buffer segment. */
+    long lRingBufferSize1st = 0; /* First segment. (Mandatory) */
+    long lRingBufferSize2nd = 0; /* Second segment. (Optional) */
+
+    /* Get number of frames to be processed per data block. */
+    unsigned long lFramesPerBlock = stream->bufferProcessor.framesPerUserBuffer;
+    /* Actual number of frames that has been copied into the ring buffer. */
+    unsigned long lFramesCopied = 0;
+    /* The number of remaining unprocessed dtat frames. */
+    unsigned long lFramesRemaining = frames;
+
+    /* About the time, needed to process 8 data blocks. */
+    DWORD timeout = (DWORD)( 8 * lFramesPerBlock * 1000 / stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate );
+    DWORD waitResult = 0;
+
+    /* Copy the input argument to avoid pointer increment! */
+    const void *userBuffer;
+    unsigned int i; /* Just a counter. */
+
+
+    /* Check if the stream is still available ready to receive new data. */
+    if( blockingState->stopFlag || !stream->isActive )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("Warning! Stream no longer available for writing in WriteStream()\n"));
+        result = paStreamIsStopped;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /* If the stream is a output stream. */
+    if( stream->outputChannelCount )
+    {
+        /* Prepare buffer access. */
+        if( !pBp->userOutputIsInterleaved )
+        {
+            userBuffer = blockingState->writeStreamBuffer;
+            for( i = 0; i<pBp->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+            {
+                ((const void**)userBuffer)[i] = ((const void**)buffer)[i];
+            }
+        } /* Use the unchanged buffer. */
+        else { userBuffer = buffer; }
+
+
+        do /* Internal block processing for too large user data buffers. */
+        {
+            /* Get the size of the current data block to be processed. */
+            lFramesPerBlock =(lFramesPerBlock < lFramesRemaining)
+                            ? lFramesPerBlock : lFramesRemaining;
+            /* Use predefined block size for as long there are enough
+               frames available, thereafter reduce the processing block
+               size to match the number of remaining frames. So the final
+               data block is processed although it may be incomplete. */
+
+            /* If the available amount of buffers is insufficient. */
+            if( PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteAvailable(pRb) < (long) lFramesPerBlock )
+            {
+                /* Make sure, the event isn't already set! */
+                /* ResetEvent( blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent ); */
+
+                /* Set the number of requested buffers. */
+                blockingState->writeBuffersRequested = lFramesPerBlock;
+
+                /* Signalize that additional buffers are need. */
+                blockingState->writeBuffersRequestedFlag = TRUE;
+
+                /* Wait until requested number of buffers has been freed. */
+                waitResult = WaitForSingleObject( blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent, timeout );
+
+                /* If something seriously went wrong... */
+                if( waitResult == WAIT_FAILED )
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() failed in WriteStream()\n"));
+                    result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                    PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+                    return result;
+                }
+                else if( waitResult == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("WaitForSingleObject() timed out in WriteStream()\n"));
+
+                    /* If block processing has stopped, abort! */
+                    if( blockingState->stopFlag ) { return result = paStreamIsStopped; }
+
+                    /* If a timeout is encountered, give up eventually. */
+                    return result = paTimedOut;
+                }
+            }
+            /* Now, the ring buffer contains the required amount of free
+               space to store the provided number of data frames.
+               (Therefor we don't need to check the return argument of
+               PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteRegions(). ;-) )
+            */
+
+            /* Retrieve pointer(s) to the ring buffer's current write
+               position(s). If the first buffer segment is too small to
+               store the requested number of bytes, an additional second
+               segment is returned. Otherwise, i.e. if the first segment
+               is large enough, the second segment's pointer will be NULL.
+            */
+            PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteRegions(pRb                ,
+                                             lFramesPerBlock    ,
+                                             &pRingBufferData1st,
+                                             &lRingBufferSize1st,
+                                             &pRingBufferData2nd,
+                                             &lRingBufferSize2nd);
+
+            /* Set number of frames to be copied to the ring buffer. */
+            PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount( pBp, lRingBufferSize1st );
+            /* Setup ring buffer access. */
+            PaUtil_SetInterleavedOutputChannels(pBp               ,  /* Buffer processor. */
+                                                0                 ,  /* The first channel's index. */
+                                                pRingBufferData1st,  /* First ring buffer segment. */
+                                                0                 ); /* Use all available channels. */
+
+            /* If a second ring buffer segment is required. */
+            if( lRingBufferSize2nd ) {
+                /* Set number of frames to be copied to the ring buffer. */
+                PaUtil_Set2ndOutputFrameCount( pBp, lRingBufferSize2nd );
+                /* Setup ring buffer access. */
+                PaUtil_Set2ndInterleavedOutputChannels(pBp               ,  /* Buffer processor. */
+                                                       0                 ,  /* The first channel's index. */
+                                                       pRingBufferData2nd,  /* Second ring buffer segment. */
+                                                       0                 ); /* Use all available channels. */
+            }
+
+            /* Let the buffer processor handle "copy and conversion" and
+               update the ring buffer indices manually. */
+            lFramesCopied = PaUtil_CopyOutput( pBp, &userBuffer, lFramesPerBlock );
+            PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferWriteIndex( pRb, lFramesCopied );
+
+            /* Decrease number of unprocessed frames. */
+            lFramesRemaining -= lFramesCopied;
+
+        } /* Continue with the next data chunk. */
+        while( lFramesRemaining );
+
+
+        /* If there has been an output underflow within the callback */
+        if( blockingState->outputUnderflowFlag )
+        {
+            blockingState->outputUnderflowFlag = FALSE;
+
+            /* Return the corresponding error code. */
+            result = paOutputUnderflowed;
+        }
+
+    } /* If this is not an output stream. */
+    else
+    {
+        result = paCanNotWriteToAnInputOnlyStream;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static signed long GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+
+    /* Call buffer utility routine to get the number of available frames. */
+    return PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable( &stream->blockingState->readRingBuffer );
+}
+
+
+static signed long GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaAsioStream *stream = (PaAsioStream*)s;
+
+    /* Call buffer utility routine to get the number of empty buffers. */
+    return PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteAvailable( &stream->blockingState->writeRingBuffer );
+}
+
+
+/* This routine will be called by the PortAudio engine when audio is needed.
+** It may called at interrupt level on some machines so don't do anything
+** that could mess up the system like calling malloc() or free().
+*/
+static int BlockingIoPaCallback(const void                     *inputBuffer    ,
+                                      void                     *outputBuffer   ,
+                                      unsigned long             framesPerBuffer,
+                                const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo *timeInfo       ,
+                                      PaStreamCallbackFlags     statusFlags    ,
+                                      void                     *userData       )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError; /* Initial return value. */
+    PaAsioStream *stream = *(PaAsioStream**)userData; /* The PA ASIO stream. */
+    PaAsioStreamBlockingState *blockingState = stream->blockingState; /* Persume blockingState is valid, otherwise the callback wouldn't be running. */
+
+    /* Get a pointer to the stream's blocking i/o buffer processor. */
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor *pBp = &blockingState->bufferProcessor;
+    PaUtilRingBuffer      *pRb = NULL;
+
+    /* If output data has been requested. */
+    if( stream->outputChannelCount )
+    {
+        /* If the callback input argument signalizes a output underflow,
+           make sure the WriteStream() function knows about it, too! */
+        if( statusFlags & paOutputUnderflowed ) {
+            blockingState->outputUnderflowFlag = TRUE;
+        }
+
+        /* Access the corresponding ring buffer. */
+        pRb = &blockingState->writeRingBuffer;
+
+        /* If the blocking i/o buffer contains enough output data, */
+        if( PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable(pRb) >= (long) framesPerBuffer )
+        {
+            /* Extract the requested data from the ring buffer. */
+            PaUtil_ReadRingBuffer( pRb, outputBuffer, framesPerBuffer );
+        }
+        else /* If no output data is available :-( */
+        {
+            /* Signalize a write-buffer underflow. */
+            blockingState->outputUnderflowFlag = TRUE;
+
+            /* Fill the output buffer with silence. */
+            (*pBp->outputZeroer)( outputBuffer, 1, pBp->outputChannelCount * framesPerBuffer );
+
+            /* If playback is to be stopped */
+            if( blockingState->stopFlag && PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable(pRb) < (long) framesPerBuffer )
+            {
+                /* Extract all the remaining data from the ring buffer,
+                   whether it is a complete data block or not. */
+                PaUtil_ReadRingBuffer( pRb, outputBuffer, PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable(pRb) );
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* Set blocking i/o event? */
+        if( blockingState->writeBuffersRequestedFlag && PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteAvailable(pRb) >= (long) blockingState->writeBuffersRequested )
+        {
+            /* Reset buffer request. */
+            blockingState->writeBuffersRequestedFlag = FALSE;
+            blockingState->writeBuffersRequested     = 0;
+            /* Signalize that requested buffers are ready. */
+            SetEvent( blockingState->writeBuffersReadyEvent );
+            /* What do we do if SetEvent() returns zero, i.e. the event
+               could not be set? How to return errors from within the
+               callback? - S.Fischer */
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* If input data has been supplied. */
+    if( stream->inputChannelCount )
+    {
+        /* If the callback input argument signalizes a input overflow,
+           make sure the ReadStream() function knows about it, too! */
+        if( statusFlags & paInputOverflowed ) {
+            blockingState->inputOverflowFlag = TRUE;
+        }
+
+        /* Access the corresponding ring buffer. */
+        pRb = &blockingState->readRingBuffer;
+
+        /* If the blocking i/o buffer contains not enough input buffers */
+        if( PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteAvailable(pRb) < (long) framesPerBuffer )
+        {
+            /* Signalize a read-buffer overflow. */
+            blockingState->inputOverflowFlag = TRUE;
+
+            /* Remove some old data frames from the buffer. */
+            PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferReadIndex( pRb, framesPerBuffer );
+        }
+
+        /* Insert the current input data into the ring buffer. */
+        PaUtil_WriteRingBuffer( pRb, inputBuffer, framesPerBuffer );
+
+        /* Set blocking i/o event? */
+        if( blockingState->readFramesRequestedFlag && PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable(pRb) >= (long) blockingState->readFramesRequested )
+        {
+            /* Reset buffer request. */
+            blockingState->readFramesRequestedFlag = FALSE;
+            blockingState->readFramesRequested     = 0;
+            /* Signalize that requested buffers are ready. */
+            SetEvent( blockingState->readFramesReadyEvent );
+            /* What do we do if SetEvent() returns zero, i.e. the event
+               could not be set? How to return errors from within the
+               callback? - S.Fischer */
+            /** @todo report an error with PA_DEBUG */
+        }
+    }
+
+    return paContinue;
+}
+
+
+PaError PaAsio_ShowControlPanel( PaDeviceIndex device, void* systemSpecific )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi;
+    PaDeviceIndex hostApiDevice;
+    ASIODriverInfo asioDriverInfo;
+    ASIOError asioError;
+    int asioIsInitialized = 0;
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi;
+    PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo;
+    PaWinUtilComInitializationResult comInitializationResult;
+
+    /* initialize COM again here, we might be in another thread */
+    result = PaWinUtil_CoInitialize( paASIO, &comInitializationResult );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        return result;
+
+    result = PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( &hostApi, paASIO );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    result = PaUtil_DeviceIndexToHostApiDeviceIndex( &hostApiDevice, device, hostApi );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    /*
+        In theory we could proceed if the currently open device was the same
+        one for which the control panel was requested, however  because the
+        window pointer is not available until this function is called we
+        currently need to call ASIOInit() again here, which of course can't be
+        done safely while a stream is open.
+    */
+
+    asioHostApi = (PaAsioHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    if( asioHostApi->openAsioDeviceIndex != paNoDevice )
+    {
+        result = paDeviceUnavailable;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    asioDeviceInfo = (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[hostApiDevice];
+
+    if( !asioHostApi->asioDrivers->loadDriver( const_cast<char*>(asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo.name) ) )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* CRUCIAL!!! */
+    memset( &asioDriverInfo, 0, sizeof(ASIODriverInfo) );
+    asioDriverInfo.asioVersion = 2;
+    asioDriverInfo.sysRef = systemSpecific;
+    asioError = ASIOInit( &asioDriverInfo );
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        goto error;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        asioIsInitialized = 1;
+    }
+
+PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_ShowControlPanel: ASIOInit(): %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+PA_DEBUG(("asioVersion: ASIOInit(): %ld\n",   asioDriverInfo.asioVersion ));
+PA_DEBUG(("driverVersion: ASIOInit(): %ld\n", asioDriverInfo.driverVersion ));
+PA_DEBUG(("Name: ASIOInit(): %s\n",           asioDriverInfo.name ));
+PA_DEBUG(("ErrorMessage: ASIOInit(): %s\n",   asioDriverInfo.errorMessage ));
+
+    asioError = ASIOControlPanel();
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_ShowControlPanel: ASIOControlPanel(): %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_ShowControlPanel: ASIOControlPanel(): %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+
+    asioError = ASIOExit();
+    if( asioError != ASE_OK )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_ASIO_SET_LAST_ASIO_ERROR( asioError );
+        asioIsInitialized = 0;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+PA_DEBUG(("PaAsio_ShowControlPanel: ASIOExit(): %s\n", PaAsio_GetAsioErrorText(asioError) ));
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    if( asioIsInitialized )
+    {
+        ASIOExit();
+    }
+
+    PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize( paASIO, &comInitializationResult );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError PaAsio_GetInputChannelName( PaDeviceIndex device, int channelIndex,
+        const char** channelName )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi;
+    PaDeviceIndex hostApiDevice;
+    PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo;
+
+
+    result = PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( &hostApi, paASIO );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    result = PaUtil_DeviceIndexToHostApiDeviceIndex( &hostApiDevice, device, hostApi );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    asioDeviceInfo = (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[hostApiDevice];
+
+    if( channelIndex < 0 || channelIndex >= asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo.maxInputChannels ){
+        result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    *channelName = asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[channelIndex].name;
+
+    return paNoError;
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError PaAsio_GetOutputChannelName( PaDeviceIndex device, int channelIndex,
+        const char** channelName )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi;
+    PaDeviceIndex hostApiDevice;
+    PaAsioDeviceInfo *asioDeviceInfo;
+
+
+    result = PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( &hostApi, paASIO );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    result = PaUtil_DeviceIndexToHostApiDeviceIndex( &hostApiDevice, device, hostApi );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    asioDeviceInfo = (PaAsioDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[hostApiDevice];
+
+    if( channelIndex < 0 || channelIndex >= asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo.maxOutputChannels ){
+        result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    *channelName = asioDeviceInfo->asioChannelInfos[
+            asioDeviceInfo->commonDeviceInfo.maxInputChannels + channelIndex].name;
+
+    return paNoError;
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/* NOTE: the following functions are ASIO-stream specific, and are called directly
+    by client code. We need to check for many more error conditions here because
+    we don't have the benefit of pa_front.c's parameter checking.
+*/
+
+static PaError GetAsioStreamPointer( PaAsioStream **stream, PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi;
+    PaAsioHostApiRepresentation *asioHostApi;
+
+    result = PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( s );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        return result;
+
+    result = PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( &hostApi, paASIO );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        return result;
+
+    asioHostApi = (PaAsioHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+
+    if( PA_STREAM_REP( s )->streamInterface == &asioHostApi->callbackStreamInterface
+            || PA_STREAM_REP( s )->streamInterface == &asioHostApi->blockingStreamInterface )
+    {
+        /* s is an ASIO  stream */
+        *stream = (PaAsioStream *)s;
+        return paNoError;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return paIncompatibleStreamHostApi;
+    }
+}
+
+
+PaError PaAsio_SetStreamSampleRate( PaStream* s, double sampleRate )
+{
+    PaAsioStream *stream;
+    PaError result = GetAsioStreamPointer( &stream, s );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        return result;
+
+    if( stream != theAsioStream )
+        return paBadStreamPtr;
+
+    return ValidateAndSetSampleRate( sampleRate );
+}
+
+#include "Windows/HideWindowsPlatformAtomics.h"
+#include "Windows/HideWindowsPlatformTypes.h"
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/dsound/pa_win_ds.c b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/dsound/pa_win_ds.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ebcae8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/dsound/pa_win_ds.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3269 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library DirectSound implementation
+ *
+ * Authors: Phil Burk, Robert Marsanyi & Ross Bencina
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2007 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk, Robert Marsanyi
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup hostapi_src
+*/
+
+/* Until May 2011 PA/DS has used a multimedia timer to perform the callback.
+   We're replacing this with a new implementation using a thread and a different timer mechanism.
+   Defining PA_WIN_DS_USE_WMME_TIMER uses the old (pre-May 2011) behavior.
+*/
+//#define PA_WIN_DS_USE_WMME_TIMER
+
+#if !defined(_WIN32_WINNT) || (_WIN32_WINNT < 0x0400)
+    #undef _WIN32_WINNT
+    #define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0400 /* required to get waitable timer APIs */
+#endif
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h> /* strlen() */
+
+#include <initguid.h> /* make sure ds guids get defined */
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <objbase.h>
+
+
+/*
+  Use the earliest version of DX required, no need to pollute the namespace
+*/
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_DIRECTSOUNDFULLDUPLEXCREATE
+#define DIRECTSOUND_VERSION 0x0800
+#else
+#define DIRECTSOUND_VERSION 0x0300
+#endif
+#include <dsound.h>
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO
+#include <dsconf.h>
+#endif /* PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO */
+#ifndef PA_WIN_DS_USE_WMME_TIMER
+#ifndef UNDER_CE
+#include <process.h>
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#include "pa_util.h"
+#include "pa_allocation.h"
+#include "pa_hostapi.h"
+#include "pa_stream.h"
+#include "pa_cpuload.h"
+#include "pa_process.h"
+#include "pa_debugprint.h"
+
+#include "pa_win_util.h"
+#include "pa_win_ds.h"
+#include "pa_win_ds_dynlink.h"
+#include "pa_win_waveformat.h"
+#include "pa_win_wdmks_utils.h"
+#include "pa_win_coinitialize.h"
+
+#if (defined(WIN32) && (defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1200))) /* MSC version 6 and above */
+#pragma comment( lib, "dsound.lib" )
+#pragma comment( lib, "winmm.lib" )
+#pragma comment( lib, "kernel32.lib" )
+#endif
+
+/* use CreateThread for CYGWIN, _beginthreadex for all others */
+#ifndef PA_WIN_DS_USE_WMME_TIMER
+
+#if !defined(__CYGWIN__) && !defined(UNDER_CE)
+#define CREATE_THREAD (HANDLE)_beginthreadex
+#undef CLOSE_THREAD_HANDLE /* as per documentation we don't call CloseHandle on a thread created with _beginthreadex */
+#define PA_THREAD_FUNC static unsigned WINAPI
+#define PA_THREAD_ID unsigned
+#else
+#define CREATE_THREAD CreateThread
+#define CLOSE_THREAD_HANDLE CloseHandle
+#define PA_THREAD_FUNC static DWORD WINAPI
+#define PA_THREAD_ID DWORD
+#endif
+
+#if (defined(UNDER_CE))
+#pragma comment(lib, "Coredll.lib")
+#elif (defined(WIN32) && (defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1200))) /* MSC version 6 and above */
+#pragma comment(lib, "winmm.lib")
+#endif
+
+PA_THREAD_FUNC ProcessingThreadProc( void *pArg );
+
+#if !defined(UNDER_CE)
+#define PA_WIN_DS_USE_WAITABLE_TIMER_OBJECT /* use waitable timer where possible, otherwise we use a WaitForSingleObject timeout */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* !PA_WIN_DS_USE_WMME_TIMER */
+
+
+/*
+ provided in newer platform sdks and x64
+ */
+#ifndef DWORD_PTR
+    #if defined(_WIN64)
+        #define DWORD_PTR unsigned __int64
+    #else
+        #define DWORD_PTR unsigned long
+    #endif
+#endif
+
+#define PRINT(x) PA_DEBUG(x);
+#define ERR_RPT(x) PRINT(x)
+#define DBUG(x)   PRINT(x)
+#define DBUGX(x)  PRINT(x)
+
+#define PA_USE_HIGH_LATENCY   (0)
+#if PA_USE_HIGH_LATENCY
+#define PA_DS_WIN_9X_DEFAULT_LATENCY_     (.500)
+#define PA_DS_WIN_NT_DEFAULT_LATENCY_     (.600)
+#else
+#define PA_DS_WIN_9X_DEFAULT_LATENCY_     (.140)
+#define PA_DS_WIN_NT_DEFAULT_LATENCY_     (.280)
+#endif
+
+#define PA_DS_WIN_WDM_DEFAULT_LATENCY_    (.120)
+
+/* we allow the polling period to range between 1 and 100ms.
+   prior to August 2011 we limited the minimum polling period to 10ms.
+*/
+#define PA_DS_MINIMUM_POLLING_PERIOD_SECONDS    (0.001) /* 1ms */
+#define PA_DS_MAXIMUM_POLLING_PERIOD_SECONDS    (0.100) /* 100ms */
+#define PA_DS_POLLING_JITTER_SECONDS            (0.001) /* 1ms */
+
+#define SECONDS_PER_MSEC      (0.001)
+#define MSECS_PER_SECOND       (1000)
+
+/* prototypes for functions declared in this file */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+PaError PaWinDs_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+static void Terminate( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi );
+static PaError OpenStream( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                           PaStream** s,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                           double sampleRate,
+                           unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                           PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                           PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                           void *userData );
+static PaError IsFormatSupported( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                  double sampleRate );
+static PaError CloseStream( PaStream* stream );
+static PaError StartStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError StopStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError AbortStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError IsStreamStopped( PaStream *s );
+static PaError IsStreamActive( PaStream *stream );
+static PaTime GetStreamTime( PaStream *stream );
+static double GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream* stream );
+static PaError ReadStream( PaStream* stream, void *buffer, unsigned long frames );
+static PaError WriteStream( PaStream* stream, const void *buffer, unsigned long frames );
+static signed long GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream* stream );
+static signed long GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream* stream );
+
+
+#if _WIN32_WINNT >= 0x0602 // Windows 8 and above
+#define PA_DS_SET_LAST_DIRECTSOUND_ERROR( hr ) \
+    PaWinUtil_SetLastSystemErrorInfo( paDirectSound, hr )
+#else
+/* FIXME: should use DXGetErrorString/DXGetErrorDescription for Windows 7 and below */
+#define PA_DS_SET_LAST_DIRECTSOUND_ERROR( hr ) \
+    PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( paDirectSound, hr, "DirectSound error" )
+#endif
+
+/************************************************* DX Prototypes **********/
+static BOOL CALLBACK CollectGUIDsProcW(LPGUID lpGUID,
+                                     LPCWSTR lpszDesc,
+                                     LPCWSTR lpszDrvName,
+                                     LPVOID lpContext );
+
+/************************************************************************************/
+/********************** Structures **************************************************/
+/************************************************************************************/
+/* PaWinDsHostApiRepresentation - host api datastructure specific to this implementation */
+
+typedef struct PaWinDsDeviceInfo
+{
+    PaDeviceInfo        inheritedDeviceInfo;
+    GUID                guid;
+    GUID                *lpGUID;
+    double              sampleRates[3];
+    char deviceInputChannelCountIsKnown; /**<< if the system returns 0xFFFF then we don't really know the number of supported channels (1=>known, 0=>unknown)*/
+    char deviceOutputChannelCountIsKnown; /**<< if the system returns 0xFFFF then we don't really know the number of supported channels (1=>known, 0=>unknown)*/
+} PaWinDsDeviceInfo;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation inheritedHostApiRep;
+    PaUtilStreamInterface    callbackStreamInterface;
+    PaUtilStreamInterface    blockingStreamInterface;
+
+    PaUtilAllocationGroup   *allocations;
+
+    /* implementation specific data goes here */
+
+    PaWinUtilComInitializationResult comInitializationResult;
+
+} PaWinDsHostApiRepresentation;
+
+
+/* PaWinDsStream - a stream data structure specifically for this implementation */
+
+typedef struct PaWinDsStream
+{
+    PaUtilStreamRepresentation streamRepresentation;
+    PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer cpuLoadMeasurer;
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor bufferProcessor;
+
+/* DirectSound specific data. */
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_DIRECTSOUNDFULLDUPLEXCREATE
+    LPDIRECTSOUNDFULLDUPLEX8 pDirectSoundFullDuplex8;
+#endif
+
+/* Output */
+    LPDIRECTSOUND        pDirectSound;
+    LPDIRECTSOUNDBUFFER  pDirectSoundPrimaryBuffer;
+    LPDIRECTSOUNDBUFFER  pDirectSoundOutputBuffer;
+    DWORD                outputBufferWriteOffsetBytes;     /* last write position */
+    INT                  outputBufferSizeBytes;
+    INT                  outputFrameSizeBytes;
+    /* Try to detect play buffer underflows. */
+    LARGE_INTEGER        perfCounterTicksPerBuffer; /* counter ticks it should take to play a full buffer */
+    LARGE_INTEGER        previousPlayTime;
+    DWORD                previousPlayCursor;
+    UINT                 outputUnderflowCount;
+    BOOL                 outputIsRunning;
+    INT                  finalZeroBytesWritten; /* used to determine when we've flushed the whole buffer */
+
+/* Input */
+    LPDIRECTSOUNDCAPTURE pDirectSoundCapture;
+    LPDIRECTSOUNDCAPTUREBUFFER   pDirectSoundInputBuffer;
+    INT                  inputFrameSizeBytes;
+    UINT                 readOffset;      /* last read position */
+    UINT                 inputBufferSizeBytes;
+
+
+    int              hostBufferSizeFrames; /* input and output host ringbuffers have the same number of frames */
+    double           framesWritten;
+    double           secondsPerHostByte; /* Used to optimize latency calculation for outTime */
+    double           pollingPeriodSeconds;
+
+    PaStreamCallbackFlags callbackFlags;
+
+    PaStreamFlags    streamFlags;
+    int              callbackResult;
+    HANDLE           processingCompleted;
+
+/* FIXME - move all below to PaUtilStreamRepresentation */
+    volatile int     isStarted;
+    volatile int     isActive;
+    volatile int     stopProcessing; /* stop thread once existing buffers have been returned */
+    volatile int     abortProcessing; /* stop thread immediately */
+
+    UINT             systemTimerResolutionPeriodMs; /* set to 0 if we were unable to set the timer period */
+
+#ifdef PA_WIN_DS_USE_WMME_TIMER
+    MMRESULT         timerID;
+#else
+
+#ifdef PA_WIN_DS_USE_WAITABLE_TIMER_OBJECT
+    HANDLE           waitableTimer;
+#endif
+    HANDLE           processingThread;
+    PA_THREAD_ID     processingThreadId;
+    HANDLE           processingThreadCompleted;
+#endif
+
+} PaWinDsStream;
+
+
+/* Set minimal latency based on the current OS version.
+ * NT has higher latency.
+ */
+static double PaWinDS_GetMinSystemLatencySeconds( void )
+{
+/*
+NOTE: GetVersionEx() is deprecated as of Windows 8.1 and can not be used to reliably detect
+versions of Windows higher than Windows 8 (due to manifest requirements for reporting higher versions).
+Microsoft recommends switching to VerifyVersionInfo (available on Win 2k and later), however GetVersionEx
+is faster, for now we just disable the deprecation warning.
+See: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms724451(v=vs.85).aspx
+See: http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/678606/Part-Overcoming-Windows-s-deprecation-of-GetVe
+*/
+#pragma warning (disable : 4996) /* use of GetVersionEx */
+
+    double minLatencySeconds;
+    /* Set minimal latency based on whether NT or other OS.
+     * NT has higher latency.
+     */
+
+    OSVERSIONINFO osvi;
+    osvi.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof( osvi );
+    GetVersionEx( &osvi );
+    DBUG(("PA - PlatformId = 0x%x\n", osvi.dwPlatformId ));
+    DBUG(("PA - MajorVersion = 0x%x\n", osvi.dwMajorVersion ));
+    DBUG(("PA - MinorVersion = 0x%x\n", osvi.dwMinorVersion ));
+    /* Check for NT */
+    if( (osvi.dwMajorVersion == 4) && (osvi.dwPlatformId == 2) )
+    {
+        minLatencySeconds = PA_DS_WIN_NT_DEFAULT_LATENCY_;
+    }
+    else if(osvi.dwMajorVersion >= 5)
+    {
+        minLatencySeconds = PA_DS_WIN_WDM_DEFAULT_LATENCY_;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        minLatencySeconds = PA_DS_WIN_9X_DEFAULT_LATENCY_;
+    }
+    return minLatencySeconds;
+
+#pragma warning (default : 4996)
+}
+
+
+/*************************************************************************
+** Return minimum workable latency required for this host. This is returned
+** As the default stream latency in PaDeviceInfo.
+** Latency can be optionally set by user by setting an environment variable.
+** For example, to set latency to 200 msec, put:
+**
+**    set PA_MIN_LATENCY_MSEC=200
+**
+** in the AUTOEXEC.BAT file and reboot.
+** If the environment variable is not set, then the latency will be determined
+** based on the OS. Windows NT has higher latency than Win95.
+*/
+#define PA_LATENCY_ENV_NAME  ("PA_MIN_LATENCY_MSEC")
+#define PA_ENV_BUF_SIZE  (32)
+
+static double PaWinDs_GetMinLatencySeconds( double sampleRate )
+{
+    char      envbuf[PA_ENV_BUF_SIZE];
+    DWORD     hresult;
+    double    minLatencySeconds = 0;
+
+    /* Let user determine minimal latency by setting environment variable. */
+    hresult = GetEnvironmentVariableA( PA_LATENCY_ENV_NAME, envbuf, PA_ENV_BUF_SIZE );
+    if( (hresult > 0) && (hresult < PA_ENV_BUF_SIZE) )
+    {
+        minLatencySeconds = atoi( envbuf ) * SECONDS_PER_MSEC;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        minLatencySeconds = PaWinDS_GetMinSystemLatencySeconds();
+#if PA_USE_HIGH_LATENCY
+        PRINT(("PA - Minimum Latency set to %f msec!\n", minLatencySeconds * MSECS_PER_SECOND ));
+#endif
+    }
+
+    return minLatencySeconds;
+}
+
+
+/************************************************************************************
+** Duplicate and convert the input string using the group allocations allocator.
+** A NULL string is converted to a zero length string.
+** If memory cannot be allocated, NULL is returned.
+**/
+static char *DuplicateDeviceNameString( PaUtilAllocationGroup *allocations, const wchar_t* src )
+{
+    char *result = 0;
+
+    if( src != NULL )
+    {
+        size_t len = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, src, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
+
+        result = (char*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory( allocations, (long)(len + 1) );
+        if( result ) {
+            if (WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, src, -1, result, (int)len, NULL, NULL) == 0) {
+                result = 0;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = (char*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory( allocations, 1 );
+        if( result )
+            result[0] = '\0';
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/************************************************************************************
+** DSDeviceNameAndGUID, DSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector used for collecting preliminary
+** information during device enumeration.
+*/
+typedef struct DSDeviceNameAndGUID{
+    char *name; // allocated from parent's allocations, never deleted by this structure
+    GUID guid;
+    LPGUID lpGUID;
+    void *pnpInterface;  // wchar_t* interface path, allocated using the DS host api's allocation group
+} DSDeviceNameAndGUID;
+
+typedef struct DSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector{
+    PaUtilAllocationGroup *allocations;
+    PaError enumerationError;
+
+    int count;
+    int free;
+    DSDeviceNameAndGUID *items; // Allocated using LocalAlloc()
+} DSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector;
+
+typedef struct DSDeviceNamesAndGUIDs{
+    PaWinDsHostApiRepresentation *winDsHostApi;
+    DSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector inputNamesAndGUIDs;
+    DSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector outputNamesAndGUIDs;
+} DSDeviceNamesAndGUIDs;
+
+static PaError InitializeDSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector(
+        DSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector *guidVector, PaUtilAllocationGroup *allocations )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    guidVector->allocations = allocations;
+    guidVector->enumerationError = paNoError;
+
+    guidVector->count = 0;
+    guidVector->free = 8;
+    guidVector->items = (DSDeviceNameAndGUID*)LocalAlloc( LMEM_FIXED, sizeof(DSDeviceNameAndGUID) * guidVector->free );
+    if( guidVector->items == NULL )
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError ExpandDSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector( DSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector *guidVector )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    DSDeviceNameAndGUID *newItems;
+    int i;
+
+    /* double size of vector */
+    int size = guidVector->count + guidVector->free;
+    guidVector->free += size;
+
+    newItems = (DSDeviceNameAndGUID*)LocalAlloc( LMEM_FIXED, sizeof(DSDeviceNameAndGUID) * size * 2 );
+    if( newItems == NULL )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        for( i=0; i < guidVector->count; ++i )
+        {
+            newItems[i].name = guidVector->items[i].name;
+            if( guidVector->items[i].lpGUID == NULL )
+            {
+                newItems[i].lpGUID = NULL;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                newItems[i].lpGUID = &newItems[i].guid;
+                memcpy( &newItems[i].guid, guidVector->items[i].lpGUID, sizeof(GUID) );
+            }
+            newItems[i].pnpInterface = guidVector->items[i].pnpInterface;
+        }
+
+        LocalFree( guidVector->items );
+        guidVector->items = newItems;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/*
+    it's safe to call DSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector multiple times
+*/
+static PaError TerminateDSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector( DSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector *guidVector )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    if( guidVector->items != NULL )
+    {
+        if( LocalFree( guidVector->items ) != NULL )
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;              /** @todo this isn't the correct error to return from a deallocation failure */
+
+        guidVector->items = NULL;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/************************************************************************************
+** Collect preliminary device information during DirectSound enumeration
+*/
+static BOOL CALLBACK CollectGUIDsProcW(LPGUID lpGUID,
+                                     LPCWSTR lpszDesc,
+                                     LPCWSTR lpszDrvName,
+                                     LPVOID lpContext )
+{
+    DSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector *namesAndGUIDs = (DSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector*)lpContext;
+    PaError error;
+
+    (void) lpszDrvName; /* unused variable */
+
+    if( namesAndGUIDs->free == 0 )
+    {
+        error = ExpandDSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector( namesAndGUIDs );
+        if( error != paNoError )
+        {
+            namesAndGUIDs->enumerationError = error;
+            return FALSE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Set GUID pointer, copy GUID to storage in DSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector. */
+    if( lpGUID == NULL )
+    {
+        namesAndGUIDs->items[namesAndGUIDs->count].lpGUID = NULL;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        namesAndGUIDs->items[namesAndGUIDs->count].lpGUID =
+                &namesAndGUIDs->items[namesAndGUIDs->count].guid;
+
+        memcpy( &namesAndGUIDs->items[namesAndGUIDs->count].guid, lpGUID, sizeof(GUID) );
+    }
+
+    namesAndGUIDs->items[namesAndGUIDs->count].name =
+            DuplicateDeviceNameString( namesAndGUIDs->allocations, lpszDesc );
+    if( namesAndGUIDs->items[namesAndGUIDs->count].name == NULL )
+    {
+        namesAndGUIDs->enumerationError = paInsufficientMemory;
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    namesAndGUIDs->items[namesAndGUIDs->count].pnpInterface = 0;
+
+    ++namesAndGUIDs->count;
+    --namesAndGUIDs->free;
+
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO
+
+static void *DuplicateWCharString( PaUtilAllocationGroup *allocations, wchar_t *source )
+{
+    size_t len;
+    wchar_t *result;
+
+    len = wcslen( source );
+    result = (wchar_t*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory( allocations, (long) ((len+1) * sizeof(wchar_t)) );
+    wcscpy( result, source );
+    return result;
+}
+
+static BOOL CALLBACK KsPropertySetEnumerateCallback( PDSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUNDDEVICE_DESCRIPTION_W_DATA data, LPVOID context )
+{
+    int i;
+    DSDeviceNamesAndGUIDs *deviceNamesAndGUIDs = (DSDeviceNamesAndGUIDs*)context;
+
+    /*
+        Apparently data->Interface can be NULL in some cases.
+        Possibly virtual devices without hardware.
+        So we check for NULLs now. See mailing list message November 10, 2012:
+        "[Portaudio] portaudio initialization crash in KsPropertySetEnumerateCallback(pa_win_ds.c)"
+    */
+    if( data->Interface )
+    {
+        if( data->DataFlow == DIRECTSOUNDDEVICE_DATAFLOW_RENDER )
+        {
+            for( i=0; i < deviceNamesAndGUIDs->outputNamesAndGUIDs.count; ++i )
+            {
+                if( deviceNamesAndGUIDs->outputNamesAndGUIDs.items[i].lpGUID
+                    && memcmp( &data->DeviceId, deviceNamesAndGUIDs->outputNamesAndGUIDs.items[i].lpGUID, sizeof(GUID) ) == 0 )
+                {
+                    deviceNamesAndGUIDs->outputNamesAndGUIDs.items[i].pnpInterface =
+                        (char*)DuplicateWCharString( deviceNamesAndGUIDs->winDsHostApi->allocations, data->Interface );
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        else if( data->DataFlow == DIRECTSOUNDDEVICE_DATAFLOW_CAPTURE )
+        {
+            for( i=0; i < deviceNamesAndGUIDs->inputNamesAndGUIDs.count; ++i )
+            {
+                if( deviceNamesAndGUIDs->inputNamesAndGUIDs.items[i].lpGUID
+                    && memcmp( &data->DeviceId, deviceNamesAndGUIDs->inputNamesAndGUIDs.items[i].lpGUID, sizeof(GUID) ) == 0 )
+                {
+                    deviceNamesAndGUIDs->inputNamesAndGUIDs.items[i].pnpInterface =
+                        (char*)DuplicateWCharString( deviceNamesAndGUIDs->winDsHostApi->allocations, data->Interface );
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+
+static GUID pawin_CLSID_DirectSoundPrivate =
+{ 0x11ab3ec0, 0x25ec, 0x11d1, 0xa4, 0xd8, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x4f, 0xc2, 0x8a, 0xca };
+
+static GUID pawin_DSPROPSETID_DirectSoundDevice =
+{ 0x84624f82, 0x25ec, 0x11d1, 0xa4, 0xd8, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x4f, 0xc2, 0x8a, 0xca };
+
+static GUID pawin_IID_IKsPropertySet =
+{ 0x31efac30, 0x515c, 0x11d0, 0xa9, 0xaa, 0x00, 0xaa, 0x00, 0x61, 0xbe, 0x93 };
+
+
+/*
+    FindDevicePnpInterfaces fills in the pnpInterface fields in deviceNamesAndGUIDs
+    with UNICODE file paths to the devices. The DS documentation mentions
+    at least two techniques by which these Interface paths can be found using IKsPropertySet on
+    the DirectSound class object. One is using the DSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUNDDEVICE_DESCRIPTION
+    property, and the other is using DSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUNDDEVICE_ENUMERATE.
+    I tried both methods and only the second worked. I found two postings on the
+    net from people who had the same problem with the first method, so I think the method used here is
+    more common/likely to work. The problem is that IKsPropertySet_Get returns S_OK
+    but the fields of the device description are not filled in.
+
+    The mechanism we use works by registering an enumeration callback which is called for
+    every DSound device. Our callback searches for a device in our deviceNamesAndGUIDs list
+    with the matching GUID and copies the pointer to the Interface path.
+    Note that we could have used this enumeration callback to perform the original
+    device enumeration, however we choose not to so we can disable this step easily.
+
+    Apparently the IKsPropertySet mechanism was added in DirectSound 9c 2004
+    http://www.tech-archive.net/Archive/Development/microsoft.public.win32.programmer.mmedia/2004-12/0099.html
+
+        -- rossb
+*/
+static void FindDevicePnpInterfaces( DSDeviceNamesAndGUIDs *deviceNamesAndGUIDs )
+{
+    IClassFactory *pClassFactory;
+
+    if( paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DllGetClassObject(&pawin_CLSID_DirectSoundPrivate, &IID_IClassFactory, (PVOID *) &pClassFactory) == S_OK ){
+        IKsPropertySet *pPropertySet;
+        if( pClassFactory->lpVtbl->CreateInstance( pClassFactory, NULL, &pawin_IID_IKsPropertySet, (PVOID *) &pPropertySet) == S_OK ){
+
+            DSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUNDDEVICE_ENUMERATE_W_DATA data;
+            ULONG bytesReturned;
+
+            data.Callback = KsPropertySetEnumerateCallback;
+            data.Context = deviceNamesAndGUIDs;
+
+            IKsPropertySet_Get( pPropertySet,
+                &pawin_DSPROPSETID_DirectSoundDevice,
+                DSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUNDDEVICE_ENUMERATE_W,
+                NULL,
+                0,
+                &data,
+                sizeof(data),
+                &bytesReturned
+            );
+
+            IKsPropertySet_Release( pPropertySet );
+        }
+        pClassFactory->lpVtbl->Release( pClassFactory );
+    }
+
+    /*
+        The following code fragment, which I chose not to use, queries for the
+        device interface for a device with a specific GUID:
+
+        ULONG BytesReturned;
+        DSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUNDDEVICE_DESCRIPTION_W_DATA Property;
+
+        memset (&Property, 0, sizeof(Property));
+        Property.DataFlow = DIRECTSOUNDDEVICE_DATAFLOW_RENDER;
+        Property.DeviceId = *lpGUID;
+
+        hr = IKsPropertySet_Get( pPropertySet,
+            &pawin_DSPROPSETID_DirectSoundDevice,
+            DSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUNDDEVICE_DESCRIPTION_W,
+            NULL,
+            0,
+            &Property,
+            sizeof(Property),
+            &BytesReturned
+        );
+
+        if( hr == S_OK )
+        {
+            //pnpInterface = Property.Interface;
+        }
+    */
+}
+#endif /* PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO */
+
+
+/*
+    GUIDs for emulated devices which we blacklist below.
+    are there more than two of them??
+*/
+
+GUID IID_IRolandVSCEmulated1 = {0xc2ad1800, 0xb243, 0x11ce, 0xa8, 0xa4, 0x00, 0xaa, 0x00, 0x6c, 0x45, 0x01};
+GUID IID_IRolandVSCEmulated2 = {0xc2ad1800, 0xb243, 0x11ce, 0xa8, 0xa4, 0x00, 0xaa, 0x00, 0x6c, 0x45, 0x02};
+
+
+#define PA_DEFAULTSAMPLERATESEARCHORDER_COUNT_  (13) /* must match array length below */
+static double defaultSampleRateSearchOrder_[] =
+    { 44100.0, 48000.0, 32000.0, 24000.0, 22050.0, 88200.0, 96000.0, 192000.0,
+        16000.0, 12000.0, 11025.0, 9600.0, 8000.0 };
+
+/************************************************************************************
+** Extract capabilities from an output device, and add it to the device info list
+** if successful. This function assumes that there is enough room in the
+** device info list to accommodate all entries.
+**
+** The device will not be added to the device list if any errors are encountered.
+*/
+static PaError AddOutputDeviceInfoFromDirectSound(
+        PaWinDsHostApiRepresentation *winDsHostApi, char *name, LPGUID lpGUID, char *pnpInterface )
+{
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation  *hostApi = &winDsHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep;
+    PaWinDsDeviceInfo            *winDsDeviceInfo = (PaWinDsDeviceInfo*) hostApi->deviceInfos[hostApi->info.deviceCount];
+    PaDeviceInfo                 *deviceInfo = &winDsDeviceInfo->inheritedDeviceInfo;
+    HRESULT                       hr;
+    LPDIRECTSOUND                 lpDirectSound;
+    DSCAPS                        caps;
+    int                           deviceOK = TRUE;
+    PaError                       result = paNoError;
+    int                           i;
+
+    /* Copy GUID to the device info structure. Set pointer. */
+    if( lpGUID == NULL )
+    {
+        winDsDeviceInfo->lpGUID = NULL;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        memcpy( &winDsDeviceInfo->guid, lpGUID, sizeof(GUID) );
+        winDsDeviceInfo->lpGUID = &winDsDeviceInfo->guid;
+    }
+
+    if( lpGUID )
+    {
+        if (IsEqualGUID (&IID_IRolandVSCEmulated1,lpGUID) ||
+            IsEqualGUID (&IID_IRolandVSCEmulated2,lpGUID) )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("BLACKLISTED: %s \n",name));
+            return paNoError;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Create a DirectSound object for the specified GUID
+        Note that using CoCreateInstance doesn't work on windows CE.
+    */
+    hr = paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCreate( lpGUID, &lpDirectSound, NULL );
+
+    /** try using CoCreateInstance because DirectSoundCreate was hanging under
+        some circumstances - note this was probably related to the
+        #define BOOL short bug which has now been fixed
+        @todo delete this comment and the following code once we've ensured
+        there is no bug.
+    */
+    /*
+    hr = CoCreateInstance( &CLSID_DirectSound, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
+            &IID_IDirectSound, (void**)&lpDirectSound );
+
+    if( hr == S_OK )
+    {
+        hr = IDirectSound_Initialize( lpDirectSound, lpGUID );
+    }
+    */
+
+    if( hr != DS_OK )
+    {
+        if (hr == DSERR_ALLOCATED)
+            PA_DEBUG(("AddOutputDeviceInfoFromDirectSound %s DSERR_ALLOCATED\n",name));
+        DBUG(("Cannot create DirectSound for %s. Result = 0x%x\n", name, hr ));
+        if (lpGUID)
+            DBUG(("%s's GUID: {0x%x,0x%x,0x%x,0x%x,0x%x,0x%x,0x%x,0x%x,0x%x,0x%x, 0x%x} \n",
+                 name,
+                 lpGUID->Data1,
+                 lpGUID->Data2,
+                 lpGUID->Data3,
+                 lpGUID->Data4[0],
+                 lpGUID->Data4[1],
+                 lpGUID->Data4[2],
+                 lpGUID->Data4[3],
+                 lpGUID->Data4[4],
+                 lpGUID->Data4[5],
+                 lpGUID->Data4[6],
+                 lpGUID->Data4[7]));
+
+        deviceOK = FALSE;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* Query device characteristics. */
+        memset( &caps, 0, sizeof(caps) );
+        caps.dwSize = sizeof(caps);
+        hr = IDirectSound_GetCaps( lpDirectSound, &caps );
+        if( hr != DS_OK )
+        {
+            DBUG(("Cannot GetCaps() for DirectSound device %s. Result = 0x%x\n", name, hr ));
+            deviceOK = FALSE;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+
+#if PA_USE_WMME
+            if( caps.dwFlags & DSCAPS_EMULDRIVER )
+            {
+                /* If WMME supported, then reject Emulated drivers because they are lousy. */
+                deviceOK = FALSE;
+            }
+#endif
+
+            if( deviceOK )
+            {
+                deviceInfo->maxInputChannels = 0;
+                winDsDeviceInfo->deviceInputChannelCountIsKnown = 1;
+
+                /* DS output capabilities only indicate supported number of channels
+                   using two flags which indicate mono and/or stereo.
+                   We assume that stereo devices may support more than 2 channels
+                   (as is the case with 5.1 devices for example) and so
+                   set deviceOutputChannelCountIsKnown to 0 (unknown).
+                   In this case OpenStream will try to open the device
+                   when the user requests more than 2 channels, rather than
+                   returning an error.
+                */
+                if( caps.dwFlags & DSCAPS_PRIMARYSTEREO )
+                {
+                    deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels = 2;
+                    winDsDeviceInfo->deviceOutputChannelCountIsKnown = 0;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels = 1;
+                    winDsDeviceInfo->deviceOutputChannelCountIsKnown = 1;
+                }
+
+                /* Guess channels count from speaker configuration. We do it only when
+                   pnpInterface is NULL or when PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO is undefined.
+                */
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO
+                if( !pnpInterface )
+#endif
+                {
+                    DWORD spkrcfg;
+                    if( SUCCEEDED(IDirectSound_GetSpeakerConfig( lpDirectSound, &spkrcfg )) )
+                    {
+                        int count = 0;
+                        switch (DSSPEAKER_CONFIG(spkrcfg))
+                        {
+                            case DSSPEAKER_HEADPHONE:        count = 2; break;
+                            case DSSPEAKER_MONO:             count = 1; break;
+                            case DSSPEAKER_QUAD:             count = 4; break;
+                            case DSSPEAKER_STEREO:           count = 2; break;
+                            case DSSPEAKER_SURROUND:         count = 4; break;
+                            case DSSPEAKER_5POINT1:          count = 6; break;
+#ifndef DSSPEAKER_7POINT1
+#define DSSPEAKER_7POINT1 0x00000007
+#endif
+                            case DSSPEAKER_7POINT1:          count = 8; break;
+#ifndef DSSPEAKER_7POINT1_SURROUND
+#define DSSPEAKER_7POINT1_SURROUND 0x00000008
+#endif
+                            case DSSPEAKER_7POINT1_SURROUND: count = 8; break;
+#ifndef DSSPEAKER_5POINT1_SURROUND
+#define DSSPEAKER_5POINT1_SURROUND 0x00000009
+#endif
+                            case DSSPEAKER_5POINT1_SURROUND: count = 6; break;
+                        }
+                        if( count )
+                        {
+                            deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels = count;
+                            winDsDeviceInfo->deviceOutputChannelCountIsKnown = 1;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO
+                if( pnpInterface )
+                {
+                    int count = PaWin_WDMKS_QueryFilterMaximumChannelCount( pnpInterface, /* isInput= */ 0  );
+                    if( count > 0 )
+                    {
+                        deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels = count;
+                        winDsDeviceInfo->deviceOutputChannelCountIsKnown = 1;
+                    }
+                }
+#endif /* PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO */
+
+                /* initialize defaultSampleRate */
+
+                if( caps.dwFlags & DSCAPS_CONTINUOUSRATE )
+                {
+                    /* initialize to caps.dwMaxSecondarySampleRate incase none of the standard rates match */
+                    deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = caps.dwMaxSecondarySampleRate;
+
+                    for( i = 0; i < PA_DEFAULTSAMPLERATESEARCHORDER_COUNT_; ++i )
+                    {
+                        if( defaultSampleRateSearchOrder_[i] >= caps.dwMinSecondarySampleRate
+                                && defaultSampleRateSearchOrder_[i] <= caps.dwMaxSecondarySampleRate )
+                        {
+                            deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = defaultSampleRateSearchOrder_[i];
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                else if( caps.dwMinSecondarySampleRate == caps.dwMaxSecondarySampleRate )
+                {
+                    if( caps.dwMinSecondarySampleRate == 0 )
+                    {
+                        /*
+                        ** On my Thinkpad 380Z, DirectSoundV6 returns min-max=0 !!
+                        ** But it supports continuous sampling.
+                        ** So fake range of rates, and hope it really supports it.
+                        */
+                        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 48000.0f;  /* assume 48000 as the default */
+
+                        DBUG(("PA - Reported rates both zero. Setting to fake values for device #%s\n", name ));
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = caps.dwMaxSecondarySampleRate;
+                    }
+                }
+                else if( (caps.dwMinSecondarySampleRate < 1000.0) && (caps.dwMaxSecondarySampleRate > 50000.0) )
+                {
+                    /* The EWS88MT drivers lie, lie, lie. The say they only support two rates, 100 & 100000.
+                    ** But we know that they really support a range of rates!
+                    ** So when we see a ridiculous set of rates, assume it is a range.
+                    */
+                  deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 48000.0f;  /* assume 48000 as the default */
+                  DBUG(("PA - Sample rate range used instead of two odd values for device #%s\n", name ));
+                }
+                else deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = caps.dwMaxSecondarySampleRate;
+
+                //printf( "min %d max %d\n", caps.dwMinSecondarySampleRate, caps.dwMaxSecondarySampleRate );
+                // dwFlags | DSCAPS_CONTINUOUSRATE
+
+                deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency = 0.;
+                deviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency = 0.;
+
+                deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency = PaWinDs_GetMinLatencySeconds( deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate );
+                deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency = deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency * 2;
+            }
+        }
+
+        IDirectSound_Release( lpDirectSound );
+    }
+
+    if( deviceOK )
+    {
+        deviceInfo->name = name;
+
+        if( lpGUID == NULL )
+            hostApi->info.defaultOutputDevice = hostApi->info.deviceCount;
+
+        hostApi->info.deviceCount++;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/************************************************************************************
+** Extract capabilities from an input device, and add it to the device info list
+** if successful. This function assumes that there is enough room in the
+** device info list to accommodate all entries.
+**
+** The device will not be added to the device list if any errors are encountered.
+*/
+static PaError AddInputDeviceInfoFromDirectSoundCapture(
+        PaWinDsHostApiRepresentation *winDsHostApi, char *name, LPGUID lpGUID, char *pnpInterface )
+{
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation  *hostApi = &winDsHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep;
+    PaWinDsDeviceInfo            *winDsDeviceInfo = (PaWinDsDeviceInfo*) hostApi->deviceInfos[hostApi->info.deviceCount];
+    PaDeviceInfo                 *deviceInfo = &winDsDeviceInfo->inheritedDeviceInfo;
+    HRESULT                       hr;
+    LPDIRECTSOUNDCAPTURE          lpDirectSoundCapture;
+    DSCCAPS                       caps;
+    int                           deviceOK = TRUE;
+    PaError                       result = paNoError;
+
+    /* Copy GUID to the device info structure. Set pointer. */
+    if( lpGUID == NULL )
+    {
+        winDsDeviceInfo->lpGUID = NULL;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        winDsDeviceInfo->lpGUID = &winDsDeviceInfo->guid;
+        memcpy( &winDsDeviceInfo->guid, lpGUID, sizeof(GUID) );
+    }
+
+    hr = paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCaptureCreate( lpGUID, &lpDirectSoundCapture, NULL );
+
+    /** try using CoCreateInstance because DirectSoundCreate was hanging under
+        some circumstances - note this was probably related to the
+        #define BOOL short bug which has now been fixed
+        @todo delete this comment and the following code once we've ensured
+        there is no bug.
+    */
+    /*
+    hr = CoCreateInstance( &CLSID_DirectSoundCapture, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
+            &IID_IDirectSoundCapture, (void**)&lpDirectSoundCapture );
+    */
+    if( hr != DS_OK )
+    {
+        DBUG(("Cannot create Capture for %s. Result = 0x%x\n", name, hr ));
+        deviceOK = FALSE;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* Query device characteristics. */
+        memset( &caps, 0, sizeof(caps) );
+        caps.dwSize = sizeof(caps);
+        hr = IDirectSoundCapture_GetCaps( lpDirectSoundCapture, &caps );
+        if( hr != DS_OK )
+        {
+            DBUG(("Cannot GetCaps() for Capture device %s. Result = 0x%x\n", name, hr ));
+            deviceOK = FALSE;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+#if PA_USE_WMME
+            if( caps.dwFlags & DSCAPS_EMULDRIVER )
+            {
+                /* If WMME supported, then reject Emulated drivers because they are lousy. */
+                deviceOK = FALSE;
+            }
+#endif
+
+            if( deviceOK )
+            {
+                deviceInfo->maxInputChannels = caps.dwChannels;
+                winDsDeviceInfo->deviceInputChannelCountIsKnown = 1;
+
+                deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels = 0;
+                winDsDeviceInfo->deviceOutputChannelCountIsKnown = 1;
+
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO
+                if( pnpInterface )
+                {
+                    int count = PaWin_WDMKS_QueryFilterMaximumChannelCount( pnpInterface, /* isInput= */ 1  );
+                    if( count > 0 )
+                    {
+                        deviceInfo->maxInputChannels = count;
+                        winDsDeviceInfo->deviceInputChannelCountIsKnown = 1;
+                    }
+                }
+#endif /* PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO */
+
+/*  constants from a WINE patch by Francois Gouget, see:
+    http://www.winehq.com/hypermail/wine-patches/2003/01/0290.html
+
+    ---
+    Date: Fri, 14 May 2004 10:38:12 +0200 (CEST)
+    From: Francois Gouget <fgouget@ ... .fr>
+    To: Ross Bencina <rbencina@ ... .au>
+    Subject: Re: Permission to use wine 48/96 wave patch in BSD licensed library
+
+    [snip]
+
+    I give you permission to use the patch below under the BSD license.
+    http://www.winehq.com/hypermail/wine-patches/2003/01/0290.html
+
+    [snip]
+*/
+#ifndef WAVE_FORMAT_48M08
+#define WAVE_FORMAT_48M08      0x00001000    /* 48     kHz, Mono,   8-bit  */
+#define WAVE_FORMAT_48S08      0x00002000    /* 48     kHz, Stereo, 8-bit  */
+#define WAVE_FORMAT_48M16      0x00004000    /* 48     kHz, Mono,   16-bit */
+#define WAVE_FORMAT_48S16      0x00008000    /* 48     kHz, Stereo, 16-bit */
+#define WAVE_FORMAT_96M08      0x00010000    /* 96     kHz, Mono,   8-bit  */
+#define WAVE_FORMAT_96S08      0x00020000    /* 96     kHz, Stereo, 8-bit  */
+#define WAVE_FORMAT_96M16      0x00040000    /* 96     kHz, Mono,   16-bit */
+#define WAVE_FORMAT_96S16      0x00080000    /* 96     kHz, Stereo, 16-bit */
+#endif
+
+                /* defaultSampleRate */
+                if( caps.dwChannels == 2 )
+                {
+                    if( caps.dwFormats & WAVE_FORMAT_4S16 )
+                        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 44100.0;
+                    else if( caps.dwFormats & WAVE_FORMAT_48S16 )
+                        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 48000.0;
+                    else if( caps.dwFormats & WAVE_FORMAT_2S16 )
+                        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 22050.0;
+                    else if( caps.dwFormats & WAVE_FORMAT_1S16 )
+                        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 11025.0;
+                    else if( caps.dwFormats & WAVE_FORMAT_96S16 )
+                        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 96000.0;
+                    else
+                        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 48000.0; /* assume 48000 as the default */
+                }
+                else if( caps.dwChannels == 1 )
+                {
+                    if( caps.dwFormats & WAVE_FORMAT_4M16 )
+                        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 44100.0;
+                    else if( caps.dwFormats & WAVE_FORMAT_48M16 )
+                        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 48000.0;
+                    else if( caps.dwFormats & WAVE_FORMAT_2M16 )
+                        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 22050.0;
+                    else if( caps.dwFormats & WAVE_FORMAT_1M16 )
+                        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 11025.0;
+                    else if( caps.dwFormats & WAVE_FORMAT_96M16 )
+                        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 96000.0;
+                    else
+                        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 48000.0; /* assume 48000 as the default */
+                }
+                else deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 48000.0; /* assume 48000 as the default */
+
+                deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency = PaWinDs_GetMinLatencySeconds( deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate );
+                deviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency = deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency * 2;
+
+                deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency = 0.;
+                deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency = 0.;
+            }
+        }
+
+        IDirectSoundCapture_Release( lpDirectSoundCapture );
+    }
+
+    if( deviceOK )
+    {
+        deviceInfo->name = name;
+
+        if( lpGUID == NULL )
+            hostApi->info.defaultInputDevice = hostApi->info.deviceCount;
+
+        hostApi->info.deviceCount++;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/***********************************************************************************/
+PaError PaWinDs_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex hostApiIndex )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    int i, deviceCount;
+    PaWinDsHostApiRepresentation *winDsHostApi;
+    DSDeviceNamesAndGUIDs deviceNamesAndGUIDs;
+    PaWinDsDeviceInfo *deviceInfoArray;
+
+    PaWinDs_InitializeDSoundEntryPoints();
+
+    /* initialise guid vectors so they can be safely deleted on error */
+    deviceNamesAndGUIDs.winDsHostApi = NULL;
+    deviceNamesAndGUIDs.inputNamesAndGUIDs.items = NULL;
+    deviceNamesAndGUIDs.outputNamesAndGUIDs.items = NULL;
+
+    winDsHostApi = (PaWinDsHostApiRepresentation*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaWinDsHostApiRepresentation) );
+    if( !winDsHostApi )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    memset( winDsHostApi, 0, sizeof(PaWinDsHostApiRepresentation) ); /* ensure all fields are zeroed. especially winDsHostApi->allocations */
+
+    result = PaWinUtil_CoInitialize( paDirectSound, &winDsHostApi->comInitializationResult );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+    {
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    winDsHostApi->allocations = PaUtil_CreateAllocationGroup();
+    if( !winDsHostApi->allocations )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    *hostApi = &winDsHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep;
+    (*hostApi)->info.structVersion = 1;
+    (*hostApi)->info.type = paDirectSound;
+    (*hostApi)->info.name = "Windows DirectSound";
+
+    (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount = 0;
+    (*hostApi)->info.defaultInputDevice = paNoDevice;
+    (*hostApi)->info.defaultOutputDevice = paNoDevice;
+
+
+/* DSound - enumerate devices to count them and to gather their GUIDs */
+
+    result = InitializeDSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector( &deviceNamesAndGUIDs.inputNamesAndGUIDs, winDsHostApi->allocations );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    result = InitializeDSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector( &deviceNamesAndGUIDs.outputNamesAndGUIDs, winDsHostApi->allocations );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCaptureEnumerateW( (LPDSENUMCALLBACKW)CollectGUIDsProcW, (void *)&deviceNamesAndGUIDs.inputNamesAndGUIDs );
+
+    paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundEnumerateW( (LPDSENUMCALLBACKW)CollectGUIDsProcW, (void *)&deviceNamesAndGUIDs.outputNamesAndGUIDs );
+
+    if( deviceNamesAndGUIDs.inputNamesAndGUIDs.enumerationError != paNoError )
+    {
+        result = deviceNamesAndGUIDs.inputNamesAndGUIDs.enumerationError;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    if( deviceNamesAndGUIDs.outputNamesAndGUIDs.enumerationError != paNoError )
+    {
+        result = deviceNamesAndGUIDs.outputNamesAndGUIDs.enumerationError;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    deviceCount = deviceNamesAndGUIDs.inputNamesAndGUIDs.count + deviceNamesAndGUIDs.outputNamesAndGUIDs.count;
+
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO
+    if( deviceCount > 0 )
+    {
+        deviceNamesAndGUIDs.winDsHostApi = winDsHostApi;
+        FindDevicePnpInterfaces( &deviceNamesAndGUIDs );
+    }
+#endif /* PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO */
+
+    if( deviceCount > 0 )
+    {
+        /* allocate array for pointers to PaDeviceInfo structs */
+        (*hostApi)->deviceInfos = (PaDeviceInfo**)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                winDsHostApi->allocations, sizeof(PaDeviceInfo*) * deviceCount );
+        if( !(*hostApi)->deviceInfos )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* allocate all PaDeviceInfo structs in a contiguous block */
+        deviceInfoArray = (PaWinDsDeviceInfo*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                winDsHostApi->allocations, sizeof(PaWinDsDeviceInfo) * deviceCount );
+        if( !deviceInfoArray )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        for( i=0; i < deviceCount; ++i )
+        {
+            PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo = &deviceInfoArray[i].inheritedDeviceInfo;
+            deviceInfo->structVersion = 2;
+            deviceInfo->hostApi = hostApiIndex;
+            deviceInfo->name = 0;
+            (*hostApi)->deviceInfos[i] = deviceInfo;
+        }
+
+        for( i=0; i < deviceNamesAndGUIDs.inputNamesAndGUIDs.count; ++i )
+        {
+            result = AddInputDeviceInfoFromDirectSoundCapture( winDsHostApi,
+                    deviceNamesAndGUIDs.inputNamesAndGUIDs.items[i].name,
+                    deviceNamesAndGUIDs.inputNamesAndGUIDs.items[i].lpGUID,
+                    deviceNamesAndGUIDs.inputNamesAndGUIDs.items[i].pnpInterface );
+            if( result != paNoError )
+                goto error;
+        }
+
+        for( i=0; i < deviceNamesAndGUIDs.outputNamesAndGUIDs.count; ++i )
+        {
+            result = AddOutputDeviceInfoFromDirectSound( winDsHostApi,
+                    deviceNamesAndGUIDs.outputNamesAndGUIDs.items[i].name,
+                    deviceNamesAndGUIDs.outputNamesAndGUIDs.items[i].lpGUID,
+                    deviceNamesAndGUIDs.outputNamesAndGUIDs.items[i].pnpInterface );
+            if( result != paNoError )
+                goto error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    result = TerminateDSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector( &deviceNamesAndGUIDs.inputNamesAndGUIDs );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    result = TerminateDSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector( &deviceNamesAndGUIDs.outputNamesAndGUIDs );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+
+    (*hostApi)->Terminate = Terminate;
+    (*hostApi)->OpenStream = OpenStream;
+    (*hostApi)->IsFormatSupported = IsFormatSupported;
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( &winDsHostApi->callbackStreamInterface, CloseStream, StartStream,
+                                      StopStream, AbortStream, IsStreamStopped, IsStreamActive,
+                                      GetStreamTime, GetStreamCpuLoad,
+                                      PaUtil_DummyRead, PaUtil_DummyWrite,
+                                      PaUtil_DummyGetReadAvailable, PaUtil_DummyGetWriteAvailable );
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( &winDsHostApi->blockingStreamInterface, CloseStream, StartStream,
+                                      StopStream, AbortStream, IsStreamStopped, IsStreamActive,
+                                      GetStreamTime, PaUtil_DummyGetCpuLoad,
+                                      ReadStream, WriteStream, GetStreamReadAvailable, GetStreamWriteAvailable );
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    TerminateDSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector( &deviceNamesAndGUIDs.inputNamesAndGUIDs );
+    TerminateDSDeviceNameAndGUIDVector( &deviceNamesAndGUIDs.outputNamesAndGUIDs );
+
+    Terminate( (struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *)winDsHostApi );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/***********************************************************************************/
+static void Terminate( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi )
+{
+    PaWinDsHostApiRepresentation *winDsHostApi = (PaWinDsHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+
+    if( winDsHostApi ){
+        if( winDsHostApi->allocations )
+        {
+            PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations( winDsHostApi->allocations );
+            PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup( winDsHostApi->allocations );
+        }
+
+        PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize( paDirectSound, &winDsHostApi->comInitializationResult );
+
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( winDsHostApi );
+    }
+
+    PaWinDs_TerminateDSoundEntryPoints();
+}
+
+static PaError ValidateWinDirectSoundSpecificStreamInfo(
+        const PaStreamParameters *streamParameters,
+        const PaWinDirectSoundStreamInfo *streamInfo )
+{
+    if( streamInfo )
+    {
+        if( streamInfo->size != sizeof( PaWinDirectSoundStreamInfo )
+                || streamInfo->version != 2 )
+        {
+            return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        }
+
+        if( streamInfo->flags & paWinDirectSoundUseLowLevelLatencyParameters )
+        {
+            if( streamInfo->framesPerBuffer <= 0 )
+                return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************************/
+static PaError IsFormatSupported( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                  double sampleRate )
+{
+    PaError result;
+    PaWinDsDeviceInfo *inputWinDsDeviceInfo, *outputWinDsDeviceInfo;
+    PaDeviceInfo *inputDeviceInfo, *outputDeviceInfo;
+    int inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount;
+    PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat, outputSampleFormat;
+    PaWinDirectSoundStreamInfo *inputStreamInfo, *outputStreamInfo;
+
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        inputWinDsDeviceInfo = (PaWinDsDeviceInfo*) hostApi->deviceInfos[ inputParameters->device ];
+        inputDeviceInfo = &inputWinDsDeviceInfo->inheritedDeviceInfo;
+
+        inputChannelCount = inputParameters->channelCount;
+        inputSampleFormat = inputParameters->sampleFormat;
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+
+        if( inputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        /* check that input device can support inputChannelCount */
+        if( inputWinDsDeviceInfo->deviceInputChannelCountIsKnown
+                && inputChannelCount > inputDeviceInfo->maxInputChannels )
+            return paInvalidChannelCount;
+
+        /* validate inputStreamInfo */
+        inputStreamInfo = (PaWinDirectSoundStreamInfo*)inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        result = ValidateWinDirectSoundSpecificStreamInfo( inputParameters, inputStreamInfo );
+        if( result != paNoError ) return result;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        outputWinDsDeviceInfo = (PaWinDsDeviceInfo*) hostApi->deviceInfos[ outputParameters->device ];
+        outputDeviceInfo = &outputWinDsDeviceInfo->inheritedDeviceInfo;
+
+        outputChannelCount = outputParameters->channelCount;
+        outputSampleFormat = outputParameters->sampleFormat;
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+
+        if( outputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        /* check that output device can support inputChannelCount */
+        if( outputWinDsDeviceInfo->deviceOutputChannelCountIsKnown
+                && outputChannelCount > outputDeviceInfo->maxOutputChannels )
+            return paInvalidChannelCount;
+
+        /* validate outputStreamInfo */
+        outputStreamInfo = (PaWinDirectSoundStreamInfo*)outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        result = ValidateWinDirectSoundSpecificStreamInfo( outputParameters, outputStreamInfo );
+        if( result != paNoError ) return result;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = 0;
+    }
+
+    /*
+        IMPLEMENT ME:
+
+            - if a full duplex stream is requested, check that the combination
+                of input and output parameters is supported if necessary
+
+            - check that the device supports sampleRate
+
+        Because the buffer adapter handles conversion between all standard
+        sample formats, the following checks are only required if paCustomFormat
+        is implemented, or under some other unusual conditions.
+
+            - check that input device can support inputSampleFormat, or that
+                we have the capability to convert from outputSampleFormat to
+                a native format
+
+            - check that output device can support outputSampleFormat, or that
+                we have the capability to convert from outputSampleFormat to
+                a native format
+    */
+
+    return paFormatIsSupported;
+}
+
+
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_DIRECTSOUNDFULLDUPLEXCREATE
+static HRESULT InitFullDuplexInputOutputBuffers( PaWinDsStream *stream,
+                                       PaWinDsDeviceInfo *inputDevice,
+                                       PaSampleFormat hostInputSampleFormat,
+                                       WORD inputChannelCount,
+                                       int bytesPerInputBuffer,
+                                       PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask inputChannelMask,
+                                       PaWinDsDeviceInfo *outputDevice,
+                                       PaSampleFormat hostOutputSampleFormat,
+                                       WORD outputChannelCount,
+                                       int bytesPerOutputBuffer,
+                                       PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask outputChannelMask,
+                                       unsigned long nFrameRate
+                                        )
+{
+    HRESULT hr;
+    DSCBUFFERDESC  captureDesc;
+    PaWinWaveFormat captureWaveFormat;
+    DSBUFFERDESC   secondaryRenderDesc;
+    PaWinWaveFormat renderWaveFormat;
+    LPDIRECTSOUNDBUFFER8 pRenderBuffer8;
+    LPDIRECTSOUNDCAPTUREBUFFER8 pCaptureBuffer8;
+
+    // capture buffer description
+
+    // only try wave format extensible. assume it's available on all ds 8 systems
+    PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatExtensible( &captureWaveFormat, inputChannelCount,
+                hostInputSampleFormat, PaWin_SampleFormatToLinearWaveFormatTag( hostInputSampleFormat ),
+                nFrameRate, inputChannelMask );
+
+    ZeroMemory(&captureDesc, sizeof(DSCBUFFERDESC));
+    captureDesc.dwSize = sizeof(DSCBUFFERDESC);
+    captureDesc.dwFlags = 0;
+    captureDesc.dwBufferBytes = bytesPerInputBuffer;
+    captureDesc.lpwfxFormat = (WAVEFORMATEX*)&captureWaveFormat;
+
+    // render buffer description
+
+    PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatExtensible( &renderWaveFormat, outputChannelCount,
+                hostOutputSampleFormat, PaWin_SampleFormatToLinearWaveFormatTag( hostOutputSampleFormat ),
+                nFrameRate, outputChannelMask );
+
+    ZeroMemory(&secondaryRenderDesc, sizeof(DSBUFFERDESC));
+    secondaryRenderDesc.dwSize = sizeof(DSBUFFERDESC);
+    secondaryRenderDesc.dwFlags = DSBCAPS_GLOBALFOCUS | DSBCAPS_GETCURRENTPOSITION2;
+    secondaryRenderDesc.dwBufferBytes = bytesPerOutputBuffer;
+    secondaryRenderDesc.lpwfxFormat = (WAVEFORMATEX*)&renderWaveFormat;
+
+    /* note that we don't create a primary buffer here at all */
+
+    hr = paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundFullDuplexCreate8(
+            inputDevice->lpGUID, outputDevice->lpGUID,
+            &captureDesc, &secondaryRenderDesc,
+            GetDesktopWindow(), /* see InitOutputBuffer() for a discussion of whether this is a good idea */
+            DSSCL_EXCLUSIVE,
+            &stream->pDirectSoundFullDuplex8,
+            &pCaptureBuffer8,
+            &pRenderBuffer8,
+            NULL /* pUnkOuter must be NULL */
+        );
+
+    if( hr == DS_OK )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("DirectSoundFullDuplexCreate succeeded!\n"));
+
+        /* retrieve the pre ds 8 buffer interfaces which are used by the rest of the code */
+
+        hr = IUnknown_QueryInterface( pCaptureBuffer8, &IID_IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer, (LPVOID *)&stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer );
+
+        if( hr == DS_OK )
+            hr = IUnknown_QueryInterface( pRenderBuffer8, &IID_IDirectSoundBuffer, (LPVOID *)&stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer );
+
+        /* release the ds 8 interfaces, we don't need them */
+        IUnknown_Release( pCaptureBuffer8 );
+        IUnknown_Release( pRenderBuffer8 );
+
+        if( !stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer || !stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer ){
+            /* couldn't get pre ds 8 interfaces for some reason. clean up. */
+            if( stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer )
+            {
+                IUnknown_Release( stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer );
+                stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer = NULL;
+            }
+
+            if( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer )
+            {
+                IUnknown_Release( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer );
+                stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer = NULL;
+            }
+
+            IUnknown_Release( stream->pDirectSoundFullDuplex8 );
+            stream->pDirectSoundFullDuplex8 = NULL;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("DirectSoundFullDuplexCreate failed. hr=%d\n", hr));
+    }
+
+    return hr;
+}
+#endif /* PAWIN_USE_DIRECTSOUNDFULLDUPLEXCREATE */
+
+
+static HRESULT InitInputBuffer( PaWinDsStream *stream,
+                               PaWinDsDeviceInfo *device,
+                               PaSampleFormat sampleFormat,
+                               unsigned long nFrameRate,
+                               WORD nChannels,
+                               int bytesPerBuffer,
+                               PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask channelMask )
+{
+    DSCBUFFERDESC  captureDesc;
+    PaWinWaveFormat waveFormat;
+    HRESULT        result;
+
+    if( (result = paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCaptureCreate(
+            device->lpGUID, &stream->pDirectSoundCapture, NULL) ) != DS_OK ){
+        ERR_RPT(("PortAudio: DirectSoundCaptureCreate() failed!\n"));
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    // Setup the secondary buffer description
+    ZeroMemory(&captureDesc, sizeof(DSCBUFFERDESC));
+    captureDesc.dwSize = sizeof(DSCBUFFERDESC);
+    captureDesc.dwFlags = 0;
+    captureDesc.dwBufferBytes = bytesPerBuffer;
+    captureDesc.lpwfxFormat = (WAVEFORMATEX*)&waveFormat;
+
+    // Create the capture buffer
+
+    // first try WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE. if this fails, fall back to WAVEFORMATEX
+    PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatExtensible( &waveFormat, nChannels,
+                sampleFormat, PaWin_SampleFormatToLinearWaveFormatTag( sampleFormat ),
+                nFrameRate, channelMask );
+
+    if( IDirectSoundCapture_CreateCaptureBuffer( stream->pDirectSoundCapture,
+                  &captureDesc, &stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer, NULL) != DS_OK )
+    {
+        PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatEx( &waveFormat, nChannels, sampleFormat,
+                PaWin_SampleFormatToLinearWaveFormatTag( sampleFormat ), nFrameRate );
+
+        if ((result = IDirectSoundCapture_CreateCaptureBuffer( stream->pDirectSoundCapture,
+                    &captureDesc, &stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer, NULL)) != DS_OK) return result;
+    }
+
+    stream->readOffset = 0;  // reset last read position to start of buffer
+    return DS_OK;
+}
+
+
+static HRESULT InitOutputBuffer( PaWinDsStream *stream, PaWinDsDeviceInfo *device,
+                                PaSampleFormat sampleFormat, unsigned long nFrameRate,
+                                WORD nChannels, int bytesPerBuffer,
+                                PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask channelMask )
+{
+    HRESULT        result;
+    HWND           hWnd;
+    HRESULT        hr;
+    PaWinWaveFormat waveFormat;
+    DSBUFFERDESC   primaryDesc;
+    DSBUFFERDESC   secondaryDesc;
+
+    if( (hr = paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCreate(
+                device->lpGUID, &stream->pDirectSound, NULL )) != DS_OK ){
+        ERR_RPT(("PortAudio: DirectSoundCreate() failed!\n"));
+        return hr;
+    }
+
+    // We were using getForegroundWindow() but sometimes the ForegroundWindow may not be the
+    // applications's window. Also if that window is closed before the Buffer is closed
+    // then DirectSound can crash. (Thanks for Scott Patterson for reporting this.)
+    // So we will use GetDesktopWindow() which was suggested by Miller Puckette.
+    // hWnd = GetForegroundWindow();
+    //
+    //  FIXME: The example code I have on the net creates a hidden window that
+    //      is managed by our code - I think we should do that - one hidden
+    //      window for the whole of Pa_DS
+    //
+    hWnd = GetDesktopWindow();
+
+    // Set cooperative level to DSSCL_EXCLUSIVE so that we can get 16 bit output, 44.1 KHz.
+    // exclusive also prevents unexpected sounds from other apps during a performance.
+    if ((hr = IDirectSound_SetCooperativeLevel( stream->pDirectSound,
+              hWnd, DSSCL_EXCLUSIVE)) != DS_OK)
+    {
+        return hr;
+    }
+
+    // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Create primary buffer and set format just so we can specify our custom format.
+    // Otherwise we would be stuck with the default which might be 8 bit or 22050 Hz.
+    // Setup the primary buffer description
+    ZeroMemory(&primaryDesc, sizeof(DSBUFFERDESC));
+    primaryDesc.dwSize        = sizeof(DSBUFFERDESC);
+    primaryDesc.dwFlags       = DSBCAPS_PRIMARYBUFFER; // all panning, mixing, etc done by synth
+    primaryDesc.dwBufferBytes = 0;
+    primaryDesc.lpwfxFormat   = NULL;
+    // Create the buffer
+    if ((result = IDirectSound_CreateSoundBuffer( stream->pDirectSound,
+                  &primaryDesc, &stream->pDirectSoundPrimaryBuffer, NULL)) != DS_OK)
+        goto error;
+
+    // Set the primary buffer's format
+
+    // first try WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE. if this fails, fall back to WAVEFORMATEX
+    PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatExtensible( &waveFormat, nChannels,
+                sampleFormat, PaWin_SampleFormatToLinearWaveFormatTag( sampleFormat ),
+                nFrameRate, channelMask );
+
+    if( IDirectSoundBuffer_SetFormat( stream->pDirectSoundPrimaryBuffer, (WAVEFORMATEX*)&waveFormat) != DS_OK )
+    {
+        PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatEx( &waveFormat, nChannels, sampleFormat,
+                PaWin_SampleFormatToLinearWaveFormatTag( sampleFormat ), nFrameRate );
+
+        if((result = IDirectSoundBuffer_SetFormat( stream->pDirectSoundPrimaryBuffer, (WAVEFORMATEX*)&waveFormat)) != DS_OK)
+            goto error;
+    }
+
+    // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Setup the secondary buffer description
+    ZeroMemory(&secondaryDesc, sizeof(DSBUFFERDESC));
+    secondaryDesc.dwSize = sizeof(DSBUFFERDESC);
+    secondaryDesc.dwFlags = DSBCAPS_GLOBALFOCUS | DSBCAPS_GETCURRENTPOSITION2;
+    secondaryDesc.dwBufferBytes = bytesPerBuffer;
+    secondaryDesc.lpwfxFormat = (WAVEFORMATEX*)&waveFormat; /* waveFormat contains whatever format was negotiated for the primary buffer above */
+    // Create the secondary buffer
+    if ((result = IDirectSound_CreateSoundBuffer( stream->pDirectSound,
+                  &secondaryDesc, &stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer, NULL)) != DS_OK)
+        goto error;
+
+    return DS_OK;
+
+error:
+
+    if( stream->pDirectSoundPrimaryBuffer )
+    {
+        IDirectSoundBuffer_Release( stream->pDirectSoundPrimaryBuffer );
+        stream->pDirectSoundPrimaryBuffer = NULL;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static void CalculateBufferSettings( unsigned long *hostBufferSizeFrames,
+                                    unsigned long *pollingPeriodFrames,
+                                    int isFullDuplex,
+                                    unsigned long suggestedInputLatencyFrames,
+                                    unsigned long suggestedOutputLatencyFrames,
+                                    double sampleRate, unsigned long userFramesPerBuffer )
+{
+    unsigned long minimumPollingPeriodFrames = (unsigned long)(sampleRate * PA_DS_MINIMUM_POLLING_PERIOD_SECONDS);
+    unsigned long maximumPollingPeriodFrames = (unsigned long)(sampleRate * PA_DS_MAXIMUM_POLLING_PERIOD_SECONDS);
+    unsigned long pollingJitterFrames = (unsigned long)(sampleRate * PA_DS_POLLING_JITTER_SECONDS);
+
+    if( userFramesPerBuffer == paFramesPerBufferUnspecified )
+    {
+        unsigned long targetBufferingLatencyFrames = max( suggestedInputLatencyFrames, suggestedOutputLatencyFrames );
+
+        *pollingPeriodFrames = targetBufferingLatencyFrames / 4;
+        if( *pollingPeriodFrames < minimumPollingPeriodFrames )
+        {
+            *pollingPeriodFrames = minimumPollingPeriodFrames;
+        }
+        else if( *pollingPeriodFrames > maximumPollingPeriodFrames )
+        {
+            *pollingPeriodFrames = maximumPollingPeriodFrames;
+        }
+
+        *hostBufferSizeFrames = *pollingPeriodFrames
+                + max( *pollingPeriodFrames + pollingJitterFrames, targetBufferingLatencyFrames);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        unsigned long targetBufferingLatencyFrames = suggestedInputLatencyFrames;
+        if( isFullDuplex )
+        {
+            /* In full duplex streams we know that the buffer adapter adds userFramesPerBuffer
+               extra fixed latency. so we subtract it here as a fixed latency before computing
+               the buffer size. being careful not to produce an unrepresentable negative result.
+
+               Note: this only works as expected if output latency is greater than input latency.
+               Otherwise we use input latency anyway since we do max(in,out).
+            */
+
+            if( userFramesPerBuffer < suggestedOutputLatencyFrames )
+            {
+                unsigned long adjustedSuggestedOutputLatencyFrames =
+                        suggestedOutputLatencyFrames - userFramesPerBuffer;
+
+                /* maximum of input and adjusted output suggested latency */
+                if( adjustedSuggestedOutputLatencyFrames > targetBufferingLatencyFrames )
+                    targetBufferingLatencyFrames = adjustedSuggestedOutputLatencyFrames;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            /* maximum of input and output suggested latency */
+            if( suggestedOutputLatencyFrames > suggestedInputLatencyFrames )
+                targetBufferingLatencyFrames = suggestedOutputLatencyFrames;
+        }
+
+        *hostBufferSizeFrames = userFramesPerBuffer
+                + max( userFramesPerBuffer + pollingJitterFrames, targetBufferingLatencyFrames);
+
+        *pollingPeriodFrames = max( max(1, userFramesPerBuffer / 4), targetBufferingLatencyFrames / 16 );
+
+        if( *pollingPeriodFrames > maximumPollingPeriodFrames )
+        {
+            *pollingPeriodFrames = maximumPollingPeriodFrames;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void CalculatePollingPeriodFrames( unsigned long hostBufferSizeFrames,
+                                    unsigned long *pollingPeriodFrames,
+                                    double sampleRate, unsigned long userFramesPerBuffer )
+{
+    unsigned long minimumPollingPeriodFrames = (unsigned long)(sampleRate * PA_DS_MINIMUM_POLLING_PERIOD_SECONDS);
+    unsigned long maximumPollingPeriodFrames = (unsigned long)(sampleRate * PA_DS_MAXIMUM_POLLING_PERIOD_SECONDS);
+    unsigned long pollingJitterFrames = (unsigned long)(sampleRate * PA_DS_POLLING_JITTER_SECONDS);
+
+    *pollingPeriodFrames = max( max(1, userFramesPerBuffer / 4), hostBufferSizeFrames / 16 );
+
+    if( *pollingPeriodFrames > maximumPollingPeriodFrames )
+    {
+        *pollingPeriodFrames = maximumPollingPeriodFrames;
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void SetStreamInfoLatencies( PaWinDsStream *stream,
+                                   unsigned long userFramesPerBuffer,
+                                   unsigned long pollingPeriodFrames,
+                                   double sampleRate )
+{
+    /* compute the stream info actual latencies based on framesPerBuffer, polling period, hostBufferSizeFrames,
+    and the configuration of the buffer processor */
+
+    unsigned long effectiveFramesPerBuffer = (userFramesPerBuffer == paFramesPerBufferUnspecified)
+                                             ? pollingPeriodFrames
+                                             : userFramesPerBuffer;
+
+    if( stream->bufferProcessor.inputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        /* stream info input latency is the minimum buffering latency
+           (unlike suggested and default which are *maximums*) */
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.inputLatency =
+                (double)(PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor)
+                    + effectiveFramesPerBuffer) / sampleRate;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.inputLatency = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( stream->bufferProcessor.outputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency =
+                (double)(PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor)
+                    + (stream->hostBufferSizeFrames - effectiveFramesPerBuffer)) / sampleRate;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+
+/***********************************************************************************/
+/* see pa_hostapi.h for a list of validity guarantees made about OpenStream parameters */
+
+static PaError OpenStream( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                           PaStream** s,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                           double sampleRate,
+                           unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                           PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                           PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                           void *userData )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaWinDsHostApiRepresentation *winDsHostApi = (PaWinDsHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    PaWinDsStream *stream = 0;
+    int bufferProcessorIsInitialized = 0;
+    int streamRepresentationIsInitialized = 0;
+    PaWinDsDeviceInfo *inputWinDsDeviceInfo, *outputWinDsDeviceInfo;
+    PaDeviceInfo *inputDeviceInfo, *outputDeviceInfo;
+    int inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount;
+    PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat, outputSampleFormat;
+    PaSampleFormat hostInputSampleFormat, hostOutputSampleFormat;
+    int userRequestedHostInputBufferSizeFrames = 0;
+    int userRequestedHostOutputBufferSizeFrames = 0;
+    unsigned long suggestedInputLatencyFrames, suggestedOutputLatencyFrames;
+    PaWinDirectSoundStreamInfo *inputStreamInfo, *outputStreamInfo;
+    PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask inputChannelMask, outputChannelMask;
+    unsigned long pollingPeriodFrames = 0;
+
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        inputWinDsDeviceInfo = (PaWinDsDeviceInfo*) hostApi->deviceInfos[ inputParameters->device ];
+        inputDeviceInfo = &inputWinDsDeviceInfo->inheritedDeviceInfo;
+
+        inputChannelCount = inputParameters->channelCount;
+        inputSampleFormat = inputParameters->sampleFormat;
+        suggestedInputLatencyFrames = (unsigned long)(inputParameters->suggestedLatency * sampleRate);
+
+        /* IDEA: the following 3 checks could be performed by default by pa_front
+            unless some flag indicated otherwise */
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+        if( inputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        /* check that input device can support inputChannelCount */
+        if( inputWinDsDeviceInfo->deviceInputChannelCountIsKnown
+                && inputChannelCount > inputDeviceInfo->maxInputChannels )
+            return paInvalidChannelCount;
+
+        /* validate hostApiSpecificStreamInfo */
+        inputStreamInfo = (PaWinDirectSoundStreamInfo*)inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        result = ValidateWinDirectSoundSpecificStreamInfo( inputParameters, inputStreamInfo );
+        if( result != paNoError ) return result;
+
+        if( inputStreamInfo && inputStreamInfo->flags & paWinDirectSoundUseLowLevelLatencyParameters )
+            userRequestedHostInputBufferSizeFrames = inputStreamInfo->framesPerBuffer;
+
+        if( inputStreamInfo && inputStreamInfo->flags & paWinDirectSoundUseChannelMask )
+            inputChannelMask = inputStreamInfo->channelMask;
+        else
+            inputChannelMask = PaWin_DefaultChannelMask( inputChannelCount );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = 0;
+        inputSampleFormat = 0;
+        suggestedInputLatencyFrames = 0;
+    }
+
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        outputWinDsDeviceInfo = (PaWinDsDeviceInfo*) hostApi->deviceInfos[ outputParameters->device ];
+        outputDeviceInfo = &outputWinDsDeviceInfo->inheritedDeviceInfo;
+
+        outputChannelCount = outputParameters->channelCount;
+        outputSampleFormat = outputParameters->sampleFormat;
+        suggestedOutputLatencyFrames = (unsigned long)(outputParameters->suggestedLatency * sampleRate);
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+        if( outputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        /* check that output device can support outputChannelCount */
+        if( outputWinDsDeviceInfo->deviceOutputChannelCountIsKnown
+                && outputChannelCount > outputDeviceInfo->maxOutputChannels )
+            return paInvalidChannelCount;
+
+        /* validate hostApiSpecificStreamInfo */
+        outputStreamInfo = (PaWinDirectSoundStreamInfo*)outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        result = ValidateWinDirectSoundSpecificStreamInfo( outputParameters, outputStreamInfo );
+        if( result != paNoError ) return result;
+
+        if( outputStreamInfo && outputStreamInfo->flags & paWinDirectSoundUseLowLevelLatencyParameters )
+            userRequestedHostOutputBufferSizeFrames = outputStreamInfo->framesPerBuffer;
+
+        if( outputStreamInfo && outputStreamInfo->flags & paWinDirectSoundUseChannelMask )
+            outputChannelMask = outputStreamInfo->channelMask;
+        else
+            outputChannelMask = PaWin_DefaultChannelMask( outputChannelCount );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = 0;
+        outputSampleFormat = 0;
+        suggestedOutputLatencyFrames = 0;
+    }
+
+    /*
+        If low level host buffer size is specified for both input and output
+        the current code requires the sizes to match.
+    */
+
+    if( (userRequestedHostInputBufferSizeFrames > 0 && userRequestedHostOutputBufferSizeFrames > 0)
+            && userRequestedHostInputBufferSizeFrames != userRequestedHostOutputBufferSizeFrames )
+        return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+
+
+
+    /*
+        IMPLEMENT ME:
+
+        ( the following two checks are taken care of by PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor() )
+
+            - check that input device can support inputSampleFormat, or that
+                we have the capability to convert from outputSampleFormat to
+                a native format
+
+            - check that output device can support outputSampleFormat, or that
+                we have the capability to convert from outputSampleFormat to
+                a native format
+
+            - if a full duplex stream is requested, check that the combination
+                of input and output parameters is supported
+
+            - check that the device supports sampleRate
+
+            - alter sampleRate to a close allowable rate if possible / necessary
+
+            - validate suggestedInputLatency and suggestedOutputLatency parameters,
+                use default values where necessary
+    */
+
+
+    /* validate platform specific flags */
+    if( (streamFlags & paPlatformSpecificFlags) != 0 )
+        return paInvalidFlag; /* unexpected platform specific flag */
+
+
+    stream = (PaWinDsStream*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaWinDsStream) );
+    if( !stream )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    memset( stream, 0, sizeof(PaWinDsStream) ); /* initialize all stream variables to 0 */
+
+    if( streamCallback )
+    {
+        PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation,
+                                               &winDsHostApi->callbackStreamInterface, streamCallback, userData );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation,
+                                               &winDsHostApi->blockingStreamInterface, streamCallback, userData );
+    }
+
+    streamRepresentationIsInitialized = 1;
+
+    stream->streamFlags = streamFlags;
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeCpuLoadMeasurer( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer, sampleRate );
+
+
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        /* IMPLEMENT ME - establish which  host formats are available */
+        PaSampleFormat nativeInputFormats = paInt16;
+        /* PaSampleFormat nativeFormats = paUInt8 | paInt16 | paInt24 | paInt32 | paFloat32; */
+
+        hostInputSampleFormat =
+            PaUtil_SelectClosestAvailableFormat( nativeInputFormats, inputParameters->sampleFormat );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        hostInputSampleFormat = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        /* IMPLEMENT ME - establish which  host formats are available */
+        PaSampleFormat nativeOutputFormats = paInt16;
+        /* PaSampleFormat nativeOutputFormats = paUInt8 | paInt16 | paInt24 | paInt32 | paFloat32; */
+
+        hostOutputSampleFormat =
+            PaUtil_SelectClosestAvailableFormat( nativeOutputFormats, outputParameters->sampleFormat );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        hostOutputSampleFormat = 0;
+    }
+
+    result =  PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor,
+                    inputChannelCount, inputSampleFormat, hostInputSampleFormat,
+                    outputChannelCount, outputSampleFormat, hostOutputSampleFormat,
+                    sampleRate, streamFlags, framesPerBuffer,
+                    0, /* ignored in paUtilVariableHostBufferSizePartialUsageAllowed mode. */
+                /* This next mode is required because DS can split the host buffer when it wraps around. */
+                    paUtilVariableHostBufferSizePartialUsageAllowed,
+                    streamCallback, userData );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    bufferProcessorIsInitialized = 1;
+
+
+/* DirectSound specific initialization */
+    {
+        HRESULT          hr;
+        unsigned long    integerSampleRate = (unsigned long) (sampleRate + 0.5);
+
+        stream->processingCompleted = CreateEvent( NULL, /* bManualReset = */ TRUE, /* bInitialState = */ FALSE, NULL );
+        if( stream->processingCompleted == NULL )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+#ifdef PA_WIN_DS_USE_WMME_TIMER
+        stream->timerID = 0;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PA_WIN_DS_USE_WAITABLE_TIMER_OBJECT
+        stream->waitableTimer = (HANDLE)CreateWaitableTimer( 0, FALSE, NULL );
+        if( stream->waitableTimer == NULL )
+        {
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PA_DS_SET_LAST_DIRECTSOUND_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+            goto error;
+        }
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PA_WIN_DS_USE_WMME_TIMER
+        stream->processingThreadCompleted = CreateEvent( NULL, /* bManualReset = */ TRUE, /* bInitialState = */ FALSE, NULL );
+        if( stream->processingThreadCompleted == NULL )
+        {
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PA_DS_SET_LAST_DIRECTSOUND_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+            goto error;
+        }
+#endif
+
+        /* set up i/o parameters */
+
+        if( userRequestedHostInputBufferSizeFrames > 0 || userRequestedHostOutputBufferSizeFrames > 0 )
+        {
+            /* use low level parameters */
+
+            /* since we use the same host buffer size for input and output
+               we choose the highest user specified value.
+            */
+            stream->hostBufferSizeFrames = max( userRequestedHostInputBufferSizeFrames, userRequestedHostOutputBufferSizeFrames );
+
+            CalculatePollingPeriodFrames(
+                    stream->hostBufferSizeFrames, &pollingPeriodFrames,
+                    sampleRate, framesPerBuffer );
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            CalculateBufferSettings( (unsigned long*)&stream->hostBufferSizeFrames, &pollingPeriodFrames,
+                    /* isFullDuplex = */ (inputParameters && outputParameters),
+                    suggestedInputLatencyFrames,
+                    suggestedOutputLatencyFrames,
+                    sampleRate, framesPerBuffer );
+        }
+
+        stream->pollingPeriodSeconds = pollingPeriodFrames / sampleRate;
+
+        DBUG(("DirectSound host buffer size frames: %d, polling period seconds: %f, @ sr: %f\n",
+                stream->hostBufferSizeFrames, stream->pollingPeriodSeconds, sampleRate ));
+
+
+        /* ------------------ OUTPUT */
+        if( outputParameters )
+        {
+            LARGE_INTEGER  counterFrequency;
+
+            /*
+            PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo = hostApi->deviceInfos[ outputParameters->device ];
+            DBUG(("PaHost_OpenStream: deviceID = 0x%x\n", outputParameters->device));
+            */
+
+            int sampleSizeBytes = Pa_GetSampleSize(hostOutputSampleFormat);
+            stream->outputFrameSizeBytes = outputParameters->channelCount * sampleSizeBytes;
+
+            stream->outputBufferSizeBytes = stream->hostBufferSizeFrames * stream->outputFrameSizeBytes;
+            if( stream->outputBufferSizeBytes < DSBSIZE_MIN )
+            {
+                result = paBufferTooSmall;
+                goto error;
+            }
+            else if( stream->outputBufferSizeBytes > DSBSIZE_MAX )
+            {
+                result = paBufferTooBig;
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            /* Calculate value used in latency calculation to avoid real-time divides. */
+            stream->secondsPerHostByte = 1.0 /
+                (stream->bufferProcessor.bytesPerHostOutputSample *
+                outputChannelCount * sampleRate);
+
+            stream->outputIsRunning = FALSE;
+            stream->outputUnderflowCount = 0;
+
+            /* perfCounterTicksPerBuffer is used by QueryOutputSpace for overflow detection */
+            if( QueryPerformanceFrequency( &counterFrequency ) )
+            {
+                stream->perfCounterTicksPerBuffer.QuadPart = (counterFrequency.QuadPart * stream->hostBufferSizeFrames) / integerSampleRate;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                stream->perfCounterTicksPerBuffer.QuadPart = 0;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* ------------------ INPUT */
+        if( inputParameters )
+        {
+            /*
+            PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo = hostApi->deviceInfos[ inputParameters->device ];
+            DBUG(("PaHost_OpenStream: deviceID = 0x%x\n", inputParameters->device));
+            */
+
+            int sampleSizeBytes = Pa_GetSampleSize(hostInputSampleFormat);
+            stream->inputFrameSizeBytes = inputParameters->channelCount * sampleSizeBytes;
+
+            stream->inputBufferSizeBytes = stream->hostBufferSizeFrames * stream->inputFrameSizeBytes;
+            if( stream->inputBufferSizeBytes < DSBSIZE_MIN )
+            {
+                result = paBufferTooSmall;
+                goto error;
+            }
+            else if( stream->inputBufferSizeBytes > DSBSIZE_MAX )
+            {
+                result = paBufferTooBig;
+                goto error;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* open/create the DirectSound buffers */
+
+        /* interface ptrs should be zeroed when stream is zeroed. */
+        assert( stream->pDirectSoundCapture == NULL );
+        assert( stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer == NULL );
+        assert( stream->pDirectSound == NULL );
+        assert( stream->pDirectSoundPrimaryBuffer == NULL );
+        assert( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer == NULL );
+
+
+        if( inputParameters && outputParameters )
+        {
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_DIRECTSOUNDFULLDUPLEXCREATE
+            /* try to use the full-duplex DX8 API to create the buffers.
+                if that fails we fall back to the half-duplex API below */
+
+            hr = InitFullDuplexInputOutputBuffers( stream,
+                                       (PaWinDsDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[inputParameters->device],
+                                       hostInputSampleFormat,
+                                       (WORD)inputParameters->channelCount, stream->inputBufferSizeBytes,
+                                       inputChannelMask,
+                                       (PaWinDsDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[outputParameters->device],
+                                       hostOutputSampleFormat,
+                                       (WORD)outputParameters->channelCount, stream->outputBufferSizeBytes,
+                                       outputChannelMask,
+                                       integerSampleRate
+                                        );
+            DBUG(("InitFullDuplexInputOutputBuffers() returns %x\n", hr));
+            /* ignore any error returned by InitFullDuplexInputOutputBuffers.
+                we retry opening the buffers below */
+#endif /* PAWIN_USE_DIRECTSOUNDFULLDUPLEXCREATE */
+        }
+
+        /*  create half duplex buffers. also used for full-duplex streams which didn't
+            succeed when using the full duplex API. that could happen because
+            DX8 or greater isn't installed, the i/o devices aren't the same
+            physical device. etc.
+        */
+
+        if( outputParameters && !stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer )
+        {
+            hr = InitOutputBuffer( stream,
+                                       (PaWinDsDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[outputParameters->device],
+                                       hostOutputSampleFormat,
+                                       integerSampleRate,
+                                       (WORD)outputParameters->channelCount, stream->outputBufferSizeBytes,
+                                       outputChannelMask );
+            DBUG(("InitOutputBuffer() returns %x\n", hr));
+            if( hr != DS_OK )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_DS_SET_LAST_DIRECTSOUND_ERROR( hr );
+                goto error;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if( inputParameters && !stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer )
+        {
+            hr = InitInputBuffer( stream,
+                                      (PaWinDsDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[inputParameters->device],
+                                      hostInputSampleFormat,
+                                      integerSampleRate,
+                                      (WORD)inputParameters->channelCount, stream->inputBufferSizeBytes,
+                                      inputChannelMask );
+            DBUG(("InitInputBuffer() returns %x\n", hr));
+            if( hr != DS_OK )
+            {
+                ERR_RPT(("PortAudio: DSW_InitInputBuffer() returns %x\n", hr));
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_DS_SET_LAST_DIRECTSOUND_ERROR( hr );
+                goto error;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    SetStreamInfoLatencies( stream, framesPerBuffer, pollingPeriodFrames, sampleRate );
+
+    stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate = sampleRate;
+
+    *s = (PaStream*)stream;
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    if( stream )
+    {
+        if( stream->processingCompleted != NULL )
+            CloseHandle( stream->processingCompleted );
+
+#ifdef PA_WIN_DS_USE_WAITABLE_TIMER_OBJECT
+        if( stream->waitableTimer != NULL )
+            CloseHandle( stream->waitableTimer );
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PA_WIN_DS_USE_WMME_TIMER
+        if( stream->processingThreadCompleted != NULL )
+            CloseHandle( stream->processingThreadCompleted );
+#endif
+
+        if( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer )
+        {
+            IDirectSoundBuffer_Stop( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer );
+            IDirectSoundBuffer_Release( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer );
+            stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer = NULL;
+        }
+
+        if( stream->pDirectSoundPrimaryBuffer )
+        {
+            IDirectSoundBuffer_Release( stream->pDirectSoundPrimaryBuffer );
+            stream->pDirectSoundPrimaryBuffer = NULL;
+        }
+
+        if( stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer )
+        {
+            IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Stop( stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer );
+            IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Release( stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer );
+            stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer = NULL;
+        }
+
+        if( stream->pDirectSoundCapture )
+        {
+            IDirectSoundCapture_Release( stream->pDirectSoundCapture );
+            stream->pDirectSoundCapture = NULL;
+        }
+
+        if( stream->pDirectSound )
+        {
+            IDirectSound_Release( stream->pDirectSound );
+            stream->pDirectSound = NULL;
+        }
+
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_DIRECTSOUNDFULLDUPLEXCREATE
+        if( stream->pDirectSoundFullDuplex8 )
+        {
+            IDirectSoundFullDuplex_Release( stream->pDirectSoundFullDuplex8 );
+            stream->pDirectSoundFullDuplex8 = NULL;
+        }
+#endif
+        if( bufferProcessorIsInitialized )
+            PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+
+        if( streamRepresentationIsInitialized )
+            PaUtil_TerminateStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation );
+
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/************************************************************************************
+ * Determine how much space can be safely written to in DS buffer.
+ * Detect underflows and overflows.
+ * Does not allow writing into safety gap maintained by DirectSound.
+ */
+static HRESULT QueryOutputSpace( PaWinDsStream *stream, long *bytesEmpty )
+{
+    HRESULT hr;
+    DWORD   playCursor;
+    DWORD   writeCursor;
+    long    numBytesEmpty;
+    long    playWriteGap;
+    // Query to see how much room is in buffer.
+    hr = IDirectSoundBuffer_GetCurrentPosition( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer,
+            &playCursor, &writeCursor );
+    if( hr != DS_OK )
+    {
+        return hr;
+    }
+
+    // Determine size of gap between playIndex and WriteIndex that we cannot write into.
+    playWriteGap = writeCursor - playCursor;
+    if( playWriteGap < 0 ) playWriteGap += stream->outputBufferSizeBytes; // unwrap
+
+    /* DirectSound doesn't have a large enough playCursor so we cannot detect wrap-around. */
+    /* Attempt to detect playCursor wrap-around and correct it. */
+    if( stream->outputIsRunning && (stream->perfCounterTicksPerBuffer.QuadPart != 0) )
+    {
+        /* How much time has elapsed since last check. */
+        LARGE_INTEGER   currentTime;
+        LARGE_INTEGER   elapsedTime;
+        long            bytesPlayed;
+        long            bytesExpected;
+        long            buffersWrapped;
+
+        QueryPerformanceCounter( &currentTime );
+        elapsedTime.QuadPart = currentTime.QuadPart - stream->previousPlayTime.QuadPart;
+        stream->previousPlayTime = currentTime;
+
+        /* How many bytes does DirectSound say have been played. */
+        bytesPlayed = playCursor - stream->previousPlayCursor;
+        if( bytesPlayed < 0 ) bytesPlayed += stream->outputBufferSizeBytes; // unwrap
+        stream->previousPlayCursor = playCursor;
+
+        /* Calculate how many bytes we would have expected to been played by now. */
+        bytesExpected = (long) ((elapsedTime.QuadPart * stream->outputBufferSizeBytes) / stream->perfCounterTicksPerBuffer.QuadPart);
+        buffersWrapped = (bytesExpected - bytesPlayed) / stream->outputBufferSizeBytes;
+        if( buffersWrapped > 0 )
+        {
+            playCursor += (buffersWrapped * stream->outputBufferSizeBytes);
+            bytesPlayed += (buffersWrapped * stream->outputBufferSizeBytes);
+        }
+    }
+    numBytesEmpty = playCursor - stream->outputBufferWriteOffsetBytes;
+    if( numBytesEmpty < 0 ) numBytesEmpty += stream->outputBufferSizeBytes; // unwrap offset
+
+    /* Have we underflowed? */
+    if( numBytesEmpty > (stream->outputBufferSizeBytes - playWriteGap) )
+    {
+        if( stream->outputIsRunning )
+        {
+            stream->outputUnderflowCount += 1;
+        }
+
+        /*
+            From MSDN:
+                The write cursor indicates the position at which it is safe
+            to write new data to the buffer. The write cursor always leads the
+            play cursor, typically by about 15 milliseconds' worth of audio
+            data.
+                It is always safe to change data that is behind the position
+            indicated by the lpdwCurrentPlayCursor parameter.
+        */
+
+        stream->outputBufferWriteOffsetBytes = writeCursor;
+        numBytesEmpty = stream->outputBufferSizeBytes - playWriteGap;
+    }
+    *bytesEmpty = numBytesEmpty;
+    return hr;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************************/
+static int TimeSlice( PaWinDsStream *stream )
+{
+    long              numFrames = 0;
+    long              bytesEmpty = 0;
+    long              bytesFilled = 0;
+    long              bytesToXfer = 0;
+    long              framesToXfer = 0; /* the number of frames we'll process this tick */
+    long              numInFramesReady = 0;
+    long              numOutFramesReady = 0;
+    long              bytesProcessed;
+    HRESULT           hresult;
+    double            outputLatency = 0;
+    double            inputLatency = 0;
+    PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo timeInfo = {0,0,0};
+
+/* Input */
+    LPBYTE            lpInBuf1 = NULL;
+    LPBYTE            lpInBuf2 = NULL;
+    DWORD             dwInSize1 = 0;
+    DWORD             dwInSize2 = 0;
+/* Output */
+    LPBYTE            lpOutBuf1 = NULL;
+    LPBYTE            lpOutBuf2 = NULL;
+    DWORD             dwOutSize1 = 0;
+    DWORD             dwOutSize2 = 0;
+
+    /* How much input data is available? */
+    if( stream->bufferProcessor.inputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        HRESULT hr;
+        DWORD capturePos;
+        DWORD readPos;
+        long  filled = 0;
+        // Query to see how much data is in buffer.
+        // We don't need the capture position but sometimes DirectSound doesn't handle NULLS correctly
+        // so let's pass a pointer just to be safe.
+        hr = IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_GetCurrentPosition( stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer, &capturePos, &readPos );
+        if( hr == DS_OK )
+        {
+            filled = readPos - stream->readOffset;
+            if( filled < 0 ) filled += stream->inputBufferSizeBytes; // unwrap offset
+            bytesFilled = filled;
+
+            inputLatency = ((double)bytesFilled) * stream->secondsPerHostByte;
+        }
+            // FIXME: what happens if IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_GetCurrentPosition fails?
+
+        framesToXfer = numInFramesReady = bytesFilled / stream->inputFrameSizeBytes;
+
+        /** @todo Check for overflow */
+    }
+
+    /* How much output room is available? */
+    if( stream->bufferProcessor.outputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        UINT previousUnderflowCount = stream->outputUnderflowCount;
+        QueryOutputSpace( stream, &bytesEmpty );
+        framesToXfer = numOutFramesReady = bytesEmpty / stream->outputFrameSizeBytes;
+
+        /* Check for underflow */
+        /* FIXME QueryOutputSpace should not adjust underflow count as a side effect.
+            A query function should be a const operator on the stream and return a flag on underflow. */
+        if( stream->outputUnderflowCount != previousUnderflowCount )
+            stream->callbackFlags |= paOutputUnderflow;
+
+        /* We are about to compute audio into the first byte of empty space in the output buffer.
+           This audio will reach the DAC after all of the current (non-empty) audio
+           in the buffer has played. Therefore the output time is the current time
+           plus the time it takes to play the non-empty bytes in the buffer,
+           computed here:
+        */
+        outputLatency = ((double)(stream->outputBufferSizeBytes - bytesEmpty)) * stream->secondsPerHostByte;
+    }
+
+    /* if it's a full duplex stream, set framesToXfer to the minimum of input and output frames ready */
+    if( stream->bufferProcessor.inputChannelCount > 0 && stream->bufferProcessor.outputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        framesToXfer = (numOutFramesReady < numInFramesReady) ? numOutFramesReady : numInFramesReady;
+    }
+
+    if( framesToXfer > 0 )
+    {
+        PaUtil_BeginCpuLoadMeasurement( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+
+    /* The outputBufferDacTime parameter should indicates the time at which
+        the first sample of the output buffer is heard at the DACs. */
+        timeInfo.currentTime = PaUtil_GetTime();
+
+        PaUtil_BeginBufferProcessing( &stream->bufferProcessor, &timeInfo, stream->callbackFlags );
+        stream->callbackFlags = 0;
+
+    /* Input */
+        if( stream->bufferProcessor.inputChannelCount > 0 )
+        {
+            timeInfo.inputBufferAdcTime = timeInfo.currentTime - inputLatency;
+
+            bytesToXfer = framesToXfer * stream->inputFrameSizeBytes;
+            hresult = IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Lock ( stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer,
+                stream->readOffset, bytesToXfer,
+                (void **) &lpInBuf1, &dwInSize1,
+                (void **) &lpInBuf2, &dwInSize2, 0);
+            if (hresult != DS_OK)
+            {
+                ERR_RPT(("DirectSound IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Lock failed, hresult = 0x%x\n",hresult));
+                /* PA_DS_SET_LAST_DIRECTSOUND_ERROR( hresult ); */
+                PaUtil_ResetBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor ); /* flush the buffer processor */
+                stream->callbackResult = paComplete;
+                goto error2;
+            }
+
+            numFrames = dwInSize1 / stream->inputFrameSizeBytes;
+            PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( &stream->bufferProcessor, numFrames );
+            PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels( &stream->bufferProcessor, 0, lpInBuf1, 0 );
+        /* Is input split into two regions. */
+            if( dwInSize2 > 0 )
+            {
+                numFrames = dwInSize2 / stream->inputFrameSizeBytes;
+                PaUtil_Set2ndInputFrameCount( &stream->bufferProcessor, numFrames );
+                PaUtil_Set2ndInterleavedInputChannels( &stream->bufferProcessor, 0, lpInBuf2, 0 );
+            }
+        }
+
+    /* Output */
+        if( stream->bufferProcessor.outputChannelCount > 0 )
+        {
+            /*
+            We don't currently add outputLatency here because it appears to produce worse
+            results than not adding it. Need to do more testing to verify this.
+            */
+            /* timeInfo.outputBufferDacTime = timeInfo.currentTime + outputLatency; */
+            timeInfo.outputBufferDacTime = timeInfo.currentTime;
+
+            bytesToXfer = framesToXfer * stream->outputFrameSizeBytes;
+            hresult = IDirectSoundBuffer_Lock ( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer,
+                stream->outputBufferWriteOffsetBytes, bytesToXfer,
+                (void **) &lpOutBuf1, &dwOutSize1,
+                (void **) &lpOutBuf2, &dwOutSize2, 0);
+            if (hresult != DS_OK)
+            {
+                ERR_RPT(("DirectSound IDirectSoundBuffer_Lock failed, hresult = 0x%x\n",hresult));
+                /* PA_DS_SET_LAST_DIRECTSOUND_ERROR( hresult ); */
+                PaUtil_ResetBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor ); /* flush the buffer processor */
+                stream->callbackResult = paComplete;
+                goto error1;
+            }
+
+            numFrames = dwOutSize1 / stream->outputFrameSizeBytes;
+            PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount( &stream->bufferProcessor, numFrames );
+            PaUtil_SetInterleavedOutputChannels( &stream->bufferProcessor, 0, lpOutBuf1, 0 );
+
+        /* Is output split into two regions. */
+            if( dwOutSize2 > 0 )
+            {
+                numFrames = dwOutSize2 / stream->outputFrameSizeBytes;
+                PaUtil_Set2ndOutputFrameCount( &stream->bufferProcessor, numFrames );
+                PaUtil_Set2ndInterleavedOutputChannels( &stream->bufferProcessor, 0, lpOutBuf2, 0 );
+            }
+        }
+
+        numFrames = PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing( &stream->bufferProcessor, &stream->callbackResult );
+        stream->framesWritten += numFrames;
+
+        if( stream->bufferProcessor.outputChannelCount > 0 )
+        {
+        /* FIXME: an underflow could happen here */
+
+        /* Update our buffer offset and unlock sound buffer */
+            bytesProcessed = numFrames * stream->outputFrameSizeBytes;
+            stream->outputBufferWriteOffsetBytes = (stream->outputBufferWriteOffsetBytes + bytesProcessed) % stream->outputBufferSizeBytes;
+            IDirectSoundBuffer_Unlock( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer, lpOutBuf1, dwOutSize1, lpOutBuf2, dwOutSize2);
+        }
+
+error1:
+        if( stream->bufferProcessor.inputChannelCount > 0 )
+        {
+        /* FIXME: an overflow could happen here */
+
+        /* Update our buffer offset and unlock sound buffer */
+            bytesProcessed = numFrames * stream->inputFrameSizeBytes;
+            stream->readOffset = (stream->readOffset + bytesProcessed) % stream->inputBufferSizeBytes;
+            IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Unlock( stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer, lpInBuf1, dwInSize1, lpInBuf2, dwInSize2);
+        }
+error2:
+
+        PaUtil_EndCpuLoadMeasurement( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer, numFrames );
+    }
+
+    if( stream->callbackResult == paComplete && !PaUtil_IsBufferProcessorOutputEmpty( &stream->bufferProcessor ) )
+    {
+        /* don't return completed until the buffer processor has been drained */
+        return paContinue;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return stream->callbackResult;
+    }
+}
+/*******************************************************************/
+
+static HRESULT ZeroAvailableOutputSpace( PaWinDsStream *stream )
+{
+    HRESULT hr;
+    LPBYTE lpbuf1 = NULL;
+    LPBYTE lpbuf2 = NULL;
+    DWORD dwsize1 = 0;
+    DWORD dwsize2 = 0;
+    long  bytesEmpty;
+    hr = QueryOutputSpace( stream, &bytesEmpty );
+    if (hr != DS_OK) return hr;
+    if( bytesEmpty == 0 ) return DS_OK;
+    // Lock free space in the DS
+    hr = IDirectSoundBuffer_Lock( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer, stream->outputBufferWriteOffsetBytes,
+                                    bytesEmpty, (void **) &lpbuf1, &dwsize1,
+                                    (void **) &lpbuf2, &dwsize2, 0);
+    if (hr == DS_OK)
+    {
+        // Copy the buffer into the DS
+        ZeroMemory(lpbuf1, dwsize1);
+        if(lpbuf2 != NULL)
+        {
+            ZeroMemory(lpbuf2, dwsize2);
+        }
+        // Update our buffer offset and unlock sound buffer
+        stream->outputBufferWriteOffsetBytes = (stream->outputBufferWriteOffsetBytes + dwsize1 + dwsize2) % stream->outputBufferSizeBytes;
+        IDirectSoundBuffer_Unlock( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer, lpbuf1, dwsize1, lpbuf2, dwsize2);
+
+        stream->finalZeroBytesWritten += dwsize1 + dwsize2;
+    }
+    return hr;
+}
+
+
+static void CALLBACK TimerCallback(UINT uID, UINT uMsg, DWORD_PTR dwUser, DWORD dw1, DWORD dw2)
+{
+    PaWinDsStream *stream;
+    int isFinished = 0;
+
+    /* suppress unused variable warnings */
+    (void) uID;
+    (void) uMsg;
+    (void) dw1;
+    (void) dw2;
+
+    stream = (PaWinDsStream *) dwUser;
+    if( stream == NULL ) return;
+
+    if( stream->isActive )
+    {
+        if( stream->abortProcessing )
+        {
+            isFinished = 1;
+        }
+        else if( stream->stopProcessing )
+        {
+            if( stream->bufferProcessor.outputChannelCount > 0 )
+            {
+                ZeroAvailableOutputSpace( stream );
+                if( stream->finalZeroBytesWritten >= stream->outputBufferSizeBytes )
+                {
+                    /* once we've flushed the whole output buffer with zeros we know all data has been played */
+                    isFinished = 1;
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                isFinished = 1;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            int callbackResult = TimeSlice( stream );
+            if( callbackResult != paContinue )
+            {
+                /* FIXME implement handling of paComplete and paAbort if possible
+                   At the moment this should behave as if paComplete was called and
+                   flush the buffer.
+                */
+
+                stream->stopProcessing = 1;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if( isFinished )
+        {
+            if( stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback != 0 )
+                stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback( stream->streamRepresentation.userData );
+
+            stream->isActive = 0; /* don't set this until the stream really is inactive */
+            SetEvent( stream->processingCompleted );
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#ifndef PA_WIN_DS_USE_WMME_TIMER
+
+#ifdef PA_WIN_DS_USE_WAITABLE_TIMER_OBJECT
+
+static void CALLBACK WaitableTimerAPCProc(
+   LPVOID lpArg,               // Data value
+   DWORD dwTimerLowValue,      // Timer low value
+   DWORD dwTimerHighValue )    // Timer high value
+
+{
+    (void)dwTimerLowValue;
+    (void)dwTimerHighValue;
+
+    TimerCallback( 0, 0, (DWORD_PTR)lpArg, 0, 0 );
+}
+
+#endif /* PA_WIN_DS_USE_WAITABLE_TIMER_OBJECT */
+
+
+PA_THREAD_FUNC ProcessingThreadProc( void *pArg )
+{
+    PaWinDsStream *stream = (PaWinDsStream *)pArg;
+    LARGE_INTEGER dueTime;
+    int timerPeriodMs;
+
+    timerPeriodMs = (int)(stream->pollingPeriodSeconds * MSECS_PER_SECOND);
+    if( timerPeriodMs < 1 )
+        timerPeriodMs = 1;
+
+#ifdef PA_WIN_DS_USE_WAITABLE_TIMER_OBJECT
+    assert( stream->waitableTimer != NULL );
+
+    /* invoke first timeout immediately */
+    dueTime.LowPart = timerPeriodMs * 1000 * 10;
+    dueTime.HighPart = 0;
+
+    /* tick using waitable timer */
+    if( SetWaitableTimer( stream->waitableTimer, &dueTime, timerPeriodMs, WaitableTimerAPCProc, pArg, FALSE ) != 0 )
+    {
+        DWORD wfsoResult = 0;
+        do
+        {
+            /* wait for processingCompleted to be signaled or our timer APC to be called */
+            wfsoResult = WaitForSingleObjectEx( stream->processingCompleted, timerPeriodMs * 10, /* alertable = */ TRUE );
+
+        }while( wfsoResult == WAIT_TIMEOUT || wfsoResult == WAIT_IO_COMPLETION );
+    }
+
+    CancelWaitableTimer( stream->waitableTimer );
+
+#else
+
+    /* tick using WaitForSingleObject timeout */
+    while ( WaitForSingleObject( stream->processingCompleted, timerPeriodMs ) == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+    {
+        TimerCallback( 0, 0, (DWORD_PTR)pArg, 0, 0 );
+    }
+#endif /* PA_WIN_DS_USE_WAITABLE_TIMER_OBJECT */
+
+    SetEvent( stream->processingThreadCompleted );
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#endif /* !PA_WIN_DS_USE_WMME_TIMER */
+
+/***********************************************************************************
+    When CloseStream() is called, the multi-api layer ensures that
+    the stream has already been stopped or aborted.
+*/
+static PaError CloseStream( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaWinDsStream *stream = (PaWinDsStream*)s;
+
+    CloseHandle( stream->processingCompleted );
+
+#ifdef PA_WIN_DS_USE_WAITABLE_TIMER_OBJECT
+    if( stream->waitableTimer != NULL )
+        CloseHandle( stream->waitableTimer );
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PA_WIN_DS_USE_WMME_TIMER
+    CloseHandle( stream->processingThreadCompleted );
+#endif
+
+    // Cleanup the sound buffers
+    if( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer )
+    {
+        IDirectSoundBuffer_Stop( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer );
+        IDirectSoundBuffer_Release( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer );
+        stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer = NULL;
+    }
+
+    if( stream->pDirectSoundPrimaryBuffer )
+    {
+        IDirectSoundBuffer_Release( stream->pDirectSoundPrimaryBuffer );
+        stream->pDirectSoundPrimaryBuffer = NULL;
+    }
+
+    if( stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer )
+    {
+        IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Stop( stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer );
+        IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Release( stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer );
+        stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer = NULL;
+    }
+
+    if( stream->pDirectSoundCapture )
+    {
+        IDirectSoundCapture_Release( stream->pDirectSoundCapture );
+        stream->pDirectSoundCapture = NULL;
+    }
+
+    if( stream->pDirectSound )
+    {
+        IDirectSound_Release( stream->pDirectSound );
+        stream->pDirectSound = NULL;
+    }
+
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_DIRECTSOUNDFULLDUPLEXCREATE
+    if( stream->pDirectSoundFullDuplex8 )
+    {
+        IDirectSoundFullDuplex_Release( stream->pDirectSoundFullDuplex8 );
+        stream->pDirectSoundFullDuplex8 = NULL;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+    PaUtil_TerminateStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation );
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************************/
+static HRESULT ClearOutputBuffer( PaWinDsStream *stream )
+{
+    PaError          result = paNoError;
+    unsigned char*   pDSBuffData;
+    DWORD            dwDataLen;
+    HRESULT          hr;
+
+    hr = IDirectSoundBuffer_SetCurrentPosition( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer, 0 );
+    DBUG(("PaHost_ClearOutputBuffer: IDirectSoundBuffer_SetCurrentPosition returned = 0x%X.\n", hr));
+    if( hr != DS_OK )
+        return hr;
+
+    // Lock the DS buffer
+    if ((hr = IDirectSoundBuffer_Lock( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer, 0, stream->outputBufferSizeBytes, (LPVOID*)&pDSBuffData,
+                                           &dwDataLen, NULL, 0, 0)) != DS_OK )
+        return hr;
+
+    // Zero the DS buffer
+    ZeroMemory(pDSBuffData, dwDataLen);
+    // Unlock the DS buffer
+    if ((hr = IDirectSoundBuffer_Unlock( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer, pDSBuffData, dwDataLen, NULL, 0)) != DS_OK)
+        return hr;
+
+    // Let DSound set the starting write position because if we set it to zero, it looks like the
+    // buffer is full to begin with. This causes a long pause before sound starts when using large buffers.
+    if ((hr = IDirectSoundBuffer_GetCurrentPosition( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer,
+            &stream->previousPlayCursor, &stream->outputBufferWriteOffsetBytes )) != DS_OK)
+        return hr;
+
+    /* printf("DSW_InitOutputBuffer: playCursor = %d, writeCursor = %d\n", playCursor, dsw->dsw_WriteOffset ); */
+
+    return DS_OK;
+}
+
+static PaError StartStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError          result = paNoError;
+    PaWinDsStream   *stream = (PaWinDsStream*)s;
+    HRESULT          hr;
+
+    stream->callbackResult = paContinue;
+    PaUtil_ResetBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+
+    ResetEvent( stream->processingCompleted );
+
+#ifndef PA_WIN_DS_USE_WMME_TIMER
+    ResetEvent( stream->processingThreadCompleted );
+#endif
+
+    if( stream->bufferProcessor.inputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        // Start the buffer capture
+        if( stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer != NULL ) // FIXME: not sure this check is necessary
+        {
+            hr = IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Start( stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer, DSCBSTART_LOOPING );
+        }
+
+        DBUG(("StartStream: DSW_StartInput returned = 0x%X.\n", hr));
+        if( hr != DS_OK )
+        {
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PA_DS_SET_LAST_DIRECTSOUND_ERROR( hr );
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    stream->framesWritten = 0;
+    stream->callbackFlags = 0;
+
+    stream->abortProcessing = 0;
+    stream->stopProcessing = 0;
+
+    if( stream->bufferProcessor.outputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        QueryPerformanceCounter( &stream->previousPlayTime );
+        stream->finalZeroBytesWritten = 0;
+
+        hr = ClearOutputBuffer( stream );
+        if( hr != DS_OK )
+        {
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PA_DS_SET_LAST_DIRECTSOUND_ERROR( hr );
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        if( stream->streamRepresentation.streamCallback && (stream->streamFlags & paPrimeOutputBuffersUsingStreamCallback) )
+        {
+            stream->callbackFlags = paPrimingOutput;
+
+            TimeSlice( stream );
+            /* we ignore the return value from TimeSlice here and start the stream as usual.
+                The first timer callback will detect if the callback has completed. */
+
+            stream->callbackFlags = 0;
+        }
+
+        // Start the buffer playback in a loop.
+        if( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer != NULL ) // FIXME: not sure this needs to be checked here
+        {
+            hr = IDirectSoundBuffer_Play( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer, 0, 0, DSBPLAY_LOOPING );
+            DBUG(("PaHost_StartOutput: IDirectSoundBuffer_Play returned = 0x%X.\n", hr));
+            if( hr != DS_OK )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_DS_SET_LAST_DIRECTSOUND_ERROR( hr );
+                goto error;
+            }
+            stream->outputIsRunning = TRUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( stream->streamRepresentation.streamCallback )
+    {
+        TIMECAPS timecaps;
+        int timerPeriodMs = (int)(stream->pollingPeriodSeconds * MSECS_PER_SECOND);
+        if( timerPeriodMs < 1 )
+            timerPeriodMs = 1;
+
+        /* set windows scheduler granularity only as fine as needed, no finer */
+        /* Although this is not fully documented by MS, it appears that
+           timeBeginPeriod() affects the scheduling granulatity of all timers
+           including Waitable Timer Objects. So we always call timeBeginPeriod, whether
+           we're using an MM timer callback via timeSetEvent or not.
+        */
+        assert( stream->systemTimerResolutionPeriodMs == 0 );
+        if( timeGetDevCaps( &timecaps, sizeof(TIMECAPS) ) == MMSYSERR_NOERROR && timecaps.wPeriodMin > 0 )
+        {
+            /* aim for resolution 4 times higher than polling rate */
+            stream->systemTimerResolutionPeriodMs = (UINT)((stream->pollingPeriodSeconds * MSECS_PER_SECOND) * .25);
+            if( stream->systemTimerResolutionPeriodMs < timecaps.wPeriodMin )
+                stream->systemTimerResolutionPeriodMs = timecaps.wPeriodMin;
+            if( stream->systemTimerResolutionPeriodMs > timecaps.wPeriodMax )
+                stream->systemTimerResolutionPeriodMs = timecaps.wPeriodMax;
+
+            if( timeBeginPeriod( stream->systemTimerResolutionPeriodMs ) != MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+                stream->systemTimerResolutionPeriodMs = 0; /* timeBeginPeriod failed, so we don't need to call timeEndPeriod() later */
+        }
+
+
+#ifdef PA_WIN_DS_USE_WMME_TIMER
+        /* Create timer that will wake us up so we can fill the DSound buffer. */
+        /* We have deprecated timeSetEvent because all MM timer callbacks
+           are serialised onto a single thread. Which creates problems with multiple
+           PA streams, or when also using timers for other time critical tasks
+        */
+        stream->timerID = timeSetEvent( timerPeriodMs, stream->systemTimerResolutionPeriodMs, (LPTIMECALLBACK) TimerCallback,
+                                             (DWORD_PTR) stream, TIME_PERIODIC | TIME_KILL_SYNCHRONOUS );
+
+        if( stream->timerID == 0 )
+        {
+            stream->isActive = 0;
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PA_DS_SET_LAST_DIRECTSOUND_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+            goto error;
+        }
+#else
+        /* Create processing thread which calls TimerCallback */
+
+        stream->processingThread = CREATE_THREAD( 0, 0, ProcessingThreadProc, stream, 0, &stream->processingThreadId );
+        if( !stream->processingThread )
+        {
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PA_DS_SET_LAST_DIRECTSOUND_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        if( !SetThreadPriority( stream->processingThread, THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL ) )
+        {
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PA_DS_SET_LAST_DIRECTSOUND_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+            goto error;
+        }
+#endif
+    }
+
+    stream->isActive = 1;
+    stream->isStarted = 1;
+
+    assert( result == paNoError );
+    return result;
+
+error:
+
+    if( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer != NULL && stream->outputIsRunning )
+        IDirectSoundBuffer_Stop( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer );
+    stream->outputIsRunning = FALSE;
+
+#ifndef PA_WIN_DS_USE_WMME_TIMER
+    if( stream->processingThread )
+    {
+#ifdef CLOSE_THREAD_HANDLE
+        CLOSE_THREAD_HANDLE( stream->processingThread ); /* Delete thread. */
+#endif
+        stream->processingThread = NULL;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/***********************************************************************************/
+static PaError StopStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaWinDsStream *stream = (PaWinDsStream*)s;
+    HRESULT          hr;
+    int timeoutMsec;
+
+    if( stream->streamRepresentation.streamCallback )
+    {
+        stream->stopProcessing = 1;
+
+        /* Set timeout at 4 times maximum time we might wait. */
+        timeoutMsec = (int) (4 * MSECS_PER_SECOND * (stream->hostBufferSizeFrames / stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate));
+
+        WaitForSingleObject( stream->processingCompleted, timeoutMsec );
+    }
+
+#ifdef PA_WIN_DS_USE_WMME_TIMER
+    if( stream->timerID != 0 )
+    {
+        timeKillEvent(stream->timerID);  /* Stop callback timer. */
+        stream->timerID = 0;
+    }
+#else
+    if( stream->processingThread )
+    {
+        if( WaitForSingleObject( stream->processingThreadCompleted, 30*100 ) == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+            return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+
+#ifdef CLOSE_THREAD_HANDLE
+        CloseHandle( stream->processingThread ); /* Delete thread. */
+        stream->processingThread = NULL;
+#endif
+
+    }
+#endif
+
+    if( stream->systemTimerResolutionPeriodMs > 0 ){
+        timeEndPeriod( stream->systemTimerResolutionPeriodMs );
+        stream->systemTimerResolutionPeriodMs = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( stream->bufferProcessor.outputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        // Stop the buffer playback
+        if( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer != NULL )
+        {
+            stream->outputIsRunning = FALSE;
+            // FIXME: what happens if IDirectSoundBuffer_Stop returns an error?
+            hr = IDirectSoundBuffer_Stop( stream->pDirectSoundOutputBuffer );
+
+            if( stream->pDirectSoundPrimaryBuffer )
+                IDirectSoundBuffer_Stop( stream->pDirectSoundPrimaryBuffer ); /* FIXME we never started the primary buffer so I'm not sure we need to stop it */
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( stream->bufferProcessor.inputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        // Stop the buffer capture
+        if( stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer != NULL )
+        {
+            // FIXME: what happens if IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Stop returns an error?
+            hr = IDirectSoundCaptureBuffer_Stop( stream->pDirectSoundInputBuffer );
+        }
+    }
+
+    stream->isStarted = 0;
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/***********************************************************************************/
+static PaError AbortStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaWinDsStream *stream = (PaWinDsStream*)s;
+
+    stream->abortProcessing = 1;
+    return StopStream( s );
+}
+
+
+/***********************************************************************************/
+static PaError IsStreamStopped( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaWinDsStream *stream = (PaWinDsStream*)s;
+
+    return !stream->isStarted;
+}
+
+
+/***********************************************************************************/
+static PaError IsStreamActive( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaWinDsStream *stream = (PaWinDsStream*)s;
+
+    return stream->isActive;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************************/
+static PaTime GetStreamTime( PaStream *s )
+{
+    /* suppress unused variable warnings */
+    (void) s;
+
+    return PaUtil_GetTime();
+}
+
+
+/***********************************************************************************/
+static double GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaWinDsStream *stream = (PaWinDsStream*)s;
+
+    return PaUtil_GetCpuLoad( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+}
+
+
+/***********************************************************************************
+    As separate stream interfaces are used for blocking and callback
+    streams, the following functions can be guaranteed to only be called
+    for blocking streams.
+*/
+
+static PaError ReadStream( PaStream* s,
+                           void *buffer,
+                           unsigned long frames )
+{
+    PaWinDsStream *stream = (PaWinDsStream*)s;
+
+    /* suppress unused variable warnings */
+    (void) buffer;
+    (void) frames;
+    (void) stream;
+
+    /* IMPLEMENT ME, see portaudio.h for required behavior*/
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+
+/***********************************************************************************/
+static PaError WriteStream( PaStream* s,
+                            const void *buffer,
+                            unsigned long frames )
+{
+    PaWinDsStream *stream = (PaWinDsStream*)s;
+
+    /* suppress unused variable warnings */
+    (void) buffer;
+    (void) frames;
+    (void) stream;
+
+    /* IMPLEMENT ME, see portaudio.h for required behavior*/
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+
+/***********************************************************************************/
+static signed long GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaWinDsStream *stream = (PaWinDsStream*)s;
+
+    /* suppress unused variable warnings */
+    (void) stream;
+
+    /* IMPLEMENT ME, see portaudio.h for required behavior*/
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+/***********************************************************************************/
+static signed long GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaWinDsStream *stream = (PaWinDsStream*)s;
+
+    /* suppress unused variable warnings */
+    (void) stream;
+
+    /* IMPLEMENT ME, see portaudio.h for required behavior*/
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/dsound/pa_win_ds_dynlink.c b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/dsound/pa_win_ds_dynlink.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e54df99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/dsound/pa_win_ds_dynlink.c
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+/*
+ * Interface for dynamically loading directsound and providing a dummy
+ * implementation if it isn't present.
+ *
+ * Author: Ross Bencina (some portions Phil Burk & Robert Marsanyi)
+ *
+ * For PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * For more information see: http://www.portaudio.com
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Phil Burk, Robert Marsanyi and Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/**
+ @file
+ @ingroup hostapi_src
+*/
+
+#include "pa_win_ds_dynlink.h"
+#include "pa_debugprint.h"
+
+PaWinDsDSoundEntryPoints paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
+
+
+static HRESULT WINAPI DummyDllGetClassObject(REFCLSID rclsid, REFIID riid, LPVOID *ppv)
+{
+    (void)rclsid; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)riid; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)ppv; /* unused parameter */
+    return CLASS_E_CLASSNOTAVAILABLE;
+}
+
+static HRESULT WINAPI DummyDirectSoundCreate(LPGUID lpcGuidDevice, LPDIRECTSOUND *ppDS, LPUNKNOWN pUnkOuter)
+{
+    (void)lpcGuidDevice; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)ppDS; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)pUnkOuter; /* unused parameter */
+    return E_NOTIMPL;
+}
+
+static HRESULT WINAPI DummyDirectSoundEnumerateW(LPDSENUMCALLBACKW lpDSEnumCallback, LPVOID lpContext)
+{
+    (void)lpDSEnumCallback; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)lpContext; /* unused parameter */
+    return E_NOTIMPL;
+}
+
+static HRESULT WINAPI DummyDirectSoundEnumerateA(LPDSENUMCALLBACKA lpDSEnumCallback, LPVOID lpContext)
+{
+    (void)lpDSEnumCallback; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)lpContext; /* unused parameter */
+    return E_NOTIMPL;
+}
+
+static HRESULT WINAPI DummyDirectSoundCaptureCreate(LPGUID lpcGUID, LPDIRECTSOUNDCAPTURE *lplpDSC, LPUNKNOWN pUnkOuter)
+{
+    (void)lpcGUID; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)lplpDSC; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)pUnkOuter; /* unused parameter */
+    return E_NOTIMPL;
+}
+
+static HRESULT WINAPI DummyDirectSoundCaptureEnumerateW(LPDSENUMCALLBACKW lpDSCEnumCallback, LPVOID lpContext)
+{
+    (void)lpDSCEnumCallback; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)lpContext; /* unused parameter */
+    return E_NOTIMPL;
+}
+
+static HRESULT WINAPI DummyDirectSoundCaptureEnumerateA(LPDSENUMCALLBACKA lpDSCEnumCallback, LPVOID lpContext)
+{
+    (void)lpDSCEnumCallback; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)lpContext; /* unused parameter */
+    return E_NOTIMPL;
+}
+
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_DIRECTSOUNDFULLDUPLEXCREATE
+static HRESULT WINAPI DummyDirectSoundFullDuplexCreate8(
+         LPCGUID pcGuidCaptureDevice,
+         LPCGUID pcGuidRenderDevice,
+         LPCDSCBUFFERDESC pcDSCBufferDesc,
+         LPCDSBUFFERDESC pcDSBufferDesc,
+         HWND hWnd,
+         DWORD dwLevel,
+         LPDIRECTSOUNDFULLDUPLEX * ppDSFD,
+         LPDIRECTSOUNDCAPTUREBUFFER8 * ppDSCBuffer8,
+         LPDIRECTSOUNDBUFFER8 * ppDSBuffer8,
+         LPUNKNOWN pUnkOuter)
+{
+    (void)pcGuidCaptureDevice; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)pcGuidRenderDevice; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)pcDSCBufferDesc; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)pcDSBufferDesc; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)hWnd; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)dwLevel; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)ppDSFD; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)ppDSCBuffer8; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)ppDSBuffer8; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)pUnkOuter; /* unused parameter */
+
+    return E_NOTIMPL;
+}
+#endif /* PAWIN_USE_DIRECTSOUNDFULLDUPLEXCREATE */
+
+void PaWinDs_InitializeDSoundEntryPoints(void)
+{
+    paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.hInstance_ = LoadLibraryA("dsound.dll");
+    if( paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.hInstance_ != NULL )
+    {
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DllGetClassObject =
+                (HRESULT (WINAPI *)(REFCLSID, REFIID , LPVOID *))
+                GetProcAddress( paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.hInstance_, "DllGetClassObject" );
+        if( paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DllGetClassObject == NULL )
+            paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DllGetClassObject = DummyDllGetClassObject;
+
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCreate =
+                (HRESULT (WINAPI *)(LPGUID, LPDIRECTSOUND *, LPUNKNOWN))
+                GetProcAddress( paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.hInstance_, "DirectSoundCreate" );
+        if( paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCreate == NULL )
+            paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCreate = DummyDirectSoundCreate;
+
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundEnumerateW =
+                (HRESULT (WINAPI *)(LPDSENUMCALLBACKW, LPVOID))
+                GetProcAddress( paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.hInstance_, "DirectSoundEnumerateW" );
+        if( paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundEnumerateW == NULL )
+            paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundEnumerateW = DummyDirectSoundEnumerateW;
+
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundEnumerateA =
+                (HRESULT (WINAPI *)(LPDSENUMCALLBACKA, LPVOID))
+                GetProcAddress( paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.hInstance_, "DirectSoundEnumerateA" );
+        if( paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundEnumerateA == NULL )
+            paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundEnumerateA = DummyDirectSoundEnumerateA;
+
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCaptureCreate =
+                (HRESULT (WINAPI *)(LPGUID, LPDIRECTSOUNDCAPTURE *, LPUNKNOWN))
+                GetProcAddress( paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.hInstance_, "DirectSoundCaptureCreate" );
+        if( paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCaptureCreate == NULL )
+            paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCaptureCreate = DummyDirectSoundCaptureCreate;
+
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCaptureEnumerateW =
+                (HRESULT (WINAPI *)(LPDSENUMCALLBACKW, LPVOID))
+                GetProcAddress( paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.hInstance_, "DirectSoundCaptureEnumerateW" );
+        if( paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCaptureEnumerateW == NULL )
+            paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCaptureEnumerateW = DummyDirectSoundCaptureEnumerateW;
+
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCaptureEnumerateA =
+                (HRESULT (WINAPI *)(LPDSENUMCALLBACKA, LPVOID))
+                GetProcAddress( paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.hInstance_, "DirectSoundCaptureEnumerateA" );
+        if( paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCaptureEnumerateA == NULL )
+            paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCaptureEnumerateA = DummyDirectSoundCaptureEnumerateA;
+
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_DIRECTSOUNDFULLDUPLEXCREATE
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundFullDuplexCreate8 =
+                (HRESULT (WINAPI *)(LPCGUID, LPCGUID, LPCDSCBUFFERDESC, LPCDSBUFFERDESC,
+                                    HWND, DWORD, LPDIRECTSOUNDFULLDUPLEX *, LPDIRECTSOUNDCAPTUREBUFFER8 *,
+                                    LPDIRECTSOUNDBUFFER8 *, LPUNKNOWN))
+                GetProcAddress( paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.hInstance_, "DirectSoundFullDuplexCreate" );
+        if( paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundFullDuplexCreate8 == NULL )
+            paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundFullDuplexCreate8 = DummyDirectSoundFullDuplexCreate8;
+#endif
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        DWORD errorCode = GetLastError(); // 126 (0x7E) == ERROR_MOD_NOT_FOUND
+        PA_DEBUG(("Couldn't load dsound.dll error code: %d \n",errorCode));
+
+        /* initialize with dummy entry points to make live easy when ds isn't present */
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCreate = DummyDirectSoundCreate;
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundEnumerateW = DummyDirectSoundEnumerateW;
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundEnumerateA = DummyDirectSoundEnumerateA;
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCaptureCreate = DummyDirectSoundCaptureCreate;
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCaptureEnumerateW = DummyDirectSoundCaptureEnumerateW;
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCaptureEnumerateA = DummyDirectSoundCaptureEnumerateA;
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_DIRECTSOUNDFULLDUPLEXCREATE
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundFullDuplexCreate8 = DummyDirectSoundFullDuplexCreate8;
+#endif
+    }
+}
+
+
+void PaWinDs_TerminateDSoundEntryPoints(void)
+{
+    if( paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.hInstance_ != NULL )
+    {
+        /* ensure that we crash reliably if the entry points aren't initialised */
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCreate = 0;
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundEnumerateW = 0;
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundEnumerateA = 0;
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCaptureCreate = 0;
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCaptureEnumerateW = 0;
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.DirectSoundCaptureEnumerateA = 0;
+
+        FreeLibrary( paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.hInstance_ );
+        paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints.hInstance_ = NULL;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/dsound/pa_win_ds_dynlink.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/dsound/pa_win_ds_dynlink.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2cdf6f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/dsound/pa_win_ds_dynlink.h
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+/*
+ * Interface for dynamically loading directsound and providing a dummy
+ * implementation if it isn't present.
+ *
+ * Author: Ross Bencina (some portions Phil Burk & Robert Marsanyi)
+ *
+ * For PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * For more information see: http://www.portaudio.com
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Phil Burk, Robert Marsanyi and Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/**
+ @file
+ @ingroup hostapi_src
+*/
+
+#ifndef INCLUDED_PA_DSOUND_DYNLINK_H
+#define INCLUDED_PA_DSOUND_DYNLINK_H
+
+/* on Borland compilers, WIN32 doesn't seem to be defined by default, which
+    breaks dsound.h. Adding the define here fixes the problem. - rossb. */
+#ifdef __BORLANDC__
+#if !defined(WIN32)
+#define WIN32
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/*
+  Use the earliest version of DX required, no need to pollute the namespace
+*/
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_DIRECTSOUNDFULLDUPLEXCREATE
+#define DIRECTSOUND_VERSION 0x0800
+#else
+#define DIRECTSOUND_VERSION 0x0300
+#endif
+#include <dsound.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    HINSTANCE hInstance_;
+
+    HRESULT (WINAPI *DllGetClassObject)(REFCLSID , REFIID , LPVOID *);
+
+    HRESULT (WINAPI *DirectSoundCreate)(LPGUID, LPDIRECTSOUND *, LPUNKNOWN);
+    HRESULT (WINAPI *DirectSoundEnumerateW)(LPDSENUMCALLBACKW, LPVOID);
+    HRESULT (WINAPI *DirectSoundEnumerateA)(LPDSENUMCALLBACKA, LPVOID);
+
+    HRESULT (WINAPI *DirectSoundCaptureCreate)(LPGUID, LPDIRECTSOUNDCAPTURE *, LPUNKNOWN);
+    HRESULT (WINAPI *DirectSoundCaptureEnumerateW)(LPDSENUMCALLBACKW, LPVOID);
+    HRESULT (WINAPI *DirectSoundCaptureEnumerateA)(LPDSENUMCALLBACKA, LPVOID);
+
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_DIRECTSOUNDFULLDUPLEXCREATE
+    HRESULT (WINAPI *DirectSoundFullDuplexCreate8)(
+                LPCGUID, LPCGUID, LPCDSCBUFFERDESC, LPCDSBUFFERDESC,
+                HWND, DWORD, LPDIRECTSOUNDFULLDUPLEX *, LPDIRECTSOUNDCAPTUREBUFFER8 *,
+                LPDIRECTSOUNDBUFFER8 *, LPUNKNOWN );
+#endif
+}PaWinDsDSoundEntryPoints;
+
+extern PaWinDsDSoundEntryPoints paWinDsDSoundEntryPoints;
+
+void PaWinDs_InitializeDSoundEntryPoints(void);
+void PaWinDs_TerminateDSoundEntryPoints(void);
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif /* INCLUDED_PA_DSOUND_DYNLINK_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/AudioSessionTypes.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/AudioSessionTypes.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..91e7213
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/AudioSessionTypes.h
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/**
+ * This file is part of the mingw-w64 runtime package.
+ * No warranty is given; refer to the file DISCLAIMER within this package.
+ */
+
+#include <winapifamily.h>
+
+#ifndef __AUDIOSESSIONTYPES__
+#define __AUDIOSESSIONTYPES__
+
+#if WINAPI_FAMILY_PARTITION (WINAPI_PARTITION_APP)
+#if defined (__WIDL__)
+#define MIDL_SIZE_IS(x) [size_is (x)]
+#define MIDL_STRING [string]
+#define MIDL_ANYSIZE_ARRAY
+#else
+#define MIDL_SIZE_IS(x)
+#define MIDL_STRING
+#define MIDL_ANYSIZE_ARRAY ANYSIZE_ARRAY
+#endif
+
+typedef enum _AudioSessionState {
+  AudioSessionStateInactive = 0,
+  AudioSessionStateActive = 1,
+  AudioSessionStateExpired = 2
+} AudioSessionState;
+
+typedef enum _AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE {
+  AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_SHARED,
+  AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE
+} AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE;
+
+typedef enum _AUDIO_STREAM_CATEGORY {
+  AudioCategory_Other = 0,
+  AudioCategory_ForegroundOnlyMedia,
+  AudioCategory_BackgroundCapableMedia,
+  AudioCategory_Communications,
+  AudioCategory_Alerts,
+  AudioCategory_SoundEffects,
+  AudioCategory_GameEffects,
+  AudioCategory_GameMedia,
+  AudioCategory_GameChat,
+  AudioCategory_Speech,
+  AudioCategory_Movie,
+  AudioCategory_Media
+} AUDIO_STREAM_CATEGORY;
+
+#define AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_CROSSPROCESS 0x00010000
+#define AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_LOOPBACK 0x00020000
+#define AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK 0x00040000
+#define AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_NOPERSIST 0x00080000
+#define AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_RATEADJUST 0x00100000
+#define AUDCLNT_SESSIONFLAGS_EXPIREWHENUNOWNED 0x10000000
+#define AUDCLNT_SESSIONFLAGS_DISPLAY_HIDE 0x20000000
+#define AUDCLNT_SESSIONFLAGS_DISPLAY_HIDEWHENEXPIRED 0x40000000
+
+#endif
+#endif
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/PropIdl.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/PropIdl.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..84832d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/PropIdl.h
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/**
+ * This file has no copyright assigned and is placed in the Public Domain.
+ * This file is part of the PortAudio library.
+ */
+#ifndef _INC_PROPIDL_PA
+#define _INC_PROPIDL_PA
+
+#ifndef COM_NO_WINDOWS_H
+#include "windows.h"
+#include "ole2.h"
+#endif
+
+typedef const PROPVARIANT *REFPROPVARIANT;
+
+#define PropVariantInit(VAR) memset((VAR), 0, sizeof(PROPVARIANT))
+WINOLEAPI PropVariantClear(PROPVARIANT *pvar);
+
+#endif /* _INC_PROPIDL_PA */
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ShTypes.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ShTypes.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd11186
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ShTypes.h
@@ -0,0 +1,359 @@
+/*** Autogenerated by WIDL 4.5 from shtypes.idl - Do not edit ***/
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#ifndef __REQUIRED_RPCNDR_H_VERSION__
+#define __REQUIRED_RPCNDR_H_VERSION__ 475
+#endif
+#include <rpc.h>
+#include <rpcndr.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifndef COM_NO_WINDOWS_H
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <ole2.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifndef __shtypes_h__
+#define __shtypes_h__
+
+/* Forward declarations */
+
+/* Headers for imported files */
+
+#include <unknwn.h>
+#include <wtypes.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of the mingw-w64 runtime package.
+ * No warranty is given; refer to the file DISCLAIMER within this package.
+ */
+
+
+#ifndef DUMMYUNIONNAME
+#ifdef NONAMELESSUNION
+#define DUMMYUNIONNAME   u
+#define DUMMYUNIONNAME2  u2
+#define DUMMYUNIONNAME3  u3
+#define DUMMYUNIONNAME4  u4
+#define DUMMYUNIONNAME5  u5
+#else
+#define DUMMYUNIONNAME
+#define DUMMYUNIONNAME2
+#define DUMMYUNIONNAME3
+#define DUMMYUNIONNAME4
+#define DUMMYUNIONNAME5
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#include <pshpack1.h>
+typedef struct _SHITEMID {
+    USHORT cb;
+    BYTE abID[1];
+} SHITEMID;
+#include <poppack.h>
+
+#if (defined(_X86_) && !defined(__x86_64))
+#undef __unaligned
+#define __unaligned
+#endif
+
+typedef SHITEMID *LPSHITEMID;
+typedef const SHITEMID *LPCSHITEMID;
+
+#include <pshpack1.h>
+typedef struct _ITEMIDLIST {
+    SHITEMID mkid;
+} ITEMIDLIST;
+
+#if defined(STRICT_TYPED_ITEMIDS) && defined(__cplusplus)
+  typedef struct _ITEMIDLIST_RELATIVE : ITEMIDLIST { } ITEMIDLIST_RELATIVE;
+  typedef struct _ITEMID_CHILD : ITEMIDLIST_RELATIVE { } ITEMID_CHILD;
+  typedef struct _ITEMIDLIST_ABSOLUTE : ITEMIDLIST_RELATIVE { } ITEMIDLIST_ABSOLUTE;
+#else
+typedef ITEMIDLIST ITEMIDLIST_RELATIVE;
+typedef ITEMIDLIST ITEMID_CHILD;
+typedef ITEMIDLIST ITEMIDLIST_ABSOLUTE;
+#endif
+#include <poppack.h>
+
+typedef BYTE_BLOB *wirePIDL;
+typedef ITEMIDLIST *LPITEMIDLIST;
+typedef const ITEMIDLIST *LPCITEMIDLIST;
+#if defined(STRICT_TYPED_ITEMIDS) && defined(__cplusplus)
+typedef ITEMIDLIST_ABSOLUTE *PIDLIST_ABSOLUTE;
+typedef const ITEMIDLIST_ABSOLUTE *PCIDLIST_ABSOLUTE;
+typedef const ITEMIDLIST_ABSOLUTE *PCUIDLIST_ABSOLUTE;
+typedef ITEMIDLIST_RELATIVE *PIDLIST_RELATIVE;
+typedef const ITEMIDLIST_RELATIVE *PCIDLIST_RELATIVE;
+typedef ITEMIDLIST_RELATIVE *PUIDLIST_RELATIVE;
+typedef const ITEMIDLIST_RELATIVE *PCUIDLIST_RELATIVE;
+typedef ITEMID_CHILD *PITEMID_CHILD;
+typedef const ITEMID_CHILD *PCITEMID_CHILD;
+typedef ITEMID_CHILD *PUITEMID_CHILD;
+typedef const ITEMID_CHILD *PCUITEMID_CHILD;
+typedef const PCUITEMID_CHILD *PCUITEMID_CHILD_ARRAY;
+typedef const PCUIDLIST_RELATIVE *PCUIDLIST_RELATIVE_ARRAY;
+typedef const PCIDLIST_ABSOLUTE *PCIDLIST_ABSOLUTE_ARRAY;
+typedef const PCUIDLIST_ABSOLUTE *PCUIDLIST_ABSOLUTE_ARRAY;
+#else
+#define PIDLIST_ABSOLUTE LPITEMIDLIST
+#define PCIDLIST_ABSOLUTE LPCITEMIDLIST
+#define PCUIDLIST_ABSOLUTE LPCITEMIDLIST
+#define PIDLIST_RELATIVE LPITEMIDLIST
+#define PCIDLIST_RELATIVE LPCITEMIDLIST
+#define PUIDLIST_RELATIVE LPITEMIDLIST
+#define PCUIDLIST_RELATIVE LPCITEMIDLIST
+#define PITEMID_CHILD LPITEMIDLIST
+#define PCITEMID_CHILD LPCITEMIDLIST
+#define PUITEMID_CHILD LPITEMIDLIST
+#define PCUITEMID_CHILD LPCITEMIDLIST
+#define PCUITEMID_CHILD_ARRAY LPCITEMIDLIST *
+#define PCUIDLIST_RELATIVE_ARRAY LPCITEMIDLIST *
+#define PCIDLIST_ABSOLUTE_ARRAY LPCITEMIDLIST *
+#define PCUIDLIST_ABSOLUTE_ARRAY LPCITEMIDLIST *
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+typedef struct _WIN32_FIND_DATAA {
+    DWORD dwFileAttributes;
+    FILETIME ftCreationTime;
+    FILETIME ftLastAccessTime;
+    FILETIME ftLastWriteTime;
+    DWORD nFileSizeHigh;
+    DWORD nFileSizeLow;
+    DWORD dwReserved0;
+    DWORD dwReserved1;
+    CHAR cFileName[260];
+    CHAR cAlternateFileName[14];
+} WIN32_FIND_DATAA;
+typedef struct _WIN32_FIND_DATAA *PWIN32_FIND_DATAA;
+typedef struct _WIN32_FIND_DATAA *LPWIN32_FIND_DATAA;
+
+typedef struct _WIN32_FIND_DATAW {
+    DWORD dwFileAttributes;
+    FILETIME ftCreationTime;
+    FILETIME ftLastAccessTime;
+    FILETIME ftLastWriteTime;
+    DWORD nFileSizeHigh;
+    DWORD nFileSizeLow;
+    DWORD dwReserved0;
+    DWORD dwReserved1;
+    WCHAR cFileName[260];
+    WCHAR cAlternateFileName[14];
+} WIN32_FIND_DATAW;
+typedef struct _WIN32_FIND_DATAW *PWIN32_FIND_DATAW;
+typedef struct _WIN32_FIND_DATAW *LPWIN32_FIND_DATAW;
+#endif
+
+typedef enum tagSTRRET_TYPE {
+    STRRET_WSTR = 0x0,
+    STRRET_OFFSET = 0x1,
+    STRRET_CSTR = 0x2
+} STRRET_TYPE;
+
+#include <pshpack8.h>
+typedef struct _STRRET {
+    UINT uType;
+    __C89_NAMELESS union {
+        LPWSTR pOleStr;
+        UINT uOffset;
+        char cStr[260];
+    } __C89_NAMELESSUNIONNAME;
+} STRRET;
+#include <poppack.h>
+
+typedef STRRET *LPSTRRET;
+
+#include <pshpack1.h>
+typedef struct _SHELLDETAILS {
+    int fmt;
+    int cxChar;
+    STRRET str;
+} SHELLDETAILS;
+typedef struct _SHELLDETAILS *LPSHELLDETAILS;
+#include <poppack.h>
+
+#if _WIN32_IE >= _WIN32_IE_IE60SP2
+typedef enum tagPERCEIVED {
+    PERCEIVED_TYPE_FIRST = -3,
+    PERCEIVED_TYPE_CUSTOM = -3,
+    PERCEIVED_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED = -2,
+    PERCEIVED_TYPE_FOLDER = -1,
+    PERCEIVED_TYPE_UNKNOWN = 0,
+    PERCEIVED_TYPE_TEXT = 1,
+    PERCEIVED_TYPE_IMAGE = 2,
+    PERCEIVED_TYPE_AUDIO = 3,
+    PERCEIVED_TYPE_VIDEO = 4,
+    PERCEIVED_TYPE_COMPRESSED = 5,
+    PERCEIVED_TYPE_DOCUMENT = 6,
+    PERCEIVED_TYPE_SYSTEM = 7,
+    PERCEIVED_TYPE_APPLICATION = 8,
+    PERCEIVED_TYPE_GAMEMEDIA = 9,
+    PERCEIVED_TYPE_CONTACTS = 10,
+    PERCEIVED_TYPE_LAST = 10
+} PERCEIVED;
+
+#define PERCEIVEDFLAG_UNDEFINED 0x0000
+#define PERCEIVEDFLAG_SOFTCODED 0x0001
+#define PERCEIVEDFLAG_HARDCODED 0x0002
+#define PERCEIVEDFLAG_NATIVESUPPORT 0x0004
+#define PERCEIVEDFLAG_GDIPLUS 0x0010
+#define PERCEIVEDFLAG_WMSDK 0x0020
+#define PERCEIVEDFLAG_ZIPFOLDER 0x0040
+
+typedef DWORD PERCEIVEDFLAG;
+#endif
+
+typedef struct _COMDLG_FILTERSPEC {
+    LPCWSTR pszName;
+    LPCWSTR pszSpec;
+} COMDLG_FILTERSPEC;
+
+typedef GUID KNOWNFOLDERID;
+
+#if 0
+typedef KNOWNFOLDERID *REFKNOWNFOLDERID;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+#define REFKNOWNFOLDERID const KNOWNFOLDERID &
+#else
+#define REFKNOWNFOLDERID const KNOWNFOLDERID * __MIDL_CONST
+#endif
+
+typedef DWORD KF_REDIRECT_FLAGS;
+
+typedef GUID FOLDERTYPEID;
+
+#if 0
+typedef FOLDERTYPEID *REFFOLDERTYPEID;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+#define REFFOLDERTYPEID const FOLDERTYPEID &
+#else
+#define REFFOLDERTYPEID const FOLDERTYPEID * __MIDL_CONST
+#endif
+
+typedef GUID TASKOWNERID;
+
+#if 0
+typedef TASKOWNERID *REFTASKOWNERID;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+#define REFTASKOWNERID const TASKOWNERID &
+#else
+#define REFTASKOWNERID const TASKOWNERID * __MIDL_CONST
+#endif
+
+typedef GUID ELEMENTID;
+
+#if 0
+typedef ELEMENTID *REFELEMENTID;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+#define REFELEMENTID const ELEMENTID &
+#else
+#define REFELEMENTID const ELEMENTID * __MIDL_CONST
+#endif
+
+#ifndef LF_FACESIZE
+typedef struct tagLOGFONTA {
+    LONG lfHeight;
+    LONG lfWidth;
+    LONG lfEscapement;
+    LONG lfOrientation;
+    LONG lfWeight;
+    BYTE lfItalic;
+    BYTE lfUnderline;
+    BYTE lfStrikeOut;
+    BYTE lfCharSet;
+    BYTE lfOutPrecision;
+    BYTE lfClipPrecision;
+    BYTE lfQuality;
+    BYTE lfPitchAndFamily;
+    CHAR lfFaceName[32];
+} LOGFONTA;
+
+typedef struct tagLOGFONTW {
+    LONG lfHeight;
+    LONG lfWidth;
+    LONG lfEscapement;
+    LONG lfOrientation;
+    LONG lfWeight;
+    BYTE lfItalic;
+    BYTE lfUnderline;
+    BYTE lfStrikeOut;
+    BYTE lfCharSet;
+    BYTE lfOutPrecision;
+    BYTE lfClipPrecision;
+    BYTE lfQuality;
+    BYTE lfPitchAndFamily;
+    WCHAR lfFaceName[32];
+} LOGFONTW;
+
+typedef LOGFONTA LOGFONT;
+#endif
+
+typedef enum tagSHCOLSTATE {
+    SHCOLSTATE_DEFAULT = 0x0,
+    SHCOLSTATE_TYPE_STR = 0x1,
+    SHCOLSTATE_TYPE_INT = 0x2,
+    SHCOLSTATE_TYPE_DATE = 0x3,
+    SHCOLSTATE_TYPEMASK = 0xf,
+    SHCOLSTATE_ONBYDEFAULT = 0x10,
+    SHCOLSTATE_SLOW = 0x20,
+    SHCOLSTATE_EXTENDED = 0x40,
+    SHCOLSTATE_SECONDARYUI = 0x80,
+    SHCOLSTATE_HIDDEN = 0x100,
+    SHCOLSTATE_PREFER_VARCMP = 0x200,
+    SHCOLSTATE_PREFER_FMTCMP = 0x400,
+    SHCOLSTATE_NOSORTBYFOLDERNESS = 0x800,
+    SHCOLSTATE_VIEWONLY = 0x10000,
+    SHCOLSTATE_BATCHREAD = 0x20000,
+    SHCOLSTATE_NO_GROUPBY = 0x40000,
+    SHCOLSTATE_FIXED_WIDTH = 0x1000,
+    SHCOLSTATE_NODPISCALE = 0x2000,
+    SHCOLSTATE_FIXED_RATIO = 0x4000,
+    SHCOLSTATE_DISPLAYMASK = 0xf000
+} SHCOLSTATE;
+
+typedef DWORD SHCOLSTATEF;
+typedef PROPERTYKEY SHCOLUMNID;
+typedef const SHCOLUMNID *LPCSHCOLUMNID;
+
+typedef enum DEVICE_SCALE_FACTOR {
+    DEVICE_SCALE_FACTOR_INVALID = 0,
+    SCALE_100_PERCENT = 100,
+    SCALE_120_PERCENT = 120,
+    SCALE_125_PERCENT = 125,
+    SCALE_140_PERCENT = 140,
+    SCALE_150_PERCENT = 150,
+    SCALE_160_PERCENT = 160,
+    SCALE_175_PERCENT = 175,
+    SCALE_180_PERCENT = 180,
+    SCALE_200_PERCENT = 200,
+    SCALE_225_PERCENT = 225,
+    SCALE_250_PERCENT = 250,
+    SCALE_300_PERCENT = 300,
+    SCALE_350_PERCENT = 350,
+    SCALE_400_PERCENT = 400,
+    SCALE_450_PERCENT = 450,
+    SCALE_500_PERCENT = 500
+} DEVICE_SCALE_FACTOR;
+/* Begin additional prototypes for all interfaces */
+
+
+/* End additional prototypes */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif /* __shtypes_h__ */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/audioclient.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/audioclient.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..60db0cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/audioclient.h
@@ -0,0 +1,1177 @@
+
+
+/* this ALWAYS GENERATED file contains the definitions for the interfaces */
+
+
+ /* File created by MIDL compiler version 7.00.0499 */
+/* Compiler settings for audioclient.idl:
+    Oicf, W1, Zp8, env=Win32 (32b run)
+    protocol : dce , ms_ext, c_ext, robust
+    error checks: allocation ref bounds_check enum stub_data 
+    VC __declspec() decoration level: 
+         __declspec(uuid()), __declspec(selectany), __declspec(novtable)
+         DECLSPEC_UUID(), MIDL_INTERFACE()
+*/
+//@@MIDL_FILE_HEADING(  )
+
+#pragma warning( disable: 4049 )  /* more than 64k source lines */
+
+
+/* verify that the <rpcndr.h> version is high enough to compile this file*/
+#ifndef __REQUIRED_RPCNDR_H_VERSION__
+#define __REQUIRED_RPCNDR_H_VERSION__ 475
+#endif
+
+/* verify that the <rpcsal.h> version is high enough to compile this file*/
+#ifndef __REQUIRED_RPCSAL_H_VERSION__
+#define __REQUIRED_RPCSAL_H_VERSION__ 100
+#endif
+
+#include "rpc.h"
+#include "rpcndr.h"
+
+#ifndef __RPCNDR_H_VERSION__
+#error this stub requires an updated version of <rpcndr.h>
+#endif // __RPCNDR_H_VERSION__
+
+#ifndef COM_NO_WINDOWS_H
+#include "windows.h"
+#include "ole2.h"
+#endif /*COM_NO_WINDOWS_H*/
+
+#ifndef __audioclient_h__
+#define __audioclient_h__
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1020)
+#pragma once
+#endif
+
+/* Forward Declarations */ 
+
+#ifndef __IAudioClient_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioClient_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioClient IAudioClient;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioClient_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioRenderClient_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioRenderClient_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioRenderClient IAudioRenderClient;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioRenderClient_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioCaptureClient_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioCaptureClient_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioCaptureClient IAudioCaptureClient;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioCaptureClient_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioClock_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioClock_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioClock IAudioClock;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioClock_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __ISimpleAudioVolume_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __ISimpleAudioVolume_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface ISimpleAudioVolume ISimpleAudioVolume;
+#endif 	/* __ISimpleAudioVolume_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioStreamVolume_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioStreamVolume_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioStreamVolume IAudioStreamVolume;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioStreamVolume_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IChannelAudioVolume_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IChannelAudioVolume_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IChannelAudioVolume IChannelAudioVolume;
+#endif 	/* __IChannelAudioVolume_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+/* header files for imported files */
+#include "wtypes.h"
+#include "unknwn.h"
+#include "AudioSessionTypes.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"{
+#endif 
+
+
+/* interface __MIDL_itf_audioclient_0000_0000 */
+/* [local] */ 
+
+#if 0
+typedef /* [hidden][restricted] */ struct WAVEFORMATEX
+    {
+    WORD wFormatTag;
+    WORD nChannels;
+    DWORD nSamplesPerSec;
+    DWORD nAvgBytesPerSec;
+    WORD nBlockAlign;
+    WORD wBitsPerSample;
+    WORD cbSize;
+    } 	WAVEFORMATEX;
+
+#else
+#include <mmreg.h>
+#endif
+#if 0
+typedef /* [hidden][restricted] */ LONGLONG REFERENCE_TIME;
+
+#else
+#define _IKsControl_
+#include <ks.h>
+#include <ksmedia.h>
+#endif
+
+enum _AUDCLNT_BUFFERFLAGS
+    {	AUDCLNT_BUFFERFLAGS_DATA_DISCONTINUITY	= 0x1,
+	AUDCLNT_BUFFERFLAGS_SILENT	= 0x2,
+	AUDCLNT_BUFFERFLAGS_TIMESTAMP_ERROR	= 0x4
+    } ;
+
+
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_audioclient_0000_0000_v0_0_c_ifspec;
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_audioclient_0000_0000_v0_0_s_ifspec;
+
+#ifndef __IAudioClient_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioClient_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IAudioClient */
+/* [local][unique][uuid][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IAudioClient;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("1CB9AD4C-DBFA-4c32-B178-C2F568A703B2")
+    IAudioClient : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Initialize( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE ShareMode,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  DWORD StreamFlags,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  REFERENCE_TIME hnsBufferDuration,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  REFERENCE_TIME hnsPeriodicity,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  const WAVEFORMATEX *pFormat,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID AudioSessionGuid) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetBufferSize( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT32 *pNumBufferFrames) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetStreamLatency( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  REFERENCE_TIME *phnsLatency) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetCurrentPadding( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT32 *pNumPaddingFrames) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE IsFormatSupported( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE ShareMode,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  const WAVEFORMATEX *pFormat,
+            /* [unique][out] */ 
+            __out_opt  WAVEFORMATEX **ppClosestMatch) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetMixFormat( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  WAVEFORMATEX **ppDeviceFormat) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetDevicePeriod( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  REFERENCE_TIME *phnsDefaultDevicePeriod,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  REFERENCE_TIME *phnsMinimumDevicePeriod) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Start( void) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Stop( void) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Reset( void) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetEventHandle( 
+            /* [in] */ HANDLE eventHandle) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetService( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __out  void **ppv) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IAudioClientVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IAudioClient * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IAudioClient * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IAudioClient * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Initialize )( 
+            IAudioClient * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE ShareMode,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  DWORD StreamFlags,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  REFERENCE_TIME hnsBufferDuration,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  REFERENCE_TIME hnsPeriodicity,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  const WAVEFORMATEX *pFormat,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID AudioSessionGuid);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetBufferSize )( 
+            IAudioClient * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT32 *pNumBufferFrames);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetStreamLatency )( 
+            IAudioClient * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  REFERENCE_TIME *phnsLatency);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetCurrentPadding )( 
+            IAudioClient * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT32 *pNumPaddingFrames);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *IsFormatSupported )( 
+            IAudioClient * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE ShareMode,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  const WAVEFORMATEX *pFormat,
+            /* [unique][out] */ 
+            __out_opt  WAVEFORMATEX **ppClosestMatch);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetMixFormat )( 
+            IAudioClient * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  WAVEFORMATEX **ppDeviceFormat);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetDevicePeriod )( 
+            IAudioClient * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  REFERENCE_TIME *phnsDefaultDevicePeriod,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  REFERENCE_TIME *phnsMinimumDevicePeriod);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Start )( 
+            IAudioClient * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Stop )( 
+            IAudioClient * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Reset )( 
+            IAudioClient * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetEventHandle )( 
+            IAudioClient * This,
+            /* [in] */ HANDLE eventHandle);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetService )( 
+            IAudioClient * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __out  void **ppv);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IAudioClientVtbl;
+
+    interface IAudioClient
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IAudioClientVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IAudioClient_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IAudioClient_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioClient_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IAudioClient_Initialize(This,ShareMode,StreamFlags,hnsBufferDuration,hnsPeriodicity,pFormat,AudioSessionGuid)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Initialize(This,ShareMode,StreamFlags,hnsBufferDuration,hnsPeriodicity,pFormat,AudioSessionGuid) ) 
+
+#define IAudioClient_GetBufferSize(This,pNumBufferFrames)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetBufferSize(This,pNumBufferFrames) ) 
+
+#define IAudioClient_GetStreamLatency(This,phnsLatency)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetStreamLatency(This,phnsLatency) ) 
+
+#define IAudioClient_GetCurrentPadding(This,pNumPaddingFrames)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetCurrentPadding(This,pNumPaddingFrames) ) 
+
+#define IAudioClient_IsFormatSupported(This,ShareMode,pFormat,ppClosestMatch)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> IsFormatSupported(This,ShareMode,pFormat,ppClosestMatch) ) 
+
+#define IAudioClient_GetMixFormat(This,ppDeviceFormat)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetMixFormat(This,ppDeviceFormat) ) 
+
+#define IAudioClient_GetDevicePeriod(This,phnsDefaultDevicePeriod,phnsMinimumDevicePeriod)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetDevicePeriod(This,phnsDefaultDevicePeriod,phnsMinimumDevicePeriod) ) 
+
+#define IAudioClient_Start(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Start(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioClient_Stop(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Stop(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioClient_Reset(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Reset(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioClient_SetEventHandle(This,eventHandle)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetEventHandle(This,eventHandle) ) 
+
+#define IAudioClient_GetService(This,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetService(This,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IAudioClient_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioRenderClient_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioRenderClient_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IAudioRenderClient */
+/* [local][unique][helpstring][uuid][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IAudioRenderClient;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("F294ACFC-3146-4483-A7BF-ADDCA7C260E2")
+    IAudioRenderClient : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetBuffer( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 NumFramesRequested,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  BYTE **ppData) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE ReleaseBuffer( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 NumFramesWritten,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  DWORD dwFlags) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IAudioRenderClientVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IAudioRenderClient * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IAudioRenderClient * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IAudioRenderClient * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetBuffer )( 
+            IAudioRenderClient * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 NumFramesRequested,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  BYTE **ppData);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *ReleaseBuffer )( 
+            IAudioRenderClient * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 NumFramesWritten,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  DWORD dwFlags);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IAudioRenderClientVtbl;
+
+    interface IAudioRenderClient
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IAudioRenderClientVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IAudioRenderClient_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IAudioRenderClient_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioRenderClient_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IAudioRenderClient_GetBuffer(This,NumFramesRequested,ppData)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetBuffer(This,NumFramesRequested,ppData) ) 
+
+#define IAudioRenderClient_ReleaseBuffer(This,NumFramesWritten,dwFlags)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> ReleaseBuffer(This,NumFramesWritten,dwFlags) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IAudioRenderClient_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioCaptureClient_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioCaptureClient_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IAudioCaptureClient */
+/* [local][unique][helpstring][uuid][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IAudioCaptureClient;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("C8ADBD64-E71E-48a0-A4DE-185C395CD317")
+    IAudioCaptureClient : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetBuffer( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  BYTE **ppData,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT32 *pNumFramesToRead,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  DWORD *pdwFlags,
+            /* [unique][out] */ 
+            __out_opt  UINT64 *pu64DevicePosition,
+            /* [unique][out] */ 
+            __out_opt  UINT64 *pu64QPCPosition) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE ReleaseBuffer( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 NumFramesRead) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetNextPacketSize( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT32 *pNumFramesInNextPacket) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IAudioCaptureClientVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IAudioCaptureClient * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IAudioCaptureClient * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IAudioCaptureClient * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetBuffer )( 
+            IAudioCaptureClient * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  BYTE **ppData,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT32 *pNumFramesToRead,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  DWORD *pdwFlags,
+            /* [unique][out] */ 
+            __out_opt  UINT64 *pu64DevicePosition,
+            /* [unique][out] */ 
+            __out_opt  UINT64 *pu64QPCPosition);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *ReleaseBuffer )( 
+            IAudioCaptureClient * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 NumFramesRead);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetNextPacketSize )( 
+            IAudioCaptureClient * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT32 *pNumFramesInNextPacket);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IAudioCaptureClientVtbl;
+
+    interface IAudioCaptureClient
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IAudioCaptureClientVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IAudioCaptureClient_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IAudioCaptureClient_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioCaptureClient_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IAudioCaptureClient_GetBuffer(This,ppData,pNumFramesToRead,pdwFlags,pu64DevicePosition,pu64QPCPosition)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetBuffer(This,ppData,pNumFramesToRead,pdwFlags,pu64DevicePosition,pu64QPCPosition) ) 
+
+#define IAudioCaptureClient_ReleaseBuffer(This,NumFramesRead)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> ReleaseBuffer(This,NumFramesRead) ) 
+
+#define IAudioCaptureClient_GetNextPacketSize(This,pNumFramesInNextPacket)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetNextPacketSize(This,pNumFramesInNextPacket) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IAudioCaptureClient_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+/* interface __MIDL_itf_audioclient_0000_0003 */
+/* [local] */ 
+
+#define AUDIOCLOCK_CHARACTERISTIC_FIXED_FREQ  0x00000001
+
+
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_audioclient_0000_0003_v0_0_c_ifspec;
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_audioclient_0000_0003_v0_0_s_ifspec;
+
+#ifndef __IAudioClock_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioClock_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IAudioClock */
+/* [local][unique][uuid][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IAudioClock;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("CD63314F-3FBA-4a1b-812C-EF96358728E7")
+    IAudioClock : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetFrequency( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT64 *pu64Frequency) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetPosition( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT64 *pu64Position,
+            /* [unique][out] */ 
+            __out_opt  UINT64 *pu64QPCPosition) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetCharacteristics( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  DWORD *pdwCharacteristics) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IAudioClockVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IAudioClock * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IAudioClock * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IAudioClock * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetFrequency )( 
+            IAudioClock * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT64 *pu64Frequency);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPosition )( 
+            IAudioClock * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT64 *pu64Position,
+            /* [unique][out] */ 
+            __out_opt  UINT64 *pu64QPCPosition);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetCharacteristics )( 
+            IAudioClock * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  DWORD *pdwCharacteristics);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IAudioClockVtbl;
+
+    interface IAudioClock
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IAudioClockVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IAudioClock_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IAudioClock_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioClock_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IAudioClock_GetFrequency(This,pu64Frequency)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetFrequency(This,pu64Frequency) ) 
+
+#define IAudioClock_GetPosition(This,pu64Position,pu64QPCPosition)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPosition(This,pu64Position,pu64QPCPosition) ) 
+
+#define IAudioClock_GetCharacteristics(This,pdwCharacteristics)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetCharacteristics(This,pdwCharacteristics) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IAudioClock_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __ISimpleAudioVolume_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __ISimpleAudioVolume_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface ISimpleAudioVolume */
+/* [local][unique][uuid][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_ISimpleAudioVolume;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("87CE5498-68D6-44E5-9215-6DA47EF883D8")
+    ISimpleAudioVolume : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetMasterVolume( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  float fLevel,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID EventContext) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetMasterVolume( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevel) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetMute( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  const BOOL bMute,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID EventContext) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetMute( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  BOOL *pbMute) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct ISimpleAudioVolumeVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            ISimpleAudioVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            ISimpleAudioVolume * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            ISimpleAudioVolume * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetMasterVolume )( 
+            ISimpleAudioVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  float fLevel,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID EventContext);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetMasterVolume )( 
+            ISimpleAudioVolume * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevel);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetMute )( 
+            ISimpleAudioVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  const BOOL bMute,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID EventContext);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetMute )( 
+            ISimpleAudioVolume * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  BOOL *pbMute);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } ISimpleAudioVolumeVtbl;
+
+    interface ISimpleAudioVolume
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct ISimpleAudioVolumeVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define ISimpleAudioVolume_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define ISimpleAudioVolume_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define ISimpleAudioVolume_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define ISimpleAudioVolume_SetMasterVolume(This,fLevel,EventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetMasterVolume(This,fLevel,EventContext) ) 
+
+#define ISimpleAudioVolume_GetMasterVolume(This,pfLevel)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetMasterVolume(This,pfLevel) ) 
+
+#define ISimpleAudioVolume_SetMute(This,bMute,EventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetMute(This,bMute,EventContext) ) 
+
+#define ISimpleAudioVolume_GetMute(This,pbMute)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetMute(This,pbMute) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __ISimpleAudioVolume_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioStreamVolume_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioStreamVolume_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IAudioStreamVolume */
+/* [local][unique][uuid][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IAudioStreamVolume;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("93014887-242D-4068-8A15-CF5E93B90FE3")
+    IAudioStreamVolume : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetChannelCount( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT32 *pdwCount) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetChannelVolume( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 dwIndex,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  const float fLevel) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetChannelVolume( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 dwIndex,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevel) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetAllVolumes( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 dwCount,
+            /* [size_is][in] */ 
+            __in_ecount(dwCount)  const float *pfVolumes) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetAllVolumes( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 dwCount,
+            /* [size_is][out] */ 
+            __out_ecount(dwCount)  float *pfVolumes) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IAudioStreamVolumeVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IAudioStreamVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IAudioStreamVolume * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IAudioStreamVolume * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetChannelCount )( 
+            IAudioStreamVolume * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT32 *pdwCount);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetChannelVolume )( 
+            IAudioStreamVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 dwIndex,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  const float fLevel);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetChannelVolume )( 
+            IAudioStreamVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 dwIndex,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevel);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetAllVolumes )( 
+            IAudioStreamVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 dwCount,
+            /* [size_is][in] */ 
+            __in_ecount(dwCount)  const float *pfVolumes);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetAllVolumes )( 
+            IAudioStreamVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 dwCount,
+            /* [size_is][out] */ 
+            __out_ecount(dwCount)  float *pfVolumes);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IAudioStreamVolumeVtbl;
+
+    interface IAudioStreamVolume
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IAudioStreamVolumeVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IAudioStreamVolume_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IAudioStreamVolume_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioStreamVolume_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IAudioStreamVolume_GetChannelCount(This,pdwCount)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetChannelCount(This,pdwCount) ) 
+
+#define IAudioStreamVolume_SetChannelVolume(This,dwIndex,fLevel)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetChannelVolume(This,dwIndex,fLevel) ) 
+
+#define IAudioStreamVolume_GetChannelVolume(This,dwIndex,pfLevel)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetChannelVolume(This,dwIndex,pfLevel) ) 
+
+#define IAudioStreamVolume_SetAllVolumes(This,dwCount,pfVolumes)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetAllVolumes(This,dwCount,pfVolumes) ) 
+
+#define IAudioStreamVolume_GetAllVolumes(This,dwCount,pfVolumes)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetAllVolumes(This,dwCount,pfVolumes) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IAudioStreamVolume_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IChannelAudioVolume_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IChannelAudioVolume_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IChannelAudioVolume */
+/* [local][unique][uuid][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IChannelAudioVolume;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("1C158861-B533-4B30-B1CF-E853E51C59B8")
+    IChannelAudioVolume : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetChannelCount( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT32 *pdwCount) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetChannelVolume( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 dwIndex,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  const float fLevel,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID EventContext) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetChannelVolume( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 dwIndex,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevel) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetAllVolumes( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 dwCount,
+            /* [size_is][in] */ 
+            __in_ecount(dwCount)  const float *pfVolumes,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID EventContext) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetAllVolumes( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 dwCount,
+            /* [size_is][out] */ 
+            __out_ecount(dwCount)  float *pfVolumes) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IChannelAudioVolumeVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IChannelAudioVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IChannelAudioVolume * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IChannelAudioVolume * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetChannelCount )( 
+            IChannelAudioVolume * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT32 *pdwCount);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetChannelVolume )( 
+            IChannelAudioVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 dwIndex,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  const float fLevel,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID EventContext);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetChannelVolume )( 
+            IChannelAudioVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 dwIndex,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevel);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetAllVolumes )( 
+            IChannelAudioVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 dwCount,
+            /* [size_is][in] */ 
+            __in_ecount(dwCount)  const float *pfVolumes,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID EventContext);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetAllVolumes )( 
+            IChannelAudioVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT32 dwCount,
+            /* [size_is][out] */ 
+            __out_ecount(dwCount)  float *pfVolumes);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IChannelAudioVolumeVtbl;
+
+    interface IChannelAudioVolume
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IChannelAudioVolumeVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IChannelAudioVolume_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IChannelAudioVolume_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IChannelAudioVolume_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IChannelAudioVolume_GetChannelCount(This,pdwCount)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetChannelCount(This,pdwCount) ) 
+
+#define IChannelAudioVolume_SetChannelVolume(This,dwIndex,fLevel,EventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetChannelVolume(This,dwIndex,fLevel,EventContext) ) 
+
+#define IChannelAudioVolume_GetChannelVolume(This,dwIndex,pfLevel)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetChannelVolume(This,dwIndex,pfLevel) ) 
+
+#define IChannelAudioVolume_SetAllVolumes(This,dwCount,pfVolumes,EventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetAllVolumes(This,dwCount,pfVolumes,EventContext) ) 
+
+#define IChannelAudioVolume_GetAllVolumes(This,dwCount,pfVolumes)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetAllVolumes(This,dwCount,pfVolumes) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IChannelAudioVolume_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+/* interface __MIDL_itf_audioclient_0000_0007 */
+/* [local] */ 
+
+#define FACILITY_AUDCLNT 0x889
+#define AUDCLNT_ERR(n) MAKE_HRESULT(SEVERITY_ERROR, FACILITY_AUDCLNT, n)
+#define AUDCLNT_SUCCESS(n) MAKE_SCODE(SEVERITY_SUCCESS, FACILITY_AUDCLNT, n)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_NOT_INITIALIZED            AUDCLNT_ERR(0x001)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_ALREADY_INITIALIZED        AUDCLNT_ERR(0x002)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_WRONG_ENDPOINT_TYPE        AUDCLNT_ERR(0x003)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_DEVICE_INVALIDATED         AUDCLNT_ERR(0x004)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_NOT_STOPPED                AUDCLNT_ERR(0x005)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_TOO_LARGE           AUDCLNT_ERR(0x006)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_OUT_OF_ORDER               AUDCLNT_ERR(0x007)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_UNSUPPORTED_FORMAT         AUDCLNT_ERR(0x008)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_INVALID_SIZE               AUDCLNT_ERR(0x009)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_DEVICE_IN_USE              AUDCLNT_ERR(0x00a)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_OPERATION_PENDING   AUDCLNT_ERR(0x00b)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_THREAD_NOT_REGISTERED      AUDCLNT_ERR(0x00c)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_EXCLUSIVE_MODE_NOT_ALLOWED AUDCLNT_ERR(0x00e)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_ENDPOINT_CREATE_FAILED     AUDCLNT_ERR(0x00f)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_SERVICE_NOT_RUNNING        AUDCLNT_ERR(0x010)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_EVENTHANDLE_NOT_EXPECTED     AUDCLNT_ERR(0x011)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_EXCLUSIVE_MODE_ONLY          AUDCLNT_ERR(0x012)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_BUFDURATION_PERIOD_NOT_EQUAL AUDCLNT_ERR(0x013)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_EVENTHANDLE_NOT_SET          AUDCLNT_ERR(0x014)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_INCORRECT_BUFFER_SIZE        AUDCLNT_ERR(0x015)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_SIZE_ERROR            AUDCLNT_ERR(0x016)
+#define AUDCLNT_E_CPUUSAGE_EXCEEDED            AUDCLNT_ERR(0x017)
+#define AUDCLNT_S_BUFFER_EMPTY              AUDCLNT_SUCCESS(0x001)
+#define AUDCLNT_S_THREAD_ALREADY_REGISTERED AUDCLNT_SUCCESS(0x002)
+#define AUDCLNT_S_POSITION_STALLED		   AUDCLNT_SUCCESS(0x003)
+
+
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_audioclient_0000_0007_v0_0_c_ifspec;
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_audioclient_0000_0007_v0_0_s_ifspec;
+
+/* Additional Prototypes for ALL interfaces */
+
+/* end of Additional Prototypes */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/devicetopology.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/devicetopology.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a1f75c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/devicetopology.h
@@ -0,0 +1,3275 @@
+
+
+/* this ALWAYS GENERATED file contains the definitions for the interfaces */
+
+
+ /* File created by MIDL compiler version 7.00.0499 */
+/* Compiler settings for devicetopology.idl:
+    Oicf, W1, Zp8, env=Win32 (32b run)
+    protocol : dce , ms_ext, c_ext, robust
+    error checks: allocation ref bounds_check enum stub_data 
+    VC __declspec() decoration level: 
+         __declspec(uuid()), __declspec(selectany), __declspec(novtable)
+         DECLSPEC_UUID(), MIDL_INTERFACE()
+*/
+//@@MIDL_FILE_HEADING(  )
+
+#pragma warning( disable: 4049 )  /* more than 64k source lines */
+
+
+/* verify that the <rpcndr.h> version is high enough to compile this file*/
+#ifndef __REQUIRED_RPCNDR_H_VERSION__
+#define __REQUIRED_RPCNDR_H_VERSION__ 500
+#endif
+
+/* verify that the <rpcsal.h> version is high enough to compile this file*/
+#ifndef __REQUIRED_RPCSAL_H_VERSION__
+#define __REQUIRED_RPCSAL_H_VERSION__ 100
+#endif
+
+#include "rpc.h"
+#include "rpcndr.h"
+
+#ifndef __RPCNDR_H_VERSION__
+#error this stub requires an updated version of <rpcndr.h>
+#endif // __RPCNDR_H_VERSION__
+
+#ifndef COM_NO_WINDOWS_H
+#include "windows.h"
+#include "ole2.h"
+#endif /*COM_NO_WINDOWS_H*/
+
+#ifndef __devicetopology_h__
+#define __devicetopology_h__
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1020)
+#pragma once
+#endif
+
+/* Forward Declarations */ 
+
+#ifndef __IKsControl_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IKsControl_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IKsControl IKsControl;
+#endif 	/* __IKsControl_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPerChannelDbLevel_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IPerChannelDbLevel_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IPerChannelDbLevel IPerChannelDbLevel;
+#endif 	/* __IPerChannelDbLevel_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioVolumeLevel_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioVolumeLevel_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioVolumeLevel IAudioVolumeLevel;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioVolumeLevel_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioChannelConfig_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioChannelConfig_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioChannelConfig IAudioChannelConfig;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioChannelConfig_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioLoudness_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioLoudness_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioLoudness IAudioLoudness;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioLoudness_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioInputSelector_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioInputSelector_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioInputSelector IAudioInputSelector;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioInputSelector_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioOutputSelector_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioOutputSelector_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioOutputSelector IAudioOutputSelector;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioOutputSelector_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioMute_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioMute_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioMute IAudioMute;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioMute_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioBass_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioBass_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioBass IAudioBass;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioBass_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioMidrange_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioMidrange_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioMidrange IAudioMidrange;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioMidrange_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioTreble_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioTreble_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioTreble IAudioTreble;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioTreble_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioAutoGainControl_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioAutoGainControl_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioAutoGainControl IAudioAutoGainControl;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioAutoGainControl_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioPeakMeter_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioPeakMeter_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioPeakMeter IAudioPeakMeter;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioPeakMeter_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IDeviceSpecificProperty_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IDeviceSpecificProperty_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IDeviceSpecificProperty IDeviceSpecificProperty;
+#endif 	/* __IDeviceSpecificProperty_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IKsFormatSupport_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IKsFormatSupport_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IKsFormatSupport IKsFormatSupport;
+#endif 	/* __IKsFormatSupport_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IKsJackDescription_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IKsJackDescription_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IKsJackDescription IKsJackDescription;
+#endif 	/* __IKsJackDescription_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPartsList_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IPartsList_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IPartsList IPartsList;
+#endif 	/* __IPartsList_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPart_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IPart_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IPart IPart;
+#endif 	/* __IPart_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IConnector_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IConnector_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IConnector IConnector;
+#endif 	/* __IConnector_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __ISubunit_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __ISubunit_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface ISubunit ISubunit;
+#endif 	/* __ISubunit_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IControlInterface_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IControlInterface_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IControlInterface IControlInterface;
+#endif 	/* __IControlInterface_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IControlChangeNotify_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IControlChangeNotify_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IControlChangeNotify IControlChangeNotify;
+#endif 	/* __IControlChangeNotify_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IDeviceTopology_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IDeviceTopology_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IDeviceTopology IDeviceTopology;
+#endif 	/* __IDeviceTopology_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __DeviceTopology_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __DeviceTopology_FWD_DEFINED__
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+typedef class DeviceTopology DeviceTopology;
+#else
+typedef struct DeviceTopology DeviceTopology;
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif 	/* __DeviceTopology_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPartsList_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IPartsList_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IPartsList IPartsList;
+#endif 	/* __IPartsList_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPerChannelDbLevel_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IPerChannelDbLevel_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IPerChannelDbLevel IPerChannelDbLevel;
+#endif 	/* __IPerChannelDbLevel_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioVolumeLevel_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioVolumeLevel_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioVolumeLevel IAudioVolumeLevel;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioVolumeLevel_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioLoudness_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioLoudness_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioLoudness IAudioLoudness;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioLoudness_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioInputSelector_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioInputSelector_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioInputSelector IAudioInputSelector;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioInputSelector_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioMute_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioMute_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioMute IAudioMute;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioMute_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioBass_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioBass_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioBass IAudioBass;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioBass_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioMidrange_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioMidrange_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioMidrange IAudioMidrange;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioMidrange_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioTreble_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioTreble_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioTreble IAudioTreble;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioTreble_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioAutoGainControl_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioAutoGainControl_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioAutoGainControl IAudioAutoGainControl;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioAutoGainControl_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioOutputSelector_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioOutputSelector_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioOutputSelector IAudioOutputSelector;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioOutputSelector_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioPeakMeter_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioPeakMeter_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioPeakMeter IAudioPeakMeter;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioPeakMeter_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IDeviceSpecificProperty_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IDeviceSpecificProperty_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IDeviceSpecificProperty IDeviceSpecificProperty;
+#endif 	/* __IDeviceSpecificProperty_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IKsFormatSupport_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IKsFormatSupport_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IKsFormatSupport IKsFormatSupport;
+#endif 	/* __IKsFormatSupport_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+/* header files for imported files */
+#include "oaidl.h"
+#include "ocidl.h"
+#include "propidl.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"{
+#endif 
+
+
+/* interface __MIDL_itf_devicetopology_0000_0000 */
+/* [local] */ 
+
+#define E_NOTFOUND HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_NOT_FOUND)
+//
+//   Flag for clients of IControlChangeNotify::OnNotify to allow those clients to identify hardware initiated notifications
+//
+#define DEVTOPO_HARDWARE_INITIATED_EVENTCONTEXT 'draH'
+/* E2C2E9DE-09B1-4B04-84E5-07931225EE04 */
+DEFINE_GUID(EVENTCONTEXT_VOLUMESLIDER, 0xE2C2E9DE,0x09B1,0x4B04,0x84, 0xE5, 0x07, 0x93, 0x12, 0x25, 0xEE, 0x04);
+#define _IKsControl_
+#include "ks.h"
+#include "ksmedia.h"
+#ifndef _KS_
+typedef /* [public] */ struct __MIDL___MIDL_itf_devicetopology_0000_0000_0001
+    {
+    ULONG FormatSize;
+    ULONG Flags;
+    ULONG SampleSize;
+    ULONG Reserved;
+    GUID MajorFormat;
+    GUID SubFormat;
+    GUID Specifier;
+    } 	KSDATAFORMAT;
+
+typedef struct __MIDL___MIDL_itf_devicetopology_0000_0000_0001 *PKSDATAFORMAT;
+
+typedef /* [public][public][public][public][public][public][public][public][public][public] */ struct __MIDL___MIDL_itf_devicetopology_0000_0000_0002
+    {
+    union 
+        {
+        struct 
+            {
+            GUID Set;
+            ULONG Id;
+            ULONG Flags;
+            } 	;
+        LONGLONG Alignment;
+        } 	;
+    } 	KSIDENTIFIER;
+
+typedef struct __MIDL___MIDL_itf_devicetopology_0000_0000_0002 *PKSIDENTIFIER;
+
+typedef /* [public][public][public][public] */ 
+enum __MIDL___MIDL_itf_devicetopology_0000_0000_0005
+    {	ePcxChanMap_FL_FR	= 0,
+	ePcxChanMap_FC_LFE	= ( ePcxChanMap_FL_FR + 1 ) ,
+	ePcxChanMap_BL_BR	= ( ePcxChanMap_FC_LFE + 1 ) ,
+	ePcxChanMap_FLC_FRC	= ( ePcxChanMap_BL_BR + 1 ) ,
+	ePcxChanMap_SL_SR	= ( ePcxChanMap_FLC_FRC + 1 ) ,
+	ePcxChanMap_Unknown	= ( ePcxChanMap_SL_SR + 1 ) 
+    } 	EChannelMapping;
+
+typedef /* [public][public][public][public] */ 
+enum __MIDL___MIDL_itf_devicetopology_0000_0000_0006
+    {	eConnTypeUnknown	= 0,
+	eConnTypeEighth	= ( eConnTypeUnknown + 1 ) ,
+	eConnTypeQuarter	= ( eConnTypeEighth + 1 ) ,
+	eConnTypeAtapiInternal	= ( eConnTypeQuarter + 1 ) ,
+	eConnTypeRCA	= ( eConnTypeAtapiInternal + 1 ) ,
+	eConnTypeOptical	= ( eConnTypeRCA + 1 ) ,
+	eConnTypeOtherDigital	= ( eConnTypeOptical + 1 ) ,
+	eConnTypeOtherAnalog	= ( eConnTypeOtherDigital + 1 ) ,
+	eConnTypeMultichannelAnalogDIN	= ( eConnTypeOtherAnalog + 1 ) ,
+	eConnTypeXlrProfessional	= ( eConnTypeMultichannelAnalogDIN + 1 ) ,
+	eConnTypeRJ11Modem	= ( eConnTypeXlrProfessional + 1 ) ,
+	eConnTypeCombination	= ( eConnTypeRJ11Modem + 1 ) 
+    } 	EPcxConnectionType;
+
+typedef /* [public][public][public][public] */ 
+enum __MIDL___MIDL_itf_devicetopology_0000_0000_0007
+    {	eGeoLocRear	= 0x1,
+	eGeoLocFront	= ( eGeoLocRear + 1 ) ,
+	eGeoLocLeft	= ( eGeoLocFront + 1 ) ,
+	eGeoLocRight	= ( eGeoLocLeft + 1 ) ,
+	eGeoLocTop	= ( eGeoLocRight + 1 ) ,
+	eGeoLocBottom	= ( eGeoLocTop + 1 ) ,
+	eGeoLocRearOPanel	= ( eGeoLocBottom + 1 ) ,
+	eGeoLocRiser	= ( eGeoLocRearOPanel + 1 ) ,
+	eGeoLocInsideMobileLid	= ( eGeoLocRiser + 1 ) ,
+	eGeoLocDrivebay	= ( eGeoLocInsideMobileLid + 1 ) ,
+	eGeoLocHDMI	= ( eGeoLocDrivebay + 1 ) ,
+	eGeoLocOutsideMobileLid	= ( eGeoLocHDMI + 1 ) ,
+	eGeoLocATAPI	= ( eGeoLocOutsideMobileLid + 1 ) ,
+	eGeoLocReserved5	= ( eGeoLocATAPI + 1 ) ,
+	eGeoLocReserved6	= ( eGeoLocReserved5 + 1 ) 
+    } 	EPcxGeoLocation;
+
+typedef /* [public][public][public][public] */ 
+enum __MIDL___MIDL_itf_devicetopology_0000_0000_0008
+    {	eGenLocPrimaryBox	= 0,
+	eGenLocInternal	= ( eGenLocPrimaryBox + 1 ) ,
+	eGenLocSeperate	= ( eGenLocInternal + 1 ) ,
+	eGenLocOther	= ( eGenLocSeperate + 1 ) 
+    } 	EPcxGenLocation;
+
+typedef /* [public][public][public][public] */ 
+enum __MIDL___MIDL_itf_devicetopology_0000_0000_0009
+    {	ePortConnJack	= 0,
+	ePortConnIntegratedDevice	= ( ePortConnJack + 1 ) ,
+	ePortConnBothIntegratedAndJack	= ( ePortConnIntegratedDevice + 1 ) ,
+	ePortConnUnknown	= ( ePortConnBothIntegratedAndJack + 1 ) 
+    } 	EPxcPortConnection;
+
+typedef /* [public][public] */ struct __MIDL___MIDL_itf_devicetopology_0000_0000_0010
+    {
+    EChannelMapping ChannelMapping;
+    COLORREF Color;
+    EPcxConnectionType ConnectionType;
+    EPcxGeoLocation GeoLocation;
+    EPcxGenLocation GenLocation;
+    EPxcPortConnection PortConnection;
+    BOOL IsConnected;
+    } 	KSJACK_DESCRIPTION;
+
+typedef struct __MIDL___MIDL_itf_devicetopology_0000_0000_0010 *PKSJACK_DESCRIPTION;
+
+typedef KSIDENTIFIER KSPROPERTY;
+
+typedef KSIDENTIFIER *PKSPROPERTY;
+
+typedef KSIDENTIFIER KSMETHOD;
+
+typedef KSIDENTIFIER *PKSMETHOD;
+
+typedef KSIDENTIFIER KSEVENT;
+
+typedef KSIDENTIFIER *PKSEVENT;
+
+#endif
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+typedef /* [public][public] */ 
+enum __MIDL___MIDL_itf_devicetopology_0000_0000_0011
+    {	In	= 0,
+	Out	= ( In + 1 ) 
+    } 	DataFlow;
+
+typedef /* [public][public] */ 
+enum __MIDL___MIDL_itf_devicetopology_0000_0000_0012
+    {	Connector	= 0,
+	Subunit	= ( Connector + 1 ) 
+    } 	PartType;
+
+#define PARTTYPE_FLAG_CONNECTOR 0x00010000
+#define PARTTYPE_FLAG_SUBUNIT   0x00020000
+#define PARTTYPE_MASK           0x00030000
+#define PARTID_MASK             0x0000ffff
+typedef /* [public][public] */ 
+enum __MIDL___MIDL_itf_devicetopology_0000_0000_0013
+    {	Unknown_Connector	= 0,
+	Physical_Internal	= ( Unknown_Connector + 1 ) ,
+	Physical_External	= ( Physical_Internal + 1 ) ,
+	Software_IO	= ( Physical_External + 1 ) ,
+	Software_Fixed	= ( Software_IO + 1 ) ,
+	Network	= ( Software_Fixed + 1 ) 
+    } 	ConnectorType;
+
+
+
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_devicetopology_0000_0000_v0_0_c_ifspec;
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_devicetopology_0000_0000_v0_0_s_ifspec;
+
+#ifndef __IKsControl_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IKsControl_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IKsControl */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IKsControl;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("28F54685-06FD-11D2-B27A-00A0C9223196")
+    IKsControl : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE KsProperty( 
+            /* [in] */ PKSPROPERTY Property,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG PropertyLength,
+            /* [out][in] */ void *PropertyData,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG DataLength,
+            /* [out] */ ULONG *BytesReturned) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE KsMethod( 
+            /* [in] */ PKSMETHOD Method,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG MethodLength,
+            /* [out][in] */ void *MethodData,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG DataLength,
+            /* [out] */ ULONG *BytesReturned) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE KsEvent( 
+            /* [in] */ PKSEVENT Event,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG EventLength,
+            /* [out][in] */ void *EventData,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG DataLength,
+            /* [out] */ ULONG *BytesReturned) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IKsControlVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IKsControl * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IKsControl * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IKsControl * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *KsProperty )( 
+            IKsControl * This,
+            /* [in] */ PKSPROPERTY Property,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG PropertyLength,
+            /* [out][in] */ void *PropertyData,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG DataLength,
+            /* [out] */ ULONG *BytesReturned);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *KsMethod )( 
+            IKsControl * This,
+            /* [in] */ PKSMETHOD Method,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG MethodLength,
+            /* [out][in] */ void *MethodData,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG DataLength,
+            /* [out] */ ULONG *BytesReturned);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *KsEvent )( 
+            IKsControl * This,
+            /* [in] */ PKSEVENT Event,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG EventLength,
+            /* [out][in] */ void *EventData,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG DataLength,
+            /* [out] */ ULONG *BytesReturned);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IKsControlVtbl;
+
+    interface IKsControl
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IKsControlVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IKsControl_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IKsControl_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IKsControl_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IKsControl_KsProperty(This,Property,PropertyLength,PropertyData,DataLength,BytesReturned)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> KsProperty(This,Property,PropertyLength,PropertyData,DataLength,BytesReturned) ) 
+
+#define IKsControl_KsMethod(This,Method,MethodLength,MethodData,DataLength,BytesReturned)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> KsMethod(This,Method,MethodLength,MethodData,DataLength,BytesReturned) ) 
+
+#define IKsControl_KsEvent(This,Event,EventLength,EventData,DataLength,BytesReturned)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> KsEvent(This,Event,EventLength,EventData,DataLength,BytesReturned) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IKsControl_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPerChannelDbLevel_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IPerChannelDbLevel_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IPerChannelDbLevel */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IPerChannelDbLevel;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("C2F8E001-F205-4BC9-99BC-C13B1E048CCB")
+    IPerChannelDbLevel : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetChannelCount( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pcChannels) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetLevelRange( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfMinLevelDB,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfMaxLevelDB,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfStepping) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetLevel( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevelDB) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetLevel( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  float fLevelDB,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetLevelUniform( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  float fLevelDB,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetLevelAllChannels( 
+            /* [size_is][in] */ 
+            __in_ecount(cChannels)  float aLevelsDB[  ],
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  ULONG cChannels,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IPerChannelDbLevelVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IPerChannelDbLevel * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IPerChannelDbLevel * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IPerChannelDbLevel * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetChannelCount )( 
+            IPerChannelDbLevel * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pcChannels);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetLevelRange )( 
+            IPerChannelDbLevel * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfMinLevelDB,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfMaxLevelDB,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfStepping);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetLevel )( 
+            IPerChannelDbLevel * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevelDB);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetLevel )( 
+            IPerChannelDbLevel * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  float fLevelDB,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetLevelUniform )( 
+            IPerChannelDbLevel * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  float fLevelDB,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetLevelAllChannels )( 
+            IPerChannelDbLevel * This,
+            /* [size_is][in] */ 
+            __in_ecount(cChannels)  float aLevelsDB[  ],
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  ULONG cChannels,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IPerChannelDbLevelVtbl;
+
+    interface IPerChannelDbLevel
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IPerChannelDbLevelVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IPerChannelDbLevel_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IPerChannelDbLevel_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IPerChannelDbLevel_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IPerChannelDbLevel_GetChannelCount(This,pcChannels)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetChannelCount(This,pcChannels) ) 
+
+#define IPerChannelDbLevel_GetLevelRange(This,nChannel,pfMinLevelDB,pfMaxLevelDB,pfStepping)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetLevelRange(This,nChannel,pfMinLevelDB,pfMaxLevelDB,pfStepping) ) 
+
+#define IPerChannelDbLevel_GetLevel(This,nChannel,pfLevelDB)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetLevel(This,nChannel,pfLevelDB) ) 
+
+#define IPerChannelDbLevel_SetLevel(This,nChannel,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetLevel(This,nChannel,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#define IPerChannelDbLevel_SetLevelUniform(This,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetLevelUniform(This,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#define IPerChannelDbLevel_SetLevelAllChannels(This,aLevelsDB,cChannels,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetLevelAllChannels(This,aLevelsDB,cChannels,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IPerChannelDbLevel_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioVolumeLevel_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioVolumeLevel_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IAudioVolumeLevel */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IAudioVolumeLevel;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("7FB7B48F-531D-44A2-BCB3-5AD5A134B3DC")
+    IAudioVolumeLevel : public IPerChannelDbLevel
+    {
+    public:
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IAudioVolumeLevelVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IAudioVolumeLevel * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IAudioVolumeLevel * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IAudioVolumeLevel * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetChannelCount )( 
+            IAudioVolumeLevel * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pcChannels);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetLevelRange )( 
+            IAudioVolumeLevel * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfMinLevelDB,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfMaxLevelDB,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfStepping);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetLevel )( 
+            IAudioVolumeLevel * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevelDB);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetLevel )( 
+            IAudioVolumeLevel * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  float fLevelDB,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetLevelUniform )( 
+            IAudioVolumeLevel * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  float fLevelDB,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetLevelAllChannels )( 
+            IAudioVolumeLevel * This,
+            /* [size_is][in] */ 
+            __in_ecount(cChannels)  float aLevelsDB[  ],
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  ULONG cChannels,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IAudioVolumeLevelVtbl;
+
+    interface IAudioVolumeLevel
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IAudioVolumeLevelVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IAudioVolumeLevel_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IAudioVolumeLevel_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioVolumeLevel_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IAudioVolumeLevel_GetChannelCount(This,pcChannels)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetChannelCount(This,pcChannels) ) 
+
+#define IAudioVolumeLevel_GetLevelRange(This,nChannel,pfMinLevelDB,pfMaxLevelDB,pfStepping)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetLevelRange(This,nChannel,pfMinLevelDB,pfMaxLevelDB,pfStepping) ) 
+
+#define IAudioVolumeLevel_GetLevel(This,nChannel,pfLevelDB)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetLevel(This,nChannel,pfLevelDB) ) 
+
+#define IAudioVolumeLevel_SetLevel(This,nChannel,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetLevel(This,nChannel,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#define IAudioVolumeLevel_SetLevelUniform(This,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetLevelUniform(This,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#define IAudioVolumeLevel_SetLevelAllChannels(This,aLevelsDB,cChannels,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetLevelAllChannels(This,aLevelsDB,cChannels,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IAudioVolumeLevel_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioChannelConfig_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioChannelConfig_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IAudioChannelConfig */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IAudioChannelConfig;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("BB11C46F-EC28-493C-B88A-5DB88062CE98")
+    IAudioChannelConfig : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetChannelConfig( 
+            /* [in] */ DWORD dwConfig,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetChannelConfig( 
+            /* [retval][out] */ DWORD *pdwConfig) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IAudioChannelConfigVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IAudioChannelConfig * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IAudioChannelConfig * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IAudioChannelConfig * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetChannelConfig )( 
+            IAudioChannelConfig * This,
+            /* [in] */ DWORD dwConfig,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetChannelConfig )( 
+            IAudioChannelConfig * This,
+            /* [retval][out] */ DWORD *pdwConfig);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IAudioChannelConfigVtbl;
+
+    interface IAudioChannelConfig
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IAudioChannelConfigVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IAudioChannelConfig_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IAudioChannelConfig_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioChannelConfig_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IAudioChannelConfig_SetChannelConfig(This,dwConfig,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetChannelConfig(This,dwConfig,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#define IAudioChannelConfig_GetChannelConfig(This,pdwConfig)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetChannelConfig(This,pdwConfig) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IAudioChannelConfig_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioLoudness_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioLoudness_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IAudioLoudness */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IAudioLoudness;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("7D8B1437-DD53-4350-9C1B-1EE2890BD938")
+    IAudioLoudness : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetEnabled( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  BOOL *pbEnabled) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetEnabled( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  BOOL bEnable,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IAudioLoudnessVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IAudioLoudness * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IAudioLoudness * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IAudioLoudness * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetEnabled )( 
+            IAudioLoudness * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  BOOL *pbEnabled);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetEnabled )( 
+            IAudioLoudness * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  BOOL bEnable,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IAudioLoudnessVtbl;
+
+    interface IAudioLoudness
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IAudioLoudnessVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IAudioLoudness_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IAudioLoudness_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioLoudness_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IAudioLoudness_GetEnabled(This,pbEnabled)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetEnabled(This,pbEnabled) ) 
+
+#define IAudioLoudness_SetEnabled(This,bEnable,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetEnabled(This,bEnable,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IAudioLoudness_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioInputSelector_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioInputSelector_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IAudioInputSelector */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IAudioInputSelector;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("4F03DC02-5E6E-4653-8F72-A030C123D598")
+    IAudioInputSelector : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetSelection( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pnIdSelected) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetSelection( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nIdSelect,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IAudioInputSelectorVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IAudioInputSelector * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IAudioInputSelector * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IAudioInputSelector * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetSelection )( 
+            IAudioInputSelector * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pnIdSelected);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetSelection )( 
+            IAudioInputSelector * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nIdSelect,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IAudioInputSelectorVtbl;
+
+    interface IAudioInputSelector
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IAudioInputSelectorVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IAudioInputSelector_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IAudioInputSelector_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioInputSelector_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IAudioInputSelector_GetSelection(This,pnIdSelected)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetSelection(This,pnIdSelected) ) 
+
+#define IAudioInputSelector_SetSelection(This,nIdSelect,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetSelection(This,nIdSelect,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IAudioInputSelector_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioOutputSelector_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioOutputSelector_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IAudioOutputSelector */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IAudioOutputSelector;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("BB515F69-94A7-429e-8B9C-271B3F11A3AB")
+    IAudioOutputSelector : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetSelection( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pnIdSelected) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetSelection( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nIdSelect,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IAudioOutputSelectorVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IAudioOutputSelector * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IAudioOutputSelector * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IAudioOutputSelector * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetSelection )( 
+            IAudioOutputSelector * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pnIdSelected);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetSelection )( 
+            IAudioOutputSelector * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nIdSelect,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IAudioOutputSelectorVtbl;
+
+    interface IAudioOutputSelector
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IAudioOutputSelectorVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IAudioOutputSelector_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IAudioOutputSelector_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioOutputSelector_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IAudioOutputSelector_GetSelection(This,pnIdSelected)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetSelection(This,pnIdSelected) ) 
+
+#define IAudioOutputSelector_SetSelection(This,nIdSelect,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetSelection(This,nIdSelect,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IAudioOutputSelector_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioMute_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioMute_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IAudioMute */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IAudioMute;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("DF45AEEA-B74A-4B6B-AFAD-2366B6AA012E")
+    IAudioMute : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetMute( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  BOOL bMuted,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetMute( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  BOOL *pbMuted) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IAudioMuteVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IAudioMute * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IAudioMute * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IAudioMute * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetMute )( 
+            IAudioMute * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  BOOL bMuted,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetMute )( 
+            IAudioMute * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  BOOL *pbMuted);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IAudioMuteVtbl;
+
+    interface IAudioMute
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IAudioMuteVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IAudioMute_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IAudioMute_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioMute_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IAudioMute_SetMute(This,bMuted,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetMute(This,bMuted,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#define IAudioMute_GetMute(This,pbMuted)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetMute(This,pbMuted) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IAudioMute_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioBass_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioBass_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IAudioBass */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IAudioBass;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("A2B1A1D9-4DB3-425D-A2B2-BD335CB3E2E5")
+    IAudioBass : public IPerChannelDbLevel
+    {
+    public:
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IAudioBassVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IAudioBass * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IAudioBass * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IAudioBass * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetChannelCount )( 
+            IAudioBass * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pcChannels);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetLevelRange )( 
+            IAudioBass * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfMinLevelDB,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfMaxLevelDB,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfStepping);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetLevel )( 
+            IAudioBass * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevelDB);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetLevel )( 
+            IAudioBass * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  float fLevelDB,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetLevelUniform )( 
+            IAudioBass * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  float fLevelDB,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetLevelAllChannels )( 
+            IAudioBass * This,
+            /* [size_is][in] */ 
+            __in_ecount(cChannels)  float aLevelsDB[  ],
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  ULONG cChannels,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IAudioBassVtbl;
+
+    interface IAudioBass
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IAudioBassVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IAudioBass_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IAudioBass_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioBass_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IAudioBass_GetChannelCount(This,pcChannels)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetChannelCount(This,pcChannels) ) 
+
+#define IAudioBass_GetLevelRange(This,nChannel,pfMinLevelDB,pfMaxLevelDB,pfStepping)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetLevelRange(This,nChannel,pfMinLevelDB,pfMaxLevelDB,pfStepping) ) 
+
+#define IAudioBass_GetLevel(This,nChannel,pfLevelDB)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetLevel(This,nChannel,pfLevelDB) ) 
+
+#define IAudioBass_SetLevel(This,nChannel,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetLevel(This,nChannel,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#define IAudioBass_SetLevelUniform(This,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetLevelUniform(This,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#define IAudioBass_SetLevelAllChannels(This,aLevelsDB,cChannels,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetLevelAllChannels(This,aLevelsDB,cChannels,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IAudioBass_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioMidrange_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioMidrange_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IAudioMidrange */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IAudioMidrange;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("5E54B6D7-B44B-40D9-9A9E-E691D9CE6EDF")
+    IAudioMidrange : public IPerChannelDbLevel
+    {
+    public:
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IAudioMidrangeVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IAudioMidrange * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IAudioMidrange * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IAudioMidrange * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetChannelCount )( 
+            IAudioMidrange * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pcChannels);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetLevelRange )( 
+            IAudioMidrange * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfMinLevelDB,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfMaxLevelDB,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfStepping);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetLevel )( 
+            IAudioMidrange * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevelDB);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetLevel )( 
+            IAudioMidrange * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  float fLevelDB,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetLevelUniform )( 
+            IAudioMidrange * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  float fLevelDB,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetLevelAllChannels )( 
+            IAudioMidrange * This,
+            /* [size_is][in] */ 
+            __in_ecount(cChannels)  float aLevelsDB[  ],
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  ULONG cChannels,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IAudioMidrangeVtbl;
+
+    interface IAudioMidrange
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IAudioMidrangeVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IAudioMidrange_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IAudioMidrange_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioMidrange_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IAudioMidrange_GetChannelCount(This,pcChannels)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetChannelCount(This,pcChannels) ) 
+
+#define IAudioMidrange_GetLevelRange(This,nChannel,pfMinLevelDB,pfMaxLevelDB,pfStepping)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetLevelRange(This,nChannel,pfMinLevelDB,pfMaxLevelDB,pfStepping) ) 
+
+#define IAudioMidrange_GetLevel(This,nChannel,pfLevelDB)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetLevel(This,nChannel,pfLevelDB) ) 
+
+#define IAudioMidrange_SetLevel(This,nChannel,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetLevel(This,nChannel,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#define IAudioMidrange_SetLevelUniform(This,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetLevelUniform(This,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#define IAudioMidrange_SetLevelAllChannels(This,aLevelsDB,cChannels,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetLevelAllChannels(This,aLevelsDB,cChannels,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IAudioMidrange_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioTreble_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioTreble_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IAudioTreble */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IAudioTreble;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("0A717812-694E-4907-B74B-BAFA5CFDCA7B")
+    IAudioTreble : public IPerChannelDbLevel
+    {
+    public:
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IAudioTrebleVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IAudioTreble * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IAudioTreble * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IAudioTreble * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetChannelCount )( 
+            IAudioTreble * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pcChannels);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetLevelRange )( 
+            IAudioTreble * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfMinLevelDB,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfMaxLevelDB,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfStepping);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetLevel )( 
+            IAudioTreble * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevelDB);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetLevel )( 
+            IAudioTreble * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  float fLevelDB,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetLevelUniform )( 
+            IAudioTreble * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  float fLevelDB,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetLevelAllChannels )( 
+            IAudioTreble * This,
+            /* [size_is][in] */ 
+            __in_ecount(cChannels)  float aLevelsDB[  ],
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  ULONG cChannels,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IAudioTrebleVtbl;
+
+    interface IAudioTreble
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IAudioTrebleVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IAudioTreble_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IAudioTreble_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioTreble_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IAudioTreble_GetChannelCount(This,pcChannels)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetChannelCount(This,pcChannels) ) 
+
+#define IAudioTreble_GetLevelRange(This,nChannel,pfMinLevelDB,pfMaxLevelDB,pfStepping)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetLevelRange(This,nChannel,pfMinLevelDB,pfMaxLevelDB,pfStepping) ) 
+
+#define IAudioTreble_GetLevel(This,nChannel,pfLevelDB)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetLevel(This,nChannel,pfLevelDB) ) 
+
+#define IAudioTreble_SetLevel(This,nChannel,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetLevel(This,nChannel,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#define IAudioTreble_SetLevelUniform(This,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetLevelUniform(This,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#define IAudioTreble_SetLevelAllChannels(This,aLevelsDB,cChannels,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetLevelAllChannels(This,aLevelsDB,cChannels,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IAudioTreble_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioAutoGainControl_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioAutoGainControl_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IAudioAutoGainControl */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IAudioAutoGainControl;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("85401FD4-6DE4-4b9d-9869-2D6753A82F3C")
+    IAudioAutoGainControl : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetEnabled( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  BOOL *pbEnabled) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetEnabled( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  BOOL bEnable,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IAudioAutoGainControlVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IAudioAutoGainControl * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IAudioAutoGainControl * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IAudioAutoGainControl * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetEnabled )( 
+            IAudioAutoGainControl * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  BOOL *pbEnabled);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetEnabled )( 
+            IAudioAutoGainControl * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  BOOL bEnable,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IAudioAutoGainControlVtbl;
+
+    interface IAudioAutoGainControl
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IAudioAutoGainControlVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IAudioAutoGainControl_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IAudioAutoGainControl_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioAutoGainControl_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IAudioAutoGainControl_GetEnabled(This,pbEnabled)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetEnabled(This,pbEnabled) ) 
+
+#define IAudioAutoGainControl_SetEnabled(This,bEnable,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetEnabled(This,bEnable,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IAudioAutoGainControl_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioPeakMeter_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioPeakMeter_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IAudioPeakMeter */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IAudioPeakMeter;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("DD79923C-0599-45e0-B8B6-C8DF7DB6E796")
+    IAudioPeakMeter : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetChannelCount( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pcChannels) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetLevel( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevel) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IAudioPeakMeterVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IAudioPeakMeter * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IAudioPeakMeter * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IAudioPeakMeter * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetChannelCount )( 
+            IAudioPeakMeter * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pcChannels);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetLevel )( 
+            IAudioPeakMeter * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevel);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IAudioPeakMeterVtbl;
+
+    interface IAudioPeakMeter
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IAudioPeakMeterVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IAudioPeakMeter_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IAudioPeakMeter_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioPeakMeter_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IAudioPeakMeter_GetChannelCount(This,pcChannels)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetChannelCount(This,pcChannels) ) 
+
+#define IAudioPeakMeter_GetLevel(This,nChannel,pfLevel)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetLevel(This,nChannel,pfLevel) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IAudioPeakMeter_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IDeviceSpecificProperty_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IDeviceSpecificProperty_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IDeviceSpecificProperty */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IDeviceSpecificProperty;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("3B22BCBF-2586-4af0-8583-205D391B807C")
+    IDeviceSpecificProperty : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetType( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  VARTYPE *pVType) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetValue( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  void *pvValue,
+            /* [out][in] */ 
+            __inout  DWORD *pcbValue) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetValue( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  void *pvValue,
+            /* [in] */ DWORD cbValue,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Get4BRange( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  LONG *plMin,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  LONG *plMax,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  LONG *plStepping) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IDeviceSpecificPropertyVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IDeviceSpecificProperty * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IDeviceSpecificProperty * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IDeviceSpecificProperty * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetType )( 
+            IDeviceSpecificProperty * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  VARTYPE *pVType);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetValue )( 
+            IDeviceSpecificProperty * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  void *pvValue,
+            /* [out][in] */ 
+            __inout  DWORD *pcbValue);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetValue )( 
+            IDeviceSpecificProperty * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  void *pvValue,
+            /* [in] */ DWORD cbValue,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Get4BRange )( 
+            IDeviceSpecificProperty * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  LONG *plMin,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  LONG *plMax,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  LONG *plStepping);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IDeviceSpecificPropertyVtbl;
+
+    interface IDeviceSpecificProperty
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IDeviceSpecificPropertyVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IDeviceSpecificProperty_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IDeviceSpecificProperty_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IDeviceSpecificProperty_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IDeviceSpecificProperty_GetType(This,pVType)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetType(This,pVType) ) 
+
+#define IDeviceSpecificProperty_GetValue(This,pvValue,pcbValue)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetValue(This,pvValue,pcbValue) ) 
+
+#define IDeviceSpecificProperty_SetValue(This,pvValue,cbValue,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetValue(This,pvValue,cbValue,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#define IDeviceSpecificProperty_Get4BRange(This,plMin,plMax,plStepping)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Get4BRange(This,plMin,plMax,plStepping) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IDeviceSpecificProperty_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IKsFormatSupport_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IKsFormatSupport_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IKsFormatSupport */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IKsFormatSupport;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("3CB4A69D-BB6F-4D2B-95B7-452D2C155DB5")
+    IKsFormatSupport : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE IsFormatSupported( 
+            /* [size_is][in] */ PKSDATAFORMAT pKsFormat,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  DWORD cbFormat,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  BOOL *pbSupported) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetDevicePreferredFormat( 
+            /* [out] */ PKSDATAFORMAT *ppKsFormat) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IKsFormatSupportVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IKsFormatSupport * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IKsFormatSupport * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IKsFormatSupport * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *IsFormatSupported )( 
+            IKsFormatSupport * This,
+            /* [size_is][in] */ PKSDATAFORMAT pKsFormat,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  DWORD cbFormat,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  BOOL *pbSupported);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetDevicePreferredFormat )( 
+            IKsFormatSupport * This,
+            /* [out] */ PKSDATAFORMAT *ppKsFormat);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IKsFormatSupportVtbl;
+
+    interface IKsFormatSupport
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IKsFormatSupportVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IKsFormatSupport_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IKsFormatSupport_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IKsFormatSupport_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IKsFormatSupport_IsFormatSupported(This,pKsFormat,cbFormat,pbSupported)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> IsFormatSupported(This,pKsFormat,cbFormat,pbSupported) ) 
+
+#define IKsFormatSupport_GetDevicePreferredFormat(This,ppKsFormat)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetDevicePreferredFormat(This,ppKsFormat) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IKsFormatSupport_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IKsJackDescription_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IKsJackDescription_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IKsJackDescription */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IKsJackDescription;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("4509F757-2D46-4637-8E62-CE7DB944F57B")
+    IKsJackDescription : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetJackCount( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pcJacks) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetJackDescription( 
+            /* [in] */ UINT nJack,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  KSJACK_DESCRIPTION *pDescription) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IKsJackDescriptionVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IKsJackDescription * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IKsJackDescription * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IKsJackDescription * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetJackCount )( 
+            IKsJackDescription * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pcJacks);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetJackDescription )( 
+            IKsJackDescription * This,
+            /* [in] */ UINT nJack,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  KSJACK_DESCRIPTION *pDescription);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IKsJackDescriptionVtbl;
+
+    interface IKsJackDescription
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IKsJackDescriptionVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IKsJackDescription_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IKsJackDescription_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IKsJackDescription_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IKsJackDescription_GetJackCount(This,pcJacks)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetJackCount(This,pcJacks) ) 
+
+#define IKsJackDescription_GetJackDescription(This,nJack,pDescription)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetJackDescription(This,nJack,pDescription) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IKsJackDescription_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPartsList_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IPartsList_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IPartsList */
+/* [object][unique][helpstring][uuid][local] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IPartsList;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("6DAA848C-5EB0-45CC-AEA5-998A2CDA1FFB")
+    IPartsList : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetCount( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pCount) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetPart( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nIndex,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IPart **ppPart) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IPartsListVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IPartsList * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IPartsList * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IPartsList * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetCount )( 
+            IPartsList * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pCount);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPart )( 
+            IPartsList * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nIndex,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IPart **ppPart);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IPartsListVtbl;
+
+    interface IPartsList
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IPartsListVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IPartsList_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IPartsList_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IPartsList_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IPartsList_GetCount(This,pCount)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetCount(This,pCount) ) 
+
+#define IPartsList_GetPart(This,nIndex,ppPart)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPart(This,nIndex,ppPart) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IPartsList_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPart_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IPart_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IPart */
+/* [object][unique][helpstring][uuid][local] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IPart;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("AE2DE0E4-5BCA-4F2D-AA46-5D13F8FDB3A9")
+    IPart : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetName( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  LPWSTR *ppwstrName) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetLocalId( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pnId) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetGlobalId( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  LPWSTR *ppwstrGlobalId) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetPartType( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  PartType *pPartType) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetSubType( 
+            /* [out] */ GUID *pSubType) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetControlInterfaceCount( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pCount) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetControlInterface( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nIndex,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IControlInterface **ppInterfaceDesc) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE EnumPartsIncoming( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IPartsList **ppParts) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE EnumPartsOutgoing( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IPartsList **ppParts) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetTopologyObject( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IDeviceTopology **ppTopology) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Activate( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  DWORD dwClsContext,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  REFIID refiid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __out_opt  void **ppvObject) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE RegisterControlChangeCallback( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  REFGUID riid,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  IControlChangeNotify *pNotify) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE UnregisterControlChangeCallback( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  IControlChangeNotify *pNotify) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IPartVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IPart * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IPart * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IPart * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetName )( 
+            IPart * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  LPWSTR *ppwstrName);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetLocalId )( 
+            IPart * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pnId);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetGlobalId )( 
+            IPart * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  LPWSTR *ppwstrGlobalId);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPartType )( 
+            IPart * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  PartType *pPartType);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetSubType )( 
+            IPart * This,
+            /* [out] */ GUID *pSubType);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetControlInterfaceCount )( 
+            IPart * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pCount);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetControlInterface )( 
+            IPart * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nIndex,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IControlInterface **ppInterfaceDesc);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *EnumPartsIncoming )( 
+            IPart * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IPartsList **ppParts);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *EnumPartsOutgoing )( 
+            IPart * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IPartsList **ppParts);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetTopologyObject )( 
+            IPart * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IDeviceTopology **ppTopology);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Activate )( 
+            IPart * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  DWORD dwClsContext,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  REFIID refiid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __out_opt  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *RegisterControlChangeCallback )( 
+            IPart * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  REFGUID riid,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  IControlChangeNotify *pNotify);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *UnregisterControlChangeCallback )( 
+            IPart * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  IControlChangeNotify *pNotify);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IPartVtbl;
+
+    interface IPart
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IPartVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IPart_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IPart_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IPart_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IPart_GetName(This,ppwstrName)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetName(This,ppwstrName) ) 
+
+#define IPart_GetLocalId(This,pnId)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetLocalId(This,pnId) ) 
+
+#define IPart_GetGlobalId(This,ppwstrGlobalId)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetGlobalId(This,ppwstrGlobalId) ) 
+
+#define IPart_GetPartType(This,pPartType)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPartType(This,pPartType) ) 
+
+#define IPart_GetSubType(This,pSubType)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetSubType(This,pSubType) ) 
+
+#define IPart_GetControlInterfaceCount(This,pCount)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetControlInterfaceCount(This,pCount) ) 
+
+#define IPart_GetControlInterface(This,nIndex,ppInterfaceDesc)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetControlInterface(This,nIndex,ppInterfaceDesc) ) 
+
+#define IPart_EnumPartsIncoming(This,ppParts)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> EnumPartsIncoming(This,ppParts) ) 
+
+#define IPart_EnumPartsOutgoing(This,ppParts)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> EnumPartsOutgoing(This,ppParts) ) 
+
+#define IPart_GetTopologyObject(This,ppTopology)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetTopologyObject(This,ppTopology) ) 
+
+#define IPart_Activate(This,dwClsContext,refiid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Activate(This,dwClsContext,refiid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IPart_RegisterControlChangeCallback(This,riid,pNotify)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> RegisterControlChangeCallback(This,riid,pNotify) ) 
+
+#define IPart_UnregisterControlChangeCallback(This,pNotify)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> UnregisterControlChangeCallback(This,pNotify) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IPart_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IConnector_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IConnector_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IConnector */
+/* [object][unique][helpstring][uuid][local] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IConnector;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("9c2c4058-23f5-41de-877a-df3af236a09e")
+    IConnector : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetType( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  ConnectorType *pType) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetDataFlow( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  DataFlow *pFlow) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE ConnectTo( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  IConnector *pConnectTo) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Disconnect( void) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE IsConnected( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  BOOL *pbConnected) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetConnectedTo( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IConnector **ppConTo) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetConnectorIdConnectedTo( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  LPWSTR *ppwstrConnectorId) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetDeviceIdConnectedTo( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  LPWSTR *ppwstrDeviceId) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IConnectorVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IConnector * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IConnector * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IConnector * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetType )( 
+            IConnector * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  ConnectorType *pType);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetDataFlow )( 
+            IConnector * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  DataFlow *pFlow);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *ConnectTo )( 
+            IConnector * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  IConnector *pConnectTo);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Disconnect )( 
+            IConnector * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *IsConnected )( 
+            IConnector * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  BOOL *pbConnected);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetConnectedTo )( 
+            IConnector * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IConnector **ppConTo);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetConnectorIdConnectedTo )( 
+            IConnector * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  LPWSTR *ppwstrConnectorId);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetDeviceIdConnectedTo )( 
+            IConnector * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  LPWSTR *ppwstrDeviceId);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IConnectorVtbl;
+
+    interface IConnector
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IConnectorVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IConnector_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IConnector_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IConnector_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IConnector_GetType(This,pType)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetType(This,pType) ) 
+
+#define IConnector_GetDataFlow(This,pFlow)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetDataFlow(This,pFlow) ) 
+
+#define IConnector_ConnectTo(This,pConnectTo)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> ConnectTo(This,pConnectTo) ) 
+
+#define IConnector_Disconnect(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Disconnect(This) ) 
+
+#define IConnector_IsConnected(This,pbConnected)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> IsConnected(This,pbConnected) ) 
+
+#define IConnector_GetConnectedTo(This,ppConTo)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetConnectedTo(This,ppConTo) ) 
+
+#define IConnector_GetConnectorIdConnectedTo(This,ppwstrConnectorId)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetConnectorIdConnectedTo(This,ppwstrConnectorId) ) 
+
+#define IConnector_GetDeviceIdConnectedTo(This,ppwstrDeviceId)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetDeviceIdConnectedTo(This,ppwstrDeviceId) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IConnector_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __ISubunit_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __ISubunit_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface ISubunit */
+/* [object][unique][helpstring][uuid][local] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_ISubunit;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("82149A85-DBA6-4487-86BB-EA8F7FEFCC71")
+    ISubunit : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct ISubunitVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            ISubunit * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            ISubunit * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            ISubunit * This);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } ISubunitVtbl;
+
+    interface ISubunit
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct ISubunitVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define ISubunit_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define ISubunit_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define ISubunit_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __ISubunit_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IControlInterface_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IControlInterface_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IControlInterface */
+/* [object][unique][helpstring][uuid][local] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IControlInterface;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("45d37c3f-5140-444a-ae24-400789f3cbf3")
+    IControlInterface : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetName( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  LPWSTR *ppwstrName) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetIID( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  GUID *pIID) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IControlInterfaceVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IControlInterface * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IControlInterface * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IControlInterface * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetName )( 
+            IControlInterface * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  LPWSTR *ppwstrName);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetIID )( 
+            IControlInterface * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  GUID *pIID);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IControlInterfaceVtbl;
+
+    interface IControlInterface
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IControlInterfaceVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IControlInterface_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IControlInterface_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IControlInterface_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IControlInterface_GetName(This,ppwstrName)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetName(This,ppwstrName) ) 
+
+#define IControlInterface_GetIID(This,pIID)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetIID(This,pIID) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IControlInterface_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IControlChangeNotify_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IControlChangeNotify_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IControlChangeNotify */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IControlChangeNotify;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("A09513ED-C709-4d21-BD7B-5F34C47F3947")
+    IControlChangeNotify : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE OnNotify( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  DWORD dwSenderProcessId,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IControlChangeNotifyVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IControlChangeNotify * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IControlChangeNotify * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IControlChangeNotify * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *OnNotify )( 
+            IControlChangeNotify * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  DWORD dwSenderProcessId,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IControlChangeNotifyVtbl;
+
+    interface IControlChangeNotify
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IControlChangeNotifyVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IControlChangeNotify_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IControlChangeNotify_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IControlChangeNotify_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IControlChangeNotify_OnNotify(This,dwSenderProcessId,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> OnNotify(This,dwSenderProcessId,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IControlChangeNotify_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IDeviceTopology_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IDeviceTopology_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IDeviceTopology */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IDeviceTopology;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("2A07407E-6497-4A18-9787-32F79BD0D98F")
+    IDeviceTopology : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetConnectorCount( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pCount) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetConnector( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nIndex,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IConnector **ppConnector) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetSubunitCount( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pCount) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetSubunit( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nIndex,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  ISubunit **ppSubunit) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetPartById( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nId,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  IPart **ppPart) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetDeviceId( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  LPWSTR *ppwstrDeviceId) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetSignalPath( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  IPart *pIPartFrom,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  IPart *pIPartTo,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  BOOL bRejectMixedPaths,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  IPartsList **ppParts) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IDeviceTopologyVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IDeviceTopology * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IDeviceTopology * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IDeviceTopology * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetConnectorCount )( 
+            IDeviceTopology * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pCount);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetConnector )( 
+            IDeviceTopology * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nIndex,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IConnector **ppConnector);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetSubunitCount )( 
+            IDeviceTopology * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pCount);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetSubunit )( 
+            IDeviceTopology * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nIndex,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  ISubunit **ppSubunit);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPartById )( 
+            IDeviceTopology * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nId,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  IPart **ppPart);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetDeviceId )( 
+            IDeviceTopology * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  LPWSTR *ppwstrDeviceId);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetSignalPath )( 
+            IDeviceTopology * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  IPart *pIPartFrom,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  IPart *pIPartTo,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  BOOL bRejectMixedPaths,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  IPartsList **ppParts);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IDeviceTopologyVtbl;
+
+    interface IDeviceTopology
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IDeviceTopologyVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IDeviceTopology_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IDeviceTopology_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IDeviceTopology_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IDeviceTopology_GetConnectorCount(This,pCount)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetConnectorCount(This,pCount) ) 
+
+#define IDeviceTopology_GetConnector(This,nIndex,ppConnector)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetConnector(This,nIndex,ppConnector) ) 
+
+#define IDeviceTopology_GetSubunitCount(This,pCount)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetSubunitCount(This,pCount) ) 
+
+#define IDeviceTopology_GetSubunit(This,nIndex,ppSubunit)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetSubunit(This,nIndex,ppSubunit) ) 
+
+#define IDeviceTopology_GetPartById(This,nId,ppPart)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPartById(This,nId,ppPart) ) 
+
+#define IDeviceTopology_GetDeviceId(This,ppwstrDeviceId)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetDeviceId(This,ppwstrDeviceId) ) 
+
+#define IDeviceTopology_GetSignalPath(This,pIPartFrom,pIPartTo,bRejectMixedPaths,ppParts)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetSignalPath(This,pIPartFrom,pIPartTo,bRejectMixedPaths,ppParts) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IDeviceTopology_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+
+#ifndef __DevTopologyLib_LIBRARY_DEFINED__
+#define __DevTopologyLib_LIBRARY_DEFINED__
+
+/* library DevTopologyLib */
+/* [helpstring][version][uuid] */ 
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID LIBID_DevTopologyLib;
+
+EXTERN_C const CLSID CLSID_DeviceTopology;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+
+class DECLSPEC_UUID("1DF639D0-5EC1-47AA-9379-828DC1AA8C59")
+DeviceTopology;
+#endif
+#endif /* __DevTopologyLib_LIBRARY_DEFINED__ */
+
+/* Additional Prototypes for ALL interfaces */
+
+/* end of Additional Prototypes */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/endpointvolume.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/endpointvolume.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..81155d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/endpointvolume.h
@@ -0,0 +1,620 @@
+
+
+/* this ALWAYS GENERATED file contains the definitions for the interfaces */
+
+
+ /* File created by MIDL compiler version 7.00.0499 */
+/* Compiler settings for endpointvolume.idl:
+    Oicf, W1, Zp8, env=Win32 (32b run)
+    protocol : dce , ms_ext, c_ext, robust
+    error checks: allocation ref bounds_check enum stub_data 
+    VC __declspec() decoration level: 
+         __declspec(uuid()), __declspec(selectany), __declspec(novtable)
+         DECLSPEC_UUID(), MIDL_INTERFACE()
+*/
+//@@MIDL_FILE_HEADING(  )
+
+#pragma warning( disable: 4049 )  /* more than 64k source lines */
+
+
+/* verify that the <rpcndr.h> version is high enough to compile this file*/
+#ifndef __REQUIRED_RPCNDR_H_VERSION__
+#define __REQUIRED_RPCNDR_H_VERSION__ 500
+#endif
+
+/* verify that the <rpcsal.h> version is high enough to compile this file*/
+#ifndef __REQUIRED_RPCSAL_H_VERSION__
+#define __REQUIRED_RPCSAL_H_VERSION__ 100
+#endif
+
+#include "rpc.h"
+#include "rpcndr.h"
+
+#ifndef __RPCNDR_H_VERSION__
+#error this stub requires an updated version of <rpcndr.h>
+#endif // __RPCNDR_H_VERSION__
+
+#ifndef COM_NO_WINDOWS_H
+#include "windows.h"
+#include "ole2.h"
+#endif /*COM_NO_WINDOWS_H*/
+
+#ifndef __endpointvolume_h__
+#define __endpointvolume_h__
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1020)
+#pragma once
+#endif
+
+/* Forward Declarations */ 
+
+#ifndef __IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioEndpointVolume_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioEndpointVolume_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioEndpointVolume IAudioEndpointVolume;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioEndpointVolume_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioMeterInformation_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioMeterInformation_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IAudioMeterInformation IAudioMeterInformation;
+#endif 	/* __IAudioMeterInformation_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+/* header files for imported files */
+#include "unknwn.h"
+#include "devicetopology.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"{
+#endif 
+
+
+/* interface __MIDL_itf_endpointvolume_0000_0000 */
+/* [local] */ 
+
+typedef struct AUDIO_VOLUME_NOTIFICATION_DATA
+    {
+    GUID guidEventContext;
+    BOOL bMuted;
+    float fMasterVolume;
+    UINT nChannels;
+    float afChannelVolumes[ 1 ];
+    } 	AUDIO_VOLUME_NOTIFICATION_DATA;
+
+typedef struct AUDIO_VOLUME_NOTIFICATION_DATA *PAUDIO_VOLUME_NOTIFICATION_DATA;
+
+#define   ENDPOINT_HARDWARE_SUPPORT_VOLUME    0x00000001
+#define   ENDPOINT_HARDWARE_SUPPORT_MUTE      0x00000002
+#define   ENDPOINT_HARDWARE_SUPPORT_METER     0x00000004
+
+
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_endpointvolume_0000_0000_v0_0_c_ifspec;
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_endpointvolume_0000_0000_v0_0_s_ifspec;
+
+#ifndef __IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("657804FA-D6AD-4496-8A60-352752AF4F89")
+    IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE OnNotify( 
+            PAUDIO_VOLUME_NOTIFICATION_DATA pNotify) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IAudioEndpointVolumeCallbackVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *OnNotify )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback * This,
+            PAUDIO_VOLUME_NOTIFICATION_DATA pNotify);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IAudioEndpointVolumeCallbackVtbl;
+
+    interface IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IAudioEndpointVolumeCallbackVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback_OnNotify(This,pNotify)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> OnNotify(This,pNotify) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioEndpointVolume_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioEndpointVolume_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IAudioEndpointVolume */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IAudioEndpointVolume;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("5CDF2C82-841E-4546-9722-0CF74078229A")
+    IAudioEndpointVolume : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE RegisterControlChangeNotify( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback *pNotify) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE UnregisterControlChangeNotify( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback *pNotify) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetChannelCount( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pnChannelCount) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetMasterVolumeLevel( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  float fLevelDB,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID pguidEventContext) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetMasterVolumeLevelScalar( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  float fLevel,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID pguidEventContext) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetMasterVolumeLevel( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevelDB) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetMasterVolumeLevelScalar( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevel) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetChannelVolumeLevel( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            float fLevelDB,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID pguidEventContext) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetChannelVolumeLevelScalar( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            float fLevel,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID pguidEventContext) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetChannelVolumeLevel( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevelDB) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetChannelVolumeLevelScalar( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevel) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetMute( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  BOOL bMute,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID pguidEventContext) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetMute( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  BOOL *pbMute) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetVolumeStepInfo( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pnStep,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pnStepCount) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE VolumeStepUp( 
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID pguidEventContext) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE VolumeStepDown( 
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID pguidEventContext) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE QueryHardwareSupport( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  DWORD *pdwHardwareSupportMask) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetVolumeRange( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pflVolumeMindB,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pflVolumeMaxdB,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pflVolumeIncrementdB) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IAudioEndpointVolumeVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *RegisterControlChangeNotify )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback *pNotify);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *UnregisterControlChangeNotify )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  IAudioEndpointVolumeCallback *pNotify);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetChannelCount )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pnChannelCount);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetMasterVolumeLevel )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  float fLevelDB,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetMasterVolumeLevelScalar )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  float fLevel,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetMasterVolumeLevel )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevelDB);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetMasterVolumeLevelScalar )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevel);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetChannelVolumeLevel )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            float fLevelDB,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetChannelVolumeLevelScalar )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            float fLevel,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetChannelVolumeLevel )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevelDB);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetChannelVolumeLevelScalar )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nChannel,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pfLevel);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetMute )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  BOOL bMute,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetMute )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  BOOL *pbMute);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetVolumeStepInfo )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pnStep,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pnStepCount);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *VolumeStepUp )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *VolumeStepDown )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCGUID pguidEventContext);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryHardwareSupport )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  DWORD *pdwHardwareSupportMask);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetVolumeRange )( 
+            IAudioEndpointVolume * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pflVolumeMindB,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pflVolumeMaxdB,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  float *pflVolumeIncrementdB);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IAudioEndpointVolumeVtbl;
+
+    interface IAudioEndpointVolume
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IAudioEndpointVolumeVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_RegisterControlChangeNotify(This,pNotify)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> RegisterControlChangeNotify(This,pNotify) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_UnregisterControlChangeNotify(This,pNotify)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> UnregisterControlChangeNotify(This,pNotify) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_GetChannelCount(This,pnChannelCount)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetChannelCount(This,pnChannelCount) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_SetMasterVolumeLevel(This,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetMasterVolumeLevel(This,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_SetMasterVolumeLevelScalar(This,fLevel,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetMasterVolumeLevelScalar(This,fLevel,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_GetMasterVolumeLevel(This,pfLevelDB)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetMasterVolumeLevel(This,pfLevelDB) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_GetMasterVolumeLevelScalar(This,pfLevel)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetMasterVolumeLevelScalar(This,pfLevel) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_SetChannelVolumeLevel(This,nChannel,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetChannelVolumeLevel(This,nChannel,fLevelDB,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_SetChannelVolumeLevelScalar(This,nChannel,fLevel,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetChannelVolumeLevelScalar(This,nChannel,fLevel,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_GetChannelVolumeLevel(This,nChannel,pfLevelDB)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetChannelVolumeLevel(This,nChannel,pfLevelDB) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_GetChannelVolumeLevelScalar(This,nChannel,pfLevel)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetChannelVolumeLevelScalar(This,nChannel,pfLevel) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_SetMute(This,bMute,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetMute(This,bMute,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_GetMute(This,pbMute)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetMute(This,pbMute) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_GetVolumeStepInfo(This,pnStep,pnStepCount)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetVolumeStepInfo(This,pnStep,pnStepCount) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_VolumeStepUp(This,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> VolumeStepUp(This,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_VolumeStepDown(This,pguidEventContext)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> VolumeStepDown(This,pguidEventContext) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_QueryHardwareSupport(This,pdwHardwareSupportMask)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryHardwareSupport(This,pdwHardwareSupportMask) ) 
+
+#define IAudioEndpointVolume_GetVolumeRange(This,pflVolumeMindB,pflVolumeMaxdB,pflVolumeIncrementdB)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetVolumeRange(This,pflVolumeMindB,pflVolumeMaxdB,pflVolumeIncrementdB) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IAudioEndpointVolume_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IAudioMeterInformation_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IAudioMeterInformation_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IAudioMeterInformation */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IAudioMeterInformation;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("C02216F6-8C67-4B5B-9D00-D008E73E0064")
+    IAudioMeterInformation : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetPeakValue( 
+            /* [out] */ float *pfPeak) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetMeteringChannelCount( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pnChannelCount) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetChannelsPeakValues( 
+            /* [in] */ UINT32 u32ChannelCount,
+            /* [size_is][out] */ float *afPeakValues) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE QueryHardwareSupport( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  DWORD *pdwHardwareSupportMask) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IAudioMeterInformationVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IAudioMeterInformation * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IAudioMeterInformation * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IAudioMeterInformation * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPeakValue )( 
+            IAudioMeterInformation * This,
+            /* [out] */ float *pfPeak);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetMeteringChannelCount )( 
+            IAudioMeterInformation * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pnChannelCount);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetChannelsPeakValues )( 
+            IAudioMeterInformation * This,
+            /* [in] */ UINT32 u32ChannelCount,
+            /* [size_is][out] */ float *afPeakValues);
+        
+        /* [helpstring] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryHardwareSupport )( 
+            IAudioMeterInformation * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  DWORD *pdwHardwareSupportMask);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IAudioMeterInformationVtbl;
+
+    interface IAudioMeterInformation
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IAudioMeterInformationVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IAudioMeterInformation_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IAudioMeterInformation_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IAudioMeterInformation_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IAudioMeterInformation_GetPeakValue(This,pfPeak)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPeakValue(This,pfPeak) ) 
+
+#define IAudioMeterInformation_GetMeteringChannelCount(This,pnChannelCount)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetMeteringChannelCount(This,pnChannelCount) ) 
+
+#define IAudioMeterInformation_GetChannelsPeakValues(This,u32ChannelCount,afPeakValues)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetChannelsPeakValues(This,u32ChannelCount,afPeakValues) ) 
+
+#define IAudioMeterInformation_QueryHardwareSupport(This,pdwHardwareSupportMask)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryHardwareSupport(This,pdwHardwareSupportMask) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IAudioMeterInformation_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+/* Additional Prototypes for ALL interfaces */
+
+/* end of Additional Prototypes */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/functiondiscoverykeys.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/functiondiscoverykeys.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..12f9218
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/functiondiscoverykeys.h
@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#if __GNUC__ >=3
+#pragma GCC system_header
+#endif
+
+#ifndef DEFINE_API_PKEY
+#include <propkey.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <functiondiscoverykeys_devpkey.h>
+
+// FMTID_FD = {904b03a2-471d-423c-a584-f3483238a146}
+DEFINE_GUID(FMTID_FD, 0x904b03a2, 0x471d, 0x423c, 0xa5, 0x84, 0xf3, 0x48, 0x32, 0x38, 0xa1, 0x46);
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_FD_Visibility, VisibilityFlags, 0x904b03a2, 0x471d, 0x423c, 0xa5, 0x84, 0xf3, 0x48, 0x32, 0x38, 0xa1, 0x46, 0x00000001); //    VT_UINT
+#define FD_Visibility_Default   0
+#define FD_Visibility_Hidden    1
+
+// FMTID_Device = {78C34FC8-104A-4aca-9EA4-524D52996E57}
+DEFINE_GUID(FMTID_Device, 0x78c34fc8, 0x104a, 0x4aca, 0x9e, 0xa4, 0x52, 0x4d, 0x52, 0x99, 0x6e, 0x57);
+
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_Device_NotPresent,     DeviceNotPresent   , 0x904b03a2, 0x471d, 0x423c, 0xa5, 0x84, 0xf3, 0x48, 0x32, 0x38, 0xa1, 0x46, 0x00000002); //    VT_UINT
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_Device_QueueSize,      DeviceQueueSize    , 0x78c34fc8, 0x104a, 0x4aca, 0x9e, 0xa4, 0x52, 0x4d, 0x52, 0x99, 0x6e, 0x57, 0x00000024); //    VT_UI4
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_Device_Status,         DeviceStatus       , 0x78c34fc8, 0x104a, 0x4aca, 0x9e, 0xa4, 0x52, 0x4d, 0x52, 0x99, 0x6e, 0x57, 0x00000025); //    VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_Device_Comment,        DeviceComment      , 0x78c34fc8, 0x104a, 0x4aca, 0x9e, 0xa4, 0x52, 0x4d, 0x52, 0x99, 0x6e, 0x57, 0x00000026); //    VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_Device_Model,          DeviceModel        , 0x78c34fc8, 0x104a, 0x4aca, 0x9e, 0xa4, 0x52, 0x4d, 0x52, 0x99, 0x6e, 0x57, 0x00000027); //    VT_LPWSTR
+
+//  Name:     System.Device.BIOSVersion -- PKEY_Device_BIOSVersion
+//  Type:     String -- VT_LPWSTR  (For variants: VT_BSTR)  Legacy code may treat this as VT_BSTR.
+//  FormatID: EAEE7F1D-6A33-44D1-9441-5F46DEF23198, 9
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_Device_BIOSVersion, 0xEAEE7F1D, 0x6A33, 0x44D1, 0x94, 0x41, 0x5F, 0x46, 0xDE, 0xF2, 0x31, 0x98, 9);
+
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_Write_Time,            WriteTime          , 0xf53b7e1c, 0x77e0, 0x4450, 0x8c, 0x5f, 0xa7, 0x6c, 0xc7, 0xfd, 0xe0, 0x58, 0x00000100); //    VT_FILETIME
+
+#ifdef FD_XP
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_Device_InstanceId, DeviceInstanceId   , 0x78c34fc8, 0x104a, 0x4aca, 0x9e, 0xa4, 0x52, 0x4d, 0x52, 0x99, 0x6e, 0x57, 0x00000100); //    VT_LPWSTR
+#endif
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_Device_Interface,  DeviceInterface    , 0x78c34fc8, 0x104a, 0x4aca, 0x9e, 0xa4, 0x52, 0x4d, 0x52, 0x99, 0x6e, 0x57, 0x00000101); //    VT_CLSID
+
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_ExposedIIDs,           ExposedIIDs       , 0x78c34fc8, 0x104a, 0x4aca, 0x9e, 0xa4, 0x52, 0x4d, 0x52, 0x99, 0x6e, 0x57, 0x00003002); //  VT_VECTOR | VT_CLSID
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_ExposedCLSIDs,         ExposedCLSIDs     , 0x78c34fc8, 0x104a, 0x4aca, 0x9e, 0xa4, 0x52, 0x4d, 0x52, 0x99, 0x6e, 0x57, 0x00003003); //  VT_VECTOR | VT_CLSID
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_InstanceValidatorClsid,InstanceValidator , 0x78c34fc8, 0x104a, 0x4aca, 0x9e, 0xa4, 0x52, 0x4d, 0x52, 0x99, 0x6e, 0x57, 0x00003004); // VT_CLSID
+
+// FMTID_WSD = {92506491-FF95-4724-A05A-5B81885A7C92}
+DEFINE_GUID(FMTID_WSD, 0x92506491, 0xFF95, 0x4724, 0xA0, 0x5A, 0x5B, 0x81, 0x88, 0x5A, 0x7C, 0x92);
+
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_WSD_AddressURI, WSD_AddressURI, 0x92506491, 0xFF95, 0x4724, 0xA0, 0x5A, 0x5B, 0x81, 0x88, 0x5A, 0x7C, 0x92, 0x00001000);   // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_WSD_Types, WSD_Types, 0x92506491, 0xFF95, 0x4724, 0xA0, 0x5A, 0x5B, 0x81, 0x88, 0x5A, 0x7C, 0x92, 0x00001001); // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_WSD_Scopes, WSD_Scopes, 0x92506491, 0xFF95, 0x4724, 0xA0, 0x5A, 0x5B, 0x81, 0x88, 0x5A, 0x7C, 0x92, 0x00001002);   // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_WSD_MetadataVersion, WSD_MetadataVersion, 0x92506491, 0xFF95, 0x4724, 0xA0, 0x5A, 0x5B, 0x81, 0x88, 0x5A, 0x7C, 0x92, 0x00001003); //VT_UI8
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_WSD_AppSeqInstanceID, WSD_AppSeqInstanceID, 0x92506491, 0xFF95, 0x4724, 0xA0, 0x5A, 0x5B, 0x81, 0x88, 0x5A, 0x7C, 0x92, 0x00001004);   // VT_UI8
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_WSD_AppSeqSessionID, WSD_AppSeqSessionID, 0x92506491, 0xFF95, 0x4724, 0xA0, 0x5A, 0x5B, 0x81, 0x88, 0x5A, 0x7C, 0x92, 0x00001005); // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_WSD_AppSeqMessageNumber, WSD_AppSeqMessageNumber, 0x92506491, 0xFF95, 0x4724, 0xA0, 0x5A, 0x5B, 0x81, 0x88, 0x5A, 0x7C, 0x92, 0x00001006); // VT_UI8
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_WSD_XAddrs, WSD_XAddrs, 0x92506491, 0xFF95, 0x4724, 0xA0, 0x5A, 0x5B, 0x81, 0x88, 0x5A, 0x7C, 0x92, 0x00002000); // VT_LPWSTR or VT_VECTOR | VT_LPWSTR
+
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_WSD_MetadataClean, WSD_MetadataClean, 0x92506491, 0xFF95, 0x4724, 0xA0, 0x5A, 0x5B, 0x81, 0x88, 0x5A, 0x7C, 0x92, 0x00000001);   // VT_BOOL
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_WSD_ServiceInfo, WSD_ServiceInfo, 0x92506491, 0xFF95, 0x4724, 0xA0, 0x5A, 0x5B, 0x81, 0x88, 0x5A, 0x7C, 0x92, 0x00000002);   // VT_VECTOR|VT_VARIANT (variants are VT_UNKNOWN)
+
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_PUBSVCS_TYPE, PUBSVCS_TYPE, 0xF1B88AD3, 0x109C, 0x4FD2, 0xBA, 0x3F, 0x53, 0x5A, 0x76, 0x5F, 0x82, 0xF4, 0x00005001); // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_PUBSVCS_SCOPE, PUBSVCS_SCOPE, 0x2AE2B567, 0xEECB, 0x4A3E, 0xB7, 0x53, 0x54, 0xC7, 0x25, 0x49, 0x43, 0x66, 0x00005002);   // VT_LPWSTR | VT_VECTOR
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_PUBSVCS_METADATA, PUBSVCS_METADATA, 0x63C6D5B8, 0xF73A, 0x4ACA, 0x96, 0x7E, 0x0C, 0xC7, 0x87, 0xE0, 0xB5, 0x59, 0x00005003); // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_PUBSVCS_METADATA_VERSION, PUBSVCS_METADATA_VERSION, 0xC0C96C15, 0x1823, 0x4E5B, 0x93, 0x48, 0xE8, 0x25, 0x19, 0x92, 0x3F, 0x04, 0x00005004); // VT_UI8
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_PUBSVCS_NETWORK_PROFILES_ALLOWED, PUBSVCS_NETWORK_PROFILES_ALLOWED, 0x63C6D5B8, 0xF73A, 0x4ACA, 0x96, 0x7E, 0x0C, 0xC7, 0x87, 0xE0, 0xB5, 0x59, 0x00005005); // VT_VECTOR | VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_PUBSVCS_NETWORK_PROFILES_DENIED, PUBSVCS_NETWORK_PROFILES_DENIED, 0x63C6D5B8, 0xF73A, 0x4ACA, 0x96, 0x7E, 0x0C, 0xC7, 0x87, 0xE0, 0xB5, 0x59, 0x00005006); // VT_VECTOR | VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_PUBSVCS_NETWORK_PROFILES_DEFAULT, PUBSVCS_NETWORK_PROFILES_DEFAULT, 0x63C6D5B8, 0xF73A, 0x4ACA, 0x96, 0x7E, 0x0C, 0xC7, 0x87, 0xE0, 0xB5, 0x59, 0x00005007); // VT_BOOL
+
+// FMTID_PNPX = {656A3BB3-ECC0-43FD-8477-4AE0404A96CD}
+DEFINE_GUID(FMTID_PNPX, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD);
+        // from Discovery messages
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_GlobalIdentity, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00001000);   // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_Types, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00001001);   // VT_LPWSTR | VT_VECTOR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_Scopes, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00001002);   // VT_LPWSTR | VT_VECTOR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_XAddrs, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00001003);   // VT_LPWSTR | VT_VECTOR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_MetadataVersion, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00001004);   // VT_UI8
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_ID, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00001005);   // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_RootProxy, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00001006);   // VT_BOOL
+
+        // for Directed Discovery
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_RemoteAddress, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00001006);   // VT_LPWSTR
+
+        // from ThisModel metadata
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_Manufacturer, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00002000);   // VT_LPWSTR (localizable)
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_ManufacturerUrl, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00002001);   // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_ModelName, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00002002);   // VT_LPWSTR (localizable)
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_ModelNumber, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00002003);   // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_ModelUrl, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00002004);   // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_Upc, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00002005);   // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_PresentationUrl, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00002006);   // VT_LPWSTR
+        // from ThisDevice metadata
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_FriendlyName, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00003000);   // VT_LPWSTR (localizable)
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_FirmwareVersion, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00003001);   // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_SerialNumber, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00003002);   // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_DeviceCategory, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00003004);   // VT_LPWSTR | VT_VECTOR
+        // DeviceCategory values
+#define PNPX_DEVICECATEGORY_COMPUTER                            L"Computers"
+#define PNPX_DEVICECATEGORY_INPUTDEVICE                         L"Input"
+#define PNPX_DEVICECATEGORY_PRINTER                             L"Printers"
+#define PNPX_DEVICECATEGORY_SCANNER                             L"Scanners"
+#define PNPX_DEVICECATEGORY_FAX                                 L"FAX"
+#define PNPX_DEVICECATEGORY_MFP                                 L"MFP"
+#define PNPX_DEVICECATEGORY_CAMERA                              L"Cameras"
+#define PNPX_DEVICECATEGORY_STORAGE                             L"Storage"
+#define PNPX_DEVICECATEGORY_NETWORK_INFRASTRUCTURE              L"NetworkInfrastructure"
+#define PNPX_DEVICECATEGORY_DISPLAYS                            L"Displays"
+#define PNPX_DEVICECATEGORY_MULTIMEDIA_DEVICE                   L"MediaDevices"
+#define PNPX_DEVICECATEGORY_GAMING_DEVICE                       L"Gaming"
+#define PNPX_DEVICECATEGORY_TELEPHONE                           L"Phones"
+#define PNPX_DEVICECATEGORY_HOME_AUTOMATION_SYSTEM              L"HomeAutomation"
+#define PNPX_DEVICECATEGORY_HOME_SECURITY_SYSTEM                L"HomeSecurity"
+#define PNPX_DEVICECATEGORY_OTHER                               L"Other"
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_DeviceCategory_Desc, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00003005);   // VT_LPWSTR | VT_VECTOR
+
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_PhysicalAddress, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00003006);   // VT_UI1 | VT_VECTOR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_NetworkInterfaceLuid, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00003007);   // VT_UI8
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_NetworkInterfaceGuid, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00003008);   // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_IpAddress, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00003009);   // VT_LPWSTR | VT_VECTOR
+        // from Relationship metadata
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_ServiceAddress, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00004000);   // VT_LPWSTR | VT_VECTOR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_ServiceId, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00004001);   // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_ServiceTypes, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00004002);   // VT_LPWSTR | VT_VECTOR
+        // Association DB PKEYs
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_PNPX_Devnode, PnPXDevNode, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00000001); // VT_BOOL
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_PNPX_AssociationState, AssociationState, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00000002); // VT_UINT
+DEFINE_API_PKEY(PKEY_PNPX_AssociatedInstanceId, AssociatedInstanceId, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00000003); // VT_LPWSTR
+        // for Computer Discovery
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_DomainName, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00005000);   // VT_LPWSTR
+// Use PKEY_ComputerName (propkey.h) DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_MachineName, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00005001);   // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_ShareName, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00005002);   // VT_LPWSTR
+
+    // SSDP Provider custom properties
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_SSDP_AltLocationInfo, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00006000);   // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_SSDP_DevLifeTime, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00006001);   // VT_UI4
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_SSDP_NetworkInterface, 0x656A3BB3, 0xECC0, 0x43FD, 0x84, 0x77, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0x40, 0x4A, 0x96, 0xCD, 0x00006002);   // VT_BOOL
+
+// FMTID_PNPXDynamicProperty = {4FC5077E-B686-44BE-93E3-86CAFE368CCD}
+DEFINE_GUID(FMTID_PNPXDynamicProperty, 0x4FC5077E, 0xB686, 0x44BE, 0x93, 0xE3, 0x86, 0xCA, 0xFE, 0x36, 0x8C, 0xCD);
+
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_Installable, 0x4FC5077E, 0xB686, 0x44BE, 0x93, 0xE3, 0x86, 0xCA, 0xFE, 0x36, 0x8C, 0xCD, 0x00000001); // VT_BOOL
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_Associated, 0x4FC5077E, 0xB686, 0x44BE, 0x93, 0xE3, 0x86, 0xCA, 0xFE, 0x36, 0x8C, 0xCD, 0x00000002); // VT_BOOL
+// PKEY_PNPX_Installed to be deprecated in Longhorn Server timeframe
+// this PKEY really represents Associated state
+#define PKEY_PNPX_Installed PKEY_PNPX_Associated    // Deprecated! Please use PKEY_PNPX_Associated
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_PNPX_CompatibleTypes, 0x4FC5077E, 0xB686, 0x44BE, 0x93, 0xE3, 0x86, 0xCA, 0xFE, 0x36, 0x8C, 0xCD, 0x00000003); // VT_LPWSTR | VT_VECTOR
+
+    // WNET Provider properties
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WNET_Scope, 0xdebda43a, 0x37b3, 0x4383, 0x91, 0xE7, 0x44, 0x98, 0xda, 0x29, 0x95, 0xab, 0x00000001); // VT_UINT
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WNET_Type, 0xdebda43a, 0x37b3, 0x4383, 0x91, 0xE7, 0x44, 0x98, 0xda, 0x29, 0x95, 0xab, 0x00000002); // VT_UINT
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WNET_DisplayType, 0xdebda43a, 0x37b3, 0x4383, 0x91, 0xE7, 0x44, 0x98, 0xda, 0x29, 0x95, 0xab, 0x00000003); // VT_UINT
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WNET_Usage, 0xdebda43a, 0x37b3, 0x4383, 0x91, 0xE7, 0x44, 0x98, 0xda, 0x29, 0x95, 0xab, 0x00000004); // VT_UINT
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WNET_LocalName, 0xdebda43a, 0x37b3, 0x4383, 0x91, 0xE7, 0x44, 0x98, 0xda, 0x29, 0x95, 0xab, 0x00000005); // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WNET_RemoteName, 0xdebda43a, 0x37b3, 0x4383, 0x91, 0xE7, 0x44, 0x98, 0xda, 0x29, 0x95, 0xab, 0x00000006); // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WNET_Comment, 0xdebda43a, 0x37b3, 0x4383, 0x91, 0xE7, 0x44, 0x98, 0xda, 0x29, 0x95, 0xab, 0x00000007); // VT_LPWSTR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WNET_Provider, 0xdebda43a, 0x37b3, 0x4383, 0x91, 0xE7, 0x44, 0x98, 0xda, 0x29, 0x95, 0xab, 0x00000008); // VT_LPWSTR
+
+
+    // WCN Provider properties
+
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WCN_Version, 0x88190b80, 0x4684, 0x11da, 0xa2, 0x6a, 0x00, 0x02, 0xb3, 0x98, 0x8e, 0x81, 0x00000001); // VT_UI1
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WCN_RequestType, 0x88190b81, 0x4684, 0x11da, 0xa2, 0x6a, 0x00, 0x02, 0xb3, 0x98, 0x8e, 0x81, 0x00000002); // VT_INT
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WCN_AuthType, 0x88190b82, 0x4684, 0x11da, 0xa2, 0x6a, 0x00, 0x02, 0xb3, 0x98, 0x8e, 0x81, 0x00000003); // VT_INT
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WCN_EncryptType, 0x88190b83, 0x4684, 0x11da, 0xa2, 0x6a, 0x00, 0x02, 0xb3, 0x98, 0x8e, 0x81, 0x00000004); // VT_INT
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WCN_ConnType, 0x88190b84, 0x4684, 0x11da, 0xa2, 0x6a, 0x00, 0x02, 0xb3, 0x98, 0x8e, 0x81, 0x00000005); // VT_INT
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WCN_ConfigMethods, 0x88190b85, 0x4684, 0x11da, 0xa2, 0x6a, 0x00, 0x02, 0xb3, 0x98, 0x8e, 0x81, 0x00000006); // VT_INT
+// map WCN DeviceType to PKEY_PNPX_DeviceCategory
+//DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WCN_DeviceType, 0x88190b86, 0x4684, 0x11da, 0xa2, 0x6a, 0x00, 0x02, 0xb3, 0x98, 0x8e, 0x81, 0x00000007); // VT_INT
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WCN_RfBand, 0x88190b87, 0x4684, 0x11da, 0xa2, 0x6a, 0x00, 0x02, 0xb3, 0x98, 0x8e, 0x81, 0x00000008); // VT_INT
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WCN_AssocState, 0x88190b88, 0x4684, 0x11da, 0xa2, 0x6a, 0x00, 0x02, 0xb3, 0x98, 0x8e, 0x81, 0x00000009); // VT_INT
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WCN_ConfigError, 0x88190b89, 0x4684, 0x11da, 0xa2, 0x6a, 0x00, 0x02, 0xb3, 0x98, 0x8e, 0x81, 0x0000000a); // VT_INT
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WCN_ConfigState, 0x88190b89, 0x4684, 0x11da, 0xa2, 0x6a, 0x00, 0x02, 0xb3, 0x98, 0x8e, 0x81, 0x0000000b); // VT_UI1
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WCN_DevicePasswordId, 0x88190b89, 0x4684, 0x11da, 0xa2, 0x6a, 0x00, 0x02, 0xb3, 0x98, 0x8e, 0x81, 0x0000000c); // VT_INT
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WCN_OSVersion, 0x88190b89, 0x4684, 0x11da, 0xa2, 0x6a, 0x00, 0x02, 0xb3, 0x98, 0x8e, 0x81, 0x0000000d); // VT_UINT
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WCN_VendorExtension, 0x88190b8a, 0x4684, 0x11da, 0xa2, 0x6a, 0x00, 0x02, 0xb3, 0x98, 0x8e, 0x81, 0x0000000e); // VT_UI1 | VT_VECTOR
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_WCN_RegistrarType, 0x88190b8b, 0x4684, 0x11da, 0xa2, 0x6a, 0x00, 0x02, 0xb3, 0x98, 0x8e, 0x81, 0x0000000f); // VT_INT
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// DriverPackage properties
+
+#define PKEY_DriverPackage_Model                PKEY_DrvPkg_Model
+#define PKEY_DriverPackage_VendorWebSite        PKEY_DrvPkg_VendorWebSite
+#define PKEY_DriverPackage_DetailedDescription  PKEY_DrvPkg_DetailedDescription
+#define PKEY_DriverPackage_DocumentationLink    PKEY_DrvPkg_DocumentationLink
+#define PKEY_DriverPackage_Icon                 PKEY_DrvPkg_Icon
+#define PKEY_DriverPackage_BrandingIcon         PKEY_DrvPkg_BrandingIcon
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Hardware properties
+
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_Hardware_Devinst, 0x5EAF3EF2, 0xE0CA, 0x4598, 0xBF, 0x06, 0x71, 0xED, 0x1D, 0x9D, 0xD9, 0x53, 4097);
+
+//  Name:     System.Hardware.DisplayAttribute -- PKEY_Hardware_DisplayAttribute
+//  Type:     Unspecified -- VT_NULL
+//  FormatID: 5EAF3EF2-E0CA-4598-BF06-71ED1D9DD953, 5
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_Hardware_DisplayAttribute, 0x5EAF3EF2, 0xE0CA, 0x4598, 0xBF, 0x06, 0x71, 0xED, 0x1D, 0x9D, 0xD9, 0x53, 5);
+
+//  Name:     System.Hardware.DriverDate -- PKEY_Hardware_DriverDate
+//  Type:     Unspecified -- VT_NULL
+//  FormatID: 5EAF3EF2-E0CA-4598-BF06-71ED1D9DD953, 11
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_Hardware_DriverDate, 0x5EAF3EF2, 0xE0CA, 0x4598, 0xBF, 0x06, 0x71, 0xED, 0x1D, 0x9D, 0xD9, 0x53, 11);
+
+//  Name:     System.Hardware.DriverProvider -- PKEY_Hardware_DriverProvider
+//  Type:     Unspecified -- VT_NULL
+//  FormatID: 5EAF3EF2-E0CA-4598-BF06-71ED1D9DD953, 10
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_Hardware_DriverProvider, 0x5EAF3EF2, 0xE0CA, 0x4598, 0xBF, 0x06, 0x71, 0xED, 0x1D, 0x9D, 0xD9, 0x53, 10);
+
+//  Name:     System.Hardware.DriverVersion -- PKEY_Hardware_DriverVersion
+//  Type:     Unspecified -- VT_NULL
+//  FormatID: 5EAF3EF2-E0CA-4598-BF06-71ED1D9DD953, 9
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_Hardware_DriverVersion, 0x5EAF3EF2, 0xE0CA, 0x4598, 0xBF, 0x06, 0x71, 0xED, 0x1D, 0x9D, 0xD9, 0x53, 9);
+
+//  Name:     System.Hardware.Function -- PKEY_Hardware_Function
+//  Type:     Unspecified -- VT_NULL
+//  FormatID: 5EAF3EF2-E0CA-4598-BF06-71ED1D9DD953, 4099
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_Hardware_Function, 0x5EAF3EF2, 0xE0CA, 0x4598, 0xBF, 0x06, 0x71, 0xED, 0x1D, 0x9D, 0xD9, 0x53, 4099);
+
+//  Name:     System.Hardware.Icon -- PKEY_Hardware_Icon
+//  Type:     Unspecified -- VT_NULL
+//  FormatID: 5EAF3EF2-E0CA-4598-BF06-71ED1D9DD953, 3
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_Hardware_Icon, 0x5EAF3EF2, 0xE0CA, 0x4598, 0xBF, 0x06, 0x71, 0xED, 0x1D, 0x9D, 0xD9, 0x53, 3);
+
+//  Name:     System.Hardware.Image -- PKEY_Hardware_Image
+//  Type:     Unspecified -- VT_NULL
+//  FormatID: 5EAF3EF2-E0CA-4598-BF06-71ED1D9DD953, 4098
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_Hardware_Image, 0x5EAF3EF2, 0xE0CA, 0x4598, 0xBF, 0x06, 0x71, 0xED, 0x1D, 0x9D, 0xD9, 0x53, 4098);
+
+//  Name:     System.Hardware.Manufacturer -- PKEY_Hardware_Manufacturer
+//  Type:     Unspecified -- VT_NULL
+//  FormatID: 5EAF3EF2-E0CA-4598-BF06-71ED1D9DD953, 6
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_Hardware_Manufacturer, 0x5EAF3EF2, 0xE0CA, 0x4598, 0xBF, 0x06, 0x71, 0xED, 0x1D, 0x9D, 0xD9, 0x53, 6);
+
+//  Name:     System.Hardware.Model -- PKEY_Hardware_Model
+//  Type:     Unspecified -- VT_NULL
+//  FormatID: 5EAF3EF2-E0CA-4598-BF06-71ED1D9DD953, 7
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_Hardware_Model, 0x5EAF3EF2, 0xE0CA, 0x4598, 0xBF, 0x06, 0x71, 0xED, 0x1D, 0x9D, 0xD9, 0x53, 7);
+
+//  Name:     System.Hardware.Name -- PKEY_Hardware_Name
+//  Type:     String -- VT_LPWSTR  (For variants: VT_BSTR)
+//  FormatID: 5EAF3EF2-E0CA-4598-BF06-71ED1D9DD953, 2
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_Hardware_Name, 0x5EAF3EF2, 0xE0CA, 0x4598, 0xBF, 0x06, 0x71, 0xED, 0x1D, 0x9D, 0xD9, 0x53, 2);
+
+//  Name:     System.Hardware.SerialNumber -- PKEY_Hardware_SerialNumber
+//  Type:     Unspecified -- VT_NULL
+//  FormatID: 5EAF3EF2-E0CA-4598-BF06-71ED1D9DD953, 8
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_Hardware_SerialNumber, 0x5EAF3EF2, 0xE0CA, 0x4598, 0xBF, 0x06, 0x71, 0xED, 0x1D, 0x9D, 0xD9, 0x53, 8);
+
+//  Name:     System.Hardware.ShellAttributes -- PKEY_Hardware_ShellAttributes
+//  Type:     Unspecified -- VT_NULL
+//  FormatID: 5EAF3EF2-E0CA-4598-BF06-71ED1D9DD953, 4100
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_Hardware_ShellAttributes, 0x5EAF3EF2, 0xE0CA, 0x4598, 0xBF, 0x06, 0x71, 0xED, 0x1D, 0x9D, 0xD9, 0x53, 4100);
+
+//  Name:     System.Hardware.Status -- PKEY_Hardware_Status
+//  Type:     Unspecified -- VT_NULL
+//  FormatID: 5EAF3EF2-E0CA-4598-BF06-71ED1D9DD953, 4096
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_Hardware_Status, 0x5EAF3EF2, 0xE0CA, 0x4598, 0xBF, 0x06, 0x71, 0xED, 0x1D, 0x9D, 0xD9, 0x53, 4096);
+
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/functiondiscoverykeys_devpkey.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/functiondiscoverykeys_devpkey.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d66cb97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/functiondiscoverykeys_devpkey.h
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+/**
+ * This file has no copyright assigned and is placed in the Public Domain.
+ * This file is part of the mingw-w64 runtime package.
+ * No warranty is given; refer to the file DISCLAIMER.PD within this package.
+ */
+#ifndef _INC_FUNCTIONDISCOVERYKEYS
+#define _INC_FUNCTIONDISCOVERYKEYS
+
+#include <propkeydef.h>
+
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_Device_FriendlyName, 0xa45c254e, 0xdf1c, 0x4efd, 0x80, 0x20, 0x67, 0xd1, 0x46, 0xa8, 0x50, 0xe0, 14);
+
+#endif /* _INC_FUNCTIONDISCOVERYKEYS */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ks.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ks.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2261e6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ks.h
@@ -0,0 +1,3666 @@
+/**
+ * This file has no copyright assigned and is placed in the Public Domain.
+ * This file is part of the w64 mingw-runtime package.
+ * No warranty is given; refer to the file DISCLAIMER.PD within this package.
+ */
+#ifndef _KS_
+#define _KS_
+
+#if __GNUC__ >= 3
+#pragma GCC system_header
+#endif
+
+#ifndef __MINGW_EXTENSION
+#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__GNUG__)
+#define __MINGW_EXTENSION __extension__
+#else
+#define __MINGW_EXTENSION
+#endif
+#endif 
+
+#ifdef __TCS__
+#define _KS_NO_ANONYMOUS_STRUCTURES_ 1
+#endif
+
+#ifdef  _KS_NO_ANONYMOUS_STRUCTURES_
+#define _KS_ANON_STRUCT(X)			struct X
+#else
+#define _KS_ANON_STRUCT(X)	__MINGW_EXTENSION struct
+#endif
+
+#ifndef _NTRTL_
+#ifndef DEFINE_GUIDEX
+#define DEFINE_GUIDEX(name) EXTERN_C const CDECL GUID name
+#endif
+#ifndef STATICGUIDOF
+#define STATICGUIDOF(guid) STATIC_##guid
+#endif
+#endif /* _NTRTL_ */
+
+#ifndef SIZEOF_ARRAY
+#define SIZEOF_ARRAY(ar) (sizeof(ar)/sizeof((ar)[0]))
+#endif
+
+#define DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT(g,n) DEFINE_GUIDEX(n)
+#define DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(n) n
+
+#define STATIC_GUID_NULL						\
+	0x00000000L,0x0000,0x0000,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00
+
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000",GUID_NULL);
+#define GUID_NULL DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(GUID_NULL)
+
+#define IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_KS,0x000,METHOD_NEITHER,FILE_ANY_ACCESS)
+#define IOCTL_KS_ENABLE_EVENT CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_KS,0x001,METHOD_NEITHER,FILE_ANY_ACCESS)
+#define IOCTL_KS_DISABLE_EVENT CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_KS,0x002,METHOD_NEITHER,FILE_ANY_ACCESS)
+#define IOCTL_KS_METHOD CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_KS,0x003,METHOD_NEITHER,FILE_ANY_ACCESS)
+#define IOCTL_KS_WRITE_STREAM CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_KS,0x004,METHOD_NEITHER,FILE_WRITE_ACCESS)
+#define IOCTL_KS_READ_STREAM CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_KS,0x005,METHOD_NEITHER,FILE_READ_ACCESS)
+#define IOCTL_KS_RESET_STATE CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_KS,0x006,METHOD_NEITHER,FILE_ANY_ACCESS)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSRESET_BEGIN,
+  KSRESET_END
+} KSRESET;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSSTATE_STOP,
+  KSSTATE_ACQUIRE,
+  KSSTATE_PAUSE,
+  KSSTATE_RUN
+} KSSTATE,*PKSSTATE;
+
+#define KSPRIORITY_LOW		0x00000001
+#define KSPRIORITY_NORMAL	0x40000000
+#define KSPRIORITY_HIGH		0x80000000
+#define KSPRIORITY_EXCLUSIVE	0xFFFFFFFF
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG PriorityClass;
+  ULONG PrioritySubClass;
+} KSPRIORITY,*PKSPRIORITY;
+
+typedef struct {
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union {
+    _KS_ANON_STRUCT(_IDENTIFIER)
+    {
+      GUID Set;
+      ULONG Id;
+      ULONG Flags;
+    };
+    LONGLONG Alignment;
+  };
+} KSIDENTIFIER,*PKSIDENTIFIER;
+
+typedef KSIDENTIFIER KSPROPERTY,*PKSPROPERTY,KSMETHOD,*PKSMETHOD,KSEVENT,*PKSEVENT;
+
+#define KSMETHOD_TYPE_NONE		0x00000000
+#define KSMETHOD_TYPE_READ		0x00000001
+#define KSMETHOD_TYPE_WRITE		0x00000002
+#define KSMETHOD_TYPE_MODIFY		0x00000003
+#define KSMETHOD_TYPE_SOURCE		0x00000004
+
+#define KSMETHOD_TYPE_SEND		0x00000001
+#define KSMETHOD_TYPE_SETSUPPORT	0x00000100
+#define KSMETHOD_TYPE_BASICSUPPORT	0x00000200
+
+#define KSMETHOD_TYPE_TOPOLOGY		0x10000000
+
+#define KSPROPERTY_TYPE_GET		0x00000001
+#define KSPROPERTY_TYPE_SET		0x00000002
+#define KSPROPERTY_TYPE_SETSUPPORT	0x00000100
+#define KSPROPERTY_TYPE_BASICSUPPORT	0x00000200
+#define KSPROPERTY_TYPE_RELATIONS	0x00000400
+#define KSPROPERTY_TYPE_SERIALIZESET	0x00000800
+#define KSPROPERTY_TYPE_UNSERIALIZESET	0x00001000
+#define KSPROPERTY_TYPE_SERIALIZERAW	0x00002000
+#define KSPROPERTY_TYPE_UNSERIALIZERAW	0x00004000
+#define KSPROPERTY_TYPE_SERIALIZESIZE	0x00008000
+#define KSPROPERTY_TYPE_DEFAULTVALUES	0x00010000
+
+#define KSPROPERTY_TYPE_TOPOLOGY	0x10000000
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG NodeId;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+} KSP_NODE,*PKSP_NODE;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSMETHOD Method;
+  ULONG NodeId;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+} KSM_NODE,*PKSM_NODE;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSEVENT Event;
+  ULONG NodeId;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+} KSE_NODE,*PKSE_NODE;
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPTYPESETID_General					\
+	0x97E99BA0L,0xBDEA,0x11CF,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("97E99BA0-BDEA-11CF-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSPROPTYPESETID_General);
+#define KSPROPTYPESETID_General DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPTYPESETID_General)
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG Size;
+  ULONG Count;
+} KSMULTIPLE_ITEM,*PKSMULTIPLE_ITEM;
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG AccessFlags;
+  ULONG DescriptionSize;
+  KSIDENTIFIER PropTypeSet;
+  ULONG MembersListCount;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+} KSPROPERTY_DESCRIPTION,*PKSPROPERTY_DESCRIPTION;
+
+#define KSPROPERTY_MEMBER_RANGES		0x00000001
+#define KSPROPERTY_MEMBER_STEPPEDRANGES		0x00000002
+#define KSPROPERTY_MEMBER_VALUES		0x00000003
+
+#define KSPROPERTY_MEMBER_FLAG_DEFAULT		0x00000001
+#define KSPROPERTY_MEMBER_FLAG_BASICSUPPORT_MULTICHANNEL 0x00000002
+#define KSPROPERTY_MEMBER_FLAG_BASICSUPPORT_UNIFORM	0x00000004
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG MembersFlags;
+  ULONG MembersSize;
+  ULONG MembersCount;
+  ULONG Flags;
+} KSPROPERTY_MEMBERSHEADER,*PKSPROPERTY_MEMBERSHEADER;
+
+typedef union {
+  _KS_ANON_STRUCT(_SIGNED)
+  {
+    LONG SignedMinimum;
+    LONG SignedMaximum;
+  };
+  _KS_ANON_STRUCT(_UNSIGNED)
+  {
+    ULONG UnsignedMinimum;
+    ULONG UnsignedMaximum;
+  };
+} KSPROPERTY_BOUNDS_LONG,*PKSPROPERTY_BOUNDS_LONG;
+
+typedef union {
+  _KS_ANON_STRUCT(_SIGNED64)
+  {
+    LONGLONG SignedMinimum;
+    LONGLONG SignedMaximum;
+  };
+  _KS_ANON_STRUCT(_UNSIGNED64)
+  {
+    DWORDLONG UnsignedMinimum;
+    DWORDLONG UnsignedMaximum;
+  };
+} KSPROPERTY_BOUNDS_LONGLONG,*PKSPROPERTY_BOUNDS_LONGLONG;
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG SteppingDelta;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+  KSPROPERTY_BOUNDS_LONG Bounds;
+} KSPROPERTY_STEPPING_LONG,*PKSPROPERTY_STEPPING_LONG;
+
+typedef struct {
+  DWORDLONG SteppingDelta;
+  KSPROPERTY_BOUNDS_LONGLONG Bounds;
+} KSPROPERTY_STEPPING_LONGLONG,*PKSPROPERTY_STEPPING_LONGLONG;
+
+#if defined(_NTDDK_)
+typedef struct _KSDEVICE_DESCRIPTOR KSDEVICE_DESCRIPTOR, *PKSDEVICE_DESCRIPTOR;
+typedef struct _KSDEVICE_DISPATCH KSDEVICE_DISPATCH, *PKSDEVICE_DISPATCH;
+typedef struct _KSDEVICE KSDEVICE, *PKSDEVICE;
+typedef struct _KSFILTERFACTORY KSFILTERFACTORY, *PKSFILTERFACTORY;
+typedef struct _KSFILTER_DESCRIPTOR KSFILTER_DESCRIPTOR, *PKSFILTER_DESCRIPTOR;
+typedef struct _KSFILTER_DISPATCH KSFILTER_DISPATCH, *PKSFILTER_DISPATCH;
+typedef struct _KSFILTER KSFILTER, *PKSFILTER;
+typedef struct _KSPIN_DESCRIPTOR_EX KSPIN_DESCRIPTOR_EX, *PKSPIN_DESCRIPTOR_EX;
+typedef struct _KSPIN_DISPATCH KSPIN_DISPATCH, *PKSPIN_DISPATCH;
+typedef struct _KSCLOCK_DISPATCH KSCLOCK_DISPATCH, *PKSCLOCK_DISPATCH;
+typedef struct _KSALLOCATOR_DISPATCH KSALLOCATOR_DISPATCH, *PKSALLOCATOR_DISPATCH;
+typedef struct _KSPIN KSPIN, *PKSPIN;
+typedef struct _KSNODE_DESCRIPTOR KSNODE_DESCRIPTOR, *PKSNODE_DESCRIPTOR;
+typedef struct _KSSTREAM_POINTER_OFFSET KSSTREAM_POINTER_OFFSET, *PKSSTREAM_POINTER_OFFSET;
+typedef struct _KSSTREAM_POINTER KSSTREAM_POINTER, *PKSSTREAM_POINTER;
+typedef struct _KSMAPPING KSMAPPING, *PKSMAPPING;
+typedef struct _KSPROCESSPIN KSPROCESSPIN, *PKSPROCESSPIN;
+typedef struct _KSPROCESSPIN_INDEXENTRY KSPROCESSPIN_INDEXENTRY, *PKSPROCESSPIN_INDEXENTRY;
+#endif /* _NTDDK_ */
+
+typedef PVOID PKSWORKER;
+
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG NotificationType;
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union {
+    struct {
+      HANDLE Event;
+      ULONG_PTR Reserved[2];
+    } EventHandle;
+    struct {
+      HANDLE Semaphore;
+      ULONG Reserved;
+      LONG Adjustment;
+    } SemaphoreHandle;
+#if defined(_NTDDK_)
+    struct {
+      PVOID Event;
+      KPRIORITY Increment;
+      ULONG_PTR Reserved;
+    } EventObject;
+    struct {
+      PVOID Semaphore;
+      KPRIORITY Increment;
+      LONG Adjustment;
+    } SemaphoreObject;
+    struct {
+      PKDPC Dpc;
+      ULONG ReferenceCount;
+      ULONG_PTR Reserved;
+    } Dpc;
+    struct {
+      PWORK_QUEUE_ITEM WorkQueueItem;
+      WORK_QUEUE_TYPE WorkQueueType;
+      ULONG_PTR Reserved;
+    } WorkItem;
+    struct {
+      PWORK_QUEUE_ITEM WorkQueueItem;
+      PKSWORKER KsWorkerObject;
+      ULONG_PTR Reserved;
+    } KsWorkItem;
+#endif /* _NTDDK_ */
+    struct {
+      PVOID Unused;
+      LONG_PTR Alignment[2];
+    } Alignment;
+  };
+} KSEVENTDATA,*PKSEVENTDATA;
+
+#define KSEVENTF_EVENT_HANDLE		0x00000001
+#define KSEVENTF_SEMAPHORE_HANDLE	0x00000002
+#if defined(_NTDDK_)
+#define KSEVENTF_EVENT_OBJECT		0x00000004
+#define KSEVENTF_SEMAPHORE_OBJECT	0x00000008
+#define KSEVENTF_DPC			0x00000010
+#define KSEVENTF_WORKITEM		0x00000020
+#define KSEVENTF_KSWORKITEM		0x00000080
+#endif /* _NTDDK_ */
+
+#define KSEVENT_TYPE_ENABLE		0x00000001
+#define KSEVENT_TYPE_ONESHOT		0x00000002
+#define KSEVENT_TYPE_ENABLEBUFFERED	0x00000004
+#define KSEVENT_TYPE_SETSUPPORT		0x00000100
+#define KSEVENT_TYPE_BASICSUPPORT	0x00000200
+#define KSEVENT_TYPE_QUERYBUFFER	0x00000400
+
+#define KSEVENT_TYPE_TOPOLOGY		0x10000000
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSEVENT Event;
+  PKSEVENTDATA EventData;
+  PVOID Reserved;
+} KSQUERYBUFFER,*PKSQUERYBUFFER;
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG Size;
+  ULONG Flags;
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union {
+    HANDLE ObjectHandle;
+    PVOID ObjectPointer;
+  };
+  PVOID Reserved;
+  KSEVENT Event;
+  KSEVENTDATA EventData;
+} KSRELATIVEEVENT;
+
+#define KSRELATIVEEVENT_FLAG_HANDLE	0x00000001
+#define KSRELATIVEEVENT_FLAG_POINTER	0x00000002
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSEVENTDATA EventData;
+  LONGLONG MarkTime;
+} KSEVENT_TIME_MARK,*PKSEVENT_TIME_MARK;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSEVENTDATA EventData;
+  LONGLONG TimeBase;
+  LONGLONG Interval;
+} KSEVENT_TIME_INTERVAL,*PKSEVENT_TIME_INTERVAL;
+
+typedef struct {
+  LONGLONG TimeBase;
+  LONGLONG Interval;
+} KSINTERVAL,*PKSINTERVAL;
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_General					\
+	0x1464EDA5L,0x6A8F,0x11D1,0x9A,0xA7,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("1464EDA5-6A8F-11D1-9AA7-00A0C9223196",KSPROPSETID_General);
+#define KSPROPSETID_General DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_General)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_GENERAL_COMPONENTID
+} KSPROPERTY_GENERAL;
+
+typedef struct {
+  GUID Manufacturer;
+  GUID Product;
+  GUID Component;
+  GUID Name;
+  ULONG Version;
+  ULONG Revision;
+} KSCOMPONENTID,*PKSCOMPONENTID;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_GENERAL_COMPONENTID(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_GENERAL_COMPONENTID,		\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KSCOMPONENTID),			\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define STATIC_KSMETHODSETID_StreamIo	\
+	0x65D003CAL,0x1523,0x11D2,0xB2,0x7A,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("65D003CA-1523-11D2-B27A-00A0C9223196",KSMETHODSETID_StreamIo);
+#define KSMETHODSETID_StreamIo DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSMETHODSETID_StreamIo)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSMETHOD_STREAMIO_READ,
+  KSMETHOD_STREAMIO_WRITE
+} KSMETHOD_STREAMIO;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSMETHOD_ITEM_STREAMIO_READ(Handler)			\
+	DEFINE_KSMETHOD_ITEM(						\
+				KSMETHOD_STREAMIO_READ,			\
+				KSMETHOD_TYPE_WRITE,			\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSMETHOD),			\
+				0,					\
+				NULL)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSMETHOD_ITEM_STREAMIO_WRITE(Handler)			\
+	DEFINE_KSMETHOD_ITEM(						\
+				KSMETHOD_STREAMIO_WRITE,		\
+				KSMETHOD_TYPE_READ,			\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSMETHOD),			\
+				0,					\
+				NULL)
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_MediaSeeking					\
+	0xEE904F0CL,0xD09B,0x11D0,0xAB,0xE9,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("EE904F0C-D09B-11D0-ABE9-00A0C9223196",KSPROPSETID_MediaSeeking);
+#define KSPROPSETID_MediaSeeking DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_MediaSeeking)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING_CAPABILITIES,
+  KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING_FORMATS,
+  KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING_TIMEFORMAT,
+  KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING_POSITION,
+  KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING_STOPPOSITION,
+  KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING_POSITIONS,
+  KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING_DURATION,
+  KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING_AVAILABLE,
+  KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING_PREROLL,
+  KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING_CONVERTTIMEFORMAT
+} KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KS_SEEKING_NoPositioning,
+  KS_SEEKING_AbsolutePositioning,
+  KS_SEEKING_RelativePositioning,
+  KS_SEEKING_IncrementalPositioning,
+  KS_SEEKING_PositioningBitsMask = 0x3,
+  KS_SEEKING_SeekToKeyFrame,
+  KS_SEEKING_ReturnTime = 0x8
+} KS_SEEKING_FLAGS;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KS_SEEKING_CanSeekAbsolute = 0x1,
+  KS_SEEKING_CanSeekForwards = 0x2,
+  KS_SEEKING_CanSeekBackwards = 0x4,
+  KS_SEEKING_CanGetCurrentPos = 0x8,
+  KS_SEEKING_CanGetStopPos = 0x10,
+  KS_SEEKING_CanGetDuration = 0x20,
+  KS_SEEKING_CanPlayBackwards = 0x40
+} KS_SEEKING_CAPABILITIES;
+
+typedef struct {
+  LONGLONG Current;
+  LONGLONG Stop;
+  KS_SEEKING_FLAGS CurrentFlags;
+  KS_SEEKING_FLAGS StopFlags;
+} KSPROPERTY_POSITIONS,*PKSPROPERTY_POSITIONS;
+
+typedef struct {
+  LONGLONG Earliest;
+  LONGLONG Latest;
+} KSPROPERTY_MEDIAAVAILABLE,*PKSPROPERTY_MEDIAAVAILABLE;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  GUID SourceFormat;
+  GUID TargetFormat;
+  LONGLONG Time;
+} KSP_TIMEFORMAT,*PKSP_TIMEFORMAT;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_MEDIASEEKING_CAPABILITIES(Handler)	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING_CAPABILITIES,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KS_SEEKING_CAPABILITIES),	\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_MEDIASEEKING_FORMATS(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING_FORMATS,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				0,					\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_MEDIASEEKING_TIMEFORMAT(GetHandler,SetHandler) \
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING_TIMEFORMAT,	\
+				(GetHandler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(GUID),				\
+				(SetHandler),				\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_MEDIASEEKING_POSITION(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING_POSITION,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(LONGLONG),			\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_MEDIASEEKING_STOPPOSITION(Handler)	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING_STOPPOSITION,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(LONGLONG),			\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_MEDIASEEKING_POSITIONS(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING_POSITIONS,	\
+				NULL,					\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY_POSITIONS),		\
+				(Handler),				\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_MEDIASEEKING_DURATION(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING_DURATION,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(LONGLONG),			\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_MEDIASEEKING_AVAILABLE(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING_AVAILABLE,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY_MEDIAAVAILABLE),	\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_MEDIASEEKING_PREROLL(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING_PREROLL,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(LONGLONG),			\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_MEDIASEEKING_CONVERTTIMEFORMAT(Handler)	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_MEDIASEEKING_CONVERTTIMEFORMAT, \
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSP_TIMEFORMAT),			\
+				sizeof(LONGLONG),			\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_Topology					\
+	0x720D4AC0L,0x7533,0x11D0,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("720D4AC0-7533-11D0-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSPROPSETID_Topology);
+#define KSPROPSETID_Topology DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_Topology)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_TOPOLOGY_CATEGORIES,
+  KSPROPERTY_TOPOLOGY_NODES,
+  KSPROPERTY_TOPOLOGY_CONNECTIONS,
+  KSPROPERTY_TOPOLOGY_NAME
+} KSPROPERTY_TOPOLOGY;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_TOPOLOGY_CATEGORIES(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_TOPOLOGY_CATEGORIES,		\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				0,					\
+				NULL, NULL, 0,NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_TOPOLOGY_NODES(Handler)			\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_TOPOLOGY_NODES,		\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				0,					\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_TOPOLOGY_CONNECTIONS(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_TOPOLOGY_CONNECTIONS,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				0,					\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_TOPOLOGY_NAME(Handler)			\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_TOPOLOGY_NAME,		\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSP_NODE),			\
+				0,					\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_TOPOLOGYSET(TopologySet,Handler)		\
+DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_TABLE(TopologySet) {					\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_TOPOLOGY_CATEGORIES(Handler),		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_TOPOLOGY_NODES(Handler),			\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_TOPOLOGY_CONNECTIONS(Handler),		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_TOPOLOGY_NAME(Handler)			\
+}
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_BRIDGE					\
+	0x085AFF00L,0x62CE,0x11CF,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("085AFF00-62CE-11CF-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSCATEGORY_BRIDGE);
+#define KSCATEGORY_BRIDGE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_BRIDGE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_CAPTURE					\
+	0x65E8773DL,0x8F56,0x11D0,0xA3,0xB9,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("65E8773D-8F56-11D0-A3B9-00A0C9223196",KSCATEGORY_CAPTURE);
+#define KSCATEGORY_CAPTURE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_CAPTURE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_RENDER					\
+	0x65E8773EL,0x8F56,0x11D0,0xA3,0xB9,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("65E8773E-8F56-11D0-A3B9-00A0C9223196",KSCATEGORY_RENDER);
+#define KSCATEGORY_RENDER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_RENDER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_MIXER						\
+	0xAD809C00L,0x7B88,0x11D0,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("AD809C00-7B88-11D0-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSCATEGORY_MIXER);
+#define KSCATEGORY_MIXER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_MIXER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_SPLITTER					\
+	0x0A4252A0L,0x7E70,0x11D0,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("0A4252A0-7E70-11D0-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSCATEGORY_SPLITTER);
+#define KSCATEGORY_SPLITTER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_SPLITTER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_DATACOMPRESSOR				\
+	0x1E84C900L,0x7E70,0x11D0,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("1E84C900-7E70-11D0-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSCATEGORY_DATACOMPRESSOR);
+#define KSCATEGORY_DATACOMPRESSOR DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_DATACOMPRESSOR)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_DATADECOMPRESSOR				\
+	0x2721AE20L,0x7E70,0x11D0,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("2721AE20-7E70-11D0-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSCATEGORY_DATADECOMPRESSOR);
+#define KSCATEGORY_DATADECOMPRESSOR DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_DATADECOMPRESSOR)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_DATATRANSFORM					\
+	0x2EB07EA0L,0x7E70,0x11D0,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("2EB07EA0-7E70-11D0-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSCATEGORY_DATATRANSFORM);
+#define KSCATEGORY_DATATRANSFORM DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_DATATRANSFORM)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_COMMUNICATIONSTRANSFORM			\
+	0xCF1DDA2CL,0x9743,0x11D0,0xA3,0xEE,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("CF1DDA2C-9743-11D0-A3EE-00A0C9223196",KSCATEGORY_COMMUNICATIONSTRANSFORM);
+#define KSCATEGORY_COMMUNICATIONSTRANSFORM DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_COMMUNICATIONSTRANSFORM)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_INTERFACETRANSFORM				\
+	0xCF1DDA2DL,0x9743,0x11D0,0xA3,0xEE,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("CF1DDA2D-9743-11D0-A3EE-00A0C9223196",KSCATEGORY_INTERFACETRANSFORM);
+#define KSCATEGORY_INTERFACETRANSFORM DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_INTERFACETRANSFORM)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_MEDIUMTRANSFORM				\
+	0xCF1DDA2EL,0x9743,0x11D0,0xA3,0xEE,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("CF1DDA2E-9743-11D0-A3EE-00A0C9223196",KSCATEGORY_MEDIUMTRANSFORM);
+#define KSCATEGORY_MEDIUMTRANSFORM DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_MEDIUMTRANSFORM)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_FILESYSTEM					\
+	0x760FED5EL,0x9357,0x11D0,0xA3,0xCC,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("760FED5E-9357-11D0-A3CC-00A0C9223196",KSCATEGORY_FILESYSTEM);
+#define KSCATEGORY_FILESYSTEM DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_FILESYSTEM)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_CLOCK						\
+	0x53172480L,0x4791,0x11D0,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("53172480-4791-11D0-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSCATEGORY_CLOCK);
+#define KSCATEGORY_CLOCK DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_CLOCK)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_PROXY						\
+	0x97EBAACAL,0x95BD,0x11D0,0xA3,0xEA,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("97EBAACA-95BD-11D0-A3EA-00A0C9223196",KSCATEGORY_PROXY);
+#define KSCATEGORY_PROXY DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_PROXY)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_QUALITY					\
+	0x97EBAACBL,0x95BD,0x11D0,0xA3,0xEA,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("97EBAACB-95BD-11D0-A3EA-00A0C9223196",KSCATEGORY_QUALITY);
+#define KSCATEGORY_QUALITY DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_QUALITY)
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG FromNode;
+  ULONG FromNodePin;
+  ULONG ToNode;
+  ULONG ToNodePin;
+} KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION,*PKSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION;
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG CategoriesCount;
+  const GUID *Categories;
+  ULONG TopologyNodesCount;
+  const GUID *TopologyNodes;
+  ULONG TopologyConnectionsCount;
+  const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION *TopologyConnections;
+  const GUID *TopologyNodesNames;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+} KSTOPOLOGY,*PKSTOPOLOGY;
+
+#define KSFILTER_NODE	((ULONG)-1)
+#define KSALL_NODES	((ULONG)-1)
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG CreateFlags;
+  ULONG Node;
+} KSNODE_CREATE,*PKSNODE_CREATE;
+
+#define STATIC_KSTIME_FORMAT_NONE	STATIC_GUID_NULL
+#define KSTIME_FORMAT_NONE		GUID_NULL
+
+#define STATIC_KSTIME_FORMAT_FRAME					\
+	0x7b785570L,0x8c82,0x11cf,0xbc,0x0c,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0xac,0x74,0xf6
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("7b785570-8c82-11cf-bc0c-00aa00ac74f6",KSTIME_FORMAT_FRAME);
+#define KSTIME_FORMAT_FRAME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSTIME_FORMAT_FRAME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSTIME_FORMAT_BYTE					\
+	0x7b785571L,0x8c82,0x11cf,0xbc,0x0c,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0xac,0x74,0xf6
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("7b785571-8c82-11cf-bc0c-00aa00ac74f6",KSTIME_FORMAT_BYTE);
+#define KSTIME_FORMAT_BYTE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSTIME_FORMAT_BYTE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSTIME_FORMAT_SAMPLE					\
+	0x7b785572L,0x8c82,0x11cf,0xbc,0x0c,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0xac,0x74,0xf6
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("7b785572-8c82-11cf-bc0c-00aa00ac74f6",KSTIME_FORMAT_SAMPLE);
+#define KSTIME_FORMAT_SAMPLE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSTIME_FORMAT_SAMPLE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSTIME_FORMAT_FIELD					\
+	0x7b785573L,0x8c82,0x11cf,0xbc,0x0c,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0xac,0x74,0xf6
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("7b785573-8c82-11cf-bc0c-00aa00ac74f6",KSTIME_FORMAT_FIELD);
+#define KSTIME_FORMAT_FIELD DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSTIME_FORMAT_FIELD)
+
+#define STATIC_KSTIME_FORMAT_MEDIA_TIME					\
+	0x7b785574L,0x8c82,0x11cf,0xbc,0x0c,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0xac,0x74,0xf6
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("7b785574-8c82-11cf-bc0c-00aa00ac74f6",KSTIME_FORMAT_MEDIA_TIME);
+#define KSTIME_FORMAT_MEDIA_TIME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSTIME_FORMAT_MEDIA_TIME)
+
+typedef KSIDENTIFIER KSPIN_INTERFACE,*PKSPIN_INTERFACE;
+
+#define STATIC_KSINTERFACESETID_Standard				\
+	0x1A8766A0L,0x62CE,0x11CF,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("1A8766A0-62CE-11CF-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSINTERFACESETID_Standard);
+#define KSINTERFACESETID_Standard DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSINTERFACESETID_Standard)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSINTERFACE_STANDARD_STREAMING,
+  KSINTERFACE_STANDARD_LOOPED_STREAMING,
+  KSINTERFACE_STANDARD_CONTROL
+} KSINTERFACE_STANDARD;
+
+#define STATIC_KSINTERFACESETID_FileIo					\
+	0x8C6F932CL,0xE771,0x11D0,0xB8,0xFF,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("8C6F932C-E771-11D0-B8FF-00A0C9223196",KSINTERFACESETID_FileIo);
+#define KSINTERFACESETID_FileIo DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSINTERFACESETID_FileIo)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSINTERFACE_FILEIO_STREAMING
+} KSINTERFACE_FILEIO;
+
+#define KSMEDIUM_TYPE_ANYINSTANCE		0
+
+#define STATIC_KSMEDIUMSETID_Standard					\
+	0x4747B320L,0x62CE,0x11CF,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("4747B320-62CE-11CF-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSMEDIUMSETID_Standard);
+#define KSMEDIUMSETID_Standard DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSMEDIUMSETID_Standard)
+
+#define KSMEDIUM_STANDARD_DEVIO KSMEDIUM_TYPE_ANYINSTANCE
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_Pin						\
+	0x8C134960L,0x51AD,0x11CF,0x87,0x8A,0x94,0xF8,0x01,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("8C134960-51AD-11CF-878A-94F801C10000",KSPROPSETID_Pin);
+#define KSPROPSETID_Pin DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_Pin)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_PIN_CINSTANCES,
+  KSPROPERTY_PIN_CTYPES,
+  KSPROPERTY_PIN_DATAFLOW,
+  KSPROPERTY_PIN_DATARANGES,
+  KSPROPERTY_PIN_DATAINTERSECTION,
+  KSPROPERTY_PIN_INTERFACES,
+  KSPROPERTY_PIN_MEDIUMS,
+  KSPROPERTY_PIN_COMMUNICATION,
+  KSPROPERTY_PIN_GLOBALCINSTANCES,
+  KSPROPERTY_PIN_NECESSARYINSTANCES,
+  KSPROPERTY_PIN_PHYSICALCONNECTION,
+  KSPROPERTY_PIN_CATEGORY,
+  KSPROPERTY_PIN_NAME,
+  KSPROPERTY_PIN_CONSTRAINEDDATARANGES,
+  KSPROPERTY_PIN_PROPOSEDATAFORMAT
+} KSPROPERTY_PIN;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG PinId;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+} KSP_PIN,*PKSP_PIN;
+
+#define KSINSTANCE_INDETERMINATE	((ULONG)-1)
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG PossibleCount;
+  ULONG CurrentCount;
+} KSPIN_CINSTANCES,*PKSPIN_CINSTANCES;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPIN_DATAFLOW_IN = 1,
+  KSPIN_DATAFLOW_OUT
+} KSPIN_DATAFLOW,*PKSPIN_DATAFLOW;
+
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_BIT_TEMPORAL_COMPRESSION	0
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_TEMPORAL_COMPRESSION	(1 << KSDATAFORMAT_BIT_TEMPORAL_COMPRESSION)
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_BIT_ATTRIBUTES		1
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_ATTRIBUTES			(1 << KSDATAFORMAT_BIT_ATTRIBUTES)
+
+#define KSDATARANGE_BIT_ATTRIBUTES		1
+#define KSDATARANGE_ATTRIBUTES			(1 << KSDATARANGE_BIT_ATTRIBUTES)
+#define KSDATARANGE_BIT_REQUIRED_ATTRIBUTES	2
+#define KSDATARANGE_REQUIRED_ATTRIBUTES		(1 << KSDATARANGE_BIT_REQUIRED_ATTRIBUTES)
+
+typedef union {
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION struct {
+    ULONG FormatSize;
+    ULONG Flags;
+    ULONG SampleSize;
+    ULONG Reserved;
+    GUID MajorFormat;
+    GUID SubFormat;
+    GUID Specifier;
+  };
+  LONGLONG Alignment;
+} KSDATAFORMAT,*PKSDATAFORMAT,KSDATARANGE,*PKSDATARANGE;
+
+#define KSATTRIBUTE_REQUIRED		0x00000001
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG Size;
+  ULONG Flags;
+  GUID Attribute;
+} KSATTRIBUTE,*PKSATTRIBUTE;
+
+#if defined(_NTDDK_)
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG Count;
+  PKSATTRIBUTE *Attributes;
+} KSATTRIBUTE_LIST,*PKSATTRIBUTE_LIST;
+#endif /* _NTDDK_ */
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPIN_COMMUNICATION_NONE,
+  KSPIN_COMMUNICATION_SINK,
+  KSPIN_COMMUNICATION_SOURCE,
+  KSPIN_COMMUNICATION_BOTH,
+  KSPIN_COMMUNICATION_BRIDGE
+} KSPIN_COMMUNICATION,*PKSPIN_COMMUNICATION;
+
+typedef KSIDENTIFIER KSPIN_MEDIUM,*PKSPIN_MEDIUM;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPIN_INTERFACE Interface;
+  KSPIN_MEDIUM Medium;
+  ULONG PinId;
+  HANDLE PinToHandle;
+  KSPRIORITY Priority;
+} KSPIN_CONNECT,*PKSPIN_CONNECT;
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG Size;
+  ULONG Pin;
+  WCHAR SymbolicLinkName[1];
+} KSPIN_PHYSICALCONNECTION,*PKSPIN_PHYSICALCONNECTION;
+
+#if defined(_NTDDK_)
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSINTERSECTHANDLER) ( PIRP Irp, PKSP_PIN Pin,
+					    PKSDATARANGE DataRange,
+					    PVOID Data);
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSINTERSECTHANDLEREX)(PVOID Context, PIRP Irp,
+					    PKSP_PIN Pin,
+					    PKSDATARANGE DataRange,
+					    PKSDATARANGE MatchingDataRange,
+					    ULONG DataBufferSize,
+					    PVOID Data,
+					    PULONG DataSize);
+#endif /* _NTDDK_ */
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPIN_INTERFACE_TABLE(tablename)				\
+	const KSPIN_INTERFACE tablename[] =
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPIN_INTERFACE_ITEM(guid,_interFace)			\
+	{								\
+		STATICGUIDOF(guid),					\
+		(_interFace),						\
+		0							\
+	}
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPIN_MEDIUM_TABLE(tablename)				\
+	const KSPIN_MEDIUM tablename[] =
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPIN_MEDIUM_ITEM(guid,medium)				\
+		DEFINE_KSPIN_INTERFACE_ITEM(guid,medium)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_CINSTANCES(Handler)			\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_PIN_CINSTANCES,		\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSP_PIN),			\
+				sizeof(KSPIN_CINSTANCES),		\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_CTYPES(Handler)			\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_PIN_CTYPES,			\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(ULONG),				\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_DATAFLOW(Handler)			\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_PIN_DATAFLOW,		\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSP_PIN),			\
+				sizeof(KSPIN_DATAFLOW),			\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_DATARANGES(Handler)			\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_PIN_DATARANGES,		\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSP_PIN),			\
+				0,					\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_DATAINTERSECTION(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_PIN_DATAINTERSECTION,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSP_PIN) + sizeof(KSMULTIPLE_ITEM),\
+				0,					\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_INTERFACES(Handler)			\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_PIN_INTERFACES,		\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSP_PIN),			\
+				0,					\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_MEDIUMS(Handler)			\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_PIN_MEDIUMS,			\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSP_PIN),			\
+				0,					\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_COMMUNICATION(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_PIN_COMMUNICATION,		\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSP_PIN),			\
+				sizeof(KSPIN_COMMUNICATION),		\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_GLOBALCINSTANCES(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_PIN_GLOBALCINSTANCES,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSP_PIN),			\
+				sizeof(KSPIN_CINSTANCES),		\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_NECESSARYINSTANCES(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_PIN_NECESSARYINSTANCES,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSP_PIN),			\
+				sizeof(ULONG),				\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_PHYSICALCONNECTION(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_PIN_PHYSICALCONNECTION,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSP_PIN),			\
+				0,					\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_CATEGORY(Handler)			\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_PIN_CATEGORY,		\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSP_PIN),			\
+				sizeof(GUID),				\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_NAME(Handler)			\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_PIN_NAME,			\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSP_PIN),			\
+				0,					\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_CONSTRAINEDDATARANGES(Handler)	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_PIN_CONSTRAINEDDATARANGES,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSP_PIN),			\
+				0,					\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_PROPOSEDATAFORMAT(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_PIN_PROPOSEDATAFORMAT,	\
+				NULL,					\
+				sizeof(KSP_PIN),			\
+				sizeof(KSDATAFORMAT),			\
+				(Handler), NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_PINSET(PinSet,PropGeneral,PropInstances,PropIntersection) \
+DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_TABLE(PinSet) {					\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_CINSTANCES(PropInstances),		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_CTYPES(PropGeneral),			\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_DATAFLOW(PropGeneral),		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_DATARANGES(PropGeneral),		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_DATAINTERSECTION(PropIntersection),	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_INTERFACES(PropGeneral),		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_MEDIUMS(PropGeneral),		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_COMMUNICATION(PropGeneral),		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_CATEGORY(PropGeneral),		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_NAME(PropGeneral)			\
+}
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_PINSETCONSTRAINED(PinSet,PropGeneral,PropInstances,PropIntersection) \
+DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_TABLE(PinSet) {					\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_CINSTANCES(PropInstances),		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_CTYPES(PropGeneral),			\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_DATAFLOW(PropGeneral),		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_DATARANGES(PropGeneral),		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_DATAINTERSECTION(PropIntersection),	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_INTERFACES(PropGeneral),		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_MEDIUMS(PropGeneral),		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_COMMUNICATION(PropGeneral),		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_CATEGORY(PropGeneral),		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_NAME(PropGeneral),			\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_PIN_CONSTRAINEDDATARANGES(PropGeneral)	\
+}
+
+#define STATIC_KSNAME_Filter						\
+	0x9b365890L,0x165f,0x11d0,0xa1,0x95,0x00,0x20,0xaf,0xd1,0x56,0xe4
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("9b365890-165f-11d0-a195-0020afd156e4",KSNAME_Filter);
+#define KSNAME_Filter DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNAME_Filter)
+
+#define KSSTRING_Filter		L"{9B365890-165F-11D0-A195-0020AFD156E4}"
+
+#define STATIC_KSNAME_Pin						\
+	0x146F1A80L,0x4791,0x11D0,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("146F1A80-4791-11D0-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSNAME_Pin);
+#define KSNAME_Pin DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNAME_Pin)
+
+#define KSSTRING_Pin		L"{146F1A80-4791-11D0-A5D6-28DB04C10000}"
+
+#define STATIC_KSNAME_Clock						\
+	0x53172480L,0x4791,0x11D0,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("53172480-4791-11D0-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSNAME_Clock);
+#define KSNAME_Clock DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNAME_Clock)
+
+#define KSSTRING_Clock		L"{53172480-4791-11D0-A5D6-28DB04C10000}"
+
+#define STATIC_KSNAME_Allocator						\
+	0x642F5D00L,0x4791,0x11D0,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("642F5D00-4791-11D0-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSNAME_Allocator);
+#define KSNAME_Allocator DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNAME_Allocator)
+
+#define KSSTRING_Allocator	L"{642F5D00-4791-11D0-A5D6-28DB04C10000}"
+
+#define KSSTRING_AllocatorEx	L"{091BB63B-603F-11D1-B067-00A0C9062802}"
+
+#define STATIC_KSNAME_TopologyNode					\
+	0x0621061AL,0xEE75,0x11D0,0xB9,0x15,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("0621061A-EE75-11D0-B915-00A0C9223196",KSNAME_TopologyNode);
+#define KSNAME_TopologyNode DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNAME_TopologyNode)
+
+#define KSSTRING_TopologyNode	L"{0621061A-EE75-11D0-B915-00A0C9223196}"
+
+#if defined(_NTDDK_)
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG InterfacesCount;
+  const KSPIN_INTERFACE *Interfaces;
+  ULONG MediumsCount;
+  const KSPIN_MEDIUM *Mediums;
+  ULONG DataRangesCount;
+  const PKSDATARANGE *DataRanges;
+  KSPIN_DATAFLOW DataFlow;
+  KSPIN_COMMUNICATION Communication;
+  const GUID *Category;
+  const GUID *Name;
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union {
+    LONGLONG Reserved;
+    __MINGW_EXTENSION struct {
+      ULONG ConstrainedDataRangesCount;
+      PKSDATARANGE *ConstrainedDataRanges;
+    };
+  };
+} KSPIN_DESCRIPTOR, *PKSPIN_DESCRIPTOR;
+typedef const KSPIN_DESCRIPTOR *PCKSPIN_DESCRIPTOR;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPIN_DESCRIPTOR_TABLE(tablename)			\
+	const KSPIN_DESCRIPTOR tablename[] =
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPIN_DESCRIPTOR_ITEM(InterfacesCount,Interfaces,MediumsCount, Mediums,DataRangesCount,DataRanges,DataFlow,Communication)\
+{									\
+		InterfacesCount, Interfaces, MediumsCount, Mediums,	\
+		DataRangesCount, DataRanges, DataFlow, Communication,	\
+		NULL, NULL, 0						\
+}
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPIN_DESCRIPTOR_ITEMEX(InterfacesCount,Interfaces,MediumsCount,Mediums,DataRangesCount,DataRanges,DataFlow,Communication,Category,Name)\
+{									\
+		InterfacesCount, Interfaces, MediumsCount, Mediums,	\
+		DataRangesCount, DataRanges, DataFlow, Communication,	\
+		Category, Name, 0					\
+}
+#endif /* _NTDDK_ */
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_WILDCARD	STATIC_GUID_NULL
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_WILDCARD		GUID_NULL
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_WILDCARD	STATIC_GUID_NULL
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_WILDCARD		GUID_NULL
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_STREAM					\
+	0xE436EB83L,0x524F,0x11CE,0x9F,0x53,0x00,0x20,0xAF,0x0B,0xA7,0x70
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("E436EB83-524F-11CE-9F53-0020AF0BA770",KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_STREAM);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_STREAM DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_STREAM)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_NONE				\
+	0xE436EB8EL,0x524F,0x11CE,0x9F,0x53,0x00,0x20,0xAF,0x0B,0xA7,0x70
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("E436EB8E-524F-11CE-9F53-0020AF0BA770",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_NONE);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_NONE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_NONE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_WILDCARD	STATIC_GUID_NULL
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_WILDCARD		GUID_NULL
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_FILENAME				\
+	0xAA797B40L,0xE974,0x11CF,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("AA797B40-E974-11CF-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_FILENAME);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_FILENAME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_FILENAME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_FILEHANDLE			\
+	0x65E8773CL,0x8F56,0x11D0,0xA3,0xB9,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("65E8773C-8F56-11D0-A3B9-00A0C9223196",KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_FILEHANDLE);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_FILEHANDLE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_FILEHANDLE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_NONE				\
+	0x0F6417D6L,0xC318,0x11D0,0xA4,0x3F,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("0F6417D6-C318-11D0-A43F-00A0C9223196",KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_NONE);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_NONE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_NONE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_Quality					\
+	0xD16AD380L,0xAC1A,0x11CF,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("D16AD380-AC1A-11CF-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSPROPSETID_Quality);
+#define KSPROPSETID_Quality DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_Quality)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_QUALITY_REPORT,
+  KSPROPERTY_QUALITY_ERROR
+} KSPROPERTY_QUALITY;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_QUALITY_REPORT(GetHandler,SetHandler)	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_QUALITY_REPORT,		\
+				(GetHandler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KSQUALITY),			\
+				(SetHandler),				\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_QUALITY_ERROR(GetHandler,SetHandler)	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_QUALITY_ERROR,		\
+				(GetHandler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KSERROR),			\
+				(SetHandler),				\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_Connection					\
+	0x1D58C920L,0xAC9B,0x11CF,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("1D58C920-AC9B-11CF-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSPROPSETID_Connection);
+#define KSPROPSETID_Connection DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_Connection)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_CONNECTION_STATE,
+  KSPROPERTY_CONNECTION_PRIORITY,
+  KSPROPERTY_CONNECTION_DATAFORMAT,
+  KSPROPERTY_CONNECTION_ALLOCATORFRAMING,
+  KSPROPERTY_CONNECTION_PROPOSEDATAFORMAT,
+  KSPROPERTY_CONNECTION_ACQUIREORDERING,
+  KSPROPERTY_CONNECTION_ALLOCATORFRAMING_EX,
+  KSPROPERTY_CONNECTION_STARTAT
+} KSPROPERTY_CONNECTION;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CONNECTION_STATE(GetHandler,SetHandler)	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_CONNECTION_STATE,		\
+				(GetHandler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KSSTATE),			\
+				(SetHandler),				\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CONNECTION_PRIORITY(GetHandler,SetHandler) \
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_CONNECTION_PRIORITY,		\
+				(GetHandler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KSPRIORITY),			\
+				(SetHandler),				\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CONNECTION_DATAFORMAT(GetHandler,SetHandler)\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_CONNECTION_DATAFORMAT,	\
+				(GetHandler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				0,					\
+				(SetHandler),				\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CONNECTION_ALLOCATORFRAMING(Handler)	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_CONNECTION_ALLOCATORFRAMING,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KSALLOCATOR_FRAMING),		\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CONNECTION_ALLOCATORFRAMING_EX(Handler)	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_CONNECTION_ALLOCATORFRAMING_EX,\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				0,					\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CONNECTION_PROPOSEDATAFORMAT(Handler)	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_CONNECTION_PROPOSEDATAFORMAT,\
+				NULL,					\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KSDATAFORMAT),			\
+				(Handler),				\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CONNECTION_ACQUIREORDERING(Handler)	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_CONNECTION_ACQUIREORDERING,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(int),				\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CONNECTION_STARTAT(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_CONNECTION_STARTAT,		\
+				NULL,					\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KSRELATIVEEVENT),		\
+				(Handler),				\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define KSALLOCATOR_REQUIREMENTF_INPLACE_MODIFIER	0x00000001
+#define KSALLOCATOR_REQUIREMENTF_SYSTEM_MEMORY		0x00000002
+#define KSALLOCATOR_REQUIREMENTF_FRAME_INTEGRITY	0x00000004
+#define KSALLOCATOR_REQUIREMENTF_MUST_ALLOCATE		0x00000008
+#define KSALLOCATOR_REQUIREMENTF_PREFERENCES_ONLY	0x80000000
+
+#define KSALLOCATOR_OPTIONF_COMPATIBLE			0x00000001
+#define KSALLOCATOR_OPTIONF_SYSTEM_MEMORY		0x00000002
+#define KSALLOCATOR_OPTIONF_VALID			0x00000003
+
+#define KSALLOCATOR_FLAG_PARTIAL_READ_SUPPORT		0x00000010
+#define KSALLOCATOR_FLAG_DEVICE_SPECIFIC		0x00000020
+#define KSALLOCATOR_FLAG_CAN_ALLOCATE			0x00000040
+#define KSALLOCATOR_FLAG_INSIST_ON_FRAMESIZE_RATIO	0x00000080
+#define KSALLOCATOR_FLAG_NO_FRAME_INTEGRITY		0x00000100
+#define KSALLOCATOR_FLAG_MULTIPLE_OUTPUT		0x00000200
+#define KSALLOCATOR_FLAG_CYCLE				0x00000400
+#define KSALLOCATOR_FLAG_ALLOCATOR_EXISTS		0x00000800
+#define KSALLOCATOR_FLAG_INDEPENDENT_RANGES		0x00001000
+#define KSALLOCATOR_FLAG_ATTENTION_STEPPING		0x00002000
+
+typedef struct {
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union {
+    ULONG OptionsFlags;
+    ULONG RequirementsFlags;
+  };
+#if defined(_NTDDK_)
+  POOL_TYPE PoolType;
+#else
+  ULONG PoolType;
+#endif /* _NTDDK_ */
+  ULONG Frames;
+  ULONG FrameSize;
+  ULONG FileAlignment;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+} KSALLOCATOR_FRAMING,*PKSALLOCATOR_FRAMING;
+
+#if defined(_NTDDK_)
+typedef PVOID (*PFNKSDEFAULTALLOCATE)(PVOID Context);
+typedef VOID (*PFNKSDEFAULTFREE)(PVOID Context, PVOID Buffer);
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSINITIALIZEALLOCATOR)(PVOID InitialContext,
+					PKSALLOCATOR_FRAMING AllocatorFraming,
+					PVOID* Context);
+typedef VOID (*PFNKSDELETEALLOCATOR) (PVOID Context);
+#endif /* _NTDDK_ */
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG MinFrameSize;
+  ULONG MaxFrameSize;
+  ULONG Stepping;
+} KS_FRAMING_RANGE,*PKS_FRAMING_RANGE;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KS_FRAMING_RANGE Range;
+  ULONG InPlaceWeight;
+  ULONG NotInPlaceWeight;
+} KS_FRAMING_RANGE_WEIGHTED,*PKS_FRAMING_RANGE_WEIGHTED;
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG RatioNumerator;
+  ULONG RatioDenominator;
+  ULONG RatioConstantMargin;
+} KS_COMPRESSION,*PKS_COMPRESSION;
+
+typedef struct {
+  GUID MemoryType;
+  GUID BusType;
+  ULONG MemoryFlags;
+  ULONG BusFlags;
+  ULONG Flags;
+  ULONG Frames;
+  ULONG FileAlignment;
+  ULONG MemoryTypeWeight;
+  KS_FRAMING_RANGE PhysicalRange;
+  KS_FRAMING_RANGE_WEIGHTED FramingRange;
+} KS_FRAMING_ITEM,*PKS_FRAMING_ITEM;
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG CountItems;
+  ULONG PinFlags;
+  KS_COMPRESSION OutputCompression;
+  ULONG PinWeight;
+  KS_FRAMING_ITEM FramingItem[1];
+} KSALLOCATOR_FRAMING_EX,*PKSALLOCATOR_FRAMING_EX;
+
+#define KSMEMORY_TYPE_WILDCARD		GUID_NULL
+#define STATIC_KSMEMORY_TYPE_WILDCARD	STATIC_GUID_NULL
+
+#define KSMEMORY_TYPE_DONT_CARE		GUID_NULL
+#define STATIC_KSMEMORY_TYPE_DONT_CARE	STATIC_GUID_NULL
+
+#define KS_TYPE_DONT_CARE		GUID_NULL
+#define STATIC_KS_TYPE_DONT_CARE	STATIC_GUID_NULL
+
+#define STATIC_KSMEMORY_TYPE_SYSTEM					\
+	0x091bb638L,0x603f,0x11d1,0xb0,0x67,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x06,0x28,0x02
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("091bb638-603f-11d1-b067-00a0c9062802",KSMEMORY_TYPE_SYSTEM);
+#define KSMEMORY_TYPE_SYSTEM DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSMEMORY_TYPE_SYSTEM)
+
+#define STATIC_KSMEMORY_TYPE_USER					\
+	0x8cb0fc28L,0x7893,0x11d1,0xb0,0x69,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x06,0x28,0x02
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("8cb0fc28-7893-11d1-b069-00a0c9062802",KSMEMORY_TYPE_USER);
+#define KSMEMORY_TYPE_USER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSMEMORY_TYPE_USER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSMEMORY_TYPE_KERNEL_PAGED				\
+	0xd833f8f8L,0x7894,0x11d1,0xb0,0x69,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x06,0x28,0x02
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("d833f8f8-7894-11d1-b069-00a0c9062802",KSMEMORY_TYPE_KERNEL_PAGED);
+#define KSMEMORY_TYPE_KERNEL_PAGED DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSMEMORY_TYPE_KERNEL_PAGED)
+
+#define STATIC_KSMEMORY_TYPE_KERNEL_NONPAGED				\
+	0x4a6d5fc4L,0x7895,0x11d1,0xb0,0x69,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x06,0x28,0x02
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("4a6d5fc4-7895-11d1-b069-00a0c9062802",KSMEMORY_TYPE_KERNEL_NONPAGED);
+#define KSMEMORY_TYPE_KERNEL_NONPAGED DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSMEMORY_TYPE_KERNEL_NONPAGED)
+
+#define STATIC_KSMEMORY_TYPE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN				\
+	0x091bb639L,0x603f,0x11d1,0xb0,0x67,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x06,0x28,0x02
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("091bb639-603f-11d1-b067-00a0c9062802",KSMEMORY_TYPE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN);
+#define KSMEMORY_TYPE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSMEMORY_TYPE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN)
+
+#define DECLARE_SIMPLE_FRAMING_EX(FramingExName,MemoryType,Flags,Frames,Alignment,MinFrameSize,MaxFrameSize) \
+const KSALLOCATOR_FRAMING_EX FramingExName =				\
+{									\
+	1,								\
+	0,								\
+	{								\
+		1,							\
+		1,							\
+		0							\
+	},								\
+	0,								\
+	{								\
+		{							\
+			MemoryType,					\
+			STATIC_KS_TYPE_DONT_CARE,			\
+			0,						\
+			0,						\
+			Flags,						\
+			Frames,						\
+			Alignment,					\
+			0,						\
+			{						\
+				0,					\
+				(ULONG)-1,				\
+				1					\
+			},						\
+			{						\
+				{					\
+					MinFrameSize,			\
+					MaxFrameSize,			\
+					1				\
+				},					\
+				0,					\
+				0					\
+			}						\
+		}							\
+	}								\
+}
+
+#define SetDefaultKsCompression(KsCompressionPointer)			\
+{									\
+	KsCompressionPointer->RatioNumerator = 1;			\
+	KsCompressionPointer->RatioDenominator = 1;			\
+	KsCompressionPointer->RatioConstantMargin = 0;			\
+}
+
+#define SetDontCareKsFramingRange(KsFramingRangePointer)		\
+{									\
+	KsFramingRangePointer->MinFrameSize = 0;			\
+	KsFramingRangePointer->MaxFrameSize = (ULONG) -1;		\
+	KsFramingRangePointer->Stepping = 1;				\
+}
+
+#define SetKsFramingRange(KsFramingRangePointer,P_MinFrameSize,P_MaxFrameSize) \
+{									\
+	KsFramingRangePointer->MinFrameSize = P_MinFrameSize;		\
+	KsFramingRangePointer->MaxFrameSize = P_MaxFrameSize;		\
+	KsFramingRangePointer->Stepping = 1;				\
+}
+
+#define SetKsFramingRangeWeighted(KsFramingRangeWeightedPointer,P_MinFrameSize,P_MaxFrameSize) \
+{									\
+	KS_FRAMING_RANGE *KsFramingRange =				\
+				&KsFramingRangeWeightedPointer->Range;	\
+	SetKsFramingRange(KsFramingRange,P_MinFrameSize,P_MaxFrameSize);\
+	KsFramingRangeWeightedPointer->InPlaceWeight = 0;		\
+	KsFramingRangeWeightedPointer->NotInPlaceWeight = 0;		\
+}
+
+#define INITIALIZE_SIMPLE_FRAMING_EX(FramingExPointer,P_MemoryType,P_Flags,P_Frames,P_Alignment,P_MinFrameSize,P_MaxFrameSize) \
+{									\
+	KS_COMPRESSION *KsCompression =					\
+			&FramingExPointer->OutputCompression;		\
+	KS_FRAMING_RANGE *KsFramingRange =				\
+			&FramingExPointer->FramingItem[0].PhysicalRange;\
+	KS_FRAMING_RANGE_WEIGHTED *KsFramingRangeWeighted =		\
+			&FramingExPointer->FramingItem[0].FramingRange;	\
+	FramingExPointer->CountItems = 1;				\
+	FramingExPointer->PinFlags = 0;					\
+	SetDefaultKsCompression(KsCompression);				\
+	FramingExPointer->PinWeight = 0;				\
+	FramingExPointer->FramingItem[0].MemoryType = P_MemoryType;	\
+	FramingExPointer->FramingItem[0].BusType = KS_TYPE_DONT_CARE;	\
+	FramingExPointer->FramingItem[0].MemoryFlags = 0;		\
+	FramingExPointer->FramingItem[0].BusFlags = 0;			\
+	FramingExPointer->FramingItem[0].Flags = P_Flags;		\
+	FramingExPointer->FramingItem[0].Frames = P_Frames;		\
+	FramingExPointer->FramingItem[0].FileAlignment = P_Alignment;	\
+	FramingExPointer->FramingItem[0].MemoryTypeWeight = 0;		\
+	SetDontCareKsFramingRange(KsFramingRange);			\
+	SetKsFramingRangeWeighted(KsFramingRangeWeighted,		\
+				  P_MinFrameSize,P_MaxFrameSize);	\
+}
+
+#define STATIC_KSEVENTSETID_StreamAllocator				\
+	0x75d95571L,0x073c,0x11d0,0xa1,0x61,0x00,0x20,0xaf,0xd1,0x56,0xe4
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("75d95571-073c-11d0-a161-0020afd156e4",KSEVENTSETID_StreamAllocator);
+#define KSEVENTSETID_StreamAllocator DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSEVENTSETID_StreamAllocator)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSEVENT_STREAMALLOCATOR_INTERNAL_FREEFRAME,
+  KSEVENT_STREAMALLOCATOR_FREEFRAME
+} KSEVENT_STREAMALLOCATOR;
+
+#define STATIC_KSMETHODSETID_StreamAllocator				\
+	0xcf6e4341L,0xec87,0x11cf,0xa1,0x30,0x00,0x20,0xaf,0xd1,0x56,0xe4
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("cf6e4341-ec87-11cf-a130-0020afd156e4",KSMETHODSETID_StreamAllocator);
+#define KSMETHODSETID_StreamAllocator DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSMETHODSETID_StreamAllocator)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSMETHOD_STREAMALLOCATOR_ALLOC,
+  KSMETHOD_STREAMALLOCATOR_FREE
+} KSMETHOD_STREAMALLOCATOR;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSMETHOD_ITEM_STREAMALLOCATOR_ALLOC(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSMETHOD_ITEM(						\
+				KSMETHOD_STREAMALLOCATOR_ALLOC,		\
+				KSMETHOD_TYPE_WRITE,			\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSMETHOD),			\
+				sizeof(PVOID),				\
+				NULL)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSMETHOD_ITEM_STREAMALLOCATOR_FREE(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSMETHOD_ITEM(						\
+				KSMETHOD_STREAMALLOCATOR_FREE,		\
+				KSMETHOD_TYPE_READ,			\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSMETHOD),			\
+				sizeof(PVOID),				\
+				NULL)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSMETHOD_ALLOCATORSET(AllocatorSet,MethodAlloc,MethodFree)\
+DEFINE_KSMETHOD_TABLE(AllocatorSet) {					\
+	DEFINE_KSMETHOD_ITEM_STREAMALLOCATOR_ALLOC(MethodAlloc),	\
+	DEFINE_KSMETHOD_ITEM_STREAMALLOCATOR_FREE(MethodFree)		\
+}
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_StreamAllocator				\
+	0xcf6e4342L,0xec87,0x11cf,0xa1,0x30,0x00,0x20,0xaf,0xd1,0x56,0xe4
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("cf6e4342-ec87-11cf-a130-0020afd156e4",KSPROPSETID_StreamAllocator);
+#define KSPROPSETID_StreamAllocator DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_StreamAllocator)
+
+#if defined(_NTDDK_)
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_STREAMALLOCATOR_FUNCTIONTABLE,
+  KSPROPERTY_STREAMALLOCATOR_STATUS
+} KSPROPERTY_STREAMALLOCATOR;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_STREAMALLOCATOR_FUNCTIONTABLE(Handler)	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_STREAMALLOCATOR_FUNCTIONTABLE,\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KSSTREAMALLOCATOR_FUNCTIONTABLE),\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_STREAMALLOCATOR_STATUS(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_STREAMALLOCATOR_STATUS,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KSSTREAMALLOCATOR_STATUS),	\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ALLOCATORSET(AllocatorSet,PropFunctionTable,PropStatus)\
+DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_TABLE(AllocatorSet) {					\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_STREAMALLOCATOR_STATUS(PropStatus),	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_STREAMALLOCATOR_FUNCTIONTABLE(PropFunctionTable)\
+}
+
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNALLOCATOR_ALLOCATEFRAME) (PFILE_OBJECT FileObject,
+						PVOID *Frame);
+typedef VOID (*PFNALLOCATOR_FREEFRAME) (PFILE_OBJECT FileObject, PVOID Frame);
+
+typedef struct {
+  PFNALLOCATOR_ALLOCATEFRAME AllocateFrame;
+  PFNALLOCATOR_FREEFRAME FreeFrame;
+} KSSTREAMALLOCATOR_FUNCTIONTABLE, *PKSSTREAMALLOCATOR_FUNCTIONTABLE;
+#endif /* _NTDDK_ */
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSALLOCATOR_FRAMING Framing;
+  ULONG AllocatedFrames;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+} KSSTREAMALLOCATOR_STATUS,*PKSSTREAMALLOCATOR_STATUS;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSALLOCATOR_FRAMING_EX Framing;
+  ULONG AllocatedFrames;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+} KSSTREAMALLOCATOR_STATUS_EX,*PKSSTREAMALLOCATOR_STATUS_EX;
+
+#define KSSTREAM_HEADER_OPTIONSF_SPLICEPOINT		0x00000001
+#define KSSTREAM_HEADER_OPTIONSF_PREROLL		0x00000002
+#define KSSTREAM_HEADER_OPTIONSF_DATADISCONTINUITY	0x00000004
+#define KSSTREAM_HEADER_OPTIONSF_TYPECHANGED		0x00000008
+#define KSSTREAM_HEADER_OPTIONSF_TIMEVALID		0x00000010
+#define KSSTREAM_HEADER_OPTIONSF_TIMEDISCONTINUITY	0x00000040
+#define KSSTREAM_HEADER_OPTIONSF_FLUSHONPAUSE		0x00000080
+#define KSSTREAM_HEADER_OPTIONSF_DURATIONVALID		0x00000100
+#define KSSTREAM_HEADER_OPTIONSF_ENDOFSTREAM		0x00000200
+#define KSSTREAM_HEADER_OPTIONSF_LOOPEDDATA		0x80000000
+
+typedef struct {
+  LONGLONG Time;
+  ULONG Numerator;
+  ULONG Denominator;
+} KSTIME,*PKSTIME;
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG Size;
+  ULONG TypeSpecificFlags;
+  KSTIME PresentationTime;
+  LONGLONG Duration;
+  ULONG FrameExtent;
+  ULONG DataUsed;
+  PVOID Data;
+  ULONG OptionsFlags;
+#ifdef _WIN64
+  ULONG Reserved;
+#endif
+} KSSTREAM_HEADER,*PKSSTREAM_HEADER;
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_StreamInterface				\
+	0x1fdd8ee1L,0x9cd3,0x11d0,0x82,0xaa,0x00,0x00,0xf8,0x22,0xfe,0x8a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("1fdd8ee1-9cd3-11d0-82aa-0000f822fe8a",KSPROPSETID_StreamInterface);
+#define KSPROPSETID_StreamInterface DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_StreamInterface)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_STREAMINTERFACE_HEADERSIZE
+} KSPROPERTY_STREAMINTERFACE;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_STREAMINTERFACE_HEADERSIZE(GetHandler)	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_STREAMINTERFACE_HEADERSIZE,	\
+				(GetHandler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(ULONG),				\
+				NULL,NULL,0,NULL,NULL,0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_STREAMINTERFACESET(StreamInterfaceSet,HeaderSizeHandler) \
+DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_TABLE(StreamInterfaceSet) {				\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_STREAMINTERFACE_HEADERSIZE(HeaderSizeHandler)\
+}
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_Stream					\
+	0x65aaba60L,0x98ae,0x11cf,0xa1,0x0d,0x00,0x20,0xaf,0xd1,0x56,0xe4
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("65aaba60-98ae-11cf-a10d-0020afd156e4",KSPROPSETID_Stream);
+#define KSPROPSETID_Stream DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_Stream)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_STREAM_ALLOCATOR,
+  KSPROPERTY_STREAM_QUALITY,
+  KSPROPERTY_STREAM_DEGRADATION,
+  KSPROPERTY_STREAM_MASTERCLOCK,
+  KSPROPERTY_STREAM_TIMEFORMAT,
+  KSPROPERTY_STREAM_PRESENTATIONTIME,
+  KSPROPERTY_STREAM_PRESENTATIONEXTENT,
+  KSPROPERTY_STREAM_FRAMETIME,
+  KSPROPERTY_STREAM_RATECAPABILITY,
+  KSPROPERTY_STREAM_RATE,
+  KSPROPERTY_STREAM_PIPE_ID
+} KSPROPERTY_STREAM;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_STREAM_ALLOCATOR(GetHandler,SetHandler)	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_STREAM_ALLOCATOR,		\
+				(GetHandler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(HANDLE),				\
+				(SetHandler),				\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_STREAM_QUALITY(Handler)			\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_STREAM_QUALITY,		\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KSQUALITY_MANAGER),		\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_STREAM_DEGRADATION(GetHandler,SetHandler)\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_STREAM_DEGRADATION,		\
+				(GetHandler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				0,					\
+				(SetHandler),				\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_STREAM_MASTERCLOCK(GetHandler,SetHandler)\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_STREAM_MASTERCLOCK,		\
+				(GetHandler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(HANDLE),				\
+				(SetHandler),				\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_STREAM_TIMEFORMAT(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_STREAM_TIMEFORMAT,		\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(GUID),				\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_STREAM_PRESENTATIONTIME(GetHandler,SetHandler)\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_STREAM_PRESENTATIONTIME,	\
+				(GetHandler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KSTIME),				\
+				(SetHandler),				\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_STREAM_PRESENTATIONEXTENT(Handler)	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_STREAM_PRESENTATIONEXTENT,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(LONGLONG),			\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_STREAM_FRAMETIME(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_STREAM_FRAMETIME,		\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KSFRAMETIME),			\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_STREAM_RATECAPABILITY(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_STREAM_RATECAPABILITY,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSRATE_CAPABILITY),		\
+				sizeof(KSRATE),				\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_STREAM_RATE(GetHandler,SetHandler)	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_STREAM_RATE,			\
+				(GetHandler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KSRATE),				\
+				(SetHandler),				\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_STREAM_PIPE_ID(GetHandler,SetHandler)	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_STREAM_PIPE_ID,		\
+				(GetHandler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(HANDLE),				\
+				(SetHandler),				\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+typedef struct {
+  HANDLE QualityManager;
+  PVOID Context;
+} KSQUALITY_MANAGER,*PKSQUALITY_MANAGER;
+
+typedef struct {
+  LONGLONG Duration;
+  ULONG FrameFlags;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+} KSFRAMETIME,*PKSFRAMETIME;
+
+#define KSFRAMETIME_VARIABLESIZE	0x00000001
+
+typedef struct {
+  LONGLONG PresentationStart;
+  LONGLONG Duration;
+  KSPIN_INTERFACE Interface;
+  LONG Rate;
+  ULONG Flags;
+} KSRATE,*PKSRATE;
+
+#define KSRATE_NOPRESENTATIONSTART	0x00000001
+#define KSRATE_NOPRESENTATIONDURATION	0x00000002
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  KSRATE Rate;
+} KSRATE_CAPABILITY,*PKSRATE_CAPABILITY;
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_Clock					\
+	0xDF12A4C0L,0xAC17,0x11CF,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DF12A4C0-AC17-11CF-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSPROPSETID_Clock);
+#define KSPROPSETID_Clock DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_Clock)
+
+#define NANOSECONDS 10000000
+#define KSCONVERT_PERFORMANCE_TIME(Frequency,PerformanceTime)		\
+	((((ULONGLONG)(ULONG)(PerformanceTime).HighPart *NANOSECONDS / (Frequency)) << 32) +	\
+	 ((((((ULONGLONG)(ULONG)(PerformanceTime).HighPart *NANOSECONDS) % (Frequency)) << 32) +\
+	 ((ULONGLONG)(PerformanceTime).LowPart *NANOSECONDS)) / (Frequency)))
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG CreateFlags;
+} KSCLOCK_CREATE,*PKSCLOCK_CREATE;
+
+typedef struct {
+  LONGLONG Time;
+  LONGLONG SystemTime;
+} KSCORRELATED_TIME,*PKSCORRELATED_TIME;
+
+typedef struct {
+  LONGLONG Granularity;
+  LONGLONG Error;
+} KSRESOLUTION,*PKSRESOLUTION;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_CLOCK_TIME,
+  KSPROPERTY_CLOCK_PHYSICALTIME,
+  KSPROPERTY_CLOCK_CORRELATEDTIME,
+  KSPROPERTY_CLOCK_CORRELATEDPHYSICALTIME,
+  KSPROPERTY_CLOCK_RESOLUTION,
+  KSPROPERTY_CLOCK_STATE,
+#if defined(_NTDDK_)
+  KSPROPERTY_CLOCK_FUNCTIONTABLE
+#endif /* _NTDDK_ */
+} KSPROPERTY_CLOCK;
+
+#if defined(_NTDDK_)
+typedef LONGLONG (FASTCALL *PFNKSCLOCK_GETTIME)(PFILE_OBJECT FileObject);
+typedef LONGLONG (FASTCALL *PFNKSCLOCK_CORRELATEDTIME)(PFILE_OBJECT FileObject,
+							PLONGLONG SystemTime);
+
+typedef struct {
+   PFNKSCLOCK_GETTIME GetTime;
+   PFNKSCLOCK_GETTIME GetPhysicalTime;
+   PFNKSCLOCK_CORRELATEDTIME GetCorrelatedTime;
+   PFNKSCLOCK_CORRELATEDTIME GetCorrelatedPhysicalTime;
+} KSCLOCK_FUNCTIONTABLE, *PKSCLOCK_FUNCTIONTABLE;
+
+typedef BOOLEAN (*PFNKSSETTIMER)(PVOID Context, PKTIMER Timer,
+				 LARGE_INTEGER DueTime, PKDPC Dpc);
+typedef BOOLEAN (*PFNKSCANCELTIMER) (PVOID Context, PKTIMER Timer);
+typedef LONGLONG (FASTCALL *PFNKSCORRELATEDTIME)(PVOID Context,
+						 PLONGLONG SystemTime);
+
+typedef PVOID			PKSDEFAULTCLOCK;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CLOCK_TIME(Handler)			\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_CLOCK_TIME,			\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY), sizeof(LONGLONG),	\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CLOCK_PHYSICALTIME(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_CLOCK_PHYSICALTIME,		\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY), sizeof(LONGLONG),	\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CLOCK_CORRELATEDTIME(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_CLOCK_CORRELATEDTIME,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KSCORRELATED_TIME),		\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CLOCK_CORRELATEDPHYSICALTIME(Handler)	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_CLOCK_CORRELATEDPHYSICALTIME,\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KSCORRELATED_TIME),		\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CLOCK_RESOLUTION(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_CLOCK_RESOLUTION,		\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),sizeof(KSRESOLUTION),\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CLOCK_STATE(Handler)			\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_CLOCK_STATE,			\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY), sizeof(KSSTATE),	\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CLOCK_FUNCTIONTABLE(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_CLOCK_FUNCTIONTABLE,		\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KSCLOCK_FUNCTIONTABLE),		\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_CLOCKSET(ClockSet,PropTime,PropPhysicalTime,PropCorrelatedTime,PropCorrelatedPhysicalTime,PropResolution,PropState,PropFunctionTable)\
+DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_TABLE(ClockSet) {					\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CLOCK_TIME(PropTime),			\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CLOCK_PHYSICALTIME(PropPhysicalTime),	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CLOCK_CORRELATEDTIME(PropCorrelatedTime),\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CLOCK_CORRELATEDPHYSICALTIME(PropCorrelatedPhysicalTime),\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CLOCK_RESOLUTION(PropResolution),	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CLOCK_STATE(PropState),			\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_CLOCK_FUNCTIONTABLE(PropFunctionTable),	\
+}
+#endif /* _NTDDK_ */
+
+#define STATIC_KSEVENTSETID_Clock					\
+	0x364D8E20L,0x62C7,0x11CF,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("364D8E20-62C7-11CF-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSEVENTSETID_Clock);
+#define KSEVENTSETID_Clock DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSEVENTSETID_Clock)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSEVENT_CLOCK_INTERVAL_MARK,
+  KSEVENT_CLOCK_POSITION_MARK
+} KSEVENT_CLOCK_POSITION;
+
+#define STATIC_KSEVENTSETID_Connection					\
+	0x7f4bcbe0L,0x9ea5,0x11cf,0xa5,0xd6,0x28,0xdb,0x04,0xc1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("7f4bcbe0-9ea5-11cf-a5d6-28db04c10000",KSEVENTSETID_Connection);
+#define KSEVENTSETID_Connection DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSEVENTSETID_Connection)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSEVENT_CONNECTION_POSITIONUPDATE,
+  KSEVENT_CONNECTION_DATADISCONTINUITY,
+  KSEVENT_CONNECTION_TIMEDISCONTINUITY,
+  KSEVENT_CONNECTION_PRIORITY,
+  KSEVENT_CONNECTION_ENDOFSTREAM
+} KSEVENT_CONNECTION;
+
+typedef struct {
+  PVOID Context;
+  ULONG Proportion;
+  LONGLONG DeltaTime;
+} KSQUALITY,*PKSQUALITY;
+
+typedef struct {
+  PVOID Context;
+  ULONG Status;
+} KSERROR,*PKSERROR;
+
+typedef KSIDENTIFIER KSDEGRADE,*PKSDEGRADE;
+
+#define STATIC_KSDEGRADESETID_Standard					\
+	0x9F564180L,0x704C,0x11D0,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("9F564180-704C-11D0-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSDEGRADESETID_Standard);
+#define KSDEGRADESETID_Standard DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDEGRADESETID_Standard)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSDEGRADE_STANDARD_SAMPLE,
+  KSDEGRADE_STANDARD_QUALITY,
+  KSDEGRADE_STANDARD_COMPUTATION,
+  KSDEGRADE_STANDARD_SKIP
+} KSDEGRADE_STANDARD;
+
+#if defined(_NTDDK_)
+
+#define KSPROBE_STREAMREAD		0x00000000
+#define KSPROBE_STREAMWRITE		0x00000001
+#define KSPROBE_ALLOCATEMDL		0x00000010
+#define KSPROBE_PROBEANDLOCK		0x00000020
+#define KSPROBE_SYSTEMADDRESS		0x00000040
+#define KSPROBE_MODIFY			0x00000200
+#define KSPROBE_STREAMWRITEMODIFY	(KSPROBE_MODIFY | KSPROBE_STREAMWRITE)
+#define KSPROBE_ALLOWFORMATCHANGE	0x00000080
+#define KSSTREAM_READ			KSPROBE_STREAMREAD
+#define KSSTREAM_WRITE			KSPROBE_STREAMWRITE
+#define KSSTREAM_PAGED_DATA		0x00000000
+#define KSSTREAM_NONPAGED_DATA		0x00000100
+#define KSSTREAM_SYNCHRONOUS		0x00001000
+#define KSSTREAM_FAILUREEXCEPTION	0x00002000
+
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSCONTEXT_DISPATCH)(PVOID Context, PIRP Irp);
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSHANDLER)(PIRP Irp, PKSIDENTIFIER Request, PVOID Data);
+typedef BOOLEAN (*PFNKSFASTHANDLER)(PFILE_OBJECT FileObject,
+				    PKSIDENTIFIER Request,
+				    ULONG RequestLength, PVOID Data,
+				    ULONG DataLength,
+				    PIO_STATUS_BLOCK IoStatus);
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSALLOCATOR) (PIRP Irp, ULONG BufferSize,
+				    BOOLEAN InputOperation);
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY_MEMBERSHEADER MembersHeader;
+  const VOID *Members;
+} KSPROPERTY_MEMBERSLIST, *PKSPROPERTY_MEMBERSLIST;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSIDENTIFIER PropTypeSet;
+  ULONG MembersListCount;
+  const KSPROPERTY_MEMBERSLIST *MembersList;
+} KSPROPERTY_VALUES, *PKSPROPERTY_VALUES;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_TABLE(tablename)				\
+	const KSPROPERTY_ITEM tablename[] =
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(PropertyId,GetHandler,MinProperty,MinData,SetHandler,Values,RelationsCount,Relations,SupportHandler,SerializedSize)\
+{									\
+			PropertyId, (PFNKSHANDLER)GetHandler,		\
+			MinProperty, MinData,				\
+			(PFNKSHANDLER)SetHandler,			\
+			(PKSPROPERTY_VALUES)Values, RelationsCount,	\
+			(PKSPROPERTY)Relations,				\
+			(PFNKSHANDLER)SupportHandler,			\
+			(ULONG)SerializedSize				\
+}
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG PropertyId;
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union {
+    PFNKSHANDLER GetPropertyHandler;
+    BOOLEAN GetSupported;
+  };
+  ULONG MinProperty;
+  ULONG MinData;
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union {
+    PFNKSHANDLER SetPropertyHandler;
+    BOOLEAN SetSupported;
+  };
+  const KSPROPERTY_VALUES *Values;
+  ULONG RelationsCount;
+  const KSPROPERTY *Relations;
+  PFNKSHANDLER SupportHandler;
+  ULONG SerializedSize;
+} KSPROPERTY_ITEM, *PKSPROPERTY_ITEM;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSFASTPROPERTY_ITEM(PropertyId, GetHandler, SetHandler)	\
+{									\
+			PropertyId, (PFNKSFASTHANDLER)GetHandler,	\
+			(PFNKSFASTHANDLER)SetHandler, 0			\
+}
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG PropertyId;
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union {
+    PFNKSFASTHANDLER GetPropertyHandler;
+    BOOLEAN GetSupported;
+  };
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union {
+    PFNKSFASTHANDLER SetPropertyHandler;
+    BOOLEAN SetSupported;
+  };
+  ULONG Reserved;
+} KSFASTPROPERTY_ITEM, *PKSFASTPROPERTY_ITEM;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_SET(Set,PropertiesCount,PropertyItem,FastIoCount,FastIoTable)\
+{									\
+			Set,						\
+			PropertiesCount, PropertyItem,			\
+			FastIoCount, FastIoTable			\
+}
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_SET_TABLE(tablename)				\
+	const KSPROPERTY_SET tablename[] =
+
+typedef struct {
+  const GUID *Set;
+  ULONG PropertiesCount;
+  const KSPROPERTY_ITEM *PropertyItem;
+  ULONG FastIoCount;
+  const KSFASTPROPERTY_ITEM *FastIoTable;
+} KSPROPERTY_SET, *PKSPROPERTY_SET;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSMETHOD_TABLE(tablename)				\
+	const KSMETHOD_ITEM tablename[] =
+
+#define DEFINE_KSMETHOD_ITEM(MethodId,Flags,MethodHandler,MinMethod,MinData,SupportHandler)\
+{									\
+			MethodId, (PFNKSHANDLER)MethodHandler,		\
+			MinMethod, MinData,				\
+			SupportHandler, Flags				\
+}
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG MethodId;
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union {
+    PFNKSHANDLER MethodHandler;
+    BOOLEAN MethodSupported;
+  };
+  ULONG MinMethod;
+  ULONG MinData;
+  PFNKSHANDLER SupportHandler;
+  ULONG Flags;
+} KSMETHOD_ITEM, *PKSMETHOD_ITEM;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSFASTMETHOD_ITEM(MethodId,MethodHandler)		\
+{									\
+			MethodId, (PFNKSFASTHANDLER)MethodHandler	\
+}
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG MethodId;
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union {
+    PFNKSFASTHANDLER MethodHandler;
+    BOOLEAN MethodSupported;
+  };
+} KSFASTMETHOD_ITEM, *PKSFASTMETHOD_ITEM;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSMETHOD_SET(Set,MethodsCount,MethodItem,FastIoCount,FastIoTable)\
+{									\
+			Set,						\
+			MethodsCount, MethodItem,			\
+			FastIoCount, FastIoTable			\
+}
+
+#define DEFINE_KSMETHOD_SET_TABLE(tablename)				\
+	const KSMETHOD_SET tablename[] =
+
+typedef struct {
+  const GUID *Set;
+  ULONG MethodsCount;
+  const KSMETHOD_ITEM *MethodItem;
+  ULONG FastIoCount;
+  const KSFASTMETHOD_ITEM *FastIoTable;
+} KSMETHOD_SET, *PKSMETHOD_SET;
+
+typedef struct _KSEVENT_ENTRY	KSEVENT_ENTRY, *PKSEVENT_ENTRY;
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSADDEVENT)(PIRP Irp, PKSEVENTDATA EventData,
+				  struct _KSEVENT_ENTRY* EventEntry);
+typedef VOID (*PFNKSREMOVEEVENT)(PFILE_OBJECT FileObject,
+				 struct _KSEVENT_ENTRY* EventEntry);
+
+#define DEFINE_KSEVENT_TABLE(tablename)					\
+	const KSEVENT_ITEM tablename[] =
+
+#define DEFINE_KSEVENT_ITEM(EventId,DataInput,ExtraEntryData,AddHandler,RemoveHandler,SupportHandler)\
+{									\
+			EventId, DataInput, ExtraEntryData,		\
+			AddHandler, RemoveHandler, SupportHandler	\
+}
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG EventId;
+  ULONG DataInput;
+  ULONG ExtraEntryData;
+  PFNKSADDEVENT AddHandler;
+  PFNKSREMOVEEVENT RemoveHandler;
+  PFNKSHANDLER SupportHandler;
+} KSEVENT_ITEM, *PKSEVENT_ITEM;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSEVENT_SET(Set,EventsCount,EventItem)			\
+{									\
+			Set, EventsCount, EventItem			\
+}
+
+#define DEFINE_KSEVENT_SET_TABLE(tablename)				\
+	const KSEVENT_SET tablename[] =
+
+typedef struct {
+  const GUID *Set;
+  ULONG EventsCount;
+  const KSEVENT_ITEM *EventItem;
+} KSEVENT_SET, *PKSEVENT_SET;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KDPC Dpc;
+  ULONG ReferenceCount;
+  KSPIN_LOCK AccessLock;
+} KSDPC_ITEM, *PKSDPC_ITEM;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSDPC_ITEM DpcItem;
+  LIST_ENTRY BufferList;
+} KSBUFFER_ITEM, *PKSBUFFER_ITEM;
+
+
+#define KSEVENT_ENTRY_DELETED		1
+#define KSEVENT_ENTRY_ONESHOT		2
+#define KSEVENT_ENTRY_BUFFERED		4
+
+struct _KSEVENT_ENTRY {
+  LIST_ENTRY ListEntry;
+  PVOID Object;
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union {
+    PKSDPC_ITEM DpcItem;
+    PKSBUFFER_ITEM BufferItem;
+  };
+  PKSEVENTDATA EventData;
+  ULONG NotificationType;
+  const KSEVENT_SET *EventSet;
+  const KSEVENT_ITEM *EventItem;
+  PFILE_OBJECT FileObject;
+  ULONG SemaphoreAdjustment;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+  ULONG Flags;
+};
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSEVENTS_NONE,
+  KSEVENTS_SPINLOCK,
+  KSEVENTS_MUTEX,
+  KSEVENTS_FMUTEX,
+  KSEVENTS_FMUTEXUNSAFE,
+  KSEVENTS_INTERRUPT,
+  KSEVENTS_ERESOURCE
+} KSEVENTS_LOCKTYPE;
+
+#define KSDISPATCH_FASTIO			0x80000000
+
+typedef struct {
+  PDRIVER_DISPATCH Create;
+  PVOID Context;
+  UNICODE_STRING ObjectClass;
+  PSECURITY_DESCRIPTOR SecurityDescriptor;
+  ULONG Flags;
+} KSOBJECT_CREATE_ITEM, *PKSOBJECT_CREATE_ITEM;
+
+typedef VOID (*PFNKSITEMFREECALLBACK)(PKSOBJECT_CREATE_ITEM CreateItem);
+
+#define KSCREATE_ITEM_SECURITYCHANGED		0x00000001
+#define KSCREATE_ITEM_WILDCARD			0x00000002
+#define KSCREATE_ITEM_NOPARAMETERS		0x00000004
+#define KSCREATE_ITEM_FREEONSTOP		0x00000008
+
+#define DEFINE_KSCREATE_DISPATCH_TABLE( tablename )			\
+	KSOBJECT_CREATE_ITEM tablename[] =
+
+#define DEFINE_KSCREATE_ITEM(DispatchCreate,TypeName,Context)		\
+{									\
+			(DispatchCreate), (PVOID)(Context),		\
+			{						\
+				sizeof(TypeName) - sizeof(UNICODE_NULL),\
+				sizeof(TypeName),			\
+				(PWCHAR)(TypeName)			\
+			},						\
+			NULL, 0						\
+}
+
+#define DEFINE_KSCREATE_ITEMEX(DispatchCreate,TypeName,Context,Flags)	\
+{									\
+			(DispatchCreate),				\
+			(PVOID)(Context),				\
+			{						\
+				sizeof(TypeName) - sizeof(UNICODE_NULL),\
+				sizeof(TypeName),			\
+				(PWCHAR)(TypeName)			\
+			},						\
+			NULL, (Flags)					\
+}
+
+#define DEFINE_KSCREATE_ITEMNULL(DispatchCreate,Context)		\
+{									\
+			DispatchCreate, Context,			\
+			{						\
+				0, 0, NULL,				\
+			},						\
+			NULL, 0						\
+}
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG CreateItemsCount;
+  PKSOBJECT_CREATE_ITEM CreateItemsList;
+} KSOBJECT_CREATE, *PKSOBJECT_CREATE;
+
+typedef struct {
+  PDRIVER_DISPATCH DeviceIoControl;
+  PDRIVER_DISPATCH Read;
+  PDRIVER_DISPATCH Write;
+  PDRIVER_DISPATCH Flush;
+  PDRIVER_DISPATCH Close;
+  PDRIVER_DISPATCH QuerySecurity;
+  PDRIVER_DISPATCH SetSecurity;
+  PFAST_IO_DEVICE_CONTROL FastDeviceIoControl;
+  PFAST_IO_READ FastRead;
+  PFAST_IO_WRITE FastWrite;
+} KSDISPATCH_TABLE, *PKSDISPATCH_TABLE;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSDISPATCH_TABLE(tablename,DeviceIoControl,Read,Write,Flush,Close,QuerySecurity,SetSecurity,FastDeviceIoControl,FastRead,FastWrite)\
+	const KSDISPATCH_TABLE tablename =				\
+	{								\
+		DeviceIoControl,					\
+		Read,							\
+		Write,							\
+		Flush,							\
+		Close,							\
+		QuerySecurity,						\
+		SetSecurity,						\
+		FastDeviceIoControl,					\
+		FastRead,						\
+		FastWrite,						\
+	}
+
+#define KSCREATE_ITEM_IRP_STORAGE(Irp)					\
+	(*(PKSOBJECT_CREATE_ITEM *)&(Irp)->Tail.Overlay.DriverContext[0])
+#define KSEVENT_SET_IRP_STORAGE(Irp)					\
+	(*(const KSEVENT_SET **)&(Irp)->Tail.Overlay.DriverContext[0])
+#define KSEVENT_ITEM_IRP_STORAGE(Irp)					\
+	(*(const KSEVENT_ITEM **)&(Irp)->Tail.Overlay.DriverContext[3])
+#define KSEVENT_ENTRY_IRP_STORAGE(Irp)					\
+	(*(PKSEVENT_ENTRY *)&(Irp)->Tail.Overlay.DriverContext[0])
+#define KSMETHOD_SET_IRP_STORAGE(Irp)					\
+	(*(const KSMETHOD_SET **)&(Irp)->Tail.Overlay.DriverContext[0])
+#define KSMETHOD_ITEM_IRP_STORAGE(Irp)					\
+	(*(const KSMETHOD_ITEM **)&(Irp)->Tail.Overlay.DriverContext[3])
+#define KSMETHOD_TYPE_IRP_STORAGE(Irp)					\
+	(*(ULONG_PTR *)(&(Irp)->Tail.Overlay.DriverContext[2]))
+#define KSQUEUE_SPINLOCK_IRP_STORAGE(Irp)				\
+	(*(PKSPIN_LOCK *)&(Irp)->Tail.Overlay.DriverContext[1])
+#define KSPROPERTY_SET_IRP_STORAGE(Irp)					\
+	(*(const KSPROPERTY_SET **)&(Irp)->Tail.Overlay.DriverContext[0])
+#define KSPROPERTY_ITEM_IRP_STORAGE(Irp)				\
+	(*(const KSPROPERTY_ITEM **)&(Irp)->Tail.Overlay.DriverContext[3])
+#define KSPROPERTY_ATTRIBUTES_IRP_STORAGE(Irp)				\
+	(*(PKSATTRIBUTE_LIST *)&(Irp)->Tail.Overlay.DriverContext[2])
+
+typedef PVOID		KSDEVICE_HEADER, KSOBJECT_HEADER;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KsInvokeOnSuccess = 1,
+  KsInvokeOnError = 2,
+  KsInvokeOnCancel = 4
+} KSCOMPLETION_INVOCATION;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KsListEntryTail,
+  KsListEntryHead
+} KSLIST_ENTRY_LOCATION;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KsAcquireOnly,
+  KsAcquireAndRemove,
+  KsAcquireOnlySingleItem,
+  KsAcquireAndRemoveOnlySingleItem
+} KSIRP_REMOVAL_OPERATION;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KsStackCopyToNewLocation,
+  KsStackReuseCurrentLocation,
+  KsStackUseNewLocation
+} KSSTACK_USE;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSTARGET_STATE_DISABLED,
+  KSTARGET_STATE_ENABLED
+} KSTARGET_STATE;
+
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSIRPLISTCALLBACK)(PIRP Irp, PVOID Context);
+typedef VOID (*PFNREFERENCEDEVICEOBJECT)(PVOID Context);
+typedef VOID (*PFNDEREFERENCEDEVICEOBJECT)(PVOID Context);
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNQUERYREFERENCESTRING)(PVOID Context, PWCHAR *String);
+
+#define BUS_INTERFACE_REFERENCE_VERSION			0x100
+
+typedef struct {
+  INTERFACE Interface;
+
+  PFNREFERENCEDEVICEOBJECT ReferenceDeviceObject;
+  PFNDEREFERENCEDEVICEOBJECT DereferenceDeviceObject;
+  PFNQUERYREFERENCESTRING QueryReferenceString;
+} BUS_INTERFACE_REFERENCE, *PBUS_INTERFACE_REFERENCE;
+
+#define STATIC_REFERENCE_BUS_INTERFACE		STATIC_KSMEDIUMSETID_Standard
+#define REFERENCE_BUS_INTERFACE			KSMEDIUMSETID_Standard
+
+#endif /* _NTDDK_ */
+
+#ifndef PACK_PRAGMAS_NOT_SUPPORTED
+#include <pshpack1.h>
+#endif
+
+typedef struct {
+  GUID PropertySet;
+  ULONG Count;
+} KSPROPERTY_SERIALHDR,*PKSPROPERTY_SERIALHDR;
+
+#ifndef PACK_PRAGMAS_NOT_SUPPORTED
+#include <poppack.h>
+#endif
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSIDENTIFIER PropTypeSet;
+  ULONG Id;
+  ULONG PropertyLength;
+} KSPROPERTY_SERIAL,*PKSPROPERTY_SERIAL;
+
+
+#if defined(_NTDDK_)
+
+#define IOCTL_KS_HANDSHAKE						\
+	CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_KS, 0x007, METHOD_NEITHER, FILE_ANY_ACCESS)
+
+typedef struct {
+  GUID ProtocolId;
+  PVOID Argument1;
+  PVOID Argument2;
+} KSHANDSHAKE, *PKSHANDSHAKE;
+
+typedef struct _KSGATE		KSGATE, *PKSGATE;
+
+struct _KSGATE {
+  LONG Count;
+  PKSGATE NextGate;
+};
+
+typedef PVOID KSOBJECT_BAG;
+
+
+typedef BOOLEAN (*PFNKSGENERATEEVENTCALLBACK)(PVOID Context,
+					      PKSEVENT_ENTRY EventEntry);
+
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSDEVICECREATE)(PKSDEVICE Device);
+
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSDEVICEPNPSTART)(PKSDEVICE Device,PIRP Irp,
+				PCM_RESOURCE_LIST TranslatedResourceList,
+				PCM_RESOURCE_LIST UntranslatedResourceList);
+
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSDEVICE)(PKSDEVICE Device);
+
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSDEVICEIRP)(PKSDEVICE Device,PIRP Irp);
+
+typedef void (*PFNKSDEVICEIRPVOID)(PKSDEVICE Device,PIRP Irp);
+
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSDEVICEQUERYCAPABILITIES)(PKSDEVICE Device,PIRP Irp,
+					 PDEVICE_CAPABILITIES Capabilities);
+
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSDEVICEQUERYPOWER)(PKSDEVICE Device,PIRP Irp,
+					  DEVICE_POWER_STATE DeviceTo,
+					  DEVICE_POWER_STATE DeviceFrom,
+					  SYSTEM_POWER_STATE SystemTo,
+					  SYSTEM_POWER_STATE SystemFrom,
+					  POWER_ACTION Action);
+
+typedef void (*PFNKSDEVICESETPOWER)(PKSDEVICE Device,PIRP Irp,
+				    DEVICE_POWER_STATE To,
+				    DEVICE_POWER_STATE From);
+
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSFILTERFACTORYVOID)(PKSFILTERFACTORY FilterFactory);
+
+typedef void (*PFNKSFILTERFACTORYPOWER)(PKSFILTERFACTORY FilterFactory,
+					DEVICE_POWER_STATE State);
+
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSFILTERIRP)(PKSFILTER Filter,PIRP Irp);
+
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSFILTERPROCESS)(PKSFILTER Filter,
+					PKSPROCESSPIN_INDEXENTRY Index);
+
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSFILTERVOID)(PKSFILTER Filter);
+
+typedef void (*PFNKSFILTERPOWER)(PKSFILTER Filter,DEVICE_POWER_STATE State);
+
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSPINIRP)(PKSPIN Pin,PIRP Irp);
+
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSPINSETDEVICESTATE)(PKSPIN Pin,KSSTATE ToState,
+					   KSSTATE FromState);
+
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSPINSETDATAFORMAT)(PKSPIN Pin,PKSDATAFORMAT OldFormat,
+					  PKSMULTIPLE_ITEM OldAttributeList,
+					  const KSDATARANGE *DataRange,
+					  const KSATTRIBUTE_LIST *AttributeRange);
+
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSPINHANDSHAKE)(PKSPIN Pin,PKSHANDSHAKE In,
+				      PKSHANDSHAKE Out);
+
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSPIN)(PKSPIN Pin);
+
+typedef void (*PFNKSPINVOID)(PKSPIN Pin);
+
+typedef void (*PFNKSPINPOWER)(PKSPIN Pin,DEVICE_POWER_STATE State);
+
+typedef BOOLEAN (*PFNKSPINSETTIMER)(PKSPIN Pin,PKTIMER Timer,
+				    LARGE_INTEGER DueTime,PKDPC Dpc);
+
+typedef BOOLEAN (*PFNKSPINCANCELTIMER)(PKSPIN Pin,PKTIMER Timer);
+
+typedef LONGLONG (FASTCALL *PFNKSPINCORRELATEDTIME)(PKSPIN Pin,
+						    PLONGLONG SystemTime);
+
+typedef void (*PFNKSPINRESOLUTION)(PKSPIN Pin,PKSRESOLUTION Resolution);
+
+typedef NTSTATUS (*PFNKSPININITIALIZEALLOCATOR)(PKSPIN Pin,
+					PKSALLOCATOR_FRAMING AllocatorFraming,
+					PVOID *Context);
+
+typedef void (*PFNKSSTREAMPOINTER)(PKSSTREAM_POINTER StreamPointer);
+
+
+typedef struct KSAUTOMATION_TABLE_ KSAUTOMATION_TABLE,*PKSAUTOMATION_TABLE;
+
+struct KSAUTOMATION_TABLE_ {
+  ULONG PropertySetsCount;
+  ULONG PropertyItemSize;
+  const KSPROPERTY_SET *PropertySets;
+  ULONG MethodSetsCount;
+  ULONG MethodItemSize;
+  const KSMETHOD_SET *MethodSets;
+  ULONG EventSetsCount;
+  ULONG EventItemSize;
+  const KSEVENT_SET *EventSets;
+#ifndef _WIN64
+  PVOID Alignment;
+#endif
+};
+
+#define DEFINE_KSAUTOMATION_TABLE(table)				\
+		const KSAUTOMATION_TABLE table =
+
+#define DEFINE_KSAUTOMATION_PROPERTIES(table)				\
+		SIZEOF_ARRAY(table),					\
+		sizeof(KSPROPERTY_ITEM),				\
+		table
+
+#define DEFINE_KSAUTOMATION_METHODS(table)				\
+		SIZEOF_ARRAY(table),					\
+		sizeof(KSMETHOD_ITEM),					\
+		table
+
+#define DEFINE_KSAUTOMATION_EVENTS(table)				\
+		SIZEOF_ARRAY(table),					\
+		sizeof(KSEVENT_ITEM),					\
+		table
+
+#define DEFINE_KSAUTOMATION_PROPERTIES_NULL				\
+		0,							\
+		sizeof(KSPROPERTY_ITEM),				\
+		NULL
+
+#define DEFINE_KSAUTOMATION_METHODS_NULL				\
+		0,							\
+		sizeof(KSMETHOD_ITEM),					\
+		NULL
+
+#define DEFINE_KSAUTOMATION_EVENTS_NULL					\
+		0,							\
+		sizeof(KSEVENT_ITEM),					\
+		NULL
+
+#define MIN_DEV_VER_FOR_QI		(0x100)
+
+struct _KSDEVICE_DISPATCH {
+  PFNKSDEVICECREATE Add;
+  PFNKSDEVICEPNPSTART Start;
+  PFNKSDEVICE PostStart;
+  PFNKSDEVICEIRP QueryStop;
+  PFNKSDEVICEIRPVOID CancelStop;
+  PFNKSDEVICEIRPVOID Stop;
+  PFNKSDEVICEIRP QueryRemove;
+  PFNKSDEVICEIRPVOID CancelRemove;
+  PFNKSDEVICEIRPVOID Remove;
+  PFNKSDEVICEQUERYCAPABILITIES QueryCapabilities;
+  PFNKSDEVICEIRPVOID SurpriseRemoval;
+  PFNKSDEVICEQUERYPOWER QueryPower;
+  PFNKSDEVICESETPOWER SetPower;
+  PFNKSDEVICEIRP QueryInterface;
+};
+
+struct _KSFILTER_DISPATCH {
+  PFNKSFILTERIRP Create;
+  PFNKSFILTERIRP Close;
+  PFNKSFILTERPROCESS Process;
+  PFNKSFILTERVOID Reset;
+};
+
+struct _KSPIN_DISPATCH {
+  PFNKSPINIRP Create;
+  PFNKSPINIRP Close;
+  PFNKSPIN Process;
+  PFNKSPINVOID Reset;
+  PFNKSPINSETDATAFORMAT SetDataFormat;
+  PFNKSPINSETDEVICESTATE SetDeviceState;
+  PFNKSPIN Connect;
+  PFNKSPINVOID Disconnect;
+  const KSCLOCK_DISPATCH *Clock;
+  const KSALLOCATOR_DISPATCH *Allocator;
+};
+
+struct _KSCLOCK_DISPATCH {
+  PFNKSPINSETTIMER SetTimer;
+  PFNKSPINCANCELTIMER CancelTimer;
+  PFNKSPINCORRELATEDTIME CorrelatedTime;
+  PFNKSPINRESOLUTION Resolution;
+};
+
+struct _KSALLOCATOR_DISPATCH {
+  PFNKSPININITIALIZEALLOCATOR InitializeAllocator;
+  PFNKSDELETEALLOCATOR DeleteAllocator;
+  PFNKSDEFAULTALLOCATE Allocate;
+  PFNKSDEFAULTFREE Free;
+};
+
+#define KSDEVICE_DESCRIPTOR_VERSION	(0x100)
+
+struct _KSDEVICE_DESCRIPTOR {
+  const KSDEVICE_DISPATCH *Dispatch;
+  ULONG FilterDescriptorsCount;
+  const KSFILTER_DESCRIPTOR*const *FilterDescriptors;
+  ULONG Version;
+};
+
+struct _KSFILTER_DESCRIPTOR {
+  const KSFILTER_DISPATCH *Dispatch;
+  const KSAUTOMATION_TABLE *AutomationTable;
+  ULONG Version;
+#define KSFILTER_DESCRIPTOR_VERSION	((ULONG)-1)
+  ULONG Flags;
+#define KSFILTER_FLAG_DISPATCH_LEVEL_PROCESSING		0x00000001
+#define KSFILTER_FLAG_CRITICAL_PROCESSING		0x00000002
+#define KSFILTER_FLAG_HYPERCRITICAL_PROCESSING		0x00000004
+#define KSFILTER_FLAG_RECEIVE_ZERO_LENGTH_SAMPLES	0x00000008
+#define KSFILTER_FLAG_DENY_USERMODE_ACCESS		0x80000000
+  const GUID *ReferenceGuid;
+  ULONG PinDescriptorsCount;
+  ULONG PinDescriptorSize;
+  const KSPIN_DESCRIPTOR_EX *PinDescriptors;
+  ULONG CategoriesCount;
+  const GUID *Categories;
+  ULONG NodeDescriptorsCount;
+  ULONG NodeDescriptorSize;
+  const KSNODE_DESCRIPTOR *NodeDescriptors;
+  ULONG ConnectionsCount;
+  const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION *Connections;
+  const KSCOMPONENTID *ComponentId;
+};
+
+#define DEFINE_KSFILTER_DESCRIPTOR(descriptor)				\
+	const KSFILTER_DESCRIPTOR descriptor =
+
+#define DEFINE_KSFILTER_PIN_DESCRIPTORS(table)				\
+	SIZEOF_ARRAY(table),						\
+	sizeof(table[0]),						\
+	table
+
+#define DEFINE_KSFILTER_CATEGORIES(table)				\
+	SIZEOF_ARRAY(table),						\
+	table
+
+#define DEFINE_KSFILTER_CATEGORY(category)				\
+	1,								\
+	&(category)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSFILTER_CATEGORIES_NULL					\
+	0,								\
+	NULL
+
+#define DEFINE_KSFILTER_NODE_DESCRIPTORS(table)				\
+	SIZEOF_ARRAY(table),						\
+	sizeof(table[0]),						\
+	table
+
+#define DEFINE_KSFILTER_NODE_DESCRIPTORS_NULL				\
+	0,								\
+	sizeof(KSNODE_DESCRIPTOR),					\
+	NULL
+
+#define DEFINE_KSFILTER_CONNECTIONS(table)				\
+	SIZEOF_ARRAY(table),						\
+	table
+
+#define DEFINE_KSFILTER_DEFAULT_CONNECTIONS				\
+	0,								\
+	NULL
+
+#define DEFINE_KSFILTER_DESCRIPTOR_TABLE(table)				\
+	const KSFILTER_DESCRIPTOR*const table[] =
+
+struct _KSPIN_DESCRIPTOR_EX {
+  const KSPIN_DISPATCH *Dispatch;
+  const KSAUTOMATION_TABLE *AutomationTable;
+  KSPIN_DESCRIPTOR PinDescriptor;
+  ULONG Flags;
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_DISPATCH_LEVEL_PROCESSING	KSFILTER_FLAG_DISPATCH_LEVEL_PROCESSING
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_CRITICAL_PROCESSING		KSFILTER_FLAG_CRITICAL_PROCESSING
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_HYPERCRITICAL_PROCESSING	KSFILTER_FLAG_HYPERCRITICAL_PROCESSING
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_ASYNCHRONOUS_PROCESSING			0x00000008
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_DO_NOT_INITIATE_PROCESSING			0x00000010
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_INITIATE_PROCESSING_ON_EVERY_ARRIVAL		0x00000020
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_FRAMES_NOT_REQUIRED_FOR_PROCESSING		0x00000040
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_ENFORCE_FIFO					0x00000080
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_GENERATE_MAPPINGS				0x00000100
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_DISTINCT_TRAILING_EDGE			0x00000200
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_PROCESS_IN_RUN_STATE_ONLY			0x00010000
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_SPLITTER					0x00020000
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_USE_STANDARD_TRANSPORT			0x00040000
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_DO_NOT_USE_STANDARD_TRANSPORT		0x00080000
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_FIXED_FORMAT					0x00100000
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_GENERATE_EOS_EVENTS				0x00200000
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_RENDERER			(KSPIN_FLAG_PROCESS_IN_RUN_STATE_ONLY|KSPIN_FLAG_GENERATE_EOS_EVENTS)
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_IMPLEMENT_CLOCK				0x00400000
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_SOME_FRAMES_REQUIRED_FOR_PROCESSING		0x00800000
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_PROCESS_IF_ANY_IN_RUN_STATE			0x01000000
+#define KSPIN_FLAG_DENY_USERMODE_ACCESS				0x80000000
+  ULONG InstancesPossible;
+  ULONG InstancesNecessary;
+  const KSALLOCATOR_FRAMING_EX *AllocatorFraming;
+  PFNKSINTERSECTHANDLEREX IntersectHandler;
+};
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPIN_DEFAULT_INTERFACES					\
+	0,								\
+	NULL
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPIN_DEFAULT_MEDIUMS					\
+	0,								\
+	NULL
+
+struct _KSNODE_DESCRIPTOR {
+  const KSAUTOMATION_TABLE *AutomationTable;
+  const GUID *Type;
+  const GUID *Name;
+#ifndef _WIN64
+  PVOID Alignment;
+#endif
+};
+
+#ifndef _WIN64
+#define DEFINE_NODE_DESCRIPTOR(automation,type,name)			\
+	{ (automation), (type), (name), NULL }
+#else
+#define DEFINE_NODE_DESCRIPTOR(automation,type,name)			\
+	{ (automation), (type), (name) }
+#endif
+
+struct _KSDEVICE {
+  const KSDEVICE_DESCRIPTOR *Descriptor;
+  KSOBJECT_BAG Bag;
+  PVOID Context;
+  PDEVICE_OBJECT FunctionalDeviceObject;
+  PDEVICE_OBJECT PhysicalDeviceObject;
+  PDEVICE_OBJECT NextDeviceObject;
+  BOOLEAN Started;
+  SYSTEM_POWER_STATE SystemPowerState;
+  DEVICE_POWER_STATE DevicePowerState;
+};
+
+struct _KSFILTERFACTORY {
+  const KSFILTER_DESCRIPTOR *FilterDescriptor;
+  KSOBJECT_BAG Bag;
+  PVOID Context;
+};
+
+struct _KSFILTER {
+  const KSFILTER_DESCRIPTOR *Descriptor;
+  KSOBJECT_BAG Bag;
+  PVOID Context;
+};
+
+struct _KSPIN {
+  const KSPIN_DESCRIPTOR_EX *Descriptor;
+  KSOBJECT_BAG Bag;
+  PVOID Context;
+  ULONG Id;
+  KSPIN_COMMUNICATION Communication;
+  BOOLEAN ConnectionIsExternal;
+  KSPIN_INTERFACE ConnectionInterface;
+  KSPIN_MEDIUM ConnectionMedium;
+  KSPRIORITY ConnectionPriority;
+  PKSDATAFORMAT ConnectionFormat;
+  PKSMULTIPLE_ITEM AttributeList;
+  ULONG StreamHeaderSize;
+  KSPIN_DATAFLOW DataFlow;
+  KSSTATE DeviceState;
+  KSRESET ResetState;
+  KSSTATE ClientState;
+};
+
+struct _KSMAPPING {
+  PHYSICAL_ADDRESS PhysicalAddress;
+  ULONG ByteCount;
+  ULONG Alignment;
+};
+
+struct _KSSTREAM_POINTER_OFFSET
+{
+#if defined(_NTDDK_)
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union {
+    PUCHAR Data;
+    PKSMAPPING Mappings;
+  };
+#else
+  PUCHAR Data;
+#endif /* _NTDDK_ */
+#ifndef _WIN64
+  PVOID Alignment;
+#endif
+  ULONG Count;
+  ULONG Remaining;
+};
+
+struct _KSSTREAM_POINTER
+{
+  PVOID Context;
+  PKSPIN Pin;
+  PKSSTREAM_HEADER StreamHeader;
+  PKSSTREAM_POINTER_OFFSET Offset;
+  KSSTREAM_POINTER_OFFSET OffsetIn;
+  KSSTREAM_POINTER_OFFSET OffsetOut;
+};
+
+struct _KSPROCESSPIN {
+  PKSPIN Pin;
+  PKSSTREAM_POINTER StreamPointer;
+  PKSPROCESSPIN InPlaceCounterpart;
+  PKSPROCESSPIN DelegateBranch;
+  PKSPROCESSPIN CopySource;
+  PVOID Data;
+  ULONG BytesAvailable;
+  ULONG BytesUsed;
+  ULONG Flags;
+  BOOLEAN Terminate;
+};
+
+struct _KSPROCESSPIN_INDEXENTRY {
+  PKSPROCESSPIN *Pins;
+  ULONG Count;
+};
+
+typedef enum {
+  KsObjectTypeDevice,
+  KsObjectTypeFilterFactory,
+  KsObjectTypeFilter,
+  KsObjectTypePin
+} KSOBJECTTYPE;
+
+
+typedef void (*PFNKSFREE)(PVOID Data);
+
+typedef void (*PFNKSPINFRAMERETURN)(PKSPIN Pin,PVOID Data,ULONG Size,PMDL Mdl,
+				    PVOID Context,NTSTATUS Status);
+
+typedef void (*PFNKSPINIRPCOMPLETION)(PKSPIN Pin,PIRP Irp);
+
+
+#if defined(_UNKNOWN_H_) || defined(__IUnknown_INTERFACE_DEFINED__)
+#ifndef _IKsControl_
+#define _IKsControl_
+
+typedef struct IKsControl *PIKSCONTROL;
+
+#ifndef DEFINE_ABSTRACT_UNKNOWN
+#define DEFINE_ABSTRACT_UNKNOWN()					\
+	STDMETHOD_(NTSTATUS,QueryInterface) (THIS_ 			\
+						REFIID InterfaceId,	\
+						PVOID *Interface	\
+					    ) PURE;			\
+	STDMETHOD_(ULONG,AddRef)(THIS) PURE;				\
+	STDMETHOD_(ULONG,Release)(THIS) PURE;
+#endif
+
+#undef INTERFACE
+#define INTERFACE IKsControl
+DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsControl,IUnknown)
+{
+  DEFINE_ABSTRACT_UNKNOWN()
+  STDMETHOD_(NTSTATUS,KsProperty)(THIS_
+					PKSPROPERTY Property,
+					ULONG PropertyLength,
+					PVOID PropertyData,
+					ULONG DataLength,
+					ULONG *BytesReturned
+				 ) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(NTSTATUS,KsMethod)	(THIS_
+					PKSMETHOD Method,
+					ULONG MethodLength,
+					PVOID MethodData,
+					ULONG DataLength,
+					ULONG *BytesReturned
+				 ) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(NTSTATUS,KsEvent)	(THIS_
+					PKSEVENT Event,
+					ULONG EventLength,
+					PVOID EventData,
+					ULONG DataLength,
+					ULONG *BytesReturned
+				) PURE;
+};
+typedef struct IKsReferenceClock *PIKSREFERENCECLOCK;
+
+#undef INTERFACE
+#define INTERFACE IKsReferenceClock
+DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsReferenceClock,IUnknown)
+{
+  DEFINE_ABSTRACT_UNKNOWN()
+  STDMETHOD_(LONGLONG,GetTime)		(THIS) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(LONGLONG,GetPhysicalTime)	(THIS) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(LONGLONG,GetCorrelatedTime)(THIS_
+  						PLONGLONG SystemTime
+  					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(LONGLONG,GetCorrelatedPhysicalTime)(THIS_
+						PLONGLONG SystemTime
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(NTSTATUS,GetResolution)	(THIS_
+						PKSRESOLUTION Resolution
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(NTSTATUS,GetState)		(THIS_
+						PKSSTATE State
+					) PURE;
+};
+#undef INTERFACE
+
+#define INTERFACE IKsDeviceFunctions
+DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsDeviceFunctions,IUnknown)
+{
+  DEFINE_ABSTRACT_UNKNOWN()
+  STDMETHOD_(NTSTATUS,RegisterAdapterObjectEx)	(THIS_
+						  PADAPTER_OBJECT AdapterObject,
+						  PDEVICE_DESCRIPTION DeviceDescription,
+						  ULONG NumberOfMapRegisters,
+						  ULONG MaxMappingsByteCount,
+						  ULONG MappingTableStride
+						) PURE;
+};
+
+#undef INTERFACE
+#define STATIC_IID_IKsControl						\
+	0x28F54685L,0x06FD,0x11D2,0xB2,0x7A,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUID(IID_IKsControl,
+	0x28F54685L,0x06FD,0x11D2,0xB2,0x7A,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96);
+#define STATIC_IID_IKsFastClock						\
+	0xc9902485,0xc180,0x11d2,0x84,0x73,0xd4,0x23,0x94,0x45,0x9e,0x5e
+DEFINE_GUID(IID_IKsFastClock,
+	0xc9902485,0xc180,0x11d2,0x84,0x73,0xd4,0x23,0x94,0x45,0x9e,0x5e);
+#define STATIC_IID_IKsDeviceFunctions					\
+	0xe234f2e2,0xbd69,0x4f8c,0xb3,0xf2,0x7c,0xd7,0x9e,0xd4,0x66,0xbd
+DEFINE_GUID(IID_IKsDeviceFunctions,
+	0xe234f2e2,0xbd69,0x4f8c,0xb3,0xf2,0x7c,0xd7,0x9e,0xd4,0x66,0xbd);
+#endif /* _IKsControl_ */
+#endif /* defined(_UNKNOWN_H_) || defined(__IUnknown_INTERFACE_DEFINED__) */
+
+#endif /* _NTDDK_ */
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _KSDDK_
+#define KSDDKAPI
+#else
+#define KSDDKAPI DECLSPEC_IMPORT
+#endif
+
+#if defined(_NTDDK_)
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsEnableEvent
+			(PIRP Irp, ULONG EventSetsCount, const KSEVENT_SET *EventSet,
+			 PLIST_ENTRY EventsList, KSEVENTS_LOCKTYPE EventsFlags,
+			 PVOID EventsLock);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsEnableEventWithAllocator
+			(PIRP Irp, ULONG EventSetsCount, const KSEVENT_SET *EventSet,
+			 PLIST_ENTRY EventsList, KSEVENTS_LOCKTYPE EventsFlags,
+			 PVOID EventsLock, PFNKSALLOCATOR Allocator, ULONG EventItemSize);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsDisableEvent
+			(PIRP Irp, PLIST_ENTRY EventsList, KSEVENTS_LOCKTYPE EventsFlags,
+			 PVOID EventsLock);
+
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsDiscardEvent (PKSEVENT_ENTRY EventEntry);
+
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsFreeEventList
+			(PFILE_OBJECT FileObject, PLIST_ENTRY EventsList,
+			 KSEVENTS_LOCKTYPE EventsFlags, PVOID EventsLock);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsGenerateEvent (PKSEVENT_ENTRY EventEntry);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsGenerateDataEvent
+			(PKSEVENT_ENTRY EventEntry, ULONG DataSize, PVOID Data);
+
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsGenerateEventList
+			(GUID *Set, ULONG EventId, PLIST_ENTRY EventsList,
+			 KSEVENTS_LOCKTYPE EventsFlags, PVOID EventsLock);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsPropertyHandler
+			(PIRP Irp, ULONG PropertySetsCount,
+			 const KSPROPERTY_SET *PropertySet);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsPropertyHandlerWithAllocator
+			(PIRP Irp, ULONG PropertySetsCount,
+			 const KSPROPERTY_SET *PropertySet, PFNKSALLOCATOR Allocator,
+			 ULONG PropertyItemSize);
+
+KSDDKAPI BOOLEAN NTAPI KsFastPropertyHandler
+			(PFILE_OBJECT FileObject, PKSPROPERTY Property,
+			 ULONG PropertyLength, PVOID Data, ULONG DataLength,
+			 PIO_STATUS_BLOCK IoStatus, ULONG PropertySetsCount,
+			 const KSPROPERTY_SET *PropertySet);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsMethodHandler
+			(PIRP Irp, ULONG MethodSetsCount,
+			 const KSMETHOD_SET *MethodSet);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsMethodHandlerWithAllocator
+			(PIRP Irp, ULONG MethodSetsCount,
+			 const KSMETHOD_SET *MethodSet, PFNKSALLOCATOR Allocator,
+			 ULONG MethodItemSize);
+
+KSDDKAPI BOOLEAN NTAPI KsFastMethodHandler
+			(PFILE_OBJECT FileObject, PKSMETHOD Method, ULONG MethodLength,
+			 PVOID Data, ULONG DataLength, PIO_STATUS_BLOCK IoStatus,
+			 ULONG MethodSetsCount, const KSMETHOD_SET *MethodSet);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsCreateDefaultAllocator (PIRP Irp);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsCreateDefaultAllocatorEx
+			(PIRP Irp, PVOID InitializeContext,
+			 PFNKSDEFAULTALLOCATE DefaultAllocate,
+			 PFNKSDEFAULTFREE DefaultFree,
+			 PFNKSINITIALIZEALLOCATOR InitializeAllocator,
+			 PFNKSDELETEALLOCATOR DeleteAllocator);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsCreateAllocator
+			(HANDLE ConnectionHandle, PKSALLOCATOR_FRAMING AllocatorFraming,
+			 PHANDLE AllocatorHandle);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsValidateAllocatorCreateRequest
+			(PIRP Irp, PKSALLOCATOR_FRAMING *AllocatorFraming);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsValidateAllocatorFramingEx
+			(PKSALLOCATOR_FRAMING_EX Framing, ULONG BufferSize,
+			 const KSALLOCATOR_FRAMING_EX *PinFraming);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsAllocateDefaultClock (PKSDEFAULTCLOCK *DefaultClock);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsAllocateDefaultClockEx
+			(PKSDEFAULTCLOCK *DefaultClock, PVOID Context,
+			 PFNKSSETTIMER SetTimer, PFNKSCANCELTIMER CancelTimer,
+			 PFNKSCORRELATEDTIME CorrelatedTime,
+			 const KSRESOLUTION *Resolution, ULONG Flags);
+
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsFreeDefaultClock (PKSDEFAULTCLOCK DefaultClock);
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsCreateDefaultClock (PIRP Irp, PKSDEFAULTCLOCK DefaultClock);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsCreateClock
+			(HANDLE ConnectionHandle, PKSCLOCK_CREATE ClockCreate,
+			 PHANDLE ClockHandle);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsValidateClockCreateRequest
+			(PIRP Irp, PKSCLOCK_CREATE *ClockCreate);
+
+KSDDKAPI KSSTATE NTAPI KsGetDefaultClockState (PKSDEFAULTCLOCK DefaultClock);
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsSetDefaultClockState(PKSDEFAULTCLOCK DefaultClock, KSSTATE State);
+KSDDKAPI LONGLONG NTAPI KsGetDefaultClockTime (PKSDEFAULTCLOCK DefaultClock);
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsSetDefaultClockTime(PKSDEFAULTCLOCK DefaultClock, LONGLONG Time);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsCreatePin
+			(HANDLE FilterHandle, PKSPIN_CONNECT Connect,
+			 ACCESS_MASK DesiredAccess, PHANDLE ConnectionHandle);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsValidateConnectRequest
+			(PIRP Irp, ULONG DescriptorsCount,
+			 const KSPIN_DESCRIPTOR *Descriptor, PKSPIN_CONNECT *Connect);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsPinPropertyHandler
+			(PIRP Irp, PKSPROPERTY Property, PVOID Data,
+			 ULONG DescriptorsCount, const KSPIN_DESCRIPTOR *Descriptor);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsPinDataIntersection
+			(PIRP Irp, PKSP_PIN Pin, PVOID Data, ULONG DescriptorsCount,
+			 const KSPIN_DESCRIPTOR *Descriptor,
+			 PFNKSINTERSECTHANDLER IntersectHandler);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsPinDataIntersectionEx
+			(PIRP Irp, PKSP_PIN Pin, PVOID Data, ULONG DescriptorsCount,
+			 const KSPIN_DESCRIPTOR *Descriptor, ULONG DescriptorSize,
+			 PFNKSINTERSECTHANDLEREX IntersectHandler, PVOID HandlerContext);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsHandleSizedListQuery
+			(PIRP Irp, ULONG DataItemsCount, ULONG DataItemSize,
+			 const VOID *DataItems);
+
+#ifndef MAKEINTRESOURCE
+#define MAKEINTRESOURCE(r)		((ULONG_PTR) (USHORT) r)
+#endif
+#ifndef RT_STRING
+#define RT_STRING			MAKEINTRESOURCE(6)
+#define RT_RCDATA			MAKEINTRESOURCE(10)
+#endif
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsLoadResource
+			(PVOID ImageBase, POOL_TYPE PoolType, ULONG_PTR ResourceName,
+			 ULONG ResourceType, PVOID *Resource, PULONG ResourceSize);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsGetImageNameAndResourceId
+			(HANDLE RegKey, PUNICODE_STRING ImageName, PULONG_PTR ResourceId,
+			 PULONG ValueType);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsMapModuleName
+			(PDEVICE_OBJECT PhysicalDeviceObject, PUNICODE_STRING ModuleName,
+			 PUNICODE_STRING ImageName, PULONG_PTR ResourceId,
+			 PULONG ValueType);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsReferenceBusObject (KSDEVICE_HEADER Header);
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsDereferenceBusObject (KSDEVICE_HEADER Header);
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsDispatchQuerySecurity (PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject, PIRP Irp);
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsDispatchSetSecurity (PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject, PIRP Irp);
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsDispatchSpecificProperty (PIRP Irp, PFNKSHANDLER Handler);
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsDispatchSpecificMethod (PIRP Irp, PFNKSHANDLER Handler);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsReadFile
+			(PFILE_OBJECT FileObject, PKEVENT Event, PVOID PortContext,
+			 PIO_STATUS_BLOCK IoStatusBlock, PVOID Buffer, ULONG Length,
+			 ULONG Key, KPROCESSOR_MODE RequestorMode);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsWriteFile
+			(PFILE_OBJECT FileObject, PKEVENT Event, PVOID PortContext,
+			 PIO_STATUS_BLOCK IoStatusBlock, PVOID Buffer, ULONG Length,
+			 ULONG Key, KPROCESSOR_MODE RequestorMode);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsQueryInformationFile
+			(PFILE_OBJECT FileObject, PVOID FileInformation, ULONG Length,
+			 FILE_INFORMATION_CLASS FileInformationClass);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsSetInformationFile
+			(PFILE_OBJECT FileObject, PVOID FileInformation, ULONG Length,
+			 FILE_INFORMATION_CLASS FileInformationClass);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsStreamIo
+			(PFILE_OBJECT FileObject, PKEVENT Event, PVOID PortContext,
+			 PIO_COMPLETION_ROUTINE CompletionRoutine, PVOID CompletionContext,
+			 KSCOMPLETION_INVOCATION CompletionInvocationFlags,
+			 PIO_STATUS_BLOCK IoStatusBlock, PVOID StreamHeaders, ULONG Length,
+			 ULONG Flags, KPROCESSOR_MODE RequestorMode);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsProbeStreamIrp(PIRP Irp, ULONG ProbeFlags, ULONG HeaderSize);
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsAllocateExtraData(PIRP Irp, ULONG ExtraSize, PVOID *ExtraBuffer);
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsNullDriverUnload (PDRIVER_OBJECT DriverObject);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsSetMajorFunctionHandler
+			(PDRIVER_OBJECT DriverObject, ULONG MajorFunction);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsDispatchInvalidDeviceRequest
+			(PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject, PIRP Irp);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsDefaultDeviceIoCompletion
+			(PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject, PIRP Irp);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsDispatchIrp(PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject, PIRP Irp);
+
+KSDDKAPI BOOLEAN NTAPI KsDispatchFastIoDeviceControlFailure
+			(PFILE_OBJECT FileObject, BOOLEAN Wait, PVOID InputBuffer,
+			 ULONG InputBufferLength, PVOID OutputBuffer,
+			 ULONG OutputBufferLength, ULONG IoControlCode,
+			 PIO_STATUS_BLOCK IoStatus, PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject);
+
+KSDDKAPI BOOLEAN NTAPI KsDispatchFastReadFailure
+			(PFILE_OBJECT FileObject, PLARGE_INTEGER FileOffset,
+			 ULONG Length, BOOLEAN Wait, ULONG LockKey, PVOID Buffer,
+			 PIO_STATUS_BLOCK IoStatus, PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject);
+
+#define KsDispatchFastWriteFailure		KsDispatchFastReadFailure
+
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsCancelRoutine(PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject, PIRP Irp);
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsCancelIo(PLIST_ENTRY QueueHead, PKSPIN_LOCK SpinLock);
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsReleaseIrpOnCancelableQueue(PIRP Irp, PDRIVER_CANCEL DriverCancel);
+
+KSDDKAPI PIRP NTAPI KsRemoveIrpFromCancelableQueue
+			(PLIST_ENTRY QueueHead, PKSPIN_LOCK SpinLock,
+			 KSLIST_ENTRY_LOCATION ListLocation,
+			 KSIRP_REMOVAL_OPERATION RemovalOperation);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsMoveIrpsOnCancelableQueue
+			(PLIST_ENTRY SourceList, PKSPIN_LOCK SourceLock,
+			 PLIST_ENTRY DestinationList, PKSPIN_LOCK DestinationLock,
+			 KSLIST_ENTRY_LOCATION ListLocation,
+			 PFNKSIRPLISTCALLBACK ListCallback, PVOID Context);
+
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsRemoveSpecificIrpFromCancelableQueue (PIRP Irp);
+
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsAddIrpToCancelableQueue
+			(PLIST_ENTRY QueueHead, PKSPIN_LOCK SpinLock, PIRP Irp,
+			 KSLIST_ENTRY_LOCATION ListLocation, PDRIVER_CANCEL DriverCancel);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsAcquireResetValue(PIRP Irp, KSRESET *ResetValue);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsTopologyPropertyHandler
+			(PIRP Irp, PKSPROPERTY Property, PVOID Data,
+			 const KSTOPOLOGY *Topology);
+
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsAcquireDeviceSecurityLock(KSDEVICE_HEADER Header, BOOLEAN Exclusive);
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsReleaseDeviceSecurityLock (KSDEVICE_HEADER Header);
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsDefaultDispatchPnp(PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject, PIRP Irp);
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsDefaultDispatchPower(PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject, PIRP Irp);
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsDefaultForwardIrp(PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject, PIRP Irp);
+
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsSetDevicePnpAndBaseObject
+			(KSDEVICE_HEADER Header, PDEVICE_OBJECT PnpDeviceObject,
+			 PDEVICE_OBJECT BaseObject);
+
+KSDDKAPI PDEVICE_OBJECT NTAPI KsQueryDevicePnpObject (KSDEVICE_HEADER Header);
+KSDDKAPI ACCESS_MASK NTAPI KsQueryObjectAccessMask (KSOBJECT_HEADER Header);
+
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsRecalculateStackDepth
+			(KSDEVICE_HEADER Header, BOOLEAN ReuseStackLocation);
+
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsSetTargetState
+			(KSOBJECT_HEADER Header, KSTARGET_STATE TargetState);
+
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsSetTargetDeviceObject
+			(KSOBJECT_HEADER Header, PDEVICE_OBJECT TargetDevice);
+
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsSetPowerDispatch
+			(KSOBJECT_HEADER Header, PFNKSCONTEXT_DISPATCH PowerDispatch,
+			 PVOID PowerContext);
+
+KSDDKAPI PKSOBJECT_CREATE_ITEM NTAPI KsQueryObjectCreateItem (KSOBJECT_HEADER Header);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsAllocateDeviceHeader
+			(KSDEVICE_HEADER *Header, ULONG ItemsCount,
+			 PKSOBJECT_CREATE_ITEM ItemsList);
+
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsFreeDeviceHeader (KSDEVICE_HEADER Header);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsAllocateObjectHeader
+			(KSOBJECT_HEADER *Header, ULONG ItemsCount,
+			 PKSOBJECT_CREATE_ITEM ItemsList, PIRP Irp,
+			 const KSDISPATCH_TABLE *Table);
+
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsFreeObjectHeader (KSOBJECT_HEADER Header);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsAddObjectCreateItemToDeviceHeader
+			(KSDEVICE_HEADER Header, PDRIVER_DISPATCH Create, PVOID Context,
+			 PWSTR ObjectClass, PSECURITY_DESCRIPTOR SecurityDescriptor);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsAddObjectCreateItemToObjectHeader
+			(KSOBJECT_HEADER Header, PDRIVER_DISPATCH Create, PVOID Context,
+			 PWSTR ObjectClass, PSECURITY_DESCRIPTOR SecurityDescriptor);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsAllocateObjectCreateItem
+			(KSDEVICE_HEADER Header, PKSOBJECT_CREATE_ITEM CreateItem,
+			 BOOLEAN AllocateEntry, PFNKSITEMFREECALLBACK ItemFreeCallback);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsFreeObjectCreateItem
+			(KSDEVICE_HEADER Header, PUNICODE_STRING CreateItem);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsFreeObjectCreateItemsByContext
+			(KSDEVICE_HEADER Header, PVOID Context);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsCreateDefaultSecurity
+			(PSECURITY_DESCRIPTOR ParentSecurity,
+			 PSECURITY_DESCRIPTOR *DefaultSecurity);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsForwardIrp
+			(PIRP Irp, PFILE_OBJECT FileObject, BOOLEAN ReuseStackLocation);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsForwardAndCatchIrp
+			(PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject, PIRP Irp, PFILE_OBJECT FileObject,
+			 KSSTACK_USE StackUse);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsSynchronousIoControlDevice
+			(PFILE_OBJECT FileObject, KPROCESSOR_MODE RequestorMode,
+			 ULONG IoControl, PVOID InBuffer, ULONG InSize, PVOID OutBuffer,
+			 ULONG OutSize, PULONG BytesReturned);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsUnserializeObjectPropertiesFromRegistry
+			(PFILE_OBJECT FileObject, HANDLE ParentKey,
+			 PUNICODE_STRING RegistryPath);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsCacheMedium
+			(PUNICODE_STRING SymbolicLink, PKSPIN_MEDIUM Medium,
+			 ULONG PinDirection);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsRegisterWorker
+			(WORK_QUEUE_TYPE WorkQueueType, PKSWORKER *Worker);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsRegisterCountedWorker
+			(WORK_QUEUE_TYPE WorkQueueType, PWORK_QUEUE_ITEM CountedWorkItem,
+			 PKSWORKER *Worker);
+
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsUnregisterWorker (PKSWORKER Worker);
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsQueueWorkItem(PKSWORKER Worker, PWORK_QUEUE_ITEM WorkItem);
+KSDDKAPI ULONG NTAPI KsIncrementCountedWorker (PKSWORKER Worker);
+KSDDKAPI ULONG NTAPI KsDecrementCountedWorker (PKSWORKER Worker);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsCreateTopologyNode
+			(HANDLE ParentHandle, PKSNODE_CREATE NodeCreate,
+			 ACCESS_MASK DesiredAccess, PHANDLE NodeHandle);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsValidateTopologyNodeCreateRequest
+			(PIRP Irp, PKSTOPOLOGY Topology, PKSNODE_CREATE *NodeCreate);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsMergeAutomationTables
+			(PKSAUTOMATION_TABLE *AutomationTableAB,
+			 PKSAUTOMATION_TABLE AutomationTableA,
+			 PKSAUTOMATION_TABLE AutomationTableB,
+			 KSOBJECT_BAG Bag);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsInitializeDriver
+			(PDRIVER_OBJECT DriverObject, PUNICODE_STRING RegistryPathName,
+			 const KSDEVICE_DESCRIPTOR *Descriptor);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsAddDevice
+			(PDRIVER_OBJECT DriverObject, PDEVICE_OBJECT PhysicalDeviceObject);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsCreateDevice
+			(PDRIVER_OBJECT DriverObject, PDEVICE_OBJECT PhysicalDeviceObject,
+			 const KSDEVICE_DESCRIPTOR *Descriptor, ULONG ExtensionSize,
+			 PKSDEVICE *Device);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsInitializeDevice
+			(PDEVICE_OBJECT FunctionalDeviceObject,
+			 PDEVICE_OBJECT PhysicalDeviceObject,
+			 PDEVICE_OBJECT NextDeviceObject,
+			 const KSDEVICE_DESCRIPTOR *Descriptor);
+
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsTerminateDevice (PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject);
+KSDDKAPI PKSDEVICE NTAPI KsGetDeviceForDeviceObject (PDEVICE_OBJECT FunctionalDeviceObject);
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsAcquireDevice (PKSDEVICE Device);
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsReleaseDevice (PKSDEVICE Device);
+
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsDeviceRegisterAdapterObject
+			(PKSDEVICE Device, PADAPTER_OBJECT AdapterObject,
+			 ULONG MaxMappingsByteCount, ULONG MappingTableStride);
+
+KSDDKAPI ULONG NTAPI KsDeviceGetBusData
+			(PKSDEVICE Device, ULONG DataType, PVOID Buffer, ULONG Offset,
+			 ULONG Length);
+
+KSDDKAPI ULONG NTAPI KsDeviceSetBusData
+			(PKSDEVICE Device, ULONG DataType, PVOID Buffer, ULONG Offset,
+			 ULONG Length);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsCreateFilterFactory
+			(PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject, const KSFILTER_DESCRIPTOR *Descriptor,
+			 PWSTR RefString, PSECURITY_DESCRIPTOR SecurityDescriptor,
+			 ULONG CreateItemFlags, PFNKSFILTERFACTORYPOWER SleepCallback,
+			 PFNKSFILTERFACTORYPOWER WakeCallback,
+			 PKSFILTERFACTORY *FilterFactory);
+
+#define KsDeleteFilterFactory(FilterFactory)												\
+	KsFreeObjectCreateItemsByContext( *(KSDEVICE_HEADER *)(										\
+						KsFilterFactoryGetParentDevice(FilterFactory)->FunctionalDeviceObject->DeviceExtension),\
+					   FilterFactory)
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsFilterFactoryUpdateCacheData
+			(PKSFILTERFACTORY FilterFactory,
+			 const KSFILTER_DESCRIPTOR *FilterDescriptor);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsFilterFactoryAddCreateItem
+			(PKSFILTERFACTORY FilterFactory, PWSTR RefString,
+			 PSECURITY_DESCRIPTOR SecurityDescriptor, ULONG CreateItemFlags);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsFilterFactorySetDeviceClassesState
+			(PKSFILTERFACTORY FilterFactory, BOOLEAN NewState);
+
+KSDDKAPI PUNICODE_STRING NTAPI KsFilterFactoryGetSymbolicLink
+			(PKSFILTERFACTORY FilterFactory);
+
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsAddEvent(PVOID Object, PKSEVENT_ENTRY EventEntry);
+
+void __forceinline KsFilterAddEvent (PKSFILTER Filter, PKSEVENT_ENTRY EventEntry)
+{
+	KsAddEvent(Filter, EventEntry);
+}
+
+void __forceinline KsPinAddEvent (PKSPIN Pin, PKSEVENT_ENTRY EventEntry)
+{
+	KsAddEvent(Pin, EventEntry);
+}
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsDefaultAddEventHandler
+			(PIRP Irp, PKSEVENTDATA EventData, PKSEVENT_ENTRY EventEntry);
+
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsGenerateEvents
+			(PVOID Object, const GUID *EventSet, ULONG EventId,
+			 ULONG DataSize, PVOID Data, PFNKSGENERATEEVENTCALLBACK CallBack,
+			 PVOID CallBackContext);
+
+void __forceinline KsFilterGenerateEvents
+			(PKSFILTER Filter, const GUID *EventSet, ULONG EventId,
+			 ULONG DataSize, PVOID Data, PFNKSGENERATEEVENTCALLBACK CallBack,
+			 PVOID CallBackContext)
+{
+	KsGenerateEvents(Filter, EventSet, EventId, DataSize, Data, CallBack,
+			 CallBackContext);
+}
+
+void __forceinline KsPinGenerateEvents
+			(PKSPIN Pin, const GUID *EventSet, ULONG EventId,
+			 ULONG DataSize, PVOID Data, PFNKSGENERATEEVENTCALLBACK CallBack,
+			 PVOID CallBackContext)
+{
+	KsGenerateEvents(Pin, EventSet, EventId, DataSize, Data, CallBack,
+			 CallBackContext);
+}
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSSTREAM_POINTER_STATE_UNLOCKED = 0,
+  KSSTREAM_POINTER_STATE_LOCKED
+} KSSTREAM_POINTER_STATE;
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsPinGetAvailableByteCount
+			(PKSPIN Pin, PLONG InputDataBytes, PLONG OutputBufferBytes);
+
+KSDDKAPI PKSSTREAM_POINTER NTAPI KsPinGetLeadingEdgeStreamPointer
+			(PKSPIN Pin, KSSTREAM_POINTER_STATE State);
+
+KSDDKAPI PKSSTREAM_POINTER NTAPI KsPinGetTrailingEdgeStreamPointer
+			(PKSPIN Pin, KSSTREAM_POINTER_STATE State);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsStreamPointerSetStatusCode
+			(PKSSTREAM_POINTER StreamPointer, NTSTATUS Status);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsStreamPointerLock (PKSSTREAM_POINTER StreamPointer);
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsStreamPointerUnlock(PKSSTREAM_POINTER StreamPointer, BOOLEAN Eject);
+
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsStreamPointerAdvanceOffsetsAndUnlock
+			(PKSSTREAM_POINTER StreamPointer, ULONG InUsed, ULONG OutUsed,
+			 BOOLEAN Eject);
+
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsStreamPointerDelete (PKSSTREAM_POINTER StreamPointer);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsStreamPointerClone
+			(PKSSTREAM_POINTER StreamPointer, PFNKSSTREAMPOINTER CancelCallback,
+			 ULONG ContextSize, PKSSTREAM_POINTER *CloneStreamPointer);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsStreamPointerAdvanceOffsets
+			(PKSSTREAM_POINTER StreamPointer, ULONG InUsed, ULONG OutUsed,
+			 BOOLEAN Eject);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsStreamPointerAdvance (PKSSTREAM_POINTER StreamPointer);
+KSDDKAPI PMDL NTAPI KsStreamPointerGetMdl (PKSSTREAM_POINTER StreamPointer);
+
+KSDDKAPI PIRP NTAPI KsStreamPointerGetIrp
+			(PKSSTREAM_POINTER StreamPointer, PBOOLEAN FirstFrameInIrp,
+			 PBOOLEAN LastFrameInIrp);
+
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsStreamPointerScheduleTimeout
+			(PKSSTREAM_POINTER StreamPointer, PFNKSSTREAMPOINTER Callback,
+			 ULONGLONG Interval);
+
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsStreamPointerCancelTimeout (PKSSTREAM_POINTER StreamPointer);
+KSDDKAPI PKSSTREAM_POINTER NTAPI KsPinGetFirstCloneStreamPointer (PKSPIN Pin);
+
+KSDDKAPI PKSSTREAM_POINTER NTAPI KsStreamPointerGetNextClone
+			(PKSSTREAM_POINTER StreamPointer);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsPinHandshake(PKSPIN Pin, PKSHANDSHAKE In, PKSHANDSHAKE Out);
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsCompletePendingRequest (PIRP Irp);
+KSDDKAPI KSOBJECTTYPE NTAPI KsGetObjectTypeFromIrp (PIRP Irp);
+KSDDKAPI PVOID NTAPI KsGetObjectFromFileObject (PFILE_OBJECT FileObject);
+KSDDKAPI KSOBJECTTYPE NTAPI KsGetObjectTypeFromFileObject (PFILE_OBJECT FileObject);
+
+PKSFILTER __forceinline KsGetFilterFromFileObject (PFILE_OBJECT FileObject)
+{
+	return (PKSFILTER) KsGetObjectFromFileObject(FileObject);
+}
+
+PKSPIN __forceinline KsGetPinFromFileObject (PFILE_OBJECT FileObject)
+{
+	return (PKSPIN) KsGetObjectFromFileObject(FileObject);
+}
+
+KSDDKAPI PKSGATE NTAPI KsFilterGetAndGate (PKSFILTER Filter);
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsFilterAcquireProcessingMutex (PKSFILTER Filter);
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsFilterReleaseProcessingMutex (PKSFILTER Filter);
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsFilterAttemptProcessing(PKSFILTER Filter, BOOLEAN Asynchronous);
+KSDDKAPI PKSGATE NTAPI KsPinGetAndGate(PKSPIN Pin);
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsPinAttachAndGate(PKSPIN Pin, PKSGATE AndGate);
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsPinAttachOrGate (PKSPIN Pin, PKSGATE OrGate);
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsPinAcquireProcessingMutex (PKSPIN Pin);
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsPinReleaseProcessingMutex (PKSPIN Pin);
+KSDDKAPI BOOLEAN NTAPI KsProcessPinUpdate (PKSPROCESSPIN ProcessPin);
+
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsPinGetCopyRelationships
+			(PKSPIN Pin, PKSPIN *CopySource, PKSPIN *DelegateBranch);
+
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsPinAttemptProcessing(PKSPIN Pin, BOOLEAN Asynchronous);
+KSDDKAPI PVOID NTAPI KsGetParent (PVOID Object);
+
+PKSDEVICE __forceinline KsFilterFactoryGetParentDevice (PKSFILTERFACTORY FilterFactory)
+{
+	return (PKSDEVICE) KsGetParent((PVOID) FilterFactory);
+}
+
+PKSFILTERFACTORY __forceinline KsFilterGetParentFilterFactory (PKSFILTER Filter)
+{
+	return (PKSFILTERFACTORY) KsGetParent((PVOID) Filter);
+}
+
+KSDDKAPI PKSFILTER NTAPI KsPinGetParentFilter (PKSPIN Pin);
+KSDDKAPI PVOID NTAPI KsGetFirstChild (PVOID Object);
+
+PKSFILTERFACTORY __forceinline KsDeviceGetFirstChildFilterFactory (PKSDEVICE Device)
+{
+	return (PKSFILTERFACTORY) KsGetFirstChild((PVOID) Device);
+}
+
+PKSFILTER __forceinline KsFilterFactoryGetFirstChildFilter (PKSFILTERFACTORY FilterFactory)
+{
+	return (PKSFILTER) KsGetFirstChild((PVOID) FilterFactory);
+}
+
+KSDDKAPI ULONG NTAPI KsFilterGetChildPinCount(PKSFILTER Filter, ULONG PinId);
+KSDDKAPI PKSPIN NTAPI KsFilterGetFirstChildPin(PKSFILTER Filter, ULONG PinId);
+KSDDKAPI PVOID NTAPI KsGetNextSibling (PVOID Object);
+KSDDKAPI PKSPIN NTAPI KsPinGetNextSiblingPin (PKSPIN Pin);
+
+PKSFILTERFACTORY __forceinline KsFilterFactoryGetNextSiblingFilterFactory
+			(PKSFILTERFACTORY FilterFactory)
+{
+	return (PKSFILTERFACTORY) KsGetNextSibling((PVOID) FilterFactory);
+}
+
+PKSFILTER __forceinline KsFilterGetNextSiblingFilter (PKSFILTER Filter)
+{
+	return (PKSFILTER) KsGetNextSibling((PVOID) Filter);
+}
+
+KSDDKAPI PKSDEVICE NTAPI KsGetDevice (PVOID Object);
+
+PKSDEVICE __forceinline KsFilterFactoryGetDevice (PKSFILTERFACTORY FilterFactory)
+{
+	return KsGetDevice((PVOID) FilterFactory);
+}
+
+PKSDEVICE __forceinline KsFilterGetDevice (PKSFILTER Filter)
+{
+	return KsGetDevice((PVOID) Filter);
+}
+
+PKSDEVICE __forceinline KsPinGetDevice (PKSPIN Pin)
+{
+	return KsGetDevice((PVOID) Pin);
+}
+
+KSDDKAPI PKSFILTER NTAPI KsGetFilterFromIrp (PIRP Irp);
+KSDDKAPI PKSPIN NTAPI KsGetPinFromIrp (PIRP Irp);
+KSDDKAPI ULONG NTAPI KsGetNodeIdFromIrp (PIRP Irp);
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsAcquireControl (PVOID Object);
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsReleaseControl (PVOID Object);
+
+void __forceinline KsFilterAcquireControl (PKSFILTER Filter)
+{
+	KsAcquireControl((PVOID) Filter);
+}
+
+void __forceinline KsFilterReleaseControl (PKSFILTER Filter)
+{
+	KsReleaseControl((PVOID) Filter);
+}
+
+void __forceinline KsPinAcquireControl (PKSPIN Pin)
+{
+	KsAcquireControl((PVOID) Pin);
+}
+
+void __forceinline KsPinReleaseControl (PKSPIN Pin)
+{
+	KsReleaseControl((PVOID) Pin);
+}
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsAddItemToObjectBag
+			(KSOBJECT_BAG ObjectBag, PVOID Item, PFNKSFREE Free);
+
+KSDDKAPI ULONG NTAPI KsRemoveItemFromObjectBag
+			(KSOBJECT_BAG ObjectBag, PVOID Item, BOOLEAN Free);
+
+#define KsDiscard(Object,Pointer)					\
+	KsRemoveItemFromObjectBag((Object)->Bag, (PVOID)(Pointer), TRUE)
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsAllocateObjectBag(PKSDEVICE Device, KSOBJECT_BAG *ObjectBag);
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsFreeObjectBag (KSOBJECT_BAG ObjectBag);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsCopyObjectBagItems
+			(KSOBJECT_BAG ObjectBagDestination, KSOBJECT_BAG ObjectBagSource);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI _KsEdit
+			(KSOBJECT_BAG ObjectBag, PVOID *PointerToPointerToItem,
+			 ULONG NewSize, ULONG OldSize, ULONG Tag);
+
+#define KsEdit(Object, PointerToPointer, Tag)						\
+	_KsEdit((Object)->Bag, (PVOID*)(PointerToPointer),				\
+		sizeof(**(PointerToPointer)), sizeof(**(PointerToPointer)), (Tag))
+
+#define KsEditSized(Object, PointerToPointer, NewSize, OldSize, Tag)			\
+	_KsEdit((Object)->Bag, (PVOID*)(PointerToPointer), (NewSize), (OldSize), (Tag))
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsRegisterFilterWithNoKSPins
+			(PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject, const GUID *InterfaceClassGUID,
+			 ULONG PinCount, WINBOOL *PinDirection, KSPIN_MEDIUM *MediumList,
+			 GUID *CategoryList);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsFilterCreatePinFactory
+			(PKSFILTER Filter, const KSPIN_DESCRIPTOR_EX *const PinDescriptor,
+			 PULONG PinID);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsFilterCreateNode
+			(PKSFILTER Filter, const KSNODE_DESCRIPTOR *const NodeDescriptor,
+			 PULONG NodeID);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsFilterAddTopologyConnections
+			(PKSFILTER Filter, ULONG NewConnectionsCount,
+			 const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION *const NewTopologyConnections);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsPinGetConnectedPinInterface
+			(PKSPIN Pin, const GUID *InterfaceId, PVOID *Interface);
+
+KSDDKAPI PFILE_OBJECT NTAPI KsPinGetConnectedPinFileObject (PKSPIN Pin);
+KSDDKAPI PDEVICE_OBJECT NTAPI KsPinGetConnectedPinDeviceObject (PKSPIN Pin);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsPinGetConnectedFilterInterface
+			(PKSPIN Pin, const GUID *InterfaceId, PVOID *Interface);
+
+#if defined(_UNKNOWN_H_) || defined(__IUnknown_INTERFACE_DEFINED__)
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsPinGetReferenceClockInterface
+			(PKSPIN Pin, PIKSREFERENCECLOCK *Interface);
+#endif /* defined(_UNKNOWN_H_) || defined(__IUnknown_INTERFACE_DEFINED__) */
+
+KSDDKAPI VOID NTAPI KsPinSetPinClockTime(PKSPIN Pin, LONGLONG Time);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsPinSubmitFrame
+			(PKSPIN Pin, PVOID Data, ULONG Size,
+			 PKSSTREAM_HEADER StreamHeader, PVOID Context);
+
+KSDDKAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI KsPinSubmitFrameMdl
+			(PKSPIN Pin, PMDL Mdl, PKSSTREAM_HEADER StreamHeader,
+			 PVOID Context);
+
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsPinRegisterFrameReturnCallback
+			(PKSPIN Pin, PFNKSPINFRAMERETURN FrameReturn);
+
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsPinRegisterIrpCompletionCallback
+			(PKSPIN Pin, PFNKSPINIRPCOMPLETION IrpCompletion);
+
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsPinRegisterHandshakeCallback
+			(PKSPIN Pin, PFNKSPINHANDSHAKE Handshake);
+
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsFilterRegisterPowerCallbacks
+			(PKSFILTER Filter, PFNKSFILTERPOWER Sleep, PFNKSFILTERPOWER Wake);
+
+KSDDKAPI void NTAPI KsPinRegisterPowerCallbacks
+			(PKSPIN Pin, PFNKSPINPOWER Sleep, PFNKSPINPOWER Wake);
+
+#if defined(_UNKNOWN_H_) || defined(__IUnknown_INTERFACE_DEFINED__)
+KSDDKAPI PUNKNOWN NTAPI KsRegisterAggregatedClientUnknown
+			(PVOID Object, PUNKNOWN ClientUnknown);
+
+KSDDKAPI PUNKNOWN NTAPI KsGetOuterUnknown (PVOID Object);
+
+PUNKNOWN __forceinline KsDeviceRegisterAggregatedClientUnknown
+			(PKSDEVICE Device, PUNKNOWN ClientUnknown)
+{
+	return KsRegisterAggregatedClientUnknown((PVOID)Device, ClientUnknown);
+}
+
+PUNKNOWN __forceinline KsDeviceGetOuterUnknown (PKSDEVICE Device)
+{
+	return KsGetOuterUnknown((PVOID) Device);
+}
+
+PUNKNOWN __forceinline KsFilterFactoryRegisterAggregatedClientUnknown
+			(PKSFILTERFACTORY FilterFactory, PUNKNOWN ClientUnknown)
+{
+	return KsRegisterAggregatedClientUnknown((PVOID)FilterFactory, ClientUnknown);
+}
+
+PUNKNOWN __forceinline KsFilterFactoryGetOuterUnknown (PKSFILTERFACTORY FilterFactory)
+{
+	return KsGetOuterUnknown((PVOID)FilterFactory);
+}
+
+PUNKNOWN __forceinline KsFilterRegisterAggregatedClientUnknown
+			(PKSFILTER Filter, PUNKNOWN ClientUnknown)
+{
+	return KsRegisterAggregatedClientUnknown((PVOID)Filter, ClientUnknown);
+}
+
+PUNKNOWN __forceinline KsFilterGetOuterUnknown (PKSFILTER Filter)
+{
+	return KsGetOuterUnknown((PVOID)Filter);
+}
+
+PUNKNOWN __forceinline KsPinRegisterAggregatedClientUnknown
+			(PKSPIN Pin, PUNKNOWN ClientUnknown)
+{
+	return KsRegisterAggregatedClientUnknown((PVOID)Pin, ClientUnknown);
+}
+
+PUNKNOWN __forceinline KsPinGetOuterUnknown (PKSPIN Pin)
+{
+	return KsGetOuterUnknown((PVOID)Pin);
+}
+#endif /* defined(_UNKNOWN_H_) || defined(__IUnknown_INTERFACE_DEFINED__) */
+
+#else /* _NTDDK_ */
+
+#ifndef KS_NO_CREATE_FUNCTIONS
+KSDDKAPI DWORD WINAPI KsCreateAllocator(HANDLE ConnectionHandle,PKSALLOCATOR_FRAMING AllocatorFraming,PHANDLE AllocatorHandle);
+KSDDKAPI DWORD NTAPI KsCreateClock(HANDLE ConnectionHandle,PKSCLOCK_CREATE ClockCreate,PHANDLE ClockHandle);
+KSDDKAPI DWORD WINAPI KsCreatePin(HANDLE FilterHandle,PKSPIN_CONNECT Connect,ACCESS_MASK DesiredAccess,PHANDLE ConnectionHandle);
+KSDDKAPI DWORD WINAPI KsCreateTopologyNode(HANDLE ParentHandle,PKSNODE_CREATE NodeCreate,ACCESS_MASK DesiredAccess,PHANDLE NodeHandle);
+#endif
+
+#endif /* _NTDDK_ */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#define DENY_USERMODE_ACCESS(pIrp,CompleteRequest)			\
+	if(pIrp->RequestorMode!=KernelMode) {				\
+		pIrp->IoStatus.Information = 0;				\
+		pIrp->IoStatus.Status = STATUS_INVALID_DEVICE_REQUEST;	\
+		if(CompleteRequest)					\
+			IoCompleteRequest (pIrp,IO_NO_INCREMENT);	\
+		return STATUS_INVALID_DEVICE_REQUEST;			\
+	}
+
+#endif /* _KS_ */
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ksguid.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ksguid.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f0774d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ksguid.h
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/**
+ * This file has no copyright assigned and is placed in the Public Domain.
+ * This file is part of the w64 mingw-runtime package.
+ * No warranty is given; refer to the file DISCLAIMER.PD within this package.
+ */
+#define INITGUID
+#include <guiddef.h>
+
+#ifndef DECLSPEC_SELECTANY
+#define DECLSPEC_SELECTANY __declspec(selectany)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DEFINE_GUIDEX
+#undef DEFINE_GUIDEX
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+#define DEFINE_GUIDEX(name) EXTERN_C const CDECL GUID DECLSPEC_SELECTANY name = { STATICGUIDOF(name) }
+#else
+#define DEFINE_GUIDEX(name) const CDECL GUID DECLSPEC_SELECTANY name = { STATICGUIDOF(name) }
+#endif
+#ifndef STATICGUIDOF
+#define STATICGUIDOF(guid) STATIC_##guid
+#endif
+
+#ifndef DEFINE_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID
+#define DEFINE_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID(x) (USHORT)(x),0x0000,0x0010,0x80,0x00,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0x38,0x9b,0x71
+#endif
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ksmedia.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ksmedia.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f029b01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ksmedia.h
@@ -0,0 +1,4610 @@
+/**
+ * This file has no copyright assigned and is placed in the Public Domain.
+ * This file is part of the w64 mingw-runtime package.
+ * No warranty is given; refer to the file DISCLAIMER.PD within this package.
+ */
+#if !defined(_KS_)
+#warning ks.h must be included before ksmedia.h
+#include "ks.h"
+#endif
+
+#if __GNUC__ >= 3
+#pragma GCC system_header
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(_KSMEDIA_)
+#define _KSMEDIA_
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  KSMULTIPLE_ITEM MultipleItem;
+} KSMULTIPLE_DATA_PROP,*PKSMULTIPLE_DATA_PROP;
+
+#define STATIC_KSMEDIUMSETID_MidiBus					\
+	0x05908040L,0x3246,0x11D0,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("05908040-3246-11D0-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSMEDIUMSETID_MidiBus);
+#define KSMEDIUMSETID_MidiBus DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSMEDIUMSETID_MidiBus)
+
+#define STATIC_KSMEDIUMSETID_VPBus					\
+	0xA18C15ECL,0xCE43,0x11D0,0xAB,0xE7,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("A18C15EC-CE43-11D0-ABE7-00A0C9223196",KSMEDIUMSETID_VPBus);
+#define KSMEDIUMSETID_VPBus DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSMEDIUMSETID_VPBus)
+
+#define STATIC_KSINTERFACESETID_Media					\
+	0x3A13EB40L,0x30A7,0x11D0,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("3A13EB40-30A7-11D0-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSINTERFACESETID_Media);
+#define KSINTERFACESETID_Media DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSINTERFACESETID_Media)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSINTERFACE_MEDIA_MUSIC,
+  KSINTERFACE_MEDIA_WAVE_BUFFERED,
+  KSINTERFACE_MEDIA_WAVE_QUEUED
+} KSINTERFACE_MEDIA;
+
+#ifndef INIT_USBAUDIO_MID
+#define INIT_USBAUDIO_MID(guid,id)					\
+{									\
+	(guid)->Data1 = 0x4e1cecd2 + (USHORT)(id);			\
+	(guid)->Data2 = 0x1679;						\
+	(guid)->Data3 = 0x463b;						\
+	(guid)->Data4[0] = 0xa7;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[1] = 0x2f;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[2] = 0xa5;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[3] = 0xbf;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[4] = 0x64;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[5] = 0xc8;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[6] = 0x6e;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[7] = 0xba;					\
+}
+#define EXTRACT_USBAUDIO_MID(guid)					\
+	(USHORT)((guid)->Data1 - 0x4e1cecd2)
+#define DEFINE_USBAUDIO_MID_GUID(id)					\
+	0x4e1cecd2+(USHORT)(id),0x1679,0x463b,0xa7,0x2f,0xa5,0xbf,0x64,0xc8,0x6e,0xba
+#define IS_COMPATIBLE_USBAUDIO_MID(guid)				\
+	(((guid)->Data1 >= 0x4e1cecd2) &&				\
+	 ((guid)->Data1 < 0x4e1cecd2 + 0xffff) &&			\
+	 ((guid)->Data2 == 0x1679) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data3 == 0x463b) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[0] == 0xa7) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[1] == 0x2f) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[2] == 0xa5) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[3] == 0xbf) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[4] == 0x64) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[5] == 0xc8) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[6] == 0x6e) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[7] == 0xba) )
+#endif /* INIT_USBAUDIO_MID */
+
+#ifndef INIT_USBAUDIO_PID
+#define INIT_USBAUDIO_PID(guid,id)					\
+{									\
+	(guid)->Data1 = 0xabcc5a5e + (USHORT)(id);			\
+	(guid)->Data2 = 0xc263;						\
+	(guid)->Data3 = 0x463b;						\
+	(guid)->Data4[0] = 0xa7;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[1] = 0x2f;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[2] = 0xa5;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[3] = 0xbf;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[4] = 0x64;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[5] = 0xc8;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[6] = 0x6e;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[7] = 0xba;					\
+}
+#define EXTRACT_USBAUDIO_PID(guid)					\
+	(USHORT)((guid)->Data1 - 0xabcc5a5e)
+#define DEFINE_USBAUDIO_PID_GUID(id)					\
+	0xabcc5a5e+(USHORT)(id),0xc263,0x463b,0xa7,0x2f,0xa5,0xbf,0x64,0xc8,0x6e,0xba
+#define IS_COMPATIBLE_USBAUDIO_PID(guid)				\
+	(((guid)->Data1 >= 0xabcc5a5e) &&				\
+	 ((guid)->Data1 < 0xabcc5a5e + 0xffff) &&			\
+	 ((guid)->Data2 == 0xc263) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data3 == 0x463b) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[0] == 0xa7) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[1] == 0x2f) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[2] == 0xa5) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[3] == 0xbf) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[4] == 0x64) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[5] == 0xc8) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[6] == 0x6e) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[7] == 0xba) )
+#endif /* INIT_USBAUDIO_PID */
+
+#ifndef INIT_USBAUDIO_PRODUCT_NAME
+#define INIT_USBAUDIO_PRODUCT_NAME(guid,vid,pid,strIndex)		\
+{									\
+	(guid)->Data1 = 0XFC575048 + (USHORT)(vid);			\
+	(guid)->Data2 = 0x2E08 + (USHORT)(pid);				\
+	(guid)->Data3 = 0x463B + (USHORT)(strIndex);			\
+	(guid)->Data4[0] = 0xA7;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[1] = 0x2F;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[2] = 0xA5;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[3] = 0xBF;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[4] = 0x64;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[5] = 0xC8;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[6] = 0x6E;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[7] = 0xBA;					\
+}
+#define DEFINE_USBAUDIO_PRODUCT_NAME(vid,pid,strIndex)			\
+	0xFC575048+(USHORT)(vid),0x2E08+(USHORT)(pid),0x463B+(USHORT)(strIndex),0xA7,0x2F,0xA5,0xBF,0x64,0xC8,0x6E,0xBA
+#endif /* INIT_USBAUDIO_PRODUCT_NAME */
+
+#define STATIC_KSCOMPONENTID_USBAUDIO					\
+	0x8F1275F0,0x26E9,0x4264,0xBA,0x4D,0x39,0xFF,0xF0,0x1D,0x94,0xAA
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("8F1275F0-26E9-4264-BA4D-39FFF01D94AA",KSCOMPONENTID_USBAUDIO);
+#define KSCOMPONENTID_USBAUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCOMPONENTID_USBAUDIO)
+
+#define INIT_USB_TERMINAL(guid,id)					\
+{									\
+	(guid)->Data1 = 0xDFF219E0 + (USHORT)(id);			\
+	(guid)->Data2 = 0xF70F;						\
+	(guid)->Data3 = 0x11D0;						\
+	(guid)->Data4[0] = 0xb9;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[1] = 0x17;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[2] = 0x00;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[3] = 0xa0;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[4] = 0xc9;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[5] = 0x22;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[6] = 0x31;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[7] = 0x96;					\
+}
+#define EXTRACT_USB_TERMINAL(guid)					\
+	(USHORT)((guid)->Data1 - 0xDFF219E0)
+#define DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(id)					\
+	0xDFF219E0+(USHORT)(id),0xF70F,0x11D0,0xB9,0x17,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_MICROPHONE					\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0201)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21BE1-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_MICROPHONE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_MICROPHONE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_MICROPHONE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_DESKTOP_MICROPHONE				\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0202)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21BE2-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_DESKTOP_MICROPHONE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_DESKTOP_MICROPHONE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_DESKTOP_MICROPHONE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_PERSONAL_MICROPHONE				\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0203)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21BE3-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_PERSONAL_MICROPHONE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_PERSONAL_MICROPHONE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_PERSONAL_MICROPHONE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_OMNI_DIRECTIONAL_MICROPHONE			\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0204)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21BE4-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_OMNI_DIRECTIONAL_MICROPHONE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_OMNI_DIRECTIONAL_MICROPHONE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_OMNI_DIRECTIONAL_MICROPHONE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_MICROPHONE_ARRAY				\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0205)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21BE5-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_MICROPHONE_ARRAY);
+#define KSNODETYPE_MICROPHONE_ARRAY DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_MICROPHONE_ARRAY)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_PROCESSING_MICROPHONE_ARRAY			\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0206)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21BE6-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_PROCESSING_MICROPHONE_ARRAY);
+#define KSNODETYPE_PROCESSING_MICROPHONE_ARRAY DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_PROCESSING_MICROPHONE_ARRAY)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_MICROPHONE_ARRAY_PROCESSOR			\
+	0x830a44f2,0xa32d,0x476b,0xbe,0x97,0x42,0x84,0x56,0x73,0xb3,0x5a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("830a44f2-a32d-476b-be97-42845673b35a",KSCATEGORY_MICROPHONE_ARRAY_PROCESSOR);
+#define KSCATEGORY_MICROPHONE_ARRAY_PROCESSOR DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_MICROPHONE_ARRAY_PROCESSOR)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_SPEAKER					\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0301)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21CE1-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_SPEAKER);
+#define KSNODETYPE_SPEAKER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_SPEAKER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_HEADPHONES					\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0302)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21CE2-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_HEADPHONES);
+#define KSNODETYPE_HEADPHONES DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_HEADPHONES)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_HEAD_MOUNTED_DISPLAY_AUDIO			\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0303)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21CE3-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_HEAD_MOUNTED_DISPLAY_AUDIO);
+#define KSNODETYPE_HEAD_MOUNTED_DISPLAY_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_HEAD_MOUNTED_DISPLAY_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_DESKTOP_SPEAKER				\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0304)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21CE4-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_DESKTOP_SPEAKER);
+#define KSNODETYPE_DESKTOP_SPEAKER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_DESKTOP_SPEAKER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_ROOM_SPEAKER					\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0305)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21CE5-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_ROOM_SPEAKER);
+#define KSNODETYPE_ROOM_SPEAKER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_ROOM_SPEAKER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_COMMUNICATION_SPEAKER				\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0306)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21CE6-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_COMMUNICATION_SPEAKER);
+#define KSNODETYPE_COMMUNICATION_SPEAKER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_COMMUNICATION_SPEAKER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_LOW_FREQUENCY_EFFECTS_SPEAKER			\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0307)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21CE7-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_LOW_FREQUENCY_EFFECTS_SPEAKER);
+#define KSNODETYPE_LOW_FREQUENCY_EFFECTS_SPEAKER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_LOW_FREQUENCY_EFFECTS_SPEAKER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_HANDSET					\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0401)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21DE1-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_HANDSET);
+#define KSNODETYPE_HANDSET DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_HANDSET)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_HEADSET					\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0402)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21DE2-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_HEADSET);
+#define KSNODETYPE_HEADSET DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_HEADSET)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_SPEAKERPHONE_NO_ECHO_REDUCTION		\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0403)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21DE3-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_SPEAKERPHONE_NO_ECHO_REDUCTION);
+#define KSNODETYPE_SPEAKERPHONE_NO_ECHO_REDUCTION DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_SPEAKERPHONE_NO_ECHO_REDUCTION)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_ECHO_SUPPRESSING_SPEAKERPHONE			\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0404)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21DE4-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_ECHO_SUPPRESSING_SPEAKERPHONE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_ECHO_SUPPRESSING_SPEAKERPHONE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_ECHO_SUPPRESSING_SPEAKERPHONE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_ECHO_CANCELING_SPEAKERPHONE			\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0405)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21DE5-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_ECHO_CANCELING_SPEAKERPHONE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_ECHO_CANCELING_SPEAKERPHONE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_ECHO_CANCELING_SPEAKERPHONE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_PHONE_LINE					\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0501)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21EE1-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_PHONE_LINE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_PHONE_LINE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_PHONE_LINE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_TELEPHONE					\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0502)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21EE2-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_TELEPHONE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_TELEPHONE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_TELEPHONE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_DOWN_LINE_PHONE				\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0503)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21EE3-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_DOWN_LINE_PHONE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_DOWN_LINE_PHONE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_DOWN_LINE_PHONE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_ANALOG_CONNECTOR				\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x601)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21FE1-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_ANALOG_CONNECTOR);
+#define KSNODETYPE_ANALOG_CONNECTOR DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_ANALOG_CONNECTOR)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_DIGITAL_AUDIO_INTERFACE			\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0602)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21FE2-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_DIGITAL_AUDIO_INTERFACE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_DIGITAL_AUDIO_INTERFACE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_DIGITAL_AUDIO_INTERFACE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_LINE_CONNECTOR				\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0603)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21FE3-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_LINE_CONNECTOR);
+#define KSNODETYPE_LINE_CONNECTOR DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_LINE_CONNECTOR)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_LEGACY_AUDIO_CONNECTOR			\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0604)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21FE4-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_LEGACY_AUDIO_CONNECTOR);
+#define KSNODETYPE_LEGACY_AUDIO_CONNECTOR DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_LEGACY_AUDIO_CONNECTOR)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_SPDIF_INTERFACE				\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0605)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21FE5-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_SPDIF_INTERFACE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_SPDIF_INTERFACE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_SPDIF_INTERFACE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_1394_DA_STREAM				\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0606)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21FE6-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_1394_DA_STREAM);
+#define KSNODETYPE_1394_DA_STREAM DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_1394_DA_STREAM)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_1394_DV_STREAM_SOUNDTRACK			\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0607)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF21FE7-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_1394_DV_STREAM_SOUNDTRACK);
+#define KSNODETYPE_1394_DV_STREAM_SOUNDTRACK DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_1394_DV_STREAM_SOUNDTRACK)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_LEVEL_CALIBRATION_NOISE_SOURCE		\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0701)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF220E1-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_LEVEL_CALIBRATION_NOISE_SOURCE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_LEVEL_CALIBRATION_NOISE_SOURCE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_LEVEL_CALIBRATION_NOISE_SOURCE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_EQUALIZATION_NOISE				\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0702)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF220E2-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_EQUALIZATION_NOISE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_EQUALIZATION_NOISE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_EQUALIZATION_NOISE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_CD_PLAYER					\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0703)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF220E3-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_CD_PLAYER);
+#define KSNODETYPE_CD_PLAYER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_CD_PLAYER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_DAT_IO_DIGITAL_AUDIO_TAPE			\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0704)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF220E4-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_DAT_IO_DIGITAL_AUDIO_TAPE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_DAT_IO_DIGITAL_AUDIO_TAPE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_DAT_IO_DIGITAL_AUDIO_TAPE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_DCC_IO_DIGITAL_COMPACT_CASSETTE		\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0705)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF220E5-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_DCC_IO_DIGITAL_COMPACT_CASSETTE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_DCC_IO_DIGITAL_COMPACT_CASSETTE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_DCC_IO_DIGITAL_COMPACT_CASSETTE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_MINIDISK					\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0706)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF220E6-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_MINIDISK);
+#define KSNODETYPE_MINIDISK DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_MINIDISK)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_ANALOG_TAPE					\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0707)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF220E7-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_ANALOG_TAPE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_ANALOG_TAPE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_ANALOG_TAPE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_PHONOGRAPH					\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0708)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF220E8-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_PHONOGRAPH);
+#define KSNODETYPE_PHONOGRAPH DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_PHONOGRAPH)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_VCR_AUDIO					\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0708)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF220E9-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_VCR_AUDIO);
+#define KSNODETYPE_VCR_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_VCR_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_DISC_AUDIO				\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x070A)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF220EA-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_DISC_AUDIO);
+#define KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_DISC_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_DISC_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_DVD_AUDIO					\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x070B)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF220EB-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_DVD_AUDIO);
+#define KSNODETYPE_DVD_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_DVD_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_TV_TUNER_AUDIO				\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x070C)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF220EC-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_TV_TUNER_AUDIO);
+#define KSNODETYPE_TV_TUNER_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_TV_TUNER_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_SATELLITE_RECEIVER_AUDIO			\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x070D)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF220ED-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_SATELLITE_RECEIVER_AUDIO);
+#define KSNODETYPE_SATELLITE_RECEIVER_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_SATELLITE_RECEIVER_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_CABLE_TUNER_AUDIO				\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x070E)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF220EE-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_CABLE_TUNER_AUDIO);
+#define KSNODETYPE_CABLE_TUNER_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_CABLE_TUNER_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_DSS_AUDIO					\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x070F)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF220EF-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_DSS_AUDIO);
+#define KSNODETYPE_DSS_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_DSS_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_RADIO_RECEIVER				\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0710)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF220F0-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_RADIO_RECEIVER);
+#define KSNODETYPE_RADIO_RECEIVER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_RADIO_RECEIVER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_RADIO_TRANSMITTER				\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0711)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF220F1-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_RADIO_TRANSMITTER);
+#define KSNODETYPE_RADIO_TRANSMITTER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_RADIO_TRANSMITTER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_MULTITRACK_RECORDER				\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0712)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF220F2-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_MULTITRACK_RECORDER);
+#define KSNODETYPE_MULTITRACK_RECORDER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_MULTITRACK_RECORDER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_SYNTHESIZER					\
+	DEFINE_USB_TERMINAL_GUID(0x0713)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF220F3-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_SYNTHESIZER);
+#define KSNODETYPE_SYNTHESIZER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_SYNTHESIZER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_SWSYNTH					\
+	0x423274A0L,0x8B81,0x11D1,0xA0,0x50,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x47,0x88
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("423274A0-8B81-11D1-A050-0000F8004788",KSNODETYPE_SWSYNTH);
+#define KSNODETYPE_SWSYNTH DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_SWSYNTH)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_SWMIDI					\
+	0xCB9BEFA0L,0xA251,0x11D1,0xA0,0x50,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x47,0x88
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("CB9BEFA0-A251-11D1-A050-0000F8004788",KSNODETYPE_SWMIDI);
+#define KSNODETYPE_SWMIDI DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_SWMIDI)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_DRM_DESCRAMBLE				\
+	0xFFBB6E3FL,0xCCFE,0x4D84,0x90,0xD9,0x42,0x14,0x18,0xB0,0x3A,0x8E
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("FFBB6E3F-CCFE-4D84-90D9-421418B03A8E",KSNODETYPE_DRM_DESCRAMBLE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_DRM_DESCRAMBLE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_DRM_DESCRAMBLE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_AUDIO						\
+	0x6994AD04L,0x93EF,0x11D0,0xA3,0xCC,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("6994AD04-93EF-11D0-A3CC-00A0C9223196",KSCATEGORY_AUDIO);
+#define KSCATEGORY_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_VIDEO						\
+	0x6994AD05L,0x93EF,0x11D0,0xA3,0xCC,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("6994AD05-93EF-11D0-A3CC-00A0C9223196",KSCATEGORY_VIDEO);
+#define KSCATEGORY_VIDEO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_VIDEO)
+
+/* Added for Vista and later */
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_REALTIME \
+    0xEB115FFCL, 0x10C8, 0x4964, 0x83, 0x1D, 0x6D, 0xCB, 0x02, 0xE6, 0xF2, 0x3F
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("EB115FFC-10C8-4964-831D-6DCB02E6F23F", KSCATEGORY_REALTIME);
+#define KSCATEGORY_REALTIME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_REALTIME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_TEXT						\
+	0x6994AD06L,0x93EF,0x11D0,0xA3,0xCC,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("6994AD06-93EF-11D0-A3CC-00A0C9223196",KSCATEGORY_TEXT);
+#define KSCATEGORY_TEXT DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_TEXT)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_NETWORK					\
+	0x67C9CC3CL,0x69C4,0x11D2,0x87,0x59,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("67C9CC3C-69C4-11D2-8759-00A0C9223196",KSCATEGORY_NETWORK);
+#define KSCATEGORY_NETWORK DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_NETWORK)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_TOPOLOGY					\
+	0xDDA54A40L,0x1E4C,0x11D1,0xA0,0x50,0x40,0x57,0x05,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DDA54A40-1E4C-11D1-A050-405705C10000",KSCATEGORY_TOPOLOGY);
+#define KSCATEGORY_TOPOLOGY DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_TOPOLOGY)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_VIRTUAL					\
+	0x3503EAC4L,0x1F26,0x11D1,0x8A,0xB0,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("3503EAC4-1F26-11D1-8AB0-00A0C9223196",KSCATEGORY_VIRTUAL);
+#define KSCATEGORY_VIRTUAL DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_VIRTUAL)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_ACOUSTIC_ECHO_CANCEL				\
+	0xBF963D80L,0xC559,0x11D0,0x8A,0x2B,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x25,0x5A,0xC1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("BF963D80-C559-11D0-8A2B-00A0C9255AC1",KSCATEGORY_ACOUSTIC_ECHO_CANCEL);
+#define KSCATEGORY_ACOUSTIC_ECHO_CANCEL DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_ACOUSTIC_ECHO_CANCEL)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_SYSAUDIO					\
+	0xA7C7A5B1L,0x5AF3,0x11D1,0x9C,0xED,0x00,0xA0,0x24,0xBF,0x04,0x07
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("A7C7A5B1-5AF3-11D1-9CED-00A024BF0407",KSCATEGORY_SYSAUDIO);
+#define KSCATEGORY_SYSAUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_SYSAUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_WDMAUD					\
+	0x3E227E76L,0x690D,0x11D2,0x81,0x61,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x77,0x5B,0xF1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("3E227E76-690D-11D2-8161-0000F8775BF1",KSCATEGORY_WDMAUD);
+#define KSCATEGORY_WDMAUD DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_WDMAUD)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_AUDIO_GFX					\
+	0x9BAF9572L,0x340C,0x11D3,0xAB,0xDC,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x0A,0xB1,0x6F
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("9BAF9572-340C-11D3-ABDC-00A0C90AB16F",KSCATEGORY_AUDIO_GFX);
+#define KSCATEGORY_AUDIO_GFX DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_AUDIO_GFX)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_AUDIO_SPLITTER				\
+	0x9EA331FAL,0xB91B,0x45F8,0x92,0x85,0xBD,0x2B,0xC7,0x7A,0xFC,0xDE
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("9EA331FA-B91B-45F8-9285-BD2BC77AFCDE",KSCATEGORY_AUDIO_SPLITTER);
+#define KSCATEGORY_AUDIO_SPLITTER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_AUDIO_SPLITTER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_SYNTHESIZER		STATIC_KSNODETYPE_SYNTHESIZER
+#define KSCATEGORY_SYNTHESIZER			KSNODETYPE_SYNTHESIZER
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_DRM_DESCRAMBLE	STATIC_KSNODETYPE_DRM_DESCRAMBLE
+#define KSCATEGORY_DRM_DESCRAMBLE		KSNODETYPE_DRM_DESCRAMBLE
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_AUDIO_DEVICE					\
+	0xFBF6F530L,0x07B9,0x11D2,0xA7,0x1E,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x47,0x88
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("FBF6F530-07B9-11D2-A71E-0000F8004788",KSCATEGORY_AUDIO_DEVICE);
+#define KSCATEGORY_AUDIO_DEVICE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_AUDIO_DEVICE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_PREFERRED_WAVEOUT_DEVICE			\
+	0xD6C5066EL,0x72C1,0x11D2,0x97,0x55,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x47,0x88
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("D6C5066E-72C1-11D2-9755-0000F8004788",KSCATEGORY_PREFERRED_WAVEOUT_DEVICE);
+#define KSCATEGORY_PREFERRED_WAVEOUT_DEVICE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_PREFERRED_WAVEOUT_DEVICE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_PREFERRED_WAVEIN_DEVICE			\
+	0xD6C50671L,0x72C1,0x11D2,0x97,0x55,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x47,0x88
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("D6C50671-72C1-11D2-9755-0000F8004788",KSCATEGORY_PREFERRED_WAVEIN_DEVICE);
+#define KSCATEGORY_PREFERRED_WAVEIN_DEVICE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_PREFERRED_WAVEIN_DEVICE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_PREFERRED_MIDIOUT_DEVICE			\
+	0xD6C50674L,0x72C1,0x11D2,0x97,0x55,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x47,0x88
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("D6C50674-72C1-11D2-9755-0000F8004788",KSCATEGORY_PREFERRED_MIDIOUT_DEVICE);
+#define KSCATEGORY_PREFERRED_MIDIOUT_DEVICE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_PREFERRED_MIDIOUT_DEVICE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_WDMAUD_USE_PIN_NAME				\
+	0x47A4FA20L,0xA251,0x11D1,0xA0,0x50,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x47,0x88
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("47A4FA20-A251-11D1-A050-0000F8004788",KSCATEGORY_WDMAUD_USE_PIN_NAME);
+#define KSCATEGORY_WDMAUD_USE_PIN_NAME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_WDMAUD_USE_PIN_NAME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_ESCALANTE_PLATFORM_DRIVER			\
+	0x74f3aea8L,0x9768,0x11d1,0x8e,0x07,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x5e,0xc2,0x2e
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("74f3aea8-9768-11d1-8e07-00a0c95ec22e",KSCATEGORY_ESCALANTE_PLATFORM_DRIVER);
+#define KSCATEGORY_ESCALANTE_PLATFORM_DRIVER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_ESCALANTE_PLATFORM_DRIVER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_VIDEO					\
+	0x73646976L,0x0000,0x0010,0x80,0x00,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0x38,0x9b,0x71
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("73646976-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71",KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_VIDEO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_VIDEO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_VIDEO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_AUDIO					\
+	0x73647561L,0x0000,0x0010,0x80,0x00,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0x38,0x9b,0x71
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("73647561-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71",KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_AUDIO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_TEXT					\
+	0x73747874L,0x0000,0x0010,0x80,0x00,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0x38,0x9b,0x71
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("73747874-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71",KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_TEXT);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_TEXT DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_TEXT)
+
+#if !defined(DEFINE_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID)
+#define DEFINE_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID(x)					\
+	(USHORT)(x),0x0000,0x0010,0x80,0x00,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0x38,0x9b,0x71
+#endif
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_WAVEFORMATEX			\
+	0x00000000L,0x0000,0x0010,0x80,0x00,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0x38,0x9b,0x71
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("00000000-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_WAVEFORMATEX);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_WAVEFORMATEX DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_WAVEFORMATEX)
+
+#define INIT_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID(Guid,x)					\
+{									\
+	*(Guid) = KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_WAVEFORMATEX;			\
+	(Guid)->Data1 = (USHORT)(x);					\
+}
+
+#define EXTRACT_WAVEFORMATEX_ID(Guid)					\
+	(USHORT)((Guid)->Data1)
+
+#define IS_VALID_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID(Guid)				\
+	(!memcmp(((PUSHORT)&KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_WAVEFORMATEX) + 1, ((PUSHORT)(Guid)) + 1,sizeof(GUID) - sizeof(USHORT)))
+
+#ifndef INIT_MMREG_MID
+#define INIT_MMREG_MID(guid,id)						\
+{									\
+	(guid)->Data1 = 0xd5a47fa7 + (USHORT)(id);			\
+	(guid)->Data2 = 0x6d98;						\
+	(guid)->Data3 = 0x11d1;						\
+	(guid)->Data4[0] = 0xa2;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[1] = 0x1a;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[2] = 0x00;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[3] = 0xa0;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[4] = 0xc9;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[5] = 0x22;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[6] = 0x31;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[7] = 0x96;					\
+}
+#define EXTRACT_MMREG_MID(guid)						\
+	(USHORT)((guid)->Data1 - 0xd5a47fa7)
+#define DEFINE_MMREG_MID_GUID(id)					\
+	0xd5a47fa7+(USHORT)(id),0x6d98,0x11d1,0xa2,0x1a,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+
+#define IS_COMPATIBLE_MMREG_MID(guid)					\
+	(((guid)->Data1 >= 0xd5a47fa7) &&				\
+	 ((guid)->Data1 < 0xd5a47fa7 + 0xffff) &&			\
+	 ((guid)->Data2 == 0x6d98) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data3 == 0x11d1) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[0] == 0xa2) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[1] == 0x1a) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[2] == 0x00) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[3] == 0xa0) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[4] == 0xc9) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[5] == 0x22) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[6] == 0x31) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[7] == 0x96) )
+#endif /* INIT_MMREG_MID */
+
+#ifndef INIT_MMREG_PID
+#define INIT_MMREG_PID(guid,id)						\
+{									\
+	(guid)->Data1 = 0xe36dc2ac + (USHORT)(id);			\
+	(guid)->Data2 = 0x6d9a;						\
+	(guid)->Data3 = 0x11d1;						\
+	(guid)->Data4[0] = 0xa2;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[1] = 0x1a;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[2] = 0x00;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[3] = 0xa0;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[4] = 0xc9;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[5] = 0x22;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[6] = 0x31;					\
+	(guid)->Data4[7] = 0x96;					\
+}
+#define EXTRACT_MMREG_PID(guid)						\
+	(USHORT)((guid)->Data1 - 0xe36dc2ac)
+#define DEFINE_MMREG_PID_GUID(id)					\
+	0xe36dc2ac+(USHORT)(id),0x6d9a,0x11d1,0xa2,0x1a,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+
+#define IS_COMPATIBLE_MMREG_PID(guid)					\
+	(((guid)->Data1 >= 0xe36dc2ac) &&				\
+	 ((guid)->Data1 < 0xe36dc2ac + 0xffff) &&			\
+	 ((guid)->Data2 == 0x6d9a) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data3 == 0x11d1) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[0] == 0xa2) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[1] == 0x1a) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[2] == 0x00) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[3] == 0xa0) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[4] == 0xc9) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[5] == 0x22) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[6] == 0x31) &&					\
+	 ((guid)->Data4[7] == 0x96) )
+#endif /* INIT_MMREG_PID */
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_ANALOG				\
+	0x6dba3190L,0x67bd,0x11cf,0xa0,0xf7,0x00,0x20,0xaf,0xd1,0x56,0xe4
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("6dba3190-67bd-11cf-a0f7-0020afd156e4",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_ANALOG);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_ANALOG DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_ANALOG)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM					\
+	DEFINE_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID(WAVE_FORMAT_PCM)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("00000001-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM)
+
+#ifdef _INC_MMREG
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT				\
+	DEFINE_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID(WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("00000003-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_DRM					\
+	DEFINE_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID(WAVE_FORMAT_DRM)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("00000009-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_DRM);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_DRM DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_DRM)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_ALAW				\
+	DEFINE_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID(WAVE_FORMAT_ALAW)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("00000006-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_ALAW);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_ALAW DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_ALAW)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MULAW				\
+	DEFINE_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID(WAVE_FORMAT_MULAW)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("00000007-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MULAW);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MULAW DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MULAW)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_ADPCM				\
+	DEFINE_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID(WAVE_FORMAT_ADPCM)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("00000002-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_ADPCM);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_ADPCM DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_ADPCM)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG				\
+	DEFINE_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID(WAVE_FORMAT_MPEG)
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("00000050-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG)
+#endif /* _INC_MMREG */
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_VC_ID				\
+	0xAD98D184L,0xAAC3,0x11D0,0xA4,0x1C,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("AD98D184-AAC3-11D0-A41C-00A0C9223196",KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_VC_ID);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_VC_ID DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_VC_ID)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_WAVEFORMATEX			\
+	0x05589f81L,0xc356,0x11ce,0xbf,0x01,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0x55,0x59,0x5a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("05589f81-c356-11ce-bf01-00aa0055595a",KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_WAVEFORMATEX);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_WAVEFORMATEX DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_WAVEFORMATEX)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DSOUND				\
+	0x518590a2L,0xa184,0x11d0,0x85,0x22,0x00,0xc0,0x4f,0xd9,0xba,0xf3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("518590a2-a184-11d0-8522-00c04fd9baf3",KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DSOUND);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DSOUND DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DSOUND)
+
+#if defined(_INC_MMSYSTEM) || defined(_INC_MMREG)
+#if !defined(PACK_PRAGMAS_NOT_SUPPORTED)
+#include <pshpack1.h>
+#endif
+typedef struct {
+  KSDATAFORMAT DataFormat;
+  WAVEFORMATEX WaveFormatEx;
+} KSDATAFORMAT_WAVEFORMATEX,*PKSDATAFORMAT_WAVEFORMATEX;
+
+#ifndef _WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE_
+#define _WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE_
+typedef struct {
+  WAVEFORMATEX Format;
+  union {
+    WORD wValidBitsPerSample;
+    WORD wSamplesPerBlock;
+    WORD wReserved;
+  } Samples;
+  DWORD dwChannelMask;
+
+  GUID SubFormat;
+} WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE,*PWAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE;
+#endif /* _WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE_ */
+
+#if !defined(WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE)
+#define WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE			0xFFFE
+#endif
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG Flags;
+  ULONG Control;
+  WAVEFORMATEX WaveFormatEx;
+} KSDSOUND_BUFFERDESC,*PKSDSOUND_BUFFERDESC;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSDATAFORMAT DataFormat;
+  KSDSOUND_BUFFERDESC BufferDesc;
+} KSDATAFORMAT_DSOUND,*PKSDATAFORMAT_DSOUND;
+
+#if !defined(PACK_PRAGMAS_NOT_SUPPORTED)
+#include <poppack.h>
+#endif
+#endif /* defined(_INC_MMSYSTEM) || defined(_INC_MMREG) */
+
+#define KSDSOUND_BUFFER_PRIMARY			0x00000001
+#define KSDSOUND_BUFFER_STATIC			0x00000002
+#define KSDSOUND_BUFFER_LOCHARDWARE		0x00000004
+#define KSDSOUND_BUFFER_LOCSOFTWARE		0x00000008
+
+#define KSDSOUND_BUFFER_CTRL_3D			0x00000001
+#define KSDSOUND_BUFFER_CTRL_FREQUENCY		0x00000002
+#define KSDSOUND_BUFFER_CTRL_PAN		0x00000004
+#define KSDSOUND_BUFFER_CTRL_VOLUME		0x00000008
+#define KSDSOUND_BUFFER_CTRL_POSITIONNOTIFY	0x00000010
+
+typedef struct {
+  DWORDLONG PlayOffset;
+  DWORDLONG WriteOffset;
+} KSAUDIO_POSITION,*PKSAUDIO_POSITION;
+
+typedef struct _DS3DVECTOR {
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union {
+    FLOAT x;
+    FLOAT dvX;
+  };
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union {
+    FLOAT y;
+    FLOAT dvY;
+  };
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union {
+    FLOAT z;
+    FLOAT dvZ;
+  };
+} DS3DVECTOR,*PDS3DVECTOR;
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_DirectSound3DListener			\
+	0x437b3414L,0xd060,0x11d0,0x85,0x83,0x00,0xc0,0x4f,0xd9,0xba,0xf3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("437b3414-d060-11d0-8583-00c04fd9baf3",KSPROPSETID_DirectSound3DListener);
+#define KSPROPSETID_DirectSound3DListener DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_DirectSound3DListener)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUND3DLISTENER_ALL,
+  KSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUND3DLISTENER_POSITION,
+  KSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUND3DLISTENER_VELOCITY,
+  KSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUND3DLISTENER_ORIENTATION,
+  KSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUND3DLISTENER_DISTANCEFACTOR,
+  KSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUND3DLISTENER_ROLLOFFFACTOR,
+  KSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUND3DLISTENER_DOPPLERFACTOR,
+  KSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUND3DLISTENER_BATCH,
+  KSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUND3DLISTENER_ALLOCATION
+} KSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUND3DLISTENER;
+
+typedef struct {
+  DS3DVECTOR Position;
+  DS3DVECTOR Velocity;
+  DS3DVECTOR OrientFront;
+  DS3DVECTOR OrientTop;
+  FLOAT DistanceFactor;
+  FLOAT RolloffFactor;
+  FLOAT DopplerFactor;
+} KSDS3D_LISTENER_ALL,*PKSDS3D_LISTENER_ALL;
+
+typedef struct {
+  DS3DVECTOR Front;
+  DS3DVECTOR Top;
+} KSDS3D_LISTENER_ORIENTATION,*PKSDS3D_LISTENER_ORIENTATION;
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_DirectSound3DBuffer				\
+	0x437b3411L,0xd060,0x11d0,0x85,0x83,0x00,0xc0,0x4f,0xd9,0xba,0xf3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("437b3411-d060-11d0-8583-00c04fd9baf3",KSPROPSETID_DirectSound3DBuffer);
+#define KSPROPSETID_DirectSound3DBuffer DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_DirectSound3DBuffer)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUND3DBUFFER_ALL,
+  KSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUND3DBUFFER_POSITION,
+  KSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUND3DBUFFER_VELOCITY,
+  KSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUND3DBUFFER_CONEANGLES,
+  KSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUND3DBUFFER_CONEORIENTATION,
+  KSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUND3DBUFFER_CONEOUTSIDEVOLUME,
+  KSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUND3DBUFFER_MINDISTANCE,
+  KSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUND3DBUFFER_MAXDISTANCE,
+  KSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUND3DBUFFER_MODE
+} KSPROPERTY_DIRECTSOUND3DBUFFER;
+
+typedef struct {
+  DS3DVECTOR Position;
+  DS3DVECTOR Velocity;
+  ULONG InsideConeAngle;
+  ULONG OutsideConeAngle;
+  DS3DVECTOR ConeOrientation;
+  LONG ConeOutsideVolume;
+  FLOAT MinDistance;
+  FLOAT MaxDistance;
+  ULONG Mode;
+} KSDS3D_BUFFER_ALL,*PKSDS3D_BUFFER_ALL;
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG InsideConeAngle;
+  ULONG OutsideConeAngle;
+} KSDS3D_BUFFER_CONE_ANGLES,*PKSDS3D_BUFFER_CONE_ANGLES;
+
+#define KSAUDIO_STEREO_SPEAKER_GEOMETRY_HEADPHONE	(-1)
+#define KSAUDIO_STEREO_SPEAKER_GEOMETRY_MIN		5
+#define KSAUDIO_STEREO_SPEAKER_GEOMETRY_NARROW		10
+#define KSAUDIO_STEREO_SPEAKER_GEOMETRY_WIDE		20
+#define KSAUDIO_STEREO_SPEAKER_GEOMETRY_MAX		180
+
+#define KSDSOUND_3D_MODE_NORMAL			0x00000000
+#define KSDSOUND_3D_MODE_HEADRELATIVE		0x00000001
+#define KSDSOUND_3D_MODE_DISABLE		0x00000002
+
+#define KSDSOUND_BUFFER_CTRL_HRTF_3D		0x40000000
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG Size;
+  ULONG Enabled;
+  WINBOOL SwapChannels;
+  WINBOOL ZeroAzimuth;
+  WINBOOL CrossFadeOutput;
+  ULONG FilterSize;
+} KSDS3D_HRTF_PARAMS_MSG,*PKSDS3D_HRTF_PARAMS_MSG;
+
+typedef enum {
+  FULL_FILTER,
+  LIGHT_FILTER,
+  KSDS3D_FILTER_QUALITY_COUNT
+} KSDS3D_HRTF_FILTER_QUALITY;
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG Size;
+  KSDS3D_HRTF_FILTER_QUALITY Quality;
+  FLOAT SampleRate;
+  ULONG MaxFilterSize;
+  ULONG FilterTransientMuteLength;
+  ULONG FilterOverlapBufferLength;
+  ULONG OutputOverlapBufferLength;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+} KSDS3D_HRTF_INIT_MSG,*PKSDS3D_HRTF_INIT_MSG;
+
+typedef enum {
+  FLOAT_COEFF,
+  SHORT_COEFF,
+  KSDS3D_COEFF_COUNT
+} KSDS3D_HRTF_COEFF_FORMAT;
+
+typedef enum {
+  DIRECT_FORM,
+  CASCADE_FORM,
+  KSDS3D_FILTER_METHOD_COUNT
+} KSDS3D_HRTF_FILTER_METHOD;
+
+typedef enum {
+  DS3D_HRTF_VERSION_1
+} KSDS3D_HRTF_FILTER_VERSION;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSDS3D_HRTF_FILTER_METHOD FilterMethod;
+  KSDS3D_HRTF_COEFF_FORMAT CoeffFormat;
+  KSDS3D_HRTF_FILTER_VERSION Version;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+} KSDS3D_HRTF_FILTER_FORMAT_MSG,*PKSDS3D_HRTF_FILTER_FORMAT_MSG;
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_Hrtf3d					\
+	0xb66decb0L,0xa083,0x11d0,0x85,0x1e,0x00,0xc0,0x4f,0xd9,0xba,0xf3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("b66decb0-a083-11d0-851e-00c04fd9baf3",KSPROPSETID_Hrtf3d);
+#define KSPROPSETID_Hrtf3d DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_Hrtf3d)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_HRTF3D_PARAMS = 0,
+  KSPROPERTY_HRTF3D_INITIALIZE,
+  KSPROPERTY_HRTF3D_FILTER_FORMAT
+} KSPROPERTY_HRTF3D;
+
+typedef struct {
+  LONG Channel;
+  FLOAT VolSmoothScale;
+  FLOAT TotalDryAttenuation;
+  FLOAT TotalWetAttenuation;
+  LONG SmoothFrequency;
+  LONG Delay;
+} KSDS3D_ITD_PARAMS,*PKSDS3D_ITD_PARAMS;
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG Enabled;
+  KSDS3D_ITD_PARAMS LeftParams;
+  KSDS3D_ITD_PARAMS RightParams;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+} KSDS3D_ITD_PARAMS_MSG,*PKSDS3D_ITD_PARAMS_MSG;
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_Itd3d					\
+	0x6429f090L,0x9fd9,0x11d0,0xa7,0x5b,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x03,0x65,0xe3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("6429f090-9fd9-11d0-a75b-00a0c90365e3",KSPROPSETID_Itd3d);
+#define KSPROPSETID_Itd3d DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_Itd3d)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_ITD3D_PARAMS = 0
+} KSPROPERTY_ITD3D;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSDATARANGE DataRange;
+  ULONG MaximumChannels;
+  ULONG MinimumBitsPerSample;
+  ULONG MaximumBitsPerSample;
+  ULONG MinimumSampleFrequency;
+  ULONG MaximumSampleFrequency;
+} KSDATARANGE_AUDIO,*PKSDATARANGE_AUDIO;
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_RIFF				\
+	0x4995DAEEL,0x9EE6,0x11D0,0xA4,0x0E,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("4995DAEE-9EE6-11D0-A40E-00A0C9223196",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_RIFF);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_RIFF DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_RIFF)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_RIFFWAVE				\
+	0xe436eb8bL,0x524f,0x11ce,0x9f,0x53,0x00,0x20,0xaf,0x0b,0xa7,0x70
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("e436eb8b-524f-11ce-9f53-0020af0ba770",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_RIFFWAVE);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_RIFFWAVE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_RIFFWAVE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_Bibliographic				\
+	0x07BA150EL,0xE2B1,0x11D0,0xAC,0x17,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("07BA150E-E2B1-11D0-AC17-00A0C9223196",KSPROPSETID_Bibliographic);
+#define KSPROPSETID_Bibliographic DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_Bibliographic)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_LEADER = 'RDL ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_LCCN = '010 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_ISBN = '020 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_ISSN = '220 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_CATALOGINGSOURCE = '040 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_MAINPERSONALNAME = '001 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_MAINCORPORATEBODY = '011 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_MAINMEETINGNAME = '111 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_MAINUNIFORMTITLE = '031 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_UNIFORMTITLE = '042 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_TITLESTATEMENT = '542 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_VARYINGFORMTITLE = '642 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_PUBLICATION = '062 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_PHYSICALDESCRIPTION = '003 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_ADDEDENTRYTITLE = '044 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_SERIESSTATEMENT = '094 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_GENERALNOTE = '005 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_BIBLIOGRAPHYNOTE = '405 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_CONTENTSNOTE = '505 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_CREATIONCREDIT = '805 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_CITATION = '015 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_PARTICIPANT = '115 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_SUMMARY = '025 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_TARGETAUDIENCE = '125 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_ADDEDFORMAVAILABLE = '035 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_SYSTEMDETAILS = '835 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_AWARDS = '685 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_ADDEDENTRYPERSONALNAME = '006 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_ADDEDENTRYTOPICALTERM = '056 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_ADDEDENTRYGEOGRAPHIC = '156 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_INDEXTERMGENRE = '556 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_INDEXTERMCURRICULUM = '856 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_ADDEDENTRYUNIFORMTITLE = '037 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_ADDEDENTRYRELATED = '047 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_SERIESSTATEMENTPERSONALNAME = '008 ',
+  KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC_SERIESSTATEMENTUNIFORMTITLE = '038 '
+} KSPROPERTY_BIBLIOGRAPHIC;
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_TopologyNode					\
+	0x45FFAAA1L,0x6E1B,0x11D0,0xBC,0xF2,0x44,0x45,0x53,0x54,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("45FFAAA1-6E1B-11D0-BCF2-444553540000",KSPROPSETID_TopologyNode);
+#define KSPROPSETID_TopologyNode DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_TopologyNode)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_TOPOLOGYNODE_ENABLE = 1,
+  KSPROPERTY_TOPOLOGYNODE_RESET
+} KSPROPERTY_TOPOLOGYNODE;
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_RtAudio					\
+	0xa855a48c,0x2f78,0x4729,0x90,0x51,0x19,0x68,0x74,0x6b,0x9e,0xef
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("A855A48C-2F78-4729-9051-1968746B9EEF",KSPROPSETID_RtAudio);
+#define KSPROPSETID_RtAudio DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_RtAudio)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_RTAUDIO_GETPOSITIONFUNCTION,
+  /* Added for Vista and later */
+  KSPROPERTY_RTAUDIO_BUFFER,
+  KSPROPERTY_RTAUDIO_HWLATENCY,
+  KSPROPERTY_RTAUDIO_POSITIONREGISTER,
+  KSPROPERTY_RTAUDIO_CLOCKREGISTER,
+  KSPROPERTY_RTAUDIO_BUFFER_WITH_NOTIFICATION,
+  KSPROPERTY_RTAUDIO_REGISTER_NOTIFICATION_EVENT,
+  KSPROPERTY_RTAUDIO_UNREGISTER_NOTIFICATION_EVENT
+} KSPROPERTY_RTAUDIO;
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_DrmAudioStream				\
+	0x2f2c8ddd,0x4198,0x4fac,0xba,0x29,0x61,0xbb,0x5,0xb7,0xde,0x6
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("2F2C8DDD-4198-4fac-BA29-61BB05B7DE06",KSPROPSETID_DrmAudioStream);
+#define KSPROPSETID_DrmAudioStream DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_DrmAudioStream)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_DRMAUDIOSTREAM_CONTENTID
+} KSPROPERTY_DRMAUDIOSTREAM;
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_Audio					\
+	0x45FFAAA0L,0x6E1B,0x11D0,0xBC,0xF2,0x44,0x45,0x53,0x54,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("45FFAAA0-6E1B-11D0-BCF2-444553540000",KSPROPSETID_Audio);
+#define KSPROPSETID_Audio DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_Audio)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_LATENCY = 1,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_COPY_PROTECTION,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_CHANNEL_CONFIG,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_VOLUMELEVEL,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_POSITION,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_DYNAMIC_RANGE,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_QUALITY,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_SAMPLING_RATE,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_DYNAMIC_SAMPLING_RATE,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_MIX_LEVEL_TABLE,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_MIX_LEVEL_CAPS,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_MUX_SOURCE,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_MUTE,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_BASS,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_MID,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_TREBLE,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_BASS_BOOST,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_EQ_LEVEL,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_NUM_EQ_BANDS,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_EQ_BANDS,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_AGC,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_DELAY,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_LOUDNESS,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_WIDE_MODE,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_WIDENESS,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_REVERB_LEVEL,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_CHORUS_LEVEL,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_DEV_SPECIFIC,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_DEMUX_DEST,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_STEREO_ENHANCE,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_MANUFACTURE_GUID,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_PRODUCT_GUID,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_CPU_RESOURCES,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_STEREO_SPEAKER_GEOMETRY,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_SURROUND_ENCODE,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_3D_INTERFACE,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_PEAKMETER,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_ALGORITHM_INSTANCE,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_FILTER_STATE,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_PREFERRED_STATUS
+} KSPROPERTY_AUDIO;
+
+#define KSAUDIO_QUALITY_WORST			0x0
+#define KSAUDIO_QUALITY_PC			0x1
+#define KSAUDIO_QUALITY_BASIC			0x2
+#define KSAUDIO_QUALITY_ADVANCED		0x3
+
+#define KSAUDIO_CPU_RESOURCES_NOT_HOST_CPU	0x00000000
+#define KSAUDIO_CPU_RESOURCES_HOST_CPU		0x7FFFFFFF
+
+typedef struct {
+  WINBOOL fCopyrighted;
+  WINBOOL fOriginal;
+} KSAUDIO_COPY_PROTECTION,*PKSAUDIO_COPY_PROTECTION;
+
+typedef struct {
+  LONG ActiveSpeakerPositions;
+} KSAUDIO_CHANNEL_CONFIG,*PKSAUDIO_CHANNEL_CONFIG;
+
+#define SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT		0x1
+#define SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT		0x2
+#define SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER		0x4
+#define SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY		0x8
+#define SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT		0x10
+#define SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT		0x20
+#define SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT_OF_CENTER	0x40
+#define SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT_OF_CENTER	0x80
+#define SPEAKER_BACK_CENTER		0x100
+#define SPEAKER_SIDE_LEFT		0x200
+#define SPEAKER_SIDE_RIGHT		0x400
+#define SPEAKER_TOP_CENTER		0x800
+#define SPEAKER_TOP_FRONT_LEFT		0x1000
+#define SPEAKER_TOP_FRONT_CENTER	0x2000
+#define SPEAKER_TOP_FRONT_RIGHT		0x4000
+#define SPEAKER_TOP_BACK_LEFT		0x8000
+#define SPEAKER_TOP_BACK_CENTER		0x10000
+#define SPEAKER_TOP_BACK_RIGHT		0x20000
+
+#define SPEAKER_RESERVED		0x7FFC0000
+
+#define SPEAKER_ALL			0x80000000
+
+#define KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_DIRECTOUT	0
+#define KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_MONO		(SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER)
+#define KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_STEREO		(SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT)
+#define KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_QUAD		(SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT |		\
+					 SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT | SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT)
+#define KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_SURROUND	(SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT |		\
+					 SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER | SPEAKER_BACK_CENTER)
+#define KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_5POINT1		(SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT |		\
+					 SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER | SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY |		\
+					 SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT | SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT)
+#define KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_7POINT1		(SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT |		\
+					 SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER | SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY |		\
+					 SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT | SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT |		\
+					 SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT_OF_CENTER | SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT_OF_CENTER)
+#define KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_5POINT1_SURROUND (SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT |		\
+					  SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER | SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY |	\
+					  SPEAKER_SIDE_LEFT | SPEAKER_SIDE_RIGHT)
+#define KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_7POINT1_SURROUND (SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT |		\
+					  SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER | SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY |	\
+					  SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT | SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT |		\
+					  SPEAKER_SIDE_LEFT | SPEAKER_SIDE_RIGHT)
+
+#define KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_5POINT1_BACK	KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_5POINT1
+#define KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_7POINT1_WIDE	KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_7POINT1
+
+#define KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_GROUND_FRONT_LEFT	SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT
+#define KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_GROUND_FRONT_CENTER	SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER
+#define KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_GROUND_FRONT_RIGHT	SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT
+#define KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_GROUND_REAR_LEFT	SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT
+#define KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_GROUND_REAR_RIGHT	SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT
+#define KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_TOP_MIDDLE		SPEAKER_TOP_CENTER
+#define KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_SUPER_WOOFER		SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG QuietCompression;
+  ULONG LoudCompression;
+} KSAUDIO_DYNAMIC_RANGE,*PKSAUDIO_DYNAMIC_RANGE;
+
+typedef struct {
+  WINBOOL Mute;
+  LONG Level;
+} KSAUDIO_MIXLEVEL,*PKSAUDIO_MIXLEVEL;
+
+typedef struct {
+  WINBOOL Mute;
+  LONG Minimum;
+  LONG Maximum;
+  LONG Reset;
+} KSAUDIO_MIX_CAPS,*PKSAUDIO_MIX_CAPS;
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG InputChannels;
+  ULONG OutputChannels;
+  KSAUDIO_MIX_CAPS Capabilities[1];
+} KSAUDIO_MIXCAP_TABLE,*PKSAUDIO_MIXCAP_TABLE;
+
+typedef enum {
+  SE_TECH_NONE,
+  SE_TECH_ANALOG_DEVICES_PHAT,
+  SE_TECH_CREATIVE,
+  SE_TECH_NATIONAL_SEMI,
+  SE_TECH_YAMAHA_YMERSION,
+  SE_TECH_BBE,
+  SE_TECH_CRYSTAL_SEMI,
+  SE_TECH_QSOUND_QXPANDER,
+  SE_TECH_SPATIALIZER,
+  SE_TECH_SRS,
+  SE_TECH_PLATFORM_TECH,
+  SE_TECH_AKM,
+  SE_TECH_AUREAL,
+  SE_TECH_AZTECH,
+  SE_TECH_BINAURA,
+  SE_TECH_ESS_TECH,
+  SE_TECH_HARMAN_VMAX,
+  SE_TECH_NVIDEA,
+  SE_TECH_PHILIPS_INCREDIBLE,
+  SE_TECH_TEXAS_INST,
+  SE_TECH_VLSI_TECH
+} SE_TECHNIQUE;
+
+typedef struct {
+  SE_TECHNIQUE Technique;
+  ULONG Center;
+  ULONG Depth;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+} KSAUDIO_STEREO_ENHANCE,*PKSAUDIO_STEREO_ENHANCE;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_SYSAUDIO_NORMAL_DEFAULT = 0,
+  KSPROPERTY_SYSAUDIO_PLAYBACK_DEFAULT,
+  KSPROPERTY_SYSAUDIO_RECORD_DEFAULT,
+  KSPROPERTY_SYSAUDIO_MIDI_DEFAULT,
+  KSPROPERTY_SYSAUDIO_MIXER_DEFAULT
+} KSPROPERTY_SYSAUDIO_DEFAULT_TYPE;
+
+typedef struct {
+  WINBOOL Enable;
+  KSPROPERTY_SYSAUDIO_DEFAULT_TYPE DeviceType;
+  ULONG Flags;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+} KSAUDIO_PREFERRED_STATUS,*PKSAUDIO_PREFERRED_STATUS;
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_DAC						\
+	0x507AE360L,0xC554,0x11D0,0x8A,0x2B,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x25,0x5A,0xC1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("507AE360-C554-11D0-8A2B-00A0C9255AC1",KSNODETYPE_DAC);
+#define KSNODETYPE_DAC DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_DAC)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_ADC						\
+	0x4D837FE0L,0xC555,0x11D0,0x8A,0x2B,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x25,0x5A,0xC1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("4D837FE0-C555-11D0-8A2B-00A0C9255AC1",KSNODETYPE_ADC);
+#define KSNODETYPE_ADC DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_ADC)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_SRC						\
+	0x9DB7B9E0L,0xC555,0x11D0,0x8A,0x2B,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x25,0x5A,0xC1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("9DB7B9E0-C555-11D0-8A2B-00A0C9255AC1",KSNODETYPE_SRC);
+#define KSNODETYPE_SRC DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_SRC)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_SUPERMIX					\
+	0xE573ADC0L,0xC555,0x11D0,0x8A,0x2B,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x25,0x5A,0xC1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("E573ADC0-C555-11D0-8A2B-00A0C9255AC1",KSNODETYPE_SUPERMIX);
+#define KSNODETYPE_SUPERMIX DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_SUPERMIX)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_MUX						\
+	0x2CEAF780L,0xC556,0x11D0,0x8A,0x2B,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x25,0x5A,0xC1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("2CEAF780-C556-11D0-8A2B-00A0C9255AC1",KSNODETYPE_MUX);
+#define KSNODETYPE_MUX DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_MUX)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_DEMUX						\
+	0xC0EB67D4L,0xE807,0x11D0,0x95,0x8A,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("C0EB67D4-E807-11D0-958A-00C04FB925D3",KSNODETYPE_DEMUX);
+#define KSNODETYPE_DEMUX DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_DEMUX)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_SUM						\
+	0xDA441A60L,0xC556,0x11D0,0x8A,0x2B,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x25,0x5A,0xC1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DA441A60-C556-11D0-8A2B-00A0C9255AC1",KSNODETYPE_SUM);
+#define KSNODETYPE_SUM DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_SUM)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_MUTE						\
+	0x02B223C0L,0xC557,0x11D0,0x8A,0x2B,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x25,0x5A,0xC1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("02B223C0-C557-11D0-8A2B-00A0C9255AC1",KSNODETYPE_MUTE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_MUTE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_MUTE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_VOLUME					\
+	0x3A5ACC00L,0xC557,0x11D0,0x8A,0x2B,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x25,0x5A,0xC1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("3A5ACC00-C557-11D0-8A2B-00A0C9255AC1",KSNODETYPE_VOLUME);
+#define KSNODETYPE_VOLUME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_VOLUME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_TONE						\
+	0x7607E580L,0xC557,0x11D0,0x8A,0x2B,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x25,0x5A,0xC1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("7607E580-C557-11D0-8A2B-00A0C9255AC1",KSNODETYPE_TONE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_TONE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_TONE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_EQUALIZER					\
+	0x9D41B4A0L,0xC557,0x11D0,0x8A,0x2B,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x25,0x5A,0xC1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("9D41B4A0-C557-11D0-8A2B-00A0C9255AC1",KSNODETYPE_EQUALIZER);
+#define KSNODETYPE_EQUALIZER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_EQUALIZER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_AGC						\
+	0xE88C9BA0L,0xC557,0x11D0,0x8A,0x2B,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x25,0x5A,0xC1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("E88C9BA0-C557-11D0-8A2B-00A0C9255AC1",KSNODETYPE_AGC);
+#define KSNODETYPE_AGC DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_AGC)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_NOISE_SUPPRESS				\
+	0xe07f903f,0x62fd,0x4e60,0x8c,0xdd,0xde,0xa7,0x23,0x66,0x65,0xb5
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("E07F903F-62FD-4e60-8CDD-DEA7236665B5",KSNODETYPE_NOISE_SUPPRESS);
+#define KSNODETYPE_NOISE_SUPPRESS DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_NOISE_SUPPRESS)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_DELAY						\
+	0x144981E0L,0xC558,0x11D0,0x8A,0x2B,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x25,0x5A,0xC1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("144981E0-C558-11D0-8A2B-00A0C9255AC1",KSNODETYPE_DELAY);
+#define KSNODETYPE_DELAY DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_DELAY)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_LOUDNESS					\
+	0x41887440L,0xC558,0x11D0,0x8A,0x2B,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x25,0x5A,0xC1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("41887440-C558-11D0-8A2B-00A0C9255AC1",KSNODETYPE_LOUDNESS);
+#define KSNODETYPE_LOUDNESS DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_LOUDNESS)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_PROLOGIC_DECODER				\
+	0x831C2C80L,0xC558,0x11D0,0x8A,0x2B,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x25,0x5A,0xC1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("831C2C80-C558-11D0-8A2B-00A0C9255AC1",KSNODETYPE_PROLOGIC_DECODER);
+#define KSNODETYPE_PROLOGIC_DECODER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_PROLOGIC_DECODER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_STEREO_WIDE					\
+	0xA9E69800L,0xC558,0x11D0,0x8A,0x2B,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x25,0x5A,0xC1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("A9E69800-C558-11D0-8A2B-00A0C9255AC1",KSNODETYPE_STEREO_WIDE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_STEREO_WIDE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_STEREO_WIDE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_STEREO_ENHANCE				\
+	0xAF6878ACL,0xE83F,0x11D0,0x95,0x8A,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("AF6878AC-E83F-11D0-958A-00C04FB925D3",KSNODETYPE_STEREO_ENHANCE);
+#define KSNODETYPE_STEREO_ENHANCE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_STEREO_ENHANCE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_REVERB					\
+	0xEF0328E0L,0xC558,0x11D0,0x8A,0x2B,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x25,0x5A,0xC1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("EF0328E0-C558-11D0-8A2B-00A0C9255AC1",KSNODETYPE_REVERB);
+#define KSNODETYPE_REVERB DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_REVERB)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_CHORUS					\
+	0x20173F20L,0xC559,0x11D0,0x8A,0x2B,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x25,0x5A,0xC1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("20173F20-C559-11D0-8A2B-00A0C9255AC1",KSNODETYPE_CHORUS);
+#define KSNODETYPE_CHORUS DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_CHORUS)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_3D_EFFECTS					\
+	0x55515860L,0xC559,0x11D0,0x8A,0x2B,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x25,0x5A,0xC1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("55515860-C559-11D0-8A2B-00A0C9255AC1",KSNODETYPE_3D_EFFECTS);
+#define KSNODETYPE_3D_EFFECTS DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_3D_EFFECTS)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_ACOUSTIC_ECHO_CANCEL STATIC_KSCATEGORY_ACOUSTIC_ECHO_CANCEL
+#define KSNODETYPE_ACOUSTIC_ECHO_CANCEL KSCATEGORY_ACOUSTIC_ECHO_CANCEL
+
+#define STATIC_KSALGORITHMINSTANCE_SYSTEM_ACOUSTIC_ECHO_CANCEL		\
+	0x1c22c56dL,0x9879,0x4f5b,0xa3,0x89,0x27,0x99,0x6d,0xdc,0x28,0x10
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("1C22C56D-9879-4f5b-A389-27996DDC2810",KSALGORITHMINSTANCE_SYSTEM_ACOUSTIC_ECHO_CANCEL);
+#define KSALGORITHMINSTANCE_SYSTEM_ACOUSTIC_ECHO_CANCEL DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSALGORITHMINSTANCE_SYSTEM_ACOUSTIC_ECHO_CANCEL)
+
+#define STATIC_KSALGORITHMINSTANCE_SYSTEM_NOISE_SUPPRESS		\
+	0x5ab0882eL,0x7274,0x4516,0x87,0x7d,0x4e,0xee,0x99,0xba,0x4f,0xd0
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("5AB0882E-7274-4516-877D-4EEE99BA4FD0",KSALGORITHMINSTANCE_SYSTEM_NOISE_SUPPRESS);
+#define KSALGORITHMINSTANCE_SYSTEM_NOISE_SUPPRESS DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSALGORITHMINSTANCE_SYSTEM_NOISE_SUPPRESS)
+
+#define STATIC_KSALGORITHMINSTANCE_SYSTEM_AGC				\
+	0x950e55b9L,0x877c,0x4c67,0xbe,0x8,0xe4,0x7b,0x56,0x11,0x13,0xa
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("950E55B9-877C-4c67-BE08-E47B5611130A",KSALGORITHMINSTANCE_SYSTEM_AGC);
+#define KSALGORITHMINSTANCE_SYSTEM_AGC DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSALGORITHMINSTANCE_SYSTEM_AGC)
+
+#define STATIC_KSALGORITHMINSTANCE_SYSTEM_MICROPHONE_ARRAY_PROCESSOR	\
+	0xB6F5A0A0L,0x9E61,0x4F8C,0x91,0xE3,0x76,0xCF,0xF,0x3C,0x47,0x1F
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("B6F5A0A0-9E61-4f8c-91E3-76CF0F3C471F",KSALGORITHMINSTANCE_SYSTEM_MICROPHONE_ARRAY_PROCESSOR);
+#define KSALGORITHMINSTANCE_SYSTEM_MICROPHONE_ARRAY_PROCESSOR DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSALGORITHMINSTANCE_SYSTEM_MICROPHONE_ARRAY_PROCESSOR)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_MICROPHONE_ARRAY_PROCESSOR STATIC_KSCATEGORY_MICROPHONE_ARRAY_PROCESSOR
+#define KSNODETYPE_MICROPHONE_ARRAY_PROCESSOR KSCATEGORY_MICROPHONE_ARRAY_PROCESSOR
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_DEV_SPECIFIC					\
+	0x941C7AC0L,0xC559,0x11D0,0x8A,0x2B,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x25,0x5A,0xC1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("941C7AC0-C559-11D0-8A2B-00A0C9255AC1",KSNODETYPE_DEV_SPECIFIC);
+#define KSNODETYPE_DEV_SPECIFIC DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_DEV_SPECIFIC)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_PROLOGIC_ENCODER				\
+	0x8074C5B2L,0x3C66,0x11D2,0xB4,0x5A,0x30,0x78,0x30,0x2C,0x20,0x30
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("8074C5B2-3C66-11D2-B45A-3078302C2030",KSNODETYPE_PROLOGIC_ENCODER);
+#define KSNODETYPE_PROLOGIC_ENCODER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_PROLOGIC_ENCODER)
+#define KSNODETYPE_SURROUND_ENCODER KSNODETYPE_PROLOGIC_ENCODER
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_PEAKMETER					\
+	0xa085651eL,0x5f0d,0x4b36,0xa8,0x69,0xd1,0x95,0xd6,0xab,0x4b,0x9e
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("A085651E-5F0D-4b36-A869-D195D6AB4B9E",KSNODETYPE_PEAKMETER);
+#define KSNODETYPE_PEAKMETER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_PEAKMETER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_BASS						\
+	0x185FEDE0L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDE0-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_BASS);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_BASS DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_BASS)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_TREBLE					\
+	0x185FEDE1L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDE1-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_TREBLE);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_TREBLE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_TREBLE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_3D_STEREO					\
+	0x185FEDE2L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDE2-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_3D_STEREO);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_3D_STEREO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_3D_STEREO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_MASTER_VOLUME					\
+	0x185FEDE3L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDE3-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_MASTER_VOLUME);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_MASTER_VOLUME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_MASTER_VOLUME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_MASTER_MUTE					\
+	0x185FEDE4L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDE4-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_MASTER_MUTE);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_MASTER_MUTE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_MASTER_MUTE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_WAVE_VOLUME					\
+	0x185FEDE5L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDE5-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_WAVE_VOLUME);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_WAVE_VOLUME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_WAVE_VOLUME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_WAVE_MUTE					\
+	0x185FEDE6L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDE6-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_WAVE_MUTE);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_WAVE_MUTE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_WAVE_MUTE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_MIDI_VOLUME					\
+	0x185FEDE7L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDE7-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_MIDI_VOLUME);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_MIDI_VOLUME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_MIDI_VOLUME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_MIDI_MUTE					\
+	0x185FEDE8L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDE8-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_MIDI_MUTE);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_MIDI_MUTE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_MIDI_MUTE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_CD_VOLUME					\
+	0x185FEDE9L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDE9-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_CD_VOLUME);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_CD_VOLUME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_CD_VOLUME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_CD_MUTE					\
+	0x185FEDEAL,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDEA-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_CD_MUTE);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_CD_MUTE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_CD_MUTE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_LINE_VOLUME					\
+	0x185FEDEBL,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDEB-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_LINE_VOLUME);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_LINE_VOLUME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_LINE_VOLUME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_LINE_MUTE					\
+	0x185FEDECL,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDEC-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_LINE_MUTE);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_LINE_MUTE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_LINE_MUTE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_MIC_VOLUME					\
+	0x185FEDEDL,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDED-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_MIC_VOLUME);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_MIC_VOLUME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_MIC_VOLUME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_MIC_MUTE					\
+	0x185FEDEEL,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDEE-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_MIC_MUTE);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_MIC_MUTE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_MIC_MUTE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_RECORDING_SOURCE				\
+	0x185FEDEFL,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDEF-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_RECORDING_SOURCE);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_RECORDING_SOURCE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_RECORDING_SOURCE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_PC_SPEAKER_VOLUME				\
+	0x185FEDF0L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDF0-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_PC_SPEAKER_VOLUME);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_PC_SPEAKER_VOLUME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_PC_SPEAKER_VOLUME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_PC_SPEAKER_MUTE				\
+	0x185FEDF1L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDF1-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_PC_SPEAKER_MUTE);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_PC_SPEAKER_MUTE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_PC_SPEAKER_MUTE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_MIDI_IN_VOLUME				\
+	0x185FEDF2L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDF2-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_MIDI_IN_VOLUME);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_MIDI_IN_VOLUME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_MIDI_IN_VOLUME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_CD_IN_VOLUME					\
+	0x185FEDF3L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDF3-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_CD_IN_VOLUME);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_CD_IN_VOLUME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_CD_IN_VOLUME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_LINE_IN_VOLUME				\
+	0x185FEDF4L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDF4-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_LINE_IN_VOLUME);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_LINE_IN_VOLUME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_LINE_IN_VOLUME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_MIC_IN_VOLUME					\
+	0x185FEDF5L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDF5-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_MIC_IN_VOLUME);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_MIC_IN_VOLUME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_MIC_IN_VOLUME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_WAVE_IN_VOLUME				\
+	0x185FEDF6L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDF6-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_WAVE_IN_VOLUME);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_WAVE_IN_VOLUME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_WAVE_IN_VOLUME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_VOLUME_CONTROL				\
+	0x185FEDF7L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDF7-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_VOLUME_CONTROL);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_VOLUME_CONTROL DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_VOLUME_CONTROL)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_MIDI						\
+	0x185FEDF8L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDF8-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_MIDI);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_MIDI DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_MIDI)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_LINE_IN					\
+	0x185FEDF9L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDF9-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_LINE_IN);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_LINE_IN DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_LINE_IN)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_RECORDING_CONTROL				\
+	0x185FEDFAL,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDFA-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_RECORDING_CONTROL);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_RECORDING_CONTROL DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_RECORDING_CONTROL)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_CD_AUDIO					\
+	0x185FEDFBL,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDFB-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_CD_AUDIO);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_CD_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_CD_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_AUX_VOLUME					\
+	0x185FEDFCL,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDFC-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_AUX_VOLUME);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_AUX_VOLUME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_AUX_VOLUME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_AUX_MUTE					\
+	0x185FEDFDL,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDFD-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_AUX_MUTE);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_AUX_MUTE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_AUX_MUTE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_AUX						\
+	0x185FEDFEL,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDFE-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_AUX);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_AUX DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_AUX)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_PC_SPEAKER					\
+	0x185FEDFFL,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEDFF-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_PC_SPEAKER);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_PC_SPEAKER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_PC_SPEAKER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_WAVE_OUT_MIX					\
+	0x185FEE00L,0x9905,0x11D1,0x95,0xA9,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("185FEE00-9905-11D1-95A9-00C04FB925D3",KSAUDFNAME_WAVE_OUT_MIX);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_WAVE_OUT_MIX DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_WAVE_OUT_MIX)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_MONO_OUT					\
+	0xf9b41dc3L,0x96e2,0x11d2,0xac,0x4c,0x0,0xc0,0x4f,0x8e,0xfb,0x68
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("F9B41DC3-96E2-11d2-AC4C-00C04F8EFB68",KSAUDFNAME_MONO_OUT);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_MONO_OUT DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_MONO_OUT)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_STEREO_MIX					\
+	0xdff077L,0x96e3,0x11d2,0xac,0x4c,0x0,0xc0,0x4f,0x8e,0xfb,0x68
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("00DFF077-96E3-11d2-AC4C-00C04F8EFB68",KSAUDFNAME_STEREO_MIX);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_STEREO_MIX DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_STEREO_MIX)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_MONO_MIX					\
+	0xdff078L,0x96e3,0x11d2,0xac,0x4c,0x0,0xc0,0x4f,0x8e,0xfb,0x68
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("00DFF078-96E3-11d2-AC4C-00C04F8EFB68",KSAUDFNAME_MONO_MIX);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_MONO_MIX DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_MONO_MIX)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_MONO_OUT_VOLUME				\
+	0x1ad247ebL,0x96e3,0x11d2,0xac,0x4c,0x0,0xc0,0x4f,0x8e,0xfb,0x68
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("1AD247EB-96E3-11d2-AC4C-00C04F8EFB68",KSAUDFNAME_MONO_OUT_VOLUME);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_MONO_OUT_VOLUME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_MONO_OUT_VOLUME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_MONO_OUT_MUTE					\
+	0x1ad247ecL,0x96e3,0x11d2,0xac,0x4c,0x0,0xc0,0x4f,0x8e,0xfb,0x68
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("1AD247EC-96E3-11d2-AC4C-00C04F8EFB68",KSAUDFNAME_MONO_OUT_MUTE);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_MONO_OUT_MUTE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_MONO_OUT_MUTE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_STEREO_MIX_VOLUME				\
+	0x1ad247edL,0x96e3,0x11d2,0xac,0x4c,0x0,0xc0,0x4f,0x8e,0xfb,0x68
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("1AD247ED-96E3-11d2-AC4C-00C04F8EFB68",KSAUDFNAME_STEREO_MIX_VOLUME);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_STEREO_MIX_VOLUME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_STEREO_MIX_VOLUME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_STEREO_MIX_MUTE				\
+	0x22b0eafdL,0x96e3,0x11d2,0xac,0x4c,0x0,0xc0,0x4f,0x8e,0xfb,0x68
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("22B0EAFD-96E3-11d2-AC4C-00C04F8EFB68",KSAUDFNAME_STEREO_MIX_MUTE);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_STEREO_MIX_MUTE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_STEREO_MIX_MUTE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_MONO_MIX_VOLUME				\
+	0x22b0eafeL,0x96e3,0x11d2,0xac,0x4c,0x0,0xc0,0x4f,0x8e,0xfb,0x68
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("22B0EAFE-96E3-11d2-AC4C-00C04F8EFB68",KSAUDFNAME_MONO_MIX_VOLUME);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_MONO_MIX_VOLUME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_MONO_MIX_VOLUME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_MONO_MIX_MUTE					\
+	0x2bc31d69L,0x96e3,0x11d2,0xac,0x4c,0x0,0xc0,0x4f,0x8e,0xfb,0x68
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("2BC31D69-96E3-11d2-AC4C-00C04F8EFB68",KSAUDFNAME_MONO_MIX_MUTE);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_MONO_MIX_MUTE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_MONO_MIX_MUTE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_MICROPHONE_BOOST				\
+	0x2bc31d6aL,0x96e3,0x11d2,0xac,0x4c,0x0,0xc0,0x4f,0x8e,0xfb,0x68
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("2BC31D6A-96E3-11d2-AC4C-00C04F8EFB68",KSAUDFNAME_MICROPHONE_BOOST);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_MICROPHONE_BOOST DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_MICROPHONE_BOOST)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_ALTERNATE_MICROPHONE				\
+	0x2bc31d6bL,0x96e3,0x11d2,0xac,0x4c,0x0,0xc0,0x4f,0x8e,0xfb,0x68
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("2BC31D6B-96E3-11d2-AC4C-00C04F8EFB68",KSAUDFNAME_ALTERNATE_MICROPHONE);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_ALTERNATE_MICROPHONE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_ALTERNATE_MICROPHONE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_3D_DEPTH					\
+	0x63ff5747L,0x991f,0x11d2,0xac,0x4d,0x0,0xc0,0x4f,0x8e,0xfb,0x68
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("63FF5747-991F-11d2-AC4D-00C04F8EFB68",KSAUDFNAME_3D_DEPTH);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_3D_DEPTH DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_3D_DEPTH)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_3D_CENTER					\
+	0x9f0670b4L,0x991f,0x11d2,0xac,0x4d,0x0,0xc0,0x4f,0x8e,0xfb,0x68
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("9F0670B4-991F-11d2-AC4D-00C04F8EFB68",KSAUDFNAME_3D_CENTER);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_3D_CENTER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_3D_CENTER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_VIDEO_VOLUME					\
+	0x9b46e708L,0x992a,0x11d2,0xac,0x4d,0x0,0xc0,0x4f,0x8e,0xfb,0x68
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("9B46E708-992A-11d2-AC4D-00C04F8EFB68",KSAUDFNAME_VIDEO_VOLUME);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_VIDEO_VOLUME DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_VIDEO_VOLUME)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_VIDEO_MUTE					\
+	0x9b46e709L,0x992a,0x11d2,0xac,0x4d,0x0,0xc0,0x4f,0x8e,0xfb,0x68
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("9B46E709-992A-11d2-AC4D-00C04F8EFB68",KSAUDFNAME_VIDEO_MUTE);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_VIDEO_MUTE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_VIDEO_MUTE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_VIDEO						\
+	0x915daec4L,0xa434,0x11d2,0xac,0x52,0x0,0xc0,0x4f,0x8e,0xfb,0x68
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("915DAEC4-A434-11d2-AC52-00C04F8EFB68",KSAUDFNAME_VIDEO);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_VIDEO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_VIDEO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSAUDFNAME_PEAKMETER					\
+	0x57e24340L,0xfc5b,0x4612,0xa5,0x62,0x72,0xb1,0x1a,0x29,0xdf,0xae
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("57E24340-FC5B-4612-A562-72B11A29DFAE",KSAUDFNAME_PEAKMETER);
+#define KSAUDFNAME_PEAKMETER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSAUDFNAME_PEAKMETER)
+
+#define KSNODEPIN_STANDARD_IN		1
+#define KSNODEPIN_STANDARD_OUT		0
+
+#define KSNODEPIN_SUM_MUX_IN		1
+#define KSNODEPIN_SUM_MUX_OUT		0
+
+#define KSNODEPIN_DEMUX_IN		0
+#define KSNODEPIN_DEMUX_OUT		1
+
+#define KSNODEPIN_AEC_RENDER_IN		1
+#define KSNODEPIN_AEC_RENDER_OUT	0
+#define KSNODEPIN_AEC_CAPTURE_IN	2
+#define KSNODEPIN_AEC_CAPTURE_OUT	3
+
+#define STATIC_KSMETHODSETID_Wavetable					\
+	0xDCEF31EBL,0xD907,0x11D0,0x95,0x83,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DCEF31EB-D907-11D0-9583-00C04FB925D3",KSMETHODSETID_Wavetable);
+#define KSMETHODSETID_Wavetable DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSMETHODSETID_Wavetable)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSMETHOD_WAVETABLE_WAVE_ALLOC,
+  KSMETHOD_WAVETABLE_WAVE_FREE,
+  KSMETHOD_WAVETABLE_WAVE_FIND,
+  KSMETHOD_WAVETABLE_WAVE_WRITE
+} KSMETHOD_WAVETABLE;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSIDENTIFIER Identifier;
+  ULONG Size;
+  WINBOOL Looped;
+  ULONG LoopPoint;
+  WINBOOL InROM;
+  KSDATAFORMAT Format;
+} KSWAVETABLE_WAVE_DESC,*PKSWAVETABLE_WAVE_DESC;
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_Acoustic_Echo_Cancel				\
+	0xd7a4af8bL,0x3dc1,0x4902,0x91,0xea,0x8a,0x15,0xc9,0x0e,0x05,0xb2
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("D7A4AF8B-3DC1-4902-91EA-8A15C90E05B2",KSPROPSETID_Acoustic_Echo_Cancel);
+#define KSPROPSETID_Acoustic_Echo_Cancel DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_Acoustic_Echo_Cancel)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_AEC_NOISE_FILL_ENABLE = 0,
+  KSPROPERTY_AEC_STATUS,
+  KSPROPERTY_AEC_MODE
+} KSPROPERTY_AEC;
+
+#define AEC_STATUS_FD_HISTORY_UNINITIALIZED		0x0
+#define AEC_STATUS_FD_HISTORY_CONTINUOUSLY_CONVERGED	0x1
+#define AEC_STATUS_FD_HISTORY_PREVIOUSLY_DIVERGED	0x2
+#define AEC_STATUS_FD_CURRENTLY_CONVERGED		0x8
+
+#define AEC_MODE_PASS_THROUGH				0x0
+#define AEC_MODE_HALF_DUPLEX				0x1
+#define AEC_MODE_FULL_DUPLEX				0x2
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_Wave						\
+	0x924e54b0L,0x630f,0x11cf,0xad,0xa7,0x08,0x00,0x3e,0x30,0x49,0x4a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("924e54b0-630f-11cf-ada7-08003e30494a",KSPROPSETID_Wave);
+#define KSPROPSETID_Wave DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_Wave)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_WAVE_COMPATIBLE_CAPABILITIES,
+  KSPROPERTY_WAVE_INPUT_CAPABILITIES,
+  KSPROPERTY_WAVE_OUTPUT_CAPABILITIES,
+  KSPROPERTY_WAVE_BUFFER,
+  KSPROPERTY_WAVE_FREQUENCY,
+  KSPROPERTY_WAVE_VOLUME,
+  KSPROPERTY_WAVE_PAN
+} KSPROPERTY_WAVE;
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG ulDeviceType;
+} KSWAVE_COMPATCAPS,*PKSWAVE_COMPATCAPS;
+
+#define KSWAVE_COMPATCAPS_INPUT		0x00000000
+#define KSWAVE_COMPATCAPS_OUTPUT	0x00000001
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG MaximumChannelsPerConnection;
+  ULONG MinimumBitsPerSample;
+  ULONG MaximumBitsPerSample;
+  ULONG MinimumSampleFrequency;
+  ULONG MaximumSampleFrequency;
+  ULONG TotalConnections;
+  ULONG ActiveConnections;
+} KSWAVE_INPUT_CAPABILITIES,*PKSWAVE_INPUT_CAPABILITIES;
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG MaximumChannelsPerConnection;
+  ULONG MinimumBitsPerSample;
+  ULONG MaximumBitsPerSample;
+  ULONG MinimumSampleFrequency;
+  ULONG MaximumSampleFrequency;
+  ULONG TotalConnections;
+  ULONG StaticConnections;
+  ULONG StreamingConnections;
+  ULONG ActiveConnections;
+  ULONG ActiveStaticConnections;
+  ULONG ActiveStreamingConnections;
+  ULONG Total3DConnections;
+  ULONG Static3DConnections;
+  ULONG Streaming3DConnections;
+  ULONG Active3DConnections;
+  ULONG ActiveStatic3DConnections;
+  ULONG ActiveStreaming3DConnections;
+  ULONG TotalSampleMemory;
+  ULONG FreeSampleMemory;
+  ULONG LargestFreeContiguousSampleMemory;
+} KSWAVE_OUTPUT_CAPABILITIES,*PKSWAVE_OUTPUT_CAPABILITIES;
+
+typedef struct {
+  LONG LeftAttenuation;
+  LONG RightAttenuation;
+} KSWAVE_VOLUME,*PKSWAVE_VOLUME;
+
+#define KSWAVE_BUFFER_ATTRIBUTEF_LOOPING	0x00000001
+#define KSWAVE_BUFFER_ATTRIBUTEF_STATIC		0x00000002
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG Attributes;
+  ULONG BufferSize;
+  PVOID BufferAddress;
+} KSWAVE_BUFFER,*PKSWAVE_BUFFER;
+
+#define STATIC_KSMUSIC_TECHNOLOGY_PORT					\
+	0x86C92E60L,0x62E8,0x11CF,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("86C92E60-62E8-11CF-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSMUSIC_TECHNOLOGY_PORT);
+#define KSMUSIC_TECHNOLOGY_PORT DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSMUSIC_TECHNOLOGY_PORT)
+
+#define STATIC_KSMUSIC_TECHNOLOGY_SQSYNTH				\
+	0x0ECF4380L,0x62E9,0x11CF,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("0ECF4380-62E9-11CF-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSMUSIC_TECHNOLOGY_SQSYNTH);
+#define KSMUSIC_TECHNOLOGY_SQSYNTH DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSMUSIC_TECHNOLOGY_SQSYNTH)
+
+#define STATIC_KSMUSIC_TECHNOLOGY_FMSYNTH				\
+	0x252C5C80L,0x62E9,0x11CF,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("252C5C80-62E9-11CF-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSMUSIC_TECHNOLOGY_FMSYNTH);
+#define KSMUSIC_TECHNOLOGY_FMSYNTH DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSMUSIC_TECHNOLOGY_FMSYNTH)
+
+#define STATIC_KSMUSIC_TECHNOLOGY_WAVETABLE				\
+	0x394EC7C0L,0x62E9,0x11CF,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("394EC7C0-62E9-11CF-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSMUSIC_TECHNOLOGY_WAVETABLE);
+#define KSMUSIC_TECHNOLOGY_WAVETABLE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSMUSIC_TECHNOLOGY_WAVETABLE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSMUSIC_TECHNOLOGY_SWSYNTH				\
+	0x37407736L,0x3620,0x11D1,0x85,0xD3,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x75,0x43,0x80
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("37407736-3620-11D1-85D3-0000F8754380",KSMUSIC_TECHNOLOGY_SWSYNTH);
+#define KSMUSIC_TECHNOLOGY_SWSYNTH DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSMUSIC_TECHNOLOGY_SWSYNTH)
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_WaveTable					\
+	0x8539E660L,0x62E9,0x11CF,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("8539E660-62E9-11CF-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSPROPSETID_WaveTable);
+#define KSPROPSETID_WaveTable DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_WaveTable)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_WAVETABLE_LOAD_SAMPLE,
+  KSPROPERTY_WAVETABLE_UNLOAD_SAMPLE,
+  KSPROPERTY_WAVETABLE_MEMORY,
+  KSPROPERTY_WAVETABLE_VERSION
+} KSPROPERTY_WAVETABLE;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSDATARANGE DataRange;
+  GUID Technology;
+  ULONG Channels;
+  ULONG Notes;
+  ULONG ChannelMask;
+} KSDATARANGE_MUSIC,*PKSDATARANGE_MUSIC;
+
+#define STATIC_KSEVENTSETID_Cyclic					\
+	0x142C1AC0L,0x072A,0x11D0,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("142C1AC0-072A-11D0-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSEVENTSETID_Cyclic);
+#define KSEVENTSETID_Cyclic DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSEVENTSETID_Cyclic)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSEVENT_CYCLIC_TIME_INTERVAL
+} KSEVENT_CYCLIC_TIME;
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_Cyclic					\
+	0x3FFEAEA0L,0x2BEE,0x11CF,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("3FFEAEA0-2BEE-11CF-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSPROPSETID_Cyclic);
+#define KSPROPSETID_Cyclic DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_Cyclic)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_CYCLIC_POSITION
+} KSPROPERTY_CYCLIC;
+
+#define STATIC_KSEVENTSETID_AudioControlChange				\
+	0xE85E9698L,0xFA2F,0x11D1,0x95,0xBD,0x00,0xC0,0x4F,0xB9,0x25,0xD3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("E85E9698-FA2F-11D1-95BD-00C04FB925D3",KSEVENTSETID_AudioControlChange);
+#define KSEVENTSETID_AudioControlChange DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSEVENTSETID_AudioControlChange)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSEVENT_CONTROL_CHANGE
+} KSEVENT_AUDIO_CONTROL_CHANGE;
+
+#define STATIC_KSEVENTSETID_LoopedStreaming				\
+	0x4682B940L,0xC6EF,0x11D0,0x96,0xD8,0x00,0xAA,0x00,0x51,0xE5,0x1D
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("4682B940-C6EF-11D0-96D8-00AA0051E51D",KSEVENTSETID_LoopedStreaming);
+#define KSEVENTSETID_LoopedStreaming DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSEVENTSETID_LoopedStreaming)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSEVENT_LOOPEDSTREAMING_POSITION
+} KSEVENT_LOOPEDSTREAMING;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSEVENTDATA KsEventData;
+  DWORDLONG Position;
+} LOOPEDSTREAMING_POSITION_EVENT_DATA,*PLOOPEDSTREAMING_POSITION_EVENT_DATA;
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_Sysaudio					\
+	0xCBE3FAA0L,0xCC75,0x11D0,0xB4,0x65,0x00,0x00,0x1A,0x18,0x18,0xE6
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("CBE3FAA0-CC75-11D0-B465-00001A1818E6",KSPROPSETID_Sysaudio);
+#define KSPROPSETID_Sysaudio DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_Sysaudio)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_SYSAUDIO_DEVICE_COUNT = 1,
+  KSPROPERTY_SYSAUDIO_DEVICE_FRIENDLY_NAME = 2,
+  KSPROPERTY_SYSAUDIO_DEVICE_INSTANCE = 3,
+  KSPROPERTY_SYSAUDIO_DEVICE_INTERFACE_NAME = 4,
+  KSPROPERTY_SYSAUDIO_SELECT_GRAPH = 5,
+  KSPROPERTY_SYSAUDIO_CREATE_VIRTUAL_SOURCE = 6,
+  KSPROPERTY_SYSAUDIO_DEVICE_DEFAULT = 7,
+  KSPROPERTY_SYSAUDIO_INSTANCE_INFO = 14,
+  KSPROPERTY_SYSAUDIO_COMPONENT_ID = 16
+} KSPROPERTY_SYSAUDIO;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  GUID PinCategory;
+  GUID PinName;
+} SYSAUDIO_CREATE_VIRTUAL_SOURCE,*PSYSAUDIO_CREATE_VIRTUAL_SOURCE;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG PinId;
+  ULONG NodeId;
+  ULONG Flags;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+} SYSAUDIO_SELECT_GRAPH,*PSYSAUDIO_SELECT_GRAPH;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG Flags;
+  ULONG DeviceNumber;
+} SYSAUDIO_INSTANCE_INFO,*PSYSAUDIO_INSTANCE_INFO;
+
+#define SYSAUDIO_FLAGS_DONT_COMBINE_PINS	0x00000001
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_Sysaudio_Pin					\
+	0xA3A53220L,0xC6E4,0x11D0,0xB4,0x65,0x00,0x00,0x1A,0x18,0x18,0xE6
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("A3A53220-C6E4-11D0-B465-00001A1818E6",KSPROPSETID_Sysaudio_Pin);
+#define KSPROPSETID_Sysaudio_Pin DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_Sysaudio_Pin)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_SYSAUDIO_ATTACH_VIRTUAL_SOURCE = 1
+} KSPROPERTY_SYSAUDIO_PIN;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG MixerPinId;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+} SYSAUDIO_ATTACH_VIRTUAL_SOURCE,*PSYSAUDIO_ATTACH_VIRTUAL_SOURCE;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG NodeId;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+} KSNODEPROPERTY,*PKSNODEPROPERTY;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSNODEPROPERTY NodeProperty;
+  LONG Channel;
+  ULONG Reserved;
+} KSNODEPROPERTY_AUDIO_CHANNEL,*PKSNODEPROPERTY_AUDIO_CHANNEL;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSNODEPROPERTY NodeProperty;
+  ULONG DevSpecificId;
+  ULONG DeviceInfo;
+  ULONG Length;
+} KSNODEPROPERTY_AUDIO_DEV_SPECIFIC,*PKSNODEPROPERTY_AUDIO_DEV_SPECIFIC;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSNODEPROPERTY NodeProperty;
+  PVOID ListenerId;
+#ifndef _WIN64
+  ULONG Reserved;
+#endif
+} KSNODEPROPERTY_AUDIO_3D_LISTENER,*PKSNODEPROPERTY_AUDIO_3D_LISTENER;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSNODEPROPERTY NodeProperty;
+  PVOID AppContext;
+  ULONG Length;
+#ifndef _WIN64
+  ULONG Reserved;
+#endif
+} KSNODEPROPERTY_AUDIO_PROPERTY,*PKSNODEPROPERTY_AUDIO_PROPERTY;
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_AudioGfx					\
+	0x79a9312eL,0x59ae,0x43b0,0xa3,0x50,0x8b,0x5,0x28,0x4c,0xab,0x24
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("79A9312E-59AE-43b0-A350-8B05284CAB24",KSPROPSETID_AudioGfx);
+#define KSPROPSETID_AudioGfx DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_AudioGfx)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIOGFX_RENDERTARGETDEVICEID,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDIOGFX_CAPTURETARGETDEVICEID
+} KSPROPERTY_AUDIOGFX;
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_Linear					\
+	0x5A2FFE80L,0x16B9,0x11D0,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("5A2FFE80-16B9-11D0-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSPROPSETID_Linear);
+#define KSPROPSETID_Linear DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_Linear)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_LINEAR_POSITION
+} KSPROPERTY_LINEAR;
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_MUSIC					\
+	0xE725D360L,0x62CC,0x11CF,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("E725D360-62CC-11CF-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_MUSIC);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_MUSIC DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_MUSIC)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_MIDI					\
+	0x7364696DL,0x0000,0x0010,0x80,0x00,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0x38,0x9b,0x71
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("7364696D-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71",KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_MIDI);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_MIDI DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_MIDI)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MIDI				\
+	0x1D262760L,0xE957,0x11CF,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("1D262760-E957-11CF-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MIDI);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MIDI DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MIDI)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MIDI_BUS				\
+	0x2CA15FA0L,0x6CFE,0x11CF,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("2CA15FA0-6CFE-11CF-A5D6-28DB04C10000",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MIDI_BUS);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MIDI_BUS DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MIDI_BUS)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_RIFFMIDI				\
+	0x4995DAF0L,0x9EE6,0x11D0,0xA4,0x0E,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("4995DAF0-9EE6-11D0-A40E-00A0C9223196",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_RIFFMIDI);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_RIFFMIDI DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_RIFFMIDI)
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG TimeDeltaMs;
+
+  ULONG ByteCount;
+} KSMUSICFORMAT,*PKSMUSICFORMAT;
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_STANDARD_ELEMENTARY_STREAM		\
+	0x36523b11L,0x8ee5,0x11d1,0x8c,0xa3,0x00,0x60,0xb0,0x57,0x66,0x4a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("36523B11-8EE5-11d1-8CA3-0060B057664A",KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_STANDARD_ELEMENTARY_STREAM);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_STANDARD_ELEMENTARY_STREAM DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_STANDARD_ELEMENTARY_STREAM)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_STANDARD_PES_PACKET			\
+	0x36523b12L,0x8ee5,0x11d1,0x8c,0xa3,0x00,0x60,0xb0,0x57,0x66,0x4a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("36523B12-8EE5-11d1-8CA3-0060B057664A",KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_STANDARD_PES_PACKET);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_STANDARD_PES_PACKET DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_STANDARD_PES_PACKET)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_STANDARD_PACK_HEADER			\
+	0x36523b13L,0x8ee5,0x11d1,0x8c,0xa3,0x00,0x60,0xb0,0x57,0x66,0x4a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("36523B13-8EE5-11d1-8CA3-0060B057664A",KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_STANDARD_PACK_HEADER);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_STANDARD_PACK_HEADER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_STANDARD_PACK_HEADER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_STANDARD_MPEG1_VIDEO		\
+	0x36523b21L,0x8ee5,0x11d1,0x8c,0xa3,0x00,0x60,0xb0,0x57,0x66,0x4a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("36523B21-8EE5-11d1-8CA3-0060B057664A",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_STANDARD_MPEG1_VIDEO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_STANDARD_MPEG1_VIDEO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_STANDARD_MPEG1_VIDEO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_STANDARD_MPEG1_AUDIO		\
+	0x36523b22L,0x8ee5,0x11d1,0x8c,0xa3,0x00,0x60,0xb0,0x57,0x66,0x4a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("36523B22-8EE5-11d1-8CA3-0060B057664A",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_STANDARD_MPEG1_AUDIO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_STANDARD_MPEG1_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_STANDARD_MPEG1_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_STANDARD_MPEG2_VIDEO		\
+	0x36523b23L,0x8ee5,0x11d1,0x8c,0xa3,0x00,0x60,0xb0,0x57,0x66,0x4a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("36523B23-8EE5-11d1-8CA3-0060B057664A",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_STANDARD_MPEG2_VIDEO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_STANDARD_MPEG2_VIDEO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_STANDARD_MPEG2_VIDEO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_STANDARD_MPEG2_AUDIO		\
+	0x36523b24L,0x8ee5,0x11d1,0x8c,0xa3,0x00,0x60,0xb0,0x57,0x66,0x4a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("36523B24-8EE5-11d1-8CA3-0060B057664A",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_STANDARD_MPEG2_AUDIO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_STANDARD_MPEG2_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_STANDARD_MPEG2_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_STANDARD_AC3_AUDIO			\
+	0x36523b25L,0x8ee5,0x11d1,0x8c,0xa3,0x00,0x60,0xb0,0x57,0x66,0x4a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("36523B25-8EE5-11d1-8CA3-0060B057664A",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_STANDARD_AC3_AUDIO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_STANDARD_AC3_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_STANDARD_AC3_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DIALECT_MPEG1_VIDEO		\
+	0x36523b31L,0x8ee5,0x11d1,0x8c,0xa3,0x00,0x60,0xb0,0x57,0x66,0x4a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("36523B31-8EE5-11d1-8CA3-0060B057664A",KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DIALECT_MPEG1_VIDEO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DIALECT_MPEG1_VIDEO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DIALECT_MPEG1_VIDEO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DIALECT_MPEG1_AUDIO		\
+	0x36523b32L,0x8ee5,0x11d1,0x8c,0xa3,0x00,0x60,0xb0,0x57,0x66,0x4a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("36523B32-8EE5-11d1-8CA3-0060B057664A",KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DIALECT_MPEG1_AUDIO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DIALECT_MPEG1_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DIALECT_MPEG1_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DIALECT_MPEG2_VIDEO		\
+	0x36523b33L,0x8ee5,0x11d1,0x8c,0xa3,0x00,0x60,0xb0,0x57,0x66,0x4a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("36523B33-8EE5-11d1-8CA3-0060B057664A",KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DIALECT_MPEG2_VIDEO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DIALECT_MPEG2_VIDEO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DIALECT_MPEG2_VIDEO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DIALECT_MPEG2_AUDIO		\
+	0x36523b34L,0x8ee5,0x11d1,0x8c,0xa3,0x00,0x60,0xb0,0x57,0x66,0x4a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("36523B34-8EE5-11d1-8CA3-0060B057664A",KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DIALECT_MPEG2_AUDIO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DIALECT_MPEG2_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DIALECT_MPEG2_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DIALECT_AC3_AUDIO			\
+	0x36523b35L,0x8ee5,0x11d1,0x8c,0xa3,0x00,0x60,0xb0,0x57,0x66,0x4a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("36523B35-8EE5-11d1-8CA3-0060B057664A",KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DIALECT_AC3_AUDIO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DIALECT_AC3_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DIALECT_AC3_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_DSS_VIDEO				\
+	0xa0af4f81L,0xe163,0x11d0,0xba,0xd9,0x00,0x60,0x97,0x44,0x11,0x1a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("a0af4f81-e163-11d0-bad9-00609744111a",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_DSS_VIDEO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_DSS_VIDEO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_DSS_VIDEO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_DSS_AUDIO				\
+		0xa0af4f82L,0xe163,0x11d0,0xba,0xd9,0x00,0x60,0x97,0x44,0x11,0x1a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("a0af4f82-e163-11d0-bad9-00609744111a",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_DSS_AUDIO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_DSS_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_DSS_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG1Packet				\
+	0xe436eb80,0x524f,0x11ce,0x9f,0x53,0x00,0x20,0xaf,0x0b,0xa7,0x70
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("e436eb80-524f-11ce-9F53-0020af0ba770",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG1Packet);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG1Packet DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG1Packet)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG1Payload			\
+	0xe436eb81,0x524f,0x11ce,0x9f,0x53,0x00,0x20,0xaf,0x0b,0xa7,0x70
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("e436eb81-524f-11ce-9F53-0020af0ba770",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG1Payload);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG1Payload DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG1Payload)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG1Video				\
+	0xe436eb86,0x524f,0x11ce,0x9f,0x53,0x00,0x20,0xaf,0x0b,0xa7,0x70
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("e436eb86-524f-11ce-9f53-0020af0ba770",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG1Video);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG1Video DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG1Video)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_MPEG1_VIDEO			\
+	0x05589f82L,0xc356,0x11ce,0xbf,0x01,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0x55,0x59,0x5a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("05589f82-c356-11ce-bf01-00aa0055595a",KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_MPEG1_VIDEO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_MPEG1_VIDEO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_MPEG1_VIDEO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_MPEG2_PES				\
+	0xe06d8020L,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x5f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("e06d8020-db46-11cf-b4d1-00805f6cbbea",KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_MPEG2_PES);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_MPEG2_PES DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_MPEG2_PES)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_MPEG2_PROGRAM				\
+	0xe06d8022L,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x5f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("e06d8022-db46-11cf-b4d1-00805f6cbbea",KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_MPEG2_PROGRAM);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_MPEG2_PROGRAM DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_MPEG2_PROGRAM)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_MPEG2_TRANSPORT			\
+	0xe06d8023L,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x5f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("e06d8023-db46-11cf-b4d1-00805f6cbbea",KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_MPEG2_TRANSPORT);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_MPEG2_TRANSPORT DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_MPEG2_TRANSPORT)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG2_VIDEO				\
+	0xe06d8026L,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x5f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("e06d8026-db46-11cf-b4d1-00805f6cbbea",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG2_VIDEO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG2_VIDEO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG2_VIDEO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_MPEG2_VIDEO			\
+	0xe06d80e3L,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x5f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("e06d80e3-db46-11cf-b4d1-00805f6cbbea",KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_MPEG2_VIDEO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_MPEG2_VIDEO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_MPEG2_VIDEO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_Mpeg2Vid					\
+	0xC8E11B60L,0x0CC9,0x11D0,0xBD,0x69,0x00,0x35,0x05,0xC1,0x03,0xA9
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("C8E11B60-0CC9-11D0-BD69-003505C103A9",KSPROPSETID_Mpeg2Vid);
+#define KSPROPSETID_Mpeg2Vid DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_Mpeg2Vid)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_MPEG2VID_MODES,
+  KSPROPERTY_MPEG2VID_CUR_MODE,
+  KSPROPERTY_MPEG2VID_4_3_RECT,
+  KSPROPERTY_MPEG2VID_16_9_RECT,
+  KSPROPERTY_MPEG2VID_16_9_PANSCAN
+} KSPROPERTY_MPEG2VID;
+
+#define KSMPEGVIDMODE_PANSCAN	0x0001
+#define KSMPEGVIDMODE_LTRBOX	0x0002
+#define KSMPEGVIDMODE_SCALE	0x0004
+
+typedef struct _KSMPEGVID_RECT {
+  ULONG StartX;
+  ULONG StartY;
+  ULONG EndX;
+  ULONG EndY;
+} KSMPEGVID_RECT,*PKSMPEGVID_RECT;
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG2_AUDIO				\
+	0xe06d802bL,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x5f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("e06d802b-db46-11cf-b4d1-00805f6cbbea",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG2_AUDIO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG2_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_MPEG2_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_MPEG2_AUDIO			\
+	0xe06d80e5L,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x5f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("e06d80e5-db46-11cf-b4d1-00805f6cbbea",KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_MPEG2_AUDIO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_MPEG2_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_MPEG2_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_LPCM_AUDIO				\
+	0xe06d8032L,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x5f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("e06d8032-db46-11cf-b4d1-00805f6cbbea",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_LPCM_AUDIO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_LPCM_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_LPCM_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_LPCM_AUDIO			\
+	0xe06d80e6L,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x5f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("e06d80e6-db46-11cf-b4d1-00805f6cbbea",KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_LPCM_AUDIO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_LPCM_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_LPCM_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_AC3_AUDIO				\
+	0xe06d802cL,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x5f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("e06d802c-db46-11cf-b4d1-00805f6cbbea",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_AC3_AUDIO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_AC3_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_AC3_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_AC3_AUDIO				\
+	0xe06d80e4L,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x5f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("e06d80e4-db46-11cf-b4d1-00805f6cbbea",KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_AC3_AUDIO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_AC3_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_AC3_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_AC3						\
+	0xBFABE720L,0x6E1F,0x11D0,0xBC,0xF2,0x44,0x45,0x53,0x54,0x00,0x00
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("BFABE720-6E1F-11D0-BCF2-444553540000",KSPROPSETID_AC3);
+#define KSPROPSETID_AC3 DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_AC3)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_AC3_ERROR_CONCEALMENT = 1,
+  KSPROPERTY_AC3_ALTERNATE_AUDIO,
+  KSPROPERTY_AC3_DOWNMIX,
+  KSPROPERTY_AC3_BIT_STREAM_MODE,
+  KSPROPERTY_AC3_DIALOGUE_LEVEL,
+  KSPROPERTY_AC3_LANGUAGE_CODE,
+  KSPROPERTY_AC3_ROOM_TYPE
+} KSPROPERTY_AC3;
+
+typedef struct {
+  WINBOOL fRepeatPreviousBlock;
+  WINBOOL fErrorInCurrentBlock;
+} KSAC3_ERROR_CONCEALMENT,*PKSAC3_ERROR_CONCEALMENT;
+
+typedef struct {
+  WINBOOL fStereo;
+  ULONG DualMode;
+} KSAC3_ALTERNATE_AUDIO,*PKSAC3_ALTERNATE_AUDIO;
+
+#define KSAC3_ALTERNATE_AUDIO_1		1
+#define KSAC3_ALTERNATE_AUDIO_2		2
+#define KSAC3_ALTERNATE_AUDIO_BOTH	3
+
+typedef struct {
+  WINBOOL fDownMix;
+  WINBOOL fDolbySurround;
+} KSAC3_DOWNMIX,*PKSAC3_DOWNMIX;
+
+typedef struct {
+  LONG BitStreamMode;
+} KSAC3_BIT_STREAM_MODE,*PKSAC3_BIT_STREAM_MODE;
+
+#define KSAC3_SERVICE_MAIN_AUDIO	0
+#define KSAC3_SERVICE_NO_DIALOG		1
+#define KSAC3_SERVICE_VISUALLY_IMPAIRED	2
+#define KSAC3_SERVICE_HEARING_IMPAIRED	3
+#define KSAC3_SERVICE_DIALOG_ONLY	4
+#define KSAC3_SERVICE_COMMENTARY	5
+#define KSAC3_SERVICE_EMERGENCY_FLASH	6
+#define KSAC3_SERVICE_VOICE_OVER	7
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG DialogueLevel;
+} KSAC3_DIALOGUE_LEVEL,*PKSAC3_DIALOGUE_LEVEL;
+
+typedef struct {
+  WINBOOL fLargeRoom;
+} KSAC3_ROOM_TYPE,*PKSAC3_ROOM_TYPE;
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_DTS_AUDIO				\
+	0xe06d8033L,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x5f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("e06d8033-db46-11cf-b4d1-00805f6cbbea",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_DTS_AUDIO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_DTS_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_DTS_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_SDDS_AUDIO				\
+	0xe06d8034L,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x5f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("e06d8034-db46-11cf-b4d1-00805f6cbbea",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_SDDS_AUDIO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_SDDS_AUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_SDDS_AUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_AudioDecoderOut				\
+	0x6ca6e020L,0x43bd,0x11d0,0xbd,0x6a,0x00,0x35,0x05,0xc1,0x03,0xa9
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("6ca6e020-43bd-11d0-bd6a-003505c103a9",KSPROPSETID_AudioDecoderOut);
+#define KSPROPSETID_AudioDecoderOut DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_AudioDecoderOut)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDDECOUT_MODES,
+  KSPROPERTY_AUDDECOUT_CUR_MODE
+} KSPROPERTY_AUDDECOUT;
+
+#define KSAUDDECOUTMODE_STEREO_ANALOG	0x0001
+#define KSAUDDECOUTMODE_PCM_51		0x0002
+#define KSAUDDECOUTMODE_SPDIFF		0x0004
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_SUBPICTURE				\
+	0xe06d802dL,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x5f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("e06d802d-db46-11cf-b4d1-00805f6cbbea",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_SUBPICTURE);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_SUBPICTURE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_SUBPICTURE)
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_DvdSubPic					\
+	0xac390460L,0x43af,0x11d0,0xbd,0x6a,0x00,0x35,0x05,0xc1,0x03,0xa9
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("ac390460-43af-11d0-bd6a-003505c103a9",KSPROPSETID_DvdSubPic);
+#define KSPROPSETID_DvdSubPic DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_DvdSubPic)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_DVDSUBPIC_PALETTE,
+  KSPROPERTY_DVDSUBPIC_HLI,
+  KSPROPERTY_DVDSUBPIC_COMPOSIT_ON
+} KSPROPERTY_DVDSUBPIC;
+
+typedef struct _KS_DVD_YCrCb {
+  UCHAR Reserved;
+  UCHAR Y;
+  UCHAR Cr;
+  UCHAR Cb;
+} KS_DVD_YCrCb,*PKS_DVD_YCrCb;
+
+typedef struct _KS_DVD_YUV {
+  UCHAR Reserved;
+  UCHAR Y;
+  UCHAR V;
+  UCHAR U;
+} KS_DVD_YUV,*PKS_DVD_YUV;
+
+typedef struct _KSPROPERTY_SPPAL {
+  KS_DVD_YUV sppal[16];
+} KSPROPERTY_SPPAL,*PKSPROPERTY_SPPAL;
+
+typedef struct _KS_COLCON {
+  UCHAR emph1col:4;
+  UCHAR emph2col:4;
+  UCHAR backcol:4;
+  UCHAR patcol:4;
+  UCHAR emph1con:4;
+  UCHAR emph2con:4;
+  UCHAR backcon:4;
+  UCHAR patcon:4;
+} KS_COLCON,*PKS_COLCON;
+
+typedef struct _KSPROPERTY_SPHLI {
+  USHORT HLISS;
+  USHORT Reserved;
+  ULONG StartPTM;
+  ULONG EndPTM;
+  USHORT StartX;
+  USHORT StartY;
+  USHORT StopX;
+  USHORT StopY;
+  KS_COLCON ColCon;
+} KSPROPERTY_SPHLI,*PKSPROPERTY_SPHLI;
+
+typedef WINBOOL KSPROPERTY_COMPOSIT_ON,*PKSPROPERTY_COMPOSIT_ON;
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_CopyProt					\
+	0x0E8A0A40L,0x6AEF,0x11D0,0x9E,0xD0,0x00,0xA0,0x24,0xCA,0x19,0xB3
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("0E8A0A40-6AEF-11D0-9ED0-00A024CA19B3",KSPROPSETID_CopyProt);
+#define KSPROPSETID_CopyProt DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_CopyProt)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_DVDCOPY_CHLG_KEY = 0x01,
+  KSPROPERTY_DVDCOPY_DVD_KEY1,
+  KSPROPERTY_DVDCOPY_DEC_KEY2,
+  KSPROPERTY_DVDCOPY_TITLE_KEY,
+  KSPROPERTY_COPY_MACROVISION,
+  KSPROPERTY_DVDCOPY_REGION,
+  KSPROPERTY_DVDCOPY_SET_COPY_STATE,
+  KSPROPERTY_DVDCOPY_DISC_KEY = 0x80
+} KSPROPERTY_COPYPROT;
+
+typedef struct _KS_DVDCOPY_CHLGKEY {
+  BYTE ChlgKey[10];
+  BYTE Reserved[2];
+} KS_DVDCOPY_CHLGKEY,*PKS_DVDCOPY_CHLGKEY;
+
+typedef struct _KS_DVDCOPY_BUSKEY {
+  BYTE BusKey[5];
+  BYTE Reserved[1];
+} KS_DVDCOPY_BUSKEY,*PKS_DVDCOPY_BUSKEY;
+
+typedef struct _KS_DVDCOPY_DISCKEY {
+  BYTE DiscKey[2048];
+} KS_DVDCOPY_DISCKEY,*PKS_DVDCOPY_DISCKEY;
+
+typedef struct _KS_DVDCOPY_REGION {
+  UCHAR Reserved;
+  UCHAR RegionData;
+  UCHAR Reserved2[2];
+} KS_DVDCOPY_REGION,*PKS_DVDCOPY_REGION;
+
+typedef struct _KS_DVDCOPY_TITLEKEY {
+  ULONG KeyFlags;
+  ULONG ReservedNT[2];
+  UCHAR TitleKey[6];
+  UCHAR Reserved[2];
+} KS_DVDCOPY_TITLEKEY,*PKS_DVDCOPY_TITLEKEY;
+
+typedef struct _KS_COPY_MACROVISION {
+  ULONG MACROVISIONLevel;
+} KS_COPY_MACROVISION,*PKS_COPY_MACROVISION;
+
+typedef struct _KS_DVDCOPY_SET_COPY_STATE {
+  ULONG DVDCopyState;
+} KS_DVDCOPY_SET_COPY_STATE,*PKS_DVDCOPY_SET_COPY_STATE;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KS_DVDCOPYSTATE_INITIALIZE,
+  KS_DVDCOPYSTATE_INITIALIZE_TITLE,
+  KS_DVDCOPYSTATE_AUTHENTICATION_NOT_REQUIRED,
+  KS_DVDCOPYSTATE_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED,
+  KS_DVDCOPYSTATE_DONE
+} KS_DVDCOPYSTATE;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KS_MACROVISION_DISABLED,
+  KS_MACROVISION_LEVEL1,
+  KS_MACROVISION_LEVEL2,
+  KS_MACROVISION_LEVEL3
+} KS_COPY_MACROVISION_LEVEL,*PKS_COPY_MACROVISION_LEVEL;
+
+#define KS_DVD_CGMS_RESERVED_MASK	0x00000078
+
+#define KS_DVD_CGMS_COPY_PROTECT_MASK	0x00000018
+#define KS_DVD_CGMS_COPY_PERMITTED	0x00000000
+#define KS_DVD_CGMS_COPY_ONCE		0x00000010
+#define KS_DVD_CGMS_NO_COPY		0x00000018
+
+#define KS_DVD_COPYRIGHT_MASK		0x00000040
+#define KS_DVD_NOT_COPYRIGHTED		0x00000000
+#define KS_DVD_COPYRIGHTED		0x00000040
+
+#define KS_DVD_SECTOR_PROTECT_MASK	0x00000020
+#define KS_DVD_SECTOR_NOT_PROTECTED	0x00000000
+#define KS_DVD_SECTOR_PROTECTED		0x00000020
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_TVTUNER					\
+	0xa799a800L,0xa46d,0x11d0,0xa1,0x8c,0x00,0xa0,0x24,0x01,0xdc,0xd4
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("a799a800-a46d-11d0-a18c-00a02401dcd4",KSCATEGORY_TVTUNER);
+#define KSCATEGORY_TVTUNER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_TVTUNER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_CROSSBAR					\
+	0xa799a801L,0xa46d,0x11d0,0xa1,0x8c,0x00,0xa0,0x24,0x01,0xdc,0xd4
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("a799a801-a46d-11d0-a18c-00a02401dcd4",KSCATEGORY_CROSSBAR);
+#define KSCATEGORY_CROSSBAR DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_CROSSBAR)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_TVAUDIO					\
+	0xa799a802L,0xa46d,0x11d0,0xa1,0x8c,0x00,0xa0,0x24,0x01,0xdc,0xd4
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("a799a802-a46d-11d0-a18c-00a02401dcd4",KSCATEGORY_TVAUDIO);
+#define KSCATEGORY_TVAUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_TVAUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_VPMUX						\
+	0xa799a803L,0xa46d,0x11d0,0xa1,0x8c,0x00,0xa0,0x24,0x01,0xdc,0xd4
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("a799a803-a46d-11d0-a18c-00a02401dcd4",KSCATEGORY_VPMUX);
+#define KSCATEGORY_VPMUX DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_VPMUX)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_VBICODEC					\
+	0x07dad660L,0x22f1,0x11d1,0xa9,0xf4,0x00,0xc0,0x4f,0xbb,0xde,0x8f
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("07dad660-22f1-11d1-a9f4-00c04fbbde8f",KSCATEGORY_VBICODEC);
+#define KSCATEGORY_VBICODEC DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_VBICODEC)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_VPVideo				\
+	0x5a9b6a40L,0x1a22,0x11d1,0xba,0xd9,0x0,0x60,0x97,0x44,0x11,0x1a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("5a9b6a40-1a22-11d1-bad9-00609744111a",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_VPVideo);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_VPVideo DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_VPVideo)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_VPVBI				\
+	0x5a9b6a41L,0x1a22,0x11d1,0xba,0xd9,0x0,0x60,0x97,0x44,0x11,0x1a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("5a9b6a41-1a22-11d1-bad9-00609744111a",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_VPVBI);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_VPVBI DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_VPVBI)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_VIDEOINFO				\
+	0x05589f80L,0xc356,0x11ce,0xbf,0x01,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0x55,0x59,0x5a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("05589f80-c356-11ce-bf01-00aa0055595a",KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_VIDEOINFO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_VIDEOINFO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_VIDEOINFO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_VIDEOINFO2			\
+	0xf72a76A0L,0xeb0a,0x11d0,0xac,0xe4,0x00,0x00,0xc0,0xcc,0x16,0xba
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("f72a76A0-eb0a-11d0-ace4-0000c0cc16ba",KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_VIDEOINFO2);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_VIDEOINFO2 DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_VIDEOINFO2)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_ANALOGVIDEO				\
+	0x0482dde1L,0x7817,0x11cf,0x8a,0x03,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0x6e,0xcb,0x65
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("0482dde1-7817-11cf-8a03-00aa006ecb65",KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_ANALOGVIDEO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_ANALOGVIDEO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_ANALOGVIDEO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_ANALOGVIDEO			\
+	0x0482dde0L,0x7817,0x11cf,0x8a,0x03,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0x6e,0xcb,0x65
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("0482dde0-7817-11cf-8a03-00aa006ecb65",KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_ANALOGVIDEO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_ANALOGVIDEO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_ANALOGVIDEO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_ANALOGAUDIO				\
+	0x0482dee1L,0x7817,0x11cf,0x8a,0x03,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0x6e,0xcb,0x65
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("0482DEE1-7817-11cf-8a03-00aa006ecb65",KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_ANALOGAUDIO);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_ANALOGAUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_ANALOGAUDIO)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_VBI				\
+	0xf72a76e0L,0xeb0a,0x11d0,0xac,0xe4,0x00,0x00,0xc0,0xcc,0x16,0xba
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("f72a76e0-eb0a-11d0-ace4-0000c0cc16ba",KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_VBI);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_VBI DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_VBI)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_VBI					\
+	0xf72a76e1L,0xeb0a,0x11d0,0xac,0xe4,0x00,0x00,0xc0,0xcc,0x16,0xba
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("f72a76e1-eb0a-11d0-ace4-0000c0cc16ba",KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_VBI);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_VBI DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_VBI)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_RAW8				\
+	0xca20d9a0,0x3e3e,0x11d1,0x9b,0xf9,0x0,0xc0,0x4f,0xbb,0xde,0xbf
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("ca20d9a0-3e3e-11d1-9bf9-00c04fbbdebf",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_RAW8);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_RAW8 DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_RAW8)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_CC					\
+	0x33214cc1,0x11f,0x11d2,0xb4,0xb1,0x0,0xa0,0xd1,0x2,0xcf,0xbe
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("33214CC1-011F-11D2-B4B1-00A0D102CFBE",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_CC);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_CC DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_CC)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_NABTS				\
+	0xf72a76e2L,0xeb0a,0x11d0,0xac,0xe4,0x00,0x00,0xc0,0xcc,0x16,0xba
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("f72a76e2-eb0a-11d0-ace4-0000c0cc16ba",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_NABTS);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_NABTS DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_NABTS)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_TELETEXT				\
+	0xf72a76e3L,0xeb0a,0x11d0,0xac,0xe4,0x00,0x00,0xc0,0xcc,0x16,0xba
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("f72a76e3-eb0a-11d0-ace4-0000c0cc16ba",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_TELETEXT);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_TELETEXT DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_TELETEXT)
+
+#define KS_BI_RGB		0L
+#define KS_BI_RLE8		1L
+#define KS_BI_RLE4		2L
+#define KS_BI_BITFIELDS		3L
+
+typedef struct tagKS_RGBQUAD {
+  BYTE rgbBlue;
+  BYTE rgbGreen;
+  BYTE rgbRed;
+  BYTE rgbReserved;
+} KS_RGBQUAD,*PKS_RGBQUAD;
+
+#define KS_iPALETTE_COLORS	256
+#define KS_iEGA_COLORS		16
+#define KS_iMASK_COLORS		3
+#define KS_iTRUECOLOR		16
+#define KS_iRED			0
+#define KS_iGREEN		1
+#define KS_iBLUE		2
+#define KS_iPALETTE		8
+#define KS_iMAXBITS		8
+#define KS_SIZE_EGA_PALETTE	(KS_iEGA_COLORS *sizeof(KS_RGBQUAD))
+#define KS_SIZE_PALETTE		(KS_iPALETTE_COLORS *sizeof(KS_RGBQUAD))
+
+typedef struct tagKS_BITMAPINFOHEADER {
+  DWORD biSize;
+  LONG biWidth;
+  LONG biHeight;
+  WORD biPlanes;
+  WORD biBitCount;
+  DWORD biCompression;
+  DWORD biSizeImage;
+  LONG biXPelsPerMeter;
+  LONG biYPelsPerMeter;
+  DWORD biClrUsed;
+  DWORD biClrImportant;
+} KS_BITMAPINFOHEADER,*PKS_BITMAPINFOHEADER;
+
+typedef struct tag_KS_TRUECOLORINFO {
+  DWORD dwBitMasks[KS_iMASK_COLORS];
+  KS_RGBQUAD bmiColors[KS_iPALETTE_COLORS];
+} KS_TRUECOLORINFO,*PKS_TRUECOLORINFO;
+
+#define KS_WIDTHBYTES(bits)	((DWORD)(((bits)+31) & (~31)) / 8)
+#define KS_DIBWIDTHBYTES(bi)	(DWORD)KS_WIDTHBYTES((DWORD)(bi).biWidth *(DWORD)(bi).biBitCount)
+#define KS__DIBSIZE(bi)		(KS_DIBWIDTHBYTES(bi) *(DWORD)(bi).biHeight)
+#define KS_DIBSIZE(bi)		((bi).biHeight < 0 ? (-1)*(KS__DIBSIZE(bi)) : KS__DIBSIZE(bi))
+
+typedef LONGLONG REFERENCE_TIME;
+
+typedef struct tagKS_VIDEOINFOHEADER {
+  RECT rcSource;
+  RECT rcTarget;
+  DWORD dwBitRate;
+  DWORD dwBitErrorRate;
+  REFERENCE_TIME AvgTimePerFrame;
+  KS_BITMAPINFOHEADER bmiHeader;
+} KS_VIDEOINFOHEADER,*PKS_VIDEOINFOHEADER;
+
+typedef struct tagKS_VIDEOINFO {
+  RECT rcSource;
+  RECT rcTarget;
+  DWORD dwBitRate;
+  DWORD dwBitErrorRate;
+  REFERENCE_TIME AvgTimePerFrame;
+  KS_BITMAPINFOHEADER bmiHeader;
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union {
+    KS_RGBQUAD bmiColors[KS_iPALETTE_COLORS];
+    DWORD dwBitMasks[KS_iMASK_COLORS];
+    KS_TRUECOLORINFO TrueColorInfo;
+  };
+} KS_VIDEOINFO,*PKS_VIDEOINFO;
+
+#define KS_SIZE_MASKS			(KS_iMASK_COLORS *sizeof(DWORD))
+#define KS_SIZE_PREHEADER		(FIELD_OFFSET(KS_VIDEOINFOHEADER,bmiHeader))
+
+#define KS_SIZE_VIDEOHEADER(pbmi)	((pbmi)->bmiHeader.biSize + KS_SIZE_PREHEADER)
+
+typedef struct tagKS_VBIINFOHEADER {
+  ULONG StartLine;
+  ULONG EndLine;
+  ULONG SamplingFrequency;
+  ULONG MinLineStartTime;
+  ULONG MaxLineStartTime;
+  ULONG ActualLineStartTime;
+  ULONG ActualLineEndTime;
+  ULONG VideoStandard;
+  ULONG SamplesPerLine;
+  ULONG StrideInBytes;
+  ULONG BufferSize;
+} KS_VBIINFOHEADER,*PKS_VBIINFOHEADER;
+
+#define KS_VBIDATARATE_NABTS		(5727272L)
+#define KS_VBIDATARATE_CC		(503493L)
+#define KS_VBISAMPLINGRATE_4X_NABTS	((long)(4*KS_VBIDATARATE_NABTS))
+#define KS_VBISAMPLINGRATE_47X_NABTS	((long)(27000000))
+#define KS_VBISAMPLINGRATE_5X_NABTS	((long)(5*KS_VBIDATARATE_NABTS))
+
+#define KS_47NABTS_SCALER		(KS_VBISAMPLINGRATE_47X_NABTS/(double)KS_VBIDATARATE_NABTS)
+
+typedef struct tagKS_AnalogVideoInfo {
+  RECT rcSource;
+  RECT rcTarget;
+  DWORD dwActiveWidth;
+  DWORD dwActiveHeight;
+  REFERENCE_TIME AvgTimePerFrame;
+} KS_ANALOGVIDEOINFO,*PKS_ANALOGVIDEOINFO;
+
+#define KS_TVTUNER_CHANGE_BEGIN_TUNE	0x0001L
+#define KS_TVTUNER_CHANGE_END_TUNE	0x0002L
+
+typedef struct tagKS_TVTUNER_CHANGE_INFO {
+  DWORD dwFlags;
+  DWORD dwCountryCode;
+  DWORD dwAnalogVideoStandard;
+  DWORD dwChannel;
+} KS_TVTUNER_CHANGE_INFO,*PKS_TVTUNER_CHANGE_INFO;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KS_MPEG2Level_Low,
+  KS_MPEG2Level_Main,
+  KS_MPEG2Level_High1440,
+  KS_MPEG2Level_High
+} KS_MPEG2Level;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KS_MPEG2Profile_Simple,
+  KS_MPEG2Profile_Main,
+  KS_MPEG2Profile_SNRScalable,
+  KS_MPEG2Profile_SpatiallyScalable,
+  KS_MPEG2Profile_High
+} KS_MPEG2Profile;
+
+#define KS_INTERLACE_IsInterlaced		0x00000001
+#define KS_INTERLACE_1FieldPerSample		0x00000002
+#define KS_INTERLACE_Field1First		0x00000004
+#define KS_INTERLACE_UNUSED			0x00000008
+#define KS_INTERLACE_FieldPatternMask		0x00000030
+#define KS_INTERLACE_FieldPatField1Only		0x00000000
+#define KS_INTERLACE_FieldPatField2Only		0x00000010
+#define KS_INTERLACE_FieldPatBothRegular	0x00000020
+#define KS_INTERLACE_FieldPatBothIrregular	0x00000030
+#define KS_INTERLACE_DisplayModeMask		0x000000c0
+#define KS_INTERLACE_DisplayModeBobOnly		0x00000000
+#define KS_INTERLACE_DisplayModeWeaveOnly	0x00000040
+#define KS_INTERLACE_DisplayModeBobOrWeave	0x00000080
+
+#define KS_MPEG2_DoPanScan			0x00000001
+#define KS_MPEG2_DVDLine21Field1		0x00000002
+#define KS_MPEG2_DVDLine21Field2		0x00000004
+#define KS_MPEG2_SourceIsLetterboxed		0x00000008
+#define KS_MPEG2_FilmCameraMode			0x00000010
+#define KS_MPEG2_LetterboxAnalogOut		0x00000020
+#define KS_MPEG2_DSS_UserData			0x00000040
+#define KS_MPEG2_DVB_UserData			0x00000080
+#define KS_MPEG2_27MhzTimebase			0x00000100
+
+typedef struct tagKS_VIDEOINFOHEADER2 {
+  RECT rcSource;
+  RECT rcTarget;
+  DWORD dwBitRate;
+  DWORD dwBitErrorRate;
+  REFERENCE_TIME AvgTimePerFrame;
+  DWORD dwInterlaceFlags;
+  DWORD dwCopyProtectFlags;
+  DWORD dwPictAspectRatioX;
+  DWORD dwPictAspectRatioY;
+  DWORD dwReserved1;
+  DWORD dwReserved2;
+  KS_BITMAPINFOHEADER bmiHeader;
+} KS_VIDEOINFOHEADER2,*PKS_VIDEOINFOHEADER2;
+
+typedef struct tagKS_MPEG1VIDEOINFO {
+  KS_VIDEOINFOHEADER hdr;
+  DWORD dwStartTimeCode;
+  DWORD cbSequenceHeader;
+  BYTE bSequenceHeader[1];
+} KS_MPEG1VIDEOINFO,*PKS_MPEG1VIDEOINFO;
+
+#define KS_MAX_SIZE_MPEG1_SEQUENCE_INFO	140
+#define KS_SIZE_MPEG1VIDEOINFO(pv)	(FIELD_OFFSET(KS_MPEG1VIDEOINFO,bSequenceHeader[0]) + (pv)->cbSequenceHeader)
+#define KS_MPEG1_SEQUENCE_INFO(pv)	((const BYTE *)(pv)->bSequenceHeader)
+
+typedef struct tagKS_MPEGVIDEOINFO2 {
+  KS_VIDEOINFOHEADER2 hdr;
+  DWORD dwStartTimeCode;
+  DWORD cbSequenceHeader;
+  DWORD dwProfile;
+  DWORD dwLevel;
+  DWORD dwFlags;
+  DWORD bSequenceHeader[1];
+} KS_MPEGVIDEOINFO2,*PKS_MPEGVIDEOINFO2;
+
+#define KS_SIZE_MPEGVIDEOINFO2(pv)	(FIELD_OFFSET(KS_MPEGVIDEOINFO2,bSequenceHeader[0]) + (pv)->cbSequenceHeader)
+#define KS_MPEG1_SEQUENCE_INFO(pv)	((const BYTE *)(pv)->bSequenceHeader)
+
+#define KS_MPEGAUDIOINFO_27MhzTimebase	0x00000001
+
+typedef struct tagKS_MPEAUDIOINFO {
+  DWORD dwFlags;
+  DWORD dwReserved1;
+  DWORD dwReserved2;
+  DWORD dwReserved3;
+} KS_MPEGAUDIOINFO,*PKS_MPEGAUDIOINFO;
+
+typedef struct tagKS_DATAFORMAT_VIDEOINFOHEADER {
+  KSDATAFORMAT DataFormat;
+  KS_VIDEOINFOHEADER VideoInfoHeader;
+} KS_DATAFORMAT_VIDEOINFOHEADER,*PKS_DATAFORMAT_VIDEOINFOHEADER;
+
+typedef struct tagKS_DATAFORMAT_VIDEOINFOHEADER2 {
+  KSDATAFORMAT DataFormat;
+  KS_VIDEOINFOHEADER2 VideoInfoHeader2;
+} KS_DATAFORMAT_VIDEOINFOHEADER2,*PKS_DATAFORMAT_VIDEOINFOHEADER2;
+
+typedef struct tagKS_DATAFORMAT_VIDEOINFO_PALETTE {
+  KSDATAFORMAT DataFormat;
+  KS_VIDEOINFO VideoInfo;
+} KS_DATAFORMAT_VIDEOINFO_PALETTE,*PKS_DATAFORMAT_VIDEOINFO_PALETTE;
+
+typedef struct tagKS_DATAFORMAT_VBIINFOHEADER {
+  KSDATAFORMAT DataFormat;
+  KS_VBIINFOHEADER VBIInfoHeader;
+} KS_DATAFORMAT_VBIINFOHEADER,*PKS_DATAFORMAT_VBIINFOHEADER;
+
+typedef struct _KS_VIDEO_STREAM_CONFIG_CAPS {
+  GUID guid;
+  ULONG VideoStandard;
+  SIZE InputSize;
+  SIZE MinCroppingSize;
+  SIZE MaxCroppingSize;
+  int CropGranularityX;
+  int CropGranularityY;
+  int CropAlignX;
+  int CropAlignY;
+  SIZE MinOutputSize;
+  SIZE MaxOutputSize;
+  int OutputGranularityX;
+  int OutputGranularityY;
+  int StretchTapsX;
+  int StretchTapsY;
+  int ShrinkTapsX;
+  int ShrinkTapsY;
+  LONGLONG MinFrameInterval;
+  LONGLONG MaxFrameInterval;
+  LONG MinBitsPerSecond;
+  LONG MaxBitsPerSecond;
+} KS_VIDEO_STREAM_CONFIG_CAPS,*PKS_VIDEO_STREAM_CONFIG_CAPS;
+
+typedef struct tagKS_DATARANGE_VIDEO {
+  KSDATARANGE DataRange;
+  WINBOOL bFixedSizeSamples;
+  WINBOOL bTemporalCompression;
+  DWORD StreamDescriptionFlags;
+  DWORD MemoryAllocationFlags;
+  KS_VIDEO_STREAM_CONFIG_CAPS ConfigCaps;
+  KS_VIDEOINFOHEADER VideoInfoHeader;
+} KS_DATARANGE_VIDEO,*PKS_DATARANGE_VIDEO;
+
+typedef struct tagKS_DATARANGE_VIDEO2 {
+  KSDATARANGE DataRange;
+  WINBOOL bFixedSizeSamples;
+  WINBOOL bTemporalCompression;
+  DWORD StreamDescriptionFlags;
+  DWORD MemoryAllocationFlags;
+  KS_VIDEO_STREAM_CONFIG_CAPS ConfigCaps;
+  KS_VIDEOINFOHEADER2 VideoInfoHeader;
+} KS_DATARANGE_VIDEO2,*PKS_DATARANGE_VIDEO2;
+
+typedef struct tagKS_DATARANGE_MPEG1_VIDEO {
+  KSDATARANGE DataRange;
+  WINBOOL bFixedSizeSamples;
+  WINBOOL bTemporalCompression;
+  DWORD StreamDescriptionFlags;
+  DWORD MemoryAllocationFlags;
+  KS_VIDEO_STREAM_CONFIG_CAPS ConfigCaps;
+  KS_MPEG1VIDEOINFO VideoInfoHeader;
+} KS_DATARANGE_MPEG1_VIDEO,*PKS_DATARANGE_MPEG1_VIDEO;
+
+typedef struct tagKS_DATARANGE_MPEG2_VIDEO {
+  KSDATARANGE DataRange;
+  WINBOOL bFixedSizeSamples;
+  WINBOOL bTemporalCompression;
+  DWORD StreamDescriptionFlags;
+  DWORD MemoryAllocationFlags;
+  KS_VIDEO_STREAM_CONFIG_CAPS ConfigCaps;
+  KS_MPEGVIDEOINFO2 VideoInfoHeader;
+} KS_DATARANGE_MPEG2_VIDEO,*PKS_DATARANGE_MPEG2_VIDEO;
+
+typedef struct tagKS_DATARANGE_VIDEO_PALETTE {
+  KSDATARANGE DataRange;
+  WINBOOL bFixedSizeSamples;
+  WINBOOL bTemporalCompression;
+  DWORD StreamDescriptionFlags;
+  DWORD MemoryAllocationFlags;
+  KS_VIDEO_STREAM_CONFIG_CAPS ConfigCaps;
+  KS_VIDEOINFO VideoInfo;
+} KS_DATARANGE_VIDEO_PALETTE,*PKS_DATARANGE_VIDEO_PALETTE;
+
+typedef struct tagKS_DATARANGE_VIDEO_VBI {
+  KSDATARANGE DataRange;
+  WINBOOL bFixedSizeSamples;
+  WINBOOL bTemporalCompression;
+  DWORD StreamDescriptionFlags;
+  DWORD MemoryAllocationFlags;
+  KS_VIDEO_STREAM_CONFIG_CAPS ConfigCaps;
+  KS_VBIINFOHEADER VBIInfoHeader;
+} KS_DATARANGE_VIDEO_VBI,*PKS_DATARANGE_VIDEO_VBI;
+
+typedef struct tagKS_DATARANGE_ANALOGVIDEO {
+  KSDATARANGE DataRange;
+  KS_ANALOGVIDEOINFO AnalogVideoInfo;
+} KS_DATARANGE_ANALOGVIDEO,*PKS_DATARANGE_ANALOGVIDEO;
+
+#define KS_VIDEOSTREAM_PREVIEW		0x0001
+#define KS_VIDEOSTREAM_CAPTURE		0x0002
+#define KS_VIDEOSTREAM_VBI		0x0010
+#define KS_VIDEOSTREAM_NABTS		0x0020
+#define KS_VIDEOSTREAM_CC		0x0100
+#define KS_VIDEOSTREAM_EDS		0x0200
+#define KS_VIDEOSTREAM_TELETEXT		0x0400
+#define KS_VIDEOSTREAM_STILL		0x1000
+#define KS_VIDEOSTREAM_IS_VPE		0x8000
+
+#define KS_VIDEO_ALLOC_VPE_SYSTEM	0x0001
+#define KS_VIDEO_ALLOC_VPE_DISPLAY	0x0002
+#define KS_VIDEO_ALLOC_VPE_AGP		0x0004
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_VBICAP_PROPERTIES				\
+	0xf162c607,0x7b35,0x496f,0xad,0x7f,0x2d,0xca,0x3b,0x46,0xb7,0x18
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("F162C607-7B35-496f-AD7F-2DCA3B46B718",KSPROPSETID_VBICAP_PROPERTIES);
+#define KSPROPSETID_VBICAP_PROPERTIES DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_VBICAP_PROPERTIES)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_VBICAP_PROPERTIES_PROTECTION = 0x01
+} KSPROPERTY_VBICAP;
+
+typedef struct _VBICAP_PROPERTIES_PROTECTION_S {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG StreamIndex;
+  ULONG Status;
+} VBICAP_PROPERTIES_PROTECTION_S,*PVBICAP_PROPERTIES_PROTECTION_S;
+
+#define KS_VBICAP_PROTECTION_MV_PRESENT				0x0001L
+#define KS_VBICAP_PROTECTION_MV_HARDWARE			0x0002L
+#define KS_VBICAP_PROTECTION_MV_DETECTED			0x0004L
+
+#define KS_NABTS_GROUPID_ORIGINAL_CONTENT_BASE			0x800
+#define KS_NABTS_GROUPID_ORIGINAL_CONTENT_ADVERTISER_BASE	0x810
+
+#define KS_NABTS_GROUPID_PRODUCTION_COMPANY_CONTENT_BASE	0x820
+#define KS_NABTS_GROUPID_PRODUCTION_COMPANY_ADVERTISER_BASE	0x830
+
+#define KS_NABTS_GROUPID_SYNDICATED_SHOW_CONTENT_BASE		0x840
+#define KS_NABTS_GROUPID_SYNDICATED_SHOW_ADVERTISER_BASE	0x850
+
+#define KS_NABTS_GROUPID_NETWORK_WIDE_CONTENT_BASE		0x860
+#define KS_NABTS_GROUPID_NETWORK_WIDE_ADVERTISER_BASE		0x870
+
+#define KS_NABTS_GROUPID_TELEVISION_STATION_CONTENT_BASE	0x880
+#define KS_NABTS_GROUPID_TELEVISION_STATION_ADVERTISER_BASE	0x890
+
+#define KS_NABTS_GROUPID_LOCAL_CABLE_SYSTEM_CONTENT_BASE	0x8A0
+#define KS_NABTS_GROUPID_LOCAL_CABLE_SYSTEM_ADVERTISER_BASE	0x8B0
+
+#define KS_NABTS_GROUPID_MICROSOFT_RESERVED_TEST_DATA_BASE	0x8F0
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_NABTS					\
+	0xe757bca0,0x39ac,0x11d1,0xa9,0xf5,0x0,0xc0,0x4f,0xbb,0xde,0x8f
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("E757BCA0-39AC-11d1-A9F5-00C04FBBDE8F",KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_NABTS);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_NABTS DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_NABTS)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_NABTS_FEC				\
+	0xe757bca1,0x39ac,0x11d1,0xa9,0xf5,0x0,0xc0,0x4f,0xbb,0xde,0x8f
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("E757BCA1-39AC-11d1-A9F5-00C04FBBDE8F",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_NABTS_FEC);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_NABTS_FEC DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_NABTS_FEC)
+
+#define MAX_NABTS_VBI_LINES_PER_FIELD	11
+#define NABTS_LINES_PER_BUNDLE		16
+#define NABTS_PAYLOAD_PER_LINE		28
+#define NABTS_BYTES_PER_LINE		36
+
+typedef struct _NABTSFEC_BUFFER {
+  ULONG dataSize;
+  USHORT groupID;
+  USHORT Reserved;
+  UCHAR data[NABTS_LINES_PER_BUNDLE *NABTS_PAYLOAD_PER_LINE];
+} NABTSFEC_BUFFER,*PNABTSFEC_BUFFER;
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_VBICodecFiltering				\
+	0xcafeb0caL,0x8715,0x11d0,0xbd,0x6a,0x00,0x35,0xc0,0xed,0xba,0xbe
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("cafeb0ca-8715-11d0-bd6a-0035c0edbabe",KSPROPSETID_VBICodecFiltering);
+#define KSPROPSETID_VBICodecFiltering DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_VBICodecFiltering)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_SCANLINES_REQUESTED_BIT_ARRAY = 0x01,
+  KSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_SCANLINES_DISCOVERED_BIT_ARRAY,
+  KSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_SUBSTREAMS_REQUESTED_BIT_ARRAY,
+  KSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_SUBSTREAMS_DISCOVERED_BIT_ARRAY,
+  KSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS
+} KSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING;
+
+typedef struct _VBICODECFILTERING_SCANLINES {
+  DWORD DwordBitArray[32];
+} VBICODECFILTERING_SCANLINES,*PVBICODECFILTERING_SCANLINES;
+
+typedef struct _VBICODECFILTERING_NABTS_SUBSTREAMS {
+  DWORD SubstreamMask[128];
+} VBICODECFILTERING_NABTS_SUBSTREAMS,*PVBICODECFILTERING_NABTS_SUBSTREAMS;
+
+typedef struct _VBICODECFILTERING_CC_SUBSTREAMS {
+  DWORD SubstreamMask;
+} VBICODECFILTERING_CC_SUBSTREAMS,*PVBICODECFILTERING_CC_SUBSTREAMS;
+
+#define KS_CC_SUBSTREAM_ODD		0x0001L
+#define KS_CC_SUBSTREAM_EVEN		0x0002L
+
+#define KS_CC_SUBSTREAM_FIELD1_MASK	0x00F0L
+#define KS_CC_SUBSTREAM_SERVICE_CC1	0x0010L
+#define KS_CC_SUBSTREAM_SERVICE_CC2	0x0020L
+#define KS_CC_SUBSTREAM_SERVICE_T1	0x0040L
+#define KS_CC_SUBSTREAM_SERVICE_T2	0x0080L
+
+#define KS_CC_SUBSTREAM_FIELD2_MASK	0x1F00L
+#define KS_CC_SUBSTREAM_SERVICE_CC3	0x0100L
+#define KS_CC_SUBSTREAM_SERVICE_CC4	0x0200L
+#define KS_CC_SUBSTREAM_SERVICE_T3	0x0400L
+#define KS_CC_SUBSTREAM_SERVICE_T4	0x0800L
+#define KS_CC_SUBSTREAM_SERVICE_XDS	0x1000L
+
+#define CC_MAX_HW_DECODE_LINES		12
+typedef struct _CC_BYTE_PAIR {
+  BYTE Decoded[2];
+  USHORT Reserved;
+} CC_BYTE_PAIR,*PCC_BYTE_PAIR;
+
+typedef struct _CC_HW_FIELD {
+  VBICODECFILTERING_SCANLINES ScanlinesRequested;
+  ULONG fieldFlags;
+  LONGLONG PictureNumber;
+  CC_BYTE_PAIR Lines[CC_MAX_HW_DECODE_LINES];
+} CC_HW_FIELD,*PCC_HW_FIELD;
+
+#ifndef PACK_PRAGMAS_NOT_SUPPORTED
+#include <pshpack1.h>
+#endif
+typedef struct _NABTS_BUFFER_LINE {
+  BYTE Confidence;
+  BYTE Bytes[NABTS_BYTES_PER_LINE];
+} NABTS_BUFFER_LINE,*PNABTS_BUFFER_LINE;
+
+#define NABTS_BUFFER_PICTURENUMBER_SUPPORT	1
+typedef struct _NABTS_BUFFER {
+  VBICODECFILTERING_SCANLINES ScanlinesRequested;
+  LONGLONG PictureNumber;
+  NABTS_BUFFER_LINE NabtsLines[MAX_NABTS_VBI_LINES_PER_FIELD];
+} NABTS_BUFFER,*PNABTS_BUFFER;
+#ifndef PACK_PRAGMAS_NOT_SUPPORTED
+#include <poppack.h>
+#endif
+
+#define WST_TVTUNER_CHANGE_BEGIN_TUNE	0x1000L
+#define WST_TVTUNER_CHANGE_END_TUNE	0x2000L
+
+#define MAX_WST_VBI_LINES_PER_FIELD	17
+#define WST_BYTES_PER_LINE		42
+
+typedef struct _WST_BUFFER_LINE {
+  BYTE Confidence;
+  BYTE Bytes[WST_BYTES_PER_LINE];
+} WST_BUFFER_LINE,*PWST_BUFFER_LINE;
+
+typedef struct _WST_BUFFER {
+  VBICODECFILTERING_SCANLINES ScanlinesRequested;
+  WST_BUFFER_LINE WstLines[MAX_WST_VBI_LINES_PER_FIELD];
+} WST_BUFFER,*PWST_BUFFER;
+
+typedef struct _VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_COMMON {
+  DWORD InputSRBsProcessed;
+  DWORD OutputSRBsProcessed;
+  DWORD SRBsIgnored;
+  DWORD InputSRBsMissing;
+  DWORD OutputSRBsMissing;
+  DWORD OutputFailures;
+  DWORD InternalErrors;
+  DWORD ExternalErrors;
+  DWORD InputDiscontinuities;
+  DWORD DSPFailures;
+  DWORD TvTunerChanges;
+  DWORD VBIHeaderChanges;
+  DWORD LineConfidenceAvg;
+  DWORD BytesOutput;
+} VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_COMMON,*PVBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_COMMON;
+
+typedef struct _VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_COMMON_PIN {
+  DWORD SRBsProcessed;
+  DWORD SRBsIgnored;
+  DWORD SRBsMissing;
+  DWORD InternalErrors;
+  DWORD ExternalErrors;
+  DWORD Discontinuities;
+  DWORD LineConfidenceAvg;
+  DWORD BytesOutput;
+} VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_COMMON_PIN,*PVBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_COMMON_PIN;
+
+typedef struct _VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_NABTS {
+  VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_COMMON Common;
+  DWORD FECBundleBadLines;
+  DWORD FECQueueOverflows;
+  DWORD FECCorrectedLines;
+  DWORD FECUncorrectableLines;
+  DWORD BundlesProcessed;
+  DWORD BundlesSent2IP;
+  DWORD FilteredLines;
+} VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_NABTS,*PVBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_NABTS;
+
+typedef struct _VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_NABTS_PIN {
+  VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_COMMON_PIN Common;
+} VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_NABTS_PIN,*PVBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_NABTS_PIN;
+
+typedef struct _VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_CC {
+  VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_COMMON Common;
+} VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_CC,*PVBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_CC;
+
+typedef struct _VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_CC_PIN {
+  VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_COMMON_PIN Common;
+} VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_CC_PIN,*PVBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_CC_PIN;
+
+typedef struct _VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_TELETEXT {
+  VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_COMMON Common;
+} VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_TELETEXT,*PVBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_TELETEXT;
+
+typedef struct _VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_TELETEXT_PIN {
+  VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_COMMON_PIN Common;
+} VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_TELETEXT_PIN,*PVBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_TELETEXT_PIN;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  VBICODECFILTERING_SCANLINES Scanlines;
+} KSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_SCANLINES_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_SCANLINES_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  VBICODECFILTERING_NABTS_SUBSTREAMS Substreams;
+} KSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_NABTS_SUBSTREAMS_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_NABTS_SUBSTREAMS_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  VBICODECFILTERING_CC_SUBSTREAMS Substreams;
+} KSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_CC_SUBSTREAMS_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_CC_SUBSTREAMS_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_COMMON Statistics;
+} KSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_COMMON_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_COMMON_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_COMMON_PIN Statistics;
+} KSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_COMMON_PIN_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_COMMON_PIN_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_NABTS Statistics;
+} KSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_NABTS_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_NABTS_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_NABTS_PIN Statistics;
+} KSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_NABTS_PIN_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_NABTS_PIN_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_CC Statistics;
+} KSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_CC_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_CC_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_CC_PIN Statistics;
+} KSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_CC_PIN_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VBICODECFILTERING_STATISTICS_CC_PIN_S;
+
+#define STATIC_PINNAME_VIDEO_CAPTURE					\
+	0xfb6c4281,0x353,0x11d1,0x90,0x5f,0x0,0x0,0xc0,0xcc,0x16,0xba
+#define STATIC_PINNAME_CAPTURE STATIC_PINNAME_VIDEO_CAPTURE
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("FB6C4281-0353-11d1-905F-0000C0CC16BA",PINNAME_VIDEO_CAPTURE);
+#define PINNAME_VIDEO_CAPTURE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PINNAME_VIDEO_CAPTURE)
+#define PINNAME_CAPTURE PINNAME_VIDEO_CAPTURE
+
+#define STATIC_PINNAME_VIDEO_CC_CAPTURE					\
+	0x1aad8061,0x12d,0x11d2,0xb4,0xb1,0x0,0xa0,0xd1,0x2,0xcf,0xbe
+#define STATIC_PINNAME_CC_CAPTURE STATIC_PINNAME_VIDEO_CC_CAPTURE
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("1AAD8061-012D-11d2-B4B1-00A0D102CFBE",PINNAME_VIDEO_CC_CAPTURE);
+#define PINNAME_VIDEO_CC_CAPTURE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PINNAME_VIDEO_CC_CAPTURE)
+
+#define STATIC_PINNAME_VIDEO_NABTS_CAPTURE				\
+	0x29703660,0x498a,0x11d2,0xb4,0xb1,0x0,0xa0,0xd1,0x2,0xcf,0xbe
+#define STATIC_PINNAME_NABTS_CAPTURE STATIC_PINNAME_VIDEO_NABTS_CAPTURE
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("29703660-498A-11d2-B4B1-00A0D102CFBE",PINNAME_VIDEO_NABTS_CAPTURE);
+#define PINNAME_VIDEO_NABTS_CAPTURE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PINNAME_VIDEO_NABTS_CAPTURE)
+
+#define STATIC_PINNAME_VIDEO_PREVIEW					\
+	0xfb6c4282,0x353,0x11d1,0x90,0x5f,0x0,0x0,0xc0,0xcc,0x16,0xba
+#define STATIC_PINNAME_PREVIEW STATIC_PINNAME_VIDEO_PREVIEW
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("FB6C4282-0353-11d1-905F-0000C0CC16BA",PINNAME_VIDEO_PREVIEW);
+#define PINNAME_VIDEO_PREVIEW DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PINNAME_VIDEO_PREVIEW)
+#define PINNAME_PREVIEW PINNAME_VIDEO_PREVIEW
+
+#define STATIC_PINNAME_VIDEO_ANALOGVIDEOIN				\
+	0xfb6c4283,0x353,0x11d1,0x90,0x5f,0x0,0x0,0xc0,0xcc,0x16,0xba
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("FB6C4283-0353-11d1-905F-0000C0CC16BA",PINNAME_VIDEO_ANALOGVIDEOIN);
+#define PINNAME_VIDEO_ANALOGVIDEOIN DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PINNAME_VIDEO_ANALOGVIDEOIN)
+
+#define STATIC_PINNAME_VIDEO_VBI					\
+	0xfb6c4284,0x353,0x11d1,0x90,0x5f,0x0,0x0,0xc0,0xcc,0x16,0xba
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("FB6C4284-0353-11d1-905F-0000C0CC16BA",PINNAME_VIDEO_VBI);
+#define PINNAME_VIDEO_VBI DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PINNAME_VIDEO_VBI)
+
+#define STATIC_PINNAME_VIDEO_VIDEOPORT					\
+	0xfb6c4285,0x353,0x11d1,0x90,0x5f,0x0,0x0,0xc0,0xcc,0x16,0xba
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("FB6C4285-0353-11d1-905F-0000C0CC16BA",PINNAME_VIDEO_VIDEOPORT);
+#define PINNAME_VIDEO_VIDEOPORT DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PINNAME_VIDEO_VIDEOPORT)
+
+#define STATIC_PINNAME_VIDEO_NABTS					\
+	0xfb6c4286,0x353,0x11d1,0x90,0x5f,0x0,0x0,0xc0,0xcc,0x16,0xba
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("FB6C4286-0353-11d1-905F-0000C0CC16BA",PINNAME_VIDEO_NABTS);
+#define PINNAME_VIDEO_NABTS DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PINNAME_VIDEO_NABTS)
+
+#define STATIC_PINNAME_VIDEO_EDS					\
+	0xfb6c4287,0x353,0x11d1,0x90,0x5f,0x0,0x0,0xc0,0xcc,0x16,0xba
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("FB6C4287-0353-11d1-905F-0000C0CC16BA",PINNAME_VIDEO_EDS);
+#define PINNAME_VIDEO_EDS DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PINNAME_VIDEO_EDS)
+
+#define STATIC_PINNAME_VIDEO_TELETEXT					\
+	0xfb6c4288,0x353,0x11d1,0x90,0x5f,0x0,0x0,0xc0,0xcc,0x16,0xba
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("FB6C4288-0353-11d1-905F-0000C0CC16BA",PINNAME_VIDEO_TELETEXT);
+#define PINNAME_VIDEO_TELETEXT DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PINNAME_VIDEO_TELETEXT)
+
+#define STATIC_PINNAME_VIDEO_CC						\
+	0xfb6c4289,0x353,0x11d1,0x90,0x5f,0x0,0x0,0xc0,0xcc,0x16,0xba
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("FB6C4289-0353-11d1-905F-0000C0CC16BA",PINNAME_VIDEO_CC);
+#define PINNAME_VIDEO_CC DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PINNAME_VIDEO_CC)
+
+#define STATIC_PINNAME_VIDEO_STILL					\
+	0xfb6c428A,0x353,0x11d1,0x90,0x5f,0x0,0x0,0xc0,0xcc,0x16,0xba
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("FB6C428A-0353-11d1-905F-0000C0CC16BA",PINNAME_VIDEO_STILL);
+#define PINNAME_VIDEO_STILL DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PINNAME_VIDEO_STILL)
+
+#define STATIC_PINNAME_VIDEO_TIMECODE					\
+	0xfb6c428B,0x353,0x11d1,0x90,0x5f,0x0,0x0,0xc0,0xcc,0x16,0xba
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("FB6C428B-0353-11d1-905F-0000C0CC16BA",PINNAME_VIDEO_TIMECODE);
+#define PINNAME_VIDEO_TIMECODE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PINNAME_VIDEO_TIMECODE)
+
+#define STATIC_PINNAME_VIDEO_VIDEOPORT_VBI				\
+	0xfb6c428C,0x353,0x11d1,0x90,0x5f,0x0,0x0,0xc0,0xcc,0x16,0xba
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("FB6C428C-0353-11d1-905F-0000C0CC16BA",PINNAME_VIDEO_VIDEOPORT_VBI);
+#define PINNAME_VIDEO_VIDEOPORT_VBI DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PINNAME_VIDEO_VIDEOPORT_VBI)
+
+#define KS_VIDEO_FLAG_FRAME		0x0000L
+#define KS_VIDEO_FLAG_FIELD1		0x0001L
+#define KS_VIDEO_FLAG_FIELD2		0x0002L
+
+#define KS_VIDEO_FLAG_I_FRAME		0x0000L
+#define KS_VIDEO_FLAG_P_FRAME		0x0010L
+#define KS_VIDEO_FLAG_B_FRAME		0x0020L
+
+typedef struct tagKS_FRAME_INFO {
+  ULONG ExtendedHeaderSize;
+  DWORD dwFrameFlags;
+  LONGLONG PictureNumber;
+  LONGLONG DropCount;
+  HANDLE hDirectDraw;
+  HANDLE hSurfaceHandle;
+  RECT DirectDrawRect;
+
+  DWORD Reserved1;
+  DWORD Reserved2;
+  DWORD Reserved3;
+  DWORD Reserved4;
+} KS_FRAME_INFO,*PKS_FRAME_INFO;
+
+#define KS_VBI_FLAG_FIELD1		0x0001L
+#define KS_VBI_FLAG_FIELD2		0x0002L
+
+#define KS_VBI_FLAG_MV_PRESENT		0x0100L
+#define KS_VBI_FLAG_MV_HARDWARE		0x0200L
+#define KS_VBI_FLAG_MV_DETECTED		0x0400L
+
+#define KS_VBI_FLAG_TVTUNER_CHANGE	0x0010L
+#define KS_VBI_FLAG_VBIINFOHEADER_CHANGE 0x0020L
+
+typedef struct tagKS_VBI_FRAME_INFO {
+  ULONG ExtendedHeaderSize;
+  DWORD dwFrameFlags;
+  LONGLONG PictureNumber;
+  LONGLONG DropCount;
+  DWORD dwSamplingFrequency;
+  KS_TVTUNER_CHANGE_INFO TvTunerChangeInfo;
+  KS_VBIINFOHEADER VBIInfoHeader;
+} KS_VBI_FRAME_INFO,*PKS_VBI_FRAME_INFO;
+
+typedef enum
+{
+  KS_AnalogVideo_None = 0x00000000,
+  KS_AnalogVideo_NTSC_M = 0x00000001,
+  KS_AnalogVideo_NTSC_M_J = 0x00000002,
+  KS_AnalogVideo_NTSC_433 = 0x00000004,
+  KS_AnalogVideo_PAL_B = 0x00000010,
+  KS_AnalogVideo_PAL_D = 0x00000020,
+  KS_AnalogVideo_PAL_G = 0x00000040,
+  KS_AnalogVideo_PAL_H = 0x00000080,
+  KS_AnalogVideo_PAL_I = 0x00000100,
+  KS_AnalogVideo_PAL_M = 0x00000200,
+  KS_AnalogVideo_PAL_N = 0x00000400,
+  KS_AnalogVideo_PAL_60 = 0x00000800,
+  KS_AnalogVideo_SECAM_B = 0x00001000,
+  KS_AnalogVideo_SECAM_D = 0x00002000,
+  KS_AnalogVideo_SECAM_G = 0x00004000,
+  KS_AnalogVideo_SECAM_H = 0x00008000,
+  KS_AnalogVideo_SECAM_K = 0x00010000,
+  KS_AnalogVideo_SECAM_K1 = 0x00020000,
+  KS_AnalogVideo_SECAM_L = 0x00040000,
+  KS_AnalogVideo_SECAM_L1 = 0x00080000,
+  KS_AnalogVideo_PAL_N_COMBO = 0x00100000
+} KS_AnalogVideoStandard;
+
+#define KS_AnalogVideo_NTSC_Mask	0x00000007
+#define KS_AnalogVideo_PAL_Mask		0x00100FF0
+#define KS_AnalogVideo_SECAM_Mask	0x000FF000
+
+#define STATIC_PROPSETID_ALLOCATOR_CONTROL				\
+	0x53171960,0x148e,0x11d2,0x99,0x79,0x0,0x0,0xc0,0xcc,0x16,0xba
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("53171960-148E-11d2-9979-0000C0CC16BA",PROPSETID_ALLOCATOR_CONTROL);
+#define PROPSETID_ALLOCATOR_CONTROL DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PROPSETID_ALLOCATOR_CONTROL)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_ALLOCATOR_CONTROL_HONOR_COUNT,
+  KSPROPERTY_ALLOCATOR_CONTROL_SURFACE_SIZE,
+  KSPROPERTY_ALLOCATOR_CONTROL_CAPTURE_CAPS,
+  KSPROPERTY_ALLOCATOR_CONTROL_CAPTURE_INTERLEAVE
+} KSPROPERTY_ALLOCATOR_CONTROL;
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG CX;
+  ULONG CY;
+} KSPROPERTY_ALLOCATOR_CONTROL_SURFACE_SIZE_S,*PKSPROPERTY_ALLOCATOR_CONTROL_SURFACE_SIZE_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG InterleavedCapSupported;
+} KSPROPERTY_ALLOCATOR_CONTROL_CAPTURE_CAPS_S,*PKSPROPERTY_ALLOCATOR_CONTROL_CAPTURE_CAPS_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG InterleavedCapPossible;
+} KSPROPERTY_ALLOCATOR_CONTROL_CAPTURE_INTERLEAVE_S,*PKSPROPERTY_ALLOCATOR_CONTROL_CAPTURE_INTERLEAVE_S;
+
+#define STATIC_PROPSETID_VIDCAP_VIDEOPROCAMP				\
+	0xC6E13360L,0x30AC,0x11d0,0xa1,0x8c,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x11,0x89,0x56
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("C6E13360-30AC-11d0-A18C-00A0C9118956",PROPSETID_VIDCAP_VIDEOPROCAMP);
+#define PROPSETID_VIDCAP_VIDEOPROCAMP DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PROPSETID_VIDCAP_VIDEOPROCAMP)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_BRIGHTNESS,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_CONTRAST,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_HUE,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_SATURATION,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_SHARPNESS,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_GAMMA,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_COLORENABLE,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_WHITEBALANCE,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_BACKLIGHT_COMPENSATION,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_GAIN,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_DIGITAL_MULTIPLIER,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_DIGITAL_MULTIPLIER_LIMIT,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_WHITEBALANCE_COMPONENT,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_POWERLINE_FREQUENCY
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDCAP_VIDEOPROCAMP;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  LONG Value;
+  ULONG Flags;
+  ULONG Capabilities;
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSP_NODE NodeProperty;
+  LONG Value;
+  ULONG Flags;
+  ULONG Capabilities;
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_NODE_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_NODE_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  LONG Value1;
+  ULONG Flags;
+  ULONG Capabilities;
+  LONG Value2;
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_S2,*PKSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_S2;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSP_NODE NodeProperty;
+  LONG Value1;
+  ULONG Flags;
+  ULONG Capabilities;
+  LONG Value2;
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_NODE_S2,*PKSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_NODE_S2;
+
+#define KSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_FLAGS_AUTO	0X0001L
+#define KSPROPERTY_VIDEOPROCAMP_FLAGS_MANUAL	0X0002L
+
+#define STATIC_PROPSETID_VIDCAP_SELECTOR				\
+	0x1ABDAECA,0x68B6,0x4F83,0x93,0x71,0xB4,0x13,0x90,0x7C,0x7B,0x9F
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("1ABDAECA-68B6-4F83-9371-B413907C7B9F",PROPSETID_VIDCAP_SELECTOR);
+#define PROPSETID_VIDCAP_SELECTOR DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PROPSETID_VIDCAP_SELECTOR)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_SELECTOR_SOURCE_NODE_ID,
+  KSPROPERTY_SELECTOR_NUM_SOURCES
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDCAP_SELECTOR,*PKSPROPERTY_VIDCAP_SELECTOR;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  LONG Value;
+  ULONG Flags;
+  ULONG Capabilities;
+} KSPROPERTY_SELECTOR_S,*PKSPROPERTY_SELECTOR_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSP_NODE NodeProperty;
+  LONG Value;
+  ULONG Flags;
+  ULONG Capabilities;
+} KSPROPERTY_SELECTOR_NODE_S,*PKSPROPERTY_SELECTOR_NODE_S;
+
+#define STATIC_PROPSETID_TUNER						\
+	0x6a2e0605L,0x28e4,0x11d0,0xa1,0x8c,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x11,0x89,0x56
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("6a2e0605-28e4-11d0-a18c-00a0c9118956",PROPSETID_TUNER);
+#define PROPSETID_TUNER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PROPSETID_TUNER)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_TUNER_CAPS,
+  KSPROPERTY_TUNER_MODE_CAPS,
+  KSPROPERTY_TUNER_MODE,
+  KSPROPERTY_TUNER_STANDARD,
+  KSPROPERTY_TUNER_FREQUENCY,
+  KSPROPERTY_TUNER_INPUT,
+  KSPROPERTY_TUNER_STATUS,
+  KSPROPERTY_TUNER_IF_MEDIUM
+} KSPROPERTY_TUNER;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_TUNER_MODE_TV = 0X0001,
+  KSPROPERTY_TUNER_MODE_FM_RADIO = 0X0002,
+  KSPROPERTY_TUNER_MODE_AM_RADIO = 0X0004,
+  KSPROPERTY_TUNER_MODE_DSS = 0X0008,
+  KSPROPERTY_TUNER_MODE_ATSC = 0X0010
+} KSPROPERTY_TUNER_MODES;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KS_TUNER_TUNING_EXACT = 1,
+  KS_TUNER_TUNING_FINE,
+  KS_TUNER_TUNING_COARSE
+} KS_TUNER_TUNING_FLAGS;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KS_TUNER_STRATEGY_PLL = 0X01,
+  KS_TUNER_STRATEGY_SIGNAL_STRENGTH = 0X02,
+  KS_TUNER_STRATEGY_DRIVER_TUNES = 0X04
+} KS_TUNER_STRATEGY;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG ModesSupported;
+  KSPIN_MEDIUM VideoMedium;
+  KSPIN_MEDIUM TVAudioMedium;
+  KSPIN_MEDIUM RadioAudioMedium;
+} KSPROPERTY_TUNER_CAPS_S,*PKSPROPERTY_TUNER_CAPS_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  KSPIN_MEDIUM IFMedium;
+} KSPROPERTY_TUNER_IF_MEDIUM_S,*PKSPROPERTY_TUNER_IF_MEDIUM_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG Mode;
+  ULONG StandardsSupported;
+  ULONG MinFrequency;
+  ULONG MaxFrequency;
+  ULONG TuningGranularity;
+  ULONG NumberOfInputs;
+  ULONG SettlingTime;
+  ULONG Strategy;
+} KSPROPERTY_TUNER_MODE_CAPS_S,*PKSPROPERTY_TUNER_MODE_CAPS_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG Mode;
+} KSPROPERTY_TUNER_MODE_S,*PKSPROPERTY_TUNER_MODE_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG Frequency;
+  ULONG LastFrequency;
+  ULONG TuningFlags;
+  ULONG VideoSubChannel;
+  ULONG AudioSubChannel;
+  ULONG Channel;
+  ULONG Country;
+} KSPROPERTY_TUNER_FREQUENCY_S,*PKSPROPERTY_TUNER_FREQUENCY_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG Standard;
+} KSPROPERTY_TUNER_STANDARD_S,*PKSPROPERTY_TUNER_STANDARD_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG InputIndex;
+} KSPROPERTY_TUNER_INPUT_S,*PKSPROPERTY_TUNER_INPUT_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG CurrentFrequency;
+  ULONG PLLOffset;
+  ULONG SignalStrength;
+  ULONG Busy;
+} KSPROPERTY_TUNER_STATUS_S,*PKSPROPERTY_TUNER_STATUS_S;
+
+#define STATIC_EVENTSETID_TUNER						\
+	0x6a2e0606L,0x28e4,0x11d0,0xa1,0x8c,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x11,0x89,0x56
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("6a2e0606-28e4-11d0-a18c-00a0c9118956",EVENTSETID_TUNER);
+#define EVENTSETID_TUNER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(EVENTSETID_TUNER)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSEVENT_TUNER_CHANGED
+} KSEVENT_TUNER;
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_STREAMING				\
+	0xDFF229E1L,0xF70F,0x11D0,0xB9,0x17,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF229E1-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_STREAMING);
+#define KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_STREAMING DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_STREAMING)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_INPUT_TERMINAL				\
+	0xDFF229E2L,0xF70F,0x11D0,0xB9,0x17,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF229E2-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_INPUT_TERMINAL);
+#define KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_INPUT_TERMINAL DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_INPUT_TERMINAL)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_TERMINAL				\
+	0xDFF229E3L,0xF70F,0x11D0,0xB9,0x17,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF229E3-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_TERMINAL);
+#define KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_TERMINAL DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_TERMINAL)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_SELECTOR				\
+	0xDFF229E4L,0xF70F,0x11D0,0xB9,0x17,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF229E4-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_SELECTOR);
+#define KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_SELECTOR DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_SELECTOR)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_PROCESSING				\
+	0xDFF229E5L,0xF70F,0x11D0,0xB9,0x17,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF229E5-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_PROCESSING);
+#define KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_PROCESSING DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_PROCESSING)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_CAMERA_TERMINAL				\
+	0xDFF229E6L,0xF70F,0x11D0,0xB9,0x17,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF229E6-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_CAMERA_TERMINAL);
+#define KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_CAMERA_TERMINAL DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_CAMERA_TERMINAL)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_INPUT_MTT				\
+	0xDFF229E7L,0xF70F,0x11D0,0xB9,0x17,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF229E7-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_INPUT_MTT);
+#define KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_INPUT_MTT DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_INPUT_MTT)
+
+#define STATIC_KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_MTT				\
+	0xDFF229E8L,0xF70F,0x11D0,0xB9,0x17,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DFF229E8-F70F-11D0-B917-00A0C9223196",KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_MTT);
+#define KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_MTT DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSNODETYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_MTT)
+
+#define STATIC_PROPSETID_VIDCAP_VIDEOENCODER				\
+	0x6a2e0610L,0x28e4,0x11d0,0xa1,0x8c,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x11,0x89,0x56
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("6a2e0610-28e4-11d0-a18c-00a0c9118956",PROPSETID_VIDCAP_VIDEOENCODER);
+#define PROPSETID_VIDCAP_VIDEOENCODER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PROPSETID_VIDCAP_VIDEOENCODER)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOENCODER_CAPS,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOENCODER_STANDARD,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOENCODER_COPYPROTECTION,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOENCODER_CC_ENABLE
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDCAP_VIDEOENCODER;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  LONG Value;
+  ULONG Flags;
+  ULONG Capabilities;
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDEOENCODER_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VIDEOENCODER_S;
+
+#define STATIC_PROPSETID_VIDCAP_VIDEODECODER				\
+	0xC6E13350L,0x30AC,0x11d0,0xA1,0x8C,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x11,0x89,0x56
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("C6E13350-30AC-11d0-A18C-00A0C9118956",PROPSETID_VIDCAP_VIDEODECODER);
+#define PROPSETID_VIDCAP_VIDEODECODER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PROPSETID_VIDCAP_VIDEODECODER)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEODECODER_CAPS,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEODECODER_STANDARD,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEODECODER_STATUS,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEODECODER_OUTPUT_ENABLE,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEODECODER_VCR_TIMING
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDCAP_VIDEODECODER;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KS_VIDEODECODER_FLAGS_CAN_DISABLE_OUTPUT = 0X0001,
+  KS_VIDEODECODER_FLAGS_CAN_USE_VCR_LOCKING = 0X0002,
+  KS_VIDEODECODER_FLAGS_CAN_INDICATE_LOCKED = 0X0004
+} KS_VIDEODECODER_FLAGS;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG StandardsSupported;
+  ULONG Capabilities;
+  ULONG SettlingTime;
+  ULONG HSyncPerVSync;
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDEODECODER_CAPS_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VIDEODECODER_CAPS_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG NumberOfLines;
+  ULONG SignalLocked;
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDEODECODER_STATUS_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VIDEODECODER_STATUS_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG Value;
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDEODECODER_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VIDEODECODER_S;
+
+#define STATIC_EVENTSETID_VIDEODECODER					\
+	0x6a2e0621L,0x28e4,0x11d0,0xa1,0x8c,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x11,0x89,0x56
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("6a2e0621-28e4-11d0-a18c-00a0c9118956",EVENTSETID_VIDEODECODER);
+#define EVENTSETID_VIDEODECODER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(EVENTSETID_VIDEODECODER)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSEVENT_VIDEODECODER_CHANGED
+} KSEVENT_VIDEODECODER;
+
+#define STATIC_PROPSETID_VIDCAP_CAMERACONTROL				\
+	0xC6E13370L,0x30AC,0x11d0,0xa1,0x8C,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x11,0x89,0x56
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("C6E13370-30AC-11d0-A18C-00A0C9118956",PROPSETID_VIDCAP_CAMERACONTROL);
+#define PROPSETID_VIDCAP_CAMERACONTROL DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PROPSETID_VIDCAP_CAMERACONTROL)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_PAN,
+  KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_TILT,
+  KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_ROLL,
+  KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_ZOOM,
+  KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_EXPOSURE,
+  KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_IRIS,
+  KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_FOCUS,
+  KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_SCANMODE,
+  KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_PRIVACY,
+  KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_PANTILT,
+  KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_PAN_RELATIVE,
+  KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_TILT_RELATIVE,
+  KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_ROLL_RELATIVE,
+  KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_ZOOM_RELATIVE,
+  KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_EXPOSURE_RELATIVE,
+  KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_IRIS_RELATIVE,
+  KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_FOCUS_RELATIVE,
+  KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_PANTILT_RELATIVE,
+  KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_FOCAL_LENGTH
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDCAP_CAMERACONTROL;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  LONG Value;
+  ULONG Flags;
+  ULONG Capabilities;
+} KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_S,*PKSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSP_NODE NodeProperty;
+  LONG Value;
+  ULONG Flags;
+  ULONG Capabilities;
+} KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_NODE_S,PKSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_NODE_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  LONG Value1;
+  ULONG Flags;
+  ULONG Capabilities;
+  LONG Value2;
+} KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_S2,*PKSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_S2;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSP_NODE NodeProperty;
+  LONG Value1;
+  ULONG Flags;
+  ULONG Capabilities;
+  LONG Value2;
+} KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_NODE_S2,*PKSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_NODE_S2;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  LONG lOcularFocalLength;
+  LONG lObjectiveFocalLengthMin;
+  LONG lObjectiveFocalLengthMax;
+} KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_FOCAL_LENGTH_S,*PKSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_FOCAL_LENGTH_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSNODEPROPERTY NodeProperty;
+  LONG lOcularFocalLength;
+  LONG lObjectiveFocalLengthMin;
+  LONG lObjectiveFocalLengthMax;
+} KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_NODE_FOCAL_LENGTH_S,*PKSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_NODE_FOCAL_LENGTH_S;
+
+#define KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_FLAGS_AUTO	0X0001L
+#define KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_FLAGS_MANUAL	0X0002L
+
+#define KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_FLAGS_ABSOLUTE	0X0000L
+#define KSPROPERTY_CAMERACONTROL_FLAGS_RELATIVE	0X0010L
+
+#ifndef __EDevCtrl__
+#define __EDevCtrl__
+
+#define STATIC_PROPSETID_EXT_DEVICE					\
+	0xB5730A90L,0x1A2C,0x11cf,0x8c,0x23,0x00,0xAA,0x00,0x6B,0x68,0x14
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("B5730A90-1A2C-11cf-8C23-00AA006B6814",PROPSETID_EXT_DEVICE);
+#define PROPSETID_EXT_DEVICE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PROPSETID_EXT_DEVICE)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_EXTDEVICE_ID,
+  KSPROPERTY_EXTDEVICE_VERSION,
+  KSPROPERTY_EXTDEVICE_POWER_STATE,
+  KSPROPERTY_EXTDEVICE_PORT,
+  KSPROPERTY_EXTDEVICE_CAPABILITIES
+} KSPROPERTY_EXTDEVICE;
+
+typedef struct tagDEVCAPS{
+  LONG CanRecord;
+  LONG CanRecordStrobe;
+  LONG HasAudio;
+  LONG HasVideo;
+  LONG UsesFiles;
+  LONG CanSave;
+  LONG DeviceType;
+  LONG TCRead;
+  LONG TCWrite;
+  LONG CTLRead;
+  LONG IndexRead;
+  LONG Preroll;
+  LONG Postroll;
+  LONG SyncAcc;
+  LONG NormRate;
+  LONG CanPreview;
+  LONG CanMonitorSrc;
+  LONG CanTest;
+  LONG VideoIn;
+  LONG AudioIn;
+  LONG Calibrate;
+  LONG SeekType;
+  LONG SimulatedHardware;
+} DEVCAPS,*PDEVCAPS;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  union {
+    DEVCAPS Capabilities;
+    ULONG DevPort;
+    ULONG PowerState;
+    WCHAR pawchString[MAX_PATH];
+    DWORD NodeUniqueID[2];
+  } u;
+} KSPROPERTY_EXTDEVICE_S,*PKSPROPERTY_EXTDEVICE_S;
+
+#define STATIC_PROPSETID_EXT_TRANSPORT					\
+	0xA03CD5F0L,0x3045,0x11cf,0x8c,0x44,0x00,0xAA,0x00,0x6B,0x68,0x14
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("A03CD5F0-3045-11cf-8C44-00AA006B6814",PROPSETID_EXT_TRANSPORT);
+#define PROPSETID_EXT_TRANSPORT DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PROPSETID_EXT_TRANSPORT)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_EXTXPORT_CAPABILITIES,
+  KSPROPERTY_EXTXPORT_INPUT_SIGNAL_MODE,
+  KSPROPERTY_EXTXPORT_OUTPUT_SIGNAL_MODE,
+  KSPROPERTY_EXTXPORT_LOAD_MEDIUM,
+  KSPROPERTY_EXTXPORT_MEDIUM_INFO,
+  KSPROPERTY_EXTXPORT_STATE,
+  KSPROPERTY_EXTXPORT_STATE_NOTIFY,
+  KSPROPERTY_EXTXPORT_TIMECODE_SEARCH,
+  KSPROPERTY_EXTXPORT_ATN_SEARCH,
+  KSPROPERTY_EXTXPORT_RTC_SEARCH,
+  KSPROPERTY_RAW_AVC_CMD
+} KSPROPERTY_EXTXPORT;
+
+typedef struct tagTRANSPORTSTATUS {
+  LONG Mode;
+  LONG LastError;
+  LONG RecordInhibit;
+  LONG ServoLock;
+  LONG MediaPresent;
+  LONG MediaLength;
+  LONG MediaSize;
+  LONG MediaTrackCount;
+  LONG MediaTrackLength;
+  LONG MediaTrackSide;
+  LONG MediaType;
+  LONG LinkMode;
+  LONG NotifyOn;
+} TRANSPORTSTATUS,*PTRANSPORTSTATUS;
+
+typedef struct tagTRANSPORTBASICPARMS {
+  LONG TimeFormat;
+  LONG TimeReference;
+  LONG Superimpose;
+  LONG EndStopAction;
+  LONG RecordFormat;
+  LONG StepFrames;
+  LONG SetpField;
+  LONG Preroll;
+  LONG RecPreroll;
+  LONG Postroll;
+  LONG EditDelay;
+  LONG PlayTCDelay;
+  LONG RecTCDelay;
+  LONG EditField;
+  LONG FrameServo;
+  LONG ColorFrameServo;
+  LONG ServoRef;
+  LONG WarnGenlock;
+  LONG SetTracking;
+  TCHAR VolumeName[40];
+  LONG Ballistic[20];
+  LONG Speed;
+  LONG CounterFormat;
+  LONG TunerChannel;
+  LONG TunerNumber;
+  LONG TimerEvent;
+  LONG TimerStartDay;
+  LONG TimerStartTime;
+  LONG TimerStopDay;
+  LONG TimerStopTime;
+} TRANSPORTBASICPARMS,*PTRANSPORTBASICPARMS;
+
+typedef struct tagTRANSPORTVIDEOPARMS {
+  LONG OutputMode;
+  LONG Input;
+} TRANSPORTVIDEOPARMS,*PTRANSPORTVIDEOPARMS;
+
+typedef struct tagTRANSPORTAUDIOPARMS {
+  LONG EnableOutput;
+  LONG EnableRecord;
+  LONG EnableSelsync;
+  LONG Input;
+  LONG MonitorSource;
+} TRANSPORTAUDIOPARMS,*PTRANSPORTAUDIOPARMS;
+
+typedef struct {
+  WINBOOL MediaPresent;
+  ULONG MediaType;
+  WINBOOL RecordInhibit;
+} MEDIUM_INFO,*PMEDIUM_INFO;
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG Mode;
+  ULONG State;
+} TRANSPORT_STATE,*PTRANSPORT_STATE;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  union {
+    ULONG Capabilities;
+    ULONG SignalMode;
+    ULONG LoadMedium;
+    MEDIUM_INFO MediumInfo;
+    TRANSPORT_STATE XPrtState;
+    struct {
+      BYTE frame;
+      BYTE second;
+      BYTE minute;
+      BYTE hour;
+    } Timecode;
+    DWORD dwTimecode;
+    DWORD dwAbsTrackNumber;
+    struct {
+      ULONG PayloadSize;
+      BYTE Payload[512];
+    } RawAVC;
+  } u;
+} KSPROPERTY_EXTXPORT_S,*PKSPROPERTY_EXTXPORT_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSP_NODE NodeProperty;
+  union {
+    ULONG Capabilities;
+    ULONG SignalMode;
+    ULONG LoadMedium;
+    MEDIUM_INFO MediumInfo;
+    TRANSPORT_STATE XPrtState;
+    struct {
+      BYTE frame;
+      BYTE second;
+      BYTE minute;
+      BYTE hour;
+    } Timecode;
+    DWORD dwTimecode;
+    DWORD dwAbsTrackNumber;
+    struct {
+      ULONG PayloadSize;
+      BYTE Payload[512];
+    } RawAVC;
+  } u;
+} KSPROPERTY_EXTXPORT_NODE_S,*PKSPROPERTY_EXTXPORT_NODE_S;
+
+#define STATIC_PROPSETID_TIMECODE_READER				\
+	0x9B496CE1L,0x811B,0x11cf,0x8C,0x77,0x00,0xAA,0x00,0x6B,0x68,0x14
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("9B496CE1-811B-11cf-8C77-00AA006B6814",PROPSETID_TIMECODE_READER);
+#define PROPSETID_TIMECODE_READER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PROPSETID_TIMECODE_READER)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_TIMECODE_READER,
+  KSPROPERTY_ATN_READER,
+  KSPROPERTY_RTC_READER
+} KSPROPERTY_TIMECODE;
+
+#ifndef TIMECODE_DEFINED
+#define TIMECODE_DEFINED
+typedef union _timecode {
+  struct {
+    WORD wFrameRate;
+    WORD wFrameFract;
+    DWORD dwFrames;
+  };
+  DWORDLONG qw;
+} TIMECODE;
+typedef TIMECODE *PTIMECODE;
+
+typedef struct tagTIMECODE_SAMPLE {
+  LONGLONG qwTick;
+  TIMECODE timecode;
+  DWORD dwUser;
+  DWORD dwFlags;
+} TIMECODE_SAMPLE;
+
+typedef TIMECODE_SAMPLE *PTIMECODE_SAMPLE;
+#endif /* TIMECODE_DEFINED */
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  TIMECODE_SAMPLE TimecodeSamp;
+} KSPROPERTY_TIMECODE_S,*PKSPROPERTY_TIMECODE_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSP_NODE NodeProperty;
+  TIMECODE_SAMPLE TimecodeSamp;
+} KSPROPERTY_TIMECODE_NODE_S,*PKSPROPERTY_TIMECODE_NODE_S;
+
+#define STATIC_KSEVENTSETID_EXTDEV_Command				\
+	0x109c7988L,0xb3cb,0x11d2,0xb4,0x8e,0x00,0x60,0x97,0xb3,0x39,0x1b
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("109c7988-b3cb-11d2-b48e-006097b3391b",KSEVENTSETID_EXTDEV_Command);
+#define KSEVENTSETID_EXTDEV_Command DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSEVENTSETID_EXTDEV_Command)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSEVENT_EXTDEV_COMMAND_NOTIFY_INTERIM_READY,
+  KSEVENT_EXTDEV_COMMAND_CONTROL_INTERIM_READY,
+  KSEVENT_EXTDEV_COMMAND_BUSRESET,
+  KSEVENT_EXTDEV_TIMECODE_UPDATE,
+  KSEVENT_EXTDEV_OPERATION_MODE_UPDATE,
+  KSEVENT_EXTDEV_TRANSPORT_STATE_UPDATE,
+  KSEVENT_EXTDEV_NOTIFY_REMOVAL,
+  KSEVENT_EXTDEV_NOTIFY_MEDIUM_CHANGE
+} KSEVENT_DEVCMD;
+#endif /* __EDevCtrl__ */
+
+#define STATIC_PROPSETID_VIDCAP_CROSSBAR				\
+	0x6a2e0640L,0x28e4,0x11d0,0xa1,0x8c,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x11,0x89,0x56
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("6a2e0640-28e4-11d0-a18c-00a0c9118956",PROPSETID_VIDCAP_CROSSBAR);
+#define PROPSETID_VIDCAP_CROSSBAR DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PROPSETID_VIDCAP_CROSSBAR)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_CROSSBAR_CAPS,
+  KSPROPERTY_CROSSBAR_PININFO,
+  KSPROPERTY_CROSSBAR_CAN_ROUTE,
+  KSPROPERTY_CROSSBAR_ROUTE
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDCAP_CROSSBAR;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG NumberOfInputs;
+  ULONG NumberOfOutputs;
+} KSPROPERTY_CROSSBAR_CAPS_S,*PKSPROPERTY_CROSSBAR_CAPS_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  KSPIN_DATAFLOW Direction;
+  ULONG Index;
+  ULONG PinType;
+  ULONG RelatedPinIndex;
+  KSPIN_MEDIUM Medium;
+} KSPROPERTY_CROSSBAR_PININFO_S,*PKSPROPERTY_CROSSBAR_PININFO_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG IndexInputPin;
+  ULONG IndexOutputPin;
+  ULONG CanRoute;
+} KSPROPERTY_CROSSBAR_ROUTE_S,*PKSPROPERTY_CROSSBAR_ROUTE_S;
+
+#define STATIC_EVENTSETID_CROSSBAR					\
+	0x6a2e0641L,0x28e4,0x11d0,0xa1,0x8c,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x11,0x89,0x56
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("6a2e0641-28e4-11d0-a18c-00a0c9118956",EVENTSETID_CROSSBAR);
+#define EVENTSETID_CROSSBAR DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(EVENTSETID_CROSSBAR)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSEVENT_CROSSBAR_CHANGED
+} KSEVENT_CROSSBAR;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KS_PhysConn_Video_Tuner = 1,
+  KS_PhysConn_Video_Composite,
+  KS_PhysConn_Video_SVideo,
+  KS_PhysConn_Video_RGB,
+  KS_PhysConn_Video_YRYBY,
+  KS_PhysConn_Video_SerialDigital,
+  KS_PhysConn_Video_ParallelDigital,
+  KS_PhysConn_Video_SCSI,
+  KS_PhysConn_Video_AUX,
+  KS_PhysConn_Video_1394,
+  KS_PhysConn_Video_USB,
+  KS_PhysConn_Video_VideoDecoder,
+  KS_PhysConn_Video_VideoEncoder,
+  KS_PhysConn_Video_SCART,
+  KS_PhysConn_Audio_Tuner = 4096,
+  KS_PhysConn_Audio_Line,
+  KS_PhysConn_Audio_Mic,
+  KS_PhysConn_Audio_AESDigital,
+  KS_PhysConn_Audio_SPDIFDigital,
+  KS_PhysConn_Audio_SCSI,
+  KS_PhysConn_Audio_AUX,
+  KS_PhysConn_Audio_1394,
+  KS_PhysConn_Audio_USB,
+  KS_PhysConn_Audio_AudioDecoder
+} KS_PhysicalConnectorType;
+
+#define STATIC_PROPSETID_VIDCAP_TVAUDIO					\
+	0x6a2e0650L,0x28e4,0x11d0,0xa1,0x8c,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x11,0x89,0x56
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("6a2e0650-28e4-11d0-a18c-00a0c9118956",PROPSETID_VIDCAP_TVAUDIO);
+#define PROPSETID_VIDCAP_TVAUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PROPSETID_VIDCAP_TVAUDIO)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_TVAUDIO_CAPS,
+  KSPROPERTY_TVAUDIO_MODE,
+  KSPROPERTY_TVAUDIO_CURRENTLY_AVAILABLE_MODES
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDCAP_TVAUDIO;
+
+#define KS_TVAUDIO_MODE_MONO	0x0001
+#define KS_TVAUDIO_MODE_STEREO	0x0002
+#define KS_TVAUDIO_MODE_LANG_A	0x0010
+#define KS_TVAUDIO_MODE_LANG_B	0x0020
+#define KS_TVAUDIO_MODE_LANG_C	0x0040
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG Capabilities;
+  KSPIN_MEDIUM InputMedium;
+  KSPIN_MEDIUM OutputMedium;
+} KSPROPERTY_TVAUDIO_CAPS_S,*PKSPROPERTY_TVAUDIO_CAPS_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG Mode;
+} KSPROPERTY_TVAUDIO_S,*PKSPROPERTY_TVAUDIO_S;
+
+#define STATIC_KSEVENTSETID_VIDCAP_TVAUDIO				\
+	0x6a2e0651L,0x28e4,0x11d0,0xa1,0x8c,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x11,0x89,0x56
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("6a2e0651-28e4-11d0-a18c-00a0c9118956",KSEVENTSETID_VIDCAP_TVAUDIO);
+#define KSEVENTSETID_VIDCAP_TVAUDIO DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSEVENTSETID_VIDCAP_TVAUDIO)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSEVENT_TVAUDIO_CHANGED
+} KSEVENT_TVAUDIO;
+
+#define STATIC_PROPSETID_VIDCAP_VIDEOCOMPRESSION			\
+	0xC6E13343L,0x30AC,0x11d0,0xA1,0x8C,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x11,0x89,0x56
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("C6E13343-30AC-11d0-A18C-00A0C9118956",PROPSETID_VIDCAP_VIDEOCOMPRESSION);
+#define PROPSETID_VIDCAP_VIDEOCOMPRESSION DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PROPSETID_VIDCAP_VIDEOCOMPRESSION)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOCOMPRESSION_GETINFO,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOCOMPRESSION_KEYFRAME_RATE,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOCOMPRESSION_PFRAMES_PER_KEYFRAME,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOCOMPRESSION_QUALITY,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOCOMPRESSION_OVERRIDE_KEYFRAME,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOCOMPRESSION_OVERRIDE_FRAME_SIZE,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOCOMPRESSION_WINDOWSIZE
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDCAP_VIDEOCOMPRESSION;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KS_CompressionCaps_CanQuality = 1,
+  KS_CompressionCaps_CanCrunch = 2,
+  KS_CompressionCaps_CanKeyFrame = 4,
+  KS_CompressionCaps_CanBFrame = 8,
+  KS_CompressionCaps_CanWindow = 0x10
+} KS_CompressionCaps;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KS_StreamingHint_FrameInterval = 0x0100,
+  KS_StreamingHint_KeyFrameRate = 0x0200,
+  KS_StreamingHint_PFrameRate = 0x0400,
+  KS_StreamingHint_CompQuality = 0x0800,
+  KS_StreamingHint_CompWindowSize = 0x1000
+} KS_VideoStreamingHints;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG StreamIndex;
+  LONG DefaultKeyFrameRate;
+  LONG DefaultPFrameRate;
+  LONG DefaultQuality;
+  LONG NumberOfQualitySettings;
+  LONG Capabilities;
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDEOCOMPRESSION_GETINFO_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VIDEOCOMPRESSION_GETINFO_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG StreamIndex;
+  LONG Value;
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDEOCOMPRESSION_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VIDEOCOMPRESSION_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG StreamIndex;
+  LONG Value;
+  ULONG Flags;
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDEOCOMPRESSION_S1,*PKSPROPERTY_VIDEOCOMPRESSION_S1;
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_OVERLAY				\
+	0xe436eb7fL,0x524f,0x11ce,0x9f,0x53,0x00,0x20,0xaf,0x0b,0xa7,0x70
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("e436eb7f-524f-11ce-9f53-0020af0ba770",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_OVERLAY);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_OVERLAY DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_OVERLAY)
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_OverlayUpdate				\
+	0x490EA5CFL,0x7681,0x11D1,0xA2,0x1C,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("490EA5CF-7681-11D1-A21C-00A0C9223196",KSPROPSETID_OverlayUpdate);
+#define KSPROPSETID_OverlayUpdate DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_OverlayUpdate)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_OVERLAYUPDATE_INTERESTS,
+  KSPROPERTY_OVERLAYUPDATE_CLIPLIST = 0x1,
+  KSPROPERTY_OVERLAYUPDATE_PALETTE = 0x2,
+  KSPROPERTY_OVERLAYUPDATE_COLORKEY = 0x4,
+  KSPROPERTY_OVERLAYUPDATE_VIDEOPOSITION = 0x8,
+  KSPROPERTY_OVERLAYUPDATE_DISPLAYCHANGE = 0x10,
+  KSPROPERTY_OVERLAYUPDATE_COLORREF = 0x10000000
+} KSPROPERTY_OVERLAYUPDATE;
+
+typedef struct {
+  ULONG PelsWidth;
+  ULONG PelsHeight;
+  ULONG BitsPerPel;
+  WCHAR DeviceID[1];
+} KSDISPLAYCHANGE,*PKSDISPLAYCHANGE;
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_OVERLAYUPDATE_INTERESTS(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_OVERLAYUPDATE_INTERESTS,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(ULONG),				\
+				NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_OVERLAYUPDATE_PALETTE(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_OVERLAYUPDATE_PALETTE,	\
+				NULL,					\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				0,					\
+				(Handler),				\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_OVERLAYUPDATE_COLORKEY(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_OVERLAYUPDATE_COLORKEY,	\
+				NULL,					\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(COLORKEY),			\
+				(Handler),				\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_OVERLAYUPDATE_CLIPLIST(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_OVERLAYUPDATE_CLIPLIST,	\
+				NULL,					\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				2 *sizeof(RECT) + sizeof(RGNDATAHEADER),\
+				(Handler),				\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_OVERLAYUPDATE_VIDEOPOSITION(Handler)	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_OVERLAYUPDATE_VIDEOPOSITION,	\
+				NULL,					\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				2 *sizeof(RECT),			\
+				(Handler),				\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_OVERLAYUPDATE_DISPLAYCHANGE(Handler)	\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_OVERLAYUPDATE_DISPLAYCHANGE,	\
+				NULL,					\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(KSDISPLAYCHANGE),		\
+				(Handler),				\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM_OVERLAYUPDATE_COLORREF(Handler)		\
+	DEFINE_KSPROPERTY_ITEM(						\
+				KSPROPERTY_OVERLAYUPDATE_COLORREF,	\
+				(Handler),				\
+				sizeof(KSPROPERTY),			\
+				sizeof(COLORREF),			\
+				NULL,					\
+				NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, 0)
+
+#define STATIC_PROPSETID_VIDCAP_VIDEOCONTROL				\
+	0x6a2e0670L,0x28e4,0x11d0,0xa1,0x8c,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x11,0x89,0x56
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("6a2e0670-28e4-11d0-a18c-00a0c9118956",PROPSETID_VIDCAP_VIDEOCONTROL);
+#define PROPSETID_VIDCAP_VIDEOCONTROL DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PROPSETID_VIDCAP_VIDEOCONTROL)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOCONTROL_CAPS,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOCONTROL_ACTUAL_FRAME_RATE,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOCONTROL_FRAME_RATES,
+  KSPROPERTY_VIDEOCONTROL_MODE
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDCAP_VIDEOCONTROL;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KS_VideoControlFlag_FlipHorizontal = 0x0001,
+  KS_VideoControlFlag_FlipVertical = 0x0002,
+  KS_Obsolete_VideoControlFlag_ExternalTriggerEnable = 0x0010,
+  KS_Obsolete_VideoControlFlag_Trigger = 0x0020,
+  KS_VideoControlFlag_ExternalTriggerEnable = 0x0004,
+  KS_VideoControlFlag_Trigger = 0x0008
+} KS_VideoControlFlags;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG StreamIndex;
+  ULONG VideoControlCaps;
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDEOCONTROL_CAPS_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VIDEOCONTROL_CAPS_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG StreamIndex;
+  LONG Mode;
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDEOCONTROL_MODE_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VIDEOCONTROL_MODE_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG StreamIndex;
+  ULONG RangeIndex;
+  SIZE Dimensions;
+  LONGLONG CurrentActualFrameRate;
+  LONGLONG CurrentMaxAvailableFrameRate;
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDEOCONTROL_ACTUAL_FRAME_RATE_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VIDEOCONTROL_ACTUAL_FRAME_RATE_S;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  ULONG StreamIndex;
+  ULONG RangeIndex;
+  SIZE Dimensions;
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDEOCONTROL_FRAME_RATES_S,*PKSPROPERTY_VIDEOCONTROL_FRAME_RATES_S;
+
+#define STATIC_PROPSETID_VIDCAP_DROPPEDFRAMES				\
+	0xC6E13344L,0x30AC,0x11d0,0xa1,0x8c,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x11,0x89,0x56
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("C6E13344-30AC-11d0-A18C-00A0C9118956",PROPSETID_VIDCAP_DROPPEDFRAMES);
+#define PROPSETID_VIDCAP_DROPPEDFRAMES DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(PROPSETID_VIDCAP_DROPPEDFRAMES)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_DROPPEDFRAMES_CURRENT
+} KSPROPERTY_VIDCAP_DROPPEDFRAMES;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  LONGLONG PictureNumber;
+  LONGLONG DropCount;
+  ULONG AverageFrameSize;
+} KSPROPERTY_DROPPEDFRAMES_CURRENT_S,*PKSPROPERTY_DROPPEDFRAMES_CURRENT_S;
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_VPConfig					\
+	0xbc29a660L,0x30e3,0x11d0,0x9e,0x69,0x00,0xc0,0x4f,0xd7,0xc1,0x5b
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("bc29a660-30e3-11d0-9e69-00c04fd7c15b",KSPROPSETID_VPConfig);
+#define KSPROPSETID_VPConfig DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_VPConfig)
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_VPVBIConfig					\
+	0xec529b00L,0x1a1f,0x11d1,0xba,0xd9,0x0,0x60,0x97,0x44,0x11,0x1a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("ec529b00-1a1f-11d1-bad9-00609744111a",KSPROPSETID_VPVBIConfig);
+#define KSPROPSETID_VPVBIConfig DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_VPVBIConfig)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_VPCONFIG_NUMCONNECTINFO,
+  KSPROPERTY_VPCONFIG_GETCONNECTINFO,
+  KSPROPERTY_VPCONFIG_SETCONNECTINFO,
+  KSPROPERTY_VPCONFIG_VPDATAINFO,
+  KSPROPERTY_VPCONFIG_MAXPIXELRATE,
+  KSPROPERTY_VPCONFIG_INFORMVPINPUT,
+  KSPROPERTY_VPCONFIG_NUMVIDEOFORMAT,
+  KSPROPERTY_VPCONFIG_GETVIDEOFORMAT,
+  KSPROPERTY_VPCONFIG_SETVIDEOFORMAT,
+  KSPROPERTY_VPCONFIG_INVERTPOLARITY,
+  KSPROPERTY_VPCONFIG_DECIMATIONCAPABILITY,
+  KSPROPERTY_VPCONFIG_SCALEFACTOR,
+  KSPROPERTY_VPCONFIG_DDRAWHANDLE,
+  KSPROPERTY_VPCONFIG_VIDEOPORTID,
+  KSPROPERTY_VPCONFIG_DDRAWSURFACEHANDLE,
+  KSPROPERTY_VPCONFIG_SURFACEPARAMS
+} KSPROPERTY_VPCONFIG;
+
+#define STATIC_CLSID_KsIBasicAudioInterfaceHandler			\
+	0xb9f8ac3e,0x0f71,0x11d2,0xb7,0x2c,0x00,0xc0,0x4f,0xb6,0xbd,0x3d
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("b9f8ac3e-0f71-11d2-b72c-00c04fb6bd3d",CLSID_KsIBasicAudioInterfaceHandler);
+#define CLSID_KsIBasicAudioInterfaceHandler DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(CLSID_KsIBasicAudioInterfaceHandler)
+
+#ifdef __IVPType__
+typedef struct {
+  AMVPSIZE Size;
+  DWORD MaxPixelsPerSecond;
+  DWORD Reserved;
+} KSVPMAXPIXELRATE,*PKSVPMAXPIXELRATE;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  AMVPSIZE Size;
+} KSVPSIZE_PROP,*PKSVPSIZE_PROP;
+
+typedef struct {
+  DWORD dwPitch;
+  DWORD dwXOrigin;
+  DWORD dwYOrigin;
+} KSVPSURFACEPARAMS,*PKSVPSURFACEPARAMS;
+#else /* __IVPType__ */
+
+#ifndef __DDRAW_INCLUDED__
+#define DDPF_FOURCC 0x00000004l
+
+typedef struct _DDPIXELFORMAT
+{
+  DWORD dwSize;
+  DWORD dwFlags;
+  DWORD dwFourCC;
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union
+  {
+    DWORD dwRGBBitCount;
+    DWORD dwYUVBitCount;
+    DWORD dwZBufferBitDepth;
+    DWORD dwAlphaBitDepth;
+  };
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union
+  {
+    DWORD dwRBitMask;
+    DWORD dwYBitMask;
+  };
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union
+  {
+    DWORD dwGBitMask;
+    DWORD dwUBitMask;
+  };
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union
+  {
+    DWORD dwBBitMask;
+    DWORD dwVBitMask;
+  };
+  __MINGW_EXTENSION union
+  {
+    DWORD dwRGBAlphaBitMask;
+    DWORD dwYUVAlphaBitMask;
+    DWORD dwRGBZBitMask;
+    DWORD dwYUVZBitMask;
+  };
+} DDPIXELFORMAT,*LPDDPIXELFORMAT;
+#endif /* __DDRAW_INCLUDED__ */
+
+#ifndef __DVP_INCLUDED__
+typedef struct _DDVIDEOPORTCONNECT {
+  DWORD dwSize;
+  DWORD dwPortWidth;
+  GUID guidTypeID;
+  DWORD dwFlags;
+  ULONG_PTR dwReserved1;
+} DDVIDEOPORTCONNECT,*LPDDVIDEOPORTCONNECT;
+
+#define DDVPTYPE_E_HREFH_VREFH						\
+	0x54F39980L,0xDA60,0x11CF,0x9B,0x06,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x03,0xA3,0xB8
+
+#define DDVPTYPE_E_HREFL_VREFL						\
+	0xE09C77E0L,0xDA60,0x11CF,0x9B,0x06,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x03,0xA3,0xB8
+#endif /* __DVP_INCLUDED__ */
+
+typedef enum
+{
+  KS_PixAspectRatio_NTSC4x3,
+  KS_PixAspectRatio_NTSC16x9,
+  KS_PixAspectRatio_PAL4x3,
+  KS_PixAspectRatio_PAL16x9
+} KS_AMPixAspectRatio;
+
+typedef enum
+{
+  KS_AMVP_DO_NOT_CARE,
+  KS_AMVP_BEST_BANDWIDTH,
+  KS_AMVP_INPUT_SAME_AS_OUTPUT
+} KS_AMVP_SELECTFORMATBY;
+
+typedef enum
+{
+  KS_AMVP_MODE_WEAVE,
+  KS_AMVP_MODE_BOBINTERLEAVED,
+  KS_AMVP_MODE_BOBNONINTERLEAVED,
+  KS_AMVP_MODE_SKIPEVEN,
+  KS_AMVP_MODE_SKIPODD
+} KS_AMVP_MODE;
+
+typedef struct tagKS_AMVPDIMINFO
+{
+  DWORD dwFieldWidth;
+  DWORD dwFieldHeight;
+  DWORD dwVBIWidth;
+  DWORD dwVBIHeight;
+  RECT rcValidRegion;
+} KS_AMVPDIMINFO,*PKS_AMVPDIMINFO;
+
+typedef struct tagKS_AMVPDATAINFO
+{
+  DWORD dwSize;
+  DWORD dwMicrosecondsPerField;
+  KS_AMVPDIMINFO amvpDimInfo;
+  DWORD dwPictAspectRatioX;
+  DWORD dwPictAspectRatioY;
+  WINBOOL bEnableDoubleClock;
+  WINBOOL bEnableVACT;
+  WINBOOL bDataIsInterlaced;
+  LONG lHalfLinesOdd;
+  WINBOOL bFieldPolarityInverted;
+  DWORD dwNumLinesInVREF;
+  LONG lHalfLinesEven;
+  DWORD dwReserved1;
+} KS_AMVPDATAINFO,*PKS_AMVPDATAINFO;
+
+typedef struct tagKS_AMVPSIZE
+{
+  DWORD dwWidth;
+  DWORD dwHeight;
+} KS_AMVPSIZE,*PKS_AMVPSIZE;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KS_AMVPSIZE Size;
+  DWORD MaxPixelsPerSecond;
+  DWORD Reserved;
+} KSVPMAXPIXELRATE,*PKSVPMAXPIXELRATE;
+
+typedef struct {
+  KSPROPERTY Property;
+  KS_AMVPSIZE Size;
+} KSVPSIZE_PROP,*PKSVPSIZE_PROP;
+
+typedef struct {
+  DWORD dwPitch;
+  DWORD dwXOrigin;
+  DWORD dwYOrigin;
+} KSVPSURFACEPARAMS,*PKSVPSURFACEPARAMS;
+#endif /* __IVPType__ */
+
+#define STATIC_KSEVENTSETID_VPNotify					\
+	0x20c5598eL,0xd3c8,0x11d0,0x8d,0xfc,0x00,0xc0,0x4f,0xd7,0xc0,0x8b
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("20c5598e-d3c8-11d0-8dfc-00c04fd7c08b",KSEVENTSETID_VPNotify);
+#define KSEVENTSETID_VPNotify DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSEVENTSETID_VPNotify)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSEVENT_VPNOTIFY_FORMATCHANGE
+} KSEVENT_VPNOTIFY;
+
+#define STATIC_KSEVENTSETID_VIDCAPTOSTI					\
+	0xdb47de20,0xf628,0x11d1,0xba,0x41,0x0,0xa0,0xc9,0xd,0x2b,0x5
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("DB47DE20-F628-11d1-BA41-00A0C90D2B05",KSEVENTSETID_VIDCAPTOSTI);
+#define KSEVENTSETID_VIDCAPNotify DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSEVENTSETID_VIDCAPTOSTI)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSEVENT_VIDCAPTOSTI_EXT_TRIGGER,
+  KSEVENT_VIDCAP_AUTO_UPDATE,
+  KSEVENT_VIDCAP_SEARCH
+} KSEVENT_VIDCAPTOSTI;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSPROPERTY_EXTENSION_UNIT_INFO,
+  KSPROPERTY_EXTENSION_UNIT_CONTROL,
+  KSPROPERTY_EXTENSION_UNIT_PASS_THROUGH = 0xffff
+} KSPROPERTY_EXTENSION_UNIT,*PKSPROPERTY_EXTENSION_UNIT;
+
+#define STATIC_KSEVENTSETID_VPVBINotify					\
+	0xec529b01L,0x1a1f,0x11d1,0xba,0xd9,0x0,0x60,0x97,0x44,0x11,0x1a
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("ec529b01-1a1f-11d1-bad9-00609744111a",KSEVENTSETID_VPVBINotify);
+#define KSEVENTSETID_VPVBINotify DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSEVENTSETID_VPVBINotify)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KSEVENT_VPVBINOTIFY_FORMATCHANGE
+} KSEVENT_VPVBINOTIFY;
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_AUXLine21Data				\
+	0x670aea80L,0x3a82,0x11d0,0xb7,0x9b,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0x37,0x67,0xa7
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("670aea80-3a82-11d0-b79b-00aa003767a7",KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_AUXLine21Data);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_AUXLine21Data DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_AUXLine21Data)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_Line21_BytePair			\
+	0x6e8d4a22L,0x310c,0x11d0,0xb7,0x9a,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0x37,0x67,0xa7
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("6e8d4a22-310c-11d0-b79a-00aa003767a7",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_Line21_BytePair);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_Line21_BytePair DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_Line21_BytePair)
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_Line21_GOPPacket			\
+	0x6e8d4a23L,0x310c,0x11d0,0xb7,0x9a,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0x37,0x67,0xa7
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("6e8d4a23-310c-11d0-b79a-00aa003767a7",KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_Line21_GOPPacket);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_Line21_GOPPacket DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_Line21_GOPPacket)
+
+typedef struct _KSGOP_USERDATA {
+  ULONG sc;
+  ULONG reserved1;
+  BYTE cFields;
+  CHAR l21Data[3];
+} KSGOP_USERDATA,*PKSGOP_USERDATA;
+
+#define STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_DVD_ENCRYPTED_PACK			\
+	0xed0b916a,0x044d,0x11d1,0xaa,0x78,0x00,0xc0,0x4f,0xc3,0x1d,0x60
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("ed0b916a-044d-11d1-aa78-00c04fc31d60",KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_DVD_ENCRYPTED_PACK);
+#define KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_DVD_ENCRYPTED_PACK DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_DVD_ENCRYPTED_PACK)
+
+#define KS_AM_UseNewCSSKey			0x1
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_TSRateChange					\
+	0xa503c5c0,0x1d1d,0x11d1,0xad,0x80,0x44,0x45,0x53,0x54,0x0,0x0
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("A503C5C0-1D1D-11D1-AD80-444553540000",KSPROPSETID_TSRateChange);
+#define KSPROPSETID_TSRateChange DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_TSRateChange)
+
+typedef enum {
+  KS_AM_RATE_SimpleRateChange = 1,
+  KS_AM_RATE_ExactRateChange = 2,
+  KS_AM_RATE_MaxFullDataRate = 3,
+  KS_AM_RATE_Step = 4
+} KS_AM_PROPERTY_TS_RATE_CHANGE;
+
+typedef struct {
+  REFERENCE_TIME StartTime;
+  LONG Rate;
+} KS_AM_SimpleRateChange,*PKS_AM_SimpleRateChange;
+
+typedef struct {
+  REFERENCE_TIME OutputZeroTime;
+  LONG Rate;
+} KS_AM_ExactRateChange,*PKS_AM_ExactRateChange;
+
+typedef LONG KS_AM_MaxFullDataRate;
+typedef DWORD KS_AM_Step;
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_ENCODER					\
+	0x19689bf6,0xc384,0x48fd,0xad,0x51,0x90,0xe5,0x8c,0x79,0xf7,0xb
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("19689BF6-C384-48fd-AD51-90E58C79F70B",KSCATEGORY_ENCODER);
+#define KSCATEGORY_ENCODER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_ENCODER)
+
+#define STATIC_KSCATEGORY_MULTIPLEXER					\
+	0x7a5de1d3,0x1a1,0x452c,0xb4,0x81,0x4f,0xa2,0xb9,0x62,0x71,0xe8
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("7A5DE1D3-01A1-452c-B481-4FA2B96271E8",KSCATEGORY_MULTIPLEXER);
+#define KSCATEGORY_MULTIPLEXER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSCATEGORY_MULTIPLEXER)
+
+#ifndef __ENCODER_API_GUIDS__
+#define __ENCODER_API_GUIDS__
+
+#define STATIC_ENCAPIPARAM_BITRATE					\
+	0x49cc4c43,0xca83,0x4ad4,0xa9,0xaf,0xf3,0x69,0x6a,0xf6,0x66,0xdf
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("49CC4C43-CA83-4ad4-A9AF-F3696AF666DF",ENCAPIPARAM_BITRATE);
+#define ENCAPIPARAM_BITRATE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(ENCAPIPARAM_BITRATE)
+
+#define STATIC_ENCAPIPARAM_PEAK_BITRATE					\
+	0x703f16a9,0x3d48,0x44a1,0xb0,0x77,0x1,0x8d,0xff,0x91,0x5d,0x19
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("703F16A9-3D48-44a1-B077-018DFF915D19",ENCAPIPARAM_PEAK_BITRATE);
+#define ENCAPIPARAM_PEAK_BITRATE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(ENCAPIPARAM_PEAK_BITRATE)
+
+#define STATIC_ENCAPIPARAM_BITRATE_MODE					\
+	0xee5fb25c,0xc713,0x40d1,0x9d,0x58,0xc0,0xd7,0x24,0x1e,0x25,0xf
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("EE5FB25C-C713-40d1-9D58-C0D7241E250F",ENCAPIPARAM_BITRATE_MODE);
+#define ENCAPIPARAM_BITRATE_MODE DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(ENCAPIPARAM_BITRATE_MODE)
+
+#define STATIC_CODECAPI_CHANGELISTS					\
+	0x62b12acf,0xf6b0,0x47d9,0x94,0x56,0x96,0xf2,0x2c,0x4e,0x0b,0x9d
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("62B12ACF-F6B0-47D9-9456-96F22C4E0B9D",CODECAPI_CHANGELISTS);
+#define CODECAPI_CHANGELISTS DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(CODECAPI_CHANGELISTS)
+
+#define STATIC_CODECAPI_VIDEO_ENCODER					\
+	0x7112e8e1,0x3d03,0x47ef,0x8e,0x60,0x03,0xf1,0xcf,0x53,0x73,0x01
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("7112E8E1-3D03-47EF-8E60-03F1CF537301",CODECAPI_VIDEO_ENCODER);
+#define CODECAPI_VIDEO_ENCODER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(CODECAPI_VIDEO_ENCODER)
+
+#define STATIC_CODECAPI_AUDIO_ENCODER					\
+	0xb9d19a3e,0xf897,0x429c,0xbc,0x46,0x81,0x38,0xb7,0x27,0x2b,0x2d
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("B9D19A3E-F897-429C-BC46-8138B7272B2D",CODECAPI_AUDIO_ENCODER);
+#define CODECAPI_AUDIO_ENCODER DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(CODECAPI_AUDIO_ENCODER)
+
+#define STATIC_CODECAPI_SETALLDEFAULTS					\
+	0x6c5e6a7c,0xacf8,0x4f55,0xa9,0x99,0x1a,0x62,0x81,0x09,0x05,0x1b
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("6C5E6A7C-ACF8-4F55-A999-1A628109051B",CODECAPI_SETALLDEFAULTS);
+#define CODECAPI_SETALLDEFAULTS DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(CODECAPI_SETALLDEFAULTS)
+
+#define STATIC_CODECAPI_ALLSETTINGS					\
+	0x6a577e92,0x83e1,0x4113,0xad,0xc2,0x4f,0xce,0xc3,0x2f,0x83,0xa1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("6A577E92-83E1-4113-ADC2-4FCEC32F83A1",CODECAPI_ALLSETTINGS);
+#define CODECAPI_ALLSETTINGS DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(CODECAPI_ALLSETTINGS)
+
+#define STATIC_CODECAPI_SUPPORTSEVENTS					\
+	0x0581af97,0x7693,0x4dbd,0x9d,0xca,0x3f,0x9e,0xbd,0x65,0x85,0xa1
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("0581AF97-7693-4DBD-9DCA-3F9EBD6585A1",CODECAPI_SUPPORTSEVENTS);
+#define CODECAPI_SUPPORTSEVENTS DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(CODECAPI_SUPPORTSEVENTS)
+
+#define STATIC_CODECAPI_CURRENTCHANGELIST				\
+	0x1cb14e83,0x7d72,0x4657,0x83,0xfd,0x47,0xa2,0xc5,0xb9,0xd1,0x3d
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("1CB14E83-7D72-4657-83FD-47A2C5B9D13D",CODECAPI_CURRENTCHANGELIST);
+#define CODECAPI_CURRENTCHANGELIST DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(CODECAPI_CURRENTCHANGELIST)
+#endif /* __ENCODER_API_GUIDS__ */
+
+#ifndef __ENCODER_API_DEFINES__
+#define __ENCODER_API_DEFINES__
+typedef enum {
+  ConstantBitRate = 0,
+  VariableBitRateAverage,
+  VariableBitRatePeak
+} VIDEOENCODER_BITRATE_MODE;
+#endif /* __ENCODER_API_DEFINES__ */
+
+#define STATIC_KSPROPSETID_Jack\
+    0x4509f757, 0x2d46, 0x4637, 0x8e, 0x62, 0xce, 0x7d, 0xb9, 0x44, 0xf5, 0x7b
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("4509F757-2D46-4637-8E62-CE7DB944F57B", KSPROPSETID_Jack);
+#define KSPROPSETID_Jack DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(KSPROPSETID_Jack)
+
+typedef enum {
+    KSPROPERTY_JACK_DESCRIPTION = 1,
+    KSPROPERTY_JACK_DESCRIPTION2,
+    KSPROPERTY_JACK_SINK_INFO
+} KSPROPERTY_JACK;
+
+typedef enum
+{
+    eConnTypeUnknown,
+    eConnType3Point5mm,
+    eConnTypeQuarter,
+    eConnTypeAtapiInternal,
+    eConnTypeRCA,
+    eConnTypeOptical,
+    eConnTypeOtherDigital,
+    eConnTypeOtherAnalog,
+    eConnTypeMultichannelAnalogDIN,
+    eConnTypeXlrProfessional,
+    eConnTypeRJ11Modem,
+    eConnTypeCombination
+} EPcxConnectionType;
+
+typedef enum
+{
+    eGeoLocRear = 0x1,
+    eGeoLocFront,
+    eGeoLocLeft,
+    eGeoLocRight,
+    eGeoLocTop,
+    eGeoLocBottom,
+    eGeoLocRearPanel,
+    eGeoLocRiser,
+    eGeoLocInsideMobileLid,
+    eGeoLocDrivebay,
+    eGeoLocHDMI,
+    eGeoLocOutsideMobileLid,
+    eGeoLocATAPI,
+    eGeoLocReserved5,
+    eGeoLocReserved6,
+    EPcxGeoLocation_enum_count
+} EPcxGeoLocation;
+
+typedef enum
+{
+    eGenLocPrimaryBox = 0,
+    eGenLocInternal,
+    eGenLocSeparate,
+    eGenLocOther,
+    EPcxGenLocation_enum_count
+} EPcxGenLocation;
+
+typedef enum
+{
+    ePortConnJack = 0,
+    ePortConnIntegratedDevice,
+    ePortConnBothIntegratedAndJack,
+    ePortConnUnknown
+} EPxcPortConnection;
+
+typedef struct 
+{
+    DWORD                 ChannelMapping;
+    COLORREF              Color;
+    EPcxConnectionType    ConnectionType;
+    EPcxGeoLocation       GeoLocation;
+    EPcxGenLocation       GenLocation;
+    EPxcPortConnection    PortConnection;
+    BOOL                  IsConnected;
+} KSJACK_DESCRIPTION, *PKSJACK_DESCRIPTION;
+
+typedef enum 
+{
+    KSJACK_SINK_CONNECTIONTYPE_HDMI = 0,           
+    KSJACK_SINK_CONNECTIONTYPE_DISPLAYPORT,         
+} KSJACK_SINK_CONNECTIONTYPE;
+
+#define MAX_SINK_DESCRIPTION_NAME_LENGTH 32
+typedef struct _tagKSJACK_SINK_INFORMATION
+{
+  KSJACK_SINK_CONNECTIONTYPE ConnType;              
+  WORD  ManufacturerId;                            
+  WORD  ProductId;                                  
+  WORD  AudioLatency;                               
+  BOOL  HDCPCapable;                                
+  BOOL  AICapable;                                  
+  UCHAR SinkDescriptionLength;                      
+  WCHAR SinkDescription[MAX_SINK_DESCRIPTION_NAME_LENGTH];
+  LUID  PortId;                                 
+}  KSJACK_SINK_INFORMATION, *PKSJACK_SINK_INFORMATION;
+
+#define JACKDESC2_PRESENCE_DETECT_CAPABILITY       0x00000001 
+#define JACKDESC2_DYNAMIC_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAPABILITY 0x00000002
+
+typedef struct _tagKSJACK_DESCRIPTION2
+{
+  DWORD              DeviceStateInfo;
+  DWORD              JackCapabilities;
+} KSJACK_DESCRIPTION2, *PKSJACK_DESCRIPTION2;
+
+/* Additional structs for Windows Vista and later */
+typedef struct _tagKSRTAUDIO_BUFFER_PROPERTY {
+    KSPROPERTY  Property;
+    PVOID       BaseAddress;
+    ULONG       RequestedBufferSize;
+} KSRTAUDIO_BUFFER_PROPERTY, *PKSRTAUDIO_BUFFER_PROPERTY;
+
+typedef struct _tagKSRTAUDIO_BUFFER_PROPERTY_WITH_NOTIFICATION {
+    KSPROPERTY  Property;
+    PVOID       BaseAddress;
+    ULONG       RequestedBufferSize;
+    ULONG       NotificationCount;
+} KSRTAUDIO_BUFFER_PROPERTY_WITH_NOTIFICATION, *PKSRTAUDIO_BUFFER_PROPERTY_WITH_NOTIFICATION;
+
+typedef struct _tagKSRTAUDIO_BUFFER {
+    PVOID   BufferAddress;
+    ULONG   ActualBufferSize;
+    BOOL    CallMemoryBarrier;
+} KSRTAUDIO_BUFFER, *PKSRTAUDIO_BUFFER;
+
+typedef struct _tagKSRTAUDIO_HWLATENCY {
+    ULONG   FifoSize;
+    ULONG   ChipsetDelay;
+    ULONG   CodecDelay;
+} KSRTAUDIO_HWLATENCY, *PKSRTAUDIO_HWLATENCY;
+
+typedef struct _tagKSRTAUDIO_HWREGISTER_PROPERTY {
+    KSPROPERTY  Property;
+    PVOID       BaseAddress;
+} KSRTAUDIO_HWREGISTER_PROPERTY, *PKSRTAUDIO_HWREGISTER_PROPERTY;
+
+typedef struct _tagKSRTAUDIO_HWREGISTER {
+    PVOID       Register;
+    ULONG       Width;
+    ULONGLONG   Numerator;
+    ULONGLONG   Denominator;
+    ULONG       Accuracy;
+} KSRTAUDIO_HWREGISTER, *PKSRTAUDIO_HWREGISTER;
+
+typedef struct _tagKSRTAUDIO_NOTIFICATION_EVENT_PROPERTY {
+    KSPROPERTY  Property;
+    HANDLE      NotificationEvent;
+} KSRTAUDIO_NOTIFICATION_EVENT_PROPERTY, *PKSRTAUDIO_NOTIFICATION_EVENT_PROPERTY;
+
+
+#endif /* _KSMEDIA_ */
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ksproxy.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ksproxy.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fcbc6b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ksproxy.h
@@ -0,0 +1,638 @@
+/**
+ * This file has no copyright assigned and is placed in the Public Domain.
+ * This file is part of the w64 mingw-runtime package.
+ * No warranty is given; refer to the file DISCLAIMER.PD within this package.
+ */
+#ifndef __KSPROXY__
+#define __KSPROXY__
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#undef KSDDKAPI
+#ifdef _KSDDK_
+#define KSDDKAPI
+#else
+#define KSDDKAPI DECLSPEC_IMPORT
+#endif
+
+#define STATIC_IID_IKsObject						\
+	0x423c13a2L,0x2070,0x11d0,0x9e,0xf7,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0xa2,0x16,0xa1
+
+#define STATIC_IID_IKsPinEx						\
+	0x7bb38260L,0xd19c,0x11d2,0xb3,0x8a,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x5e,0xc2,0x2e
+
+#define STATIC_IID_IKsPin						\
+	0xb61178d1L,0xa2d9,0x11cf,0x9e,0x53,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0xa2,0x16,0xa1
+
+#define STATIC_IID_IKsPinPipe						\
+	0xe539cd90L,0xa8b4,0x11d1,0x81,0x89,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x06,0x28,0x02
+
+#define STATIC_IID_IKsDataTypeHandler					\
+	0x5ffbaa02L,0x49a3,0x11d0,0x9f,0x36,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0xa2,0x16,0xa1
+
+#define STATIC_IID_IKsDataTypeCompletion				\
+	0x827D1A0EL,0x0F73,0x11D2,0xB2,0x7A,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+
+#define STATIC_IID_IKsInterfaceHandler					\
+	0xD3ABC7E0L,0x9A61,0x11D0,0xA4,0x0D,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+
+#define STATIC_IID_IKsClockPropertySet					\
+	0x5C5CBD84L,0xE755,0x11D0,0xAC,0x18,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+
+#define STATIC_IID_IKsAllocator						\
+	0x8da64899L,0xc0d9,0x11d0,0x84,0x13,0x00,0x00,0xf8,0x22,0xfe,0x8a
+
+#define STATIC_IID_IKsAllocatorEx					\
+	0x091bb63aL,0x603f,0x11d1,0xb0,0x67,0x00,0xa0,0xc9,0x06,0x28,0x02
+
+#ifndef STATIC_IID_IKsPropertySet
+#define STATIC_IID_IKsPropertySet					\
+	0x31EFAC30L,0x515C,0x11d0,0xA9,0xAA,0x00,0xAA,0x00,0x61,0xBE,0x93
+#endif
+
+#define STATIC_IID_IKsTopology						\
+	0x28F54683L,0x06FD,0x11D2,0xB2,0x7A,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+
+#ifndef STATIC_IID_IKsControl
+#define STATIC_IID_IKsControl						\
+	0x28F54685L,0x06FD,0x11D2,0xB2,0x7A,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+#endif
+
+#define STATIC_IID_IKsAggregateControl					\
+	0x7F40EAC0L,0x3947,0x11D2,0x87,0x4E,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+
+#define STATIC_CLSID_Proxy						\
+	0x17CCA71BL,0xECD7,0x11D0,0xB9,0x08,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96
+
+#ifdef _KS_
+
+DEFINE_GUIDEX(IID_IKsObject);
+
+DEFINE_GUIDEX(IID_IKsPin);
+
+DEFINE_GUIDEX(IID_IKsPinEx);
+
+DEFINE_GUIDEX(IID_IKsPinPipe);
+
+DEFINE_GUIDEX(IID_IKsDataTypeHandler);
+
+DEFINE_GUIDEX(IID_IKsDataTypeCompletion);
+
+DEFINE_GUIDEX(IID_IKsInterfaceHandler);
+
+DEFINE_GUIDEX(IID_IKsClockPropertySet);
+
+DEFINE_GUIDEX(IID_IKsAllocator);
+
+DEFINE_GUIDEX(IID_IKsAllocatorEx);
+
+#define IID_IKsQualityForwarder KSCATEGORY_QUALITY
+#define STATIC_IID_IKsQualityForwarder STATIC_KSCATEGORY_QUALITY
+
+typedef enum {
+  KsAllocatorMode_User,
+  KsAllocatorMode_Kernel
+} KSALLOCATORMODE;
+
+typedef enum {
+  FramingProp_Uninitialized,
+  FramingProp_None,
+  FramingProp_Old,
+  FramingProp_Ex
+} FRAMING_PROP;
+
+typedef FRAMING_PROP *PFRAMING_PROP;
+
+typedef enum {
+  Framing_Cache_Update,
+  Framing_Cache_ReadLast,
+  Framing_Cache_ReadOrig,
+  Framing_Cache_Write
+} FRAMING_CACHE_OPS;
+
+typedef struct {
+  LONGLONG MinTotalNominator;
+  LONGLONG MaxTotalNominator;
+  LONGLONG TotalDenominator;
+} OPTIMAL_WEIGHT_TOTALS;
+
+typedef struct IPin IPin;
+typedef struct IKsPin IKsPin;
+typedef struct IKsAllocator IKsAllocator;
+typedef struct IKsAllocatorEx IKsAllocatorEx;
+
+#define AllocatorStrategy_DontCare			0
+#define AllocatorStrategy_MinimizeNumberOfFrames	0x00000001
+#define AllocatorStrategy_MinimizeFrameSize		0x00000002
+#define AllocatorStrategy_MinimizeNumberOfAllocators	0x00000004
+#define AllocatorStrategy_MaximizeSpeed			0x00000008
+
+#define PipeFactor_None					0
+#define PipeFactor_UserModeUpstream			0x00000001
+#define PipeFactor_UserModeDownstream			0x00000002
+#define PipeFactor_MemoryTypes				0x00000004
+#define PipeFactor_Flags				0x00000008
+#define PipeFactor_PhysicalRanges			0x00000010
+#define PipeFactor_OptimalRanges			0x00000020
+#define PipeFactor_FixedCompression			0x00000040
+#define PipeFactor_UnknownCompression			0x00000080
+
+#define PipeFactor_Buffers				0x00000100
+#define PipeFactor_Align				0x00000200
+#define PipeFactor_PhysicalEnd				0x00000400
+#define PipeFactor_LogicalEnd				0x00000800
+
+typedef enum {
+  PipeState_DontCare,
+  PipeState_RangeNotFixed,
+  PipeState_RangeFixed,
+  PipeState_CompressionUnknown,
+  PipeState_Finalized
+} PIPE_STATE;
+
+typedef struct _PIPE_DIMENSIONS {
+  KS_COMPRESSION AllocatorPin;
+  KS_COMPRESSION MaxExpansionPin;
+  KS_COMPRESSION EndPin;
+} PIPE_DIMENSIONS,*PPIPE_DIMENSIONS;
+
+typedef enum {
+  Pipe_Allocator_None,
+  Pipe_Allocator_FirstPin,
+  Pipe_Allocator_LastPin,
+  Pipe_Allocator_MiddlePin
+} PIPE_ALLOCATOR_PLACE;
+
+typedef PIPE_ALLOCATOR_PLACE *PPIPE_ALLOCATOR_PLACE;
+
+typedef enum {
+  KS_MemoryTypeDontCare = 0,
+  KS_MemoryTypeKernelPaged,
+  KS_MemoryTypeKernelNonPaged,
+  KS_MemoryTypeDeviceHostMapped,
+  KS_MemoryTypeDeviceSpecific,
+  KS_MemoryTypeUser,
+  KS_MemoryTypeAnyHost
+} KS_LogicalMemoryType;
+
+typedef KS_LogicalMemoryType *PKS_LogicalMemoryType;
+
+typedef struct _PIPE_TERMINATION {
+  ULONG Flags;
+  ULONG OutsideFactors;
+  ULONG Weigth;
+  KS_FRAMING_RANGE PhysicalRange;
+  KS_FRAMING_RANGE_WEIGHTED OptimalRange;
+  KS_COMPRESSION Compression;
+} PIPE_TERMINATION;
+
+typedef struct _ALLOCATOR_PROPERTIES_EX
+{
+  long cBuffers;
+  long cbBuffer;
+  long cbAlign;
+  long cbPrefix;
+
+  GUID MemoryType;
+  GUID BusType;
+  PIPE_STATE State;
+  PIPE_TERMINATION Input;
+  PIPE_TERMINATION Output;
+  ULONG Strategy;
+  ULONG Flags;
+  ULONG Weight;
+  KS_LogicalMemoryType LogicalMemoryType;
+  PIPE_ALLOCATOR_PLACE AllocatorPlace;
+  PIPE_DIMENSIONS Dimensions;
+  KS_FRAMING_RANGE PhysicalRange;
+  IKsAllocatorEx *PrevSegment;
+  ULONG CountNextSegments;
+  IKsAllocatorEx **NextSegments;
+  ULONG InsideFactors;
+  ULONG NumberPins;
+} ALLOCATOR_PROPERTIES_EX;
+
+typedef ALLOCATOR_PROPERTIES_EX *PALLOCATOR_PROPERTIES_EX;
+
+#ifdef __STREAMS__
+
+struct IKsClockPropertySet;
+#undef INTERFACE
+#define INTERFACE IKsClockPropertySet
+DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsClockPropertySet,IUnknown)
+{
+  STDMETHOD(KsGetTime)			(THIS_
+						LONGLONG *Time
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsSetTime)			(THIS_
+						LONGLONG Time
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsGetPhysicalTime)		(THIS_
+						LONGLONG *Time
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsSetPhysicalTime)		(THIS_
+						LONGLONG Time
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsGetCorrelatedTime)	(THIS_
+						KSCORRELATED_TIME *CorrelatedTime
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsSetCorrelatedTime)	(THIS_
+						KSCORRELATED_TIME *CorrelatedTime
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsGetCorrelatedPhysicalTime)(THIS_
+						KSCORRELATED_TIME *CorrelatedTime
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsSetCorrelatedPhysicalTime)(THIS_
+						KSCORRELATED_TIME *CorrelatedTime
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsGetResolution)		(THIS_
+						KSRESOLUTION *Resolution
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsGetState)			(THIS_
+						KSSTATE *State
+					) PURE;
+};
+
+struct IKsAllocator;
+#undef INTERFACE
+#define INTERFACE IKsAllocator
+DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsAllocator,IUnknown)
+{
+  STDMETHOD_(HANDLE,KsGetAllocatorHandle)(THIS) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(KSALLOCATORMODE,KsGetAllocatorMode)(THIS) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsGetAllocatorStatus)	(THIS_
+						PKSSTREAMALLOCATOR_STATUS AllocatorStatus
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(VOID,KsSetAllocatorMode)	(THIS_
+						KSALLOCATORMODE Mode
+					) PURE;
+};
+
+struct IKsAllocatorEx;
+#undef INTERFACE
+#define INTERFACE IKsAllocatorEx
+DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsAllocatorEx,IKsAllocator)
+{
+  STDMETHOD_(PALLOCATOR_PROPERTIES_EX,KsGetProperties)(THIS) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(VOID,KsSetProperties)	(THIS_
+						PALLOCATOR_PROPERTIES_EX
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(VOID,KsSetAllocatorHandle)	(THIS_
+						HANDLE AllocatorHandle
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(HANDLE,KsCreateAllocatorAndGetHandle)(THIS_
+						IKsPin *KsPin
+					) PURE;
+};
+
+typedef enum {
+  KsPeekOperation_PeekOnly,
+  KsPeekOperation_AddRef
+} KSPEEKOPERATION;
+
+typedef struct _KSSTREAM_SEGMENT *PKSSTREAM_SEGMENT;
+struct IKsPin;
+
+#undef INTERFACE
+#define INTERFACE IKsPin
+DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsPin,IUnknown)
+{
+  STDMETHOD(KsQueryMediums)		(THIS_
+						PKSMULTIPLE_ITEM *MediumList
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsQueryInterfaces)		(THIS_
+						PKSMULTIPLE_ITEM *InterfaceList
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsCreateSinkPinHandle)	(THIS_
+						KSPIN_INTERFACE& Interface,
+						KSPIN_MEDIUM& Medium
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsGetCurrentCommunication)	(THIS_
+						KSPIN_COMMUNICATION *Communication,
+						KSPIN_INTERFACE *Interface,
+						KSPIN_MEDIUM *Medium
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsPropagateAcquire)		(THIS) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsDeliver)			(THIS_
+						IMediaSample *Sample,
+						ULONG Flags
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsMediaSamplesCompleted)	(THIS_
+						PKSSTREAM_SEGMENT StreamSegment
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(IMemAllocator *,KsPeekAllocator)(THIS_
+						KSPEEKOPERATION Operation
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsReceiveAllocator)		(THIS_
+						IMemAllocator *MemAllocator
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsRenegotiateAllocator)	(THIS) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(LONG,KsIncrementPendingIoCount)(THIS) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(LONG,KsDecrementPendingIoCount)(THIS) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsQualityNotify)		(THIS_
+						ULONG Proportion,
+						REFERENCE_TIME TimeDelta
+					) PURE;
+};
+
+struct IKsPinEx;
+#undef INTERFACE
+#define INTERFACE IKsPinEx
+DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsPinEx,IKsPin)
+{
+  STDMETHOD_(VOID,KsNotifyError)	(THIS_
+						IMediaSample *Sample,
+						HRESULT hr
+					) PURE;
+};
+
+struct IKsPinPipe;
+#undef INTERFACE
+#define INTERFACE IKsPinPipe
+DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsPinPipe,IUnknown)
+{
+  STDMETHOD(KsGetPinFramingCache)	(THIS_
+						PKSALLOCATOR_FRAMING_EX *FramingEx,
+						PFRAMING_PROP FramingProp,
+						FRAMING_CACHE_OPS Option
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsSetPinFramingCache)	(THIS_
+						PKSALLOCATOR_FRAMING_EX FramingEx,
+						PFRAMING_PROP FramingProp,
+						FRAMING_CACHE_OPS Option
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(IPin*,KsGetConnectedPin)	(THIS) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(IKsAllocatorEx*,KsGetPipe)	(THIS_
+						KSPEEKOPERATION Operation
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsSetPipe)			(THIS_
+						IKsAllocatorEx *KsAllocator
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(ULONG,KsGetPipeAllocatorFlag)(THIS) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsSetPipeAllocatorFlag)	(THIS_
+						ULONG Flag
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(GUID,KsGetPinBusCache)	(THIS) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsSetPinBusCache)		(THIS_
+						GUID Bus
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(PWCHAR,KsGetPinName)	(THIS) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD_(PWCHAR,KsGetFilterName)	(THIS) PURE;
+};
+
+struct IKsPinFactory;
+#undef INTERFACE
+#define INTERFACE IKsPinFactory
+DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsPinFactory,IUnknown)
+{
+  STDMETHOD(KsPinFactory)		(THIS_
+						ULONG *PinFactory
+					) PURE;
+};
+
+typedef enum {
+  KsIoOperation_Write,
+  KsIoOperation_Read
+} KSIOOPERATION;
+
+struct IKsDataTypeHandler;
+#undef INTERFACE
+#define INTERFACE IKsDataTypeHandler
+DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsDataTypeHandler,IUnknown)
+{
+  STDMETHOD(KsCompleteIoOperation)	(THIS_
+						IMediaSample *Sample,
+						PVOID StreamHeader,
+						KSIOOPERATION IoOperation,
+						WINBOOL Cancelled
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsIsMediaTypeInRanges)	(THIS_
+						PVOID DataRanges
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsPrepareIoOperation)	(THIS_
+						IMediaSample *Sample,
+						PVOID StreamHeader,
+						KSIOOPERATION IoOperation
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsQueryExtendedSize)	(THIS_
+						ULONG *ExtendedSize
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsSetMediaType)		(THIS_
+						const AM_MEDIA_TYPE *AmMediaType
+					) PURE;
+};
+
+struct IKsDataTypeCompletion;
+#undef INTERFACE
+#define INTERFACE IKsDataTypeCompletion
+DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsDataTypeCompletion,IUnknown)
+{
+  STDMETHOD(KsCompleteMediaType)	(THIS_
+						HANDLE FilterHandle,
+						ULONG PinFactoryId,
+						AM_MEDIA_TYPE *AmMediaType
+					) PURE;
+};
+
+struct IKsInterfaceHandler;
+#undef INTERFACE
+#define INTERFACE IKsInterfaceHandler
+DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsInterfaceHandler,IUnknown)
+{
+  STDMETHOD(KsSetPin)			(THIS_
+						IKsPin *KsPin
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsProcessMediaSamples)	(THIS_
+						IKsDataTypeHandler *KsDataTypeHandler,
+						IMediaSample **SampleList,
+						PLONG SampleCount,
+						KSIOOPERATION IoOperation,
+						PKSSTREAM_SEGMENT *StreamSegment
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsCompleteIo)		(THIS_
+						PKSSTREAM_SEGMENT StreamSegment
+					) PURE;
+};
+
+typedef struct _KSSTREAM_SEGMENT {
+  IKsInterfaceHandler *KsInterfaceHandler;
+  IKsDataTypeHandler *KsDataTypeHandler;
+  KSIOOPERATION IoOperation;
+  HANDLE CompletionEvent;
+} KSSTREAM_SEGMENT;
+
+struct IKsObject;
+#undef INTERFACE
+#define INTERFACE IKsObject
+DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsObject,IUnknown)
+{
+  STDMETHOD_(HANDLE,KsGetObjectHandle)	(THIS) PURE;
+};
+
+struct IKsQualityForwarder;
+#undef INTERFACE
+#define INTERFACE IKsQualityForwarder
+DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsQualityForwarder,IKsObject)
+{
+  STDMETHOD_(VOID,KsFlushClient)	(THIS_
+						IKsPin *Pin
+					) PURE;
+};
+
+struct IKsNotifyEvent;
+#undef INTERFACE
+#define INTERFACE IKsNotifyEvent
+DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsNotifyEvent,IUnknown)
+{
+  STDMETHOD(KsNotifyEvent)		(THIS_
+						ULONG Event,
+						ULONG_PTR lParam1,
+						ULONG_PTR lParam2
+					) PURE;
+};
+
+KSDDKAPI HRESULT WINAPI KsResolveRequiredAttributes(PKSDATARANGE DataRange,PKSMULTIPLE_ITEM Attributes);
+KSDDKAPI HRESULT WINAPI KsOpenDefaultDevice(REFGUID Category,ACCESS_MASK Access,PHANDLE DeviceHandle);
+KSDDKAPI HRESULT WINAPI KsSynchronousDeviceControl(HANDLE Handle,ULONG IoControl,PVOID InBuffer,ULONG InLength,PVOID OutBuffer,ULONG OutLength,PULONG BytesReturned);
+KSDDKAPI HRESULT WINAPI KsGetMultiplePinFactoryItems(HANDLE FilterHandle,ULONG PinFactoryId,ULONG PropertyId,PVOID *Items);
+KSDDKAPI HRESULT WINAPI KsGetMediaTypeCount(HANDLE FilterHandle,ULONG PinFactoryId,ULONG *MediaTypeCount);
+KSDDKAPI HRESULT WINAPI KsGetMediaType(int Position,AM_MEDIA_TYPE *AmMediaType,HANDLE FilterHandle,ULONG PinFactoryId);
+#endif /* __STREAMS__ */
+
+#ifndef _IKsPropertySet_
+DEFINE_GUIDEX(IID_IKsPropertySet);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef _IKsControl_
+DEFINE_GUIDEX(IID_IKsControl);
+#endif
+
+DEFINE_GUIDEX(IID_IKsAggregateControl);
+#ifndef _IKsTopology_
+DEFINE_GUIDEX(IID_IKsTopology);
+#endif
+DEFINE_GUIDSTRUCT("17CCA71B-ECD7-11D0-B908-00A0C9223196",CLSID_Proxy);
+#define CLSID_Proxy DEFINE_GUIDNAMED(CLSID_Proxy)
+
+#else /* _KS_ */
+
+#ifndef _IKsPropertySet_
+DEFINE_GUID(IID_IKsPropertySet,STATIC_IID_IKsPropertySet);
+#endif
+
+DEFINE_GUID(CLSID_Proxy,STATIC_CLSID_Proxy);
+
+#endif /* _KS_ */
+
+#ifndef _IKsPropertySet_
+#define _IKsPropertySet_
+#define KSPROPERTY_SUPPORT_GET 1
+#define KSPROPERTY_SUPPORT_SET 2
+
+#ifdef DECLARE_INTERFACE_
+struct IKsPropertySet;
+#undef INTERFACE
+#define INTERFACE IKsPropertySet
+DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsPropertySet,IUnknown)
+{
+  STDMETHOD(Set)			(THIS_
+						REFGUID PropSet,
+						ULONG Id,
+						LPVOID InstanceData,
+						ULONG InstanceLength,
+						LPVOID PropertyData,
+						ULONG DataLength
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(Get)			(THIS_
+						REFGUID PropSet,
+						ULONG Id,
+						LPVOID InstanceData,
+						ULONG InstanceLength,
+						LPVOID PropertyData,
+						ULONG DataLength,
+						ULONG *BytesReturned
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(QuerySupported)		(THIS_
+						REFGUID PropSet,
+						ULONG Id,
+						ULONG *TypeSupport
+					) PURE;
+};
+#endif /* DECLARE_INTERFACE_ */
+#endif /* _IKsPropertySet_ */
+
+#ifndef _IKsControl_
+#define _IKsControl_
+#ifdef DECLARE_INTERFACE_
+struct IKsControl;
+#undef INTERFACE
+#define INTERFACE IKsControl
+DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsControl,IUnknown)
+{
+  STDMETHOD(KsProperty)			(THIS_
+						PKSPROPERTY Property,
+						ULONG PropertyLength,
+						LPVOID PropertyData,
+						ULONG DataLength,
+						ULONG *BytesReturned
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsMethod)			(THIS_
+						PKSMETHOD Method,
+						ULONG MethodLength,
+						LPVOID MethodData,
+						ULONG DataLength,
+						ULONG *BytesReturned
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsEvent)			(THIS_
+						PKSEVENT Event,
+						ULONG EventLength,
+						LPVOID EventData,
+						ULONG DataLength,
+						ULONG *BytesReturned
+					) PURE;
+};
+#endif /* DECLARE_INTERFACE_ */
+#endif /* _IKsControl_ */
+
+#ifdef DECLARE_INTERFACE_
+struct IKsAggregateControl;
+#undef INTERFACE
+#define INTERFACE IKsAggregateControl
+DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsAggregateControl,IUnknown)
+{
+  STDMETHOD(KsAddAggregate)		(THIS_
+						REFGUID AggregateClass
+					) PURE;
+  STDMETHOD(KsRemoveAggregate)		(THIS_
+						REFGUID AggregateClass
+					) PURE;
+};
+#endif /* DECLARE_INTERFACE_ */
+
+#ifndef _IKsTopology_
+#define _IKsTopology_
+#ifdef DECLARE_INTERFACE_
+struct IKsTopology;
+#undef INTERFACE
+#define INTERFACE IKsTopology
+DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IKsTopology,IUnknown)
+{
+  STDMETHOD(CreateNodeInstance)		(THIS_
+						ULONG NodeId,
+						ULONG Flags,
+						ACCESS_MASK DesiredAccess,
+						IUnknown *UnkOuter,
+						REFGUID InterfaceId,
+						LPVOID *Interface
+					) PURE;
+};
+#endif /* DECLARE_INTERFACE_ */
+#endif /* _IKsTopology_ */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif /* __KSPROXY__ */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ksuuids.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ksuuids.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d0efff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ksuuids.h
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+/**
+ * This file has no copyright assigned and is placed in the Public Domain.
+ * This file is part of the w64 mingw-runtime package.
+ * No warranty is given; refer to the file DISCLAIMER.PD within this package.
+ */
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIATYPE_MPEG2_PACK,
+		0x36523B13,0x8EE5,0x11d1,0x8C,0xA3,0x00,0x60,0xB0,0x57,0x66,0x4A)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIATYPE_MPEG2_PES,
+		0xe06d8020,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x5f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIATYPE_MPEG2_SECTIONS,
+		0x455f176c,0x4b06,0x47ce,0x9a,0xef,0x8c,0xae,0xf7,0x3d,0xf7,0xb5)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIASUBTYPE_ATSC_SI,
+		0xb3c7397c,0xd303,0x414d,0xb3,0x3c,0x4e,0xd2,0xc9,0xd2,0x97,0x33)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIASUBTYPE_DVB_SI,
+		0xe9dd31a3,0x221d,0x4adb,0x85,0x32,0x9a,0xf3,0x9,0xc1,0xa4,0x8)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIASUBTYPE_MPEG2DATA,
+		0xc892e55b,0x252d,0x42b5,0xa3,0x16,0xd9,0x97,0xe7,0xa5,0xd9,0x95)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIASUBTYPE_MPEG2_VIDEO,
+		0xe06d8026,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x5f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(FORMAT_MPEG2_VIDEO,
+		0xe06d80e3,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x5f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(FORMAT_VIDEOINFO2,
+		0xf72a76A0L,0xeb0a,0x11d0,0xac,0xe4,0x0,0x0,0xc0,0xcc,0x16,0xba)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIASUBTYPE_MPEG2_PROGRAM,
+		0xe06d8022,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x05f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIASUBTYPE_MPEG2_TRANSPORT,
+		0xe06d8023,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x05f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIASUBTYPE_MPEG2_TRANSPORT_STRIDE,
+		0x138aa9a4,0x1ee2,0x4c5b,0x98,0x8e,0x19,0xab,0xfd,0xbc,0x8a,0x11)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIASUBTYPE_MPEG2_AUDIO,
+		0xe06d802b,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x05f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIASUBTYPE_DOLBY_AC3,
+		0xe06d802c,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x05f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIASUBTYPE_DVD_SUBPICTURE,
+		0xe06d802d,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x05f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIASUBTYPE_DVD_LPCM_AUDIO,
+		0xe06d8032,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x05f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIASUBTYPE_DTS,
+		0xe06d8033,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x05f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIASUBTYPE_SDDS,
+		0xe06d8034,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x05f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIATYPE_DVD_ENCRYPTED_PACK,
+		0xed0b916a,0x044d,0x11d1,0xaa,0x78,0x00,0xc0,0x04f,0xc3,0x1d,0x60)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIATYPE_DVD_NAVIGATION,
+		0xe06d802e,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x05f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIASUBTYPE_DVD_NAVIGATION_PCI,
+		0xe06d802f,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x05f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIASUBTYPE_DVD_NAVIGATION_DSI,
+		0xe06d8030,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x05f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(MEDIASUBTYPE_DVD_NAVIGATION_PROVIDER,
+		0xe06d8031,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x05f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(FORMAT_MPEG2Video,
+		0xe06d80e3,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x05f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(FORMAT_DolbyAC3,
+		0xe06d80e4,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x05f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(FORMAT_MPEG2Audio,
+		0xe06d80e5,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x05f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(FORMAT_DVD_LPCMAudio,
+		0xe06d80e6,0xdb46,0x11cf,0xb4,0xd1,0x00,0x80,0x05f,0x6c,0xbb,0xea)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(AM_KSPROPSETID_AC3,
+		0xBFABE720,0x6E1F,0x11D0,0xBC,0xF2,0x44,0x45,0x53,0x54,0x00,0x00)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(AM_KSPROPSETID_DvdSubPic,
+		0xac390460,0x43af,0x11d0,0xbd,0x6a,0x00,0x35,0x05,0xc1,0x03,0xa9)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(AM_KSPROPSETID_CopyProt,
+		0x0E8A0A40,0x6AEF,0x11D0,0x9E,0xD0,0x00,0xA0,0x24,0xCA,0x19,0xB3)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(AM_KSPROPSETID_TSRateChange,
+		0xa503c5c0,0x1d1d,0x11d1,0xad,0x80,0x44,0x45,0x53,0x54,0x0,0x0)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(AM_KSPROPSETID_DVD_RateChange,
+		0x3577eb09,0x9582,0x477f,0xb2,0x9c,0xb0,0xc4,0x52,0xa4,0xff,0x9a)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(AM_KSPROPSETID_DvdKaraoke,
+		0xae4720ae,0xaa71,0x42d8,0xb8,0x2a,0xff,0xfd,0xf5,0x8b,0x76,0xfd)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(AM_KSPROPSETID_FrameStep,
+		0xc830acbd,0xab07,0x492f,0x88,0x52,0x45,0xb6,0x98,0x7c,0x29,0x79)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(AM_KSCATEGORY_CAPTURE,
+		0x65E8773DL,0x8F56,0x11D0,0xA3,0xB9,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(AM_KSCATEGORY_RENDER,
+		0x65E8773EL,0x8F56,0x11D0,0xA3,0xB9,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(AM_KSCATEGORY_DATACOMPRESSOR,
+		0x1E84C900L,0x7E70,0x11D0,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(AM_KSCATEGORY_AUDIO,
+		0x6994AD04L,0x93EF,0x11D0,0xA3,0xCC,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(AM_KSCATEGORY_VIDEO,
+		0x6994AD05L,0x93EF,0x11D0,0xA3,0xCC,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(AM_KSCATEGORY_TVTUNER,
+		0xa799a800L,0xa46d,0x11d0,0xa1,0x8c,0x00,0xa0,0x24,0x01,0xdc,0xd4)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(AM_KSCATEGORY_CROSSBAR,
+		0xa799a801L,0xa46d,0x11d0,0xa1,0x8c,0x00,0xa0,0x24,0x01,0xdc,0xd4)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(AM_KSCATEGORY_TVAUDIO,
+		0xa799a802L,0xa46d,0x11d0,0xa1,0x8c,0x00,0xa0,0x24,0x01,0xdc,0xd4)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(AM_KSCATEGORY_VBICODEC,
+		0x07dad660L,0x22f1,0x11d1,0xa9,0xf4,0x00,0xc0,0x4f,0xbb,0xde,0x8f)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(AM_KSCATEGORY_VBICODEC_MI,
+		0x9c24a977,0x951,0x451a,0x80,0x6,0xe,0x49,0xbd,0x28,0xcd,0x5f)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(AM_KSCATEGORY_SPLITTER,
+		0x0A4252A0L,0x7E70,0x11D0,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(IID_IKsInterfaceHandler,
+		0xD3ABC7E0L,0x9A61,0x11D0,0xA4,0x0D,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(IID_IKsDataTypeHandler,
+		0x5FFBAA02L,0x49A3,0x11D0,0x9F,0x36,0x00,0xAA,0x00,0xA2,0x16,0xA1)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(IID_IKsPin,
+		0xb61178d1L,0xa2d9,0x11cf,0x9e,0x53,0x00,0xaa,0x00,0xa2,0x16,0xa1)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(IID_IKsControl,
+		0x28F54685L,0x06FD,0x11D2,0xB2,0x7A,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(IID_IKsPinFactory,
+		0xCD5EBE6BL,0x8B6E,0x11D1,0x8A,0xE0,0x00,0xA0,0xC9,0x22,0x31,0x96)
+
+OUR_GUID_ENTRY(AM_INTERFACESETID_Standard,
+		0x1A8766A0L,0x62CE,0x11CF,0xA5,0xD6,0x28,0xDB,0x04,0xC1,0x00,0x00)
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/mmdeviceapi.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/mmdeviceapi.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a75e475
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/mmdeviceapi.h
@@ -0,0 +1,929 @@
+
+
+/* this ALWAYS GENERATED file contains the definitions for the interfaces */
+
+
+ /* File created by MIDL compiler version 7.00.0499 */
+/* Compiler settings for mmdeviceapi.idl:
+    Oicf, W1, Zp8, env=Win32 (32b run)
+    protocol : dce , ms_ext, c_ext, robust
+    error checks: allocation ref bounds_check enum stub_data 
+    VC __declspec() decoration level: 
+         __declspec(uuid()), __declspec(selectany), __declspec(novtable)
+         DECLSPEC_UUID(), MIDL_INTERFACE()
+*/
+//@@MIDL_FILE_HEADING(  )
+
+#pragma warning( disable: 4049 )  /* more than 64k source lines */
+
+
+/* verify that the <rpcndr.h> version is high enough to compile this file*/
+#ifndef __REQUIRED_RPCNDR_H_VERSION__
+#define __REQUIRED_RPCNDR_H_VERSION__ 500
+#endif
+
+/* verify that the <rpcsal.h> version is high enough to compile this file*/
+#ifndef __REQUIRED_RPCSAL_H_VERSION__
+#define __REQUIRED_RPCSAL_H_VERSION__ 100
+#endif
+
+#include "rpc.h"
+#include "rpcndr.h"
+
+#ifndef __RPCNDR_H_VERSION__
+#error this stub requires an updated version of <rpcndr.h>
+#endif // __RPCNDR_H_VERSION__
+
+#ifndef COM_NO_WINDOWS_H
+#include "windows.h"
+#include "ole2.h"
+#endif /*COM_NO_WINDOWS_H*/
+
+#ifndef __mmdeviceapi_h__
+#define __mmdeviceapi_h__
+
+#if __GNUC__ >=3
+#pragma GCC system_header
+#endif
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1020)
+#pragma once
+#endif
+
+/* Forward Declarations */ 
+
+#ifndef __IMMNotificationClient_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IMMNotificationClient_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IMMNotificationClient IMMNotificationClient;
+#endif 	/* __IMMNotificationClient_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IMMDevice_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IMMDevice_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IMMDevice IMMDevice;
+#endif 	/* __IMMDevice_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IMMDeviceCollection_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IMMDeviceCollection_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IMMDeviceCollection IMMDeviceCollection;
+#endif 	/* __IMMDeviceCollection_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IMMEndpoint_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IMMEndpoint_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IMMEndpoint IMMEndpoint;
+#endif 	/* __IMMEndpoint_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IMMDeviceEnumerator_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IMMDeviceEnumerator_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IMMDeviceEnumerator IMMDeviceEnumerator;
+#endif 	/* __IMMDeviceEnumerator_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IMMDeviceActivator_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IMMDeviceActivator_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IMMDeviceActivator IMMDeviceActivator;
+#endif 	/* __IMMDeviceActivator_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __MMDeviceEnumerator_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __MMDeviceEnumerator_FWD_DEFINED__
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+typedef class MMDeviceEnumerator MMDeviceEnumerator;
+#else
+typedef struct MMDeviceEnumerator MMDeviceEnumerator;
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif 	/* __MMDeviceEnumerator_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+/* header files for imported files */
+#include "unknwn.h"
+#include "propsys.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"{
+#endif 
+
+
+/* interface __MIDL_itf_mmdeviceapi_0000_0000 */
+/* [local] */ 
+
+#define E_NOTFOUND HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_NOT_FOUND)
+#define E_UNSUPPORTED_TYPE HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_TYPE)
+#define DEVICE_STATE_ACTIVE      0x00000001
+#define DEVICE_STATE_DISABLED    0x00000002
+#define DEVICE_STATE_NOTPRESENT  0x00000004
+#define DEVICE_STATE_UNPLUGGED   0x00000008
+#define DEVICE_STATEMASK_ALL     0x0000000f
+#ifdef DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY
+#undef DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY
+#endif
+#ifdef INITGUID
+#define DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(name, l, w1, w2, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8, pid) EXTERN_C const PROPERTYKEY name = { { l, w1, w2, { b1, b2,  b3,  b4,  b5,  b6,  b7,  b8 } }, pid }
+#else
+#define DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(name, l, w1, w2, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8, pid) EXTERN_C const PROPERTYKEY name
+#endif // INITGUID
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_AudioEndpoint_FormFactor, 0x1da5d803, 0xd492, 0x4edd, 0x8c, 0x23, 0xe0, 0xc0, 0xff, 0xee, 0x7f, 0x0e, 0); 
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_AudioEndpoint_ControlPanelPageProvider, 0x1da5d803, 0xd492, 0x4edd, 0x8c, 0x23, 0xe0, 0xc0, 0xff, 0xee, 0x7f, 0x0e, 1); 
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_AudioEndpoint_Association, 0x1da5d803, 0xd492, 0x4edd, 0x8c, 0x23, 0xe0, 0xc0, 0xff, 0xee, 0x7f, 0x0e, 2);
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_AudioEndpoint_PhysicalSpeakers, 0x1da5d803, 0xd492, 0x4edd, 0x8c, 0x23, 0xe0, 0xc0, 0xff, 0xee, 0x7f, 0x0e, 3);
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_AudioEndpoint_GUID, 0x1da5d803, 0xd492, 0x4edd, 0x8c, 0x23, 0xe0, 0xc0, 0xff, 0xee, 0x7f, 0x0e, 4);
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_AudioEndpoint_Disable_SysFx, 0x1da5d803, 0xd492, 0x4edd, 0x8c, 0x23, 0xe0, 0xc0, 0xff, 0xee, 0x7f, 0x0e, 5);
+#define ENDPOINT_SYSFX_ENABLED          0x00000000  // System Effects are enabled.
+#define ENDPOINT_SYSFX_DISABLED         0x00000001  // System Effects are disabled.
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_AudioEndpoint_FullRangeSpeakers, 0x1da5d803, 0xd492, 0x4edd, 0x8c, 0x23, 0xe0, 0xc0, 0xff, 0xee, 0x7f, 0x0e, 6);
+DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(PKEY_AudioEngine_DeviceFormat, 0xf19f064d, 0x82c, 0x4e27, 0xbc, 0x73, 0x68, 0x82, 0xa1, 0xbb, 0x8e, 0x4c, 0); 
+typedef struct tagDIRECTX_AUDIO_ACTIVATION_PARAMS
+    {
+    DWORD cbDirectXAudioActivationParams;
+    GUID guidAudioSession;
+    DWORD dwAudioStreamFlags;
+    } 	DIRECTX_AUDIO_ACTIVATION_PARAMS;
+
+typedef struct tagDIRECTX_AUDIO_ACTIVATION_PARAMS *PDIRECTX_AUDIO_ACTIVATION_PARAMS;
+
+typedef /* [public][public][public][public][public] */ 
+enum __MIDL___MIDL_itf_mmdeviceapi_0000_0000_0001
+    {	eRender	= 0,
+	eCapture	= ( eRender + 1 ) ,
+	eAll	= ( eCapture + 1 ) ,
+	EDataFlow_enum_count	= ( eAll + 1 ) 
+    } 	EDataFlow;
+
+typedef /* [public][public][public] */ 
+enum __MIDL___MIDL_itf_mmdeviceapi_0000_0000_0002
+    {	eConsole	= 0,
+	eMultimedia	= ( eConsole + 1 ) ,
+	eCommunications	= ( eMultimedia + 1 ) ,
+	ERole_enum_count	= ( eCommunications + 1 ) 
+    } 	ERole;
+
+typedef /* [public] */ 
+enum __MIDL___MIDL_itf_mmdeviceapi_0000_0000_0003
+    {	RemoteNetworkDevice	= 0,
+	Speakers	= ( RemoteNetworkDevice + 1 ) ,
+	LineLevel	= ( Speakers + 1 ) ,
+	Headphones	= ( LineLevel + 1 ) ,
+	Microphone	= ( Headphones + 1 ) ,
+	Headset	= ( Microphone + 1 ) ,
+	Handset	= ( Headset + 1 ) ,
+	UnknownDigitalPassthrough	= ( Handset + 1 ) ,
+	SPDIF	= ( UnknownDigitalPassthrough + 1 ) ,
+	HDMI	= ( SPDIF + 1 ) ,
+	UnknownFormFactor	= ( HDMI + 1 ) 
+    } 	EndpointFormFactor;
+
+
+
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_mmdeviceapi_0000_0000_v0_0_c_ifspec;
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_mmdeviceapi_0000_0000_v0_0_s_ifspec;
+
+#ifndef __IMMNotificationClient_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IMMNotificationClient_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IMMNotificationClient */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IMMNotificationClient;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("7991EEC9-7E89-4D85-8390-6C703CEC60C0")
+    IMMNotificationClient : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE OnDeviceStateChanged( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  LPCWSTR pwstrDeviceId,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  DWORD dwNewState) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE OnDeviceAdded( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  LPCWSTR pwstrDeviceId) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE OnDeviceRemoved( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  LPCWSTR pwstrDeviceId) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE OnDefaultDeviceChanged( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  EDataFlow flow,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  ERole role,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  LPCWSTR pwstrDefaultDeviceId) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE OnPropertyValueChanged( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  LPCWSTR pwstrDeviceId,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  const PROPERTYKEY key) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IMMNotificationClientVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IMMNotificationClient * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IMMNotificationClient * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IMMNotificationClient * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *OnDeviceStateChanged )( 
+            IMMNotificationClient * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  LPCWSTR pwstrDeviceId,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  DWORD dwNewState);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *OnDeviceAdded )( 
+            IMMNotificationClient * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  LPCWSTR pwstrDeviceId);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *OnDeviceRemoved )( 
+            IMMNotificationClient * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  LPCWSTR pwstrDeviceId);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *OnDefaultDeviceChanged )( 
+            IMMNotificationClient * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  EDataFlow flow,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  ERole role,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  LPCWSTR pwstrDefaultDeviceId);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *OnPropertyValueChanged )( 
+            IMMNotificationClient * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  LPCWSTR pwstrDeviceId,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  const PROPERTYKEY key);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IMMNotificationClientVtbl;
+
+    interface IMMNotificationClient
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IMMNotificationClientVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IMMNotificationClient_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IMMNotificationClient_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IMMNotificationClient_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IMMNotificationClient_OnDeviceStateChanged(This,pwstrDeviceId,dwNewState)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> OnDeviceStateChanged(This,pwstrDeviceId,dwNewState) ) 
+
+#define IMMNotificationClient_OnDeviceAdded(This,pwstrDeviceId)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> OnDeviceAdded(This,pwstrDeviceId) ) 
+
+#define IMMNotificationClient_OnDeviceRemoved(This,pwstrDeviceId)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> OnDeviceRemoved(This,pwstrDeviceId) ) 
+
+#define IMMNotificationClient_OnDefaultDeviceChanged(This,flow,role,pwstrDefaultDeviceId)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> OnDefaultDeviceChanged(This,flow,role,pwstrDefaultDeviceId) ) 
+
+#define IMMNotificationClient_OnPropertyValueChanged(This,pwstrDeviceId,key)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> OnPropertyValueChanged(This,pwstrDeviceId,key) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IMMNotificationClient_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IMMDevice_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IMMDevice_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IMMDevice */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IMMDevice;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("D666063F-1587-4E43-81F1-B948E807363F")
+    IMMDevice : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Activate( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  REFIID iid,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  DWORD dwClsCtx,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  PROPVARIANT *pActivationParams,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __out  void **ppInterface) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE OpenPropertyStore( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  DWORD stgmAccess,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IPropertyStore **ppProperties) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetId( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  LPWSTR *ppstrId) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetState( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  DWORD *pdwState) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IMMDeviceVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IMMDevice * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IMMDevice * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IMMDevice * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Activate )( 
+            IMMDevice * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  REFIID iid,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  DWORD dwClsCtx,
+            /* [unique][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  PROPVARIANT *pActivationParams,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __out  void **ppInterface);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *OpenPropertyStore )( 
+            IMMDevice * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  DWORD stgmAccess,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IPropertyStore **ppProperties);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetId )( 
+            IMMDevice * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out  LPWSTR *ppstrId);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetState )( 
+            IMMDevice * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  DWORD *pdwState);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IMMDeviceVtbl;
+
+    interface IMMDevice
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IMMDeviceVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IMMDevice_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IMMDevice_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IMMDevice_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IMMDevice_Activate(This,iid,dwClsCtx,pActivationParams,ppInterface)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Activate(This,iid,dwClsCtx,pActivationParams,ppInterface) ) 
+
+#define IMMDevice_OpenPropertyStore(This,stgmAccess,ppProperties)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> OpenPropertyStore(This,stgmAccess,ppProperties) ) 
+
+#define IMMDevice_GetId(This,ppstrId)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetId(This,ppstrId) ) 
+
+#define IMMDevice_GetState(This,pdwState)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetState(This,pdwState) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IMMDevice_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IMMDeviceCollection_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IMMDeviceCollection_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IMMDeviceCollection */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IMMDeviceCollection;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("0BD7A1BE-7A1A-44DB-8397-CC5392387B5E")
+    IMMDeviceCollection : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetCount( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pcDevices) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Item( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nDevice,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IMMDevice **ppDevice) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IMMDeviceCollectionVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IMMDeviceCollection * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IMMDeviceCollection * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IMMDeviceCollection * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetCount )( 
+            IMMDeviceCollection * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  UINT *pcDevices);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Item )( 
+            IMMDeviceCollection * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  UINT nDevice,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IMMDevice **ppDevice);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IMMDeviceCollectionVtbl;
+
+    interface IMMDeviceCollection
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IMMDeviceCollectionVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IMMDeviceCollection_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IMMDeviceCollection_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IMMDeviceCollection_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IMMDeviceCollection_GetCount(This,pcDevices)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetCount(This,pcDevices) ) 
+
+#define IMMDeviceCollection_Item(This,nDevice,ppDevice)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Item(This,nDevice,ppDevice) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IMMDeviceCollection_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IMMEndpoint_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IMMEndpoint_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IMMEndpoint */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IMMEndpoint;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("1BE09788-6894-4089-8586-9A2A6C265AC5")
+    IMMEndpoint : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetDataFlow( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  EDataFlow *pDataFlow) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IMMEndpointVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IMMEndpoint * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IMMEndpoint * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IMMEndpoint * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetDataFlow )( 
+            IMMEndpoint * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  EDataFlow *pDataFlow);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IMMEndpointVtbl;
+
+    interface IMMEndpoint
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IMMEndpointVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IMMEndpoint_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IMMEndpoint_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IMMEndpoint_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IMMEndpoint_GetDataFlow(This,pDataFlow)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetDataFlow(This,pDataFlow) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IMMEndpoint_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IMMDeviceEnumerator_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IMMDeviceEnumerator_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IMMDeviceEnumerator */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IMMDeviceEnumerator;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("A95664D2-9614-4F35-A746-DE8DB63617E6")
+    IMMDeviceEnumerator : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE EnumAudioEndpoints( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  EDataFlow dataFlow,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  DWORD dwStateMask,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IMMDeviceCollection **ppDevices) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetDefaultAudioEndpoint( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  EDataFlow dataFlow,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  ERole role,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IMMDevice **ppEndpoint) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetDevice( 
+            /*  */ 
+            __in  LPCWSTR pwstrId,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IMMDevice **ppDevice) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE RegisterEndpointNotificationCallback( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  IMMNotificationClient *pClient) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE UnregisterEndpointNotificationCallback( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  IMMNotificationClient *pClient) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IMMDeviceEnumeratorVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IMMDeviceEnumerator * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IMMDeviceEnumerator * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IMMDeviceEnumerator * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *EnumAudioEndpoints )( 
+            IMMDeviceEnumerator * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  EDataFlow dataFlow,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  DWORD dwStateMask,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IMMDeviceCollection **ppDevices);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetDefaultAudioEndpoint )( 
+            IMMDeviceEnumerator * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  EDataFlow dataFlow,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  ERole role,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IMMDevice **ppEndpoint);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetDevice )( 
+            IMMDeviceEnumerator * This,
+            /*  */ 
+            __in  LPCWSTR pwstrId,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  IMMDevice **ppDevice);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *RegisterEndpointNotificationCallback )( 
+            IMMDeviceEnumerator * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  IMMNotificationClient *pClient);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *UnregisterEndpointNotificationCallback )( 
+            IMMDeviceEnumerator * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  IMMNotificationClient *pClient);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IMMDeviceEnumeratorVtbl;
+
+    interface IMMDeviceEnumerator
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IMMDeviceEnumeratorVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IMMDeviceEnumerator_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IMMDeviceEnumerator_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IMMDeviceEnumerator_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IMMDeviceEnumerator_EnumAudioEndpoints(This,dataFlow,dwStateMask,ppDevices)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> EnumAudioEndpoints(This,dataFlow,dwStateMask,ppDevices) ) 
+
+#define IMMDeviceEnumerator_GetDefaultAudioEndpoint(This,dataFlow,role,ppEndpoint)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetDefaultAudioEndpoint(This,dataFlow,role,ppEndpoint) ) 
+
+#define IMMDeviceEnumerator_GetDevice(This,pwstrId,ppDevice)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetDevice(This,pwstrId,ppDevice) ) 
+
+#define IMMDeviceEnumerator_RegisterEndpointNotificationCallback(This,pClient)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> RegisterEndpointNotificationCallback(This,pClient) ) 
+
+#define IMMDeviceEnumerator_UnregisterEndpointNotificationCallback(This,pClient)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> UnregisterEndpointNotificationCallback(This,pClient) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IMMDeviceEnumerator_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IMMDeviceActivator_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IMMDeviceActivator_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IMMDeviceActivator */
+/* [unique][helpstring][nonextensible][uuid][local][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IMMDeviceActivator;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("3B0D0EA4-D0A9-4B0E-935B-09516746FAC0")
+    IMMDeviceActivator : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Activate( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  REFIID iid,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  IMMDevice *pDevice,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in_opt  PROPVARIANT *pActivationParams,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __out  void **ppInterface) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IMMDeviceActivatorVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IMMDeviceActivator * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IMMDeviceActivator * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IMMDeviceActivator * This);
+        
+        /* [helpstring][id] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Activate )( 
+            IMMDeviceActivator * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  REFIID iid,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  IMMDevice *pDevice,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in_opt  PROPVARIANT *pActivationParams,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __out  void **ppInterface);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IMMDeviceActivatorVtbl;
+
+    interface IMMDeviceActivator
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IMMDeviceActivatorVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IMMDeviceActivator_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IMMDeviceActivator_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IMMDeviceActivator_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IMMDeviceActivator_Activate(This,iid,pDevice,pActivationParams,ppInterface)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Activate(This,iid,pDevice,pActivationParams,ppInterface) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IMMDeviceActivator_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+/* interface __MIDL_itf_mmdeviceapi_0000_0006 */
+/* [local] */ 
+
+typedef /* [public] */ struct __MIDL___MIDL_itf_mmdeviceapi_0000_0006_0001
+    {
+    LPARAM AddPageParam;
+    IMMDevice *pEndpoint;
+    IMMDevice *pPnpInterface;
+    IMMDevice *pPnpDevnode;
+    } 	AudioExtensionParams;
+
+
+
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_mmdeviceapi_0000_0006_v0_0_c_ifspec;
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_mmdeviceapi_0000_0006_v0_0_s_ifspec;
+
+
+#ifndef __MMDeviceAPILib_LIBRARY_DEFINED__
+#define __MMDeviceAPILib_LIBRARY_DEFINED__
+
+/* library MMDeviceAPILib */
+/* [helpstring][version][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID LIBID_MMDeviceAPILib;
+
+EXTERN_C const CLSID CLSID_MMDeviceEnumerator;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+
+class DECLSPEC_UUID("BCDE0395-E52F-467C-8E3D-C4579291692E")
+MMDeviceEnumerator;
+#endif
+#endif /* __MMDeviceAPILib_LIBRARY_DEFINED__ */
+
+/* Additional Prototypes for ALL interfaces */
+
+/* end of Additional Prototypes */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/propkey.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/propkey.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5b68236
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/propkey.h
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+/**
+ * This file has no copyright assigned and is placed in the Public Domain.
+ * This file is part of the PortAudio library.
+ */
+#ifndef _INC_PROPKEY_PA
+#define _INC_PROPKEY_PA
+
+#ifndef DEFINE_API_PKEY
+#define DEFINE_API_PKEY(name, managed_name, l, w1, w2, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8, pid) \
+    DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(name, l, w1, w2, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8, pid)
+#endif
+
+#endif /* _INC_PROPKEY_PA */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/propkeydef.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/propkeydef.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a361044
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/propkeydef.h
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#ifndef PID_FIRST_USABLE
+#define PID_FIRST_USABLE 2
+#endif
+
+#ifndef REFPROPERTYKEY
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+#define REFPROPERTYKEY const PROPERTYKEY &
+#else // !__cplusplus
+#define REFPROPERTYKEY const PROPERTYKEY * __MIDL_CONST
+#endif // __cplusplus
+#endif //REFPROPERTYKEY
+
+#ifdef DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY
+#undef DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY
+#endif
+
+#ifdef INITGUID
+#define DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(name, l, w1, w2, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8, pid) EXTERN_C const PROPERTYKEY DECLSPEC_SELECTANY name = { { l, w1, w2, { b1, b2,  b3,  b4,  b5,  b6,  b7,  b8 } }, pid }
+#else
+#define DEFINE_PROPERTYKEY(name, l, w1, w2, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8, pid) EXTERN_C const PROPERTYKEY name
+#endif // INITGUID
+
+#ifndef IsEqualPropertyKey
+#define IsEqualPropertyKey(a, b)   (((a).pid == (b).pid) && IsEqualIID((a).fmtid, (b).fmtid) )
+#endif  // IsEqualPropertyKey
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/propsys.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/propsys.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ed5608
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/propsys.h
@@ -0,0 +1,3605 @@
+
+
+/* this ALWAYS GENERATED file contains the definitions for the interfaces */
+
+
+ /* File created by MIDL compiler version 7.00.0499 */
+/* Compiler settings for propsys.idl:
+    Oicf, W1, Zp8, env=Win32 (32b run)
+    protocol : dce , ms_ext, c_ext, robust
+    error checks: allocation ref bounds_check enum stub_data 
+    VC __declspec() decoration level: 
+         __declspec(uuid()), __declspec(selectany), __declspec(novtable)
+         DECLSPEC_UUID(), MIDL_INTERFACE()
+*/
+//@@MIDL_FILE_HEADING(  )
+
+#pragma warning( disable: 4049 )  /* more than 64k source lines */
+
+
+/* verify that the <rpcndr.h> version is high enough to compile this file*/
+#ifndef __REQUIRED_RPCNDR_H_VERSION__
+#define __REQUIRED_RPCNDR_H_VERSION__ 475
+#endif
+
+/* verify that the <rpcsal.h> version is high enough to compile this file*/
+#ifndef __REQUIRED_RPCSAL_H_VERSION__
+#define __REQUIRED_RPCSAL_H_VERSION__ 100
+#endif
+
+#include "rpc.h"
+#include "rpcndr.h"
+
+#ifndef __RPCNDR_H_VERSION__
+#error this stub requires an updated version of <rpcndr.h>
+#endif // __RPCNDR_H_VERSION__
+
+#ifndef COM_NO_WINDOWS_H
+#include "windows.h"
+#include "ole2.h"
+#endif /*COM_NO_WINDOWS_H*/
+
+#ifndef __propsys_h__
+#define __propsys_h__
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1020)
+#pragma once
+#endif
+
+/* Forward Declarations */ 
+
+#ifndef __IInitializeWithFile_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IInitializeWithFile_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IInitializeWithFile IInitializeWithFile;
+#endif 	/* __IInitializeWithFile_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IInitializeWithStream_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IInitializeWithStream_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IInitializeWithStream IInitializeWithStream;
+#endif 	/* __IInitializeWithStream_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyStore_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyStore_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IPropertyStore IPropertyStore;
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyStore_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __INamedPropertyStore_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __INamedPropertyStore_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface INamedPropertyStore INamedPropertyStore;
+#endif 	/* __INamedPropertyStore_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IObjectWithPropertyKey_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IObjectWithPropertyKey_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IObjectWithPropertyKey IObjectWithPropertyKey;
+#endif 	/* __IObjectWithPropertyKey_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyChange_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyChange_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IPropertyChange IPropertyChange;
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyChange_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyChangeArray_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyChangeArray_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IPropertyChangeArray IPropertyChangeArray;
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyChangeArray_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyStoreCapabilities_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyStoreCapabilities_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IPropertyStoreCapabilities IPropertyStoreCapabilities;
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyStoreCapabilities_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyStoreCache_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyStoreCache_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IPropertyStoreCache IPropertyStoreCache;
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyStoreCache_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyEnumType_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyEnumType_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IPropertyEnumType IPropertyEnumType;
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyEnumType_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyEnumTypeList_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyEnumTypeList_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IPropertyEnumTypeList IPropertyEnumTypeList;
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyEnumTypeList_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyDescription_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyDescription_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IPropertyDescription IPropertyDescription;
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyDescription_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo;
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo;
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertySystem_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertySystem_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IPropertySystem IPropertySystem;
+#endif 	/* __IPropertySystem_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyDescriptionList_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyDescriptionList_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IPropertyDescriptionList IPropertyDescriptionList;
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyDescriptionList_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyStoreFactory_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyStoreFactory_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IPropertyStoreFactory IPropertyStoreFactory;
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyStoreFactory_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory;
+#endif 	/* __IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPersistSerializedPropStorage_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IPersistSerializedPropStorage_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IPersistSerializedPropStorage IPersistSerializedPropStorage;
+#endif 	/* __IPersistSerializedPropStorage_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertySystemChangeNotify_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertySystemChangeNotify_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IPropertySystemChangeNotify IPropertySystemChangeNotify;
+#endif 	/* __IPropertySystemChangeNotify_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __ICreateObject_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __ICreateObject_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface ICreateObject ICreateObject;
+#endif 	/* __ICreateObject_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __InMemoryPropertyStore_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __InMemoryPropertyStore_FWD_DEFINED__
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+typedef class InMemoryPropertyStore InMemoryPropertyStore;
+#else
+typedef struct InMemoryPropertyStore InMemoryPropertyStore;
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif 	/* __InMemoryPropertyStore_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __PropertySystem_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __PropertySystem_FWD_DEFINED__
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+typedef class PropertySystem PropertySystem;
+#else
+typedef struct PropertySystem PropertySystem;
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif 	/* __PropertySystem_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+/* header files for imported files */
+#include "objidl.h"
+#include "oleidl.h"
+#include "ocidl.h"
+#include "shtypes.h"
+#include "structuredquery.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"{
+#endif 
+
+
+/* interface __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0000 */
+/* [local] */ 
+
+#ifndef PSSTDAPI
+#if defined(_PROPSYS_)
+#define PSSTDAPI          STDAPI
+#define PSSTDAPI_(type)   STDAPI_(type)
+#else
+#define PSSTDAPI          EXTERN_C DECLSPEC_IMPORT HRESULT STDAPICALLTYPE
+#define PSSTDAPI_(type)   EXTERN_C DECLSPEC_IMPORT type STDAPICALLTYPE
+#endif
+#endif // PSSTDAPI
+#if 0
+typedef PROPERTYKEY *REFPROPERTYKEY;
+
+#endif // 0
+#include <propkeydef.h>
+
+
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0000_v0_0_c_ifspec;
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0000_v0_0_s_ifspec;
+
+#ifndef __IInitializeWithFile_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IInitializeWithFile_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IInitializeWithFile */
+/* [unique][object][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IInitializeWithFile;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("b7d14566-0509-4cce-a71f-0a554233bd9b")
+    IInitializeWithFile : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Initialize( 
+            /* [string][in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszFilePath,
+            /* [in] */ DWORD grfMode) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IInitializeWithFileVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IInitializeWithFile * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IInitializeWithFile * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IInitializeWithFile * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Initialize )( 
+            IInitializeWithFile * This,
+            /* [string][in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszFilePath,
+            /* [in] */ DWORD grfMode);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IInitializeWithFileVtbl;
+
+    interface IInitializeWithFile
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IInitializeWithFileVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IInitializeWithFile_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IInitializeWithFile_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IInitializeWithFile_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IInitializeWithFile_Initialize(This,pszFilePath,grfMode)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Initialize(This,pszFilePath,grfMode) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IInitializeWithFile_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IInitializeWithStream_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IInitializeWithStream_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IInitializeWithStream */
+/* [unique][object][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IInitializeWithStream;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("b824b49d-22ac-4161-ac8a-9916e8fa3f7f")
+    IInitializeWithStream : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [local] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Initialize( 
+            /* [in] */ IStream *pstream,
+            /* [in] */ DWORD grfMode) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IInitializeWithStreamVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IInitializeWithStream * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IInitializeWithStream * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IInitializeWithStream * This);
+        
+        /* [local] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Initialize )( 
+            IInitializeWithStream * This,
+            /* [in] */ IStream *pstream,
+            /* [in] */ DWORD grfMode);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IInitializeWithStreamVtbl;
+
+    interface IInitializeWithStream
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IInitializeWithStreamVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IInitializeWithStream_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IInitializeWithStream_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IInitializeWithStream_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IInitializeWithStream_Initialize(This,pstream,grfMode)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Initialize(This,pstream,grfMode) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+/* [call_as] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE IInitializeWithStream_RemoteInitialize_Proxy( 
+    IInitializeWithStream * This,
+    /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IStream *pstream,
+    /* [in] */ DWORD grfMode);
+
+
+void __RPC_STUB IInitializeWithStream_RemoteInitialize_Stub(
+    IRpcStubBuffer *This,
+    IRpcChannelBuffer *_pRpcChannelBuffer,
+    PRPC_MESSAGE _pRpcMessage,
+    DWORD *_pdwStubPhase);
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IInitializeWithStream_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyStore_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyStore_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IPropertyStore */
+/* [unique][object][helpstring][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IPropertyStore;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("886d8eeb-8cf2-4446-8d02-cdba1dbdcf99")
+    IPropertyStore : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetCount( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out DWORD *cProps) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetAt( 
+            /* [in] */ DWORD iProp,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPERTYKEY *pkey) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetValue( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *pv) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetValue( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Commit( void) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IPropertyStoreVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IPropertyStore * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IPropertyStore * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IPropertyStore * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetCount )( 
+            IPropertyStore * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out DWORD *cProps);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetAt )( 
+            IPropertyStore * This,
+            /* [in] */ DWORD iProp,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPERTYKEY *pkey);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetValue )( 
+            IPropertyStore * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *pv);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetValue )( 
+            IPropertyStore * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Commit )( 
+            IPropertyStore * This);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IPropertyStoreVtbl;
+
+    interface IPropertyStore
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IPropertyStoreVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IPropertyStore_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyStore_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyStore_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IPropertyStore_GetCount(This,cProps)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetCount(This,cProps) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyStore_GetAt(This,iProp,pkey)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetAt(This,iProp,pkey) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyStore_GetValue(This,key,pv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetValue(This,key,pv) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyStore_SetValue(This,key,propvar)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetValue(This,key,propvar) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyStore_Commit(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Commit(This) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyStore_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+/* interface __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0003 */
+/* [local] */ 
+
+typedef /* [unique] */  __RPC_unique_pointer IPropertyStore *LPPROPERTYSTORE;
+
+
+
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0003_v0_0_c_ifspec;
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0003_v0_0_s_ifspec;
+
+#ifndef __INamedPropertyStore_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __INamedPropertyStore_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface INamedPropertyStore */
+/* [unique][object][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_INamedPropertyStore;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("71604b0f-97b0-4764-8577-2f13e98a1422")
+    INamedPropertyStore : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetNamedValue( 
+            /* [string][in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszName,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *ppropvar) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetNamedValue( 
+            /* [string][in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszName,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetNameCount( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out DWORD *pdwCount) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetNameAt( 
+            /* [in] */ DWORD iProp,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt BSTR *pbstrName) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct INamedPropertyStoreVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            INamedPropertyStore * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            INamedPropertyStore * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            INamedPropertyStore * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetNamedValue )( 
+            INamedPropertyStore * This,
+            /* [string][in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszName,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *ppropvar);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetNamedValue )( 
+            INamedPropertyStore * This,
+            /* [string][in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszName,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetNameCount )( 
+            INamedPropertyStore * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out DWORD *pdwCount);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetNameAt )( 
+            INamedPropertyStore * This,
+            /* [in] */ DWORD iProp,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt BSTR *pbstrName);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } INamedPropertyStoreVtbl;
+
+    interface INamedPropertyStore
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct INamedPropertyStoreVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define INamedPropertyStore_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define INamedPropertyStore_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define INamedPropertyStore_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define INamedPropertyStore_GetNamedValue(This,pszName,ppropvar)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetNamedValue(This,pszName,ppropvar) ) 
+
+#define INamedPropertyStore_SetNamedValue(This,pszName,propvar)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetNamedValue(This,pszName,propvar) ) 
+
+#define INamedPropertyStore_GetNameCount(This,pdwCount)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetNameCount(This,pdwCount) ) 
+
+#define INamedPropertyStore_GetNameAt(This,iProp,pbstrName)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetNameAt(This,iProp,pbstrName) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __INamedPropertyStore_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+/* interface __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0004 */
+/* [local] */ 
+
+/* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagGETPROPERTYSTOREFLAGS
+    {	GPS_DEFAULT	= 0,
+	GPS_HANDLERPROPERTIESONLY	= 0x1,
+	GPS_READWRITE	= 0x2,
+	GPS_TEMPORARY	= 0x4,
+	GPS_FASTPROPERTIESONLY	= 0x8,
+	GPS_OPENSLOWITEM	= 0x10,
+	GPS_DELAYCREATION	= 0x20,
+	GPS_BESTEFFORT	= 0x40,
+	GPS_MASK_VALID	= 0x7f
+    } ;
+typedef int GETPROPERTYSTOREFLAGS;
+
+
+
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0004_v0_0_c_ifspec;
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0004_v0_0_s_ifspec;
+
+#ifndef __IObjectWithPropertyKey_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IObjectWithPropertyKey_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IObjectWithPropertyKey */
+/* [uuid][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IObjectWithPropertyKey;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("fc0ca0a7-c316-4fd2-9031-3e628e6d4f23")
+    IObjectWithPropertyKey : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetPropertyKey( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetPropertyKey( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPERTYKEY *pkey) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IObjectWithPropertyKeyVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IObjectWithPropertyKey * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IObjectWithPropertyKey * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IObjectWithPropertyKey * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetPropertyKey )( 
+            IObjectWithPropertyKey * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPropertyKey )( 
+            IObjectWithPropertyKey * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPERTYKEY *pkey);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IObjectWithPropertyKeyVtbl;
+
+    interface IObjectWithPropertyKey
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IObjectWithPropertyKeyVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IObjectWithPropertyKey_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IObjectWithPropertyKey_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IObjectWithPropertyKey_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IObjectWithPropertyKey_SetPropertyKey(This,key)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetPropertyKey(This,key) ) 
+
+#define IObjectWithPropertyKey_GetPropertyKey(This,pkey)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPropertyKey(This,pkey) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IObjectWithPropertyKey_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+/* interface __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0005 */
+/* [local] */ 
+
+typedef /* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagPKA_FLAGS
+    {	PKA_SET	= 0,
+	PKA_APPEND	= ( PKA_SET + 1 ) ,
+	PKA_DELETE	= ( PKA_APPEND + 1 ) 
+    } 	PKA_FLAGS;
+
+
+
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0005_v0_0_c_ifspec;
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0005_v0_0_s_ifspec;
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyChange_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyChange_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IPropertyChange */
+/* [unique][object][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IPropertyChange;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("f917bc8a-1bba-4478-a245-1bde03eb9431")
+    IPropertyChange : public IObjectWithPropertyKey
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE ApplyToPropVariant( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvarIn,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *ppropvarOut) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IPropertyChangeVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IPropertyChange * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IPropertyChange * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IPropertyChange * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetPropertyKey )( 
+            IPropertyChange * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPropertyKey )( 
+            IPropertyChange * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPERTYKEY *pkey);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *ApplyToPropVariant )( 
+            IPropertyChange * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvarIn,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *ppropvarOut);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IPropertyChangeVtbl;
+
+    interface IPropertyChange
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IPropertyChangeVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IPropertyChange_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyChange_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyChange_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IPropertyChange_SetPropertyKey(This,key)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetPropertyKey(This,key) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyChange_GetPropertyKey(This,pkey)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPropertyKey(This,pkey) ) 
+
+
+#define IPropertyChange_ApplyToPropVariant(This,propvarIn,ppropvarOut)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> ApplyToPropVariant(This,propvarIn,ppropvarOut) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyChange_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyChangeArray_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyChangeArray_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IPropertyChangeArray */
+/* [unique][object][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IPropertyChangeArray;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("380f5cad-1b5e-42f2-805d-637fd392d31e")
+    IPropertyChangeArray : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetCount( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out UINT *pcOperations) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetAt( 
+            /* [in] */ UINT iIndex,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE InsertAt( 
+            /* [in] */ UINT iIndex,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IPropertyChange *ppropChange) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Append( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IPropertyChange *ppropChange) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE AppendOrReplace( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IPropertyChange *ppropChange) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE RemoveAt( 
+            /* [in] */ UINT iIndex) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE IsKeyInArray( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IPropertyChangeArrayVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IPropertyChangeArray * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IPropertyChangeArray * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IPropertyChangeArray * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetCount )( 
+            IPropertyChangeArray * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out UINT *pcOperations);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetAt )( 
+            IPropertyChangeArray * This,
+            /* [in] */ UINT iIndex,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *InsertAt )( 
+            IPropertyChangeArray * This,
+            /* [in] */ UINT iIndex,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IPropertyChange *ppropChange);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Append )( 
+            IPropertyChangeArray * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IPropertyChange *ppropChange);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AppendOrReplace )( 
+            IPropertyChangeArray * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IPropertyChange *ppropChange);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *RemoveAt )( 
+            IPropertyChangeArray * This,
+            /* [in] */ UINT iIndex);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *IsKeyInArray )( 
+            IPropertyChangeArray * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IPropertyChangeArrayVtbl;
+
+    interface IPropertyChangeArray
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IPropertyChangeArrayVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IPropertyChangeArray_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyChangeArray_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyChangeArray_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IPropertyChangeArray_GetCount(This,pcOperations)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetCount(This,pcOperations) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyChangeArray_GetAt(This,iIndex,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetAt(This,iIndex,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyChangeArray_InsertAt(This,iIndex,ppropChange)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> InsertAt(This,iIndex,ppropChange) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyChangeArray_Append(This,ppropChange)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Append(This,ppropChange) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyChangeArray_AppendOrReplace(This,ppropChange)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AppendOrReplace(This,ppropChange) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyChangeArray_RemoveAt(This,iIndex)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> RemoveAt(This,iIndex) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyChangeArray_IsKeyInArray(This,key)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> IsKeyInArray(This,key) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyChangeArray_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyStoreCapabilities_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyStoreCapabilities_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IPropertyStoreCapabilities */
+/* [unique][object][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IPropertyStoreCapabilities;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("c8e2d566-186e-4d49-bf41-6909ead56acc")
+    IPropertyStoreCapabilities : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE IsPropertyWritable( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IPropertyStoreCapabilitiesVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IPropertyStoreCapabilities * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IPropertyStoreCapabilities * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IPropertyStoreCapabilities * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *IsPropertyWritable )( 
+            IPropertyStoreCapabilities * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IPropertyStoreCapabilitiesVtbl;
+
+    interface IPropertyStoreCapabilities
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IPropertyStoreCapabilitiesVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IPropertyStoreCapabilities_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyStoreCapabilities_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyStoreCapabilities_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IPropertyStoreCapabilities_IsPropertyWritable(This,key)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> IsPropertyWritable(This,key) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyStoreCapabilities_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyStoreCache_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyStoreCache_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IPropertyStoreCache */
+/* [unique][object][uuid] */ 
+
+typedef /* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum _PSC_STATE
+    {	PSC_NORMAL	= 0,
+	PSC_NOTINSOURCE	= 1,
+	PSC_DIRTY	= 2,
+	PSC_READONLY	= 3
+    } 	PSC_STATE;
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IPropertyStoreCache;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("3017056d-9a91-4e90-937d-746c72abbf4f")
+    IPropertyStoreCache : public IPropertyStore
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetState( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PSC_STATE *pstate) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetValueAndState( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *ppropvar,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PSC_STATE *pstate) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetState( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+            /* [in] */ PSC_STATE state) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetValueAndState( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt const PROPVARIANT *ppropvar,
+            /* [in] */ PSC_STATE state) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IPropertyStoreCacheVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IPropertyStoreCache * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IPropertyStoreCache * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IPropertyStoreCache * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetCount )( 
+            IPropertyStoreCache * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out DWORD *cProps);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetAt )( 
+            IPropertyStoreCache * This,
+            /* [in] */ DWORD iProp,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPERTYKEY *pkey);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetValue )( 
+            IPropertyStoreCache * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *pv);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetValue )( 
+            IPropertyStoreCache * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Commit )( 
+            IPropertyStoreCache * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetState )( 
+            IPropertyStoreCache * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PSC_STATE *pstate);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetValueAndState )( 
+            IPropertyStoreCache * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *ppropvar,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PSC_STATE *pstate);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetState )( 
+            IPropertyStoreCache * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+            /* [in] */ PSC_STATE state);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetValueAndState )( 
+            IPropertyStoreCache * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt const PROPVARIANT *ppropvar,
+            /* [in] */ PSC_STATE state);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IPropertyStoreCacheVtbl;
+
+    interface IPropertyStoreCache
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IPropertyStoreCacheVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IPropertyStoreCache_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyStoreCache_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyStoreCache_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IPropertyStoreCache_GetCount(This,cProps)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetCount(This,cProps) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyStoreCache_GetAt(This,iProp,pkey)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetAt(This,iProp,pkey) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyStoreCache_GetValue(This,key,pv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetValue(This,key,pv) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyStoreCache_SetValue(This,key,propvar)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetValue(This,key,propvar) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyStoreCache_Commit(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Commit(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IPropertyStoreCache_GetState(This,key,pstate)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetState(This,key,pstate) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyStoreCache_GetValueAndState(This,key,ppropvar,pstate)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetValueAndState(This,key,ppropvar,pstate) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyStoreCache_SetState(This,key,state)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetState(This,key,state) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyStoreCache_SetValueAndState(This,key,ppropvar,state)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetValueAndState(This,key,ppropvar,state) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyStoreCache_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyEnumType_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyEnumType_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IPropertyEnumType */
+/* [unique][object][uuid] */ 
+
+/* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagPROPENUMTYPE
+    {	PET_DISCRETEVALUE	= 0,
+	PET_RANGEDVALUE	= 1,
+	PET_DEFAULTVALUE	= 2,
+	PET_ENDRANGE	= 3
+    } ;
+typedef enum tagPROPENUMTYPE PROPENUMTYPE;
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IPropertyEnumType;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("11e1fbf9-2d56-4a6b-8db3-7cd193a471f2")
+    IPropertyEnumType : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetEnumType( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPENUMTYPE *penumtype) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetValue( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *ppropvar) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetRangeMinValue( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *ppropvarMin) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetRangeSetValue( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *ppropvarSet) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetDisplayText( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt LPWSTR *ppszDisplay) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IPropertyEnumTypeVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IPropertyEnumType * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IPropertyEnumType * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IPropertyEnumType * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetEnumType )( 
+            IPropertyEnumType * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPENUMTYPE *penumtype);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetValue )( 
+            IPropertyEnumType * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *ppropvar);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetRangeMinValue )( 
+            IPropertyEnumType * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *ppropvarMin);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetRangeSetValue )( 
+            IPropertyEnumType * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *ppropvarSet);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetDisplayText )( 
+            IPropertyEnumType * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt LPWSTR *ppszDisplay);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IPropertyEnumTypeVtbl;
+
+    interface IPropertyEnumType
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IPropertyEnumTypeVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IPropertyEnumType_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyEnumType_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyEnumType_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IPropertyEnumType_GetEnumType(This,penumtype)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetEnumType(This,penumtype) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyEnumType_GetValue(This,ppropvar)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetValue(This,ppropvar) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyEnumType_GetRangeMinValue(This,ppropvarMin)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetRangeMinValue(This,ppropvarMin) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyEnumType_GetRangeSetValue(This,ppropvarSet)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetRangeSetValue(This,ppropvarSet) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyEnumType_GetDisplayText(This,ppszDisplay)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetDisplayText(This,ppszDisplay) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyEnumType_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyEnumTypeList_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyEnumTypeList_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IPropertyEnumTypeList */
+/* [unique][object][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IPropertyEnumTypeList;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("a99400f4-3d84-4557-94ba-1242fb2cc9a6")
+    IPropertyEnumTypeList : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetCount( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out UINT *pctypes) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetAt( 
+            /* [in] */ UINT itype,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetConditionAt( 
+            /* [in] */ UINT nIndex,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE FindMatchingIndex( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvarCmp,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out UINT *pnIndex) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IPropertyEnumTypeListVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IPropertyEnumTypeList * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IPropertyEnumTypeList * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IPropertyEnumTypeList * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetCount )( 
+            IPropertyEnumTypeList * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out UINT *pctypes);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetAt )( 
+            IPropertyEnumTypeList * This,
+            /* [in] */ UINT itype,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetConditionAt )( 
+            IPropertyEnumTypeList * This,
+            /* [in] */ UINT nIndex,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *FindMatchingIndex )( 
+            IPropertyEnumTypeList * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvarCmp,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out UINT *pnIndex);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IPropertyEnumTypeListVtbl;
+
+    interface IPropertyEnumTypeList
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IPropertyEnumTypeListVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IPropertyEnumTypeList_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyEnumTypeList_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyEnumTypeList_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IPropertyEnumTypeList_GetCount(This,pctypes)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetCount(This,pctypes) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyEnumTypeList_GetAt(This,itype,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetAt(This,itype,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyEnumTypeList_GetConditionAt(This,nIndex,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetConditionAt(This,nIndex,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyEnumTypeList_FindMatchingIndex(This,propvarCmp,pnIndex)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> FindMatchingIndex(This,propvarCmp,pnIndex) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyEnumTypeList_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyDescription_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyDescription_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IPropertyDescription */
+/* [unique][object][uuid] */ 
+
+/* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagPROPDESC_TYPE_FLAGS
+    {	PDTF_DEFAULT	= 0,
+	PDTF_MULTIPLEVALUES	= 0x1,
+	PDTF_ISINNATE	= 0x2,
+	PDTF_ISGROUP	= 0x4,
+	PDTF_CANGROUPBY	= 0x8,
+	PDTF_CANSTACKBY	= 0x10,
+	PDTF_ISTREEPROPERTY	= 0x20,
+	PDTF_INCLUDEINFULLTEXTQUERY	= 0x40,
+	PDTF_ISVIEWABLE	= 0x80,
+	PDTF_ISQUERYABLE	= 0x100,
+	PDTF_ISSYSTEMPROPERTY	= 0x80000000,
+	PDTF_MASK_ALL	= 0x800001ff
+    } ;
+typedef int PROPDESC_TYPE_FLAGS;
+
+/* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagPROPDESC_VIEW_FLAGS
+    {	PDVF_DEFAULT	= 0,
+	PDVF_CENTERALIGN	= 0x1,
+	PDVF_RIGHTALIGN	= 0x2,
+	PDVF_BEGINNEWGROUP	= 0x4,
+	PDVF_FILLAREA	= 0x8,
+	PDVF_SORTDESCENDING	= 0x10,
+	PDVF_SHOWONLYIFPRESENT	= 0x20,
+	PDVF_SHOWBYDEFAULT	= 0x40,
+	PDVF_SHOWINPRIMARYLIST	= 0x80,
+	PDVF_SHOWINSECONDARYLIST	= 0x100,
+	PDVF_HIDELABEL	= 0x200,
+	PDVF_HIDDEN	= 0x800,
+	PDVF_CANWRAP	= 0x1000,
+	PDVF_MASK_ALL	= 0x1bff
+    } ;
+typedef int PROPDESC_VIEW_FLAGS;
+
+/* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagPROPDESC_DISPLAYTYPE
+    {	PDDT_STRING	= 0,
+	PDDT_NUMBER	= 1,
+	PDDT_BOOLEAN	= 2,
+	PDDT_DATETIME	= 3,
+	PDDT_ENUMERATED	= 4
+    } ;
+typedef enum tagPROPDESC_DISPLAYTYPE PROPDESC_DISPLAYTYPE;
+
+/* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagPROPDESC_GROUPING_RANGE
+    {	PDGR_DISCRETE	= 0,
+	PDGR_ALPHANUMERIC	= 1,
+	PDGR_SIZE	= 2,
+	PDGR_DYNAMIC	= 3,
+	PDGR_DATE	= 4,
+	PDGR_PERCENT	= 5,
+	PDGR_ENUMERATED	= 6
+    } ;
+typedef enum tagPROPDESC_GROUPING_RANGE PROPDESC_GROUPING_RANGE;
+
+/* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagPROPDESC_FORMAT_FLAGS
+    {	PDFF_DEFAULT	= 0,
+	PDFF_PREFIXNAME	= 0x1,
+	PDFF_FILENAME	= 0x2,
+	PDFF_ALWAYSKB	= 0x4,
+	PDFF_RESERVED_RIGHTTOLEFT	= 0x8,
+	PDFF_SHORTTIME	= 0x10,
+	PDFF_LONGTIME	= 0x20,
+	PDFF_HIDETIME	= 0x40,
+	PDFF_SHORTDATE	= 0x80,
+	PDFF_LONGDATE	= 0x100,
+	PDFF_HIDEDATE	= 0x200,
+	PDFF_RELATIVEDATE	= 0x400,
+	PDFF_USEEDITINVITATION	= 0x800,
+	PDFF_READONLY	= 0x1000,
+	PDFF_NOAUTOREADINGORDER	= 0x2000
+    } ;
+typedef int PROPDESC_FORMAT_FLAGS;
+
+/* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagPROPDESC_SORTDESCRIPTION
+    {	PDSD_GENERAL	= 0,
+	PDSD_A_Z	= 1,
+	PDSD_LOWEST_HIGHEST	= 2,
+	PDSD_SMALLEST_BIGGEST	= 3,
+	PDSD_OLDEST_NEWEST	= 4
+    } ;
+typedef enum tagPROPDESC_SORTDESCRIPTION PROPDESC_SORTDESCRIPTION;
+
+/* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagPROPDESC_RELATIVEDESCRIPTION_TYPE
+    {	PDRDT_GENERAL	= 0,
+	PDRDT_DATE	= 1,
+	PDRDT_SIZE	= 2,
+	PDRDT_COUNT	= 3,
+	PDRDT_REVISION	= 4,
+	PDRDT_LENGTH	= 5,
+	PDRDT_DURATION	= 6,
+	PDRDT_SPEED	= 7,
+	PDRDT_RATE	= 8,
+	PDRDT_RATING	= 9,
+	PDRDT_PRIORITY	= 10
+    } ;
+typedef enum tagPROPDESC_RELATIVEDESCRIPTION_TYPE PROPDESC_RELATIVEDESCRIPTION_TYPE;
+
+/* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagPROPDESC_AGGREGATION_TYPE
+    {	PDAT_DEFAULT	= 0,
+	PDAT_FIRST	= 1,
+	PDAT_SUM	= 2,
+	PDAT_AVERAGE	= 3,
+	PDAT_DATERANGE	= 4,
+	PDAT_UNION	= 5,
+	PDAT_MAX	= 6,
+	PDAT_MIN	= 7
+    } ;
+typedef enum tagPROPDESC_AGGREGATION_TYPE PROPDESC_AGGREGATION_TYPE;
+
+/* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagPROPDESC_CONDITION_TYPE
+    {	PDCOT_NONE	= 0,
+	PDCOT_STRING	= 1,
+	PDCOT_SIZE	= 2,
+	PDCOT_DATETIME	= 3,
+	PDCOT_BOOLEAN	= 4,
+	PDCOT_NUMBER	= 5
+    } ;
+typedef enum tagPROPDESC_CONDITION_TYPE PROPDESC_CONDITION_TYPE;
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IPropertyDescription;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("6f79d558-3e96-4549-a1d1-7d75d2288814")
+    IPropertyDescription : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetPropertyKey( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPERTYKEY *pkey) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetCanonicalName( 
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszName) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetPropertyType( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out VARTYPE *pvartype) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetDisplayName( 
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszName) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetEditInvitation( 
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszInvite) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetTypeFlags( 
+            /* [in] */ PROPDESC_TYPE_FLAGS mask,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_TYPE_FLAGS *ppdtFlags) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetViewFlags( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_VIEW_FLAGS *ppdvFlags) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetDefaultColumnWidth( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out UINT *pcxChars) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetDisplayType( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_DISPLAYTYPE *pdisplaytype) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetColumnState( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out SHCOLSTATEF *pcsFlags) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetGroupingRange( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_GROUPING_RANGE *pgr) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetRelativeDescriptionType( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_RELATIVEDESCRIPTION_TYPE *prdt) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetRelativeDescription( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar1,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar2,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszDesc1,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszDesc2) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetSortDescription( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_SORTDESCRIPTION *psd) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetSortDescriptionLabel( 
+            /* [in] */ BOOL fDescending,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszDescription) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetAggregationType( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_AGGREGATION_TYPE *paggtype) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetConditionType( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_CONDITION_TYPE *pcontype,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out CONDITION_OPERATION *popDefault) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetEnumTypeList( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [local] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE CoerceToCanonicalValue( 
+            /* [out][in] */ PROPVARIANT *ppropvar) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE FormatForDisplay( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar,
+            /* [in] */ PROPDESC_FORMAT_FLAGS pdfFlags,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszDisplay) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE IsValueCanonical( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IPropertyDescriptionVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPropertyKey )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPERTYKEY *pkey);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetCanonicalName )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszName);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPropertyType )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out VARTYPE *pvartype);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetDisplayName )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszName);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetEditInvitation )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszInvite);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetTypeFlags )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [in] */ PROPDESC_TYPE_FLAGS mask,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_TYPE_FLAGS *ppdtFlags);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetViewFlags )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_VIEW_FLAGS *ppdvFlags);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetDefaultColumnWidth )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out UINT *pcxChars);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetDisplayType )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_DISPLAYTYPE *pdisplaytype);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetColumnState )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out SHCOLSTATEF *pcsFlags);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetGroupingRange )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_GROUPING_RANGE *pgr);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetRelativeDescriptionType )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_RELATIVEDESCRIPTION_TYPE *prdt);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetRelativeDescription )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar1,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar2,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszDesc1,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszDesc2);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetSortDescription )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_SORTDESCRIPTION *psd);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetSortDescriptionLabel )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL fDescending,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszDescription);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetAggregationType )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_AGGREGATION_TYPE *paggtype);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetConditionType )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_CONDITION_TYPE *pcontype,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out CONDITION_OPERATION *popDefault);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetEnumTypeList )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv);
+        
+        /* [local] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *CoerceToCanonicalValue )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [out][in] */ PROPVARIANT *ppropvar);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *FormatForDisplay )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar,
+            /* [in] */ PROPDESC_FORMAT_FLAGS pdfFlags,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszDisplay);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *IsValueCanonical )( 
+            IPropertyDescription * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IPropertyDescriptionVtbl;
+
+    interface IPropertyDescription
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IPropertyDescriptionVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_GetPropertyKey(This,pkey)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPropertyKey(This,pkey) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_GetCanonicalName(This,ppszName)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetCanonicalName(This,ppszName) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_GetPropertyType(This,pvartype)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPropertyType(This,pvartype) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_GetDisplayName(This,ppszName)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetDisplayName(This,ppszName) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_GetEditInvitation(This,ppszInvite)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetEditInvitation(This,ppszInvite) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_GetTypeFlags(This,mask,ppdtFlags)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetTypeFlags(This,mask,ppdtFlags) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_GetViewFlags(This,ppdvFlags)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetViewFlags(This,ppdvFlags) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_GetDefaultColumnWidth(This,pcxChars)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetDefaultColumnWidth(This,pcxChars) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_GetDisplayType(This,pdisplaytype)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetDisplayType(This,pdisplaytype) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_GetColumnState(This,pcsFlags)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetColumnState(This,pcsFlags) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_GetGroupingRange(This,pgr)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetGroupingRange(This,pgr) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_GetRelativeDescriptionType(This,prdt)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetRelativeDescriptionType(This,prdt) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_GetRelativeDescription(This,propvar1,propvar2,ppszDesc1,ppszDesc2)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetRelativeDescription(This,propvar1,propvar2,ppszDesc1,ppszDesc2) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_GetSortDescription(This,psd)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetSortDescription(This,psd) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_GetSortDescriptionLabel(This,fDescending,ppszDescription)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetSortDescriptionLabel(This,fDescending,ppszDescription) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_GetAggregationType(This,paggtype)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetAggregationType(This,paggtype) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_GetConditionType(This,pcontype,popDefault)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetConditionType(This,pcontype,popDefault) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_GetEnumTypeList(This,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetEnumTypeList(This,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_CoerceToCanonicalValue(This,ppropvar)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> CoerceToCanonicalValue(This,ppropvar) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_FormatForDisplay(This,propvar,pdfFlags,ppszDisplay)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> FormatForDisplay(This,propvar,pdfFlags,ppszDisplay) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescription_IsValueCanonical(This,propvar)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> IsValueCanonical(This,propvar) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+/* [call_as] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE IPropertyDescription_RemoteCoerceToCanonicalValue_Proxy( 
+    IPropertyDescription * This,
+    /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar,
+    /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *ppropvar);
+
+
+void __RPC_STUB IPropertyDescription_RemoteCoerceToCanonicalValue_Stub(
+    IRpcStubBuffer *This,
+    IRpcChannelBuffer *_pRpcChannelBuffer,
+    PRPC_MESSAGE _pRpcMessage,
+    DWORD *_pdwStubPhase);
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyDescription_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo */
+/* [unique][object][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("f67104fc-2af9-46fd-b32d-243c1404f3d1")
+    IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo : public IPropertyDescription
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetSortByAlias( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetAdditionalSortByAliases( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfoVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPropertyKey )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPERTYKEY *pkey);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetCanonicalName )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszName);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPropertyType )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out VARTYPE *pvartype);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetDisplayName )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszName);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetEditInvitation )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszInvite);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetTypeFlags )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [in] */ PROPDESC_TYPE_FLAGS mask,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_TYPE_FLAGS *ppdtFlags);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetViewFlags )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_VIEW_FLAGS *ppdvFlags);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetDefaultColumnWidth )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out UINT *pcxChars);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetDisplayType )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_DISPLAYTYPE *pdisplaytype);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetColumnState )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out SHCOLSTATEF *pcsFlags);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetGroupingRange )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_GROUPING_RANGE *pgr);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetRelativeDescriptionType )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_RELATIVEDESCRIPTION_TYPE *prdt);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetRelativeDescription )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar1,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar2,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszDesc1,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszDesc2);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetSortDescription )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_SORTDESCRIPTION *psd);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetSortDescriptionLabel )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL fDescending,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszDescription);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetAggregationType )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_AGGREGATION_TYPE *paggtype);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetConditionType )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_CONDITION_TYPE *pcontype,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out CONDITION_OPERATION *popDefault);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetEnumTypeList )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv);
+        
+        /* [local] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *CoerceToCanonicalValue )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [out][in] */ PROPVARIANT *ppropvar);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *FormatForDisplay )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar,
+            /* [in] */ PROPDESC_FORMAT_FLAGS pdfFlags,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszDisplay);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *IsValueCanonical )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetSortByAlias )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetAdditionalSortByAliases )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfoVtbl;
+
+    interface IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfoVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_GetPropertyKey(This,pkey)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPropertyKey(This,pkey) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_GetCanonicalName(This,ppszName)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetCanonicalName(This,ppszName) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_GetPropertyType(This,pvartype)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPropertyType(This,pvartype) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_GetDisplayName(This,ppszName)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetDisplayName(This,ppszName) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_GetEditInvitation(This,ppszInvite)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetEditInvitation(This,ppszInvite) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_GetTypeFlags(This,mask,ppdtFlags)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetTypeFlags(This,mask,ppdtFlags) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_GetViewFlags(This,ppdvFlags)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetViewFlags(This,ppdvFlags) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_GetDefaultColumnWidth(This,pcxChars)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetDefaultColumnWidth(This,pcxChars) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_GetDisplayType(This,pdisplaytype)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetDisplayType(This,pdisplaytype) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_GetColumnState(This,pcsFlags)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetColumnState(This,pcsFlags) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_GetGroupingRange(This,pgr)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetGroupingRange(This,pgr) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_GetRelativeDescriptionType(This,prdt)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetRelativeDescriptionType(This,prdt) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_GetRelativeDescription(This,propvar1,propvar2,ppszDesc1,ppszDesc2)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetRelativeDescription(This,propvar1,propvar2,ppszDesc1,ppszDesc2) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_GetSortDescription(This,psd)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetSortDescription(This,psd) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_GetSortDescriptionLabel(This,fDescending,ppszDescription)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetSortDescriptionLabel(This,fDescending,ppszDescription) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_GetAggregationType(This,paggtype)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetAggregationType(This,paggtype) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_GetConditionType(This,pcontype,popDefault)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetConditionType(This,pcontype,popDefault) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_GetEnumTypeList(This,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetEnumTypeList(This,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_CoerceToCanonicalValue(This,ppropvar)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> CoerceToCanonicalValue(This,ppropvar) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_FormatForDisplay(This,propvar,pdfFlags,ppszDisplay)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> FormatForDisplay(This,propvar,pdfFlags,ppszDisplay) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_IsValueCanonical(This,propvar)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> IsValueCanonical(This,propvar) ) 
+
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_GetSortByAlias(This,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetSortByAlias(This,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_GetAdditionalSortByAliases(This,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetAdditionalSortByAliases(This,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyDescriptionAliasInfo_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo */
+/* [unique][object][uuid] */ 
+
+/* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagPROPDESC_SEARCHINFO_FLAGS
+    {	PDSIF_DEFAULT	= 0,
+	PDSIF_ININVERTEDINDEX	= 0x1,
+	PDSIF_ISCOLUMN	= 0x2,
+	PDSIF_ISCOLUMNSPARSE	= 0x4
+    } ;
+typedef int PROPDESC_SEARCHINFO_FLAGS;
+
+typedef /* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagPROPDESC_COLUMNINDEX_TYPE
+    {	PDCIT_NONE	= 0,
+	PDCIT_ONDISK	= 1,
+	PDCIT_INMEMORY	= 2
+    } 	PROPDESC_COLUMNINDEX_TYPE;
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("078f91bd-29a2-440f-924e-46a291524520")
+    IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo : public IPropertyDescription
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetSearchInfoFlags( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_SEARCHINFO_FLAGS *ppdsiFlags) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetColumnIndexType( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_COLUMNINDEX_TYPE *ppdciType) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetProjectionString( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt LPWSTR *ppszProjection) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetMaxSize( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out UINT *pcbMaxSize) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfoVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPropertyKey )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPERTYKEY *pkey);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetCanonicalName )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszName);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPropertyType )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out VARTYPE *pvartype);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetDisplayName )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszName);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetEditInvitation )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszInvite);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetTypeFlags )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [in] */ PROPDESC_TYPE_FLAGS mask,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_TYPE_FLAGS *ppdtFlags);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetViewFlags )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_VIEW_FLAGS *ppdvFlags);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetDefaultColumnWidth )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out UINT *pcxChars);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetDisplayType )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_DISPLAYTYPE *pdisplaytype);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetColumnState )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out SHCOLSTATEF *pcsFlags);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetGroupingRange )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_GROUPING_RANGE *pgr);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetRelativeDescriptionType )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_RELATIVEDESCRIPTION_TYPE *prdt);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetRelativeDescription )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar1,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar2,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszDesc1,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszDesc2);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetSortDescription )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_SORTDESCRIPTION *psd);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetSortDescriptionLabel )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL fDescending,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszDescription);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetAggregationType )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_AGGREGATION_TYPE *paggtype);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetConditionType )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_CONDITION_TYPE *pcontype,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out CONDITION_OPERATION *popDefault);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetEnumTypeList )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv);
+        
+        /* [local] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *CoerceToCanonicalValue )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [out][in] */ PROPVARIANT *ppropvar);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *FormatForDisplay )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar,
+            /* [in] */ PROPDESC_FORMAT_FLAGS pdfFlags,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszDisplay);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *IsValueCanonical )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetSearchInfoFlags )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_SEARCHINFO_FLAGS *ppdsiFlags);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetColumnIndexType )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPDESC_COLUMNINDEX_TYPE *ppdciType);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetProjectionString )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt LPWSTR *ppszProjection);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetMaxSize )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out UINT *pcbMaxSize);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfoVtbl;
+
+    interface IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfoVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetPropertyKey(This,pkey)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPropertyKey(This,pkey) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetCanonicalName(This,ppszName)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetCanonicalName(This,ppszName) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetPropertyType(This,pvartype)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPropertyType(This,pvartype) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetDisplayName(This,ppszName)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetDisplayName(This,ppszName) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetEditInvitation(This,ppszInvite)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetEditInvitation(This,ppszInvite) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetTypeFlags(This,mask,ppdtFlags)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetTypeFlags(This,mask,ppdtFlags) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetViewFlags(This,ppdvFlags)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetViewFlags(This,ppdvFlags) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetDefaultColumnWidth(This,pcxChars)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetDefaultColumnWidth(This,pcxChars) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetDisplayType(This,pdisplaytype)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetDisplayType(This,pdisplaytype) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetColumnState(This,pcsFlags)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetColumnState(This,pcsFlags) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetGroupingRange(This,pgr)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetGroupingRange(This,pgr) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetRelativeDescriptionType(This,prdt)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetRelativeDescriptionType(This,prdt) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetRelativeDescription(This,propvar1,propvar2,ppszDesc1,ppszDesc2)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetRelativeDescription(This,propvar1,propvar2,ppszDesc1,ppszDesc2) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetSortDescription(This,psd)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetSortDescription(This,psd) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetSortDescriptionLabel(This,fDescending,ppszDescription)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetSortDescriptionLabel(This,fDescending,ppszDescription) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetAggregationType(This,paggtype)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetAggregationType(This,paggtype) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetConditionType(This,pcontype,popDefault)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetConditionType(This,pcontype,popDefault) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetEnumTypeList(This,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetEnumTypeList(This,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_CoerceToCanonicalValue(This,ppropvar)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> CoerceToCanonicalValue(This,ppropvar) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_FormatForDisplay(This,propvar,pdfFlags,ppszDisplay)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> FormatForDisplay(This,propvar,pdfFlags,ppszDisplay) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_IsValueCanonical(This,propvar)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> IsValueCanonical(This,propvar) ) 
+
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetSearchInfoFlags(This,ppdsiFlags)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetSearchInfoFlags(This,ppdsiFlags) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetColumnIndexType(This,ppdciType)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetColumnIndexType(This,ppdciType) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetProjectionString(This,ppszProjection)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetProjectionString(This,ppszProjection) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_GetMaxSize(This,pcbMaxSize)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetMaxSize(This,pcbMaxSize) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyDescriptionSearchInfo_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+/* interface __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0014 */
+/* [local] */ 
+
+/* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagPROPDESC_ENUMFILTER
+    {	PDEF_ALL	= 0,
+	PDEF_SYSTEM	= 1,
+	PDEF_NONSYSTEM	= 2,
+	PDEF_VIEWABLE	= 3,
+	PDEF_QUERYABLE	= 4,
+	PDEF_INFULLTEXTQUERY	= 5,
+	PDEF_COLUMN	= 6
+    } ;
+typedef enum tagPROPDESC_ENUMFILTER PROPDESC_ENUMFILTER;
+
+
+
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0014_v0_0_c_ifspec;
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0014_v0_0_s_ifspec;
+
+#ifndef __IPropertySystem_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertySystem_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IPropertySystem */
+/* [unique][object][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IPropertySystem;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("ca724e8a-c3e6-442b-88a4-6fb0db8035a3")
+    IPropertySystem : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetPropertyDescription( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY propkey,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetPropertyDescriptionByName( 
+            /* [string][in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszCanonicalName,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetPropertyDescriptionListFromString( 
+            /* [string][in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszPropList,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE EnumeratePropertyDescriptions( 
+            /* [in] */ PROPDESC_ENUMFILTER filterOn,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE FormatForDisplay( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar,
+            /* [in] */ PROPDESC_FORMAT_FLAGS pdff,
+            /* [size_is][string][out] */ __RPC__out_ecount_full_string(cchText) LPWSTR pszText,
+            /* [in] */ DWORD cchText) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE FormatForDisplayAlloc( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar,
+            /* [in] */ PROPDESC_FORMAT_FLAGS pdff,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszDisplay) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE RegisterPropertySchema( 
+            /* [string][in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszPath) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE UnregisterPropertySchema( 
+            /* [string][in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszPath) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE RefreshPropertySchema( void) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IPropertySystemVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IPropertySystem * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IPropertySystem * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IPropertySystem * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPropertyDescription )( 
+            IPropertySystem * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY propkey,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPropertyDescriptionByName )( 
+            IPropertySystem * This,
+            /* [string][in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszCanonicalName,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPropertyDescriptionListFromString )( 
+            IPropertySystem * This,
+            /* [string][in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszPropList,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *EnumeratePropertyDescriptions )( 
+            IPropertySystem * This,
+            /* [in] */ PROPDESC_ENUMFILTER filterOn,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *FormatForDisplay )( 
+            IPropertySystem * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar,
+            /* [in] */ PROPDESC_FORMAT_FLAGS pdff,
+            /* [size_is][string][out] */ __RPC__out_ecount_full_string(cchText) LPWSTR pszText,
+            /* [in] */ DWORD cchText);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *FormatForDisplayAlloc )( 
+            IPropertySystem * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar,
+            /* [in] */ PROPDESC_FORMAT_FLAGS pdff,
+            /* [string][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt_string LPWSTR *ppszDisplay);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *RegisterPropertySchema )( 
+            IPropertySystem * This,
+            /* [string][in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszPath);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *UnregisterPropertySchema )( 
+            IPropertySystem * This,
+            /* [string][in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszPath);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *RefreshPropertySchema )( 
+            IPropertySystem * This);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IPropertySystemVtbl;
+
+    interface IPropertySystem
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IPropertySystemVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IPropertySystem_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IPropertySystem_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IPropertySystem_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IPropertySystem_GetPropertyDescription(This,propkey,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPropertyDescription(This,propkey,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+#define IPropertySystem_GetPropertyDescriptionByName(This,pszCanonicalName,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPropertyDescriptionByName(This,pszCanonicalName,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+#define IPropertySystem_GetPropertyDescriptionListFromString(This,pszPropList,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPropertyDescriptionListFromString(This,pszPropList,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+#define IPropertySystem_EnumeratePropertyDescriptions(This,filterOn,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> EnumeratePropertyDescriptions(This,filterOn,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+#define IPropertySystem_FormatForDisplay(This,key,propvar,pdff,pszText,cchText)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> FormatForDisplay(This,key,propvar,pdff,pszText,cchText) ) 
+
+#define IPropertySystem_FormatForDisplayAlloc(This,key,propvar,pdff,ppszDisplay)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> FormatForDisplayAlloc(This,key,propvar,pdff,ppszDisplay) ) 
+
+#define IPropertySystem_RegisterPropertySchema(This,pszPath)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> RegisterPropertySchema(This,pszPath) ) 
+
+#define IPropertySystem_UnregisterPropertySchema(This,pszPath)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> UnregisterPropertySchema(This,pszPath) ) 
+
+#define IPropertySystem_RefreshPropertySchema(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> RefreshPropertySchema(This) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IPropertySystem_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyDescriptionList_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyDescriptionList_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IPropertyDescriptionList */
+/* [unique][object][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IPropertyDescriptionList;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("1f9fc1d0-c39b-4b26-817f-011967d3440e")
+    IPropertyDescriptionList : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetCount( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out UINT *pcElem) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetAt( 
+            /* [in] */ UINT iElem,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IPropertyDescriptionListVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionList * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionList * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionList * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetCount )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionList * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out UINT *pcElem);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetAt )( 
+            IPropertyDescriptionList * This,
+            /* [in] */ UINT iElem,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IPropertyDescriptionListVtbl;
+
+    interface IPropertyDescriptionList
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IPropertyDescriptionListVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionList_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionList_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionList_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionList_GetCount(This,pcElem)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetCount(This,pcElem) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyDescriptionList_GetAt(This,iElem,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetAt(This,iElem,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyDescriptionList_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertyStoreFactory_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertyStoreFactory_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IPropertyStoreFactory */
+/* [unique][object][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IPropertyStoreFactory;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("bc110b6d-57e8-4148-a9c6-91015ab2f3a5")
+    IPropertyStoreFactory : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetPropertyStore( 
+            /* [in] */ GETPROPERTYSTOREFLAGS flags,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt IUnknown *pUnkFactory,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetPropertyStoreForKeys( 
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt const PROPERTYKEY *rgKeys,
+            /* [in] */ UINT cKeys,
+            /* [in] */ GETPROPERTYSTOREFLAGS flags,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IPropertyStoreFactoryVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IPropertyStoreFactory * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IPropertyStoreFactory * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IPropertyStoreFactory * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPropertyStore )( 
+            IPropertyStoreFactory * This,
+            /* [in] */ GETPROPERTYSTOREFLAGS flags,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt IUnknown *pUnkFactory,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPropertyStoreForKeys )( 
+            IPropertyStoreFactory * This,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt const PROPERTYKEY *rgKeys,
+            /* [in] */ UINT cKeys,
+            /* [in] */ GETPROPERTYSTOREFLAGS flags,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IPropertyStoreFactoryVtbl;
+
+    interface IPropertyStoreFactory
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IPropertyStoreFactoryVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IPropertyStoreFactory_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyStoreFactory_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyStoreFactory_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IPropertyStoreFactory_GetPropertyStore(This,flags,pUnkFactory,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPropertyStore(This,flags,pUnkFactory,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+#define IPropertyStoreFactory_GetPropertyStoreForKeys(This,rgKeys,cKeys,flags,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPropertyStoreForKeys(This,rgKeys,cKeys,flags,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IPropertyStoreFactory_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory */
+/* [unique][object][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("40d4577f-e237-4bdb-bd69-58f089431b6a")
+    IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory : public IPropertyStoreFactory
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetDelayedPropertyStore( 
+            /* [in] */ GETPROPERTYSTOREFLAGS flags,
+            /* [in] */ DWORD dwStoreId,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IDelayedPropertyStoreFactoryVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPropertyStore )( 
+            IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory * This,
+            /* [in] */ GETPROPERTYSTOREFLAGS flags,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt IUnknown *pUnkFactory,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPropertyStoreForKeys )( 
+            IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory * This,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt const PROPERTYKEY *rgKeys,
+            /* [in] */ UINT cKeys,
+            /* [in] */ GETPROPERTYSTOREFLAGS flags,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetDelayedPropertyStore )( 
+            IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory * This,
+            /* [in] */ GETPROPERTYSTOREFLAGS flags,
+            /* [in] */ DWORD dwStoreId,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IDelayedPropertyStoreFactoryVtbl;
+
+    interface IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IDelayedPropertyStoreFactoryVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory_GetPropertyStore(This,flags,pUnkFactory,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPropertyStore(This,flags,pUnkFactory,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+#define IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory_GetPropertyStoreForKeys(This,rgKeys,cKeys,flags,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPropertyStoreForKeys(This,rgKeys,cKeys,flags,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+
+#define IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory_GetDelayedPropertyStore(This,flags,dwStoreId,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetDelayedPropertyStore(This,flags,dwStoreId,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+/* interface __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0018 */
+/* [local] */ 
+
+/* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagPERSIST_SPROPSTORE_FLAGS
+    {	FPSPS_READONLY	= 0x1
+    } ;
+typedef int PERSIST_SPROPSTORE_FLAGS;
+
+typedef struct tagSERIALIZEDPROPSTORAGE SERIALIZEDPROPSTORAGE;
+
+typedef SERIALIZEDPROPSTORAGE __unaligned *PUSERIALIZEDPROPSTORAGE;
+
+typedef const SERIALIZEDPROPSTORAGE __unaligned *PCUSERIALIZEDPROPSTORAGE;
+
+
+
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0018_v0_0_c_ifspec;
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0018_v0_0_s_ifspec;
+
+#ifndef __IPersistSerializedPropStorage_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IPersistSerializedPropStorage_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IPersistSerializedPropStorage */
+/* [object][local][unique][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IPersistSerializedPropStorage;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("e318ad57-0aa0-450f-aca5-6fab7103d917")
+    IPersistSerializedPropStorage : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetFlags( 
+            /* [in] */ PERSIST_SPROPSTORE_FLAGS flags) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetPropertyStorage( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in_bcount(cb)  PCUSERIALIZEDPROPSTORAGE psps,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  DWORD cb) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetPropertyStorage( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out_bcount(*pcb)  SERIALIZEDPROPSTORAGE **ppsps,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  DWORD *pcb) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IPersistSerializedPropStorageVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IPersistSerializedPropStorage * This,
+            /* [in] */ REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IPersistSerializedPropStorage * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IPersistSerializedPropStorage * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetFlags )( 
+            IPersistSerializedPropStorage * This,
+            /* [in] */ PERSIST_SPROPSTORE_FLAGS flags);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetPropertyStorage )( 
+            IPersistSerializedPropStorage * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in_bcount(cb)  PCUSERIALIZEDPROPSTORAGE psps,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  DWORD cb);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetPropertyStorage )( 
+            IPersistSerializedPropStorage * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_out_bcount(*pcb)  SERIALIZEDPROPSTORAGE **ppsps,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out  DWORD *pcb);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IPersistSerializedPropStorageVtbl;
+
+    interface IPersistSerializedPropStorage
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IPersistSerializedPropStorageVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IPersistSerializedPropStorage_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IPersistSerializedPropStorage_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IPersistSerializedPropStorage_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IPersistSerializedPropStorage_SetFlags(This,flags)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetFlags(This,flags) ) 
+
+#define IPersistSerializedPropStorage_SetPropertyStorage(This,psps,cb)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetPropertyStorage(This,psps,cb) ) 
+
+#define IPersistSerializedPropStorage_GetPropertyStorage(This,ppsps,pcb)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetPropertyStorage(This,ppsps,pcb) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IPersistSerializedPropStorage_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IPropertySystemChangeNotify_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IPropertySystemChangeNotify_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IPropertySystemChangeNotify */
+/* [unique][object][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IPropertySystemChangeNotify;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("fa955fd9-38be-4879-a6ce-824cf52d609f")
+    IPropertySystemChangeNotify : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SchemaRefreshed( void) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IPropertySystemChangeNotifyVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IPropertySystemChangeNotify * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IPropertySystemChangeNotify * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IPropertySystemChangeNotify * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SchemaRefreshed )( 
+            IPropertySystemChangeNotify * This);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IPropertySystemChangeNotifyVtbl;
+
+    interface IPropertySystemChangeNotify
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IPropertySystemChangeNotifyVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IPropertySystemChangeNotify_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IPropertySystemChangeNotify_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IPropertySystemChangeNotify_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IPropertySystemChangeNotify_SchemaRefreshed(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SchemaRefreshed(This) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IPropertySystemChangeNotify_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __ICreateObject_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __ICreateObject_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface ICreateObject */
+/* [object][unique][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_ICreateObject;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("75121952-e0d0-43e5-9380-1d80483acf72")
+    ICreateObject : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE CreateObject( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFCLSID clsid,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt IUnknown *pUnkOuter,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct ICreateObjectVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            ICreateObject * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            ICreateObject * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            ICreateObject * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *CreateObject )( 
+            ICreateObject * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFCLSID clsid,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt IUnknown *pUnkOuter,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } ICreateObjectVtbl;
+
+    interface ICreateObject
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct ICreateObjectVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define ICreateObject_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define ICreateObject_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define ICreateObject_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define ICreateObject_CreateObject(This,clsid,pUnkOuter,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> CreateObject(This,clsid,pUnkOuter,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __ICreateObject_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+/* interface __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0021 */
+/* [local] */ 
+
+// Format a property value for display purposes
+PSSTDAPI PSFormatForDisplay(
+    __in REFPROPERTYKEY propkey,
+    __in REFPROPVARIANT propvar,
+    __in PROPDESC_FORMAT_FLAGS pdfFlags,
+    __out_ecount(cchText) LPWSTR pwszText,
+    __in DWORD cchText);
+
+PSSTDAPI PSFormatForDisplayAlloc(
+    __in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+    __in REFPROPVARIANT propvar,
+    __in PROPDESC_FORMAT_FLAGS pdff,
+    __deref_out PWSTR *ppszDisplay);
+
+PSSTDAPI PSFormatPropertyValue(
+    __in IPropertyStore *pps,
+    __in IPropertyDescription *ppd,
+    __in PROPDESC_FORMAT_FLAGS pdff,
+    __deref_out LPWSTR *ppszDisplay);
+
+
+#define PKEY_PIDSTR_MAX     10   // will take care of any long integer value
+#define GUIDSTRING_MAX      (1 + 8 + 1 + 4 + 1 + 4 + 1 + 4 + 1 + 12 + 1 + 1)  // "{12345678-1234-1234-1234-123456789012}"
+#define PKEYSTR_MAX         (GUIDSTRING_MAX + 1 + PKEY_PIDSTR_MAX)
+
+// Convert a PROPERTYKEY to and from a PWSTR
+PSSTDAPI PSStringFromPropertyKey(
+    __in REFPROPERTYKEY pkey,
+    __out_ecount(cch) LPWSTR psz,
+    __in UINT cch);
+
+PSSTDAPI PSPropertyKeyFromString(
+    __in LPCWSTR pszString,
+    __out PROPERTYKEY *pkey);
+
+
+// Creates an in-memory property store
+// Returns an IPropertyStore, IPersistSerializedPropStorage, and related interfaces interface
+PSSTDAPI PSCreateMemoryPropertyStore(
+    __in REFIID riid,
+    __deref_out void **ppv);
+
+
+// Create a read-only, delay-bind multiplexing property store
+// Returns an IPropertyStore interface or related interfaces
+PSSTDAPI PSCreateDelayedMultiplexPropertyStore(
+    __in GETPROPERTYSTOREFLAGS flags,
+    __in IDelayedPropertyStoreFactory *pdpsf,
+    __in_ecount(cStores) const DWORD *rgStoreIds,
+    __in DWORD cStores,
+    __in REFIID riid,
+    __deref_out void **ppv);
+
+
+// Create a read-only property store from one or more sources (which each must support either IPropertyStore or IPropertySetStorage)
+// Returns an IPropertyStore interface or related interfaces
+PSSTDAPI PSCreateMultiplexPropertyStore(
+    __in_ecount(cStores) IUnknown **prgpunkStores,
+    __in DWORD cStores,
+    __in REFIID riid,
+    __deref_out void **ppv);
+
+
+// Create a container for IPropertyChanges
+// Returns an IPropertyChangeArray interface
+PSSTDAPI PSCreatePropertyChangeArray(
+    __in_ecount_opt(cChanges) const PROPERTYKEY *rgpropkey,
+    __in_ecount_opt(cChanges) const PKA_FLAGS *rgflags,
+    __in_ecount_opt(cChanges) const PROPVARIANT *rgpropvar,
+    __in UINT cChanges,
+    __in REFIID riid,
+    __deref_out void **ppv);
+
+
+// Create a simple property change
+// Returns an IPropertyChange interface
+PSSTDAPI PSCreateSimplePropertyChange(
+    __in PKA_FLAGS flags,
+    __in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+    __in REFPROPVARIANT propvar,
+    __in REFIID riid,
+    __deref_out void **ppv);
+
+
+// Get a property description
+// Returns an IPropertyDescription interface
+PSSTDAPI PSGetPropertyDescription(
+    __in REFPROPERTYKEY propkey,
+    __in REFIID riid,
+    __deref_out void **ppv);
+
+PSSTDAPI PSGetPropertyDescriptionByName(
+    __in LPCWSTR pszCanonicalName,
+    __in REFIID riid,
+    __deref_out void **ppv);
+
+
+// Lookup a per-machine registered file property handler
+PSSTDAPI PSLookupPropertyHandlerCLSID(
+    __in PCWSTR pszFilePath,
+    __out CLSID *pclsid);
+// Get a property handler, on Vista or downlevel to XP
+// punkItem is a shell item created with an SHCreateItemXXX API
+// Returns an IPropertyStore
+PSSTDAPI PSGetItemPropertyHandler(
+    __in IUnknown *punkItem,
+    __in BOOL fReadWrite,
+    __in REFIID riid,
+    __deref_out void **ppv);
+
+
+// Get a property handler, on Vista or downlevel to XP
+// punkItem is a shell item created with an SHCreateItemXXX API
+// punkCreateObject supports ICreateObject
+// Returns an IPropertyStore
+PSSTDAPI PSGetItemPropertyHandlerWithCreateObject(
+    __in IUnknown *punkItem,
+    __in BOOL fReadWrite,
+    __in IUnknown *punkCreateObject,
+    __in REFIID riid,
+    __deref_out void **ppv);
+
+
+// Get or set a property value from a store
+PSSTDAPI PSGetPropertyValue(
+    __in IPropertyStore *pps,
+    __in IPropertyDescription *ppd,
+    __out PROPVARIANT *ppropvar);
+
+PSSTDAPI PSSetPropertyValue(
+    __in IPropertyStore *pps,
+    __in IPropertyDescription *ppd,
+    __in REFPROPVARIANT propvar);
+
+
+// Interact with the set of property descriptions
+PSSTDAPI PSRegisterPropertySchema(
+    __in PCWSTR pszPath);
+
+PSSTDAPI PSUnregisterPropertySchema(
+    __in PCWSTR pszPath);
+
+PSSTDAPI PSRefreshPropertySchema();
+
+// Returns either: IPropertyDescriptionList or IEnumUnknown interfaces
+PSSTDAPI PSEnumeratePropertyDescriptions(
+    __in PROPDESC_ENUMFILTER filterOn,
+    __in REFIID riid,
+    __deref_out void **ppv);
+
+
+// Convert between a PROPERTYKEY and its canonical name
+PSSTDAPI PSGetPropertyKeyFromName(
+    __in PCWSTR pszName,
+    __out PROPERTYKEY *ppropkey);
+
+PSSTDAPI PSGetNameFromPropertyKey(
+    __in REFPROPERTYKEY propkey,
+    __deref_out PWSTR *ppszCanonicalName);
+
+
+// Coerce and canonicalize a property value
+PSSTDAPI PSCoerceToCanonicalValue(
+    __in REFPROPERTYKEY key,
+    __inout PROPVARIANT *ppropvar);
+
+
+// Convert a 'prop:' string into a list of property descriptions
+// Returns an IPropertyDescriptionList interface
+PSSTDAPI PSGetPropertyDescriptionListFromString(
+    __in LPCWSTR pszPropList,
+    __in REFIID riid,
+    __deref_out void **ppv);
+
+
+// Wrap an IPropertySetStorage interface in an IPropertyStore interface
+// Returns an IPropertyStore or related interface
+PSSTDAPI PSCreatePropertyStoreFromPropertySetStorage(
+    __in IPropertySetStorage *ppss,
+    DWORD grfMode,
+    REFIID riid,
+    __deref_out void **ppv);
+
+
+// punkSource must support IPropertyStore or IPropertySetStorage
+// On success, the returned ppv is guaranteed to support IPropertyStore.
+// If punkSource already supports IPropertyStore, no wrapper is created.
+PSSTDAPI PSCreatePropertyStoreFromObject(
+    __in IUnknown *punk,
+    __in DWORD grfMode,
+    __in REFIID riid,
+    __deref_out void **ppv);
+
+
+// punkSource must support IPropertyStore
+// riid may be IPropertyStore, IPropertySetStorage, IPropertyStoreCapabilities, or IObjectProvider
+PSSTDAPI PSCreateAdapterFromPropertyStore(
+    __in IPropertyStore *pps,
+    __in REFIID riid,
+    __deref_out void **ppv);
+
+
+// Talk to the property system using an interface
+// Returns an IPropertySystem interface
+PSSTDAPI PSGetPropertySystem(
+    __in REFIID riid,
+    __deref_out void **ppv);
+
+
+// Obtain a value from serialized property storage
+PSSTDAPI PSGetPropertyFromPropertyStorage(
+    __in_bcount(cb) PCUSERIALIZEDPROPSTORAGE psps, 
+    __in DWORD cb, 
+    __in REFPROPERTYKEY rpkey, 
+    __out PROPVARIANT *ppropvar);
+
+
+// Obtain a named value from serialized property storage
+PSSTDAPI PSGetNamedPropertyFromPropertyStorage(
+    __in_bcount(cb) PCUSERIALIZEDPROPSTORAGE psps, 
+    __in DWORD cb, 
+    __in LPCWSTR pszName, 
+    __out PROPVARIANT *ppropvar);
+
+
+
+
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0021_v0_0_c_ifspec;
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_propsys_0000_0021_v0_0_s_ifspec;
+
+
+#ifndef __PropSysObjects_LIBRARY_DEFINED__
+#define __PropSysObjects_LIBRARY_DEFINED__
+
+/* library PropSysObjects */
+/* [version][lcid][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID LIBID_PropSysObjects;
+
+EXTERN_C const CLSID CLSID_InMemoryPropertyStore;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+
+class DECLSPEC_UUID("9a02e012-6303-4e1e-b9a1-630f802592c5")
+InMemoryPropertyStore;
+#endif
+
+EXTERN_C const CLSID CLSID_PropertySystem;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+
+class DECLSPEC_UUID("b8967f85-58ae-4f46-9fb2-5d7904798f4b")
+PropertySystem;
+#endif
+#endif /* __PropSysObjects_LIBRARY_DEFINED__ */
+
+/* Additional Prototypes for ALL interfaces */
+
+unsigned long             __RPC_USER  BSTR_UserSize(     unsigned long *, unsigned long            , BSTR * ); 
+unsigned char * __RPC_USER  BSTR_UserMarshal(  unsigned long *, unsigned char *, BSTR * ); 
+unsigned char * __RPC_USER  BSTR_UserUnmarshal(unsigned long *, unsigned char *, BSTR * ); 
+void                      __RPC_USER  BSTR_UserFree(     unsigned long *, BSTR * ); 
+
+unsigned long             __RPC_USER  LPSAFEARRAY_UserSize(     unsigned long *, unsigned long            , LPSAFEARRAY * ); 
+unsigned char * __RPC_USER  LPSAFEARRAY_UserMarshal(  unsigned long *, unsigned char *, LPSAFEARRAY * ); 
+unsigned char * __RPC_USER  LPSAFEARRAY_UserUnmarshal(unsigned long *, unsigned char *, LPSAFEARRAY * ); 
+void                      __RPC_USER  LPSAFEARRAY_UserFree(     unsigned long *, LPSAFEARRAY * ); 
+
+unsigned long             __RPC_USER  BSTR_UserSize64(     unsigned long *, unsigned long            , BSTR * ); 
+unsigned char * __RPC_USER  BSTR_UserMarshal64(  unsigned long *, unsigned char *, BSTR * ); 
+unsigned char * __RPC_USER  BSTR_UserUnmarshal64(unsigned long *, unsigned char *, BSTR * ); 
+void                      __RPC_USER  BSTR_UserFree64(     unsigned long *, BSTR * ); 
+
+unsigned long             __RPC_USER  LPSAFEARRAY_UserSize64(     unsigned long *, unsigned long            , LPSAFEARRAY * ); 
+unsigned char * __RPC_USER  LPSAFEARRAY_UserMarshal64(  unsigned long *, unsigned char *, LPSAFEARRAY * ); 
+unsigned char * __RPC_USER  LPSAFEARRAY_UserUnmarshal64(unsigned long *, unsigned char *, LPSAFEARRAY * ); 
+void                      __RPC_USER  LPSAFEARRAY_UserFree64(     unsigned long *, LPSAFEARRAY * ); 
+
+/* [local] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE IInitializeWithStream_Initialize_Proxy( 
+    IInitializeWithStream * This,
+    /* [in] */ IStream *pstream,
+    /* [in] */ DWORD grfMode);
+
+
+/* [call_as] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE IInitializeWithStream_Initialize_Stub( 
+    IInitializeWithStream * This,
+    /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IStream *pstream,
+    /* [in] */ DWORD grfMode);
+
+/* [local] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE IPropertyDescription_CoerceToCanonicalValue_Proxy( 
+    IPropertyDescription * This,
+    /* [out][in] */ PROPVARIANT *ppropvar);
+
+
+/* [call_as] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE IPropertyDescription_CoerceToCanonicalValue_Stub( 
+    IPropertyDescription * This,
+    /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFPROPVARIANT propvar,
+    /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *ppropvar);
+
+
+
+/* end of Additional Prototypes */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/rpcsal.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/rpcsal.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba9836a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/rpcsal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#if __GNUC__ >=3
+#pragma GCC system_header
+#endif
+
+#define RPC_range(min,max)
+
+#define __RPC__in           
+#define __RPC__in_string
+#define __RPC__in_opt_string
+#define __RPC__deref_opt_in_opt
+#define __RPC__opt_in_opt_string
+#define __RPC__in_ecount(size) 
+#define __RPC__in_ecount_full(size)
+#define __RPC__in_ecount_full_string(size)
+#define __RPC__in_ecount_part(size, length)
+#define __RPC__in_ecount_full_opt(size)
+#define __RPC__in_ecount_full_opt_string(size)
+#define __RPC__inout_ecount_full_opt_string(size)
+#define __RPC__in_ecount_part_opt(size, length)
+
+#define __RPC__deref_in 
+#define __RPC__deref_in_string
+#define __RPC__deref_opt_in
+#define __RPC__deref_in_opt
+#define __RPC__deref_in_ecount(size) 
+#define __RPC__deref_in_ecount_part(size, length) 
+#define __RPC__deref_in_ecount_full(size) 
+#define __RPC__deref_in_ecount_full_opt(size)
+#define __RPC__deref_in_ecount_full_string(size)
+#define __RPC__deref_in_ecount_full_opt_string(size)
+#define __RPC__deref_in_ecount_opt(size) 
+#define __RPC__deref_in_ecount_opt_string(size)
+#define __RPC__deref_in_ecount_part_opt(size, length) 
+
+// [out]
+#define __RPC__out     
+#define __RPC__out_ecount(size) 
+#define __RPC__out_ecount_part(size, length) 
+#define __RPC__out_ecount_full(size)
+#define __RPC__out_ecount_full_string(size)
+
+// [in,out] 
+#define __RPC__inout                                   
+#define __RPC__inout_string
+#define __RPC__opt_inout
+#define __RPC__inout_ecount(size)                     
+#define __RPC__inout_ecount_part(size, length)    
+#define __RPC__inout_ecount_full(size)          
+#define __RPC__inout_ecount_full_string(size)          
+
+// [in,unique] 
+#define __RPC__in_opt       
+#define __RPC__in_ecount_opt(size)   
+
+
+// [in,out,unique] 
+#define __RPC__inout_opt    
+#define __RPC__inout_ecount_opt(size)  
+#define __RPC__inout_ecount_part_opt(size, length) 
+#define __RPC__inout_ecount_full_opt(size)     
+#define __RPC__inout_ecount_full_string(size)
+
+// [out] **
+#define __RPC__deref_out   
+#define __RPC__deref_out_string
+#define __RPC__deref_out_opt 
+#define __RPC__deref_out_opt_string
+#define __RPC__deref_out_ecount(size) 
+#define __RPC__deref_out_ecount_part(size, length) 
+#define __RPC__deref_out_ecount_full(size)  
+#define __RPC__deref_out_ecount_full_string(size)
+
+
+// [in,out] **, second pointer decoration. 
+#define __RPC__deref_inout    
+#define __RPC__deref_inout_string
+#define __RPC__deref_inout_opt 
+#define __RPC__deref_inout_opt_string
+#define __RPC__deref_inout_ecount_full(size)
+#define __RPC__deref_inout_ecount_full_string(size)
+#define __RPC__deref_inout_ecount_opt(size) 
+#define __RPC__deref_inout_ecount_part_opt(size, length) 
+#define __RPC__deref_inout_ecount_full_opt(size) 
+#define __RPC__deref_inout_ecount_full_opt_string(size) 
+
+// #define __RPC_out_opt    out_opt is not allowed in rpc
+
+// [in,out,unique] 
+#define __RPC__deref_opt_inout  
+#define __RPC__deref_opt_inout_string
+#define __RPC__deref_opt_inout_ecount(size)     
+#define __RPC__deref_opt_inout_ecount_part(size, length) 
+#define __RPC__deref_opt_inout_ecount_full(size) 
+#define __RPC__deref_opt_inout_ecount_full_string(size)
+
+#define __RPC__deref_out_ecount_opt(size) 
+#define __RPC__deref_out_ecount_part_opt(size, length) 
+#define __RPC__deref_out_ecount_full_opt(size) 
+#define __RPC__deref_out_ecount_full_opt_string(size)
+
+#define __RPC__deref_opt_inout_opt      
+#define __RPC__deref_opt_inout_opt_string
+#define __RPC__deref_opt_inout_ecount_opt(size)   
+#define __RPC__deref_opt_inout_ecount_part_opt(size, length) 
+#define __RPC__deref_opt_inout_ecount_full_opt(size) 
+#define __RPC__deref_opt_inout_ecount_full_opt_string(size) 
+
+#define __RPC_full_pointer  
+#define __RPC_unique_pointer
+#define __RPC_ref_pointer
+#define __RPC_string                               
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/sal.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/sal.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3f99ab9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/sal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#if __GNUC__ >=3
+#pragma GCC system_header
+#endif
+
+/*#define __null*/ // << Conflicts with GCC internal type __null
+#define __notnull
+#define __maybenull
+#define __readonly
+#define __notreadonly
+#define __maybereadonly
+#define __valid
+#define __notvalid
+#define __maybevalid
+#define __readableTo(extent)
+#define __elem_readableTo(size)
+#define __byte_readableTo(size)
+#define __writableTo(size)
+#define __elem_writableTo(size)
+#define __byte_writableTo(size)
+#define __deref
+#define __pre
+#define __post
+#define __precond(expr)
+#define __postcond(expr)
+#define __exceptthat
+#define __execeptthat
+#define __inner_success(expr)
+#define __inner_checkReturn
+#define __inner_typefix(ctype)
+#define __inner_override
+#define __inner_callback
+#define __inner_blocksOn(resource)
+#define __inner_fallthrough_dec
+#define __inner_fallthrough
+#define __refparam
+#define __inner_control_entrypoint(category)
+#define __inner_data_entrypoint(category)
+
+#define __ecount(size)
+#define __bcount(size)
+#define __in
+#define __in_ecount(size)
+#define __in_bcount(size)
+#define __in_z
+#define __in_ecount_z(size)
+#define __in_bcount_z(size)
+#define __in_nz
+#define __in_ecount_nz(size)
+#define __in_bcount_nz(size)
+#define __out
+#define __out_ecount(size)
+#define __out_bcount(size)
+#define __out_ecount_part(size,length)
+#define __out_bcount_part(size,length)
+#define __out_ecount_full(size)
+#define __out_bcount_full(size)
+#define __out_z
+#define __out_z_opt
+#define __out_ecount_z(size)
+#define __out_bcount_z(size)
+#define __out_ecount_part_z(size,length)
+#define __out_bcount_part_z(size,length)
+#define __out_ecount_full_z(size)
+#define __out_bcount_full_z(size)
+#define __out_nz
+#define __out_nz_opt
+#define __out_ecount_nz(size)
+#define __out_bcount_nz(size)
+#define __inout
+#define __inout_ecount(size)
+#define __inout_bcount(size)
+#define __inout_ecount_part(size,length)
+#define __inout_bcount_part(size,length)
+#define __inout_ecount_full(size)
+#define __inout_bcount_full(size)
+#define __inout_z
+#define __inout_ecount_z(size)
+#define __inout_bcount_z(size)
+#define __inout_nz
+#define __inout_ecount_nz(size)
+#define __inout_bcount_nz(size)
+#define __ecount_opt(size)
+#define __bcount_opt(size)
+#define __in_opt
+#define __in_ecount_opt(size)
+#define __in_bcount_opt(size)
+#define __in_z_opt
+#define __in_ecount_z_opt(size)
+#define __in_bcount_z_opt(size)
+#define __in_nz_opt
+#define __in_ecount_nz_opt(size)
+#define __in_bcount_nz_opt(size)
+#define __out_opt
+#define __out_ecount_opt(size)
+#define __out_bcount_opt(size)
+#define __out_ecount_part_opt(size,length)
+#define __out_bcount_part_opt(size,length)
+#define __out_ecount_full_opt(size)
+#define __out_bcount_full_opt(size)
+#define __out_ecount_z_opt(size)
+#define __out_bcount_z_opt(size)
+#define __out_ecount_part_z_opt(size,length)
+#define __out_bcount_part_z_opt(size,length)
+#define __out_ecount_full_z_opt(size)
+#define __out_bcount_full_z_opt(size)
+#define __out_ecount_nz_opt(size)
+#define __out_bcount_nz_opt(size)
+#define __inout_opt
+#define __inout_ecount_opt(size)
+#define __inout_bcount_opt(size)
+#define __inout_ecount_part_opt(size,length)
+#define __inout_bcount_part_opt(size,length)
+#define __inout_ecount_full_opt(size)
+#define __inout_bcount_full_opt(size)
+#define __inout_z_opt
+#define __inout_ecount_z_opt(size)
+#define __inout_ecount_z_opt(size)
+#define __inout_bcount_z_opt(size)
+#define __inout_nz_opt
+#define __inout_ecount_nz_opt(size)
+#define __inout_bcount_nz_opt(size)
+#define __deref_ecount(size)
+#define __deref_bcount(size)
+#define __deref_out
+#define __deref_out_ecount(size)
+#define __deref_out_bcount(size)
+#define __deref_out_ecount_part(size,length)
+#define __deref_out_bcount_part(size,length)
+#define __deref_out_ecount_full(size)
+#define __deref_out_bcount_full(size)
+#define __deref_out_z
+#define __deref_out_ecount_z(size)
+#define __deref_out_bcount_z(size)
+#define __deref_out_nz
+#define __deref_out_ecount_nz(size)
+#define __deref_out_bcount_nz(size)
+#define __deref_inout
+#define __deref_inout_z
+#define __deref_inout_ecount(size)
+#define __deref_inout_bcount(size)
+#define __deref_inout_ecount_part(size,length)
+#define __deref_inout_bcount_part(size,length)
+#define __deref_inout_ecount_full(size)
+#define __deref_inout_bcount_full(size)
+#define __deref_inout_z
+#define __deref_inout_ecount_z(size)
+#define __deref_inout_bcount_z(size)
+#define __deref_inout_nz
+#define __deref_inout_ecount_nz(size)
+#define __deref_inout_bcount_nz(size)
+#define __deref_ecount_opt(size)
+#define __deref_bcount_opt(size)
+#define __deref_out_opt
+#define __deref_out_ecount_opt(size)
+#define __deref_out_bcount_opt(size)
+#define __deref_out_ecount_part_opt(size,length)
+#define __deref_out_bcount_part_opt(size,length)
+#define __deref_out_ecount_full_opt(size)
+#define __deref_out_bcount_full_opt(size)
+#define __deref_out_z_opt
+#define __deref_out_ecount_z_opt(size)
+#define __deref_out_bcount_z_opt(size)
+#define __deref_out_nz_opt
+#define __deref_out_ecount_nz_opt(size)
+#define __deref_out_bcount_nz_opt(size)
+#define __deref_inout_opt
+#define __deref_inout_ecount_opt(size)
+#define __deref_inout_bcount_opt(size)
+#define __deref_inout_ecount_part_opt(size,length)
+#define __deref_inout_bcount_part_opt(size,length)
+#define __deref_inout_ecount_full_opt(size)
+#define __deref_inout_bcount_full_opt(size)
+#define __deref_inout_z_opt
+#define __deref_inout_ecount_z_opt(size)
+#define __deref_inout_bcount_z_opt(size)
+#define __deref_inout_nz_opt
+#define __deref_inout_ecount_nz_opt(size)
+#define __deref_inout_bcount_nz_opt(size)
+#define __deref_opt_ecount(size)
+#define __deref_opt_bcount(size)
+#define __deref_opt_out
+#define __deref_opt_out_z
+#define __deref_opt_out_ecount(size)
+#define __deref_opt_out_bcount(size)
+#define __deref_opt_out_ecount_part(size,length)
+#define __deref_opt_out_bcount_part(size,length)
+#define __deref_opt_out_ecount_full(size)
+#define __deref_opt_out_bcount_full(size)
+#define __deref_opt_inout
+#define __deref_opt_inout_ecount(size)
+#define __deref_opt_inout_bcount(size)
+#define __deref_opt_inout_ecount_part(size,length)
+#define __deref_opt_inout_bcount_part(size,length)
+#define __deref_opt_inout_ecount_full(size)
+#define __deref_opt_inout_bcount_full(size)
+#define __deref_opt_inout_z
+#define __deref_opt_inout_ecount_z(size)
+#define __deref_opt_inout_bcount_z(size)
+#define __deref_opt_inout_nz
+#define __deref_opt_inout_ecount_nz(size)
+#define __deref_opt_inout_bcount_nz(size)
+#define __deref_opt_ecount_opt(size)
+#define __deref_opt_bcount_opt(size)
+#define __deref_opt_out_opt
+#define __deref_opt_out_ecount_opt(size)
+#define __deref_opt_out_bcount_opt(size)
+#define __deref_opt_out_ecount_part_opt(size,length)
+#define __deref_opt_out_bcount_part_opt(size,length)
+#define __deref_opt_out_ecount_full_opt(size)
+#define __deref_opt_out_bcount_full_opt(size)
+#define __deref_opt_out_z_opt
+#define __deref_opt_out_ecount_z_opt(size)
+#define __deref_opt_out_bcount_z_opt(size)
+#define __deref_opt_out_nz_opt
+#define __deref_opt_out_ecount_nz_opt(size)
+#define __deref_opt_out_bcount_nz_opt(size)
+#define __deref_opt_inout_opt
+#define __deref_opt_inout_ecount_opt(size)
+#define __deref_opt_inout_bcount_opt(size)
+#define __deref_opt_inout_ecount_part_opt(size,length)
+#define __deref_opt_inout_bcount_part_opt(size,length)
+#define __deref_opt_inout_ecount_full_opt(size)
+#define __deref_opt_inout_bcount_full_opt(size)
+#define __deref_opt_inout_z_opt
+#define __deref_opt_inout_ecount_z_opt(size)
+#define __deref_opt_inout_bcount_z_opt(size)
+#define __deref_opt_inout_nz_opt
+#define __deref_opt_inout_ecount_nz_opt(size)
+#define __deref_opt_inout_bcount_nz_opt(size)
+
+#define __success(expr)
+#define __nullterminated
+#define __nullnullterminated
+#define __reserved
+#define __checkReturn
+#define __typefix(ctype)
+#define __override
+#define __callback
+#define __format_string
+#define __blocksOn(resource)
+#define __control_entrypoint(category)
+#define __data_entrypoint(category)
+
+#ifndef __fallthrough
+    #define __fallthrough __inner_fallthrough
+#endif
+
+#ifndef __analysis_assume
+    #define __analysis_assume(expr)
+#endif
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/sdkddkver.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/sdkddkver.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44b5fb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/sdkddkver.h
@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+/**
+ * sdkddkver.h: Version definitions for SDK and DDK. Originally
+ * from ReactOS PSDK/DDK, this file is in the public domain:
+ *
+ * This file has no copyright assigned and is placed in the Public Domain.
+ * This file is part of the mingw-w64 runtime package.
+ * No warranty is given; refer to the file DISCLAIMER.PD within this package.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _INC_SDKDDKVER
+#define _INC_SDKDDKVER
+
+/* _WIN32_WINNT */
+#define _WIN32_WINNT_NT4 0x0400
+#define _WIN32_WINNT_WIN2K 0x0500
+#define _WIN32_WINNT_WINXP 0x0501
+#define _WIN32_WINNT_WS03 0x0502
+#define _WIN32_WINNT_WIN6 0x0600
+#define _WIN32_WINNT_VISTA 0x0600
+#define _WIN32_WINNT_WS08 0x0600
+#define _WIN32_WINNT_LONGHORN 0x0600
+#define _WIN32_WINNT_WIN7 0x0601
+#define _WIN32_WINNT_WIN8 0x0602
+#define _WIN32_WINNT_WINBLUE 0x0603
+#define _WIN32_WINNT_WINTHRESHOLD 0x0A00
+#define _WIN32_WINNT_WIN10 0x0A00
+
+/* _WIN32_IE */
+#define _WIN32_IE_IE20 0x0200
+#define _WIN32_IE_IE30 0x0300
+#define _WIN32_IE_IE302 0x0302
+#define _WIN32_IE_IE40 0x0400
+#define _WIN32_IE_IE401 0x0401
+#define _WIN32_IE_IE50 0x0500
+#define _WIN32_IE_IE501 0x0501
+#define _WIN32_IE_IE55 0x0550
+#define _WIN32_IE_IE60 0x0600
+#define _WIN32_IE_IE60SP1 0x0601
+#define _WIN32_IE_IE60SP2 0x0603
+#define _WIN32_IE_IE70 0x0700
+#define _WIN32_IE_IE80 0x0800
+#define _WIN32_IE_IE90 0x0900
+#define _WIN32_IE_IE100 0x0a00
+#define _WIN32_IE_IE110 0x0A00
+
+/* Mappings Between IE Version and Windows Version */
+#define _WIN32_IE_NT4 _WIN32_IE_IE20
+#define _WIN32_IE_NT4SP1 _WIN32_IE_IE20
+#define _WIN32_IE_NT4SP2 _WIN32_IE_IE20
+#define _WIN32_IE_NT4SP3 _WIN32_IE_IE302
+#define _WIN32_IE_NT4SP4 _WIN32_IE_IE401
+#define _WIN32_IE_NT4SP5 _WIN32_IE_IE401
+#define _WIN32_IE_NT4SP6 _WIN32_IE_IE50
+#define _WIN32_IE_WIN98 _WIN32_IE_IE401
+#define _WIN32_IE_WIN98SE _WIN32_IE_IE50
+#define _WIN32_IE_WINME _WIN32_IE_IE55
+#define _WIN32_IE_WIN2K _WIN32_IE_IE501
+#define _WIN32_IE_WIN2KSP1 _WIN32_IE_IE501
+#define _WIN32_IE_WIN2KSP2 _WIN32_IE_IE501
+#define _WIN32_IE_WIN2KSP3 _WIN32_IE_IE501
+#define _WIN32_IE_WIN2KSP4 _WIN32_IE_IE501
+#define _WIN32_IE_XP _WIN32_IE_IE60
+#define _WIN32_IE_XPSP1 _WIN32_IE_IE60SP1
+#define _WIN32_IE_XPSP2 _WIN32_IE_IE60SP2
+#define _WIN32_IE_WS03 0x0602
+#define _WIN32_IE_WS03SP1 _WIN32_IE_IE60SP2
+#define _WIN32_IE_WIN6 _WIN32_IE_IE70
+#define _WIN32_IE_LONGHORN _WIN32_IE_IE70
+#define _WIN32_IE_WIN7 _WIN32_IE_IE80
+#define _WIN32_IE_WIN8 _WIN32_IE_IE100
+#define _WIN32_IE_WINBLUE _WIN32_IE_IE100
+#define _WIN32_IE_WINTHRESHOLD _WIN32_IE_IE110
+#define _WIN32_IE_WIN10 _WIN32_IE_IE110
+
+/* NTDDI_VERSION */
+#ifndef NTDDI_WIN2K
+#define NTDDI_WIN2K 0x05000000
+#endif
+#ifndef NTDDI_WIN2KSP1
+#define NTDDI_WIN2KSP1 0x05000100
+#endif
+#ifndef NTDDI_WIN2KSP2
+#define NTDDI_WIN2KSP2 0x05000200
+#endif
+#ifndef NTDDI_WIN2KSP3
+#define NTDDI_WIN2KSP3 0x05000300
+#endif
+#ifndef NTDDI_WIN2KSP4
+#define NTDDI_WIN2KSP4 0x05000400
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NTDDI_WINXP
+#define NTDDI_WINXP 0x05010000
+#endif
+#ifndef NTDDI_WINXPSP1
+#define NTDDI_WINXPSP1 0x05010100
+#endif
+#ifndef NTDDI_WINXPSP2
+#define NTDDI_WINXPSP2 0x05010200
+#endif
+#ifndef NTDDI_WINXPSP3
+#define NTDDI_WINXPSP3 0x05010300
+#endif
+#ifndef NTDDI_WINXPSP4
+#define NTDDI_WINXPSP4 0x05010400
+#endif
+
+#define NTDDI_WS03 0x05020000
+#define NTDDI_WS03SP1 0x05020100
+#define NTDDI_WS03SP2 0x05020200
+#define NTDDI_WS03SP3 0x05020300
+#define NTDDI_WS03SP4 0x05020400
+
+#define NTDDI_WIN6 0x06000000
+#define NTDDI_WIN6SP1 0x06000100
+#define NTDDI_WIN6SP2 0x06000200
+#define NTDDI_WIN6SP3 0x06000300
+#define NTDDI_WIN6SP4 0x06000400
+
+#define NTDDI_VISTA NTDDI_WIN6
+#define NTDDI_VISTASP1 NTDDI_WIN6SP1
+#define NTDDI_VISTASP2 NTDDI_WIN6SP2
+#define NTDDI_VISTASP3 NTDDI_WIN6SP3
+#define NTDDI_VISTASP4 NTDDI_WIN6SP4
+#define NTDDI_LONGHORN NTDDI_VISTA
+
+#define NTDDI_WS08 NTDDI_WIN6SP1
+#define NTDDI_WS08SP2 NTDDI_WIN6SP2
+#define NTDDI_WS08SP3 NTDDI_WIN6SP3
+#define NTDDI_WS08SP4 NTDDI_WIN6SP4
+
+#define NTDDI_WIN7 0x06010000
+#define NTDDI_WIN8 0x06020000
+#define NTDDI_WINBLUE 0x06030000
+#define NTDDI_WINTHRESHOLD 0x0A000000
+#define NTDDI_WIN10 0x0A000000
+#define NTDDI_WIN10_TH2 0x0A000001
+#define NTDDI_WIN10_RS1 0x0A000002
+#define NTDDI_WIN10_RS2 0x0A000003
+#define NTDDI_WIN10_RS3 0x0A000004
+#define NTDDI_WIN10_RS4 0x0A000005
+#define NTDDI_WIN10_RS5 0x0A000006
+#define NTDDI_WIN10_19H1 0x0A000007
+#define NTDDI_WIN10_VB 0x0A000008
+#define NTDDI_WIN10_MN 0x0A000009
+#define NTDDI_WIN10_FE 0x0A00000A
+
+#define WDK_NTDDI_VERSION NTDDI_WIN10_FE
+
+/* Version Fields in NTDDI_VERSION */
+#define OSVERSION_MASK 0xFFFF0000U
+#define SPVERSION_MASK 0x0000FF00
+#define SUBVERSION_MASK 0x000000FF
+
+/* Macros to Extract Version Fields From NTDDI_VERSION */
+#define OSVER(Version) ((Version) & OSVERSION_MASK)
+#define SPVER(Version) (((Version) & SPVERSION_MASK) >> 8)
+#define SUBVER(Version) (((Version) & SUBVERSION_MASK))
+
+/* Macros to get the NTDDI for a given WIN32 */
+#define NTDDI_VERSION_FROM_WIN32_WINNT2(Version) Version##0000
+#define NTDDI_VERSION_FROM_WIN32_WINNT(Version) NTDDI_VERSION_FROM_WIN32_WINNT2(Version)
+
+/* Select Default WIN32_WINNT Value */
+#if !defined(_WIN32_WINNT) && !defined(_CHICAGO_)
+#define _WIN32_WINNT _WIN32_WINNT_WS03
+#endif
+
+/* Choose NTDDI Version */
+#ifndef NTDDI_VERSION
+#ifdef _WIN32_WINNT
+#define NTDDI_VERSION NTDDI_VERSION_FROM_WIN32_WINNT(_WIN32_WINNT)
+#else
+#define NTDDI_VERSION NTDDI_WS03
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/* Choose WINVER Value */
+#ifndef WINVER
+#ifdef _WIN32_WINNT
+#define WINVER _WIN32_WINNT
+#else
+#define WINVER 0x0502
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/* Choose IE Version */
+#ifndef _WIN32_IE
+#ifdef _WIN32_WINNT
+#if (_WIN32_WINNT <= _WIN32_WINNT_NT4)
+#define _WIN32_IE _WIN32_IE_IE50
+#elif (_WIN32_WINNT <= _WIN32_WINNT_WIN2K)
+#define _WIN32_IE _WIN32_IE_IE501
+#elif (_WIN32_WINNT <= _WIN32_WINNT_WINXP)
+#define _WIN32_IE _WIN32_IE_IE60
+#elif (_WIN32_WINNT <= _WIN32_WINNT_WS03)
+#define _WIN32_IE _WIN32_IE_WS03
+#elif (_WIN32_WINNT <= _WIN32_WINNT_VISTA)
+#define _WIN32_IE _WIN32_IE_LONGHORN
+#elif (_WIN32_WINNT <= _WIN32_WINNT_WIN7)
+#define _WIN32_IE _WIN32_IE_WIN7
+#elif (_WIN32_WINNT <= _WIN32_WINNT_WIN8)
+#define _WIN32_IE _WIN32_IE_WIN8
+#else
+#define _WIN32_IE 0x0a00
+#endif
+#else
+#define _WIN32_IE 0x0700
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/* Make Sure NTDDI_VERSION and _WIN32_WINNT Match */
+#if ((OSVER(NTDDI_VERSION) == NTDDI_WIN2K) && (_WIN32_WINNT != _WIN32_WINNT_WIN2K)) || \
+    ((OSVER(NTDDI_VERSION) == NTDDI_WINXP) && (_WIN32_WINNT != _WIN32_WINNT_WINXP)) || \
+    ((OSVER(NTDDI_VERSION) == NTDDI_WS03) && (_WIN32_WINNT != _WIN32_WINNT_WS03))   || \
+    ((OSVER(NTDDI_VERSION) == NTDDI_WINXP) && (_WIN32_WINNT != _WIN32_WINNT_WINXP))
+#error NTDDI_VERSION and _WIN32_WINNT mismatch!
+#endif
+
+#endif /* _INC_SDKDDKVER */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/structuredquery.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/structuredquery.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bca20a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/structuredquery.h
@@ -0,0 +1,2478 @@
+
+
+/* this ALWAYS GENERATED file contains the definitions for the interfaces */
+
+
+ /* File created by MIDL compiler version 7.00.0499 */
+/* Compiler settings for structuredquery.idl:
+    Oicf, W1, Zp8, env=Win32 (32b run)
+    protocol : dce , ms_ext, c_ext, robust
+    error checks: allocation ref bounds_check enum stub_data 
+    VC __declspec() decoration level: 
+         __declspec(uuid()), __declspec(selectany), __declspec(novtable)
+         DECLSPEC_UUID(), MIDL_INTERFACE()
+*/
+//@@MIDL_FILE_HEADING(  )
+
+#pragma warning( disable: 4049 )  /* more than 64k source lines */
+
+
+/* verify that the <rpcndr.h> version is high enough to compile this file*/
+#ifndef __REQUIRED_RPCNDR_H_VERSION__
+#define __REQUIRED_RPCNDR_H_VERSION__ 475
+#endif
+
+/* verify that the <rpcsal.h> version is high enough to compile this file*/
+#ifndef __REQUIRED_RPCSAL_H_VERSION__
+#define __REQUIRED_RPCSAL_H_VERSION__ 100
+#endif
+
+#include "rpc.h"
+#include "rpcndr.h"
+
+#ifndef __RPCNDR_H_VERSION__
+#error this stub requires an updated version of <rpcndr.h>
+#endif // __RPCNDR_H_VERSION__
+
+#ifndef COM_NO_WINDOWS_H
+#include "windows.h"
+#include "ole2.h"
+#endif /*COM_NO_WINDOWS_H*/
+
+#ifndef __structuredquery_h__
+#define __structuredquery_h__
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1020)
+#pragma once
+#endif
+
+/* Forward Declarations */ 
+
+#ifndef __IQueryParser_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IQueryParser_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IQueryParser IQueryParser;
+#endif 	/* __IQueryParser_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IConditionFactory_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IConditionFactory_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IConditionFactory IConditionFactory;
+#endif 	/* __IConditionFactory_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IQuerySolution_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IQuerySolution_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IQuerySolution IQuerySolution;
+#endif 	/* __IQuerySolution_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __ICondition_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __ICondition_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface ICondition ICondition;
+#endif 	/* __ICondition_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IConditionGenerator_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IConditionGenerator_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IConditionGenerator IConditionGenerator;
+#endif 	/* __IConditionGenerator_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IRichChunk_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IRichChunk_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IRichChunk IRichChunk;
+#endif 	/* __IRichChunk_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IInterval_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IInterval_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IInterval IInterval;
+#endif 	/* __IInterval_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IMetaData_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IMetaData_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IMetaData IMetaData;
+#endif 	/* __IMetaData_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IEntity_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IEntity_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IEntity IEntity;
+#endif 	/* __IEntity_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IRelationship_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IRelationship_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IRelationship IRelationship;
+#endif 	/* __IRelationship_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __INamedEntity_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __INamedEntity_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface INamedEntity INamedEntity;
+#endif 	/* __INamedEntity_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __ISchemaProvider_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __ISchemaProvider_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface ISchemaProvider ISchemaProvider;
+#endif 	/* __ISchemaProvider_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __ITokenCollection_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __ITokenCollection_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface ITokenCollection ITokenCollection;
+#endif 	/* __ITokenCollection_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __INamedEntityCollector_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __INamedEntityCollector_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface INamedEntityCollector INamedEntityCollector;
+#endif 	/* __INamedEntityCollector_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __ISchemaLocalizerSupport_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __ISchemaLocalizerSupport_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface ISchemaLocalizerSupport ISchemaLocalizerSupport;
+#endif 	/* __ISchemaLocalizerSupport_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IQueryParserManager_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __IQueryParserManager_FWD_DEFINED__
+typedef interface IQueryParserManager IQueryParserManager;
+#endif 	/* __IQueryParserManager_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __QueryParser_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __QueryParser_FWD_DEFINED__
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+typedef class QueryParser QueryParser;
+#else
+typedef struct QueryParser QueryParser;
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif 	/* __QueryParser_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __NegationCondition_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __NegationCondition_FWD_DEFINED__
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+typedef class NegationCondition NegationCondition;
+#else
+typedef struct NegationCondition NegationCondition;
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif 	/* __NegationCondition_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __CompoundCondition_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __CompoundCondition_FWD_DEFINED__
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+typedef class CompoundCondition CompoundCondition;
+#else
+typedef struct CompoundCondition CompoundCondition;
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif 	/* __CompoundCondition_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __LeafCondition_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __LeafCondition_FWD_DEFINED__
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+typedef class LeafCondition LeafCondition;
+#else
+typedef struct LeafCondition LeafCondition;
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif 	/* __LeafCondition_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __ConditionFactory_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __ConditionFactory_FWD_DEFINED__
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+typedef class ConditionFactory ConditionFactory;
+#else
+typedef struct ConditionFactory ConditionFactory;
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif 	/* __ConditionFactory_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __Interval_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __Interval_FWD_DEFINED__
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+typedef class Interval Interval;
+#else
+typedef struct Interval Interval;
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif 	/* __Interval_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __QueryParserManager_FWD_DEFINED__
+#define __QueryParserManager_FWD_DEFINED__
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+typedef class QueryParserManager QueryParserManager;
+#else
+typedef struct QueryParserManager QueryParserManager;
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif 	/* __QueryParserManager_FWD_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+/* header files for imported files */
+#include "oaidl.h"
+#include "ocidl.h"
+#include "propidl.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"{
+#endif 
+
+
+/* interface __MIDL_itf_structuredquery_0000_0000 */
+/* [local] */ 
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+typedef /* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagCONDITION_TYPE
+    {	CT_AND_CONDITION	= 0,
+	CT_OR_CONDITION	= ( CT_AND_CONDITION + 1 ) ,
+	CT_NOT_CONDITION	= ( CT_OR_CONDITION + 1 ) ,
+	CT_LEAF_CONDITION	= ( CT_NOT_CONDITION + 1 ) 
+    } 	CONDITION_TYPE;
+
+typedef /* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagCONDITION_OPERATION
+    {	COP_IMPLICIT	= 0,
+	COP_EQUAL	= ( COP_IMPLICIT + 1 ) ,
+	COP_NOTEQUAL	= ( COP_EQUAL + 1 ) ,
+	COP_LESSTHAN	= ( COP_NOTEQUAL + 1 ) ,
+	COP_GREATERTHAN	= ( COP_LESSTHAN + 1 ) ,
+	COP_LESSTHANOREQUAL	= ( COP_GREATERTHAN + 1 ) ,
+	COP_GREATERTHANOREQUAL	= ( COP_LESSTHANOREQUAL + 1 ) ,
+	COP_VALUE_STARTSWITH	= ( COP_GREATERTHANOREQUAL + 1 ) ,
+	COP_VALUE_ENDSWITH	= ( COP_VALUE_STARTSWITH + 1 ) ,
+	COP_VALUE_CONTAINS	= ( COP_VALUE_ENDSWITH + 1 ) ,
+	COP_VALUE_NOTCONTAINS	= ( COP_VALUE_CONTAINS + 1 ) ,
+	COP_DOSWILDCARDS	= ( COP_VALUE_NOTCONTAINS + 1 ) ,
+	COP_WORD_EQUAL	= ( COP_DOSWILDCARDS + 1 ) ,
+	COP_WORD_STARTSWITH	= ( COP_WORD_EQUAL + 1 ) ,
+	COP_APPLICATION_SPECIFIC	= ( COP_WORD_STARTSWITH + 1 ) 
+    } 	CONDITION_OPERATION;
+
+typedef /* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagSTRUCTURED_QUERY_SINGLE_OPTION
+    {	SQSO_SCHEMA	= 0,
+	SQSO_LOCALE_WORD_BREAKING	= ( SQSO_SCHEMA + 1 ) ,
+	SQSO_WORD_BREAKER	= ( SQSO_LOCALE_WORD_BREAKING + 1 ) ,
+	SQSO_NATURAL_SYNTAX	= ( SQSO_WORD_BREAKER + 1 ) ,
+	SQSO_AUTOMATIC_WILDCARD	= ( SQSO_NATURAL_SYNTAX + 1 ) ,
+	SQSO_TRACE_LEVEL	= ( SQSO_AUTOMATIC_WILDCARD + 1 ) ,
+	SQSO_LANGUAGE_KEYWORDS	= ( SQSO_TRACE_LEVEL + 1 ) 
+    } 	STRUCTURED_QUERY_SINGLE_OPTION;
+
+typedef /* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagSTRUCTURED_QUERY_MULTIOPTION
+    {	SQMO_VIRTUAL_PROPERTY	= 0,
+	SQMO_DEFAULT_PROPERTY	= ( SQMO_VIRTUAL_PROPERTY + 1 ) ,
+	SQMO_GENERATOR_FOR_TYPE	= ( SQMO_DEFAULT_PROPERTY + 1 ) 
+    } 	STRUCTURED_QUERY_MULTIOPTION;
+
+typedef /* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagSTRUCTURED_QUERY_PARSE_ERROR
+    {	SQPE_NONE	= 0,
+	SQPE_EXTRA_OPENING_PARENTHESIS	= ( SQPE_NONE + 1 ) ,
+	SQPE_EXTRA_CLOSING_PARENTHESIS	= ( SQPE_EXTRA_OPENING_PARENTHESIS + 1 ) ,
+	SQPE_IGNORED_MODIFIER	= ( SQPE_EXTRA_CLOSING_PARENTHESIS + 1 ) ,
+	SQPE_IGNORED_CONNECTOR	= ( SQPE_IGNORED_MODIFIER + 1 ) ,
+	SQPE_IGNORED_KEYWORD	= ( SQPE_IGNORED_CONNECTOR + 1 ) ,
+	SQPE_UNHANDLED	= ( SQPE_IGNORED_KEYWORD + 1 ) 
+    } 	STRUCTURED_QUERY_PARSE_ERROR;
+
+/* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagSTRUCTURED_QUERY_RESOLVE_OPTION
+    {	SQRO_DONT_RESOLVE_DATETIME	= 0x1,
+	SQRO_ALWAYS_ONE_INTERVAL	= 0x2,
+	SQRO_DONT_SIMPLIFY_CONDITION_TREES	= 0x4,
+	SQRO_DONT_MAP_RELATIONS	= 0x8,
+	SQRO_DONT_RESOLVE_RANGES	= 0x10,
+	SQRO_DONT_REMOVE_UNRESTRICTED_KEYWORDS	= 0x20,
+	SQRO_DONT_SPLIT_WORDS	= 0x40,
+	SQRO_IGNORE_PHRASE_ORDER	= 0x80
+    } ;
+typedef int STRUCTURED_QUERY_RESOLVE_OPTION;
+
+typedef /* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagINTERVAL_LIMIT_KIND
+    {	ILK_EXPLICIT_INCLUDED	= 0,
+	ILK_EXPLICIT_EXCLUDED	= ( ILK_EXPLICIT_INCLUDED + 1 ) ,
+	ILK_NEGATIVE_INFINITY	= ( ILK_EXPLICIT_EXCLUDED + 1 ) ,
+	ILK_POSITIVE_INFINITY	= ( ILK_NEGATIVE_INFINITY + 1 ) 
+    } 	INTERVAL_LIMIT_KIND;
+
+typedef /* [v1_enum] */ 
+enum tagQUERY_PARSER_MANAGER_OPTION
+    {	QPMO_SCHEMA_BINARY_NAME	= 0,
+	QPMO_PRELOCALIZED_SCHEMA_BINARY_PATH	= ( QPMO_SCHEMA_BINARY_NAME + 1 ) ,
+	QPMO_UNLOCALIZED_SCHEMA_BINARY_PATH	= ( QPMO_PRELOCALIZED_SCHEMA_BINARY_PATH + 1 ) ,
+	QPMO_LOCALIZED_SCHEMA_BINARY_PATH	= ( QPMO_UNLOCALIZED_SCHEMA_BINARY_PATH + 1 ) ,
+	QPMO_APPEND_LCID_TO_LOCALIZED_PATH	= ( QPMO_LOCALIZED_SCHEMA_BINARY_PATH + 1 ) ,
+	QPMO_LOCALIZER_SUPPORT	= ( QPMO_APPEND_LCID_TO_LOCALIZED_PATH + 1 ) 
+    } 	QUERY_PARSER_MANAGER_OPTION;
+
+
+
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_structuredquery_0000_0000_v0_0_c_ifspec;
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_structuredquery_0000_0000_v0_0_s_ifspec;
+
+#ifndef __IQueryParser_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IQueryParser_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IQueryParser */
+/* [unique][uuid][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IQueryParser;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("2EBDEE67-3505-43f8-9946-EA44ABC8E5B0")
+    IQueryParser : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Parse( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszInputString,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IEnumUnknown *pCustomProperties,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt IQuerySolution **ppSolution) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetOption( 
+            /* [in] */ STRUCTURED_QUERY_SINGLE_OPTION option,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in const PROPVARIANT *pOptionValue) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetOption( 
+            /* [in] */ STRUCTURED_QUERY_SINGLE_OPTION option,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *pOptionValue) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetMultiOption( 
+            /* [in] */ STRUCTURED_QUERY_MULTIOPTION option,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszOptionKey,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in const PROPVARIANT *pOptionValue) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetSchemaProvider( 
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt ISchemaProvider **ppSchemaProvider) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE RestateToString( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt ICondition *pCondition,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL fUseEnglish,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt LPWSTR *ppszQueryString) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE ParsePropertyValue( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszPropertyName,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszInputString,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt IQuerySolution **ppSolution) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE RestatePropertyValueToString( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt ICondition *pCondition,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL fUseEnglish,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt LPWSTR *ppszPropertyName,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt LPWSTR *ppszQueryString) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IQueryParserVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IQueryParser * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IQueryParser * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IQueryParser * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Parse )( 
+            IQueryParser * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszInputString,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IEnumUnknown *pCustomProperties,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt IQuerySolution **ppSolution);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetOption )( 
+            IQueryParser * This,
+            /* [in] */ STRUCTURED_QUERY_SINGLE_OPTION option,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in const PROPVARIANT *pOptionValue);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetOption )( 
+            IQueryParser * This,
+            /* [in] */ STRUCTURED_QUERY_SINGLE_OPTION option,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *pOptionValue);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetMultiOption )( 
+            IQueryParser * This,
+            /* [in] */ STRUCTURED_QUERY_MULTIOPTION option,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszOptionKey,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in const PROPVARIANT *pOptionValue);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetSchemaProvider )( 
+            IQueryParser * This,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt ISchemaProvider **ppSchemaProvider);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *RestateToString )( 
+            IQueryParser * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt ICondition *pCondition,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL fUseEnglish,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt LPWSTR *ppszQueryString);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *ParsePropertyValue )( 
+            IQueryParser * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszPropertyName,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszInputString,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt IQuerySolution **ppSolution);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *RestatePropertyValueToString )( 
+            IQueryParser * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt ICondition *pCondition,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL fUseEnglish,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt LPWSTR *ppszPropertyName,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt LPWSTR *ppszQueryString);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IQueryParserVtbl;
+
+    interface IQueryParser
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IQueryParserVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IQueryParser_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IQueryParser_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IQueryParser_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IQueryParser_Parse(This,pszInputString,pCustomProperties,ppSolution)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Parse(This,pszInputString,pCustomProperties,ppSolution) ) 
+
+#define IQueryParser_SetOption(This,option,pOptionValue)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetOption(This,option,pOptionValue) ) 
+
+#define IQueryParser_GetOption(This,option,pOptionValue)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetOption(This,option,pOptionValue) ) 
+
+#define IQueryParser_SetMultiOption(This,option,pszOptionKey,pOptionValue)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetMultiOption(This,option,pszOptionKey,pOptionValue) ) 
+
+#define IQueryParser_GetSchemaProvider(This,ppSchemaProvider)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetSchemaProvider(This,ppSchemaProvider) ) 
+
+#define IQueryParser_RestateToString(This,pCondition,fUseEnglish,ppszQueryString)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> RestateToString(This,pCondition,fUseEnglish,ppszQueryString) ) 
+
+#define IQueryParser_ParsePropertyValue(This,pszPropertyName,pszInputString,ppSolution)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> ParsePropertyValue(This,pszPropertyName,pszInputString,ppSolution) ) 
+
+#define IQueryParser_RestatePropertyValueToString(This,pCondition,fUseEnglish,ppszPropertyName,ppszQueryString)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> RestatePropertyValueToString(This,pCondition,fUseEnglish,ppszPropertyName,ppszQueryString) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IQueryParser_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IConditionFactory_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IConditionFactory_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IConditionFactory */
+/* [unique][uuid][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IConditionFactory;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("A5EFE073-B16F-474f-9F3E-9F8B497A3E08")
+    IConditionFactory : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE MakeNot( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt ICondition *pSubCondition,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL simplify,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt ICondition **ppResultQuery) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE MakeAndOr( 
+            /* [in] */ CONDITION_TYPE nodeType,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IEnumUnknown *pSubConditions,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL simplify,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt ICondition **ppResultQuery) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE MakeLeaf( 
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt LPCWSTR pszPropertyName,
+            /* [in] */ CONDITION_OPERATION op,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt LPCWSTR pszValueType,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in const PROPVARIANT *pValue,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IRichChunk *pPropertyNameTerm,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IRichChunk *pOperationTerm,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IRichChunk *pValueTerm,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL expand,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt ICondition **ppResultQuery) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [local] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Resolve( 
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  ICondition *pConditionTree,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  STRUCTURED_QUERY_RESOLVE_OPTION sqro,
+            /* [ref][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  const SYSTEMTIME *pstReferenceTime,
+            /* [retval][out] */ 
+            __out  ICondition **ppResolvedConditionTree) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IConditionFactoryVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IConditionFactory * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IConditionFactory * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IConditionFactory * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *MakeNot )( 
+            IConditionFactory * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt ICondition *pSubCondition,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL simplify,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt ICondition **ppResultQuery);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *MakeAndOr )( 
+            IConditionFactory * This,
+            /* [in] */ CONDITION_TYPE nodeType,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IEnumUnknown *pSubConditions,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL simplify,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt ICondition **ppResultQuery);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *MakeLeaf )( 
+            IConditionFactory * This,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt LPCWSTR pszPropertyName,
+            /* [in] */ CONDITION_OPERATION op,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt LPCWSTR pszValueType,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in const PROPVARIANT *pValue,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IRichChunk *pPropertyNameTerm,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IRichChunk *pOperationTerm,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IRichChunk *pValueTerm,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL expand,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt ICondition **ppResultQuery);
+        
+        /* [local] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Resolve )( 
+            IConditionFactory * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  ICondition *pConditionTree,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  STRUCTURED_QUERY_RESOLVE_OPTION sqro,
+            /* [ref][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  const SYSTEMTIME *pstReferenceTime,
+            /* [retval][out] */ 
+            __out  ICondition **ppResolvedConditionTree);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IConditionFactoryVtbl;
+
+    interface IConditionFactory
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IConditionFactoryVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IConditionFactory_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IConditionFactory_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IConditionFactory_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IConditionFactory_MakeNot(This,pSubCondition,simplify,ppResultQuery)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> MakeNot(This,pSubCondition,simplify,ppResultQuery) ) 
+
+#define IConditionFactory_MakeAndOr(This,nodeType,pSubConditions,simplify,ppResultQuery)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> MakeAndOr(This,nodeType,pSubConditions,simplify,ppResultQuery) ) 
+
+#define IConditionFactory_MakeLeaf(This,pszPropertyName,op,pszValueType,pValue,pPropertyNameTerm,pOperationTerm,pValueTerm,expand,ppResultQuery)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> MakeLeaf(This,pszPropertyName,op,pszValueType,pValue,pPropertyNameTerm,pOperationTerm,pValueTerm,expand,ppResultQuery) ) 
+
+#define IConditionFactory_Resolve(This,pConditionTree,sqro,pstReferenceTime,ppResolvedConditionTree)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Resolve(This,pConditionTree,sqro,pstReferenceTime,ppResolvedConditionTree) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IConditionFactory_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IQuerySolution_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IQuerySolution_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IQuerySolution */
+/* [unique][uuid][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IQuerySolution;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("D6EBC66B-8921-4193-AFDD-A1789FB7FF57")
+    IQuerySolution : public IConditionFactory
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [local] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetQuery( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  ICondition **ppQueryNode,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  IEntity **ppMainType) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetErrors( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppParseErrors) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [local] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetLexicalData( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppszInputString,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  ITokenCollection **ppTokens,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  LCID *pLocale,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  IUnknown **ppWordBreaker) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IQuerySolutionVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IQuerySolution * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IQuerySolution * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IQuerySolution * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *MakeNot )( 
+            IQuerySolution * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt ICondition *pSubCondition,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL simplify,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt ICondition **ppResultQuery);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *MakeAndOr )( 
+            IQuerySolution * This,
+            /* [in] */ CONDITION_TYPE nodeType,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IEnumUnknown *pSubConditions,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL simplify,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt ICondition **ppResultQuery);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *MakeLeaf )( 
+            IQuerySolution * This,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt LPCWSTR pszPropertyName,
+            /* [in] */ CONDITION_OPERATION op,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt LPCWSTR pszValueType,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in const PROPVARIANT *pValue,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IRichChunk *pPropertyNameTerm,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IRichChunk *pOperationTerm,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IRichChunk *pValueTerm,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL expand,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt ICondition **ppResultQuery);
+        
+        /* [local] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Resolve )( 
+            IQuerySolution * This,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  ICondition *pConditionTree,
+            /* [in] */ 
+            __in  STRUCTURED_QUERY_RESOLVE_OPTION sqro,
+            /* [ref][in] */ 
+            __in_opt  const SYSTEMTIME *pstReferenceTime,
+            /* [retval][out] */ 
+            __out  ICondition **ppResolvedConditionTree);
+        
+        /* [local] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetQuery )( 
+            IQuerySolution * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  ICondition **ppQueryNode,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  IEntity **ppMainType);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetErrors )( 
+            IQuerySolution * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppParseErrors);
+        
+        /* [local] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetLexicalData )( 
+            IQuerySolution * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppszInputString,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  ITokenCollection **ppTokens,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  LCID *pLocale,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  IUnknown **ppWordBreaker);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IQuerySolutionVtbl;
+
+    interface IQuerySolution
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IQuerySolutionVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IQuerySolution_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IQuerySolution_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IQuerySolution_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IQuerySolution_MakeNot(This,pSubCondition,simplify,ppResultQuery)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> MakeNot(This,pSubCondition,simplify,ppResultQuery) ) 
+
+#define IQuerySolution_MakeAndOr(This,nodeType,pSubConditions,simplify,ppResultQuery)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> MakeAndOr(This,nodeType,pSubConditions,simplify,ppResultQuery) ) 
+
+#define IQuerySolution_MakeLeaf(This,pszPropertyName,op,pszValueType,pValue,pPropertyNameTerm,pOperationTerm,pValueTerm,expand,ppResultQuery)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> MakeLeaf(This,pszPropertyName,op,pszValueType,pValue,pPropertyNameTerm,pOperationTerm,pValueTerm,expand,ppResultQuery) ) 
+
+#define IQuerySolution_Resolve(This,pConditionTree,sqro,pstReferenceTime,ppResolvedConditionTree)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Resolve(This,pConditionTree,sqro,pstReferenceTime,ppResolvedConditionTree) ) 
+
+
+#define IQuerySolution_GetQuery(This,ppQueryNode,ppMainType)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetQuery(This,ppQueryNode,ppMainType) ) 
+
+#define IQuerySolution_GetErrors(This,riid,ppParseErrors)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetErrors(This,riid,ppParseErrors) ) 
+
+#define IQuerySolution_GetLexicalData(This,ppszInputString,ppTokens,pLocale,ppWordBreaker)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetLexicalData(This,ppszInputString,ppTokens,pLocale,ppWordBreaker) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IQuerySolution_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __ICondition_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __ICondition_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface ICondition */
+/* [unique][uuid][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_ICondition;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("0FC988D4-C935-4b97-A973-46282EA175C8")
+    ICondition : public IPersistStream
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetConditionType( 
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__out CONDITION_TYPE *pNodeType) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetSubConditions( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [local] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetComparisonInfo( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppszPropertyName,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  CONDITION_OPERATION *pOperation,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  PROPVARIANT *pValue) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetValueType( 
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt LPWSTR *ppszValueTypeName) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetValueNormalization( 
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt LPWSTR *ppszNormalization) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [local] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetInputTerms( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  IRichChunk **ppPropertyTerm,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  IRichChunk **ppOperationTerm,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  IRichChunk **ppValueTerm) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Clone( 
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt ICondition **ppc) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IConditionVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            ICondition * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            ICondition * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            ICondition * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetClassID )( 
+            ICondition * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out CLSID *pClassID);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *IsDirty )( 
+            ICondition * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Load )( 
+            ICondition * This,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt IStream *pStm);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Save )( 
+            ICondition * This,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt IStream *pStm,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL fClearDirty);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetSizeMax )( 
+            ICondition * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out ULARGE_INTEGER *pcbSize);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetConditionType )( 
+            ICondition * This,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__out CONDITION_TYPE *pNodeType);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetSubConditions )( 
+            ICondition * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppv);
+        
+        /* [local] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetComparisonInfo )( 
+            ICondition * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppszPropertyName,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  CONDITION_OPERATION *pOperation,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  PROPVARIANT *pValue);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetValueType )( 
+            ICondition * This,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt LPWSTR *ppszValueTypeName);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetValueNormalization )( 
+            ICondition * This,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt LPWSTR *ppszNormalization);
+        
+        /* [local] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetInputTerms )( 
+            ICondition * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  IRichChunk **ppPropertyTerm,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  IRichChunk **ppOperationTerm,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  IRichChunk **ppValueTerm);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Clone )( 
+            ICondition * This,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt ICondition **ppc);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IConditionVtbl;
+
+    interface ICondition
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IConditionVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define ICondition_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define ICondition_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define ICondition_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define ICondition_GetClassID(This,pClassID)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetClassID(This,pClassID) ) 
+
+
+#define ICondition_IsDirty(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> IsDirty(This) ) 
+
+#define ICondition_Load(This,pStm)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Load(This,pStm) ) 
+
+#define ICondition_Save(This,pStm,fClearDirty)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Save(This,pStm,fClearDirty) ) 
+
+#define ICondition_GetSizeMax(This,pcbSize)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetSizeMax(This,pcbSize) ) 
+
+
+#define ICondition_GetConditionType(This,pNodeType)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetConditionType(This,pNodeType) ) 
+
+#define ICondition_GetSubConditions(This,riid,ppv)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetSubConditions(This,riid,ppv) ) 
+
+#define ICondition_GetComparisonInfo(This,ppszPropertyName,pOperation,pValue)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetComparisonInfo(This,ppszPropertyName,pOperation,pValue) ) 
+
+#define ICondition_GetValueType(This,ppszValueTypeName)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetValueType(This,ppszValueTypeName) ) 
+
+#define ICondition_GetValueNormalization(This,ppszNormalization)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetValueNormalization(This,ppszNormalization) ) 
+
+#define ICondition_GetInputTerms(This,ppPropertyTerm,ppOperationTerm,ppValueTerm)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetInputTerms(This,ppPropertyTerm,ppOperationTerm,ppValueTerm) ) 
+
+#define ICondition_Clone(This,ppc)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Clone(This,ppc) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __ICondition_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IConditionGenerator_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IConditionGenerator_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IConditionGenerator */
+/* [unique][uuid][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IConditionGenerator;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("92D2CC58-4386-45a3-B98C-7E0CE64A4117")
+    IConditionGenerator : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Initialize( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt ISchemaProvider *pSchemaProvider) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE RecognizeNamedEntities( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszInputString,
+            /* [in] */ LCID lcid,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt ITokenCollection *pTokenCollection,
+            /* [out][in] */ __RPC__inout_opt INamedEntityCollector *pNamedEntities) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GenerateForLeaf( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IConditionFactory *pConditionFactory,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt LPCWSTR pszPropertyName,
+            /* [in] */ CONDITION_OPERATION op,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt LPCWSTR pszValueType,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszValue,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt LPCWSTR pszValue2,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IRichChunk *pPropertyNameTerm,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IRichChunk *pOperationTerm,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IRichChunk *pValueTerm,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL automaticWildcard,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out BOOL *pNoStringQuery,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt ICondition **ppQueryExpression) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [local] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE DefaultPhrase( 
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCWSTR pszValueType,
+            /* [in] */ const PROPVARIANT *ppropvar,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL fUseEnglish,
+            /* [retval][out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppszPhrase) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IConditionGeneratorVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IConditionGenerator * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IConditionGenerator * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IConditionGenerator * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Initialize )( 
+            IConditionGenerator * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt ISchemaProvider *pSchemaProvider);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *RecognizeNamedEntities )( 
+            IConditionGenerator * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszInputString,
+            /* [in] */ LCID lcid,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt ITokenCollection *pTokenCollection,
+            /* [out][in] */ __RPC__inout_opt INamedEntityCollector *pNamedEntities);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GenerateForLeaf )( 
+            IConditionGenerator * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IConditionFactory *pConditionFactory,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt LPCWSTR pszPropertyName,
+            /* [in] */ CONDITION_OPERATION op,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt LPCWSTR pszValueType,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszValue,
+            /* [unique][in] */ __RPC__in_opt LPCWSTR pszValue2,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IRichChunk *pPropertyNameTerm,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IRichChunk *pOperationTerm,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IRichChunk *pValueTerm,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL automaticWildcard,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out BOOL *pNoStringQuery,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt ICondition **ppQueryExpression);
+        
+        /* [local] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *DefaultPhrase )( 
+            IConditionGenerator * This,
+            /* [unique][in] */ LPCWSTR pszValueType,
+            /* [in] */ const PROPVARIANT *ppropvar,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL fUseEnglish,
+            /* [retval][out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppszPhrase);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IConditionGeneratorVtbl;
+
+    interface IConditionGenerator
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IConditionGeneratorVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IConditionGenerator_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IConditionGenerator_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IConditionGenerator_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IConditionGenerator_Initialize(This,pSchemaProvider)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Initialize(This,pSchemaProvider) ) 
+
+#define IConditionGenerator_RecognizeNamedEntities(This,pszInputString,lcid,pTokenCollection,pNamedEntities)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> RecognizeNamedEntities(This,pszInputString,lcid,pTokenCollection,pNamedEntities) ) 
+
+#define IConditionGenerator_GenerateForLeaf(This,pConditionFactory,pszPropertyName,op,pszValueType,pszValue,pszValue2,pPropertyNameTerm,pOperationTerm,pValueTerm,automaticWildcard,pNoStringQuery,ppQueryExpression)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GenerateForLeaf(This,pConditionFactory,pszPropertyName,op,pszValueType,pszValue,pszValue2,pPropertyNameTerm,pOperationTerm,pValueTerm,automaticWildcard,pNoStringQuery,ppQueryExpression) ) 
+
+#define IConditionGenerator_DefaultPhrase(This,pszValueType,ppropvar,fUseEnglish,ppszPhrase)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> DefaultPhrase(This,pszValueType,ppropvar,fUseEnglish,ppszPhrase) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IConditionGenerator_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IRichChunk_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IRichChunk_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IRichChunk */
+/* [unique][uuid][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IRichChunk;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("4FDEF69C-DBC9-454e-9910-B34F3C64B510")
+    IRichChunk : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [local] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetData( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  ULONG *pFirstPos,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  ULONG *pLength,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppsz,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  PROPVARIANT *pValue) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IRichChunkVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IRichChunk * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IRichChunk * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IRichChunk * This);
+        
+        /* [local] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetData )( 
+            IRichChunk * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  ULONG *pFirstPos,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  ULONG *pLength,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppsz,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  PROPVARIANT *pValue);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IRichChunkVtbl;
+
+    interface IRichChunk
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IRichChunkVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IRichChunk_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IRichChunk_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IRichChunk_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IRichChunk_GetData(This,pFirstPos,pLength,ppsz,pValue)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetData(This,pFirstPos,pLength,ppsz,pValue) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IRichChunk_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IInterval_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IInterval_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IInterval */
+/* [unique][uuid][object] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IInterval;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("6BF0A714-3C18-430b-8B5D-83B1C234D3DB")
+    IInterval : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetLimits( 
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out INTERVAL_LIMIT_KIND *pilkLower,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *ppropvarLower,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out INTERVAL_LIMIT_KIND *pilkUpper,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *ppropvarUpper) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IIntervalVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IInterval * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IInterval * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IInterval * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetLimits )( 
+            IInterval * This,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out INTERVAL_LIMIT_KIND *pilkLower,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *ppropvarLower,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out INTERVAL_LIMIT_KIND *pilkUpper,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out PROPVARIANT *ppropvarUpper);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IIntervalVtbl;
+
+    interface IInterval
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IIntervalVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IInterval_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IInterval_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IInterval_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IInterval_GetLimits(This,pilkLower,ppropvarLower,pilkUpper,ppropvarUpper)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetLimits(This,pilkLower,ppropvarLower,pilkUpper,ppropvarUpper) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IInterval_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IMetaData_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IMetaData_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IMetaData */
+/* [unique][uuid][object][helpstring] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IMetaData;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("780102B0-C43B-4876-BC7B-5E9BA5C88794")
+    IMetaData : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [local] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetData( 
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppszKey,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppszValue) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IMetaDataVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IMetaData * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IMetaData * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IMetaData * This);
+        
+        /* [local] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetData )( 
+            IMetaData * This,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppszKey,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppszValue);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IMetaDataVtbl;
+
+    interface IMetaData
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IMetaDataVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IMetaData_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IMetaData_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IMetaData_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IMetaData_GetData(This,ppszKey,ppszValue)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetData(This,ppszKey,ppszValue) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IMetaData_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+/* interface __MIDL_itf_structuredquery_0000_0008 */
+/* [local] */ 
+
+
+
+
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_structuredquery_0000_0008_v0_0_c_ifspec;
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_structuredquery_0000_0008_v0_0_s_ifspec;
+
+#ifndef __IEntity_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IEntity_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IEntity */
+/* [unique][object][uuid][helpstring] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IEntity;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("24264891-E80B-4fd3-B7CE-4FF2FAE8931F")
+    IEntity : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [local] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Name( 
+            /* [retval][out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppszName) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Base( 
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt IEntity **pBaseEntity) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Relationships( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **pRelationships) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetRelationship( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszRelationName,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt IRelationship **pRelationship) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE MetaData( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **pMetaData) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE NamedEntities( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **pNamedEntities) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetNamedEntity( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszValue,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt INamedEntity **ppNamedEntity) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [local] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE DefaultPhrase( 
+            /* [retval][out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppszPhrase) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IEntityVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IEntity * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IEntity * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IEntity * This);
+        
+        /* [local] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Name )( 
+            IEntity * This,
+            /* [retval][out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppszName);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Base )( 
+            IEntity * This,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt IEntity **pBaseEntity);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Relationships )( 
+            IEntity * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **pRelationships);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetRelationship )( 
+            IEntity * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszRelationName,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt IRelationship **pRelationship);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *MetaData )( 
+            IEntity * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **pMetaData);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *NamedEntities )( 
+            IEntity * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **pNamedEntities);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetNamedEntity )( 
+            IEntity * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszValue,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt INamedEntity **ppNamedEntity);
+        
+        /* [local] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *DefaultPhrase )( 
+            IEntity * This,
+            /* [retval][out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppszPhrase);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IEntityVtbl;
+
+    interface IEntity
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IEntityVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IEntity_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IEntity_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IEntity_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IEntity_Name(This,ppszName)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Name(This,ppszName) ) 
+
+#define IEntity_Base(This,pBaseEntity)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Base(This,pBaseEntity) ) 
+
+#define IEntity_Relationships(This,riid,pRelationships)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Relationships(This,riid,pRelationships) ) 
+
+#define IEntity_GetRelationship(This,pszRelationName,pRelationship)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetRelationship(This,pszRelationName,pRelationship) ) 
+
+#define IEntity_MetaData(This,riid,pMetaData)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> MetaData(This,riid,pMetaData) ) 
+
+#define IEntity_NamedEntities(This,riid,pNamedEntities)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> NamedEntities(This,riid,pNamedEntities) ) 
+
+#define IEntity_GetNamedEntity(This,pszValue,ppNamedEntity)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetNamedEntity(This,pszValue,ppNamedEntity) ) 
+
+#define IEntity_DefaultPhrase(This,ppszPhrase)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> DefaultPhrase(This,ppszPhrase) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IEntity_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IRelationship_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IRelationship_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IRelationship */
+/* [unique][object][uuid][helpstring] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IRelationship;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("2769280B-5108-498c-9C7F-A51239B63147")
+    IRelationship : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual /* [local] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Name( 
+            /* [retval][out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppszName) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE IsReal( 
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__out BOOL *pIsReal) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Destination( 
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt IEntity **pDestinationEntity) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE MetaData( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **pMetaData) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [local] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE DefaultPhrase( 
+            /* [retval][out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppszPhrase) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IRelationshipVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IRelationship * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IRelationship * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IRelationship * This);
+        
+        /* [local] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Name )( 
+            IRelationship * This,
+            /* [retval][out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppszName);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *IsReal )( 
+            IRelationship * This,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__out BOOL *pIsReal);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Destination )( 
+            IRelationship * This,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt IEntity **pDestinationEntity);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *MetaData )( 
+            IRelationship * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **pMetaData);
+        
+        /* [local] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *DefaultPhrase )( 
+            IRelationship * This,
+            /* [retval][out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppszPhrase);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IRelationshipVtbl;
+
+    interface IRelationship
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IRelationshipVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IRelationship_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IRelationship_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IRelationship_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IRelationship_Name(This,ppszName)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Name(This,ppszName) ) 
+
+#define IRelationship_IsReal(This,pIsReal)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> IsReal(This,pIsReal) ) 
+
+#define IRelationship_Destination(This,pDestinationEntity)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Destination(This,pDestinationEntity) ) 
+
+#define IRelationship_MetaData(This,riid,pMetaData)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> MetaData(This,riid,pMetaData) ) 
+
+#define IRelationship_DefaultPhrase(This,ppszPhrase)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> DefaultPhrase(This,ppszPhrase) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IRelationship_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __INamedEntity_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __INamedEntity_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface INamedEntity */
+/* [unique][uuid][object][helpstring] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_INamedEntity;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("ABDBD0B1-7D54-49fb-AB5C-BFF4130004CD")
+    INamedEntity : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetValue( 
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt LPWSTR *ppszValue) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [local] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE DefaultPhrase( 
+            /* [retval][out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppszPhrase) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct INamedEntityVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            INamedEntity * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            INamedEntity * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            INamedEntity * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetValue )( 
+            INamedEntity * This,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt LPWSTR *ppszValue);
+        
+        /* [local] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *DefaultPhrase )( 
+            INamedEntity * This,
+            /* [retval][out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppszPhrase);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } INamedEntityVtbl;
+
+    interface INamedEntity
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct INamedEntityVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define INamedEntity_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define INamedEntity_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define INamedEntity_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define INamedEntity_GetValue(This,ppszValue)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetValue(This,ppszValue) ) 
+
+#define INamedEntity_DefaultPhrase(This,ppszPhrase)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> DefaultPhrase(This,ppszPhrase) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __INamedEntity_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __ISchemaProvider_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __ISchemaProvider_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface ISchemaProvider */
+/* [unique][object][uuid][helpstring] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_ISchemaProvider;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("8CF89BCB-394C-49b2-AE28-A59DD4ED7F68")
+    ISchemaProvider : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Entities( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **pEntities) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE RootEntity( 
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt IEntity **pRootEntity) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetEntity( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszEntityName,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt IEntity **pEntity) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE MetaData( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **pMetaData) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Localize( 
+            /* [in] */ LCID lcid,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt ISchemaLocalizerSupport *pSchemaLocalizerSupport) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SaveBinary( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszSchemaBinaryPath) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE LookupAuthoredNamedEntity( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IEntity *pEntity,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszInputString,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt ITokenCollection *pTokenCollection,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG cTokensBegin,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out ULONG *pcTokensLength,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt LPWSTR *ppszValue) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct ISchemaProviderVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            ISchemaProvider * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            ISchemaProvider * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            ISchemaProvider * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Entities )( 
+            ISchemaProvider * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **pEntities);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *RootEntity )( 
+            ISchemaProvider * This,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt IEntity **pRootEntity);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetEntity )( 
+            ISchemaProvider * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszEntityName,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt IEntity **pEntity);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *MetaData )( 
+            ISchemaProvider * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **pMetaData);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Localize )( 
+            ISchemaProvider * This,
+            /* [in] */ LCID lcid,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt ISchemaLocalizerSupport *pSchemaLocalizerSupport);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SaveBinary )( 
+            ISchemaProvider * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszSchemaBinaryPath);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *LookupAuthoredNamedEntity )( 
+            ISchemaProvider * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IEntity *pEntity,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszInputString,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt ITokenCollection *pTokenCollection,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG cTokensBegin,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__out ULONG *pcTokensLength,
+            /* [out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt LPWSTR *ppszValue);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } ISchemaProviderVtbl;
+
+    interface ISchemaProvider
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct ISchemaProviderVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define ISchemaProvider_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define ISchemaProvider_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define ISchemaProvider_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define ISchemaProvider_Entities(This,riid,pEntities)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Entities(This,riid,pEntities) ) 
+
+#define ISchemaProvider_RootEntity(This,pRootEntity)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> RootEntity(This,pRootEntity) ) 
+
+#define ISchemaProvider_GetEntity(This,pszEntityName,pEntity)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetEntity(This,pszEntityName,pEntity) ) 
+
+#define ISchemaProvider_MetaData(This,riid,pMetaData)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> MetaData(This,riid,pMetaData) ) 
+
+#define ISchemaProvider_Localize(This,lcid,pSchemaLocalizerSupport)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Localize(This,lcid,pSchemaLocalizerSupport) ) 
+
+#define ISchemaProvider_SaveBinary(This,pszSchemaBinaryPath)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SaveBinary(This,pszSchemaBinaryPath) ) 
+
+#define ISchemaProvider_LookupAuthoredNamedEntity(This,pEntity,pszInputString,pTokenCollection,cTokensBegin,pcTokensLength,ppszValue)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> LookupAuthoredNamedEntity(This,pEntity,pszInputString,pTokenCollection,cTokensBegin,pcTokensLength,ppszValue) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __ISchemaProvider_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __ITokenCollection_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __ITokenCollection_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface ITokenCollection */
+/* [unique][object][uuid][helpstring] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_ITokenCollection;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("22D8B4F2-F577-4adb-A335-C2AE88416FAB")
+    ITokenCollection : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE NumberOfTokens( 
+            __RPC__in ULONG *pCount) = 0;
+        
+        virtual /* [local] */ HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetToken( 
+            /* [in] */ ULONG i,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  ULONG *pBegin,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  ULONG *pLength,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppsz) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct ITokenCollectionVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            ITokenCollection * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            ITokenCollection * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            ITokenCollection * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *NumberOfTokens )( 
+            ITokenCollection * This,
+            __RPC__in ULONG *pCount);
+        
+        /* [local] */ HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *GetToken )( 
+            ITokenCollection * This,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG i,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  ULONG *pBegin,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __out_opt  ULONG *pLength,
+            /* [out] */ 
+            __deref_opt_out  LPWSTR *ppsz);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } ITokenCollectionVtbl;
+
+    interface ITokenCollection
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct ITokenCollectionVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define ITokenCollection_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define ITokenCollection_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define ITokenCollection_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define ITokenCollection_NumberOfTokens(This,pCount)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> NumberOfTokens(This,pCount) ) 
+
+#define ITokenCollection_GetToken(This,i,pBegin,pLength,ppsz)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> GetToken(This,i,pBegin,pLength,ppsz) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __ITokenCollection_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+/* interface __MIDL_itf_structuredquery_0000_0013 */
+/* [local] */ 
+
+typedef /* [public][public][v1_enum] */ 
+enum __MIDL___MIDL_itf_structuredquery_0000_0013_0001
+    {	NEC_LOW	= 0,
+	NEC_MEDIUM	= ( NEC_LOW + 1 ) ,
+	NEC_HIGH	= ( NEC_MEDIUM + 1 ) 
+    } 	NAMED_ENTITY_CERTAINTY;
+
+
+
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_structuredquery_0000_0013_v0_0_c_ifspec;
+extern RPC_IF_HANDLE __MIDL_itf_structuredquery_0000_0013_v0_0_s_ifspec;
+
+#ifndef __INamedEntityCollector_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __INamedEntityCollector_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface INamedEntityCollector */
+/* [unique][object][uuid][helpstring] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_INamedEntityCollector;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("AF2440F6-8AFC-47d0-9A7F-396A0ACFB43D")
+    INamedEntityCollector : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Add( 
+            /* [in] */ ULONG beginSpan,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG endSpan,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG beginActual,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG endActual,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IEntity *pType,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszValue,
+            /* [in] */ NAMED_ENTITY_CERTAINTY certainty) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct INamedEntityCollectorVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            INamedEntityCollector * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            INamedEntityCollector * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            INamedEntityCollector * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Add )( 
+            INamedEntityCollector * This,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG beginSpan,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG endSpan,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG beginActual,
+            /* [in] */ ULONG endActual,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IEntity *pType,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszValue,
+            /* [in] */ NAMED_ENTITY_CERTAINTY certainty);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } INamedEntityCollectorVtbl;
+
+    interface INamedEntityCollector
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct INamedEntityCollectorVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define INamedEntityCollector_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define INamedEntityCollector_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define INamedEntityCollector_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define INamedEntityCollector_Add(This,beginSpan,endSpan,beginActual,endActual,pType,pszValue,certainty)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Add(This,beginSpan,endSpan,beginActual,endActual,pType,pszValue,certainty) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __INamedEntityCollector_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __ISchemaLocalizerSupport_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __ISchemaLocalizerSupport_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface ISchemaLocalizerSupport */
+/* [unique][object][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_ISchemaLocalizerSupport;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("CA3FDCA2-BFBE-4eed-90D7-0CAEF0A1BDA1")
+    ISchemaLocalizerSupport : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Localize( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszGlobalString,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt LPWSTR *ppszLocalString) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct ISchemaLocalizerSupportVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            ISchemaLocalizerSupport * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            ISchemaLocalizerSupport * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            ISchemaLocalizerSupport * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Localize )( 
+            ISchemaLocalizerSupport * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszGlobalString,
+            /* [retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt LPWSTR *ppszLocalString);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } ISchemaLocalizerSupportVtbl;
+
+    interface ISchemaLocalizerSupport
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct ISchemaLocalizerSupportVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define ISchemaLocalizerSupport_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define ISchemaLocalizerSupport_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define ISchemaLocalizerSupport_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define ISchemaLocalizerSupport_Localize(This,pszGlobalString,ppszLocalString)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Localize(This,pszGlobalString,ppszLocalString) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __ISchemaLocalizerSupport_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+#ifndef __IQueryParserManager_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+#define __IQueryParserManager_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* interface IQueryParserManager */
+/* [unique][object][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID IID_IQueryParserManager;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(CINTERFACE)
+    
+    MIDL_INTERFACE("A879E3C4-AF77-44fb-8F37-EBD1487CF920")
+    IQueryParserManager : public IUnknown
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE CreateLoadedParser( 
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszCatalog,
+            /* [in] */ LANGID langidForKeywords,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppQueryParser) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE InitializeOptions( 
+            /* [in] */ BOOL fUnderstandNQS,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL fAutoWildCard,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IQueryParser *pQueryParser) = 0;
+        
+        virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetOption( 
+            /* [in] */ QUERY_PARSER_MANAGER_OPTION option,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in const PROPVARIANT *pOptionValue) = 0;
+        
+    };
+    
+#else 	/* C style interface */
+
+    typedef struct IQueryParserManagerVtbl
+    {
+        BEGIN_INTERFACE
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *QueryInterface )( 
+            IQueryParserManager * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][out] */ 
+            __RPC__deref_out  void **ppvObject);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *AddRef )( 
+            IQueryParserManager * This);
+        
+        ULONG ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *Release )( 
+            IQueryParserManager * This);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *CreateLoadedParser )( 
+            IQueryParserManager * This,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in LPCWSTR pszCatalog,
+            /* [in] */ LANGID langidForKeywords,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
+            /* [iid_is][retval][out] */ __RPC__deref_out_opt void **ppQueryParser);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *InitializeOptions )( 
+            IQueryParserManager * This,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL fUnderstandNQS,
+            /* [in] */ BOOL fAutoWildCard,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in_opt IQueryParser *pQueryParser);
+        
+        HRESULT ( STDMETHODCALLTYPE *SetOption )( 
+            IQueryParserManager * This,
+            /* [in] */ QUERY_PARSER_MANAGER_OPTION option,
+            /* [in] */ __RPC__in const PROPVARIANT *pOptionValue);
+        
+        END_INTERFACE
+    } IQueryParserManagerVtbl;
+
+    interface IQueryParserManager
+    {
+        CONST_VTBL struct IQueryParserManagerVtbl *lpVtbl;
+    };
+
+    
+
+#ifdef COBJMACROS
+
+
+#define IQueryParserManager_QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> QueryInterface(This,riid,ppvObject) ) 
+
+#define IQueryParserManager_AddRef(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> AddRef(This) ) 
+
+#define IQueryParserManager_Release(This)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> Release(This) ) 
+
+
+#define IQueryParserManager_CreateLoadedParser(This,pszCatalog,langidForKeywords,riid,ppQueryParser)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> CreateLoadedParser(This,pszCatalog,langidForKeywords,riid,ppQueryParser) ) 
+
+#define IQueryParserManager_InitializeOptions(This,fUnderstandNQS,fAutoWildCard,pQueryParser)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> InitializeOptions(This,fUnderstandNQS,fAutoWildCard,pQueryParser) ) 
+
+#define IQueryParserManager_SetOption(This,option,pOptionValue)	\
+    ( (This)->lpVtbl -> SetOption(This,option,pOptionValue) ) 
+
+#endif /* COBJMACROS */
+
+
+#endif 	/* C style interface */
+
+
+
+
+#endif 	/* __IQueryParserManager_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */
+
+
+
+#ifndef __StructuredQuery1_LIBRARY_DEFINED__
+#define __StructuredQuery1_LIBRARY_DEFINED__
+
+/* library StructuredQuery1 */
+/* [version][uuid] */ 
+
+
+EXTERN_C const IID LIBID_StructuredQuery1;
+
+EXTERN_C const CLSID CLSID_QueryParser;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+
+class DECLSPEC_UUID("B72F8FD8-0FAB-4dd9-BDBF-245A6CE1485B")
+QueryParser;
+#endif
+
+EXTERN_C const CLSID CLSID_NegationCondition;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+
+class DECLSPEC_UUID("8DE9C74C-605A-4acd-BEE3-2B222AA2D23D")
+NegationCondition;
+#endif
+
+EXTERN_C const CLSID CLSID_CompoundCondition;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+
+class DECLSPEC_UUID("116F8D13-101E-4fa5-84D4-FF8279381935")
+CompoundCondition;
+#endif
+
+EXTERN_C const CLSID CLSID_LeafCondition;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+
+class DECLSPEC_UUID("52F15C89-5A17-48e1-BBCD-46A3F89C7CC2")
+LeafCondition;
+#endif
+
+EXTERN_C const CLSID CLSID_ConditionFactory;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+
+class DECLSPEC_UUID("E03E85B0-7BE3-4000-BA98-6C13DE9FA486")
+ConditionFactory;
+#endif
+
+EXTERN_C const CLSID CLSID_Interval;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+
+class DECLSPEC_UUID("D957171F-4BF9-4de2-BCD5-C70A7CA55836")
+Interval;
+#endif
+
+EXTERN_C const CLSID CLSID_QueryParserManager;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+
+class DECLSPEC_UUID("5088B39A-29B4-4d9d-8245-4EE289222F66")
+QueryParserManager;
+#endif
+#endif /* __StructuredQuery1_LIBRARY_DEFINED__ */
+
+/* Additional Prototypes for ALL interfaces */
+
+unsigned long             __RPC_USER  BSTR_UserSize(     unsigned long *, unsigned long            , BSTR * ); 
+unsigned char * __RPC_USER  BSTR_UserMarshal(  unsigned long *, unsigned char *, BSTR * ); 
+unsigned char * __RPC_USER  BSTR_UserUnmarshal(unsigned long *, unsigned char *, BSTR * ); 
+void                      __RPC_USER  BSTR_UserFree(     unsigned long *, BSTR * ); 
+
+unsigned long             __RPC_USER  LPSAFEARRAY_UserSize(     unsigned long *, unsigned long            , LPSAFEARRAY * ); 
+unsigned char * __RPC_USER  LPSAFEARRAY_UserMarshal(  unsigned long *, unsigned char *, LPSAFEARRAY * ); 
+unsigned char * __RPC_USER  LPSAFEARRAY_UserUnmarshal(unsigned long *, unsigned char *, LPSAFEARRAY * ); 
+void                      __RPC_USER  LPSAFEARRAY_UserFree(     unsigned long *, LPSAFEARRAY * ); 
+
+/* end of Additional Prototypes */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+
+
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/winapifamily.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/winapifamily.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..388d5f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/winapifamily.h
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/**
+ * This file is part of the mingw-w64 runtime package.
+ * No warranty is given; refer to the file DISCLAIMER within this package.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _INC_WINAPIFAMILY
+#define _INC_WINAPIFAMILY
+
+#define WINAPI_PARTITION_DESKTOP 0x1
+#define WINAPI_PARTITION_APP     0x2    
+
+#define WINAPI_FAMILY_APP WINAPI_PARTITION_APP
+#define WINAPI_FAMILY_DESKTOP_APP (WINAPI_PARTITION_DESKTOP \
+				   | WINAPI_PARTITION_APP)    
+
+/* WINAPI_FAMILY can be either desktop + App, or App.  */
+#ifndef WINAPI_FAMILY
+#define WINAPI_FAMILY WINAPI_FAMILY_DESKTOP_APP
+#endif
+
+#define WINAPI_FAMILY_PARTITION(v) ((WINAPI_FAMILY & v) == v)
+#define WINAPI_FAMILY_ONE_PARTITION(vset, v) ((WINAPI_FAMILY & vset) == v)
+
+#endif 
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/pa_win_wasapi.c b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/pa_win_wasapi.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16c4569
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/pa_win_wasapi.c
@@ -0,0 +1,6683 @@
+/*
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library WASAPI implementation
+ * Copyright (c) 2006-2010 David Viens
+ * Copyright (c) 2010-2022 Dmitry Kostjuchenko
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2019 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup hostapi_src
+ @brief WASAPI implementation of support for a host API.
+ @note pa_wasapi currently requires minimum VC 2005, and the latest Vista SDK
+*/
+
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <process.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+// Max device count (if defined) causes max constant device count in the device list that
+// enables PaWasapi_UpdateDeviceList() API and makes it possible to update WASAPI list dynamically
+#ifndef PA_WASAPI_MAX_CONST_DEVICE_COUNT
+    #define PA_WASAPI_MAX_CONST_DEVICE_COUNT 0 // Force basic behavior by defining 0 if not defined by user
+#endif
+
+// Fallback from Event to the Polling method in case if latency is higher than 21.33ms, as it allows to use
+// 100% of CPU inside the PA's callback.
+// Note: Some USB DAC drivers are buggy when Polling method is forced in Exclusive mode, audio output becomes
+//       unstable with a lot of interruptions, therefore this define is optional. The default behavior is to
+//       not change the Event mode to Polling and use the mode which user provided.
+//#define PA_WASAPI_FORCE_POLL_IF_LARGE_BUFFER
+
+//! Poll mode time slots logging.
+//#define PA_WASAPI_LOG_TIME_SLOTS
+
+// WinRT
+#if defined(WINAPI_FAMILY) && (WINAPI_FAMILY == WINAPI_FAMILY_APP)
+    #define PA_WINRT
+    #define INITGUID
+#endif
+
+// WASAPI
+// using adjustments for MinGW build from @mgeier/MXE
+// https://github.com/mxe/mxe/commit/f4bbc45682f021948bdaefd9fd476e2a04c4740f
+#include <mmreg.h>  // must be before other Wasapi headers
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1400) || defined(__MINGW64_VERSION_MAJOR)
+    #include <avrt.h>
+    #define COBJMACROS
+    #include <audioclient.h>
+    #include <endpointvolume.h>
+    #define INITGUID // Avoid additional linkage of static libs, excessive code will be optimized out by the compiler
+#ifndef _MSC_VER
+    #include <functiondiscoverykeys_devpkey.h>
+#endif
+    #include <functiondiscoverykeys.h>
+    #include <mmdeviceapi.h>
+    #include <devicetopology.h>    // Used to get IKsJackDescription interface
+    #undef INITGUID
+// Visual Studio 2010 does not support the inline keyword
+#if (_MSC_VER <= 1600)
+    #define inline _inline
+#endif
+#endif
+#ifndef __MWERKS__
+    #include <malloc.h>
+    #include <memory.h>
+#endif
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    #include <mmsystem.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "pa_util.h"
+#include "pa_allocation.h"
+#include "pa_hostapi.h"
+#include "pa_stream.h"
+#include "pa_cpuload.h"
+#include "pa_process.h"
+#include "pa_win_wasapi.h"
+#include "pa_debugprint.h"
+#include "pa_ringbuffer.h"
+#include "pa_win_coinitialize.h"
+
+#if !defined(NTDDI_VERSION) || (defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ <= 6) && !defined(__MINGW64__))
+
+    #undef WINVER
+    #undef _WIN32_WINNT
+    #define WINVER       0x0600 // VISTA
+    #define _WIN32_WINNT WINVER
+
+    #ifndef WINAPI
+        #define WINAPI __stdcall
+    #endif
+
+    #ifndef __unaligned
+        #define __unaligned
+    #endif
+
+    #ifndef __C89_NAMELESS
+        #define __C89_NAMELESS
+    #endif
+
+    #ifndef _AVRT_ //<< fix MinGW dummy compile by defining missing type: AVRT_PRIORITY
+        typedef enum _AVRT_PRIORITY
+        {
+            AVRT_PRIORITY_LOW = -1,
+            AVRT_PRIORITY_NORMAL,
+            AVRT_PRIORITY_HIGH,
+            AVRT_PRIORITY_CRITICAL
+        } AVRT_PRIORITY, *PAVRT_PRIORITY;
+    #endif
+
+    #include <basetyps.h> // << for IID/CLSID
+    #include <rpcsal.h>
+    #include <sal.h>
+
+    #ifndef __LPCGUID_DEFINED__
+        #define __LPCGUID_DEFINED__
+        typedef const GUID *LPCGUID;
+    #endif
+    typedef GUID IID;
+    typedef GUID CLSID;
+
+    #ifndef PROPERTYKEY_DEFINED
+        #define PROPERTYKEY_DEFINED
+        typedef struct _tagpropertykey
+        {
+            GUID fmtid;
+            DWORD pid;
+        }     PROPERTYKEY;
+    #endif
+
+    #ifdef __midl_proxy
+        #define __MIDL_CONST
+    #else
+        #define __MIDL_CONST const
+    #endif
+
+    #ifdef WIN64
+        #include <wtypes.h>
+        #define FASTCALL
+        #include <oleidl.h>
+        #include <objidl.h>
+    #else
+        #ifndef _BLOB_DEFINED
+            typedef struct _BYTE_BLOB
+            {
+                unsigned long clSize;
+                unsigned char abData[ 1 ];
+            }     BYTE_BLOB;
+            typedef /* [unique] */  __RPC_unique_pointer BYTE_BLOB *UP_BYTE_BLOB;
+        #endif
+        typedef LONGLONG REFERENCE_TIME;
+        #define NONAMELESSUNION
+    #endif
+
+    #ifndef NT_SUCCESS
+        typedef LONG NTSTATUS;
+    #endif
+
+    #ifndef WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT
+        #define WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT 0x0003 // 32-bit floating-point
+    #endif
+
+    #ifndef __MINGW_EXTENSION
+        #if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__GNUG__)
+            #define __MINGW_EXTENSION __extension__
+        #else
+            #define __MINGW_EXTENSION
+        #endif
+    #endif
+
+    #include <sdkddkver.h>
+    #include <propkeydef.h>
+    #define COBJMACROS
+    #define INITGUID // Avoid additional linkage of static libs, excessive code will be optimized out by the compiler
+    #include <audioclient.h>
+    #include <mmdeviceapi.h>
+    #include <endpointvolume.h>
+    #include <functiondiscoverykeys.h>
+    #include <devicetopology.h>    // Used to get IKsJackDescription interface
+    #undef INITGUID
+
+#endif // NTDDI_VERSION
+
+// Missing declarations for WinRT
+#ifdef PA_WINRT
+
+    #define DEVICE_STATE_ACTIVE 0x00000001
+
+    typedef enum _EDataFlow
+    {
+        eRender                 = 0,
+        eCapture                = ( eRender + 1 ) ,
+        eAll                    = ( eCapture + 1 ) ,
+        EDataFlow_enum_count    = ( eAll + 1 )
+    }
+    EDataFlow;
+
+    typedef enum _EndpointFormFactor
+    {
+        RemoteNetworkDevice       = 0,
+        Speakers                  = ( RemoteNetworkDevice + 1 ) ,
+        LineLevel                 = ( Speakers + 1 ) ,
+        Headphones                = ( LineLevel + 1 ) ,
+        Microphone                = ( Headphones + 1 ) ,
+        Headset                   = ( Microphone + 1 ) ,
+        Handset                   = ( Headset + 1 ) ,
+        UnknownDigitalPassthrough = ( Handset + 1 ) ,
+        SPDIF                     = ( UnknownDigitalPassthrough + 1 ) ,
+        HDMI                      = ( SPDIF + 1 ) ,
+        UnknownFormFactor         = ( HDMI + 1 )
+    }
+    EndpointFormFactor;
+
+#endif
+
+#ifndef GUID_SECT
+    #define GUID_SECT
+#endif
+
+#define __DEFINE_GUID(n,l,w1,w2,b1,b2,b3,b4,b5,b6,b7,b8) static const GUID n GUID_SECT = {l,w1,w2,{b1,b2,b3,b4,b5,b6,b7,b8}}
+#define __DEFINE_IID(n,l,w1,w2,b1,b2,b3,b4,b5,b6,b7,b8) static const IID n GUID_SECT = {l,w1,w2,{b1,b2,b3,b4,b5,b6,b7,b8}}
+#define __DEFINE_CLSID(n,l,w1,w2,b1,b2,b3,b4,b5,b6,b7,b8) static const CLSID n GUID_SECT = {l,w1,w2,{b1,b2,b3,b4,b5,b6,b7,b8}}
+#define PA_DEFINE_CLSID(className, l, w1, w2, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8) \
+    __DEFINE_CLSID(pa_CLSID_##className, 0x##l, 0x##w1, 0x##w2, 0x##b1, 0x##b2, 0x##b3, 0x##b4, 0x##b5, 0x##b6, 0x##b7, 0x##b8)
+#define PA_DEFINE_IID(interfaceName, l, w1, w2, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8) \
+    __DEFINE_IID(pa_IID_##interfaceName, 0x##l, 0x##w1, 0x##w2, 0x##b1, 0x##b2, 0x##b3, 0x##b4, 0x##b5, 0x##b6, 0x##b7, 0x##b8)
+
+// "1CB9AD4C-DBFA-4c32-B178-C2F568A703B2"
+PA_DEFINE_IID(IAudioClient,         1cb9ad4c, dbfa, 4c32, b1, 78, c2, f5, 68, a7, 03, b2);
+// "726778CD-F60A-4EDA-82DE-E47610CD78AA"
+PA_DEFINE_IID(IAudioClient2,        726778cd, f60a, 4eda, 82, de, e4, 76, 10, cd, 78, aa);
+// "7ED4EE07-8E67-4CD4-8C1A-2B7A5987AD42"
+PA_DEFINE_IID(IAudioClient3,        7ed4ee07, 8e67, 4cd4, 8c, 1a, 2b, 7a, 59, 87, ad, 42);
+// "1BE09788-6894-4089-8586-9A2A6C265AC5"
+PA_DEFINE_IID(IMMEndpoint,          1be09788, 6894, 4089, 85, 86, 9a, 2a, 6c, 26, 5a, c5);
+// "A95664D2-9614-4F35-A746-DE8DB63617E6"
+PA_DEFINE_IID(IMMDeviceEnumerator,  a95664d2, 9614, 4f35, a7, 46, de, 8d, b6, 36, 17, e6);
+// "BCDE0395-E52F-467C-8E3D-C4579291692E"
+PA_DEFINE_CLSID(IMMDeviceEnumerator,bcde0395, e52f, 467c, 8e, 3d, c4, 57, 92, 91, 69, 2e);
+// "F294ACFC-3146-4483-A7BF-ADDCA7C260E2"
+PA_DEFINE_IID(IAudioRenderClient,   f294acfc, 3146, 4483, a7, bf, ad, dc, a7, c2, 60, e2);
+// "C8ADBD64-E71E-48a0-A4DE-185C395CD317"
+PA_DEFINE_IID(IAudioCaptureClient,  c8adbd64, e71e, 48a0, a4, de, 18, 5c, 39, 5c, d3, 17);
+// *2A07407E-6497-4A18-9787-32F79BD0D98F*  Or this??
+PA_DEFINE_IID(IDeviceTopology,      2A07407E, 6497, 4A18, 97, 87, 32, f7, 9b, d0, d9, 8f);
+// *AE2DE0E4-5BCA-4F2D-AA46-5D13F8FDB3A9*
+PA_DEFINE_IID(IPart,                AE2DE0E4, 5BCA, 4F2D, aa, 46, 5d, 13, f8, fd, b3, a9);
+// *4509F757-2D46-4637-8E62-CE7DB944F57B*
+PA_DEFINE_IID(IKsJackDescription,   4509F757, 2D46, 4637, 8e, 62, ce, 7d, b9, 44, f5, 7b);
+
+// Media formats:
+__DEFINE_GUID(pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM,        0x00000001, 0x0000, 0x0010, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0xaa, 0x00, 0x38, 0x9b, 0x71 );
+__DEFINE_GUID(pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_ADPCM,      0x00000002, 0x0000, 0x0010, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0xaa, 0x00, 0x38, 0x9b, 0x71 );
+__DEFINE_GUID(pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT, 0x00000003, 0x0000, 0x0010, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0xaa, 0x00, 0x38, 0x9b, 0x71 );
+
+#ifdef __IAudioClient2_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+typedef enum _pa_AUDCLNT_STREAMOPTIONS {
+    pa_AUDCLNT_STREAMOPTIONS_NONE          = 0x00,
+    pa_AUDCLNT_STREAMOPTIONS_RAW           = 0x01,
+    pa_AUDCLNT_STREAMOPTIONS_MATCH_FORMAT  = 0x02
+} pa_AUDCLNT_STREAMOPTIONS;
+typedef struct _pa_AudioClientProperties {
+    UINT32                   cbSize;
+    BOOL                     bIsOffload;
+    AUDIO_STREAM_CATEGORY    eCategory;
+    pa_AUDCLNT_STREAMOPTIONS Options;
+} pa_AudioClientProperties;
+#define PA_AUDIOCLIENTPROPERTIES_SIZE_CATEGORY (sizeof(pa_AudioClientProperties) - sizeof(pa_AUDCLNT_STREAMOPTIONS))
+#define PA_AUDIOCLIENTPROPERTIES_SIZE_OPTIONS   sizeof(pa_AudioClientProperties)
+#endif // __IAudioClient2_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+
+/* use CreateThread for CYGWIN/Windows Mobile, _beginthreadex for all others */
+#if !defined(__CYGWIN__) && !defined(_WIN32_WCE)
+    #define CREATE_THREAD(PROC) (HANDLE)_beginthreadex( NULL, 0, (PROC), stream, 0, &stream->dwThreadId )
+    #define PA_THREAD_FUNC static unsigned WINAPI
+    #define PA_THREAD_ID unsigned
+#else
+    #define CREATE_THREAD(PROC) CreateThread( NULL, 0, (PROC), stream, 0, &stream->dwThreadId )
+    #define PA_THREAD_FUNC static DWORD WINAPI
+    #define PA_THREAD_ID DWORD
+#endif
+
+// Thread function forward decl.
+PA_THREAD_FUNC ProcThreadEvent(void *param);
+PA_THREAD_FUNC ProcThreadPoll(void *param);
+
+// Error codes (available since Windows 7)
+#ifndef AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_ERROR
+    #define AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_ERROR AUDCLNT_ERR(0x018)
+#endif
+#ifndef AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_SIZE_NOT_ALIGNED
+    #define AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_SIZE_NOT_ALIGNED AUDCLNT_ERR(0x019)
+#endif
+#ifndef AUDCLNT_E_INVALID_DEVICE_PERIOD
+    #define AUDCLNT_E_INVALID_DEVICE_PERIOD AUDCLNT_ERR(0x020)
+#endif
+
+// Stream flags (available since Windows 7)
+#ifndef AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_SRC_DEFAULT_QUALITY
+    #define AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_SRC_DEFAULT_QUALITY 0x08000000
+#endif
+#ifndef AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_AUTOCONVERTPCM
+    #define AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_AUTOCONVERTPCM 0x80000000
+#endif
+
+#define PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_ID_LEN   256
+#define PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_NAME_LEN 128
+#ifdef PA_WINRT
+    #define PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_MAX_COUNT 16
+#endif
+
+enum { S_INPUT = 0, S_OUTPUT = 1, S_COUNT = 2, S_FULLDUPLEX = 0 };
+
+// Number of packets which compose single contignous buffer. With trial and error it was calculated
+// that WASAPI Input sub-system uses 6 packets per whole buffer. Please provide more information
+// or corrections if available.
+enum { WASAPI_PACKETS_PER_INPUT_BUFFER = 6 };
+
+#define STATIC_ARRAY_SIZE(array) (sizeof(array)/sizeof(array[0]))
+
+#define PRINT(x) PA_DEBUG(x);
+
+#define PA_SKELETON_SET_LAST_HOST_ERROR( errorCode, errorText ) \
+    PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( paWASAPI, errorCode, errorText )
+
+#define PA_WASAPI__IS_FULLDUPLEX(STREAM) ((STREAM)->in.clientProc && (STREAM)->out.clientProc)
+
+#ifndef IF_FAILED_JUMP
+#define IF_FAILED_JUMP(hr, label) if(FAILED(hr)) goto label;
+#endif
+
+#ifndef IF_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR_JUMP
+#define IF_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR_JUMP(hr, error, label) if(FAILED(hr)) { error = paInternalError; goto label; }
+#endif
+
+#define SAFE_CLOSE(h) if ((h) != NULL) { CloseHandle((h)); (h) = NULL; }
+#define SAFE_RELEASE(punk) if ((punk) != NULL) { (punk)->lpVtbl->Release((punk)); (punk) = NULL; }
+#define SAFE_ADDREF(punk) if ((punk) != NULL) { (punk)->lpVtbl->AddRef((punk)); }
+
+// Mixer function
+typedef void (*MixMonoToStereoF) (void *__to, const void *__from, UINT32 count);
+
+// AVRT is the new "multimedia scheduling stuff"
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+typedef BOOL   (WINAPI *FAvRtCreateThreadOrderingGroup)  (PHANDLE,PLARGE_INTEGER,GUID*,PLARGE_INTEGER);
+typedef BOOL   (WINAPI *FAvRtDeleteThreadOrderingGroup)  (HANDLE);
+typedef BOOL   (WINAPI *FAvRtWaitOnThreadOrderingGroup)  (HANDLE);
+typedef HANDLE (WINAPI *FAvSetMmThreadCharacteristics)   (LPCSTR,LPDWORD);
+typedef BOOL   (WINAPI *FAvRevertMmThreadCharacteristics)(HANDLE);
+typedef BOOL   (WINAPI *FAvSetMmThreadPriority)          (HANDLE,AVRT_PRIORITY);
+static HMODULE hDInputDLL = 0;
+FAvRtCreateThreadOrderingGroup   pAvRtCreateThreadOrderingGroup = NULL;
+FAvRtDeleteThreadOrderingGroup   pAvRtDeleteThreadOrderingGroup = NULL;
+FAvRtWaitOnThreadOrderingGroup   pAvRtWaitOnThreadOrderingGroup = NULL;
+FAvSetMmThreadCharacteristics    pAvSetMmThreadCharacteristics = NULL;
+FAvRevertMmThreadCharacteristics pAvRevertMmThreadCharacteristics = NULL;
+FAvSetMmThreadPriority           pAvSetMmThreadPriority = NULL;
+#endif
+
+#define _GetProc(fun, type, name)  {                                                        \
+                                        fun = (type) GetProcAddress(hDInputDLL,name);       \
+                                        if (fun == NULL) {                                  \
+                                            PRINT(("GetProcAddr failed for %s" ,name));     \
+                                            return FALSE;                                   \
+                                        }                                                   \
+                                    }                                                       \
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/* prototypes for functions declared in this file */
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+PaError PaWasapi_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+// dummy entry point for other compilers and sdks
+// currently built using RC1 SDK (5600)
+//#if _MSC_VER < 1400
+//PaError PaWasapi_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex hostApiIndex )
+//{
+    //return paNoError;
+//}
+//#else
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static void Terminate( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi );
+static PaError IsFormatSupported( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                  double sampleRate );
+static PaError OpenStream( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                           PaStream** s,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                           double sampleRate,
+                           unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                           PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                           PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                           void *userData );
+static PaError CloseStream( PaStream* stream );
+static PaError StartStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError StopStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError AbortStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError IsStreamStopped( PaStream *s );
+static PaError IsStreamActive( PaStream *stream );
+static PaTime GetStreamTime( PaStream *stream );
+static double GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream* stream );
+static PaError ReadStream( PaStream* stream, void *buffer, unsigned long frames );
+static PaError WriteStream( PaStream* stream, const void *buffer, unsigned long frames );
+static signed long GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream* stream );
+static signed long GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream* stream );
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/*
+ These are fields that can be gathered from IDevice and IAudioDevice PRIOR to Initialize, and
+ done in first pass i assume that neither of these will cause the Driver to "load", but again,
+ who knows how they implement their stuff
+ */
+typedef struct PaWasapiDeviceInfo
+{
+    // Device
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    IMMDevice *device;
+#endif
+
+    // device Id
+    WCHAR deviceId[PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_ID_LEN];
+
+    // from GetState
+    DWORD state;
+
+    // Fields filled from IAudioDevice (_prior_ to Initialize)
+    // from GetDevicePeriod(
+    REFERENCE_TIME DefaultDevicePeriod;
+    REFERENCE_TIME MinimumDevicePeriod;
+
+    // Default format (setup through Control Panel by user)
+    WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE DefaultFormat;
+
+    // Mix format (internal format used by WASAPI audio engine)
+    WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE MixFormat;
+
+    // Fields filled from IMMEndpoint'sGetDataFlow
+    EDataFlow flow;
+
+    // Form-factor
+    EndpointFormFactor formFactor;
+
+	// Loopback state (TRUE if device acts as loopback)
+	BOOL loopBack;
+}
+PaWasapiDeviceInfo;
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/* PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation - host api datastructure specific to this implementation */
+typedef struct PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation
+{
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation inheritedHostApiRep;
+    PaUtilStreamInterface       callbackStreamInterface;
+    PaUtilStreamInterface       blockingStreamInterface;
+
+    PaUtilAllocationGroup      *allocations;
+
+    /* implementation specific data goes here */
+
+    PaWinUtilComInitializationResult comInitializationResult;
+
+    // this is the REAL number of devices, whether they are useful to PA or not!
+    UINT32 deviceCount;
+
+    PaWasapiDeviceInfo *devInfo;
+
+    // is TRUE when WOW64 Vista/7 Workaround is needed
+    BOOL useWOW64Workaround;
+}
+PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation;
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/* PaWasapiAudioClientParams - audio client parameters */
+typedef struct PaWasapiAudioClientParams
+{
+    PaWasapiDeviceInfo *device_info;
+    PaStreamParameters  stream_params;
+    PaWasapiStreamInfo  wasapi_params;
+    UINT32              frames_per_buffer;
+    double              sample_rate;
+    BOOL                blocking;
+    BOOL                full_duplex;
+    BOOL                wow64_workaround;
+}
+PaWasapiAudioClientParams;
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/* PaWasapiStream - a stream data structure specifically for this implementation */
+typedef struct PaWasapiSubStream
+{
+    IAudioClient        *clientParent;
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    IStream             *clientStream;
+#endif
+    IAudioClient        *clientProc;
+
+    WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE wavex;
+    UINT32               bufferSize;
+    REFERENCE_TIME       deviceLatency;
+    REFERENCE_TIME       period;
+    double               latencySeconds;
+    UINT32               framesPerHostCallback;
+    AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE    shareMode;
+    UINT32               streamFlags; // AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK, ...
+    UINT32               flags;
+    PaWasapiAudioClientParams params; //!< parameters
+
+    // Buffers
+    UINT32               buffers;            //!< number of buffers used (from host side)
+    UINT32               framesPerBuffer;    //!< number of frames per 1 buffer
+    BOOL                 userBufferAndHostMatch;
+
+    // Used for Mono >> Stereo workaround, if driver does not support it
+    // (in Exclusive mode WASAPI usually refuses to operate with Mono (1-ch)
+    void                *monoBuffer;     //!< pointer to buffer
+    UINT32               monoBufferSize; //!< buffer size in bytes
+    MixMonoToStereoF     monoMixer;         //!< pointer to mixer function
+
+    PaUtilRingBuffer    *tailBuffer;       //!< buffer with trailing sample for blocking mode operations (only for Input)
+    void                *tailBufferMemory; //!< tail buffer memory region
+}
+PaWasapiSubStream;
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/* PaWasapiHostProcessor - redirects processing data */
+typedef struct PaWasapiHostProcessor
+{
+    PaWasapiHostProcessorCallback processor;
+    void *userData;
+}
+PaWasapiHostProcessor;
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+typedef struct PaWasapiStream
+{
+    PaUtilStreamRepresentation streamRepresentation;
+    PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer      cpuLoadMeasurer;
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor      bufferProcessor;
+
+    // input
+    PaWasapiSubStream          in;
+    IAudioCaptureClient       *captureClientParent;
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    IStream                   *captureClientStream;
+#endif
+    IAudioCaptureClient       *captureClient;
+    IAudioEndpointVolume      *inVol;
+
+    // output
+    PaWasapiSubStream          out;
+    IAudioRenderClient        *renderClientParent;
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    IStream                   *renderClientStream;
+#endif
+    IAudioRenderClient        *renderClient;
+    IAudioEndpointVolume      *outVol;
+
+    // Event handles for event-driven processing mode
+    HANDLE event[S_COUNT];
+
+    // Buffer mode
+    PaUtilHostBufferSizeMode bufferMode;
+
+    // Stream state: active (can be reset inside the processing thread,
+    // to avoid reading incorrected cached state)
+    volatile BOOL isActive;
+
+    // Stream state: stopped (triggered by user only via external API)
+    BOOL isStopped;
+
+    PA_THREAD_ID dwThreadId;
+    HANDLE hThread;
+    HANDLE hCloseRequest;
+    HANDLE hThreadStart;        // signalled by thread on start
+    HANDLE hThreadExit;         // signalled by thread on exit
+    HANDLE hBlockingOpStreamRD;
+    HANDLE hBlockingOpStreamWR;
+
+    // Host callback Output overrider
+    PaWasapiHostProcessor hostProcessOverrideOutput;
+
+    // Host callback Input overrider
+    PaWasapiHostProcessor hostProcessOverrideInput;
+
+    // Defines blocking/callback interface used
+    BOOL isBlocking;
+
+    // Av Task (MM thread management)
+    HANDLE hAvTask;
+
+    // Thread priority level
+    PaWasapiThreadPriority nThreadPriority;
+
+    // State handler
+    PaWasapiStreamStateCallback fnStateHandler;
+    void *pStateHandlerUserData;
+}
+PaWasapiStream;
+
+// COM marshaling
+static HRESULT MarshalSubStreamComPointers(PaWasapiSubStream *substream);
+static HRESULT MarshalStreamComPointers(PaWasapiStream *stream);
+static HRESULT UnmarshalSubStreamComPointers(PaWasapiSubStream *substream);
+static HRESULT UnmarshalStreamComPointers(PaWasapiStream *stream);
+static void ReleaseUnmarshaledSubComPointers(PaWasapiSubStream *substream);
+static void ReleaseUnmarshaledComPointers(PaWasapiStream *stream);
+
+// Local methods
+static void _StreamOnStop(PaWasapiStream *stream);
+static void _StreamCleanup(PaWasapiStream *stream);
+static HRESULT _PollGetOutputFramesAvailable(PaWasapiStream *stream, UINT32 *available);
+static HRESULT _PollGetInputFramesAvailable(PaWasapiStream *stream, UINT32 *available);
+static void *PaWasapi_ReallocateMemory(void *prev, size_t size);
+static void PaWasapi_FreeMemory(void *ptr);
+static PaSampleFormat WaveToPaFormat(const WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE *fmtext);
+
+// WinRT (UWP) device list
+#ifdef PA_WINRT
+typedef struct PaWasapiWinrtDeviceInfo
+{
+    WCHAR              id[PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_ID_LEN];
+    WCHAR              name[PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_NAME_LEN];
+    EndpointFormFactor formFactor;
+}
+PaWasapiWinrtDeviceInfo;
+typedef struct PaWasapiWinrtDeviceListRole
+{
+    WCHAR                   defaultId[PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_ID_LEN];
+    PaWasapiWinrtDeviceInfo devices[PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_MAX_COUNT];
+    UINT32                  deviceCount;
+}
+PaWasapiWinrtDeviceListRole;
+typedef struct PaWasapiWinrtDeviceList
+{
+    PaWasapiWinrtDeviceListRole render;
+    PaWasapiWinrtDeviceListRole capture;
+}
+PaWasapiWinrtDeviceList;
+static PaWasapiWinrtDeviceList g_DeviceListInfo = { 0 };
+#endif
+
+// WinRT (UWP) device list context
+#ifdef PA_WINRT
+typedef struct PaWasapiWinrtDeviceListContextEntry
+{
+    PaWasapiWinrtDeviceInfo *info;
+    EDataFlow                flow;
+}
+PaWasapiWinrtDeviceListContextEntry;
+typedef struct PaWasapiWinrtDeviceListContext
+{
+    PaWasapiWinrtDeviceListContextEntry devices[PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_MAX_COUNT * 2];
+}
+PaWasapiWinrtDeviceListContext;
+#endif
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#define LogHostError(HRES) __LogHostError(HRES, __FUNCTION__, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+static HRESULT __LogHostError(const HRESULT res, const char *func, const char *file, int line)
+{
+    const char *text = NULL;
+    switch (res)
+    {
+    case S_OK: return res;
+    case E_POINTER                              :text ="E_POINTER"; break;
+    case E_INVALIDARG                           :text ="E_INVALIDARG"; break;
+
+    case AUDCLNT_E_NOT_INITIALIZED              :text ="AUDCLNT_E_NOT_INITIALIZED"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_ALREADY_INITIALIZED          :text ="AUDCLNT_E_ALREADY_INITIALIZED"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_WRONG_ENDPOINT_TYPE          :text ="AUDCLNT_E_WRONG_ENDPOINT_TYPE"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_DEVICE_INVALIDATED           :text ="AUDCLNT_E_DEVICE_INVALIDATED"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_NOT_STOPPED                  :text ="AUDCLNT_E_NOT_STOPPED"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_TOO_LARGE             :text ="AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_TOO_LARGE"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_OUT_OF_ORDER                 :text ="AUDCLNT_E_OUT_OF_ORDER"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_UNSUPPORTED_FORMAT           :text ="AUDCLNT_E_UNSUPPORTED_FORMAT"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_INVALID_SIZE                 :text ="AUDCLNT_E_INVALID_SIZE"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_DEVICE_IN_USE                :text ="AUDCLNT_E_DEVICE_IN_USE"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_OPERATION_PENDING     :text ="AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_OPERATION_PENDING"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_THREAD_NOT_REGISTERED        :text ="AUDCLNT_E_THREAD_NOT_REGISTERED"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_EXCLUSIVE_MODE_NOT_ALLOWED   :text ="AUDCLNT_E_EXCLUSIVE_MODE_NOT_ALLOWED"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_ENDPOINT_CREATE_FAILED       :text ="AUDCLNT_E_ENDPOINT_CREATE_FAILED"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_SERVICE_NOT_RUNNING          :text ="AUDCLNT_E_SERVICE_NOT_RUNNING"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_EVENTHANDLE_NOT_EXPECTED     :text ="AUDCLNT_E_EVENTHANDLE_NOT_EXPECTED"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_EXCLUSIVE_MODE_ONLY          :text ="AUDCLNT_E_EXCLUSIVE_MODE_ONLY"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_BUFDURATION_PERIOD_NOT_EQUAL :text ="AUDCLNT_E_BUFDURATION_PERIOD_NOT_EQUAL"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_EVENTHANDLE_NOT_SET          :text ="AUDCLNT_E_EVENTHANDLE_NOT_SET"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_INCORRECT_BUFFER_SIZE        :text ="AUDCLNT_E_INCORRECT_BUFFER_SIZE"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_SIZE_ERROR            :text ="AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_SIZE_ERROR"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_CPUUSAGE_EXCEEDED            :text ="AUDCLNT_E_CPUUSAGE_EXCEEDED"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_ERROR                 :text ="AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_ERROR"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_SIZE_NOT_ALIGNED      :text ="AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_SIZE_NOT_ALIGNED"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_E_INVALID_DEVICE_PERIOD        :text ="AUDCLNT_E_INVALID_DEVICE_PERIOD"; break;
+
+#ifdef AUDCLNT_E_INVALID_STREAM_FLAG
+    case AUDCLNT_E_INVALID_STREAM_FLAG          :text ="AUDCLNT_E_INVALID_STREAM_FLAG"; break;
+#endif
+#ifdef AUDCLNT_E_ENDPOINT_OFFLOAD_NOT_CAPABLE
+    case AUDCLNT_E_ENDPOINT_OFFLOAD_NOT_CAPABLE :text ="AUDCLNT_E_ENDPOINT_OFFLOAD_NOT_CAPABLE"; break;
+#endif
+#ifdef AUDCLNT_E_OUT_OF_OFFLOAD_RESOURCES
+    case AUDCLNT_E_OUT_OF_OFFLOAD_RESOURCES     :text ="AUDCLNT_E_OUT_OF_OFFLOAD_RESOURCES"; break;
+#endif
+#ifdef AUDCLNT_E_OFFLOAD_MODE_ONLY
+    case AUDCLNT_E_OFFLOAD_MODE_ONLY            :text ="AUDCLNT_E_OFFLOAD_MODE_ONLY"; break;
+#endif
+#ifdef AUDCLNT_E_NONOFFLOAD_MODE_ONLY
+    case AUDCLNT_E_NONOFFLOAD_MODE_ONLY         :text ="AUDCLNT_E_NONOFFLOAD_MODE_ONLY"; break;
+#endif
+#ifdef AUDCLNT_E_RESOURCES_INVALIDATED
+    case AUDCLNT_E_RESOURCES_INVALIDATED        :text ="AUDCLNT_E_RESOURCES_INVALIDATED"; break;
+#endif
+#ifdef AUDCLNT_E_RAW_MODE_UNSUPPORTED
+    case AUDCLNT_E_RAW_MODE_UNSUPPORTED         :text ="AUDCLNT_E_RAW_MODE_UNSUPPORTED"; break;
+#endif
+#ifdef AUDCLNT_E_ENGINE_PERIODICITY_LOCKED
+    case AUDCLNT_E_ENGINE_PERIODICITY_LOCKED    :text ="AUDCLNT_E_ENGINE_PERIODICITY_LOCKED"; break;
+#endif
+#ifdef AUDCLNT_E_ENGINE_FORMAT_LOCKED
+    case AUDCLNT_E_ENGINE_FORMAT_LOCKED         :text ="AUDCLNT_E_ENGINE_FORMAT_LOCKED"; break;
+#endif
+
+    case AUDCLNT_S_BUFFER_EMPTY                 :text ="AUDCLNT_S_BUFFER_EMPTY"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_S_THREAD_ALREADY_REGISTERED    :text ="AUDCLNT_S_THREAD_ALREADY_REGISTERED"; break;
+    case AUDCLNT_S_POSITION_STALLED             :text ="AUDCLNT_S_POSITION_STALLED"; break;
+
+    // other windows common errors:
+    case CO_E_NOTINITIALIZED                    :text ="CO_E_NOTINITIALIZED: you must call CoInitialize() before Pa_OpenStream()"; break;
+
+    default:
+        text = "UNKNOWN ERROR";
+    }
+    PRINT(("WASAPI ERROR HRESULT: 0x%X : %s\n [FUNCTION: %s FILE: %s {LINE: %d}]\n", res, text, func, file, line));
+#ifndef PA_ENABLE_DEBUG_OUTPUT
+    (void)func; (void)file; (void)line;
+#endif
+    PA_SKELETON_SET_LAST_HOST_ERROR(res, text);
+    return res;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#define LogPaError(PAERR) __LogPaError(PAERR, __FUNCTION__, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+static PaError __LogPaError(PaError err, const char *func, const char *file, int line)
+{
+    if (err == paNoError)
+        return err;
+
+    PRINT(("WASAPI ERROR PAERROR: %i : %s\n [FUNCTION: %s FILE: %s {LINE: %d}]\n", err, Pa_GetErrorText(err), func, file, line));
+#ifndef PA_ENABLE_DEBUG_OUTPUT
+    (void)func; (void)file; (void)line;
+#endif
+    return err;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/*! \class ThreadSleepScheduler
+           Allows to emulate thread sleep of less than 1 millisecond under Windows. Scheduler
+           calculates number of times the thread must run until next sleep of 1 millisecond.
+           It does not make thread sleeping for real number of microseconds but rather controls
+           how many of imaginary microseconds the thread task can allow thread to sleep.
+*/
+typedef struct ThreadIdleScheduler
+{
+    UINT32 m_idle_microseconds; //!< number of microseconds to sleep
+    UINT32 m_next_sleep;        //!< next sleep round
+    UINT32 m_i;                    //!< current round iterator position
+    UINT32 m_resolution;        //!< resolution in number of milliseconds
+}
+ThreadIdleScheduler;
+
+//! Setup scheduler.
+static void ThreadIdleScheduler_Setup(ThreadIdleScheduler *sched, UINT32 resolution, UINT32 microseconds)
+{
+    assert(microseconds != 0);
+    assert(resolution != 0);
+    assert((resolution * 1000) >= microseconds);
+
+    memset(sched, 0, sizeof(*sched));
+
+    sched->m_idle_microseconds = microseconds;
+    sched->m_resolution        = resolution;
+    sched->m_next_sleep        = (resolution * 1000) / microseconds;
+}
+
+//! Iterate and check if can sleep.
+static inline UINT32 ThreadIdleScheduler_NextSleep(ThreadIdleScheduler *sched)
+{
+    // advance and check if thread can sleep
+    if (++sched->m_i == sched->m_next_sleep)
+    {
+        sched->m_i = 0;
+        return sched->m_resolution;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+typedef struct _SystemTimer
+{
+    INT32 granularity;
+
+} SystemTimer;
+static LARGE_INTEGER g_SystemTimerFrequency;
+static BOOL          g_SystemTimerUseQpc = FALSE;
+
+//! Set granularity of the system timer.
+static BOOL SystemTimer_SetGranularity(SystemTimer *timer, UINT32 granularity)
+{
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    TIMECAPS caps;
+
+    timer->granularity = granularity;
+
+    if (timeGetDevCaps(&caps, sizeof(caps)) == MMSYSERR_NOERROR)
+    {
+        if (timer->granularity < (INT32)caps.wPeriodMin)
+            timer->granularity = (INT32)caps.wPeriodMin;
+    }
+
+    if (timeBeginPeriod(timer->granularity) != TIMERR_NOERROR)
+    {
+        PRINT(("SetSystemTimer: timeBeginPeriod(1) failed!\n"));
+
+        timer->granularity = 10;
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+#else
+    (void)granularity;
+
+    // UWP does not support increase of the timer precision change and thus calling WaitForSingleObject with anything
+    // below 10 milliseconds will cause underruns for input and output stream.
+    timer->granularity = 10;
+#endif
+
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+//! Restore granularity of the system timer.
+static void SystemTimer_RestoreGranularity(SystemTimer *timer)
+{
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    if (timer->granularity != 0)
+    {
+        if (timeEndPeriod(timer->granularity) != TIMERR_NOERROR)
+        {
+            PRINT(("RestoreSystemTimer: timeEndPeriod(1) failed!\n"));
+        }
+    }
+#else
+    (void)timer;
+#endif
+}
+
+//! Initialize high-resolution time getter.
+static void SystemTimer_InitializeTimeGetter()
+{
+    g_SystemTimerUseQpc = QueryPerformanceFrequency(&g_SystemTimerFrequency);
+}
+
+//! Get high-resolution time in milliseconds (using QPC by default).
+static inline LONGLONG SystemTimer_GetTime(SystemTimer *timer)
+{
+    (void)timer;
+
+    // QPC: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/sysinfo/acquiring-high-resolution-time-stamps
+    if (g_SystemTimerUseQpc)
+    {
+        LARGE_INTEGER now;
+        QueryPerformanceCounter(&now);
+        return (now.QuadPart * 1000LL) / g_SystemTimerFrequency.QuadPart;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+    #ifdef PA_WINRT
+        return GetTickCount64();
+    #else
+        return timeGetTime();
+    #endif
+    }
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/*static double nano100ToMillis(REFERENCE_TIME ref)
+{
+    //  1 nano = 0.000000001 seconds
+    //100 nano = 0.0000001   seconds
+    //100 nano = 0.0001   milliseconds
+    return ((double)ref) * 0.0001;
+}*/
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static double nano100ToSeconds(REFERENCE_TIME ref)
+{
+    //  1 nano = 0.000000001 seconds
+    //100 nano = 0.0000001   seconds
+    //100 nano = 0.0001   milliseconds
+    return ((double)ref) * 0.0000001;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/*static REFERENCE_TIME MillisTonano100(double ref)
+{
+    //  1 nano = 0.000000001 seconds
+    //100 nano = 0.0000001   seconds
+    //100 nano = 0.0001   milliseconds
+    return (REFERENCE_TIME)(ref / 0.0001);
+}*/
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static REFERENCE_TIME SecondsTonano100(double ref)
+{
+    //  1 nano = 0.000000001 seconds
+    //100 nano = 0.0000001   seconds
+    //100 nano = 0.0001   milliseconds
+    return (REFERENCE_TIME)(ref / 0.0000001);
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Makes Hns period from frames and sample rate
+static REFERENCE_TIME MakeHnsPeriod(UINT32 nFrames, DWORD nSamplesPerSec)
+{
+    return (REFERENCE_TIME)((10000.0 * 1000 / nSamplesPerSec * nFrames) + 0.5);
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Converts PaSampleFormat to bits per sample value
+// Note: paCustomFormat stands for 8.24 format (24-bits inside 32-bit containers)
+static WORD PaSampleFormatToBitsPerSample(PaSampleFormat format_id)
+{
+    switch (format_id & ~paNonInterleaved)
+    {
+        case paFloat32:
+        case paInt32: return 32;
+        case paCustomFormat:
+        case paInt24: return 24;
+        case paInt16: return 16;
+        case paInt8:
+        case paUInt8: return 8;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Convert PaSampleFormat to valid sample format for I/O, e.g. if paCustomFormat is specified
+// it will be converted to paInt32, other formats pass through
+// Note: paCustomFormat stands for 8.24 format (24-bits inside 32-bit containers)
+static PaSampleFormat GetSampleFormatForIO(PaSampleFormat format_id)
+{
+    return ((format_id & ~paNonInterleaved) == paCustomFormat ?
+        (paInt32 | (format_id & paNonInterleaved ? paNonInterleaved : 0)) : format_id);
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Converts Hns period into number of frames
+static UINT32 MakeFramesFromHns(REFERENCE_TIME hnsPeriod, UINT32 nSamplesPerSec)
+{
+    UINT32 nFrames = (UINT32)(    // frames =
+        1.0 * hnsPeriod *        // hns *
+        nSamplesPerSec /        // (frames / s) /
+        1000 /                    // (ms / s) /
+        10000                    // (hns / s) /
+        + 0.5                    // rounding
+    );
+    return nFrames;
+}
+
+// Aligning function type
+typedef UINT32 (*ALIGN_FUNC) (UINT32 v, UINT32 align);
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Aligns 'v' backwards
+static UINT32 ALIGN_BWD(UINT32 v, UINT32 align)
+{
+    return ((v - (align ? v % align : 0)));
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Aligns 'v' forward
+static UINT32 ALIGN_FWD(UINT32 v, UINT32 align)
+{
+    UINT32 remainder = (align ? (v % align) : 0);
+    if (remainder == 0)
+        return v;
+    return v + (align - remainder);
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Get next value power of 2
+static UINT32 ALIGN_NEXT_POW2(UINT32 v)
+{
+    UINT32 v2 = 1;
+    while (v > (v2 <<= 1)) { }
+    v = v2;
+    return v;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Aligns WASAPI buffer to 128 byte packet boundary. HD Audio will fail to play if buffer
+// is misaligned. This problem was solved in Windows 7 were AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_SIZE_NOT_ALIGNED
+// is thrown although we must align for Vista anyway.
+static UINT32 AlignFramesPerBuffer(UINT32 nFrames, UINT32 nBlockAlign, ALIGN_FUNC pAlignFunc)
+{
+#define HDA_PACKET_SIZE (128)
+
+    UINT32 bytes = nFrames * nBlockAlign;
+    UINT32 packets;
+
+    // align to a HD Audio packet size
+    bytes = pAlignFunc(bytes, HDA_PACKET_SIZE);
+
+    // atlest 1 frame must be available
+    if (bytes < HDA_PACKET_SIZE)
+        bytes = HDA_PACKET_SIZE;
+
+    packets = bytes / HDA_PACKET_SIZE;
+    bytes   = packets * HDA_PACKET_SIZE;
+    nFrames = bytes / nBlockAlign;
+
+    // WASAPI frames are always aligned to at least 8
+    nFrames = ALIGN_FWD(nFrames, 8);
+
+    return nFrames;
+
+#undef HDA_PACKET_SIZE
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static UINT32 GetFramesSleepTime(REFERENCE_TIME nFrames, REFERENCE_TIME nSamplesPerSec)
+{
+    REFERENCE_TIME nDuration;
+    if (nSamplesPerSec == 0)
+        return 0;
+
+#define REFTIMES_PER_SEC       10000000LL
+#define REFTIMES_PER_MILLISEC  10000LL
+
+    // Calculate the actual duration of the allocated buffer.
+    nDuration = (REFTIMES_PER_SEC * nFrames) / nSamplesPerSec;
+    return (UINT32)(nDuration / REFTIMES_PER_MILLISEC);
+
+#undef REFTIMES_PER_SEC
+#undef REFTIMES_PER_MILLISEC
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static UINT32 GetFramesSleepTimeMicroseconds(REFERENCE_TIME nFrames, REFERENCE_TIME nSamplesPerSec)
+{
+    REFERENCE_TIME nDuration;
+    if (nSamplesPerSec == 0)
+        return 0;
+
+#define REFTIMES_PER_SEC       10000000LL
+#define REFTIMES_PER_MILLISEC  10000LL
+
+    // Calculate the actual duration of the allocated buffer.
+    nDuration = (REFTIMES_PER_SEC * nFrames) / nSamplesPerSec;
+    return (UINT32)(nDuration / 10);
+
+#undef REFTIMES_PER_SEC
+#undef REFTIMES_PER_MILLISEC
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+static BOOL SetupAVRT()
+{
+    hDInputDLL = LoadLibraryA("avrt.dll");
+    if (hDInputDLL == NULL)
+        return FALSE;
+
+    _GetProc(pAvRtCreateThreadOrderingGroup,  FAvRtCreateThreadOrderingGroup,  "AvRtCreateThreadOrderingGroup");
+    _GetProc(pAvRtDeleteThreadOrderingGroup,  FAvRtDeleteThreadOrderingGroup,  "AvRtDeleteThreadOrderingGroup");
+    _GetProc(pAvRtWaitOnThreadOrderingGroup,  FAvRtWaitOnThreadOrderingGroup,  "AvRtWaitOnThreadOrderingGroup");
+    _GetProc(pAvSetMmThreadCharacteristics,   FAvSetMmThreadCharacteristics,   "AvSetMmThreadCharacteristicsA");
+    _GetProc(pAvRevertMmThreadCharacteristics,FAvRevertMmThreadCharacteristics,"AvRevertMmThreadCharacteristics");
+    _GetProc(pAvSetMmThreadPriority,          FAvSetMmThreadPriority,          "AvSetMmThreadPriority");
+
+    return pAvRtCreateThreadOrderingGroup &&
+        pAvRtDeleteThreadOrderingGroup &&
+        pAvRtWaitOnThreadOrderingGroup &&
+        pAvSetMmThreadCharacteristics &&
+        pAvRevertMmThreadCharacteristics &&
+        pAvSetMmThreadPriority;
+}
+#endif
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static void CloseAVRT()
+{
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    if (hDInputDLL != NULL)
+        FreeLibrary(hDInputDLL);
+    hDInputDLL = NULL;
+#endif
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static BOOL IsWow64()
+{
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+
+    // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms684139(VS.85).aspx
+
+    typedef BOOL (WINAPI *LPFN_ISWOW64PROCESS) (HANDLE, PBOOL);
+    LPFN_ISWOW64PROCESS fnIsWow64Process;
+
+    BOOL bIsWow64 = FALSE;
+
+    // IsWow64Process is not available on all supported versions of Windows.
+    // Use GetModuleHandle to get a handle to the DLL that contains the function
+    // and GetProcAddress to get a pointer to the function if available.
+
+    fnIsWow64Process = (LPFN_ISWOW64PROCESS) GetProcAddress(
+        GetModuleHandleA("kernel32"), "IsWow64Process");
+
+    if (fnIsWow64Process == NULL)
+        return FALSE;
+
+    if (!fnIsWow64Process(GetCurrentProcess(), &bIsWow64))
+        return FALSE;
+
+    return bIsWow64;
+
+#else
+
+    return FALSE;
+
+#endif
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+typedef enum EWindowsVersion
+{
+    WINDOWS_UNKNOWN = 0,
+    WINDOWS_VISTA_SERVER2008,
+    WINDOWS_7_SERVER2008R2,
+    WINDOWS_8_SERVER2012,
+    WINDOWS_8_1_SERVER2012R2,
+    WINDOWS_10_SERVER2016,
+    WINDOWS_FUTURE
+}
+EWindowsVersion;
+// Alternative way for checking Windows version (allows to check version on Windows 8.1 and up)
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+static BOOL IsWindowsVersionOrGreater(WORD wMajorVersion, WORD wMinorVersion, WORD wServicePackMajor)
+{
+    typedef ULONGLONG (NTAPI *LPFN_VERSETCONDITIONMASK)(ULONGLONG ConditionMask, DWORD TypeMask, BYTE Condition);
+    typedef BOOL (WINAPI *LPFN_VERIFYVERSIONINFO)(LPOSVERSIONINFOEXA lpVersionInformation, DWORD dwTypeMask, DWORDLONG dwlConditionMask);
+
+    LPFN_VERSETCONDITIONMASK fnVerSetConditionMask;
+    LPFN_VERIFYVERSIONINFO fnVerifyVersionInfo;
+    OSVERSIONINFOEXA osvi = { sizeof(osvi), 0, 0, 0, 0, {0}, 0, 0 };
+    DWORDLONG dwlConditionMask;
+
+    fnVerSetConditionMask = (LPFN_VERSETCONDITIONMASK)GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandleA("kernel32"), "VerSetConditionMask");
+    fnVerifyVersionInfo = (LPFN_VERIFYVERSIONINFO)GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandleA("kernel32"), "VerifyVersionInfoA");
+
+    if ((fnVerSetConditionMask == NULL) || (fnVerifyVersionInfo == NULL))
+        return FALSE;
+
+    dwlConditionMask = fnVerSetConditionMask(
+        fnVerSetConditionMask(
+            fnVerSetConditionMask(
+                0, VER_MAJORVERSION,     VER_GREATER_EQUAL),
+                   VER_MINORVERSION,     VER_GREATER_EQUAL),
+                   VER_SERVICEPACKMAJOR, VER_GREATER_EQUAL);
+
+    osvi.dwMajorVersion    = wMajorVersion;
+    osvi.dwMinorVersion    = wMinorVersion;
+    osvi.wServicePackMajor = wServicePackMajor;
+
+    return (fnVerifyVersionInfo(&osvi, VER_MAJORVERSION | VER_MINORVERSION | VER_SERVICEPACKMAJOR, dwlConditionMask) != FALSE);
+}
+#endif
+// Get Windows version
+// note: We are trying to get Windows version starting from Windows Vista. Earlier OS versions
+//       will fall into WINDOWS_UNKNOWN case.
+static EWindowsVersion GetWindowsVersion()
+{
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    static EWindowsVersion version = WINDOWS_UNKNOWN;
+
+    if (version == WINDOWS_UNKNOWN)
+    {
+        DWORD dwMajorVersion = 0xFFFFFFFFU, dwMinorVersion = 0, dwBuild = 0;
+
+        // RTL_OSVERSIONINFOW equals OSVERSIONINFOW but it is missing inb MinGW winnt.h header,
+        // thus use OSVERSIONINFOW for greater portability
+        typedef NTSTATUS (WINAPI *LPFN_RTLGETVERSION)(POSVERSIONINFOW lpVersionInformation);
+        LPFN_RTLGETVERSION fnRtlGetVersion;
+
+        #define NTSTATUS_SUCCESS ((NTSTATUS)0x00000000L)
+
+        // RtlGetVersion must be able to provide true Windows version (Windows 10 may be reported as Windows 8
+        // by GetVersion API)
+        if ((fnRtlGetVersion = (LPFN_RTLGETVERSION)GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandleA("ntdll"), "RtlGetVersion")) != NULL)
+        {
+            OSVERSIONINFOW ver = { sizeof(OSVERSIONINFOW), 0, 0, 0, 0, {0} };
+
+            if (fnRtlGetVersion(&ver) == NTSTATUS_SUCCESS)
+            {
+                dwMajorVersion = ver.dwMajorVersion;
+                dwMinorVersion = ver.dwMinorVersion;
+                dwBuild        = ver.dwBuildNumber;
+            }
+            
+            PRINT(("WASAPI: getting Windows version with RtlGetVersion(): major=%d, minor=%d, build=%d\n", dwMajorVersion, dwMinorVersion, dwBuild));
+        }
+
+        #undef NTSTATUS_SUCCESS
+
+        // fallback to GetVersion if RtlGetVersion is missing
+        if (dwMajorVersion == 0xFFFFFFFFU)
+        {
+            typedef DWORD (WINAPI *LPFN_GETVERSION)(VOID);
+            LPFN_GETVERSION fnGetVersion;
+
+            if ((fnGetVersion = (LPFN_GETVERSION)GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandleA("kernel32"), "GetVersion")) != NULL)
+            {
+                DWORD dwVersion = fnGetVersion();
+
+                dwMajorVersion = (DWORD)(LOBYTE(LOWORD(dwVersion)));
+                dwMinorVersion = (DWORD)(HIBYTE(LOWORD(dwVersion)));
+
+                if (dwVersion < 0x80000000)
+                    dwBuild = (DWORD)(HIWORD(dwVersion));
+                
+                PRINT(("WASAPI: getting Windows version with GetVersion(): major=%d, minor=%d, build=%d\n", dwMajorVersion, dwMinorVersion, dwBuild));
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (dwMajorVersion != 0xFFFFFFFFU)
+        {
+            switch (dwMajorVersion)
+            {
+            case 0:
+            case 1:
+            case 2:
+            case 3:
+            case 4:
+            case 5:
+                break; // skip lower
+            case 6:
+                switch (dwMinorVersion)
+                {
+                case 0:  version = WINDOWS_VISTA_SERVER2008; break;
+                case 1:  version = WINDOWS_7_SERVER2008R2;   break;
+                case 2:  version = WINDOWS_8_SERVER2012;     break;
+                case 3:  version = WINDOWS_8_1_SERVER2012R2; break;
+                default: version = WINDOWS_FUTURE;           break;
+                }
+                break;
+            case 10:
+                switch (dwMinorVersion)
+                {
+                case 0:  version = WINDOWS_10_SERVER2016;    break;
+                default: version = WINDOWS_FUTURE;           break;
+                }
+                break;
+            default:
+                version = WINDOWS_FUTURE;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        // fallback to VerifyVersionInfo if RtlGetVersion and GetVersion are missing
+        else
+        {
+            PRINT(("WASAPI: getting Windows version with VerifyVersionInfo()\n"));
+
+            if (IsWindowsVersionOrGreater(10, 0, 0))
+                version = WINDOWS_10_SERVER2016;
+            else
+            if (IsWindowsVersionOrGreater(6, 3, 0))
+                version = WINDOWS_8_1_SERVER2012R2;
+            else
+            if (IsWindowsVersionOrGreater(6, 2, 0))
+                version = WINDOWS_8_SERVER2012;
+            else
+            if (IsWindowsVersionOrGreater(6, 1, 0))
+                version = WINDOWS_7_SERVER2008R2;
+            else
+            if (IsWindowsVersionOrGreater(6, 0, 0))
+                version = WINDOWS_VISTA_SERVER2008;
+            else
+                version = WINDOWS_FUTURE;
+        }
+
+        PRINT(("WASAPI: Windows version = %d\n", version));
+    }
+
+    return version;
+#else
+    #if (_WIN32_WINNT >= _WIN32_WINNT_WIN10)
+        return WINDOWS_10_SERVER2016;
+    #else
+        return WINDOWS_8_SERVER2012;
+    #endif
+#endif
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static BOOL UseWOW64Workaround()
+{
+    // note: WOW64 bug is common to Windows Vista x64, thus we fall back to safe Poll-driven
+    //       method. Windows 7 x64 seems has WOW64 bug fixed.
+
+    return (IsWow64() && (GetWindowsVersion() == WINDOWS_VISTA_SERVER2008));
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static UINT32 GetAudioClientVersion()
+{
+    if (GetWindowsVersion() >= WINDOWS_10_SERVER2016)
+        return 3;
+    else
+    if (GetWindowsVersion() >= WINDOWS_8_SERVER2012)
+        return 2;
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static const IID *GetAudioClientIID()
+{
+    static const IID *cli_iid = NULL;
+    if (cli_iid == NULL)
+    {
+        UINT32 cli_version = GetAudioClientVersion();
+        switch (cli_version)
+        {
+        case 3:  cli_iid = &pa_IID_IAudioClient3; break;
+        case 2:  cli_iid = &pa_IID_IAudioClient2; break;
+        default: cli_iid = &pa_IID_IAudioClient;  break;
+        }
+
+        PRINT(("WASAPI: IAudioClient version = %d\n", cli_version));
+    }
+
+    return cli_iid;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+typedef enum EMixDirection
+{
+    MIX_DIR__1TO2,   //!< mix one channel to L and R
+    MIX_DIR__2TO1,   //!< mix L and R channels to one channel
+    MIX_DIR__2TO1_L  //!< mix only L channel (of total 2 channels) to one channel
+}
+EMixDirection;
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#define _WASAPI_MONO_TO_STEREO_MIXER_1_TO_2(TYPE)\
+    TYPE * __restrict to = (TYPE *)__to;\
+    const TYPE * __restrict from = (const TYPE *)__from;\
+    const TYPE * __restrict end = from + count;\
+    while (from != end)\
+    {\
+        to[0] = to[1] = *from ++;\
+        to += 2;\
+    }
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#define _WASAPI_MONO_TO_STEREO_MIXER_2_TO_1_FLT32(TYPE)\
+    TYPE * __restrict to = (TYPE *)__to;\
+    const TYPE * __restrict from = (const TYPE *)__from;\
+    const TYPE * __restrict end = to + count;\
+    while (to != end)\
+    {\
+        *to ++ = (TYPE)((float)(from[0] + from[1]) * 0.5f);\
+        from += 2;\
+    }
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#define _WASAPI_MONO_TO_STEREO_MIXER_2_TO_1_INT32(TYPE)\
+    TYPE * __restrict to = (TYPE *)__to;\
+    const TYPE * __restrict from = (const TYPE *)__from;\
+    const TYPE * __restrict end = to + count;\
+    while (to != end)\
+    {\
+        *to ++ = (TYPE)(((INT32)from[0] + (INT32)from[1]) >> 1);\
+        from += 2;\
+    }
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#define _WASAPI_MONO_TO_STEREO_MIXER_2_TO_1_INT64(TYPE)\
+    TYPE * __restrict to = (TYPE *)__to;\
+    const TYPE * __restrict from = (const TYPE *)__from;\
+    const TYPE * __restrict end = to + count;\
+    while (to != end)\
+    {\
+        *to ++ = (TYPE)(((INT64)from[0] + (INT64)from[1]) >> 1);\
+        from += 2;\
+    }
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#define _WASAPI_MONO_TO_STEREO_MIXER_2_TO_1_L(TYPE)\
+    TYPE * __restrict to = (TYPE *)__to;\
+    const TYPE * __restrict from = (const TYPE *)__from;\
+    const TYPE * __restrict end = to + count;\
+    while (to != end)\
+    {\
+        *to ++ = from[0];\
+        from += 2;\
+    }
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static void _MixMonoToStereo_1TO2_8(void *__to, const void *__from, UINT32 count) { _WASAPI_MONO_TO_STEREO_MIXER_1_TO_2(BYTE); }
+static void _MixMonoToStereo_1TO2_16(void *__to, const void *__from, UINT32 count) { _WASAPI_MONO_TO_STEREO_MIXER_1_TO_2(short); }
+static void _MixMonoToStereo_1TO2_8_24(void *__to, const void *__from, UINT32 count) { _WASAPI_MONO_TO_STEREO_MIXER_1_TO_2(int); /* !!! int24 data is contained in 32-bit containers*/ }
+static void _MixMonoToStereo_1TO2_32(void *__to, const void *__from, UINT32 count) { _WASAPI_MONO_TO_STEREO_MIXER_1_TO_2(int); }
+static void _MixMonoToStereo_1TO2_32f(void *__to, const void *__from, UINT32 count) { _WASAPI_MONO_TO_STEREO_MIXER_1_TO_2(float); }
+static void _MixMonoToStereo_1TO2_24(void *__to, const void *__from, UINT32 count)
+{
+    const UCHAR * __restrict from = (const UCHAR *)__from;
+    UCHAR * __restrict to = (UCHAR *)__to;
+    const UCHAR * __restrict end = to + (count * (2 * 3));
+
+    while (to != end)
+    {
+        to[0] = to[3] = from[0];
+        to[1] = to[4] = from[1];
+        to[2] = to[5] = from[2];
+
+        from += 3;
+        to += (2 * 3);
+    }
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static void _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_8(void *__to, const void *__from, UINT32 count) { _WASAPI_MONO_TO_STEREO_MIXER_2_TO_1_INT32(BYTE); }
+static void _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_16(void *__to, const void *__from, UINT32 count) { _WASAPI_MONO_TO_STEREO_MIXER_2_TO_1_INT32(short); }
+static void _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_8_24(void *__to, const void *__from, UINT32 count) { _WASAPI_MONO_TO_STEREO_MIXER_2_TO_1_INT32(int); /* !!! int24 data is contained in 32-bit containers*/ }
+static void _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_32(void *__to, const void *__from, UINT32 count) { _WASAPI_MONO_TO_STEREO_MIXER_2_TO_1_INT64(int); }
+static void _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_32f(void *__to, const void *__from, UINT32 count) { _WASAPI_MONO_TO_STEREO_MIXER_2_TO_1_FLT32(float); }
+static void _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_24(void *__to, const void *__from, UINT32 count)
+{
+    const UCHAR * __restrict from = (const UCHAR *)__from;
+    UCHAR * __restrict to = (UCHAR *)__to;
+    const UCHAR * __restrict end = to + (count * 3);
+    PaInt32 tempL, tempR, tempM;
+
+    while (to != end)
+    {
+        tempL = (((PaInt32)from[0]) << 8);
+        tempL = tempL | (((PaInt32)from[1]) << 16);
+        tempL = tempL | (((PaInt32)from[2]) << 24);
+
+        tempR = (((PaInt32)from[3]) << 8);
+        tempR = tempR | (((PaInt32)from[4]) << 16);
+        tempR = tempR | (((PaInt32)from[5]) << 24);
+
+        tempM = (tempL + tempR) >> 1;
+
+        to[0] = (UCHAR)(tempM >> 8);
+        to[1] = (UCHAR)(tempM >> 16);
+        to[2] = (UCHAR)(tempM >> 24);
+
+        from += (2 * 3);
+        to += 3;
+    }
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static void _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_8_L(void *__to, const void *__from, UINT32 count) { _WASAPI_MONO_TO_STEREO_MIXER_2_TO_1_L(BYTE); }
+static void _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_16_L(void *__to, const void *__from, UINT32 count) { _WASAPI_MONO_TO_STEREO_MIXER_2_TO_1_L(short); }
+static void _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_8_24_L(void *__to, const void *__from, UINT32 count) { _WASAPI_MONO_TO_STEREO_MIXER_2_TO_1_L(int); /* !!! int24 data is contained in 32-bit containers*/ }
+static void _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_32_L(void *__to, const void *__from, UINT32 count) { _WASAPI_MONO_TO_STEREO_MIXER_2_TO_1_L(int); }
+static void _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_32f_L(void *__to, const void *__from, UINT32 count) { _WASAPI_MONO_TO_STEREO_MIXER_2_TO_1_L(float); }
+static void _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_24_L(void *__to, const void *__from, UINT32 count)
+{
+    const UCHAR * __restrict from = (const UCHAR *)__from;
+    UCHAR * __restrict to = (UCHAR *)__to;
+    const UCHAR * __restrict end = to + (count * 3);
+
+    while (to != end)
+    {
+        to[0] = from[0];
+        to[1] = from[1];
+        to[2] = from[2];
+
+        from += (2 * 3);
+        to += 3;
+    }
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static MixMonoToStereoF GetMonoToStereoMixer(const WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE *fmtext, EMixDirection dir)
+{
+    PaSampleFormat format = WaveToPaFormat(fmtext);
+
+    switch (dir)
+    {
+    case MIX_DIR__1TO2:
+        switch (format & ~paNonInterleaved)
+        {
+        case paUInt8:   return _MixMonoToStereo_1TO2_8;
+        case paInt16:   return _MixMonoToStereo_1TO2_16;
+        case paInt24:   return (fmtext->Format.wBitsPerSample == 32 ? _MixMonoToStereo_1TO2_8_24 : _MixMonoToStereo_1TO2_24);
+        case paInt32:   return _MixMonoToStereo_1TO2_32;
+        case paFloat32: return _MixMonoToStereo_1TO2_32f;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case MIX_DIR__2TO1:
+        switch (format & ~paNonInterleaved)
+        {
+        case paUInt8:   return _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_8;
+        case paInt16:   return _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_16;
+        case paInt24:   return (fmtext->Format.wBitsPerSample == 32 ? _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_8_24 : _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_24);
+        case paInt32:   return _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_32;
+        case paFloat32: return _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_32f;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case MIX_DIR__2TO1_L:
+        switch (format & ~paNonInterleaved)
+        {
+        case paUInt8:   return _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_8_L;
+        case paInt16:   return _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_16_L;
+        case paInt24:   return (fmtext->Format.wBitsPerSample == 32 ? _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_8_24_L : _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_24_L);
+        case paInt32:   return _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_32_L;
+        case paFloat32: return _MixMonoToStereo_2TO1_32f_L;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#ifdef PA_WINRT
+typedef struct PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler
+{
+    IActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler parent;
+    volatile LONG refs;
+    volatile LONG done;
+    struct
+    {
+        const IID *iid;
+        void **obj;
+    }
+    in;
+    struct
+    {
+        HRESULT hr;
+    }
+    out;
+}
+PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler;
+
+static HRESULT (STDMETHODCALLTYPE PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler_QueryInterface)(
+    IActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler *This, REFIID riid, void **ppvObject)
+{
+    PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler *handler = (PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler *)This;
+
+    // From MSDN:
+    // "The IAgileObject interface is a marker interface that indicates that an object
+    //  is free threaded and can be called from any apartment."
+    if (IsEqualIID(riid, &IID_IUnknown) ||
+        IsEqualIID(riid, &IID_IAgileObject))
+    {
+        IActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler_AddRef((IActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler *)handler);
+        (*ppvObject) = handler;
+        return S_OK;
+    }
+
+    return E_NOINTERFACE;
+}
+
+static ULONG (STDMETHODCALLTYPE PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler_AddRef)(
+    IActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler *This)
+{
+    PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler *handler = (PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler *)This;
+
+    return InterlockedIncrement(&handler->refs);
+}
+
+static ULONG (STDMETHODCALLTYPE PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler_Release)(
+    IActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler *This)
+{
+    PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler *handler = (PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler *)This;
+    ULONG refs;
+
+    if ((refs = InterlockedDecrement(&handler->refs)) == 0)
+    {
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory(handler->parent.lpVtbl);
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory(handler);
+    }
+
+    return refs;
+}
+
+static HRESULT (STDMETHODCALLTYPE PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler_ActivateCompleted)(
+    IActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler *This, IActivateAudioInterfaceAsyncOperation *activateOperation)
+{
+    PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler *handler = (PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler *)This;
+
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+    HRESULT hrActivateResult = S_OK;
+    IUnknown *punkAudioInterface = NULL;
+
+    // Check for a successful activation result
+    hr = IActivateAudioInterfaceAsyncOperation_GetActivateResult(activateOperation, &hrActivateResult, &punkAudioInterface);
+    if (SUCCEEDED(hr) && SUCCEEDED(hrActivateResult))
+    {
+        // Get pointer to the requested audio interface
+        IUnknown_QueryInterface(punkAudioInterface, handler->in.iid, handler->in.obj);
+        if ((*handler->in.obj) == NULL)
+            hrActivateResult = E_FAIL;
+    }
+    SAFE_RELEASE(punkAudioInterface);
+
+    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
+        handler->out.hr = hrActivateResult;
+    else
+        handler->out.hr = hr;
+
+    // Got client object, stop busy waiting in ActivateAudioInterface
+    InterlockedExchange(&handler->done, TRUE);
+
+    return hr;
+}
+
+static IActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler *CreateActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler(const IID *iid, void **client)
+{
+    PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler *handler = PaUtil_AllocateMemory(sizeof(PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler));
+
+    memset(handler, 0, sizeof(*handler));
+
+    handler->parent.lpVtbl = PaUtil_AllocateMemory(sizeof(*handler->parent.lpVtbl));
+    handler->parent.lpVtbl->QueryInterface    = &PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler_QueryInterface;
+    handler->parent.lpVtbl->AddRef            = &PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler_AddRef;
+    handler->parent.lpVtbl->Release           = &PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler_Release;
+    handler->parent.lpVtbl->ActivateCompleted = &PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler_ActivateCompleted;
+    handler->refs   = 1;
+    handler->in.iid = iid;
+    handler->in.obj = client;
+
+    return (IActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler *)handler;
+}
+#endif
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#ifdef PA_WINRT
+static HRESULT WinRT_GetDefaultDeviceId(WCHAR *deviceId, UINT32 deviceIdMax, EDataFlow flow)
+{
+    switch (flow)
+    {
+    case eRender:
+        if (g_DeviceListInfo.render.defaultId[0] != 0)
+            wcsncpy_s(deviceId, deviceIdMax, g_DeviceListInfo.render.defaultId, wcslen(g_DeviceListInfo.render.defaultId));
+        else
+            StringFromGUID2(&DEVINTERFACE_AUDIO_RENDER, deviceId, deviceIdMax);
+        break;
+    case eCapture:
+        if (g_DeviceListInfo.capture.defaultId[0] != 0)
+            wcsncpy_s(deviceId, deviceIdMax, g_DeviceListInfo.capture.defaultId, wcslen(g_DeviceListInfo.capture.defaultId));
+        else
+            StringFromGUID2(&DEVINTERFACE_AUDIO_CAPTURE, deviceId, deviceIdMax);
+        break;
+    default:
+        return S_FALSE;
+    }
+
+    return S_OK;
+}
+#endif
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#ifdef PA_WINRT
+static HRESULT WinRT_ActivateAudioInterface(const WCHAR *deviceId, const IID *iid, void **client)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+    IActivateAudioInterfaceAsyncOperation *asyncOp = NULL;
+    IActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler *handler = CreateActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler(iid, client);
+    PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler *handlerImpl = (PaActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler *)handler;
+    UINT32 sleepToggle = 0;
+
+    // Async operation will call back to IActivateAudioInterfaceCompletionHandler::ActivateCompleted
+    // which must be an agile interface implementation
+    hr = ActivateAudioInterfaceAsync(deviceId, iid, NULL, handler, &asyncOp);
+    IF_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR_JUMP(hr, result, error);
+
+    // Wait in busy loop for async operation to complete
+    // Use Interlocked API here to ensure that ->done variable is read every time through the loop
+    while (SUCCEEDED(hr) && !InterlockedOr(&handlerImpl->done, 0))
+    {
+        Sleep(sleepToggle ^= 1);
+    }
+
+    hr = handlerImpl->out.hr;
+
+error:
+
+    SAFE_RELEASE(asyncOp);
+    SAFE_RELEASE(handler);
+
+    return hr;
+}
+#endif
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static HRESULT ActivateAudioInterface(const PaWasapiDeviceInfo *deviceInfo, const PaWasapiStreamInfo *streamInfo,
+    IAudioClient **client)
+{
+    HRESULT hr;
+
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    if (FAILED(hr = IMMDevice_Activate(deviceInfo->device, GetAudioClientIID(), CLSCTX_ALL, NULL, (void **)client)))
+        return hr;
+#else
+    if (FAILED(hr = WinRT_ActivateAudioInterface(deviceInfo->deviceId, GetAudioClientIID(), (void **)client)))
+        return hr;
+#endif
+
+    // Set audio client options (applicable only to IAudioClient2+): options may affect the audio format
+    // support by IAudioClient implementation and therefore we should set them before GetClosestFormat()
+    // in order to correctly match the requested format
+#ifdef __IAudioClient2_INTERFACE_DEFINED__
+    if ((streamInfo != NULL) && (GetAudioClientVersion() >= 2))
+    {
+        pa_AudioClientProperties audioProps = { 0 };
+        audioProps.cbSize     = sizeof(pa_AudioClientProperties);
+        audioProps.bIsOffload = FALSE;
+        audioProps.eCategory  = (AUDIO_STREAM_CATEGORY)streamInfo->streamCategory;
+        switch (streamInfo->streamOption)
+        {
+        case eStreamOptionRaw:
+            if (GetWindowsVersion() >= WINDOWS_8_1_SERVER2012R2)
+                audioProps.Options = pa_AUDCLNT_STREAMOPTIONS_RAW;
+            break;
+        case eStreamOptionMatchFormat:
+            if (GetWindowsVersion() >= WINDOWS_10_SERVER2016)
+                audioProps.Options = pa_AUDCLNT_STREAMOPTIONS_MATCH_FORMAT;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if (FAILED(hr = IAudioClient2_SetClientProperties((IAudioClient2 *)(*client), (AudioClientProperties *)&audioProps)))
+        {
+            PRINT(("WASAPI: IAudioClient2_SetClientProperties(IsOffload = %d, Category = %d, Options = %d) failed\n", audioProps.bIsOffload, audioProps.eCategory, audioProps.Options));
+            LogHostError(hr);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            PRINT(("WASAPI: IAudioClient2 set properties: IsOffload = %d, Category = %d, Options = %d\n", audioProps.bIsOffload, audioProps.eCategory, audioProps.Options));
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+    return S_OK;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#ifdef PA_WINRT
+// Windows 10 SDK 10.0.15063.0 has SignalObjectAndWait defined again (unlike in 10.0.14393.0 and lower)
+#if !defined(WDK_NTDDI_VERSION) || (WDK_NTDDI_VERSION < NTDDI_WIN10_RS2)
+static DWORD SignalObjectAndWait(HANDLE hObjectToSignal, HANDLE hObjectToWaitOn, DWORD dwMilliseconds, BOOL bAlertable)
+{
+    SetEvent(hObjectToSignal);
+    return WaitForSingleObjectEx(hObjectToWaitOn, dwMilliseconds, bAlertable);
+}
+#endif
+#endif
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static void NotifyStateChanged(PaWasapiStream *stream, UINT32 flags, HRESULT hr)
+{
+    if (stream->fnStateHandler == NULL)
+        return;
+
+    if (FAILED(hr))
+        flags |= paWasapiStreamStateError;
+
+    stream->fnStateHandler((PaStream *)stream, flags, hr, stream->pStateHandlerUserData);
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static void FillBaseDeviceInfo(PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo, PaHostApiIndex hostApiIndex)
+{
+    deviceInfo->structVersion = 2;
+    deviceInfo->hostApi       = hostApiIndex;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaError FillInactiveDeviceInfo(PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation *paWasapi, PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo)
+{
+    if (deviceInfo->name == NULL)
+        deviceInfo->name = (char *)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(paWasapi->allocations, 1);
+
+    if (deviceInfo->name != NULL)
+    {
+        ((char *)deviceInfo->name)[0] = 0;
+    }
+    else
+        return paInsufficientMemory;
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaError FillDeviceInfo(PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation *paWasapi, void *pEndPoints, INT32 index, const WCHAR *defaultRenderId,
+    const WCHAR *defaultCaptureId, PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo, PaWasapiDeviceInfo *wasapiDeviceInfo
+#ifdef PA_WINRT
+    , PaWasapiWinrtDeviceListContext *deviceListContext
+#endif
+)
+{
+    HRESULT hr;
+    PaError result;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi = (PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *)paWasapi;
+#ifdef PA_WINRT
+    PaWasapiWinrtDeviceListContextEntry *listEntry = &deviceListContext->devices[index];
+    (void)pEndPoints;
+    (void)defaultRenderId;
+    (void)defaultCaptureId;
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    hr = IMMDeviceCollection_Item((IMMDeviceCollection *)pEndPoints, index, &wasapiDeviceInfo->device);
+    IF_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR_JUMP(hr, result, error);
+
+    // Get device Id
+    {
+        WCHAR *deviceId;
+
+        hr = IMMDevice_GetId(wasapiDeviceInfo->device, &deviceId);
+        IF_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR_JUMP(hr, result, error);
+
+        wcsncpy(wasapiDeviceInfo->deviceId, deviceId, PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_ID_LEN - 1);
+        CoTaskMemFree(deviceId);
+    }
+
+    // Get state of the device
+    hr = IMMDevice_GetState(wasapiDeviceInfo->device, &wasapiDeviceInfo->state);
+    IF_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR_JUMP(hr, result, error);
+    if (wasapiDeviceInfo->state != DEVICE_STATE_ACTIVE)
+    {
+        PRINT(("WASAPI device: %d is not currently available (state:%d)\n", index, wasapiDeviceInfo->state));
+    }
+
+    // Get basic device info
+    {
+        IPropertyStore *pProperty;
+        IMMEndpoint *endpoint;
+        PROPVARIANT value;
+
+        hr = IMMDevice_OpenPropertyStore(wasapiDeviceInfo->device, STGM_READ, &pProperty);
+        IF_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR_JUMP(hr, result, error);
+
+        // "Friendly" Name
+        {
+            PropVariantInit(&value);
+
+            hr = IPropertyStore_GetValue(pProperty, &PKEY_Device_FriendlyName, &value);
+            IF_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR_JUMP(hr, result, error);
+
+            if ((deviceInfo->name = (char *)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(paWasapi->allocations, PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_NAME_LEN)) == NULL)
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                PropVariantClear(&value);
+                goto error;
+            }
+            if (value.pwszVal)
+                WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, value.pwszVal, (INT32)wcslen(value.pwszVal), (char *)deviceInfo->name, PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_NAME_LEN - 1, 0, 0);
+            else
+                _snprintf((char *)deviceInfo->name, PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_NAME_LEN - 1, "baddev%d", index);
+
+            PropVariantClear(&value);
+
+            PA_DEBUG(("WASAPI:%d| name[%s]\n", index, deviceInfo->name));
+        }
+
+        // Default format
+        {
+            PropVariantInit(&value);
+
+            hr = IPropertyStore_GetValue(pProperty, &PKEY_AudioEngine_DeviceFormat, &value);
+            IF_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR_JUMP(hr, result, error);
+
+            memcpy(&wasapiDeviceInfo->DefaultFormat, value.blob.pBlobData, min(sizeof(wasapiDeviceInfo->DefaultFormat), value.blob.cbSize));
+
+            PropVariantClear(&value);
+        }
+
+        // Form factor
+        {
+            PropVariantInit(&value);
+
+            hr = IPropertyStore_GetValue(pProperty, &PKEY_AudioEndpoint_FormFactor, &value);
+            IF_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR_JUMP(hr, result, error);
+
+        // set
+        #if defined(DUMMYUNIONNAME) && defined(NONAMELESSUNION)
+            // avoid breaking strict-aliasing rules in such line: (EndpointFormFactor)(*((UINT *)(((WORD *)&value.wReserved3)+1)));
+            UINT v;
+            memcpy(&v, (((WORD *)&value.wReserved3) + 1), sizeof(v));
+            wasapiDeviceInfo->formFactor = (EndpointFormFactor)v;
+        #else
+            wasapiDeviceInfo->formFactor = (EndpointFormFactor)value.uintVal;
+        #endif
+
+            PA_DEBUG(("WASAPI:%d| form-factor[%d]\n", index, wasapiDeviceInfo->formFactor));
+
+            PropVariantClear(&value);
+        }
+
+        // Data flow (Renderer or Capture)
+        hr = IMMDevice_QueryInterface(wasapiDeviceInfo->device, &pa_IID_IMMEndpoint, (void **)&endpoint);
+        if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
+        {
+            hr = IMMEndpoint_GetDataFlow(endpoint, &wasapiDeviceInfo->flow);
+            SAFE_RELEASE(endpoint);
+        }
+
+        SAFE_RELEASE(pProperty);
+    }
+#else
+    // Set device Id
+    wcsncpy(wasapiDeviceInfo->deviceId, listEntry->info->id, PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_ID_LEN - 1);
+
+    // Set device name
+    if ((deviceInfo->name = (char *)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(paWasapi->allocations, PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_NAME_LEN)) == NULL)
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+    ((char *)deviceInfo->name)[0] = 0;
+    if (listEntry->info->name[0] != 0)
+        WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, listEntry->info->name, (INT32)wcslen(listEntry->info->name), (char *)deviceInfo->name, PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_NAME_LEN - 1, 0, 0);
+    if (deviceInfo->name[0] == 0) // fallback if WideCharToMultiByte is failed, or listEntry is nameless
+        _snprintf((char *)deviceInfo->name, PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_NAME_LEN - 1, "WASAPI_%s:%d", (listEntry->flow == eRender ? "Output" : "Input"), index);
+
+    // Form-factor
+    wasapiDeviceInfo->formFactor = listEntry->info->formFactor;
+
+    // Set data flow
+    wasapiDeviceInfo->flow = listEntry->flow;
+#endif
+
+    // Set default Output/Input devices
+    if ((defaultRenderId != NULL) && (wcsncmp(wasapiDeviceInfo->deviceId, defaultRenderId, PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_NAME_LEN - 1) == 0))
+        hostApi->info.defaultOutputDevice = index;
+    if ((defaultCaptureId != NULL) && (wcsncmp(wasapiDeviceInfo->deviceId, defaultCaptureId, PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_NAME_LEN - 1) == 0))
+        hostApi->info.defaultInputDevice = index;
+
+    // Get a temporary IAudioClient for more details
+    {
+        IAudioClient *tmpClient;
+        WAVEFORMATEX *mixFormat;
+
+        hr = ActivateAudioInterface(wasapiDeviceInfo, NULL, &tmpClient);
+        IF_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR_JUMP(hr, result, error);
+
+        // Get latency
+        hr = IAudioClient_GetDevicePeriod(tmpClient, &wasapiDeviceInfo->DefaultDevicePeriod, &wasapiDeviceInfo->MinimumDevicePeriod);
+        if (FAILED(hr))
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("WASAPI:%d| failed getting min/default periods by IAudioClient::GetDevicePeriod() with error[%08X], will use 30000/100000 hns\n", index, (UINT32)hr));
+
+            // assign WASAPI common values
+            wasapiDeviceInfo->DefaultDevicePeriod = 100000;
+            wasapiDeviceInfo->MinimumDevicePeriod = 30000;
+
+            // ignore error, let continue further without failing with paInternalError
+            hr = S_OK;
+        }
+
+        // Get mix format
+        hr = IAudioClient_GetMixFormat(tmpClient, &mixFormat);
+        if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
+        {
+            memcpy(&wasapiDeviceInfo->MixFormat, mixFormat, min(sizeof(wasapiDeviceInfo->MixFormat), (sizeof(*mixFormat) + mixFormat->cbSize)));
+            CoTaskMemFree(mixFormat);
+        }
+
+        // Register WINRT device
+    #ifdef PA_WINRT
+        if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
+        {
+            // Set state
+            wasapiDeviceInfo->state = DEVICE_STATE_ACTIVE;
+
+            // Default format (Shared mode) is always a mix format
+            wasapiDeviceInfo->DefaultFormat = wasapiDeviceInfo->MixFormat;
+        }
+    #endif
+
+        // Release tmp client
+        SAFE_RELEASE(tmpClient);
+
+        if (hr != S_OK)
+        {
+            //davidv: this happened with my hardware, previously for that same device in DirectSound:
+            //Digital Output (Realtek AC'97 Audio)'s GUID: {0x38f2cf50,0x7b4c,0x4740,0x86,0xeb,0xd4,0x38,0x66,0xd8,0xc8, 0x9f}
+            //so something must be _really_ wrong with this device, TODO handle this better. We kind of need GetMixFormat
+            LogHostError(hr);
+            result = paInternalError;
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Fill basic device data
+    deviceInfo->maxInputChannels = 0;
+    deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels = 0;
+    deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = wasapiDeviceInfo->MixFormat.Format.nSamplesPerSec;
+    switch (wasapiDeviceInfo->flow)
+    {
+    case eRender: {
+        deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels         = wasapiDeviceInfo->MixFormat.Format.nChannels;
+        deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency = nano100ToSeconds(wasapiDeviceInfo->DefaultDevicePeriod);
+        deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency  = nano100ToSeconds(wasapiDeviceInfo->MinimumDevicePeriod);
+        PA_DEBUG(("WASAPI:%d| def.SR[%d] max.CH[%d] latency{hi[%f] lo[%f]}\n", index, (UINT32)deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate,
+            deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels, (float)deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency, (float)deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency));
+        break;}
+    case eCapture: {
+        deviceInfo->maxInputChannels        = wasapiDeviceInfo->MixFormat.Format.nChannels;
+        deviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency = nano100ToSeconds(wasapiDeviceInfo->DefaultDevicePeriod);
+        deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency  = nano100ToSeconds(wasapiDeviceInfo->MinimumDevicePeriod);
+        PA_DEBUG(("WASAPI:%d| def.SR[%d] max.CH[%d] latency{hi[%f] lo[%f]}\n", index, (UINT32)deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate,
+            deviceInfo->maxInputChannels, (float)deviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency, (float)deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency));
+        break; }
+    default:
+        PRINT(("WASAPI:%d| bad Data Flow!\n", index));
+        result = paInternalError;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+
+error:
+
+    PRINT(("WASAPI: failed filling device info for device index[%d] - error[%d|%s]\n", index, result, Pa_GetErrorText(result)));
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaDeviceInfo *AllocateDeviceListMemory(PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation *paWasapi, UINT32 deviceCount)
+{
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi = (PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *)paWasapi;
+    PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfoArray = NULL;
+
+    if ((paWasapi->devInfo = (PaWasapiDeviceInfo *)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(paWasapi->allocations,
+        sizeof(PaWasapiDeviceInfo) * deviceCount)) == NULL)
+    {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    memset(paWasapi->devInfo, 0, sizeof(PaWasapiDeviceInfo) * deviceCount);
+
+    if (deviceCount != 0)
+    {
+        UINT32 i;
+    #if defined(PA_WASAPI_MAX_CONST_DEVICE_COUNT) && (PA_WASAPI_MAX_CONST_DEVICE_COUNT > 0)
+        if (deviceCount < PA_WASAPI_MAX_CONST_DEVICE_COUNT)
+            deviceCount = PA_WASAPI_MAX_CONST_DEVICE_COUNT;
+    #endif
+
+        if ((hostApi->deviceInfos = (PaDeviceInfo **)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(paWasapi->allocations,
+            sizeof(PaDeviceInfo *) * deviceCount)) == NULL)
+        {
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        for (i = 0; i < deviceCount; ++i)
+            hostApi->deviceInfos[i] = NULL;
+
+        // Allocate all device info structs in a contiguous block
+        if ((deviceInfoArray = (PaDeviceInfo *)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(paWasapi->allocations,
+            sizeof(PaDeviceInfo) * deviceCount)) == NULL)
+        {
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        memset(deviceInfoArray, 0, sizeof(PaDeviceInfo) * deviceCount);
+    }
+
+    return deviceInfoArray;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+static UINT32 GetDeviceListDeviceCount(IMMDeviceCollection *pEndPoints, EDataFlow filterFlow)
+{
+    HRESULT hr;
+    UINT32 deviceCount;
+    IMMDevice *device;
+    IMMEndpoint *endpoint;
+    EDataFlow flow;
+    UINT32 ret = 0;
+
+    hr = IMMDeviceCollection_GetCount(pEndPoints, &deviceCount);
+    IF_FAILED_JUMP(hr, error);
+
+    for (UINT32 i = 0; i < deviceCount; ++i)
+    {
+        hr = IMMDeviceCollection_Item((IMMDeviceCollection *)pEndPoints, i, &device);
+        IF_FAILED_JUMP(hr, error);
+
+        if (SUCCEEDED(hr = IMMDevice_QueryInterface(device, &pa_IID_IMMEndpoint, (void **)&endpoint)))
+        {
+            if (SUCCEEDED(hr = IMMEndpoint_GetDataFlow(endpoint, &flow)))
+                ret += (flow == filterFlow);
+
+            SAFE_RELEASE(endpoint);
+        }
+
+        SAFE_RELEASE(device);
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+
+error:
+
+    return 0;
+}
+#else
+static UINT32 GetDeviceListDeviceCount(const PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation *paWasapi, 
+    const PaWasapiWinrtDeviceListContext *deviceListContext, EDataFlow filterFlow)
+{
+    UINT32 i, ret = 0;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < paWasapi->deviceCount; ++i)
+        ret += (deviceListContext->devices[i].flow == filterFlow);
+
+    return ret;
+}
+#endif
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static BOOL FillLooopbackDeviceInfo(PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation *paWasapi, PaDeviceInfo *loopbackDeviceInfo,
+    PaWasapiDeviceInfo *loopbackWasapiInfo, const PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo, const PaWasapiDeviceInfo *wasapiInfo)
+{
+// Loopback device name identificator
+// note: Some projects depend on loopback device detection by device name, do not change!
+#define PA_WASAPI_LOOPBACK_NAME_IDENTIFICATOR "[Loopback]"
+
+    memcpy(loopbackDeviceInfo, deviceInfo, sizeof(*loopbackDeviceInfo));
+    memcpy(loopbackWasapiInfo, wasapiInfo, sizeof(*loopbackWasapiInfo));
+
+    // Append loopback device name identificator to the device name to provide possibility to find
+    // loopback device by its name for some external projects
+    loopbackDeviceInfo->name = (char *)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(paWasapi->allocations, PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_NAME_LEN + 1);
+    if (loopbackDeviceInfo->name == NULL)
+        return FALSE;
+    _snprintf((char *)loopbackDeviceInfo->name, PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_NAME_LEN - 1,
+        "%s " PA_WASAPI_LOOPBACK_NAME_IDENTIFICATOR, deviceInfo->name);
+
+    // Acquire ref to the device as it is already referenced as render (output) device
+    // to avoid duplicate release in ReleaseWasapiDeviceInfoList()
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    SAFE_ADDREF(loopbackWasapiInfo->device);
+#endif
+
+    // Mark as loopback device
+    loopbackWasapiInfo->loopBack = TRUE;
+
+    // Input is the reverse of Output
+    loopbackDeviceInfo->maxInputChannels		 = deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels;
+    loopbackDeviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency	 = deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency;
+    loopbackDeviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency	 = deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency;
+    loopbackDeviceInfo->maxOutputChannels		 = 0;
+    loopbackDeviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency = 0;
+    loopbackDeviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency	 = 0;
+
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaError CreateDeviceList(PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation *paWasapi, PaHostApiIndex hostApiIndex)
+{
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi = (PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *)paWasapi;
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfoArray = NULL;
+    UINT32 i, j, loopbackDevices;
+    WCHAR *defaultRenderId = NULL;
+    WCHAR *defaultCaptureId = NULL;
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    HRESULT hr;
+    IMMDeviceCollection *pEndPoints = NULL;
+    IMMDeviceEnumerator *pEnumerator = NULL;
+#else
+    void *pEndPoints = NULL;
+    IAudioClient *tmpClient;
+    PaWasapiWinrtDeviceListContext deviceListContext = { 0 };
+    PaWasapiWinrtDeviceInfo defaultRender = { 0 };
+    PaWasapiWinrtDeviceInfo defaultCapture = { 0 };
+#endif
+
+    // Make sure device list empty
+    if ((paWasapi->deviceCount != 0) || (hostApi->info.deviceCount != 0))
+        return paInternalError;
+
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    hr = CoCreateInstance(&pa_CLSID_IMMDeviceEnumerator, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
+        &pa_IID_IMMDeviceEnumerator, (void **)&pEnumerator);
+    IF_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR_JUMP(hr, result, error);
+
+    // Get default render and capture devices
+    {
+        IMMDevice *device;
+
+        hr = IMMDeviceEnumerator_GetDefaultAudioEndpoint(pEnumerator, eRender, eMultimedia, &device);
+        if (hr != S_OK)
+        {
+            if (hr != E_NOTFOUND)
+            {
+                IF_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR_JUMP(hr, result, error);
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            hr = IMMDevice_GetId(device, &defaultRenderId);
+            IMMDevice_Release(device);
+            IF_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR_JUMP(hr, result, error);
+        }
+
+        hr = IMMDeviceEnumerator_GetDefaultAudioEndpoint(pEnumerator, eCapture, eMultimedia, &device);
+        if (hr != S_OK)
+        {
+            if (hr != E_NOTFOUND)
+            {
+                IF_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR_JUMP(hr, result, error);
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            hr = IMMDevice_GetId(device, &defaultCaptureId);
+            IMMDevice_Release(device);
+            IF_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR_JUMP(hr, result, error);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Get all currently active devices
+    hr = IMMDeviceEnumerator_EnumAudioEndpoints(pEnumerator, eAll, DEVICE_STATE_ACTIVE, &pEndPoints);
+    IF_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR_JUMP(hr, result, error);
+
+    // Get device count
+    hr = IMMDeviceCollection_GetCount(pEndPoints, &paWasapi->deviceCount);
+    IF_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR_JUMP(hr, result, error);
+
+    // Get loopback device count (e.g. all renders)
+    loopbackDevices = GetDeviceListDeviceCount(pEndPoints, eRender);
+#else
+    WinRT_GetDefaultDeviceId(defaultRender.id, STATIC_ARRAY_SIZE(defaultRender.id) - 1, eRender);
+    defaultRenderId = defaultRender.id;
+
+    WinRT_GetDefaultDeviceId(defaultCapture.id, STATIC_ARRAY_SIZE(defaultCapture.id) - 1, eCapture);
+    defaultCaptureId = defaultCapture.id;
+
+    if (g_DeviceListInfo.render.deviceCount == 0)
+    {
+        if (SUCCEEDED(WinRT_ActivateAudioInterface(defaultRenderId, GetAudioClientIID(), &tmpClient)))
+        {
+            deviceListContext.devices[paWasapi->deviceCount].info = &defaultRender;
+            deviceListContext.devices[paWasapi->deviceCount].flow = eRender;
+            paWasapi->deviceCount++;
+
+            SAFE_RELEASE(tmpClient);
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        for (i = 0; i < g_DeviceListInfo.render.deviceCount; ++i)
+        {
+            deviceListContext.devices[paWasapi->deviceCount].info = &g_DeviceListInfo.render.devices[i];
+            deviceListContext.devices[paWasapi->deviceCount].flow = eRender;
+            paWasapi->deviceCount++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (g_DeviceListInfo.capture.deviceCount == 0)
+    {
+        if (SUCCEEDED(WinRT_ActivateAudioInterface(defaultCaptureId, GetAudioClientIID(), &tmpClient)))
+        {
+            deviceListContext.devices[paWasapi->deviceCount].info = &defaultCapture;
+            deviceListContext.devices[paWasapi->deviceCount].flow = eCapture;
+            paWasapi->deviceCount++;
+
+            SAFE_RELEASE(tmpClient);
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        for (i = 0; i < g_DeviceListInfo.capture.deviceCount; ++i)
+        {
+            deviceListContext.devices[paWasapi->deviceCount].info = &g_DeviceListInfo.capture.devices[i];
+            deviceListContext.devices[paWasapi->deviceCount].flow = eCapture;
+            paWasapi->deviceCount++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Get loopback device count (e.g. all renders)
+    loopbackDevices = GetDeviceListDeviceCount(paWasapi, &deviceListContext, eRender);
+#endif
+
+    // Allocate memory for the device list
+    if ((paWasapi->deviceCount != 0) &&
+        ((deviceInfoArray = AllocateDeviceListMemory(paWasapi, paWasapi->deviceCount + loopbackDevices)) == NULL))
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    // Fill WASAPI device info
+    for (i = 0, j = 0; i < paWasapi->deviceCount; ++i)
+    {
+        PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo = &deviceInfoArray[i];
+        PaWasapiDeviceInfo *wasapiInfo = &paWasapi->devInfo[i];
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("WASAPI: device idx: %02d\n", i));
+        PA_DEBUG(("WASAPI: ---------------\n"));
+
+        FillBaseDeviceInfo(deviceInfo, hostApiIndex);
+
+        if ((result = FillDeviceInfo(paWasapi, pEndPoints, i, defaultRenderId, defaultCaptureId,
+            deviceInfo, wasapiInfo
+        #ifdef PA_WINRT
+            , &deviceListContext
+        #endif
+            )) != paNoError)
+        {
+            // Faulty device is made inactive
+            if ((result = FillInactiveDeviceInfo(paWasapi, deviceInfo)) != paNoError)
+                goto error;
+        }
+
+        hostApi->deviceInfos[i] = deviceInfo;
+        ++hostApi->info.deviceCount;
+
+        // Add loopback device for the render device
+        if ((paWasapi->devInfo[i].flow == eRender) && (j < loopbackDevices))
+        {
+            // Add loopback device to the end of the device list
+            UINT32 loopbackIndex = paWasapi->deviceCount + j++;
+			assert(loopbackIndex < (paWasapi->deviceCount + loopbackDevices));
+            PaDeviceInfo *loopbackDeviceInfo = &deviceInfoArray[loopbackIndex];
+            PaWasapiDeviceInfo *loopbackWasapiInfo = &paWasapi->devInfo[loopbackIndex];
+
+            if (!FillLooopbackDeviceInfo(paWasapi, loopbackDeviceInfo, loopbackWasapiInfo, deviceInfo, wasapiInfo))
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            hostApi->deviceInfos[loopbackIndex] = loopbackDeviceInfo;
+            ++hostApi->info.deviceCount;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Resize device list to accomodate inserted loopback devices
+    paWasapi->deviceCount += loopbackDevices;
+
+    // Fill the remaining slots with inactive device info
+#if defined(PA_WASAPI_MAX_CONST_DEVICE_COUNT) && (PA_WASAPI_MAX_CONST_DEVICE_COUNT > 0)
+    if ((hostApi->info.deviceCount != 0) && (hostApi->info.deviceCount < PA_WASAPI_MAX_CONST_DEVICE_COUNT))
+    {
+        for (i = hostApi->info.deviceCount; i < PA_WASAPI_MAX_CONST_DEVICE_COUNT; ++i)
+        {
+            PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo = &deviceInfoArray[i];
+
+            FillBaseDeviceInfo(deviceInfo, hostApiIndex);
+
+            if ((result = FillInactiveDeviceInfo(paWasapi, deviceInfo)) != paNoError)
+                goto error;
+
+            hostApi->deviceInfos[i] = deviceInfo;
+            ++hostApi->info.deviceCount;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+    // Clear any non-fatal errors
+    result = paNoError;
+
+    PRINT(("WASAPI: device list ok - found %d devices, %d loopback devices\n", paWasapi->deviceCount, loopbackDevices));
+
+done:
+
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    CoTaskMemFree(defaultRenderId);
+    CoTaskMemFree(defaultCaptureId);
+    SAFE_RELEASE(pEndPoints);
+    SAFE_RELEASE(pEnumerator);
+#endif
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+
+    // Safety if error was not set so that we do not think initialize was a success
+    if (result == paNoError)
+        result = paInternalError;
+
+    PRINT(("WASAPI: failed to create device list - error[%d|%s]\n", result, Pa_GetErrorText(result)));
+
+    goto done;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+PaError PaWasapi_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex hostApiIndex )
+{
+    PaError result;
+    PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation *paWasapi;
+
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    // Fail safely for any Windows version below Windows Vista
+    if (GetWindowsVersion() == WINDOWS_UNKNOWN)
+    {
+        PRINT(("WASAPI: Unsupported Windows version!\n"));
+        return paNoError;
+    }
+
+    if (!SetupAVRT())
+    {
+        PRINT(("WASAPI: avrt.dll missing! Windows integrity broken?\n"));
+        return paNoError;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    paWasapi = (PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation *)PaUtil_AllocateMemory(sizeof(PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation));
+    if (paWasapi == NULL)
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+    memset(paWasapi, 0, sizeof(PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation)); /* ensure all fields are zeroed. especially paWasapi->allocations */
+
+    // Initialize COM subsystem
+    result = PaWinUtil_CoInitialize(paWASAPI, &paWasapi->comInitializationResult);
+    if (result != paNoError)
+        goto error;
+
+    // Create memory group
+    paWasapi->allocations = PaUtil_CreateAllocationGroup();
+    if (paWasapi->allocations == NULL)
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    // Fill basic interface info
+    *hostApi                             = &paWasapi->inheritedHostApiRep;
+    (*hostApi)->info.structVersion       = 1;
+    (*hostApi)->info.type                = paWASAPI;
+    (*hostApi)->info.name                = "Windows WASAPI";
+    (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount         = 0;
+    (*hostApi)->info.defaultInputDevice  = paNoDevice;
+    (*hostApi)->info.defaultOutputDevice = paNoDevice;
+    (*hostApi)->Terminate                = Terminate;
+    (*hostApi)->OpenStream               = OpenStream;
+    (*hostApi)->IsFormatSupported        = IsFormatSupported;
+
+    // Fill the device list
+    if ((result = CreateDeviceList(paWasapi, hostApiIndex)) != paNoError)
+        goto error;
+
+    // Detect if platform workaround is required
+    paWasapi->useWOW64Workaround = UseWOW64Workaround();
+
+    // Initialize time getter
+    SystemTimer_InitializeTimeGetter();
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( &paWasapi->callbackStreamInterface, CloseStream, StartStream,
+                                      StopStream, AbortStream, IsStreamStopped, IsStreamActive,
+                                      GetStreamTime, GetStreamCpuLoad,
+                                      PaUtil_DummyRead, PaUtil_DummyWrite,
+                                      PaUtil_DummyGetReadAvailable, PaUtil_DummyGetWriteAvailable );
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( &paWasapi->blockingStreamInterface, CloseStream, StartStream,
+                                      StopStream, AbortStream, IsStreamStopped, IsStreamActive,
+                                      GetStreamTime, PaUtil_DummyGetCpuLoad,
+                                      ReadStream, WriteStream, GetStreamReadAvailable, GetStreamWriteAvailable );
+
+    PRINT(("WASAPI: initialized ok\n"));
+
+    return paNoError;
+
+error:
+
+    PRINT(("WASAPI: failed %s error[%d|%s]\n", __FUNCTION__, result, Pa_GetErrorText(result)));
+
+    Terminate((PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *)paWasapi);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static void ReleaseWasapiDeviceInfoList( PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation *paWasapi )
+{
+    UINT32 i;
+
+    // Release device info bound objects
+    for (i = 0; i < paWasapi->deviceCount; ++i)
+    {
+    #ifndef PA_WINRT
+        SAFE_RELEASE(paWasapi->devInfo[i].device);
+    #endif
+    }
+
+    // Free device info
+    if (paWasapi->allocations != NULL)
+        PaUtil_GroupFreeMemory(paWasapi->allocations, paWasapi->devInfo);
+
+    // Be ready for a device list reinitialization and if its creation is failed pointers must not be dangling
+    paWasapi->devInfo = NULL;
+    paWasapi->deviceCount = 0;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static void Terminate( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi )
+{
+    PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation *paWasapi = (PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    if (paWasapi == NULL)
+        return;
+
+    // Release device list
+    ReleaseWasapiDeviceInfoList(paWasapi);
+
+    // Free allocations and memory group itself
+    if (paWasapi->allocations != NULL)
+    {
+        PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations(paWasapi->allocations);
+        PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup(paWasapi->allocations);
+    }
+
+    // Release COM subsystem
+    PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize(paWASAPI, &paWasapi->comInitializationResult);
+
+    // Free API representation
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory(paWasapi);
+
+    // Close AVRT
+    CloseAVRT();
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation *_GetHostApi(PaError *ret)
+{
+    PaError error;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *pApi;
+
+    if ((error = PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation(&pApi, paWASAPI)) != paNoError)
+    {
+        if (ret != NULL)
+            (*ret) = error;
+
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    return (PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation *)pApi;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaError UpdateDeviceList()
+{
+    int i;
+    PaError ret;
+    PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation *paWasapi;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi;
+
+    // Get API
+    hostApi = (PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *)(paWasapi = _GetHostApi(&ret));
+    if (paWasapi == NULL)
+        return paNotInitialized;
+
+    // Make sure initialized properly
+    if (paWasapi->allocations == NULL)
+        return paNotInitialized;
+
+    // Release WASAPI internal device info list
+    ReleaseWasapiDeviceInfoList(paWasapi);
+
+    // Release external device info list
+    if (hostApi->deviceInfos != NULL)
+    {
+        for (i = 0; i < hostApi->info.deviceCount; ++i)
+        {
+            PaUtil_GroupFreeMemory(paWasapi->allocations, (void *)hostApi->deviceInfos[i]->name);
+        }
+        PaUtil_GroupFreeMemory(paWasapi->allocations, hostApi->deviceInfos[0]);
+        PaUtil_GroupFreeMemory(paWasapi->allocations, hostApi->deviceInfos);
+
+        // Be ready for a device list reinitialization and if its creation is failed pointers must not be dangling
+        hostApi->deviceInfos = NULL;
+        hostApi->info.deviceCount = 0;
+        hostApi->info.defaultInputDevice = paNoDevice;
+        hostApi->info.defaultOutputDevice = paNoDevice;
+    }
+
+    // Fill possibly updated device list
+    if ((ret = CreateDeviceList(paWasapi, Pa_HostApiTypeIdToHostApiIndex(paWASAPI))) != paNoError)
+        return ret;
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+PaError PaWasapi_UpdateDeviceList()
+{
+#if defined(PA_WASAPI_MAX_CONST_DEVICE_COUNT) && (PA_WASAPI_MAX_CONST_DEVICE_COUNT > 0)
+    return UpdateDeviceList();
+#else
+    return paInternalError;
+#endif
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+int PaWasapi_GetDeviceCurrentFormat( PaStream *pStream, void *pFormat, unsigned int formatSize, int bOutput )
+{
+    UINT32 size;
+    WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE *format;
+
+    PaWasapiStream *stream = (PaWasapiStream *)pStream;
+    if (stream == NULL)
+        return paBadStreamPtr;
+
+    format = (bOutput == TRUE ? &stream->out.wavex : &stream->in.wavex);
+
+    size = min(formatSize, (UINT32)sizeof(*format));
+    memcpy(pFormat, format, size);
+
+    return size;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaError _GetWasapiDeviceInfoByDeviceIndex( PaWasapiDeviceInfo **info, PaDeviceIndex device )
+{
+    PaError ret;
+    PaDeviceIndex index;
+
+    // Get API
+    PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation *paWasapi = _GetHostApi(&ret);
+    if (paWasapi == NULL)
+        return paNotInitialized;
+
+    // Get device index
+    if ((ret = PaUtil_DeviceIndexToHostApiDeviceIndex(&index, device, &paWasapi->inheritedHostApiRep)) != paNoError)
+        return ret;
+
+    // Validate index
+    if ((UINT32)index >= paWasapi->deviceCount)
+        return paInvalidDevice;
+
+    (*info) = &paWasapi->devInfo[ index ];
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+int PaWasapi_GetDeviceDefaultFormat( void *pFormat, unsigned int formatSize, PaDeviceIndex device )
+{
+    PaError ret;
+    PaWasapiDeviceInfo *deviceInfo;
+    UINT32 size;
+
+    if (pFormat == NULL)
+        return paBadBufferPtr;
+    if (formatSize <= 0)
+        return paBufferTooSmall;
+
+    if ((ret = _GetWasapiDeviceInfoByDeviceIndex(&deviceInfo, device)) != paNoError)
+        return ret;
+
+    size = min(formatSize, (UINT32)sizeof(deviceInfo->DefaultFormat));
+    memcpy(pFormat, &deviceInfo->DefaultFormat, size);
+
+    return size;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+int PaWasapi_GetDeviceMixFormat( void *pFormat, unsigned int formatSize, PaDeviceIndex device )
+{
+    PaError ret;
+    PaWasapiDeviceInfo *deviceInfo;
+    UINT32 size;
+
+    if (pFormat == NULL)
+        return paBadBufferPtr;
+    if (formatSize <= 0)
+        return paBufferTooSmall;
+
+    if ((ret = _GetWasapiDeviceInfoByDeviceIndex(&deviceInfo, device)) != paNoError)
+        return ret;
+
+    size = min(formatSize, (UINT32)sizeof(deviceInfo->MixFormat));
+    memcpy(pFormat, &deviceInfo->MixFormat, size);
+
+    return size;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+int PaWasapi_GetDeviceRole( PaDeviceIndex device )
+{
+    PaError ret;
+    PaWasapiDeviceInfo *deviceInfo;
+
+    if ((ret = _GetWasapiDeviceInfoByDeviceIndex(&deviceInfo, device)) != paNoError)
+        return ret;
+
+    return deviceInfo->formFactor;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+PaError PaWasapi_GetIMMDevice( PaDeviceIndex device, void **pIMMDevice )
+{
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    PaError ret;
+    PaWasapiDeviceInfo *deviceInfo;
+
+    if (pIMMDevice == NULL)
+        return paBadBufferPtr;
+
+    if ((ret = _GetWasapiDeviceInfoByDeviceIndex(&deviceInfo, device)) != paNoError)
+        return ret;
+
+    (*pIMMDevice) = deviceInfo->device;
+
+    return paNoError;
+#else
+    (void)device;
+    (void)pIMMDevice;
+    return paIncompatibleStreamHostApi;
+#endif
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+int PaWasapi_IsLoopback( PaDeviceIndex device )
+{
+	PaError ret;
+	PaDeviceIndex index;
+
+	// Get API
+	PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation *paWasapi = _GetHostApi(&ret);
+	if (paWasapi == NULL)
+		return paNotInitialized;
+
+	// Get device index
+	ret = PaUtil_DeviceIndexToHostApiDeviceIndex(&index, device, &paWasapi->inheritedHostApiRep);
+	if (ret != paNoError)
+		return ret;
+
+	// Validate index
+	if ((UINT32)index >= paWasapi->deviceCount)
+		return paInvalidDevice;
+
+	return paWasapi->devInfo[ index ].loopBack;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+PaError PaWasapi_GetFramesPerHostBuffer( PaStream *pStream, unsigned int *pInput, unsigned int *pOutput )
+{
+    PaWasapiStream *stream = (PaWasapiStream *)pStream;
+    if (stream == NULL)
+        return paBadStreamPtr;
+
+    if (pInput != NULL)
+        (*pInput) = stream->in.framesPerHostCallback;
+
+    if (pOutput != NULL)
+        (*pOutput) = stream->out.framesPerHostCallback;
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static void LogWAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE(const WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE *in)
+{
+    const WAVEFORMATEX *old = (WAVEFORMATEX *)in;
+    switch (old->wFormatTag)
+    {
+    case WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE: {
+
+        PRINT(("wFormatTag     =WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE\n"));
+
+        if (IsEqualGUID(&in->SubFormat, &pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT))
+        {
+            PRINT(("SubFormat      =KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT\n"));
+        }
+        else
+        if (IsEqualGUID(&in->SubFormat, &pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM))
+        {
+            PRINT(("SubFormat      =KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM\n"));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            PRINT(("SubFormat      =CUSTOM GUID{%d:%d:%d:%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d}\n",
+                                        in->SubFormat.Data1,
+                                        in->SubFormat.Data2,
+                                        in->SubFormat.Data3,
+                                        (int)in->SubFormat.Data4[0],
+                                        (int)in->SubFormat.Data4[1],
+                                        (int)in->SubFormat.Data4[2],
+                                        (int)in->SubFormat.Data4[3],
+                                        (int)in->SubFormat.Data4[4],
+                                        (int)in->SubFormat.Data4[5],
+                                        (int)in->SubFormat.Data4[6],
+                                        (int)in->SubFormat.Data4[7]));
+        }
+        PRINT(("Samples.wValidBitsPerSample =%d\n",  in->Samples.wValidBitsPerSample));
+        PRINT(("dwChannelMask  =0x%X\n",in->dwChannelMask));
+
+        break; }
+
+    case WAVE_FORMAT_PCM:        PRINT(("wFormatTag     =WAVE_FORMAT_PCM\n")); break;
+    case WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT: PRINT(("wFormatTag     =WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT\n")); break;
+    default:
+        PRINT(("wFormatTag     =UNKNOWN(%d)\n",old->wFormatTag)); break;
+    }
+
+    PRINT(("nChannels      =%d\n",old->nChannels));
+    PRINT(("nSamplesPerSec =%d\n",old->nSamplesPerSec));
+    PRINT(("nAvgBytesPerSec=%d\n",old->nAvgBytesPerSec));
+    PRINT(("nBlockAlign    =%d\n",old->nBlockAlign));
+    PRINT(("wBitsPerSample =%d\n",old->wBitsPerSample));
+    PRINT(("cbSize         =%d\n",old->cbSize));
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+PaSampleFormat WaveToPaFormat(const WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE *fmtext)
+{
+    const WAVEFORMATEX *fmt = (WAVEFORMATEX *)fmtext;
+
+    switch (fmt->wFormatTag)
+    {
+    case WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE: {
+        if (IsEqualGUID(&fmtext->SubFormat, &pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT))
+        {
+            if (fmtext->Samples.wValidBitsPerSample == 32)
+                return paFloat32;
+        }
+        else
+        if (IsEqualGUID(&fmtext->SubFormat, &pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM))
+        {
+            switch (fmt->wBitsPerSample)
+            {
+            case 32: return paInt32;
+            case 24: return paInt24;
+            case 16: return paInt16;
+            case  8: return paUInt8;
+            }
+        }
+        break; }
+
+    case WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT:
+        return paFloat32;
+
+    case WAVE_FORMAT_PCM: {
+        switch (fmt->wBitsPerSample)
+        {
+        case 32: return paInt32;
+        case 24: return paInt24;
+        case 16: return paInt16;
+        case  8: return paUInt8;
+        }
+        break; }
+    }
+
+    return paCustomFormat;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaError MakeWaveFormatFromParams(WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE *wavex, const PaStreamParameters *params,
+    double sampleRate, BOOL packedOnly)
+{
+    WORD bitsPerSample;
+    WAVEFORMATEX *old;
+    DWORD channelMask = 0;
+    BOOL useExtensible = (params->channelCount > 2); // format is always forced for >2 channels format
+    PaWasapiStreamInfo *streamInfo = (PaWasapiStreamInfo *)params->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+
+    // Convert PaSampleFormat to valid data bits
+    if ((bitsPerSample = PaSampleFormatToBitsPerSample(params->sampleFormat)) == 0)
+        return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+    // Use user assigned channel mask
+    if ((streamInfo != NULL) && (streamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiUseChannelMask))
+    {
+        channelMask   = streamInfo->channelMask;
+        useExtensible = TRUE;
+    }
+
+    memset(wavex, 0, sizeof(*wavex));
+
+    old                    = (WAVEFORMATEX *)wavex;
+    old->nChannels      = (WORD)params->channelCount;
+    old->nSamplesPerSec = (DWORD)sampleRate;
+    old->wBitsPerSample = bitsPerSample;
+
+    // according to MSDN for WAVEFORMATEX structure for WAVE_FORMAT_PCM:
+    // "If wFormatTag is WAVE_FORMAT_PCM, then wBitsPerSample should be equal to 8 or 16."
+    if ((bitsPerSample != 8) && (bitsPerSample != 16))
+    {
+        // Normally 20 or 24 bits must go in 32 bit containers (ints) but in Exclusive mode some devices require
+        // packed version of the format, e.g. for example 24-bit in 3-bytes
+        old->wBitsPerSample = (packedOnly ? bitsPerSample : 32);
+        useExtensible       = TRUE;
+    }
+
+    // WAVEFORMATEX
+    if (!useExtensible)
+    {
+        old->wFormatTag    = WAVE_FORMAT_PCM;
+    }
+    // WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE
+    else
+    {
+        old->wFormatTag = WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE;
+        old->cbSize        = sizeof(WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE) - sizeof(WAVEFORMATEX);
+
+        if ((params->sampleFormat & ~paNonInterleaved) == paFloat32)
+            wavex->SubFormat = pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT;
+        else
+            wavex->SubFormat = pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM;
+
+        wavex->Samples.wValidBitsPerSample = bitsPerSample;
+
+        // Set channel mask
+        if (channelMask != 0)
+        {
+            wavex->dwChannelMask = channelMask;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            switch (params->channelCount)
+            {
+            case 1:  wavex->dwChannelMask = PAWIN_SPEAKER_MONO; break;
+            case 2:  wavex->dwChannelMask = PAWIN_SPEAKER_STEREO; break;
+            case 3:  wavex->dwChannelMask = PAWIN_SPEAKER_STEREO|SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY; break;
+            case 4:  wavex->dwChannelMask = PAWIN_SPEAKER_QUAD; break;
+            case 5:  wavex->dwChannelMask = PAWIN_SPEAKER_QUAD|SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY; break;
+#ifdef PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1_SURROUND
+            case 6:  wavex->dwChannelMask = PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1_SURROUND; break;
+#else
+            case 6:  wavex->dwChannelMask = PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1; break;
+#endif
+#ifdef PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1_SURROUND
+            case 7:  wavex->dwChannelMask = PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1_SURROUND|SPEAKER_BACK_CENTER; break;
+#else
+            case 7:  wavex->dwChannelMask = PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1|SPEAKER_BACK_CENTER; break;
+#endif
+#ifdef PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1_SURROUND
+            case 8:  wavex->dwChannelMask = PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1_SURROUND; break;
+#else
+            case 8:  wavex->dwChannelMask = PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1; break;
+#endif
+
+            default: wavex->dwChannelMask = 0;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    old->nBlockAlign     = old->nChannels * (old->wBitsPerSample / 8);
+    old->nAvgBytesPerSec = old->nSamplesPerSec * old->nBlockAlign;
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static HRESULT GetAlternativeSampleFormatExclusive(IAudioClient *client, double sampleRate,
+    const PaStreamParameters *params, WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE *outWavex, BOOL packedSampleFormatOnly)
+{
+    HRESULT hr = !S_OK;
+    AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE shareMode = AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE;
+    WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE testFormat;
+    PaStreamParameters testParams;
+    int i;
+    static const PaSampleFormat bestToWorst[] = { paInt32, paInt24, paFloat32, paInt16 };
+
+    // Try combination Stereo (2 channels) and then we will use our custom mono-stereo mixer
+    if (params->channelCount == 1)
+    {
+        testParams = (*params);
+        testParams.channelCount = 2;
+
+        if (MakeWaveFormatFromParams(&testFormat, &testParams, sampleRate, packedSampleFormatOnly) == paNoError)
+        {
+            if ((hr = IAudioClient_IsFormatSupported(client, shareMode, &testFormat.Format, NULL)) == S_OK)
+            {
+                (*outWavex) = testFormat;
+                return hr;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Try selecting suitable sample type
+        for (i = 0; i < STATIC_ARRAY_SIZE(bestToWorst); ++i)
+        {
+            testParams.sampleFormat = bestToWorst[i];
+
+            if (MakeWaveFormatFromParams(&testFormat, &testParams, sampleRate, packedSampleFormatOnly) == paNoError)
+            {
+                if ((hr = IAudioClient_IsFormatSupported(client, shareMode, &testFormat.Format, NULL)) == S_OK)
+                {
+                    (*outWavex) = testFormat;
+                    return hr;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Try selecting suitable sample type
+    testParams = (*params);
+    for (i = 0; i < STATIC_ARRAY_SIZE(bestToWorst); ++i)
+    {
+        testParams.sampleFormat = bestToWorst[i];
+
+        if (MakeWaveFormatFromParams(&testFormat, &testParams, sampleRate, packedSampleFormatOnly) == paNoError)
+        {
+            if ((hr = IAudioClient_IsFormatSupported(client, shareMode, &testFormat.Format, NULL)) == S_OK)
+            {
+                (*outWavex) = testFormat;
+                return hr;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return hr;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaError GetClosestFormat(IAudioClient *client, double sampleRate, const PaStreamParameters *_params,
+    AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE shareMode, WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE *outWavex, BOOL output)
+{
+    PaWasapiStreamInfo *streamInfo   = (PaWasapiStreamInfo *)_params->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+    WAVEFORMATEX *sharedClosestMatch = NULL;
+    HRESULT hr                       = !S_OK;
+    PaStreamParameters params        = (*_params);
+    const BOOL explicitFormat        = (streamInfo != NULL) && ((streamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiExplicitSampleFormat) == paWinWasapiExplicitSampleFormat);
+    (void)output;
+
+    /* It was not noticed that 24-bit Input producing no output while device accepts this format.
+       To fix this issue let's ask for 32-bits and let PA converters convert host 32-bit data
+       to 24-bit for user-space. The bug concerns Vista, if Windows 7 supports 24-bits for Input
+       please report to PortAudio developers to exclude Windows 7.
+    */
+    /*if ((params.sampleFormat == paInt24) && (output == FALSE))
+        params.sampleFormat = paFloat32;*/ // <<< The silence was due to missing Int32_To_Int24_Dither implementation
+
+    // Try standard approach, e.g. if data is > 16 bits it will be packed into 32-bit containers
+    MakeWaveFormatFromParams(outWavex, &params, sampleRate, FALSE);
+
+    // If built-in PCM converter requested then shared mode format will always succeed
+    if ((GetWindowsVersion() >= WINDOWS_7_SERVER2008R2) &&
+        (shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_SHARED) &&
+        ((streamInfo != NULL) && (streamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiAutoConvert)))
+        return paFormatIsSupported;
+
+    hr = IAudioClient_IsFormatSupported(client, shareMode, &outWavex->Format, (shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_SHARED ? &sharedClosestMatch : NULL));
+
+    // Exclusive mode can require packed format for some devices
+    if ((hr != S_OK) && (shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE))
+    {
+        // Enforce packed only format, e.g. data bits will not be packed into 32-bit containers in any case
+        MakeWaveFormatFromParams(outWavex, &params, sampleRate, TRUE);
+        hr = IAudioClient_IsFormatSupported(client, shareMode, &outWavex->Format, NULL);
+    }
+
+    if (hr == S_OK)
+    {
+        return paFormatIsSupported;
+    }
+    else
+    if (sharedClosestMatch != NULL)
+    {
+        WORD bitsPerSample;
+
+        if (sharedClosestMatch->wFormatTag == WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE)
+            memcpy(outWavex, sharedClosestMatch, sizeof(WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE));
+        else
+            memcpy(outWavex, sharedClosestMatch, sizeof(WAVEFORMATEX));
+
+        CoTaskMemFree(sharedClosestMatch);
+        sharedClosestMatch = NULL;
+
+        // Validate SampleRate
+        if ((DWORD)sampleRate != outWavex->Format.nSamplesPerSec)
+            return paInvalidSampleRate;
+
+        // Validate Channel count
+        if ((WORD)params.channelCount != outWavex->Format.nChannels)
+        {
+            // If mono, then driver does not support 1 channel, we use internal workaround
+            // of tiny software mixing functionality, e.g. we provide to user buffer 1 channel
+            // but then mix into 2 for device buffer
+            if ((params.channelCount == 1) && (outWavex->Format.nChannels == 2))
+                return paFormatIsSupported;
+            else
+                return paInvalidChannelCount;
+        }
+
+        // Validate Sample format
+        if ((bitsPerSample = PaSampleFormatToBitsPerSample(params.sampleFormat)) == 0)
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+        // Accepted format
+        return paFormatIsSupported;
+    }
+    else
+    if ((shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE) && !explicitFormat)
+    {
+        // Try standard approach, e.g. if data is > 16 bits it will be packed into 32-bit containers
+        if ((hr = GetAlternativeSampleFormatExclusive(client, sampleRate, &params, outWavex, FALSE)) == S_OK)
+            return paFormatIsSupported;
+
+        // Enforce packed only format, e.g. data bits will not be packed into 32-bit containers in any case
+        if ((hr = GetAlternativeSampleFormatExclusive(client, sampleRate, &params, outWavex, TRUE)) == S_OK)
+            return paFormatIsSupported;
+
+        // Log failure
+        LogHostError(hr);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        // Exclusive mode and requested strict format, WASAPI did not accept this sample format
+        LogHostError(hr);
+    }
+
+    return paInvalidSampleRate;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaError IsStreamParamsValid(struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                   const  PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                   const  PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                   double sampleRate)
+{
+    if (hostApi == NULL)
+        return paHostApiNotFound;
+    if ((UINT32)sampleRate == 0)
+        return paInvalidSampleRate;
+
+    if (inputParameters != NULL)
+    {
+        /* all standard sample formats are supported by the buffer adapter,
+            this implementation doesn't support any custom sample formats */
+        // Note: paCustomFormat is now 8.24 (24-bits in 32-bit containers)
+        //if (inputParameters->sampleFormat & paCustomFormat)
+        //    return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+        if (inputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification)
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        /* check that input device can support inputChannelCount */
+        if (inputParameters->channelCount > hostApi->deviceInfos[ inputParameters->device ]->maxInputChannels)
+            return paInvalidChannelCount;
+
+        /* validate inputStreamInfo */
+        if (inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo)
+        {
+            PaWasapiStreamInfo *inputStreamInfo = (PaWasapiStreamInfo *)inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+            if ((inputStreamInfo->size != sizeof(PaWasapiStreamInfo)) ||
+                (inputStreamInfo->version != 1) ||
+                (inputStreamInfo->hostApiType != paWASAPI))
+            {
+                return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return paNoError;
+    }
+
+    if (outputParameters != NULL)
+    {
+        /* all standard sample formats are supported by the buffer adapter,
+            this implementation doesn't support any custom sample formats */
+        // Note: paCustomFormat is now 8.24 (24-bits in 32-bit containers)
+        //if (outputParameters->sampleFormat & paCustomFormat)
+        //    return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+            paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+        if (outputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification)
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+
+        /* check that output device can support outputChannelCount */
+        if (outputParameters->channelCount > hostApi->deviceInfos[ outputParameters->device ]->maxOutputChannels)
+            return paInvalidChannelCount;
+
+        /* validate outputStreamInfo */
+        if(outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo)
+        {
+            PaWasapiStreamInfo *outputStreamInfo = (PaWasapiStreamInfo *)outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+            if ((outputStreamInfo->size != sizeof(PaWasapiStreamInfo)) ||
+                (outputStreamInfo->version != 1) ||
+                (outputStreamInfo->hostApiType != paWASAPI))
+            {
+                return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return paNoError;
+    }
+
+    return (inputParameters || outputParameters ? paNoError : paInternalError);
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaError IsFormatSupported( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                  const  PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                  const  PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                  double sampleRate )
+{
+    IAudioClient *tmpClient = NULL;
+    PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation *paWasapi = (PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    PaWasapiStreamInfo *inputStreamInfo = NULL, *outputStreamInfo = NULL;
+
+    // Validate PaStreamParameters
+    PaError error;
+    if ((error = IsStreamParamsValid(hostApi, inputParameters, outputParameters, sampleRate)) != paNoError)
+        return error;
+
+    if (inputParameters != NULL)
+    {
+        WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE wavex;
+        HRESULT hr;
+        PaError answer;
+        AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE shareMode = AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_SHARED;
+        inputStreamInfo = (PaWasapiStreamInfo *)inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+
+        if (inputStreamInfo && (inputStreamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiExclusive))
+            shareMode = AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE;
+
+        hr = ActivateAudioInterface(&paWasapi->devInfo[inputParameters->device], inputStreamInfo, &tmpClient);
+        if (hr != S_OK)
+        {
+            LogHostError(hr);
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+        }
+
+        answer = GetClosestFormat(tmpClient, sampleRate, inputParameters, shareMode, &wavex, FALSE);
+        SAFE_RELEASE(tmpClient);
+
+        if (answer != paFormatIsSupported)
+            return answer;
+    }
+
+    if (outputParameters != NULL)
+    {
+        HRESULT hr;
+        WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE wavex;
+        PaError answer;
+        AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE shareMode = AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_SHARED;
+        outputStreamInfo = (PaWasapiStreamInfo *)outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+
+        if (outputStreamInfo && (outputStreamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiExclusive))
+            shareMode = AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE;
+
+        hr = ActivateAudioInterface(&paWasapi->devInfo[outputParameters->device], outputStreamInfo, &tmpClient);
+        if (hr != S_OK)
+        {
+            LogHostError(hr);
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+        }
+
+        answer = GetClosestFormat(tmpClient, sampleRate, outputParameters, shareMode, &wavex, TRUE);
+        SAFE_RELEASE(tmpClient);
+
+        if (answer != paFormatIsSupported)
+            return answer;
+    }
+
+    return paFormatIsSupported;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaUint32 _GetFramesPerHostBuffer(PaUint32 userFramesPerBuffer, PaTime suggestedLatency, double sampleRate, PaUint32 TimerJitterMs)
+{
+    PaUint32 frames = userFramesPerBuffer + max( userFramesPerBuffer, (PaUint32)(suggestedLatency * sampleRate) );
+    frames += (PaUint32)((sampleRate * 0.001) * TimerJitterMs);
+    return frames;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static void _RecalculateBuffersCount(PaWasapiSubStream *sub, UINT32 userFramesPerBuffer, UINT32 framesPerLatency,
+    BOOL fullDuplex, BOOL output)
+{
+    // Count buffers (must be at least 1)
+    sub->buffers = (userFramesPerBuffer != 0 ? framesPerLatency / userFramesPerBuffer : 1);
+    if (sub->buffers == 0)
+        sub->buffers = 1;
+
+    // Determine number of buffers used:
+    // - Full-duplex mode will lead to period difference, thus only 1
+    // - Input mode, only 1, as WASAPI allows extraction of only 1 packet
+    // - For Shared mode we use double buffering
+    if ((sub->shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE) || fullDuplex)
+    {
+        BOOL eventMode = ((sub->streamFlags & AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK) == AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK);
+
+        // Exclusive mode does not allow >1 buffers be used for Event interface, e.g. GetBuffer
+        // call must acquire max buffer size and it all must be processed.
+        if (eventMode)
+            sub->userBufferAndHostMatch = 1;
+
+        // Full-duplex or Event mode: prefer paUtilBoundedHostBufferSize because exclusive mode will starve
+        // and produce glitchy audio
+        // Output Polling mode: prefer paUtilFixedHostBufferSize (buffers != 1) for polling mode is it allows
+        // to consume user data by fixed size data chunks and thus lowers memory movement (less CPU usage)
+        if (fullDuplex || eventMode || !output)
+            sub->buffers = 1;
+    }
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static void _CalculateAlignedPeriod(PaWasapiSubStream *pSub, UINT32 *nFramesPerLatency, ALIGN_FUNC pAlignFunc)
+{
+    // Align frames to HD Audio packet size of 128 bytes for Exclusive mode only.
+    // Not aligning on Windows Vista will cause Event timeout, although Windows 7 will
+    // return AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_SIZE_NOT_ALIGNED error to realign buffer. Aligning is necessary
+    // for Exclusive mode only! when audio data is fed directly to hardware.
+    if (pSub->shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE)
+    {
+        (*nFramesPerLatency) = AlignFramesPerBuffer((*nFramesPerLatency),
+            pSub->wavex.Format.nBlockAlign, pAlignFunc);
+    }
+
+    // Calculate period
+    pSub->period = MakeHnsPeriod((*nFramesPerLatency), pSub->wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static void _CalculatePeriodicity(PaWasapiSubStream *pSub, BOOL output, REFERENCE_TIME *periodicity)
+{
+    // Note: according to Microsoft docs for IAudioClient::Initialize we can set periodicity of the buffer
+    // only for Exclusive mode. By setting periodicity almost equal to the user buffer frames we can
+    // achieve high quality (less glitchy) low-latency audio.
+    if (pSub->shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE)
+    {
+        const PaWasapiDeviceInfo *pInfo = pSub->params.device_info;
+
+        // By default periodicity equals to the full buffer (legacy PA WASAPI's behavior)
+        (*periodicity) = pSub->period;
+
+        // Try make buffer ready for I/O once we request the buffer readiness for it. Only Polling mode
+        // because for Event mode buffer size and periodicity must be equal according to Microsoft
+        // documentation for IAudioClient::Initialize.
+        //
+        // TO-DO: try spread to capture and full-duplex cases (not tested and therefore disabled)
+        //
+        if (((pSub->streamFlags & AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK) == 0) &&
+            (output && !pSub->params.full_duplex))
+        {
+            UINT32 alignedFrames;
+            REFERENCE_TIME userPeriodicity;
+
+            // Align frames backwards, so device will likely make buffer read ready when we are ready
+            // to read it (our scheduling will wait for amount of millisoconds of frames_per_buffer)
+            alignedFrames = AlignFramesPerBuffer(pSub->params.frames_per_buffer,
+                pSub->wavex.Format.nBlockAlign, ALIGN_BWD);
+
+            userPeriodicity = MakeHnsPeriod(alignedFrames, pSub->wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
+
+            // Must not be larger than buffer size
+            if (userPeriodicity > pSub->period)
+                userPeriodicity = pSub->period;
+
+            // Must not be smaller than minimum supported by the device
+            if (userPeriodicity < pInfo->MinimumDevicePeriod)
+                userPeriodicity = pInfo->MinimumDevicePeriod;
+
+            (*periodicity) = userPeriodicity;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+        (*periodicity) = 0;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static HRESULT CreateAudioClient(PaWasapiStream *pStream, PaWasapiSubStream *pSub, BOOL output, PaError *pa_error)
+{
+    PaError error;
+    HRESULT hr;
+    const PaWasapiDeviceInfo *pInfo  = pSub->params.device_info;
+    const PaStreamParameters *params = &pSub->params.stream_params;
+    const double sampleRate          = pSub->params.sample_rate;
+    const BOOL fullDuplex            = pSub->params.full_duplex;
+    const UINT32 userFramesPerBuffer = pSub->params.frames_per_buffer;
+    UINT32 framesPerLatency          = userFramesPerBuffer;
+    IAudioClient *audioClient        = NULL;
+    REFERENCE_TIME eventPeriodicity  = 0;
+
+    // Assume default failure due to some reason
+    (*pa_error) = paInvalidDevice;
+
+    // Validate parameters
+    if (!pSub || !pInfo || !params)
+    {
+        (*pa_error) = paBadStreamPtr;
+        return E_POINTER;
+    }
+    if ((UINT32)sampleRate == 0)
+    {
+        (*pa_error) = paInvalidSampleRate;
+        return E_INVALIDARG;
+    }
+
+    // Get the audio client
+    if (FAILED(hr = ActivateAudioInterface(pInfo, &pSub->params.wasapi_params, &audioClient)))
+    {
+        (*pa_error) = paInsufficientMemory;
+        LogHostError(hr);
+        goto done;
+    }
+
+    // Get closest format
+    if ((error = GetClosestFormat(audioClient, sampleRate, params, pSub->shareMode, &pSub->wavex, output)) != paFormatIsSupported)
+    {
+        (*pa_error) = error;
+        LogHostError(hr = AUDCLNT_E_UNSUPPORTED_FORMAT);
+        goto done; // fail, format not supported
+    }
+
+    // Check for Mono <<>> Stereo workaround
+    if ((params->channelCount == 1) && (pSub->wavex.Format.nChannels == 2))
+    {
+        // select mixer
+        pSub->monoMixer = GetMonoToStereoMixer(&pSub->wavex, (output ? MIX_DIR__1TO2 : MIX_DIR__2TO1_L));
+        if (pSub->monoMixer == NULL)
+        {
+            (*pa_error) = paInvalidChannelCount;
+            LogHostError(hr = AUDCLNT_E_UNSUPPORTED_FORMAT);
+            goto done; // fail, no mixer for format
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Calculate host buffer size
+    if ((pSub->shareMode != AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE) &&
+        (!pSub->streamFlags || ((pSub->streamFlags & AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK) == 0)))
+    {
+        framesPerLatency = _GetFramesPerHostBuffer(userFramesPerBuffer,
+            params->suggestedLatency, pSub->wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec, 0/*,
+            (pSub->streamFlags & AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK ? 0 : 1)*/);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+    #ifdef PA_WASAPI_FORCE_POLL_IF_LARGE_BUFFER
+        REFERENCE_TIME overall;
+    #endif
+
+        // Work 1:1 with user buffer (only polling allows to use >1)
+        framesPerLatency += MakeFramesFromHns(SecondsTonano100(params->suggestedLatency), pSub->wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
+
+        // Force Polling if overall latency is >= 21.33ms as it allows to use 100% CPU in a callback,
+        // or user specified latency parameter.
+    #ifdef PA_WASAPI_FORCE_POLL_IF_LARGE_BUFFER
+        overall = MakeHnsPeriod(framesPerLatency, pSub->wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
+        if (overall >= (106667 * 2)/*21.33ms*/)
+        {
+            framesPerLatency = _GetFramesPerHostBuffer(userFramesPerBuffer,
+                params->suggestedLatency, pSub->wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec, 0/*,
+                (streamFlags & AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK ? 0 : 1)*/);
+
+            // Use Polling interface
+            pSub->streamFlags &= ~AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK;
+            PRINT(("WASAPI: CreateAudioClient: forcing POLL mode\n"));
+        }
+    #endif
+    }
+
+    // For full-duplex output resize buffer to be the same as for input
+    if (output && fullDuplex)
+        framesPerLatency = pStream->in.framesPerHostCallback;
+
+    // Avoid 0 frames
+    if (framesPerLatency == 0)
+        framesPerLatency = MakeFramesFromHns(pInfo->DefaultDevicePeriod, pSub->wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
+
+    // Exclusive Input stream renders data in 6 packets, we must set then the size of
+    // single packet, total buffer size, e.g. required latency will be PacketSize * 6
+    if (!output && (pSub->shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE))
+    {
+        // Do it only for Polling mode
+        if ((pSub->streamFlags & AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK) == 0)
+            framesPerLatency /= WASAPI_PACKETS_PER_INPUT_BUFFER;
+    }
+
+    // Calculate aligned period
+    _CalculateAlignedPeriod(pSub, &framesPerLatency, ALIGN_BWD);
+
+    /*! Enforce min/max period for device in Shared mode to avoid bad audio quality.
+        Avoid doing so for Exclusive mode as alignment will suffer.
+    */
+    if (pSub->shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_SHARED)
+    {
+        if (pSub->period < pInfo->DefaultDevicePeriod)
+        {
+            pSub->period = pInfo->DefaultDevicePeriod;
+
+            // Recalculate aligned period
+            framesPerLatency = MakeFramesFromHns(pSub->period, pSub->wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
+            _CalculateAlignedPeriod(pSub, &framesPerLatency, ALIGN_BWD);
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if (pSub->period < pInfo->MinimumDevicePeriod)
+        {
+            pSub->period = pInfo->MinimumDevicePeriod;
+
+            // Recalculate aligned period
+            framesPerLatency = MakeFramesFromHns(pSub->period, pSub->wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
+            _CalculateAlignedPeriod(pSub, &framesPerLatency, ALIGN_FWD);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*! Windows 7 does not allow to set latency lower than minimal device period and will
+        return error: AUDCLNT_E_INVALID_DEVICE_PERIOD. Under Vista we enforce the same behavior
+        manually for unified behavior on all platforms.
+    */
+    {
+        /*!    AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_SIZE_ERROR: Applies to Windows 7 and later.
+            Indicates that the buffer duration value requested by an exclusive-mode client is
+            out of range. The requested duration value for pull mode must not be greater than
+            500 milliseconds; for push mode the duration value must not be greater than 2 seconds.
+        */
+        if (pSub->shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE)
+        {
+            static const REFERENCE_TIME MAX_BUFFER_EVENT_DURATION = 500  * 10000;
+            static const REFERENCE_TIME MAX_BUFFER_POLL_DURATION  = 2000 * 10000;
+
+            // Pull mode, max 500ms
+            if (pSub->streamFlags & AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK)
+            {
+                if (pSub->period > MAX_BUFFER_EVENT_DURATION)
+                {
+                    pSub->period = MAX_BUFFER_EVENT_DURATION;
+
+                    // Recalculate aligned period
+                    framesPerLatency = MakeFramesFromHns(pSub->period, pSub->wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
+                    _CalculateAlignedPeriod(pSub, &framesPerLatency, ALIGN_BWD);
+                }
+            }
+            // Push mode, max 2000ms
+            else
+            {
+                if (pSub->period > MAX_BUFFER_POLL_DURATION)
+                {
+                    pSub->period = MAX_BUFFER_POLL_DURATION;
+
+                    // Recalculate aligned period
+                    framesPerLatency = MakeFramesFromHns(pSub->period, pSub->wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
+                    _CalculateAlignedPeriod(pSub, &framesPerLatency, ALIGN_BWD);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Set device scheduling period (always 0 in Shared mode according to Microsoft docs)
+    _CalculatePeriodicity(pSub, output, &eventPeriodicity);
+
+    // Open the stream and associate it with an audio session
+    hr = IAudioClient_Initialize(audioClient,
+        pSub->shareMode,
+        pSub->streamFlags,
+        pSub->period,
+        eventPeriodicity,
+        &pSub->wavex.Format,
+        NULL);
+
+    // [Output only] Check if buffer size is the one we requested in Exclusive mode, for UAC1 USB DACs WASAPI
+    // can allocate internal buffer equal to 8 times of pSub->period that has to be corrected in order to match
+    // the requested latency
+    if (output && SUCCEEDED(hr) && (pSub->shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE))
+    {
+        UINT32 maxBufferFrames;
+
+        if (FAILED(hr = IAudioClient_GetBufferSize(audioClient, &maxBufferFrames)))
+        {
+            (*pa_error) = paInvalidDevice;
+            LogHostError(hr);
+            goto done;
+        }
+
+        // For Exclusive mode for UAC1 devices maxBufferFrames may be framesPerLatency * 8 but check any difference
+        // to be able to guarantee the latency user requested and also resulted framesPerLatency may be bigger than
+        // 2 seconds that will cause audio client not operational (GetCurrentPadding() will return always 0)
+        if (maxBufferFrames >= (framesPerLatency * 2))
+        {
+            UINT32 ratio = maxBufferFrames / framesPerLatency;
+
+            PRINT(("WASAPI: CreateAudioClient: detected %d times larger buffer than requested, correct to match user latency\n", ratio));
+
+            // Get new aligned frames lowered by calculated ratio
+            framesPerLatency = MakeFramesFromHns(pSub->period / ratio, pSub->wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
+            _CalculateAlignedPeriod(pSub, &framesPerLatency, ALIGN_BWD);
+
+            // Make sure we are not below the minimum period
+            if (pSub->period < pInfo->MinimumDevicePeriod)
+                pSub->period = pInfo->MinimumDevicePeriod;
+
+            // Release previous client
+            SAFE_RELEASE(audioClient);
+
+            // Create a new audio client
+            if (FAILED(hr = ActivateAudioInterface(pInfo, &pSub->params.wasapi_params, &audioClient)))
+            {
+                (*pa_error) = paInsufficientMemory;
+                LogHostError(hr);
+                goto done;
+            }
+
+            // Set device scheduling period (always 0 in Shared mode according to Microsoft docs)
+            _CalculatePeriodicity(pSub, output, &eventPeriodicity);
+
+            // Open the stream and associate it with an audio session
+            hr = IAudioClient_Initialize(audioClient,
+                pSub->shareMode,
+                pSub->streamFlags,
+                pSub->period,
+                eventPeriodicity,
+                &pSub->wavex.Format,
+                NULL);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*! WASAPI is tricky on large device buffer, sometimes 2000ms can be allocated sometimes
+        less. There is no known guaranteed level thus we make subsequent tries by decreasing
+        buffer by 100ms per try.
+    */
+    while ((hr == E_OUTOFMEMORY) && (pSub->period > (100 * 10000)))
+    {
+        PRINT(("WASAPI: CreateAudioClient: decreasing buffer size to %d milliseconds\n", (pSub->period / 10000)));
+
+        // Decrease by 100ms and try again
+        pSub->period -= (100 * 10000);
+
+        // Recalculate aligned period
+        framesPerLatency = MakeFramesFromHns(pSub->period, pSub->wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
+        _CalculateAlignedPeriod(pSub, &framesPerLatency, ALIGN_BWD);
+
+        // Release the previous allocations
+        SAFE_RELEASE(audioClient);
+
+        // Create a new audio client
+        if (FAILED(hr = ActivateAudioInterface(pInfo, &pSub->params.wasapi_params, &audioClient)))
+        {
+            (*pa_error) = paInsufficientMemory;
+            LogHostError(hr);
+            goto done;
+        }
+
+        // Set device scheduling period (always 0 in Shared mode according to Microsoft docs)
+        _CalculatePeriodicity(pSub, output, &eventPeriodicity);
+
+        // Open the stream and associate it with an audio session
+        hr = IAudioClient_Initialize(audioClient,
+            pSub->shareMode,
+            pSub->streamFlags,
+            pSub->period,
+            eventPeriodicity,
+            &pSub->wavex.Format,
+            NULL);
+    }
+
+    /*! WASAPI buffer size or alignment failure. Fallback to using default size and alignment.
+    */
+    if ((hr == AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_SIZE_ERROR) || (hr == AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_SIZE_NOT_ALIGNED))
+    {
+        // Use default
+        pSub->period = pInfo->DefaultDevicePeriod;
+
+        PRINT(("WASAPI: CreateAudioClient: correcting buffer size/alignment to device default\n"));
+
+        // Release the previous allocations
+        SAFE_RELEASE(audioClient);
+
+        // Create a new audio client
+        if (FAILED(hr = ActivateAudioInterface(pInfo, &pSub->params.wasapi_params, &audioClient)))
+        {
+            (*pa_error) = paInsufficientMemory;
+            LogHostError(hr);
+            goto done;
+        }
+
+        // Set device scheduling period (always 0 in Shared mode according to Microsoft docs)
+        _CalculatePeriodicity(pSub, output, &eventPeriodicity);
+
+        // Open the stream and associate it with an audio session
+        hr = IAudioClient_Initialize(audioClient,
+            pSub->shareMode,
+            pSub->streamFlags,
+            pSub->period,
+            eventPeriodicity,
+            &pSub->wavex.Format,
+            NULL);
+    }
+
+    // Error has no workaround, fail completely
+    if (FAILED(hr))
+    {
+        (*pa_error) = paInvalidDevice;
+        LogHostError(hr);
+        goto done;
+    }
+
+    // Set client
+    pSub->clientParent = audioClient;
+    IAudioClient_AddRef(pSub->clientParent);
+
+    // Recalculate buffers count
+    _RecalculateBuffersCount(pSub, userFramesPerBuffer, MakeFramesFromHns(pSub->period, pSub->wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec),
+        fullDuplex, output);
+
+    // No error, client is successfully created
+    (*pa_error) = paNoError;
+
+done:
+
+    // Clean up
+    SAFE_RELEASE(audioClient);
+    return hr;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaError ActivateAudioClientOutput(PaWasapiStream *stream)
+{
+    HRESULT hr;
+    PaError result;
+    UINT32 maxBufferSize;
+    PaTime bufferLatency;
+    const UINT32 framesPerBuffer = stream->out.params.frames_per_buffer;
+
+    // Create Audio client
+    if (FAILED(hr = CreateAudioClient(stream, &stream->out, TRUE, &result)))
+    {
+        LogPaError(result);
+        goto error;
+    }
+    LogWAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE(&stream->out.wavex);
+
+    // Activate volume
+    stream->outVol = NULL;
+    /*hr = info->device->Activate(
+        __uuidof(IAudioEndpointVolume), CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, NULL,
+        (void**)&stream->outVol);
+    if (hr != S_OK)
+        return paInvalidDevice;*/
+
+    // Get max possible buffer size to check if it is not less than that we request
+    if (FAILED(hr = IAudioClient_GetBufferSize(stream->out.clientParent, &maxBufferSize)))
+    {
+        LogHostError(hr);
+        LogPaError(result = paInvalidDevice);
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    // Correct buffer to max size if it maxed out result of GetBufferSize
+    stream->out.bufferSize = maxBufferSize;
+
+    // Number of frames that are required at each period
+    stream->out.framesPerHostCallback = maxBufferSize;
+
+    // Calculate frames per single buffer, if buffers > 1 then always framesPerBuffer
+    stream->out.framesPerBuffer =
+        (stream->out.userBufferAndHostMatch ? stream->out.framesPerHostCallback : framesPerBuffer);
+
+    // Calculate buffer latency
+    bufferLatency = (PaTime)maxBufferSize / stream->out.wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec;
+
+    // Append buffer latency to interface latency in shared mode (see GetStreamLatency notes)
+    stream->out.latencySeconds = bufferLatency;
+
+    PRINT(("WASAPI::OpenStream(output): framesPerUser[ %d ] framesPerHost[ %d ] latency[ %.02fms ] exclusive[ %s ] wow64_fix[ %s ] mode[ %s ]\n", (UINT32)framesPerBuffer, (UINT32)stream->out.framesPerHostCallback, (float)(stream->out.latencySeconds*1000.0f), (stream->out.shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE ? "YES" : "NO"), (stream->out.params.wow64_workaround ? "YES" : "NO"), (stream->out.streamFlags & AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK ? "EVENT" : "POLL")));
+
+    return paNoError;
+
+error:
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaError ActivateAudioClientInput(PaWasapiStream *stream)
+{
+    HRESULT hr;
+    PaError result;
+    UINT32 maxBufferSize;
+    PaTime bufferLatency;
+    const UINT32 framesPerBuffer = stream->in.params.frames_per_buffer;
+
+    // Create Audio client
+    if (FAILED(hr = CreateAudioClient(stream, &stream->in, FALSE, &result)))
+    {
+        LogPaError(result);
+        goto error;
+    }
+    LogWAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE(&stream->in.wavex);
+
+    // Create volume mgr
+    stream->inVol = NULL;
+    /*hr = info->device->Activate(
+        __uuidof(IAudioEndpointVolume), CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, NULL,
+        (void**)&stream->inVol);
+    if (hr != S_OK)
+        return paInvalidDevice;*/
+
+    // Get max possible buffer size to check if it is not less than that we request
+    if (FAILED(hr = IAudioClient_GetBufferSize(stream->in.clientParent, &maxBufferSize)))
+    {
+        LogHostError(hr);
+        LogPaError(result = paInvalidDevice);
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    // Correct buffer to max size if it maxed out result of GetBufferSize
+    stream->in.bufferSize = maxBufferSize;
+
+    // Get interface latency (actually unneeded as we calculate latency from the size
+    // of maxBufferSize).
+    if (FAILED(hr = IAudioClient_GetStreamLatency(stream->in.clientParent, &stream->in.deviceLatency)))
+    {
+        LogHostError(hr);
+        LogPaError(result = paInvalidDevice);
+        goto error;
+    }
+    //stream->in.latencySeconds = nano100ToSeconds(stream->in.deviceLatency);
+
+    // Number of frames that are required at each period
+    stream->in.framesPerHostCallback = maxBufferSize;
+
+    // Calculate frames per single buffer, if buffers > 1 then always framesPerBuffer
+    stream->in.framesPerBuffer =
+        (stream->in.userBufferAndHostMatch ? stream->in.framesPerHostCallback : framesPerBuffer);
+
+    // Calculate buffer latency
+    bufferLatency = (PaTime)maxBufferSize / stream->in.wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec;
+
+    // Append buffer latency to interface latency in shared mode (see GetStreamLatency notes)
+    stream->in.latencySeconds = bufferLatency;
+
+    PRINT(("WASAPI::OpenStream(input): framesPerUser[ %d ] framesPerHost[ %d ] latency[ %.02fms ] exclusive[ %s ] wow64_fix[ %s ] mode[ %s ]\n", (UINT32)framesPerBuffer, (UINT32)stream->in.framesPerHostCallback, (float)(stream->in.latencySeconds*1000.0f), (stream->in.shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE ? "YES" : "NO"), (stream->in.params.wow64_workaround ? "YES" : "NO"), (stream->in.streamFlags & AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK ? "EVENT" : "POLL")));
+
+    return paNoError;
+
+error:
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaError OpenStream( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                           PaStream** s,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                           double sampleRate,
+                           unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                           PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                           PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                           void *userData )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    HRESULT hr;
+    PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation *paWasapi = (PaWasapiHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    PaWasapiStream *stream = NULL;
+    int inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount;
+    PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat, outputSampleFormat;
+    PaSampleFormat hostInputSampleFormat, hostOutputSampleFormat;
+    PaWasapiStreamInfo *inputStreamInfo = NULL, *outputStreamInfo = NULL;
+    PaWasapiDeviceInfo *info = NULL;
+    ULONG framesPerHostCallback;
+    PaUtilHostBufferSizeMode bufferMode;
+    const BOOL fullDuplex = ((inputParameters != NULL) && (outputParameters != NULL));
+    BOOL useInputBufferProcessor = (inputParameters != NULL), useOutputBufferProcessor = (outputParameters != NULL);
+
+    // validate PaStreamParameters
+    if ((result = IsStreamParamsValid(hostApi, inputParameters, outputParameters, sampleRate)) != paNoError)
+        return LogPaError(result);
+
+    // Validate platform specific flags
+    if ((streamFlags & paPlatformSpecificFlags) != 0)
+    {
+        LogPaError(result = paInvalidFlag); /* unexpected platform specific flag */
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    // Allocate memory for PaWasapiStream
+    if ((stream = (PaWasapiStream *)PaUtil_AllocateMemory(sizeof(PaWasapiStream))) == NULL)
+    {
+        LogPaError(result = paInsufficientMemory);
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    // Set stream state
+    stream->isActive  = FALSE;
+    stream->isStopped = TRUE;
+
+    // Default thread priority is Audio: for exclusive mode we will use Pro Audio.
+    stream->nThreadPriority = eThreadPriorityAudio;
+
+    // Set default number of frames: paFramesPerBufferUnspecified
+    if (framesPerBuffer == paFramesPerBufferUnspecified)
+    {
+        UINT32 framesPerBufferIn  = 0, framesPerBufferOut = 0;
+        if (inputParameters != NULL)
+        {
+            info = &paWasapi->devInfo[inputParameters->device];
+            framesPerBufferIn = MakeFramesFromHns(info->DefaultDevicePeriod, (UINT32)sampleRate);
+        }
+        if (outputParameters != NULL)
+        {
+            info = &paWasapi->devInfo[outputParameters->device];
+            framesPerBufferOut = MakeFramesFromHns(info->DefaultDevicePeriod, (UINT32)sampleRate);
+        }
+        // choosing maximum default size
+        framesPerBuffer = max(framesPerBufferIn, framesPerBufferOut);
+    }
+    if (framesPerBuffer == 0)
+        framesPerBuffer = ((UINT32)sampleRate / 100) * 2;
+
+    // Try create device: Input
+    if (inputParameters != NULL)
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = inputParameters->channelCount;
+        inputSampleFormat = GetSampleFormatForIO(inputParameters->sampleFormat);
+        info              = &paWasapi->devInfo[inputParameters->device];
+
+        // default Shared Mode
+        stream->in.shareMode = AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_SHARED;
+
+        // PaWasapiStreamInfo
+        if (inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo != NULL)
+        {
+            memcpy(&stream->in.params.wasapi_params, inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo, min(sizeof(stream->in.params.wasapi_params), ((PaWasapiStreamInfo *)inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo)->size));
+            stream->in.params.wasapi_params.size = sizeof(stream->in.params.wasapi_params);
+
+            stream->in.params.stream_params.hostApiSpecificStreamInfo = &stream->in.params.wasapi_params;
+            inputStreamInfo = &stream->in.params.wasapi_params;
+
+            stream->in.flags = inputStreamInfo->flags;
+
+            // Exclusive Mode
+            if (inputStreamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiExclusive)
+            {
+                // Boost thread priority
+                stream->nThreadPriority = eThreadPriorityProAudio;
+                // Make Exclusive
+                stream->in.shareMode = AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE;
+            }
+
+            // explicit thread priority level
+            if (inputStreamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiThreadPriority)
+            {
+                if ((inputStreamInfo->threadPriority > eThreadPriorityNone) &&
+                    (inputStreamInfo->threadPriority <= eThreadPriorityWindowManager))
+                    stream->nThreadPriority = inputStreamInfo->threadPriority;
+            }
+
+            // redirect processing to custom user callback, ignore PA buffer processor
+            useInputBufferProcessor = !(inputStreamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiRedirectHostProcessor);
+        }
+
+        // Choose processing mode
+        stream->in.streamFlags = (stream->in.shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE ? AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK : 0);
+        if (paWasapi->useWOW64Workaround)
+            stream->in.streamFlags = 0; // polling interface
+        else
+        if (streamCallback == NULL)
+            stream->in.streamFlags = 0; // polling interface
+        else
+        if ((inputStreamInfo != NULL) && (inputStreamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiPolling))
+            stream->in.streamFlags = 0; // polling interface
+        else
+        if (fullDuplex)
+            stream->in.streamFlags = 0; // polling interface is implemented for full-duplex mode also
+
+        // Use built-in PCM converter (channel count and sample rate) if requested
+        if ((GetWindowsVersion() >= WINDOWS_7_SERVER2008R2) &&
+            (stream->in.shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_SHARED) &&
+            ((inputStreamInfo != NULL) && (inputStreamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiAutoConvert)))
+            stream->in.streamFlags |= (AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_AUTOCONVERTPCM | AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_SRC_DEFAULT_QUALITY);
+
+        // Loopback device is a real output device, so we open stream with AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_LOOPBACK
+        // flag to make it work as input device
+        if (info->loopBack)
+            stream->in.streamFlags |= AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_LOOPBACK;
+
+        // Fill parameters for Audio Client creation
+        stream->in.params.device_info       = info;
+        stream->in.params.stream_params     = (*inputParameters);
+        stream->in.params.frames_per_buffer = framesPerBuffer;
+        stream->in.params.sample_rate       = sampleRate;
+        stream->in.params.blocking          = (streamCallback == NULL);
+        stream->in.params.full_duplex       = fullDuplex;
+        stream->in.params.wow64_workaround  = paWasapi->useWOW64Workaround;
+
+        // Create and activate audio client
+        if ((result = ActivateAudioClientInput(stream)) != paNoError)
+        {
+            LogPaError(result);
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        // Get closest format
+        hostInputSampleFormat = PaUtil_SelectClosestAvailableFormat(WaveToPaFormat(&stream->in.wavex), inputSampleFormat);
+
+        // Set user-side custom host processor
+        if ((inputStreamInfo != NULL) &&
+            (inputStreamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiRedirectHostProcessor))
+        {
+            stream->hostProcessOverrideInput.processor = inputStreamInfo->hostProcessorInput;
+            stream->hostProcessOverrideInput.userData = userData;
+        }
+
+        // Only get IAudioCaptureClient input once here instead of getting it at multiple places based on the use
+        if (FAILED(hr = IAudioClient_GetService(stream->in.clientParent, &pa_IID_IAudioCaptureClient, (void **)&stream->captureClientParent)))
+        {
+            LogHostError(hr);
+            LogPaError(result = paUnanticipatedHostError);
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        // Create ring buffer for blocking mode (It is needed because we fetch Input packets, not frames,
+        // and thus we have to save partial packet if such remains unread)
+        if (stream->in.params.blocking == TRUE)
+        {
+            UINT32 bufferFrames = ALIGN_NEXT_POW2((stream->in.framesPerHostCallback / WASAPI_PACKETS_PER_INPUT_BUFFER) * 2);
+            UINT32 frameSize    = stream->in.wavex.Format.nBlockAlign;
+
+            // buffer
+            if ((stream->in.tailBuffer = PaUtil_AllocateMemory(sizeof(PaUtilRingBuffer))) == NULL)
+            {
+                LogPaError(result = paInsufficientMemory);
+                goto error;
+            }
+            memset(stream->in.tailBuffer, 0, sizeof(PaUtilRingBuffer));
+
+            // buffer memory region
+            stream->in.tailBufferMemory = PaUtil_AllocateMemory(frameSize * bufferFrames);
+            if (stream->in.tailBufferMemory == NULL)
+            {
+                LogPaError(result = paInsufficientMemory);
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            // initialize
+            if (PaUtil_InitializeRingBuffer(stream->in.tailBuffer, frameSize, bufferFrames,    stream->in.tailBufferMemory) != 0)
+            {
+                LogPaError(result = paInternalError);
+                goto error;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = 0;
+        inputSampleFormat = hostInputSampleFormat = paInt16; /* Suppress 'uninitialised var' warnings. */
+    }
+
+    // Try create device: Output
+    if (outputParameters != NULL)
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = outputParameters->channelCount;
+        outputSampleFormat = GetSampleFormatForIO(outputParameters->sampleFormat);
+        info               = &paWasapi->devInfo[outputParameters->device];
+
+        // default Shared Mode
+        stream->out.shareMode = AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_SHARED;
+
+        // set PaWasapiStreamInfo
+        if (outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo != NULL)
+        {
+            memcpy(&stream->out.params.wasapi_params, outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo, min(sizeof(stream->out.params.wasapi_params), ((PaWasapiStreamInfo *)outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo)->size));
+            stream->out.params.wasapi_params.size = sizeof(stream->out.params.wasapi_params);
+
+            stream->out.params.stream_params.hostApiSpecificStreamInfo = &stream->out.params.wasapi_params;
+            outputStreamInfo = &stream->out.params.wasapi_params;
+
+            stream->out.flags = outputStreamInfo->flags;
+
+            // Exclusive Mode
+            if (outputStreamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiExclusive)
+            {
+                // Boost thread priority
+                stream->nThreadPriority = eThreadPriorityProAudio;
+                // Make Exclusive
+                stream->out.shareMode = AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE;
+            }
+
+            // explicit thread priority level
+            if (outputStreamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiThreadPriority)
+            {
+                if ((outputStreamInfo->threadPriority > eThreadPriorityNone) &&
+                    (outputStreamInfo->threadPriority <= eThreadPriorityWindowManager))
+                    stream->nThreadPriority = outputStreamInfo->threadPriority;
+            }
+
+            // redirect processing to custom user callback, ignore PA buffer processor
+            useOutputBufferProcessor = !(outputStreamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiRedirectHostProcessor);
+        }
+
+        // Choose processing mode
+        stream->out.streamFlags = (stream->out.shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE ? AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK : 0);
+        if (paWasapi->useWOW64Workaround)
+            stream->out.streamFlags = 0; // polling interface
+        else
+        if (streamCallback == NULL)
+            stream->out.streamFlags = 0; // polling interface
+        else
+        if ((outputStreamInfo != NULL) && (outputStreamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiPolling))
+            stream->out.streamFlags = 0; // polling interface
+        else
+        if (fullDuplex)
+            stream->out.streamFlags = 0; // polling interface is implemented for full-duplex mode also
+
+        // Use built-in PCM converter (channel count and sample rate) if requested
+        if ((GetWindowsVersion() >= WINDOWS_7_SERVER2008R2) &&
+            (stream->out.shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_SHARED) &&
+            ((outputStreamInfo != NULL) && (outputStreamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiAutoConvert)))
+            stream->out.streamFlags |= (AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_AUTOCONVERTPCM | AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_SRC_DEFAULT_QUALITY);
+
+        // Fill parameters for Audio Client creation
+        stream->out.params.device_info       = info;
+        stream->out.params.stream_params     = (*outputParameters);
+        stream->out.params.frames_per_buffer = framesPerBuffer;
+        stream->out.params.sample_rate       = sampleRate;
+        stream->out.params.blocking          = (streamCallback == NULL);
+        stream->out.params.full_duplex       = fullDuplex;
+        stream->out.params.wow64_workaround  = paWasapi->useWOW64Workaround;
+
+        // Create and activate audio client
+        if ((result = ActivateAudioClientOutput(stream)) != paNoError)
+        {
+            LogPaError(result);
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        // Get closest format
+        hostOutputSampleFormat = PaUtil_SelectClosestAvailableFormat(WaveToPaFormat(&stream->out.wavex), outputSampleFormat);
+
+        // Set user-side custom host processor
+        if ((outputStreamInfo != NULL) &&
+            (outputStreamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiRedirectHostProcessor))
+        {
+            stream->hostProcessOverrideOutput.processor = outputStreamInfo->hostProcessorOutput;
+            stream->hostProcessOverrideOutput.userData = userData;
+        }
+
+        // Only get IAudioCaptureClient output once here instead of getting it at multiple places based on the use
+        if (FAILED(hr = IAudioClient_GetService(stream->out.clientParent, &pa_IID_IAudioRenderClient, (void **)&stream->renderClientParent)))
+        {
+            LogHostError(hr);
+            LogPaError(result = paUnanticipatedHostError);
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = 0;
+        outputSampleFormat = hostOutputSampleFormat = paInt16; /* Suppress 'uninitialized var' warnings. */
+    }
+
+    // log full-duplex
+    if (fullDuplex)
+        PRINT(("WASAPI::OpenStream: full-duplex mode\n"));
+
+    // paWinWasapiPolling must be on/or not on both streams
+    if ((inputParameters != NULL) && (outputParameters != NULL))
+    {
+        if ((inputStreamInfo != NULL) && (outputStreamInfo != NULL))
+        {
+            if (((inputStreamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiPolling) &&
+                !(outputStreamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiPolling))
+                ||
+                (!(inputStreamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiPolling) &&
+                 (outputStreamInfo->flags & paWinWasapiPolling)))
+            {
+                LogPaError(result = paInvalidFlag);
+                goto error;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Initialize stream representation
+    if (streamCallback)
+    {
+        stream->isBlocking = FALSE;
+        PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation(&stream->streamRepresentation,
+                                              &paWasapi->callbackStreamInterface,
+                                              streamCallback, userData);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        stream->isBlocking = TRUE;
+        PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation(&stream->streamRepresentation,
+                                              &paWasapi->blockingStreamInterface,
+                                              streamCallback, userData);
+    }
+
+    // Initialize CPU measurer
+    PaUtil_InitializeCpuLoadMeasurer(&stream->cpuLoadMeasurer, sampleRate);
+
+    if (outputParameters && inputParameters)
+    {
+        // serious problem #1 - No, Not a problem, especially concerning Exclusive mode.
+        // Input device in exclusive mode somehow is getting large buffer always, thus we
+        // adjust Output latency to reflect it, thus period will differ but playback will be
+        // normal.
+        /*if (stream->in.period != stream->out.period)
+        {
+            PRINT(("WASAPI: OpenStream: period discrepancy\n"));
+            LogPaError(result = paBadIODeviceCombination);
+            goto error;
+        }*/
+
+        // serious problem #2 - No, Not a problem, as framesPerHostCallback take into account
+        // sample size while it is not a problem for PA full-duplex, we must care of
+        // period only!
+        /*if (stream->out.framesPerHostCallback != stream->in.framesPerHostCallback)
+        {
+            PRINT(("WASAPI: OpenStream: framesPerHostCallback discrepancy\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }*/
+    }
+
+    // Calculate frames per host for processor
+    framesPerHostCallback = (outputParameters ? stream->out.framesPerBuffer : stream->in.framesPerBuffer);
+
+    // Choose correct mode of buffer processing:
+    // Exclusive/Shared non paWinWasapiPolling mode: paUtilFixedHostBufferSize - always fixed
+    // Exclusive/Shared paWinWasapiPolling mode: paUtilBoundedHostBufferSize - may vary for Exclusive or Full-duplex
+    bufferMode = paUtilFixedHostBufferSize;
+    if (inputParameters) // !!! WASAPI IAudioCaptureClient::GetBuffer extracts not number of frames but 1 packet, thus we always must adapt
+        bufferMode = paUtilBoundedHostBufferSize;
+    else
+    if (outputParameters)
+    {
+        if ((stream->out.buffers == 1) &&
+            (!stream->out.streamFlags || ((stream->out.streamFlags & AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK) == 0)))
+            bufferMode = paUtilBoundedHostBufferSize;
+    }
+    stream->bufferMode = bufferMode;
+
+    // Initialize buffer processor
+    if (useInputBufferProcessor || useOutputBufferProcessor)
+    {
+        result =  PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor(
+            &stream->bufferProcessor,
+            inputChannelCount,
+            inputSampleFormat,
+            hostInputSampleFormat,
+            outputChannelCount,
+            outputSampleFormat,
+            hostOutputSampleFormat,
+            sampleRate,
+            streamFlags,
+            framesPerBuffer,
+            framesPerHostCallback,
+            bufferMode,
+            streamCallback,
+            userData);
+        if (result != paNoError)
+        {
+            LogPaError(result);
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Set Input latency
+    stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.inputLatency =
+            (useInputBufferProcessor ? PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor) / sampleRate : 0)
+            + (inputParameters != NULL ? stream->in.latencySeconds : 0);
+
+    // Set Output latency
+    stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency =
+            (useOutputBufferProcessor ? PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor) / sampleRate : 0)
+            + (outputParameters != NULL ? stream->out.latencySeconds : 0);
+
+    // Set SR
+    stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate = sampleRate;
+
+    (*s) = (PaStream *)stream;
+    return result;
+
+error:
+
+    if (stream != NULL)
+        CloseStream(stream);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaError CloseStream( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaWasapiStream *stream = (PaWasapiStream*)s;
+
+    // abort active stream
+    if (IsStreamActive(s))
+    {
+        result = AbortStream(s);
+    }
+
+    SAFE_RELEASE(stream->captureClientParent);
+    SAFE_RELEASE(stream->renderClientParent);
+    SAFE_RELEASE(stream->out.clientParent);
+    SAFE_RELEASE(stream->in.clientParent);
+    SAFE_RELEASE(stream->inVol);
+    SAFE_RELEASE(stream->outVol);
+
+    CloseHandle(stream->event[S_INPUT]);
+    CloseHandle(stream->event[S_OUTPUT]);
+
+    _StreamCleanup(stream);
+
+    PaWasapi_FreeMemory(stream->in.monoBuffer);
+    PaWasapi_FreeMemory(stream->out.monoBuffer);
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory(stream->in.tailBuffer);
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory(stream->in.tailBufferMemory);
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory(stream->out.tailBuffer);
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory(stream->out.tailBufferMemory);
+
+    PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor(&stream->bufferProcessor);
+    PaUtil_TerminateStreamRepresentation(&stream->streamRepresentation);
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory(stream);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+HRESULT UnmarshalSubStreamComPointers(PaWasapiSubStream *substream)
+{
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    HRESULT hResult = S_OK;
+    HRESULT hFirstBadResult = S_OK;
+    substream->clientProc = NULL;
+
+    // IAudioClient
+    hResult = CoGetInterfaceAndReleaseStream(substream->clientStream, GetAudioClientIID(), (LPVOID*)&substream->clientProc);
+    substream->clientStream = NULL;
+    if (hResult != S_OK)
+    {
+        hFirstBadResult = (hFirstBadResult == S_OK) ? hResult : hFirstBadResult;
+    }
+
+    return hFirstBadResult;
+
+#else
+    (void)substream;
+    return S_OK;
+#endif
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+HRESULT UnmarshalStreamComPointers(PaWasapiStream *stream)
+{
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    HRESULT hResult = S_OK;
+    HRESULT hFirstBadResult = S_OK;
+    stream->captureClient = NULL;
+    stream->renderClient = NULL;
+    stream->in.clientProc = NULL;
+    stream->out.clientProc = NULL;
+
+    if (NULL != stream->in.clientParent)
+    {
+        // SubStream pointers
+        hResult = UnmarshalSubStreamComPointers(&stream->in);
+        if (hResult != S_OK)
+        {
+            hFirstBadResult = (hFirstBadResult == S_OK) ? hResult : hFirstBadResult;
+        }
+
+        // IAudioCaptureClient
+        hResult = CoGetInterfaceAndReleaseStream(stream->captureClientStream, &pa_IID_IAudioCaptureClient, (LPVOID*)&stream->captureClient);
+        stream->captureClientStream = NULL;
+        if (hResult != S_OK)
+        {
+            hFirstBadResult = (hFirstBadResult == S_OK) ? hResult : hFirstBadResult;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (NULL != stream->out.clientParent)
+    {
+        // SubStream pointers
+        hResult = UnmarshalSubStreamComPointers(&stream->out);
+        if (hResult != S_OK)
+        {
+            hFirstBadResult = (hFirstBadResult == S_OK) ? hResult : hFirstBadResult;
+        }
+
+        // IAudioRenderClient
+        hResult = CoGetInterfaceAndReleaseStream(stream->renderClientStream, &pa_IID_IAudioRenderClient, (LPVOID*)&stream->renderClient);
+        stream->renderClientStream = NULL;
+        if (hResult != S_OK)
+        {
+            hFirstBadResult = (hFirstBadResult == S_OK) ? hResult : hFirstBadResult;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return hFirstBadResult;
+#else
+    if (stream->in.clientParent != NULL)
+    {
+        stream->in.clientProc = stream->in.clientParent;
+        IAudioClient_AddRef(stream->in.clientParent);
+    }
+
+    if (stream->out.clientParent != NULL)
+    {
+        stream->out.clientProc = stream->out.clientParent;
+        IAudioClient_AddRef(stream->out.clientParent);
+    }
+
+    if (stream->renderClientParent != NULL)
+    {
+        stream->renderClient = stream->renderClientParent;
+        IAudioRenderClient_AddRef(stream->renderClientParent);
+    }
+
+    if (stream->captureClientParent != NULL)
+    {
+        stream->captureClient = stream->captureClientParent;
+        IAudioCaptureClient_AddRef(stream->captureClientParent);
+    }
+
+    return S_OK;
+#endif
+}
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void ReleaseUnmarshaledSubComPointers(PaWasapiSubStream *substream)
+{
+    SAFE_RELEASE(substream->clientProc);
+}
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void ReleaseUnmarshaledComPointers(PaWasapiStream *stream)
+{
+    // Release AudioClient services first
+    SAFE_RELEASE(stream->captureClient);
+    SAFE_RELEASE(stream->renderClient);
+
+    // Release AudioClients
+    ReleaseUnmarshaledSubComPointers(&stream->in);
+    ReleaseUnmarshaledSubComPointers(&stream->out);
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+HRESULT MarshalSubStreamComPointers(PaWasapiSubStream *substream)
+{
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    HRESULT hResult;
+    substream->clientStream = NULL;
+
+    // IAudioClient
+    hResult = CoMarshalInterThreadInterfaceInStream(GetAudioClientIID(), (LPUNKNOWN)substream->clientParent, &substream->clientStream);
+    if (hResult != S_OK)
+        goto marshal_sub_error;
+
+    return hResult;
+
+    // If marshaling error occurred, make sure to release everything.
+marshal_sub_error:
+
+    UnmarshalSubStreamComPointers(substream);
+    ReleaseUnmarshaledSubComPointers(substream);
+    return hResult;
+#else
+    (void)substream;
+    return S_OK;
+#endif
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+HRESULT MarshalStreamComPointers(PaWasapiStream *stream)
+{
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    HRESULT hResult = S_OK;
+    stream->captureClientStream = NULL;
+    stream->in.clientStream = NULL;
+    stream->renderClientStream = NULL;
+    stream->out.clientStream = NULL;
+
+    if (NULL != stream->in.clientParent)
+    {
+        // SubStream pointers
+        hResult = MarshalSubStreamComPointers(&stream->in);
+        if (hResult != S_OK)
+            goto marshal_error;
+
+        // IAudioCaptureClient
+        hResult = CoMarshalInterThreadInterfaceInStream(&pa_IID_IAudioCaptureClient, (LPUNKNOWN)stream->captureClientParent, &stream->captureClientStream);
+        if (hResult != S_OK)
+            goto marshal_error;
+    }
+
+    if (NULL != stream->out.clientParent)
+    {
+        // SubStream pointers
+        hResult = MarshalSubStreamComPointers(&stream->out);
+        if (hResult != S_OK)
+            goto marshal_error;
+
+        // IAudioRenderClient
+        hResult = CoMarshalInterThreadInterfaceInStream(&pa_IID_IAudioRenderClient, (LPUNKNOWN)stream->renderClientParent, &stream->renderClientStream);
+        if (hResult != S_OK)
+            goto marshal_error;
+    }
+
+    return hResult;
+
+    // If marshaling error occurred, make sure to release everything.
+marshal_error:
+
+    UnmarshalStreamComPointers(stream);
+    ReleaseUnmarshaledComPointers(stream);
+    return hResult;
+#else
+    (void)stream;
+    return S_OK;
+#endif
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaError StartStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    HRESULT hr;
+    PaWasapiStream *stream = (PaWasapiStream*)s;
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    // check if stream is active already
+    if (IsStreamActive(s))
+        return paStreamIsNotStopped;
+
+    PaUtil_ResetBufferProcessor(&stream->bufferProcessor);
+
+    // Cleanup handles (may be necessary if stream was stopped by itself due to error)
+    _StreamCleanup(stream);
+
+    // Create close event
+    if ((stream->hCloseRequest = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL)) == NULL)
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto start_error;
+    }
+
+    // Set stream state
+    stream->isActive  = TRUE;
+    stream->isStopped = FALSE;
+
+    if (!stream->isBlocking)
+    {
+        // Create thread events
+        stream->hThreadStart = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
+        stream->hThreadExit  = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
+        if ((stream->hThreadStart == NULL) || (stream->hThreadExit == NULL))
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto start_error;
+        }
+
+        // Marshal WASAPI interface pointers for safe use in thread created below.
+        if ((hr = MarshalStreamComPointers(stream)) != S_OK)
+        {
+            PRINT(("Failed marshaling stream COM pointers."));
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            goto nonblocking_start_error;
+        }
+
+        if ((stream->in.clientParent  && (stream->in.streamFlags  & AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK)) ||
+            (stream->out.clientParent && (stream->out.streamFlags & AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK)))
+        {
+            if ((stream->hThread = CREATE_THREAD(ProcThreadEvent)) == NULL)
+            {
+                PRINT(("Failed creating thread: ProcThreadEvent."));
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                goto nonblocking_start_error;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if ((stream->hThread = CREATE_THREAD(ProcThreadPoll)) == NULL)
+            {
+                PRINT(("Failed creating thread: ProcThreadPoll."));
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                goto nonblocking_start_error;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Wait for thread to start
+        if (WaitForSingleObject(stream->hThreadStart, 60*1000) == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
+        {
+            PRINT(("Failed starting thread: timeout."));
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            goto nonblocking_start_error;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        // Create blocking operation events (non-signaled event means - blocking operation is pending)
+        if (stream->out.clientParent != NULL)
+        {
+            if ((stream->hBlockingOpStreamWR = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, TRUE, NULL)) == NULL)
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                goto start_error;
+            }
+        }
+        if (stream->in.clientParent != NULL)
+        {
+            if ((stream->hBlockingOpStreamRD = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, TRUE, NULL)) == NULL)
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                goto start_error;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Initialize event & start INPUT stream
+        if (stream->in.clientParent != NULL)
+        {
+            if ((hr = IAudioClient_Start(stream->in.clientParent)) != S_OK)
+            {
+                LogHostError(hr);
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                goto start_error;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Initialize event & start OUTPUT stream
+        if (stream->out.clientParent != NULL)
+        {
+            // Start
+            if ((hr = IAudioClient_Start(stream->out.clientParent)) != S_OK)
+            {
+                LogHostError(hr);
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                goto start_error;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Set parent to working pointers to use shared functions
+        stream->captureClient  = stream->captureClientParent;
+        stream->renderClient   = stream->renderClientParent;
+        stream->in.clientProc  = stream->in.clientParent;
+        stream->out.clientProc = stream->out.clientParent;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+
+nonblocking_start_error:
+
+    // Set hThreadExit event to prevent blocking during cleanup
+    SetEvent(stream->hThreadExit);
+    UnmarshalStreamComPointers(stream);
+    ReleaseUnmarshaledComPointers(stream);
+
+start_error:
+
+    StopStream(s);
+    return result;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static void StopStreamByUser(PaWasapiStream *stream)
+{
+    // Issue command to thread to stop processing and wait for thread exit
+    if (!stream->isBlocking)
+    {
+        SignalObjectAndWait(stream->hCloseRequest, stream->hThreadExit, INFINITE, FALSE);
+    }
+    else
+    // Blocking mode does not own thread
+    {
+        // Signal close event and wait for each of 2 blocking operations to complete
+        if (stream->out.clientParent)
+            SignalObjectAndWait(stream->hCloseRequest, stream->hBlockingOpStreamWR, INFINITE, TRUE);
+        if (stream->out.clientParent)
+            SignalObjectAndWait(stream->hCloseRequest, stream->hBlockingOpStreamRD, INFINITE, TRUE);
+
+        // Process stop
+        _StreamOnStop(stream);
+    }
+
+    // Cleanup handles
+    _StreamCleanup(stream);
+
+    // Set stream state
+    stream->isActive  = FALSE;
+    stream->isStopped = TRUE;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void _StreamCleanup(PaWasapiStream *stream)
+{
+    // Close thread handles to allow restart
+    SAFE_CLOSE(stream->hThread);
+    SAFE_CLOSE(stream->hThreadStart);
+    SAFE_CLOSE(stream->hThreadExit);
+    SAFE_CLOSE(stream->hCloseRequest);
+    SAFE_CLOSE(stream->hBlockingOpStreamRD);
+    SAFE_CLOSE(stream->hBlockingOpStreamWR);
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaError StopStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    // Finish stream
+    StopStreamByUser((PaWasapiStream *)s);
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaError AbortStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    // Finish stream
+    StopStreamByUser((PaWasapiStream *)s);
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaError IsStreamStopped( PaStream *s )
+{
+    return ((PaWasapiStream *)s)->isStopped;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaError IsStreamActive( PaStream *s )
+{
+    return ((PaWasapiStream *)s)->isActive;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaTime GetStreamTime( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaWasapiStream *stream = (PaWasapiStream*)s;
+
+    /* suppress unused variable warnings */
+    (void) stream;
+
+    return PaUtil_GetTime();
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static double GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream* s )
+{
+    return PaUtil_GetCpuLoad(&((PaWasapiStream *)s)->cpuLoadMeasurer);
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static inline BOOL CheckForStopOrWait(PaWasapiStream *stream, UINT32 delay)
+{
+    return (WaitForSingleObject(stream->hCloseRequest, delay) != WAIT_TIMEOUT);
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static inline BOOL CheckForStop(PaWasapiStream *stream)
+{
+    return CheckForStopOrWait(stream, 0);
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaError ReadStream( PaStream* s, void *_buffer, unsigned long frames )
+{
+    PaWasapiStream *stream = (PaWasapiStream*)s;
+
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+    BYTE *user_buffer = (BYTE *)_buffer;
+    BYTE *wasapi_buffer = NULL;
+    DWORD flags = 0;
+    UINT32 i, available, sleep = 0;
+    unsigned long processed;
+    ThreadIdleScheduler sched;
+
+    // validate
+    if (!stream->isActive)
+        return paStreamIsStopped;
+    if (stream->captureClient == NULL)
+        return paBadStreamPtr;
+
+    // Notify blocking op has begun
+    ResetEvent(stream->hBlockingOpStreamRD);
+
+    // Use thread scheduling for 500 microseconds (emulated) when wait time for frames is less than
+    // 1 milliseconds, emulation helps to normalize CPU consumption and avoids too busy waiting
+    ThreadIdleScheduler_Setup(&sched, 1, 250/* microseconds */);
+
+    // Make a local copy of the user buffer pointer(s), this is necessary
+    // because PaUtil_CopyOutput() advances these pointers every time it is called
+    if (!stream->bufferProcessor.userInputIsInterleaved)
+    {
+        user_buffer = (BYTE *)alloca(sizeof(BYTE *) * stream->bufferProcessor.inputChannelCount);
+        if (user_buffer == NULL)
+            return paInsufficientMemory;
+
+        for (i = 0; i < stream->bufferProcessor.inputChannelCount; ++i)
+            ((BYTE **)user_buffer)[i] = ((BYTE **)_buffer)[i];
+    }
+
+    // Find out if there are tail frames, flush them all before reading hardware
+    if ((available = PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable(stream->in.tailBuffer)) != 0)
+    {
+        ring_buffer_size_t buf1_size = 0, buf2_size = 0, read, desired;
+        void *buf1 = NULL, *buf2 = NULL;
+
+        // Limit desired to amount of requested frames
+        desired = available;
+        if ((UINT32)desired > frames)
+            desired = frames;
+
+        // Get pointers to read regions
+        read = PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadRegions(stream->in.tailBuffer, desired, &buf1, &buf1_size, &buf2, &buf2_size);
+
+        if (buf1 != NULL)
+        {
+            // Register available frames to processor
+            PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount(&stream->bufferProcessor, buf1_size);
+
+            // Register host buffer pointer to processor
+            PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels(&stream->bufferProcessor, 0, buf1, stream->bufferProcessor.inputChannelCount);
+
+            // Copy user data to host buffer (with conversion if applicable)
+            processed = PaUtil_CopyInput(&stream->bufferProcessor, (void **)&user_buffer, buf1_size);
+            frames -= processed;
+        }
+
+        if (buf2 != NULL)
+        {
+            // Register available frames to processor
+            PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount(&stream->bufferProcessor, buf2_size);
+
+            // Register host buffer pointer to processor
+            PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels(&stream->bufferProcessor, 0, buf2, stream->bufferProcessor.inputChannelCount);
+
+            // Copy user data to host buffer (with conversion if applicable)
+            processed = PaUtil_CopyInput(&stream->bufferProcessor, (void **)&user_buffer, buf2_size);
+            frames -= processed;
+        }
+
+        // Advance
+        PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferReadIndex(stream->in.tailBuffer, read);
+    }
+
+    // Read hardware
+    while (frames != 0)
+    {
+        // Check if blocking call must be interrupted
+        if (CheckForStopOrWait(stream, sleep))
+            break;
+
+        // Get available frames (must be finding out available frames before call to IAudioCaptureClient_GetBuffer
+        // othervise audio glitches will occur inExclusive mode as it seems that WASAPI has some scheduling/
+        // processing problems when such busy polling with IAudioCaptureClient_GetBuffer occurs)
+        if ((hr = _PollGetInputFramesAvailable(stream, &available)) != S_OK)
+        {
+            LogHostError(hr);
+            return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        }
+
+        // Wait for more frames to become available
+        if (available == 0)
+        {
+            // Exclusive mode may require latency of 1 millisecond, thus we shall sleep
+            // around 500 microseconds (emulated) to collect packets in time
+            if (stream->in.shareMode != AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE)
+            {
+                UINT32 sleep_frames = (frames < stream->in.framesPerHostCallback ? frames : stream->in.framesPerHostCallback);
+
+                sleep  = GetFramesSleepTime(sleep_frames, stream->in.wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
+                sleep /= 4; // wait only for 1/4 of the buffer
+
+                // WASAPI input provides packets, thus expiring packet will result in bad audio
+                // limit waiting time to 2 seconds (will always work for smallest buffer in Shared)
+                if (sleep > 2)
+                    sleep = 2;
+
+                // Avoid busy waiting, schedule next 1 millesecond wait
+                if (sleep == 0)
+                    sleep = ThreadIdleScheduler_NextSleep(&sched);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                if ((sleep = ThreadIdleScheduler_NextSleep(&sched)) != 0)
+                {
+                    Sleep(sleep);
+                    sleep = 0;
+                }
+            }
+
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // Get the available data in the shared buffer.
+        if ((hr = IAudioCaptureClient_GetBuffer(stream->captureClient, &wasapi_buffer, &available, &flags, NULL, NULL)) != S_OK)
+        {
+            // Buffer size is too small, waiting
+            if (hr != AUDCLNT_S_BUFFER_EMPTY)
+            {
+                LogHostError(hr);
+                goto end;
+            }
+
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // Register available frames to processor
+        PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount(&stream->bufferProcessor, available);
+
+        // Register host buffer pointer to processor
+        PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels(&stream->bufferProcessor, 0, wasapi_buffer, stream->bufferProcessor.inputChannelCount);
+
+        // Copy user data to host buffer (with conversion if applicable)
+        processed = PaUtil_CopyInput(&stream->bufferProcessor, (void **)&user_buffer, frames);
+        frames -= processed;
+
+        // Save tail into buffer
+        if ((frames == 0) && (available > processed))
+        {
+            UINT32 bytes_processed = processed * stream->in.wavex.Format.nBlockAlign;
+            UINT32 frames_to_save  = available - processed;
+
+            PaUtil_WriteRingBuffer(stream->in.tailBuffer, wasapi_buffer + bytes_processed, frames_to_save);
+        }
+
+        // Release host buffer
+        if ((hr = IAudioCaptureClient_ReleaseBuffer(stream->captureClient, available)) != S_OK)
+        {
+            LogHostError(hr);
+            goto end;
+        }
+    }
+
+end:
+
+    // Notify blocking op has ended
+    SetEvent(stream->hBlockingOpStreamRD);
+
+    return (hr != S_OK ? paUnanticipatedHostError : paNoError);
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static PaError WriteStream( PaStream* s, const void *_buffer, unsigned long frames )
+{
+    PaWasapiStream *stream = (PaWasapiStream*)s;
+
+    const BYTE *user_buffer = (const BYTE *)_buffer;
+    BYTE *wasapi_buffer;
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+    UINT32 i, available, sleep = 0;
+    unsigned long processed;
+    ThreadIdleScheduler sched;
+
+    // validate
+    if (!stream->isActive)
+        return paStreamIsStopped;
+    if (stream->renderClient == NULL)
+        return paBadStreamPtr;
+
+    // Notify blocking op has begun
+    ResetEvent(stream->hBlockingOpStreamWR);
+
+    // Use thread scheduling for 500 microseconds (emulated) when wait time for frames is less than
+    // 1 milliseconds, emulation helps to normalize CPU consumption and avoids too busy waiting
+    ThreadIdleScheduler_Setup(&sched, 1, 500/* microseconds */);
+
+    // Make a local copy of the user buffer pointer(s), this is necessary
+    // because PaUtil_CopyOutput() advances these pointers every time it is called
+    if (!stream->bufferProcessor.userOutputIsInterleaved)
+    {
+        user_buffer = (const BYTE *)alloca(sizeof(const BYTE *) * stream->bufferProcessor.outputChannelCount);
+        if (user_buffer == NULL)
+            return paInsufficientMemory;
+
+        for (i = 0; i < stream->bufferProcessor.outputChannelCount; ++i)
+            ((const BYTE **)user_buffer)[i] = ((const BYTE **)_buffer)[i];
+    }
+
+    // Blocking (potentially, until 'frames' are consumed) loop
+    while (frames != 0)
+    {
+        // Check if blocking call must be interrupted
+        if (CheckForStopOrWait(stream, sleep))
+            break;
+
+        // Get frames available
+        if ((hr = _PollGetOutputFramesAvailable(stream, &available)) != S_OK)
+        {
+            LogHostError(hr);
+            goto end;
+        }
+
+        // Wait for more frames to become available
+        if (available == 0)
+        {
+            UINT32 sleep_frames = (frames < stream->out.framesPerHostCallback ? frames : stream->out.framesPerHostCallback);
+
+            sleep  = GetFramesSleepTime(sleep_frames, stream->out.wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
+            sleep /= 2; // wait only for half of the buffer
+
+            // Avoid busy waiting, schedule next 1 millesecond wait
+            if (sleep == 0)
+                sleep = ThreadIdleScheduler_NextSleep(&sched);
+
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // Keep in 'frames' range
+        if (available > frames)
+            available = frames;
+
+        // Get pointer to host buffer
+        if ((hr = IAudioRenderClient_GetBuffer(stream->renderClient, available, &wasapi_buffer)) != S_OK)
+        {
+            // Buffer size is too big, waiting
+            if (hr == AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_TOO_LARGE)
+                continue;
+
+            LogHostError(hr);
+            goto end;
+        }
+
+        // Keep waiting again (on Vista it was noticed that WASAPI could SOMETIMES return NULL pointer
+        // to buffer without returning AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_TOO_LARGE instead)
+        if (wasapi_buffer == NULL)
+            continue;
+
+        // Register available frames to processor
+        PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount(&stream->bufferProcessor, available);
+
+        // Register host buffer pointer to processor
+        PaUtil_SetInterleavedOutputChannels(&stream->bufferProcessor, 0, wasapi_buffer,    stream->bufferProcessor.outputChannelCount);
+
+        // Copy user data to host buffer (with conversion if applicable), this call will advance
+        // pointer 'user_buffer' to consumed portion of data
+        processed = PaUtil_CopyOutput(&stream->bufferProcessor, (const void **)&user_buffer, frames);
+        frames -= processed;
+
+        // Release host buffer
+        if ((hr = IAudioRenderClient_ReleaseBuffer(stream->renderClient, available, 0)) != S_OK)
+        {
+            LogHostError(hr);
+            goto end;
+        }
+    }
+
+end:
+
+    // Notify blocking op has ended
+    SetEvent(stream->hBlockingOpStreamWR);
+
+    return (hr != S_OK ? paUnanticipatedHostError : paNoError);
+}
+
+unsigned long PaUtil_GetOutputFrameCount( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp )
+{
+    return bp->hostOutputFrameCount[0];
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static signed long GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaWasapiStream *stream = (PaWasapiStream*)s;
+
+    HRESULT hr;
+    UINT32  available = 0;
+
+    // validate
+    if (!stream->isActive)
+        return paStreamIsStopped;
+    if (stream->captureClient == NULL)
+        return paBadStreamPtr;
+
+    // available in hardware buffer
+    if ((hr = _PollGetInputFramesAvailable(stream, &available)) != S_OK)
+    {
+        LogHostError(hr);
+        return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    }
+
+    // available in software tail buffer
+    available += PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable(stream->in.tailBuffer);
+
+    return available;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static signed long GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaWasapiStream *stream = (PaWasapiStream*)s;
+    HRESULT hr;
+    UINT32  available = 0;
+
+    // validate
+    if (!stream->isActive)
+        return paStreamIsStopped;
+    if (stream->renderClient == NULL)
+        return paBadStreamPtr;
+
+    if ((hr = _PollGetOutputFramesAvailable(stream, &available)) != S_OK)
+    {
+        LogHostError(hr);
+        return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    }
+
+    return (signed long)available;
+}
+
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static void WaspiHostProcessingLoop( void *inputBuffer,  long inputFrames,
+                                     void *outputBuffer, long outputFrames,
+                                     void *userData )
+{
+    PaWasapiStream *stream = (PaWasapiStream*)userData;
+    PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo timeInfo = {0,0,0};
+    PaStreamCallbackFlags flags = 0;
+    int callbackResult;
+    unsigned long framesProcessed;
+    HRESULT hr;
+    UINT32 pending;
+
+    PaUtil_BeginCpuLoadMeasurement( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+
+    /*
+        Pa_GetStreamTime:
+            - generate timing information
+            - handle buffer slips
+    */
+    timeInfo.currentTime = PaUtil_GetTime();
+    // Query input latency
+    if (stream->in.clientProc != NULL)
+    {
+        PaTime pending_time;
+        if ((hr = IAudioClient_GetCurrentPadding(stream->in.clientProc, &pending)) == S_OK)
+            pending_time = (PaTime)pending / (PaTime)stream->in.wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec;
+        else
+            pending_time = (PaTime)stream->in.latencySeconds;
+
+        timeInfo.inputBufferAdcTime = timeInfo.currentTime + pending_time;
+    }
+    // Query output current latency
+    if (stream->out.clientProc != NULL)
+    {
+        PaTime pending_time;
+        if ((hr = IAudioClient_GetCurrentPadding(stream->out.clientProc, &pending)) == S_OK)
+            pending_time = (PaTime)pending / (PaTime)stream->out.wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec;
+        else
+            pending_time = (PaTime)stream->out.latencySeconds;
+
+        timeInfo.outputBufferDacTime = timeInfo.currentTime + pending_time;
+    }
+
+    /*
+        If you need to byte swap or shift inputBuffer to convert it into a
+        portaudio format, do it here.
+    */
+
+    PaUtil_BeginBufferProcessing( &stream->bufferProcessor, &timeInfo, flags );
+
+    /*
+        depending on whether the host buffers are interleaved, non-interleaved
+        or a mixture, you will want to call PaUtil_SetInterleaved*Channels(),
+        PaUtil_SetNonInterleaved*Channel() or PaUtil_Set*Channel() here.
+    */
+
+    if (stream->bufferProcessor.inputChannelCount > 0)
+    {
+        PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( &stream->bufferProcessor, inputFrames );
+        PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels( &stream->bufferProcessor,
+            0, /* first channel of inputBuffer is channel 0 */
+            inputBuffer,
+            0 ); /* 0 - use inputChannelCount passed to init buffer processor */
+    }
+
+    if (stream->bufferProcessor.outputChannelCount > 0)
+    {
+        PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount( &stream->bufferProcessor, outputFrames);
+        PaUtil_SetInterleavedOutputChannels( &stream->bufferProcessor,
+            0, /* first channel of outputBuffer is channel 0 */
+            outputBuffer,
+            0 ); /* 0 - use outputChannelCount passed to init buffer processor */
+    }
+
+    /* you must pass a valid value of callback result to PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing()
+        in general you would pass paContinue for normal operation, and
+        paComplete to drain the buffer processor's internal output buffer.
+        You can check whether the buffer processor's output buffer is empty
+        using PaUtil_IsBufferProcessorOuputEmpty( bufferProcessor )
+    */
+    callbackResult = paContinue;
+    framesProcessed = PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing( &stream->bufferProcessor, &callbackResult );
+
+    /*
+        If you need to byte swap or shift outputBuffer to convert it to
+        host format, do it here.
+    */
+
+    PaUtil_EndCpuLoadMeasurement( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer, framesProcessed );
+
+    if (callbackResult != paContinue)
+    {
+        // schedule stream stop
+        SetEvent(stream->hCloseRequest);
+    }
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+static PaError MMCSS_activate(PaWasapiThreadPriority nPriorityClass, HANDLE *ret)
+{
+    static const char *mmcs_name[] =
+    {
+        NULL,
+        "Audio",
+        "Capture",
+        "Distribution",
+        "Games",
+        "Playback",
+        "Pro Audio",
+        "Window Manager"
+    };
+
+    DWORD task_idx = 0;
+    HANDLE hTask;
+
+    if ((UINT32)nPriorityClass >= STATIC_ARRAY_SIZE(mmcs_name))
+        return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+
+    if ((hTask = pAvSetMmThreadCharacteristics(mmcs_name[nPriorityClass], &task_idx)) == NULL)
+    {
+        PRINT(("WASAPI: AvSetMmThreadCharacteristics failed: error[%d]\n", GetLastError()));
+        return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    }
+
+    /*BOOL priority_ok = pAvSetMmThreadPriority(hTask, AVRT_PRIORITY_NORMAL);
+    if (priority_ok == FALSE)
+    {
+        PRINT(("WASAPI: AvSetMmThreadPriority failed!\n"));
+    }*/
+
+    // debug
+    {
+        int    cur_priority          = GetThreadPriority(GetCurrentThread());
+        DWORD  cur_priority_class = GetPriorityClass(GetCurrentProcess());
+        PRINT(("WASAPI: thread[ priority-0x%X class-0x%X ]\n", cur_priority, cur_priority_class));
+    }
+
+    (*ret) = hTask;
+    return paNoError;
+}
+#endif
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+static void MMCSS_deactivate(HANDLE hTask)
+{
+    if (pAvRevertMmThreadCharacteristics(hTask) == FALSE)
+    {
+        PRINT(("WASAPI: AvRevertMmThreadCharacteristics failed!\n"));
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+PaError PaWasapi_ThreadPriorityBoost(void **pTask, PaWasapiThreadPriority priorityClass)
+{
+    HANDLE task;
+    PaError ret;
+
+    if (pTask == NULL)
+        return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    if ((ret = MMCSS_activate(priorityClass, &task)) != paNoError)
+        return ret;
+#else
+    switch (priorityClass)
+    {
+    case eThreadPriorityAudio:
+    case eThreadPriorityProAudio: {
+
+        // Save previous thread priority
+        intptr_t priority_prev = GetThreadPriority(GetCurrentThread());
+
+        // Try set new thread priority
+        if (SetThreadPriority(GetCurrentThread(), THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST) == FALSE)
+            return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+
+        // Memorize prev priority (pretend to be non NULL pointer by adding 0x80000000 mask)
+        task = (HANDLE)(priority_prev | 0x80000000);
+
+        ret = paNoError;
+
+        break; }
+
+    default:
+        return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    (*pTask) = task;
+    return ret;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+PaError PaWasapi_ThreadPriorityRevert(void *pTask)
+{
+    if (pTask == NULL)
+        return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    MMCSS_deactivate((HANDLE)pTask);
+#else
+    // Revert previous priority by removing 0x80000000 mask
+    if (SetThreadPriority(GetCurrentThread(), (int)((intptr_t)pTask & ~0x80000000)) == FALSE)
+        return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+#endif
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Described at:
+// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd371387(v=VS.85).aspx
+
+PaError PaWasapi_GetJackCount(PaDeviceIndex device, int *pJackCount)
+{
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    PaError ret;
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+    PaWasapiDeviceInfo *deviceInfo;
+    IDeviceTopology *pDeviceTopology = NULL;
+    IConnector *pConnFrom = NULL;
+    IConnector *pConnTo = NULL;
+    IPart *pPart = NULL;
+    IKsJackDescription *pJackDesc = NULL;
+    UINT jackCount = 0;
+
+    if (pJackCount == NULL)
+        return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+
+    if ((ret = _GetWasapiDeviceInfoByDeviceIndex(&deviceInfo, device)) != paNoError)
+        return ret;
+
+    // Get the endpoint device's IDeviceTopology interface
+    hr = IMMDevice_Activate(deviceInfo->device, &pa_IID_IDeviceTopology,
+        CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, NULL, (void**)&pDeviceTopology);
+    IF_FAILED_JUMP(hr, error);
+
+    // The device topology for an endpoint device always contains just one connector (connector number 0)
+    hr = IDeviceTopology_GetConnector(pDeviceTopology, 0, &pConnFrom);
+    IF_FAILED_JUMP(hr, error);
+
+    // Step across the connection to the jack on the adapter
+    hr = IConnector_GetConnectedTo(pConnFrom, &pConnTo);
+    if (HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND) == hr)
+    {
+        // The adapter device is not currently active
+        hr = E_NOINTERFACE;
+    }
+    IF_FAILED_JUMP(hr, error);
+
+    // Get the connector's IPart interface
+    hr = IConnector_QueryInterface(pConnTo, &pa_IID_IPart, (void**)&pPart);
+    IF_FAILED_JUMP(hr, error);
+
+    // Activate the connector's IKsJackDescription interface
+    hr = IPart_Activate(pPart, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, &pa_IID_IKsJackDescription, (void**)&pJackDesc);
+    IF_FAILED_JUMP(hr, error);
+
+    // Return jack count for this device
+    hr = IKsJackDescription_GetJackCount(pJackDesc, &jackCount);
+    IF_FAILED_JUMP(hr, error);
+
+    // Set.
+    (*pJackCount) = jackCount;
+
+    // Ok.
+    ret = paNoError;
+
+error:
+
+    SAFE_RELEASE(pDeviceTopology);
+    SAFE_RELEASE(pConnFrom);
+    SAFE_RELEASE(pConnTo);
+    SAFE_RELEASE(pPart);
+    SAFE_RELEASE(pJackDesc);
+
+    LogHostError(hr);
+    return paNoError;
+#else
+    (void)device;
+    (void)pJackCount;
+    return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+#endif
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+static PaWasapiJackConnectionType _ConvertJackConnectionTypeWASAPIToPA(int connType)
+{
+    switch (connType)
+    {
+        case eConnTypeUnknown:               return eJackConnTypeUnknown;
+#ifdef _KS_
+        case eConnType3Point5mm:             return eJackConnType3Point5mm;
+#else
+        case eConnTypeEighth:                return eJackConnType3Point5mm;
+#endif
+        case eConnTypeQuarter:               return eJackConnTypeQuarter;
+        case eConnTypeAtapiInternal:         return eJackConnTypeAtapiInternal;
+        case eConnTypeRCA:                   return eJackConnTypeRCA;
+        case eConnTypeOptical:               return eJackConnTypeOptical;
+        case eConnTypeOtherDigital:          return eJackConnTypeOtherDigital;
+        case eConnTypeOtherAnalog:           return eJackConnTypeOtherAnalog;
+        case eConnTypeMultichannelAnalogDIN: return eJackConnTypeMultichannelAnalogDIN;
+        case eConnTypeXlrProfessional:       return eJackConnTypeXlrProfessional;
+        case eConnTypeRJ11Modem:             return eJackConnTypeRJ11Modem;
+        case eConnTypeCombination:           return eJackConnTypeCombination;
+    }
+    return eJackConnTypeUnknown;
+}
+#endif
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+static PaWasapiJackGeoLocation _ConvertJackGeoLocationWASAPIToPA(int geoLoc)
+{
+    switch (geoLoc)
+    {
+    case eGeoLocRear:             return eJackGeoLocRear;
+    case eGeoLocFront:            return eJackGeoLocFront;
+    case eGeoLocLeft:             return eJackGeoLocLeft;
+    case eGeoLocRight:            return eJackGeoLocRight;
+    case eGeoLocTop:              return eJackGeoLocTop;
+    case eGeoLocBottom:           return eJackGeoLocBottom;
+#ifdef _KS_
+    case eGeoLocRearPanel:        return eJackGeoLocRearPanel;
+#else
+    case eGeoLocRearOPanel:       return eJackGeoLocRearPanel;
+#endif
+    case eGeoLocRiser:            return eJackGeoLocRiser;
+    case eGeoLocInsideMobileLid:  return eJackGeoLocInsideMobileLid;
+    case eGeoLocDrivebay:         return eJackGeoLocDrivebay;
+    case eGeoLocHDMI:             return eJackGeoLocHDMI;
+    case eGeoLocOutsideMobileLid: return eJackGeoLocOutsideMobileLid;
+    case eGeoLocATAPI:            return eJackGeoLocATAPI;
+    }
+    return eJackGeoLocUnk;
+}
+#endif
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+static PaWasapiJackGenLocation _ConvertJackGenLocationWASAPIToPA(int genLoc)
+{
+    switch (genLoc)
+    {
+    case eGenLocPrimaryBox: return eJackGenLocPrimaryBox;
+    case eGenLocInternal:   return eJackGenLocInternal;
+#ifdef _KS_
+    case eGenLocSeparate:   return eJackGenLocSeparate;
+#else
+    case eGenLocSeperate:   return eJackGenLocSeparate;
+#endif
+    case eGenLocOther:      return eJackGenLocOther;
+    }
+    return eJackGenLocPrimaryBox;
+}
+#endif
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+static PaWasapiJackPortConnection _ConvertJackPortConnectionWASAPIToPA(int portConn)
+{
+    switch (portConn)
+    {
+    case ePortConnJack:                  return eJackPortConnJack;
+    case ePortConnIntegratedDevice:      return eJackPortConnIntegratedDevice;
+    case ePortConnBothIntegratedAndJack: return eJackPortConnBothIntegratedAndJack;
+    case ePortConnUnknown:               return eJackPortConnUnknown;
+    }
+    return eJackPortConnJack;
+}
+#endif
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Described at:
+// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd371387(v=VS.85).aspx
+
+PaError PaWasapi_GetJackDescription(PaDeviceIndex device, int jackIndex, PaWasapiJackDescription *pJackDescription)
+{
+#ifndef PA_WINRT
+    PaError ret;
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+    PaWasapiDeviceInfo *deviceInfo;
+    IDeviceTopology *pDeviceTopology = NULL;
+    IConnector *pConnFrom = NULL;
+    IConnector *pConnTo = NULL;
+    IPart *pPart = NULL;
+    IKsJackDescription *pJackDesc = NULL;
+    KSJACK_DESCRIPTION jack = { 0 };
+
+    if ((ret = _GetWasapiDeviceInfoByDeviceIndex(&deviceInfo, device)) != paNoError)
+        return ret;
+
+    // Get the endpoint device's IDeviceTopology interface
+    hr = IMMDevice_Activate(deviceInfo->device, &pa_IID_IDeviceTopology,
+        CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, NULL, (void**)&pDeviceTopology);
+    IF_FAILED_JUMP(hr, error);
+
+    // The device topology for an endpoint device always contains just one connector (connector number 0)
+    hr = IDeviceTopology_GetConnector(pDeviceTopology, 0, &pConnFrom);
+    IF_FAILED_JUMP(hr, error);
+
+    // Step across the connection to the jack on the adapter
+    hr = IConnector_GetConnectedTo(pConnFrom, &pConnTo);
+    if (HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND) == hr)
+    {
+        // The adapter device is not currently active
+        hr = E_NOINTERFACE;
+    }
+    IF_FAILED_JUMP(hr, error);
+
+    // Get the connector's IPart interface
+    hr = IConnector_QueryInterface(pConnTo, &pa_IID_IPart, (void**)&pPart);
+    IF_FAILED_JUMP(hr, error);
+
+    // Activate the connector's IKsJackDescription interface
+    hr = IPart_Activate(pPart, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, &pa_IID_IKsJackDescription, (void**)&pJackDesc);
+    IF_FAILED_JUMP(hr, error);
+
+    // Test to return jack description struct for index 0
+    hr = IKsJackDescription_GetJackDescription(pJackDesc, jackIndex, &jack);
+    IF_FAILED_JUMP(hr, error);
+
+    // Convert WASAPI values to PA format
+    pJackDescription->channelMapping = jack.ChannelMapping;
+    pJackDescription->color          = jack.Color;
+    pJackDescription->connectionType = _ConvertJackConnectionTypeWASAPIToPA(jack.ConnectionType);
+    pJackDescription->genLocation    = _ConvertJackGenLocationWASAPIToPA(jack.GenLocation);
+    pJackDescription->geoLocation    = _ConvertJackGeoLocationWASAPIToPA(jack.GeoLocation);
+    pJackDescription->isConnected    = jack.IsConnected;
+    pJackDescription->portConnection = _ConvertJackPortConnectionWASAPIToPA(jack.PortConnection);
+
+    // Ok
+    ret = paNoError;
+
+error:
+
+    SAFE_RELEASE(pDeviceTopology);
+    SAFE_RELEASE(pConnFrom);
+    SAFE_RELEASE(pConnTo);
+    SAFE_RELEASE(pPart);
+    SAFE_RELEASE(pJackDesc);
+
+    LogHostError(hr);
+    return ret;
+
+#else
+    (void)device;
+    (void)jackIndex;
+    (void)pJackDescription;
+    return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+#endif
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+PaError PaWasapi_GetAudioClient(PaStream *pStream, void **pAudioClient, int bOutput)
+{
+    PaWasapiStream *stream = (PaWasapiStream *)pStream;
+    if (stream == NULL)
+        return paBadStreamPtr;
+
+    if (pAudioClient == NULL)
+        return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+
+    (*pAudioClient) = (bOutput == TRUE ? stream->out.clientParent : stream->in.clientParent);
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#ifdef PA_WINRT
+static void CopyNameOrIdString(WCHAR *dst, const UINT32 dstMaxCount, const WCHAR *src)
+{
+    UINT32 i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < dstMaxCount; ++i)
+        dst[i] = 0;
+
+    if (src != NULL)
+    {
+        for (i = 0; (src[i] != 0) && (i < dstMaxCount); ++i)
+            dst[i] = src[i];
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+PaError PaWasapiWinrt_SetDefaultDeviceId( const unsigned short *pId, int bOutput )
+{
+#ifdef PA_WINRT
+    INT32 i;
+    PaWasapiWinrtDeviceListRole *role = (bOutput ? &g_DeviceListInfo.render : &g_DeviceListInfo.capture);
+
+    assert(STATIC_ARRAY_SIZE(role->defaultId) == PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_ID_LEN);
+
+    // Validate Id length
+    if (pId != NULL)
+    {
+        for (i = 0; pId[i] != 0; ++i)
+        {
+            if (i >= PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_ID_LEN)
+                return paBufferTooBig;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Set Id (or reset to all 0 if NULL is provided)
+    CopyNameOrIdString(role->defaultId, STATIC_ARRAY_SIZE(role->defaultId), pId);
+
+    return paNoError;
+#else
+    return paIncompatibleStreamHostApi;
+#endif
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+PaError PaWasapiWinrt_PopulateDeviceList( const unsigned short **pId, const unsigned short **pName,
+    const PaWasapiDeviceRole *pRole, unsigned int count, int bOutput )
+{
+#ifdef PA_WINRT
+    UINT32 i, j;
+    PaWasapiWinrtDeviceListRole *role = (bOutput ? &g_DeviceListInfo.render : &g_DeviceListInfo.capture);
+
+    memset(&role->devices, 0, sizeof(role->devices));
+    role->deviceCount = 0;
+
+    if (count == 0)
+        return paNoError;
+    else
+    if (count > PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_MAX_COUNT)
+        return paBufferTooBig;
+
+    // pName or pRole are optional
+    if (pId == NULL)
+        return paInsufficientMemory;
+
+    // Validate Id and Name lengths
+    for (i = 0; i < count; ++i)
+    {
+        const unsigned short *id = pId[i];
+        const unsigned short *name = pName[i];
+
+        for (j = 0; id[j] != 0; ++j)
+        {
+            if (j >= PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_ID_LEN)
+                return paBufferTooBig;
+        }
+
+        for (j = 0; name[j] != 0; ++j)
+        {
+            if (j >= PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_NAME_LEN)
+                return paBufferTooBig;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Set Id and Name (or reset to all 0 if NULL is provided)
+    for (i = 0; i < count; ++i)
+    {
+        CopyNameOrIdString(role->devices[i].id, STATIC_ARRAY_SIZE(role->devices[i].id), pId[i]);
+        CopyNameOrIdString(role->devices[i].name, STATIC_ARRAY_SIZE(role->devices[i].name), pName[i]);
+        role->devices[i].formFactor = (pRole != NULL ? (EndpointFormFactor)pRole[i] : UnknownFormFactor);
+
+        // Count device if it has at least the Id
+        role->deviceCount += (role->devices[i].id[0] != 0);
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+#else
+    return paIncompatibleStreamHostApi;
+#endif
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+PaError PaWasapi_SetStreamStateHandler( PaStream *pStream, PaWasapiStreamStateCallback fnStateHandler, void *pUserData )
+{
+    PaWasapiStream *stream = (PaWasapiStream *)pStream;
+    if (stream == NULL)
+        return paBadStreamPtr;
+
+    stream->fnStateHandler        = fnStateHandler;
+    stream->pStateHandlerUserData = pUserData;
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+HRESULT _PollGetOutputFramesAvailable(PaWasapiStream *stream, UINT32 *available)
+{
+    HRESULT hr;
+    UINT32 frames = stream->out.framesPerHostCallback,
+           padding;
+
+    (*available) = 0;
+
+    // Get read position
+    if ((hr = IAudioClient_GetCurrentPadding(stream->out.clientProc, &padding)) != S_OK)
+        return LogHostError(hr);
+
+    // Set available frame count
+    (*available) = frames - padding;
+
+    return S_OK;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+HRESULT _PollGetInputFramesAvailable(PaWasapiStream *stream, UINT32 *available)
+{
+    HRESULT hr;
+
+    (*available) = 0;
+
+    // GetCurrentPadding() has opposite meaning to Output stream
+    if ((hr = IAudioClient_GetCurrentPadding(stream->in.clientProc, available)) != S_OK)
+        return LogHostError(hr);
+
+    return S_OK;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static HRESULT ProcessOutputBuffer(PaWasapiStream *stream, PaWasapiHostProcessor *processor, UINT32 frames)
+{
+    HRESULT hr;
+    BYTE *data;
+
+    // Get buffer
+    if ((hr = IAudioRenderClient_GetBuffer(stream->renderClient, frames, &data)) != S_OK)
+    {
+        // Both modes, Shared and Exclusive, can fail with AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_TOO_LARGE error
+    #if 0
+        if (stream->out.shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_SHARED)
+        {
+            // Using GetCurrentPadding to overcome AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_TOO_LARGE in
+            // shared mode results in no sound in Event-driven mode (MSDN does not
+            // document this, or is it WASAPI bug?), thus we better
+            // try to acquire buffer next time when GetBuffer allows to do so.
+        #if 0
+            // Get Read position
+            UINT32 padding = 0;
+            hr = IAudioClient_GetCurrentPadding(stream->out.clientProc, &padding);
+            if (hr != S_OK)
+                return LogHostError(hr);
+
+            // Get frames to write
+            frames -= padding;
+            if (frames == 0)
+                return S_OK;
+
+            if ((hr = IAudioRenderClient_GetBuffer(stream->renderClient, frames, &data)) != S_OK)
+                return LogHostError(hr);
+        #else
+            if (hr == AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_TOO_LARGE)
+                return S_OK; // be silent in shared mode, try again next time
+        #endif
+        }
+        else
+            return LogHostError(hr);
+    #else
+        if (hr == AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_TOO_LARGE)
+            return S_OK; // try again next time
+
+        return LogHostError(hr);
+    #endif
+    }
+
+    // Process data
+    if (stream->out.monoMixer != NULL)
+    {
+        // Expand buffer
+        UINT32 monoFrames = frames * (stream->out.wavex.Format.wBitsPerSample / 8);
+        if (monoFrames > stream->out.monoBufferSize)
+        {
+            stream->out.monoBuffer = PaWasapi_ReallocateMemory(stream->out.monoBuffer, (stream->out.monoBufferSize = monoFrames));
+            if (stream->out.monoBuffer == NULL)
+                return LogHostError(hr = E_OUTOFMEMORY);
+        }
+
+        // Process
+        processor[S_OUTPUT].processor(NULL, 0, (BYTE *)stream->out.monoBuffer, frames, processor[S_OUTPUT].userData);
+
+        // Mix 1 to 2 channels
+        stream->out.monoMixer(data, stream->out.monoBuffer, frames);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        processor[S_OUTPUT].processor(NULL, 0, data, frames, processor[S_OUTPUT].userData);
+    }
+
+    // Release buffer
+    if ((hr = IAudioRenderClient_ReleaseBuffer(stream->renderClient, frames, 0)) != S_OK)
+        return LogHostError(hr);
+
+    return S_OK;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static HRESULT ProcessInputBuffer(PaWasapiStream *stream, PaWasapiHostProcessor *processor)
+{
+    HRESULT hr;
+    UINT32 frames;
+    BYTE *data;
+    DWORD flags;
+
+    while (!CheckForStop(stream))
+    {
+        // Find out if any frames available
+        if ((hr = _PollGetInputFramesAvailable(stream, &frames)) != S_OK)
+            return hr;
+
+        // Empty/consumed buffer
+        if (frames == 0)
+            break;
+
+        // Get the available data in the shared buffer.
+        if ((hr = IAudioCaptureClient_GetBuffer(stream->captureClient, &data, &frames, &flags, NULL, NULL)) != S_OK)
+        {
+            if (hr == AUDCLNT_S_BUFFER_EMPTY)
+            {
+                hr = S_OK;
+                break; // Empty/consumed buffer
+            }
+
+            return LogHostError(hr);
+        }
+
+        // Detect silence
+        // if (flags & AUDCLNT_BUFFERFLAGS_SILENT)
+        //    data = NULL;
+
+        // Process data
+        if (stream->in.monoMixer != NULL)
+        {
+            // expand buffer
+            UINT32 monoFrames = frames * (stream->in.wavex.Format.wBitsPerSample / 8);
+            if (monoFrames > stream->in.monoBufferSize)
+            {
+                stream->in.monoBuffer = PaWasapi_ReallocateMemory(stream->in.monoBuffer, (stream->in.monoBufferSize = monoFrames));
+                if (stream->in.monoBuffer == NULL)
+                    return LogHostError(hr = E_OUTOFMEMORY);
+            }
+
+            // mix 1 to 2 channels
+            stream->in.monoMixer(stream->in.monoBuffer, data, frames);
+
+            // process
+            processor[S_INPUT].processor((BYTE *)stream->in.monoBuffer, frames, NULL, 0, processor[S_INPUT].userData);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            processor[S_INPUT].processor(data, frames, NULL, 0, processor[S_INPUT].userData);
+        }
+
+        // Release buffer
+        if ((hr = IAudioCaptureClient_ReleaseBuffer(stream->captureClient, frames)) != S_OK)
+            return LogHostError(hr);
+    }
+
+    return S_OK;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void _StreamOnStop(PaWasapiStream *stream)
+{
+    // Stop INPUT/OUTPUT clients
+    if (!stream->isBlocking)
+    {
+        if (stream->in.clientProc != NULL)
+            IAudioClient_Stop(stream->in.clientProc);
+        if (stream->out.clientProc != NULL)
+            IAudioClient_Stop(stream->out.clientProc);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if (stream->in.clientParent != NULL)
+            IAudioClient_Stop(stream->in.clientParent);
+        if (stream->out.clientParent != NULL)
+            IAudioClient_Stop(stream->out.clientParent);
+    }
+
+    // Restore thread priority
+    if (stream->hAvTask != NULL)
+    {
+        PaWasapi_ThreadPriorityRevert(stream->hAvTask);
+        stream->hAvTask = NULL;
+    }
+
+    // Notify
+    if (stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback != NULL)
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback(stream->streamRepresentation.userData);
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static BOOL PrepareComPointers(PaWasapiStream *stream, BOOL *threadComInitialized)
+{
+    HRESULT hr;
+
+    /*
+    If COM is already initialized CoInitialize will either return
+    FALSE, or RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE if it was initialized in a different
+    threading mode. In either case we shouldn't consider it an error
+    but we need to be careful to not call CoUninitialize() if
+    RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE was returned.
+    */
+    hr = CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_APARTMENTTHREADED);
+    if (FAILED(hr) && (hr != RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE))
+    {
+        PRINT(("WASAPI: failed ProcThreadEvent CoInitialize"));
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+    if (hr != RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE)
+        *threadComInitialized = TRUE;
+
+    // Unmarshal stream pointers for safe COM operation
+    hr = UnmarshalStreamComPointers(stream);
+    if (hr != S_OK)
+    {
+        PRINT(("WASAPI: Error unmarshaling stream COM pointers. HRESULT: %i\n", hr));
+        CoUninitialize();
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static void FinishComPointers(PaWasapiStream *stream, BOOL threadComInitialized)
+{
+    // Release unmarshaled COM pointers
+    ReleaseUnmarshaledComPointers(stream);
+
+    // Cleanup COM for this thread
+    if (threadComInitialized == TRUE)
+        CoUninitialize();
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+PA_THREAD_FUNC ProcThreadEvent(void *param)
+{
+    PaWasapiHostProcessor processor[S_COUNT];
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+    DWORD dwResult;
+    PaWasapiStream *stream = (PaWasapiStream *)param;
+    PaWasapiHostProcessor defaultProcessor;
+    BOOL setEvent[S_COUNT] = { FALSE, FALSE };
+    BOOL waitAllEvents = FALSE;
+    BOOL threadComInitialized = FALSE;
+    SystemTimer timer;
+
+    // Notify: WASAPI-specific stream state
+    NotifyStateChanged(stream, paWasapiStreamStateThreadPrepare, ERROR_SUCCESS);
+
+    // Prepare COM pointers
+    if (!PrepareComPointers(stream, &threadComInitialized))
+        return (UINT32)paUnanticipatedHostError;
+
+    // Request fine (1 ms) granularity of the system timer functions for precise operation of waitable timers
+    SystemTimer_SetGranularity(&timer, 1);
+
+    // Waiting on all events in case of Full-Duplex/Exclusive mode.
+    if ((stream->in.clientProc != NULL) && (stream->out.clientProc != NULL))
+    {
+        waitAllEvents = (stream->in.shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE) &&
+            (stream->out.shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE);
+    }
+
+    // Setup data processors
+    defaultProcessor.processor = WaspiHostProcessingLoop;
+    defaultProcessor.userData  = stream;
+    processor[S_INPUT] = (stream->hostProcessOverrideInput.processor != NULL ? stream->hostProcessOverrideInput : defaultProcessor);
+    processor[S_OUTPUT] = (stream->hostProcessOverrideOutput.processor != NULL ? stream->hostProcessOverrideOutput : defaultProcessor);
+
+    // Boost thread priority
+    PaWasapi_ThreadPriorityBoost((void **)&stream->hAvTask, stream->nThreadPriority);
+
+    // Create events
+    if (stream->event[S_OUTPUT] == NULL)
+    {
+        stream->event[S_OUTPUT] = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
+        setEvent[S_OUTPUT] = TRUE;
+    }
+    if (stream->event[S_INPUT] == NULL)
+    {
+        stream->event[S_INPUT]  = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
+        setEvent[S_INPUT] = TRUE;
+    }
+    if ((stream->event[S_OUTPUT] == NULL) || (stream->event[S_INPUT] == NULL))
+    {
+        PRINT(("WASAPI Thread: failed creating Input/Output event handle\n"));
+        goto thread_error;
+    }
+
+    // Signal: stream active (reconfirm)
+    stream->isActive = TRUE;
+
+    // Notify: thread started
+    SetEvent(stream->hThreadStart);
+
+    // Initialize event & start INPUT stream
+    if (stream->in.clientProc)
+    {
+        // Create & set handle
+        if (setEvent[S_INPUT])
+        {
+            if ((hr = IAudioClient_SetEventHandle(stream->in.clientProc, stream->event[S_INPUT])) != S_OK)
+            {
+                LogHostError(hr);
+                goto thread_error;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Start
+        if ((hr = IAudioClient_Start(stream->in.clientProc)) != S_OK)
+        {
+            LogHostError(hr);
+            goto thread_error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Initialize event & start OUTPUT stream
+    if (stream->out.clientProc)
+    {
+        // Create & set handle
+        if (setEvent[S_OUTPUT])
+        {
+            if ((hr = IAudioClient_SetEventHandle(stream->out.clientProc, stream->event[S_OUTPUT])) != S_OK)
+            {
+                LogHostError(hr);
+                goto thread_error;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Preload buffer before start
+        if ((hr = ProcessOutputBuffer(stream, processor, stream->out.framesPerBuffer)) != S_OK)
+        {
+            LogHostError(hr);
+            goto thread_error;
+        }
+
+        // Start
+        if ((hr = IAudioClient_Start(stream->out.clientProc)) != S_OK)
+        {
+            LogHostError(hr);
+            goto thread_error;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    // Notify: WASAPI-specific stream state
+    NotifyStateChanged(stream, paWasapiStreamStateThreadStart, ERROR_SUCCESS);
+
+    // Processing Loop
+    for (;;)
+    {
+        // 10 sec timeout (on timeout stream will auto-stop when processed by WAIT_TIMEOUT case)
+        dwResult = WaitForMultipleObjects(S_COUNT, stream->event, waitAllEvents, 10*1000);
+
+        // Check for close event (after wait for buffers to avoid any calls to user
+        // callback when hCloseRequest was set)
+        if (CheckForStop(stream))
+            break;
+
+        // Process S_INPUT/S_OUTPUT
+        switch (dwResult)
+        {
+        case WAIT_TIMEOUT: {
+            PRINT(("WASAPI Thread: WAIT_TIMEOUT - probably bad audio driver or Vista x64 bug: use paWinWasapiPolling instead\n"));
+            goto thread_end;
+            break; }
+
+        // Input stream
+        case WAIT_OBJECT_0 + S_INPUT: {
+
+            if (stream->captureClient == NULL)
+                break;
+
+            if ((hr = ProcessInputBuffer(stream, processor)) != S_OK)
+            {
+                LogHostError(hr);
+                goto thread_error;
+            }
+
+            break; }
+
+        // Output stream
+        case WAIT_OBJECT_0 + S_OUTPUT: {
+
+            if (stream->renderClient == NULL)
+                break;
+
+            if ((hr = ProcessOutputBuffer(stream, processor, stream->out.framesPerBuffer)) != S_OK)
+            {
+                LogHostError(hr);
+                goto thread_error;
+            }
+
+            break; }
+        }
+    }
+
+thread_end:
+
+    // Process stop
+    _StreamOnStop(stream);
+
+    // Release unmarshaled COM pointers
+    FinishComPointers(stream, threadComInitialized);
+
+    // Restore system timer granularity
+    SystemTimer_RestoreGranularity(&timer);
+
+    // Notify: stream inactive
+    stream->isActive = FALSE;
+
+    // Notify: thread exited
+    SetEvent(stream->hThreadExit);
+
+    // Notify: WASAPI-specific stream state
+    NotifyStateChanged(stream, paWasapiStreamStateThreadStop, hr);
+
+    return 0;
+
+thread_error:
+
+    // Prevent deadlocking in Pa_StreamStart
+    SetEvent(stream->hThreadStart);
+
+    // Exit
+    goto thread_end;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static UINT32 GetSleepTime(PaWasapiStream *stream, UINT32 sleepTimeIn, UINT32 sleepTimeOut, UINT32 userFramesOut)
+{
+    UINT32 sleepTime;
+
+    // According to the issue [https://github.com/PortAudio/portaudio/issues/303] glitches may occur when user frames
+    // equal to 1/2 of the host buffer frames, therefore the empirical workaround for this problem is to lower
+    // the sleep time by 2
+    if (userFramesOut != 0)
+    {
+        UINT32 chunks = stream->out.framesPerHostCallback / userFramesOut;
+        if (chunks <= 2)
+        {
+            sleepTimeOut /= 2;
+            PRINT(("WASAPI: underrun workaround, sleep [%d] ms - 1/2 of the user buffer[%d] | host buffer[%d]\n", sleepTimeOut, userFramesOut, stream->out.framesPerHostCallback));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Choose the smallest
+    if ((sleepTimeIn != 0) && (sleepTimeOut != 0))
+        sleepTime = min(sleepTimeIn, sleepTimeOut);
+    else
+        sleepTime = (sleepTimeIn ? sleepTimeIn : sleepTimeOut);
+
+    return sleepTime;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static UINT32 ConfigureLoopSleepTimeAndScheduler(PaWasapiStream *stream, ThreadIdleScheduler *scheduler)
+{
+    UINT32 sleepTime, sleepTimeIn, sleepTimeOut;
+    UINT32 userFramesIn = stream->in.framesPerHostCallback / WASAPI_PACKETS_PER_INPUT_BUFFER;
+    UINT32 userFramesOut = stream->out.framesPerBuffer;
+
+    // Adjust polling time for non-paUtilFixedHostBufferSize, input stream is not adjustable as it is being
+    // polled according to its packet length
+    if (stream->bufferMode != paUtilFixedHostBufferSize)
+    {
+        userFramesOut = (stream->bufferProcessor.framesPerUserBuffer ? stream->bufferProcessor.framesPerUserBuffer :
+            stream->out.params.frames_per_buffer);
+    }
+
+    // Calculate timeout for the next polling attempt
+    sleepTimeIn  = GetFramesSleepTime(userFramesIn, stream->in.wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
+    sleepTimeOut = GetFramesSleepTime(userFramesOut, stream->out.wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
+
+    // WASAPI input packets tend to expire very easily, let's limit sleep time to 2 milliseconds
+    // for all cases. Please propose better solution if any
+    if (sleepTimeIn > 2)
+        sleepTimeIn = 2;
+
+    sleepTime = GetSleepTime(stream, sleepTimeIn, sleepTimeOut, userFramesOut);
+
+    // Make sure not 0, othervise use ThreadIdleScheduler to bounce between [0, 1] ms to avoid too busy loop
+    if (sleepTime == 0)
+    {
+        sleepTimeIn  = GetFramesSleepTimeMicroseconds(userFramesIn, stream->in.wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
+        sleepTimeOut = GetFramesSleepTimeMicroseconds(userFramesOut, stream->out.wavex.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
+
+        sleepTime = GetSleepTime(stream, sleepTimeIn, sleepTimeOut, userFramesOut);
+
+        // Setup thread sleep scheduler
+        ThreadIdleScheduler_Setup(scheduler, 1, sleepTime/* microseconds here */);
+        sleepTime = 0;
+    }
+
+    return sleepTime;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static inline INT32 GetNextSleepTime(SystemTimer *timer, ThreadIdleScheduler *scheduler, LONGLONG startTime,
+    UINT32 sleepTime)
+{
+    INT32 nextSleepTime;
+    INT32 procTime;
+
+    // Get next sleep time
+    if (sleepTime == 0)
+        nextSleepTime = ThreadIdleScheduler_NextSleep(scheduler);
+    else
+        nextSleepTime = sleepTime;
+
+    // Adjust next sleep time dynamically depending on how much time was spent in ProcessOutputBuffer/ProcessInputBuffer
+    // therefore periodicity will not jitter or be increased for the amount of time spent in processing;
+    // example when sleepTime is 10 ms where [] is polling time slot, {} processing time slot:
+    //
+    // [9],{2},[8],{1},[9],{1},[9],{3},[7],{2},[8],{3},[7],{2},[8],{2},[8],{3},[7],{2},[8],...
+    //
+    procTime = (INT32)(SystemTimer_GetTime(timer) - startTime);
+    nextSleepTime -= procTime;
+    if (nextSleepTime < timer->granularity)
+        nextSleepTime = 0;
+    else
+    if (timer->granularity > 1)
+        nextSleepTime = ALIGN_BWD(nextSleepTime, timer->granularity);
+
+#ifdef PA_WASAPI_LOG_TIME_SLOTS
+    printf("{%d},", procTime);
+#endif
+
+    return nextSleepTime;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+PA_THREAD_FUNC ProcThreadPoll(void *param)
+{
+    PaWasapiHostProcessor processor[S_COUNT];
+    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
+    PaWasapiStream *stream = (PaWasapiStream *)param;
+    PaWasapiHostProcessor defaultProcessor;
+    INT32 i;
+    ThreadIdleScheduler scheduler;
+    SystemTimer timer;
+    LONGLONG startTime;
+    UINT32 sleepTime;
+    INT32 nextSleepTime = 0; //! Do first loop without waiting as time could be spent when calling other APIs before ProcessXXXBuffer.
+    BOOL threadComInitialized = FALSE;
+#ifdef PA_WASAPI_LOG_TIME_SLOTS
+    LONGLONG startWaitTime;
+#endif
+
+    // Notify: WASAPI-specific stream state
+    NotifyStateChanged(stream, paWasapiStreamStateThreadPrepare, ERROR_SUCCESS);
+
+    // Prepare COM pointers
+    if (!PrepareComPointers(stream, &threadComInitialized))
+        return (UINT32)paUnanticipatedHostError;
+
+    // Request fine (1 ms) granularity of the system timer functions to guarantee correct logic around WaitForSingleObject
+    SystemTimer_SetGranularity(&timer, 1);
+
+    // Calculate sleep time of the processing loop (inside WaitForSingleObject)
+    sleepTime = ConfigureLoopSleepTimeAndScheduler(stream, &scheduler);
+
+    // Setup data processors
+    defaultProcessor.processor = WaspiHostProcessingLoop;
+    defaultProcessor.userData  = stream;
+    processor[S_INPUT] = (stream->hostProcessOverrideInput.processor != NULL ? stream->hostProcessOverrideInput : defaultProcessor);
+    processor[S_OUTPUT] = (stream->hostProcessOverrideOutput.processor != NULL ? stream->hostProcessOverrideOutput : defaultProcessor);
+
+    // Boost thread priority
+    PaWasapi_ThreadPriorityBoost((void **)&stream->hAvTask, stream->nThreadPriority);
+
+    // Signal: stream active (reconfirm)
+    stream->isActive = TRUE;
+
+    // Notify: thread started
+    SetEvent(stream->hThreadStart);
+
+    // Initialize event & start INPUT stream
+    if (stream->in.clientProc)
+    {
+        if ((hr = IAudioClient_Start(stream->in.clientProc)) != S_OK)
+        {
+            LogHostError(hr);
+            goto thread_error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Initialize event & start OUTPUT stream
+    if (stream->out.clientProc)
+    {
+        // Preload buffer (obligatory, othervise ->Start() will fail), avoid processing
+        // when in full-duplex mode as it requires input processing as well
+        if (!PA_WASAPI__IS_FULLDUPLEX(stream))
+        {
+            UINT32 frames = 0;
+            if ((hr = _PollGetOutputFramesAvailable(stream, &frames)) == S_OK)
+            {
+                if (stream->bufferMode == paUtilFixedHostBufferSize)
+                {
+                    // It is important to preload whole host buffer to avoid underruns/glitches when stream is started,
+                    // for more details see the discussion: https://github.com/PortAudio/portaudio/issues/303
+                    while ((frames >= stream->out.framesPerBuffer) && !CheckForStop(stream))
+                    {
+                        if ((hr = ProcessOutputBuffer(stream, processor, stream->out.framesPerBuffer)) != S_OK)
+                        {
+                            LogHostError(hr); // not fatal, just log
+                            break;
+                        }
+
+                        frames -= stream->out.framesPerBuffer;
+                    }
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    // Some devices may not start (will get stuck with 0 ready frames) if data not prefetched
+                    if (frames == 0)
+                        frames = stream->out.framesPerBuffer;
+
+                    // USB DACs report large buffer in Exclusive mode and if it is filled fully will stuck in
+                    // non playing state, e.g. IAudioClient_GetCurrentPadding() will start reporting max buffer size
+                    // constantly, thus preload data size equal to the user buffer to allow process going
+                    if ((stream->out.shareMode == AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE) && (frames >= (stream->out.framesPerBuffer * 2)))
+                        frames -= stream->out.framesPerBuffer;
+
+                    if ((hr = ProcessOutputBuffer(stream, processor, frames)) != S_OK)
+                    {
+                        LogHostError(hr); // not fatal, just log
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                LogHostError(hr); // not fatal, just log
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Start
+        if ((hr = IAudioClient_Start(stream->out.clientProc)) != S_OK)
+        {
+            LogHostError(hr);
+            goto thread_error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Notify: WASAPI-specific stream state
+    NotifyStateChanged(stream, paWasapiStreamStateThreadStart, ERROR_SUCCESS);
+
+#ifdef PA_WASAPI_LOG_TIME_SLOTS
+    startWaitTime = SystemTimer_GetTime(&timer);
+#endif
+
+    if (!PA_WASAPI__IS_FULLDUPLEX(stream))
+    {
+        // Processing Loop
+        while (!CheckForStopOrWait(stream, nextSleepTime))
+        {
+            startTime = SystemTimer_GetTime(&timer);
+
+        #ifdef PA_WASAPI_LOG_TIME_SLOTS
+            printf("[%d|%d],", nextSleepTime, (INT32)(startTime - startWaitTime));
+        #endif
+
+            for (i = 0; i < S_COUNT; ++i)
+            {
+                // Process S_INPUT/S_OUTPUT
+                switch (i)
+                {
+                // Input stream
+                case S_INPUT: {
+
+                    if (stream->captureClient == NULL)
+                        break;
+
+                    if ((hr = ProcessInputBuffer(stream, processor)) != S_OK)
+                    {
+                        LogHostError(hr);
+                        goto thread_error;
+                    }
+
+                    break; }
+
+                // Output stream
+                case S_OUTPUT: {
+
+                    UINT32 framesAvail;
+
+                    if (stream->renderClient == NULL)
+                        break;
+
+                    // Get available frames
+                    if ((hr = _PollGetOutputFramesAvailable(stream, &framesAvail)) != S_OK)
+                    {
+                        LogHostError(hr);
+                        goto thread_error;
+                    }
+
+                    // Output data to the user callback
+                    if (stream->bufferMode == paUtilFixedHostBufferSize)
+                    {
+                        UINT32 framesProc = stream->out.framesPerBuffer;
+
+                        // If we got less frames avoid sleeping again as it might be the corner case and buffer
+                        // has sufficient number of frames now, in case 'out.framesPerBuffer' is 1/2 of the host
+                        // buffer sleeping again may cause underruns. Do short busy waiting (normally might take
+                        // 1-2 iterations)
+                        if (framesAvail < framesProc)
+                        {
+                            nextSleepTime = 0;
+                            continue;
+                        }
+
+                        do
+                        {
+                            if ((hr = ProcessOutputBuffer(stream, processor, framesProc)) != S_OK)
+                            {
+                                LogHostError(hr);
+                                goto thread_error;
+                            }
+
+                            framesAvail -= framesProc;
+                        }
+                        while ((framesAvail >= framesProc) && !CheckForStop(stream));
+                    }
+                    else
+                    if (framesAvail != 0)
+                    {
+                        if ((hr = ProcessOutputBuffer(stream, processor, framesAvail)) != S_OK)
+                        {
+                            LogHostError(hr);
+                            goto thread_error;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    break; }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Get next sleep time
+            nextSleepTime = GetNextSleepTime(&timer, &scheduler, startTime, sleepTime);
+
+        #ifdef PA_WASAPI_LOG_TIME_SLOTS
+            startWaitTime = SystemTimer_GetTime(&timer);
+        #endif
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        // Processing Loop (full-duplex)
+        while (!CheckForStopOrWait(stream, nextSleepTime))
+        {
+            UINT32 i_frames = 0, i_processed = 0, o_frames = 0;
+            BYTE *i_data = NULL, *o_data = NULL, *o_data_host = NULL;
+            DWORD i_flags = 0;
+
+            startTime = SystemTimer_GetTime(&timer);
+
+        #ifdef PA_WASAPI_LOG_TIME_SLOTS
+            printf("[%d|%d],", nextSleepTime, (INT32)(startTime - startWaitTime));
+        #endif
+
+            // get available frames
+            if ((hr = _PollGetOutputFramesAvailable(stream, &o_frames)) != S_OK)
+            {
+                LogHostError(hr);
+                break;
+            }
+
+            while (o_frames != 0)
+            {
+                // get host input buffer
+                if ((hr = IAudioCaptureClient_GetBuffer(stream->captureClient, &i_data, &i_frames, &i_flags, NULL, NULL)) != S_OK)
+                {
+                    if (hr == AUDCLNT_S_BUFFER_EMPTY)
+                        break; // no data in capture buffer
+
+                    LogHostError(hr);
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // process equal amount of frames
+                if (o_frames >= i_frames)
+                {
+                    // process input amount of frames
+                    UINT32 o_processed = i_frames;
+
+                    // get host output buffer
+                    if ((hr = IAudioRenderClient_GetBuffer(stream->renderClient, o_processed, &o_data)) == S_OK)
+                    {
+                        // processed amount of i_frames
+                        i_processed = i_frames;
+                        o_data_host = o_data;
+
+                        // convert output mono
+                        if (stream->out.monoMixer)
+                        {
+                            UINT32 mono_frames_size = o_processed * (stream->out.wavex.Format.wBitsPerSample / 8);
+                            // expand buffer
+                            if (mono_frames_size > stream->out.monoBufferSize)
+                            {
+                                stream->out.monoBuffer = PaWasapi_ReallocateMemory(stream->out.monoBuffer, (stream->out.monoBufferSize = mono_frames_size));
+                                if (stream->out.monoBuffer == NULL)
+                                {
+                                    // release input buffer
+                                    IAudioCaptureClient_ReleaseBuffer(stream->captureClient, 0);
+                                    // release output buffer
+                                    IAudioRenderClient_ReleaseBuffer(stream->renderClient, 0, 0);
+
+                                    LogPaError(paInsufficientMemory);
+                                    goto thread_error;
+                                }
+                            }
+
+                            // replace buffer pointer
+                            o_data = (BYTE *)stream->out.monoBuffer;
+                        }
+
+                        // convert input mono
+                        if (stream->in.monoMixer)
+                        {
+                            UINT32 mono_frames_size = i_processed * (stream->in.wavex.Format.wBitsPerSample / 8);
+                            // expand buffer
+                            if (mono_frames_size > stream->in.monoBufferSize)
+                            {
+                                stream->in.monoBuffer = PaWasapi_ReallocateMemory(stream->in.monoBuffer, (stream->in.monoBufferSize = mono_frames_size));
+                                if (stream->in.monoBuffer == NULL)
+                                {
+                                    // release input buffer
+                                    IAudioCaptureClient_ReleaseBuffer(stream->captureClient, 0);
+                                    // release output buffer
+                                    IAudioRenderClient_ReleaseBuffer(stream->renderClient, 0, 0);
+
+                                    LogPaError(paInsufficientMemory);
+                                    goto thread_error;
+                                }
+                            }
+
+                            // mix 2 to 1 input channels
+                            stream->in.monoMixer(stream->in.monoBuffer, i_data, i_processed);
+
+                            // replace buffer pointer
+                            i_data = (BYTE *)stream->in.monoBuffer;
+                        }
+
+                        // process
+                        processor[S_FULLDUPLEX].processor(i_data, i_processed, o_data, o_processed, processor[S_FULLDUPLEX].userData);
+
+                        // mix 1 to 2 output channels
+                        if (stream->out.monoBuffer)
+                            stream->out.monoMixer(o_data_host, stream->out.monoBuffer, o_processed);
+
+                        // release host output buffer
+                        if ((hr = IAudioRenderClient_ReleaseBuffer(stream->renderClient, o_processed, 0)) != S_OK)
+                            LogHostError(hr);
+
+                        o_frames -= o_processed;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        if (stream->out.shareMode != AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_SHARED)
+                            LogHostError(hr); // be silent in shared mode, try again next time
+                    }
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    i_processed = 0;
+                    goto fd_release_buffer_in;
+                }
+
+fd_release_buffer_in:
+
+                // release host input buffer
+                if ((hr = IAudioCaptureClient_ReleaseBuffer(stream->captureClient, i_processed)) != S_OK)
+                {
+                    LogHostError(hr);
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // break processing, input hasn't been accumulated yet
+                if (i_processed == 0)
+                    break;
+            }
+
+            // Get next sleep time
+            nextSleepTime = GetNextSleepTime(&timer, &scheduler, startTime, sleepTime);
+
+        #ifdef PA_WASAPI_LOG_TIME_SLOTS
+            startWaitTime = SystemTimer_GetTime(&timer);
+        #endif
+        }
+    }
+
+thread_end:
+
+    // Process stop
+    _StreamOnStop(stream);
+
+    // Release unmarshaled COM pointers
+    FinishComPointers(stream, threadComInitialized);
+
+    // Restore system timer granularity
+    SystemTimer_RestoreGranularity(&timer);
+
+    // Notify: state inactive
+    stream->isActive = FALSE;
+
+    // Notify: thread exited
+    SetEvent(stream->hThreadExit);
+
+    // Notify: WASAPI-specific stream state
+    NotifyStateChanged(stream, paWasapiStreamStateThreadStop, hr);
+
+    return 0;
+
+thread_error:
+
+    // Prevent deadlocking in Pa_StreamStart
+    SetEvent(stream->hThreadStart);
+
+    // Exit
+    goto thread_end;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void *PaWasapi_ReallocateMemory(void *prev, size_t size)
+{
+    void *ret = realloc(prev, size);
+    if (ret == NULL)
+    {
+        PaWasapi_FreeMemory(prev);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void PaWasapi_FreeMemory(void *ptr)
+{
+    free(ptr);
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/readme.txt b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/readme.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0cfa0fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wasapi/readme.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+**************
+* WASAPI API *
+**************
+
+-------------------------------------------
+Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 SP1 and higher
+-------------------------------------------
+No specific action is required to compile WASAPI API under Visual Studio.
+You are only required to install min. Windows Vista SDK (v6.0A) prior
+the compilation. To compile with WASAPI specific functionality for Windows 8
+and higher the min. Windows 8 SDK is required.
+
+----------------------------------------
+MinGW (GCC 32/64-bit)
+----------------------------------------
+To compile with MinGW you are required to include 'mingw-include' directory
+which contains necessary files with WASAPI API. These files are modified
+for the compatibility with MinGW compiler. These files are taken from 
+the Windows Vista SDK (v6.0A). MinGW compilation is tested and proved to be
+fully working.
+MinGW   (32-bit) tested min. version: gcc version 4.4.0 (GCC)
+MinGW64 (64-bit) tested min. version: gcc version 4.4.4 20100226 (prerelease) (GCC)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wdmks/pa_win_wdmks.c b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wdmks/pa_win_wdmks.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..39433c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wdmks/pa_win_wdmks.c
@@ -0,0 +1,6806 @@
+/*
+* $Id$
+* PortAudio Windows WDM-KS interface
+*
+* Author: Andrew Baldwin, Robert Bielik (WaveRT)
+* Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+* Copyright (c) 1999-2004 Andrew Baldwin, Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+*
+* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+* a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+* (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+* including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+* publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+* and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+* subject to the following conditions:
+*
+* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+* included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+*
+* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+* MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+* ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+* CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+* WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+/*
+* The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+* the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+*
+* Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+* requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+* they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+* requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+* license above.
+*/
+
+/** @file
+@ingroup hostapi_src
+@brief Portaudio WDM-KS host API.
+
+@note This is the implementation of the Portaudio host API using the
+Windows WDM/Kernel Streaming API in order to enable very low latency
+playback and recording on all modern Windows platforms (e.g. 2K, XP, Vista, Win7)
+Note: This API accesses the device drivers below the usual KMIXER
+component which is normally used to enable multi-client mixing and
+format conversion. That means that it will lock out all other users
+of a device for the duration of active stream using those devices
+*/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#if (defined(_WIN32) && (defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1200))) /* MSC version 6 and above */
+#pragma comment( lib, "setupapi.lib" )
+#endif
+
+/* Debugging/tracing support */
+
+#define PA_LOGE_
+#define PA_LOGL_
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#include <initguid.h>
+#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0501
+#define WINVER 0x0501
+#endif
+
+#include <string.h> /* strlen() */
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <wchar.h>  /* iswspace() */
+
+#include "pa_util.h"
+#include "pa_allocation.h"
+#include "pa_hostapi.h"
+#include "pa_stream.h"
+#include "pa_cpuload.h"
+#include "pa_process.h"
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_debugprint.h"
+#include "pa_memorybarrier.h"
+#include "pa_ringbuffer.h"
+#include "pa_trace.h"
+#include "pa_win_waveformat.h"
+
+#include "pa_win_wdmks.h"
+
+#ifndef DRV_QUERYDEVICEINTERFACE
+#define DRV_QUERYDEVICEINTERFACE     (DRV_RESERVED + 12)
+#endif
+#ifndef DRV_QUERYDEVICEINTERFACESIZE
+#define DRV_QUERYDEVICEINTERFACESIZE (DRV_RESERVED + 13)
+#endif
+
+#include <windows.h>
+#ifndef __GNUC__ /* Fix for ticket #257: MinGW-w64: Inclusion of <winioctl.h> triggers multiple redefinition errors. */
+#include <winioctl.h>
+#endif
+#include <process.h>
+
+#include <math.h>
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#define snprintf _snprintf
+#define vsnprintf _vsnprintf
+#endif
+
+/* The PA_HP_TRACE macro is used in RT parts, so it can be switched off without affecting
+the rest of the debug tracing */
+#if 1
+#define PA_HP_TRACE(x)  PaUtil_AddHighSpeedLogMessage x ;
+#else
+#define PA_HP_TRACE(x)
+#endif
+
+/* A define that selects whether the resulting pin names are chosen from pin category
+instead of the available pin names, who sometimes can be quite cheesy, like "Volume control".
+Default is to use the pin category.
+*/
+#ifndef PA_WDMKS_USE_CATEGORY_FOR_PIN_NAMES
+#define PA_WDMKS_USE_CATEGORY_FOR_PIN_NAMES  1
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#undef PA_LOGE_
+#define PA_LOGE_ PA_DEBUG(("%s {\n",__FUNCTION__))
+#undef PA_LOGL_
+#define PA_LOGL_ PA_DEBUG(("} %s\n",__FUNCTION__))
+/* These defines are set in order to allow the WIndows DirectX
+* headers to compile with a GCC compiler such as MinGW
+* NOTE: The headers may generate a few warning in GCC, but
+* they should compile */
+#define _INC_MMSYSTEM
+#define _INC_MMREG
+#define _NTRTL_ /* Turn off default definition of DEFINE_GUIDEX */
+#define DEFINE_GUID_THUNK(name,guid) DEFINE_GUID(name,guid)
+#define DEFINE_GUIDEX(n) DEFINE_GUID_THUNK( n, STATIC_##n )
+#if !defined( DEFINE_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID )
+#define DEFINE_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID(x) (USHORT)(x), 0x0000, 0x0010, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0xaa, 0x00, 0x38, 0x9b, 0x71
+#endif
+#define  WAVE_FORMAT_ADPCM      0x0002
+#define  WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT 0x0003
+#define  WAVE_FORMAT_ALAW       0x0006
+#define  WAVE_FORMAT_MULAW      0x0007
+#define  WAVE_FORMAT_MPEG       0x0050
+#define  WAVE_FORMAT_DRM        0x0009
+#define DYNAMIC_GUID_THUNK(l,w1,w2,b1,b2,b3,b4,b5,b6,b7,b8) {l,w1,w2,{b1,b2,b3,b4,b5,b6,b7,b8}}
+#define DYNAMIC_GUID(data) DYNAMIC_GUID_THUNK(data)
+#endif
+
+/* use CreateThread for CYGWIN/Windows Mobile, _beginthreadex for all others */
+#if !defined(__CYGWIN__) && !defined(_WIN32_WCE)
+#define CREATE_THREAD_FUNCTION (HANDLE)_beginthreadex
+#define PA_THREAD_FUNC static unsigned WINAPI
+#else
+#define CREATE_THREAD_FUNCTION CreateThread
+#define PA_THREAD_FUNC static DWORD WINAPI
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#define NOMMIDS
+#define DYNAMIC_GUID(data) {data}
+#define _NTRTL_ /* Turn off default definition of DEFINE_GUIDEX */
+#undef DEFINE_GUID
+#if defined(__clang__) || (defined(_MSVC_TRADITIONAL) && !_MSVC_TRADITIONAL) /* clang-cl and new msvc preprocessor: avoid too many arguments error */
+    #define DEFINE_GUID(n, ...) EXTERN_C const GUID n = {__VA_ARGS__}
+    #define DEFINE_GUID_THUNK(n, ...) DEFINE_GUID(n, __VA_ARGS__)
+    #define DEFINE_GUIDEX(n) DEFINE_GUID_THUNK(n, STATIC_##n)
+#else
+    #define DEFINE_GUID(n, data) EXTERN_C const GUID n = {data}
+    #define DEFINE_GUID_THUNK(n, data) DEFINE_GUID(n, data)
+    #define DEFINE_GUIDEX(n) DEFINE_GUID_THUNK(n, STATIC_##n)
+#endif /* __clang__, !_MSVC_TRADITIONAL */
+#endif
+
+#include <setupapi.h>
+
+#ifndef EXTERN_C
+#define EXTERN_C extern
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+
+/* For MinGW we reference mingw-include files supplied with WASAPI */
+#define WINBOOL BOOL
+
+#include "../wasapi/mingw-include/ks.h"
+#include "../wasapi/mingw-include/ksmedia.h"
+
+#else
+
+#include <mmreg.h>
+#include <ks.h>
+
+/* Note that Windows SDK V6.0A or later is needed for WaveRT specific structs to be present in
+   ksmedia.h. Also make sure that the SDK include path is before other include paths (that may contain
+   an "old" ksmedia.h), so the proper ksmedia.h is used */
+#include <ksmedia.h>
+
+#endif
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+/* These next definitions allow the use of the KSUSER DLL */
+typedef /*KSDDKAPI*/ DWORD WINAPI KSCREATEPIN(HANDLE, PKSPIN_CONNECT, ACCESS_MASK, PHANDLE);
+extern HMODULE      DllKsUser;
+extern KSCREATEPIN* FunctionKsCreatePin;
+
+/* These definitions allows the use of AVRT.DLL on Vista and later OSs */
+typedef enum _PA_AVRT_PRIORITY
+{
+    PA_AVRT_PRIORITY_LOW = -1,
+    PA_AVRT_PRIORITY_NORMAL,
+    PA_AVRT_PRIORITY_HIGH,
+    PA_AVRT_PRIORITY_CRITICAL
+} PA_AVRT_PRIORITY, *PPA_AVRT_PRIORITY;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    HINSTANCE hInstance;
+
+    HANDLE  (WINAPI *AvSetMmThreadCharacteristics) (LPCSTR, LPDWORD);
+    BOOL    (WINAPI *AvRevertMmThreadCharacteristics) (HANDLE);
+    BOOL    (WINAPI *AvSetMmThreadPriority) (HANDLE, PA_AVRT_PRIORITY);
+} PaWinWDMKSAvRtEntryPoints;
+
+static PaWinWDMKSAvRtEntryPoints paWinWDMKSAvRtEntryPoints = {0};
+
+/* An unspecified channel count (-1) is not treated correctly, so we replace it with
+* an arbitrarily large number */
+#define MAXIMUM_NUMBER_OF_CHANNELS 256
+
+/* Forward definition to break circular type reference between pin and filter */
+struct __PaWinWdmFilter;
+typedef struct __PaWinWdmFilter PaWinWdmFilter;
+
+struct __PaWinWdmPin;
+typedef struct __PaWinWdmPin PaWinWdmPin;
+
+struct __PaWinWdmStream;
+typedef struct __PaWinWdmStream PaWinWdmStream;
+
+/* Function prototype for getting audio position */
+typedef PaError (*FunctionGetPinAudioPosition)(PaWinWdmPin*, unsigned long*);
+
+/* Function prototype for memory barrier */
+typedef void (*FunctionMemoryBarrier)(void);
+
+struct __PaProcessThreadInfo;
+typedef struct __PaProcessThreadInfo PaProcessThreadInfo;
+
+typedef PaError (*FunctionPinHandler)(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex);
+
+typedef enum __PaStreamStartEnum
+{
+    StreamStart_kOk,
+    StreamStart_kFailed,
+    StreamStart_kCnt
+} PaStreamStartEnum;
+
+/* Multiplexed input structure.
+*  Very often several physical inputs are multiplexed through a MUX node (represented in the topology filter) */
+typedef struct __PaWinWdmMuxedInput
+{
+    wchar_t                     friendlyName[MAX_PATH];
+    ULONG                       muxPinId;
+    ULONG                       muxNodeId;
+    ULONG                       endpointPinId;
+} PaWinWdmMuxedInput;
+
+/* The Pin structure
+* A pin is an input or output node, e.g. for audio flow */
+struct __PaWinWdmPin
+{
+    HANDLE                      handle;
+    PaWinWdmMuxedInput**        inputs;
+    unsigned                    inputCount;
+    wchar_t                     friendlyName[MAX_PATH];
+
+    PaWinWdmFilter*             parentFilter;
+    PaWDMKSSubType              pinKsSubType;
+    unsigned long               pinId;
+    unsigned long               endpointPinId;  /* For output pins */
+    KSPIN_CONNECT*              pinConnect;
+    unsigned long               pinConnectSize;
+    KSDATAFORMAT_WAVEFORMATEX*  ksDataFormatWfx;
+    KSPIN_COMMUNICATION         communication;
+    KSDATARANGE*                dataRanges;
+    KSMULTIPLE_ITEM*            dataRangesItem;
+    KSPIN_DATAFLOW              dataFlow;
+    KSPIN_CINSTANCES            instances;
+    unsigned long               frameSize;
+    int                         maxChannels;
+    unsigned long               formats;
+    int                         defaultSampleRate;
+    ULONG                       *positionRegister;  /* WaveRT */
+    ULONG                       hwLatency;          /* WaveRT */
+    FunctionMemoryBarrier       fnMemBarrier;       /* WaveRT */
+    FunctionGetPinAudioPosition fnAudioPosition;    /* WaveRT */
+    FunctionPinHandler          fnEventHandler;
+    FunctionPinHandler          fnSubmitHandler;
+};
+
+/* The Filter structure
+* A filter has a number of pins and a "friendly name" */
+struct __PaWinWdmFilter
+{
+    HANDLE         handle;
+    PaWinWDMKSDeviceInfo    devInfo;  /* This will hold information that is exposed in PaDeviceInfo */
+
+    DWORD            deviceNode;
+    int            pinCount;
+    PaWinWdmPin**  pins;
+    PaWinWdmFilter*  topologyFilter;
+    wchar_t          friendlyName[MAX_PATH];
+    int              validPinCount;
+    int            usageCount;
+    KSMULTIPLE_ITEM* connections;
+    KSMULTIPLE_ITEM* nodes;
+    int              filterRefCount;
+};
+
+
+typedef struct __PaWinWdmDeviceInfo
+{
+    PaDeviceInfo    inheritedDeviceInfo;
+    char            compositeName[MAX_PATH];   /* Composite name consists of pin name + device name in utf8 */
+    PaWinWdmFilter* filter;
+    unsigned long   pin;
+    int             muxPosition;    /* Used only for input devices */
+    int             endpointPinId;
+}
+PaWinWdmDeviceInfo;
+
+/* PaWinWdmHostApiRepresentation - host api datastructure specific to this implementation */
+typedef struct __PaWinWdmHostApiRepresentation
+{
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation  inheritedHostApiRep;
+    PaUtilStreamInterface        callbackStreamInterface;
+    PaUtilStreamInterface        blockingStreamInterface;
+
+    PaUtilAllocationGroup*       allocations;
+    int                          deviceCount;
+}
+PaWinWdmHostApiRepresentation;
+
+typedef struct __DATAPACKET
+{
+    KSSTREAM_HEADER  Header;
+    OVERLAPPED       Signal;
+} DATAPACKET;
+
+typedef struct __PaIOPacket
+{
+    DATAPACKET*     packet;
+    unsigned        startByte;
+    unsigned        lengthBytes;
+} PaIOPacket;
+
+typedef struct __PaWinWdmIOInfo
+{
+    PaWinWdmPin*        pPin;
+    char*               hostBuffer;
+    unsigned            hostBufferSize;
+    unsigned            framesPerBuffer;
+    unsigned            bytesPerFrame;
+    unsigned            bytesPerSample;
+    unsigned            noOfPackets;    /* Only used in WaveCyclic */
+    HANDLE              *events;        /* noOfPackets handles (WaveCyclic) 1 (WaveRT) */
+    DATAPACKET          *packets;       /* noOfPackets packets (WaveCyclic) 2 (WaveRT) */
+    /* WaveRT polled mode */
+    unsigned            lastPosition;
+    unsigned            pollCntr;
+} PaWinWdmIOInfo;
+
+/* PaWinWdmStream - a stream data structure specifically for this implementation */
+struct __PaWinWdmStream
+{
+    PaUtilStreamRepresentation  streamRepresentation;
+    PaWDMKSSpecificStreamInfo   hostApiStreamInfo;    /* This holds info that is exposed through PaStreamInfo */
+    PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer       cpuLoadMeasurer;
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor       bufferProcessor;
+
+#if PA_TRACE_REALTIME_EVENTS
+    LogHandle                   hLog;
+#endif
+
+    PaUtilAllocationGroup*      allocGroup;
+    PaWinWdmIOInfo              capture;
+    PaWinWdmIOInfo              render;
+    int                         streamStarted;
+    int                         streamActive;
+    int                         streamStop;
+    int                         streamAbort;
+    int                         oldProcessPriority;
+    HANDLE                      streamThread;
+    HANDLE                      eventAbort;
+    HANDLE                      eventStreamStart[StreamStart_kCnt];        /* 0 = OK, 1 = Failed */
+    PaError                     threadResult;
+    PaStreamFlags               streamFlags;
+
+    /* Capture ring buffer */
+    PaUtilRingBuffer            ringBuffer;
+    char*                       ringBufferData;
+
+    /* These values handle the case where the user wants to use fewer
+    * channels than the device has */
+    int                         userInputChannels;
+    int                         deviceInputChannels;
+    int                         userOutputChannels;
+    int                         deviceOutputChannels;
+};
+
+/* Gather all processing variables in a struct */
+struct __PaProcessThreadInfo
+{
+    PaWinWdmStream              *stream;
+    PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo    ti;
+    PaStreamCallbackFlags       underover;
+    int                         cbResult;
+    volatile int                pending;
+    volatile int                priming;
+    volatile int                pinsStarted;
+    unsigned long               timeout;
+    unsigned                    captureHead;
+    unsigned                    captureTail;
+    unsigned                    renderHead;
+    unsigned                    renderTail;
+    PaIOPacket                  capturePackets[4];
+    PaIOPacket                  renderPackets[4];
+};
+
+/* Used for transferring device infos during scanning / rescanning */
+typedef struct __PaWinWDMScanDeviceInfosResults
+{
+    PaDeviceInfo **deviceInfos;
+    PaDeviceIndex defaultInputDevice;
+    PaDeviceIndex defaultOutputDevice;
+} PaWinWDMScanDeviceInfosResults;
+
+static const unsigned cPacketsArrayMask = 3;
+
+HMODULE      DllKsUser = NULL;
+KSCREATEPIN* FunctionKsCreatePin = NULL;
+
+/* prototypes for functions declared in this file */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+    PaError PaWinWdm_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+/* Low level I/O functions */
+static PaError WdmSyncIoctl(HANDLE handle,
+                            unsigned long ioctlNumber,
+                            void* inBuffer,
+                            unsigned long inBufferCount,
+                            void* outBuffer,
+                            unsigned long outBufferCount,
+                            unsigned long* bytesReturned);
+
+static PaError WdmGetPropertySimple(HANDLE handle,
+                                    const GUID* const guidPropertySet,
+                                    unsigned long property,
+                                    void* value,
+                                    unsigned long valueCount);
+
+static PaError WdmSetPropertySimple(HANDLE handle,
+                                    const GUID* const guidPropertySet,
+                                    unsigned long property,
+                                    void* value,
+                                    unsigned long valueCount,
+                                    void* instance,
+                                    unsigned long instanceCount);
+
+static PaError WdmGetPinPropertySimple(HANDLE  handle,
+                                       unsigned long pinId,
+                                       const GUID* const guidPropertySet,
+                                       unsigned long property,
+                                       void* value,
+                                       unsigned long valueCount,
+                                       unsigned long* byteCount);
+
+static PaError WdmGetPinPropertyMulti(HANDLE  handle,
+                                      unsigned long pinId,
+                                      const GUID* const guidPropertySet,
+                                      unsigned long property,
+                                      KSMULTIPLE_ITEM** ksMultipleItem);
+
+static PaError WdmGetPropertyMulti(HANDLE handle,
+                                   const GUID* const guidPropertySet,
+                                   unsigned long property,
+                                   KSMULTIPLE_ITEM** ksMultipleItem);
+
+static PaError WdmSetMuxNodeProperty(HANDLE handle,
+                                     ULONG nodeId,
+                                     ULONG pinId);
+
+
+/** Pin management functions */
+static PaWinWdmPin* PinNew(PaWinWdmFilter* parentFilter, unsigned long pinId, PaError* error);
+static void PinFree(PaWinWdmPin* pin);
+static void PinClose(PaWinWdmPin* pin);
+static PaError PinInstantiate(PaWinWdmPin* pin);
+/*static PaError PinGetState(PaWinWdmPin* pin, KSSTATE* state); NOT USED */
+static PaError PinSetState(PaWinWdmPin* pin, KSSTATE state);
+static PaError PinSetFormat(PaWinWdmPin* pin, const WAVEFORMATEX* format);
+static PaError PinIsFormatSupported(PaWinWdmPin* pin, const WAVEFORMATEX* format);
+/* WaveRT support */
+static PaError PinQueryNotificationSupport(PaWinWdmPin* pPin, BOOL* pbResult);
+static PaError PinGetBuffer(PaWinWdmPin* pPin, void** pBuffer, DWORD* pRequestedBufSize, BOOL* pbCallMemBarrier);
+static PaError PinRegisterPositionRegister(PaWinWdmPin* pPin);
+static PaError PinRegisterNotificationHandle(PaWinWdmPin* pPin, HANDLE handle);
+static PaError PinUnregisterNotificationHandle(PaWinWdmPin* pPin, HANDLE handle);
+static PaError PinGetHwLatency(PaWinWdmPin* pPin, ULONG* pFifoSize, ULONG* pChipsetDelay, ULONG* pCodecDelay);
+static PaError PinGetAudioPositionMemoryMapped(PaWinWdmPin* pPin, ULONG* pPosition);
+static PaError PinGetAudioPositionViaIOCTLRead(PaWinWdmPin* pPin, ULONG* pPosition);
+static PaError PinGetAudioPositionViaIOCTLWrite(PaWinWdmPin* pPin, ULONG* pPosition);
+
+/* Filter management functions */
+static PaWinWdmFilter* FilterNew(PaWDMKSType type, DWORD devNode, const wchar_t* filterName, const wchar_t* friendlyName, PaError* error);
+static PaError FilterInitializePins(PaWinWdmFilter* filter);
+static void FilterFree(PaWinWdmFilter* filter);
+static void FilterAddRef(PaWinWdmFilter* filter);
+static PaWinWdmPin* FilterCreatePin(
+                                    PaWinWdmFilter* filter,
+                                    int pinId,
+                                    const WAVEFORMATEX* wfex,
+                                    PaError* error);
+static PaError FilterUse(PaWinWdmFilter* filter);
+static void FilterRelease(PaWinWdmFilter* filter);
+
+/* Hot plug functions */
+static BOOL IsDeviceTheSame(const PaWinWdmDeviceInfo* pDev1,
+                            const PaWinWdmDeviceInfo* pDev2);
+
+/* Interface functions */
+static void Terminate( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi );
+static PaError IsFormatSupported(
+struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+    const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+    const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+    double sampleRate );
+
+static PaError ScanDeviceInfos( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index, void **newDeviceInfos, int *newDeviceCount );
+static PaError CommitDeviceInfos( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index, void *deviceInfos, int deviceCount );
+static PaError DisposeDeviceInfos( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi, void *deviceInfos, int deviceCount );
+
+static PaError OpenStream(
+struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+    PaStream** s,
+    const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+    const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+    double sampleRate,
+    unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+    PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+    PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+    void *userData );
+static PaError CloseStream( PaStream* stream );
+static PaError StartStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError StopStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError AbortStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError IsStreamStopped( PaStream *s );
+static PaError IsStreamActive( PaStream *stream );
+static PaTime GetStreamTime( PaStream *stream );
+static double GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream* stream );
+static PaError ReadStream(
+                          PaStream* stream,
+                          void *buffer,
+                          unsigned long frames );
+static PaError WriteStream(
+                           PaStream* stream,
+                           const void *buffer,
+                           unsigned long frames );
+static signed long GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream* stream );
+static signed long GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream* stream );
+
+/* Utility functions */
+static unsigned long GetWfexSize(const WAVEFORMATEX* wfex);
+static PaWinWdmFilter** BuildFilterList(int* filterCount, int* noOfPaDevices, PaError* result);
+static BOOL PinWrite(HANDLE h, DATAPACKET* p);
+static BOOL PinRead(HANDLE h, DATAPACKET* p);
+static void DuplicateFirstChannelInt16(void* buffer, int channels, int samples);
+static void DuplicateFirstChannelInt24(void* buffer, int channels, int samples);
+PA_THREAD_FUNC ProcessingThread(void*);
+
+/* Pin handler functions */
+static PaError PaPinCaptureEventHandler_WaveCyclic(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex);
+static PaError PaPinCaptureSubmitHandler_WaveCyclic(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex);
+
+static PaError PaPinRenderEventHandler_WaveCyclic(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex);
+static PaError PaPinRenderSubmitHandler_WaveCyclic(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex);
+
+static PaError PaPinCaptureEventHandler_WaveRTEvent(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex);
+static PaError PaPinCaptureEventHandler_WaveRTPolled(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex);
+static PaError PaPinCaptureSubmitHandler_WaveRTEvent(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex);
+static PaError PaPinCaptureSubmitHandler_WaveRTPolled(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex);
+
+static PaError PaPinRenderEventHandler_WaveRTEvent(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex);
+static PaError PaPinRenderEventHandler_WaveRTPolled(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex);
+static PaError PaPinRenderSubmitHandler_WaveRTEvent(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex);
+static PaError PaPinRenderSubmitHandler_WaveRTPolled(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex);
+
+/* Function bodies */
+
+#if defined(_DEBUG) && defined(PA_ENABLE_DEBUG_OUTPUT)
+#define PA_WDMKS_SET_TREF
+static PaTime tRef = 0;
+
+static void PaWinWdmDebugPrintf(const char* fmt, ...)
+{
+    va_list list;
+    char buffer[1024];
+    PaTime t = PaUtil_GetTime() - tRef;
+    va_start(list, fmt);
+    _vsnprintf(buffer, 1023, fmt, list);
+    va_end(list);
+    PaUtil_DebugPrint("%6.3lf: %s", t, buffer);
+}
+
+#ifdef PA_DEBUG
+#undef PA_DEBUG
+#define PA_DEBUG(x)    PaWinWdmDebugPrintf x ;
+#endif
+#endif
+
+static BOOL IsDeviceTheSame(const PaWinWdmDeviceInfo* pDev1,
+                            const PaWinWdmDeviceInfo* pDev2)
+{
+    if (pDev1 == NULL || pDev2 == NULL)
+        return FALSE;
+
+    if (pDev1 == pDev2)
+        return TRUE;
+
+    if (strcmp(pDev1->compositeName, pDev2->compositeName) == 0)
+        return TRUE;
+
+    return FALSE;
+}
+
+static BOOL IsEarlierThanVista()
+{
+/*
+NOTE: GetVersionEx() is deprecated as of Windows 8.1 and can not be used to reliably detect
+versions of Windows higher than Windows 8 (due to manifest requirements for reporting higher versions).
+Microsoft recommends switching to VerifyVersionInfo (available on Win 2k and later), however GetVersionEx
+is faster, for now we just disable the deprecation warning.
+See: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms724451(v=vs.85).aspx
+See: http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/678606/Part-Overcoming-Windows-s-deprecation-of-GetVe
+*/
+#pragma warning (disable : 4996) /* use of GetVersionEx */
+
+    OSVERSIONINFO osvi;
+    osvi.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(osvi);
+    if (GetVersionEx(&osvi) && osvi.dwMajorVersion<6)
+    {
+        return TRUE;
+    }
+    return FALSE;
+
+#pragma warning (default : 4996)
+}
+
+
+
+static void MemoryBarrierDummy(void)
+{
+    /* Do nothing */
+}
+
+static void MemoryBarrierRead(void)
+{
+    PaUtil_ReadMemoryBarrier();
+}
+
+static void MemoryBarrierWrite(void)
+{
+    PaUtil_WriteMemoryBarrier();
+}
+
+static unsigned long GetWfexSize(const WAVEFORMATEX* wfex)
+{
+    if( wfex->wFormatTag == WAVE_FORMAT_PCM )
+    {
+        return sizeof( WAVEFORMATEX );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return (sizeof( WAVEFORMATEX ) + wfex->cbSize);
+    }
+}
+
+static void PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(long errCode, const char* fmt, ...)
+{
+    va_list list;
+    char buffer[1024];
+    va_start(list, fmt);
+    _vsnprintf(buffer, 1023, fmt, list);
+    va_end(list);
+    PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo(paWDMKS, errCode, buffer);
+}
+
+/*
+Low level pin/filter access functions
+*/
+static PaError WdmSyncIoctl(
+                            HANDLE handle,
+                            unsigned long ioctlNumber,
+                            void* inBuffer,
+                            unsigned long inBufferCount,
+                            void* outBuffer,
+                            unsigned long outBufferCount,
+                            unsigned long* bytesReturned)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    unsigned long dummyBytesReturned = 0;
+    BOOL bRes;
+
+    if( !bytesReturned )
+    {
+        /* Use a dummy as the caller hasn't supplied one */
+        bytesReturned = &dummyBytesReturned;
+    }
+
+    bRes = DeviceIoControl(handle, ioctlNumber, inBuffer, inBufferCount, outBuffer, outBufferCount, bytesReturned, NULL);
+    if (!bRes)
+    {
+        unsigned long error = GetLastError();
+        if ( !(((error == ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER ) || ( error == ERROR_MORE_DATA )) &&
+            ( ioctlNumber == IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY ) &&
+            ( outBufferCount == 0 ) ) )
+        {
+            KSPROPERTY* ksProperty = (KSPROPERTY*)inBuffer;
+
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "WdmSyncIoctl: DeviceIoControl GLE = 0x%08X (prop_set = {%08X-%04X-%04X-%02X%02X-%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X}, prop_id = %u)",
+                error,
+                ksProperty->Set.Data1, ksProperty->Set.Data2, ksProperty->Set.Data3,
+                ksProperty->Set.Data4[0], ksProperty->Set.Data4[1],
+                ksProperty->Set.Data4[2], ksProperty->Set.Data4[3],
+                ksProperty->Set.Data4[4], ksProperty->Set.Data4[5],
+                ksProperty->Set.Data4[6], ksProperty->Set.Data4[7],
+                ksProperty->Id
+                );
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        }
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError WdmGetPropertySimple(HANDLE handle,
+                                    const GUID* const guidPropertySet,
+                                    unsigned long property,
+                                    void* value,
+                                    unsigned long valueCount)
+{
+    PaError result;
+    KSPROPERTY ksProperty;
+
+    ksProperty.Set = *guidPropertySet;
+    ksProperty.Id = property;
+    ksProperty.Flags = KSPROPERTY_TYPE_GET;
+
+    result = WdmSyncIoctl(
+        handle,
+        IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY,
+        &ksProperty,
+        sizeof(KSPROPERTY),
+        value,
+        valueCount,
+        NULL);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError WdmSetPropertySimple(
+                                    HANDLE handle,
+                                    const GUID* const guidPropertySet,
+                                    unsigned long property,
+                                    void* value,
+                                    unsigned long valueCount,
+                                    void* instance,
+                                    unsigned long instanceCount)
+{
+    PaError result;
+    KSPROPERTY* ksProperty;
+    unsigned long propertyCount  = 0;
+
+    propertyCount = sizeof(KSPROPERTY) + instanceCount;
+    ksProperty = (KSPROPERTY*)_alloca( propertyCount );
+    if( !ksProperty )
+    {
+        return paInsufficientMemory;
+    }
+
+    ksProperty->Set = *guidPropertySet;
+    ksProperty->Id = property;
+    ksProperty->Flags = KSPROPERTY_TYPE_SET;
+
+    if( instance )
+    {
+        memcpy((void*)((char*)ksProperty + sizeof(KSPROPERTY)), instance, instanceCount);
+    }
+
+    result = WdmSyncIoctl(
+        handle,
+        IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY,
+        ksProperty,
+        propertyCount,
+        value,
+        valueCount,
+        NULL);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError WdmGetPinPropertySimple(
+                                       HANDLE  handle,
+                                       unsigned long pinId,
+                                       const GUID* const guidPropertySet,
+                                       unsigned long property,
+                                       void* value,
+                                       unsigned long valueCount,
+                                       unsigned long *byteCount)
+{
+    PaError result;
+
+    KSP_PIN ksPProp;
+    ksPProp.Property.Set = *guidPropertySet;
+    ksPProp.Property.Id = property;
+    ksPProp.Property.Flags = KSPROPERTY_TYPE_GET;
+    ksPProp.PinId = pinId;
+    ksPProp.Reserved = 0;
+
+    result = WdmSyncIoctl(
+        handle,
+        IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY,
+        &ksPProp,
+        sizeof(KSP_PIN),
+        value,
+        valueCount,
+        byteCount);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError WdmGetPinPropertyMulti(
+                                      HANDLE handle,
+                                      unsigned long pinId,
+                                      const GUID* const guidPropertySet,
+                                      unsigned long property,
+                                      KSMULTIPLE_ITEM** ksMultipleItem)
+{
+    PaError result;
+    unsigned long multipleItemSize = 0;
+    KSP_PIN ksPProp;
+
+    ksPProp.Property.Set = *guidPropertySet;
+    ksPProp.Property.Id = property;
+    ksPProp.Property.Flags = KSPROPERTY_TYPE_GET;
+    ksPProp.PinId = pinId;
+    ksPProp.Reserved = 0;
+
+    result = WdmSyncIoctl(
+        handle,
+        IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY,
+        &ksPProp.Property,
+        sizeof(KSP_PIN),
+        NULL,
+        0,
+        &multipleItemSize);
+    if( result != paNoError )
+    {
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    *ksMultipleItem = (KSMULTIPLE_ITEM*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( multipleItemSize );
+    if( !*ksMultipleItem )
+    {
+        return paInsufficientMemory;
+    }
+
+    result = WdmSyncIoctl(
+        handle,
+        IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY,
+        &ksPProp,
+        sizeof(KSP_PIN),
+        (void*)*ksMultipleItem,
+        multipleItemSize,
+        NULL);
+
+    if( result != paNoError )
+    {
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( ksMultipleItem );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError WdmGetPropertyMulti(HANDLE handle,
+                                   const GUID* const guidPropertySet,
+                                   unsigned long property,
+                                   KSMULTIPLE_ITEM** ksMultipleItem)
+{
+    PaError result;
+    unsigned long multipleItemSize = 0;
+    KSPROPERTY ksProp;
+
+    ksProp.Set = *guidPropertySet;
+    ksProp.Id = property;
+    ksProp.Flags = KSPROPERTY_TYPE_GET;
+
+    result = WdmSyncIoctl(
+        handle,
+        IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY,
+        &ksProp,
+        sizeof(KSPROPERTY),
+        NULL,
+        0,
+        &multipleItemSize);
+    if( result != paNoError )
+    {
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    *ksMultipleItem = (KSMULTIPLE_ITEM*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( multipleItemSize );
+    if( !*ksMultipleItem )
+    {
+        return paInsufficientMemory;
+    }
+
+    result = WdmSyncIoctl(
+        handle,
+        IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY,
+        &ksProp,
+        sizeof(KSPROPERTY),
+        (void*)*ksMultipleItem,
+        multipleItemSize,
+        NULL);
+
+    if( result != paNoError )
+    {
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( ksMultipleItem );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError WdmSetMuxNodeProperty(HANDLE handle,
+                                     ULONG nodeId,
+                                     ULONG pinId)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    KSNODEPROPERTY prop;
+    prop.Property.Set = KSPROPSETID_Audio;
+    prop.Property.Id = KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_MUX_SOURCE;
+    prop.Property.Flags = KSPROPERTY_TYPE_SET | KSPROPERTY_TYPE_TOPOLOGY;
+    prop.NodeId = nodeId;
+    prop.Reserved = 0;
+
+    result = WdmSyncIoctl(handle, IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY, &prop, sizeof(KSNODEPROPERTY), &pinId, sizeof(ULONG), NULL);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/* Used when traversing topology for outputs */
+static const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* GetConnectionTo(const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* pFrom, PaWinWdmFilter* filter, int muxIdx)
+{
+    unsigned i;
+    const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* retval = NULL;
+    const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* connections = (const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION*)(filter->connections + 1);
+    (void)muxIdx;
+    PA_DEBUG(("GetConnectionTo: Checking %u connections... (pFrom = %p)", filter->connections->Count, pFrom));
+    for (i = 0; i < filter->connections->Count; ++i)
+    {
+        const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* pConn = connections + i;
+        if (pConn == pFrom)
+            continue;
+
+        if (pConn->FromNode == pFrom->ToNode)
+        {
+            retval = pConn;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    PA_DEBUG(("GetConnectionTo: Returning %p\n", retval));
+    return retval;
+}
+
+/* Used when traversing topology for inputs */
+static const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* GetConnectionFrom(const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* pTo, PaWinWdmFilter* filter, int muxIdx)
+{
+    unsigned i;
+    const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* retval = NULL;
+    const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* connections = (const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION*)(filter->connections + 1);
+    int muxCntr = 0;
+    PA_DEBUG(("GetConnectionFrom: Checking %u connections... (pTo = %p)\n", filter->connections->Count, pTo));
+    for (i = 0; i < filter->connections->Count; ++i)
+    {
+        const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* pConn = connections + i;
+        if (pConn == pTo)
+            continue;
+
+        if (pConn->ToNode == pTo->FromNode)
+        {
+            if (muxIdx >= 0)
+            {
+                if (muxCntr < muxIdx)
+                {
+                    ++muxCntr;
+                    continue;
+                }
+            }
+            retval = pConn;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    PA_DEBUG(("GetConnectionFrom: Returning %p\n", retval));
+    return retval;
+}
+
+static ULONG GetNumberOfConnectionsTo(const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* pTo, PaWinWdmFilter* filter)
+{
+    ULONG retval = 0;
+    unsigned i;
+    const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* connections = (const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION*)(filter->connections + 1);
+    PA_DEBUG(("GetNumberOfConnectionsTo: Checking %u connections...\n", filter->connections->Count));
+    for (i = 0; i < filter->connections->Count; ++i)
+    {
+        const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* pConn = connections + i;
+        if (pConn->ToNode == pTo->FromNode &&
+            (pTo->FromNode != KSFILTER_NODE || pConn->ToNodePin == pTo->FromNodePin))
+        {
+            ++retval;
+        }
+    }
+    PA_DEBUG(("GetNumberOfConnectionsTo: Returning %d\n", retval));
+    return retval;
+}
+
+typedef const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION *(*TFnGetConnection)(const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION*, PaWinWdmFilter*, int);
+
+static const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* FindStartConnectionFrom(ULONG startPin, PaWinWdmFilter* filter)
+{
+    unsigned i;
+    const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* connections = (const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION*)(filter->connections + 1);
+    PA_DEBUG(("FindStartConnectionFrom: Startpin %u, Checking %u connections...\n", startPin, filter->connections->Count));
+    for (i = 0; i < filter->connections->Count; ++i)
+    {
+        const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* pConn = connections + i;
+        if (pConn->ToNode == KSFILTER_NODE && pConn->ToNodePin == startPin)
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("FindStartConnectionFrom: returning %p\n", pConn));
+            return pConn;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Some devices may report topologies that leave pins unconnected. This may be by design or driver installation
+       issues. Pass the error condition back to caller. */
+    PA_DEBUG(("FindStartConnectionFrom: returning NULL\n"));
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* FindStartConnectionTo(ULONG startPin, PaWinWdmFilter* filter)
+{
+    unsigned i;
+    const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* connections = (const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION*)(filter->connections + 1);
+    PA_DEBUG(("FindStartConnectionTo: Startpin %u, Checking %u connections...\n", startPin, filter->connections->Count));
+    for (i = 0; i < filter->connections->Count; ++i)
+    {
+        const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* pConn = connections + i;
+        if (pConn->FromNode == KSFILTER_NODE && pConn->FromNodePin == startPin)
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("FindStartConnectionTo: returning %p\n", pConn));
+            return pConn;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Unconnected pin. Inform caller. */
+    PA_DEBUG(("FindStartConnectionTo: returning NULL\n"));
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static ULONG GetConnectedPin(ULONG startPin, BOOL forward, PaWinWdmFilter* filter, int muxPosition, ULONG *muxInputPinId, ULONG *muxNodeId)
+{
+    int limit=1000;
+    const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION *conn = NULL;
+    TFnGetConnection fnGetConnection = forward ? GetConnectionTo : GetConnectionFrom ;
+    PA_LOGE_;
+    while (1)
+    {
+        limit--;
+        if (limit == 0) {
+            PA_DEBUG(("GetConnectedPin: LOOP LIMIT REACHED\n"));
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if (conn == NULL)
+        {
+            conn = forward ? FindStartConnectionTo(startPin, filter) : FindStartConnectionFrom(startPin, filter);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            conn = fnGetConnection(conn, filter, -1);
+        }
+
+        /* Handling case of erroneous connection list */
+        if (conn == NULL)
+        {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if (forward ? conn->ToNode == KSFILTER_NODE : conn->FromNode == KSFILTER_NODE)
+        {
+            return forward ? conn->ToNodePin : conn->FromNodePin;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("GetConnectedPin: count=%d, forward=%d, muxPosition=%d\n", filter->nodes->Count, forward, muxPosition));
+            if (filter->nodes->Count > 0 && !forward && muxPosition >= 0)
+            {
+                const GUID* nodes = (const GUID*)(filter->nodes + 1);
+                if (IsEqualGUID(&nodes[conn->FromNode], &KSNODETYPE_MUX))
+                {
+                    ULONG nConn = GetNumberOfConnectionsTo(conn, filter);
+                    conn = fnGetConnection(conn, filter, muxPosition);
+                    if (conn == NULL)
+                    {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    if (muxInputPinId != 0)
+                    {
+                        *muxInputPinId = conn->ToNodePin;
+                    }
+                    if (muxNodeId != 0)
+                    {
+                        *muxNodeId = conn->ToNode;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return KSFILTER_NODE;
+}
+
+static void DumpConnectionsAndNodes(PaWinWdmFilter* filter)
+{
+    unsigned i;
+    const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* connections = (const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION*)(filter->connections + 1);
+    const GUID* nodes = (const GUID*)(filter->nodes + 1);
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+    PA_DEBUG(("DumpConnectionsAndNodes: connections=%d, nodes=%d\n", filter->connections->Count, filter->nodes->Count));
+
+    for (i=0; i < filter->connections->Count; ++i)
+    {
+        const KSTOPOLOGY_CONNECTION* pConn = connections + i;
+        PA_DEBUG(("  Connection: %u - FromNode=%u,FromPin=%u -> ToNode=%u,ToPin=%u\n",
+            i,
+            pConn->FromNode, pConn->FromNodePin,
+            pConn->ToNode, pConn->ToNodePin
+            ));
+    }
+
+    for (i=0; i < filter->nodes->Count; ++i)
+    {
+        const GUID* pConn = nodes + i;
+        PA_DEBUG(("  Node: %d - {%08X-%04X-%04X-%02X%02X-%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X}\n",
+            i,
+            pConn->Data1, pConn->Data2, pConn->Data3,
+            pConn->Data4[0], pConn->Data4[1],
+            pConn->Data4[2], pConn->Data4[3],
+            pConn->Data4[4], pConn->Data4[5],
+            pConn->Data4[6], pConn->Data4[7]
+        ));
+    }
+    PA_LOGL_;
+
+}
+
+typedef struct __PaUsbTerminalGUIDToName
+{
+    USHORT     usbGUID;
+    wchar_t    name[64];
+} PaUsbTerminalGUIDToName;
+
+static const PaUsbTerminalGUIDToName kNames[] =
+{
+    /* Types copied from: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff537742(v=vs.85).aspx */
+    /* Input terminal types */
+    { 0x0201, L"Microphone" },
+    { 0x0202, L"Desktop Microphone" },
+    { 0x0203, L"Personal Microphone" },
+    { 0x0204, L"Omni Directional Microphone" },
+    { 0x0205, L"Microphone Array" },
+    { 0x0206, L"Processing Microphone Array" },
+    /* Output terminal types */
+    { 0x0301, L"Speakers" },
+    { 0x0302, L"Headphones" },
+    { 0x0303, L"Head Mounted Display Audio" },
+    { 0x0304, L"Desktop Speaker" },
+    { 0x0305, L"Room Speaker" },
+    { 0x0306, L"Communication Speaker" },
+    { 0x0307, L"LFE Speakers" },
+    /* External terminal types */
+    { 0x0601, L"Analog" },
+    { 0x0602, L"Digital" },
+    { 0x0603, L"Line" },
+    { 0x0604, L"Audio" },
+    { 0x0605, L"SPDIF" },
+};
+
+static const unsigned kNamesCnt = sizeof(kNames)/sizeof(PaUsbTerminalGUIDToName);
+
+static int PaUsbTerminalGUIDToNameCmp(const void* lhs, const void* rhs)
+{
+    const PaUsbTerminalGUIDToName* pL = (const PaUsbTerminalGUIDToName*)lhs;
+    const PaUsbTerminalGUIDToName* pR = (const PaUsbTerminalGUIDToName*)rhs;
+    return ((int)(pL->usbGUID) - (int)(pR->usbGUID));
+}
+
+static PaError GetNameFromCategory(const GUID* pGUID, BOOL input, wchar_t* name, unsigned length)
+{
+    PaError result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    USHORT usbTerminalGUID = (USHORT)(pGUID->Data1 - 0xDFF219E0);
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+    if (input && usbTerminalGUID >= 0x301 && usbTerminalGUID < 0x400)
+    {
+        /* Output terminal name for an input !? Set it to Line! */
+        usbTerminalGUID = 0x603;
+    }
+    if (!input && usbTerminalGUID >= 0x201 && usbTerminalGUID < 0x300)
+    {
+        /* Input terminal name for an output !? Set it to Line! */
+        usbTerminalGUID = 0x603;
+    }
+    if (usbTerminalGUID >= 0x201 && usbTerminalGUID < 0x713)
+    {
+        PaUsbTerminalGUIDToName s = { usbTerminalGUID };
+        const PaUsbTerminalGUIDToName* ptr = bsearch(
+            &s,
+            kNames,
+            kNamesCnt,
+            sizeof(PaUsbTerminalGUIDToName),
+            PaUsbTerminalGUIDToNameCmp
+            );
+        if (ptr != 0)
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("GetNameFromCategory: USB GUID %04X -> '%S'\n", usbTerminalGUID, ptr->name));
+
+            if (name != NULL && length > 0)
+            {
+                int n = _snwprintf(name, length, L"%s", ptr->name);
+                if (usbTerminalGUID >= 0x601 && usbTerminalGUID < 0x700)
+                {
+                    _snwprintf(name + n, length - n, L" %s", (input ? L"In":L"Out"));
+                }
+            }
+            result = paNoError;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "GetNameFromCategory: usbTerminalGUID = %04X ", usbTerminalGUID);
+    }
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return result;
+}
+
+static BOOL IsFrequencyWithinRange(const KSDATARANGE_AUDIO* range, int frequency)
+{
+    if (frequency < (int)range->MinimumSampleFrequency)
+        return FALSE;
+    if (frequency > (int)range->MaximumSampleFrequency)
+        return FALSE;
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+static BOOL IsBitsWithinRange(const KSDATARANGE_AUDIO* range, int noOfBits)
+{
+    if (noOfBits < (int)range->MinimumBitsPerSample)
+        return FALSE;
+    if (noOfBits > (int)range->MaximumBitsPerSample)
+        return FALSE;
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+/* Note: Somewhat different order compared to WMME implementation, as we want to focus on fidelity first */
+static const int defaultSampleRateSearchOrder[] =
+{ 44100, 48000, 88200, 96000, 192000, 32000, 24000, 22050, 16000, 12000, 11025, 9600, 8000 };
+static const int defaultSampleRateSearchOrderCount = sizeof(defaultSampleRateSearchOrder)/sizeof(defaultSampleRateSearchOrder[0]);
+
+static int DefaultSampleFrequencyIndex(const KSDATARANGE_AUDIO* range)
+{
+    int i;
+
+    for(i=0; i < defaultSampleRateSearchOrderCount; ++i)
+    {
+        int currentFrequency = defaultSampleRateSearchOrder[i];
+
+        if (IsFrequencyWithinRange(range, currentFrequency))
+        {
+            return i;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return -1;
+}
+
+/*
+Create a new pin object belonging to a filter
+The pin object holds all the configuration information about the pin
+before it is opened, and then the handle of the pin after is opened
+*/
+static PaWinWdmPin* PinNew(PaWinWdmFilter* parentFilter, unsigned long pinId, PaError* error)
+{
+    PaWinWdmPin* pin;
+    PaError result;
+    unsigned long i;
+    KSMULTIPLE_ITEM* item = NULL;
+    KSIDENTIFIER* identifier;
+    KSDATARANGE* dataRange;
+    const ULONG streamingId = (parentFilter->devInfo.streamingType == Type_kWaveRT) ? KSINTERFACE_STANDARD_LOOPED_STREAMING : KSINTERFACE_STANDARD_STREAMING;
+    int defaultSampleRateIndex = defaultSampleRateSearchOrderCount;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+    PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Creating pin %d:\n",pinId));
+
+    /* Allocate the new PIN object */
+    pin = (PaWinWdmPin*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaWinWdmPin) );
+    if( !pin )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* Zero the pin object */
+    /* memset( (void*)pin, 0, sizeof(PaWinWdmPin) ); */
+
+    pin->parentFilter = parentFilter;
+    pin->pinId = pinId;
+
+    /* Allocate a connect structure */
+    pin->pinConnectSize = sizeof(KSPIN_CONNECT) + sizeof(KSDATAFORMAT_WAVEFORMATEX);
+    pin->pinConnect = (KSPIN_CONNECT*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( pin->pinConnectSize );
+    if( !pin->pinConnect )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* Configure the connect structure with default values */
+    pin->pinConnect->Interface.Set               = KSINTERFACESETID_Standard;
+    pin->pinConnect->Interface.Id                = streamingId;
+    pin->pinConnect->Interface.Flags             = 0;
+    pin->pinConnect->Medium.Set                  = KSMEDIUMSETID_Standard;
+    pin->pinConnect->Medium.Id                   = KSMEDIUM_TYPE_ANYINSTANCE;
+    pin->pinConnect->Medium.Flags                = 0;
+    pin->pinConnect->PinId                       = pinId;
+    pin->pinConnect->PinToHandle                 = NULL;
+    pin->pinConnect->Priority.PriorityClass      = KSPRIORITY_NORMAL;
+    pin->pinConnect->Priority.PrioritySubClass   = 1;
+    pin->ksDataFormatWfx = (KSDATAFORMAT_WAVEFORMATEX*)(pin->pinConnect + 1);
+    pin->ksDataFormatWfx->DataFormat.FormatSize  = sizeof(KSDATAFORMAT_WAVEFORMATEX);
+    pin->ksDataFormatWfx->DataFormat.Flags       = 0;
+    pin->ksDataFormatWfx->DataFormat.Reserved    = 0;
+    pin->ksDataFormatWfx->DataFormat.MajorFormat = KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_AUDIO;
+    pin->ksDataFormatWfx->DataFormat.SubFormat   = KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM;
+    pin->ksDataFormatWfx->DataFormat.Specifier   = KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_WAVEFORMATEX;
+
+    pin->frameSize = 0; /* Unknown until we instantiate pin */
+
+    /* Get the COMMUNICATION property */
+    result = WdmGetPinPropertySimple(
+        parentFilter->handle,
+        pinId,
+        &KSPROPSETID_Pin,
+        KSPROPERTY_PIN_COMMUNICATION,
+        &pin->communication,
+        sizeof(KSPIN_COMMUNICATION),
+        NULL);
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    if( /*(pin->communication != KSPIN_COMMUNICATION_SOURCE) &&*/
+        (pin->communication != KSPIN_COMMUNICATION_SINK) &&
+        (pin->communication != KSPIN_COMMUNICATION_BOTH) )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Not source/sink\n"));
+        result = paInvalidDevice;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* Get dataflow information */
+    result = WdmGetPinPropertySimple(
+        parentFilter->handle,
+        pinId,
+        &KSPROPSETID_Pin,
+        KSPROPERTY_PIN_DATAFLOW,
+        &pin->dataFlow,
+        sizeof(KSPIN_DATAFLOW),
+        NULL);
+
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    /* Get the INTERFACE property list */
+    result = WdmGetPinPropertyMulti(
+        parentFilter->handle,
+        pinId,
+        &KSPROPSETID_Pin,
+        KSPROPERTY_PIN_INTERFACES,
+        &item);
+
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    identifier = (KSIDENTIFIER*)(item+1);
+
+    /* Check that at least one interface is STANDARD_STREAMING */
+    result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    for( i = 0; i < item->Count; i++ )
+    {
+        if( IsEqualGUID(&identifier[i].Set, &KSINTERFACESETID_Standard) && ( identifier[i].Id == streamingId ) )
+        {
+            result = paNoError;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( result != paNoError )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: No %s streaming\n", streamingId==KSINTERFACE_STANDARD_LOOPED_STREAMING?"looped":"standard"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* Don't need interfaces any more */
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( item );
+    item = NULL;
+
+    /* Get the MEDIUM properties list */
+    result = WdmGetPinPropertyMulti(
+        parentFilter->handle,
+        pinId,
+        &KSPROPSETID_Pin,
+        KSPROPERTY_PIN_MEDIUMS,
+        &item);
+
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    identifier = (KSIDENTIFIER*)(item+1); /* Not actually necessary... */
+
+    /* Check that at least one medium is STANDARD_DEVIO */
+    result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    for( i = 0; i < item->Count; i++ )
+    {
+        if( IsEqualGUID(&identifier[i].Set, &KSMEDIUMSETID_Standard) && ( identifier[i].Id == KSMEDIUM_STANDARD_DEVIO ) )
+        {
+            result = paNoError;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( result != paNoError )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("No standard devio\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+    /* Don't need mediums any more */
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( item );
+    item = NULL;
+
+    /* Get DATARANGES */
+    result = WdmGetPinPropertyMulti(
+        parentFilter->handle,
+        pinId,
+        &KSPROPSETID_Pin,
+        KSPROPERTY_PIN_DATARANGES,
+        &pin->dataRangesItem);
+
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    pin->dataRanges = (KSDATARANGE*)(pin->dataRangesItem +1);
+
+    /* Check that at least one datarange supports audio */
+    result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    dataRange = pin->dataRanges;
+    pin->maxChannels = 0;
+    pin->defaultSampleRate = 0;
+    pin->formats = 0;
+    PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Checking %u no of dataranges...\n", pin->dataRangesItem->Count));
+    for( i = 0; i < pin->dataRangesItem->Count; i++)
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: DR major format %x\n",*(unsigned long*)(&(dataRange->MajorFormat))));
+        /* Check that subformat is WAVEFORMATEX, PCM or WILDCARD */
+        if( IS_VALID_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID(&dataRange->SubFormat) ||
+            IsEqualGUID(&dataRange->SubFormat, &KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM) ||
+            IsEqualGUID(&dataRange->SubFormat, &KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT) ||
+            IsEqualGUID(&dataRange->SubFormat, &KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_WILDCARD) ||
+            IsEqualGUID(&dataRange->MajorFormat, &KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_AUDIO) )
+        {
+            int defaultIndex;
+            result = paNoError;
+            /* Record the maximum possible channels with this pin */
+            if( ((KSDATARANGE_AUDIO*)dataRange)->MaximumChannels == (ULONG) -1 )
+            {
+                pin->maxChannels = MAXIMUM_NUMBER_OF_CHANNELS;
+            }
+            else if( (int) ((KSDATARANGE_AUDIO*)dataRange)->MaximumChannels > pin->maxChannels )
+            {
+                pin->maxChannels = (int) ((KSDATARANGE_AUDIO*)dataRange)->MaximumChannels;
+            }
+            PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: MaxChannel: %d\n",pin->maxChannels));
+
+            /* Record the formats (bit depths) that are supported */
+            if( IsBitsWithinRange((KSDATARANGE_AUDIO*)dataRange, 8) )
+            {
+                pin->formats |= paInt8;
+                PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Format PCM 8 bit supported\n"));
+            }
+            if( IsBitsWithinRange((KSDATARANGE_AUDIO*)dataRange, 16) )
+            {
+                pin->formats |= paInt16;
+                PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Format PCM 16 bit supported\n"));
+            }
+            if( IsBitsWithinRange((KSDATARANGE_AUDIO*)dataRange, 24) )
+            {
+                pin->formats |= paInt24;
+                PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Format PCM 24 bit supported\n"));
+            }
+            if( IsBitsWithinRange((KSDATARANGE_AUDIO*)dataRange, 32) )
+            {
+                if (IsEqualGUID(&dataRange->SubFormat, &KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT))
+                {
+                    pin->formats |= paFloat32;
+                    PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Format IEEE float 32 bit supported\n"));
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    pin->formats |= paInt32;
+                    PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Format PCM 32 bit supported\n"));
+                }
+            }
+
+            defaultIndex = DefaultSampleFrequencyIndex((KSDATARANGE_AUDIO*)dataRange);
+            if (defaultIndex >= 0 && defaultIndex < defaultSampleRateIndex)
+            {
+                defaultSampleRateIndex = defaultIndex;
+            }
+        }
+        dataRange = (KSDATARANGE*)( ((char*)dataRange) + dataRange->FormatSize);
+    }
+
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    /* If none of the frequencies searched for are present, there's something seriously wrong */
+    if (defaultSampleRateIndex == defaultSampleRateSearchOrderCount)
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: No default sample rate found, skipping pin!\n"));
+        PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paUnanticipatedHostError, "PinNew: No default sample rate found");
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* Set the default sample rate */
+    pin->defaultSampleRate = defaultSampleRateSearchOrder[defaultSampleRateIndex];
+    PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Default sample rate = %d Hz\n", pin->defaultSampleRate));
+
+    /* Get instance information */
+    result = WdmGetPinPropertySimple(
+        parentFilter->handle,
+        pinId,
+        &KSPROPSETID_Pin,
+        KSPROPERTY_PIN_CINSTANCES,
+        &pin->instances,
+        sizeof(KSPIN_CINSTANCES),
+        NULL);
+
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        goto error;
+
+    /* If WaveRT, check if pin supports notification mode */
+    if (parentFilter->devInfo.streamingType == Type_kWaveRT)
+    {
+        BOOL bSupportsNotification = FALSE;
+        if (PinQueryNotificationSupport(pin, &bSupportsNotification) == paNoError)
+        {
+            pin->pinKsSubType = bSupportsNotification ? SubType_kNotification : SubType_kPolled;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Query pin name (which means we need to traverse to non IRP pin, via physical connection to topology filter pin, through
+    its nodes to the endpoint pin, and get that ones name... phew...) */
+    PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Finding topology pin...\n"));
+
+    {
+        ULONG topoPinId = GetConnectedPin(pinId, (pin->dataFlow == KSPIN_DATAFLOW_IN), parentFilter, -1, NULL, NULL);
+        const wchar_t kInputName[] = L"Input";
+        const wchar_t kOutputName[] = L"Output";
+
+        if (topoPinId != KSFILTER_NODE)
+        {
+            /* Get physical connection for topo pin */
+            unsigned long cbBytes = 0;
+            PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Getting physical connection...\n"));
+            result = WdmGetPinPropertySimple(parentFilter->handle,
+                topoPinId,
+                &KSPROPSETID_Pin,
+                KSPROPERTY_PIN_PHYSICALCONNECTION,
+                0,
+                0,
+                &cbBytes
+                );
+
+            if (result != paNoError)
+            {
+                /* No physical connection -> there is no topology filter! So we get the name of the pin! */
+                PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: No physical connection! Getting the pin name\n"));
+                result = WdmGetPinPropertySimple(parentFilter->handle,
+                    topoPinId,
+                    &KSPROPSETID_Pin,
+                    KSPROPERTY_PIN_NAME,
+                    pin->friendlyName,
+                    MAX_PATH,
+                    NULL);
+                if (result != paNoError)
+                {
+                    GUID category = {0};
+
+                    /* Get pin category information */
+                    result = WdmGetPinPropertySimple(parentFilter->handle,
+                        topoPinId,
+                        &KSPROPSETID_Pin,
+                        KSPROPERTY_PIN_CATEGORY,
+                        &category,
+                        sizeof(GUID),
+                        NULL);
+
+                    if (result == paNoError)
+                    {
+                        result = GetNameFromCategory(&category, (pin->dataFlow == KSPIN_DATAFLOW_OUT), pin->friendlyName, MAX_PATH);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                /* Make sure pin gets a name here... */
+                if (wcslen(pin->friendlyName) == 0)
+                {
+                    wcscpy(pin->friendlyName, (pin->dataFlow == KSPIN_DATAFLOW_IN) ? kOutputName : kInputName);
+#ifdef UNICODE
+                    PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Setting pin friendly name to '%s'\n", pin->friendlyName));
+#else
+                    PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Setting pin friendly name to '%S'\n", pin->friendlyName));
+#endif
+                }
+
+                /* This is then == the endpoint pin */
+                pin->endpointPinId = (pin->dataFlow == KSPIN_DATAFLOW_IN) ? pinId : topoPinId;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                KSPIN_PHYSICALCONNECTION* pc = (KSPIN_PHYSICALCONNECTION*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory(cbBytes + 2);
+                ULONG pcPin;
+                wchar_t symbLinkName[MAX_PATH];
+                PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Physical connection found!\n"));
+                if (pc == NULL)
+                {
+                    result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                    goto error;
+                }
+                result = WdmGetPinPropertySimple(parentFilter->handle,
+                    topoPinId,
+                    &KSPROPSETID_Pin,
+                    KSPROPERTY_PIN_PHYSICALCONNECTION,
+                    pc,
+                    cbBytes,
+                    NULL
+                    );
+
+                pcPin = pc->Pin;
+                wcsncpy(symbLinkName, pc->SymbolicLinkName, MAX_PATH);
+                PaUtil_FreeMemory( pc );
+
+                if (result != paNoError)
+                {
+                    /* Shouldn't happen, but fail if it does */
+                    PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: failed to retrieve physical connection!\n"));
+                    goto error;
+                }
+
+                if (symbLinkName[1] == TEXT('?'))
+                {
+                    symbLinkName[1] = TEXT('\\');
+                }
+
+                if (pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter == NULL)
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Creating topology filter '%S'\n", symbLinkName));
+
+                    pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter = FilterNew(Type_kNotUsed, 0, symbLinkName, L"", &result);
+                    if (pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter == NULL)
+                    {
+                        PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Failed creating topology filter\n"));
+                        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                        PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "Failed to create topology filter '%S'", symbLinkName);
+                        goto error;
+                    }
+
+                    /* Copy info so we have it in device info */
+                    wcsncpy(pin->parentFilter->devInfo.topologyPath, symbLinkName, MAX_PATH);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    /* Must be the same */
+                    assert(wcscmp(symbLinkName, pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter->devInfo.filterPath) == 0);
+                }
+
+                PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Opening topology filter..."));
+
+                result = FilterUse(pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter);
+                if (result == paNoError)
+                {
+                    unsigned long endpointPinId;
+
+                    if (pin->dataFlow == KSPIN_DATAFLOW_IN)
+                    {
+                        /* The "endpointPinId" is what WASAPI looks at for pin names */
+                        GUID category = {0};
+
+                        PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Checking for output endpoint pin id...\n"));
+
+                        endpointPinId = GetConnectedPin(pcPin, TRUE, pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter, -1, NULL, NULL);
+
+                        if (endpointPinId == KSFILTER_NODE)
+                        {
+                            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "Failed to get endpoint pin ID on topology filter!");
+                            goto error;
+                        }
+
+                        PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Found endpoint pin id %u\n", endpointPinId));
+
+                        /* Get pin category information */
+                        result = WdmGetPinPropertySimple(pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter->handle,
+                            endpointPinId,
+                            &KSPROPSETID_Pin,
+                            KSPROPERTY_PIN_CATEGORY,
+                            &category,
+                            sizeof(GUID),
+                            NULL);
+
+                        if (result == paNoError)
+                        {
+#if !PA_WDMKS_USE_CATEGORY_FOR_PIN_NAMES
+                            wchar_t pinName[MAX_PATH];
+
+                            PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Getting pin name property..."));
+
+                            /* Ok, try pin name also, and favor that if available */
+                            result = WdmGetPinPropertySimple(pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter->handle,
+                                endpointPinId,
+                                &KSPROPSETID_Pin,
+                                KSPROPERTY_PIN_NAME,
+                                pinName,
+                                MAX_PATH,
+                                NULL);
+
+                            if (result == paNoError && wcslen(pinName)>0)
+                            {
+                                wcsncpy(pin->friendlyName, pinName, MAX_PATH);
+                            }
+                            else
+#endif
+                            {
+                                result = GetNameFromCategory(&category, (pin->dataFlow == KSPIN_DATAFLOW_OUT), pin->friendlyName, MAX_PATH);
+                            }
+                        }
+
+                        /* Make sure we get a name for the pin */
+                        if (wcslen(pin->friendlyName) == 0)
+                        {
+                            wcscpy(pin->friendlyName, kOutputName);
+                        }
+#ifdef UNICODE
+                        PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Pin name '%s'\n", pin->friendlyName));
+#else
+                        PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Pin name '%S'\n", pin->friendlyName));
+#endif
+
+                        /* Set endpoint pin ID (this is the topology INPUT pin, since portmixer will always traverse the
+                        filter in audio streaming direction, see http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/hardware/ff536331(v=vs.85).aspx
+                        for more information)
+                        */
+                        pin->endpointPinId = pcPin;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        unsigned muxCount = 0;
+                        int muxPos = 0;
+                        /* Max 64 multiplexer inputs... sanity check :) */
+                        for (i = 0; i < 64; ++i)
+                        {
+                            ULONG muxNodeIdTest = (unsigned)-1;
+                            PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Checking for input endpoint pin id (%d)...\n", i));
+
+                            endpointPinId = GetConnectedPin(pcPin,
+                                FALSE,
+                                pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter,
+                                (int)i,
+                                NULL,
+                                &muxNodeIdTest);
+
+                            if (endpointPinId == KSFILTER_NODE)
+                            {
+                                /* We're done */
+                                PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Done with inputs.\n", endpointPinId));
+                                break;
+                            }
+                            else
+                            {
+                                /* The "endpointPinId" is what WASAPI looks at for pin names */
+                                GUID category = {0};
+
+                                PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Found endpoint pin id %u\n", endpointPinId));
+
+                                /* Get pin category information */
+                                result = WdmGetPinPropertySimple(pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter->handle,
+                                    endpointPinId,
+                                    &KSPROPSETID_Pin,
+                                    KSPROPERTY_PIN_CATEGORY,
+                                    &category,
+                                    sizeof(GUID),
+                                    NULL);
+
+                                if (result == paNoError)
+                                {
+                                    if (muxNodeIdTest == (unsigned)-1)
+                                    {
+                                        /* Ok, try pin name, and favor that if available */
+                                        result = WdmGetPinPropertySimple(pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter->handle,
+                                            endpointPinId,
+                                            &KSPROPSETID_Pin,
+                                            KSPROPERTY_PIN_NAME,
+                                            pin->friendlyName,
+                                            MAX_PATH,
+                                            NULL);
+
+                                        if (result != paNoError)
+                                        {
+                                            result = GetNameFromCategory(&category, TRUE, pin->friendlyName, MAX_PATH);
+                                        }
+                                        break;
+                                    }
+                                    else
+                                    {
+                                        result = GetNameFromCategory(&category, TRUE, NULL, 0);
+
+                                        if (result == paNoError)
+                                        {
+                                            ++muxCount;
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                else
+                                {
+                                    PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Failed to get pin category"));
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+
+                        if (muxCount == 0)
+                        {
+                            pin->endpointPinId = endpointPinId;
+                            /* Make sure we get a name for the pin */
+                            if (wcslen(pin->friendlyName) == 0)
+                            {
+                                wcscpy(pin->friendlyName, kInputName);
+                            }
+#ifdef UNICODE
+                            PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Input friendly name '%s'\n", pin->friendlyName));
+#else
+                            PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Input friendly name '%S'\n", pin->friendlyName));
+#endif
+                        }
+                        else // muxCount > 0
+                        {
+                            PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Setting up %u inputs\n", muxCount));
+
+                            /* Now we redo the operation once known how many multiplexer positions there are */
+                            pin->inputs = (PaWinWdmMuxedInput**)PaUtil_AllocateMemory(muxCount * sizeof(PaWinWdmMuxedInput*));
+                            if (pin->inputs == NULL)
+                            {
+                                FilterRelease(pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter);
+                                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                                goto error;
+                            }
+                            pin->inputCount = muxCount;
+
+                            for (i = 0; i < muxCount; ++muxPos)
+                            {
+                                PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Setting up input %u...\n", i));
+
+                                if (pin->inputs[i] == NULL)
+                                {
+                                    pin->inputs[i] = (PaWinWdmMuxedInput*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory(sizeof(PaWinWdmMuxedInput));
+                                    if (pin->inputs[i] == NULL)
+                                    {
+                                        FilterRelease(pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter);
+                                        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                                        goto error;
+                                    }
+                                }
+
+                                endpointPinId = GetConnectedPin(pcPin,
+                                    FALSE,
+                                    pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter,
+                                    muxPos,
+                                    &pin->inputs[i]->muxPinId,
+                                    &pin->inputs[i]->muxNodeId);
+
+                                if (endpointPinId != KSFILTER_NODE)
+                                {
+                                    /* The "endpointPinId" is what WASAPI looks at for pin names */
+                                    GUID category = {0};
+
+                                    /* Set input endpoint ID */
+                                    pin->inputs[i]->endpointPinId = endpointPinId;
+
+                                    /* Get pin category information */
+                                    result = WdmGetPinPropertySimple(pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter->handle,
+                                        endpointPinId,
+                                        &KSPROPSETID_Pin,
+                                        KSPROPERTY_PIN_CATEGORY,
+                                        &category,
+                                        sizeof(GUID),
+                                        NULL);
+
+                                    if (result == paNoError)
+                                    {
+                                        /* Try pin name first, and if that is not defined, use category instead */
+                                        result = WdmGetPinPropertySimple(pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter->handle,
+                                            endpointPinId,
+                                            &KSPROPSETID_Pin,
+                                            KSPROPERTY_PIN_NAME,
+                                            pin->inputs[i]->friendlyName,
+                                            MAX_PATH,
+                                            NULL);
+
+                                        if (result != paNoError)
+                                        {
+                                            result = GetNameFromCategory(&category, TRUE, pin->inputs[i]->friendlyName, MAX_PATH);
+                                            if (result != paNoError)
+                                            {
+                                                /* Only specify name, let name hash in ScanDeviceInfos fix postfix enumerators */
+                                                wcscpy(pin->inputs[i]->friendlyName, kInputName);
+                                            }
+                                        }
+#ifdef UNICODE
+                                        PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Input (%u) friendly name '%s'\n", i, pin->inputs[i]->friendlyName));
+#else
+                                        PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Input (%u) friendly name '%S'\n", i, pin->inputs[i]->friendlyName));
+#endif
+                                        ++i;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                else
+                                {
+                                    /* Unconnected pin */
+                                    goto error;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: No topology pin id found. Bad...\n"));
+            /* No TOPO pin id ??? This is bad. Ok, so we just say it is an input or output... */
+            wcscpy(pin->friendlyName, (pin->dataFlow == KSPIN_DATAFLOW_IN) ? kOutputName : kInputName);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Release topology filter if it has been used */
+    if (pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter && pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter->handle != NULL)
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Releasing topology filter...\n"));
+        FilterRelease(pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter);
+    }
+
+    /* Success */
+    *error = paNoError;
+    PA_DEBUG(("Pin created successfully\n"));
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return pin;
+
+error:
+    PA_DEBUG(("PinNew: Error %d\n", result));
+    /*
+    Error cleanup
+    */
+
+    if (pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter && pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter->handle != NULL)
+    {
+        FilterRelease(pin->parentFilter->topologyFilter);
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( item );
+    PinFree(pin);
+
+    *error = result;
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+Safely free all resources associated with the pin
+*/
+static void PinFree(PaWinWdmPin* pin)
+{
+    unsigned i;
+    PA_LOGE_;
+    if( pin )
+    {
+        PinClose(pin);
+        if( pin->pinConnect )
+        {
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( pin->pinConnect );
+        }
+        if( pin->dataRangesItem )
+        {
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( pin->dataRangesItem );
+        }
+        if( pin->inputs )
+        {
+            for (i = 0; i < pin->inputCount; ++i)
+            {
+                PaUtil_FreeMemory( pin->inputs[i] );
+            }
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( pin->inputs );
+        }
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( pin );
+    }
+    PA_LOGL_;
+}
+
+/*
+If the pin handle is open, close it
+*/
+static void PinClose(PaWinWdmPin* pin)
+{
+    PA_LOGE_;
+    if( pin == NULL )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("Closing NULL pin!"));
+        PA_LOGL_;
+        return;
+    }
+    if( pin->handle != NULL )
+    {
+        PinSetState( pin, KSSTATE_PAUSE );
+        PinSetState( pin, KSSTATE_STOP );
+        CloseHandle( pin->handle );
+        pin->handle = NULL;
+        FilterRelease(pin->parentFilter);
+    }
+    PA_LOGL_;
+}
+
+/*
+Set the state of this (instantiated) pin
+*/
+static PaError PinSetState(PaWinWdmPin* pin, KSSTATE state)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    KSPROPERTY prop;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+    prop.Set = KSPROPSETID_Connection;
+    prop.Id  = KSPROPERTY_CONNECTION_STATE;
+    prop.Flags = KSPROPERTY_TYPE_SET;
+
+    if( pin == NULL )
+        return paInternalError;
+    if( pin->handle == NULL )
+        return paInternalError;
+
+    result = WdmSyncIoctl(pin->handle, IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY, &prop, sizeof(KSPROPERTY), &state, sizeof(KSSTATE), NULL);
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError PinInstantiate(PaWinWdmPin* pin)
+{
+    PaError result;
+    unsigned long createResult;
+    KSALLOCATOR_FRAMING ksaf;
+    KSALLOCATOR_FRAMING_EX ksafex;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    if( pin == NULL )
+        return paInternalError;
+    if(!pin->pinConnect)
+        return paInternalError;
+
+    FilterUse(pin->parentFilter);
+
+    createResult = FunctionKsCreatePin(
+        pin->parentFilter->handle,
+        pin->pinConnect,
+        GENERIC_WRITE | GENERIC_READ,
+        &pin->handle
+        );
+
+    PA_DEBUG(("Pin create result = 0x%08x\n",createResult));
+    if( createResult != ERROR_SUCCESS )
+    {
+        FilterRelease(pin->parentFilter);
+        pin->handle = NULL;
+        switch (createResult)
+        {
+        case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER:
+            /* First case when pin actually don't support the format */
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+        case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND:
+            /* Case when pin is occupied (by another application) */
+            return paDeviceUnavailable;
+        default:
+            /* All other cases */
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (pin->parentFilter->devInfo.streamingType == Type_kWaveCyclic)
+    {
+        /* Framing size query only valid for WaveCyclic devices */
+        result = WdmGetPropertySimple(
+            pin->handle,
+            &KSPROPSETID_Connection,
+            KSPROPERTY_CONNECTION_ALLOCATORFRAMING,
+            &ksaf,
+            sizeof(ksaf));
+
+        if( result != paNoError )
+        {
+            result = WdmGetPropertySimple(
+                pin->handle,
+                &KSPROPSETID_Connection,
+                KSPROPERTY_CONNECTION_ALLOCATORFRAMING_EX,
+                &ksafex,
+                sizeof(ksafex));
+            if( result == paNoError )
+            {
+                pin->frameSize = ksafex.FramingItem[0].FramingRange.Range.MinFrameSize;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            pin->frameSize = ksaf.FrameSize;
+        }
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+static PaError PinSetFormat(PaWinWdmPin* pin, const WAVEFORMATEX* format)
+{
+    unsigned long size;
+    void* newConnect;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    if( pin == NULL )
+        return paInternalError;
+    if( format == NULL )
+        return paInternalError;
+
+    size = GetWfexSize(format) + sizeof(KSPIN_CONNECT) + sizeof(KSDATAFORMAT_WAVEFORMATEX) - sizeof(WAVEFORMATEX);
+
+    if( pin->pinConnectSize != size )
+    {
+        newConnect = PaUtil_AllocateMemory( size );
+        if( newConnect == NULL )
+            return paInsufficientMemory;
+        memcpy( newConnect, (void*)pin->pinConnect, min(pin->pinConnectSize,size) );
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( pin->pinConnect );
+        pin->pinConnect = (KSPIN_CONNECT*)newConnect;
+        pin->pinConnectSize = size;
+        pin->ksDataFormatWfx = (KSDATAFORMAT_WAVEFORMATEX*)((KSPIN_CONNECT*)newConnect + 1);
+        pin->ksDataFormatWfx->DataFormat.FormatSize = size - sizeof(KSPIN_CONNECT);
+    }
+
+    memcpy( (void*)&(pin->ksDataFormatWfx->WaveFormatEx), format, GetWfexSize(format) );
+    pin->ksDataFormatWfx->DataFormat.SampleSize = (unsigned short)(format->nChannels * (format->wBitsPerSample / 8));
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+static PaError PinIsFormatSupported(PaWinWdmPin* pin, const WAVEFORMATEX* format)
+{
+    KSDATARANGE_AUDIO* dataRange;
+    unsigned long count;
+    GUID guid = DYNAMIC_GUID( DEFINE_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID(format->wFormatTag) );
+    PaError result = paInvalidDevice;
+    const WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE* pFormatExt = (format->wFormatTag == WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE) ? (const WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE*)format : 0;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    if( pFormatExt != 0 )
+    {
+        guid = pFormatExt->SubFormat;
+    }
+    dataRange = (KSDATARANGE_AUDIO*)pin->dataRanges;
+    for(count = 0;
+        count<pin->dataRangesItem->Count;
+        count++,
+        dataRange = (KSDATARANGE_AUDIO*)( ((char*)dataRange) + dataRange->DataRange.FormatSize)) /* Need to update dataRange here, due to 'continue' !! */
+    {
+        /* Check major format*/
+        if (!(IsEqualGUID(&(dataRange->DataRange.MajorFormat), &KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_AUDIO) ||
+            IsEqualGUID(&(dataRange->DataRange.MajorFormat), &KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_WILDCARD)))
+        {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        /* This is an audio or wildcard datarange... */
+        if (! (IsEqualGUID(&(dataRange->DataRange.SubFormat), &KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_WILDCARD) ||
+            IsEqualGUID(&(dataRange->DataRange.SubFormat), &KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM) ||
+            IsEqualGUID(&(dataRange->DataRange.SubFormat), &guid) ))
+        {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        /* Check specifier... */
+        if (! (IsEqualGUID(&(dataRange->DataRange.Specifier), &KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_WILDCARD) ||
+            IsEqualGUID(&(dataRange->DataRange.Specifier), &KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_WAVEFORMATEX)) )
+        {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("Pin:%x, DataRange:%d\n",(void*)pin,count));
+        PA_DEBUG(("\tFormatSize:%d, SampleSize:%d\n",dataRange->DataRange.FormatSize,dataRange->DataRange.SampleSize));
+        PA_DEBUG(("\tMaxChannels:%d\n",dataRange->MaximumChannels));
+        PA_DEBUG(("\tBits:%d-%d\n",dataRange->MinimumBitsPerSample,dataRange->MaximumBitsPerSample));
+        PA_DEBUG(("\tSampleRate:%d-%d\n",dataRange->MinimumSampleFrequency,dataRange->MaximumSampleFrequency));
+
+        if( dataRange->MaximumChannels != (ULONG)-1 &&
+            dataRange->MaximumChannels < format->nChannels )
+        {
+            result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (pFormatExt != 0)
+        {
+            if (!IsBitsWithinRange(dataRange, pFormatExt->Samples.wValidBitsPerSample))
+            {
+                result = paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if (!IsBitsWithinRange(dataRange, format->wBitsPerSample))
+            {
+                result = paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!IsFrequencyWithinRange(dataRange, format->nSamplesPerSec))
+        {
+            result = paInvalidSampleRate;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        /* Success! */
+        result = paNoError;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError PinQueryNotificationSupport(PaWinWdmPin* pPin, BOOL* pbResult)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    KSPROPERTY propIn;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    propIn.Set = KSPROPSETID_RtAudio;
+    propIn.Id = 8; /* = KSPROPERTY_RTAUDIO_QUERY_NOTIFICATION_SUPPORT */
+    propIn.Flags = KSPROPERTY_TYPE_GET;
+
+    result = WdmSyncIoctl(pPin->handle, IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY,
+        &propIn,
+        sizeof(KSPROPERTY),
+        pbResult,
+        sizeof(BOOL),
+        NULL);
+
+    if (result != paNoError)
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("Failed PinQueryNotificationSupport\n"));
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError PinGetBufferWithNotification(PaWinWdmPin* pPin, void** pBuffer, DWORD* pRequestedBufSize, BOOL* pbCallMemBarrier)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    KSRTAUDIO_BUFFER_PROPERTY_WITH_NOTIFICATION propIn;
+    KSRTAUDIO_BUFFER propOut;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    propIn.BaseAddress = 0;
+    propIn.NotificationCount = 2;
+    propIn.RequestedBufferSize = *pRequestedBufSize;
+    propIn.Property.Set = KSPROPSETID_RtAudio;
+    propIn.Property.Id = KSPROPERTY_RTAUDIO_BUFFER_WITH_NOTIFICATION;
+    propIn.Property.Flags = KSPROPERTY_TYPE_GET;
+
+    result = WdmSyncIoctl(pPin->handle, IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY,
+        &propIn,
+        sizeof(KSRTAUDIO_BUFFER_PROPERTY_WITH_NOTIFICATION),
+        &propOut,
+        sizeof(KSRTAUDIO_BUFFER),
+        NULL);
+
+    if (result == paNoError)
+    {
+        *pBuffer = propOut.BufferAddress;
+        *pRequestedBufSize = propOut.ActualBufferSize;
+        *pbCallMemBarrier = propOut.CallMemoryBarrier;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("Failed to get buffer with notification\n"));
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError PinGetBufferWithoutNotification(PaWinWdmPin* pPin, void** pBuffer, DWORD* pRequestedBufSize, BOOL* pbCallMemBarrier)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    KSRTAUDIO_BUFFER_PROPERTY propIn;
+    KSRTAUDIO_BUFFER propOut;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    propIn.BaseAddress = NULL;
+    propIn.RequestedBufferSize = *pRequestedBufSize;
+    propIn.Property.Set = KSPROPSETID_RtAudio;
+    propIn.Property.Id = KSPROPERTY_RTAUDIO_BUFFER;
+    propIn.Property.Flags = KSPROPERTY_TYPE_GET;
+
+    result = WdmSyncIoctl(pPin->handle, IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY,
+        &propIn,
+        sizeof(KSRTAUDIO_BUFFER_PROPERTY),
+        &propOut,
+        sizeof(KSRTAUDIO_BUFFER),
+        NULL);
+
+    if (result == paNoError)
+    {
+        *pBuffer = propOut.BufferAddress;
+        *pRequestedBufSize = propOut.ActualBufferSize;
+        *pbCallMemBarrier = propOut.CallMemoryBarrier;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("Failed to get buffer without notification\n"));
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return result;
+}
+
+/* greatest common divisor - PGCD in French */
+static unsigned long PaWinWDMGCD( unsigned long a, unsigned long b )
+{
+    return (b==0) ? a : PaWinWDMGCD( b, a%b);
+}
+
+
+/* This function will handle getting the cyclic buffer from a WaveRT driver. Certain WaveRT drivers needs to have
+requested buffer size on multiples of 128 bytes:
+
+*/
+static PaError PinGetBuffer(PaWinWdmPin* pPin, void** pBuffer, DWORD* pRequestedBufSize, BOOL* pbCallMemBarrier)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    int limit = 1000;
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    while (1)
+    {
+        limit--;
+        if (limit == 0) {
+            PA_DEBUG(("PinGetBuffer: LOOP LIMIT REACHED\n"));
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if (pPin->pinKsSubType != SubType_kPolled)
+        {
+            /* In case of unknown (or notification), we try both modes */
+            result = PinGetBufferWithNotification(pPin, pBuffer, pRequestedBufSize, pbCallMemBarrier);
+            if (result == paNoError)
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("PinGetBuffer: SubType_kNotification\n"));
+                pPin->pinKsSubType = SubType_kNotification;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        result = PinGetBufferWithoutNotification(pPin, pBuffer, pRequestedBufSize, pbCallMemBarrier);
+        if (result == paNoError)
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("PinGetBuffer: SubType_kPolled\n"));
+            pPin->pinKsSubType = SubType_kPolled;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        /* Check if requested size is on a 128 byte boundary */
+        if (((*pRequestedBufSize) % 128UL) == 0)
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("Buffer size on 128 byte boundary, still fails :(\n"));
+            /* Ok, can't do much more */
+            break;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            /* Compute LCM so we know which sizes are on a 128 byte boundary */
+            const unsigned gcd = PaWinWDMGCD(128UL, pPin->ksDataFormatWfx->WaveFormatEx.nBlockAlign);
+            const unsigned lcm = (128UL * pPin->ksDataFormatWfx->WaveFormatEx.nBlockAlign) / gcd;
+            DWORD dwOldSize = *pRequestedBufSize;
+
+            /* Align size to (next larger) LCM byte boundary, and then we try again. Note that LCM is not necessarily a
+            power of 2. */
+            *pRequestedBufSize = ((*pRequestedBufSize + lcm - 1) / lcm) * lcm;
+
+            PA_DEBUG(("Adjusting buffer size from %u to %u bytes (128 byte boundary, LCM=%u)\n", dwOldSize, *pRequestedBufSize, lcm));
+        }
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError PinRegisterPositionRegister(PaWinWdmPin* pPin)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    KSRTAUDIO_HWREGISTER_PROPERTY propIn;
+    KSRTAUDIO_HWREGISTER propOut;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    propIn.BaseAddress = NULL;
+    propIn.Property.Set = KSPROPSETID_RtAudio;
+    propIn.Property.Id = KSPROPERTY_RTAUDIO_POSITIONREGISTER;
+    propIn.Property.Flags = KSPROPERTY_TYPE_SET;
+
+    result = WdmSyncIoctl(pPin->handle, IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY,
+        &propIn,
+        sizeof(KSRTAUDIO_HWREGISTER_PROPERTY),
+        &propOut,
+        sizeof(KSRTAUDIO_HWREGISTER),
+        NULL);
+
+    if (result == paNoError)
+    {
+        pPin->positionRegister = (ULONG*)propOut.Register;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("Failed to register position register\n"));
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError PinRegisterNotificationHandle(PaWinWdmPin* pPin, HANDLE handle)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    KSRTAUDIO_NOTIFICATION_EVENT_PROPERTY prop;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    prop.NotificationEvent = handle;
+    prop.Property.Set = KSPROPSETID_RtAudio;
+    prop.Property.Id = KSPROPERTY_RTAUDIO_REGISTER_NOTIFICATION_EVENT;
+    prop.Property.Flags = KSPROPERTY_TYPE_SET;
+
+    result = WdmSyncIoctl(pPin->handle,
+        IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY,
+        &prop,
+        sizeof(KSRTAUDIO_NOTIFICATION_EVENT_PROPERTY),
+        &prop,
+        sizeof(KSRTAUDIO_NOTIFICATION_EVENT_PROPERTY),
+        NULL);
+
+    if (result != paNoError) {
+        PA_DEBUG(("Failed to register notification handle 0x%08X\n", handle));
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError PinUnregisterNotificationHandle(PaWinWdmPin* pPin, HANDLE handle)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    KSRTAUDIO_NOTIFICATION_EVENT_PROPERTY prop;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    if (handle != NULL)
+    {
+        prop.NotificationEvent = handle;
+        prop.Property.Set = KSPROPSETID_RtAudio;
+        prop.Property.Id = KSPROPERTY_RTAUDIO_UNREGISTER_NOTIFICATION_EVENT;
+        prop.Property.Flags = KSPROPERTY_TYPE_SET;
+
+        result = WdmSyncIoctl(pPin->handle,
+            IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY,
+            &prop,
+            sizeof(KSRTAUDIO_NOTIFICATION_EVENT_PROPERTY),
+            &prop,
+            sizeof(KSRTAUDIO_NOTIFICATION_EVENT_PROPERTY),
+            NULL);
+
+        if (result != paNoError) {
+            PA_DEBUG(("Failed to unregister notification handle 0x%08X\n", handle));
+        }
+    }
+    PA_LOGL_;
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError PinGetHwLatency(PaWinWdmPin* pPin, ULONG* pFifoSize, ULONG* pChipsetDelay, ULONG* pCodecDelay)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    KSPROPERTY propIn;
+    KSRTAUDIO_HWLATENCY propOut;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    propIn.Set = KSPROPSETID_RtAudio;
+    propIn.Id = KSPROPERTY_RTAUDIO_HWLATENCY;
+    propIn.Flags = KSPROPERTY_TYPE_GET;
+
+    result = WdmSyncIoctl(pPin->handle, IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY,
+        &propIn,
+        sizeof(KSPROPERTY),
+        &propOut,
+        sizeof(KSRTAUDIO_HWLATENCY),
+        NULL);
+
+    if (result == paNoError)
+    {
+        *pFifoSize = propOut.FifoSize;
+        *pChipsetDelay = propOut.ChipsetDelay;
+        *pCodecDelay = propOut.CodecDelay;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("Failed to retrieve hardware FIFO size!\n"));
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/* This one is used for WaveRT */
+static PaError PinGetAudioPositionMemoryMapped(PaWinWdmPin* pPin, ULONG* pPosition)
+{
+    *pPosition = (*pPin->positionRegister);
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+/* This one also, but in case the driver hasn't implemented memory mapped access to the position register */
+static PaError PinGetAudioPositionViaIOCTLRead(PaWinWdmPin* pPin, ULONG* pPosition)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    KSPROPERTY propIn;
+    KSAUDIO_POSITION propOut;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    propIn.Set = KSPROPSETID_Audio;
+    propIn.Id = KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_POSITION;
+    propIn.Flags = KSPROPERTY_TYPE_GET;
+
+    result = WdmSyncIoctl(pPin->handle,
+        IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY,
+        &propIn, sizeof(KSPROPERTY),
+        &propOut, sizeof(KSAUDIO_POSITION),
+        NULL);
+
+    if (result == paNoError)
+    {
+        *pPosition = (ULONG)(propOut.PlayOffset);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("Failed to get audio play position!\n"));
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+
+    return result;
+
+}
+
+/* This one also, but in case the driver hasn't implemented memory mapped access to the position register */
+static PaError PinGetAudioPositionViaIOCTLWrite(PaWinWdmPin* pPin, ULONG* pPosition)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    KSPROPERTY propIn;
+    KSAUDIO_POSITION propOut;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    propIn.Set = KSPROPSETID_Audio;
+    propIn.Id = KSPROPERTY_AUDIO_POSITION;
+    propIn.Flags = KSPROPERTY_TYPE_GET;
+
+    result = WdmSyncIoctl(pPin->handle,
+        IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY,
+        &propIn, sizeof(KSPROPERTY),
+        &propOut, sizeof(KSAUDIO_POSITION),
+        NULL);
+
+    if (result == paNoError)
+    {
+        *pPosition = (ULONG)(propOut.WriteOffset);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("Failed to get audio write position!\n"));
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+
+    return result;
+
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************************************/
+
+/**
+* Create a new filter object.
+*/
+static PaWinWdmFilter* FilterNew( PaWDMKSType type, DWORD devNode, const wchar_t* filterName, const wchar_t* friendlyName, PaError* error )
+{
+    PaWinWdmFilter* filter = 0;
+    PaError result;
+
+    /* Allocate the new filter object */
+    filter = (PaWinWdmFilter*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaWinWdmFilter) );
+    if( !filter )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    PA_DEBUG(("FilterNew: Creating filter '%S'\n", friendlyName));
+
+    /* Set type flag */
+    filter->devInfo.streamingType = type;
+
+    /* Store device node */
+    filter->deviceNode = devNode;
+
+    /* Zero the filter object - done by AllocateMemory */
+    /* memset( (void*)filter, 0, sizeof(PaWinWdmFilter) ); */
+
+    /* Copy the filter name */
+    wcsncpy(filter->devInfo.filterPath, filterName, MAX_PATH);
+
+    /* Copy the friendly name */
+    wcsncpy(filter->friendlyName, friendlyName, MAX_PATH);
+
+    PA_DEBUG(("FilterNew: Opening filter...\n", friendlyName));
+
+    /* Open the filter handle */
+    result = FilterUse(filter);
+    if( result != paNoError )
+    {
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* Get pin count */
+    result = WdmGetPinPropertySimple
+        (
+        filter->handle,
+        0,
+        &KSPROPSETID_Pin,
+        KSPROPERTY_PIN_CTYPES,
+        &filter->pinCount,
+        sizeof(filter->pinCount),
+        NULL);
+
+    if( result != paNoError)
+    {
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* Get connections & nodes for filter */
+    result = WdmGetPropertyMulti(
+        filter->handle,
+        &KSPROPSETID_Topology,
+        KSPROPERTY_TOPOLOGY_CONNECTIONS,
+        &filter->connections);
+
+    if( result != paNoError)
+    {
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    result = WdmGetPropertyMulti(
+        filter->handle,
+        &KSPROPSETID_Topology,
+        KSPROPERTY_TOPOLOGY_NODES,
+        &filter->nodes);
+
+    if( result != paNoError)
+    {
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* For debugging purposes */
+    DumpConnectionsAndNodes(filter);
+
+    /* Get product GUID (it might not be supported) */
+    {
+        KSCOMPONENTID compId;
+        if (WdmGetPropertySimple(filter->handle, &KSPROPSETID_General, KSPROPERTY_GENERAL_COMPONENTID, &compId, sizeof(KSCOMPONENTID)) == paNoError)
+        {
+            filter->devInfo.deviceProductGuid = compId.Product;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* This section is not executed for topology filters */
+    if (type != Type_kNotUsed)
+    {
+        /* Initialize the pins */
+        result = FilterInitializePins(filter);
+
+        if( result != paNoError)
+        {
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Close the filter handle for now
+    * It will be opened later when needed */
+    FilterRelease(filter);
+
+    *error = paNoError;
+    return filter;
+
+error:
+    PA_DEBUG(("FilterNew: Error %d\n", result));
+    /*
+    Error cleanup
+    */
+    FilterFree(filter);
+
+    *error = result;
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+* Add reference to filter
+*/
+static void FilterAddRef( PaWinWdmFilter* filter )
+{
+    if (filter != 0)
+    {
+        filter->filterRefCount++;
+    }
+}
+
+
+/**
+* Initialize the pins of the filter. This is separated from FilterNew because this might fail if there is another
+* process using the pin(s).
+*/
+PaError FilterInitializePins( PaWinWdmFilter* filter )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    int pinId;
+
+    if (filter->devInfo.streamingType == Type_kNotUsed)
+        return paNoError;
+
+    if (filter->pins != NULL)
+        return paNoError;
+
+    /* Allocate pointer array to hold the pins */
+    filter->pins = (PaWinWdmPin**)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaWinWdmPin*) * filter->pinCount );
+    if( !filter->pins )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* Create all the pins we can */
+    for(pinId = 0; pinId < filter->pinCount; pinId++)
+    {
+        /* Create the pin with this Id */
+        PaWinWdmPin* newPin;
+        newPin = PinNew(filter, pinId, &result);
+        if( result == paInsufficientMemory )
+            goto error;
+        if( newPin != NULL )
+        {
+            filter->pins[pinId] = newPin;
+            ++filter->validPinCount;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            filter->pins[pinId] = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (filter->validPinCount == 0)
+    {
+        result = paDeviceUnavailable;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+
+error:
+
+    if (filter->pins)
+    {
+        for (pinId = 0; pinId < filter->pinCount; ++pinId)
+        {
+            if (filter->pins[pinId])
+            {
+                PinFree(filter->pins[pinId]);
+                filter->pins[pinId] = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( filter->pins );
+        filter->pins = 0;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/**
+* Free a previously created filter
+*/
+static void FilterFree(PaWinWdmFilter* filter)
+{
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    if( filter )
+    {
+        if (--filter->filterRefCount > 0)
+        {
+            /* Ok, a stream has a ref count to this filter */
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if ( filter->topologyFilter )
+        {
+            FilterFree(filter->topologyFilter);
+            filter->topologyFilter = 0;
+        }
+        if ( filter->pins )
+        {
+            int pinId;
+            for( pinId = 0; pinId < filter->pinCount; pinId++ )
+                PinFree(filter->pins[pinId]);
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( filter->pins );
+            filter->pins = 0;
+        }
+        if( filter->connections )
+        {
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory(filter->connections);
+            filter->connections = 0;
+        }
+        if( filter->nodes )
+        {
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory(filter->nodes);
+            filter->nodes = 0;
+        }
+        if( filter->handle )
+            CloseHandle( filter->handle );
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( filter );
+    }
+    PA_LOGE_;
+}
+
+/**
+* Reopen the filter handle if necessary so it can be used
+**/
+static PaError FilterUse(PaWinWdmFilter* filter)
+{
+    assert( filter );
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+    if( filter->handle == NULL )
+    {
+        /* Open the filter */
+        filter->handle = CreateFileW(
+            filter->devInfo.filterPath,
+            GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
+            0,
+            NULL,
+            OPEN_EXISTING,
+            FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL | FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED,
+            NULL);
+
+        if( filter->handle == NULL )
+        {
+            return paDeviceUnavailable;
+        }
+    }
+    filter->usageCount++;
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+/**
+* Release the filter handle if nobody is using it
+**/
+static void FilterRelease(PaWinWdmFilter* filter)
+{
+    assert( filter );
+    assert( filter->usageCount > 0 );
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+    /* Check first topology filter, if used */
+    if (filter->topologyFilter != NULL && filter->topologyFilter->handle != NULL)
+    {
+        FilterRelease(filter->topologyFilter);
+    }
+
+    filter->usageCount--;
+    if( filter->usageCount == 0 )
+    {
+        if( filter->handle != NULL )
+        {
+            CloseHandle( filter->handle );
+            filter->handle = NULL;
+        }
+    }
+    PA_LOGL_;
+}
+
+/**
+* Create a render or playback pin using the supplied format
+**/
+static PaWinWdmPin* FilterCreatePin(PaWinWdmFilter* filter,
+                                    int pinId,
+                                    const WAVEFORMATEX* wfex,
+                                    PaError* error)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaWinWdmPin* pin = NULL;
+    assert( filter );
+    assert( pinId < filter->pinCount );
+    pin = filter->pins[pinId];
+    assert( pin );
+    result = PinSetFormat(pin,wfex);
+    if( result == paNoError )
+    {
+        result = PinInstantiate(pin);
+    }
+    *error = result;
+    return result == paNoError ? pin : 0;
+}
+
+static const wchar_t kUsbPrefix[] = L"\\\\?\\USB";
+
+static BOOL IsUSBDevice(const wchar_t* devicePath)
+{
+    /* Alex Lessard pointed out that different devices might present the device path with
+       lower case letters. */
+    return (_wcsnicmp(devicePath, kUsbPrefix, sizeof(kUsbPrefix)/sizeof(kUsbPrefix[0]) ) == 0);
+}
+
+/* This should make it more language tolerant, I hope... */
+static const wchar_t kUsbNamePrefix[] = L"USB Audio";
+
+static BOOL IsNameUSBAudioDevice(const wchar_t* friendlyName)
+{
+    return (_wcsnicmp(friendlyName, kUsbNamePrefix, sizeof(kUsbNamePrefix)/sizeof(kUsbNamePrefix[0])) == 0);
+}
+
+typedef enum _tag_EAlias
+{
+    Alias_kRender   = (1<<0),
+    Alias_kCapture  = (1<<1),
+    Alias_kRealtime = (1<<2),
+} EAlias;
+
+/* Trim whitespace from string */
+static void TrimString(wchar_t* str, size_t length)
+{
+    wchar_t* s = str;
+    wchar_t* e = 0;
+
+    /* Find start of string */
+    while (iswspace(*s)) ++s;
+    e=s+min(length,wcslen(s))-1;
+
+    /* Find end of string */
+    while(e>s && iswspace(*e)) --e;
+    ++e;
+
+    length = e - s;
+    memmove(str, s, length * sizeof(wchar_t));
+    str[length] = 0;
+}
+
+/**
+* Build the list of available filters
+* Use the SetupDi API to enumerate all devices in the KSCATEGORY_AUDIO which
+* have a KSCATEGORY_RENDER or KSCATEGORY_CAPTURE alias. For each of these
+* devices initialise a PaWinWdmFilter structure by calling our NewFilter()
+* function. We enumerate devices twice, once to count how many there are,
+* and once to initialize the PaWinWdmFilter structures.
+*
+* Vista and later: Also check KSCATEGORY_REALTIME for WaveRT devices.
+*/
+//PaError BuildFilterList( PaWinWdmHostApiRepresentation* wdmHostApi, int* noOfPaDevices )
+PaWinWdmFilter** BuildFilterList( int* pFilterCount, int* pNoOfPaDevices, PaError* pResult )
+{
+    PaWinWdmFilter** ppFilters = NULL;
+    HDEVINFO handle = NULL;
+    int device;
+    int invalidDevices;
+    int slot;
+    SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA interfaceData;
+    SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA aliasData;
+    SP_DEVINFO_DATA devInfoData;
+    int noError;
+    const int sizeInterface = sizeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA) + (MAX_PATH * sizeof(WCHAR));
+    unsigned char interfaceDetailsArray[sizeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA) + (MAX_PATH * sizeof(WCHAR))];
+    SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA_W* devInterfaceDetails = (SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA_W*)interfaceDetailsArray;
+    const GUID* category = (const GUID*)&KSCATEGORY_AUDIO;
+    const GUID* alias_render = (const GUID*)&KSCATEGORY_RENDER;
+    const GUID* alias_capture = (const GUID*)&KSCATEGORY_CAPTURE;
+    const GUID* category_realtime = (const GUID*)&KSCATEGORY_REALTIME;
+    DWORD aliasFlags;
+    PaWDMKSType streamingType;
+    int filterCount = 0;
+    int noOfPaDevices = 0;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    assert(pFilterCount != NULL);
+    assert(pNoOfPaDevices != NULL);
+    assert(pResult != NULL);
+
+    devInterfaceDetails->cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA_W);
+    *pFilterCount = 0;
+    *pNoOfPaDevices = 0;
+
+    /* Open a handle to search for devices (filters) */
+    handle = SetupDiGetClassDevs(category,NULL,NULL,DIGCF_PRESENT | DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE);
+    if( handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE )
+    {
+        *pResult = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    PA_DEBUG(("Setup called\n"));
+
+    /* First let's count the number of devices so we can allocate a list */
+    invalidDevices = 0;
+    for( device = 0;;device++ )
+    {
+        interfaceData.cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA);
+        interfaceData.Reserved = 0;
+        aliasData.cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA);
+        aliasData.Reserved = 0;
+        noError = SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(handle,NULL,category,device,&interfaceData);
+        PA_DEBUG(("Enum called\n"));
+        if( !noError )
+            break; /* No more devices */
+
+        /* Check this one has the render or capture alias */
+        aliasFlags = 0;
+        noError = SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceAlias(handle,&interfaceData,alias_render,&aliasData);
+        PA_DEBUG(("noError = %d\n",noError));
+        if(noError)
+        {
+            if(aliasData.Flags && (!(aliasData.Flags & SPINT_REMOVED)))
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("Device %d has render alias\n",device));
+                aliasFlags |= Alias_kRender; /* Has render alias */
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("Device %d has no render alias\n",device));
+            }
+        }
+        noError = SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceAlias(handle,&interfaceData,alias_capture,&aliasData);
+        if(noError)
+        {
+            if(aliasData.Flags && (!(aliasData.Flags & SPINT_REMOVED)))
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("Device %d has capture alias\n",device));
+                aliasFlags |= Alias_kCapture; /* Has capture alias */
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("Device %d has no capture alias\n",device));
+            }
+        }
+        if(!aliasFlags)
+            invalidDevices++; /* This was not a valid capture or render audio device */
+    }
+    /* Remember how many there are */
+    filterCount = device-invalidDevices;
+
+    PA_DEBUG(("Interfaces found: %d\n",device-invalidDevices));
+
+    /* Now allocate the list of pointers to devices */
+    ppFilters  = (PaWinWdmFilter**)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaWinWdmFilter*) * filterCount);
+    if( ppFilters == 0 )
+    {
+        if(handle != NULL)
+            SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(handle);
+        *pResult = paInsufficientMemory;
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    /* Now create filter objects for each interface found */
+    slot = 0;
+    for( device = 0;;device++ )
+    {
+        interfaceData.cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA);
+        interfaceData.Reserved = 0;
+        aliasData.cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA);
+        aliasData.Reserved = 0;
+        devInfoData.cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVINFO_DATA);
+        devInfoData.Reserved = 0;
+        streamingType = Type_kWaveCyclic;
+
+        noError = SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(handle,NULL,category,device,&interfaceData);
+        if( !noError )
+            break; /* No more devices */
+
+        /* Check this one has the render or capture alias */
+        aliasFlags = 0;
+        noError = SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceAlias(handle,&interfaceData,alias_render,&aliasData);
+        if(noError)
+        {
+            if(aliasData.Flags && (!(aliasData.Flags & SPINT_REMOVED)))
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("Device %d has render alias\n",device));
+                aliasFlags |= Alias_kRender; /* Has render alias */
+            }
+        }
+        noError = SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceAlias(handle,&interfaceData,alias_capture,&aliasData);
+        if(noError)
+        {
+            if(aliasData.Flags && (!(aliasData.Flags & SPINT_REMOVED)))
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("Device %d has capture alias\n",device));
+                aliasFlags |= Alias_kCapture; /* Has capture alias */
+            }
+        }
+        if(!aliasFlags)
+        {
+            continue; /* This was not a valid capture or render audio device */
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            /* Check if filter is WaveRT, if not it is a WaveCyclic */
+            noError = SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceAlias(handle,&interfaceData,category_realtime,&aliasData);
+            if (noError)
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("Device %d has realtime alias\n",device));
+                aliasFlags |= Alias_kRealtime;
+                streamingType = Type_kWaveRT;
+            }
+        }
+
+        noError = SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetailW(handle,&interfaceData,devInterfaceDetails,sizeInterface,NULL,&devInfoData);
+        if( noError )
+        {
+            DWORD type;
+            WCHAR friendlyName[MAX_PATH] = {0};
+            DWORD sizeFriendlyName;
+            PaWinWdmFilter* newFilter = 0;
+
+            PaError result = paNoError;
+            /* Try to get the "friendly name" for this interface */
+            sizeFriendlyName = sizeof(friendlyName);
+
+            if (IsEarlierThanVista() && IsUSBDevice(devInterfaceDetails->DevicePath))
+            {
+                /* XP and USB audio device needs to look elsewhere, otherwise it'll only be a "USB Audio Device". Not
+                very literate. */
+                if (!SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyW(handle,
+                    &devInfoData,
+                    SPDRP_LOCATION_INFORMATION,
+                    &type,
+                    (BYTE*)friendlyName,
+                    sizeof(friendlyName),
+                    NULL))
+                {
+                    friendlyName[0] = 0;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (friendlyName[0] == 0 || IsNameUSBAudioDevice(friendlyName))
+            {
+                /* Fix contributed by Ben Allison
+                * Removed KEY_SET_VALUE from flags on following call
+                * as its causes failure when running without admin rights
+                * and it was not required */
+                HKEY hkey=SetupDiOpenDeviceInterfaceRegKey(handle,&interfaceData,0,KEY_QUERY_VALUE);
+                if(hkey!=INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
+                {
+                    noError = RegQueryValueExW(hkey,L"FriendlyName",0,&type,(BYTE*)friendlyName,&sizeFriendlyName);
+                    if( noError == ERROR_SUCCESS )
+                    {
+                        PA_DEBUG(("Interface %d, Name: %s\n",device,friendlyName));
+                        RegCloseKey(hkey);
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        friendlyName[0] = 0;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            TrimString(friendlyName, sizeFriendlyName);
+
+            newFilter = FilterNew(streamingType,
+                devInfoData.DevInst,
+                devInterfaceDetails->DevicePath,
+                friendlyName,
+                &result);
+
+            if( result == paNoError )
+            {
+                int pin;
+                unsigned filterIOs = 0;
+
+                /* Increment number of "devices" */
+                for (pin = 0; pin < newFilter->pinCount; ++pin)
+                {
+                    PaWinWdmPin* pPin = newFilter->pins[pin];
+                    if (pPin == NULL)
+                        continue;
+
+                    filterIOs += max(1, pPin->inputCount);
+                }
+
+                noOfPaDevices += filterIOs;
+
+                PA_DEBUG(("Filter (%s) created with %d valid pins (total I/Os: %u)\n", ((newFilter->devInfo.streamingType==Type_kWaveRT)?"WaveRT":"WaveCyclic"), newFilter->validPinCount, filterIOs));
+
+                assert(slot < filterCount);
+
+                ppFilters[slot] = newFilter;
+
+                slot++;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("Filter NOT created\n"));
+                /* As there are now less filters than we initially thought
+                * we must reduce the count by one */
+                filterCount--;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Clean up */
+    if(handle != NULL)
+        SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(handle);
+
+    *pFilterCount = filterCount;
+    *pNoOfPaDevices = noOfPaDevices;
+
+    return ppFilters;
+}
+
+typedef struct PaNameHashIndex
+{
+    unsigned index;
+    unsigned count;
+    ULONG    hash;
+    struct PaNameHashIndex *next;
+} PaNameHashIndex;
+
+typedef struct PaNameHashObject
+{
+    PaNameHashIndex* list;
+    PaUtilAllocationGroup* allocGroup;
+} PaNameHashObject;
+
+static ULONG GetNameHash(const wchar_t* str, const BOOL input)
+{
+    /* This is to make sure that a name that exists as both input & output won't get the same hash value */
+    const ULONG fnv_prime = (input ? 0x811C9DD7 : 0x811FEB0B);
+    ULONG hash = 0;
+    for(; *str != 0; str++)
+    {
+        hash *= fnv_prime;
+        hash ^= (*str);
+    }
+    assert(hash != 0);
+    return hash;
+}
+
+static PaError CreateHashEntry(PaNameHashObject* obj, const wchar_t* name, const BOOL input)
+{
+    ULONG hash = GetNameHash(name, input);
+    PaNameHashIndex * pLast = NULL;
+    PaNameHashIndex * p = obj->list;
+    while (p != 0)
+    {
+        if (p->hash == hash)
+        {
+            break;
+        }
+        pLast = p;
+        p = p->next;
+    }
+    if (p == NULL)
+    {
+        p = (PaNameHashIndex*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(obj->allocGroup, sizeof(PaNameHashIndex));
+        if (p == NULL)
+        {
+            return paInsufficientMemory;
+        }
+        p->hash = hash;
+        p->count = 1;
+        if (pLast != 0)
+        {
+            assert(pLast->next == 0);
+            pLast->next = p;
+        }
+        if (obj->list == 0)
+        {
+            obj->list = p;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        ++p->count;
+    }
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+static PaError InitNameHashObject(PaNameHashObject* obj, PaWinWdmFilter* pFilter)
+{
+    int i;
+
+    obj->allocGroup = PaUtil_CreateAllocationGroup();
+    if (obj->allocGroup == NULL)
+    {
+        return paInsufficientMemory;
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < pFilter->pinCount; ++i)
+    {
+        unsigned m;
+        PaWinWdmPin* pin = pFilter->pins[i];
+
+        if (pin == NULL)
+            continue;
+
+        for (m = 0; m < max(1, pin->inputCount); ++m)
+        {
+            const BOOL isInput = (pin->dataFlow == KSPIN_DATAFLOW_OUT);
+            const wchar_t* name = (pin->inputs == NULL) ? pin->friendlyName : pin->inputs[m]->friendlyName;
+
+            PaError result = CreateHashEntry(obj, name, isInput);
+
+            if (result != paNoError)
+            {
+                return result;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+static void DeinitNameHashObject(PaNameHashObject* obj)
+{
+    assert(obj != 0);
+    PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations(obj->allocGroup);
+    PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup(obj->allocGroup);
+    memset(obj, 0, sizeof(PaNameHashObject));
+}
+
+static unsigned GetNameIndex(PaNameHashObject* obj, const wchar_t* name, const BOOL input)
+{
+    ULONG hash = GetNameHash(name, input);
+    PaNameHashIndex* p = obj->list;
+    while (p != NULL)
+    {
+        if (p->hash == hash)
+        {
+            if (p->count > 1)
+            {
+                return (++p->index);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                return 0;
+            }
+        }
+
+        p = p->next;
+    }
+    // Should never get here!!
+    assert(FALSE);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static PaError ScanDeviceInfos( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi, PaHostApiIndex hostApiIndex, void **scanResults, int *newDeviceCount )
+{
+    PaWinWdmHostApiRepresentation *wdmHostApi = (PaWinWdmHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaWinWdmFilter** ppFilters = 0;
+    PaWinWDMScanDeviceInfosResults *outArgument = 0;
+    int filterCount = 0;
+    int totalDeviceCount = 0;
+    int idxDevice = 0;
+    DWORD defaultInDevPathSize = 0;
+    DWORD defaultOutDevPathSize = 0;
+    wchar_t* defaultInDevPath = 0;
+    wchar_t* defaultOutDevPath = 0;
+
+    ppFilters = BuildFilterList( &filterCount, &totalDeviceCount, &result );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+    {
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    // Get hold of default device paths for capture & playback
+    if( waveInMessage(0, DRV_QUERYDEVICEINTERFACESIZE, (DWORD_PTR)&defaultInDevPathSize, 0 ) == MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+    {
+        defaultInDevPath = (wchar_t *)PaUtil_AllocateMemory((defaultInDevPathSize + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
+        waveInMessage(0, DRV_QUERYDEVICEINTERFACE, (DWORD_PTR)defaultInDevPath, defaultInDevPathSize);
+    }
+    if( waveOutMessage(0, DRV_QUERYDEVICEINTERFACESIZE, (DWORD_PTR)&defaultOutDevPathSize, 0 ) == MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+    {
+        defaultOutDevPath = (wchar_t *)PaUtil_AllocateMemory((defaultOutDevPathSize + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
+        waveOutMessage(0, DRV_QUERYDEVICEINTERFACE, (DWORD_PTR)defaultOutDevPath, defaultOutDevPathSize);
+    }
+
+    if( totalDeviceCount > 0 )
+    {
+        PaWinWdmDeviceInfo *deviceInfoArray = 0;
+        int idxFilter;
+        int i;
+        unsigned devIsDefaultIn = 0, devIsDefaultOut = 0;
+
+        /* Allocate the out param for all the info we need */
+        outArgument = (PaWinWDMScanDeviceInfosResults *) PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+            wdmHostApi->allocations, sizeof(PaWinWDMScanDeviceInfosResults) );
+        if( !outArgument )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        outArgument->defaultInputDevice  = paNoDevice;
+        outArgument->defaultOutputDevice = paNoDevice;
+
+        outArgument->deviceInfos = (PaDeviceInfo**)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+            wdmHostApi->allocations, sizeof(PaDeviceInfo*) * totalDeviceCount );
+        if( !outArgument->deviceInfos )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* allocate all device info structs in a contiguous block */
+        deviceInfoArray = (PaWinWdmDeviceInfo*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+            wdmHostApi->allocations, sizeof(PaWinWdmDeviceInfo) * totalDeviceCount );
+        if( !deviceInfoArray )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* Make sure all items in array */
+        for( i = 0 ; i < totalDeviceCount; ++i )
+        {
+            PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo  = &deviceInfoArray[i].inheritedDeviceInfo;
+            deviceInfo->structVersion = 2;
+            deviceInfo->hostApi       = hostApiIndex;
+            deviceInfo->name          = 0;
+            outArgument->deviceInfos[ i ] = deviceInfo;
+        }
+
+        idxDevice = 0;
+        for (idxFilter = 0; idxFilter < filterCount; ++idxFilter)
+        {
+            PaNameHashObject nameHash = {0};
+            PaWinWdmFilter* pFilter = ppFilters[idxFilter];
+            if( pFilter == NULL )
+                continue;
+
+            if (InitNameHashObject(&nameHash, pFilter) != paNoError)
+            {
+                DeinitNameHashObject(&nameHash);
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            devIsDefaultIn = (defaultInDevPath && (_wcsicmp(pFilter->devInfo.filterPath, defaultInDevPath) == 0));
+            devIsDefaultOut = (defaultOutDevPath && (_wcsicmp(pFilter->devInfo.filterPath, defaultOutDevPath) == 0));
+
+            for (i = 0; i < pFilter->pinCount; ++i)
+            {
+                unsigned m;
+                ULONG nameIndex = 0;
+                ULONG nameIndexHash = 0;
+                PaWinWdmPin* pin = pFilter->pins[i];
+
+                if (pin == NULL)
+                    continue;
+
+                for (m = 0; m < max(1, pin->inputCount); ++m)
+                {
+                    PaWinWdmDeviceInfo *wdmDeviceInfo = (PaWinWdmDeviceInfo *)outArgument->deviceInfos[idxDevice];
+                    PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo = &wdmDeviceInfo->inheritedDeviceInfo;
+                    wchar_t localCompositeName[MAX_PATH];
+                    const BOOL isInput = (pin->dataFlow == KSPIN_DATAFLOW_OUT);
+
+                    wdmDeviceInfo->filter = pFilter;
+
+                    deviceInfo->structVersion = 2;
+                    deviceInfo->hostApi = hostApiIndex;
+                    deviceInfo->name = wdmDeviceInfo->compositeName;
+                    /* deviceInfo->hostApiSpecificDeviceInfo = &pFilter->devInfo; */
+
+                    wdmDeviceInfo->pin = pin->pinId;
+
+                    /* Get the name of the "device" */
+                    if (pin->inputs == NULL)
+                    {
+                        wcsncpy(localCompositeName, pin->friendlyName, MAX_PATH);
+                        wdmDeviceInfo->muxPosition = -1;
+                        wdmDeviceInfo->endpointPinId = pin->endpointPinId;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        PaWinWdmMuxedInput* input = pin->inputs[m];
+                        wcsncpy(localCompositeName, input->friendlyName, MAX_PATH);
+                        wdmDeviceInfo->muxPosition = (int)m;
+                        wdmDeviceInfo->endpointPinId = input->endpointPinId;
+                    }
+
+                    {
+                        /* Get base length */
+                        size_t n = wcslen(localCompositeName);
+
+                        /* Check if there are more entries with same name (which might very well be the case), if there
+                        are, the name will be postfixed with an index. */
+                        nameIndex = GetNameIndex(&nameHash, localCompositeName, isInput);
+                        if (nameIndex > 0)
+                        {
+                            /* This name has multiple instances, so we post fix with a number */
+                            n += _snwprintf(localCompositeName + n, MAX_PATH - n, L" %u", nameIndex);
+                        }
+                        /* Postfix with filter name */
+                        _snwprintf(localCompositeName + n, MAX_PATH - n, L" (%s)", pFilter->friendlyName);
+                    }
+
+                    /* Convert wide char string to utf-8 */
+                    WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, localCompositeName, -1, wdmDeviceInfo->compositeName, MAX_PATH, NULL, NULL);
+
+                    /* NB! WDM/KS has no concept of a full-duplex device, each pin is either an input or an output */
+                    if (isInput)
+                    {
+                        /* INPUT ! */
+                        deviceInfo->maxInputChannels  = pin->maxChannels;
+                        deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels = 0;
+
+                        /* RoBi NB: Due to the fact that input audio endpoints in Vista (& later OSs) can be the same device, but with
+                           different input mux settings, there might be a discrepancy between the default input device chosen, and
+                           that which will be used by Portaudio. Not much to do about that unfortunately.
+                        */
+                        if ((defaultInDevPath == 0 || devIsDefaultIn) &&
+                             outArgument->defaultInputDevice == paNoDevice)
+                        {
+                            outArgument->defaultInputDevice = idxDevice;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        /* OUTPUT ! */
+                        deviceInfo->maxInputChannels  = 0;
+                        deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels = pin->maxChannels;
+
+                        if ((defaultOutDevPath == 0 || devIsDefaultOut) &&
+                            outArgument->defaultOutputDevice == paNoDevice)
+                        {
+                            outArgument->defaultOutputDevice = idxDevice;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    /* These low values are not very useful because
+                    * a) The lowest latency we end up with can depend on many factors such
+                    *    as the device buffer sizes/granularities, sample rate, channels and format
+                    * b) We cannot know the device buffer sizes until we try to open/use it at
+                    *    a particular setting
+                    * So: we give 512x48000Hz frames as the default low input latency
+                    **/
+                    switch (pFilter->devInfo.streamingType)
+                    {
+                    case Type_kWaveCyclic:
+                        if (IsEarlierThanVista())
+                        {
+                            /* XP doesn't tolerate low latency, unless the Process Priority Class is set to REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS
+                            through SetPriorityClass, then 10 ms is quite feasible. However, one should then bear in mind that ALL of
+                            the process is running in REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS, which might not be appropriate for an application with
+                            a GUI . In this case it is advisable to separate the audio engine in another process and use IPC to communicate
+                            with it. */
+                            deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency = 0.02;
+                            deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency = 0.02;
+                        }
+                        else
+                        {
+                            /* This is a conservative estimate. Most WaveCyclic drivers will limit the available latency, but f.i. my Edirol
+                            PCR-A30 can reach 3 ms latency easily... */
+                            deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency = 0.01;
+                            deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency = 0.01;
+                        }
+                        deviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency = (4096.0/48000.0);
+                        deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency = (4096.0/48000.0);
+                        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = (double)(pin->defaultSampleRate);
+                        break;
+                    case Type_kWaveRT:
+                        /* This is also a conservative estimate, based on WaveRT polled mode. In polled mode, the latency will be dictated
+                        by the buffer size given by the driver. */
+                        deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency = 0.01;
+                        deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency = 0.01;
+                        deviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency = 0.04;
+                        deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency = 0.04;
+                        deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = (double)(pin->defaultSampleRate);
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        assert(0);
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    /* Add reference to filter */
+                    FilterAddRef(wdmDeviceInfo->filter);
+
+                    assert(idxDevice < totalDeviceCount);
+                    ++idxDevice;
+                }
+            }
+
+            /* If no one has add ref'd the filter, drop it */
+            if (pFilter->filterRefCount == 0)
+            {
+                FilterFree(pFilter);
+            }
+
+            /* Deinitialize name hash object */
+            DeinitNameHashObject(&nameHash);
+        }
+    }
+
+    *scanResults = outArgument;
+    *newDeviceCount = idxDevice;
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    result = DisposeDeviceInfos(hostApi, outArgument, totalDeviceCount);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError CommitDeviceInfos( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index, void *scanResults, int deviceCount )
+{
+    PaWinWdmHostApiRepresentation *wdmHostApi = (PaWinWdmHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+
+    hostApi->info.deviceCount = 0;
+    hostApi->info.defaultInputDevice = paNoDevice;
+    hostApi->info.defaultOutputDevice = paNoDevice;
+
+    /* Free any old memory which might be in the device info */
+    if( hostApi->deviceInfos )
+    {
+        PaWinWDMScanDeviceInfosResults* localScanResults = (PaWinWDMScanDeviceInfosResults*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+            wdmHostApi->allocations, sizeof(PaWinWDMScanDeviceInfosResults));
+        localScanResults->deviceInfos = hostApi->deviceInfos;
+
+        DisposeDeviceInfos(hostApi, &localScanResults, hostApi->info.deviceCount);
+
+        hostApi->deviceInfos = NULL;
+    }
+
+    if( scanResults != NULL )
+    {
+        PaWinWDMScanDeviceInfosResults *scanDeviceInfosResults = ( PaWinWDMScanDeviceInfosResults * ) scanResults;
+
+        if( deviceCount > 0 )
+        {
+            /* use the array allocated in ScanDeviceInfos() as our deviceInfos */
+            hostApi->deviceInfos = scanDeviceInfosResults->deviceInfos;
+
+            hostApi->info.defaultInputDevice = scanDeviceInfosResults->defaultInputDevice;
+            hostApi->info.defaultOutputDevice = scanDeviceInfosResults->defaultOutputDevice;
+
+            hostApi->info.deviceCount = deviceCount;
+        }
+
+        PaUtil_GroupFreeMemory( wdmHostApi->allocations, scanDeviceInfosResults );
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+
+}
+
+static PaError DisposeDeviceInfos( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi, void *scanResults, int deviceCount )
+{
+    PaWinWdmHostApiRepresentation *winDsHostApi = (PaWinWdmHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+
+    if( scanResults != NULL )
+    {
+        PaWinWDMScanDeviceInfosResults *scanDeviceInfosResults = ( PaWinWDMScanDeviceInfosResults * ) scanResults;
+
+        if( scanDeviceInfosResults->deviceInfos )
+        {
+            int i;
+            for (i = 0; i < deviceCount; ++i)
+            {
+                PaWinWdmDeviceInfo* pDevice = (PaWinWdmDeviceInfo*)scanDeviceInfosResults->deviceInfos[i];
+                if (pDevice->filter != 0)
+                {
+                    FilterFree(pDevice->filter);
+                }
+            }
+
+            PaUtil_GroupFreeMemory( winDsHostApi->allocations, scanDeviceInfosResults->deviceInfos[0] ); /* all device info structs are allocated in a block so we can destroy them here */
+            PaUtil_GroupFreeMemory( winDsHostApi->allocations, scanDeviceInfosResults->deviceInfos );
+        }
+
+        PaUtil_GroupFreeMemory( winDsHostApi->allocations, scanDeviceInfosResults );
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+
+}
+
+PaError PaWinWdm_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex hostApiIndex )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    int deviceCount = 0;
+    void *scanResults = 0;
+    PaWinWdmHostApiRepresentation *wdmHostApi = NULL;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+#ifdef PA_WDMKS_SET_TREF
+    tRef = PaUtil_GetTime();
+#endif
+
+    /*
+    Attempt to load the KSUSER.DLL without which we cannot create pins
+    We will unload this on termination
+    */
+    if(DllKsUser == NULL)
+    {
+        DllKsUser = LoadLibrary(TEXT("ksuser.dll"));
+        if(DllKsUser == NULL)
+            goto error;
+    }
+    FunctionKsCreatePin = (KSCREATEPIN*)GetProcAddress(DllKsUser, "KsCreatePin");
+    if(FunctionKsCreatePin == NULL)
+        goto error;
+
+    /* Attempt to load AVRT.DLL, if we can't, then we'll just use time critical prio instead... */
+    if(paWinWDMKSAvRtEntryPoints.hInstance == NULL)
+    {
+        paWinWDMKSAvRtEntryPoints.hInstance = LoadLibrary(TEXT("avrt.dll"));
+        if (paWinWDMKSAvRtEntryPoints.hInstance != NULL)
+        {
+            paWinWDMKSAvRtEntryPoints.AvSetMmThreadCharacteristics =
+                (HANDLE(WINAPI*)(LPCSTR,LPDWORD))GetProcAddress(paWinWDMKSAvRtEntryPoints.hInstance,"AvSetMmThreadCharacteristicsA");
+            paWinWDMKSAvRtEntryPoints.AvRevertMmThreadCharacteristics =
+                (BOOL(WINAPI*)(HANDLE))GetProcAddress(paWinWDMKSAvRtEntryPoints.hInstance, "AvRevertMmThreadCharacteristics");
+            paWinWDMKSAvRtEntryPoints.AvSetMmThreadPriority =
+                (BOOL(WINAPI*)(HANDLE,PA_AVRT_PRIORITY))GetProcAddress(paWinWDMKSAvRtEntryPoints.hInstance, "AvSetMmThreadPriority");
+        }
+    }
+
+    wdmHostApi = (PaWinWdmHostApiRepresentation*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaWinWdmHostApiRepresentation) );
+    if( !wdmHostApi )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    wdmHostApi->allocations = PaUtil_CreateAllocationGroup();
+    if( !wdmHostApi->allocations )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    *hostApi = &wdmHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep;
+    (*hostApi)->info.structVersion = 1;
+    (*hostApi)->info.type = paWDMKS;
+    (*hostApi)->info.name = "Windows WDM-KS";
+
+    /* these are all updated by CommitDeviceInfos() */
+    (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount = 0;
+    (*hostApi)->info.defaultInputDevice = paNoDevice;
+    (*hostApi)->info.defaultOutputDevice = paNoDevice;
+    (*hostApi)->deviceInfos = 0;
+
+    result = ScanDeviceInfos(&wdmHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep, hostApiIndex, &scanResults, &deviceCount);
+    if (result != paNoError)
+    {
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    CommitDeviceInfos(&wdmHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep, hostApiIndex, scanResults, deviceCount);
+
+    (*hostApi)->Terminate = Terminate;
+    (*hostApi)->OpenStream = OpenStream;
+    (*hostApi)->IsFormatSupported = IsFormatSupported;
+    /* In preparation for hotplug
+    (*hostApi)->ScanDeviceInfos = ScanDeviceInfos;
+    (*hostApi)->CommitDeviceInfos = CommitDeviceInfos;
+    (*hostApi)->DisposeDeviceInfos = DisposeDeviceInfos;
+    */
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( &wdmHostApi->callbackStreamInterface, CloseStream, StartStream,
+        StopStream, AbortStream, IsStreamStopped, IsStreamActive,
+        GetStreamTime, GetStreamCpuLoad,
+        PaUtil_DummyRead, PaUtil_DummyWrite,
+        PaUtil_DummyGetReadAvailable, PaUtil_DummyGetWriteAvailable );
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( &wdmHostApi->blockingStreamInterface, CloseStream, StartStream,
+        StopStream, AbortStream, IsStreamStopped, IsStreamActive,
+        GetStreamTime, PaUtil_DummyGetCpuLoad,
+        ReadStream, WriteStream, GetStreamReadAvailable, GetStreamWriteAvailable );
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    Terminate( (PaUtilHostApiRepresentation*)wdmHostApi );
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static void Terminate( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi )
+{
+    PaWinWdmHostApiRepresentation *wdmHostApi = (PaWinWdmHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    /* Do not unload the libraries */
+    if( DllKsUser != NULL )
+    {
+        FreeLibrary( DllKsUser );
+        DllKsUser = NULL;
+    }
+
+    if( paWinWDMKSAvRtEntryPoints.hInstance != NULL )
+    {
+        FreeLibrary( paWinWDMKSAvRtEntryPoints.hInstance );
+        paWinWDMKSAvRtEntryPoints.hInstance = NULL;
+    }
+
+    if( wdmHostApi)
+    {
+        PaWinWDMScanDeviceInfosResults* localScanResults = (PaWinWDMScanDeviceInfosResults*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+            wdmHostApi->allocations, sizeof(PaWinWDMScanDeviceInfosResults));
+        localScanResults->deviceInfos = hostApi->deviceInfos;
+        DisposeDeviceInfos(hostApi, localScanResults, hostApi->info.deviceCount);
+
+        if( wdmHostApi->allocations )
+        {
+            PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations( wdmHostApi->allocations );
+            PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup( wdmHostApi->allocations );
+        }
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( wdmHostApi );
+    }
+    PA_LOGL_;
+}
+
+static PaError IsFormatSupported( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                 const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                 const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                 double sampleRate )
+{
+    int inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount;
+    PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat, outputSampleFormat;
+    PaWinWdmHostApiRepresentation *wdmHostApi = (PaWinWdmHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    PaWinWdmFilter* pFilter;
+    int result = paFormatIsSupported;
+    WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE wfx;
+    PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask channelMask;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        PaWinWdmDeviceInfo* pDeviceInfo = (PaWinWdmDeviceInfo*)wdmHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep.deviceInfos[inputParameters->device];
+        PaWinWdmPin* pin;
+        unsigned fmt;
+        unsigned long testFormat = 0;
+        unsigned validBits = 0;
+
+        inputChannelCount = inputParameters->channelCount;
+        inputSampleFormat = inputParameters->sampleFormat;
+
+        /* all standard sample formats are supported by the buffer adapter,
+        this implementation doesn't support any custom sample formats */
+        if( inputSampleFormat & paCustomFormat )
+        {
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paSampleFormatNotSupported, "IsFormatSupported: Custom input format not supported");
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+        }
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+        paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+
+        if( inputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+        {
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paInvalidDevice, "IsFormatSupported: paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification not supported");
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+        }
+
+        /* check that input device can support inputChannelCount */
+        if( inputChannelCount > hostApi->deviceInfos[ inputParameters->device ]->maxInputChannels )
+        {
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paInvalidChannelCount, "IsFormatSupported: Invalid input channel count");
+            return paInvalidChannelCount;
+        }
+
+        /* validate inputStreamInfo */
+        if( inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo )
+        {
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo, "Host API stream info not supported");
+            return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo; /* this implementation doesn't use custom stream info */
+        }
+
+        pFilter = pDeviceInfo->filter;
+        pin = pFilter->pins[pDeviceInfo->pin];
+
+        /* Find out the testing format */
+        for (fmt = paFloat32; fmt <= paUInt8; fmt <<= 1)
+        {
+            if ((fmt & pin->formats) != 0)
+            {
+                /* Found a matching format! */
+                testFormat = fmt;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (testFormat == 0)
+        {
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "IsFormatSupported(capture) failed: no testformat found!");
+            return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        }
+
+        /* Due to special considerations, WaveRT devices with paInt24 should be tested with paInt32 and
+        valid bits = 24 (instead of 24 bit samples) */
+        if (pFilter->devInfo.streamingType == Type_kWaveRT && testFormat == paInt24)
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("IsFormatSupported (capture): WaveRT overriding testFormat paInt24 with paInt32 (24 valid bits)"));
+            testFormat = paInt32;
+            validBits = 24;
+        }
+
+        /* Check that the input format is supported */
+        channelMask = PaWin_DefaultChannelMask(inputChannelCount);
+        PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatExtensible((PaWinWaveFormat*)&wfx,
+            inputChannelCount,
+            testFormat,
+            PaWin_SampleFormatToLinearWaveFormatTag(testFormat),
+            sampleRate,
+            channelMask );
+        if (validBits != 0)
+        {
+            wfx.Samples.wValidBitsPerSample = validBits;
+        }
+
+        result = PinIsFormatSupported(pin, (const WAVEFORMATEX*)&wfx);
+        if( result != paNoError )
+        {
+            /* Try a WAVE_FORMAT_PCM instead */
+            PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatEx((PaWinWaveFormat*)&wfx,
+                inputChannelCount,
+                testFormat,
+                PaWin_SampleFormatToLinearWaveFormatTag(testFormat),
+                sampleRate);
+
+            if (validBits != 0)
+            {
+                wfx.Samples.wValidBitsPerSample = validBits;
+            }
+
+            result = PinIsFormatSupported(pin, (const WAVEFORMATEX*)&wfx);
+            if( result != paNoError )
+            {
+                PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "IsFormatSupported(capture) failed: sr=%u,ch=%u,bits=%u", wfx.Format.nSamplesPerSec, wfx.Format.nChannels, wfx.Format.wBitsPerSample);
+                return result;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        PaWinWdmDeviceInfo* pDeviceInfo = (PaWinWdmDeviceInfo*)wdmHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep.deviceInfos[outputParameters->device];
+        PaWinWdmPin* pin;
+        unsigned fmt;
+        unsigned long testFormat = 0;
+        unsigned validBits = 0;
+
+        outputChannelCount = outputParameters->channelCount;
+        outputSampleFormat = outputParameters->sampleFormat;
+
+        /* all standard sample formats are supported by the buffer adapter,
+        this implementation doesn't support any custom sample formats */
+        if( outputSampleFormat & paCustomFormat )
+        {
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paSampleFormatNotSupported, "IsFormatSupported: Custom output format not supported");
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+        }
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+        paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+
+        if( outputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+        {
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paInvalidDevice, "IsFormatSupported: paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification not supported");
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+        }
+
+        /* check that output device can support outputChannelCount */
+        if( outputChannelCount > hostApi->deviceInfos[ outputParameters->device ]->maxOutputChannels )
+        {
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paInvalidChannelCount, "Invalid output channel count");
+            return paInvalidChannelCount;
+        }
+
+        /* validate outputStreamInfo */
+        if( outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo )
+        {
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo, "Host API stream info not supported");
+            return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo; /* this implementation doesn't use custom stream info */
+        }
+
+        pFilter = pDeviceInfo->filter;
+        pin = pFilter->pins[pDeviceInfo->pin];
+
+        /* Find out the testing format */
+        for (fmt = paFloat32; fmt <= paUInt8; fmt <<= 1)
+        {
+            if ((fmt & pin->formats) != 0)
+            {
+                /* Found a matching format! */
+                testFormat = fmt;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (testFormat == 0)
+        {
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "IsFormatSupported(render) failed: no testformat found!");
+            return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        }
+
+        /* Due to special considerations, WaveRT devices with paInt24 should be tested with paInt32 and
+        valid bits = 24 (instead of 24 bit samples) */
+        if (pFilter->devInfo.streamingType == Type_kWaveRT && testFormat == paInt24)
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("IsFormatSupported (render): WaveRT overriding testFormat paInt24 with paInt32 (24 valid bits)"));
+            testFormat = paInt32;
+            validBits = 24;
+        }
+
+        /* Check that the output format is supported */
+        channelMask = PaWin_DefaultChannelMask(outputChannelCount);
+        PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatExtensible((PaWinWaveFormat*)&wfx,
+            outputChannelCount,
+            testFormat,
+            PaWin_SampleFormatToLinearWaveFormatTag(testFormat),
+            sampleRate,
+            channelMask );
+
+        if (validBits != 0)
+        {
+            wfx.Samples.wValidBitsPerSample = validBits;
+        }
+
+        result = PinIsFormatSupported(pin, (const WAVEFORMATEX*)&wfx);
+        if( result != paNoError )
+        {
+            /* Try a WAVE_FORMAT_PCM instead */
+            PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatEx((PaWinWaveFormat*)&wfx,
+                outputChannelCount,
+                testFormat,
+                PaWin_SampleFormatToLinearWaveFormatTag(testFormat),
+                sampleRate);
+
+            if (validBits != 0)
+            {
+                wfx.Samples.wValidBitsPerSample = validBits;
+            }
+
+            result = PinIsFormatSupported(pin, (const WAVEFORMATEX*)&wfx);
+            if( result != paNoError )
+            {
+                PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "IsFormatSupported(render) failed: %u,%u,%u", wfx.Format.nSamplesPerSec, wfx.Format.nChannels, wfx.Format.wBitsPerSample);
+                return result;
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = 0;
+    }
+
+    /*
+    IMPLEMENT ME:
+
+    - if a full duplex stream is requested, check that the combination
+    of input and output parameters is supported if necessary
+
+    - check that the device supports sampleRate
+
+    Because the buffer adapter handles conversion between all standard
+    sample formats, the following checks are only required if paCustomFormat
+    is implemented, or under some other unusual conditions.
+
+    - check that input device can support inputSampleFormat, or that
+    we have the capability to convert from inputSampleFormat to
+    a native format
+
+    - check that output device can support outputSampleFormat, or that
+    we have the capability to convert from outputSampleFormat to
+    a native format
+    */
+    if((inputChannelCount == 0)&&(outputChannelCount == 0))
+    {
+        PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paSampleFormatNotSupported, "No input or output channels defined");
+        result = paSampleFormatNotSupported; /* Not right error */
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return result;
+}
+
+static void ResetStreamEvents(PaWinWdmStream* stream)
+{
+    unsigned i;
+    ResetEvent(stream->eventAbort);
+    ResetEvent(stream->eventStreamStart[StreamStart_kOk]);
+    ResetEvent(stream->eventStreamStart[StreamStart_kFailed]);
+
+    for (i=0; i<stream->capture.noOfPackets; ++i)
+    {
+        if (stream->capture.events && stream->capture.events[i])
+        {
+            ResetEvent(stream->capture.events[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    for (i=0; i<stream->render.noOfPackets; ++i)
+    {
+        if (stream->render.events && stream->render.events[i])
+        {
+            ResetEvent(stream->render.events[i]);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void CloseStreamEvents(PaWinWdmStream* stream)
+{
+    unsigned i;
+    PaWinWdmIOInfo* ios[2] = { &stream->capture, &stream->render };
+
+    if (stream->eventAbort)
+    {
+        CloseHandle(stream->eventAbort);
+        stream->eventAbort = 0;
+    }
+    if (stream->eventStreamStart[StreamStart_kOk])
+    {
+        CloseHandle(stream->eventStreamStart[StreamStart_kOk]);
+    }
+    if (stream->eventStreamStart[StreamStart_kFailed])
+    {
+        CloseHandle(stream->eventStreamStart[StreamStart_kFailed]);
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
+    {
+        unsigned j;
+        /* Unregister notification handles for WaveRT */
+        if (ios[i]->pPin && ios[i]->pPin->parentFilter->devInfo.streamingType == Type_kWaveRT &&
+            ios[i]->pPin->pinKsSubType == SubType_kNotification &&
+            ios[i]->events != 0)
+        {
+            PinUnregisterNotificationHandle(ios[i]->pPin, ios[i]->events[0]);
+        }
+
+        for (j=0; j < ios[i]->noOfPackets; ++j)
+        {
+            if (ios[i]->events && ios[i]->events[j])
+            {
+                CloseHandle(ios[i]->events[j]);
+                ios[i]->events[j] = 0;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static unsigned NextPowerOf2(unsigned val)
+{
+    val--;
+    val = (val >> 1) | val;
+    val = (val >> 2) | val;
+    val = (val >> 4) | val;
+    val = (val >> 8) | val;
+    val = (val >> 16) | val;
+    return ++val;
+}
+
+static PaError ValidateSpecificStreamParameters(
+    const PaStreamParameters *streamParameters,
+    const PaWinWDMKSInfo *streamInfo,
+    unsigned isInput)
+{
+    if( streamInfo )
+    {
+        if( streamInfo->size != sizeof( PaWinWDMKSInfo )
+            || streamInfo->version != 1 )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("Stream parameters: size or version not correct"));
+            return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        }
+
+        if (!!(streamInfo->flags & ~(paWinWDMKSOverrideFramesize | paWinWDMKSUseGivenChannelMask)))
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("Stream parameters: non supported flags set"));
+            return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        }
+
+        if (streamInfo->noOfPackets != 0 &&
+            (streamInfo->noOfPackets < 2 || streamInfo->noOfPackets > 8))
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("Stream parameters: noOfPackets %u out of range [2,8]", streamInfo->noOfPackets));
+            return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        }
+
+        if (streamInfo->flags & paWinWDMKSUseGivenChannelMask)
+        {
+            if (isInput)
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("Stream parameters: Channels mask setting not supported for input stream"));
+                return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+            }
+
+            if (streamInfo->channelMask & PAWIN_SPEAKER_RESERVED)
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("Stream parameters: Given channels mask 0x%08X not supported", streamInfo->channelMask));
+                return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+
+
+
+/* see pa_hostapi.h for a list of validity guarantees made about OpenStream parameters */
+
+static PaError OpenStream( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                          PaStream** s,
+                          const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                          const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                          double sampleRate,
+                          unsigned long framesPerUserBuffer,
+                          PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                          PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                          void *userData )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaWinWdmHostApiRepresentation *wdmHostApi = (PaWinWdmHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    PaWinWdmStream *stream = 0;
+    /* unsigned long framesPerHostBuffer; these may not be equivalent for all implementations */
+    PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat, outputSampleFormat;
+    PaSampleFormat hostInputSampleFormat, hostOutputSampleFormat;
+    int userInputChannels,userOutputChannels;
+    WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE wfx;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+    PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream:sampleRate = %f\n",sampleRate));
+    PA_DEBUG(("OpenStream:framesPerBuffer = %lu\n",framesPerUserBuffer));
+
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        userInputChannels = inputParameters->channelCount;
+        inputSampleFormat = inputParameters->sampleFormat;
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+        paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+
+        if( inputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+        {
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paInvalidDevice, "paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification(in) not supported");
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+        }
+
+        /* check that input device can support stream->userInputChannels */
+        if( userInputChannels > hostApi->deviceInfos[ inputParameters->device ]->maxInputChannels )
+        {
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paInvalidChannelCount, "Invalid input channel count");
+            return paInvalidChannelCount;
+        }
+
+        /* validate inputStreamInfo */
+        result = ValidateSpecificStreamParameters(inputParameters, inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo, 1 );
+        if(result != paNoError)
+        {
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "Host API stream info not supported (in)");
+            return result; /* this implementation doesn't use custom stream info */
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        userInputChannels = 0;
+        inputSampleFormat = paInt16; /* Suppress 'uninitialised var' warnings. */
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        userOutputChannels = outputParameters->channelCount;
+        outputSampleFormat = outputParameters->sampleFormat;
+
+        /* unless alternate device specification is supported, reject the use of
+        paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification */
+
+        if( outputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+        {
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paInvalidDevice, "paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification(out) not supported");
+            return paInvalidDevice;
+        }
+
+        /* check that output device can support stream->userInputChannels */
+        if( userOutputChannels > hostApi->deviceInfos[ outputParameters->device ]->maxOutputChannels )
+        {
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paInvalidChannelCount, "Invalid output channel count");
+            return paInvalidChannelCount;
+        }
+
+        /* validate outputStreamInfo */
+        result = ValidateSpecificStreamParameters( outputParameters, outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo, 0 );
+        if (result != paNoError)
+        {
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "Host API stream info not supported (out)");
+            return result; /* this implementation doesn't use custom stream info */
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        userOutputChannels = 0;
+        outputSampleFormat = paInt16; /* Suppress 'uninitialized var' warnings. */
+    }
+
+    /* validate platform specific flags */
+    if( (streamFlags & paPlatformSpecificFlags) != 0 )
+    {
+        PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paInvalidFlag, "Invalid flag supplied");
+        return paInvalidFlag; /* unexpected platform specific flag */
+    }
+
+    stream = (PaWinWdmStream*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaWinWdmStream) );
+    if( !stream )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* Create allocation group */
+    stream->allocGroup = PaUtil_CreateAllocationGroup();
+    if( !stream->allocGroup )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* Zero the stream object */
+    /* memset((void*)stream,0,sizeof(PaWinWdmStream)); */
+
+    if( streamCallback )
+    {
+        PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation,
+            &wdmHostApi->callbackStreamInterface, streamCallback, userData );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation,
+        &wdmHostApi->blockingStreamInterface, streamCallback, userData ); */
+
+        /* We don't support the blocking API yet */
+        PA_DEBUG(("Blocking API not supported yet!\n"));
+        PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paUnanticipatedHostError, "Blocking API not supported yet");
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeCpuLoadMeasurer( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer, sampleRate );
+
+    /* Instantiate the input pin if necessary */
+    if(userInputChannels > 0)
+    {
+        PaWinWdmFilter* pFilter;
+        PaWinWdmDeviceInfo* pDeviceInfo;
+        PaWinWdmPin* pPin;
+        unsigned validBitsPerSample = 0;
+        PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask channelMask = PaWin_DefaultChannelMask( userInputChannels );
+
+        result = paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+        pDeviceInfo = (PaWinWdmDeviceInfo*)wdmHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep.deviceInfos[inputParameters->device];
+        pFilter = pDeviceInfo->filter;
+        pPin = pFilter->pins[pDeviceInfo->pin];
+
+        stream->userInputChannels = userInputChannels;
+
+        hostInputSampleFormat = PaUtil_SelectClosestAvailableFormat( pPin->formats, inputSampleFormat );
+        if (hostInputSampleFormat == paSampleFormatNotSupported)
+        {
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "PU_SCAF(%X,%X) failed (input)", pPin->formats, inputSampleFormat);
+            goto error;
+        }
+        else if (pFilter->devInfo.streamingType == Type_kWaveRT && hostInputSampleFormat == paInt24)
+        {
+            /* For WaveRT, we choose 32 bit format instead of paInt24, since we MIGHT need to align buffer on a
+            128 byte boundary (see PinGetBuffer) */
+            hostInputSampleFormat = paInt32;
+            /* But we'll tell the driver that it's 24 bit in 32 bit container */
+            validBitsPerSample = 24;
+        }
+
+        while (hostInputSampleFormat <= paUInt8)
+        {
+            unsigned channelsToProbe = stream->userInputChannels;
+            /* Some or all KS devices can only handle the exact number of channels
+            * they specify. But PortAudio clients expect to be able to
+            * at least specify mono I/O on a multi-channel device
+            * If this is the case, then we will do the channel mapping internally
+            * The following loop tests this case
+            **/
+            while (1)
+            {
+                PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatExtensible((PaWinWaveFormat*)&wfx,
+                    channelsToProbe,
+                    hostInputSampleFormat,
+                    PaWin_SampleFormatToLinearWaveFormatTag(hostInputSampleFormat),
+                    sampleRate,
+                    channelMask );
+                stream->capture.bytesPerFrame = wfx.Format.nBlockAlign;
+                if (validBitsPerSample != 0)
+                {
+                    wfx.Samples.wValidBitsPerSample = validBitsPerSample;
+                }
+                stream->capture.pPin = FilterCreatePin(pFilter, pPin->pinId, (WAVEFORMATEX*)&wfx, &result);
+                stream->deviceInputChannels = channelsToProbe;
+
+                if( result != paNoError && result != paDeviceUnavailable )
+                {
+                    /* Try a WAVE_FORMAT_PCM instead */
+                    PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatEx((PaWinWaveFormat*)&wfx,
+                        channelsToProbe,
+                        hostInputSampleFormat,
+                        PaWin_SampleFormatToLinearWaveFormatTag(hostInputSampleFormat),
+                        sampleRate);
+                    if (validBitsPerSample != 0)
+                    {
+                        wfx.Samples.wValidBitsPerSample = validBitsPerSample;
+                    }
+                    stream->capture.pPin = FilterCreatePin(pFilter, pPin->pinId, (const WAVEFORMATEX*)&wfx, &result);
+                }
+
+                if (result == paDeviceUnavailable) goto occupied;
+
+                if (result == paNoError)
+                {
+                    /* We're done */
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                if (channelsToProbe < (unsigned)pPin->maxChannels)
+                {
+                    /* Go to next multiple of 2 */
+                    channelsToProbe = min((((channelsToProbe>>1)+1)<<1), (unsigned)pPin->maxChannels);
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                break;
+            }
+
+            if (result == paNoError)
+            {
+                /* We're done */
+                break;
+            }
+
+            /* Go to next format in line with lower resolution */
+            hostInputSampleFormat <<= 1;
+        }
+
+        if(stream->capture.pPin == NULL)
+        {
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "Failed to create capture pin: sr=%u,ch=%u,bits=%u,align=%u",
+                wfx.Format.nSamplesPerSec, wfx.Format.nChannels, wfx.Format.wBitsPerSample, wfx.Format.nBlockAlign);
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* Select correct mux input on MUX node of topology filter */
+        if (pDeviceInfo->muxPosition >= 0)
+        {
+            assert(pPin->parentFilter->topologyFilter != NULL);
+
+            result = FilterUse(pPin->parentFilter->topologyFilter);
+            if (result != paNoError)
+            {
+                PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "Failed to open topology filter");
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            result = WdmSetMuxNodeProperty(pPin->parentFilter->topologyFilter->handle,
+                pPin->inputs[pDeviceInfo->muxPosition]->muxNodeId,
+                pPin->inputs[pDeviceInfo->muxPosition]->muxPinId);
+
+            FilterRelease(pPin->parentFilter->topologyFilter);
+
+            if(result != paNoError)
+            {
+                PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "Failed to set topology mux node");
+                goto error;
+            }
+        }
+
+        stream->capture.bytesPerSample = stream->capture.bytesPerFrame / stream->deviceInputChannels;
+        stream->capture.pPin->frameSize /= stream->capture.bytesPerFrame;
+        PA_DEBUG(("Capture pin frames: %d\n",stream->capture.pPin->frameSize));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        hostInputSampleFormat = (PaSampleFormat)0; /* Avoid uninitialized variable warning */
+
+        stream->capture.pPin = NULL;
+        stream->capture.bytesPerFrame = 0;
+    }
+
+    /* Instantiate the output pin if necessary */
+    if(userOutputChannels > 0)
+    {
+        PaWinWdmFilter* pFilter;
+        PaWinWdmDeviceInfo* pDeviceInfo;
+        PaWinWdmPin* pPin;
+        PaWinWDMKSInfo* pInfo = (PaWinWDMKSInfo*)(outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo);
+        unsigned validBitsPerSample = 0;
+        PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask channelMask = PaWin_DefaultChannelMask( userOutputChannels );
+        if (pInfo && (pInfo->flags & paWinWDMKSUseGivenChannelMask))
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("Using channelMask 0x%08X instead of default 0x%08X\n",
+                pInfo->channelMask,
+                channelMask));
+            channelMask = pInfo->channelMask;
+        }
+
+        result = paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+        pDeviceInfo = (PaWinWdmDeviceInfo*)wdmHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep.deviceInfos[outputParameters->device];
+        pFilter = pDeviceInfo->filter;
+        pPin = pFilter->pins[pDeviceInfo->pin];
+
+        stream->userOutputChannels = userOutputChannels;
+
+        hostOutputSampleFormat = PaUtil_SelectClosestAvailableFormat( pPin->formats, outputSampleFormat );
+        if (hostOutputSampleFormat == paSampleFormatNotSupported)
+        {
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "PU_SCAF(%X,%X) failed (output)", pPin->formats, hostOutputSampleFormat);
+            goto error;
+        }
+        else if (pFilter->devInfo.streamingType == Type_kWaveRT && hostOutputSampleFormat == paInt24)
+        {
+            /* For WaveRT, we choose 32 bit format instead of paInt24, since we MIGHT need to align buffer on a
+            128 byte boundary (see PinGetBuffer) */
+            hostOutputSampleFormat = paInt32;
+            /* But we'll tell the driver that it's 24 bit in 32 bit container */
+            validBitsPerSample = 24;
+        }
+
+        while (hostOutputSampleFormat <= paUInt8)
+        {
+            unsigned channelsToProbe = stream->userOutputChannels;
+            /* Some or all KS devices can only handle the exact number of channels
+            * they specify. But PortAudio clients expect to be able to
+            * at least specify mono I/O on a multi-channel device
+            * If this is the case, then we will do the channel mapping internally
+            * The following loop tests this case
+            **/
+            while (1)
+            {
+                PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatExtensible((PaWinWaveFormat*)&wfx,
+                    channelsToProbe,
+                    hostOutputSampleFormat,
+                    PaWin_SampleFormatToLinearWaveFormatTag(hostOutputSampleFormat),
+                    sampleRate,
+                    channelMask );
+                stream->render.bytesPerFrame = wfx.Format.nBlockAlign;
+                if (validBitsPerSample != 0)
+                {
+                    wfx.Samples.wValidBitsPerSample = validBitsPerSample;
+                }
+                stream->render.pPin = FilterCreatePin(pFilter, pPin->pinId, (WAVEFORMATEX*)&wfx, &result);
+                stream->deviceOutputChannels = channelsToProbe;
+
+                if( result != paNoError && result != paDeviceUnavailable )
+                {
+                    PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatEx((PaWinWaveFormat*)&wfx,
+                        channelsToProbe,
+                        hostOutputSampleFormat,
+                        PaWin_SampleFormatToLinearWaveFormatTag(hostOutputSampleFormat),
+                        sampleRate);
+                    if (validBitsPerSample != 0)
+                    {
+                        wfx.Samples.wValidBitsPerSample = validBitsPerSample;
+                    }
+                    stream->render.pPin = FilterCreatePin(pFilter, pPin->pinId, (const WAVEFORMATEX*)&wfx, &result);
+                }
+
+                if (result == paDeviceUnavailable) goto occupied;
+
+                if (result == paNoError)
+                {
+                    /* We're done */
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                if (channelsToProbe < (unsigned)pPin->maxChannels)
+                {
+                    /* Go to next multiple of 2 */
+                    channelsToProbe = min((((channelsToProbe>>1)+1)<<1), (unsigned)pPin->maxChannels);
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                break;
+            };
+
+            if (result == paNoError)
+            {
+                /* We're done */
+                break;
+            }
+
+            /* Go to next format in line with lower resolution */
+            hostOutputSampleFormat <<= 1;
+        }
+
+        if(stream->render.pPin == NULL)
+        {
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "Failed to create render pin: sr=%u,ch=%u,bits=%u,align=%u",
+                wfx.Format.nSamplesPerSec, wfx.Format.nChannels, wfx.Format.wBitsPerSample, wfx.Format.nBlockAlign);
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        stream->render.bytesPerSample = stream->render.bytesPerFrame / stream->deviceOutputChannels;
+        stream->render.pPin->frameSize /= stream->render.bytesPerFrame;
+        PA_DEBUG(("Render pin frames: %d\n",stream->render.pPin->frameSize));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        hostOutputSampleFormat = (PaSampleFormat)0; /* Avoid uninitialized variable warning */
+
+        stream->render.pPin = NULL;
+        stream->render.bytesPerFrame = 0;
+    }
+
+    /* Calculate the framesPerHostXxxxBuffer size based upon the suggested latency values */
+    /* Record the buffer length */
+    if(inputParameters)
+    {
+        /* Calculate the frames from the user's value - add a bit to round up */
+        stream->capture.framesPerBuffer = (unsigned long)((inputParameters->suggestedLatency*sampleRate)+0.0001);
+        if(stream->capture.framesPerBuffer > (unsigned long)sampleRate)
+        { /* Upper limit is 1 second */
+            stream->capture.framesPerBuffer = (unsigned long)sampleRate;
+        }
+        else if(stream->capture.framesPerBuffer < stream->capture.pPin->frameSize)
+        {
+            stream->capture.framesPerBuffer = stream->capture.pPin->frameSize;
+        }
+        PA_DEBUG(("Input frames chosen:%ld\n",stream->capture.framesPerBuffer));
+
+        /* Setup number of packets to use */
+        stream->capture.noOfPackets = 2;
+
+        if (inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo)
+        {
+            PaWinWDMKSInfo* pInfo = (PaWinWDMKSInfo*)inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+
+            if (stream->capture.pPin->parentFilter->devInfo.streamingType == Type_kWaveCyclic &&
+                pInfo->noOfPackets != 0)
+            {
+                stream->capture.noOfPackets = pInfo->noOfPackets;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(outputParameters)
+    {
+        /* Calculate the frames from the user's value - add a bit to round up */
+        stream->render.framesPerBuffer = (unsigned long)((outputParameters->suggestedLatency*sampleRate)+0.0001);
+        if(stream->render.framesPerBuffer > (unsigned long)sampleRate)
+        { /* Upper limit is 1 second */
+            stream->render.framesPerBuffer = (unsigned long)sampleRate;
+        }
+        else if(stream->render.framesPerBuffer < stream->render.pPin->frameSize)
+        {
+            stream->render.framesPerBuffer = stream->render.pPin->frameSize;
+        }
+        PA_DEBUG(("Output frames chosen:%ld\n",stream->render.framesPerBuffer));
+
+        /* Setup number of packets to use */
+        stream->render.noOfPackets = 2;
+
+        if (outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo)
+        {
+            PaWinWDMKSInfo* pInfo = (PaWinWDMKSInfo*)outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+
+            if (stream->render.pPin->parentFilter->devInfo.streamingType == Type_kWaveCyclic &&
+                pInfo->noOfPackets != 0)
+            {
+                stream->render.noOfPackets = pInfo->noOfPackets;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Host buffer size is bound to the largest of the input and output frame sizes */
+    result =  PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor,
+        stream->userInputChannels, inputSampleFormat, hostInputSampleFormat,
+        stream->userOutputChannels, outputSampleFormat, hostOutputSampleFormat,
+        sampleRate, streamFlags, framesPerUserBuffer,
+        max(stream->capture.framesPerBuffer, stream->render.framesPerBuffer),
+        paUtilBoundedHostBufferSize,
+        streamCallback, userData );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+    {
+        PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor failed: ich=%u, isf=%u, hisf=%u, och=%u, osf=%u, hosf=%u, sr=%lf, flags=0x%X, fpub=%u, fphb=%u",
+            stream->userInputChannels, inputSampleFormat, hostInputSampleFormat,
+            stream->userOutputChannels, outputSampleFormat, hostOutputSampleFormat,
+            sampleRate, streamFlags, framesPerUserBuffer,
+            max(stream->capture.framesPerBuffer, stream->render.framesPerBuffer));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* Allocate/get all the buffers for host I/O */
+    if (stream->userInputChannels > 0)
+    {
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.inputLatency = stream->capture.framesPerBuffer / sampleRate;
+
+        switch (stream->capture.pPin->parentFilter->devInfo.streamingType)
+        {
+        case Type_kWaveCyclic:
+            {
+                unsigned size = stream->capture.noOfPackets * stream->capture.framesPerBuffer * stream->capture.bytesPerFrame;
+                /* Allocate input host buffer */
+                stream->capture.hostBuffer = (char*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(stream->allocGroup, size);
+                PA_DEBUG(("Input buffer allocated (size = %u)\n", size));
+                if( !stream->capture.hostBuffer )
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("Cannot allocate host input buffer!\n"));
+                    PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paInsufficientMemory, "Failed to allocate input buffer");
+                    result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                    goto error;
+                }
+                stream->capture.hostBufferSize = size;
+                PA_DEBUG(("Input buffer start = %p (size=%u)\n",stream->capture.hostBuffer, stream->capture.hostBufferSize));
+                stream->capture.pPin->fnEventHandler = PaPinCaptureEventHandler_WaveCyclic;
+                stream->capture.pPin->fnSubmitHandler = PaPinCaptureSubmitHandler_WaveCyclic;
+            }
+            break;
+        case Type_kWaveRT:
+            {
+                const DWORD dwTotalSize = 2 * stream->capture.framesPerBuffer * stream->capture.bytesPerFrame;
+                DWORD dwRequestedSize = dwTotalSize;
+                BOOL bCallMemoryBarrier = FALSE;
+                ULONG hwFifoLatency = 0;
+                ULONG dummy;
+                result = PinGetBuffer(stream->capture.pPin, (void**)&stream->capture.hostBuffer, &dwRequestedSize, &bCallMemoryBarrier);
+                if (!result)
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("Input buffer start = %p, size = %u\n", stream->capture.hostBuffer, dwRequestedSize));
+                    if (dwRequestedSize != dwTotalSize)
+                    {
+                        PA_DEBUG(("Buffer length changed by driver from %u to %u !\n", dwTotalSize, dwRequestedSize));
+                        /* Recalculate to what the driver has given us */
+                        stream->capture.framesPerBuffer = dwRequestedSize / (2 * stream->capture.bytesPerFrame);
+                    }
+                    stream->capture.hostBufferSize = dwRequestedSize;
+
+                    if (stream->capture.pPin->pinKsSubType == SubType_kPolled)
+                    {
+                        stream->capture.pPin->fnEventHandler = PaPinCaptureEventHandler_WaveRTPolled;
+                        stream->capture.pPin->fnSubmitHandler = PaPinCaptureSubmitHandler_WaveRTPolled;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        stream->capture.pPin->fnEventHandler = PaPinCaptureEventHandler_WaveRTEvent;
+                        stream->capture.pPin->fnSubmitHandler = PaPinCaptureSubmitHandler_WaveRTEvent;
+                    }
+
+                    stream->capture.pPin->fnMemBarrier = bCallMemoryBarrier ? MemoryBarrierRead : MemoryBarrierDummy;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("Failed to get input buffer (WaveRT)\n"));
+                    PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paUnanticipatedHostError, "Failed to get input buffer (WaveRT)");
+                    result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                    goto error;
+                }
+
+                /* Get latency */
+                result = PinGetHwLatency(stream->capture.pPin, &hwFifoLatency, &dummy, &dummy);
+                if (result == paNoError)
+                {
+                    stream->capture.pPin->hwLatency = hwFifoLatency;
+
+                    /* Add HW latency into total input latency */
+                    stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.inputLatency += ((hwFifoLatency / stream->capture.bytesPerFrame) / sampleRate);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("Failed to get size of FIFO hardware buffer (is set to zero)\n"));
+                    stream->capture.pPin->hwLatency = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            break;
+        default:
+            /* Undefined wave type!! */
+            assert(0);
+            result = paInternalError;
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "Wave type %u ??", stream->capture.pPin->parentFilter->devInfo.streamingType);
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        stream->capture.hostBuffer = 0;
+    }
+
+    if (stream->userOutputChannels > 0)
+    {
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency = stream->render.framesPerBuffer / sampleRate;
+
+        switch (stream->render.pPin->parentFilter->devInfo.streamingType)
+        {
+        case Type_kWaveCyclic:
+            {
+                unsigned size = stream->render.noOfPackets * stream->render.framesPerBuffer * stream->render.bytesPerFrame;
+                /* Allocate output device buffer */
+                stream->render.hostBuffer = (char*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(stream->allocGroup, size);
+                PA_DEBUG(("Output buffer allocated (size = %u)\n", size));
+                if( !stream->render.hostBuffer )
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("Cannot allocate host output buffer!\n"));
+                    PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paInsufficientMemory, "Failed to allocate output buffer");
+                    result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                    goto error;
+                }
+                stream->render.hostBufferSize = size;
+                PA_DEBUG(("Output buffer start = %p (size=%u)\n",stream->render.hostBuffer, stream->render.hostBufferSize));
+
+                stream->render.pPin->fnEventHandler = PaPinRenderEventHandler_WaveCyclic;
+                stream->render.pPin->fnSubmitHandler = PaPinRenderSubmitHandler_WaveCyclic;
+            }
+            break;
+        case Type_kWaveRT:
+            {
+                const DWORD dwTotalSize = 2 * stream->render.framesPerBuffer * stream->render.bytesPerFrame;
+                DWORD dwRequestedSize = dwTotalSize;
+                BOOL bCallMemoryBarrier = FALSE;
+                ULONG hwFifoLatency = 0;
+                ULONG dummy;
+                result = PinGetBuffer(stream->render.pPin, (void**)&stream->render.hostBuffer, &dwRequestedSize, &bCallMemoryBarrier);
+                if (!result)
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("Output buffer start = %p, size = %u, membarrier = %u\n", stream->render.hostBuffer, dwRequestedSize, bCallMemoryBarrier));
+                    if (dwRequestedSize != dwTotalSize)
+                    {
+                        PA_DEBUG(("Buffer length changed by driver from %u to %u !\n", dwTotalSize, dwRequestedSize));
+                        /* Recalculate to what the driver has given us */
+                        stream->render.framesPerBuffer = dwRequestedSize / (2 * stream->render.bytesPerFrame);
+                    }
+                    stream->render.hostBufferSize = dwRequestedSize;
+
+                    if (stream->render.pPin->pinKsSubType == SubType_kPolled)
+                    {
+                        stream->render.pPin->fnEventHandler = PaPinRenderEventHandler_WaveRTPolled;
+                        stream->render.pPin->fnSubmitHandler = PaPinRenderSubmitHandler_WaveRTPolled;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        stream->render.pPin->fnEventHandler = PaPinRenderEventHandler_WaveRTEvent;
+                        stream->render.pPin->fnSubmitHandler = PaPinRenderSubmitHandler_WaveRTEvent;
+                    }
+
+                    stream->render.pPin->fnMemBarrier = bCallMemoryBarrier ? MemoryBarrierWrite : MemoryBarrierDummy;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("Failed to get output buffer (with notification)\n"));
+                    PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paUnanticipatedHostError, "Failed to get output buffer (with notification)");
+                    result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                    goto error;
+                }
+
+                /* Get latency */
+                result = PinGetHwLatency(stream->render.pPin, &hwFifoLatency, &dummy, &dummy);
+                if (result == paNoError)
+                {
+                    stream->render.pPin->hwLatency = hwFifoLatency;
+
+                    /* Add HW latency into total output latency */
+                    stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency += ((hwFifoLatency / stream->render.bytesPerFrame) / sampleRate);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(("Failed to get size of FIFO hardware buffer (is set to zero)\n"));
+                    stream->render.pPin->hwLatency = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            break;
+        default:
+            /* Undefined wave type!! */
+            assert(0);
+            result = paInternalError;
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "Wave type %u ??", stream->capture.pPin->parentFilter->devInfo.streamingType);
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        stream->render.hostBuffer = 0;
+    }
+
+    stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate = sampleRate;
+
+    PA_DEBUG(("BytesPerInputFrame = %d\n",stream->capture.bytesPerFrame));
+    PA_DEBUG(("BytesPerOutputFrame = %d\n",stream->render.bytesPerFrame));
+
+    /* memset(stream->hostBuffer,0,size); */
+
+    /* Abort */
+    stream->eventAbort          = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
+    if (stream->eventAbort == 0)
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+    stream->eventStreamStart[0] = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
+    if (stream->eventStreamStart[0] == 0)
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+    stream->eventStreamStart[1] = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
+    if (stream->eventStreamStart[1] == 0)
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    if(stream->userInputChannels > 0)
+    {
+        const unsigned bufferSizeInBytes = stream->capture.framesPerBuffer * stream->capture.bytesPerFrame;
+        const unsigned ringBufferFrameSize = NextPowerOf2( 1024 + 2 * max(stream->capture.framesPerBuffer, stream->render.framesPerBuffer) );
+
+        stream->capture.events = (HANDLE*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(stream->allocGroup, stream->capture.noOfPackets * sizeof(HANDLE));
+        if (stream->capture.events == NULL)
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        stream->capture.packets = (DATAPACKET*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(stream->allocGroup, stream->capture.noOfPackets * sizeof(DATAPACKET));
+        if (stream->capture.packets == NULL)
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        switch(stream->capture.pPin->parentFilter->devInfo.streamingType)
+        {
+        case Type_kWaveCyclic:
+            {
+                /* WaveCyclic case */
+                unsigned i;
+                for (i = 0; i < stream->capture.noOfPackets; ++i)
+                {
+                    /* Set up the packets */
+                    DATAPACKET *p = stream->capture.packets + i;
+
+                    /* Record event */
+                    stream->capture.events[i] = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
+
+                    p->Signal.hEvent = stream->capture.events[i];
+                    p->Header.Data = stream->capture.hostBuffer + (i*bufferSizeInBytes);
+                    p->Header.FrameExtent = bufferSizeInBytes;
+                    p->Header.DataUsed = 0;
+                    p->Header.Size = sizeof(p->Header);
+                    p->Header.PresentationTime.Numerator = 1;
+                    p->Header.PresentationTime.Denominator = 1;
+                }
+            }
+            break;
+        case Type_kWaveRT:
+            {
+                /* Set up the "packets" */
+                DATAPACKET *p = stream->capture.packets + 0;
+
+                /* Record event: WaveRT has a single event for 2 notification per buffer */
+                stream->capture.events[0] = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
+
+                p->Header.Data = stream->capture.hostBuffer;
+                p->Header.FrameExtent = bufferSizeInBytes;
+                p->Header.DataUsed = 0;
+                p->Header.Size = sizeof(p->Header);
+                p->Header.PresentationTime.Numerator = 1;
+                p->Header.PresentationTime.Denominator = 1;
+
+                ++p;
+                p->Header.Data = stream->capture.hostBuffer + bufferSizeInBytes;
+                p->Header.FrameExtent = bufferSizeInBytes;
+                p->Header.DataUsed = 0;
+                p->Header.Size = sizeof(p->Header);
+                p->Header.PresentationTime.Numerator = 1;
+                p->Header.PresentationTime.Denominator = 1;
+
+                if (stream->capture.pPin->pinKsSubType == SubType_kNotification)
+                {
+                    result = PinRegisterNotificationHandle(stream->capture.pPin, stream->capture.events[0]);
+
+                    if (result != paNoError)
+                    {
+                        PA_DEBUG(("Failed to register capture notification handle\n"));
+                        PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paUnanticipatedHostError, "Failed to register capture notification handle");
+                        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                        goto error;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                result = PinRegisterPositionRegister(stream->capture.pPin);
+
+                if (result != paNoError)
+                {
+                    unsigned long pos = 0xdeadc0de;
+                    PA_DEBUG(("Failed to register capture position register, using PinGetAudioPositionViaIOCTLWrite\n"));
+                    stream->capture.pPin->fnAudioPosition = PinGetAudioPositionViaIOCTLWrite;
+                    /* Test position function */
+                    result = (stream->capture.pPin->fnAudioPosition)(stream->capture.pPin, &pos);
+                    if (result != paNoError || pos != 0x0)
+                    {
+                        PA_DEBUG(("Failed to read capture position register (IOCTL)\n"));
+                        PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paUnanticipatedHostError, "Failed to read capture position register (IOCTL)");
+                        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                        goto error;
+                    }
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    stream->capture.pPin->fnAudioPosition = PinGetAudioPositionMemoryMapped;
+                }
+            }
+            break;
+        default:
+            /* Undefined wave type!! */
+            assert(0);
+            result = paInternalError;
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "Wave type %u ??", stream->capture.pPin->parentFilter->devInfo.streamingType);
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* Setup the input ring buffer here */
+        stream->ringBufferData = (char*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(stream->allocGroup, ringBufferFrameSize * stream->capture.bytesPerFrame);
+        if (stream->ringBufferData == NULL)
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+        PaUtil_InitializeRingBuffer(&stream->ringBuffer, stream->capture.bytesPerFrame, ringBufferFrameSize, stream->ringBufferData);
+    }
+    if(stream->userOutputChannels > 0)
+    {
+        const unsigned bufferSizeInBytes = stream->render.framesPerBuffer * stream->render.bytesPerFrame;
+
+        stream->render.events = (HANDLE*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(stream->allocGroup, stream->render.noOfPackets * sizeof(HANDLE));
+        if (stream->render.events == NULL)
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        stream->render.packets = (DATAPACKET*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(stream->allocGroup, stream->render.noOfPackets * sizeof(DATAPACKET));
+        if (stream->render.packets == NULL)
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        switch(stream->render.pPin->parentFilter->devInfo.streamingType)
+        {
+        case Type_kWaveCyclic:
+            {
+                /* WaveCyclic case */
+                unsigned i;
+                for (i = 0; i < stream->render.noOfPackets; ++i)
+                {
+                    /* Set up the packets */
+                    DATAPACKET *p = stream->render.packets + i;
+
+                    /* Playback event */
+                    stream->render.events[i] = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
+
+                    /* In this case, we just use the packets as ptr to the device buffer */
+                    p->Signal.hEvent = stream->render.events[i];
+                    p->Header.Data = stream->render.hostBuffer + (i*bufferSizeInBytes);
+                    p->Header.FrameExtent = bufferSizeInBytes;
+                    p->Header.DataUsed = bufferSizeInBytes;
+                    p->Header.Size = sizeof(p->Header);
+                    p->Header.PresentationTime.Numerator = 1;
+                    p->Header.PresentationTime.Denominator = 1;
+                }
+            }
+            break;
+        case Type_kWaveRT:
+            {
+                /* WaveRT case */
+
+                /* Set up the "packets" */
+                DATAPACKET *p = stream->render.packets;
+
+                /* The only playback event */
+                stream->render.events[0] = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
+
+                /* In this case, we just use the packets as ptr to the device buffer */
+                p->Header.Data = stream->render.hostBuffer;
+                p->Header.FrameExtent = stream->render.framesPerBuffer*stream->render.bytesPerFrame;
+                p->Header.DataUsed = stream->render.framesPerBuffer*stream->render.bytesPerFrame;
+                p->Header.Size = sizeof(p->Header);
+                p->Header.PresentationTime.Numerator = 1;
+                p->Header.PresentationTime.Denominator = 1;
+
+                ++p;
+                p->Header.Data = stream->render.hostBuffer + stream->render.framesPerBuffer*stream->render.bytesPerFrame;
+                p->Header.FrameExtent = stream->render.framesPerBuffer*stream->render.bytesPerFrame;
+                p->Header.DataUsed = stream->render.framesPerBuffer*stream->render.bytesPerFrame;
+                p->Header.Size = sizeof(p->Header);
+                p->Header.PresentationTime.Numerator = 1;
+                p->Header.PresentationTime.Denominator = 1;
+
+                if (stream->render.pPin->pinKsSubType == SubType_kNotification)
+                {
+                    result = PinRegisterNotificationHandle(stream->render.pPin, stream->render.events[0]);
+
+                    if (result != paNoError)
+                    {
+                        PA_DEBUG(("Failed to register rendering notification handle\n"));
+                        PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paUnanticipatedHostError, "Failed to register rendering notification handle");
+                        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                        goto error;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                result = PinRegisterPositionRegister(stream->render.pPin);
+
+                if (result != paNoError)
+                {
+                    unsigned long pos = 0xdeadc0de;
+                    PA_DEBUG(("Failed to register rendering position register, using PinGetAudioPositionViaIOCTLRead\n"));
+                    stream->render.pPin->fnAudioPosition = PinGetAudioPositionViaIOCTLRead;
+                    /* Test position function */
+                    result = (stream->render.pPin->fnAudioPosition)(stream->render.pPin, &pos);
+                    if (result != paNoError || pos != 0x0)
+                    {
+                        PA_DEBUG(("Failed to read render position register (IOCTL)\n"));
+                        PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(paUnanticipatedHostError, "Failed to read render position register (IOCTL)");
+                        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                        goto error;
+                    }
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    stream->render.pPin->fnAudioPosition = PinGetAudioPositionMemoryMapped;
+                }
+            }
+            break;
+        default:
+            /* Undefined wave type!! */
+            assert(0);
+            result = paInternalError;
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "Wave type %u ??", stream->capture.pPin->parentFilter->devInfo.streamingType);
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    stream->streamStarted = 0;
+    stream->streamActive = 0;
+    stream->streamStop = 0;
+    stream->streamAbort = 0;
+    stream->streamFlags = streamFlags;
+    stream->oldProcessPriority = REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS;
+
+    /* Increase ref count on filters in use, so that a CommitDeviceInfos won't delete them */
+    if (stream->capture.pPin != 0)
+    {
+        FilterAddRef(stream->capture.pPin->parentFilter);
+    }
+    if (stream->render.pPin != 0)
+    {
+        FilterAddRef(stream->render.pPin->parentFilter);
+    }
+
+    /* Ok, now update our host API specific stream info */
+    if (stream->userInputChannels)
+    {
+        PaWinWdmDeviceInfo *pDeviceInfo = (PaWinWdmDeviceInfo*)wdmHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep.deviceInfos[inputParameters->device];
+
+        stream->hostApiStreamInfo.input.device = Pa_HostApiDeviceIndexToDeviceIndex(Pa_HostApiTypeIdToHostApiIndex(paWDMKS), inputParameters->device);
+        stream->hostApiStreamInfo.input.channels = stream->deviceInputChannels;
+        stream->hostApiStreamInfo.input.muxNodeId = -1;
+        if (stream->capture.pPin->inputs)
+        {
+            stream->hostApiStreamInfo.input.muxNodeId = stream->capture.pPin->inputs[pDeviceInfo->muxPosition]->muxNodeId;
+        }
+        stream->hostApiStreamInfo.input.endpointPinId = pDeviceInfo->endpointPinId;
+        stream->hostApiStreamInfo.input.framesPerHostBuffer = stream->capture.framesPerBuffer;
+        stream->hostApiStreamInfo.input.streamingSubType = stream->capture.pPin->pinKsSubType;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        stream->hostApiStreamInfo.input.device = paNoDevice;
+    }
+    if (stream->userOutputChannels)
+    {
+        stream->hostApiStreamInfo.output.device = Pa_HostApiDeviceIndexToDeviceIndex(Pa_HostApiTypeIdToHostApiIndex(paWDMKS), outputParameters->device);
+        stream->hostApiStreamInfo.output.channels = stream->deviceOutputChannels;
+        stream->hostApiStreamInfo.output.framesPerHostBuffer = stream->render.framesPerBuffer;
+        stream->hostApiStreamInfo.output.endpointPinId = stream->render.pPin->endpointPinId;
+        stream->hostApiStreamInfo.output.streamingSubType = stream->render.pPin->pinKsSubType;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        stream->hostApiStreamInfo.output.device = paNoDevice;
+    }
+    /*stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.hostApiTypeId = paWDMKS;
+    stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.hostApiSpecificStreamInfo = &stream->hostApiStreamInfo;*/
+    stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.structVersion = 2;
+
+    *s = (PaStream*)stream;
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return result;
+
+occupied:
+    /* Ok, someone else is hogging the pin, bail out */
+    assert (result == paDeviceUnavailable);
+    PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "Device is occupied");
+
+error:
+    PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+
+    CloseStreamEvents(stream);
+
+    if (stream->allocGroup)
+    {
+        PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations(stream->allocGroup);
+        PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup(stream->allocGroup);
+        stream->allocGroup = 0;
+    }
+
+    if(stream->render.pPin)
+        PinClose(stream->render.pPin);
+    if(stream->capture.pPin)
+        PinClose(stream->capture.pPin);
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream );
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return result;
+}
+
+/*
+When CloseStream() is called, the multi-api layer ensures that
+the stream has already been stopped or aborted.
+*/
+static PaError CloseStream( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaWinWdmStream *stream = (PaWinWdmStream*)s;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    assert(!stream->streamStarted);
+    assert(!stream->streamActive);
+
+    PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+    PaUtil_TerminateStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation );
+
+    CloseStreamEvents(stream);
+
+    if (stream->allocGroup)
+    {
+        PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations(stream->allocGroup);
+        PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup(stream->allocGroup);
+        stream->allocGroup = 0;
+    }
+
+    if(stream->render.pPin)
+    {
+        PinClose(stream->render.pPin);
+    }
+    if(stream->capture.pPin)
+    {
+        PinClose(stream->capture.pPin);
+    }
+
+    if (stream->render.pPin)
+    {
+        FilterFree(stream->render.pPin->parentFilter);
+    }
+    if (stream->capture.pPin)
+    {
+        FilterFree(stream->capture.pPin->parentFilter);
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream );
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return result;
+}
+
+/*
+Write the supplied packet to the pin
+Asynchronous
+Should return paNoError on success
+*/
+static PaError PinWrite(HANDLE h, DATAPACKET* p)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    unsigned long cbReturned = 0;
+    BOOL fRes = DeviceIoControl(h,
+        IOCTL_KS_WRITE_STREAM,
+        NULL,
+        0,
+        &p->Header,
+        p->Header.Size,
+        &cbReturned,
+        &p->Signal);
+    if (!fRes)
+    {
+        unsigned long error = GetLastError();
+        if (error != ERROR_IO_PENDING)
+        {
+            result = paInternalError;
+        }
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+/*
+Read to the supplied packet from the pin
+Asynchronous
+Should return paNoError on success
+*/
+static PaError PinRead(HANDLE h, DATAPACKET* p)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    unsigned long cbReturned = 0;
+    BOOL fRes = DeviceIoControl(h,
+        IOCTL_KS_READ_STREAM,
+        NULL,
+        0,
+        &p->Header,
+        p->Header.Size,
+        &cbReturned,
+        &p->Signal);
+    if (!fRes)
+    {
+        unsigned long error = GetLastError();
+        if (error != ERROR_IO_PENDING)
+        {
+            result = paInternalError;
+        }
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+/*
+Copy the first interleaved channel of 16 bit data to the other channels
+*/
+static void DuplicateFirstChannelInt16(void* buffer, int channels, int samples)
+{
+    unsigned short* data = (unsigned short*)buffer;
+    int channel;
+    unsigned short sourceSample;
+    while( samples-- )
+    {
+        sourceSample = *data++;
+        channel = channels-1;
+        while( channel-- )
+        {
+            *data++ = sourceSample;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+Copy the first interleaved channel of 24 bit data to the other channels
+*/
+static void DuplicateFirstChannelInt24(void* buffer, int channels, int samples)
+{
+    unsigned char* data = (unsigned char*)buffer;
+    int channel;
+    unsigned char sourceSample[3];
+    while( samples-- )
+    {
+        sourceSample[0] = data[0];
+        sourceSample[1] = data[1];
+        sourceSample[2] = data[2];
+        data += 3;
+        channel = channels-1;
+        while( channel-- )
+        {
+            data[0] = sourceSample[0];
+            data[1] = sourceSample[1];
+            data[2] = sourceSample[2];
+            data += 3;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+Copy the first interleaved channel of 32 bit data to the other channels
+*/
+static void DuplicateFirstChannelInt32(void* buffer, int channels, int samples)
+{
+    unsigned long* data = (unsigned long*)buffer;
+    int channel;
+    unsigned long sourceSample;
+    while( samples-- )
+    {
+        sourceSample = *data++;
+        channel = channels-1;
+        while( channel-- )
+        {
+            *data++ = sourceSample;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+Increase the priority of the calling thread to RT
+*/
+static HANDLE BumpThreadPriority()
+{
+    HANDLE hThread = GetCurrentThread();
+    DWORD dwTask = 0;
+    HANDLE hAVRT = NULL;
+
+    /* If we have access to AVRT.DLL (Vista and later), use it */
+    if (paWinWDMKSAvRtEntryPoints.AvSetMmThreadCharacteristics != NULL)
+    {
+        hAVRT = paWinWDMKSAvRtEntryPoints.AvSetMmThreadCharacteristics("Pro Audio", &dwTask);
+        if (hAVRT != NULL && hAVRT != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
+        {
+            BOOL bret = paWinWDMKSAvRtEntryPoints.AvSetMmThreadPriority(hAVRT, PA_AVRT_PRIORITY_CRITICAL);
+            if (!bret)
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("Set mm thread prio to critical failed!\n"));
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                return hAVRT;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("Set mm thread characteristic to 'Pro Audio' failed, reverting to SetThreadPriority\n"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* For XP and earlier, or if AvSetMmThreadCharacteristics fails (MMCSS disabled ?) */
+    if (timeBeginPeriod(1) != TIMERR_NOERROR) {
+        PA_DEBUG(("timeBeginPeriod(1) failed!\n"));
+    }
+
+    if (!SetThreadPriority(hThread, THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL)) {
+        PA_DEBUG(("SetThreadPriority failed!\n"));
+    }
+
+    return hAVRT;
+}
+
+/*
+Decrease the priority of the calling thread to normal
+*/
+static void DropThreadPriority(HANDLE hAVRT)
+{
+    HANDLE hThread = GetCurrentThread();
+
+    if (hAVRT != NULL)
+    {
+        paWinWDMKSAvRtEntryPoints.AvSetMmThreadPriority(hAVRT, PA_AVRT_PRIORITY_NORMAL);
+        paWinWDMKSAvRtEntryPoints.AvRevertMmThreadCharacteristics(hAVRT);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    SetThreadPriority(hThread, THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL);
+    timeEndPeriod(1);
+}
+
+static PaError PreparePinForStart(PaWinWdmPin* pin)
+{
+    PaError result;
+    result = PinSetState(pin, KSSTATE_ACQUIRE);
+    if (result != paNoError)
+    {
+        goto error;
+    }
+    result = PinSetState(pin, KSSTATE_PAUSE);
+    if (result != paNoError)
+    {
+        goto error;
+    }
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    PinSetState(pin, KSSTATE_STOP);
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError PreparePinsForStart(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    /* Submit buffers */
+    if (pInfo->stream->capture.pPin)
+    {
+        if ((result = PreparePinForStart(pInfo->stream->capture.pPin)) != paNoError)
+        {
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        if (pInfo->stream->capture.pPin->parentFilter->devInfo.streamingType == Type_kWaveCyclic)
+        {
+            unsigned i;
+            for(i=0; i < pInfo->stream->capture.noOfPackets; ++i)
+            {
+                if ((result = PinRead(pInfo->stream->capture.pPin->handle, pInfo->stream->capture.packets + i)) != paNoError)
+                {
+                    goto error;
+                }
+                ++pInfo->pending;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            pInfo->pending = 2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(pInfo->stream->render.pPin)
+    {
+        if ((result = PreparePinForStart(pInfo->stream->render.pPin)) != paNoError)
+        {
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        pInfo->priming += pInfo->stream->render.noOfPackets;
+        ++pInfo->pending;
+        SetEvent(pInfo->stream->render.events[0]);
+        if (pInfo->stream->render.pPin->parentFilter->devInfo.streamingType == Type_kWaveCyclic)
+        {
+            unsigned i;
+            for(i=1; i < pInfo->stream->render.noOfPackets; ++i)
+            {
+                SetEvent(pInfo->stream->render.events[i]);
+                ++pInfo->pending;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+error:
+    PA_DEBUG(("PreparePinsForStart = %d\n", result));
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError StartPin(PaWinWdmPin* pin)
+{
+    return PinSetState(pin, KSSTATE_RUN);
+}
+
+static PaError StartPins(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    /* Start the pins as synced as possible */
+    if (pInfo->stream->capture.pPin)
+    {
+        result = StartPin(pInfo->stream->capture.pPin);
+    }
+    if(pInfo->stream->render.pPin)
+    {
+        result = StartPin(pInfo->stream->render.pPin);
+    }
+    PA_DEBUG(("StartPins = %d\n", result));
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError StopPin(PaWinWdmPin* pin)
+{
+    PinSetState(pin, KSSTATE_PAUSE);
+    PinSetState(pin, KSSTATE_STOP);
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+
+static PaError StopPins(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    if(pInfo->stream->render.pPin)
+    {
+        StopPin(pInfo->stream->render.pPin);
+    }
+    if(pInfo->stream->capture.pPin)
+    {
+        StopPin(pInfo->stream->capture.pPin);
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+typedef void (*TSetInputFrameCount)(PaUtilBufferProcessor*, unsigned long);
+typedef void (*TSetInputChannel)(PaUtilBufferProcessor*, unsigned int, void *, unsigned int);
+static const TSetInputFrameCount fnSetInputFrameCount[2] = { PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount, PaUtil_Set2ndInputFrameCount };
+static const TSetInputChannel fnSetInputChannel[2] = { PaUtil_SetInputChannel, PaUtil_Set2ndInputChannel };
+
+static PaError PaDoProcessing(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    int i, framesProcessed = 0, doChannelCopy = 0;
+    ring_buffer_size_t inputFramesAvailable = PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable(&pInfo->stream->ringBuffer);
+
+    /* Do necessary buffer processing (which will invoke user callback if necessary) */
+    if (pInfo->cbResult == paContinue &&
+        (pInfo->renderHead != pInfo->renderTail || inputFramesAvailable))
+    {
+        unsigned processFullDuplex = pInfo->stream->capture.pPin && pInfo->stream->render.pPin && (!pInfo->priming);
+
+        PA_HP_TRACE((pInfo->stream->hLog, "DoProcessing: InputFrames=%u", inputFramesAvailable));
+
+        PaUtil_BeginCpuLoadMeasurement( &pInfo->stream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+
+        pInfo->ti.currentTime = PaUtil_GetTime();
+
+        PaUtil_BeginBufferProcessing(&pInfo->stream->bufferProcessor, &pInfo->ti, pInfo->underover);
+        pInfo->underover = 0; /* Reset the (under|over)flow status */
+
+        if (pInfo->renderTail != pInfo->renderHead)
+        {
+            DATAPACKET* packet = pInfo->renderPackets[pInfo->renderTail & cPacketsArrayMask].packet;
+
+            assert(packet != 0);
+            assert(packet->Header.Data != 0);
+
+            PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount(&pInfo->stream->bufferProcessor, pInfo->stream->render.framesPerBuffer);
+
+            for(i=0;i<pInfo->stream->userOutputChannels;i++)
+            {
+                /* Only write the user output channels. Leave the rest blank */
+                PaUtil_SetOutputChannel(&pInfo->stream->bufferProcessor,
+                    i,
+                    ((unsigned char*)(packet->Header.Data))+(i*pInfo->stream->render.bytesPerSample),
+                    pInfo->stream->deviceOutputChannels);
+            }
+
+            /* We will do a copy to the other channels after the data has been written */
+            doChannelCopy = ( pInfo->stream->userOutputChannels == 1 );
+        }
+
+        if (inputFramesAvailable && (!pInfo->stream->userOutputChannels || inputFramesAvailable >= (int)pInfo->stream->render.framesPerBuffer))
+        {
+            unsigned wrapCntr = 0;
+            void* data[2] = {0};
+            ring_buffer_size_t size[2] = {0};
+
+            /* If full-duplex, we just extract output buffer number of frames */
+            if (pInfo->stream->userOutputChannels)
+            {
+                inputFramesAvailable = min(inputFramesAvailable, (int)pInfo->stream->render.framesPerBuffer);
+            }
+
+            inputFramesAvailable = PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadRegions(&pInfo->stream->ringBuffer,
+                inputFramesAvailable,
+                &data[0],
+                &size[0],
+                &data[1],
+                &size[1]);
+
+            for (wrapCntr = 0; wrapCntr < 2; ++wrapCntr)
+            {
+                if (size[wrapCntr] == 0)
+                    break;
+
+                fnSetInputFrameCount[wrapCntr](&pInfo->stream->bufferProcessor, size[wrapCntr]);
+                for(i=0;i<pInfo->stream->userInputChannels;i++)
+                {
+                    /* Only read as many channels as the user wants */
+                    fnSetInputChannel[wrapCntr](&pInfo->stream->bufferProcessor,
+                        i,
+                        ((unsigned char*)(data[wrapCntr]))+(i*pInfo->stream->capture.bytesPerSample),
+                        pInfo->stream->deviceInputChannels);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            /* We haven't consumed anything from the ring buffer... */
+            inputFramesAvailable = 0;
+            /* If we have full-duplex, this is at startup, so mark no-input! */
+            if (pInfo->stream->userOutputChannels>0 && pInfo->stream->userInputChannels>0)
+            {
+                PA_HP_TRACE((pInfo->stream->hLog, "Input startup, marking no input."));
+                PaUtil_SetNoInput(&pInfo->stream->bufferProcessor);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (processFullDuplex) /* full duplex */
+        {
+            /* Only call the EndBufferProcessing function when the total input frames == total output frames */
+            const unsigned long totalInputFrameCount = pInfo->stream->bufferProcessor.hostInputFrameCount[0] + pInfo->stream->bufferProcessor.hostInputFrameCount[1];
+            const unsigned long totalOutputFrameCount = pInfo->stream->bufferProcessor.hostOutputFrameCount[0] + pInfo->stream->bufferProcessor.hostOutputFrameCount[1];
+
+            if(totalInputFrameCount == totalOutputFrameCount && totalOutputFrameCount != 0)
+            {
+                framesProcessed = PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing(&pInfo->stream->bufferProcessor, &pInfo->cbResult);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                framesProcessed = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            framesProcessed = PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing(&pInfo->stream->bufferProcessor, &pInfo->cbResult);
+        }
+
+        PA_HP_TRACE((pInfo->stream->hLog, "Frames processed: %u %s", framesProcessed, (pInfo->priming ? "(priming)":"")));
+
+        if( doChannelCopy )
+        {
+            DATAPACKET* packet = pInfo->renderPackets[pInfo->renderTail & cPacketsArrayMask].packet;
+            /* Copy the first output channel to the other channels */
+            switch (pInfo->stream->render.bytesPerSample)
+            {
+            case 2:
+                DuplicateFirstChannelInt16(packet->Header.Data, pInfo->stream->deviceOutputChannels, pInfo->stream->render.framesPerBuffer);
+                break;
+            case 3:
+                DuplicateFirstChannelInt24(packet->Header.Data, pInfo->stream->deviceOutputChannels, pInfo->stream->render.framesPerBuffer);
+                break;
+            case 4:
+                DuplicateFirstChannelInt32(packet->Header.Data, pInfo->stream->deviceOutputChannels, pInfo->stream->render.framesPerBuffer);
+                break;
+            default:
+                assert(0); /* Unsupported format! */
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        PaUtil_EndCpuLoadMeasurement( &pInfo->stream->cpuLoadMeasurer, framesProcessed );
+
+        if (inputFramesAvailable)
+        {
+            PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferReadIndex(&pInfo->stream->ringBuffer, inputFramesAvailable);
+        }
+
+        if (pInfo->renderTail != pInfo->renderHead)
+        {
+            if (!pInfo->stream->streamStop)
+            {
+                result = pInfo->stream->render.pPin->fnSubmitHandler(pInfo, pInfo->renderTail);
+                if (result != paNoError)
+                {
+                    PA_HP_TRACE((pInfo->stream->hLog, "Capture submit handler failed with result %d", result));
+                    return result;
+                }
+            }
+            pInfo->renderTail++;
+            if (!pInfo->pinsStarted && pInfo->priming == 0)
+            {
+                /* We start the pins here to allow "prime time" */
+                if ((result = StartPins(pInfo)) == paNoError)
+                {
+                    PA_HP_TRACE((pInfo->stream->hLog, "Starting pins!"));
+                    pInfo->pinsStarted = 1;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static VOID CALLBACK TimerAPCWaveRTPolledMode(
+    LPVOID lpArgToCompletionRoutine,
+    DWORD dwTimerLowValue,
+    DWORD dwTimerHighValue)
+{
+    HANDLE* pHandles = (HANDLE*)lpArgToCompletionRoutine;
+    if (pHandles[0]) SetEvent(pHandles[0]);
+    if (pHandles[1]) SetEvent(pHandles[1]);
+}
+
+static DWORD GetCurrentTimeInMillisecs()
+{
+    return timeGetTime();
+}
+
+PA_THREAD_FUNC ProcessingThread(void* pParam)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    HANDLE hAVRT = NULL;
+    HANDLE hTimer = NULL;
+    HANDLE *handleArray = NULL;
+    HANDLE timerEventHandles[2] = {0};
+    unsigned noOfHandles = 0;
+    unsigned captureEvents = 0;
+    unsigned renderEvents = 0;
+    unsigned timerPeriod = 0;
+    DWORD timeStamp[2] = {0};
+
+    PaProcessThreadInfo info;
+    memset(&info, 0, sizeof(PaProcessThreadInfo));
+    info.stream = (PaWinWdmStream*)pParam;
+
+    info.stream->threadResult = paNoError;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    info.ti.inputBufferAdcTime = 0.0;
+    info.ti.currentTime = 0.0;
+    info.ti.outputBufferDacTime = 0.0;
+
+    PA_DEBUG(("In  buffer len: %.3f ms\n",(2000*info.stream->capture.framesPerBuffer) / info.stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate));
+    PA_DEBUG(("Out buffer len: %.3f ms\n",(2000*info.stream->render.framesPerBuffer) / info.stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate));
+    info.timeout = (DWORD)max(
+        (2000*info.stream->render.framesPerBuffer/info.stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate + 0.5),
+        (2000*info.stream->capture.framesPerBuffer/info.stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate + 0.5));
+    info.timeout = max(info.timeout*8, 100);
+    timerPeriod = info.timeout;
+    PA_DEBUG(("Timeout = %ld ms\n",info.timeout));
+
+    /* Allocate handle array */
+    handleArray = (HANDLE*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory((info.stream->capture.noOfPackets + info.stream->render.noOfPackets + 1) * sizeof(HANDLE));
+
+    /* Setup handle array for WFMO */
+    if (info.stream->capture.pPin != 0)
+    {
+        handleArray[noOfHandles++] = info.stream->capture.events[0];
+        if (info.stream->capture.pPin->parentFilter->devInfo.streamingType == Type_kWaveCyclic)
+        {
+            unsigned i;
+            for(i=1; i < info.stream->capture.noOfPackets; ++i)
+            {
+                handleArray[noOfHandles++] = info.stream->capture.events[i];
+            }
+        }
+        captureEvents = noOfHandles;
+        renderEvents = noOfHandles;
+    }
+
+    if (info.stream->render.pPin != 0)
+    {
+        handleArray[noOfHandles++] = info.stream->render.events[0];
+        if (info.stream->render.pPin->parentFilter->devInfo.streamingType == Type_kWaveCyclic)
+        {
+            unsigned i;
+            for(i=1; i < info.stream->render.noOfPackets; ++i)
+            {
+                handleArray[noOfHandles++] = info.stream->render.events[i];
+            }
+        }
+        renderEvents = noOfHandles;
+    }
+    handleArray[noOfHandles++] = info.stream->eventAbort;
+    assert(noOfHandles <= (info.stream->capture.noOfPackets + info.stream->render.noOfPackets + 1));
+
+    /* Prepare render and capture pins */
+    if ((result = PreparePinsForStart(&info)) != paNoError)
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("Failed to prepare device(s)!\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* Init high speed logger */
+    if (PaUtil_InitializeHighSpeedLog(&info.stream->hLog, 1000000) != paNoError)
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("Failed to init high speed logger!\n"));
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* Heighten priority here */
+    hAVRT = BumpThreadPriority();
+
+    /* If input only, we start the pins immediately */
+    if (info.stream->render.pPin == 0)
+    {
+        if ((result = StartPins(&info)) != paNoError)
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("Failed to start device(s)!\n"));
+            goto error;
+        }
+        info.pinsStarted = 1;
+    }
+
+    /* Handle WaveRT polled mode */
+    {
+        const unsigned fs = (unsigned)info.stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate;
+        if (info.stream->capture.pPin != 0 && info.stream->capture.pPin->pinKsSubType == SubType_kPolled)
+        {
+            timerEventHandles[0] = info.stream->capture.events[0];
+            timerPeriod = min(timerPeriod, (1000*info.stream->capture.framesPerBuffer)/fs);
+        }
+
+        if (info.stream->render.pPin != 0 && info.stream->render.pPin->pinKsSubType == SubType_kPolled)
+        {
+            timerEventHandles[1] = info.stream->render.events[0];
+            timerPeriod = min(timerPeriod, (1000*info.stream->render.framesPerBuffer)/fs);
+        }
+
+        if (timerEventHandles[0] || timerEventHandles[1])
+        {
+            LARGE_INTEGER dueTime = {0};
+
+            timerPeriod=max(timerPeriod/5,1);
+            PA_DEBUG(("Timer event handles=0x%04X,0x%04X period=%u ms", timerEventHandles[0], timerEventHandles[1], timerPeriod));
+            hTimer = CreateWaitableTimer(0, FALSE, NULL);
+            if (hTimer == NULL)
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                goto error;
+            }
+            /* invoke first timeout immediately */
+            if (!SetWaitableTimer(hTimer, &dueTime, timerPeriod, TimerAPCWaveRTPolledMode, timerEventHandles, FALSE))
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                goto error;
+            }
+            PA_DEBUG(("Waitable timer started, period = %u ms\n", timerPeriod));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Mark stream as active */
+    info.stream->streamActive = 1;
+    info.stream->threadResult = paNoError;
+
+    /* Up and running... */
+    SetEvent(info.stream->eventStreamStart[StreamStart_kOk]);
+
+    /* Take timestamp here */
+    timeStamp[0] = timeStamp[1] = GetCurrentTimeInMillisecs();
+
+    while(!info.stream->streamAbort)
+    {
+        unsigned doProcessing = 1;
+        unsigned wait = WaitForMultipleObjects(noOfHandles, handleArray, FALSE, 0);
+        unsigned eventSignalled = wait - WAIT_OBJECT_0;
+        DWORD dwCurrentTime = 0;
+
+        if (wait == WAIT_FAILED)
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("Wait failed = %ld! \n",wait));
+            break;
+        }
+        if (wait == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
+        {
+            wait = WaitForMultipleObjectsEx(noOfHandles, handleArray, FALSE, 50, TRUE);
+            eventSignalled = wait - WAIT_OBJECT_0;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if (eventSignalled < captureEvents)
+            {
+                if (PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteAvailable(&info.stream->ringBuffer) == 0)
+                {
+                    PA_HP_TRACE((info.stream->hLog, "!!!!! Input overflow !!!!!"));
+                    info.underover |= paInputOverflow;
+                }
+            }
+            else if (eventSignalled < renderEvents)
+            {
+                if (!info.priming && info.renderHead - info.renderTail > 1)
+                {
+                    PA_HP_TRACE((info.stream->hLog, "!!!!! Output underflow !!!!!"));
+                    info.underover |= paOutputUnderflow;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* Get event time */
+        dwCurrentTime = GetCurrentTimeInMillisecs();
+
+        /* Since we can mix capture/render devices between WaveCyclic, WaveRT polled and WaveRT notification (3x3 combinations),
+        we can't rely on the timeout of WFMO to check for device timeouts, we need to keep tally. */
+        if (info.stream->capture.pPin && (dwCurrentTime - timeStamp[0]) >= info.timeout)
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("Timeout for capture device (%u ms)!", info.timeout, (dwCurrentTime - timeStamp[0])));
+            result = paTimedOut;
+            break;
+        }
+        if (info.stream->render.pPin && (dwCurrentTime - timeStamp[1]) >= info.timeout)
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("Timeout for render device (%u ms)!", info.timeout, (dwCurrentTime - timeStamp[1])));
+            result = paTimedOut;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if (wait == WAIT_IO_COMPLETION)
+        {
+            /* Waitable timer has fired! */
+            PA_HP_TRACE((info.stream->hLog, "WAIT_IO_COMPLETION"));
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (wait == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
+        {
+            continue;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if (eventSignalled < captureEvents)
+            {
+                if (info.stream->capture.pPin->fnEventHandler(&info, eventSignalled) == paNoError)
+                {
+                    timeStamp[0] = dwCurrentTime;
+
+                    /* Since we use the ring buffer, we can submit the buffers directly */
+                    if (!info.stream->streamStop)
+                    {
+                        result = info.stream->capture.pPin->fnSubmitHandler(&info, info.captureTail);
+                        if (result != paNoError)
+                        {
+                            PA_HP_TRACE((info.stream->hLog, "Capture submit handler failed with result %d", result));
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    ++info.captureTail;
+                    /* If full-duplex, let _only_ render event trigger processing. We still need the stream stop
+                    handling working, so let that be processed anyways... */
+                    if (info.stream->userOutputChannels > 0)
+                    {
+                        doProcessing = 0;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else if (eventSignalled < renderEvents)
+            {
+                timeStamp[1] = dwCurrentTime;
+                eventSignalled -= captureEvents;
+                info.stream->render.pPin->fnEventHandler(&info, eventSignalled);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                assert(info.stream->streamAbort);
+                PA_HP_TRACE((info.stream->hLog, "Stream abort!"));
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* Handle processing */
+        if (doProcessing)
+        {
+            result = PaDoProcessing(&info);
+            if (result != paNoError)
+            {
+                PA_HP_TRACE((info.stream->hLog, "PaDoProcessing failed!"));
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if(info.stream->streamStop && info.cbResult != paComplete)
+        {
+            PA_HP_TRACE((info.stream->hLog, "Stream stop! pending=%d",info.pending));
+            info.cbResult = paComplete; /* Stop, but play remaining buffers */
+        }
+
+        if(info.pending<=0)
+        {
+            PA_HP_TRACE((info.stream->hLog, "pending==0 finished..."));
+            break;
+        }
+        if((!info.stream->render.pPin)&&(info.cbResult!=paContinue))
+        {
+            PA_HP_TRACE((info.stream->hLog, "record only cbResult=%d...",info.cbResult));
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    PA_DEBUG(("Finished processing loop\n"));
+
+    info.stream->threadResult = result;
+    goto bailout;
+
+error:
+    PA_DEBUG(("Error starting processing thread\n"));
+    /* Set the "error" event together with result */
+    info.stream->threadResult = result;
+    SetEvent(info.stream->eventStreamStart[StreamStart_kFailed]);
+
+bailout:
+    if (hTimer)
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("Waitable timer stopped\n", timerPeriod));
+        CancelWaitableTimer(hTimer);
+        CloseHandle(hTimer);
+        hTimer = 0;
+    }
+
+    if (info.pinsStarted)
+    {
+        StopPins(&info);
+    }
+
+    /* Lower prio here */
+    DropThreadPriority(hAVRT);
+
+    if (handleArray != NULL)
+    {
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory(handleArray);
+    }
+
+#if PA_TRACE_REALTIME_EVENTS
+    if (info.stream->hLog)
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("Dumping highspeed trace...\n"));
+        PaUtil_DumpHighSpeedLog(info.stream->hLog, "hp_trace.log");
+        PaUtil_DiscardHighSpeedLog(info.stream->hLog);
+        info.stream->hLog = 0;
+    }
+#endif
+    info.stream->streamActive = 0;
+
+    if((!info.stream->streamStop)&&(!info.stream->streamAbort))
+    {
+        /* Invoke the user stream finished callback */
+        /* Only do it from here if not being stopped/aborted by user */
+        if( info.stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback != 0 )
+            info.stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback( info.stream->streamRepresentation.userData );
+    }
+    info.stream->streamStop = 0;
+    info.stream->streamAbort = 0;
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+static PaError StartStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaWinWdmStream *stream = (PaWinWdmStream*)s;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    if (stream->streamThread != NULL)
+    {
+        return paStreamIsNotStopped;
+    }
+
+    stream->streamStop = 0;
+    stream->streamAbort = 0;
+
+    ResetStreamEvents(stream);
+
+    PaUtil_ResetBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+
+    stream->oldProcessPriority = GetPriorityClass(GetCurrentProcess());
+    /* Uncomment the following line to enable dynamic boosting of the process
+    * priority to real time for best low latency support
+    * Disabled by default because RT processes can easily block the OS */
+    /*ret = SetPriorityClass(GetCurrentProcess(),REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS);
+    PA_DEBUG(("Class ret = %d;",ret));*/
+
+    stream->streamThread = CREATE_THREAD_FUNCTION (NULL, 0, ProcessingThread, stream, CREATE_SUSPENDED, NULL);
+    if(stream->streamThread == NULL)
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto end;
+    }
+    ResumeThread(stream->streamThread);
+
+    switch (WaitForMultipleObjects(2, stream->eventStreamStart, FALSE, 5000))
+    {
+    case WAIT_OBJECT_0 + StreamStart_kOk:
+        PA_DEBUG(("Processing thread started!\n"));
+        result = paNoError;
+        /* streamActive is set in processing thread */
+        stream->streamStarted = 1;
+        break;
+    case WAIT_OBJECT_0 + StreamStart_kFailed:
+        PA_DEBUG(("Processing thread start failed! (result=%d)\n", stream->threadResult));
+        result = stream->threadResult;
+        /* Wait for the stream to really exit */
+        WaitForSingleObject(stream->streamThread, 200);
+        CloseHandle(stream->streamThread);
+        stream->streamThread = 0;
+        break;
+    case WAIT_TIMEOUT:
+    default:
+        result = paTimedOut;
+        PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "Failed to start processing thread (timeout)!");
+        break;
+    }
+
+end:
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError StopStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaWinWdmStream *stream = (PaWinWdmStream*)s;
+    BOOL doCb = FALSE;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    if(stream->streamActive)
+    {
+        DWORD dwExitCode;
+        doCb = TRUE;
+        stream->streamStop = 1;
+        if (GetExitCodeThread(stream->streamThread, &dwExitCode) && dwExitCode == STILL_ACTIVE)
+        {
+            if (WaitForSingleObject(stream->streamThread, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("StopStream: stream thread terminated\n"));
+                TerminateThread(stream->streamThread, -1);
+                result = paTimedOut;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("StopStream: GECT says not active, but streamActive is not false ??"));
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PaWinWDM_SetLastErrorInfo(result, "StopStream: GECT says not active, but streamActive = %d", stream->streamActive);
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if (stream->threadResult != paNoError)
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("StopStream: Stream not active (%d)\n", stream->threadResult));
+            result = stream->threadResult;
+            stream->threadResult = paNoError;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (stream->streamThread != NULL)
+    {
+        CloseHandle(stream->streamThread);
+        stream->streamThread = 0;
+    }
+    stream->streamStarted = 0;
+    stream->streamActive = 0;
+
+    if(doCb)
+    {
+        /* Do user callback now after all state has been reset */
+        /* This means it should be safe for the called function */
+        /* to invoke e.g. StartStream */
+        if( stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback != 0 )
+            stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback( stream->streamRepresentation.userData );
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError AbortStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaWinWdmStream *stream = (PaWinWdmStream*)s;
+    int doCb = 0;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    if(stream->streamActive)
+    {
+        doCb = 1;
+        stream->streamAbort = 1;
+        SetEvent(stream->eventAbort); /* Signal immediately */
+        if (WaitForSingleObject(stream->streamThread, 10000) != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
+        {
+            TerminateThread(stream->streamThread, -1);
+            result = paTimedOut;
+
+            PA_DEBUG(("AbortStream: stream thread terminated\n"));
+        }
+        assert(!stream->streamActive);
+    }
+    CloseHandle(stream->streamThread);
+    stream->streamThread = NULL;
+    stream->streamStarted = 0;
+
+    if(doCb)
+    {
+        /* Do user callback now after all state has been reset */
+        /* This means it should be safe for the called function */
+        /* to invoke e.g. StartStream */
+        if( stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback != 0 )
+            stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback( stream->streamRepresentation.userData );
+    }
+
+    stream->streamActive = 0;
+    stream->streamStarted = 0;
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError IsStreamStopped( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaWinWdmStream *stream = (PaWinWdmStream*)s;
+    int result = 0;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    if(!stream->streamStarted)
+        result = 1;
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError IsStreamActive( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaWinWdmStream *stream = (PaWinWdmStream*)s;
+    int result = 0;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    if(stream->streamActive)
+        result = 1;
+
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaTime GetStreamTime( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PA_LOGE_;
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    (void)s;
+    return PaUtil_GetTime();
+}
+
+
+static double GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaWinWdmStream *stream = (PaWinWdmStream*)s;
+    double result;
+    PA_LOGE_;
+    result = PaUtil_GetCpuLoad( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/*
+As separate stream interfaces are used for blocking and callback
+streams, the following functions can be guaranteed to only be called
+for blocking streams.
+*/
+
+static PaError ReadStream( PaStream* s,
+                          void *buffer,
+                          unsigned long frames )
+{
+    PaWinWdmStream *stream = (PaWinWdmStream*)s;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    /* suppress unused variable warnings */
+    (void) buffer;
+    (void) frames;
+    (void) stream;
+
+    /* IMPLEMENT ME, see portaudio.h for required behavior*/
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return paInternalError;
+}
+
+
+static PaError WriteStream( PaStream* s,
+                           const void *buffer,
+                           unsigned long frames )
+{
+    PaWinWdmStream *stream = (PaWinWdmStream*)s;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    /* suppress unused variable warnings */
+    (void) buffer;
+    (void) frames;
+    (void) stream;
+
+    /* IMPLEMENT ME, see portaudio.h for required behavior*/
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return paInternalError;
+}
+
+
+static signed long GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaWinWdmStream *stream = (PaWinWdmStream*)s;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+
+    /* suppress unused variable warnings */
+    (void) stream;
+
+    /* IMPLEMENT ME, see portaudio.h for required behavior*/
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+static signed long GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaWinWdmStream *stream = (PaWinWdmStream*)s;
+
+    PA_LOGE_;
+    /* suppress unused variable warnings */
+    (void) stream;
+
+    /* IMPLEMENT ME, see portaudio.h for required behavior*/
+    PA_LOGL_;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/***************************************************************************************/
+/* Event and submit handlers for WaveCyclic                                            */
+/***************************************************************************************/
+
+static PaError PaPinCaptureEventHandler_WaveCyclic(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    ring_buffer_size_t frameCount;
+    DATAPACKET* packet = pInfo->stream->capture.packets + eventIndex;
+
+    assert( eventIndex < pInfo->stream->capture.noOfPackets );
+
+    if (packet->Header.DataUsed == 0)
+    {
+        PA_HP_TRACE((pInfo->stream->hLog, ">>> Capture bogus event (no data): idx=%u", eventIndex));
+
+        /* Bogus event, reset! This is to handle the behavior of this USB mic: http://shop.xtz.se/measurement-system/microphone-to-dirac-live-room-correction-suite
+           on startup of streaming, where it erroneously sets the event without the corresponding buffer being filled (DataUsed == 0) */
+        ResetEvent(packet->Signal.hEvent);
+
+        result = -1;    /* Only need this to be NOT paNoError */
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        pInfo->capturePackets[pInfo->captureHead & cPacketsArrayMask].packet = packet;
+
+        frameCount = PaUtil_WriteRingBuffer(&pInfo->stream->ringBuffer, packet->Header.Data, pInfo->stream->capture.framesPerBuffer);
+
+        PA_HP_TRACE((pInfo->stream->hLog, ">>> Capture event: idx=%u (frames=%u)", eventIndex, frameCount));
+        ++pInfo->captureHead;
+    }
+
+    --pInfo->pending; /* This needs to be done in either case */
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError PaPinCaptureSubmitHandler_WaveCyclic(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    DATAPACKET* packet = pInfo->capturePackets[pInfo->captureTail & cPacketsArrayMask].packet;
+    pInfo->capturePackets[pInfo->captureTail & cPacketsArrayMask].packet = 0;
+    assert(packet != 0);
+    PA_HP_TRACE((pInfo->stream->hLog, "Capture submit: %u", eventIndex));
+    packet->Header.DataUsed = 0; /* Reset for reuse */
+    packet->Header.OptionsFlags = 0; /* Reset for reuse. Required for e.g. Focusrite Scarlett 2i4 (1st Gen) see #310 */
+    ResetEvent(packet->Signal.hEvent);
+    result = PinRead(pInfo->stream->capture.pPin->handle, packet);
+    ++pInfo->pending;
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError PaPinRenderEventHandler_WaveCyclic(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex)
+{
+    assert( eventIndex < pInfo->stream->render.noOfPackets );
+
+    pInfo->renderPackets[pInfo->renderHead & cPacketsArrayMask].packet = pInfo->stream->render.packets + eventIndex;
+    PA_HP_TRACE((pInfo->stream->hLog, "<<< Render event : idx=%u head=%u", eventIndex, pInfo->renderHead));
+    ++pInfo->renderHead;
+    --pInfo->pending;
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+static PaError PaPinRenderSubmitHandler_WaveCyclic(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex)
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    DATAPACKET* packet = pInfo->renderPackets[pInfo->renderTail & cPacketsArrayMask].packet;
+    pInfo->renderPackets[pInfo->renderTail & cPacketsArrayMask].packet = 0;
+    assert(packet != 0);
+
+    PA_HP_TRACE((pInfo->stream->hLog, "Render submit : %u idx=%u", pInfo->renderTail, (unsigned)(packet - pInfo->stream->render.packets)));
+    ResetEvent(packet->Signal.hEvent);
+    result = PinWrite(pInfo->stream->render.pPin->handle, packet);
+    /* Reset event, just in case we have an analogous situation to capture (see PaPinCaptureSubmitHandler_WaveCyclic) */
+    ++pInfo->pending;
+    if (pInfo->priming)
+    {
+        --pInfo->priming;
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+/***************************************************************************************/
+/* Event and submit handlers for WaveRT                                                */
+/***************************************************************************************/
+
+static PaError PaPinCaptureEventHandler_WaveRTEvent(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex)
+{
+    unsigned long pos;
+    unsigned realInBuf;
+    unsigned frameCount;
+    PaWinWdmIOInfo* pCapture = &pInfo->stream->capture;
+    const unsigned halfInputBuffer = pCapture->hostBufferSize >> 1;
+    PaWinWdmPin* pin = pCapture->pPin;
+    DATAPACKET* packet = 0;
+
+    /* Get hold of current ADC position */
+    pin->fnAudioPosition(pin, &pos);
+    /* Wrap it (robi: why not use hw latency compensation here ?? because pos then gets _way_ off from
+    where it should be, i.e. at beginning or half buffer position. Why? No idea.)  */
+
+    pos %= pCapture->hostBufferSize;
+    /* Then realInBuf will point to "other" half of double buffer */
+    realInBuf = pos < halfInputBuffer ? 1U : 0U;
+
+    packet = pInfo->stream->capture.packets + realInBuf;
+
+    /* Call barrier (or dummy) */
+    pin->fnMemBarrier();
+
+    /* Put it in queue */
+    frameCount = PaUtil_WriteRingBuffer(&pInfo->stream->ringBuffer, packet->Header.Data, pCapture->framesPerBuffer);
+
+    pInfo->capturePackets[pInfo->captureHead & cPacketsArrayMask].packet = packet;
+
+    PA_HP_TRACE((pInfo->stream->hLog, "Capture event (WaveRT): idx=%u head=%u (pos = %4.1lf%%, frames=%u)", realInBuf, pInfo->captureHead, (pos * 100.0 / pCapture->hostBufferSize), frameCount));
+
+    ++pInfo->captureHead;
+    --pInfo->pending;
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+static PaError PaPinCaptureEventHandler_WaveRTPolled(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex)
+{
+    unsigned long pos;
+    unsigned bytesToRead;
+    PaWinWdmIOInfo* pCapture = &pInfo->stream->capture;
+    const unsigned halfInputBuffer = pCapture->hostBufferSize>>1;
+    PaWinWdmPin* pin = pInfo->stream->capture.pPin;
+
+    /* Get hold of current ADC position */
+    pin->fnAudioPosition(pin, &pos);
+    /* Wrap it (robi: why not use hw latency compensation here ?? because pos then gets _way_ off from
+    where it should be, i.e. at beginning or half buffer position. Why? No idea.)  */
+    /* Compensate for HW FIFO to get to last read buffer position */
+    pos += pin->hwLatency;
+    pos %= pCapture->hostBufferSize;
+    /* Need to align position on frame boundary */
+    pos &= ~(pCapture->bytesPerFrame - 1);
+
+    /* Call barrier (or dummy) */
+    pin->fnMemBarrier();
+
+    /* Put it in "queue" */
+    bytesToRead = (pCapture->hostBufferSize + pos - pCapture->lastPosition) % pCapture->hostBufferSize;
+    if (bytesToRead > 0)
+    {
+        unsigned frameCount = PaUtil_WriteRingBuffer(&pInfo->stream->ringBuffer,
+            pCapture->hostBuffer + pCapture->lastPosition,
+            bytesToRead / pCapture->bytesPerFrame);
+
+        pCapture->lastPosition = (pCapture->lastPosition + frameCount * pCapture->bytesPerFrame) % pCapture->hostBufferSize;
+
+        PA_HP_TRACE((pInfo->stream->hLog, "Capture event (WaveRTPolled): pos = %4.1lf%%, framesRead=%u", (pos * 100.0 / pCapture->hostBufferSize), frameCount));
+        ++pInfo->captureHead;
+        --pInfo->pending;
+    }
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+static PaError PaPinCaptureSubmitHandler_WaveRTEvent(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex)
+{
+    pInfo->capturePackets[pInfo->captureTail & cPacketsArrayMask].packet = 0;
+    ++pInfo->pending;
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+static PaError PaPinCaptureSubmitHandler_WaveRTPolled(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex)
+{
+    pInfo->capturePackets[pInfo->captureTail & cPacketsArrayMask].packet = 0;
+    ++pInfo->pending;
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+static PaError PaPinRenderEventHandler_WaveRTEvent(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex)
+{
+    unsigned long pos;
+    unsigned realOutBuf;
+    PaWinWdmIOInfo* pRender = &pInfo->stream->render;
+    const unsigned halfOutputBuffer = pRender->hostBufferSize >> 1;
+    PaWinWdmPin* pin = pInfo->stream->render.pPin;
+    PaIOPacket* ioPacket = &pInfo->renderPackets[pInfo->renderHead & cPacketsArrayMask];
+
+    /* Get hold of current DAC position */
+    pin->fnAudioPosition(pin, &pos);
+    /* Compensate for HW FIFO to get to last read buffer position */
+    pos += pin->hwLatency;
+    /* Wrap it */
+    pos %= pRender->hostBufferSize;
+    /* And align it, not sure its really needed though */
+    pos &= ~(pRender->bytesPerFrame - 1);
+    /* Then realOutBuf will point to "other" half of double buffer */
+    realOutBuf = pos < halfOutputBuffer ? 1U : 0U;
+
+    if (pInfo->priming)
+    {
+        realOutBuf = pInfo->renderHead & 0x1;
+    }
+    ioPacket->packet = pInfo->stream->render.packets + realOutBuf;
+    ioPacket->startByte = realOutBuf * halfOutputBuffer;
+    ioPacket->lengthBytes = halfOutputBuffer;
+
+    PA_HP_TRACE((pInfo->stream->hLog, "Render event (WaveRT) : idx=%u head=%u (pos = %4.1lf%%)", realOutBuf, pInfo->renderHead, (pos * 100.0 / pRender->hostBufferSize) ));
+
+    ++pInfo->renderHead;
+    --pInfo->pending;
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+static PaError PaPinRenderEventHandler_WaveRTPolled(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex)
+{
+    unsigned long pos;
+    unsigned realOutBuf;
+    unsigned bytesToWrite;
+
+    PaWinWdmIOInfo* pRender = &pInfo->stream->render;
+    const unsigned halfOutputBuffer = pRender->hostBufferSize >> 1;
+    PaWinWdmPin* pin = pInfo->stream->render.pPin;
+    PaIOPacket* ioPacket = &pInfo->renderPackets[pInfo->renderHead & cPacketsArrayMask];
+
+    /* Get hold of current DAC position */
+    pin->fnAudioPosition(pin, &pos);
+    /* Compensate for HW FIFO to get to last read buffer position */
+    pos += pin->hwLatency;
+    /* Wrap it */
+    pos %= pRender->hostBufferSize;
+    /* And align it, not sure its really needed though */
+    pos &= ~(pRender->bytesPerFrame - 1);
+
+    if (pInfo->priming)
+    {
+        realOutBuf = pInfo->renderHead & 0x1;
+        ioPacket->packet = pInfo->stream->render.packets + realOutBuf;
+        ioPacket->startByte = realOutBuf * halfOutputBuffer;
+        ioPacket->lengthBytes = halfOutputBuffer;
+        ++pInfo->renderHead;
+        --pInfo->pending;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        bytesToWrite = (pRender->hostBufferSize + pos - pRender->lastPosition) % pRender->hostBufferSize;
+        ++pRender->pollCntr;
+        if (bytesToWrite >= halfOutputBuffer)
+        {
+            realOutBuf = (pos < halfOutputBuffer) ? 1U : 0U;
+            ioPacket->packet = pInfo->stream->render.packets + realOutBuf;
+            pRender->lastPosition = realOutBuf ? 0U : halfOutputBuffer;
+            ioPacket->startByte = realOutBuf * halfOutputBuffer;
+            ioPacket->lengthBytes = halfOutputBuffer;
+            ++pInfo->renderHead;
+            --pInfo->pending;
+            PA_HP_TRACE((pInfo->stream->hLog, "Render event (WaveRTPolled) : idx=%u head=%u (pos = %4.1lf%%, cnt=%u)", realOutBuf, pInfo->renderHead, (pos * 100.0 / pRender->hostBufferSize), pRender->pollCntr));
+            pRender->pollCntr = 0;
+        }
+    }
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+static PaError PaPinRenderSubmitHandler_WaveRTEvent(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex)
+{
+    PaWinWdmPin* pin = pInfo->stream->render.pPin;
+    pInfo->renderPackets[pInfo->renderTail & cPacketsArrayMask].packet = 0;
+    /* Call barrier (if needed) */
+    pin->fnMemBarrier();
+    PA_HP_TRACE((pInfo->stream->hLog, "Render submit (WaveRT) : submit=%u", pInfo->renderTail));
+    ++pInfo->pending;
+    if (pInfo->priming)
+    {
+        --pInfo->priming;
+        if (pInfo->priming)
+        {
+            PA_HP_TRACE((pInfo->stream->hLog, "Setting WaveRT event for priming (2)"));
+            SetEvent(pInfo->stream->render.events[0]);
+        }
+    }
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+static PaError PaPinRenderSubmitHandler_WaveRTPolled(PaProcessThreadInfo* pInfo, unsigned eventIndex)
+{
+    PaWinWdmPin* pin = pInfo->stream->render.pPin;
+    pInfo->renderPackets[pInfo->renderTail & cPacketsArrayMask].packet = 0;
+    /* Call barrier (if needed) */
+    pin->fnMemBarrier();
+    PA_HP_TRACE((pInfo->stream->hLog, "Render submit (WaveRTPolled) : submit=%u", pInfo->renderTail));
+    ++pInfo->pending;
+    if (pInfo->priming)
+    {
+        --pInfo->priming;
+        if (pInfo->priming)
+        {
+            PA_HP_TRACE((pInfo->stream->hLog, "Setting WaveRT event for priming (2)"));
+            SetEvent(pInfo->stream->render.events[0]);
+        }
+    }
+    return paNoError;
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wmme/pa_win_wmme.c b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wmme/pa_win_wmme.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..22af147
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/hostapi/wmme/pa_win_wmme.c
@@ -0,0 +1,4023 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * pa_win_wmme.c
+ * Implementation of PortAudio for Windows MultiMedia Extensions (WMME)
+ *
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * Latest Version at: http://www.portaudio.com
+ *
+ * Authors: Ross Bencina and Phil Burk
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2000 Ross Bencina and Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/* Modification History:
+ PLB = Phil Burk
+ JM = Julien Maillard
+ RDB = Ross Bencina
+ PLB20010402 - sDevicePtrs now allocates based on sizeof(pointer)
+ PLB20010413 - check for excessive numbers of channels
+ PLB20010422 - apply Mike Berry's changes for CodeWarrior on PC
+               including conditional inclusion of memory.h,
+               and explicit typecasting on memory allocation
+ PLB20010802 - use GlobalAlloc for sDevicesPtr instead of PaHost_AllocFastMemory
+ PLB20010816 - pass process instead of thread to SetPriorityClass()
+ PLB20010927 - use number of frames instead of real-time for CPULoad calculation.
+ JM20020118 - prevent hung thread when buffers underflow.
+ PLB20020321 - detect Win XP versus NT, 9x; fix DBUG typo; removed init of CurrentCount
+ RDB20020411 - various renaming cleanups, factored streamData alloc and cpu usage init
+ RDB20020417 - stopped counting WAVE_MAPPER when there were no real devices
+               refactoring, renaming and fixed a few edge case bugs
+ RDB20020531 - converted to V19 framework
+ ** NOTE  maintenance history is now stored in CVS **
+*/
+
+/** @file
+    @ingroup hostapi_src
+
+    @brief Win32 host API implementation for the Windows MultiMedia Extensions (WMME) audio API.
+*/
+
+/*
+    How it works:
+
+    For both callback and blocking read/write streams we open the MME devices
+    in CALLBACK_EVENT mode. In this mode, MME signals an Event object whenever
+    it has finished with a buffer (either filled it for input, or played it
+    for output). Where necessary, we block waiting for Event objects using
+    WaitMultipleObjects().
+
+    When implementing a PA callback stream, we set up a high priority thread
+    which waits on the MME buffer Events and drains/fills the buffers when
+    they are ready.
+
+    When implementing a PA blocking read/write stream, we simply wait on these
+    Events (when necessary) inside the ReadStream() and WriteStream() functions.
+*/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <mmsystem.h>
+#ifndef UNDER_CE
+#include <process.h>
+#endif
+#include <assert.h>
+/* PLB20010422 - "memory.h" doesn't work on CodeWarrior for PC. Thanks Mike Berry for the mod. */
+#ifndef __MWERKS__
+#include <malloc.h>
+#include <memory.h>
+#endif /* __MWERKS__ */
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_trace.h"
+#include "pa_util.h"
+#include "pa_allocation.h"
+#include "pa_hostapi.h"
+#include "pa_stream.h"
+#include "pa_cpuload.h"
+#include "pa_process.h"
+#include "pa_debugprint.h"
+
+#include "pa_win_wmme.h"
+#include "pa_win_waveformat.h"
+#include "pa_win_util.h"
+
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO
+#include "pa_win_wdmks_utils.h"
+#ifndef DRV_QUERYDEVICEINTERFACE
+#define DRV_QUERYDEVICEINTERFACE     (DRV_RESERVED + 12)
+#endif
+#ifndef DRV_QUERYDEVICEINTERFACESIZE
+#define DRV_QUERYDEVICEINTERFACESIZE (DRV_RESERVED + 13)
+#endif
+#endif /* PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO */
+
+/* use CreateThread for CYGWIN, _beginthreadex for all others */
+#if !defined(__CYGWIN__) && !defined(_WIN32_WCE)
+#define CREATE_THREAD (HANDLE)_beginthreadex( 0, 0, ProcessingThreadProc, stream, 0, &stream->processingThreadId )
+#define PA_THREAD_FUNC static unsigned WINAPI
+#define PA_THREAD_ID unsigned
+#else
+#define CREATE_THREAD CreateThread( 0, 0, ProcessingThreadProc, stream, 0, &stream->processingThreadId )
+#define PA_THREAD_FUNC static DWORD WINAPI
+#define PA_THREAD_ID DWORD
+#endif
+#if (defined(_WIN32_WCE))
+#pragma comment(lib, "Coredll.lib")
+#elif (defined(WIN32) && (defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1200))) /* MSC version 6 and above */
+#pragma comment(lib, "winmm.lib")
+#endif
+
+/*
+ provided in newer platform sdks
+ */
+#ifndef DWORD_PTR
+    #if defined(_WIN64)
+        #define DWORD_PTR unsigned __int64
+    #else
+        #define DWORD_PTR unsigned long
+    #endif
+#endif
+
+/************************************************* Constants ********/
+
+#define PA_MME_USE_HIGH_DEFAULT_LATENCY_    (0)  /* For debugging glitches. */
+
+#if PA_MME_USE_HIGH_DEFAULT_LATENCY_
+    #define PA_MME_WIN_9X_DEFAULT_LATENCY_                              (0.4)
+    #define PA_MME_MIN_HOST_OUTPUT_BUFFER_COUNT_                        (4)
+    #define PA_MME_MIN_HOST_INPUT_BUFFER_COUNT_FULL_DUPLEX_             (4)
+    #define PA_MME_MIN_HOST_INPUT_BUFFER_COUNT_HALF_DUPLEX_             (4)
+    #define PA_MME_HOST_BUFFER_GRANULARITY_FRAMES_WHEN_UNSPECIFIED_     (16)
+    #define PA_MME_MAX_HOST_BUFFER_SECS_                                (0.3)       /* Do not exceed unless user buffer exceeds */
+    #define PA_MME_MAX_HOST_BUFFER_BYTES_                               (32 * 1024) /* Has precedence over PA_MME_MAX_HOST_BUFFER_SECS_, some drivers are known to crash with buffer sizes > 32k */
+#else
+    #define PA_MME_WIN_9X_DEFAULT_LATENCY_                              (0.2)
+    #define PA_MME_MIN_HOST_OUTPUT_BUFFER_COUNT_                        (2)
+    #define PA_MME_MIN_HOST_INPUT_BUFFER_COUNT_FULL_DUPLEX_             (3)         /* always use at least 3 input buffers for full duplex */
+    #define PA_MME_MIN_HOST_INPUT_BUFFER_COUNT_HALF_DUPLEX_             (2)
+    #define PA_MME_HOST_BUFFER_GRANULARITY_FRAMES_WHEN_UNSPECIFIED_     (16)
+    #define PA_MME_MAX_HOST_BUFFER_SECS_                                (0.1)       /* Do not exceed unless user buffer exceeds */
+    #define PA_MME_MAX_HOST_BUFFER_BYTES_                               (32 * 1024) /* Has precedence over PA_MME_MAX_HOST_BUFFER_SECS_, some drivers are known to crash with buffer sizes > 32k */
+#endif
+
+/* Use higher latency for NT because it is even worse at real-time
+   operation than Win9x.
+*/
+#define PA_MME_WIN_NT_DEFAULT_LATENCY_                              (0.4)
+
+/* Default low latency for WDM based systems. This is based on a rough
+   survey of workable latency settings using patest_wmme_find_best_latency_params.c.
+   See pdf attached to ticket 185 for a graph of the survey results:
+   http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/185
+
+   Workable latencies varied between 40ms and ~80ms on different systems (different
+   combinations of hardware, 32 and 64 bit, WinXP, Vista and Win7. We didn't
+   get enough Vista results to know if Vista has systemically worse latency.
+   For now we choose a safe value across all Windows versions here.
+*/
+#define PA_MME_WIN_WDM_DEFAULT_LATENCY_                             (0.090)
+
+
+/* When client suggestedLatency could result in many host buffers, we aim to have around 8,
+   based off Windows documentation that suggests that the kmixer uses 8 buffers. This choice
+   is somewhat arbitrary here, since we haven't observed significant stability degradation
+   with using either more, or less buffers.
+*/
+#define PA_MME_TARGET_HOST_BUFFER_COUNT_    8
+
+#define PA_MME_MIN_TIMEOUT_MSEC_        (1000)
+
+static const char constInputMapperSuffix_[] = " - Input";
+static const char constOutputMapperSuffix_[] = " - Output";
+
+/********************************************************************/
+
+/* Copy null-terminated WCHAR string to explicit char string using UTF8 encoding */
+static char *CopyWCharStringToUtf8CString(char *destination, size_t destLengthBytes, const WCHAR *source)
+{
+    /* The cbMultiByte parameter ["destLengthBytes" below] is:
+    """
+    Size, in bytes, of the buffer indicated by lpMultiByteStr ["destination" below].
+    If this parameter is set to 0, the function returns the required buffer
+    size for lpMultiByteStr and makes no use of the output parameter itself.
+    """
+    Source: WideCharToMultiByte at MSDN:
+    http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd374130(v=vs.85).aspx
+    */
+    int intDestLengthBytes; /* cbMultiByte */
+    /* intDestLengthBytes is an int, destLengthBytes is a size_t. Ensure that we don't overflow
+    intDestLengthBytes by only using at most INT_MAX bytes of destination buffer.
+    */
+    if (destLengthBytes < INT_MAX)
+    {
+#pragma warning (disable : 4267) /* "conversion from 'size_t' to 'int', possible loss of data" */
+        intDestLengthBytes = (int)destLengthBytes; /* destLengthBytes is guaranteed < INT_MAX here */
+#pragma warning (default : 4267)
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        intDestLengthBytes = INT_MAX;
+    }
+
+    if (WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, source, -1, destination, /*cbMultiByte=*/intDestLengthBytes, NULL, NULL) == 0)
+        return NULL;
+    return destination;
+}
+
+/* returns required length (in bytes) of destination buffer when
+   converting WCHAR string to UTF8 bytes, not including the terminating null. */
+static size_t WCharStringLen(const WCHAR *str)
+{
+    return WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, str, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
+}
+
+/********************************************************************/
+
+typedef struct PaWinMmeStream PaWinMmeStream;     /* forward declaration */
+
+/* prototypes for functions declared in this file */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+PaError PaWinMme_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+static void Terminate( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi );
+static PaError OpenStream( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                           PaStream** stream,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                           double sampleRate,
+                           unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                           PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                           PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                           void *userData );
+static PaError IsFormatSupported( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                  double sampleRate );
+static PaError CloseStream( PaStream* stream );
+static PaError StartStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError StopStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError AbortStream( PaStream *stream );
+static PaError IsStreamStopped( PaStream *s );
+static PaError IsStreamActive( PaStream *stream );
+static PaTime GetStreamTime( PaStream *stream );
+static double GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream* stream );
+static PaError ReadStream( PaStream* stream, void *buffer, unsigned long frames );
+static PaError WriteStream( PaStream* stream, const void *buffer, unsigned long frames );
+static signed long GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream* stream );
+static signed long GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream* stream );
+
+
+/* macros for setting last host error information */
+
+#define PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEIN_ERROR( mmresult )                              \
+    {                                                                         \
+        wchar_t mmeErrorTextWide[ MAXERRORLENGTH ];                           \
+        char mmeErrorText[ MAXERRORLENGTH ];                                  \
+        waveInGetErrorTextW( mmresult, mmeErrorTextWide, MAXERRORLENGTH );    \
+        WideCharToMultiByte( CP_UTF8, 0, mmeErrorTextWide, -1,                \
+            mmeErrorText, MAXERRORLENGTH, NULL, NULL );                       \
+        PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( paMME, mmresult, mmeErrorText );         \
+    }
+
+#define PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEOUT_ERROR( mmresult )                             \
+    {                                                                         \
+        wchar_t mmeErrorTextWide[ MAXERRORLENGTH ];                           \
+        char mmeErrorText[ MAXERRORLENGTH ];                                  \
+        waveOutGetErrorTextW( mmresult, mmeErrorTextWide, MAXERRORLENGTH );   \
+        WideCharToMultiByte( CP_UTF8, 0, mmeErrorTextWide, -1,                \
+            mmeErrorText, MAXERRORLENGTH, NULL, NULL );                       \
+        PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( paMME, mmresult, mmeErrorText );         \
+    }
+
+
+static void PaMme_SetLastSystemError( DWORD errorCode )
+{
+    PaWinUtil_SetLastSystemErrorInfo( paMME, errorCode );
+}
+
+#define PA_MME_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( errorCode ) \
+    PaMme_SetLastSystemError( errorCode )
+
+
+/* PaError returning wrappers for some commonly used win32 functions
+    note that we allow passing a null ptr to have no effect.
+*/
+
+static PaError CreateEventWithPaError( HANDLE *handle,
+        LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpEventAttributes,
+        BOOL bManualReset,
+        BOOL bInitialState,
+        LPCWSTR lpName )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    *handle = NULL;
+
+    *handle = CreateEventW( lpEventAttributes, bManualReset, bInitialState, lpName );
+    if( *handle == NULL )
+    {
+        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+        PA_MME_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError ResetEventWithPaError( HANDLE handle )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    if( handle )
+    {
+        if( ResetEvent( handle ) == 0 )
+        {
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PA_MME_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError CloseHandleWithPaError( HANDLE handle )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    if( handle )
+    {
+        if( CloseHandle( handle ) == 0 )
+        {
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PA_MME_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/* PaWinMmeHostApiRepresentation - host api datastructure specific to this implementation */
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation inheritedHostApiRep;
+    PaUtilStreamInterface callbackStreamInterface;
+    PaUtilStreamInterface blockingStreamInterface;
+
+    PaUtilAllocationGroup *allocations;
+
+    int inputDeviceCount, outputDeviceCount;
+
+    /** winMmeDeviceIds is an array of WinMme device ids.
+        fields in the range [0, inputDeviceCount) are input device ids,
+        and [inputDeviceCount, inputDeviceCount + outputDeviceCount) are output
+        device ids.
+     */
+    UINT *winMmeDeviceIds;
+}
+PaWinMmeHostApiRepresentation;
+
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    PaDeviceInfo inheritedDeviceInfo;
+    DWORD dwFormats; /**<< standard formats bitmask from the WAVEINCAPS and WAVEOUTCAPS structures */
+    char deviceInputChannelCountIsKnown; /**<< if the system returns 0xFFFF then we don't really know the number of supported channels (1=>known, 0=>unknown)*/
+    char deviceOutputChannelCountIsKnown; /**<< if the system returns 0xFFFF then we don't really know the number of supported channels (1=>known, 0=>unknown)*/
+}
+PaWinMmeDeviceInfo;
+
+
+/*************************************************************************
+ * Returns recommended device ID.
+ * On the PC, the recommended device can be specified by the user by
+ * setting an environment variable. For example, to use device #1.
+ *
+ *    set PA_RECOMMENDED_OUTPUT_DEVICE=1
+ *
+ * The user should first determine the available device ID by using
+ * the supplied application "pa_devs".
+ */
+#define PA_ENV_BUF_SIZE_  (32)
+#define PA_REC_IN_DEV_ENV_NAME_  ("PA_RECOMMENDED_INPUT_DEVICE")
+#define PA_REC_OUT_DEV_ENV_NAME_  ("PA_RECOMMENDED_OUTPUT_DEVICE")
+static PaDeviceIndex GetEnvDefaultDeviceID( char *envName )
+{
+    PaDeviceIndex recommendedIndex = paNoDevice;
+    DWORD   hresult;
+    char    envbuf[PA_ENV_BUF_SIZE_];
+
+#ifndef WIN32_PLATFORM_PSPC /* no GetEnvironmentVariable on PocketPC */
+
+    /* Let user determine default device by setting environment variable. */
+    hresult = GetEnvironmentVariableA( envName, envbuf, PA_ENV_BUF_SIZE_ );
+    if( (hresult > 0) && (hresult < PA_ENV_BUF_SIZE_) )
+    {
+        recommendedIndex = atoi( envbuf );
+    }
+#endif
+
+    return recommendedIndex;
+}
+
+
+static void InitializeDefaultDeviceIdsFromEnv( PaWinMmeHostApiRepresentation *hostApi )
+{
+    PaDeviceIndex device;
+
+    /* input */
+    device = GetEnvDefaultDeviceID( PA_REC_IN_DEV_ENV_NAME_ );
+    if( device != paNoDevice &&
+            ( device >= 0 && device < hostApi->inheritedHostApiRep.info.deviceCount ) &&
+            hostApi->inheritedHostApiRep.deviceInfos[ device ]->maxInputChannels > 0 )
+    {
+        hostApi->inheritedHostApiRep.info.defaultInputDevice = device;
+    }
+
+    /* output */
+    device = GetEnvDefaultDeviceID( PA_REC_OUT_DEV_ENV_NAME_ );
+    if( device != paNoDevice &&
+            ( device >= 0 && device < hostApi->inheritedHostApiRep.info.deviceCount ) &&
+            hostApi->inheritedHostApiRep.deviceInfos[ device ]->maxOutputChannels > 0 )
+    {
+        hostApi->inheritedHostApiRep.info.defaultOutputDevice = device;
+    }
+}
+
+
+/** Convert external PA ID to a windows multimedia device ID
+*/
+static UINT LocalDeviceIndexToWinMmeDeviceId( PaWinMmeHostApiRepresentation *hostApi, PaDeviceIndex device )
+{
+    assert( device >= 0 && device < hostApi->inputDeviceCount + hostApi->outputDeviceCount );
+
+    return hostApi->winMmeDeviceIds[ device ];
+}
+
+
+static int SampleFormatAndWinWmmeSpecificFlagsToLinearWaveFormatTag( PaSampleFormat sampleFormat, unsigned long winMmeSpecificFlags )
+{
+    int waveFormatTag = 0;
+
+    if( winMmeSpecificFlags & paWinMmeWaveFormatDolbyAc3Spdif )
+        waveFormatTag = PAWIN_WAVE_FORMAT_DOLBY_AC3_SPDIF;
+    else if( winMmeSpecificFlags & paWinMmeWaveFormatWmaSpdif )
+        waveFormatTag = PAWIN_WAVE_FORMAT_WMA_SPDIF;
+    else
+        waveFormatTag = PaWin_SampleFormatToLinearWaveFormatTag( sampleFormat );
+
+    return waveFormatTag;
+}
+
+
+static PaError QueryInputWaveFormatEx( int deviceId, WAVEFORMATEX *waveFormatEx )
+{
+    MMRESULT mmresult;
+
+    switch( mmresult = waveInOpen( NULL, deviceId, waveFormatEx, 0, 0, WAVE_FORMAT_QUERY ) )
+    {
+        case MMSYSERR_NOERROR:
+            return paNoError;
+        case MMSYSERR_ALLOCATED:    /* Specified resource is already allocated. */
+            return paDeviceUnavailable;
+        case MMSYSERR_NODRIVER:     /* No device driver is present. */
+            return paDeviceUnavailable;
+        case MMSYSERR_NOMEM:        /* Unable to allocate or lock memory. */
+            return paInsufficientMemory;
+        case WAVERR_BADFORMAT:      /* Attempted to open with an unsupported waveform-audio format. */
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+        case MMSYSERR_BADDEVICEID:  /* Specified device identifier is out of range. */
+            /* falls through */
+        default:
+            PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEIN_ERROR( mmresult );
+            return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    }
+}
+
+
+static PaError QueryOutputWaveFormatEx( int deviceId, WAVEFORMATEX *waveFormatEx )
+{
+    MMRESULT mmresult;
+
+    switch( mmresult = waveOutOpen( NULL, deviceId, waveFormatEx, 0, 0, WAVE_FORMAT_QUERY ) )
+    {
+        case MMSYSERR_NOERROR:
+            return paNoError;
+        case MMSYSERR_ALLOCATED:    /* Specified resource is already allocated. */
+            return paDeviceUnavailable;
+        case MMSYSERR_NODRIVER:     /* No device driver is present. */
+            return paDeviceUnavailable;
+        case MMSYSERR_NOMEM:        /* Unable to allocate or lock memory. */
+            return paInsufficientMemory;
+        case WAVERR_BADFORMAT:      /* Attempted to open with an unsupported waveform-audio format. */
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+        case MMSYSERR_BADDEVICEID:  /* Specified device identifier is out of range. */
+            /* falls through */
+        default:
+            PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEOUT_ERROR( mmresult );
+            return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    }
+}
+
+
+static PaError QueryFormatSupported( PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo,
+        PaError (*waveFormatExQueryFunction)(int, WAVEFORMATEX*),
+        int winMmeDeviceId, int channels, double sampleRate, unsigned long winMmeSpecificFlags )
+{
+    PaWinMmeDeviceInfo *winMmeDeviceInfo = (PaWinMmeDeviceInfo*)deviceInfo;
+    PaWinWaveFormat waveFormat;
+    PaSampleFormat sampleFormat;
+    int waveFormatTag;
+
+    /* @todo at the moment we only query with 16 bit sample format and directout speaker config*/
+
+    sampleFormat = paInt16;
+    waveFormatTag = SampleFormatAndWinWmmeSpecificFlagsToLinearWaveFormatTag( sampleFormat, winMmeSpecificFlags );
+
+    if( waveFormatTag == PaWin_SampleFormatToLinearWaveFormatTag( paInt16 ) ){
+
+        /* attempt bypass querying the device for linear formats */
+
+        if( sampleRate == 11025.0
+            && ( (channels == 1 && (winMmeDeviceInfo->dwFormats & WAVE_FORMAT_1M16))
+                || (channels == 2 && (winMmeDeviceInfo->dwFormats & WAVE_FORMAT_1S16)) ) ){
+
+            return paNoError;
+        }
+
+        if( sampleRate == 22050.0
+            && ( (channels == 1 && (winMmeDeviceInfo->dwFormats & WAVE_FORMAT_2M16))
+                || (channels == 2 && (winMmeDeviceInfo->dwFormats & WAVE_FORMAT_2S16)) ) ){
+
+            return paNoError;
+        }
+
+        if( sampleRate == 44100.0
+            && ( (channels == 1 && (winMmeDeviceInfo->dwFormats & WAVE_FORMAT_4M16))
+                || (channels == 2 && (winMmeDeviceInfo->dwFormats & WAVE_FORMAT_4S16)) ) ){
+
+            return paNoError;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    /* first, attempt to query the device using WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE,
+       if this fails we fall back to WAVEFORMATEX */
+
+    PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatExtensible( &waveFormat, channels, sampleFormat, waveFormatTag,
+            sampleRate, PAWIN_SPEAKER_DIRECTOUT );
+
+    if( waveFormatExQueryFunction( winMmeDeviceId, (WAVEFORMATEX*)&waveFormat ) == paNoError )
+        return paNoError;
+
+    PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatEx( &waveFormat, channels, sampleFormat, waveFormatTag, sampleRate );
+
+    return waveFormatExQueryFunction( winMmeDeviceId, (WAVEFORMATEX*)&waveFormat );
+}
+
+
+#define PA_DEFAULTSAMPLERATESEARCHORDER_COUNT_  (13) /* must match array length below */
+static double defaultSampleRateSearchOrder_[] =
+    { 44100.0, 48000.0, 32000.0, 24000.0, 22050.0, 88200.0, 96000.0, 192000.0,
+        16000.0, 12000.0, 11025.0, 9600.0, 8000.0 };
+
+static void DetectDefaultSampleRate( PaWinMmeDeviceInfo *winMmeDeviceInfo, int winMmeDeviceId,
+        PaError (*waveFormatExQueryFunction)(int, WAVEFORMATEX*), int maxChannels )
+{
+    PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo = &winMmeDeviceInfo->inheritedDeviceInfo;
+    int i;
+
+    deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = 0.;
+
+    for( i=0; i < PA_DEFAULTSAMPLERATESEARCHORDER_COUNT_; ++i )
+    {
+        double sampleRate = defaultSampleRateSearchOrder_[ i ];
+        PaError paerror = QueryFormatSupported( deviceInfo, waveFormatExQueryFunction, winMmeDeviceId, maxChannels, sampleRate, 0 );
+        if( paerror == paNoError )
+        {
+            deviceInfo->defaultSampleRate = sampleRate;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO
+static int QueryWaveInKSFilterMaxChannels( UINT waveInDeviceId, int *maxChannels )
+{
+    void *devicePath;
+    DWORD devicePathSize;
+    int result = 0;
+
+    /* pass UINT ID via punned HWAVEIN, as per DRV_QUERYDEVICEINTERFACESIZE documentation */
+    HWAVEIN hDeviceId = (HWAVEIN)((UINT_PTR)waveInDeviceId);
+
+    if( waveInMessage(hDeviceId, DRV_QUERYDEVICEINTERFACESIZE,
+            (DWORD_PTR)&devicePathSize, 0 ) != MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+        return 0;
+
+    devicePath = PaUtil_AllocateMemory( devicePathSize );
+    if( !devicePath )
+        return 0;
+
+    /* apparently DRV_QUERYDEVICEINTERFACE returns a unicode interface path, although this is undocumented */
+    if( waveInMessage(hDeviceId, DRV_QUERYDEVICEINTERFACE,
+            (DWORD_PTR)devicePath, devicePathSize ) == MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+    {
+        int count = PaWin_WDMKS_QueryFilterMaximumChannelCount( devicePath, /* isInput= */ 1  );
+        if( count > 0 )
+        {
+            *maxChannels = count;
+            result = 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( devicePath );
+
+    return result;
+}
+#endif /* PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO */
+
+
+static PaError InitializeInputDeviceInfo( PaWinMmeHostApiRepresentation *winMmeHostApi,
+        PaWinMmeDeviceInfo *winMmeDeviceInfo, UINT winMmeInputDeviceId, int *success )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    char *deviceName; /* non-const ptr */
+    MMRESULT mmresult;
+    WAVEINCAPSW wic;
+    PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo = &winMmeDeviceInfo->inheritedDeviceInfo;
+    size_t len;
+
+    *success = 0;
+
+    mmresult = waveInGetDevCapsW( winMmeInputDeviceId, &wic, sizeof( WAVEINCAPSW ) );
+    if( mmresult == MMSYSERR_NOMEM )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+    else if( mmresult != MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+    {
+        /* instead of returning paUnanticipatedHostError we return
+            paNoError, but leave success set as 0. This allows
+            Pa_Initialize to just ignore this device, without failing
+            the entire initialisation process.
+        */
+        return paNoError;
+    }
+
+    /* NOTE: the WAVEOUTCAPS.szPname is a null-terminated array of 32 characters,
+        so we are limited to displaying only the first 31 characters of the device name. */
+    if( winMmeInputDeviceId == WAVE_MAPPER )
+    {
+        len = WCharStringLen( wic.szPname ) + 1 + sizeof(constInputMapperSuffix_);
+        /* Append I/O suffix to WAVE_MAPPER device. */
+        deviceName = (char*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                    winMmeHostApi->allocations,
+                    (long)len );
+        if( !deviceName )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+        CopyWCharStringToUtf8CString( deviceName, len, wic.szPname );
+        strcat( deviceName, constInputMapperSuffix_ );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        len = WCharStringLen( wic.szPname ) + 1;
+        deviceName = (char*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                    winMmeHostApi->allocations,
+                    (long)len );
+        if( !deviceName )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+        CopyWCharStringToUtf8CString( deviceName, len, wic.szPname  );
+    }
+    deviceInfo->name = deviceName;
+
+    if( wic.wChannels == 0xFFFF || wic.wChannels < 1 || wic.wChannels > 255 ){
+        /* For Windows versions using WDM (possibly Windows 98 ME and later)
+         * the kernel mixer sits between the application and the driver. As a result,
+         * wave*GetDevCaps often kernel mixer channel counts, which are unlimited.
+         * When this happens we assume the device is stereo and set a flag
+         * so that other channel counts can be tried with OpenStream -- i.e. when
+         * device*ChannelCountIsKnown is false, OpenStream will try whatever
+         * channel count you supply.
+         * see also InitializeOutputDeviceInfo() below.
+     */
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("Pa_GetDeviceInfo: Num input channels reported as %d! Changed to 2.\n", wic.wChannels ));
+        deviceInfo->maxInputChannels = 2;
+        winMmeDeviceInfo->deviceInputChannelCountIsKnown = 0;
+    }else{
+        deviceInfo->maxInputChannels = wic.wChannels;
+        winMmeDeviceInfo->deviceInputChannelCountIsKnown = 1;
+    }
+
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO
+    winMmeDeviceInfo->deviceInputChannelCountIsKnown =
+            QueryWaveInKSFilterMaxChannels( winMmeInputDeviceId, &deviceInfo->maxInputChannels );
+#endif /* PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO */
+
+    winMmeDeviceInfo->dwFormats = wic.dwFormats;
+
+    DetectDefaultSampleRate( winMmeDeviceInfo, winMmeInputDeviceId,
+            QueryInputWaveFormatEx, deviceInfo->maxInputChannels );
+
+    *success = 1;
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO
+static int QueryWaveOutKSFilterMaxChannels( UINT waveOutDeviceId, int *maxChannels )
+{
+    void *devicePath;
+    DWORD devicePathSize;
+    int result = 0;
+
+    /* pass UINT ID via punned HWAVEOUT, as per DRV_QUERYDEVICEINTERFACESIZE documentation */
+    HWAVEOUT hDeviceId = (HWAVEOUT)((UINT_PTR)waveOutDeviceId);
+
+    if( waveOutMessage(hDeviceId, DRV_QUERYDEVICEINTERFACESIZE,
+            (DWORD_PTR)&devicePathSize, 0 ) != MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+        return 0;
+
+    devicePath = PaUtil_AllocateMemory( devicePathSize );
+    if( !devicePath )
+        return 0;
+
+    /* apparently DRV_QUERYDEVICEINTERFACE returns a unicode interface path, although this is undocumented */
+    if( waveOutMessage(hDeviceId, DRV_QUERYDEVICEINTERFACE,
+            (DWORD_PTR)devicePath, devicePathSize ) == MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+    {
+        int count = PaWin_WDMKS_QueryFilterMaximumChannelCount( devicePath, /* isInput= */ 0  );
+        if( count > 0 )
+        {
+            *maxChannels = count;
+            result = 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( devicePath );
+
+    return result;
+}
+#endif /* PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO */
+
+
+static PaError InitializeOutputDeviceInfo( PaWinMmeHostApiRepresentation *winMmeHostApi,
+        PaWinMmeDeviceInfo *winMmeDeviceInfo, UINT winMmeOutputDeviceId, int *success )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    char *deviceName; /* non-const ptr */
+    MMRESULT mmresult;
+    WAVEOUTCAPSW woc;
+    PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo = &winMmeDeviceInfo->inheritedDeviceInfo;
+    size_t len;
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO
+    int wdmksDeviceOutputChannelCountIsKnown;
+#endif
+
+    *success = 0;
+
+    mmresult = waveOutGetDevCapsW( winMmeOutputDeviceId, &woc, sizeof( WAVEOUTCAPSW ) );
+    if( mmresult == MMSYSERR_NOMEM )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+    else if( mmresult != MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+    {
+        /* instead of returning paUnanticipatedHostError we return
+            paNoError, but leave success set as 0. This allows
+            Pa_Initialize to just ignore this device, without failing
+            the entire initialisation process.
+        */
+        return paNoError;
+    }
+
+    /* NOTE: the WAVEOUTCAPS.szPname is a null-terminated array of 32 characters,
+        so we are limited to displaying only the first 31 characters of the device name. */
+    if( winMmeOutputDeviceId == WAVE_MAPPER )
+    {
+        /* Append I/O suffix to WAVE_MAPPER device. */
+        len = WCharStringLen( woc.szPname ) + 1 + sizeof(constOutputMapperSuffix_);
+        deviceName = (char*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                    winMmeHostApi->allocations,
+                    (long)len );
+        if( !deviceName )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+        CopyWCharStringToUtf8CString( deviceName, len, woc.szPname );
+        strcat( deviceName, constOutputMapperSuffix_ );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        len = WCharStringLen( woc.szPname ) + 1;
+        deviceName = (char*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                    winMmeHostApi->allocations,
+                    (long)len );
+        if( !deviceName )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+        CopyWCharStringToUtf8CString( deviceName, len, woc.szPname );
+    }
+    deviceInfo->name = deviceName;
+
+    if( woc.wChannels == 0xFFFF || woc.wChannels < 1 || woc.wChannels > 255 ){
+        /* For Windows versions using WDM (possibly Windows 98 ME and later)
+         * the kernel mixer sits between the application and the driver. As a result,
+         * wave*GetDevCaps often kernel mixer channel counts, which are unlimited.
+         * When this happens we assume the device is stereo and set a flag
+         * so that other channel counts can be tried with OpenStream -- i.e. when
+         * device*ChannelCountIsKnown is false, OpenStream will try whatever
+         * channel count you supply.
+         * see also InitializeInputDeviceInfo() above.
+         */
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("Pa_GetDeviceInfo: Num output channels reported as %d! Changed to 2.\n", woc.wChannels ));
+        deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels = 2;
+        winMmeDeviceInfo->deviceOutputChannelCountIsKnown = 0;
+    }else{
+        deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels = woc.wChannels;
+        winMmeDeviceInfo->deviceOutputChannelCountIsKnown = 1;
+    }
+
+#ifdef PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO
+    wdmksDeviceOutputChannelCountIsKnown = QueryWaveOutKSFilterMaxChannels(
+            winMmeOutputDeviceId, &deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels );
+    if( wdmksDeviceOutputChannelCountIsKnown && !winMmeDeviceInfo->deviceOutputChannelCountIsKnown )
+        winMmeDeviceInfo->deviceOutputChannelCountIsKnown = 1;
+#endif /* PAWIN_USE_WDMKS_DEVICE_INFO */
+
+    winMmeDeviceInfo->dwFormats = woc.dwFormats;
+
+    DetectDefaultSampleRate( winMmeDeviceInfo, winMmeOutputDeviceId,
+            QueryOutputWaveFormatEx, deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels );
+
+    *success = 1;
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static void GetDefaultLatencies( PaTime *defaultLowLatency, PaTime *defaultHighLatency )
+{
+/*
+NOTE: GetVersionEx() is deprecated as of Windows 8.1 and can not be used to reliably detect
+versions of Windows higher than Windows 8 (due to manifest requirements for reporting higher versions).
+Microsoft recommends switching to VerifyVersionInfo (available on Win 2k and later), however GetVersionEx
+is faster, for now we just disable the deprecation warning.
+See: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms724451(v=vs.85).aspx
+See: http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/678606/Part-Overcoming-Windows-s-deprecation-of-GetVe
+*/
+#pragma warning (disable : 4996) /* use of GetVersionEx */
+
+    OSVERSIONINFO osvi;
+    osvi.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof( osvi );
+    GetVersionEx( &osvi );
+
+    /* Check for NT */
+    if( (osvi.dwMajorVersion == 4) && (osvi.dwPlatformId == 2) )
+    {
+        *defaultLowLatency = PA_MME_WIN_NT_DEFAULT_LATENCY_;
+    }
+    else if(osvi.dwMajorVersion >= 5)
+    {
+        *defaultLowLatency = PA_MME_WIN_WDM_DEFAULT_LATENCY_;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        *defaultLowLatency = PA_MME_WIN_9X_DEFAULT_LATENCY_;
+    }
+
+    *defaultHighLatency = *defaultLowLatency * 2;
+
+#pragma warning (default : 4996)
+}
+
+
+PaError PaWinMme_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex hostApiIndex )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    int i;
+    PaWinMmeHostApiRepresentation *winMmeHostApi;
+    int inputDeviceCount, outputDeviceCount, maximumPossibleDeviceCount;
+    PaWinMmeDeviceInfo *deviceInfoArray;
+    int deviceInfoInitializationSucceeded;
+    PaTime defaultLowLatency, defaultHighLatency;
+    DWORD waveInPreferredDevice, waveOutPreferredDevice;
+    DWORD preferredDeviceStatusFlags;
+
+    winMmeHostApi = (PaWinMmeHostApiRepresentation*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaWinMmeHostApiRepresentation) );
+    if( !winMmeHostApi )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    winMmeHostApi->allocations = PaUtil_CreateAllocationGroup();
+    if( !winMmeHostApi->allocations )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    *hostApi = &winMmeHostApi->inheritedHostApiRep;
+    (*hostApi)->info.structVersion = 1;
+    (*hostApi)->info.type = paMME;
+    (*hostApi)->info.name = "MME";
+
+
+    /* initialise device counts and default devices under the assumption that
+        there are no devices. These values are incremented below if and when
+        devices are successfully initialized.
+    */
+    (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount = 0;
+    (*hostApi)->info.defaultInputDevice = paNoDevice;
+    (*hostApi)->info.defaultOutputDevice = paNoDevice;
+    winMmeHostApi->inputDeviceCount = 0;
+    winMmeHostApi->outputDeviceCount = 0;
+
+#if !defined(DRVM_MAPPER_PREFERRED_GET)
+/* DRVM_MAPPER_PREFERRED_GET is defined in mmddk.h but we avoid a dependency on the DDK by defining it here */
+#define DRVM_MAPPER_PREFERRED_GET    (0x2000+21)
+#endif
+
+    /* the following calls assume that if wave*Message fails the preferred device parameter won't be modified */
+    preferredDeviceStatusFlags = 0;
+    waveInPreferredDevice = -1;
+    waveInMessage( (HWAVEIN)((UINT_PTR)WAVE_MAPPER), DRVM_MAPPER_PREFERRED_GET, (DWORD_PTR)&waveInPreferredDevice, (DWORD_PTR)&preferredDeviceStatusFlags );
+
+    preferredDeviceStatusFlags = 0;
+    waveOutPreferredDevice = -1;
+    waveOutMessage( (HWAVEOUT)((UINT_PTR)WAVE_MAPPER), DRVM_MAPPER_PREFERRED_GET, (DWORD_PTR)&waveOutPreferredDevice, (DWORD_PTR)&preferredDeviceStatusFlags );
+
+    maximumPossibleDeviceCount = 0;
+
+    inputDeviceCount = waveInGetNumDevs();
+    if( inputDeviceCount > 0 )
+        maximumPossibleDeviceCount += inputDeviceCount + 1;     /* assume there is a WAVE_MAPPER */
+
+    outputDeviceCount = waveOutGetNumDevs();
+    if( outputDeviceCount > 0 )
+        maximumPossibleDeviceCount += outputDeviceCount + 1;    /* assume there is a WAVE_MAPPER */
+
+
+    if( maximumPossibleDeviceCount > 0 ){
+
+        (*hostApi)->deviceInfos = (PaDeviceInfo**)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                winMmeHostApi->allocations, sizeof(PaDeviceInfo*) * maximumPossibleDeviceCount );
+        if( !(*hostApi)->deviceInfos )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* allocate all device info structs in a contiguous block */
+        deviceInfoArray = (PaWinMmeDeviceInfo*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                winMmeHostApi->allocations, sizeof(PaWinMmeDeviceInfo) * maximumPossibleDeviceCount );
+        if( !deviceInfoArray )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        winMmeHostApi->winMmeDeviceIds = (UINT*)PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory(
+                winMmeHostApi->allocations, sizeof(int) * maximumPossibleDeviceCount );
+        if( !winMmeHostApi->winMmeDeviceIds )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        GetDefaultLatencies( &defaultLowLatency, &defaultHighLatency );
+
+        if( inputDeviceCount > 0 ){
+            /* -1 is the WAVE_MAPPER */
+            for( i = -1; i < inputDeviceCount; ++i ){
+                UINT winMmeDeviceId = (UINT)((i==-1) ? WAVE_MAPPER : i);
+                PaWinMmeDeviceInfo *wmmeDeviceInfo = &deviceInfoArray[ (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount ];
+                PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo = &wmmeDeviceInfo->inheritedDeviceInfo;
+                deviceInfo->structVersion = 2;
+                deviceInfo->hostApi = hostApiIndex;
+
+                deviceInfo->maxInputChannels = 0;
+                wmmeDeviceInfo->deviceInputChannelCountIsKnown = 1;
+                deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels = 0;
+                wmmeDeviceInfo->deviceOutputChannelCountIsKnown = 1;
+
+                deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency = defaultLowLatency;
+                deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency = defaultLowLatency;
+                deviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency = defaultHighLatency;
+                deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency = defaultHighLatency;
+
+                result = InitializeInputDeviceInfo( winMmeHostApi, wmmeDeviceInfo,
+                        winMmeDeviceId, &deviceInfoInitializationSucceeded );
+                if( result != paNoError )
+                    goto error;
+
+                if( deviceInfoInitializationSucceeded ){
+                    if( (*hostApi)->info.defaultInputDevice == paNoDevice ){
+                        /* if there is currently no default device, use the first one available */
+                        (*hostApi)->info.defaultInputDevice = (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount;
+
+                    }else if( winMmeDeviceId == waveInPreferredDevice ){
+                        /* set the default device to the system preferred device */
+                        (*hostApi)->info.defaultInputDevice = (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount;
+                    }
+
+                    winMmeHostApi->winMmeDeviceIds[ (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount ] = winMmeDeviceId;
+                    (*hostApi)->deviceInfos[ (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount ] = deviceInfo;
+
+                    winMmeHostApi->inputDeviceCount++;
+                    (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount++;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if( outputDeviceCount > 0 ){
+            /* -1 is the WAVE_MAPPER */
+            for( i = -1; i < outputDeviceCount; ++i ){
+                UINT winMmeDeviceId = (UINT)((i==-1) ? WAVE_MAPPER : i);
+                PaWinMmeDeviceInfo *wmmeDeviceInfo = &deviceInfoArray[ (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount ];
+                PaDeviceInfo *deviceInfo = &wmmeDeviceInfo->inheritedDeviceInfo;
+                deviceInfo->structVersion = 2;
+                deviceInfo->hostApi = hostApiIndex;
+
+                deviceInfo->maxInputChannels = 0;
+                wmmeDeviceInfo->deviceInputChannelCountIsKnown = 1;
+                deviceInfo->maxOutputChannels = 0;
+                wmmeDeviceInfo->deviceOutputChannelCountIsKnown = 1;
+
+                deviceInfo->defaultLowInputLatency = defaultLowLatency;
+                deviceInfo->defaultLowOutputLatency = defaultLowLatency;
+                deviceInfo->defaultHighInputLatency = defaultHighLatency;
+                deviceInfo->defaultHighOutputLatency = defaultHighLatency;
+
+                result = InitializeOutputDeviceInfo( winMmeHostApi, wmmeDeviceInfo,
+                        winMmeDeviceId, &deviceInfoInitializationSucceeded );
+                if( result != paNoError )
+                    goto error;
+
+                if( deviceInfoInitializationSucceeded ){
+                    if( (*hostApi)->info.defaultOutputDevice == paNoDevice ){
+                        /* if there is currently no default device, use the first one available */
+                        (*hostApi)->info.defaultOutputDevice = (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount;
+
+                    }else if( winMmeDeviceId == waveOutPreferredDevice ){
+                        /* set the default device to the system preferred device */
+                        (*hostApi)->info.defaultOutputDevice = (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount;
+                    }
+
+                    winMmeHostApi->winMmeDeviceIds[ (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount ] = winMmeDeviceId;
+                    (*hostApi)->deviceInfos[ (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount ] = deviceInfo;
+
+                    winMmeHostApi->outputDeviceCount++;
+                    (*hostApi)->info.deviceCount++;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    InitializeDefaultDeviceIdsFromEnv( winMmeHostApi );
+
+    (*hostApi)->Terminate = Terminate;
+    (*hostApi)->OpenStream = OpenStream;
+    (*hostApi)->IsFormatSupported = IsFormatSupported;
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( &winMmeHostApi->callbackStreamInterface, CloseStream, StartStream,
+                                      StopStream, AbortStream, IsStreamStopped, IsStreamActive,
+                                      GetStreamTime, GetStreamCpuLoad,
+                                      PaUtil_DummyRead, PaUtil_DummyWrite,
+                                      PaUtil_DummyGetReadAvailable, PaUtil_DummyGetWriteAvailable );
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( &winMmeHostApi->blockingStreamInterface, CloseStream, StartStream,
+                                      StopStream, AbortStream, IsStreamStopped, IsStreamActive,
+                                      GetStreamTime, PaUtil_DummyGetCpuLoad,
+                                      ReadStream, WriteStream, GetStreamReadAvailable, GetStreamWriteAvailable );
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    if( winMmeHostApi )
+    {
+        if( winMmeHostApi->allocations )
+        {
+            PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations( winMmeHostApi->allocations );
+            PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup( winMmeHostApi->allocations );
+        }
+
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( winMmeHostApi );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static void Terminate( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi )
+{
+    PaWinMmeHostApiRepresentation *winMmeHostApi = (PaWinMmeHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+
+    if( winMmeHostApi->allocations )
+    {
+        PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations( winMmeHostApi->allocations );
+        PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup( winMmeHostApi->allocations );
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( winMmeHostApi );
+}
+
+
+static PaError IsInputChannelCountSupported( PaWinMmeDeviceInfo* deviceInfo, int channelCount )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    if( channelCount > 0
+            && deviceInfo->deviceInputChannelCountIsKnown
+            && channelCount > deviceInfo->inheritedDeviceInfo.maxInputChannels ){
+
+        result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError IsOutputChannelCountSupported( PaWinMmeDeviceInfo* deviceInfo, int channelCount )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    if( channelCount > 0
+            && deviceInfo->deviceOutputChannelCountIsKnown
+            && channelCount > deviceInfo->inheritedDeviceInfo.maxOutputChannels ){
+
+        result = paInvalidChannelCount;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError IsFormatSupported( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                  double sampleRate )
+{
+    PaWinMmeHostApiRepresentation *winMmeHostApi = (PaWinMmeHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    PaDeviceInfo *inputDeviceInfo, *outputDeviceInfo;
+    int inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount;
+    int inputMultipleDeviceChannelCount, outputMultipleDeviceChannelCount;
+    PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat, outputSampleFormat;
+    PaWinMmeStreamInfo *inputStreamInfo, *outputStreamInfo;
+    UINT winMmeInputDeviceId, winMmeOutputDeviceId;
+    unsigned int i;
+    PaError paerror;
+
+    /* The calls to QueryFormatSupported below are intended to detect invalid
+        sample rates. If we assume that the channel count and format are OK,
+        then the only thing that could fail is the sample rate. This isn't
+        strictly true, but I can't think of a better way to test that the
+        sample rate is valid.
+    */
+
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = inputParameters->channelCount;
+        inputSampleFormat = inputParameters->sampleFormat;
+        inputStreamInfo = inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+
+        /* all standard sample formats are supported by the buffer adapter,
+             this implementation doesn't support any custom sample formats */
+        if( inputSampleFormat & paCustomFormat )
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+        if( inputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification
+                && inputStreamInfo && (inputStreamInfo->flags & paWinMmeUseMultipleDevices) )
+        {
+            inputMultipleDeviceChannelCount = 0;
+            for( i=0; i< inputStreamInfo->deviceCount; ++i )
+            {
+                inputMultipleDeviceChannelCount += inputStreamInfo->devices[i].channelCount;
+
+                inputDeviceInfo = hostApi->deviceInfos[ inputStreamInfo->devices[i].device ];
+
+                /* check that input device can support inputChannelCount */
+                if( inputStreamInfo->devices[i].channelCount < 1 )
+                    return paInvalidChannelCount;
+
+                paerror = IsInputChannelCountSupported( (PaWinMmeDeviceInfo*)inputDeviceInfo,
+                        inputStreamInfo->devices[i].channelCount );
+                if( paerror != paNoError )
+                    return paerror;
+
+                /* test for valid sample rate, see comment above */
+                winMmeInputDeviceId = LocalDeviceIndexToWinMmeDeviceId( winMmeHostApi, inputStreamInfo->devices[i].device );
+                paerror = QueryFormatSupported( inputDeviceInfo, QueryInputWaveFormatEx,
+                        winMmeInputDeviceId, inputStreamInfo->devices[i].channelCount, sampleRate,
+                        ((inputStreamInfo) ? inputStreamInfo->flags : 0) );
+                if( paerror != paNoError )
+                    return paInvalidSampleRate;
+            }
+
+            if( inputMultipleDeviceChannelCount != inputChannelCount )
+                return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if( inputStreamInfo && (inputStreamInfo->flags & paWinMmeUseMultipleDevices) )
+                return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo; /* paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification was not supplied as the input device */
+
+            inputDeviceInfo = hostApi->deviceInfos[ inputParameters->device ];
+
+            /* check that input device can support inputChannelCount */
+            paerror = IsInputChannelCountSupported( (PaWinMmeDeviceInfo*)inputDeviceInfo, inputChannelCount );
+            if( paerror != paNoError )
+                return paerror;
+
+            /* test for valid sample rate, see comment above */
+            winMmeInputDeviceId = LocalDeviceIndexToWinMmeDeviceId( winMmeHostApi, inputParameters->device );
+            paerror = QueryFormatSupported( inputDeviceInfo, QueryInputWaveFormatEx,
+                    winMmeInputDeviceId, inputChannelCount, sampleRate,
+                    ((inputStreamInfo) ? inputStreamInfo->flags : 0) );
+            if( paerror != paNoError )
+                return paInvalidSampleRate;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = outputParameters->channelCount;
+        outputSampleFormat = outputParameters->sampleFormat;
+        outputStreamInfo = outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+
+        /* all standard sample formats are supported by the buffer adapter,
+            this implementation doesn't support any custom sample formats */
+        if( outputSampleFormat & paCustomFormat )
+            return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+        if( outputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification
+                && outputStreamInfo && (outputStreamInfo->flags & paWinMmeUseMultipleDevices) )
+        {
+            outputMultipleDeviceChannelCount = 0;
+            for( i=0; i< outputStreamInfo->deviceCount; ++i )
+            {
+                outputMultipleDeviceChannelCount += outputStreamInfo->devices[i].channelCount;
+
+                outputDeviceInfo = hostApi->deviceInfos[ outputStreamInfo->devices[i].device ];
+
+                /* check that output device can support outputChannelCount */
+                if( outputStreamInfo->devices[i].channelCount < 1 )
+                    return paInvalidChannelCount;
+
+                paerror = IsOutputChannelCountSupported( (PaWinMmeDeviceInfo*)outputDeviceInfo,
+                        outputStreamInfo->devices[i].channelCount );
+                if( paerror != paNoError )
+                    return paerror;
+
+                /* test for valid sample rate, see comment above */
+                winMmeOutputDeviceId = LocalDeviceIndexToWinMmeDeviceId( winMmeHostApi, outputStreamInfo->devices[i].device );
+                paerror = QueryFormatSupported( outputDeviceInfo, QueryOutputWaveFormatEx,
+                        winMmeOutputDeviceId, outputStreamInfo->devices[i].channelCount, sampleRate,
+                        ((outputStreamInfo) ? outputStreamInfo->flags : 0) );
+                if( paerror != paNoError )
+                    return paInvalidSampleRate;
+            }
+
+            if( outputMultipleDeviceChannelCount != outputChannelCount )
+                return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if( outputStreamInfo && (outputStreamInfo->flags & paWinMmeUseMultipleDevices) )
+                return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo; /* paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification was not supplied as the output device */
+
+            outputDeviceInfo = hostApi->deviceInfos[ outputParameters->device ];
+
+            /* check that output device can support outputChannelCount */
+            paerror = IsOutputChannelCountSupported( (PaWinMmeDeviceInfo*)outputDeviceInfo, outputChannelCount );
+            if( paerror != paNoError )
+                return paerror;
+
+            /* test for valid sample rate, see comment above */
+            winMmeOutputDeviceId = LocalDeviceIndexToWinMmeDeviceId( winMmeHostApi, outputParameters->device );
+            paerror = QueryFormatSupported( outputDeviceInfo, QueryOutputWaveFormatEx,
+                    winMmeOutputDeviceId, outputChannelCount, sampleRate,
+                    ((outputStreamInfo) ? outputStreamInfo->flags : 0) );
+            if( paerror != paNoError )
+                return paInvalidSampleRate;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+        - if a full duplex stream is requested, check that the combination
+            of input and output parameters is supported
+
+        - check that the device supports sampleRate
+
+        for mme all we can do is test that the input and output devices
+        support the requested sample rate and number of channels. we
+        cannot test for full duplex compatibility.
+    */
+
+    return paFormatIsSupported;
+}
+
+
+static unsigned long ComputeHostBufferCountForFixedBufferSizeFrames(
+        unsigned long suggestedLatencyFrames,
+        unsigned long hostBufferSizeFrames,
+        unsigned long minimumBufferCount )
+{
+    /* Calculate the number of buffers of length hostFramesPerBuffer
+       that fit in suggestedLatencyFrames, rounding up to the next integer.
+
+       The value (hostBufferSizeFrames - 1) below is to ensure the buffer count is rounded up.
+    */
+    unsigned long resultBufferCount = ((suggestedLatencyFrames + (hostBufferSizeFrames - 1)) / hostBufferSizeFrames);
+
+    /* We always need one extra buffer for processing while the rest are queued/playing.
+       i.e. latency is framesPerBuffer * (bufferCount - 1)
+    */
+    resultBufferCount += 1;
+
+    if( resultBufferCount < minimumBufferCount ) /* clamp to minimum buffer count */
+        resultBufferCount = minimumBufferCount;
+
+    return resultBufferCount;
+}
+
+
+static unsigned long ComputeHostBufferSizeGivenHardUpperLimit(
+        unsigned long userFramesPerBuffer,
+        unsigned long absoluteMaximumBufferSizeFrames )
+{
+    static unsigned long primes_[] = { 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23,
+            29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 0 }; /* zero terminated */
+
+    unsigned long result = userFramesPerBuffer;
+    int i;
+
+    assert( absoluteMaximumBufferSizeFrames > 67 ); /* assume maximum is large and we're only factoring by small primes */
+
+    /* search for the largest integer factor of userFramesPerBuffer less
+       than or equal to absoluteMaximumBufferSizeFrames */
+
+    /* repeatedly divide by smallest prime factors until a buffer size
+       smaller than absoluteMaximumBufferSizeFrames is found */
+    while( result > absoluteMaximumBufferSizeFrames ){
+
+        /* search for the smallest prime factor of result */
+        for( i=0; primes_[i] != 0; ++i )
+        {
+            unsigned long p = primes_[i];
+            unsigned long divided = result / p;
+            if( divided*p == result )
+            {
+                result = divided;
+                break; /* continue with outer while loop */
+            }
+        }
+        if( primes_[i] == 0 )
+        { /* loop failed to find a prime factor, return an approximate result */
+            unsigned long d = (userFramesPerBuffer + (absoluteMaximumBufferSizeFrames-1))
+                    / absoluteMaximumBufferSizeFrames;
+            return userFramesPerBuffer / d;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError SelectHostBufferSizeFramesAndHostBufferCount(
+        unsigned long suggestedLatencyFrames,
+        unsigned long userFramesPerBuffer,
+        unsigned long minimumBufferCount,
+        unsigned long preferredMaximumBufferSizeFrames, /* try not to exceed this. for example, don't exceed when coalescing buffers */
+        unsigned long absoluteMaximumBufferSizeFrames,  /* never exceed this, a hard limit */
+        unsigned long *hostBufferSizeFrames,
+        unsigned long *hostBufferCount )
+{
+    unsigned long effectiveUserFramesPerBuffer;
+    unsigned long numberOfUserBuffersPerHostBuffer;
+
+
+    if( userFramesPerBuffer == paFramesPerBufferUnspecified ){
+
+        effectiveUserFramesPerBuffer = PA_MME_HOST_BUFFER_GRANULARITY_FRAMES_WHEN_UNSPECIFIED_;
+
+    }else{
+
+        if( userFramesPerBuffer > absoluteMaximumBufferSizeFrames ){
+
+            /* user has requested a user buffer that's larger than absoluteMaximumBufferSizeFrames.
+               try to choose a buffer size that is equal or smaller than absoluteMaximumBufferSizeFrames
+               but is also an integer factor of userFramesPerBuffer, so as to distribute computation evenly.
+               the buffer processor will handle the block adaption between host and user buffer sizes.
+               see http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/189 for discussion.
+            */
+
+            effectiveUserFramesPerBuffer = ComputeHostBufferSizeGivenHardUpperLimit( userFramesPerBuffer, absoluteMaximumBufferSizeFrames );
+            assert( effectiveUserFramesPerBuffer <= absoluteMaximumBufferSizeFrames );
+
+            /* try to ensure that duration of host buffering is at least as
+                large as duration of user buffer. */
+            if( suggestedLatencyFrames < userFramesPerBuffer )
+                suggestedLatencyFrames = userFramesPerBuffer;
+
+        }else{
+
+            effectiveUserFramesPerBuffer = userFramesPerBuffer;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* compute a host buffer count based on suggestedLatencyFrames and our granularity */
+
+    *hostBufferSizeFrames = effectiveUserFramesPerBuffer;
+
+    *hostBufferCount = ComputeHostBufferCountForFixedBufferSizeFrames(
+            suggestedLatencyFrames, *hostBufferSizeFrames, minimumBufferCount );
+
+    if( *hostBufferSizeFrames >= userFramesPerBuffer )
+    {
+        /*
+            If there are too many host buffers we would like to coalesce
+            them by packing an integer number of user buffers into each host buffer.
+            We try to coalesce such that hostBufferCount will lie between
+            PA_MME_TARGET_HOST_BUFFER_COUNT_ and (PA_MME_TARGET_HOST_BUFFER_COUNT_*2)-1.
+            We limit coalescing to avoid exceeding either absoluteMaximumBufferSizeFrames and
+            preferredMaximumBufferSizeFrames.
+
+            First, compute a coalescing factor: the number of user buffers per host buffer.
+            The goal is to achieve PA_MME_TARGET_HOST_BUFFER_COUNT_ total buffer count.
+            Since our latency is computed based on (*hostBufferCount - 1) we compute a
+            coalescing factor based on (*hostBufferCount - 1) and (PA_MME_TARGET_HOST_BUFFER_COUNT_-1).
+
+            The + (PA_MME_TARGET_HOST_BUFFER_COUNT_-2) term below is intended to round up.
+        */
+        numberOfUserBuffersPerHostBuffer = ((*hostBufferCount - 1) + (PA_MME_TARGET_HOST_BUFFER_COUNT_-2)) / (PA_MME_TARGET_HOST_BUFFER_COUNT_ - 1);
+
+        if( numberOfUserBuffersPerHostBuffer > 1 )
+        {
+            unsigned long maxCoalescedBufferSizeFrames = (absoluteMaximumBufferSizeFrames < preferredMaximumBufferSizeFrames) /* minimum of our limits */
+                            ? absoluteMaximumBufferSizeFrames
+                            : preferredMaximumBufferSizeFrames;
+
+            unsigned long maxUserBuffersPerHostBuffer = maxCoalescedBufferSizeFrames / effectiveUserFramesPerBuffer; /* don't coalesce more than this */
+
+            if( numberOfUserBuffersPerHostBuffer > maxUserBuffersPerHostBuffer )
+                numberOfUserBuffersPerHostBuffer = maxUserBuffersPerHostBuffer;
+
+            *hostBufferSizeFrames = effectiveUserFramesPerBuffer * numberOfUserBuffersPerHostBuffer;
+
+            /* recompute hostBufferCount to approximate suggestedLatencyFrames now that hostBufferSizeFrames is larger */
+            *hostBufferCount = ComputeHostBufferCountForFixedBufferSizeFrames(
+                    suggestedLatencyFrames, *hostBufferSizeFrames, minimumBufferCount );
+        }
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+
+static PaError CalculateMaxHostSampleFrameSizeBytes(
+        int channelCount,
+        PaSampleFormat hostSampleFormat,
+        const PaWinMmeStreamInfo *streamInfo,
+        int *hostSampleFrameSizeBytes )
+{
+    unsigned int i;
+    /* PA WMME streams may aggregate multiple WMME devices. When the stream addresses
+       more than one device in a single direction, maxDeviceChannelCount is the maximum
+       number of channels used by a single device.
+    */
+    int maxDeviceChannelCount = channelCount;
+    int hostSampleSizeBytes = Pa_GetSampleSize( hostSampleFormat );
+    if( hostSampleSizeBytes < 0 )
+    {
+        return hostSampleSizeBytes; /* the value of hostSampleSize here is an error code, not a sample size */
+    }
+
+    if( streamInfo && ( streamInfo->flags & paWinMmeUseMultipleDevices ) )
+    {
+        maxDeviceChannelCount = streamInfo->devices[0].channelCount;
+        for( i=1; i< streamInfo->deviceCount; ++i )
+        {
+            if( streamInfo->devices[i].channelCount > maxDeviceChannelCount )
+                maxDeviceChannelCount = streamInfo->devices[i].channelCount;
+        }
+    }
+
+    *hostSampleFrameSizeBytes = hostSampleSizeBytes * maxDeviceChannelCount;
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+
+/* CalculateBufferSettings() fills the framesPerHostInputBuffer, hostInputBufferCount,
+   framesPerHostOutputBuffer and hostOutputBufferCount parameters based on the values
+   of the other parameters.
+*/
+
+static PaError CalculateBufferSettings(
+        unsigned long *hostFramesPerInputBuffer, unsigned long *hostInputBufferCount,
+        unsigned long *hostFramesPerOutputBuffer, unsigned long *hostOutputBufferCount,
+        int inputChannelCount, PaSampleFormat hostInputSampleFormat,
+        PaTime suggestedInputLatency, const PaWinMmeStreamInfo *inputStreamInfo,
+        int outputChannelCount, PaSampleFormat hostOutputSampleFormat,
+        PaTime suggestedOutputLatency, const PaWinMmeStreamInfo *outputStreamInfo,
+        double sampleRate, unsigned long userFramesPerBuffer )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    if( inputChannelCount > 0 ) /* stream has input */
+    {
+        int hostInputFrameSizeBytes;
+        result = CalculateMaxHostSampleFrameSizeBytes(
+                inputChannelCount, hostInputSampleFormat, inputStreamInfo, &hostInputFrameSizeBytes );
+        if( result != paNoError )
+            goto error;
+
+        if( inputStreamInfo
+                && ( inputStreamInfo->flags & paWinMmeUseLowLevelLatencyParameters ) )
+        {
+            /* input - using low level latency parameters if provided */
+
+            if( inputStreamInfo->bufferCount <= 0
+                    || inputStreamInfo->framesPerBuffer <= 0 )
+            {
+                result = paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            *hostFramesPerInputBuffer = inputStreamInfo->framesPerBuffer;
+            *hostInputBufferCount = inputStreamInfo->bufferCount;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            /* input - not using low level latency parameters, so compute
+               hostFramesPerInputBuffer and hostInputBufferCount
+               based on userFramesPerBuffer and suggestedInputLatency. */
+
+            unsigned long minimumBufferCount = (outputChannelCount > 0)
+                    ? PA_MME_MIN_HOST_INPUT_BUFFER_COUNT_FULL_DUPLEX_
+                    : PA_MME_MIN_HOST_INPUT_BUFFER_COUNT_HALF_DUPLEX_;
+
+            result = SelectHostBufferSizeFramesAndHostBufferCount(
+                    (unsigned long)(suggestedInputLatency * sampleRate), /* (truncate) */
+                    userFramesPerBuffer,
+                    minimumBufferCount,
+                    (unsigned long)(PA_MME_MAX_HOST_BUFFER_SECS_ * sampleRate), /* in frames. preferred maximum */
+                    (PA_MME_MAX_HOST_BUFFER_BYTES_ / hostInputFrameSizeBytes),  /* in frames. a hard limit. note truncation due to
+                                                                                division is intentional here to limit max bytes */
+                    hostFramesPerInputBuffer,
+                    hostInputBufferCount );
+            if( result != paNoError )
+                goto error;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        *hostFramesPerInputBuffer = 0;
+        *hostInputBufferCount = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( outputChannelCount > 0 ) /* stream has output */
+    {
+        if( outputStreamInfo
+                && ( outputStreamInfo->flags & paWinMmeUseLowLevelLatencyParameters ) )
+        {
+            /* output - using low level latency parameters */
+
+            if( outputStreamInfo->bufferCount <= 0
+                    || outputStreamInfo->framesPerBuffer <= 0 )
+            {
+                result = paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+                goto error;
+            }
+
+            *hostFramesPerOutputBuffer = outputStreamInfo->framesPerBuffer;
+            *hostOutputBufferCount = outputStreamInfo->bufferCount;
+
+            if( inputChannelCount > 0 ) /* full duplex */
+            {
+                /* harmonize hostFramesPerInputBuffer and hostFramesPerOutputBuffer */
+
+                if( *hostFramesPerInputBuffer != *hostFramesPerOutputBuffer )
+                {
+                    if( inputStreamInfo
+                            && ( inputStreamInfo->flags & paWinMmeUseLowLevelLatencyParameters ) )
+                    {
+                        /* a custom StreamInfo was used for specifying both input
+                            and output buffer sizes. We require that the larger buffer size
+                            must be a multiple of the smaller buffer size */
+
+                        if( *hostFramesPerInputBuffer < *hostFramesPerOutputBuffer )
+                        {
+                            if( *hostFramesPerOutputBuffer % *hostFramesPerInputBuffer != 0 )
+                            {
+                                result = paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+                                goto error;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        else
+                        {
+                            assert( *hostFramesPerInputBuffer > *hostFramesPerOutputBuffer );
+                            if( *hostFramesPerInputBuffer % *hostFramesPerOutputBuffer != 0 )
+                            {
+                                result = paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+                                goto error;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        /* a custom StreamInfo was not used for specifying the input buffer size,
+                            so use the output buffer size, and approximately the suggested input latency. */
+
+                        *hostFramesPerInputBuffer = *hostFramesPerOutputBuffer;
+
+                        *hostInputBufferCount = ComputeHostBufferCountForFixedBufferSizeFrames(
+                                (unsigned long)(suggestedInputLatency * sampleRate),
+                                *hostFramesPerInputBuffer,
+                                PA_MME_MIN_HOST_INPUT_BUFFER_COUNT_FULL_DUPLEX_ );
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            /* output - no low level latency parameters, so compute hostFramesPerOutputBuffer and hostOutputBufferCount
+                based on userFramesPerBuffer and suggestedOutputLatency. */
+
+            int hostOutputFrameSizeBytes;
+            result = CalculateMaxHostSampleFrameSizeBytes(
+                    outputChannelCount, hostOutputSampleFormat, outputStreamInfo, &hostOutputFrameSizeBytes );
+            if( result != paNoError )
+                goto error;
+
+            /* compute the output buffer size and count */
+
+            result = SelectHostBufferSizeFramesAndHostBufferCount(
+                    (unsigned long)(suggestedOutputLatency * sampleRate), /* (truncate) */
+                    userFramesPerBuffer,
+                    PA_MME_MIN_HOST_OUTPUT_BUFFER_COUNT_,
+                    (unsigned long)(PA_MME_MAX_HOST_BUFFER_SECS_ * sampleRate), /* in frames. preferred maximum */
+                    (PA_MME_MAX_HOST_BUFFER_BYTES_ / hostOutputFrameSizeBytes), /* in frames. a hard limit. note truncation due to
+                                                                                 division is intentional here to limit max bytes */
+                    hostFramesPerOutputBuffer,
+                    hostOutputBufferCount );
+            if( result != paNoError )
+                goto error;
+
+            if( inputChannelCount > 0 ) /* full duplex */
+            {
+                /* harmonize hostFramesPerInputBuffer and hostFramesPerOutputBuffer */
+
+                /* ensure that both input and output buffer sizes are the same.
+                    if they don't match at this stage, choose the smallest one
+                    and use that for input and output and recompute the corresponding
+                    buffer count accordingly.
+                */
+
+                if( *hostFramesPerOutputBuffer != *hostFramesPerInputBuffer )
+                {
+                    if( *hostFramesPerInputBuffer < *hostFramesPerOutputBuffer )
+                    {
+                        *hostFramesPerOutputBuffer = *hostFramesPerInputBuffer;
+
+                        *hostOutputBufferCount = ComputeHostBufferCountForFixedBufferSizeFrames(
+                                (unsigned long)(suggestedOutputLatency * sampleRate),
+                                *hostOutputBufferCount,
+                                PA_MME_MIN_HOST_OUTPUT_BUFFER_COUNT_ );
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        *hostFramesPerInputBuffer = *hostFramesPerOutputBuffer;
+
+                        *hostInputBufferCount = ComputeHostBufferCountForFixedBufferSizeFrames(
+                                (unsigned long)(suggestedInputLatency * sampleRate),
+                                *hostFramesPerInputBuffer,
+                                PA_MME_MIN_HOST_INPUT_BUFFER_COUNT_FULL_DUPLEX_ );
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        *hostFramesPerOutputBuffer = 0;
+        *hostOutputBufferCount = 0;
+    }
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    HANDLE bufferEvent;
+    void *waveHandles;
+    unsigned int deviceCount;
+    /* unsigned int channelCount; */
+    WAVEHDR **waveHeaders;                  /* waveHeaders[device][buffer] */
+    unsigned int bufferCount;
+    unsigned int currentBufferIndex;
+    unsigned int framesPerBuffer;
+    unsigned int framesUsedInCurrentBuffer;
+}PaWinMmeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers;
+
+/* prototypes for functions operating on PaWinMmeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers */
+
+static void InitializeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers( PaWinMmeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers *handlesAndBuffers );
+static PaError InitializeWaveHandles( PaWinMmeHostApiRepresentation *winMmeHostApi,
+        PaWinMmeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers *handlesAndBuffers,
+        unsigned long winMmeSpecificFlags,
+        unsigned long bytesPerHostSample,
+        double sampleRate, PaWinMmeDeviceAndChannelCount *devices,
+        unsigned int deviceCount, PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask channelMask, int isInput );
+static PaError TerminateWaveHandles( PaWinMmeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers *handlesAndBuffers, int isInput, int currentlyProcessingAnError );
+static PaError InitializeWaveHeaders( PaWinMmeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers *handlesAndBuffers,
+        unsigned long hostBufferCount,
+        PaSampleFormat hostSampleFormat,
+        unsigned long framesPerHostBuffer,
+        PaWinMmeDeviceAndChannelCount *devices,
+        int isInput );
+static void TerminateWaveHeaders( PaWinMmeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers *handlesAndBuffers, int isInput );
+
+
+static void InitializeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers( PaWinMmeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers *handlesAndBuffers )
+{
+    handlesAndBuffers->bufferEvent = 0;
+    handlesAndBuffers->waveHandles = 0;
+    handlesAndBuffers->deviceCount = 0;
+    handlesAndBuffers->waveHeaders = 0;
+    handlesAndBuffers->bufferCount = 0;
+}
+
+static PaError InitializeWaveHandles( PaWinMmeHostApiRepresentation *winMmeHostApi,
+        PaWinMmeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers *handlesAndBuffers,
+        unsigned long winMmeSpecificFlags,
+        unsigned long bytesPerHostSample,
+        double sampleRate, PaWinMmeDeviceAndChannelCount *devices,
+        unsigned int deviceCount, PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask channelMask, int isInput )
+{
+    PaError result;
+    MMRESULT mmresult;
+    signed int i, j;
+    PaSampleFormat sampleFormat;
+    int waveFormatTag;
+
+    /* for error cleanup we expect that InitializeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers()
+        has already been called to zero some fields */
+
+    result = CreateEventWithPaError( &handlesAndBuffers->bufferEvent, NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL );
+    if( result != paNoError ) goto error;
+
+    if( isInput )
+        handlesAndBuffers->waveHandles = (void*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(HWAVEIN) * deviceCount );
+    else
+        handlesAndBuffers->waveHandles = (void*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(HWAVEOUT) * deviceCount );
+    if( !handlesAndBuffers->waveHandles )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    handlesAndBuffers->deviceCount = deviceCount;
+
+    for( i = 0; i < (signed int)deviceCount; ++i )
+    {
+        if( isInput )
+            ((HWAVEIN*)handlesAndBuffers->waveHandles)[i] = 0;
+        else
+            ((HWAVEOUT*)handlesAndBuffers->waveHandles)[i] = 0;
+    }
+
+    /* @todo at the moment we only use 16 bit sample format */
+    sampleFormat = paInt16;
+    waveFormatTag = SampleFormatAndWinWmmeSpecificFlagsToLinearWaveFormatTag( sampleFormat, winMmeSpecificFlags );
+
+    for( i = 0; i < (signed int)deviceCount; ++i )
+    {
+        PaWinWaveFormat waveFormat;
+        UINT winMmeDeviceId = LocalDeviceIndexToWinMmeDeviceId( winMmeHostApi, devices[i].device );
+
+        /* @todo: consider providing a flag or #define to not try waveformat extensible
+           this could just initialize j to 1 the first time round. */
+
+        for( j = 0; j < 2; ++j )
+        {
+            switch(j){
+                case 0:
+                    /* first, attempt to open the device using WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE,
+                        if this fails we fall back to WAVEFORMATEX */
+
+                    PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatExtensible( &waveFormat, devices[i].channelCount,
+                            sampleFormat, waveFormatTag, sampleRate, channelMask );
+                    break;
+
+                case 1:
+                    /* retry with WAVEFORMATEX */
+
+                    PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatEx( &waveFormat, devices[i].channelCount,
+                            sampleFormat, waveFormatTag, sampleRate );
+                    break;
+            }
+
+            /* REVIEW: consider not firing an event for input when a full duplex
+                stream is being used. this would probably depend on the
+                neverDropInput flag. */
+
+            if( isInput )
+            {
+                mmresult = waveInOpen( &((HWAVEIN*)handlesAndBuffers->waveHandles)[i], winMmeDeviceId,
+                                    (WAVEFORMATEX*)&waveFormat,
+                               (DWORD_PTR)handlesAndBuffers->bufferEvent, (DWORD_PTR)0, CALLBACK_EVENT );
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                mmresult = waveOutOpen( &((HWAVEOUT*)handlesAndBuffers->waveHandles)[i], winMmeDeviceId,
+                                    (WAVEFORMATEX*)&waveFormat,
+                                (DWORD_PTR)handlesAndBuffers->bufferEvent, (DWORD_PTR)0, CALLBACK_EVENT );
+            }
+
+            if( mmresult == MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+            {
+                break; /* success */
+            }
+            else if( j == 0 )
+            {
+                continue; /* try again with WAVEFORMATEX */
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                switch( mmresult )
+                {
+                    case MMSYSERR_ALLOCATED:    /* Specified resource is already allocated. */
+                        result = paDeviceUnavailable;
+                        break;
+                    case MMSYSERR_NODRIVER:     /* No device driver is present. */
+                        result = paDeviceUnavailable;
+                        break;
+                    case MMSYSERR_NOMEM:        /* Unable to allocate or lock memory. */
+                        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                        break;
+
+                    case MMSYSERR_BADDEVICEID:  /* Specified device identifier is out of range. */
+                        /* falls through */
+
+                    case WAVERR_BADFORMAT:      /* Attempted to open with an unsupported waveform-audio format. */
+                                                    /* This can also occur if we try to open the device with an unsupported
+                                                     * number of channels. This is attempted when device*ChannelCountIsKnown is
+                                                     * set to 0.
+                                                     */
+                        /* falls through */
+                    default:
+                        result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                        if( isInput )
+                        {
+                            PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEIN_ERROR( mmresult );
+                        }
+                        else
+                        {
+                            PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEOUT_ERROR( mmresult );
+                        }
+                }
+                goto error;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    TerminateWaveHandles( handlesAndBuffers, isInput, 1 /* currentlyProcessingAnError */ );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError TerminateWaveHandles( PaWinMmeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers *handlesAndBuffers, int isInput, int currentlyProcessingAnError )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    MMRESULT mmresult;
+    signed int i;
+
+    if( handlesAndBuffers->waveHandles )
+    {
+        for( i = handlesAndBuffers->deviceCount-1; i >= 0; --i )
+        {
+            if( isInput )
+            {
+                if( ((HWAVEIN*)handlesAndBuffers->waveHandles)[i] )
+                    mmresult = waveInClose( ((HWAVEIN*)handlesAndBuffers->waveHandles)[i] );
+                else
+                    mmresult = MMSYSERR_NOERROR;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                if( ((HWAVEOUT*)handlesAndBuffers->waveHandles)[i] )
+                    mmresult = waveOutClose( ((HWAVEOUT*)handlesAndBuffers->waveHandles)[i] );
+                else
+                    mmresult = MMSYSERR_NOERROR;
+            }
+
+            if( mmresult != MMSYSERR_NOERROR &&
+                !currentlyProcessingAnError ) /* don't update the error state if we're already processing an error */
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                if( isInput )
+                {
+                    PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEIN_ERROR( mmresult );
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEOUT_ERROR( mmresult );
+                }
+                /* note that we don't break here, we try to continue closing devices */
+            }
+        }
+
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( handlesAndBuffers->waveHandles );
+        handlesAndBuffers->waveHandles = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( handlesAndBuffers->bufferEvent )
+    {
+        result = CloseHandleWithPaError( handlesAndBuffers->bufferEvent );
+        handlesAndBuffers->bufferEvent = 0;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError InitializeWaveHeaders( PaWinMmeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers *handlesAndBuffers,
+        unsigned long hostBufferCount,
+        PaSampleFormat hostSampleFormat,
+        unsigned long framesPerHostBuffer,
+        PaWinMmeDeviceAndChannelCount *devices,
+        int isInput )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    MMRESULT mmresult;
+    WAVEHDR *deviceWaveHeaders;
+    signed int i, j;
+
+    /* for error cleanup we expect that InitializeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers()
+        has already been called to zero some fields */
+
+
+    /* allocate an array of pointers to arrays of wave headers, one array of
+        wave headers per device */
+    handlesAndBuffers->waveHeaders = (WAVEHDR**)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(WAVEHDR*) * handlesAndBuffers->deviceCount );
+    if( !handlesAndBuffers->waveHeaders )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    for( i = 0; i < (signed int)handlesAndBuffers->deviceCount; ++i )
+        handlesAndBuffers->waveHeaders[i] = 0;
+
+    handlesAndBuffers->bufferCount = hostBufferCount;
+
+    for( i = 0; i < (signed int)handlesAndBuffers->deviceCount; ++i )
+    {
+        int bufferBytes = Pa_GetSampleSize( hostSampleFormat ) *
+                framesPerHostBuffer * devices[i].channelCount;
+        if( bufferBytes < 0 )
+        {
+            result = paInternalError;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* Allocate an array of wave headers for device i */
+        deviceWaveHeaders = (WAVEHDR *) PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(WAVEHDR)*hostBufferCount );
+        if( !deviceWaveHeaders )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        for( j=0; j < (signed int)hostBufferCount; ++j )
+            deviceWaveHeaders[j].lpData = 0;
+
+        handlesAndBuffers->waveHeaders[i] = deviceWaveHeaders;
+
+        /* Allocate a buffer for each wave header */
+        for( j=0; j < (signed int)hostBufferCount; ++j )
+        {
+            deviceWaveHeaders[j].lpData = (char *)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( bufferBytes );
+            if( !deviceWaveHeaders[j].lpData )
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                goto error;
+            }
+            deviceWaveHeaders[j].dwBufferLength = bufferBytes;
+            deviceWaveHeaders[j].dwUser = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* indicates that *PrepareHeader() has not yet been called, for error clean up code */
+
+            if( isInput )
+            {
+                mmresult = waveInPrepareHeader( ((HWAVEIN*)handlesAndBuffers->waveHandles)[i], &deviceWaveHeaders[j], sizeof(WAVEHDR) );
+                if( mmresult != MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+                {
+                    result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                    PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEIN_ERROR( mmresult );
+                    goto error;
+                }
+            }
+            else /* output */
+            {
+                mmresult = waveOutPrepareHeader( ((HWAVEOUT*)handlesAndBuffers->waveHandles)[i], &deviceWaveHeaders[j], sizeof(WAVEHDR) );
+                if( mmresult != MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+                {
+                    result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                    PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEIN_ERROR( mmresult );
+                    goto error;
+                }
+            }
+            deviceWaveHeaders[j].dwUser = devices[i].channelCount;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    TerminateWaveHeaders( handlesAndBuffers, isInput );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static void TerminateWaveHeaders( PaWinMmeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers *handlesAndBuffers, int isInput )
+{
+    signed int i, j;
+    WAVEHDR *deviceWaveHeaders;
+
+    if( handlesAndBuffers->waveHeaders )
+    {
+        for( i = handlesAndBuffers->deviceCount-1; i >= 0 ; --i )
+        {
+            deviceWaveHeaders = handlesAndBuffers->waveHeaders[i];  /* wave headers for device i */
+            if( deviceWaveHeaders )
+            {
+                for( j = handlesAndBuffers->bufferCount-1; j >= 0; --j )
+                {
+                    if( deviceWaveHeaders[j].lpData )
+                    {
+                        if( deviceWaveHeaders[j].dwUser != 0xFFFFFFFF )
+                        {
+                            if( isInput )
+                                waveInUnprepareHeader( ((HWAVEIN*)handlesAndBuffers->waveHandles)[i], &deviceWaveHeaders[j], sizeof(WAVEHDR) );
+                            else
+                                waveOutUnprepareHeader( ((HWAVEOUT*)handlesAndBuffers->waveHandles)[i], &deviceWaveHeaders[j], sizeof(WAVEHDR) );
+                        }
+
+                        PaUtil_FreeMemory( deviceWaveHeaders[j].lpData );
+                    }
+                }
+
+                PaUtil_FreeMemory( deviceWaveHeaders );
+            }
+        }
+
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( handlesAndBuffers->waveHeaders );
+        handlesAndBuffers->waveHeaders = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+
+
+/* PaWinMmeStream - a stream data structure specifically for this implementation */
+/* note that struct PaWinMmeStream is typedeffed to PaWinMmeStream above. */
+struct PaWinMmeStream
+{
+    PaUtilStreamRepresentation streamRepresentation;
+    PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer cpuLoadMeasurer;
+    PaUtilBufferProcessor bufferProcessor;
+
+    int primeStreamUsingCallback;
+
+    PaWinMmeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers input;
+    PaWinMmeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers output;
+
+    /* Processing thread management -------------- */
+    HANDLE abortEvent;
+    HANDLE processingThread;
+    PA_THREAD_ID processingThreadId;
+
+    char throttleProcessingThreadOnOverload;    /* 0 -> don't throttle, non-0 -> throttle */
+    int processingThreadPriority;
+    int highThreadPriority;
+    int throttledThreadPriority;
+    unsigned long throttledSleepMsecs;
+
+    int isStopped;
+    volatile int isActive;
+    volatile int stopProcessing;    /* stop thread once existing buffers have been returned */
+    volatile int abortProcessing;   /* stop thread immediately */
+
+    DWORD allBuffersDurationMs;     /* used to calculate timeouts */
+};
+
+/* updates deviceCount if PaWinMmeUseMultipleDevices is used */
+
+static PaError ValidateWinMmeSpecificStreamInfo(
+        const PaStreamParameters *streamParameters,
+        const PaWinMmeStreamInfo *streamInfo,
+        unsigned long *winMmeSpecificFlags,
+        char *throttleProcessingThreadOnOverload,
+        unsigned long *deviceCount )
+{
+    if( streamInfo )
+    {
+        if( streamInfo->size != sizeof( PaWinMmeStreamInfo )
+                || streamInfo->version != 1 )
+        {
+            return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        }
+
+        *winMmeSpecificFlags = streamInfo->flags;
+
+        if( streamInfo->flags & paWinMmeDontThrottleOverloadedProcessingThread )
+            *throttleProcessingThreadOnOverload = 0;
+
+        if( streamInfo->flags & paWinMmeUseMultipleDevices )
+        {
+            if( streamParameters->device != paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+                return paInvalidDevice;
+
+            *deviceCount = streamInfo->deviceCount;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+static PaError RetrieveDevicesFromStreamParameters(
+        struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+        const PaStreamParameters *streamParameters,
+        const PaWinMmeStreamInfo *streamInfo,
+        PaWinMmeDeviceAndChannelCount *devices,
+        unsigned long deviceCount )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    unsigned int i;
+    int totalChannelCount;
+    PaDeviceIndex hostApiDevice;
+
+    if( streamInfo && streamInfo->flags & paWinMmeUseMultipleDevices )
+    {
+        totalChannelCount = 0;
+        for( i=0; i < deviceCount; ++i )
+        {
+            /* validate that the device number is within range */
+            result = PaUtil_DeviceIndexToHostApiDeviceIndex( &hostApiDevice,
+                            streamInfo->devices[i].device, hostApi );
+            if( result != paNoError )
+                return result;
+
+            devices[i].device = hostApiDevice;
+            devices[i].channelCount = streamInfo->devices[i].channelCount;
+
+            totalChannelCount += devices[i].channelCount;
+        }
+
+        if( totalChannelCount != streamParameters->channelCount )
+        {
+            /* channelCount must match total channels specified by multiple devices */
+            return paInvalidChannelCount; /* REVIEW use of this error code */
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        devices[0].device = streamParameters->device;
+        devices[0].channelCount = streamParameters->channelCount;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static PaError ValidateInputChannelCounts(
+        struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+        PaWinMmeDeviceAndChannelCount *devices,
+        unsigned long deviceCount )
+{
+    unsigned int i;
+    PaWinMmeDeviceInfo *inputDeviceInfo;
+    PaError paerror;
+
+    for( i=0; i < deviceCount; ++i )
+    {
+        if( devices[i].channelCount < 1 )
+            return paInvalidChannelCount;
+
+        inputDeviceInfo =
+                (PaWinMmeDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[ devices[i].device ];
+
+        paerror = IsInputChannelCountSupported( inputDeviceInfo, devices[i].channelCount );
+        if( paerror != paNoError )
+            return paerror;
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+static PaError ValidateOutputChannelCounts(
+        struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+        PaWinMmeDeviceAndChannelCount *devices,
+        unsigned long deviceCount )
+{
+    unsigned int i;
+    PaWinMmeDeviceInfo *outputDeviceInfo;
+    PaError paerror;
+
+    for( i=0; i < deviceCount; ++i )
+    {
+        if( devices[i].channelCount < 1 )
+            return paInvalidChannelCount;
+
+        outputDeviceInfo =
+                (PaWinMmeDeviceInfo*)hostApi->deviceInfos[ devices[i].device ];
+
+        paerror = IsOutputChannelCountSupported( outputDeviceInfo, devices[i].channelCount );
+        if( paerror != paNoError )
+            return paerror;
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+
+/* the following macros are intended to improve the readability of the following code */
+#define PA_IS_INPUT_STREAM_( stream ) ( stream ->input.waveHandles )
+#define PA_IS_OUTPUT_STREAM_( stream ) ( stream ->output.waveHandles )
+#define PA_IS_FULL_DUPLEX_STREAM_( stream ) ( stream ->input.waveHandles && stream ->output.waveHandles )
+#define PA_IS_HALF_DUPLEX_STREAM_( stream ) ( !(stream ->input.waveHandles && stream ->output.waveHandles) )
+
+static PaError OpenStream( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                           PaStream** s,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                           double sampleRate,
+                           unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                           PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                           PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                           void *userData )
+{
+    PaError result;
+    PaWinMmeHostApiRepresentation *winMmeHostApi = (PaWinMmeHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+    PaWinMmeStream *stream = 0;
+    int bufferProcessorIsInitialized = 0;
+    int streamRepresentationIsInitialized = 0;
+    PaSampleFormat hostInputSampleFormat, hostOutputSampleFormat;
+    int inputChannelCount, outputChannelCount;
+    PaSampleFormat inputSampleFormat, outputSampleFormat;
+    double suggestedInputLatency, suggestedOutputLatency;
+    PaWinMmeStreamInfo *inputStreamInfo, *outputStreamInfo;
+    PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask inputChannelMask, outputChannelMask;
+    unsigned long framesPerHostInputBuffer;
+    unsigned long hostInputBufferCount;
+    unsigned long framesPerHostOutputBuffer;
+    unsigned long hostOutputBufferCount;
+    unsigned long framesPerBufferProcessorCall;
+    PaWinMmeDeviceAndChannelCount *inputDevices = 0;    /* contains all devices and channel counts as local host api ids, even when PaWinMmeUseMultipleDevices is not used */
+    unsigned long winMmeSpecificInputFlags = 0;
+    unsigned long inputDeviceCount = 0;
+    PaWinMmeDeviceAndChannelCount *outputDevices = 0;
+    unsigned long winMmeSpecificOutputFlags = 0;
+    unsigned long outputDeviceCount = 0;                /* contains all devices and channel counts as local host api ids, even when PaWinMmeUseMultipleDevices is not used */
+    char throttleProcessingThreadOnOverload = 1;
+
+
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = inputParameters->channelCount;
+        inputSampleFormat = inputParameters->sampleFormat;
+        suggestedInputLatency = inputParameters->suggestedLatency;
+
+        inputDeviceCount = 1;
+
+        /* validate input hostApiSpecificStreamInfo */
+        inputStreamInfo = (PaWinMmeStreamInfo*)inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        result = ValidateWinMmeSpecificStreamInfo( inputParameters, inputStreamInfo,
+                &winMmeSpecificInputFlags,
+                &throttleProcessingThreadOnOverload,
+                &inputDeviceCount );
+        if( result != paNoError ) return result;
+
+        inputDevices = (PaWinMmeDeviceAndChannelCount*)alloca( sizeof(PaWinMmeDeviceAndChannelCount) * inputDeviceCount );
+        if( !inputDevices ) return paInsufficientMemory;
+
+        result = RetrieveDevicesFromStreamParameters( hostApi, inputParameters, inputStreamInfo, inputDevices, inputDeviceCount );
+        if( result != paNoError ) return result;
+
+        result = ValidateInputChannelCounts( hostApi, inputDevices, inputDeviceCount );
+        if( result != paNoError ) return result;
+
+        hostInputSampleFormat =
+            PaUtil_SelectClosestAvailableFormat( paInt16 /* native formats */, inputSampleFormat );
+
+        if( inputDeviceCount != 1 ){
+            /* always use direct speakers when using multi-device multichannel mode */
+            inputChannelMask = PAWIN_SPEAKER_DIRECTOUT;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if( inputStreamInfo && inputStreamInfo->flags & paWinMmeUseChannelMask )
+                inputChannelMask = inputStreamInfo->channelMask;
+            else
+                inputChannelMask = PaWin_DefaultChannelMask( inputDevices[0].channelCount );
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        inputChannelCount = 0;
+        inputSampleFormat = 0;
+        suggestedInputLatency = 0.;
+        inputStreamInfo = 0;
+        hostInputSampleFormat = 0;
+    }
+
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = outputParameters->channelCount;
+        outputSampleFormat = outputParameters->sampleFormat;
+        suggestedOutputLatency = outputParameters->suggestedLatency;
+
+        outputDeviceCount = 1;
+
+        /* validate output hostApiSpecificStreamInfo */
+        outputStreamInfo = (PaWinMmeStreamInfo*)outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        result = ValidateWinMmeSpecificStreamInfo( outputParameters, outputStreamInfo,
+                &winMmeSpecificOutputFlags,
+                &throttleProcessingThreadOnOverload,
+                &outputDeviceCount );
+        if( result != paNoError ) return result;
+
+        outputDevices = (PaWinMmeDeviceAndChannelCount*)alloca( sizeof(PaWinMmeDeviceAndChannelCount) * outputDeviceCount );
+        if( !outputDevices ) return paInsufficientMemory;
+
+        result = RetrieveDevicesFromStreamParameters( hostApi, outputParameters, outputStreamInfo, outputDevices, outputDeviceCount );
+        if( result != paNoError ) return result;
+
+        result = ValidateOutputChannelCounts( hostApi, outputDevices, outputDeviceCount );
+        if( result != paNoError ) return result;
+
+        hostOutputSampleFormat =
+            PaUtil_SelectClosestAvailableFormat( paInt16 /* native formats */, outputSampleFormat );
+
+        if( outputDeviceCount != 1 ){
+            /* always use direct speakers when using multi-device multichannel mode */
+            outputChannelMask = PAWIN_SPEAKER_DIRECTOUT;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if( outputStreamInfo && outputStreamInfo->flags & paWinMmeUseChannelMask )
+                outputChannelMask = outputStreamInfo->channelMask;
+            else
+                outputChannelMask = PaWin_DefaultChannelMask( outputDevices[0].channelCount );
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        outputChannelCount = 0;
+        outputSampleFormat = 0;
+        outputStreamInfo = 0;
+        hostOutputSampleFormat = 0;
+        suggestedOutputLatency = 0.;
+    }
+
+
+    /*
+        IMPLEMENT ME:
+            - alter sampleRate to a close allowable rate if possible / necessary
+    */
+
+
+    /* validate platform specific flags */
+    if( (streamFlags & paPlatformSpecificFlags) != 0 )
+        return paInvalidFlag; /* unexpected platform specific flag */
+
+
+    /* always disable clipping and dithering if we are outputting a raw spdif stream */
+    if( (winMmeSpecificOutputFlags & paWinMmeWaveFormatDolbyAc3Spdif)
+            || (winMmeSpecificOutputFlags & paWinMmeWaveFormatWmaSpdif) ){
+
+        streamFlags = streamFlags | paClipOff | paDitherOff;
+    }
+
+
+    result = CalculateBufferSettings( &framesPerHostInputBuffer, &hostInputBufferCount,
+                &framesPerHostOutputBuffer, &hostOutputBufferCount,
+                inputChannelCount, hostInputSampleFormat, suggestedInputLatency, inputStreamInfo,
+                outputChannelCount, hostOutputSampleFormat, suggestedOutputLatency, outputStreamInfo,
+                sampleRate, framesPerBuffer );
+    if( result != paNoError ) goto error;
+
+
+    stream = (PaWinMmeStream*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaWinMmeStream) );
+    if( !stream )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    InitializeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers( &stream->input );
+    InitializeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers( &stream->output );
+
+    stream->abortEvent = 0;
+    stream->processingThread = 0;
+
+    stream->throttleProcessingThreadOnOverload = throttleProcessingThreadOnOverload;
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation,
+                                           ( (streamCallback)
+                                            ? &winMmeHostApi->callbackStreamInterface
+                                            : &winMmeHostApi->blockingStreamInterface ),
+                                           streamCallback, userData );
+    streamRepresentationIsInitialized = 1;
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeCpuLoadMeasurer( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer, sampleRate );
+
+
+    if( inputParameters && outputParameters ) /* full duplex */
+    {
+        if( framesPerHostInputBuffer < framesPerHostOutputBuffer )
+        {
+            assert( (framesPerHostOutputBuffer % framesPerHostInputBuffer) == 0 ); /* CalculateBufferSettings() should guarantee this condition */
+
+            framesPerBufferProcessorCall = framesPerHostInputBuffer;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            assert( (framesPerHostInputBuffer % framesPerHostOutputBuffer) == 0 ); /* CalculateBufferSettings() should guarantee this condition */
+
+            framesPerBufferProcessorCall = framesPerHostOutputBuffer;
+        }
+    }
+    else if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        framesPerBufferProcessorCall = framesPerHostInputBuffer;
+    }
+    else if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        framesPerBufferProcessorCall = framesPerHostOutputBuffer;
+    }
+
+    stream->input.framesPerBuffer = framesPerHostInputBuffer;
+    stream->output.framesPerBuffer = framesPerHostOutputBuffer;
+
+    result =  PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor,
+                    inputChannelCount, inputSampleFormat, hostInputSampleFormat,
+                    outputChannelCount, outputSampleFormat, hostOutputSampleFormat,
+                    sampleRate, streamFlags, framesPerBuffer,
+                    framesPerBufferProcessorCall, paUtilFixedHostBufferSize,
+                    streamCallback, userData );
+    if( result != paNoError ) goto error;
+
+    bufferProcessorIsInitialized = 1;
+
+    /* stream info input latency is the minimum buffering latency (unlike suggested and default which are *maximums*) */
+    stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.inputLatency =
+            (double)(PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor)
+                + framesPerHostInputBuffer) / sampleRate;
+    stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.outputLatency =
+            (double)(PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames(&stream->bufferProcessor)
+                + (framesPerHostOutputBuffer * (hostOutputBufferCount-1))) / sampleRate;
+    stream->streamRepresentation.streamInfo.sampleRate = sampleRate;
+
+    stream->primeStreamUsingCallback = ( (streamFlags&paPrimeOutputBuffersUsingStreamCallback) && streamCallback ) ? 1 : 0;
+
+    /* time to sleep when throttling due to >100% cpu usage.
+        -a quarter of a buffer's duration */
+    stream->throttledSleepMsecs =
+            (unsigned long)(stream->bufferProcessor.framesPerHostBuffer *
+             stream->bufferProcessor.samplePeriod * .25 * 1000);
+
+    stream->isStopped = 1;
+    stream->isActive = 0;
+
+
+    /* for maximum compatibility with multi-device multichannel drivers,
+        we first open all devices, then we prepare all buffers, finally
+        we start all devices ( in StartStream() ). teardown in reverse order.
+    */
+
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        result = InitializeWaveHandles( winMmeHostApi, &stream->input,
+                winMmeSpecificInputFlags,
+                stream->bufferProcessor.bytesPerHostInputSample, sampleRate,
+                inputDevices, inputDeviceCount, inputChannelMask, 1 /* isInput */ );
+        if( result != paNoError ) goto error;
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        result = InitializeWaveHandles( winMmeHostApi, &stream->output,
+                winMmeSpecificOutputFlags,
+                stream->bufferProcessor.bytesPerHostOutputSample, sampleRate,
+                outputDevices, outputDeviceCount, outputChannelMask, 0 /* isInput */ );
+        if( result != paNoError ) goto error;
+    }
+
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        result = InitializeWaveHeaders( &stream->input, hostInputBufferCount,
+                hostInputSampleFormat, framesPerHostInputBuffer, inputDevices, 1 /* isInput */ );
+        if( result != paNoError ) goto error;
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        result = InitializeWaveHeaders( &stream->output, hostOutputBufferCount,
+                hostOutputSampleFormat, framesPerHostOutputBuffer, outputDevices, 0 /* not isInput */ );
+        if( result != paNoError ) goto error;
+
+        stream->allBuffersDurationMs = (DWORD) (1000.0 * (framesPerHostOutputBuffer * stream->output.bufferCount) / sampleRate);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        stream->allBuffersDurationMs = (DWORD) (1000.0 * (framesPerHostInputBuffer * stream->input.bufferCount) / sampleRate);
+    }
+
+
+    if( streamCallback )
+    {
+        /* abort event is only needed for callback streams */
+        result = CreateEventWithPaError( &stream->abortEvent, NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL );
+        if( result != paNoError ) goto error;
+    }
+
+    *s = (PaStream*)stream;
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+
+    if( stream )
+    {
+        if( stream->abortEvent )
+            CloseHandle( stream->abortEvent );
+
+        TerminateWaveHeaders( &stream->output, 0 /* not isInput */ );
+        TerminateWaveHeaders( &stream->input, 1 /* isInput */ );
+
+        TerminateWaveHandles( &stream->output, 0 /* not isInput */, 1 /* currentlyProcessingAnError */ );
+        TerminateWaveHandles( &stream->input, 1 /* isInput */, 1 /* currentlyProcessingAnError */ );
+
+        if( bufferProcessorIsInitialized )
+            PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+
+        if( streamRepresentationIsInitialized )
+            PaUtil_TerminateStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation );
+
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/* return non-zero if all current buffers are done */
+static int BuffersAreDone( WAVEHDR **waveHeaders, unsigned int deviceCount, int bufferIndex )
+{
+    unsigned int i;
+
+    for( i=0; i < deviceCount; ++i )
+    {
+        if( !(waveHeaders[i][ bufferIndex ].dwFlags & WHDR_DONE) )
+        {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static int CurrentInputBuffersAreDone( PaWinMmeStream *stream )
+{
+    return BuffersAreDone( stream->input.waveHeaders, stream->input.deviceCount, stream->input.currentBufferIndex );
+}
+
+static int CurrentOutputBuffersAreDone( PaWinMmeStream *stream )
+{
+    return BuffersAreDone( stream->output.waveHeaders, stream->output.deviceCount, stream->output.currentBufferIndex );
+}
+
+
+/* return non-zero if any buffers are queued */
+static int NoBuffersAreQueued( PaWinMmeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers *handlesAndBuffers )
+{
+    unsigned int i, j;
+
+    if( handlesAndBuffers->waveHandles )
+    {
+        for( i=0; i < handlesAndBuffers->bufferCount; ++i )
+        {
+            for( j=0; j < handlesAndBuffers->deviceCount; ++j )
+            {
+                if( !( handlesAndBuffers->waveHeaders[ j ][ i ].dwFlags & WHDR_DONE) )
+                {
+                    return 0;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+
+#define PA_CIRCULAR_INCREMENT_( current, max )\
+    ( (((current) + 1) >= (max)) ? (0) : (current+1) )
+
+#define PA_CIRCULAR_DECREMENT_( current, max )\
+    ( ((current) == 0) ? ((max)-1) : (current-1) )
+
+
+static signed long GetAvailableFrames( PaWinMmeSingleDirectionHandlesAndBuffers *handlesAndBuffers )
+{
+    signed long result = 0;
+    unsigned int i;
+
+    if( BuffersAreDone( handlesAndBuffers->waveHeaders, handlesAndBuffers->deviceCount, handlesAndBuffers->currentBufferIndex ) )
+    {
+        /* we could calculate the following in O(1) if we kept track of the
+            last done buffer */
+        result = handlesAndBuffers->framesPerBuffer - handlesAndBuffers->framesUsedInCurrentBuffer;
+
+        i = PA_CIRCULAR_INCREMENT_( handlesAndBuffers->currentBufferIndex, handlesAndBuffers->bufferCount );
+        while( i != handlesAndBuffers->currentBufferIndex )
+        {
+            if( BuffersAreDone( handlesAndBuffers->waveHeaders, handlesAndBuffers->deviceCount, i ) )
+            {
+                result += handlesAndBuffers->framesPerBuffer;
+                i = PA_CIRCULAR_INCREMENT_( i, handlesAndBuffers->bufferCount );
+            }
+            else
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError AdvanceToNextInputBuffer( PaWinMmeStream *stream )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    MMRESULT mmresult;
+    unsigned int i;
+
+    for( i=0; i < stream->input.deviceCount; ++i )
+    {
+        stream->input.waveHeaders[i][ stream->input.currentBufferIndex ].dwFlags &= ~WHDR_DONE;
+        mmresult = waveInAddBuffer( ((HWAVEIN*)stream->input.waveHandles)[i],
+                                    &stream->input.waveHeaders[i][ stream->input.currentBufferIndex ],
+                                    sizeof(WAVEHDR) );
+        if( mmresult != MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+        {
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEIN_ERROR( mmresult );
+        }
+    }
+
+    stream->input.currentBufferIndex =
+            PA_CIRCULAR_INCREMENT_( stream->input.currentBufferIndex, stream->input.bufferCount );
+
+    stream->input.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer = 0;
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError AdvanceToNextOutputBuffer( PaWinMmeStream *stream )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    MMRESULT mmresult;
+    unsigned int i;
+
+    for( i=0; i < stream->output.deviceCount; ++i )
+    {
+        mmresult = waveOutWrite( ((HWAVEOUT*)stream->output.waveHandles)[i],
+                                 &stream->output.waveHeaders[i][ stream->output.currentBufferIndex ],
+                                 sizeof(WAVEHDR) );
+        if( mmresult != MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+        {
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEOUT_ERROR( mmresult );
+        }
+    }
+
+    stream->output.currentBufferIndex =
+            PA_CIRCULAR_INCREMENT_( stream->output.currentBufferIndex, stream->output.bufferCount );
+
+    stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer = 0;
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/* requeue all but the most recent input with the driver. Used for catching
+    up after a total input buffer underrun */
+static PaError CatchUpInputBuffers( PaWinMmeStream *stream )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    unsigned int i;
+
+    for( i=0; i < stream->input.bufferCount - 1; ++i )
+    {
+        result = AdvanceToNextInputBuffer( stream );
+        if( result != paNoError )
+            break;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/* take the most recent output and duplicate it to all other output buffers
+    and requeue them. Used for catching up after a total output buffer underrun.
+*/
+static PaError CatchUpOutputBuffers( PaWinMmeStream *stream )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    unsigned int i, j;
+    unsigned int previousBufferIndex =
+            PA_CIRCULAR_DECREMENT_( stream->output.currentBufferIndex, stream->output.bufferCount );
+
+    for( i=0; i < stream->output.bufferCount - 1; ++i )
+    {
+        for( j=0; j < stream->output.deviceCount; ++j )
+        {
+            if( stream->output.waveHeaders[j][ stream->output.currentBufferIndex ].lpData
+                    != stream->output.waveHeaders[j][ previousBufferIndex ].lpData )
+            {
+                CopyMemory( stream->output.waveHeaders[j][ stream->output.currentBufferIndex ].lpData,
+                            stream->output.waveHeaders[j][ previousBufferIndex ].lpData,
+                            stream->output.waveHeaders[j][ stream->output.currentBufferIndex ].dwBufferLength );
+            }
+        }
+
+        result = AdvanceToNextOutputBuffer( stream );
+        if( result != paNoError )
+            break;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PA_THREAD_FUNC ProcessingThreadProc( void *pArg )
+{
+    PaWinMmeStream *stream = (PaWinMmeStream *)pArg;
+    HANDLE events[3];
+    int eventCount = 0;
+    DWORD result = paNoError;
+    DWORD waitResult;
+    DWORD timeout = (unsigned long)(stream->allBuffersDurationMs * 0.5);
+    int hostBuffersAvailable;
+    signed int hostInputBufferIndex, hostOutputBufferIndex;
+    PaStreamCallbackFlags statusFlags;
+    int callbackResult;
+    int done = 0;
+    unsigned int channel, i;
+    unsigned long framesProcessed;
+
+    /* prepare event array for call to WaitForMultipleObjects() */
+    if( stream->input.bufferEvent )
+        events[eventCount++] = stream->input.bufferEvent;
+    if( stream->output.bufferEvent )
+        events[eventCount++] = stream->output.bufferEvent;
+    events[eventCount++] = stream->abortEvent;
+
+    statusFlags = 0; /** @todo support paInputUnderflow, paOutputOverflow and paNeverDropInput */
+
+    /* loop until something causes us to stop */
+    do{
+        /* wait for MME to signal that a buffer is available, or for
+            the PA abort event to be signaled.
+
+          When this indicates that one or more buffers are available
+          NoBuffersAreQueued() and Current*BuffersAreDone are used below to
+          poll for additional done buffers. NoBuffersAreQueued() will fail
+          to identify an underrun/overflow if the driver doesn't mark all done
+          buffers prior to signalling the event. Some drivers do this
+          (eg RME Digi96, and others don't eg VIA PC 97 input). This isn't a
+          huge problem, it just means that we won't always be able to detect
+          underflow/overflow.
+        */
+        waitResult = WaitForMultipleObjects( eventCount, events, FALSE /* wait all = FALSE */, timeout );
+        if( waitResult == WAIT_FAILED )
+        {
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            /** @todo FIXME/REVIEW: can't return host error info from an asynchronous thread. see http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/143 */
+            done = 1;
+        }
+        else if( waitResult == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+        {
+            /* if a timeout is encountered, continue */
+        }
+
+        if( stream->abortProcessing )
+        {
+            /* Pa_AbortStream() has been called, stop processing immediately */
+            done = 1;
+        }
+        else if( stream->stopProcessing )
+        {
+            /* Pa_StopStream() has been called or the user callback returned
+                non-zero, processing will continue until all output buffers
+                are marked as done. The stream will stop immediately if it
+                is input-only.
+            */
+
+            if( PA_IS_OUTPUT_STREAM_(stream) )
+            {
+                if( NoBuffersAreQueued( &stream->output ) )
+                    done = 1; /* Will cause thread to return. */
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                /* input only stream */
+                done = 1; /* Will cause thread to return. */
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            hostBuffersAvailable = 1;
+
+            /* process all available host buffers */
+            do
+            {
+                hostInputBufferIndex = -1;
+                hostOutputBufferIndex = -1;
+
+                if( PA_IS_INPUT_STREAM_(stream) )
+                {
+                    if( CurrentInputBuffersAreDone( stream ) )
+                    {
+                        if( NoBuffersAreQueued( &stream->input ) )
+                        {
+                            /** @todo
+                               if all of the other buffers are also ready then
+                               we discard all but the most recent. This is an
+                               input buffer overflow. FIXME: these buffers should
+                               be passed to the callback in a paNeverDropInput
+                               stream. http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/142
+
+                               note that it is also possible for an input overflow
+                               to happen while the callback is processing a buffer.
+                               that is handled further down.
+                            */
+                            result = CatchUpInputBuffers( stream );
+                            if( result != paNoError )
+                                done = 1;
+
+                            statusFlags |= paInputOverflow;
+                        }
+
+                        hostInputBufferIndex = stream->input.currentBufferIndex;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if( PA_IS_OUTPUT_STREAM_(stream) )
+                {
+                    if( CurrentOutputBuffersAreDone( stream ) )
+                    {
+                        /* ok, we have an output buffer */
+
+                        if( NoBuffersAreQueued( &stream->output ) )
+                        {
+                            /*
+                            if all of the other buffers are also ready, catch up by copying
+                            the most recently generated buffer into all but one of the output
+                            buffers.
+
+                            note that this catch up code only handles the case where all
+                            buffers have been played out due to this thread not having
+                            woken up at all. a more common case occurs when this thread
+                            is woken up, processes one buffer, but takes too long, and as
+                            a result all the other buffers have become un-queued. that
+                            case is handled further down.
+                            */
+
+                            result = CatchUpOutputBuffers( stream );
+                            if( result != paNoError )
+                                done = 1;
+
+                            statusFlags |= paOutputUnderflow;
+                        }
+
+                        hostOutputBufferIndex = stream->output.currentBufferIndex;
+                    }
+                }
+
+
+                if( (PA_IS_FULL_DUPLEX_STREAM_(stream) && hostInputBufferIndex != -1 && hostOutputBufferIndex != -1) ||
+                        (PA_IS_HALF_DUPLEX_STREAM_(stream) && ( hostInputBufferIndex != -1 || hostOutputBufferIndex != -1 ) ) )
+                {
+                    PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo timeInfo = {0,0,0}; /** @todo implement inputBufferAdcTime */
+
+
+                    if( PA_IS_OUTPUT_STREAM_(stream) )
+                    {
+                        /* set timeInfo.currentTime and calculate timeInfo.outputBufferDacTime
+                            from the current wave out position */
+                        MMTIME mmtime;
+                        double timeBeforeGetPosition, timeAfterGetPosition;
+                        double time;
+                        long framesInBufferRing;
+                        long writePosition;
+                        long playbackPosition;
+                        HWAVEOUT firstWaveOutDevice = ((HWAVEOUT*)stream->output.waveHandles)[0];
+
+                        mmtime.wType = TIME_SAMPLES;
+                        timeBeforeGetPosition = PaUtil_GetTime();
+                        waveOutGetPosition( firstWaveOutDevice, &mmtime, sizeof(MMTIME) );
+                        timeAfterGetPosition = PaUtil_GetTime();
+
+                        timeInfo.currentTime = timeAfterGetPosition;
+
+                        /* approximate time at which wave out position was measured
+                            as half way between timeBeforeGetPosition and timeAfterGetPosition */
+                        time = timeBeforeGetPosition + (timeAfterGetPosition - timeBeforeGetPosition) * .5;
+
+                        framesInBufferRing = stream->output.bufferCount * stream->bufferProcessor.framesPerHostBuffer;
+                        playbackPosition = mmtime.u.sample % framesInBufferRing;
+
+                        writePosition = stream->output.currentBufferIndex * stream->bufferProcessor.framesPerHostBuffer
+                                + stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer;
+
+                        if( playbackPosition >= writePosition ){
+                            timeInfo.outputBufferDacTime =
+                                    time + ((double)( writePosition + (framesInBufferRing - playbackPosition) ) * stream->bufferProcessor.samplePeriod );
+                        }else{
+                            timeInfo.outputBufferDacTime =
+                                    time + ((double)( writePosition - playbackPosition ) * stream->bufferProcessor.samplePeriod );
+                        }
+                    }
+
+
+                    PaUtil_BeginCpuLoadMeasurement( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+
+                    PaUtil_BeginBufferProcessing( &stream->bufferProcessor, &timeInfo, statusFlags  );
+
+                    /* reset status flags once they have been passed to the buffer processor */
+                    statusFlags = 0;
+
+                    if( PA_IS_INPUT_STREAM_(stream) )
+                    {
+                        PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( &stream->bufferProcessor, 0 /* default to host buffer size */ );
+
+                        channel = 0;
+                        for( i=0; i<stream->input.deviceCount; ++i )
+                        {
+                             /* we have stored the number of channels in the buffer in dwUser */
+                            int channelCount = (int)stream->input.waveHeaders[i][ hostInputBufferIndex ].dwUser;
+
+                            PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels( &stream->bufferProcessor, channel,
+                                    stream->input.waveHeaders[i][ hostInputBufferIndex ].lpData +
+                                        stream->input.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer * channelCount *
+                                        stream->bufferProcessor.bytesPerHostInputSample,
+                                    channelCount );
+
+
+                            channel += channelCount;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    if( PA_IS_OUTPUT_STREAM_(stream) )
+                    {
+                        PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount( &stream->bufferProcessor, 0 /* default to host buffer size */ );
+
+                        channel = 0;
+                        for( i=0; i<stream->output.deviceCount; ++i )
+                        {
+                            /* we have stored the number of channels in the buffer in dwUser */
+                            int channelCount = (int)stream->output.waveHeaders[i][ hostOutputBufferIndex ].dwUser;
+
+                            PaUtil_SetInterleavedOutputChannels( &stream->bufferProcessor, channel,
+                                    stream->output.waveHeaders[i][ hostOutputBufferIndex ].lpData +
+                                        stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer * channelCount *
+                                        stream->bufferProcessor.bytesPerHostOutputSample,
+                                    channelCount );
+
+                            channel += channelCount;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    callbackResult = paContinue;
+                    framesProcessed = PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing( &stream->bufferProcessor, &callbackResult );
+
+                    stream->input.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer += framesProcessed;
+                    stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer += framesProcessed;
+
+                    PaUtil_EndCpuLoadMeasurement( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer, framesProcessed );
+
+                    if( callbackResult == paContinue )
+                    {
+                        /* nothing special to do */
+                    }
+                    else if( callbackResult == paAbort )
+                    {
+                        stream->abortProcessing = 1;
+                        done = 1;
+                        /** @todo FIXME: should probably reset the output device immediately once the callback returns paAbort
+                            see: http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/141
+                        */
+                        result = paNoError;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        /* User callback has asked us to stop with paComplete or other non-zero value */
+                        stream->stopProcessing = 1; /* stop once currently queued audio has finished */
+                        result = paNoError;
+                    }
+
+
+                    if( PA_IS_INPUT_STREAM_(stream)
+                            && stream->stopProcessing == 0 && stream->abortProcessing == 0
+                            && stream->input.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer == stream->input.framesPerBuffer )
+                    {
+                        if( NoBuffersAreQueued( &stream->input ) )
+                        {
+                            /** @todo need to handle PaNeverDropInput here where necessary */
+                            result = CatchUpInputBuffers( stream );
+                            if( result != paNoError )
+                                done = 1;
+
+                            statusFlags |= paInputOverflow;
+                        }
+
+                        result = AdvanceToNextInputBuffer( stream );
+                        if( result != paNoError )
+                            done = 1;
+                    }
+
+
+                    if( PA_IS_OUTPUT_STREAM_(stream) && !stream->abortProcessing )
+                    {
+                        if( stream->stopProcessing &&
+                                stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer < stream->output.framesPerBuffer )
+                        {
+                            /* zero remaining samples in output output buffer and flush */
+
+                            stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer += PaUtil_ZeroOutput( &stream->bufferProcessor,
+                                    stream->output.framesPerBuffer - stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer );
+
+                            /* we send the entire buffer to the output devices, but we could
+                                just send a partial buffer, rather than zeroing the unused
+                                samples.
+                            */
+                        }
+
+                        if( stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer == stream->output.framesPerBuffer )
+                        {
+                            /* check for underflow before enquing the just-generated buffer,
+                                but recover from underflow after enquing it. This ensures
+                                that the most recent audio segment is repeated */
+                            int outputUnderflow = NoBuffersAreQueued( &stream->output );
+
+                            result = AdvanceToNextOutputBuffer( stream );
+                            if( result != paNoError )
+                                done = 1;
+
+                            if( outputUnderflow && !done && !stream->stopProcessing )
+                            {
+                                /* Recover from underflow in the case where the
+                                    underflow occurred while processing the buffer
+                                    we just finished */
+
+                                result = CatchUpOutputBuffers( stream );
+                                if( result != paNoError )
+                                    done = 1;
+
+                                statusFlags |= paOutputUnderflow;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    if( stream->throttleProcessingThreadOnOverload != 0 )
+                    {
+                        if( stream->stopProcessing || stream->abortProcessing )
+                        {
+                            if( stream->processingThreadPriority != stream->highThreadPriority )
+                            {
+                                SetThreadPriority( stream->processingThread, stream->highThreadPriority );
+                                stream->processingThreadPriority = stream->highThreadPriority;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        else if( PaUtil_GetCpuLoad( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer ) > 1. )
+                        {
+                            if( stream->processingThreadPriority != stream->throttledThreadPriority )
+                            {
+                                SetThreadPriority( stream->processingThread, stream->throttledThreadPriority );
+                                stream->processingThreadPriority = stream->throttledThreadPriority;
+                            }
+
+                            /* sleep to give other processes a go */
+                            Sleep( stream->throttledSleepMsecs );
+                        }
+                        else
+                        {
+                            if( stream->processingThreadPriority != stream->highThreadPriority )
+                            {
+                                SetThreadPriority( stream->processingThread, stream->highThreadPriority );
+                                stream->processingThreadPriority = stream->highThreadPriority;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    hostBuffersAvailable = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            while( hostBuffersAvailable &&
+                    stream->stopProcessing == 0 &&
+                    stream->abortProcessing == 0 &&
+                    !done );
+        }
+    }
+    while( !done );
+
+    stream->isActive = 0;
+
+    if( stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback != 0 )
+        stream->streamRepresentation.streamFinishedCallback( stream->streamRepresentation.userData );
+
+    PaUtil_ResetCpuLoadMeasurer( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/*
+    When CloseStream() is called, the multi-api layer ensures that
+    the stream has already been stopped or aborted.
+*/
+static PaError CloseStream( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaError result;
+    PaWinMmeStream *stream = (PaWinMmeStream*)s;
+
+    result = CloseHandleWithPaError( stream->abortEvent );
+    if( result != paNoError ) goto error;
+
+    TerminateWaveHeaders( &stream->output, 0 /* not isInput */ );
+    TerminateWaveHeaders( &stream->input, 1 /* isInput */ );
+
+    TerminateWaveHandles( &stream->output, 0 /* not isInput */, 0 /* not currentlyProcessingAnError */ );
+    TerminateWaveHandles( &stream->input, 1 /* isInput */, 0 /* not currentlyProcessingAnError */ );
+
+    PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+    PaUtil_TerminateStreamRepresentation( &stream->streamRepresentation );
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( stream );
+
+error:
+    /** @todo REVIEW: what is the best way to clean up a stream if an error is detected? */
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError StartStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result;
+    PaWinMmeStream *stream = (PaWinMmeStream*)s;
+    MMRESULT mmresult;
+    unsigned int i, j;
+    int callbackResult;
+    unsigned int channel;
+    unsigned long framesProcessed;
+    PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo timeInfo = {0,0,0}; /** @todo implement this for stream priming */
+
+    PaUtil_ResetBufferProcessor( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+
+    if( PA_IS_INPUT_STREAM_(stream) )
+    {
+        for( i=0; i<stream->input.bufferCount; ++i )
+        {
+            for( j=0; j<stream->input.deviceCount; ++j )
+            {
+                stream->input.waveHeaders[j][i].dwFlags &= ~WHDR_DONE;
+                mmresult = waveInAddBuffer( ((HWAVEIN*)stream->input.waveHandles)[j], &stream->input.waveHeaders[j][i], sizeof(WAVEHDR) );
+                if( mmresult != MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+                {
+                    result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                    PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEIN_ERROR( mmresult );
+                    goto error;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        stream->input.currentBufferIndex = 0;
+        stream->input.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( PA_IS_OUTPUT_STREAM_(stream) )
+    {
+        for( i=0; i<stream->output.deviceCount; ++i )
+        {
+            if( (mmresult = waveOutPause( ((HWAVEOUT*)stream->output.waveHandles)[i] )) != MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEOUT_ERROR( mmresult );
+                goto error;
+            }
+        }
+
+        for( i=0; i<stream->output.bufferCount; ++i )
+        {
+            if( stream->primeStreamUsingCallback )
+            {
+
+                stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer = 0;
+                do{
+
+                    PaUtil_BeginBufferProcessing( &stream->bufferProcessor,
+                            &timeInfo,
+                            paPrimingOutput | ((stream->input.bufferCount > 0 ) ? paInputUnderflow : 0));
+
+                    if( stream->input.bufferCount > 0 )
+                        PaUtil_SetNoInput( &stream->bufferProcessor );
+
+                    PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount( &stream->bufferProcessor, 0 /* default to host buffer size */ );
+
+                    channel = 0;
+                    for( j=0; j<stream->output.deviceCount; ++j )
+                    {
+                        /* we have stored the number of channels in the buffer in dwUser */
+                        int channelCount = (int)stream->output.waveHeaders[j][i].dwUser;
+
+                        PaUtil_SetInterleavedOutputChannels( &stream->bufferProcessor, channel,
+                                stream->output.waveHeaders[j][i].lpData +
+                                stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer * channelCount *
+                                stream->bufferProcessor.bytesPerHostOutputSample,
+                                channelCount );
+
+                        /* we have stored the number of channels in the buffer in dwUser */
+                        channel += channelCount;
+                    }
+
+                    callbackResult = paContinue;
+                    framesProcessed = PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing( &stream->bufferProcessor, &callbackResult );
+                    stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer += framesProcessed;
+
+                    if( callbackResult != paContinue )
+                    {
+                        /** @todo fix this, what do we do if callback result is non-zero during stream
+                            priming?
+
+                            for complete: play out primed waveHeaders as usual
+                            for abort: clean up immediately.
+                       */
+                    }
+
+                }while( stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer != stream->output.framesPerBuffer );
+
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                for( j=0; j<stream->output.deviceCount; ++j )
+                {
+                    ZeroMemory( stream->output.waveHeaders[j][i].lpData, stream->output.waveHeaders[j][i].dwBufferLength );
+                }
+            }
+
+            /* we queue all channels of a single buffer frame (across all
+                devices, because some multidevice multichannel drivers work
+                better this way */
+            for( j=0; j<stream->output.deviceCount; ++j )
+            {
+                mmresult = waveOutWrite( ((HWAVEOUT*)stream->output.waveHandles)[j], &stream->output.waveHeaders[j][i], sizeof(WAVEHDR) );
+                if( mmresult != MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+                {
+                    result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                    PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEOUT_ERROR( mmresult );
+                    goto error;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        stream->output.currentBufferIndex = 0;
+        stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer = 0;
+    }
+
+
+    stream->isStopped = 0;
+    stream->isActive = 1;
+    stream->stopProcessing = 0;
+    stream->abortProcessing = 0;
+
+    result = ResetEventWithPaError( stream->input.bufferEvent );
+    if( result != paNoError ) goto error;
+
+    result = ResetEventWithPaError( stream->output.bufferEvent );
+    if( result != paNoError ) goto error;
+
+
+    if( stream->streamRepresentation.streamCallback )
+    {
+        /* callback stream */
+
+        result = ResetEventWithPaError( stream->abortEvent );
+        if( result != paNoError ) goto error;
+
+        /* Create thread that waits for audio buffers to be ready for processing. */
+        stream->processingThread = CREATE_THREAD;
+        if( !stream->processingThread )
+        {
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PA_MME_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /** @todo could have mme specific stream parameters to allow the user
+            to set the callback thread priorities */
+        stream->highThreadPriority = THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL;
+        stream->throttledThreadPriority = THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL;
+
+        if( !SetThreadPriority( stream->processingThread, stream->highThreadPriority ) )
+        {
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            PA_MME_SET_LAST_SYSTEM_ERROR( GetLastError() );
+            goto error;
+        }
+        stream->processingThreadPriority = stream->highThreadPriority;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* blocking read/write stream */
+
+    }
+
+    if( PA_IS_INPUT_STREAM_(stream) )
+    {
+        for( i=0; i < stream->input.deviceCount; ++i )
+        {
+            mmresult = waveInStart( ((HWAVEIN*)stream->input.waveHandles)[i] );
+            PA_DEBUG(("Pa_StartStream: waveInStart returned = 0x%X.\n", mmresult));
+            if( mmresult != MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEIN_ERROR( mmresult );
+                goto error;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( PA_IS_OUTPUT_STREAM_(stream) )
+    {
+        for( i=0; i < stream->output.deviceCount; ++i )
+        {
+            if( (mmresult = waveOutRestart( ((HWAVEOUT*)stream->output.waveHandles)[i] )) != MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEOUT_ERROR( mmresult );
+                goto error;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    /** @todo FIXME: implement recovery as best we can
+    This should involve rolling back to a state as-if this function had never been called
+    */
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError StopStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaWinMmeStream *stream = (PaWinMmeStream*)s;
+    int timeout;
+    DWORD waitResult;
+    MMRESULT mmresult;
+    signed int hostOutputBufferIndex;
+    unsigned int channel, waitCount, i;
+
+    /** @todo
+        REVIEW: the error checking in this function needs review. the basic
+        idea is to return from this function in a known state - for example
+        there is no point avoiding calling waveInReset just because
+        the thread times out.
+    */
+
+    if( stream->processingThread )
+    {
+        /* callback stream */
+
+        /* Tell processing thread to stop generating more data and to let current data play out. */
+        stream->stopProcessing = 1;
+
+        /* Calculate timeOut longer than longest time it could take to return all buffers. */
+        timeout = (int)(stream->allBuffersDurationMs * 1.5);
+        if( timeout < PA_MME_MIN_TIMEOUT_MSEC_ )
+            timeout = PA_MME_MIN_TIMEOUT_MSEC_;
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("WinMME StopStream: waiting for background thread.\n"));
+
+        waitResult = WaitForSingleObject( stream->processingThread, timeout );
+        if( waitResult == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+        {
+            /* try to abort */
+            stream->abortProcessing = 1;
+            SetEvent( stream->abortEvent );
+            waitResult = WaitForSingleObject( stream->processingThread, timeout );
+            if( waitResult == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(("WinMME StopStream: timed out while waiting for background thread to finish.\n"));
+                result = paTimedOut;
+            }
+        }
+
+        CloseHandle( stream->processingThread );
+        stream->processingThread = NULL;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* blocking read / write stream */
+
+        if( PA_IS_OUTPUT_STREAM_(stream) )
+        {
+            if( stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer > 0 )
+            {
+                /* there are still unqueued frames in the current buffer, so flush them */
+
+                hostOutputBufferIndex = stream->output.currentBufferIndex;
+
+                PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount( &stream->bufferProcessor,
+                        stream->output.framesPerBuffer - stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer );
+
+                channel = 0;
+                for( i=0; i<stream->output.deviceCount; ++i )
+                {
+                    /* we have stored the number of channels in the buffer in dwUser */
+                    int channelCount = (int)stream->output.waveHeaders[i][ hostOutputBufferIndex ].dwUser;
+
+                    PaUtil_SetInterleavedOutputChannels( &stream->bufferProcessor, channel,
+                            stream->output.waveHeaders[i][ hostOutputBufferIndex ].lpData +
+                                stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer * channelCount *
+                                stream->bufferProcessor.bytesPerHostOutputSample,
+                            channelCount );
+
+                    channel += channelCount;
+                }
+
+                PaUtil_ZeroOutput( &stream->bufferProcessor,
+                        stream->output.framesPerBuffer - stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer );
+
+                /* we send the entire buffer to the output devices, but we could
+                    just send a partial buffer, rather than zeroing the unused
+                    samples.
+                */
+                AdvanceToNextOutputBuffer( stream );
+            }
+
+
+            timeout = (stream->allBuffersDurationMs / stream->output.bufferCount) + 1;
+            if( timeout < PA_MME_MIN_TIMEOUT_MSEC_ )
+                timeout = PA_MME_MIN_TIMEOUT_MSEC_;
+
+            waitCount = 0;
+            while( !NoBuffersAreQueued( &stream->output ) && waitCount <= stream->output.bufferCount )
+            {
+                /* wait for MME to signal that a buffer is available */
+                waitResult = WaitForSingleObject( stream->output.bufferEvent, timeout );
+                if( waitResult == WAIT_FAILED )
+                {
+                    break;
+                }
+                else if( waitResult == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+                {
+                    /* keep waiting */
+                }
+
+                ++waitCount;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( PA_IS_OUTPUT_STREAM_(stream) )
+    {
+        for( i =0; i < stream->output.deviceCount; ++i )
+        {
+            mmresult = waveOutReset( ((HWAVEOUT*)stream->output.waveHandles)[i] );
+            if( mmresult != MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEOUT_ERROR( mmresult );
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( PA_IS_INPUT_STREAM_(stream) )
+    {
+        for( i=0; i < stream->input.deviceCount; ++i )
+        {
+            mmresult = waveInReset( ((HWAVEIN*)stream->input.waveHandles)[i] );
+            if( mmresult != MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+            {
+                result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEIN_ERROR( mmresult );
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    stream->isStopped = 1;
+    stream->isActive = 0;
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError AbortStream( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaWinMmeStream *stream = (PaWinMmeStream*)s;
+    int timeout;
+    DWORD waitResult;
+    MMRESULT mmresult;
+    unsigned int i;
+
+    /** @todo
+        REVIEW: the error checking in this function needs review. the basic
+        idea is to return from this function in a known state - for example
+        there is no point avoiding calling waveInReset just because
+        the thread times out.
+    */
+
+    if( stream->processingThread )
+    {
+        /* callback stream */
+
+        /* Tell processing thread to abort immediately */
+        stream->abortProcessing = 1;
+        SetEvent( stream->abortEvent );
+    }
+
+
+    if( PA_IS_OUTPUT_STREAM_(stream) )
+    {
+        for( i =0; i < stream->output.deviceCount; ++i )
+        {
+            mmresult = waveOutReset( ((HWAVEOUT*)stream->output.waveHandles)[i] );
+            if( mmresult != MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+            {
+                PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEOUT_ERROR( mmresult );
+                return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( PA_IS_INPUT_STREAM_(stream) )
+    {
+        for( i=0; i < stream->input.deviceCount; ++i )
+        {
+            mmresult = waveInReset( ((HWAVEIN*)stream->input.waveHandles)[i] );
+            if( mmresult != MMSYSERR_NOERROR )
+            {
+                PA_MME_SET_LAST_WAVEIN_ERROR( mmresult );
+                return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    if( stream->processingThread )
+    {
+        /* callback stream */
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("WinMME AbortStream: waiting for background thread.\n"));
+
+        /* Calculate timeOut longer than longest time it could take to return all buffers. */
+        timeout = (int)(stream->allBuffersDurationMs * 1.5);
+        if( timeout < PA_MME_MIN_TIMEOUT_MSEC_ )
+            timeout = PA_MME_MIN_TIMEOUT_MSEC_;
+
+        waitResult = WaitForSingleObject( stream->processingThread, timeout );
+        if( waitResult == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("WinMME AbortStream: timed out while waiting for background thread to finish.\n"));
+            return paTimedOut;
+        }
+
+        CloseHandle( stream->processingThread );
+        stream->processingThread = NULL;
+    }
+
+    stream->isStopped = 1;
+    stream->isActive = 0;
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError IsStreamStopped( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaWinMmeStream *stream = (PaWinMmeStream*)s;
+
+    return stream->isStopped;
+}
+
+
+static PaError IsStreamActive( PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaWinMmeStream *stream = (PaWinMmeStream*)s;
+
+    return stream->isActive;
+}
+
+
+static PaTime GetStreamTime( PaStream *s )
+{
+    (void) s; /* unused parameter */
+
+    return PaUtil_GetTime();
+}
+
+
+static double GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaWinMmeStream *stream = (PaWinMmeStream*)s;
+
+    return PaUtil_GetCpuLoad( &stream->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+}
+
+
+/*
+    As separate stream interfaces are used for blocking and callback
+    streams, the following functions can be guaranteed to only be called
+    for blocking streams.
+*/
+
+static PaError ReadStream( PaStream* s,
+                           void *buffer,
+                           unsigned long frames )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaWinMmeStream *stream = (PaWinMmeStream*)s;
+    void *userBuffer;
+    unsigned long framesRead = 0;
+    unsigned long framesProcessed;
+    signed int hostInputBufferIndex;
+    DWORD waitResult;
+    DWORD timeout = (unsigned long)(stream->allBuffersDurationMs * 0.5);
+    unsigned int channel, i;
+
+    if( PA_IS_INPUT_STREAM_(stream) )
+    {
+        /* make a local copy of the user buffer pointer(s). this is necessary
+            because PaUtil_CopyInput() advances these pointers every time
+            it is called.
+        */
+        if( stream->bufferProcessor.userInputIsInterleaved )
+        {
+            userBuffer = buffer;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            userBuffer = (void*)alloca( sizeof(void*) * stream->bufferProcessor.inputChannelCount );
+            if( !userBuffer )
+                return paInsufficientMemory;
+            for( i = 0; i<stream->bufferProcessor.inputChannelCount; ++i )
+                ((void**)userBuffer)[i] = ((void**)buffer)[i];
+        }
+
+        do{
+            if( CurrentInputBuffersAreDone( stream ) )
+            {
+                if( NoBuffersAreQueued( &stream->input ) )
+                {
+                    /** @todo REVIEW: consider what to do if the input overflows.
+                        do we requeue all of the buffers? should we be running
+                        a thread to make sure they are always queued?
+                        see: http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/117
+                        */
+
+                    result = paInputOverflowed;
+                }
+
+                hostInputBufferIndex = stream->input.currentBufferIndex;
+
+                PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( &stream->bufferProcessor,
+                        stream->input.framesPerBuffer - stream->input.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer );
+
+                channel = 0;
+                for( i=0; i<stream->input.deviceCount; ++i )
+                {
+                    /* we have stored the number of channels in the buffer in dwUser */
+                    int channelCount = (int)stream->input.waveHeaders[i][ hostInputBufferIndex ].dwUser;
+
+                    PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels( &stream->bufferProcessor, channel,
+                            stream->input.waveHeaders[i][ hostInputBufferIndex ].lpData +
+                                stream->input.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer * channelCount *
+                                stream->bufferProcessor.bytesPerHostInputSample,
+                            channelCount );
+
+                    channel += channelCount;
+                }
+
+                framesProcessed = PaUtil_CopyInput( &stream->bufferProcessor, &userBuffer, frames - framesRead );
+
+                stream->input.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer += framesProcessed;
+                if( stream->input.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer == stream->input.framesPerBuffer )
+                {
+                    result = AdvanceToNextInputBuffer( stream );
+                    if( result != paNoError )
+                        break;
+                }
+
+                framesRead += framesProcessed;
+
+            }else{
+                /* wait for MME to signal that a buffer is available */
+                waitResult = WaitForSingleObject( stream->input.bufferEvent, timeout );
+                if( waitResult == WAIT_FAILED )
+                {
+                    result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                    break;
+                }
+                else if( waitResult == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+                {
+                    /* if a timeout is encountered, continue,
+                        perhaps we should give up eventually
+                    */
+                }
+            }
+        }while( framesRead < frames );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = paCanNotReadFromAnOutputOnlyStream;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static PaError WriteStream( PaStream* s,
+                            const void *buffer,
+                            unsigned long frames )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaWinMmeStream *stream = (PaWinMmeStream*)s;
+    const void *userBuffer;
+    unsigned long framesWritten = 0;
+    unsigned long framesProcessed;
+    signed int hostOutputBufferIndex;
+    DWORD waitResult;
+    DWORD timeout = (unsigned long)(stream->allBuffersDurationMs * 0.5);
+    unsigned int channel, i;
+
+
+    if( PA_IS_OUTPUT_STREAM_(stream) )
+    {
+        /* make a local copy of the user buffer pointer(s). this is necessary
+            because PaUtil_CopyOutput() advances these pointers every time
+            it is called.
+        */
+        if( stream->bufferProcessor.userOutputIsInterleaved )
+        {
+            userBuffer = buffer;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            userBuffer = (const void*)alloca( sizeof(void*) * stream->bufferProcessor.outputChannelCount );
+            if( !userBuffer )
+                return paInsufficientMemory;
+            for( i = 0; i<stream->bufferProcessor.outputChannelCount; ++i )
+                ((const void**)userBuffer)[i] = ((const void**)buffer)[i];
+        }
+
+        do{
+            if( CurrentOutputBuffersAreDone( stream ) )
+            {
+                if( NoBuffersAreQueued( &stream->output ) )
+                {
+                    /** @todo REVIEW: consider what to do if the output
+                    underflows. do we requeue all the existing buffers with
+                    zeros? should we run a separate thread to keep the buffers
+                    enqueued at all times?
+                    see: http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/117
+                    */
+
+                    result = paOutputUnderflowed;
+                }
+
+                hostOutputBufferIndex = stream->output.currentBufferIndex;
+
+                PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount( &stream->bufferProcessor,
+                        stream->output.framesPerBuffer - stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer );
+
+                channel = 0;
+                for( i=0; i<stream->output.deviceCount; ++i )
+                {
+                    /* we have stored the number of channels in the buffer in dwUser */
+                    int channelCount = (int)stream->output.waveHeaders[i][ hostOutputBufferIndex ].dwUser;
+
+                    PaUtil_SetInterleavedOutputChannels( &stream->bufferProcessor, channel,
+                            stream->output.waveHeaders[i][ hostOutputBufferIndex ].lpData +
+                                stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer * channelCount *
+                                stream->bufferProcessor.bytesPerHostOutputSample,
+                            channelCount );
+
+                    channel += channelCount;
+                }
+
+                framesProcessed = PaUtil_CopyOutput( &stream->bufferProcessor, &userBuffer, frames - framesWritten );
+
+                stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer += framesProcessed;
+                if( stream->output.framesUsedInCurrentBuffer == stream->output.framesPerBuffer )
+                {
+                    result = AdvanceToNextOutputBuffer( stream );
+                    if( result != paNoError )
+                        break;
+                }
+
+                framesWritten += framesProcessed;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                /* wait for MME to signal that a buffer is available */
+                waitResult = WaitForSingleObject( stream->output.bufferEvent, timeout );
+                if( waitResult == WAIT_FAILED )
+                {
+                    result = paUnanticipatedHostError;
+                    break;
+                }
+                else if( waitResult == WAIT_TIMEOUT )
+                {
+                    /* if a timeout is encountered, continue,
+                        perhaps we should give up eventually
+                    */
+                }
+            }
+        }while( framesWritten < frames );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = paCanNotWriteToAnInputOnlyStream;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static signed long GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaWinMmeStream *stream = (PaWinMmeStream*)s;
+
+    if( PA_IS_INPUT_STREAM_(stream) )
+        return GetAvailableFrames( &stream->input );
+    else
+        return paCanNotReadFromAnOutputOnlyStream;
+}
+
+
+static signed long GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaWinMmeStream *stream = (PaWinMmeStream*)s;
+
+    if( PA_IS_OUTPUT_STREAM_(stream) )
+        return GetAvailableFrames( &stream->output );
+    else
+        return paCanNotWriteToAnInputOnlyStream;
+}
+
+
+/* NOTE: the following functions are MME-stream specific, and are called directly
+    by client code. We need to check for many more error conditions here because
+    we don't have the benefit of pa_front.c's parameter checking.
+*/
+
+static PaError GetWinMMEStreamPointer( PaWinMmeStream **stream, PaStream *s )
+{
+    PaError result;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi;
+    PaWinMmeHostApiRepresentation *winMmeHostApi;
+
+    result = PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( s );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        return result;
+
+    result = PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( &hostApi, paMME );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+        return result;
+
+    winMmeHostApi = (PaWinMmeHostApiRepresentation*)hostApi;
+
+    /* note, the following would be easier if there was a generic way of testing
+        that a stream belongs to a specific host API */
+
+    if( PA_STREAM_REP( s )->streamInterface == &winMmeHostApi->callbackStreamInterface
+            || PA_STREAM_REP( s )->streamInterface == &winMmeHostApi->blockingStreamInterface )
+    {
+        /* s is a WinMME stream */
+        *stream = (PaWinMmeStream *)s;
+        return paNoError;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return paIncompatibleStreamHostApi;
+    }
+}
+
+
+int PaWinMME_GetStreamInputHandleCount( PaStream* s )
+{
+    PaWinMmeStream *stream;
+    PaError result = GetWinMMEStreamPointer( &stream, s );
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+        return (PA_IS_INPUT_STREAM_(stream)) ? stream->input.deviceCount : 0;
+    else
+        return result;
+}
+
+
+HWAVEIN PaWinMME_GetStreamInputHandle( PaStream* s, int handleIndex )
+{
+    PaWinMmeStream *stream;
+    PaError result = GetWinMMEStreamPointer( &stream, s );
+
+    if( result == paNoError
+            && PA_IS_INPUT_STREAM_(stream)
+            && handleIndex >= 0
+            && (unsigned int)handleIndex < stream->input.deviceCount )
+        return ((HWAVEIN*)stream->input.waveHandles)[handleIndex];
+    else
+        return 0;
+}
+
+
+int PaWinMME_GetStreamOutputHandleCount( PaStream* s)
+{
+    PaWinMmeStream *stream;
+    PaError result = GetWinMMEStreamPointer( &stream, s );
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+        return (PA_IS_OUTPUT_STREAM_(stream)) ? stream->output.deviceCount : 0;
+    else
+        return result;
+}
+
+
+HWAVEOUT PaWinMME_GetStreamOutputHandle( PaStream* s, int handleIndex )
+{
+    PaWinMmeStream *stream;
+    PaError result = GetWinMMEStreamPointer( &stream, s );
+
+    if( result == paNoError
+            && PA_IS_OUTPUT_STREAM_(stream)
+            && handleIndex >= 0
+            && (unsigned int)handleIndex < stream->output.deviceCount )
+        return ((HWAVEOUT*)stream->output.waveHandles)[handleIndex];
+    else
+        return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/include/pa_asio.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/include/pa_asio.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..27cbd3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/include/pa_asio.h
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+#ifndef PA_ASIO_H
+#define PA_ASIO_H
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * ASIO specific extensions
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2000 Ross Bencina and Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup public_header
+ @brief ASIO-specific PortAudio API extension header file.
+*/
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+/** Retrieve legal native buffer sizes for the specified device, in sample frames.
+
+ @param device The global index of the device about which the query is being made.
+ @param minBufferSizeFrames A pointer to the location which will receive the minimum buffer size value.
+ @param maxBufferSizeFrames A pointer to the location which will receive the maximum buffer size value.
+ @param preferredBufferSizeFrames A pointer to the location which will receive the preferred buffer size value.
+ @param granularity A pointer to the location which will receive the "granularity". This value determines
+ the step size used to compute the legal values between minBufferSizeFrames and maxBufferSizeFrames.
+ If granularity is -1 then available buffer size values are powers of two.
+
+ @see ASIOGetBufferSize in the ASIO SDK.
+
+ @note: this function used to be called PaAsio_GetAvailableLatencyValues. There is a
+ #define that maps PaAsio_GetAvailableLatencyValues to this function for backwards compatibility.
+*/
+PaError PaAsio_GetAvailableBufferSizes( PaDeviceIndex device,
+        long *minBufferSizeFrames, long *maxBufferSizeFrames, long *preferredBufferSizeFrames, long *granularity );
+
+
+/** Backwards compatibility alias for PaAsio_GetAvailableBufferSizes
+
+ @see PaAsio_GetAvailableBufferSizes
+*/
+#define PaAsio_GetAvailableLatencyValues PaAsio_GetAvailableBufferSizes
+
+
+/** Display the ASIO control panel for the specified device.
+
+  @param device The global index of the device whose control panel is to be displayed.
+  @param systemSpecific On Windows, the calling application's main window handle,
+  on Macintosh this value should be zero.
+*/
+PaError PaAsio_ShowControlPanel( PaDeviceIndex device, void* systemSpecific );
+
+
+
+
+/** Retrieve a pointer to a string containing the name of the specified
+ input channel. The string is valid until Pa_Terminate is called.
+
+ The string will be no longer than 32 characters including the null terminator.
+*/
+PaError PaAsio_GetInputChannelName( PaDeviceIndex device, int channelIndex,
+        const char** channelName );
+
+
+/** Retrieve a pointer to a string containing the name of the specified
+ input channel. The string is valid until Pa_Terminate is called.
+
+ The string will be no longer than 32 characters including the null terminator.
+*/
+PaError PaAsio_GetOutputChannelName( PaDeviceIndex device, int channelIndex,
+        const char** channelName );
+
+
+/** Set the sample rate of an open paASIO stream.
+
+ @param stream The stream to operate on.
+ @param sampleRate The new sample rate.
+
+ Note that this function may fail if the stream is already running and the
+ ASIO driver does not support switching the sample rate of a running stream.
+
+ Returns paIncompatibleStreamHostApi if stream is not a paASIO stream.
+*/
+PaError PaAsio_SetStreamSampleRate( PaStream* stream, double sampleRate );
+
+
+#define paAsioUseChannelSelectors      (0x01)
+
+typedef struct PaAsioStreamInfo{
+    unsigned long size;             /**< sizeof(PaAsioStreamInfo) */
+    PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType;    /**< paASIO */
+    unsigned long version;          /**< 1 */
+
+    unsigned long flags;
+
+    /* Support for opening only specific channels of an ASIO device.
+        If the paAsioUseChannelSelectors flag is set, channelSelectors is a
+        pointer to an array of integers specifying the device channels to use.
+        When used, the length of the channelSelectors array must match the
+        corresponding channelCount parameter to Pa_OpenStream() otherwise a
+        crash may result.
+        The values in the selectors array must specify channels within the
+        range of supported channels for the device or paInvalidChannelCount will
+        result.
+    */
+    int *channelSelectors;
+}PaAsioStreamInfo;
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif /* PA_ASIO_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/include/pa_win_ds.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/include/pa_win_ds.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8081abd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/include/pa_win_ds.h
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+#ifndef PA_WIN_DS_H
+#define PA_WIN_DS_H
+/*
+ * $Id:  $
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * DirectSound specific extensions
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2007 Ross Bencina and Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup public_header
+ @brief DirectSound-specific PortAudio API extension header file.
+*/
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_win_waveformat.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+#define paWinDirectSoundUseLowLevelLatencyParameters            (0x01)
+#define paWinDirectSoundUseChannelMask                          (0x04)
+
+
+typedef struct PaWinDirectSoundStreamInfo{
+    unsigned long size;             /**< sizeof(PaWinDirectSoundStreamInfo) */
+    PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType;    /**< paDirectSound */
+    unsigned long version;          /**< 2 */
+
+    unsigned long flags;            /**< enable other features of this struct */
+
+    /**
+       low-level latency setting support
+       Sets the size of the DirectSound host buffer.
+       When flags contains the paWinDirectSoundUseLowLevelLatencyParameters
+       this size will be used instead of interpreting the generic latency
+       parameters to Pa_OpenStream(). If the flag is not set this value is ignored.
+
+       If the stream is a full duplex stream the implementation requires that
+       the values of framesPerBuffer for input and output match (if both are specified).
+    */
+    unsigned long framesPerBuffer;
+
+    /**
+        support for WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE channel masks. If flags contains
+        paWinDirectSoundUseChannelMask this allows you to specify which speakers
+        to address in a multichannel stream. Constants for channelMask
+        are specified in pa_win_waveformat.h
+
+    */
+    PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask channelMask;
+
+}PaWinDirectSoundStreamInfo;
+
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif /* PA_WIN_DS_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/include/pa_win_wasapi.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/include/pa_win_wasapi.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e5736a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/include/pa_win_wasapi.h
@@ -0,0 +1,746 @@
+#ifndef PA_WIN_WASAPI_H
+#define PA_WIN_WASAPI_H
+/*
+ * $Id:  $
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * WASAPI specific extensions
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2018 Ross Bencina and Phil Burk
+ * Copyright (c) 2006-2010 David Viens
+ * Copyright (c) 2010-2022 Dmitry Kostjuchenko
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup public_header
+ @brief WASAPI-specific PortAudio API extension header file.
+*/
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_win_waveformat.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+/* Stream setup flags. */
+typedef enum PaWasapiFlags
+{
+    /* put WASAPI into exclusive mode */
+    paWinWasapiExclusive                = (1 << 0),
+
+    /* allow to skip internal PA processing completely */
+    paWinWasapiRedirectHostProcessor    = (1 << 1),
+
+    /* assign custom channel mask */
+    paWinWasapiUseChannelMask           = (1 << 2),
+
+    /* use Polling method (Event method is the default, see details in the IMPORTANT notes) */
+    paWinWasapiPolling                  = (1 << 3),
+
+    /* force custom thread priority setting, must be used if PaWasapiStreamInfo::threadPriority
+       is set to a custom value */
+    paWinWasapiThreadPriority           = (1 << 4),
+
+    /* force explicit sample format and do not allow PA to select suitable working format, API will
+       fail if provided sample format is not supported by audio hardware in Exclusive mode
+       or system mixer in Shared mode */
+    paWinWasapiExplicitSampleFormat     = (1 << 5),
+
+    /* allow API to insert system-level channel matrix mixer and sample rate converter to allow
+       playback formats that do not match the current configured system settings.
+       this is in particular required for streams not matching the system mixer sample rate.
+       only applies in Shared mode. */
+    paWinWasapiAutoConvert              = (1 << 6)
+}
+PaWasapiFlags;
+#define paWinWasapiExclusive             (paWinWasapiExclusive)
+#define paWinWasapiRedirectHostProcessor (paWinWasapiRedirectHostProcessor)
+#define paWinWasapiUseChannelMask        (paWinWasapiUseChannelMask)
+#define paWinWasapiPolling               (paWinWasapiPolling)
+#define paWinWasapiThreadPriority        (paWinWasapiThreadPriority)
+#define paWinWasapiExplicitSampleFormat  (paWinWasapiExplicitSampleFormat)
+#define paWinWasapiAutoConvert           (paWinWasapiAutoConvert)
+
+
+/* Stream state.
+
+ @note Multiple states can be united into a bitmask.
+ @see  PaWasapiStreamStateCallback, PaWasapi_SetStreamStateHandler
+*/
+typedef enum PaWasapiStreamState
+{
+    /* state change was caused by the error:
+
+       Example:
+       1) If thread execution stopped due to AUDCLNT_E_RESOURCES_INVALIDATED then state
+          value will contain paWasapiStreamStateError|paWasapiStreamStateThreadStop.
+    */
+    paWasapiStreamStateError         = (1 << 0),
+
+    /* processing thread is preparing to start execution */
+    paWasapiStreamStateThreadPrepare = (1 << 1),
+
+    /* processing thread started execution (enters its loop) */
+    paWasapiStreamStateThreadStart   = (1 << 2),
+
+    /* processing thread stopped execution */
+    paWasapiStreamStateThreadStop    = (1 << 3)
+}
+PaWasapiStreamState;
+#define paWasapiStreamStateError         (paWasapiStreamStateError)
+#define paWasapiStreamStateThreadPrepare (paWasapiStreamStateThreadPrepare)
+#define paWasapiStreamStateThreadStart   (paWasapiStreamStateThreadStart)
+#define paWasapiStreamStateThreadStop    (paWasapiStreamStateThreadStop)
+
+
+/* Host processor.
+
+   Allows to skip internal PA processing completely. paWinWasapiRedirectHostProcessor flag
+   must be set to the PaWasapiStreamInfo::flags member in order to have host processor
+   redirected to this callback.
+
+   Use with caution! inputFrames and outputFrames depend solely on final device setup.
+   To query max values of inputFrames/outputFrames use PaWasapi_GetFramesPerHostBuffer.
+*/
+typedef void (*PaWasapiHostProcessorCallback) (void *inputBuffer, long inputFrames,
+    void *outputBuffer, long outputFrames, void *userData);
+
+
+/* Stream state handler.
+
+ @param pStream    Pointer to PaStream object.
+ @param stateFlags State flags, a collection of values from PaWasapiStreamState enum.
+ @param errorId    Error id provided by system API (HRESULT).
+ @param userData   Pointer to user data.
+
+ @see   PaWasapiStreamState
+*/
+typedef void (*PaWasapiStreamStateCallback) (PaStream *pStream, unsigned int stateFlags,
+    unsigned int errorId, void *pUserData);
+
+
+/* Device role. */
+typedef enum PaWasapiDeviceRole
+{
+    eRoleRemoteNetworkDevice = 0,
+    eRoleSpeakers,
+    eRoleLineLevel,
+    eRoleHeadphones,
+    eRoleMicrophone,
+    eRoleHeadset,
+    eRoleHandset,
+    eRoleUnknownDigitalPassthrough,
+    eRoleSPDIF,
+    eRoleHDMI,
+    eRoleUnknownFormFactor
+}
+PaWasapiDeviceRole;
+
+
+/* Jack connection type. */
+typedef enum PaWasapiJackConnectionType
+{
+    eJackConnTypeUnknown,
+    eJackConnType3Point5mm,
+    eJackConnTypeQuarter,
+    eJackConnTypeAtapiInternal,
+    eJackConnTypeRCA,
+    eJackConnTypeOptical,
+    eJackConnTypeOtherDigital,
+    eJackConnTypeOtherAnalog,
+    eJackConnTypeMultichannelAnalogDIN,
+    eJackConnTypeXlrProfessional,
+    eJackConnTypeRJ11Modem,
+    eJackConnTypeCombination
+}
+PaWasapiJackConnectionType;
+
+
+/* Jack geometric location. */
+typedef enum PaWasapiJackGeoLocation
+{
+    eJackGeoLocUnk = 0,
+    eJackGeoLocRear = 0x1, /* matches EPcxGeoLocation::eGeoLocRear */
+    eJackGeoLocFront,
+    eJackGeoLocLeft,
+    eJackGeoLocRight,
+    eJackGeoLocTop,
+    eJackGeoLocBottom,
+    eJackGeoLocRearPanel,
+    eJackGeoLocRiser,
+    eJackGeoLocInsideMobileLid,
+    eJackGeoLocDrivebay,
+    eJackGeoLocHDMI,
+    eJackGeoLocOutsideMobileLid,
+    eJackGeoLocATAPI,
+    eJackGeoLocReserved5,
+    eJackGeoLocReserved6,
+}
+PaWasapiJackGeoLocation;
+
+
+/* Jack general location. */
+typedef enum PaWasapiJackGenLocation
+{
+    eJackGenLocPrimaryBox = 0,
+    eJackGenLocInternal,
+    eJackGenLocSeparate,
+    eJackGenLocOther
+}
+PaWasapiJackGenLocation;
+
+
+/* Jack's type of port. */
+typedef enum PaWasapiJackPortConnection
+{
+    eJackPortConnJack = 0,
+    eJackPortConnIntegratedDevice,
+    eJackPortConnBothIntegratedAndJack,
+    eJackPortConnUnknown
+}
+PaWasapiJackPortConnection;
+
+
+/* Thread priority. */
+typedef enum PaWasapiThreadPriority
+{
+    eThreadPriorityNone = 0,
+    eThreadPriorityAudio,           //!< Default for Shared mode.
+    eThreadPriorityCapture,
+    eThreadPriorityDistribution,
+    eThreadPriorityGames,
+    eThreadPriorityPlayback,
+    eThreadPriorityProAudio,        //!< Default for Exclusive mode.
+    eThreadPriorityWindowManager
+}
+PaWasapiThreadPriority;
+
+
+/* Stream descriptor. */
+typedef struct PaWasapiJackDescription
+{
+    unsigned long              channelMapping;
+    unsigned long              color; /* derived from macro: #define RGB(r,g,b) ((COLORREF)(((BYTE)(r)|((WORD)((BYTE)(g))<<8))|(((DWORD)(BYTE)(b))<<16))) */
+    PaWasapiJackConnectionType connectionType;
+    PaWasapiJackGeoLocation    geoLocation;
+    PaWasapiJackGenLocation    genLocation;
+    PaWasapiJackPortConnection portConnection;
+    unsigned int               isConnected;
+}
+PaWasapiJackDescription;
+
+
+/** Stream category.
+   Note:
+    - values are equal to WASAPI AUDIO_STREAM_CATEGORY enum
+    - supported since Windows 8.0, noop on earlier versions
+    - values 1,2 are deprecated on Windows 10 and not included into enumeration
+
+ @version Available as of 19.6.0
+*/
+typedef enum PaWasapiStreamCategory
+{
+    eAudioCategoryOther           = 0,
+    eAudioCategoryCommunications  = 3,
+    eAudioCategoryAlerts          = 4,
+    eAudioCategorySoundEffects    = 5,
+    eAudioCategoryGameEffects     = 6,
+    eAudioCategoryGameMedia       = 7,
+    eAudioCategoryGameChat        = 8,
+    eAudioCategorySpeech          = 9,
+    eAudioCategoryMovie           = 10,
+    eAudioCategoryMedia           = 11
+}
+PaWasapiStreamCategory;
+
+
+/** Stream option.
+   Note:
+    - values are equal to WASAPI AUDCLNT_STREAMOPTIONS enum
+    - supported since Windows 8.1, noop on earlier versions
+
+ @version Available as of 19.6.0
+*/
+typedef enum PaWasapiStreamOption
+{
+    eStreamOptionNone        = 0, //!< default
+    eStreamOptionRaw         = 1, //!< bypass WASAPI Audio Engine DSP effects, supported since Windows 8.1
+    eStreamOptionMatchFormat = 2  //!< force WASAPI Audio Engine into a stream format, supported since Windows 10
+}
+PaWasapiStreamOption;
+
+
+/* Stream descriptor. */
+typedef struct PaWasapiStreamInfo
+{
+    unsigned long size;             /**< sizeof(PaWasapiStreamInfo) */
+    PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType;    /**< paWASAPI */
+    unsigned long version;          /**< 1 */
+
+    unsigned long flags;            /**< collection of PaWasapiFlags */
+
+    /** Support for WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE channel masks. If flags contains
+       paWinWasapiUseChannelMask this allows you to specify which speakers
+       to address in a multichannel stream. Constants for channelMask
+       are specified in pa_win_waveformat.h. Will be used only if
+       paWinWasapiUseChannelMask flag is specified.
+    */
+    PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask channelMask;
+
+    /** Delivers raw data to callback obtained from GetBuffer() methods skipping
+       internal PortAudio processing inventory completely. userData parameter will
+       be the same that was passed to Pa_OpenStream method. Will be used only if
+       paWinWasapiRedirectHostProcessor flag is specified.
+    */
+    PaWasapiHostProcessorCallback hostProcessorOutput;
+    PaWasapiHostProcessorCallback hostProcessorInput;
+
+    /** Specifies thread priority explicitly. Will be used only if paWinWasapiThreadPriority flag
+       is specified.
+
+       Please note, if Input/Output streams are opened simultaneously (Full-Duplex mode)
+       you shall specify same value for threadPriority or othervise one of the values will be used
+       to setup thread priority.
+    */
+    PaWasapiThreadPriority threadPriority;
+
+    /** Stream category.
+     @see PaWasapiStreamCategory
+     @version Available as of 19.6.0
+    */
+    PaWasapiStreamCategory streamCategory;
+
+    /** Stream option.
+     @see PaWasapiStreamOption
+     @version Available as of 19.6.0
+    */
+    PaWasapiStreamOption streamOption;
+}
+PaWasapiStreamInfo;
+
+
+/** Returns pointer to WASAPI's IAudioClient object of the stream.
+
+ @param pStream      Pointer to PaStream object.
+ @param pAudioClient Pointer to pointer of IAudioClient.
+ @param bOutput      TRUE (1) for output stream, FALSE (0) for input stream.
+
+ @return Error code indicating success or failure.
+*/
+PaError PaWasapi_GetAudioClient( PaStream *pStream, void **pAudioClient, int bOutput );
+
+
+/** Update device list.
+
+    This function is available if PA_WASAPI_MAX_CONST_DEVICE_COUNT is defined during compile time
+    with maximum constant WASAPI device count (recommended value - 32).
+    If PA_WASAPI_MAX_CONST_DEVICE_COUNT is set to 0 (or not defined) during compile time the implementation
+    will not define PaWasapi_UpdateDeviceList() and thus updating device list can only be possible by calling
+    Pa_Terminate() and then Pa_Initialize().
+
+ @return Error code indicating success or failure.
+*/
+PaError PaWasapi_UpdateDeviceList();
+
+
+/** Get current audio format of the device assigned to the opened stream.
+
+    Format is represented by PaWinWaveFormat or WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE structure.
+    Use this function to reconfirm format if PA's processor is overridden and
+    paWinWasapiRedirectHostProcessor flag is specified.
+
+ @param pStream    Pointer to PaStream object.
+ @param pFormat    Pointer to PaWinWaveFormat or WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE structure.
+ @param formatSize Size of PaWinWaveFormat or WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE structure in bytes.
+ @param bOutput    TRUE (1) for output stream, FALSE (0) for input stream.
+
+ @return Non-negative value indicating the number of bytes copied into format descriptor
+         or, a PaErrorCode (which is always negative) if PortAudio is not initialized
+         or an error is encountered.
+*/
+int PaWasapi_GetDeviceCurrentFormat( PaStream *pStream, void *pFormat, unsigned int formatSize, int bOutput );
+
+
+/** Get default audio format for the device in Shared Mode.
+
+    Format is represented by PaWinWaveFormat or WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE structure and obtained
+    by getting the device property with a PKEY_AudioEngine_DeviceFormat key.
+
+ @param  pFormat    Pointer to PaWinWaveFormat or WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE structure.
+ @param  formatSize Size of PaWinWaveFormat or WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE structure in bytes.
+ @param  device     Device index.
+
+ @return Non-negative value indicating the number of bytes copied into format descriptor
+         or, a PaErrorCode (which is always negative) if PortAudio is not initialized
+         or an error is encountered.
+*/
+int PaWasapi_GetDeviceDefaultFormat( void *pFormat, unsigned int formatSize, PaDeviceIndex device );
+
+
+/** Get mix audio format for the device in Shared Mode.
+
+    Format is represented by PaWinWaveFormat or WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE structureand obtained by
+    IAudioClient::GetMixFormat.
+
+ @param  pFormat    Pointer to PaWinWaveFormat or WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE structure.
+ @param  formatSize Size of PaWinWaveFormat or WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE structure in bytes.
+ @param  device     Device index.
+
+ @return Non-negative value indicating the number of bytes copied into format descriptor
+         or, a PaErrorCode (which is always negative) if PortAudio is not initialized
+         or an error is encountered.
+*/
+int PaWasapi_GetDeviceMixFormat( void *pFormat, unsigned int formatSize, PaDeviceIndex device );
+
+
+/** Get device role (PaWasapiDeviceRole enum).
+
+ @param  device Device index.
+
+ @return Non-negative value indicating device role or, a PaErrorCode (which is always negative)
+         if PortAudio is not initialized or an error is encountered.
+*/
+int/*PaWasapiDeviceRole*/ PaWasapi_GetDeviceRole( PaDeviceIndex device );
+
+
+/** Get device IMMDevice pointer.
+
+ @param device Device index.
+ @param pAudioClient Pointer to pointer of IMMDevice.
+
+ @return Error code indicating success or failure.
+*/
+PaError PaWasapi_GetIMMDevice( PaDeviceIndex device, void **pIMMDevice );
+
+
+/** Get device loopback state: 
+
+    0 - Not loopback, 
+    1 - Loopback, 
+    negative - PaErrorCode.
+
+ @param device Device index.
+
+ @return Non-negative value indicating loopback state or, a PaErrorCode (which is always negative)
+         if PortAudio is not initialized or an error is encountered.
+*/
+int PaWasapi_IsLoopback( PaDeviceIndex device );
+
+
+/** Boost thread priority of calling thread (MMCSS).
+
+    Use it for Blocking Interface only inside the thread which makes calls to Pa_WriteStream/Pa_ReadStream.
+
+ @param  pTask          Handle to pointer to priority task. Must be used with PaWasapi_RevertThreadPriority
+                        method to revert thread priority to initial state.
+
+ @param  priorityClass  Id of thread priority of PaWasapiThreadPriority type. Specifying
+                        eThreadPriorityNone does nothing.
+
+ @return Error code indicating success or failure.
+ @see    PaWasapi_RevertThreadPriority
+*/
+PaError PaWasapi_ThreadPriorityBoost( void **pTask, PaWasapiThreadPriority priorityClass );
+
+
+/** Boost thread priority of calling thread (MMCSS).
+
+    Use it for Blocking Interface only inside the thread which makes calls to Pa_WriteStream/Pa_ReadStream.
+
+ @param  pTask Task handle obtained by PaWasapi_BoostThreadPriority method.
+
+ @return Error code indicating success or failure.
+ @see    PaWasapi_BoostThreadPriority
+*/
+PaError PaWasapi_ThreadPriorityRevert( void *pTask );
+
+
+/** Get number of frames per host buffer.
+
+    It is max value of frames of WASAPI buffer which can be locked for operations.
+    Use this method as helper to find out max values of inputFrames/outputFrames
+    of PaWasapiHostProcessorCallback.
+
+ @param  pStream Pointer to PaStream object.
+ @param  pInput  Pointer to variable to receive number of input frames. Can be NULL.
+ @param  pOutput Pointer to variable to receive number of output frames. Can be NULL.
+
+ @return Error code indicating success or failure.
+ @see    PaWasapiHostProcessorCallback
+*/
+PaError PaWasapi_GetFramesPerHostBuffer( PaStream *pStream, unsigned int *pInput, unsigned int *pOutput );
+
+
+/** Get number of jacks associated with a WASAPI device.
+
+    Use this method to determine if there are any jacks associated with the provided WASAPI device.
+    Not all audio devices will support this capability. This is valid for both input and output devices.
+
+ @note   Not available on UWP platform.
+
+ @param  device     Device index.
+ @param  pJackCount Pointer to variable to receive number of jacks.
+
+ @return Error code indicating success or failure.
+ @see    PaWasapi_GetJackDescription
+ */
+PaError PaWasapi_GetJackCount( PaDeviceIndex device, int *pJackCount );
+
+
+/** Get the jack description associated with a WASAPI device and jack number.
+
+    Before this function is called, use PaWasapi_GetJackCount to determine the
+    number of jacks associated with device.  If jcount is greater than zero, then
+    each jack from 0 to jcount can be queried with this function to get the jack
+    description.
+
+ @note   Not available on UWP platform.
+
+ @param  device           Device index.
+ @param  jackIndex        Jack index.
+ @param  pJackDescription Pointer to PaWasapiJackDescription.
+
+ @return Error code indicating success or failure.
+ @see PaWasapi_GetJackCount
+ */
+PaError PaWasapi_GetJackDescription( PaDeviceIndex device, int jackIndex, PaWasapiJackDescription *pJackDescription );
+
+
+/** Set stream state handler.
+
+ @param  pStream        Pointer to PaStream object.
+ @param  fnStateHandler Pointer to state handling function.
+ @param  pUserData      Pointer to user data.
+
+ @return Error code indicating success or failure.
+*/
+PaError PaWasapi_SetStreamStateHandler( PaStream *pStream, PaWasapiStreamStateCallback fnStateHandler, void *pUserData );
+
+
+/** Set default device Id.
+
+    By default implementation will use the DEVINTERFACE_AUDIO_RENDER and
+    DEVINTERFACE_AUDIO_CAPTURE Ids if device Id is not provided explicitly. These default Ids
+    will not allow to use Exclusive mode on UWP/WinRT platform and thus you must provide
+    device Id explicitly via this API before calling the Pa_OpenStream().
+
+    Device Ids on UWP platform are obtainable via:
+    Windows::Media::Devices::MediaDevice::GetDefaultAudioRenderId() or
+    Windows::Media::Devices::MediaDevice::GetDefaultAudioCaptureId() API.
+
+    After the call completes, memory referenced by pointers can be freed, as implementation keeps its own copy.
+
+    Call this function before calling Pa_IsFormatSupported() when Exclusive mode is requested.
+
+    See an example in the IMPORTANT notes.
+
+ @note   UWP/WinRT platform only.
+
+ @param  pId     Device Id, pointer to the 16-bit Unicode string (WCHAR). If NULL then device Id
+                 will be reset to the default, e.g. DEVINTERFACE_AUDIO_RENDER or DEVINTERFACE_AUDIO_CAPTURE.
+ @param  bOutput TRUE (1) for output (render), FALSE (0) for input (capture).
+
+ @return Error code indicating success or failure. Will return paIncompatibleStreamHostApi if library is not compiled
+         for UWP/WinRT platform. If Id is longer than PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_ID_LEN characters paBufferTooBig will
+         be returned.
+*/
+PaError PaWasapiWinrt_SetDefaultDeviceId( const unsigned short *pId, int bOutput );
+
+
+/** Populate the device list.
+
+    By default the implementation will rely on DEVINTERFACE_AUDIO_RENDER and DEVINTERFACE_AUDIO_CAPTURE as
+    default devices. If device Id is provided by PaWasapiWinrt_SetDefaultDeviceId() then those
+    device Ids will be used as default and only devices for the device list.
+
+    By populating the device list you can provide an additional available audio devices of the system to PA
+    which are obtainable by:
+    Windows::Devices::Enumeration::DeviceInformation::FindAllAsync(selector) where selector is obtainable by
+    Windows::Media::Devices::MediaDevice::GetAudioRenderSelector() or
+    Windows::Media::Devices::MediaDevice::GetAudioCaptureSelector() API.
+
+    After the call completes, memory referenced by pointers can be freed, as implementation keeps its own copy.
+
+    You must call PaWasapi_UpdateDeviceList() to update the internal device list of the implementation after
+    calling this function.
+
+    See an example in the IMPORTANT notes.
+
+ @note   UWP/WinRT platform only.
+
+ @param  pId     Array of device Ids, pointer to the array of pointers of 16-bit Unicode string (WCHAR). If NULL
+                 and count is also 0 then device Ids will be reset to the default. Required.
+ @param  pName   Array of device Names, pointer to the array of pointers of 16-bit Unicode string (WCHAR). Optional.
+ @param  pRole   Array of device Roles, see PaWasapiDeviceRole and PaWasapi_GetDeviceRole() for more details. Optional.
+ @param  count   Number of devices, the number of array elements (pId, pName, pRole). Maximum count of devices
+                 is limited by PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_MAX_COUNT.
+ @param  bOutput TRUE (1) for output (render), FALSE (0) for input (capture).
+
+ @return Error code indicating success or failure. Will return paIncompatibleStreamHostApi if library is not compiled
+         for UWP/WinRT platform. If Id is longer than PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_ID_LEN characters paBufferTooBig will
+         be returned. If Name is longer than PA_WASAPI_DEVICE_NAME_LEN characters paBufferTooBig will
+         be returned.
+*/
+PaError PaWasapiWinrt_PopulateDeviceList( const unsigned short **pId, const unsigned short **pName,
+    const PaWasapiDeviceRole *pRole, unsigned int count, int bOutput );
+
+
+/*
+    IMPORTANT:
+
+    WASAPI is implemented for Callback and Blocking interfaces. It supports Shared and Exclusive
+    share modes.
+
+    Exclusive Mode:
+
+        Exclusive mode allows to deliver audio data directly to hardware bypassing
+        software mixing.
+        Exclusive mode is specified by 'paWinWasapiExclusive' flag.
+
+    Callback Interface:
+
+        Provides best audio quality with low latency. Callback interface is implemented in
+        two versions:
+
+        1) Event-driven:
+        It is the most powerful data processing method which provides glitch-free audio with
+        around 3 ms latency in Exclusive mode. Lowest possible latency for this mode is
+        3 ms for HD Audio class audio chips. For the Shared mode latency can not be
+        lower than 20 ms. This method consumes slightly less CPU in comparison to Polling.
+        It is the default processing method unless 'paWinWasapiPolling' is specified.
+
+        2) Poll-driven:
+        Polling is an alternative to Event-driven processing. Due to its nature Polling consumes
+        slightly more CPU. This method is less efficient than Event-driven and its lowest possible
+        latency is around 10-13 ms.
+        Note: Newer Windows versions (for example 11) allow to achieve similar to Event-driven
+        low latency.
+        Note: Polling must be used to overcome system bug of Windows Vista (x64) when application
+        is WOW64 (32-bit process running on 64-bit OS) that results in WASAPI callback timeout if
+        Event-driven method is selected (event handle is never signalled on buffer completion).
+        This WOW64 bug does not exist in Windows Vista (x86) or Windows 7 or newer Windows versions.
+        Polling can be activated by specifying 'paWinWasapiPolling' flag. Our implementation
+        detects WOW64 bug and sets 'paWinWasapiPolling' automatically.
+
+    Thread priority:
+
+        Normally thread priority is set automatically and does not require modification. Although
+        if user wants some tweaking thread priority can be modified by setting 'paWinWasapiThreadPriority'
+        flag and specifying 'PaWasapiStreamInfo::threadPriority' with value from PaWasapiThreadPriority
+        enum.
+
+    Blocking Interface:
+
+        Blocking interface is implemented but due to above described Poll-Driven method can not
+        deliver lowest possible latency. Specifying too low latency in Shared mode will result in
+        distorted audio although Exclusive mode adds stability.
+
+    8.24 format:
+
+        If paCustomFormat is specified as sample format then the implementation will understand it
+        as valid 24-bits inside 32-bit container (e.g. wBitsPerSample = 32, Samples.wValidBitsPerSample = 24).
+
+        By using paCustomFormat there will be small optimization when samples are be copied
+        with Copy_24_To_24 by PA processor instead of conversion from packed 3-byte (24-bit) data
+        with Int24_To_Int32.
+
+    Pa_IsFormatSupported:
+
+        To check format with correct Share Mode (Exclusive/Shared) you must supply PaWasapiStreamInfo
+        with flags paWinWasapiExclusive set through member of PaStreamParameters::hostApiSpecificStreamInfo
+        structure.
+
+        If paWinWasapiExplicitSampleFormat flag is provided then implementation will not try to select
+        suitable close format and will return an error instead of paFormatIsSupported. By specifying
+        paWinWasapiExplicitSampleFormat flag it is possible to find out what sample formats are
+        supported by Exclusive or Shared modes.
+
+    Pa_OpenStream:
+
+        To set desired Share Mode (Exclusive/Shared) you must supply
+        PaWasapiStreamInfo with flags paWinWasapiExclusive set through member of
+        PaStreamParameters::hostApiSpecificStreamInfo structure.
+
+    Coding style for parameters and structure members of the public API:
+
+        1) bXXX - boolean, [1 (TRUE), 0 (FALSE)]
+        2) pXXX - pointer
+        3) fnXXX - pointer to function
+        4) structure members are never prefixed with a type distinguisher
+
+
+    UWP/WinRT:
+
+        This platform has number of limitations which do not allow to enumerate audio devices without
+        an additional external help. Enumeration is possible though from C++/CX, check the related API
+        Windows::Devices::Enumeration::DeviceInformation::FindAllAsync().
+
+        The main limitation is an absence of the device enumeration from inside the PA's implementation.
+        This problem can be solved by using the following functions:
+
+        PaWasapiWinrt_SetDefaultDeviceId() - to set default input/output device,
+        PaWasapiWinrt_PopulateDeviceList() - to populate device list with devices.
+
+        Here is an example of populating the device list which can also be updated dynamically depending on
+        whether device was removed from or added to the system:
+
+        ----------------
+
+        std::vector<const UINT16 *> ids, names;
+        std::vector<PaWasapiDeviceRole> role;
+
+        ids.resize(count);
+        names.resize(count);
+        role.resize(count);
+
+        for (UINT32 i = 0; i < count; ++i)
+        {
+            ids[i]   = (const UINT16 *)device_ids[i].c_str();
+            names[i] = (const UINT16 *)device_names[i].c_str();
+            role[i]  = eRoleUnknownFormFactor;
+        }
+
+        PaWasapiWinrt_SetDefaultDeviceId((const UINT16 *)default_device_id.c_str(), !capture);
+        PaWasapiWinrt_PopulateDeviceList(ids.data(), names.data(), role.data(), count, !capture);
+        PaWasapi_UpdateDeviceList();
+
+        ----------------
+*/
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif /* PA_WIN_WASAPI_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/include/pa_win_waveformat.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/include/pa_win_waveformat.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..251562d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/include/pa_win_waveformat.h
@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+#ifndef PA_WIN_WAVEFORMAT_H
+#define PA_WIN_WAVEFORMAT_H
+
+/*
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * Windows WAVEFORMAT* data structure utilities
+ * portaudio.h should be included before this file.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007 Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup public_header
+ @brief Windows specific PortAudio API extension and utilities header file.
+*/
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/*
+    The following #defines for speaker channel masks are the same
+    as those in ksmedia.h, except with PAWIN_ prepended, KSAUDIO_ removed
+    in some cases, and casts to PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask added.
+*/
+
+typedef unsigned long PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask;
+
+/* Speaker Positions: */
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT                ((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x1)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT               ((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x2)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER              ((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x4)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY             ((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x8)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT                 ((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x10)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT                ((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x20)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT_OF_CENTER      ((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x40)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT_OF_CENTER     ((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x80)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_CENTER               ((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x100)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_SIDE_LEFT                 ((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x200)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_SIDE_RIGHT                ((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x400)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_TOP_CENTER                ((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x800)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_TOP_FRONT_LEFT            ((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x1000)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_TOP_FRONT_CENTER          ((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x2000)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_TOP_FRONT_RIGHT           ((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x4000)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_TOP_BACK_LEFT             ((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x8000)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_TOP_BACK_CENTER           ((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x10000)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_TOP_BACK_RIGHT            ((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x20000)
+
+/* Bit mask locations reserved for future use */
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_RESERVED                  ((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x7FFC0000)
+
+/* Used to specify that any possible permutation of speaker configurations */
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_ALL                       ((PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask)0x80000000)
+
+/* DirectSound Speaker Config */
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_DIRECTOUT                 0
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_MONO                      (PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_STEREO                    (PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_QUAD                      (PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT | \
+                                                    PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT  | PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_SURROUND                  (PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT | \
+                                                    PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER | PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_CENTER)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1                   (PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT | \
+                                                    PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER | PAWIN_SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY | \
+                                                    PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT  | PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1                   (PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT | \
+                                                    PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER | PAWIN_SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY | \
+                                                    PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT | \
+                                                    PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT_OF_CENTER | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT_OF_CENTER)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1_SURROUND          (PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT | \
+                                                    PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER | PAWIN_SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY | \
+                                                    PAWIN_SPEAKER_SIDE_LEFT  | PAWIN_SPEAKER_SIDE_RIGHT)
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1_SURROUND          (PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT | \
+                                                    PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER | PAWIN_SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY | \
+                                                    PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT | \
+                                                    PAWIN_SPEAKER_SIDE_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_SIDE_RIGHT)
+/*
+ According to the Microsoft documentation:
+ The following are obsolete 5.1 and 7.1 settings (they lack side speakers).  Note this means
+ that the default 5.1 and 7.1 settings (KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_5POINT1 and KSAUDIO_SPEAKER_7POINT1 are
+ similarly obsolete but are unchanged for compatibility reasons).
+*/
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1_BACK              PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1_WIDE              PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1
+
+/* DVD Speaker Positions */
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_GROUND_FRONT_LEFT         PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_GROUND_FRONT_CENTER       PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_GROUND_FRONT_RIGHT        PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_GROUND_REAR_LEFT          PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_GROUND_REAR_RIGHT         PAWIN_SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_TOP_MIDDLE                PAWIN_SPEAKER_TOP_CENTER
+#define PAWIN_SPEAKER_SUPER_WOOFER              PAWIN_SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY
+
+
+/*
+    PaWinWaveFormat is defined here to provide compatibility with
+    compilation environments which don't have headers defining
+    WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE (e.g. older versions of MSVC, Borland C++ etc.
+
+    The fields for WAVEFORMATEX and WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE are declared as an
+    unsigned char array here to avoid clients who include this file having
+    a dependency on windows.h and mmsystem.h, and also to to avoid having
+    to write separate packing pragmas for each compiler.
+*/
+#define PAWIN_SIZEOF_WAVEFORMATEX   18
+#define PAWIN_SIZEOF_WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE (PAWIN_SIZEOF_WAVEFORMATEX + 22)
+
+typedef struct{
+    unsigned char fields[ PAWIN_SIZEOF_WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE ];
+    unsigned long extraLongForAlignment; /* ensure that compiler aligns struct to DWORD */
+} PaWinWaveFormat;
+
+/*
+    WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE fields:
+
+    union  {
+        WORD  wValidBitsPerSample;
+        WORD  wSamplesPerBlock;
+        WORD  wReserved;
+    } Samples;
+    DWORD  dwChannelMask;
+    GUID  SubFormat;
+*/
+
+#define PAWIN_INDEXOF_WVALIDBITSPERSAMPLE       (PAWIN_SIZEOF_WAVEFORMATEX+0)
+#define PAWIN_INDEXOF_DWCHANNELMASK             (PAWIN_SIZEOF_WAVEFORMATEX+2)
+#define PAWIN_INDEXOF_SUBFORMAT                 (PAWIN_SIZEOF_WAVEFORMATEX+6)
+
+
+/*
+    Valid values to pass for the waveFormatTag PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatEx and
+    PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatExtensible functions below. These must match
+    the standard Windows WAVE_FORMAT_* values.
+*/
+#define PAWIN_WAVE_FORMAT_PCM                   (1)
+#define PAWIN_WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT            (3)
+#define PAWIN_WAVE_FORMAT_DOLBY_AC3_SPDIF       (0x0092)
+#define PAWIN_WAVE_FORMAT_WMA_SPDIF             (0x0164)
+
+
+/*
+    returns PAWIN_WAVE_FORMAT_PCM or PAWIN_WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT
+    depending on the sampleFormat parameter.
+*/
+int PaWin_SampleFormatToLinearWaveFormatTag( PaSampleFormat sampleFormat );
+
+/*
+    Use the following two functions to initialize the waveformat structure.
+*/
+
+void PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatEx( PaWinWaveFormat *waveFormat,
+        int numChannels, PaSampleFormat sampleFormat, int waveFormatTag, double sampleRate );
+
+
+void PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatExtensible( PaWinWaveFormat *waveFormat,
+        int numChannels, PaSampleFormat sampleFormat, int waveFormatTag, double sampleRate,
+        PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask channelMask );
+
+
+/* Map a channel count to a speaker channel mask */
+PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask PaWin_DefaultChannelMask( int numChannels );
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif /* PA_WIN_WAVEFORMAT_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/include/pa_win_wdmks.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/include/pa_win_wdmks.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc2f689
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/include/pa_win_wdmks.h
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+#ifndef PA_WIN_WDMKS_H
+#define PA_WIN_WDMKS_H
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * WDM/KS specific extensions
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2007 Ross Bencina and Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup public_header
+ @brief WDM Kernel Streaming-specific PortAudio API extension header file.
+*/
+
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+
+#include <windows.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+    /** Flags to indicate valid fields in PaWinWDMKSInfo.
+     @see PaWinWDMKSInfo
+     @version Available as of 19.5.0.
+    */
+    typedef enum PaWinWDMKSFlags
+    {
+        /** Makes WDMKS use the supplied latency figures instead of relying on the frame size reported
+         by the WaveCyclic device. Use at own risk!
+        */
+        paWinWDMKSOverrideFramesize   = (1 << 0),
+
+        /** Makes WDMKS (output stream) use the given channelMask instead of the default.
+          @version Available as of 19.5.0.
+        */
+        paWinWDMKSUseGivenChannelMask = (1 << 1),
+
+    } PaWinWDMKSFlags;
+
+    typedef struct PaWinWDMKSInfo{
+        unsigned long size;             /**< sizeof(PaWinWDMKSInfo) */
+        PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType;    /**< paWDMKS */
+        unsigned long version;          /**< 1 */
+
+        /** Flags indicate which fields are valid.
+         @see PaWinWDMKSFlags
+         @version Available as of 19.5.0.
+        */
+        unsigned long flags;
+
+        /** The number of packets to use for WaveCyclic devices, range is [2, 8]. Set to zero for default value of 2. */
+        unsigned noOfPackets;
+
+        /** If paWinWDMKSUseGivenChannelMask bit is set in flags, use this as channelMask instead of default.
+         @see PaWinWDMKSFlags
+         @version Available as of 19.5.0.
+        */
+        unsigned channelMask;
+    } PaWinWDMKSInfo;
+
+    typedef enum PaWDMKSType
+    {
+        Type_kNotUsed,
+        Type_kWaveCyclic,
+        Type_kWaveRT,
+        Type_kCnt,
+    } PaWDMKSType;
+
+    typedef enum PaWDMKSSubType
+    {
+        SubType_kUnknown,
+        SubType_kNotification,
+        SubType_kPolled,
+        SubType_kCnt,
+    } PaWDMKSSubType;
+
+    typedef struct PaWinWDMKSDeviceInfo {
+        wchar_t filterPath[MAX_PATH];     /**< KS filter path in Unicode! */
+        wchar_t topologyPath[MAX_PATH];   /**< Topology filter path in Unicode! */
+        PaWDMKSType streamingType;
+        GUID deviceProductGuid;           /**< The product GUID of the device (if supported) */
+    } PaWinWDMKSDeviceInfo;
+
+    typedef struct PaWDMKSDirectionSpecificStreamInfo
+    {
+        PaDeviceIndex device;
+        unsigned channels;                  /**< No of channels the device is opened with */
+        unsigned framesPerHostBuffer;       /**< No of frames of the device buffer */
+        int endpointPinId;                  /**< Endpoint pin ID (on topology filter if topologyName is not empty) */
+        int muxNodeId;                      /**< Only valid for input */
+        PaWDMKSSubType streamingSubType;       /**< Not known until device is opened for streaming */
+    } PaWDMKSDirectionSpecificStreamInfo;
+
+    typedef struct PaWDMKSSpecificStreamInfo {
+        PaWDMKSDirectionSpecificStreamInfo input;
+        PaWDMKSDirectionSpecificStreamInfo output;
+    } PaWDMKSSpecificStreamInfo;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif /* PA_WIN_DS_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/include/pa_win_wmme.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/include/pa_win_wmme.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..814022b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/include/pa_win_wmme.h
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+#ifndef PA_WIN_WMME_H
+#define PA_WIN_WMME_H
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * MME specific extensions
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2000 Ross Bencina and Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup public_header
+ @brief WMME-specific PortAudio API extension header file.
+*/
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_win_waveformat.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+/* The following are flags which can be set in
+  PaWinMmeStreamInfo's flags field.
+*/
+
+#define paWinMmeUseLowLevelLatencyParameters            (0x01)
+#define paWinMmeUseMultipleDevices                      (0x02)  /* use mme specific multiple device feature */
+#define paWinMmeUseChannelMask                          (0x04)
+
+/* By default, the mme implementation drops the processing thread's priority
+    to THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL and sleeps the thread if the CPU load exceeds 100%
+    This flag disables any priority throttling. The processing thread will always
+    run at THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL.
+*/
+#define paWinMmeDontThrottleOverloadedProcessingThread  (0x08)
+
+/*  Flags for non-PCM spdif passthrough.
+*/
+#define paWinMmeWaveFormatDolbyAc3Spdif                 (0x10)
+#define paWinMmeWaveFormatWmaSpdif                      (0x20)
+
+
+typedef struct PaWinMmeDeviceAndChannelCount{
+    PaDeviceIndex device;
+    int channelCount;
+}PaWinMmeDeviceAndChannelCount;
+
+
+typedef struct PaWinMmeStreamInfo{
+    unsigned long size;             /**< sizeof(PaWinMmeStreamInfo) */
+    PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType;    /**< paMME */
+    unsigned long version;          /**< 1 */
+
+    unsigned long flags;
+
+    /* low-level latency setting support
+        These settings control the number and size of host buffers in order
+        to set latency. They will be used instead of the generic parameters
+        to Pa_OpenStream() if flags contains the PaWinMmeUseLowLevelLatencyParameters
+        flag.
+
+        If PaWinMmeStreamInfo structures with PaWinMmeUseLowLevelLatencyParameters
+        are supplied for both input and output in a full duplex stream, then the
+        input and output framesPerBuffer must be the same, or the larger of the
+        two must be a multiple of the smaller, otherwise a
+        paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo error will be returned from
+        Pa_OpenStream().
+    */
+    unsigned long framesPerBuffer;
+    unsigned long bufferCount;  /* formerly numBuffers */
+
+    /* multiple devices per direction support
+        If flags contains the PaWinMmeUseMultipleDevices flag,
+        this functionality will be used, otherwise the device parameter to
+        Pa_OpenStream() will be used instead.
+        If devices are specified here, the corresponding device parameter
+        to Pa_OpenStream() should be set to paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification,
+        otherwise an paInvalidDevice error will result.
+        The total number of channels across all specified devices
+        must agree with the corresponding channelCount parameter to
+        Pa_OpenStream() otherwise a paInvalidChannelCount error will result.
+    */
+    PaWinMmeDeviceAndChannelCount *devices;
+    unsigned long deviceCount;
+
+    /*
+        support for WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE channel masks. If flags contains
+        paWinMmeUseChannelMask this allows you to specify which speakers
+        to address in a multichannel stream. Constants for channelMask
+        are specified in pa_win_waveformat.h
+
+    */
+    PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask channelMask;
+
+}PaWinMmeStreamInfo;
+
+
+/** Retrieve the number of wave in handles used by a PortAudio WinMME stream.
+ Returns zero if the stream is output only.
+
+ @return A non-negative value indicating the number of wave in handles
+ or, a PaErrorCode (which are always negative) if PortAudio is not initialized
+ or an error is encountered.
+
+ @see PaWinMME_GetStreamInputHandle
+*/
+int PaWinMME_GetStreamInputHandleCount( PaStream* stream );
+
+
+/** Retrieve a wave in handle used by a PortAudio WinMME stream.
+
+ @param stream The stream to query.
+ @param handleIndex The zero based index of the wave in handle to retrieve. This
+    should be in the range [0, PaWinMME_GetStreamInputHandleCount(stream)-1].
+
+ @return A valid wave in handle, or NULL if an error occurred.
+
+ @see PaWinMME_GetStreamInputHandle
+*/
+HWAVEIN PaWinMME_GetStreamInputHandle( PaStream* stream, int handleIndex );
+
+
+/** Retrieve the number of wave out handles used by a PortAudio WinMME stream.
+ Returns zero if the stream is input only.
+
+ @return A non-negative value indicating the number of wave out handles
+ or, a PaErrorCode (which are always negative) if PortAudio is not initialized
+ or an error is encountered.
+
+ @see PaWinMME_GetStreamOutputHandle
+*/
+int PaWinMME_GetStreamOutputHandleCount( PaStream* stream );
+
+
+/** Retrieve a wave out handle used by a PortAudio WinMME stream.
+
+ @param stream The stream to query.
+ @param handleIndex The zero based index of the wave out handle to retrieve.
+    This should be in the range [0, PaWinMME_GetStreamOutputHandleCount(stream)-1].
+
+ @return A valid wave out handle, or NULL if an error occurred.
+
+ @see PaWinMME_GetStreamOutputHandleCount
+*/
+HWAVEOUT PaWinMME_GetStreamOutputHandle( PaStream* stream, int handleIndex );
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif /* PA_WIN_WMME_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_coinitialize.c b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_coinitialize.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6012473
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_coinitialize.c
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+/*
+ * Microsoft COM initialization routines
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2011 Ross Bencina, Dmitry Kostjuchenko
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2011 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup win_src
+
+ @brief Microsoft COM initialization routines.
+*/
+
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <objbase.h>
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_util.h"
+#include "pa_debugprint.h"
+
+#include "pa_win_coinitialize.h"
+#include "pa_win_util.h"
+
+#if (defined(WIN32) && (defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1200))) && !defined(_WIN32_WCE) && !(defined(WINAPI_FAMILY) && (WINAPI_FAMILY == WINAPI_FAMILY_APP)) /* MSC version 6 and above */
+#pragma comment( lib, "ole32.lib" )
+#endif
+
+
+/* use some special bit patterns here to try to guard against uninitialized memory errors */
+#define PAWINUTIL_COM_INITIALIZED       (0xb38f)
+#define PAWINUTIL_COM_NOT_INITIALIZED   (0xf1cd)
+
+
+PaError PaWinUtil_CoInitialize( PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType, PaWinUtilComInitializationResult *comInitializationResult )
+{
+    HRESULT hr;
+
+    comInitializationResult->state = PAWINUTIL_COM_NOT_INITIALIZED;
+
+    /*
+        If COM is already initialized CoInitialize will either return
+        FALSE, or RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE if it was initialised in a different
+        threading mode. In either case we shouldn't consider it an error
+        but we need to be careful to not call CoUninitialize() if
+        RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE was returned.
+    */
+
+#if !defined(WINAPI_FAMILY) || (WINAPI_FAMILY != WINAPI_FAMILY_APP)
+    hr = CoInitialize(0); /* use legacy-safe equivalent to CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_APARTMENTTHREADED) */
+#else
+    hr = CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_APARTMENTTHREADED);
+#endif
+    if( FAILED(hr) && hr != RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("CoInitialize(0) failed. hr=%d\n", hr));
+
+        if( hr == E_OUTOFMEMORY )
+            return paInsufficientMemory;
+
+        PaWinUtil_SetLastSystemErrorInfo( hostApiType, hr );
+
+        return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    }
+
+    if( hr != RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE )
+    {
+        comInitializationResult->state = PAWINUTIL_COM_INITIALIZED;
+
+        /*
+            Memorize calling thread id and report warning on Uninitialize if
+            calling thread is different as CoInitialize must match CoUninitialize
+            in the same thread.
+        */
+        comInitializationResult->initializingThreadId = GetCurrentThreadId();
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+
+void PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize( PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType, PaWinUtilComInitializationResult *comInitializationResult )
+{
+    if( comInitializationResult->state != PAWINUTIL_COM_NOT_INITIALIZED
+            && comInitializationResult->state != PAWINUTIL_COM_INITIALIZED ){
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("ERROR: PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize called without calling PaWinUtil_CoInitialize\n"));
+    }
+
+    if( comInitializationResult->state == PAWINUTIL_COM_INITIALIZED )
+    {
+        DWORD currentThreadId = GetCurrentThreadId();
+        if( comInitializationResult->initializingThreadId != currentThreadId )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("ERROR: failed PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize calling thread[%lu] does not match initializing thread[%lu]\n",
+                currentThreadId, comInitializationResult->initializingThreadId));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            CoUninitialize();
+
+            comInitializationResult->state = PAWINUTIL_COM_NOT_INITIALIZED;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_coinitialize.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_coinitialize.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..deb60c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_coinitialize.h
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+/*
+ * Microsoft COM initialization routines
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2011 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup win_src
+
+ @brief Microsoft COM initialization routines.
+*/
+
+#ifndef PA_WIN_COINITIALIZE_H
+#define PA_WIN_COINITIALIZE_H
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+/**
+ @brief Data type used to hold the result of an attempt to initialize COM
+    using PaWinUtil_CoInitialize. Must be retained between a call to
+    PaWinUtil_CoInitialize and a matching call to PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize.
+*/
+typedef struct PaWinUtilComInitializationResult{
+    int state;
+    DWORD initializingThreadId;
+} PaWinUtilComInitializationResult;
+
+
+/**
+ @brief Initialize Microsoft COM subsystem on the current thread.
+
+ @param hostApiType the host API type id of the caller. Used for error reporting.
+
+ @param comInitializationResult An output parameter. The value pointed to by
+        this parameter stores information required by PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize
+        to correctly uninitialize COM. The value should be retained and later
+        passed to PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize.
+
+ If PaWinUtil_CoInitialize returns paNoError, the caller must later call
+ PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize once.
+*/
+PaError PaWinUtil_CoInitialize( PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType, PaWinUtilComInitializationResult *comInitializationResult );
+
+
+/**
+ @brief Uninitialize the Microsoft COM subsystem on the current thread using
+ the result of a previous call to PaWinUtil_CoInitialize. Must be called on the same
+ thread as PaWinUtil_CoInitialize.
+
+ @param hostApiType the host API type id of the caller. Used for error reporting.
+
+ @param comInitializationResult An input parameter. A pointer to a value previously
+ initialized by a call to PaWinUtil_CoInitialize.
+*/
+void PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize( PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType, PaWinUtilComInitializationResult *comInitializationResult );
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#endif /* PA_WIN_COINITIALIZE_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_hostapis.c b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_hostapis.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d4f1c85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_hostapis.c
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library Windows initialization table
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2008 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup win_src
+
+    @brief Win32 host API initialization function table.
+*/
+
+/* This is needed to make this source file depend on CMake option changes
+   and at the same time make it transparent for clients not using CMake.
+*/
+#ifdef PORTAUDIO_CMAKE_GENERATED
+#include "options_cmake.h"
+#endif
+
+#include "pa_hostapi.h"
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+PaError PaSkeleton_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+PaError PaWinMme_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+PaError PaWinDs_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+PaError PaAsio_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+PaError PaWinWdm_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+PaError PaWasapi_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+PaError PaJack_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+PaUtilHostApiInitializer *paHostApiInitializers[] =
+    {
+
+#if PA_USE_WMME
+        PaWinMme_Initialize,
+#endif
+
+#if PA_USE_DS
+        PaWinDs_Initialize,
+#endif
+
+#if PA_USE_ASIO
+        PaAsio_Initialize,
+#endif
+
+#if PA_USE_WASAPI
+        PaWasapi_Initialize,
+#endif
+
+#if PA_USE_WDMKS
+        PaWinWdm_Initialize,
+#endif
+
+#if PA_USE_JACK
+        PaJack_Initialize,
+#endif
+
+#if PA_USE_SKELETON
+        PaSkeleton_Initialize, /* just for testing. last in list so it isn't marked as default. */
+#endif
+
+        0   /* NULL terminated array */
+    };
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_util.c b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_util.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..32d13b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_util.c
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library
+ * Win32 platform-specific support functions
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2008 Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup win_src
+
+ @brief Win32 implementation of platform-specific PaUtil support functions.
+*/
+
+#include <windows.h>
+
+#if defined(WINAPI_FAMILY) && (WINAPI_FAMILY == WINAPI_FAMILY_APP)
+    #include <sys/timeb.h> /* for _ftime_s() */
+#else
+    #include <mmsystem.h> /* for timeGetTime() */
+    #if (defined(WIN32) && (defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1200))) && !defined(_WIN32_WCE) /* MSC version 6 and above */
+    #pragma comment( lib, "winmm.lib" )
+    #endif
+#endif
+
+#include "pa_util.h"
+
+/*
+   Track memory allocations to avoid leaks.
+ */
+
+#if PA_TRACK_MEMORY
+static int numAllocations_ = 0;
+#endif
+
+
+void *PaUtil_AllocateMemory( long size )
+{
+    void *result = GlobalAlloc( GPTR, size );
+
+#if PA_TRACK_MEMORY
+    if( result != NULL ) numAllocations_ += 1;
+#endif
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_FreeMemory( void *block )
+{
+    if( block != NULL )
+    {
+        GlobalFree( block );
+#if PA_TRACK_MEMORY
+        numAllocations_ -= 1;
+#endif
+
+    }
+}
+
+
+int PaUtil_CountCurrentlyAllocatedBlocks( void )
+{
+#if PA_TRACK_MEMORY
+    return numAllocations_;
+#else
+    return 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+
+void Pa_Sleep( long msec )
+{
+    Sleep( msec );
+}
+
+static int usePerformanceCounter_;
+static double secondsPerTick_;
+
+void PaUtil_InitializeClock( void )
+{
+    LARGE_INTEGER ticksPerSecond;
+
+    if( QueryPerformanceFrequency( &ticksPerSecond ) != 0 )
+    {
+        usePerformanceCounter_ = 1;
+        secondsPerTick_ = 1.0 / (double)ticksPerSecond.QuadPart;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        usePerformanceCounter_ = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+
+double PaUtil_GetTime( void )
+{
+    LARGE_INTEGER time;
+
+    if( usePerformanceCounter_ )
+    {
+        /*
+            Note: QueryPerformanceCounter has a known issue where it can skip forward
+            by a few seconds (!) due to a hardware bug on some PCI-ISA bridge hardware.
+            This is documented here:
+            http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=KB;EN-US;Q274323&
+
+            The work-arounds are not very paletable and involve querying GetTickCount
+            at every time step.
+
+            Using rdtsc is not a good option on multi-core systems.
+
+            For now we just use QueryPerformanceCounter(). It's good, most of the time.
+        */
+        QueryPerformanceCounter( &time );
+        return time.QuadPart * secondsPerTick_;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+#ifndef UNDER_CE
+    #if defined(WINAPI_FAMILY) && (WINAPI_FAMILY == WINAPI_FAMILY_APP)
+        return GetTickCount64() * .001;
+    #else
+        return timeGetTime() * .001;
+    #endif
+#else
+        return GetTickCount() * .001;
+#endif
+    }
+}
+
+void PaWinUtil_SetLastSystemErrorInfo( PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType, long winError )
+{
+    wchar_t wide_msg[1024]; //PA_LAST_HOST_ERROR_TEXT_LENGTH_
+    FormatMessageW(
+        FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS,
+        NULL,
+        winError,
+        MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT),
+        wide_msg,
+        1024,
+        NULL
+    );
+    char msg[1024];
+    WideCharToMultiByte( CP_UTF8, 0, wide_msg, -1, msg, 1024, NULL, NULL );
+    PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( hostApiType, winError, msg );
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_util.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_util.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4875dd1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_util.h
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#ifndef PA_WIN_UTIL_H
+#define PA_WIN_UTIL_H
+
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library
+ * Win32 platform-specific support functions
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2008 Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+/**
+ Convert a Windows error code into a PaError. Sets the host-api specific error
+ information if needed.
+
+ @param hostApiType The calling host api type. Used when reporting paUnanticipatedHostError
+
+ @param winError A Windows error code.
+*/
+void PaWinUtil_SetLastSystemErrorInfo( PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType, long winError );
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif /* PA_WIN_UTIL_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_waveformat.c b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_waveformat.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0436a39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_waveformat.c
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+/*
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * Windows WAVEFORMAT* data structure utilities
+ * portaudio.h should be included before this file.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007 Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <mmsystem.h>
+#if defined(WINAPI_FAMILY) && (WINAPI_FAMILY == WINAPI_FAMILY_APP)
+    #include <mmreg.h> /* for WAVEFORMATEX */
+#endif
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_win_waveformat.h"
+
+
+#if !defined(WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE)
+#define  WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE         0xFFFE
+#endif
+
+
+static GUID pawin_ksDataFormatSubtypeGuidBase =
+    { (USHORT)(WAVE_FORMAT_PCM), 0x0000, 0x0010, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0xaa, 0x00, 0x38, 0x9b, 0x71 };
+
+
+int PaWin_SampleFormatToLinearWaveFormatTag( PaSampleFormat sampleFormat )
+{
+    if( sampleFormat == paFloat32 )
+        return PAWIN_WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT;
+
+    return PAWIN_WAVE_FORMAT_PCM;
+}
+
+
+void PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatEx( PaWinWaveFormat *waveFormat,
+        int numChannels, PaSampleFormat sampleFormat, int waveFormatTag, double sampleRate )
+{
+    WAVEFORMATEX *waveFormatEx = (WAVEFORMATEX*)waveFormat;
+    int bytesPerSample = Pa_GetSampleSize(sampleFormat);
+    unsigned long bytesPerFrame = numChannels * bytesPerSample;
+
+    waveFormatEx->wFormatTag = waveFormatTag;
+    waveFormatEx->nChannels = (WORD)numChannels;
+    waveFormatEx->nSamplesPerSec = (DWORD)sampleRate;
+    waveFormatEx->nAvgBytesPerSec = waveFormatEx->nSamplesPerSec * bytesPerFrame;
+    waveFormatEx->nBlockAlign = (WORD)bytesPerFrame;
+    waveFormatEx->wBitsPerSample = bytesPerSample * 8;
+    waveFormatEx->cbSize = 0;
+}
+
+
+void PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatExtensible( PaWinWaveFormat *waveFormat,
+        int numChannels, PaSampleFormat sampleFormat, int waveFormatTag, double sampleRate,
+        PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask channelMask )
+{
+    WAVEFORMATEX *waveFormatEx = (WAVEFORMATEX*)waveFormat;
+    int bytesPerSample = Pa_GetSampleSize(sampleFormat);
+    unsigned long bytesPerFrame = numChannels * bytesPerSample;
+    GUID guid;
+
+    waveFormatEx->wFormatTag = WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE;
+    waveFormatEx->nChannels = (WORD)numChannels;
+    waveFormatEx->nSamplesPerSec = (DWORD)sampleRate;
+    waveFormatEx->nAvgBytesPerSec = waveFormatEx->nSamplesPerSec * bytesPerFrame;
+    waveFormatEx->nBlockAlign = (WORD)bytesPerFrame;
+    waveFormatEx->wBitsPerSample = bytesPerSample * 8;
+    waveFormatEx->cbSize = 22;
+
+    memcpy(&waveFormat->fields[PAWIN_INDEXOF_WVALIDBITSPERSAMPLE],
+        &waveFormatEx->wBitsPerSample, sizeof(WORD));
+
+    memcpy(&waveFormat->fields[PAWIN_INDEXOF_DWCHANNELMASK],
+        &channelMask, sizeof(DWORD));
+
+    guid = pawin_ksDataFormatSubtypeGuidBase;
+    guid.Data1 = (USHORT)waveFormatTag;
+    memcpy(&waveFormat->fields[PAWIN_INDEXOF_SUBFORMAT], &guid, sizeof(GUID));
+}
+
+PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask PaWin_DefaultChannelMask( int numChannels )
+{
+    switch( numChannels ){
+        case 1:
+            return PAWIN_SPEAKER_MONO;
+        case 2:
+            return PAWIN_SPEAKER_STEREO;
+        case 3:
+            return PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT;
+        case 4:
+            return PAWIN_SPEAKER_QUAD;
+        case 5:
+            return PAWIN_SPEAKER_QUAD | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER;
+        case 6:
+            /* The meaning of the PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1 flag has changed over time:
+                http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa474707.aspx
+               We use PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1 (not PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1_SURROUND)
+               because on some cards (eg Audigy) PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1_SURROUND
+               results in a virtual mixdown placing the rear output in the
+               front _and_ rear speakers.
+            */
+            return PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1;
+        /* case 7: */
+        case 8:
+            /* RoBi: PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1_SURROUND fits normal surround sound setups better than PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1, f.i. NVidia HDMI Audio
+               output is silent on channels 5&6 with NVidia drivers, and channel 7&8 with Microsoft HD Audio driver using PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1.
+               With PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1_SURROUND both setups work OK. */
+            return PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1_SURROUND;
+    }
+
+    /* Apparently some Audigy drivers will output silence
+       if the direct-out constant (0) is used. So this is not ideal.
+
+       RoBi 2012-12-19: Also, NVidia driver seem to output garbage instead. Again not very ideal.
+    */
+    return  PAWIN_SPEAKER_DIRECTOUT;
+
+    /* Note that Alec Rogers proposed the following as an alternate method to
+        generate the default channel mask, however it doesn't seem to be an improvement
+        over the above, since some drivers will matrix outputs mapping to non-present
+        speakers across multiple physical speakers.
+
+        if(nChannels==1) {
+            pwfFormat->dwChannelMask = SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER;
+        }
+        else {
+            pwfFormat->dwChannelMask = 0;
+            for(i=0; i<nChannels; i++)
+                pwfFormat->dwChannelMask = (pwfFormat->dwChannelMask << 1) | 0x1;
+        }
+    */
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_wdmks_utils.c b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_wdmks_utils.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3373146
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_wdmks_utils.c
@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+/*
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * Windows WDM KS utilities
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1999 - 2007 Andrew Baldwin, Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <mmreg.h>
+#ifndef WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT
+    #define WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT 0x0003   // MinGW32 does not define this
+#endif
+#ifndef _WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE_
+    #define _WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE_          // MinGW32 does not define this
+#endif
+#ifndef _INC_MMREG
+    #define _INC_MMREG                      // for STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT
+#endif
+#include <winioctl.h>                       // MinGW32 does not define this automatically
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+
+#include "../../hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ks.h"
+#include "../../hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ksmedia.h"
+
+#else
+
+#include <ks.h>
+#include <ksmedia.h>
+
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>                          // just for some development printfs
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_util.h"
+#include "pa_win_wdmks_utils.h"
+
+
+/* PortAudio-local instances of GUIDs previously sourced from ksguid.lib */
+
+/* GUID KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_AUDIO */
+static const GUID pa_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_AUDIO = { STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_AUDIO };
+
+/* GUID KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT */
+static const GUID pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT = { STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT };
+
+/* GUID KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM */
+static const GUID pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM = { STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM };
+
+/* GUID KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_WAVEFORMATEX */
+static const GUID pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_WAVEFORMATEX = { STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_WAVEFORMATEX };
+
+/* GUID KSMEDIUMSETID_Standard */
+static const GUID pa_KSMEDIUMSETID_Standard = { STATIC_KSMEDIUMSETID_Standard };
+
+/* GUID KSINTERFACESETID_Standard */
+static const GUID pa_KSINTERFACESETID_Standard = { STATIC_KSINTERFACESETID_Standard };
+
+/* GUID KSPROPSETID_Pin */
+static const GUID pa_KSPROPSETID_Pin = { STATIC_KSPROPSETID_Pin };
+
+#define pa_IS_VALID_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID(Guid)\
+    (!memcmp(((PUSHORT)&pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_WAVEFORMATEX) + 1, ((PUSHORT)(Guid)) + 1, sizeof(GUID) - sizeof(USHORT)))
+
+
+static PaError WdmGetPinPropertySimple(
+    HANDLE  handle,
+    unsigned long pinId,
+    unsigned long property,
+    void* value,
+    unsigned long valueSize )
+{
+    DWORD bytesReturned;
+    KSP_PIN ksPProp;
+    ksPProp.Property.Set = pa_KSPROPSETID_Pin;
+    ksPProp.Property.Id = property;
+    ksPProp.Property.Flags = KSPROPERTY_TYPE_GET;
+    ksPProp.PinId = pinId;
+    ksPProp.Reserved = 0;
+
+    if( DeviceIoControl( handle, IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY, &ksPProp, sizeof(KSP_PIN),
+            value, valueSize, &bytesReturned, NULL ) == 0 || bytesReturned != valueSize )
+    {
+        return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return paNoError;
+    }
+}
+
+
+static PaError WdmGetPinPropertyMulti(
+    HANDLE handle,
+    unsigned long pinId,
+    unsigned long property,
+    KSMULTIPLE_ITEM** ksMultipleItem)
+{
+    unsigned long multipleItemSize = 0;
+    KSP_PIN ksPProp;
+    DWORD bytesReturned;
+
+    *ksMultipleItem = 0;
+
+    ksPProp.Property.Set = pa_KSPROPSETID_Pin;
+    ksPProp.Property.Id = property;
+    ksPProp.Property.Flags = KSPROPERTY_TYPE_GET;
+    ksPProp.PinId = pinId;
+    ksPProp.Reserved = 0;
+
+    if( DeviceIoControl( handle, IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY, &ksPProp.Property,
+            sizeof(KSP_PIN), NULL, 0, &multipleItemSize, NULL ) == 0 && GetLastError() != ERROR_MORE_DATA )
+    {
+        return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    }
+
+    *ksMultipleItem = (KSMULTIPLE_ITEM*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( multipleItemSize );
+    if( !*ksMultipleItem )
+    {
+        return paInsufficientMemory;
+    }
+
+    if( DeviceIoControl( handle, IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY, &ksPProp, sizeof(KSP_PIN),
+            (void*)*ksMultipleItem,  multipleItemSize, &bytesReturned, NULL ) == 0 || bytesReturned != multipleItemSize )
+    {
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( ksMultipleItem );
+        return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+
+static int GetKSFilterPinCount( HANDLE deviceHandle )
+{
+    DWORD result;
+
+    if( WdmGetPinPropertySimple( deviceHandle, 0, KSPROPERTY_PIN_CTYPES, &result, sizeof(result) ) == paNoError ){
+        return result;
+    }else{
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+
+static KSPIN_COMMUNICATION GetKSFilterPinPropertyCommunication( HANDLE deviceHandle, int pinId )
+{
+    KSPIN_COMMUNICATION result;
+
+    if( WdmGetPinPropertySimple( deviceHandle, pinId, KSPROPERTY_PIN_COMMUNICATION, &result, sizeof(result) ) == paNoError ){
+        return result;
+    }else{
+        return KSPIN_COMMUNICATION_NONE;
+    }
+}
+
+
+static KSPIN_DATAFLOW GetKSFilterPinPropertyDataflow( HANDLE deviceHandle, int pinId )
+{
+    KSPIN_DATAFLOW result;
+
+    if( WdmGetPinPropertySimple( deviceHandle, pinId, KSPROPERTY_PIN_DATAFLOW, &result, sizeof(result) ) == paNoError ){
+        return result;
+    }else{
+        return (KSPIN_DATAFLOW)0;
+    }
+}
+
+
+static int KSFilterPinPropertyIdentifiersInclude(
+        HANDLE deviceHandle, int pinId, unsigned long property, const GUID *identifierSet, unsigned long identifierId  )
+{
+    KSMULTIPLE_ITEM* item = NULL;
+    KSIDENTIFIER* identifier;
+    int i;
+    int result = 0;
+
+    if( WdmGetPinPropertyMulti( deviceHandle, pinId, property, &item) != paNoError )
+        return 0;
+
+    identifier = (KSIDENTIFIER*)(item+1);
+
+    for( i = 0; i < (int)item->Count; i++ )
+    {
+        if( !memcmp( (void*)&identifier[i].Set, (void*)identifierSet, sizeof( GUID ) ) &&
+                ( identifier[i].Id == identifierId ) )
+        {
+            result = 1;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( item );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/* return the maximum channel count supported by any pin on the device.
+   if isInput is non-zero we query input pins, otherwise output pins.
+*/
+int PaWin_WDMKS_QueryFilterMaximumChannelCount( void *wcharDevicePath, int isInput )
+{
+    HANDLE deviceHandle;
+    ULONG i;
+    int pinCount, pinId;
+    int result = 0;
+    KSPIN_DATAFLOW requiredDataflowDirection = (isInput ? KSPIN_DATAFLOW_OUT : KSPIN_DATAFLOW_IN );
+
+    if( !wcharDevicePath )
+        return 0;
+
+    deviceHandle = CreateFileW( (LPCWSTR)wcharDevicePath, FILE_SHARE_READ|FILE_SHARE_WRITE, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, NULL );
+    if( deviceHandle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE )
+        return 0;
+
+    pinCount = GetKSFilterPinCount( deviceHandle );
+    for( pinId = 0; pinId < pinCount; ++pinId )
+    {
+        KSPIN_COMMUNICATION communication = GetKSFilterPinPropertyCommunication( deviceHandle, pinId );
+        KSPIN_DATAFLOW dataflow = GetKSFilterPinPropertyDataflow( deviceHandle, pinId );
+        if( ( dataflow == requiredDataflowDirection ) &&
+                (( communication == KSPIN_COMMUNICATION_SINK) ||
+                 ( communication == KSPIN_COMMUNICATION_BOTH))
+             && ( KSFilterPinPropertyIdentifiersInclude( deviceHandle, pinId,
+                    KSPROPERTY_PIN_INTERFACES, &pa_KSINTERFACESETID_Standard, KSINTERFACE_STANDARD_STREAMING )
+                || KSFilterPinPropertyIdentifiersInclude( deviceHandle, pinId,
+                    KSPROPERTY_PIN_INTERFACES, &pa_KSINTERFACESETID_Standard, KSINTERFACE_STANDARD_LOOPED_STREAMING ) )
+             && KSFilterPinPropertyIdentifiersInclude( deviceHandle, pinId,
+                    KSPROPERTY_PIN_MEDIUMS, &pa_KSMEDIUMSETID_Standard, KSMEDIUM_STANDARD_DEVIO ) )
+        {
+            KSMULTIPLE_ITEM* item = NULL;
+            if( WdmGetPinPropertyMulti( deviceHandle, pinId, KSPROPERTY_PIN_DATARANGES, &item ) == paNoError )
+            {
+                KSDATARANGE *dataRange = (KSDATARANGE*)(item+1);
+
+                for( i=0; i < item->Count; ++i ){
+
+                    if( pa_IS_VALID_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID(&dataRange->SubFormat)
+                            || memcmp( (void*)&dataRange->SubFormat, (void*)&pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM, sizeof(GUID) ) == 0
+                            || memcmp( (void*)&dataRange->SubFormat, (void*)&pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT, sizeof(GUID) ) == 0
+                            || ( ( memcmp( (void*)&dataRange->MajorFormat, (void*)&pa_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_AUDIO, sizeof(GUID) ) == 0 )
+                                && ( memcmp( (void*)&dataRange->SubFormat, (void*)&KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_WILDCARD, sizeof(GUID) ) == 0 ) ) )
+                    {
+                        KSDATARANGE_AUDIO *dataRangeAudio = (KSDATARANGE_AUDIO*)dataRange;
+
+                        /*
+                        printf( ">>> %d %d %d %d %S\n", isInput, dataflow, communication, dataRangeAudio->MaximumChannels, devicePath );
+
+                        if( memcmp((void*)&dataRange->Specifier, (void*)&KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_WAVEFORMATEX, sizeof(GUID) ) == 0 )
+                            printf( "\tspecifier: KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_WAVEFORMATEX\n" );
+                        else if( memcmp((void*)&dataRange->Specifier, (void*)&KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DSOUND, sizeof(GUID) ) == 0 )
+                            printf( "\tspecifier: KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DSOUND\n" );
+                        else if( memcmp((void*)&dataRange->Specifier, (void*)&KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_WILDCARD, sizeof(GUID) ) == 0 )
+                            printf( "\tspecifier: KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_WILDCARD\n" );
+                        else
+                            printf( "\tspecifier: ?\n" );
+                        */
+
+                        /*
+                            We assume that very high values for MaximumChannels are not useful and indicate
+                            that the driver isn't prepared to tell us the real number of channels which it supports.
+                        */
+                        if( dataRangeAudio->MaximumChannels  < 0xFFFFUL && (int)dataRangeAudio->MaximumChannels > result )
+                            result = (int)dataRangeAudio->MaximumChannels;
+                    }
+
+                    dataRange = (KSDATARANGE*)( ((char*)dataRange) + dataRange->FormatSize);
+                }
+
+                PaUtil_FreeMemory( item );
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    CloseHandle( deviceHandle );
+    return result;
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_wdmks_utils.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_wdmks_utils.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f524cf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_win_wdmks_utils.h
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#ifndef PA_WIN_WDMKS_UTILS_H
+#define PA_WIN_WDMKS_UTILS_H
+
+/*
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * Windows WDM KS utilities
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1999 - 2007 Ross Bencina, Andrew Baldwin
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @brief Utilities for working with the Windows WDM KS API
+*/
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/**
+    Query for the maximum number of channels supported by any pin of the
+    specified device. Returns 0 if the query fails for any reason.
+
+    @param wcharDevicePath A system level PnP interface path, supplied as a WCHAR unicode string.
+    Declared as void* to avoid introducing a dependency on wchar_t here.
+
+    @param isInput A flag specifying whether to query for input (non-zero) or output (zero) channels.
+*/
+int PaWin_WDMKS_QueryFilterMaximumChannelCount( void *wcharDevicePath, int isInput );
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif /* PA_WIN_WDMKS_UTILS_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_x86_plain_converters.c b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_x86_plain_converters.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1096994
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_x86_plain_converters.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1218 @@
+/*
+ * Plain Intel IA32 assembly implementations of PortAudio sample converter functions.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup win_src
+*/
+
+#include "pa_x86_plain_converters.h"
+
+#include "pa_converters.h"
+#include "pa_dither.h"
+
+/*
+    the main reason these versions are faster than the equivalent C versions
+    is that float -> int casting is expensive in C on x86 because the rounding
+    mode needs to be changed for every cast. these versions only set
+    the rounding mode once outside the loop.
+
+    small additional speed gains are made by the way that clamping is
+    implemented.
+
+TODO:
+    o- inline dither code
+    o- implement Dither only (no-clip) versions
+    o- implement int8 and uint8 versions
+    o- test thoroughly
+
+    o- the packed 24 bit functions could benefit from unrolling and avoiding
+        byte and word sized register access.
+*/
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/*
+#define PA_CLIP_( val, min, max )\
+    { val = ((val) < (min)) ? (min) : (((val) > (max)) ? (max) : (val)); }
+*/
+
+/*
+    the following notes were used to determine whether a floating point
+    value should be saturated (ie >1 or <-1) by loading it into an integer
+    register. these should be rewritten so that they make sense.
+
+    an ieee floating point value
+
+    1.xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx?
+
+
+    is less than  or equal to 1 and greater than or equal to -1 either:
+
+        if the mantissa is 0 and the unbiased exponent is 0
+
+        OR
+
+        if the unbiased exponent < 0
+
+    this translates to:
+
+        if the mantissa is 0 and the biased exponent is 7F
+
+        or
+
+        if the biased exponent is less than 7F
+
+
+    therefore the value is greater than 1 or less than -1 if
+
+        the mantissa is not 0 and the biased exponent is 7F
+
+        or
+
+        if the biased exponent is greater than 7F
+
+
+    in other words, if we mask out the sign bit, the value is
+    greater than 1 or less than -1 if its integer representation is greater than:
+
+    0 01111111 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 000
+
+    0011 1111 1000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 => 0x3F800000
+*/
+
+#if defined(_WIN64) || defined(_WIN32_WCE)
+
+/*
+    -EMT64/AMD64 uses different asm
+    -VC2005 doesn't allow _WIN64 with inline assembly either!
+ */
+void PaUtil_InitializeX86PlainConverters( void )
+{
+}
+
+#else
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static const short fpuControlWord_ = 0x033F; /*round to nearest, 64 bit precision, all exceptions masked*/
+static const double int32Scaler_ = 0x7FFFFFFF;
+static const double ditheredInt32Scaler_ = 0x7FFFFFFE;
+static const double int24Scaler_ = 0x7FFFFF;
+static const double ditheredInt24Scaler_ = 0x7FFFFE;
+static const double int16Scaler_ = 0x7FFF;
+static const double ditheredInt16Scaler_ = 0x7FFE;
+
+#define PA_DITHER_BITS_   (15)
+/* Multiply by PA_FLOAT_DITHER_SCALE_ to get a float between -2.0 and +1.99999 */
+#define PA_FLOAT_DITHER_SCALE_  (1.0F / ((1<<PA_DITHER_BITS_)-1))
+static const float const_float_dither_scale_ = PA_FLOAT_DITHER_SCALE_;
+#define PA_DITHER_SHIFT_  ((32 - PA_DITHER_BITS_) + 1)
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int32(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+/*
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed long *dest =  (signed long*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; // unused parameter
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        // REVIEW
+        double scaled = *src * 0x7FFFFFFF;
+        *dest = (signed long) scaled;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+*/
+
+    short savedFpuControlWord;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+
+    __asm{
+        // esi -> source ptr
+        // eax -> source byte stride
+        // edi -> destination ptr
+        // ebx -> destination byte stride
+        // ecx -> source end ptr
+        // edx -> temp
+
+        mov     esi, sourceBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 4                  // sizeof float32 and int32
+        mov     eax, sourceStride
+        imul    eax, edx
+
+        mov     ecx, count
+        imul    ecx, eax
+        add     ecx, esi
+
+        mov     edi, destinationBuffer
+
+        mov     ebx, destinationStride
+        imul    ebx, edx
+
+        fwait
+        fstcw   savedFpuControlWord
+        fldcw   fpuControlWord_
+
+        fld     int32Scaler_            // stack:  (int)0x7FFFFFFF
+
+    Float32_To_Int32_loop:
+
+        // load unscaled value into st(0)
+        fld     dword ptr [esi]         // stack:  value, (int)0x7FFFFFFF
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        fmul    st(0), st(1)            // st(0) *= st(1), stack:  value*0x7FFFFFFF, (int)0x7FFFFFFF
+        /*
+            note: we could store to a temporary qword here which would cause
+            wraparound distortion instead of int indefinite 0x10. that would
+            be more work, and given that not enabling clipping is only advisable
+            when you know that your signal isn't going to clip it isn't worth it.
+        */
+        fistp   dword ptr [edi]         // pop st(0) into dest, stack:  (int)0x7FFFFFFF
+
+        add     edi, ebx                // increment destination ptr
+        //lea     edi, [edi+ebx]
+
+        cmp     esi, ecx                // has src ptr reached end?
+        jne     Float32_To_Int32_loop
+
+        ffree   st(0)
+        fincstp
+
+        fwait
+        fnclex
+        fldcw   savedFpuControlWord
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int32_Clip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+/*
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed long *dest =  (signed long*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void) ditherGenerator; // unused parameter
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        // REVIEW
+        double scaled = *src * 0x7FFFFFFF;
+        PA_CLIP_( scaled, -2147483648., 2147483647.  );
+        *dest = (signed long) scaled;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+*/
+
+    short savedFpuControlWord;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    __asm{
+        // esi -> source ptr
+        // eax -> source byte stride
+        // edi -> destination ptr
+        // ebx -> destination byte stride
+        // ecx -> source end ptr
+        // edx -> temp
+
+        mov     esi, sourceBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 4                  // sizeof float32 and int32
+        mov     eax, sourceStride
+        imul    eax, edx
+
+        mov     ecx, count
+        imul    ecx, eax
+        add     ecx, esi
+
+        mov     edi, destinationBuffer
+
+        mov     ebx, destinationStride
+        imul    ebx, edx
+
+        fwait
+        fstcw   savedFpuControlWord
+        fldcw   fpuControlWord_
+
+        fld     int32Scaler_            // stack:  (int)0x7FFFFFFF
+
+    Float32_To_Int32_Clip_loop:
+
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+
+        and     edx, 0x7FFFFFFF         // mask off sign
+        cmp     edx, 0x3F800000         // greater than 1.0 or less than -1.0
+
+        jg      Float32_To_Int32_Clip_clamp
+
+        // load unscaled value into st(0)
+        fld     dword ptr [esi]         // stack:  value, (int)0x7FFFFFFF
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        fmul    st(0), st(1)            // st(0) *= st(1), stack:  value*0x7FFFFFFF, (int)0x7FFFFFFF
+        fistp   dword ptr [edi]         // pop st(0) into dest, stack:  (int)0x7FFFFFFF
+        jmp     Float32_To_Int32_Clip_stored
+
+    Float32_To_Int32_Clip_clamp:
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+        shr     edx, 31                 // move sign bit into bit 0
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        add     edx, 0x7FFFFFFF         // convert to maximum range integers
+        mov     dword ptr [edi], edx
+
+    Float32_To_Int32_Clip_stored:
+
+        //add     edi, ebx              // increment destination ptr
+        lea     edi, [edi+ebx]
+
+        cmp     esi, ecx                // has src ptr reached end?
+        jne     Float32_To_Int32_Clip_loop
+
+        ffree   st(0)
+        fincstp
+
+        fwait
+        fnclex
+        fldcw   savedFpuControlWord
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    /*
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed long *dest =  (signed long*)destinationBuffer;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        // REVIEW
+        double dither  = PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        // use smaller scaler to prevent overflow when we add the dither
+        double dithered = ((double)*src * (2147483646.0)) + dither;
+        PA_CLIP_( dithered, -2147483648., 2147483647.  );
+        *dest = (signed long) dithered;
+
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+    */
+
+    short savedFpuControlWord;
+
+    // spill storage:
+    signed long sourceByteStride;
+    signed long highpassedDither;
+
+    // dither state:
+    unsigned long ditherPrevious = ditherGenerator->previous;
+    unsigned long ditherRandSeed1 = ditherGenerator->randSeed1;
+    unsigned long ditherRandSeed2 = ditherGenerator->randSeed2;
+
+    __asm{
+        // esi -> source ptr
+        // eax -> source byte stride
+        // edi -> destination ptr
+        // ebx -> destination byte stride
+        // ecx -> source end ptr
+        // edx -> temp
+
+        mov     esi, sourceBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 4                  // sizeof float32 and int32
+        mov     eax, sourceStride
+        imul    eax, edx
+
+        mov     ecx, count
+        imul    ecx, eax
+        add     ecx, esi
+
+        mov     edi, destinationBuffer
+
+        mov     ebx, destinationStride
+        imul    ebx, edx
+
+        fwait
+        fstcw   savedFpuControlWord
+        fldcw   fpuControlWord_
+
+        fld     ditheredInt32Scaler_    // stack:  int scaler
+
+    Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip_loop:
+
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+
+        and     edx, 0x7FFFFFFF         // mask off sign
+        cmp     edx, 0x3F800000         // greater than 1.0 or less than -1.0
+
+        jg      Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip_clamp
+
+        // load unscaled value into st(0)
+        fld     dword ptr [esi]         // stack:  value, int scaler
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        fmul    st(0), st(1)            // st(0) *= st(1), stack:  value*(int scaler), int scaler
+
+        /*
+        // call PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither with C calling convention
+        mov     sourceByteStride, eax   // save eax
+        mov     sourceEnd, ecx          // save ecx
+        push    ditherGenerator         // pass ditherGenerator parameter on stack
+        call    PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither  // stack:  dither, value*(int scaler), int scaler
+        pop     edx                     // clear parameter off stack
+        mov     ecx, sourceEnd          // restore ecx
+        mov     eax, sourceByteStride   // restore eax
+        */
+
+    // generate dither
+        mov     sourceByteStride, eax   // save eax
+        mov     edx, 196314165
+        mov     eax, ditherRandSeed1
+        mul     edx                     // eax:edx = eax * 196314165
+        //add     eax, 907633515
+        lea     eax, [eax+907633515]
+        mov     ditherRandSeed1, eax
+        mov     edx, 196314165
+        mov     eax, ditherRandSeed2
+        mul     edx                     // eax:edx = eax * 196314165
+        //add     eax, 907633515
+        lea     eax, [eax+907633515]
+        mov     edx, ditherRandSeed1
+        shr     edx, PA_DITHER_SHIFT_
+        mov     ditherRandSeed2, eax
+        shr     eax, PA_DITHER_SHIFT_
+        //add     eax, edx              // eax -> current
+        lea     eax, [eax+edx]
+        mov     edx, ditherPrevious
+        neg     edx
+        lea     edx, [eax+edx]          // highpass = current - previous
+        mov     highpassedDither, edx
+        mov     ditherPrevious, eax     // previous = current
+        mov     eax, sourceByteStride   // restore eax
+        fild    highpassedDither
+        fmul    const_float_dither_scale_
+    // end generate dither, dither signal in st(0)
+
+        faddp   st(1), st(0)            // stack: dither + value*(int scaler), int scaler
+        fistp   dword ptr [edi]         // pop st(0) into dest, stack:  int scaler
+        jmp     Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip_stored
+
+    Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip_clamp:
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+        shr     edx, 31                 // move sign bit into bit 0
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        add     edx, 0x7FFFFFFF         // convert to maximum range integers
+        mov     dword ptr [edi], edx
+
+    Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip_stored:
+
+        //add     edi, ebx              // increment destination ptr
+        lea     edi, [edi+ebx]
+
+        cmp     esi, ecx                // has src ptr reached end?
+        jne     Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip_loop
+
+        ffree   st(0)
+        fincstp
+
+        fwait
+        fnclex
+        fldcw   savedFpuControlWord
+    }
+
+    ditherGenerator->previous = ditherPrevious;
+    ditherGenerator->randSeed1 = ditherRandSeed1;
+    ditherGenerator->randSeed2 = ditherRandSeed2;
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int24(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+/*
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest = (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    signed long temp;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; // unused parameter
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        // convert to 32 bit and drop the low 8 bits
+        double scaled = *src * 0x7FFFFFFF;
+        temp = (signed long) scaled;
+
+        dest[0] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 8);
+        dest[1] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 16);
+        dest[2] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 24);
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride * 3;
+    }
+*/
+
+    short savedFpuControlWord;
+
+    signed long tempInt32;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    __asm{
+        // esi -> source ptr
+        // eax -> source byte stride
+        // edi -> destination ptr
+        // ebx -> destination byte stride
+        // ecx -> source end ptr
+        // edx -> temp
+
+        mov     esi, sourceBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 4                  // sizeof float32
+        mov     eax, sourceStride
+        imul    eax, edx
+
+        mov     ecx, count
+        imul    ecx, eax
+        add     ecx, esi
+
+        mov     edi, destinationBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 3                  // sizeof int24
+        mov     ebx, destinationStride
+        imul    ebx, edx
+
+        fwait
+        fstcw   savedFpuControlWord
+        fldcw   fpuControlWord_
+
+        fld     int24Scaler_            // stack:  (int)0x7FFFFF
+
+    Float32_To_Int24_loop:
+
+        // load unscaled value into st(0)
+        fld     dword ptr [esi]         // stack:  value, (int)0x7FFFFF
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        fmul    st(0), st(1)            // st(0) *= st(1), stack:  value*0x7FFFFF, (int)0x7FFFFF
+        fistp   tempInt32               // pop st(0) into tempInt32, stack:  (int)0x7FFFFF
+        mov     edx, tempInt32
+
+        mov     byte ptr [edi], DL
+        shr     edx, 8
+        //mov     byte ptr [edi+1], DL
+        //mov     byte ptr [edi+2], DH
+        mov     word ptr [edi+1], DX
+
+        //add     edi, ebx              // increment destination ptr
+        lea     edi, [edi+ebx]
+
+        cmp     esi, ecx                // has src ptr reached end?
+        jne     Float32_To_Int24_loop
+
+        ffree   st(0)
+        fincstp
+
+        fwait
+        fnclex
+        fldcw   savedFpuControlWord
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int24_Clip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+/*
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest = (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    signed long temp;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; // unused parameter
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        // convert to 32 bit and drop the low 8 bits
+        double scaled = *src * 0x7FFFFFFF;
+        PA_CLIP_( scaled, -2147483648., 2147483647.  );
+        temp = (signed long) scaled;
+
+        dest[0] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 8);
+        dest[1] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 16);
+        dest[2] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 24);
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride * 3;
+    }
+*/
+
+    short savedFpuControlWord;
+
+    signed long tempInt32;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    __asm{
+        // esi -> source ptr
+        // eax -> source byte stride
+        // edi -> destination ptr
+        // ebx -> destination byte stride
+        // ecx -> source end ptr
+        // edx -> temp
+
+        mov     esi, sourceBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 4                  // sizeof float32
+        mov     eax, sourceStride
+        imul    eax, edx
+
+        mov     ecx, count
+        imul    ecx, eax
+        add     ecx, esi
+
+        mov     edi, destinationBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 3                  // sizeof int24
+        mov     ebx, destinationStride
+        imul    ebx, edx
+
+        fwait
+        fstcw   savedFpuControlWord
+        fldcw   fpuControlWord_
+
+        fld     int24Scaler_            // stack:  (int)0x7FFFFF
+
+    Float32_To_Int24_Clip_loop:
+
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+
+        and     edx, 0x7FFFFFFF         // mask off sign
+        cmp     edx, 0x3F800000         // greater than 1.0 or less than -1.0
+
+        jg      Float32_To_Int24_Clip_clamp
+
+        // load unscaled value into st(0)
+        fld     dword ptr [esi]         // stack:  value, (int)0x7FFFFF
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        fmul    st(0), st(1)            // st(0) *= st(1), stack:  value*0x7FFFFF, (int)0x7FFFFF
+        fistp   tempInt32               // pop st(0) into tempInt32, stack:  (int)0x7FFFFF
+        mov     edx, tempInt32
+        jmp     Float32_To_Int24_Clip_store
+
+    Float32_To_Int24_Clip_clamp:
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+        shr     edx, 31                 // move sign bit into bit 0
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        add     edx, 0x7FFFFF           // convert to maximum range integers
+
+    Float32_To_Int24_Clip_store:
+
+        mov     byte ptr [edi], DL
+        shr     edx, 8
+        //mov     byte ptr [edi+1], DL
+        //mov     byte ptr [edi+2], DH
+        mov     word ptr [edi+1], DX
+
+        //add     edi, ebx              // increment destination ptr
+        lea     edi, [edi+ebx]
+
+        cmp     esi, ecx                // has src ptr reached end?
+        jne     Float32_To_Int24_Clip_loop
+
+        ffree   st(0)
+        fincstp
+
+        fwait
+        fnclex
+        fldcw   savedFpuControlWord
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+/*
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest = (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    signed long temp;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        // convert to 32 bit and drop the low 8 bits
+
+        // FIXME: the dither amplitude here appears to be too small by 8 bits
+        double dither  = PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        // use smaller scaler to prevent overflow when we add the dither
+        double dithered = ((double)*src * (2147483646.0)) + dither;
+        PA_CLIP_( dithered, -2147483648., 2147483647.  );
+
+        temp = (signed long) dithered;
+
+        dest[0] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 8);
+        dest[1] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 16);
+        dest[2] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 24);
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride * 3;
+    }
+*/
+
+    short savedFpuControlWord;
+
+    // spill storage:
+    signed long sourceByteStride;
+    signed long highpassedDither;
+
+    // dither state:
+    unsigned long ditherPrevious = ditherGenerator->previous;
+    unsigned long ditherRandSeed1 = ditherGenerator->randSeed1;
+    unsigned long ditherRandSeed2 = ditherGenerator->randSeed2;
+
+    signed long tempInt32;
+
+    __asm{
+        // esi -> source ptr
+        // eax -> source byte stride
+        // edi -> destination ptr
+        // ebx -> destination byte stride
+        // ecx -> source end ptr
+        // edx -> temp
+
+        mov     esi, sourceBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 4                  // sizeof float32
+        mov     eax, sourceStride
+        imul    eax, edx
+
+        mov     ecx, count
+        imul    ecx, eax
+        add     ecx, esi
+
+        mov     edi, destinationBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 3                  // sizeof int24
+        mov     ebx, destinationStride
+        imul    ebx, edx
+
+        fwait
+        fstcw   savedFpuControlWord
+        fldcw   fpuControlWord_
+
+        fld     ditheredInt24Scaler_    // stack:  int scaler
+
+    Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip_loop:
+
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+
+        and     edx, 0x7FFFFFFF         // mask off sign
+        cmp     edx, 0x3F800000         // greater than 1.0 or less than -1.0
+
+        jg      Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip_clamp
+
+        // load unscaled value into st(0)
+        fld     dword ptr [esi]         // stack:  value, int scaler
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        fmul    st(0), st(1)            // st(0) *= st(1), stack:  value*(int scaler), int scaler
+
+    /*
+        // call PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither with C calling convention
+        mov     sourceByteStride, eax   // save eax
+        mov     sourceEnd, ecx          // save ecx
+        push    ditherGenerator         // pass ditherGenerator parameter on stack
+        call    PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither  // stack:  dither, value*(int scaler), int scaler
+        pop     edx                     // clear parameter off stack
+        mov     ecx, sourceEnd          // restore ecx
+        mov     eax, sourceByteStride   // restore eax
+    */
+
+    // generate dither
+        mov     sourceByteStride, eax   // save eax
+        mov     edx, 196314165
+        mov     eax, ditherRandSeed1
+        mul     edx                     // eax:edx = eax * 196314165
+        //add     eax, 907633515
+        lea     eax, [eax+907633515]
+        mov     ditherRandSeed1, eax
+        mov     edx, 196314165
+        mov     eax, ditherRandSeed2
+        mul     edx                     // eax:edx = eax * 196314165
+        //add     eax, 907633515
+        lea     eax, [eax+907633515]
+        mov     edx, ditherRandSeed1
+        shr     edx, PA_DITHER_SHIFT_
+        mov     ditherRandSeed2, eax
+        shr     eax, PA_DITHER_SHIFT_
+        //add     eax, edx              // eax -> current
+        lea     eax, [eax+edx]
+        mov     edx, ditherPrevious
+        neg     edx
+        lea     edx, [eax+edx]          // highpass = current - previous
+        mov     highpassedDither, edx
+        mov     ditherPrevious, eax     // previous = current
+        mov     eax, sourceByteStride   // restore eax
+        fild    highpassedDither
+        fmul    const_float_dither_scale_
+    // end generate dither, dither signal in st(0)
+
+        faddp   st(1), st(0)            // stack: dither * value*(int scaler), int scaler
+        fistp   tempInt32               // pop st(0) into tempInt32, stack:  int scaler
+        mov     edx, tempInt32
+        jmp     Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip_store
+
+    Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip_clamp:
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+        shr     edx, 31                 // move sign bit into bit 0
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        add     edx, 0x7FFFFF           // convert to maximum range integers
+
+    Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip_store:
+
+        mov     byte ptr [edi], DL
+        shr     edx, 8
+        //mov     byte ptr [edi+1], DL
+        //mov     byte ptr [edi+2], DH
+        mov     word ptr [edi+1], DX
+
+        //add     edi, ebx              // increment destination ptr
+        lea     edi, [edi+ebx]
+
+        cmp     esi, ecx                // has src ptr reached end?
+        jne     Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip_loop
+
+        ffree   st(0)
+        fincstp
+
+        fwait
+        fnclex
+        fldcw   savedFpuControlWord
+    }
+
+    ditherGenerator->previous = ditherPrevious;
+    ditherGenerator->randSeed1 = ditherRandSeed1;
+    ditherGenerator->randSeed2 = ditherRandSeed2;
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int16(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+/*
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed short *dest =  (signed short*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; // unused parameter
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+
+        short samp = (short) (*src * (32767.0f));
+        *dest = samp;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+*/
+
+    short savedFpuControlWord;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    __asm{
+        // esi -> source ptr
+        // eax -> source byte stride
+        // edi -> destination ptr
+        // ebx -> destination byte stride
+        // ecx -> source end ptr
+        // edx -> temp
+
+        mov     esi, sourceBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 4                  // sizeof float32
+        mov     eax, sourceStride
+        imul    eax, edx                // source byte stride
+
+        mov     ecx, count
+        imul    ecx, eax
+        add     ecx, esi                // source end ptr = count * source byte stride + source ptr
+
+        mov     edi, destinationBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 2                  // sizeof int16
+        mov     ebx, destinationStride
+        imul    ebx, edx                // destination byte stride
+
+        fwait
+        fstcw   savedFpuControlWord
+        fldcw   fpuControlWord_
+
+        fld     int16Scaler_            // stack:  (int)0x7FFF
+
+    Float32_To_Int16_loop:
+
+        // load unscaled value into st(0)
+        fld     dword ptr [esi]         // stack:  value, (int)0x7FFF
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        fmul    st(0), st(1)            // st(0) *= st(1), stack:  value*0x7FFF, (int)0x7FFF
+        fistp   word ptr [edi]          // store scaled int into dest, stack:  (int)0x7FFF
+
+        add     edi, ebx                // increment destination ptr
+        //lea     edi, [edi+ebx]
+
+        cmp     esi, ecx                // has src ptr reached end?
+        jne     Float32_To_Int16_loop
+
+        ffree   st(0)
+        fincstp
+
+        fwait
+        fnclex
+        fldcw   savedFpuControlWord
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int16_Clip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+/*
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed short *dest =  (signed short*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; // unused parameter
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        long samp = (signed long) (*src * (32767.0f));
+        PA_CLIP_( samp, -0x8000, 0x7FFF );
+        *dest = (signed short) samp;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+*/
+
+    short savedFpuControlWord;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    __asm{
+        // esi -> source ptr
+        // eax -> source byte stride
+        // edi -> destination ptr
+        // ebx -> destination byte stride
+        // ecx -> source end ptr
+        // edx -> temp
+
+        mov     esi, sourceBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 4                  // sizeof float32
+        mov     eax, sourceStride
+        imul    eax, edx                // source byte stride
+
+        mov     ecx, count
+        imul    ecx, eax
+        add     ecx, esi                // source end ptr = count * source byte stride + source ptr
+
+        mov     edi, destinationBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 2                  // sizeof int16
+        mov     ebx, destinationStride
+        imul    ebx, edx                // destination byte stride
+
+        fwait
+        fstcw   savedFpuControlWord
+        fldcw   fpuControlWord_
+
+        fld     int16Scaler_            // stack:  (int)0x7FFF
+
+    Float32_To_Int16_Clip_loop:
+
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+
+        and     edx, 0x7FFFFFFF         // mask off sign
+        cmp     edx, 0x3F800000         // greater than 1.0 or less than -1.0
+
+        jg      Float32_To_Int16_Clip_clamp
+
+        // load unscaled value into st(0)
+        fld     dword ptr [esi]         // stack:  value, (int)0x7FFF
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        fmul    st(0), st(1)            // st(0) *= st(1), stack:  value*0x7FFF, (int)0x7FFF
+        fistp   word ptr [edi]          // store scaled int into dest, stack:  (int)0x7FFF
+        jmp     Float32_To_Int16_Clip_stored
+
+    Float32_To_Int16_Clip_clamp:
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+        shr     edx, 31                 // move sign bit into bit 0
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        add     dx, 0x7FFF              // convert to maximum range integers
+        mov     word ptr [edi], dx      // store clamped into into dest
+
+    Float32_To_Int16_Clip_stored:
+
+        add     edi, ebx                // increment destination ptr
+        //lea     edi, [edi+ebx]
+
+        cmp     esi, ecx                // has src ptr reached end?
+        jne     Float32_To_Int16_Clip_loop
+
+        ffree   st(0)
+        fincstp
+
+        fwait
+        fnclex
+        fldcw   savedFpuControlWord
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+/*
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed short *dest =  (signed short*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; // unused parameter
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+
+        float dither  = PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        // use smaller scaler to prevent overflow when we add the dither
+        float dithered = (*src * (32766.0f)) + dither;
+        signed long samp = (signed long) dithered;
+        PA_CLIP_( samp, -0x8000, 0x7FFF );
+        *dest = (signed short) samp;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+*/
+
+    short savedFpuControlWord;
+
+    // spill storage:
+    signed long sourceByteStride;
+    signed long highpassedDither;
+
+    // dither state:
+    unsigned long ditherPrevious = ditherGenerator->previous;
+    unsigned long ditherRandSeed1 = ditherGenerator->randSeed1;
+    unsigned long ditherRandSeed2 = ditherGenerator->randSeed2;
+
+    __asm{
+        // esi -> source ptr
+        // eax -> source byte stride
+        // edi -> destination ptr
+        // ebx -> destination byte stride
+        // ecx -> source end ptr
+        // edx -> temp
+
+        mov     esi, sourceBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 4                  // sizeof float32
+        mov     eax, sourceStride
+        imul    eax, edx                // source byte stride
+
+        mov     ecx, count
+        imul    ecx, eax
+        add     ecx, esi                // source end ptr = count * source byte stride + source ptr
+
+        mov     edi, destinationBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 2                  // sizeof int16
+        mov     ebx, destinationStride
+        imul    ebx, edx                // destination byte stride
+
+        fwait
+        fstcw   savedFpuControlWord
+        fldcw   fpuControlWord_
+
+        fld     ditheredInt16Scaler_    // stack:  int scaler
+
+    Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip_loop:
+
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+
+        and     edx, 0x7FFFFFFF         // mask off sign
+        cmp     edx, 0x3F800000         // greater than 1.0 or less than -1.0
+
+        jg      Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip_clamp
+
+        // load unscaled value into st(0)
+        fld     dword ptr [esi]         // stack:  value, int scaler
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        fmul    st(0), st(1)            // st(0) *= st(1), stack:  value*(int scaler), int scaler
+
+        /*
+        // call PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither with C calling convention
+        mov     sourceByteStride, eax   // save eax
+        mov     sourceEnd, ecx          // save ecx
+        push    ditherGenerator         // pass ditherGenerator parameter on stack
+        call    PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither  // stack:  dither, value*(int scaler), int scaler
+        pop     edx                     // clear parameter off stack
+        mov     ecx, sourceEnd          // restore ecx
+        mov     eax, sourceByteStride   // restore eax
+        */
+
+    // generate dither
+        mov     sourceByteStride, eax   // save eax
+        mov     edx, 196314165
+        mov     eax, ditherRandSeed1
+        mul     edx                     // eax:edx = eax * 196314165
+        //add     eax, 907633515
+        lea     eax, [eax+907633515]
+        mov     ditherRandSeed1, eax
+        mov     edx, 196314165
+        mov     eax, ditherRandSeed2
+        mul     edx                     // eax:edx = eax * 196314165
+        //add     eax, 907633515
+        lea     eax, [eax+907633515]
+        mov     edx, ditherRandSeed1
+        shr     edx, PA_DITHER_SHIFT_
+        mov     ditherRandSeed2, eax
+        shr     eax, PA_DITHER_SHIFT_
+        //add     eax, edx              // eax -> current
+        lea     eax, [eax+edx]          // current = randSeed1>>x + randSeed2>>x
+        mov     edx, ditherPrevious
+        neg     edx
+        lea     edx, [eax+edx]          // highpass = current - previous
+        mov     highpassedDither, edx
+        mov     ditherPrevious, eax     // previous = current
+        mov     eax, sourceByteStride   // restore eax
+        fild    highpassedDither
+        fmul    const_float_dither_scale_
+    // end generate dither, dither signal in st(0)
+
+        faddp   st(1), st(0)            // stack: dither * value*(int scaler), int scaler
+        fistp   word ptr [edi]          // store scaled int into dest, stack:  int scaler
+        jmp     Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip_stored
+
+    Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip_clamp:
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+        shr     edx, 31                 // move sign bit into bit 0
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        add     dx, 0x7FFF              // convert to maximum range integers
+        mov     word ptr [edi], dx      // store clamped into into dest
+
+    Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip_stored:
+
+        add     edi, ebx                // increment destination ptr
+        //lea     edi, [edi+ebx]
+
+        cmp     esi, ecx                // has src ptr reached end?
+        jne     Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip_loop
+
+        ffree   st(0)
+        fincstp
+
+        fwait
+        fnclex
+        fldcw   savedFpuControlWord
+    }
+
+    ditherGenerator->previous = ditherPrevious;
+    ditherGenerator->randSeed1 = ditherRandSeed1;
+    ditherGenerator->randSeed2 = ditherRandSeed2;
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+void PaUtil_InitializeX86PlainConverters( void )
+{
+    paConverters.Float32_To_Int32 = Float32_To_Int32;
+    paConverters.Float32_To_Int32_Clip = Float32_To_Int32_Clip;
+    paConverters.Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip = Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip;
+
+    paConverters.Float32_To_Int24 = Float32_To_Int24;
+    paConverters.Float32_To_Int24_Clip = Float32_To_Int24_Clip;
+    paConverters.Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip = Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip;
+
+    paConverters.Float32_To_Int16 = Float32_To_Int16;
+    paConverters.Float32_To_Int16_Clip = Float32_To_Int16_Clip;
+    paConverters.Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip = Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_x86_plain_converters.h b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_x86_plain_converters.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8914ed1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/Win64/os/win/pa_x86_plain_converters.h
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Plain Intel IA32 assembly implementations of PortAudio sample converter functions.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup win_src
+*/
+
+#ifndef PA_X86_PLAIN_CONVERTERS_H
+#define PA_X86_PLAIN_CONVERTERS_H
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+/**
+ @brief Install optimized converter functions suitable for all IA32 processors
+
+ It is recommended to call PaUtil_InitializeX86PlainConverters prior to calling Pa_Initialize
+*/
+void PaUtil_InitializeX86PlainConverters( void );
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#endif /* PA_X86_PLAIN_CONVERTERS_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_allocation.c b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_allocation.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e3298a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_allocation.c
@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library allocation group implementation
+ * memory allocation group for tracking allocation groups
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+
+ @brief Allocation Group implementation.
+*/
+
+
+#include "pa_allocation.h"
+#include "pa_util.h"
+
+
+/*
+    Maintain 3 singly linked lists...
+    linkBlocks: the buffers used to allocate the links
+    spareLinks: links available for use in the allocations list
+    allocations: the buffers currently allocated using PaUtil_ContextAllocateMemory()
+
+    Link block size is doubled every time new links are allocated.
+*/
+
+
+#define PA_INITIAL_LINK_COUNT_    16
+
+struct PaUtilAllocationGroupLink
+{
+    struct PaUtilAllocationGroupLink *next;
+    void *buffer;
+};
+
+/*
+    Allocate a block of links. The first link will have it's buffer member
+    pointing to the block, and it's next member set to <nextBlock>. The remaining
+    links will have NULL buffer members, and each link will point to
+    the next link except the last, which will point to <nextSpare>
+*/
+static struct PaUtilAllocationGroupLink *AllocateLinks( long count,
+        struct PaUtilAllocationGroupLink *nextBlock,
+        struct PaUtilAllocationGroupLink *nextSpare )
+{
+    struct PaUtilAllocationGroupLink *result;
+    int i;
+
+    result = (struct PaUtilAllocationGroupLink *)PaUtil_AllocateMemory(
+            sizeof(struct PaUtilAllocationGroupLink) * count );
+    if( result )
+    {
+        /* the block link */
+        result[0].buffer = result;
+        result[0].next = nextBlock;
+
+        /* the spare links */
+        for( i=1; i<count; ++i )
+        {
+            result[i].buffer = 0;
+            result[i].next = &result[i+1];
+        }
+        result[count-1].next = nextSpare;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaUtilAllocationGroup* PaUtil_CreateAllocationGroup( void )
+{
+    PaUtilAllocationGroup* result = 0;
+    struct PaUtilAllocationGroupLink *links;
+
+
+    links = AllocateLinks( PA_INITIAL_LINK_COUNT_, 0, 0 );
+    if( links != 0 )
+    {
+        result = (PaUtilAllocationGroup*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaUtilAllocationGroup) );
+        if( result )
+        {
+            result->linkCount = PA_INITIAL_LINK_COUNT_;
+            result->linkBlocks = &links[0];
+            result->spareLinks = &links[1];
+            result->allocations = 0;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            PaUtil_FreeMemory( links );
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup( PaUtilAllocationGroup* group )
+{
+    struct PaUtilAllocationGroupLink *current = group->linkBlocks;
+    struct PaUtilAllocationGroupLink *next;
+
+    while( current )
+    {
+        next = current->next;
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( current->buffer );
+        current = next;
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( group );
+}
+
+
+void* PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory( PaUtilAllocationGroup* group, long size )
+{
+    struct PaUtilAllocationGroupLink *links, *link;
+    void *result = 0;
+
+    /* allocate more links if necessary */
+    if( !group->spareLinks )
+    {
+        /* double the link count on each block allocation */
+        links = AllocateLinks( group->linkCount, group->linkBlocks, group->spareLinks );
+        if( links )
+        {
+            group->linkCount += group->linkCount;
+            group->linkBlocks = &links[0];
+            group->spareLinks = &links[1];
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( group->spareLinks )
+    {
+        result = PaUtil_AllocateMemory( size );
+        if( result )
+        {
+            link = group->spareLinks;
+            group->spareLinks = link->next;
+
+            link->buffer = result;
+            link->next = group->allocations;
+
+            group->allocations = link;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_GroupFreeMemory( PaUtilAllocationGroup* group, void *buffer )
+{
+    struct PaUtilAllocationGroupLink *current = group->allocations;
+    struct PaUtilAllocationGroupLink *previous = 0;
+
+    if( buffer == 0 )
+        return;
+
+    /* find the right link and remove it */
+    while( current )
+    {
+        if( current->buffer == buffer )
+        {
+            if( previous )
+            {
+                previous->next = current->next;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                group->allocations = current->next;
+            }
+
+            current->buffer = 0;
+            current->next = group->spareLinks;
+            group->spareLinks = current;
+
+            break;
+        }
+
+        previous = current;
+        current = current->next;
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( buffer ); /* free the memory whether we found it in the list or not */
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations( PaUtilAllocationGroup* group )
+{
+    struct PaUtilAllocationGroupLink *current = group->allocations;
+    struct PaUtilAllocationGroupLink *previous = 0;
+
+    /* free all buffers in the allocations list */
+    while( current )
+    {
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( current->buffer );
+        current->buffer = 0;
+
+        previous = current;
+        current = current->next;
+    }
+
+    /* link the former allocations list onto the front of the spareLinks list */
+    if( previous )
+    {
+        previous->next = group->spareLinks;
+        group->spareLinks = group->allocations;
+        group->allocations = 0;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_allocation.h b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_allocation.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c3cf53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_allocation.h
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+#ifndef PA_ALLOCATION_H
+#define PA_ALLOCATION_H
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library allocation context header
+ * memory allocation context for tracking allocation groups
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2008 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+
+ @brief Allocation Group prototypes. An Allocation Group makes it easy to
+ allocate multiple blocks of memory and free them all at once.
+
+ An allocation group is useful for keeping track of multiple blocks
+ of memory which are allocated at the same time (such as during initialization)
+ and need to be deallocated at the same time. The allocation group maintains
+ a list of allocated blocks, and can free all allocations at once. This
+ can be useful for cleaning up after a partially initialized object fails.
+
+ The allocation group implementation is built on top of the lower
+ level allocation functions defined in pa_util.h
+*/
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    long linkCount;
+    struct PaUtilAllocationGroupLink *linkBlocks;
+    struct PaUtilAllocationGroupLink *spareLinks;
+    struct PaUtilAllocationGroupLink *allocations;
+}PaUtilAllocationGroup;
+
+
+
+/** Create an allocation group.
+*/
+PaUtilAllocationGroup* PaUtil_CreateAllocationGroup( void );
+
+/** Destroy an allocation group, but not the memory allocated through the group.
+*/
+void PaUtil_DestroyAllocationGroup( PaUtilAllocationGroup* group );
+
+/** Allocate a block of memory though an allocation group.
+*/
+void* PaUtil_GroupAllocateMemory( PaUtilAllocationGroup* group, long size );
+
+/** Free a block of memory that was previously allocated though an allocation
+ group. Calling this function is a relatively time consuming operation.
+ Under normal circumstances clients should call PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations to
+ free all allocated blocks simultaneously.
+ @see PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations
+*/
+void PaUtil_GroupFreeMemory( PaUtilAllocationGroup* group, void *buffer );
+
+/** Free all blocks of memory which have been allocated through the allocation
+ group. This function doesn't destroy the group itself.
+*/
+void PaUtil_FreeAllAllocations( PaUtilAllocationGroup* group );
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#endif /* PA_ALLOCATION_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_converters.c b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_converters.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c0e4e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_converters.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1984 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library sample conversion mechanism
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Phil Burk, Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+
+ @brief Conversion function implementations.
+
+ If the C9x function lrintf() is available, define PA_USE_C99_LRINTF to use it
+
+ @todo Consider whether functions which dither but don't clip should exist,
+ V18 automatically enabled clipping whenever dithering was selected. Perhaps
+ we should do the same.
+    see: "require clipping for dithering sample conversion functions?"
+    http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/112
+
+ @todo implement the converters marked IMPLEMENT ME: Int32_To_Int24_Dither,
+ Int32_To_UInt8_Dither, Int24_To_Int16_Dither, Int24_To_Int8_Dither,
+ Int24_To_UInt8_Dither, Int16_To_Int8_Dither, Int16_To_UInt8_Dither
+    see: "some conversion functions are not implemented in pa_converters.c"
+    http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/35
+
+ @todo review the converters marked REVIEW: Float32_To_Int32,
+ Float32_To_Int32_Dither, Float32_To_Int32_Clip, Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip,
+ Int32_To_Int16_Dither, Int32_To_Int8_Dither, Int16_To_Int32
+*/
+
+
+#include "pa_converters.h"
+#include "pa_dither.h"
+#include "pa_endianness.h"
+#include "pa_types.h"
+
+
+PaSampleFormat PaUtil_SelectClosestAvailableFormat(
+        PaSampleFormat availableFormats, PaSampleFormat format )
+{
+    PaSampleFormat result;
+
+    format &= ~paNonInterleaved;
+    availableFormats &= ~paNonInterleaved;
+
+    if( (format & availableFormats) == 0 )
+    {
+        /* NOTE: this code depends on the sample format constants being in
+            descending order of quality - ie best quality is 0
+            FIXME: should write an assert which checks that all of the
+            known constants conform to that requirement.
+        */
+
+        if( format != 0x01 )
+        {
+            /* scan for better formats */
+            result = format;
+            do
+            {
+                result >>= 1;
+            }
+            while( (result & availableFormats) == 0 && result != 0 );
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            result = 0;
+        }
+
+        if( result == 0 ){
+            /* scan for worse formats */
+            result = format;
+            do
+            {
+                result <<= 1;
+            }
+            while( (result & availableFormats) == 0 && result != paCustomFormat );
+
+            if( (result & availableFormats) == 0 )
+                result = paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+        }
+
+    }else{
+        result = format;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+#define PA_SELECT_FORMAT_( format, float32, int32, int24, int16, int8, uint8 ) \
+    switch( format & ~paNonInterleaved ){                                      \
+    case paFloat32:                                                            \
+        float32                                                                \
+    case paInt32:                                                              \
+        int32                                                                  \
+    case paInt24:                                                              \
+        int24                                                                  \
+    case paInt16:                                                              \
+        int16                                                                  \
+    case paInt8:                                                               \
+        int8                                                                   \
+    case paUInt8:                                                              \
+        uint8                                                                  \
+    default: return 0;                                                         \
+    }
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+#define PA_SELECT_CONVERTER_DITHER_CLIP_( flags, source, destination )         \
+    if( flags & paClipOff ){ /* no clip */                                     \
+        if( flags & paDitherOff ){ /* no dither */                             \
+            return paConverters. source ## _To_ ## destination;                \
+        }else{ /* dither */                                                    \
+            return paConverters. source ## _To_ ## destination ## _Dither;     \
+        }                                                                      \
+    }else{ /* clip */                                                          \
+        if( flags & paDitherOff ){ /* no dither */                             \
+            return paConverters. source ## _To_ ## destination ## _Clip;       \
+        }else{ /* dither */                                                    \
+            return paConverters. source ## _To_ ## destination ## _DitherClip; \
+        }                                                                      \
+    }
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+#define PA_SELECT_CONVERTER_DITHER_( flags, source, destination )              \
+    if( flags & paDitherOff ){ /* no dither */                                 \
+        return paConverters. source ## _To_ ## destination;                    \
+    }else{ /* dither */                                                        \
+        return paConverters. source ## _To_ ## destination ## _Dither;         \
+    }
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+#define PA_USE_CONVERTER_( source, destination )\
+    return paConverters. source ## _To_ ## destination;
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+#define PA_UNITY_CONVERSION_( wordlength )\
+    return paConverters. Copy_ ## wordlength ## _To_ ## wordlength;
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+PaUtilConverter* PaUtil_SelectConverter( PaSampleFormat sourceFormat,
+        PaSampleFormat destinationFormat, PaStreamFlags flags )
+{
+    PA_SELECT_FORMAT_( sourceFormat,
+                       /* paFloat32: */
+                       PA_SELECT_FORMAT_( destinationFormat,
+                                          /* paFloat32: */        PA_UNITY_CONVERSION_( 32 ),
+                                          /* paInt32: */          PA_SELECT_CONVERTER_DITHER_CLIP_( flags, Float32, Int32 ),
+                                          /* paInt24: */          PA_SELECT_CONVERTER_DITHER_CLIP_( flags, Float32, Int24 ),
+                                          /* paInt16: */          PA_SELECT_CONVERTER_DITHER_CLIP_( flags, Float32, Int16 ),
+                                          /* paInt8: */           PA_SELECT_CONVERTER_DITHER_CLIP_( flags, Float32, Int8 ),
+                                          /* paUInt8: */          PA_SELECT_CONVERTER_DITHER_CLIP_( flags, Float32, UInt8 )
+                                        ),
+                       /* paInt32: */
+                       PA_SELECT_FORMAT_( destinationFormat,
+                                          
+                                          /* paFloat32: */        PA_USE_CONVERTER_( Int32, Float32 ),
+                                          /* paInt32: */          PA_UNITY_CONVERSION_( 32 ),
+                                          /* paInt24: */          PA_SELECT_CONVERTER_DITHER_( flags, Int32, Int24 ),
+                                          /* paInt16: */          PA_SELECT_CONVERTER_DITHER_( flags, Int32, Int16 ),
+                                          /* paInt8: */           PA_SELECT_CONVERTER_DITHER_( flags, Int32, Int8 ),
+                                          /* paUInt8: */          PA_SELECT_CONVERTER_DITHER_( flags, Int32, UInt8 )
+                                        ),
+                       /* paInt24: */
+                       PA_SELECT_FORMAT_( destinationFormat,
+                                          /* paFloat32: */        PA_USE_CONVERTER_( Int24, Float32 ),
+                                          /* paInt32: */          PA_USE_CONVERTER_( Int24, Int32 ),
+                                          /* paInt24: */          PA_UNITY_CONVERSION_( 24 ),
+                                          /* paInt16: */          PA_SELECT_CONVERTER_DITHER_( flags, Int24, Int16 ),
+                                          /* paInt8: */           PA_SELECT_CONVERTER_DITHER_( flags, Int24, Int8 ),
+                                          /* paUInt8: */          PA_SELECT_CONVERTER_DITHER_( flags, Int24, UInt8 )
+                                        ),
+                       /* paInt16: */
+                       PA_SELECT_FORMAT_( destinationFormat,
+                                          /* paFloat32: */        PA_USE_CONVERTER_( Int16, Float32 ),
+                                          /* paInt32: */          PA_USE_CONVERTER_( Int16, Int32 ),
+                                          /* paInt24: */          PA_USE_CONVERTER_( Int16, Int24 ),
+                                          /* paInt16: */          PA_UNITY_CONVERSION_( 16 ),
+                                          /* paInt8: */           PA_SELECT_CONVERTER_DITHER_( flags, Int16, Int8 ),
+                                          /* paUInt8: */          PA_SELECT_CONVERTER_DITHER_( flags, Int16, UInt8 )
+                                        ),
+                       /* paInt8: */
+                       PA_SELECT_FORMAT_( destinationFormat,
+                                          /* paFloat32: */        PA_USE_CONVERTER_( Int8, Float32 ),
+                                          /* paInt32: */          PA_USE_CONVERTER_( Int8, Int32 ),
+                                          /* paInt24: */          PA_USE_CONVERTER_( Int8, Int24 ),
+                                          /* paInt16: */          PA_USE_CONVERTER_( Int8, Int16 ),
+                                          /* paInt8: */           PA_UNITY_CONVERSION_( 8 ),
+                                          /* paUInt8: */          PA_USE_CONVERTER_( Int8, UInt8 )
+                                        ),
+                       /* paUInt8: */
+                       PA_SELECT_FORMAT_( destinationFormat,
+                                          /* paFloat32: */        PA_USE_CONVERTER_( UInt8, Float32 ),
+                                          /* paInt32: */          PA_USE_CONVERTER_( UInt8, Int32 ),
+                                          /* paInt24: */          PA_USE_CONVERTER_( UInt8, Int24 ),
+                                          /* paInt16: */          PA_USE_CONVERTER_( UInt8, Int16 ),
+                                          /* paInt8: */           PA_USE_CONVERTER_( UInt8, Int8 ),
+                                          /* paUInt8: */          PA_UNITY_CONVERSION_( 8 )
+                                        )
+                     )
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+#ifdef PA_NO_STANDARD_CONVERTERS
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+PaUtilConverterTable paConverters = {
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int32; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int32_Dither; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int32_Clip; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip; */
+
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int24; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int24_Dither; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int24_Clip; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip; */
+
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int16; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int16_Dither; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int16_Clip; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip; */
+
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int8; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int8_Dither; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int8_Clip; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int8_DitherClip; */
+
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_UInt8; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_UInt8_Dither; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_UInt8_Clip; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_UInt8_DitherClip; */
+
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Float32; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Int24; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Int24_Dither; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Int16; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Int16_Dither; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Int8; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Int8_Dither; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_UInt8; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_UInt8_Dither; */
+
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_Float32; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_Int32; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_Int16; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_Int16_Dither; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_Int8; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_Int8_Dither; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_UInt8; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_UInt8_Dither; */
+
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_Float32; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_Int32; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_Int24; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_Int8; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_Int8_Dither; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_UInt8; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_UInt8_Dither; */
+
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int8_To_Float32; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int8_To_Int32; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int8_To_Int24 */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int8_To_Int16; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Int8_To_UInt8; */
+
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *UInt8_To_Float32; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *UInt8_To_Int32; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *UInt8_To_Int24; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *UInt8_To_Int16; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *UInt8_To_Int8; */
+
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Copy_8_To_8; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Copy_16_To_16; */
+    0, /* PaUtilConverter *Copy_24_To_24; */
+    0  /* PaUtilConverter *Copy_32_To_32; */
+};
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+#else /* PA_NO_STANDARD_CONVERTERS is not defined */
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+#define PA_CLIP_( val, min, max )\
+    { val = ((val) < (min)) ? (min) : (((val) > (max)) ? (max) : (val)); }
+
+
+static const float const_1_div_128_ = 1.0f / 128.0f;  /* 8 bit multiplier */
+
+static const float const_1_div_32768_ = 1.0f / 32768.f; /* 16 bit multiplier */
+
+static const double const_1_div_2147483648_ = 1.0 / 2147483648.0; /* 32 bit multiplier */
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int32(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    PaInt32 *dest =  (PaInt32*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        /* REVIEW */
+#ifdef PA_USE_C99_LRINTF
+        float scaled = *src * 0x7FFFFFFF;
+        *dest = lrintf(scaled-0.5f);
+#else
+        double scaled = *src * 0x7FFFFFFF;
+        *dest = (PaInt32) scaled;
+#endif
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int32_Dither(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    PaInt32 *dest =  (PaInt32*)destinationBuffer;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        /* REVIEW */
+#ifdef PA_USE_C99_LRINTF
+        float dither  = PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        /* use smaller scaler to prevent overflow when we add the dither */
+        float dithered = ((float)*src * (2147483646.0f)) + dither;
+        *dest = lrintf(dithered - 0.5f);
+#else
+        double dither  = PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        /* use smaller scaler to prevent overflow when we add the dither */
+        double dithered = ((double)*src * (2147483646.0)) + dither;
+        *dest = (PaInt32) dithered;
+#endif
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int32_Clip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    PaInt32 *dest =  (PaInt32*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        /* REVIEW */
+#ifdef PA_USE_C99_LRINTF
+        float scaled = *src * 0x7FFFFFFF;
+        PA_CLIP_( scaled, -2147483648.f, 2147483647.f  );
+        *dest = lrintf(scaled-0.5f);
+#else
+        double scaled = *src * 0x7FFFFFFF;
+        PA_CLIP_( scaled, -2147483648., 2147483647.  );
+        *dest = (PaInt32) scaled;
+#endif
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    PaInt32 *dest =  (PaInt32*)destinationBuffer;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        /* REVIEW */
+#ifdef PA_USE_C99_LRINTF
+        float dither  = PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        /* use smaller scaler to prevent overflow when we add the dither */
+        float dithered = ((float)*src * (2147483646.0f)) + dither;
+        PA_CLIP_( dithered, -2147483648.f, 2147483647.f  );
+        *dest = lrintf(dithered-0.5f);
+#else
+        double dither  = PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        /* use smaller scaler to prevent overflow when we add the dither */
+        double dithered = ((double)*src * (2147483646.0)) + dither;
+        PA_CLIP_( dithered, -2147483648., 2147483647.  );
+        *dest = (PaInt32) dithered;
+#endif
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int24(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest = (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    PaInt32 temp;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        /* convert to 32 bit and drop the low 8 bits */
+        double scaled = (double)(*src) * 2147483647.0;
+        temp = (PaInt32) scaled;
+
+#if defined(PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+        dest[0] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 8);
+        dest[1] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 16);
+        dest[2] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 24);
+#elif defined(PA_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        dest[0] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 24);
+        dest[1] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 16);
+        dest[2] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 8);
+#endif
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride * 3;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int24_Dither(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest = (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    PaInt32 temp;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        /* convert to 32 bit and drop the low 8 bits */
+
+        double dither  = PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        /* use smaller scaler to prevent overflow when we add the dither */
+        double dithered = ((double)*src * (2147483646.0)) + dither;
+
+        temp = (PaInt32) dithered;
+
+#if defined(PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+        dest[0] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 8);
+        dest[1] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 16);
+        dest[2] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 24);
+#elif defined(PA_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        dest[0] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 24);
+        dest[1] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 16);
+        dest[2] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 8);
+#endif
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride * 3;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int24_Clip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest = (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    PaInt32 temp;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        /* convert to 32 bit and drop the low 8 bits */
+        double scaled = *src * 0x7FFFFFFF;
+        PA_CLIP_( scaled, -2147483648., 2147483647.  );
+        temp = (PaInt32) scaled;
+
+#if defined(PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+        dest[0] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 8);
+        dest[1] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 16);
+        dest[2] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 24);
+#elif defined(PA_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        dest[0] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 24);
+        dest[1] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 16);
+        dest[2] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 8);
+#endif
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride * 3;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest = (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    PaInt32 temp;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        /* convert to 32 bit and drop the low 8 bits */
+
+        double dither  = PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        /* use smaller scaler to prevent overflow when we add the dither */
+        double dithered = ((double)*src * (2147483646.0)) + dither;
+        PA_CLIP_( dithered, -2147483648., 2147483647.  );
+
+        temp = (PaInt32) dithered;
+
+#if defined(PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+        dest[0] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 8);
+        dest[1] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 16);
+        dest[2] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 24);
+#elif defined(PA_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        dest[0] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 24);
+        dest[1] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 16);
+        dest[2] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 8);
+#endif
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride * 3;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int16(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    PaInt16 *dest =  (PaInt16*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+#ifdef PA_USE_C99_LRINTF
+        float tempf = (*src * (32767.0f)) ;
+        *dest = lrintf(tempf-0.5f);
+#else
+        short samp = (short) (*src * (32767.0f));
+        *dest = samp;
+#endif
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int16_Dither(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    PaInt16 *dest = (PaInt16*)destinationBuffer;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+
+        float dither  = PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        /* use smaller scaler to prevent overflow when we add the dither */
+        float dithered = (*src * (32766.0f)) + dither;
+
+#ifdef PA_USE_C99_LRINTF
+        *dest = lrintf(dithered-0.5f);
+#else
+        *dest = (PaInt16) dithered;
+#endif
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int16_Clip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    PaInt16 *dest =  (PaInt16*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+#ifdef PA_USE_C99_LRINTF
+        long samp = lrintf((*src * (32767.0f)) -0.5f);
+#else
+        long samp = (PaInt32) (*src * (32767.0f));
+#endif
+        PA_CLIP_( samp, -0x8000, 0x7FFF );
+        *dest = (PaInt16) samp;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    PaInt16 *dest =  (PaInt16*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+
+        float dither  = PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        /* use smaller scaler to prevent overflow when we add the dither */
+        float dithered = (*src * (32766.0f)) + dither;
+        PaInt32 samp = (PaInt32) dithered;
+        PA_CLIP_( samp, -0x8000, 0x7FFF );
+#ifdef PA_USE_C99_LRINTF
+        *dest = lrintf(samp-0.5f);
+#else
+        *dest = (PaInt16) samp;
+#endif
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int8(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed char *dest =  (signed char*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        signed char samp = (signed char) (*src * (127.0f));
+        *dest = samp;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int8_Dither(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed char *dest =  (signed char*)destinationBuffer;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        float dither  = PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        /* use smaller scaler to prevent overflow when we add the dither */
+        float dithered = (*src * (126.0f)) + dither;
+        PaInt32 samp = (PaInt32) dithered;
+        *dest = (signed char) samp;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int8_Clip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed char *dest =  (signed char*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        PaInt32 samp = (PaInt32)(*src * (127.0f));
+        PA_CLIP_( samp, -0x80, 0x7F );
+        *dest = (signed char) samp;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int8_DitherClip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed char *dest =  (signed char*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        float dither  = PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        /* use smaller scaler to prevent overflow when we add the dither */
+        float dithered = (*src * (126.0f)) + dither;
+        PaInt32 samp = (PaInt32) dithered;
+        PA_CLIP_( samp, -0x80, 0x7F );
+        *dest = (signed char) samp;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_UInt8(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest =  (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        unsigned char samp = (unsigned char)(128 + ((unsigned char) (*src * (127.0f))));
+        *dest = samp;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_UInt8_Dither(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest =  (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        float dither  = PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        /* use smaller scaler to prevent overflow when we add the dither */
+        float dithered = (*src * (126.0f)) + dither;
+        PaInt32 samp = (PaInt32) dithered;
+        *dest = (unsigned char) (128 + samp);
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_UInt8_Clip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest =  (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        PaInt32 samp = 128 + (PaInt32)(*src * (127.0f));
+        PA_CLIP_( samp, 0x0000, 0x00FF );
+        *dest = (unsigned char) samp;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_UInt8_DitherClip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest =  (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        float dither  = PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        /* use smaller scaler to prevent overflow when we add the dither */
+        float dithered = (*src * (126.0f)) + dither;
+        PaInt32 samp = 128 + (PaInt32) dithered;
+        PA_CLIP_( samp, 0x0000, 0x00FF );
+        *dest = (unsigned char) samp;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int32_To_Float32(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    PaInt32 *src = (PaInt32*)sourceBuffer;
+    float *dest =  (float*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        *dest = (float) ((double)*src * const_1_div_2147483648_);
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int32_To_Int24(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    PaInt32 *src    = (PaInt32*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest = (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        /* REVIEW */
+#if defined(PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+        dest[0] = (unsigned char)(*src >> 8);
+        dest[1] = (unsigned char)(*src >> 16);
+        dest[2] = (unsigned char)(*src >> 24);
+#elif defined(PA_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        dest[0] = (unsigned char)(*src >> 24);
+        dest[1] = (unsigned char)(*src >> 16);
+        dest[2] = (unsigned char)(*src >> 8);
+#endif
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride * 3;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int32_To_Int24_Dither(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    (void) destinationBuffer; /* unused parameters */
+    (void) destinationStride; /* unused parameters */
+    (void) sourceBuffer; /* unused parameters */
+    (void) sourceStride; /* unused parameters */
+    (void) count; /* unused parameters */
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameters */
+    /* IMPLEMENT ME */
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int32_To_Int16(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    PaInt32 *src = (PaInt32*)sourceBuffer;
+    PaInt16 *dest =  (PaInt16*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        *dest = (PaInt16) ((*src) >> 16);
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int32_To_Int16_Dither(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    PaInt32 *src = (PaInt32*)sourceBuffer;
+    PaInt16 *dest =  (PaInt16*)destinationBuffer;
+    PaInt32 dither;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        /* REVIEW */
+        dither = PaUtil_Generate16BitTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        *dest = (PaInt16) ((((*src)>>1) + dither) >> 15);
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int32_To_Int8(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    PaInt32 *src = (PaInt32*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed char *dest =  (signed char*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        *dest = (signed char) ((*src) >> 24);
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int32_To_Int8_Dither(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    PaInt32 *src = (PaInt32*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed char *dest =  (signed char*)destinationBuffer;
+    PaInt32 dither;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        /* REVIEW */
+        dither = PaUtil_Generate16BitTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        *dest = (signed char) ((((*src)>>1) + dither) >> 23);
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int32_To_UInt8(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    PaInt32 *src = (PaInt32*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest =  (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        (*dest) = (unsigned char)(((*src) >> 24) + 128);
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int32_To_UInt8_Dither(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    PaInt32 *src = (PaInt32*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest =  (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        /* IMPLEMENT ME */
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int24_To_Float32(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    unsigned char *src = (unsigned char*)sourceBuffer;
+    float *dest = (float*)destinationBuffer;
+    PaInt32 temp;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+
+#if defined(PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+        temp = (((PaInt32)src[0]) << 8);
+        temp = temp | (((PaInt32)src[1]) << 16);
+        temp = temp | (((PaInt32)src[2]) << 24);
+#elif defined(PA_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        temp = (((PaInt32)src[0]) << 24);
+        temp = temp | (((PaInt32)src[1]) << 16);
+        temp = temp | (((PaInt32)src[2]) << 8);
+#endif
+
+        *dest = (float) ((double)temp * const_1_div_2147483648_);
+
+        src += sourceStride * 3;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int24_To_Int32(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    unsigned char *src  = (unsigned char*)sourceBuffer;
+    PaInt32 *dest = (PaInt32*)  destinationBuffer;
+    PaInt32 temp;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+
+#if defined(PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+        temp = (((PaInt32)src[0]) << 8);
+        temp = temp | (((PaInt32)src[1]) << 16);
+        temp = temp | (((PaInt32)src[2]) << 24);
+#elif defined(PA_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        temp = (((PaInt32)src[0]) << 24);
+        temp = temp | (((PaInt32)src[1]) << 16);
+        temp = temp | (((PaInt32)src[2]) << 8);
+#endif
+
+        *dest = temp;
+
+        src += sourceStride * 3;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int24_To_Int16(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    unsigned char *src = (unsigned char*)sourceBuffer;
+    PaInt16 *dest = (PaInt16*)destinationBuffer;
+
+    PaInt16 temp;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+
+#if defined(PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+        /* src[0] is discarded */
+        temp = (((PaInt16)src[1]));
+        temp = temp | (PaInt16)(((PaInt16)src[2]) << 8);
+#elif defined(PA_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        /* src[2] is discarded */
+        temp = (PaInt16)(((PaInt16)src[0]) << 8);
+        temp = temp | (((PaInt16)src[1]));
+#endif
+
+        *dest = temp;
+
+        src += sourceStride * 3;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int24_To_Int16_Dither(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    unsigned char *src = (unsigned char*)sourceBuffer;
+    PaInt16 *dest = (PaInt16*)destinationBuffer;
+
+    PaInt32 temp, dither;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+
+#if defined(PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+        temp = (((PaInt32)src[0]) << 8);
+        temp = temp | (((PaInt32)src[1]) << 16);
+        temp = temp | (((PaInt32)src[2]) << 24);
+#elif defined(PA_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        temp = (((PaInt32)src[0]) << 24);
+        temp = temp | (((PaInt32)src[1]) << 16);
+        temp = temp | (((PaInt32)src[2]) << 8);
+#endif
+
+        /* REVIEW */
+        dither = PaUtil_Generate16BitTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        *dest = (PaInt16) (((temp >> 1) + dither) >> 15);
+
+        src  += sourceStride * 3;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int24_To_Int8(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    unsigned char *src = (unsigned char*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed char  *dest = (signed char*)destinationBuffer;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+
+#if defined(PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+        /* src[0] is discarded */
+        /* src[1] is discarded */
+        *dest = src[2];
+#elif defined(PA_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        /* src[2] is discarded */
+        /* src[1] is discarded */
+        *dest = src[0];
+#endif
+
+        src += sourceStride * 3;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int24_To_Int8_Dither(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    unsigned char *src = (unsigned char*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed char  *dest = (signed char*)destinationBuffer;
+
+    PaInt32 temp, dither;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+
+#if defined(PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+        temp = (((PaInt32)src[0]) << 8);
+        temp = temp | (((PaInt32)src[1]) << 16);
+        temp = temp | (((PaInt32)src[2]) << 24);
+#elif defined(PA_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        temp = (((PaInt32)src[0]) << 24);
+        temp = temp | (((PaInt32)src[1]) << 16);
+        temp = temp | (((PaInt32)src[2]) << 8);
+#endif
+
+        /* REVIEW */
+        dither = PaUtil_Generate16BitTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        *dest = (signed char) (((temp >> 1) + dither) >> 23);
+
+        src += sourceStride * 3;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int24_To_UInt8(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    unsigned char *src = (unsigned char*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest = (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+
+#if defined(PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+        /* src[0] is discarded */
+        /* src[1] is discarded */
+        *dest = (unsigned char)(src[2] + 128);
+#elif defined(PA_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        *dest = (unsigned char)(src[0] + 128);
+        /* src[1] is discarded */
+        /* src[2] is discarded */
+#endif
+
+        src += sourceStride * 3;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int24_To_UInt8_Dither(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    (void) destinationBuffer; /* unused parameters */
+    (void) destinationStride; /* unused parameters */
+    (void) sourceBuffer; /* unused parameters */
+    (void) sourceStride; /* unused parameters */
+    (void) count; /* unused parameters */
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameters */
+    /* IMPLEMENT ME */
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int16_To_Float32(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    PaInt16 *src = (PaInt16*)sourceBuffer;
+    float *dest =  (float*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        float samp = *src * const_1_div_32768_; /* FIXME: i'm concerned about this being asymmetrical with float->int16 -rb */
+        *dest = samp;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int16_To_Int32(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    PaInt16 *src = (PaInt16*)sourceBuffer;
+    PaInt32 *dest =  (PaInt32*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        /* REVIEW: we should consider something like
+            (*src << 16) | (*src & 0xFFFF)
+        */
+
+        *dest = *src << 16;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int16_To_Int24(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    PaInt16 *src   = (PaInt16*) sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest = (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    PaInt16 temp;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        temp = *src;
+
+#if defined(PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+        dest[0] = 0;
+        dest[1] = (unsigned char)(temp);
+        dest[2] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 8);
+#elif defined(PA_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        dest[0] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 8);
+        dest[1] = (unsigned char)(temp);
+        dest[2] = 0;
+#endif
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride * 3;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int16_To_Int8(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    PaInt16 *src = (PaInt16*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed char *dest =  (signed char*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        (*dest) = (signed char)((*src) >> 8);
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int16_To_Int8_Dither(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    PaInt16 *src = (PaInt16*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed char *dest =  (signed char*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        /* IMPLEMENT ME */
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int16_To_UInt8(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    PaInt16 *src = (PaInt16*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest =  (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        (*dest) = (unsigned char)(((*src) >> 8) + 128);
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int16_To_UInt8_Dither(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    PaInt16 *src = (PaInt16*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest =  (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        /* IMPLEMENT ME */
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int8_To_Float32(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    signed char *src = (signed char*)sourceBuffer;
+    float *dest =  (float*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        float samp = *src * const_1_div_128_;
+        *dest = samp;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int8_To_Int32(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    signed char *src = (signed char*)sourceBuffer;
+    PaInt32 *dest =  (PaInt32*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        (*dest) = (*src) << 24;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int8_To_Int24(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    signed char *src = (signed char*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest =  (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+
+#if defined(PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+        dest[0] = 0;
+        dest[1] = 0;
+        dest[2] = (*src);
+#elif defined(PA_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        dest[0] = (*src);
+        dest[1] = 0;
+        dest[2] = 0;
+#endif
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride * 3;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int8_To_Int16(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    signed char *src = (signed char*)sourceBuffer;
+    PaInt16 *dest =  (PaInt16*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        (*dest) = (PaInt16)((*src) << 8);
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Int8_To_UInt8(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    signed char *src = (signed char*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest =  (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        (*dest) = (unsigned char)(*src + 128);
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void UInt8_To_Float32(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    unsigned char *src = (unsigned char*)sourceBuffer;
+    float *dest =  (float*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        float samp = (*src - 128) * const_1_div_128_;
+        *dest = samp;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void UInt8_To_Int32(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    unsigned char *src = (unsigned char*)sourceBuffer;
+    PaInt32 *dest = (PaInt32*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        (*dest) = (*src - 128) << 24;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void UInt8_To_Int24(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    unsigned char *src  = (unsigned char*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest = (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameters */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+
+#if defined(PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+        dest[0] = 0;
+        dest[1] = 0;
+        dest[2] = (unsigned char)(*src - 128);
+#elif defined(PA_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        dest[0] = (unsigned char)(*src - 128);
+        dest[1] = 0;
+        dest[2] = 0;
+#endif
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride * 3;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void UInt8_To_Int16(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    unsigned char *src = (unsigned char*)sourceBuffer;
+    PaInt16 *dest =  (PaInt16*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        (*dest) = (PaInt16)((*src - 128) << 8);
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void UInt8_To_Int8(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    unsigned char *src = (unsigned char*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed char  *dest = (signed char*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        (*dest) = (signed char)(*src - 128);
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Copy_8_To_8(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    unsigned char *src = (unsigned char*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest = (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        *dest = *src;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Copy_16_To_16(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    PaUint16 *src = (PaUint16 *)sourceBuffer;
+    PaUint16 *dest = (PaUint16 *)destinationBuffer;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        *dest = *src;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Copy_24_To_24(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    unsigned char *src = (unsigned char*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest = (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        dest[0] = src[0];
+        dest[1] = src[1];
+        dest[2] = src[2];
+
+        src += sourceStride * 3;
+        dest += destinationStride * 3;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Copy_32_To_32(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    PaUint32 *dest = (PaUint32 *)destinationBuffer;
+    PaUint32 *src = (PaUint32 *)sourceBuffer;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        *dest = *src;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+PaUtilConverterTable paConverters = {
+    Float32_To_Int32,              /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int32; */
+    Float32_To_Int32_Dither,       /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int32_Dither; */
+    Float32_To_Int32_Clip,         /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int32_Clip; */
+    Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip,   /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip; */
+
+    Float32_To_Int24,              /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int24; */
+    Float32_To_Int24_Dither,       /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int24_Dither; */
+    Float32_To_Int24_Clip,         /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int24_Clip; */
+    Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip,   /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip; */
+
+    Float32_To_Int16,              /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int16; */
+    Float32_To_Int16_Dither,       /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int16_Dither; */
+    Float32_To_Int16_Clip,         /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int16_Clip; */
+    Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip,   /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip; */
+
+    Float32_To_Int8,               /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int8; */
+    Float32_To_Int8_Dither,        /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int8_Dither; */
+    Float32_To_Int8_Clip,          /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int8_Clip; */
+    Float32_To_Int8_DitherClip,    /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int8_DitherClip; */
+
+    Float32_To_UInt8,              /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_UInt8; */
+    Float32_To_UInt8_Dither,       /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_UInt8_Dither; */
+    Float32_To_UInt8_Clip,         /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_UInt8_Clip; */
+    Float32_To_UInt8_DitherClip,   /* PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_UInt8_DitherClip; */
+
+    Int32_To_Float32,              /* PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Float32; */
+    Int32_To_Int24,                /* PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Int24; */
+    Int32_To_Int24_Dither,         /* PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Int24_Dither; */
+    Int32_To_Int16,                /* PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Int16; */
+    Int32_To_Int16_Dither,         /* PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Int16_Dither; */
+    Int32_To_Int8,                 /* PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Int8; */
+    Int32_To_Int8_Dither,          /* PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Int8_Dither; */
+    Int32_To_UInt8,                /* PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_UInt8; */
+    Int32_To_UInt8_Dither,         /* PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_UInt8_Dither; */
+
+    Int24_To_Float32,              /* PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_Float32; */
+    Int24_To_Int32,                /* PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_Int32; */
+    Int24_To_Int16,                /* PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_Int16; */
+    Int24_To_Int16_Dither,         /* PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_Int16_Dither; */
+    Int24_To_Int8,                 /* PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_Int8; */
+    Int24_To_Int8_Dither,          /* PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_Int8_Dither; */
+    Int24_To_UInt8,                /* PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_UInt8; */
+    Int24_To_UInt8_Dither,         /* PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_UInt8_Dither; */
+
+    Int16_To_Float32,              /* PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_Float32; */
+    Int16_To_Int32,                /* PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_Int32; */
+    Int16_To_Int24,                /* PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_Int24; */
+    Int16_To_Int8,                 /* PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_Int8; */
+    Int16_To_Int8_Dither,          /* PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_Int8_Dither; */
+    Int16_To_UInt8,                /* PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_UInt8; */
+    Int16_To_UInt8_Dither,         /* PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_UInt8_Dither; */
+
+    Int8_To_Float32,               /* PaUtilConverter *Int8_To_Float32; */
+    Int8_To_Int32,                 /* PaUtilConverter *Int8_To_Int32; */
+    Int8_To_Int24,                 /* PaUtilConverter *Int8_To_Int24 */
+    Int8_To_Int16,                 /* PaUtilConverter *Int8_To_Int16; */
+    Int8_To_UInt8,                 /* PaUtilConverter *Int8_To_UInt8; */
+
+    UInt8_To_Float32,              /* PaUtilConverter *UInt8_To_Float32; */
+    UInt8_To_Int32,                /* PaUtilConverter *UInt8_To_Int32; */
+    UInt8_To_Int24,                /* PaUtilConverter *UInt8_To_Int24; */
+    UInt8_To_Int16,                /* PaUtilConverter *UInt8_To_Int16; */
+    UInt8_To_Int8,                 /* PaUtilConverter *UInt8_To_Int8; */
+
+    Copy_8_To_8,                   /* PaUtilConverter *Copy_8_To_8; */
+    Copy_16_To_16,                 /* PaUtilConverter *Copy_16_To_16; */
+    Copy_24_To_24,                 /* PaUtilConverter *Copy_24_To_24; */
+    Copy_32_To_32                  /* PaUtilConverter *Copy_32_To_32; */
+};
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+#endif /* PA_NO_STANDARD_CONVERTERS */
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+PaUtilZeroer* PaUtil_SelectZeroer( PaSampleFormat destinationFormat )
+{
+    switch( destinationFormat & ~paNonInterleaved ){
+    case paFloat32:
+        return paZeroers.Zero32;
+    case paInt32:
+        return paZeroers.Zero32;
+    case paInt24:
+        return paZeroers.Zero24;
+    case paInt16:
+        return paZeroers.Zero16;
+    case paInt8:
+        return paZeroers.Zero8;
+    case paUInt8:
+        return paZeroers.ZeroU8;
+    default: return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+#ifdef PA_NO_STANDARD_ZEROERS
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+PaUtilZeroerTable paZeroers = {
+    0,  /* PaUtilZeroer *ZeroU8; */
+    0,  /* PaUtilZeroer *Zero8; */
+    0,  /* PaUtilZeroer *Zero16; */
+    0,  /* PaUtilZeroer *Zero24; */
+    0,  /* PaUtilZeroer *Zero32; */
+};
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+#else /* PA_NO_STANDARD_ZEROERS is not defined */
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void ZeroU8( void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+        unsigned int count )
+{
+    unsigned char *dest = (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        *dest = 128;
+
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Zero8( void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+        unsigned int count )
+{
+    unsigned char *dest = (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        *dest = 0;
+
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Zero16( void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+        unsigned int count )
+{
+    PaUint16 *dest = (PaUint16 *)destinationBuffer;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        *dest = 0;
+
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Zero24( void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+        unsigned int count )
+{
+    unsigned char *dest = (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        dest[0] = 0;
+        dest[1] = 0;
+        dest[2] = 0;
+
+        dest += destinationStride * 3;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Zero32( void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+        unsigned int count )
+{
+    PaUint32 *dest = (PaUint32 *)destinationBuffer;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        *dest = 0;
+
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+PaUtilZeroerTable paZeroers = {
+    ZeroU8,  /* PaUtilZeroer *ZeroU8; */
+    Zero8,  /* PaUtilZeroer *Zero8; */
+    Zero16,  /* PaUtilZeroer *Zero16; */
+    Zero24,  /* PaUtilZeroer *Zero24; */
+    Zero32,  /* PaUtilZeroer *Zero32; */
+};
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+#endif /* PA_NO_STANDARD_ZEROERS */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_converters.h b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_converters.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..96edf1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_converters.h
@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+#ifndef PA_CONVERTERS_H
+#define PA_CONVERTERS_H
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library sample conversion mechanism
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Phil Burk, Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+
+ @brief Conversion functions used to convert buffers of samples from one
+ format to another.
+*/
+
+
+#include "portaudio.h"  /* for PaSampleFormat */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator;
+
+
+/** Choose an available sample format which is most appropriate for
+ representing the requested format. If the requested format is not available
+ higher quality formats are considered before lower quality formats.
+ @param availableFormats A variable containing the logical OR of all available
+ formats.
+ @param format The desired format.
+ @return The most appropriate available format for representing the requested
+ format.
+*/
+PaSampleFormat PaUtil_SelectClosestAvailableFormat(
+        PaSampleFormat availableFormats, PaSampleFormat format );
+
+
+/* high level conversions functions for use by implementations */
+
+
+/** The generic sample converter prototype. Sample converters convert count
+    samples from sourceBuffer to destinationBuffer. The actual type of the data
+    pointed to by these parameters varys for different converter functions.
+    @param destinationBuffer A pointer to the first sample of the destination.
+    @param destinationStride An offset between successive destination samples
+    expressed in samples (not bytes.) It may be negative.
+    @param sourceBuffer A pointer to the first sample of the source.
+    @param sourceStride An offset between successive source samples
+    expressed in samples (not bytes.) It may be negative.
+    @param count The number of samples to convert.
+    @param ditherState State information used to calculate dither. Converters
+    that do not perform dithering will ignore this parameter, in which case
+    NULL or invalid dither state may be passed.
+*/
+typedef void PaUtilConverter(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator );
+
+
+/** Find a sample converter function for the given source and destinations
+    formats and flags (clip and dither.)
+    @return
+    A pointer to a PaUtilConverter which will perform the requested
+    conversion, or NULL if the given format conversion is not supported.
+    For conversions where clipping or dithering is not necessary, the
+    clip and dither flags are ignored and a non-clipping or dithering
+    version is returned.
+    If the source and destination formats are the same, a function which
+    copies data of the appropriate size will be returned.
+*/
+PaUtilConverter* PaUtil_SelectConverter( PaSampleFormat sourceFormat,
+        PaSampleFormat destinationFormat, PaStreamFlags flags );
+
+
+/** The generic buffer zeroer prototype. Buffer zeroers copy count zeros to
+    destinationBuffer. The actual type of the data pointed to varys for
+    different zeroer functions.
+    @param destinationBuffer A pointer to the first sample of the destination.
+    @param destinationStride An offset between successive destination samples
+    expressed in samples (not bytes.) It may be negative.
+    @param count The number of samples to zero.
+*/
+typedef void PaUtilZeroer(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride, unsigned int count );
+
+
+/** Find a buffer zeroer function for the given destination format.
+    @return
+    A pointer to a PaUtilZeroer which will perform the requested
+    zeroing.
+*/
+PaUtilZeroer* PaUtil_SelectZeroer( PaSampleFormat destinationFormat );
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* low level functions and data structures which may be used for
+    substituting conversion functions */
+
+
+/** The type used to store all sample conversion functions.
+    @see paConverters;
+*/
+typedef struct{
+    PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int32;
+    PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int32_Dither;
+    PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int32_Clip;
+    PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip;
+
+    PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int24;
+    PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int24_Dither;
+    PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int24_Clip;
+    PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip;
+
+    PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int16;
+    PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int16_Dither;
+    PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int16_Clip;
+    PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip;
+
+    PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int8;
+    PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int8_Dither;
+    PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int8_Clip;
+    PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_Int8_DitherClip;
+
+    PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_UInt8;
+    PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_UInt8_Dither;
+    PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_UInt8_Clip;
+    PaUtilConverter *Float32_To_UInt8_DitherClip;
+
+    PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Float32;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Int24;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Int24_Dither;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Int16;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Int16_Dither;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Int8;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_Int8_Dither;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_UInt8;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int32_To_UInt8_Dither;
+
+    PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_Float32;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_Int32;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_Int16;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_Int16_Dither;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_Int8;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_Int8_Dither;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_UInt8;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int24_To_UInt8_Dither;
+
+    PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_Float32;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_Int32;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_Int24;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_Int8;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_Int8_Dither;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_UInt8;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int16_To_UInt8_Dither;
+
+    PaUtilConverter *Int8_To_Float32;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int8_To_Int32;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int8_To_Int24;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int8_To_Int16;
+    PaUtilConverter *Int8_To_UInt8;
+
+    PaUtilConverter *UInt8_To_Float32;
+    PaUtilConverter *UInt8_To_Int32;
+    PaUtilConverter *UInt8_To_Int24;
+    PaUtilConverter *UInt8_To_Int16;
+    PaUtilConverter *UInt8_To_Int8;
+
+    PaUtilConverter *Copy_8_To_8;       /* copy without any conversion */
+    PaUtilConverter *Copy_16_To_16;     /* copy without any conversion */
+    PaUtilConverter *Copy_24_To_24;     /* copy without any conversion */
+    PaUtilConverter *Copy_32_To_32;     /* copy without any conversion */
+} PaUtilConverterTable;
+
+
+/** A table of pointers to all required converter functions.
+    PaUtil_SelectConverter() uses this table to lookup the appropriate
+    conversion functions. The fields of this structure are initialized
+    with default conversion functions. Fields may be NULL, indicating that
+    no conversion function is available. User code may substitute optimised
+    conversion functions by assigning different function pointers to
+    these fields.
+
+    @note
+    If the PA_NO_STANDARD_CONVERTERS preprocessor variable is defined,
+    PortAudio's standard converters will not be compiled, and all fields
+    of this structure will be initialized to NULL. In such cases, users
+    should supply their own conversion functions if the require PortAudio
+    to open a stream that requires sample conversion.
+
+    @see PaUtilConverterTable, PaUtilConverter, PaUtil_SelectConverter
+*/
+extern PaUtilConverterTable paConverters;
+
+
+/** The type used to store all buffer zeroing functions.
+    @see paZeroers;
+*/
+typedef struct{
+    PaUtilZeroer *ZeroU8; /* unsigned 8 bit, zero == 128 */
+    PaUtilZeroer *Zero8;
+    PaUtilZeroer *Zero16;
+    PaUtilZeroer *Zero24;
+    PaUtilZeroer *Zero32;
+} PaUtilZeroerTable;
+
+
+/** A table of pointers to all required zeroer functions.
+    PaUtil_SelectZeroer() uses this table to lookup the appropriate
+    conversion functions. The fields of this structure are initialized
+    with default conversion functions. User code may substitute optimised
+    conversion functions by assigning different function pointers to
+    these fields.
+
+    @note
+    If the PA_NO_STANDARD_ZEROERS preprocessor variable is defined,
+    PortAudio's standard zeroers will not be compiled, and all fields
+    of this structure will be initialized to NULL. In such cases, users
+    should supply their own zeroing functions for the sample sizes which
+    they intend to use.
+
+    @see PaUtilZeroerTable, PaUtilZeroer, PaUtil_SelectZeroer
+*/
+extern PaUtilZeroerTable paZeroers;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#endif /* PA_CONVERTERS_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_cpuload.c b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_cpuload.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de57db2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_cpuload.c
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library CPU Load measurement functions
+ * Portable CPU load measurement facility.
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 2002 Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+
+ @brief Functions to assist in measuring the CPU utilization of a callback
+ stream. Used to implement the Pa_GetStreamCpuLoad() function.
+
+ @todo Dynamically calculate the coefficients used to smooth the CPU Load
+ Measurements over time to provide a uniform characterisation of CPU Load
+ independent of rate at which PaUtil_BeginCpuLoadMeasurement /
+ PaUtil_EndCpuLoadMeasurement are called. see http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/113
+*/
+
+
+#include "pa_cpuload.h"
+
+#include <assert.h>
+
+#include "pa_util.h"   /* for PaUtil_GetTime() */
+
+
+void PaUtil_InitializeCpuLoadMeasurer( PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer* measurer, double sampleRate )
+{
+    assert( sampleRate > 0 );
+
+    measurer->samplingPeriod = 1. / sampleRate;
+    measurer->averageLoad = 0.;
+}
+
+void PaUtil_ResetCpuLoadMeasurer( PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer* measurer )
+{
+    measurer->averageLoad = 0.;
+}
+
+void PaUtil_BeginCpuLoadMeasurement( PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer* measurer )
+{
+    measurer->measurementStartTime = PaUtil_GetTime();
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_EndCpuLoadMeasurement( PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer* measurer, unsigned long framesProcessed )
+{
+    double measurementEndTime, secondsFor100Percent, measuredLoad;
+
+    if( framesProcessed > 0 ){
+        measurementEndTime = PaUtil_GetTime();
+
+        assert( framesProcessed > 0 );
+        secondsFor100Percent = framesProcessed * measurer->samplingPeriod;
+
+        measuredLoad = (measurementEndTime - measurer->measurementStartTime) / secondsFor100Percent;
+
+        /* Low pass filter the calculated CPU load to reduce jitter using a simple IIR low pass filter. */
+        /** FIXME @todo these coefficients shouldn't be hardwired see: http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/113 */
+#define LOWPASS_COEFFICIENT_0   (0.9)
+#define LOWPASS_COEFFICIENT_1   (0.99999 - LOWPASS_COEFFICIENT_0)
+
+        measurer->averageLoad = (LOWPASS_COEFFICIENT_0 * measurer->averageLoad) +
+                                (LOWPASS_COEFFICIENT_1 * measuredLoad);
+    }
+}
+
+
+double PaUtil_GetCpuLoad( PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer* measurer )
+{
+    return measurer->averageLoad;
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_cpuload.h b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_cpuload.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8d3f618
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_cpuload.h
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+#ifndef PA_CPULOAD_H
+#define PA_CPULOAD_H
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library CPU Load measurement functions
+ * Portable CPU load measurement facility.
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 2002 Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+
+ @brief Functions to assist in measuring the CPU utilization of a callback
+ stream. Used to implement the Pa_GetStreamCpuLoad() function.
+*/
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+typedef struct {
+    double samplingPeriod;
+    double measurementStartTime;
+    double averageLoad;
+} PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer; /**< @todo need better name than measurer */
+
+void PaUtil_InitializeCpuLoadMeasurer( PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer* measurer, double sampleRate );
+void PaUtil_BeginCpuLoadMeasurement( PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer* measurer );
+void PaUtil_EndCpuLoadMeasurement( PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer* measurer, unsigned long framesProcessed );
+void PaUtil_ResetCpuLoadMeasurer( PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer* measurer );
+double PaUtil_GetCpuLoad( PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer* measurer );
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#endif /* PA_CPULOAD_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_debugprint.c b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_debugprint.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e4024c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_debugprint.c
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+/*
+ * $Id: pa_log.c $
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library Multi-Host API front end
+ * Validate function parameters and manage multiple host APIs.
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+
+ @brief Implements log function.
+
+    PaUtil_SetLogPrintFunction can be user called to replace the provided
+    DefaultLogPrint function, which writes to stderr.
+    One can NOT pass var_args across compiler/dll boundaries as it is not
+    "byte code/abi portable". So the technique used here is to allocate a local
+    a static array, write in it, then callback the user with a pointer to its
+    start.
+*/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+
+#include "pa_debugprint.h"
+
+// for OutputDebugStringA
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(PA_ENABLE_MSVC_DEBUG_OUTPUT)
+    #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN // exclude rare headers
+    #include "windows.h"
+#endif
+
+// User callback
+static PaUtilLogCallback userCB = NULL;
+
+// Sets user callback
+void PaUtil_SetDebugPrintFunction(PaUtilLogCallback cb)
+{
+    userCB = cb;
+}
+
+/*
+ If your platform doesn't have vsnprintf, you are stuck with a
+ VERY dangerous alternative, vsprintf (with no n)
+*/
+#if _MSC_VER
+    /* Some Windows Mobile SDKs don't define vsnprintf but all define _vsnprintf (hopefully).
+       According to MSDN "vsnprintf is identical to _vsnprintf". So we use _vsnprintf with MSC.
+    */
+    #define VSNPRINTF  _vsnprintf
+#else
+    #define VSNPRINTF  vsnprintf
+#endif
+
+#define PA_LOG_BUF_SIZE 2048
+
+void PaUtil_DebugPrint( const char *format, ... )
+{
+    // Optional logging into Output console of Visual Studio
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(PA_ENABLE_MSVC_DEBUG_OUTPUT)
+    {
+        char buf[PA_LOG_BUF_SIZE];
+        va_list ap;
+        va_start(ap, format);
+        VSNPRINTF(buf, sizeof(buf), format, ap);
+        buf[sizeof(buf)-1] = 0;
+        OutputDebugStringA(buf);
+        va_end(ap);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    // Output to User-Callback
+    if (userCB != NULL)
+    {
+        char strdump[PA_LOG_BUF_SIZE];
+        va_list ap;
+        va_start(ap, format);
+        VSNPRINTF(strdump, sizeof(strdump), format, ap);
+        strdump[sizeof(strdump)-1] = 0;
+        userCB(strdump);
+        va_end(ap);
+    }
+    else
+    // Standard output to stderr
+    {
+        va_list ap;
+        va_start(ap, format);
+        vfprintf(stderr, format, ap);
+        va_end(ap);
+        fflush(stderr);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_debugprint.h b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_debugprint.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca81724
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_debugprint.h
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+#ifndef PA_LOG_H
+#define PA_LOG_H
+/*
+ * Log file redirector function
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+*/
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+
+void PaUtil_DebugPrint( const char *format, ... );
+
+
+/*
+    The basic format for log messages is described below. If you need to
+    add any log messages, please follow this format.
+
+    Function entry (void function):
+
+        "FunctionName called.\n"
+
+    Function entry (non void function):
+
+        "FunctionName called:\n"
+        "\tParam1Type param1: param1Value\n"
+        "\tParam2Type param2: param2Value\n"      (etc...)
+
+
+    Function exit (no return value):
+
+        "FunctionName returned.\n"
+
+    Function exit (simple return value):
+
+        "FunctionName returned:\n"
+        "\tReturnType: returnValue\n"
+
+    If the return type is an error code, the error text is displayed in ()
+
+    If the return type is not an error code, but has taken a special value
+    because an error occurred, then the reason for the error is shown in []
+
+    If the return type is a struct ptr, the struct is dumped.
+
+    See the code below for examples
+*/
+
+/** PA_DEBUG() provides a simple debug message printing facility. The macro
+ passes it's argument to a printf-like function called PaUtil_DebugPrint()
+ which prints to stderr and always flushes the stream after printing.
+ Because preprocessor macros cannot directly accept variable length argument
+ lists, calls to the macro must include an additional set of parenthesis, eg:
+ PA_DEBUG(("errorno: %d", 1001 ));
+*/
+
+
+#ifdef PA_ENABLE_DEBUG_OUTPUT
+#define PA_DEBUG(x) PaUtil_DebugPrint x ;
+#else
+#define PA_DEBUG(x)
+#endif
+
+
+#ifdef PA_LOG_API_CALLS
+#define PA_LOGAPI(x) PaUtil_DebugPrint x
+
+#define PA_LOGAPI_ENTER(functionName) PaUtil_DebugPrint( functionName " called.\n" )
+
+#define PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS(functionName) PaUtil_DebugPrint( functionName " called:\n" )
+
+#define PA_LOGAPI_EXIT(functionName) PaUtil_DebugPrint( functionName " returned.\n" )
+
+#define PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR( functionName, result ) \
+    PaUtil_DebugPrint( functionName " returned:\n" ); \
+    PaUtil_DebugPrint("\tPaError: %d ( %s )\n", result, Pa_GetErrorText( result ) )
+
+#define PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_T( functionName, resultFormatString, result ) \
+    PaUtil_DebugPrint( functionName " returned:\n" ); \
+    PaUtil_DebugPrint("\t" resultFormatString "\n", result )
+
+#define PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR_OR_T_RESULT( functionName, positiveResultFormatString, result ) \
+    PaUtil_DebugPrint( functionName " returned:\n" ); \
+    if( result > 0 ) \
+        PaUtil_DebugPrint("\t" positiveResultFormatString "\n", result ); \
+    else \
+        PaUtil_DebugPrint("\tPaError: %d ( %s )\n", result, Pa_GetErrorText( result ) )
+#else
+#define PA_LOGAPI(x)
+#define PA_LOGAPI_ENTER(functionName)
+#define PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS(functionName)
+#define PA_LOGAPI_EXIT(functionName)
+#define PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR( functionName, result )
+#define PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_T( functionName, resultFormatString, result )
+#define PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR_OR_T_RESULT( functionName, positiveResultFormatString, result )
+#endif
+
+
+typedef void (*PaUtilLogCallback ) (const char *log);
+
+/**
+    Install user provided log function
+*/
+void PaUtil_SetDebugPrintFunction(PaUtilLogCallback  cb);
+
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#endif /* PA_LOG_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_dither.c b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_dither.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d1666a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_dither.c
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library triangular dither generator
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Phil Burk, Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+
+ @brief Functions for generating dither noise
+*/
+
+#include "pa_types.h"
+#include "pa_dither.h"
+
+
+/* Note that the linear congruential algorithm requires 32 bit integers
+ * because it uses arithmetic overflow. So use PaUint32 instead of
+ * unsigned long so it will work on 64 bit systems.
+ */
+
+#define PA_DITHER_BITS_   (15)
+
+
+void PaUtil_InitializeTriangularDitherState( PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *state )
+{
+    state->previous = 0;
+    state->randSeed1 = 22222;
+    state->randSeed2 = 5555555;
+}
+
+
+PaInt32 PaUtil_Generate16BitTriangularDither( PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *state )
+{
+    PaInt32 current, highPass;
+
+    /* Generate two random numbers. */
+    state->randSeed1 = (state->randSeed1 * 196314165) + 907633515;
+    state->randSeed2 = (state->randSeed2 * 196314165) + 907633515;
+
+    /* Generate triangular distribution about 0.
+     * Shift before adding to prevent overflow which would skew the distribution.
+     * Also shift an extra bit for the high pass filter.
+     */
+#define DITHER_SHIFT_  ((sizeof(PaInt32)*8 - PA_DITHER_BITS_) + 1)
+
+    current = (((PaInt32)state->randSeed1)>>DITHER_SHIFT_) +
+              (((PaInt32)state->randSeed2)>>DITHER_SHIFT_);
+
+    /* High pass filter to reduce audibility. */
+    highPass = current - state->previous;
+    state->previous = current;
+    return highPass;
+}
+
+
+/* Multiply by PA_FLOAT_DITHER_SCALE_ to get a float between -2.0 and +1.99999 */
+#define PA_FLOAT_DITHER_SCALE_  (1.0f / ((1<<PA_DITHER_BITS_)-1))
+static const float const_float_dither_scale_ = PA_FLOAT_DITHER_SCALE_;
+
+float PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *state )
+{
+    PaInt32 current, highPass;
+
+    /* Generate two random numbers. */
+    state->randSeed1 = (state->randSeed1 * 196314165) + 907633515;
+    state->randSeed2 = (state->randSeed2 * 196314165) + 907633515;
+
+    /* Generate triangular distribution about 0.
+     * Shift before adding to prevent overflow which would skew the distribution.
+     * Also shift an extra bit for the high pass filter.
+     */
+    current = (((PaInt32)state->randSeed1)>>DITHER_SHIFT_) +
+              (((PaInt32)state->randSeed2)>>DITHER_SHIFT_);
+
+    /* High pass filter to reduce audibility. */
+    highPass = current - state->previous;
+    state->previous = current;
+    return ((float)highPass) * const_float_dither_scale_;
+}
+
+
+/*
+The following alternate dither algorithms (from musicdsp.org) could be
+considered
+*/
+
+/*Noise shaped dither  (March 2000)
+-------------------
+
+This is a simple implementation of highpass triangular-PDF dither with
+2nd-order noise shaping, for use when truncating floating point audio
+data to fixed point.
+
+The noise shaping lowers the noise floor by 11dB below 5kHz (@ 44100Hz
+sample rate) compared to triangular-PDF dither. The code below assumes
+input data is in the range +1 to -1 and doesn't check for overloads!
+
+To save time when generating dither for multiple channels you can do
+things like this:  r3=(r1 & 0x7F)<<8; instead of calling rand() again.
+
+
+
+  int   r1, r2;                //rectangular-PDF random numbers
+  float s1, s2;                //error feedback buffers
+  float s = 0.5f;              //set to 0.0f for no noise shaping
+  float w = pow(2.0,bits-1);   //word length (usually bits=16)
+  float wi= 1.0f/w;
+  float d = wi / RAND_MAX;     //dither amplitude (2 lsb)
+  float o = wi * 0.5f;         //remove dc offset
+  float in, tmp;
+  int   out;
+
+
+//for each sample...
+
+  r2=r1;                               //can make HP-TRI dither by
+  r1=rand();                           //subtracting previous rand()
+
+  in += s * (s1 + s1 - s2);            //error feedback
+  tmp = in + o + d * (float)(r1 - r2); //dc offset and dither
+
+  out = (int)(w * tmp);                //truncate downwards
+  if(tmp<0.0f) out--;                  //this is faster than floor()
+
+  s2 = s1;
+  s1 = in - wi * (float)out;           //error
+
+
+
+--
+paul.kellett@maxim.abel.co.uk
+http://www.maxim.abel.co.uk
+*/
+
+
+/*
+16-to-8-bit first-order dither
+
+Type : First order error feedforward dithering code
+References : Posted by Jon Watte
+
+Notes :
+This is about as simple a dithering algorithm as you can implement, but it's
+likely to sound better than just truncating to N bits.
+
+Note that you might not want to carry forward the full difference for infinity.
+It's probably likely that the worst performance hit comes from the saturation
+conditionals, which can be avoided with appropriate instructions on many DSPs
+and integer SIMD type instructions, or CMOV.
+
+Last, if sound quality is paramount (such as when going from > 16 bits to 16
+bits) you probably want to use a higher-order dither function found elsewhere
+on this site.
+
+
+Code :
+// This code will down-convert and dither a 16-bit signed short
+// mono signal into an 8-bit unsigned char signal, using a first
+// order forward-feeding error term dither.
+
+#define uchar unsigned char
+
+void dither_one_channel_16_to_8( short * input, uchar * output, int count, int * memory )
+{
+  int m = *memory;
+  while( count-- > 0 ) {
+    int i = *input++;
+    i += m;
+    int j = i + 32768 - 128;
+    uchar o;
+    if( j < 0 ) {
+      o = 0;
+    }
+    else if( j > 65535 ) {
+      o = 255;
+    }
+    else {
+      o = (uchar)((j>>8)&0xff);
+    }
+    m = ((j-32768+128)-i);
+    *output++ = o;
+  }
+  *memory = m;
+}
+*/
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_dither.h b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_dither.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4f81123
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_dither.h
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+#ifndef PA_DITHER_H
+#define PA_DITHER_H
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library triangular dither generator
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Phil Burk, Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+
+ @brief Functions for generating dither noise
+*/
+
+#include "pa_types.h"
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+/* Note that the linear congruential algorithm requires 32 bit integers
+ * because it uses arithmetic overflow. So use PaUint32 instead of
+ * unsigned long so it will work on 64 bit systems.
+ */
+
+/** @brief State needed to generate a dither signal */
+typedef struct PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator{
+    PaUint32 previous;
+    PaUint32 randSeed1;
+    PaUint32 randSeed2;
+} PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator;
+
+
+/** @brief Initialize dither state */
+void PaUtil_InitializeTriangularDitherState( PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherState );
+
+
+/**
+ @brief Calculate 2 LSB dither signal with a triangular distribution.
+ Ranged for adding to a 1 bit right-shifted 32 bit integer
+ prior to >>15. eg:
+<pre>
+    signed long in = *
+    signed long dither = PaUtil_Generate16BitTriangularDither( ditherState );
+    signed short out = (signed short)(((in>>1) + dither) >> 15);
+</pre>
+ @return
+ A signed 32-bit integer with a range of +32767 to -32768
+*/
+PaInt32 PaUtil_Generate16BitTriangularDither( PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherState );
+
+
+/**
+ @brief Calculate 2 LSB dither signal with a triangular distribution.
+ Ranged for adding to a pre-scaled float.
+<pre>
+    float in = *
+    float dither = PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( ditherState );
+    // use smaller scaler to prevent overflow when we add the dither
+    signed short out = (signed short)(in*(32766.0f) + dither );
+</pre>
+ @return
+ A float with a range of -2.0 to +1.99999.
+*/
+float PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherState );
+
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#endif /* PA_DITHER_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_endianness.h b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_endianness.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e074836
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_endianness.h
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+#ifndef PA_ENDIANNESS_H
+#define PA_ENDIANNESS_H
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library current platform endianness macros
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Phil Burk, Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+
+ @brief Configure endianness symbols for the target processor.
+
+ Arrange for either the PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN or PA_BIG_ENDIAN preprocessor symbols
+ to be defined. The one that is defined reflects the endianness of the target
+ platform and may be used to implement conditional compilation of byte-order
+ dependent code.
+
+ If either PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN or PA_BIG_ENDIAN is defined already, then no attempt
+ is made to override that setting. This may be useful if you have a better way
+ of determining the platform's endianness. The autoconf mechanism uses this for
+ example.
+
+ A PA_VALIDATE_ENDIANNESS macro is provided to compare the compile time
+ and runtime endianness and raise an assertion if they don't match.
+*/
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+/* If this is an apple, we need to do detect endianness this way */
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+    /* we need to do some endian detection that is sensitive to hardware arch */
+    #if defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN__)
+        #if !defined( PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN )
+            #define PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+        #endif
+        #if defined( PA_BIG_ENDIAN )
+            #undef PA_BIG_ENDIAN
+        #endif
+    #else
+        #if !defined( PA_BIG_ENDIAN )
+            #define PA_BIG_ENDIAN
+        #endif
+        #if defined( PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN )
+            #undef PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+        #endif
+    #endif
+#else
+    /* this is not an apple, so first check the existing defines, and, failing that,
+       detect well-known architectures. */
+
+    #if defined(PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN) || defined(PA_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        /* endianness define has been set externally, such as by autoconf */
+
+        #if defined(PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN) && defined(PA_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        #error both PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN and PA_BIG_ENDIAN have been defined externally to pa_endianness.h - only one endianness at a time please
+        #endif
+
+    #else
+        /* endianness define has not been set externally */
+
+        /* set PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN or PA_BIG_ENDIAN by testing well known platform specific defines */
+
+        #if defined(WIN32) || defined(_WIN32) || defined(__WIN32__) || defined(__NT__) || defined(LITTLE_ENDIAN) || defined(__i386) || defined(_M_IX86) || defined(__x86_64__)
+            #define PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN /* win32, assume intel byte order */
+        #else
+            #define PA_BIG_ENDIAN
+        #endif
+    #endif
+
+    #if !defined(PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN) && !defined(PA_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        /*
+         If the following error is raised, you either need to modify the code above
+         to automatically determine the endianness from other symbols defined on your
+         platform, or define either PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN or PA_BIG_ENDIAN externally.
+        */
+        #error pa_endianness.h was unable to automatically determine the endianness of the target platform
+    #endif
+
+#endif
+
+
+/* PA_VALIDATE_ENDIANNESS compares the compile time and runtime endianness,
+ and raises an assertion if they don't match. <assert.h> must be included in
+ the context in which this macro is used.
+*/
+#if defined(NDEBUG)
+    #define PA_VALIDATE_ENDIANNESS
+#else
+    #if defined(PA_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+        #define PA_VALIDATE_ENDIANNESS \
+        { \
+            const long nativeOne = 1; \
+            assert( "PortAudio: compile time and runtime endianness don't match" && (((char *)&nativeOne)[0]) == 1 ); \
+        }
+    #elif defined(PA_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        #define PA_VALIDATE_ENDIANNESS \
+        { \
+            const long nativeOne = 1; \
+            assert( "PortAudio: compile time and runtime endianness don't match" && (((char *)&nativeOne)[0]) == 0 ); \
+        }
+    #endif
+#endif
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#endif /* PA_ENDIANNESS_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_front.c b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_front.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8da873a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_front.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1807 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library Multi-Host API front end
+ * Validate function parameters and manage multiple host APIs.
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2008 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+
+ @brief Implements PortAudio API functions defined in portaudio.h, checks
+ some errors, delegates platform-specific behavior to host API implementations.
+
+ Implements the functions defined in the PortAudio API (portaudio.h),
+ validates some parameters and checks for state inconsistencies before
+ forwarding API requests to specific Host API implementations (via the
+ interface declared in pa_hostapi.h), and Streams (via the interface
+ declared in pa_stream.h).
+
+ This file manages initialization and termination of Host API
+ implementations via initializer functions stored in the paHostApiInitializers
+ global array (usually defined in an os-specific pa_[os]_hostapis.c file).
+
+ This file maintains a list of all open streams and closes them at Pa_Terminate().
+
+ Some utility functions declared in pa_util.h are implemented in this file.
+
+ All PortAudio API functions can be conditionally compiled with logging code.
+ To compile with logging, define the PA_LOG_API_CALLS precompiler symbol.
+*/
+
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <memory.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h> /* needed for strtol() */
+#include <assert.h> /* needed by PA_VALIDATE_ENDIANNESS */
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_util.h"
+#include "pa_endianness.h"
+#include "pa_types.h"
+#include "pa_hostapi.h"
+#include "pa_stream.h"
+#include "pa_trace.h" /* still useful?*/
+#include "pa_debugprint.h"
+
+#ifndef PA_GIT_REVISION
+#include "pa_gitrevision.h"
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * This is incremented if we make incompatible API changes.
+ * This version scheme is based loosely on http://semver.org/
+ */
+#define paVersionMajor     19
+
+/**
+ * This is incremented when we add functionality in a backwards-compatible manner.
+ * Or it is set to zero when paVersionMajor is incremented.
+ */
+#define paVersionMinor      7
+
+/**
+ * This is incremented when we make backwards-compatible bug fixes.
+ * Or it is set to zero when paVersionMinor changes.
+ */
+#define paVersionSubMinor   0
+
+/**
+ * This is a combination of paVersionMajor, paVersionMinor and paVersionSubMinor.
+ * It will always increase so that version numbers can be compared as integers to
+ * see which is later.
+ */
+#define paVersion  paMakeVersionNumber(paVersionMajor, paVersionMinor, paVersionSubMinor)
+
+#define PA_VERSION_STRING_ PA_STRINGIZE(paVersionMajor) "." PA_STRINGIZE(paVersionMinor) "." PA_STRINGIZE(paVersionSubMinor)
+#define PA_VERSION_TEXT_   "PortAudio V" PA_VERSION_STRING_ "-devel, revision " PA_STRINGIZE(PA_GIT_REVISION)
+
+int Pa_GetVersion( void )
+{
+    return paVersion;
+}
+
+const char* Pa_GetVersionText( void )
+{
+    return PA_VERSION_TEXT_;
+}
+
+static PaVersionInfo versionInfo_ = {
+    /*.versionMajor =*/ paVersionMajor,
+    /*.versionMinor =*/ paVersionMinor,
+    /*.versionSubMinor =*/ paVersionSubMinor,
+    /*.versionControlRevision =*/ PA_STRINGIZE(PA_GIT_REVISION),
+    /*.versionText =*/ PA_VERSION_TEXT_
+};
+
+const PaVersionInfo* Pa_GetVersionInfo( void )
+{
+    return &versionInfo_;
+}
+
+#define PA_LAST_HOST_ERROR_TEXT_LENGTH_  1024
+
+static char lastHostErrorText_[ PA_LAST_HOST_ERROR_TEXT_LENGTH_ + 1 ] = {0};
+
+static PaHostErrorInfo lastHostErrorInfo_ = { (PaHostApiTypeId)-1, 0, lastHostErrorText_ };
+
+
+void PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType, long errorCode,
+        const char *errorText )
+{
+    lastHostErrorInfo_.hostApiType = hostApiType;
+    lastHostErrorInfo_.errorCode = errorCode;
+
+    strncpy( lastHostErrorText_, errorText, PA_LAST_HOST_ERROR_TEXT_LENGTH_ );
+}
+
+
+
+static PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApis_ = 0;
+static int hostApisCount_ = 0;
+static int defaultHostApiIndex_ = 0;
+static int initializationCount_ = 0;
+static int deviceCount_ = 0;
+
+PaUtilStreamRepresentation *firstOpenStream_ = NULL;
+
+
+#define PA_IS_INITIALISED_ (initializationCount_ != 0)
+
+
+static int CountHostApiInitializers( void )
+{
+    int result = 0;
+
+    while( paHostApiInitializers[ result ] != 0 )
+        ++result;
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+static void TerminateHostApis( void )
+{
+    /* terminate in reverse order from initialization */
+    PA_DEBUG(("TerminateHostApis in \n"));
+
+    while( hostApisCount_ > 0 )
+    {
+        --hostApisCount_;
+        hostApis_[hostApisCount_]->Terminate( hostApis_[hostApisCount_] );
+    }
+    hostApisCount_ = 0;
+    defaultHostApiIndex_ = 0;
+    deviceCount_ = 0;
+
+    if( hostApis_ != 0 )
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( hostApis_ );
+    hostApis_ = 0;
+
+    PA_DEBUG(("TerminateHostApis out\n"));
+}
+
+
+static PaError InitializeHostApis( void )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    int i, initializerCount, baseDeviceIndex;
+
+    initializerCount = CountHostApiInitializers();
+
+    hostApis_ = (PaUtilHostApiRepresentation**)PaUtil_AllocateMemory(
+            sizeof(PaUtilHostApiRepresentation*) * initializerCount );
+    if( !hostApis_ )
+    {
+        result = paInsufficientMemory;
+        goto error;
+    }
+
+    hostApisCount_ = 0;
+    defaultHostApiIndex_ = -1; /* indicates that we haven't determined the default host API yet */
+    deviceCount_ = 0;
+    baseDeviceIndex = 0;
+
+    for( i=0; i< initializerCount; ++i )
+    {
+        hostApis_[hostApisCount_] = NULL;
+
+        PA_DEBUG(( "before paHostApiInitializers[%d].\n",i));
+
+        result = paHostApiInitializers[i]( &hostApis_[hostApisCount_], hostApisCount_ );
+        if( result != paNoError )
+            goto error;
+
+        PA_DEBUG(( "after paHostApiInitializers[%d].\n",i));
+
+        if( hostApis_[hostApisCount_] )
+        {
+            PaUtilHostApiRepresentation* hostApi = hostApis_[hostApisCount_];
+            assert( hostApi->info.defaultInputDevice < hostApi->info.deviceCount );
+            assert( hostApi->info.defaultOutputDevice < hostApi->info.deviceCount );
+
+            /* the first successfully initialized host API with a default input *or*
+               output device is used as the default host API.
+            */
+            if( (defaultHostApiIndex_ == -1) &&
+                    ( hostApi->info.defaultInputDevice != paNoDevice
+                        || hostApi->info.defaultOutputDevice != paNoDevice ) )
+            {
+                defaultHostApiIndex_ = hostApisCount_;
+            }
+
+            hostApi->privatePaFrontInfo.baseDeviceIndex = baseDeviceIndex;
+
+            if( hostApi->info.defaultInputDevice != paNoDevice )
+                hostApi->info.defaultInputDevice += baseDeviceIndex;
+
+            if( hostApi->info.defaultOutputDevice != paNoDevice )
+                hostApi->info.defaultOutputDevice += baseDeviceIndex;
+
+            baseDeviceIndex += hostApi->info.deviceCount;
+            deviceCount_ += hostApi->info.deviceCount;
+
+            ++hostApisCount_;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* if no host APIs have devices, the default host API is the first initialized host API */
+    if( defaultHostApiIndex_ == -1 )
+        defaultHostApiIndex_ = 0;
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    TerminateHostApis();
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/*
+    FindHostApi() finds the index of the host api to which
+    <device> belongs and returns it. if <hostSpecificDeviceIndex> is
+    non-null, the host specific device index is returned in it.
+    returns -1 if <device> is out of range.
+
+*/
+static int FindHostApi( PaDeviceIndex device, int *hostSpecificDeviceIndex )
+{
+    int i=0;
+
+    if( !PA_IS_INITIALISED_ )
+        return -1;
+
+    if( device < 0 )
+        return -1;
+
+    while( i < hostApisCount_
+            && device >= hostApis_[i]->info.deviceCount )
+    {
+
+        device -= hostApis_[i]->info.deviceCount;
+        ++i;
+    }
+
+    if( i >= hostApisCount_ )
+        return -1;
+
+    if( hostSpecificDeviceIndex )
+        *hostSpecificDeviceIndex = device;
+
+    return i;
+}
+
+
+static void AddOpenStream( PaStream* stream )
+{
+    ((PaUtilStreamRepresentation*)stream)->nextOpenStream = firstOpenStream_;
+    firstOpenStream_ = (PaUtilStreamRepresentation*)stream;
+}
+
+
+static void RemoveOpenStream( PaStream* stream )
+{
+    PaUtilStreamRepresentation *previous = NULL;
+    PaUtilStreamRepresentation *current = firstOpenStream_;
+
+    while( current != NULL )
+    {
+        if( ((PaStream*)current) == stream )
+        {
+            if( previous == NULL )
+            {
+                firstOpenStream_ = current->nextOpenStream;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                previous->nextOpenStream = current->nextOpenStream;
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            previous = current;
+            current = current->nextOpenStream;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void CloseOpenStreams( void )
+{
+    /* we call Pa_CloseStream() here to ensure that the same destruction
+        logic is used for automatically closed streams */
+
+    while( firstOpenStream_ != NULL )
+        Pa_CloseStream( firstOpenStream_ );
+}
+
+
+PaError Pa_Initialize( void )
+{
+    PaError result;
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER( "Pa_Initialize" );
+
+    if( PA_IS_INITIALISED_ )
+    {
+        ++initializationCount_;
+        result = paNoError;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        PA_VALIDATE_TYPE_SIZES;
+        PA_VALIDATE_ENDIANNESS;
+
+        PaUtil_InitializeClock();
+        PaUtil_ResetTraceMessages();
+
+        result = InitializeHostApis();
+        if( result == paNoError )
+            ++initializationCount_;
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR( "Pa_Initialize", result );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError Pa_Terminate( void )
+{
+    PaError result;
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER( "Pa_Terminate" );
+
+    if( PA_IS_INITIALISED_ )
+    {
+        // leave initializationCount_>0 so that Pa_CloseStream() can execute
+        if( initializationCount_ == 1 )
+        {
+            CloseOpenStreams();
+
+            TerminateHostApis();
+
+            PaUtil_DumpTraceMessages();
+        }
+        --initializationCount_;
+        result = paNoError;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result=  paNotInitialized;
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR( "Pa_Terminate", result );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+const PaHostErrorInfo* Pa_GetLastHostErrorInfo( void )
+{
+    return &lastHostErrorInfo_;
+}
+
+
+const char *Pa_GetErrorText( PaError errorCode )
+{
+    const char *result;
+
+    switch( errorCode )
+    {
+    case paNoError:                  result = "Success"; break;
+    case paNotInitialized:           result = "PortAudio not initialized"; break;
+    /** @todo could catenate the last host error text to result in the case of paUnanticipatedHostError. see: http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/114 */
+    case paUnanticipatedHostError:   result = "Unanticipated host error"; break;
+    case paInvalidChannelCount:      result = "Invalid number of channels"; break;
+    case paInvalidSampleRate:        result = "Invalid sample rate"; break;
+    case paInvalidDevice:            result = "Invalid device"; break;
+    case paInvalidFlag:              result = "Invalid flag"; break;
+    case paSampleFormatNotSupported: result = "Sample format not supported"; break;
+    case paBadIODeviceCombination:   result = "Illegal combination of I/O devices"; break;
+    case paInsufficientMemory:       result = "Insufficient memory"; break;
+    case paBufferTooBig:             result = "Buffer too big"; break;
+    case paBufferTooSmall:           result = "Buffer too small"; break;
+    case paNullCallback:             result = "No callback routine specified"; break;
+    case paBadStreamPtr:             result = "Invalid stream pointer"; break;
+    case paTimedOut:                 result = "Wait timed out"; break;
+    case paInternalError:            result = "Internal PortAudio error"; break;
+    case paDeviceUnavailable:        result = "Device unavailable"; break;
+    case paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo:   result = "Incompatible host API specific stream info"; break;
+    case paStreamIsStopped:          result = "Stream is stopped"; break;
+    case paStreamIsNotStopped:       result = "Stream is not stopped"; break;
+    case paInputOverflowed:          result = "Input overflowed"; break;
+    case paOutputUnderflowed:        result = "Output underflowed"; break;
+    case paHostApiNotFound:          result = "Host API not found"; break;
+    case paInvalidHostApi:           result = "Invalid host API"; break;
+    case paCanNotReadFromACallbackStream:       result = "Can't read from a callback stream"; break;
+    case paCanNotWriteToACallbackStream:        result = "Can't write to a callback stream"; break;
+    case paCanNotReadFromAnOutputOnlyStream:    result = "Can't read from an output only stream"; break;
+    case paCanNotWriteToAnInputOnlyStream:      result = "Can't write to an input only stream"; break;
+    case paIncompatibleStreamHostApi: result = "Incompatible stream host API"; break;
+    case paBadBufferPtr:             result = "Bad buffer pointer"; break;
+    default:
+        if( errorCode > 0 )
+            result = "Invalid error code (value greater than zero)";
+        else
+            result = "Invalid error code";
+        break;
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaHostApiIndex Pa_HostApiTypeIdToHostApiIndex( PaHostApiTypeId type )
+{
+    PaHostApiIndex result;
+    int i;
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_HostApiTypeIdToHostApiIndex" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaHostApiTypeId type: %d\n", type ));
+
+    if( !PA_IS_INITIALISED_ )
+    {
+        result = paNotInitialized;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = paHostApiNotFound;
+
+        for( i=0; i < hostApisCount_; ++i )
+        {
+            if( hostApis_[i]->info.type == type )
+            {
+                result = i;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR_OR_T_RESULT( "Pa_HostApiTypeIdToHostApiIndex", "PaHostApiIndex: %d", result );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi,
+        PaHostApiTypeId type )
+{
+    PaError result;
+    int i;
+
+    if( !PA_IS_INITIALISED_ )
+    {
+        result = paNotInitialized;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = paHostApiNotFound;
+
+        for( i=0; i < hostApisCount_; ++i )
+        {
+            if( hostApis_[i]->info.type == type )
+            {
+                *hostApi = hostApis_[i];
+                result = paNoError;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError PaUtil_DeviceIndexToHostApiDeviceIndex(
+        PaDeviceIndex *hostApiDevice, PaDeviceIndex device, struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi )
+{
+    PaError result;
+    PaDeviceIndex x;
+
+    x = device - hostApi->privatePaFrontInfo.baseDeviceIndex;
+
+    if( x < 0 || x >= hostApi->info.deviceCount )
+    {
+        result = paInvalidDevice;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        *hostApiDevice = x;
+        result = paNoError;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaHostApiIndex Pa_GetHostApiCount( void )
+{
+    int result;
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER( "Pa_GetHostApiCount" );
+
+    if( !PA_IS_INITIALISED_ )
+    {
+        result = paNotInitialized;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = hostApisCount_;
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR_OR_T_RESULT( "Pa_GetHostApiCount", "PaHostApiIndex: %d", result );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaHostApiIndex Pa_GetDefaultHostApi( void )
+{
+    int result;
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER( "Pa_GetDefaultHostApi" );
+
+    if( !PA_IS_INITIALISED_ )
+    {
+        result = paNotInitialized;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = defaultHostApiIndex_;
+
+        /* internal consistency check: make sure that the default host api
+         index is within range */
+
+        if( result < 0 || result >= hostApisCount_ )
+        {
+            result = paInternalError;
+        }
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR_OR_T_RESULT( "Pa_GetDefaultHostApi", "PaHostApiIndex: %d", result );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+const PaHostApiInfo* Pa_GetHostApiInfo( PaHostApiIndex hostApi )
+{
+    PaHostApiInfo *info;
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_GetHostApiInfo" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaHostApiIndex hostApi: %d\n", hostApi ));
+
+    if( !PA_IS_INITIALISED_ )
+    {
+        info = NULL;
+
+        PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_GetHostApiInfo returned:\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaHostApiInfo*: NULL [ PortAudio not initialized ]\n" ));
+
+    }
+    else if( hostApi < 0 || hostApi >= hostApisCount_ )
+    {
+        info = NULL;
+
+        PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_GetHostApiInfo returned:\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaHostApiInfo*: NULL [ hostApi out of range ]\n" ));
+
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        info = &hostApis_[hostApi]->info;
+
+        PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_GetHostApiInfo returned:\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaHostApiInfo*: 0x%p\n", info ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t{\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t\tint structVersion: %d\n", info->structVersion ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t\tPaHostApiTypeId type: %d\n", info->type ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t\tconst char *name: %s\n", info->name ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t}\n" ));
+
+    }
+
+    return info;
+}
+
+
+PaDeviceIndex Pa_HostApiDeviceIndexToDeviceIndex( PaHostApiIndex hostApi, int hostApiDeviceIndex )
+{
+    PaDeviceIndex result;
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_HostApiDeviceIndexToPaDeviceIndex" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaHostApiIndex hostApi: %d\n", hostApi ));
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tint hostApiDeviceIndex: %d\n", hostApiDeviceIndex ));
+
+    if( !PA_IS_INITIALISED_ )
+    {
+        result = paNotInitialized;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if( hostApi < 0 || hostApi >= hostApisCount_ )
+        {
+            result = paInvalidHostApi;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if( hostApiDeviceIndex < 0 ||
+                    hostApiDeviceIndex >= hostApis_[hostApi]->info.deviceCount )
+            {
+                result = paInvalidDevice;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                result = hostApis_[hostApi]->privatePaFrontInfo.baseDeviceIndex + hostApiDeviceIndex;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR_OR_T_RESULT( "Pa_HostApiDeviceIndexToPaDeviceIndex", "PaDeviceIndex: %d", result );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaDeviceIndex Pa_GetDeviceCount( void )
+{
+    PaDeviceIndex result;
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER( "Pa_GetDeviceCount" );
+
+    if( !PA_IS_INITIALISED_ )
+    {
+        result = paNotInitialized;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = deviceCount_;
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR_OR_T_RESULT( "Pa_GetDeviceCount", "PaDeviceIndex: %d", result );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaDeviceIndex Pa_GetDefaultInputDevice( void )
+{
+    PaHostApiIndex hostApi;
+    PaDeviceIndex result;
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER( "Pa_GetDefaultInputDevice" );
+
+    hostApi = Pa_GetDefaultHostApi();
+    if( hostApi < 0 )
+    {
+        result = paNoDevice;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = hostApis_[hostApi]->info.defaultInputDevice;
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_T( "Pa_GetDefaultInputDevice", "PaDeviceIndex: %d", result );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaDeviceIndex Pa_GetDefaultOutputDevice( void )
+{
+    PaHostApiIndex hostApi;
+    PaDeviceIndex result;
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER( "Pa_GetDefaultOutputDevice" );
+
+    hostApi = Pa_GetDefaultHostApi();
+    if( hostApi < 0 )
+    {
+        result = paNoDevice;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = hostApis_[hostApi]->info.defaultOutputDevice;
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_T( "Pa_GetDefaultOutputDevice", "PaDeviceIndex: %d", result );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+const PaDeviceInfo* Pa_GetDeviceInfo( PaDeviceIndex device )
+{
+    int hostSpecificDeviceIndex;
+    int hostApiIndex = FindHostApi( device, &hostSpecificDeviceIndex );
+    PaDeviceInfo *result;
+
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_GetDeviceInfo" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaDeviceIndex device: %d\n", device ));
+
+    if( hostApiIndex < 0 )
+    {
+        result = NULL;
+
+        PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_GetDeviceInfo returned:\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaDeviceInfo* NULL [ invalid device index ]\n" ));
+
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = hostApis_[hostApiIndex]->deviceInfos[ hostSpecificDeviceIndex ];
+
+        PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_GetDeviceInfo returned:\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaDeviceInfo*: 0x%p:\n", result ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t{\n" ));
+
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t\tint structVersion: %d\n", result->structVersion ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t\tconst char *name: %s\n", result->name ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t\tPaHostApiIndex hostApi: %d\n", result->hostApi ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t\tint maxInputChannels: %d\n", result->maxInputChannels ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t\tint maxOutputChannels: %d\n", result->maxOutputChannels ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t}\n" ));
+
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/*
+    SampleFormatIsValid() returns 1 if sampleFormat is a sample format
+    defined in portaudio.h, or 0 otherwise.
+*/
+static int SampleFormatIsValid( PaSampleFormat format )
+{
+    switch( format & ~paNonInterleaved )
+    {
+    case paFloat32: return 1;
+    case paInt16: return 1;
+    case paInt32: return 1;
+    case paInt24: return 1;
+    case paInt8: return 1;
+    case paUInt8: return 1;
+    case paCustomFormat: return 1;
+    default: return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+    NOTE: make sure this validation list is kept synchronised with the one in
+            pa_hostapi.h
+
+    ValidateOpenStreamParameters() checks that parameters to Pa_OpenStream()
+    conform to the expected values as described below. This function is
+    also designed to be used with the proposed Pa_IsFormatSupported() function.
+
+    There are basically two types of validation that could be performed:
+    Generic conformance validation, and device capability mismatch
+    validation. This function performs only generic conformance validation.
+    Validation that would require knowledge of device capabilities is
+    not performed because of potentially complex relationships between
+    combinations of parameters - for example, even if the sampleRate
+    seems ok, it might not be for a duplex stream - we have no way of
+    checking this in an API-neutral way, so we don't try.
+
+    On success the function returns PaNoError and fills in hostApi,
+    hostApiInputDeviceID, and hostApiOutputDeviceID fields. On failure
+    the function returns an error code indicating the first encountered
+    parameter error.
+
+
+    If ValidateOpenStreamParameters() returns paNoError, the following
+    assertions are guaranteed to be true.
+
+    - at least one of inputParameters & outputParmeters is valid (not NULL)
+
+    - if inputParameters & outputParameters are both valid, that
+        inputParameters->device & outputParameters->device  both use the same host api
+
+    PaDeviceIndex inputParameters->device
+        - is within range (0 to Pa_GetDeviceCount-1) Or:
+        - is paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification and
+            inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo is non-NULL and refers
+            to a valid host api
+
+    int inputParameters->channelCount
+        - if inputParameters->device is not paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification, channelCount is > 0
+        - upper bound is NOT validated against device capabilities
+
+    PaSampleFormat inputParameters->sampleFormat
+        - is one of the sample formats defined in portaudio.h
+
+    void *inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo
+        - if supplied its hostApi field matches the input device's host Api
+
+    PaDeviceIndex outputParmeters->device
+        - is within range (0 to Pa_GetDeviceCount-1)
+
+    int outputParmeters->channelCount
+        - if inputDevice is valid, channelCount is > 0
+        - upper bound is NOT validated against device capabilities
+
+    PaSampleFormat outputParmeters->sampleFormat
+        - is one of the sample formats defined in portaudio.h
+
+    void *outputParmeters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo
+        - if supplied its hostApi field matches the output device's host Api
+
+    double sampleRate
+        - is not an 'absurd' rate (less than 1000. or greater than 384000.)
+        - sampleRate is NOT validated against device capabilities
+
+    PaStreamFlags streamFlags
+        - unused platform neutral flags are zero
+        - paNeverDropInput is only used for full-duplex callback streams with
+            variable buffer size (paFramesPerBufferUnspecified)
+*/
+static PaError ValidateOpenStreamParameters(
+    const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+    const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+    double sampleRate,
+    unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+    PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+    PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi,
+    PaDeviceIndex *hostApiInputDevice,
+    PaDeviceIndex *hostApiOutputDevice )
+{
+    int inputHostApiIndex  = -1;    /* Suppress uninitialised var warnings: compiler does */
+    int outputHostApiIndex = -1;    /* not see that if inputParameters and outputParameters  */
+                                    /* are both nonzero, these indices are set. */
+
+    if( (inputParameters == NULL) && (outputParameters == NULL) )
+    {
+        return paInvalidDevice; /** @todo should be a new error code "invalid device parameters" or something */
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if( inputParameters == NULL )
+        {
+            *hostApiInputDevice = paNoDevice;
+        }
+        else if( inputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification )
+        {
+            if( inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo )
+            {
+                inputHostApiIndex = Pa_HostApiTypeIdToHostApiIndex(
+                        ((PaUtilHostApiSpecificStreamInfoHeader*)inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo)->hostApiType );
+
+                if( inputHostApiIndex != -1 )
+                {
+                    *hostApiInputDevice = paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification;
+                    *hostApi = hostApis_[inputHostApiIndex];
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    return paInvalidDevice;
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                return paInvalidDevice;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if( inputParameters->device < 0 || inputParameters->device >= deviceCount_ )
+                return paInvalidDevice;
+
+            inputHostApiIndex = FindHostApi( inputParameters->device, hostApiInputDevice );
+            if( inputHostApiIndex < 0 )
+                return paInternalError;
+
+            *hostApi = hostApis_[inputHostApiIndex];
+
+            if( inputParameters->channelCount <= 0 )
+                return paInvalidChannelCount;
+
+            if( !SampleFormatIsValid( inputParameters->sampleFormat ) )
+                return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+            if( inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo != NULL )
+            {
+                if( ((PaUtilHostApiSpecificStreamInfoHeader*)inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo)->hostApiType
+                        != (*hostApi)->info.type )
+                    return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if( outputParameters == NULL )
+        {
+            *hostApiOutputDevice = paNoDevice;
+        }
+        else if( outputParameters->device == paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification  )
+        {
+            if( outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo )
+            {
+                outputHostApiIndex = Pa_HostApiTypeIdToHostApiIndex(
+                        ((PaUtilHostApiSpecificStreamInfoHeader*)outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo)->hostApiType );
+
+                if( outputHostApiIndex != -1 )
+                {
+                    *hostApiOutputDevice = paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification;
+                    *hostApi = hostApis_[outputHostApiIndex];
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    return paInvalidDevice;
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                return paInvalidDevice;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if( outputParameters->device < 0 || outputParameters->device >= deviceCount_ )
+                return paInvalidDevice;
+
+            outputHostApiIndex = FindHostApi( outputParameters->device, hostApiOutputDevice );
+            if( outputHostApiIndex < 0 )
+                return paInternalError;
+
+            *hostApi = hostApis_[outputHostApiIndex];
+
+            if( outputParameters->channelCount <= 0 )
+                return paInvalidChannelCount;
+
+            if( !SampleFormatIsValid( outputParameters->sampleFormat ) )
+                return paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+
+            if( outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo != NULL )
+            {
+                if( ((PaUtilHostApiSpecificStreamInfoHeader*)outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo)->hostApiType
+                        != (*hostApi)->info.type )
+                    return paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if( (inputParameters != NULL) && (outputParameters != NULL) )
+        {
+            /* ensure that both devices use the same API */
+            if( inputHostApiIndex != outputHostApiIndex )
+                return paBadIODeviceCombination;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    /* Check for absurd sample rates. */
+    if( (sampleRate < 1000.0) || (sampleRate > 384000.0) )
+        return paInvalidSampleRate;
+
+    if( ((streamFlags & ~paPlatformSpecificFlags) & ~(paClipOff | paDitherOff | paNeverDropInput | paPrimeOutputBuffersUsingStreamCallback ) ) != 0 )
+        return paInvalidFlag;
+
+    if( streamFlags & paNeverDropInput )
+    {
+        /* must be a callback stream */
+        if( !streamCallback )
+            return paInvalidFlag;
+
+        /* must be a full duplex stream */
+        if( (inputParameters == NULL) || (outputParameters == NULL) )
+            return paInvalidFlag;
+
+        /* must use paFramesPerBufferUnspecified */
+        if( framesPerBuffer != paFramesPerBufferUnspecified )
+            return paInvalidFlag;
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+
+PaError Pa_IsFormatSupported( const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                              const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                              double sampleRate )
+{
+    PaError result;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi = 0;
+    PaDeviceIndex hostApiInputDevice = paNoDevice, hostApiOutputDevice = paNoDevice;
+    PaStreamParameters hostApiInputParameters, hostApiOutputParameters;
+    PaStreamParameters *hostApiInputParametersPtr, *hostApiOutputParametersPtr;
+
+
+#ifdef PA_LOG_API_CALLS
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_IsFormatSupported" );
+
+    if( inputParameters == NULL ){
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStreamParameters *inputParameters: NULL\n" ));
+    }else{
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStreamParameters *inputParameters: 0x%p\n", inputParameters ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaDeviceIndex inputParameters->device: %d\n", inputParameters->device ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tint inputParameters->channelCount: %d\n", inputParameters->channelCount ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaSampleFormat inputParameters->sampleFormat: %d\n", inputParameters->sampleFormat ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaTime inputParameters->suggestedLatency: %f\n", inputParameters->suggestedLatency ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tvoid *inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo: 0x%p\n", inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo ));
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters == NULL ){
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStreamParameters *outputParameters: NULL\n" ));
+    }else{
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStreamParameters *outputParameters: 0x%p\n", outputParameters ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaDeviceIndex outputParameters->device: %d\n", outputParameters->device ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tint outputParameters->channelCount: %d\n", outputParameters->channelCount ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaSampleFormat outputParameters->sampleFormat: %d\n", outputParameters->sampleFormat ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaTime outputParameters->suggestedLatency: %f\n", outputParameters->suggestedLatency ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tvoid *outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo: 0x%p\n", outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo ));
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tdouble sampleRate: %g\n", sampleRate ));
+#endif
+
+    if( !PA_IS_INITIALISED_ )
+    {
+        result = paNotInitialized;
+
+        PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR( "Pa_IsFormatSupported", result );
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    result = ValidateOpenStreamParameters( inputParameters,
+                                           outputParameters,
+                                           sampleRate, 0, paNoFlag, 0,
+                                           &hostApi,
+                                           &hostApiInputDevice,
+                                           &hostApiOutputDevice );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+    {
+        PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR( "Pa_IsFormatSupported", result );
+        return result;
+    }
+
+
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        hostApiInputParameters.device = hostApiInputDevice;
+        hostApiInputParameters.channelCount = inputParameters->channelCount;
+        hostApiInputParameters.sampleFormat = inputParameters->sampleFormat;
+        hostApiInputParameters.suggestedLatency = inputParameters->suggestedLatency;
+        hostApiInputParameters.hostApiSpecificStreamInfo = inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        hostApiInputParametersPtr = &hostApiInputParameters;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        hostApiInputParametersPtr = NULL;
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        hostApiOutputParameters.device = hostApiOutputDevice;
+        hostApiOutputParameters.channelCount = outputParameters->channelCount;
+        hostApiOutputParameters.sampleFormat = outputParameters->sampleFormat;
+        hostApiOutputParameters.suggestedLatency = outputParameters->suggestedLatency;
+        hostApiOutputParameters.hostApiSpecificStreamInfo = outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        hostApiOutputParametersPtr = &hostApiOutputParameters;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        hostApiOutputParametersPtr = NULL;
+    }
+
+    result = hostApi->IsFormatSupported( hostApi,
+                                  hostApiInputParametersPtr, hostApiOutputParametersPtr,
+                                  sampleRate );
+
+#ifdef PA_LOG_API_CALLS
+    PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_OpenStream returned:\n" ));
+    if( result == paFormatIsSupported )
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaError: 0 [ paFormatIsSupported ]\n" ));
+    else
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaError: %d ( %s )\n", result, Pa_GetErrorText( result ) ));
+#endif
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError Pa_OpenStream( PaStream** stream,
+                       const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                       const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                       double sampleRate,
+                       unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                       PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                       PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                       void *userData )
+{
+    PaError result;
+    PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi = 0;
+    PaDeviceIndex hostApiInputDevice = paNoDevice, hostApiOutputDevice = paNoDevice;
+    PaStreamParameters hostApiInputParameters, hostApiOutputParameters;
+    PaStreamParameters *hostApiInputParametersPtr, *hostApiOutputParametersPtr;
+
+
+#ifdef PA_LOG_API_CALLS
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_OpenStream" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStream** stream: 0x%p\n", stream ));
+
+    if( inputParameters == NULL ){
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStreamParameters *inputParameters: NULL\n" ));
+    }else{
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStreamParameters *inputParameters: 0x%p\n", inputParameters ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaDeviceIndex inputParameters->device: %d\n", inputParameters->device ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tint inputParameters->channelCount: %d\n", inputParameters->channelCount ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaSampleFormat inputParameters->sampleFormat: %d\n", inputParameters->sampleFormat ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaTime inputParameters->suggestedLatency: %f\n", inputParameters->suggestedLatency ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tvoid *inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo: 0x%p\n", inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo ));
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters == NULL ){
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStreamParameters *outputParameters: NULL\n" ));
+    }else{
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStreamParameters *outputParameters: 0x%p\n", outputParameters ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaDeviceIndex outputParameters->device: %d\n", outputParameters->device ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tint outputParameters->channelCount: %d\n", outputParameters->channelCount ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaSampleFormat outputParameters->sampleFormat: %d\n", outputParameters->sampleFormat ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaTime outputParameters->suggestedLatency: %f\n", outputParameters->suggestedLatency ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tvoid *outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo: 0x%p\n", outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo ));
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tdouble sampleRate: %g\n", sampleRate ));
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tunsigned long framesPerBuffer: %d\n", framesPerBuffer ));
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStreamFlags streamFlags: 0x%x\n", streamFlags ));
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStreamCallback *streamCallback: 0x%p\n", streamCallback ));
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tvoid *userData: 0x%p\n", userData ));
+#endif
+
+    if( !PA_IS_INITIALISED_ )
+    {
+        result = paNotInitialized;
+
+        PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_OpenStream returned:\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t*(PaStream** stream): undefined\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaError: %d ( %s )\n", result, Pa_GetErrorText( result ) ));
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /* Check for parameter errors.
+        NOTE: make sure this validation list is kept synchronised with the one
+        in pa_hostapi.h
+    */
+
+    if( stream == NULL )
+    {
+        result = paBadStreamPtr;
+
+        PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_OpenStream returned:\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t*(PaStream** stream): undefined\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaError: %d ( %s )\n", result, Pa_GetErrorText( result ) ));
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    result = ValidateOpenStreamParameters( inputParameters,
+                                           outputParameters,
+                                           sampleRate, framesPerBuffer,
+                                           streamFlags, streamCallback,
+                                           &hostApi,
+                                           &hostApiInputDevice,
+                                           &hostApiOutputDevice );
+    if( result != paNoError )
+    {
+        PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_OpenStream returned:\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t*(PaStream** stream): undefined\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaError: %d ( %s )\n", result, Pa_GetErrorText( result ) ));
+        return result;
+    }
+
+
+    if( inputParameters )
+    {
+        hostApiInputParameters.device = hostApiInputDevice;
+        hostApiInputParameters.channelCount = inputParameters->channelCount;
+        hostApiInputParameters.sampleFormat = inputParameters->sampleFormat;
+        hostApiInputParameters.suggestedLatency = inputParameters->suggestedLatency;
+        hostApiInputParameters.hostApiSpecificStreamInfo = inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        hostApiInputParametersPtr = &hostApiInputParameters;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        hostApiInputParametersPtr = NULL;
+    }
+
+    if( outputParameters )
+    {
+        hostApiOutputParameters.device = hostApiOutputDevice;
+        hostApiOutputParameters.channelCount = outputParameters->channelCount;
+        hostApiOutputParameters.sampleFormat = outputParameters->sampleFormat;
+        hostApiOutputParameters.suggestedLatency = outputParameters->suggestedLatency;
+        hostApiOutputParameters.hostApiSpecificStreamInfo = outputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+        hostApiOutputParametersPtr = &hostApiOutputParameters;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        hostApiOutputParametersPtr = NULL;
+    }
+
+    result = hostApi->OpenStream( hostApi, stream,
+                                  hostApiInputParametersPtr, hostApiOutputParametersPtr,
+                                  sampleRate, framesPerBuffer, streamFlags, streamCallback, userData );
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+        AddOpenStream( *stream );
+
+
+    PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_OpenStream returned:\n" ));
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\t*(PaStream** stream): 0x%p\n", *stream ));
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaError: %d ( %s )\n", result, Pa_GetErrorText( result ) ));
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError Pa_OpenDefaultStream( PaStream** stream,
+                              int inputChannelCount,
+                              int outputChannelCount,
+                              PaSampleFormat sampleFormat,
+                              double sampleRate,
+                              unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                              PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                              void *userData )
+{
+    PaError result;
+    PaStreamParameters hostApiInputParameters, hostApiOutputParameters;
+    PaStreamParameters *hostApiInputParametersPtr, *hostApiOutputParametersPtr;
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_OpenDefaultStream" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStream** stream: 0x%p\n", stream ));
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tint inputChannelCount: %d\n", inputChannelCount ));
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tint outputChannelCount: %d\n", outputChannelCount ));
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaSampleFormat sampleFormat: %d\n", sampleFormat ));
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tdouble sampleRate: %g\n", sampleRate ));
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tunsigned long framesPerBuffer: %d\n", framesPerBuffer ));
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStreamCallback *streamCallback: 0x%p\n", streamCallback ));
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tvoid *userData: 0x%p\n", userData ));
+
+
+    if( inputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        hostApiInputParameters.device = Pa_GetDefaultInputDevice();
+        if( hostApiInputParameters.device == paNoDevice )
+            return paDeviceUnavailable;
+
+        hostApiInputParameters.channelCount = inputChannelCount;
+        hostApiInputParameters.sampleFormat = sampleFormat;
+        /* defaultHighInputLatency is used below instead of
+           defaultLowInputLatency because it is more important for the default
+           stream to work reliably than it is for it to work with the lowest
+           latency.
+         */
+        hostApiInputParameters.suggestedLatency =
+             Pa_GetDeviceInfo( hostApiInputParameters.device )->defaultHighInputLatency;
+        hostApiInputParameters.hostApiSpecificStreamInfo = NULL;
+        hostApiInputParametersPtr = &hostApiInputParameters;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        hostApiInputParametersPtr = NULL;
+    }
+
+    if( outputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        hostApiOutputParameters.device = Pa_GetDefaultOutputDevice();
+        if( hostApiOutputParameters.device == paNoDevice )
+            return paDeviceUnavailable;
+
+        hostApiOutputParameters.channelCount = outputChannelCount;
+        hostApiOutputParameters.sampleFormat = sampleFormat;
+        /* defaultHighOutputLatency is used below instead of
+           defaultLowOutputLatency because it is more important for the default
+           stream to work reliably than it is for it to work with the lowest
+           latency.
+         */
+        hostApiOutputParameters.suggestedLatency =
+             Pa_GetDeviceInfo( hostApiOutputParameters.device )->defaultHighOutputLatency;
+        hostApiOutputParameters.hostApiSpecificStreamInfo = NULL;
+        hostApiOutputParametersPtr = &hostApiOutputParameters;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        hostApiOutputParametersPtr = NULL;
+    }
+
+
+    result = Pa_OpenStream(
+                 stream, hostApiInputParametersPtr, hostApiOutputParametersPtr,
+                 sampleRate, framesPerBuffer, paNoFlag, streamCallback, userData );
+
+    PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_OpenDefaultStream returned:\n" ));
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\t*(PaStream** stream): 0x%p", *stream ));
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaError: %d ( %s )\n", result, Pa_GetErrorText( result ) ));
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( PaStream* stream )
+{
+    if( !PA_IS_INITIALISED_ ) return paNotInitialized;
+
+    if( stream == NULL ) return paBadStreamPtr;
+
+    if( ((PaUtilStreamRepresentation*)stream)->magic != PA_STREAM_MAGIC )
+        return paBadStreamPtr;
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+
+PaError Pa_CloseStream( PaStream* stream )
+{
+    PaUtilStreamInterface *interface;
+    PaError result = PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( stream );
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_CloseStream" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStream* stream: 0x%p\n", stream ));
+
+    /* always remove the open stream from our list, even if this function
+        eventually returns an error. Otherwise CloseOpenStreams() will
+        get stuck in an infinite loop */
+    RemoveOpenStream( stream ); /* be sure to call this _before_ closing the stream */
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+    {
+        interface = PA_STREAM_INTERFACE(stream);
+
+        /* abort the stream if it isn't stopped */
+        result = interface->IsStopped( stream );
+        if( result == 1 )
+            result = paNoError;
+        else if( result == 0 )
+            result = interface->Abort( stream );
+
+        if( result == paNoError )                 /** @todo REVIEW: shouldn't we close anyway? see: http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/115 */
+            result = interface->Close( stream );
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR( "Pa_CloseStream", result );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError Pa_SetStreamFinishedCallback( PaStream *stream, PaStreamFinishedCallback* streamFinishedCallback )
+{
+    PaError result = PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( stream );
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_SetStreamFinishedCallback" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStream* stream: 0x%p\n", stream ));
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStreamFinishedCallback* streamFinishedCallback: 0x%p\n", streamFinishedCallback ));
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+    {
+        result = PA_STREAM_INTERFACE(stream)->IsStopped( stream );
+        if( result == 0 )
+        {
+            result = paStreamIsNotStopped ;
+        }
+        if( result == 1 )
+        {
+            PA_STREAM_REP( stream )->streamFinishedCallback = streamFinishedCallback;
+            result = paNoError;
+        }
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR( "Pa_SetStreamFinishedCallback", result );
+
+    return result;
+
+}
+
+
+PaError Pa_StartStream( PaStream *stream )
+{
+    PaError result = PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( stream );
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_StartStream" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStream* stream: 0x%p\n", stream ));
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+    {
+        result = PA_STREAM_INTERFACE(stream)->IsStopped( stream );
+        if( result == 0 )
+        {
+            result = paStreamIsNotStopped ;
+        }
+        else if( result == 1 )
+        {
+            result = PA_STREAM_INTERFACE(stream)->Start( stream );
+        }
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR( "Pa_StartStream", result );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError Pa_StopStream( PaStream *stream )
+{
+    PaError result = PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( stream );
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_StopStream" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStream* stream: 0x%p\n", stream ));
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+    {
+        result = PA_STREAM_INTERFACE(stream)->IsStopped( stream );
+        if( result == 0 )
+        {
+            result = PA_STREAM_INTERFACE(stream)->Stop( stream );
+        }
+        else if( result == 1 )
+        {
+            result = paStreamIsStopped;
+        }
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR( "Pa_StopStream", result );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError Pa_AbortStream( PaStream *stream )
+{
+    PaError result = PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( stream );
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_AbortStream" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStream* stream: 0x%p\n", stream ));
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+    {
+        result = PA_STREAM_INTERFACE(stream)->IsStopped( stream );
+        if( result == 0 )
+        {
+            result = PA_STREAM_INTERFACE(stream)->Abort( stream );
+        }
+        else if( result == 1 )
+        {
+            result = paStreamIsStopped;
+        }
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR( "Pa_AbortStream", result );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError Pa_IsStreamStopped( PaStream *stream )
+{
+    PaError result = PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( stream );
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_IsStreamStopped" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStream* stream: 0x%p\n", stream ));
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+        result = PA_STREAM_INTERFACE(stream)->IsStopped( stream );
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR( "Pa_IsStreamStopped", result );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError Pa_IsStreamActive( PaStream *stream )
+{
+    PaError result = PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( stream );
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_IsStreamActive" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStream* stream: 0x%p\n", stream ));
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+        result = PA_STREAM_INTERFACE(stream)->IsActive( stream );
+
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR( "Pa_IsStreamActive", result );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+const PaStreamInfo* Pa_GetStreamInfo( PaStream *stream )
+{
+    PaError error = PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( stream );
+    const PaStreamInfo *result;
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_GetStreamInfo" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStream* stream: 0x%p\n", stream ));
+
+    if( error != paNoError )
+    {
+        result = 0;
+
+        PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_GetStreamInfo returned:\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tconst PaStreamInfo*: 0 [PaError error:%d ( %s )]\n", error, Pa_GetErrorText( error ) ));
+
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = &PA_STREAM_REP( stream )->streamInfo;
+
+        PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_GetStreamInfo returned:\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tconst PaStreamInfo*: 0x%p:\n", result ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t{" ));
+
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t\tint structVersion: %d\n", result->structVersion ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t\tPaTime inputLatency: %f\n", result->inputLatency ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t\tPaTime outputLatency: %f\n", result->outputLatency ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t\tdouble sampleRate: %f\n", result->sampleRate ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\t}\n" ));
+
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaTime Pa_GetStreamTime( PaStream *stream )
+{
+    PaError error = PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( stream );
+    PaTime result;
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_GetStreamTime" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStream* stream: 0x%p\n", stream ));
+
+    if( error != paNoError )
+    {
+        result = 0;
+
+        PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_GetStreamTime returned:\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaTime: 0 [PaError error:%d ( %s )]\n", result, error, Pa_GetErrorText( error ) ));
+
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = PA_STREAM_INTERFACE(stream)->GetTime( stream );
+
+        PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_GetStreamTime returned:\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaTime: %g\n", result ));
+
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+double Pa_GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream* stream )
+{
+    PaError error = PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( stream );
+    double result;
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_GetStreamCpuLoad" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStream* stream: 0x%p\n", stream ));
+
+    if( error != paNoError )
+    {
+
+        result = 0.0;
+
+        PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_GetStreamCpuLoad returned:\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tdouble: 0.0 [PaError error: %d ( %s )]\n", error, Pa_GetErrorText( error ) ));
+
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = PA_STREAM_INTERFACE(stream)->GetCpuLoad( stream );
+
+        PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_GetStreamCpuLoad returned:\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tdouble: %g\n", result ));
+
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError Pa_ReadStream( PaStream* stream,
+                       void *buffer,
+                       unsigned long frames )
+{
+    PaError result = PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( stream );
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_ReadStream" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStream* stream: 0x%p\n", stream ));
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+    {
+        if( frames == 0 )
+        {
+            /* @todo Should we not allow the implementation to signal any overflow condition? see: http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/116*/
+            result = paNoError;
+        }
+        else if( buffer == 0 )
+        {
+            result = paBadBufferPtr;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            result = PA_STREAM_INTERFACE(stream)->IsStopped( stream );
+            if( result == 0 )
+            {
+                result = PA_STREAM_INTERFACE(stream)->Read( stream, buffer, frames );
+            }
+            else if( result == 1 )
+            {
+                result = paStreamIsStopped;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR( "Pa_ReadStream", result );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError Pa_WriteStream( PaStream* stream,
+                        const void *buffer,
+                        unsigned long frames )
+{
+    PaError result = PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( stream );
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_WriteStream" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStream* stream: 0x%p\n", stream ));
+
+    if( result == paNoError )
+    {
+        if( frames == 0 )
+        {
+            /* @todo Should we not allow the implementation to signal any underflow condition? see: http://www.portaudio.com/trac/ticket/116*/
+            result = paNoError;
+        }
+        else if( buffer == 0 )
+        {
+            result = paBadBufferPtr;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            result = PA_STREAM_INTERFACE(stream)->IsStopped( stream );
+            if( result == 0 )
+            {
+                result = PA_STREAM_INTERFACE(stream)->Write( stream, buffer, frames );
+            }
+            else if( result == 1 )
+            {
+                result = paStreamIsStopped;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR( "Pa_WriteStream", result );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+signed long Pa_GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream* stream )
+{
+    PaError error = PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( stream );
+    signed long result;
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_GetStreamReadAvailable" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStream* stream: 0x%p\n", stream ));
+
+    if( error != paNoError )
+    {
+        result = 0;
+
+        PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_GetStreamReadAvailable returned:\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tunsigned long: 0 [ PaError error: %d ( %s ) ]\n", error, Pa_GetErrorText( error ) ));
+
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = PA_STREAM_INTERFACE(stream)->GetReadAvailable( stream );
+
+        PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_GetStreamReadAvailable returned:\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaError: %d ( %s )\n", result, Pa_GetErrorText( result ) ));
+
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+signed long Pa_GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream* stream )
+{
+    PaError error = PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( stream );
+    signed long result;
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_GetStreamWriteAvailable" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaStream* stream: 0x%p\n", stream ));
+
+    if( error != paNoError )
+    {
+        result = 0;
+
+        PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_GetStreamWriteAvailable returned:\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tunsigned long: 0 [ PaError error: %d ( %s ) ]\n", error, Pa_GetErrorText( error ) ));
+
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = PA_STREAM_INTERFACE(stream)->GetWriteAvailable( stream );
+
+        PA_LOGAPI(("Pa_GetStreamWriteAvailable returned:\n" ));
+        PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaError: %d ( %s )\n", result, Pa_GetErrorText( result ) ));
+
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError Pa_GetSampleSize( PaSampleFormat format )
+{
+    int result;
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_ENTER_PARAMS( "Pa_GetSampleSize" );
+    PA_LOGAPI(("\tPaSampleFormat format: %d\n", format ));
+
+    switch( format & ~paNonInterleaved )
+    {
+
+    case paUInt8:
+    case paInt8:
+        result = 1;
+        break;
+
+    case paInt16:
+        result = 2;
+        break;
+
+    case paInt24:
+        result = 3;
+        break;
+
+    case paFloat32:
+    case paInt32:
+        result = 4;
+        break;
+
+    default:
+        result = paSampleFormatNotSupported;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    PA_LOGAPI_EXIT_PAERROR_OR_T_RESULT( "Pa_GetSampleSize", "int: %d", result );
+
+    return (PaError) result;
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_gitrevision.h b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_gitrevision.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d47425
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_gitrevision.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#define PA_GIT_REVISION unknown
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_hostapi.h b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_hostapi.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ac3ab6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_hostapi.h
@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
+#ifndef PA_HOSTAPI_H
+#define PA_HOSTAPI_H
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library
+ * host api representation
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2008 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+
+ @brief Interfaces and representation structures used by pa_front.c
+ to manage and communicate with host API implementations.
+*/
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+
+/**
+The PA_NO_* host API macros are now deprecated in favor of PA_USE_* macros.
+PA_USE_* indicates whether a particular host API will be initialized by PortAudio.
+An undefined or 0 value indicates that the host API will not be used. A value of 1
+indicates that the host API will be used. PA_USE_* macros should be left undefined
+or defined to either 0 or 1.
+
+The code below ensures that PA_USE_* macros are always defined and have value
+0 or 1. Undefined symbols are defaulted to 0. Symbols that are neither 0 nor 1
+are defaulted to 1.
+*/
+
+#ifndef PA_USE_SKELETON
+#define PA_USE_SKELETON 0
+#elif (PA_USE_SKELETON != 0) && (PA_USE_SKELETON != 1)
+#undef PA_USE_SKELETON
+#define PA_USE_SKELETON 1
+#endif
+
+#if defined(PA_NO_ASIO) || defined(PA_NO_DS) || defined(PA_NO_WMME) || defined(PA_NO_WASAPI) || defined(PA_NO_WDMKS)
+#error "Portaudio: PA_NO_<APINAME> is no longer supported, please remove definition and use PA_USE_<APINAME> instead"
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PA_USE_ASIO
+#define PA_USE_ASIO 0
+#elif (PA_USE_ASIO != 0) && (PA_USE_ASIO != 1)
+#undef PA_USE_ASIO
+#define PA_USE_ASIO 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PA_USE_DS
+#define PA_USE_DS 0
+#elif (PA_USE_DS != 0) && (PA_USE_DS != 1)
+#undef PA_USE_DS
+#define PA_USE_DS 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PA_USE_WMME
+#define PA_USE_WMME 0
+#elif (PA_USE_WMME != 0) && (PA_USE_WMME != 1)
+#undef PA_USE_WMME
+#define PA_USE_WMME 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PA_USE_WASAPI
+#define PA_USE_WASAPI 0
+#elif (PA_USE_WASAPI != 0) && (PA_USE_WASAPI != 1)
+#undef PA_USE_WASAPI
+#define PA_USE_WASAPI 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PA_USE_WDMKS
+#define PA_USE_WDMKS 0
+#elif (PA_USE_WDMKS != 0) && (PA_USE_WDMKS != 1)
+#undef PA_USE_WDMKS
+#define PA_USE_WDMKS 1
+#endif
+
+/* Set default values for Unix based APIs. */
+#if defined(PA_NO_OSS) || defined(PA_NO_ALSA) || defined(PA_NO_JACK) || defined(PA_NO_COREAUDIO) || defined(PA_NO_SGI) || defined(PA_NO_ASIHPI)
+#error "Portaudio: PA_NO_<APINAME> is no longer supported, please remove definition and use PA_USE_<APINAME> instead"
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PA_USE_OSS
+#define PA_USE_OSS 0
+#elif (PA_USE_OSS != 0) && (PA_USE_OSS != 1)
+#undef PA_USE_OSS
+#define PA_USE_OSS 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PA_USE_ALSA
+#define PA_USE_ALSA 0
+#elif (PA_USE_ALSA != 0) && (PA_USE_ALSA != 1)
+#undef PA_USE_ALSA
+#define PA_USE_ALSA 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PA_USE_JACK
+#define PA_USE_JACK 0
+#elif (PA_USE_JACK != 0) && (PA_USE_JACK != 1)
+#undef PA_USE_JACK
+#define PA_USE_JACK 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PA_USE_SGI
+#define PA_USE_SGI 0
+#elif (PA_USE_SGI != 0) && (PA_USE_SGI != 1)
+#undef PA_USE_SGI
+#define PA_USE_SGI 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PA_USE_COREAUDIO
+#define PA_USE_COREAUDIO 0
+#elif (PA_USE_COREAUDIO != 0) && (PA_USE_COREAUDIO != 1)
+#undef PA_USE_COREAUDIO
+#define PA_USE_COREAUDIO 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PA_USE_ASIHPI
+#define PA_USE_ASIHPI 0
+#elif (PA_USE_ASIHPI != 0) && (PA_USE_ASIHPI != 1)
+#undef PA_USE_ASIHPI
+#define PA_USE_ASIHPI 1
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+/** **FOR THE USE OF pa_front.c ONLY**
+    Do NOT use fields in this structure, they my change at any time.
+    Use functions defined in pa_util.h if you think you need functionality
+    which can be derived from here.
+*/
+typedef struct PaUtilPrivatePaFrontHostApiInfo {
+
+
+    unsigned long baseDeviceIndex;
+}PaUtilPrivatePaFrontHostApiInfo;
+
+
+/** The common header for all data structures whose pointers are passed through
+ the hostApiSpecificStreamInfo field of the PaStreamParameters structure.
+ Note that in order to keep the public PortAudio interface clean, this structure
+ is not used explicitly when declaring hostApiSpecificStreamInfo data structures.
+ However, some code in pa_front depends on the first 3 members being equivalent
+ with this structure.
+ @see PaStreamParameters
+*/
+typedef struct PaUtilHostApiSpecificStreamInfoHeader
+{
+    unsigned long size;             /**< size of whole structure including this header */
+    PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType;    /**< host API for which this data is intended */
+    unsigned long version;          /**< structure version */
+} PaUtilHostApiSpecificStreamInfoHeader;
+
+
+
+/** A structure representing the interface to a host API. Contains both
+ concrete data and pointers to functions which implement the interface.
+*/
+typedef struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation {
+    PaUtilPrivatePaFrontHostApiInfo privatePaFrontInfo;
+
+    /** The host api implementation should populate the info field. In the
+        case of info.defaultInputDevice and info.defaultOutputDevice the
+        values stored should be 0 based indices within the host api's own
+        device index range (0 to deviceCount). These values will be converted
+        to global device indices by pa_front after PaUtilHostApiInitializer()
+        returns.
+    */
+    PaHostApiInfo info;
+
+    PaDeviceInfo** deviceInfos;
+
+    /**
+        (*Terminate)() is guaranteed to be called with a valid <hostApi>
+        parameter, which was previously returned from the same implementation's
+        initializer.
+    */
+    void (*Terminate)( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi );
+
+    /**
+        The inputParameters and outputParameters pointers should not be saved
+        as they will not remain valid after OpenStream is called.
+
+
+        The following guarantees are made about parameters to (*OpenStream)():
+
+            [NOTE: the following list up to *END PA FRONT VALIDATIONS* should be
+                kept in sync with the one for ValidateOpenStreamParameters and
+                Pa_OpenStream in pa_front.c]
+
+            PaHostApiRepresentation *hostApi
+                - is valid for this implementation
+
+            PaStream** stream
+                - is non-null
+
+            - at least one of inputParameters & outputParmeters is valid (not NULL)
+
+            - if inputParameters & outputParmeters are both valid, that
+                inputParameters->device & outputParmeters->device  both use the same host api
+
+            PaDeviceIndex inputParameters->device
+                - is within range (0 to Pa_CountDevices-1) Or:
+                - is paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification and
+                    inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo is non-NULL and refers
+                    to a valid host api
+
+            int inputParameters->numChannels
+                - if inputParameters->device is not paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification, numInputChannels is > 0
+                - upper bound is NOT validated against device capabilities
+
+            PaSampleFormat inputParameters->sampleFormat
+                - is one of the sample formats defined in portaudio.h
+
+            void *inputParameters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo
+                - if supplied its hostApi field matches the input device's host Api
+
+            PaDeviceIndex outputParmeters->device
+                - is within range (0 to Pa_CountDevices-1)
+
+            int outputParmeters->numChannels
+                - if inputDevice is valid, numInputChannels is > 0
+                - upper bound is NOT validated against device capabilities
+
+            PaSampleFormat outputParmeters->sampleFormat
+                - is one of the sample formats defined in portaudio.h
+
+            void *outputParmeters->hostApiSpecificStreamInfo
+                - if supplied its hostApi field matches the output device's host Api
+
+            double sampleRate
+                - is not an 'absurd' rate (less than 1000. or greater than 384000.)
+                - sampleRate is NOT validated against device capabilities
+
+            PaStreamFlags streamFlags
+                - unused platform neutral flags are zero
+                - paNeverDropInput is only used for full-duplex callback streams
+                    with variable buffer size (paFramesPerBufferUnspecified)
+
+            [*END PA FRONT VALIDATIONS*]
+
+
+        The following validations MUST be performed by (*OpenStream)():
+
+            - check that input device can support numInputChannels
+
+            - check that input device can support inputSampleFormat, or that
+                we have the capability to convert from outputSampleFormat to
+                a native format
+
+            - if inputStreamInfo is supplied, validate its contents,
+                or return an error if no inputStreamInfo is expected
+
+            - check that output device can support numOutputChannels
+
+            - check that output device can support outputSampleFormat, or that
+                we have the capability to convert from outputSampleFormat to
+                a native format
+
+            - if outputStreamInfo is supplied, validate its contents,
+                or return an error if no outputStreamInfo is expected
+
+            - if a full duplex stream is requested, check that the combination
+                of input and output parameters is supported
+
+            - check that the device supports sampleRate
+
+            - alter sampleRate to a close allowable rate if necessary
+
+            - validate inputLatency and outputLatency
+
+            - validate any platform specific flags, if flags are supplied they
+                must be valid.
+    */
+    PaError (*OpenStream)( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                           PaStream** stream,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                           const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                           double sampleRate,
+                           unsigned long framesPerCallback,
+                           PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                           PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                           void *userData );
+
+
+    PaError (*IsFormatSupported)( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                                  const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                                  double sampleRate );
+} PaUtilHostApiRepresentation;
+
+
+/** Prototype for the initialization function which must be implemented by every
+ host API.
+
+ This function should only return an error other than paNoError if it encounters
+ an unexpected and fatal error (memory allocation error for example). In general,
+ there may be conditions under which it returns a NULL interface pointer and also
+ returns paNoError. For example, if the ASIO implementation detects that ASIO is
+ not installed, it should return a NULL interface, and paNoError.
+
+ @see paHostApiInitializers
+*/
+typedef PaError PaUtilHostApiInitializer( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation**, PaHostApiIndex );
+
+
+/** paHostApiInitializers is a NULL-terminated array of host API initialization
+ functions. These functions are called by pa_front.c to initialize the host APIs
+ when the client calls Pa_Initialize().
+
+ The initialization functions are invoked in order.
+
+ The first successfully initialized host API that has a default input *or* output
+ device is used as the default PortAudio host API. This is based on the logic that
+ there is only one default host API, and it must contain the default input and output
+ devices (if defined).
+
+ There is a platform specific file that defines paHostApiInitializers for that
+ platform, pa_win/pa_win_hostapis.c contains the Win32 definitions for example.
+*/
+extern PaUtilHostApiInitializer *paHostApiInitializers[];
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#endif /* PA_HOSTAPI_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_memorybarrier.h b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_memorybarrier.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f07b60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_memorybarrier.h
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+/*
+ * $Id: pa_memorybarrier.h 1240 2007-07-17 13:05:07Z bjornroche $
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library
+ * Memory barrier utilities
+ *
+ * Author: Bjorn Roche, XO Audio, LLC
+ *
+ * This program uses the PortAudio Portable Audio Library.
+ * For more information see: http://www.portaudio.com
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2000 Ross Bencina and Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/**
+ @file pa_memorybarrier.h
+ @ingroup common_src
+*/
+
+/****************
+ * Some memory barrier primitives based on the system.
+ * right now only OS X, FreeBSD, and Linux are supported. In addition to providing
+ * memory barriers, these functions should ensure that data cached in registers
+ * is written out to cache where it can be snooped by other CPUs. (ie, the volatile
+ * keyword should not be required)
+ *
+ * the primitives that must be defined are:
+ *
+ * PaUtil_FullMemoryBarrier()
+ * PaUtil_ReadMemoryBarrier()
+ * PaUtil_WriteMemoryBarrier()
+ *
+ ****************/
+
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+/* Support for the atomic library was added in C11.
+ */
+#   if (__STDC_VERSION__ < 201112L) || defined(__STDC_NO_ATOMICS__)
+#       include <libkern/OSAtomic.h>
+        /* Here are the memory barrier functions. Mac OS X only provides
+           full memory barriers, so the three types of barriers are the same,
+           however, these barriers are superior to compiler-based ones.
+           These were deprecated in MacOS 10.12. */
+#       define PaUtil_FullMemoryBarrier()  OSMemoryBarrier()
+#       define PaUtil_ReadMemoryBarrier()  OSMemoryBarrier()
+#       define PaUtil_WriteMemoryBarrier() OSMemoryBarrier()
+#   else
+#       include <stdatomic.h>
+#       define PaUtil_FullMemoryBarrier()  atomic_thread_fence(memory_order_seq_cst)
+#       define PaUtil_ReadMemoryBarrier()  atomic_thread_fence(memory_order_acquire)
+#       define PaUtil_WriteMemoryBarrier() atomic_thread_fence(memory_order_release)
+#   endif
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+    /* GCC >= 4.1 has built-in intrinsics. We'll use those */
+#   if (__GNUC__ > 4) || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 1)
+#       define PaUtil_FullMemoryBarrier()  __sync_synchronize()
+#       define PaUtil_ReadMemoryBarrier()  __sync_synchronize()
+#       define PaUtil_WriteMemoryBarrier() __sync_synchronize()
+    /* as a fallback, GCC understands volatile asm and "memory" to mean it
+     * should not reorder memory read/writes */
+    /* Note that it is not clear that any compiler actually defines __PPC__,
+     * it can probably removed safely. */
+#   elif defined( __ppc__ ) || defined( __powerpc__) || defined( __PPC__ )
+#       define PaUtil_FullMemoryBarrier()  asm volatile("sync":::"memory")
+#       define PaUtil_ReadMemoryBarrier()  asm volatile("sync":::"memory")
+#       define PaUtil_WriteMemoryBarrier() asm volatile("sync":::"memory")
+#   elif defined( __i386__ ) || defined( __i486__ ) || defined( __i586__ ) || \
+            defined( __i686__ ) || defined( __x86_64__ )
+#       define PaUtil_FullMemoryBarrier()  asm volatile("mfence":::"memory")
+#       define PaUtil_ReadMemoryBarrier()  asm volatile("lfence":::"memory")
+#       define PaUtil_WriteMemoryBarrier() asm volatile("sfence":::"memory")
+#   else
+#       ifdef ALLOW_SMP_DANGERS
+#           warning Memory barriers not defined on this system or system unknown
+#           warning For SMP safety, you should fix this.
+#           define PaUtil_FullMemoryBarrier()
+#           define PaUtil_ReadMemoryBarrier()
+#           define PaUtil_WriteMemoryBarrier()
+#       else
+#           error Memory barriers are not defined on this system. You can still compile by defining ALLOW_SMP_DANGERS, but SMP safety will not be guaranteed.
+#       endif
+#   endif
+#elif (_MSC_VER >= 1400) && !defined(_WIN32_WCE)
+#   include <intrin.h>
+#   pragma intrinsic(_ReadWriteBarrier)
+#   pragma intrinsic(_ReadBarrier)
+#   pragma intrinsic(_WriteBarrier)
+/* note that MSVC intrinsics _ReadWriteBarrier(), _ReadBarrier(), _WriteBarrier() are just compiler barriers *not* memory barriers */
+#   define PaUtil_FullMemoryBarrier()  _ReadWriteBarrier()
+#   define PaUtil_ReadMemoryBarrier()  _ReadBarrier()
+#   define PaUtil_WriteMemoryBarrier() _WriteBarrier()
+#elif defined(_WIN32_WCE)
+#   define PaUtil_FullMemoryBarrier()
+#   define PaUtil_ReadMemoryBarrier()
+#   define PaUtil_WriteMemoryBarrier()
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
+#   define PaUtil_FullMemoryBarrier()  _asm { lock add    [esp], 0 }
+#   define PaUtil_ReadMemoryBarrier()  _asm { lock add    [esp], 0 }
+#   define PaUtil_WriteMemoryBarrier() _asm { lock add    [esp], 0 }
+#else
+#   ifdef ALLOW_SMP_DANGERS
+#       warning Memory barriers not defined on this system or system unknown
+#       warning For SMP safety, you should fix this.
+#       define PaUtil_FullMemoryBarrier()
+#       define PaUtil_ReadMemoryBarrier()
+#       define PaUtil_WriteMemoryBarrier()
+#   else
+#       error Memory barriers are not defined on this system. You can still compile by defining ALLOW_SMP_DANGERS, but SMP safety will not be guaranteed.
+#   endif
+#endif
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_process.c b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_process.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..084cabb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_process.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1831 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library
+ * streamCallback <-> host buffer processing adapter
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+
+ @brief Buffer Processor implementation.
+*/
+
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h> /* memset() */
+
+#include "pa_process.h"
+#include "pa_util.h"
+
+
+#define PA_FRAMES_PER_TEMP_BUFFER_WHEN_HOST_BUFFER_SIZE_IS_UNKNOWN_    1024
+
+#define PA_MIN_( a, b ) ( ((a)<(b)) ? (a) : (b) )
+
+
+/* greatest common divisor - PGCD in French */
+static unsigned long GCD( unsigned long a, unsigned long b )
+{
+    return (b==0) ? a : GCD( b, a%b);
+}
+
+/* least common multiple - PPCM in French */
+static unsigned long LCM( unsigned long a, unsigned long b )
+{
+    return (a*b) / GCD(a,b);
+}
+
+#define PA_MAX_( a, b ) (((a) > (b)) ? (a) : (b))
+
+static unsigned long CalculateFrameShift( unsigned long M, unsigned long N )
+{
+    unsigned long result = 0;
+    unsigned long i;
+    unsigned long lcm;
+
+    assert( M > 0 );
+    assert( N > 0 );
+
+    lcm = LCM( M, N );
+    for( i = M; i < lcm; i += M )
+        result = PA_MAX_( result, i % N );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+PaError PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        int inputChannelCount, PaSampleFormat userInputSampleFormat,
+        PaSampleFormat hostInputSampleFormat,
+        int outputChannelCount, PaSampleFormat userOutputSampleFormat,
+        PaSampleFormat hostOutputSampleFormat,
+        double sampleRate,
+        PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+        unsigned long framesPerUserBuffer,
+        unsigned long framesPerHostBuffer,
+        PaUtilHostBufferSizeMode hostBufferSizeMode,
+        PaStreamCallback *streamCallback, void *userData )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PaError bytesPerSample;
+    unsigned long tempInputBufferSize, tempOutputBufferSize;
+    PaStreamFlags tempInputStreamFlags;
+
+    if( streamFlags & paNeverDropInput )
+    {
+        /* paNeverDropInput is only valid for full-duplex callback streams, with an unspecified number of frames per buffer. */
+        if( !streamCallback || !(inputChannelCount > 0 && outputChannelCount > 0) ||
+                framesPerUserBuffer != paFramesPerBufferUnspecified )
+            return paInvalidFlag;
+    }
+
+    /* initialize buffer ptrs to zero so they can be freed if necessary in error */
+    bp->tempInputBuffer = 0;
+    bp->tempInputBufferPtrs = 0;
+    bp->tempOutputBuffer = 0;
+    bp->tempOutputBufferPtrs = 0;
+
+    bp->framesPerUserBuffer = framesPerUserBuffer;
+    bp->framesPerHostBuffer = framesPerHostBuffer;
+
+    bp->inputChannelCount = inputChannelCount;
+    bp->outputChannelCount = outputChannelCount;
+
+    bp->hostBufferSizeMode = hostBufferSizeMode;
+
+    bp->hostInputChannels[0] = bp->hostInputChannels[1] = 0;
+    bp->hostOutputChannels[0] = bp->hostOutputChannels[1] = 0;
+
+    if( framesPerUserBuffer == 0 ) /* streamCallback will accept any buffer size */
+    {
+        bp->useNonAdaptingProcess = 1;
+        bp->initialFramesInTempInputBuffer = 0;
+        bp->initialFramesInTempOutputBuffer = 0;
+
+        if( hostBufferSizeMode == paUtilFixedHostBufferSize
+                || hostBufferSizeMode == paUtilBoundedHostBufferSize )
+        {
+            bp->framesPerTempBuffer = framesPerHostBuffer;
+        }
+        else /* unknown host buffer size */
+        {
+            bp->framesPerTempBuffer = PA_FRAMES_PER_TEMP_BUFFER_WHEN_HOST_BUFFER_SIZE_IS_UNKNOWN_;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        bp->framesPerTempBuffer = framesPerUserBuffer;
+
+        if( hostBufferSizeMode == paUtilFixedHostBufferSize
+                && framesPerHostBuffer % framesPerUserBuffer == 0 )
+        {
+            bp->useNonAdaptingProcess = 1;
+            bp->initialFramesInTempInputBuffer = 0;
+            bp->initialFramesInTempOutputBuffer = 0;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            bp->useNonAdaptingProcess = 0;
+
+            if( inputChannelCount > 0 && outputChannelCount > 0 )
+            {
+                /* full duplex */
+                if( hostBufferSizeMode == paUtilFixedHostBufferSize )
+                {
+                    unsigned long frameShift =
+                        CalculateFrameShift( framesPerHostBuffer, framesPerUserBuffer );
+
+                    if( framesPerUserBuffer > framesPerHostBuffer )
+                    {
+                        bp->initialFramesInTempInputBuffer = frameShift;
+                        bp->initialFramesInTempOutputBuffer = 0;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        bp->initialFramesInTempInputBuffer = 0;
+                        bp->initialFramesInTempOutputBuffer = frameShift;
+                    }
+                }
+                else /* variable host buffer size, add framesPerUserBuffer latency */
+                {
+                    bp->initialFramesInTempInputBuffer = 0;
+                    bp->initialFramesInTempOutputBuffer = framesPerUserBuffer;
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                /* half duplex */
+                bp->initialFramesInTempInputBuffer = 0;
+                bp->initialFramesInTempOutputBuffer = 0;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    bp->framesInTempInputBuffer = bp->initialFramesInTempInputBuffer;
+    bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer = bp->initialFramesInTempOutputBuffer;
+
+
+    if( inputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        bytesPerSample = Pa_GetSampleSize( hostInputSampleFormat );
+        if( bytesPerSample > 0 )
+        {
+            bp->bytesPerHostInputSample = bytesPerSample;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            result = bytesPerSample;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        bytesPerSample = Pa_GetSampleSize( userInputSampleFormat );
+        if( bytesPerSample > 0 )
+        {
+            bp->bytesPerUserInputSample = bytesPerSample;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            result = bytesPerSample;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        /* Under the assumption that no ADC in existence delivers better than 24bits resolution,
+            we disable dithering when host input format is paInt32 and user format is paInt24,
+            since the host samples will just be padded with zeros anyway. */
+
+        tempInputStreamFlags = streamFlags;
+        if( !(tempInputStreamFlags & paDitherOff) /* dither is on */
+                && (hostInputSampleFormat & paInt32) /* host input format is int32 */
+                && (userInputSampleFormat & paInt24) /* user requested format is int24 */ ){
+
+            tempInputStreamFlags = tempInputStreamFlags | paDitherOff;
+        }
+
+        bp->inputConverter =
+            PaUtil_SelectConverter( hostInputSampleFormat, userInputSampleFormat, tempInputStreamFlags );
+
+        bp->inputZeroer = PaUtil_SelectZeroer( userInputSampleFormat );
+
+        bp->userInputIsInterleaved = (userInputSampleFormat & paNonInterleaved)?0:1;
+
+        bp->hostInputIsInterleaved = (hostInputSampleFormat & paNonInterleaved)?0:1;
+
+        bp->userInputSampleFormatIsEqualToHost = ((userInputSampleFormat & ~paNonInterleaved) == (hostInputSampleFormat & ~paNonInterleaved));
+
+        tempInputBufferSize =
+            bp->framesPerTempBuffer * bp->bytesPerUserInputSample * inputChannelCount;
+
+        bp->tempInputBuffer = PaUtil_AllocateMemory( tempInputBufferSize );
+        if( bp->tempInputBuffer == 0 )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        if( bp->framesInTempInputBuffer > 0 )
+            memset( bp->tempInputBuffer, 0, tempInputBufferSize );
+
+        if( userInputSampleFormat & paNonInterleaved )
+        {
+            bp->tempInputBufferPtrs =
+                (void **)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(void*)*inputChannelCount );
+            if( bp->tempInputBufferPtrs == 0 )
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                goto error;
+            }
+        }
+
+        bp->hostInputChannels[0] = (PaUtilChannelDescriptor*)
+                PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaUtilChannelDescriptor) * inputChannelCount * 2);
+        if( bp->hostInputChannels[0] == 0 )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        bp->hostInputChannels[1] = &bp->hostInputChannels[0][inputChannelCount];
+    }
+
+    if( outputChannelCount > 0 )
+    {
+        bytesPerSample = Pa_GetSampleSize( hostOutputSampleFormat );
+        if( bytesPerSample > 0 )
+        {
+            bp->bytesPerHostOutputSample = bytesPerSample;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            result = bytesPerSample;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        bytesPerSample = Pa_GetSampleSize( userOutputSampleFormat );
+        if( bytesPerSample > 0 )
+        {
+            bp->bytesPerUserOutputSample = bytesPerSample;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            result = bytesPerSample;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        bp->outputConverter =
+            PaUtil_SelectConverter( userOutputSampleFormat, hostOutputSampleFormat, streamFlags );
+
+        bp->outputZeroer = PaUtil_SelectZeroer( hostOutputSampleFormat );
+
+        bp->userOutputIsInterleaved = (userOutputSampleFormat & paNonInterleaved)?0:1;
+
+        bp->hostOutputIsInterleaved = (hostOutputSampleFormat & paNonInterleaved)?0:1;
+
+        bp->userOutputSampleFormatIsEqualToHost = ((userOutputSampleFormat & ~paNonInterleaved) == (hostOutputSampleFormat & ~paNonInterleaved));
+
+        tempOutputBufferSize =
+                bp->framesPerTempBuffer * bp->bytesPerUserOutputSample * outputChannelCount;
+
+        bp->tempOutputBuffer = PaUtil_AllocateMemory( tempOutputBufferSize );
+        if( bp->tempOutputBuffer == 0 )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        if( bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer > 0 )
+            memset( bp->tempOutputBuffer, 0, tempOutputBufferSize );
+
+        if( userOutputSampleFormat & paNonInterleaved )
+        {
+            bp->tempOutputBufferPtrs =
+                (void **)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(void*)*outputChannelCount );
+            if( bp->tempOutputBufferPtrs == 0 )
+            {
+                result = paInsufficientMemory;
+                goto error;
+            }
+        }
+
+        bp->hostOutputChannels[0] = (PaUtilChannelDescriptor*)
+                PaUtil_AllocateMemory( sizeof(PaUtilChannelDescriptor)*outputChannelCount * 2 );
+        if( bp->hostOutputChannels[0] == 0 )
+        {
+            result = paInsufficientMemory;
+            goto error;
+        }
+
+        bp->hostOutputChannels[1] = &bp->hostOutputChannels[0][outputChannelCount];
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_InitializeTriangularDitherState( &bp->ditherGenerator );
+
+    bp->samplePeriod = 1. / sampleRate;
+
+    bp->streamCallback = streamCallback;
+    bp->userData = userData;
+
+    return result;
+
+error:
+    if( bp->tempInputBuffer )
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( bp->tempInputBuffer );
+
+    if( bp->tempInputBufferPtrs )
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( bp->tempInputBufferPtrs );
+
+    if( bp->hostInputChannels[0] )
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( bp->hostInputChannels[0] );
+
+    if( bp->tempOutputBuffer )
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( bp->tempOutputBuffer );
+
+    if( bp->tempOutputBufferPtrs )
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( bp->tempOutputBufferPtrs );
+
+    if( bp->hostOutputChannels[0] )
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( bp->hostOutputChannels[0] );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp )
+{
+    if( bp->tempInputBuffer )
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( bp->tempInputBuffer );
+
+    if( bp->tempInputBufferPtrs )
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( bp->tempInputBufferPtrs );
+
+    if( bp->hostInputChannels[0] )
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( bp->hostInputChannels[0] );
+
+    if( bp->tempOutputBuffer )
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( bp->tempOutputBuffer );
+
+    if( bp->tempOutputBufferPtrs )
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( bp->tempOutputBufferPtrs );
+
+    if( bp->hostOutputChannels[0] )
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( bp->hostOutputChannels[0] );
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_ResetBufferProcessor( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp )
+{
+    unsigned long tempInputBufferSize, tempOutputBufferSize;
+
+    bp->framesInTempInputBuffer = bp->initialFramesInTempInputBuffer;
+    bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer = bp->initialFramesInTempOutputBuffer;
+
+    if( bp->framesInTempInputBuffer > 0 )
+    {
+        tempInputBufferSize =
+            bp->framesPerTempBuffer * bp->bytesPerUserInputSample * bp->inputChannelCount;
+        memset( bp->tempInputBuffer, 0, tempInputBufferSize );
+    }
+
+    if( bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer > 0 )
+    {
+        tempOutputBufferSize =
+            bp->framesPerTempBuffer * bp->bytesPerUserOutputSample * bp->outputChannelCount;
+        memset( bp->tempOutputBuffer, 0, tempOutputBufferSize );
+    }
+}
+
+
+unsigned long PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp )
+{
+    return bp->initialFramesInTempInputBuffer;
+}
+
+
+unsigned long PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp )
+{
+    return bp->initialFramesInTempOutputBuffer;
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        unsigned long frameCount )
+{
+    if( frameCount == 0 )
+        bp->hostInputFrameCount[0] = bp->framesPerHostBuffer;
+    else
+        bp->hostInputFrameCount[0] = frameCount;
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_SetNoInput( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp )
+{
+    assert( bp->inputChannelCount > 0 );
+
+    bp->hostInputChannels[0][0].data = 0;
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_SetInputChannel( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        unsigned int channel, void *data, unsigned int stride )
+{
+    assert( channel < bp->inputChannelCount );
+
+    bp->hostInputChannels[0][channel].data = data;
+    bp->hostInputChannels[0][channel].stride = stride;
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        unsigned int firstChannel, void *data, unsigned int channelCount )
+{
+    unsigned int i;
+    unsigned int channel = firstChannel;
+    unsigned char *p = (unsigned char*)data;
+
+    if( channelCount == 0 )
+        channelCount = bp->inputChannelCount;
+
+    assert( firstChannel < bp->inputChannelCount );
+    assert( firstChannel + channelCount <= bp->inputChannelCount );
+    assert( bp->hostInputIsInterleaved );
+
+    for( i=0; i< channelCount; ++i )
+    {
+        bp->hostInputChannels[0][channel+i].data = p;
+        p += bp->bytesPerHostInputSample;
+        bp->hostInputChannels[0][channel+i].stride = channelCount;
+    }
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_SetNonInterleavedInputChannel( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        unsigned int channel, void *data )
+{
+    assert( channel < bp->inputChannelCount );
+    assert( !bp->hostInputIsInterleaved );
+
+    bp->hostInputChannels[0][channel].data = data;
+    bp->hostInputChannels[0][channel].stride = 1;
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_Set2ndInputFrameCount( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        unsigned long frameCount )
+{
+    bp->hostInputFrameCount[1] = frameCount;
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_Set2ndInputChannel( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        unsigned int channel, void *data, unsigned int stride )
+{
+    assert( channel < bp->inputChannelCount );
+
+    bp->hostInputChannels[1][channel].data = data;
+    bp->hostInputChannels[1][channel].stride = stride;
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_Set2ndInterleavedInputChannels( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        unsigned int firstChannel, void *data, unsigned int channelCount )
+{
+    unsigned int i;
+    unsigned int channel = firstChannel;
+    unsigned char *p = (unsigned char*)data;
+
+    if( channelCount == 0 )
+        channelCount = bp->inputChannelCount;
+
+    assert( firstChannel < bp->inputChannelCount );
+    assert( firstChannel + channelCount <= bp->inputChannelCount );
+    assert( bp->hostInputIsInterleaved );
+
+    for( i=0; i< channelCount; ++i )
+    {
+        bp->hostInputChannels[1][channel+i].data = p;
+        p += bp->bytesPerHostInputSample;
+        bp->hostInputChannels[1][channel+i].stride = channelCount;
+    }
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_Set2ndNonInterleavedInputChannel( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        unsigned int channel, void *data )
+{
+    assert( channel < bp->inputChannelCount );
+    assert( !bp->hostInputIsInterleaved );
+
+    bp->hostInputChannels[1][channel].data = data;
+    bp->hostInputChannels[1][channel].stride = 1;
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        unsigned long frameCount )
+{
+    if( frameCount == 0 )
+        bp->hostOutputFrameCount[0] = bp->framesPerHostBuffer;
+    else
+        bp->hostOutputFrameCount[0] = frameCount;
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_SetNoOutput( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp )
+{
+    assert( bp->outputChannelCount > 0 );
+
+    bp->hostOutputChannels[0][0].data = 0;
+
+    /* note that only NonAdaptingProcess is able to deal with no output at this stage. not implemented for AdaptingProcess */
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_SetOutputChannel( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        unsigned int channel, void *data, unsigned int stride )
+{
+    assert( channel < bp->outputChannelCount );
+    assert( data != NULL );
+
+    bp->hostOutputChannels[0][channel].data = data;
+    bp->hostOutputChannels[0][channel].stride = stride;
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_SetInterleavedOutputChannels( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        unsigned int firstChannel, void *data, unsigned int channelCount )
+{
+    unsigned int i;
+    unsigned int channel = firstChannel;
+    unsigned char *p = (unsigned char*)data;
+
+    if( channelCount == 0 )
+        channelCount = bp->outputChannelCount;
+
+    assert( firstChannel < bp->outputChannelCount );
+    assert( firstChannel + channelCount <= bp->outputChannelCount );
+    assert( bp->hostOutputIsInterleaved );
+
+    for( i=0; i< channelCount; ++i )
+    {
+        PaUtil_SetOutputChannel( bp, channel + i, p, channelCount );
+        p += bp->bytesPerHostOutputSample;
+    }
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_SetNonInterleavedOutputChannel( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        unsigned int channel, void *data )
+{
+    assert( channel < bp->outputChannelCount );
+    assert( !bp->hostOutputIsInterleaved );
+
+    PaUtil_SetOutputChannel( bp, channel, data, 1 );
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_Set2ndOutputFrameCount( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        unsigned long frameCount )
+{
+    bp->hostOutputFrameCount[1] = frameCount;
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_Set2ndOutputChannel( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        unsigned int channel, void *data, unsigned int stride )
+{
+    assert( channel < bp->outputChannelCount );
+    assert( data != NULL );
+
+    bp->hostOutputChannels[1][channel].data = data;
+    bp->hostOutputChannels[1][channel].stride = stride;
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_Set2ndInterleavedOutputChannels( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        unsigned int firstChannel, void *data, unsigned int channelCount )
+{
+    unsigned int i;
+    unsigned int channel = firstChannel;
+    unsigned char *p = (unsigned char*)data;
+
+    if( channelCount == 0 )
+        channelCount = bp->outputChannelCount;
+
+    assert( firstChannel < bp->outputChannelCount );
+    assert( firstChannel + channelCount <= bp->outputChannelCount );
+    assert( bp->hostOutputIsInterleaved );
+
+    for( i=0; i< channelCount; ++i )
+    {
+        PaUtil_Set2ndOutputChannel( bp, channel + i, p, channelCount );
+        p += bp->bytesPerHostOutputSample;
+    }
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_Set2ndNonInterleavedOutputChannel( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        unsigned int channel, void *data )
+{
+    assert( channel < bp->outputChannelCount );
+    assert( !bp->hostOutputIsInterleaved );
+
+    PaUtil_Set2ndOutputChannel( bp, channel, data, 1 );
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_BeginBufferProcessing( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo* timeInfo, PaStreamCallbackFlags callbackStatusFlags )
+{
+    bp->timeInfo = timeInfo;
+
+    /* the first streamCallback will be called to process samples which are
+        currently in the input buffer before the ones starting at the timeInfo time */
+
+    bp->timeInfo->inputBufferAdcTime -= bp->framesInTempInputBuffer * bp->samplePeriod;
+
+    /* We just pass through timeInfo->currentTime provided by the caller. This is
+        not strictly conformant to the word of the spec, since the buffer processor
+        might call the callback multiple times, and we never refresh currentTime. */
+
+    /* the first streamCallback will be called to generate samples which will be
+        outputted after the frames currently in the output buffer have been
+        outputted. */
+    bp->timeInfo->outputBufferDacTime += bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer * bp->samplePeriod;
+
+    bp->callbackStatusFlags = callbackStatusFlags;
+
+    bp->hostInputFrameCount[1] = 0;
+    bp->hostOutputFrameCount[1] = 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+    NonAdaptingProcess() is a simple buffer copying adaptor that can handle
+    both full and half duplex copies. It processes framesToProcess frames,
+    broken into blocks bp->framesPerTempBuffer long.
+    This routine can be used when the streamCallback doesn't care what length
+    the buffers are, or when framesToProcess is an integer multiple of
+    bp->framesPerTempBuffer, in which case streamCallback will always be called
+    with bp->framesPerTempBuffer samples.
+*/
+static unsigned long NonAdaptingProcess( PaUtilBufferProcessor *bp,
+        int *streamCallbackResult,
+        PaUtilChannelDescriptor *hostInputChannels,
+        PaUtilChannelDescriptor *hostOutputChannels,
+        unsigned long framesToProcess )
+{
+    void *userInput, *userOutput;
+    unsigned char *srcBytePtr, *destBytePtr;
+    unsigned int srcSampleStrideSamples; /* stride from one sample to the next within a channel, in samples */
+    unsigned int srcChannelStrideBytes; /* stride from one channel to the next, in bytes */
+    unsigned int destSampleStrideSamples; /* stride from one sample to the next within a channel, in samples */
+    unsigned int destChannelStrideBytes; /* stride from one channel to the next, in bytes */
+    unsigned int i;
+    unsigned long frameCount;
+    unsigned long framesToGo = framesToProcess;
+    unsigned long framesProcessed = 0;
+    int skipOutputConvert = 0;
+    int skipInputConvert = 0;
+
+
+    if( *streamCallbackResult == paContinue )
+    {
+        do
+        {
+            frameCount = PA_MIN_( bp->framesPerTempBuffer, framesToGo );
+
+            /* configure user input buffer and convert input data (host -> user) */
+            if( bp->inputChannelCount == 0 )
+            {
+                /* no input */
+                userInput = 0;
+            }
+            else /* there are input channels */
+            {
+
+                destBytePtr = (unsigned char *)bp->tempInputBuffer;
+
+                if( bp->userInputIsInterleaved )
+                {
+                    destSampleStrideSamples = bp->inputChannelCount;
+                    destChannelStrideBytes = bp->bytesPerUserInputSample;
+
+                    /* process host buffer directly, or use temp buffer if formats differ or host buffer non-interleaved,
+                     * or if num channels differs between the host (set in stride) and the user (eg with some Alsa hw:) */
+                    if( bp->userInputSampleFormatIsEqualToHost && bp->hostInputIsInterleaved
+                        && bp->hostInputChannels[0][0].data && bp->inputChannelCount == hostInputChannels[0].stride )
+                    {
+                        userInput = hostInputChannels[0].data;
+                        destBytePtr = (unsigned char *)hostInputChannels[0].data;
+                        skipInputConvert = 1;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        userInput = bp->tempInputBuffer;
+                    }
+                }
+                else /* user input is not interleaved */
+                {
+                    destSampleStrideSamples = 1;
+                    destChannelStrideBytes = frameCount * bp->bytesPerUserInputSample;
+
+                    /* setup non-interleaved ptrs */
+                    if( bp->userInputSampleFormatIsEqualToHost && !bp->hostInputIsInterleaved && bp->hostInputChannels[0][0].data )
+                    {
+                        for( i=0; i<bp->inputChannelCount; ++i )
+                        {
+                            bp->tempInputBufferPtrs[i] = hostInputChannels[i].data;
+                        }
+                        skipInputConvert = 1;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        for( i=0; i<bp->inputChannelCount; ++i )
+                        {
+                            bp->tempInputBufferPtrs[i] = ((unsigned char*)bp->tempInputBuffer) +
+                                i * bp->bytesPerUserInputSample * frameCount;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    userInput = bp->tempInputBufferPtrs;
+                }
+
+                if( !bp->hostInputChannels[0][0].data )
+                {
+                    /* no input was supplied (see PaUtil_SetNoInput), so
+                        zero the input buffer */
+
+                    for( i=0; i<bp->inputChannelCount; ++i )
+                    {
+                        bp->inputZeroer( destBytePtr, destSampleStrideSamples, frameCount );
+                        destBytePtr += destChannelStrideBytes;  /* skip to next destination channel */
+                    }
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    if( skipInputConvert )
+                    {
+                        for( i=0; i<bp->inputChannelCount; ++i )
+                        {
+                            /* advance src ptr for next iteration */
+                            hostInputChannels[i].data = ((unsigned char*)hostInputChannels[i].data) +
+                                    frameCount * hostInputChannels[i].stride * bp->bytesPerHostInputSample;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        for( i=0; i<bp->inputChannelCount; ++i )
+                        {
+                            bp->inputConverter( destBytePtr, destSampleStrideSamples,
+                                                    hostInputChannels[i].data,
+                                                    hostInputChannels[i].stride,
+                                                    frameCount, &bp->ditherGenerator );
+
+                            destBytePtr += destChannelStrideBytes;  /* skip to next destination channel */
+
+                            /* advance src ptr for next iteration */
+                            hostInputChannels[i].data = ((unsigned char*)hostInputChannels[i].data) +
+                                    frameCount * hostInputChannels[i].stride * bp->bytesPerHostInputSample;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            /* configure user output buffer */
+            if( bp->outputChannelCount == 0 )
+            {
+                /* no output */
+                userOutput = 0;
+            }
+            else /* there are output channels */
+            {
+                if( bp->userOutputIsInterleaved )
+                {
+                    /* process host buffer directly, or use temp buffer if formats differ or host buffer non-interleaved,
+                     * or if num channels differs between the host (set in stride) and the user (eg with some Alsa hw:) */
+                    if( bp->userOutputSampleFormatIsEqualToHost && bp->hostOutputIsInterleaved
+                            && bp->outputChannelCount == hostOutputChannels[0].stride )
+                    {
+                        userOutput = hostOutputChannels[0].data;
+                        skipOutputConvert = 1;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        userOutput = bp->tempOutputBuffer;
+                    }
+                }
+                else /* user output is not interleaved */
+                {
+                    if( bp->userOutputSampleFormatIsEqualToHost && !bp->hostOutputIsInterleaved )
+                    {
+                        for( i=0; i<bp->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+                        {
+                            bp->tempOutputBufferPtrs[i] = hostOutputChannels[i].data;
+                        }
+                        skipOutputConvert = 1;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        for( i=0; i<bp->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+                        {
+                            bp->tempOutputBufferPtrs[i] = ((unsigned char*)bp->tempOutputBuffer) +
+                                i * bp->bytesPerUserOutputSample * frameCount;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    userOutput = bp->tempOutputBufferPtrs;
+                }
+            }
+
+            *streamCallbackResult = bp->streamCallback( userInput, userOutput,
+                    frameCount, bp->timeInfo, bp->callbackStatusFlags, bp->userData );
+
+            if( *streamCallbackResult == paAbort )
+            {
+                /* callback returned paAbort, don't advance framesProcessed
+                        and framesToGo, they will be handled below */
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                bp->timeInfo->inputBufferAdcTime += frameCount * bp->samplePeriod;
+                bp->timeInfo->outputBufferDacTime += frameCount * bp->samplePeriod;
+
+                /* convert output data (user -> host) */
+
+                if( bp->outputChannelCount != 0 && bp->hostOutputChannels[0][0].data )
+                {
+                    if( skipOutputConvert )
+                    {
+                        for( i=0; i<bp->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+                        {
+                            /* advance dest ptr for next iteration */
+                            hostOutputChannels[i].data = ((unsigned char*)hostOutputChannels[i].data) +
+                                    frameCount * hostOutputChannels[i].stride * bp->bytesPerHostOutputSample;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+
+                        srcBytePtr = (unsigned char *)bp->tempOutputBuffer;
+
+                        if( bp->userOutputIsInterleaved )
+                        {
+                            srcSampleStrideSamples = bp->outputChannelCount;
+                            srcChannelStrideBytes = bp->bytesPerUserOutputSample;
+                        }
+                        else /* user output is not interleaved */
+                        {
+                            srcSampleStrideSamples = 1;
+                            srcChannelStrideBytes = frameCount * bp->bytesPerUserOutputSample;
+                        }
+
+                        for( i=0; i<bp->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+                        {
+                            bp->outputConverter(    hostOutputChannels[i].data,
+                                                    hostOutputChannels[i].stride,
+                                                    srcBytePtr, srcSampleStrideSamples,
+                                                    frameCount, &bp->ditherGenerator );
+
+                            srcBytePtr += srcChannelStrideBytes;  /* skip to next source channel */
+
+                            /* advance dest ptr for next iteration */
+                            hostOutputChannels[i].data = ((unsigned char*)hostOutputChannels[i].data) +
+                                        frameCount * hostOutputChannels[i].stride * bp->bytesPerHostOutputSample;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                framesProcessed += frameCount;
+
+                framesToGo -= frameCount;
+            }
+        }
+        while( framesToGo > 0  && *streamCallbackResult == paContinue );
+    }
+
+    if( framesToGo > 0 )
+    {
+        /* zero any remaining frames output. There will only be remaining frames
+            if the callback has returned paComplete or paAbort */
+
+        frameCount = framesToGo;
+
+        if( bp->outputChannelCount != 0 && bp->hostOutputChannels[0][0].data )
+        {
+            for( i=0; i<bp->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+            {
+                bp->outputZeroer(   hostOutputChannels[i].data,
+                                    hostOutputChannels[i].stride,
+                                    frameCount );
+
+                /* advance dest ptr for next iteration */
+                hostOutputChannels[i].data = ((unsigned char*)hostOutputChannels[i].data) +
+                        frameCount * hostOutputChannels[i].stride * bp->bytesPerHostOutputSample;
+            }
+        }
+
+        framesProcessed += frameCount;
+    }
+
+    return framesProcessed;
+}
+
+
+/*
+    AdaptingInputOnlyProcess() is a half duplex input buffer processor. It
+    converts data from the input buffers into the temporary input buffer,
+    when the temporary input buffer is full, it calls the streamCallback.
+*/
+static unsigned long AdaptingInputOnlyProcess( PaUtilBufferProcessor *bp,
+        int *streamCallbackResult,
+        PaUtilChannelDescriptor *hostInputChannels,
+        unsigned long framesToProcess )
+{
+    void *userInput, *userOutput;
+    unsigned char *destBytePtr;
+    unsigned int destSampleStrideSamples; /* stride from one sample to the next within a channel, in samples */
+    unsigned int destChannelStrideBytes; /* stride from one channel to the next, in bytes */
+    unsigned int i;
+    unsigned long frameCount;
+    unsigned long framesToGo = framesToProcess;
+    unsigned long framesProcessed = 0;
+
+    userOutput = 0;
+
+    do
+    {
+        frameCount = ( bp->framesInTempInputBuffer + framesToGo > bp->framesPerUserBuffer )
+                ? ( bp->framesPerUserBuffer - bp->framesInTempInputBuffer )
+                : framesToGo;
+
+        /* convert frameCount samples into temp buffer */
+
+        if( bp->userInputIsInterleaved )
+        {
+            destBytePtr = ((unsigned char*)bp->tempInputBuffer) +
+                    bp->bytesPerUserInputSample * bp->inputChannelCount *
+                    bp->framesInTempInputBuffer;
+
+            destSampleStrideSamples = bp->inputChannelCount;
+            destChannelStrideBytes = bp->bytesPerUserInputSample;
+
+            userInput = bp->tempInputBuffer;
+        }
+        else /* user input is not interleaved */
+        {
+            destBytePtr = ((unsigned char*)bp->tempInputBuffer) +
+                    bp->bytesPerUserInputSample * bp->framesInTempInputBuffer;
+
+            destSampleStrideSamples = 1;
+            destChannelStrideBytes = bp->framesPerUserBuffer * bp->bytesPerUserInputSample;
+
+            /* setup non-interleaved ptrs */
+            for( i=0; i<bp->inputChannelCount; ++i )
+            {
+                bp->tempInputBufferPtrs[i] = ((unsigned char*)bp->tempInputBuffer) +
+                    i * bp->bytesPerUserInputSample * bp->framesPerUserBuffer;
+            }
+
+            userInput = bp->tempInputBufferPtrs;
+        }
+
+        for( i=0; i<bp->inputChannelCount; ++i )
+        {
+            bp->inputConverter( destBytePtr, destSampleStrideSamples,
+                                    hostInputChannels[i].data,
+                                    hostInputChannels[i].stride,
+                                    frameCount, &bp->ditherGenerator );
+
+            destBytePtr += destChannelStrideBytes;  /* skip to next destination channel */
+
+            /* advance src ptr for next iteration */
+            hostInputChannels[i].data = ((unsigned char*)hostInputChannels[i].data) +
+                    frameCount * hostInputChannels[i].stride * bp->bytesPerHostInputSample;
+        }
+
+        bp->framesInTempInputBuffer += frameCount;
+
+        if( bp->framesInTempInputBuffer == bp->framesPerUserBuffer )
+        {
+            /**
+            @todo (non-critical optimisation)
+            The conditional below implements the continue/complete/abort mechanism
+            simply by continuing on iterating through the input buffer, but not
+            passing the data to the callback. With care, the outer loop could be
+            terminated earlier, thus some unneeded conversion cycles would be
+            saved.
+            */
+            if( *streamCallbackResult == paContinue )
+            {
+                bp->timeInfo->outputBufferDacTime = 0;
+
+                *streamCallbackResult = bp->streamCallback( userInput, userOutput,
+                        bp->framesPerUserBuffer, bp->timeInfo,
+                        bp->callbackStatusFlags, bp->userData );
+
+                bp->timeInfo->inputBufferAdcTime += bp->framesPerUserBuffer * bp->samplePeriod;
+            }
+
+            bp->framesInTempInputBuffer = 0;
+        }
+
+        framesProcessed += frameCount;
+
+        framesToGo -= frameCount;
+    }while( framesToGo > 0 );
+
+    return framesProcessed;
+}
+
+
+/*
+    AdaptingOutputOnlyProcess() is a half duplex output buffer processor.
+    It converts data from the temporary output buffer, to the output buffers,
+    when the temporary output buffer is empty, it calls the streamCallback.
+*/
+static unsigned long AdaptingOutputOnlyProcess( PaUtilBufferProcessor *bp,
+        int *streamCallbackResult,
+        PaUtilChannelDescriptor *hostOutputChannels,
+        unsigned long framesToProcess )
+{
+    void *userInput, *userOutput;
+    unsigned char *srcBytePtr;
+    unsigned int srcSampleStrideSamples; /* stride from one sample to the next within a channel, in samples */
+    unsigned int srcChannelStrideBytes;  /* stride from one channel to the next, in bytes */
+    unsigned int i;
+    unsigned long frameCount;
+    unsigned long framesToGo = framesToProcess;
+    unsigned long framesProcessed = 0;
+
+    do
+    {
+        if( bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer == 0 && *streamCallbackResult == paContinue )
+        {
+            userInput = 0;
+
+            /* setup userOutput */
+            if( bp->userOutputIsInterleaved )
+            {
+                userOutput = bp->tempOutputBuffer;
+            }
+            else /* user output is not interleaved */
+            {
+                for( i = 0; i < bp->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+                {
+                    bp->tempOutputBufferPtrs[i] = ((unsigned char*)bp->tempOutputBuffer) +
+                            i * bp->framesPerUserBuffer * bp->bytesPerUserOutputSample;
+                }
+
+                userOutput = bp->tempOutputBufferPtrs;
+            }
+
+            bp->timeInfo->inputBufferAdcTime = 0;
+
+            *streamCallbackResult = bp->streamCallback( userInput, userOutput,
+                    bp->framesPerUserBuffer, bp->timeInfo,
+                    bp->callbackStatusFlags, bp->userData );
+
+            if( *streamCallbackResult == paAbort )
+            {
+                /* if the callback returned paAbort, we disregard its output */
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                bp->timeInfo->outputBufferDacTime += bp->framesPerUserBuffer * bp->samplePeriod;
+
+                bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer = bp->framesPerUserBuffer;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if( bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer > 0 )
+        {
+            /* convert frameCount frames from user buffer to host buffer */
+
+            frameCount = PA_MIN_( bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer, framesToGo );
+
+            if( bp->userOutputIsInterleaved )
+            {
+                srcBytePtr = ((unsigned char*)bp->tempOutputBuffer) +
+                        bp->bytesPerUserOutputSample * bp->outputChannelCount *
+                        (bp->framesPerUserBuffer - bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer);
+
+                srcSampleStrideSamples = bp->outputChannelCount;
+                srcChannelStrideBytes = bp->bytesPerUserOutputSample;
+            }
+            else /* user output is not interleaved */
+            {
+                srcBytePtr = ((unsigned char*)bp->tempOutputBuffer) +
+                        bp->bytesPerUserOutputSample *
+                        (bp->framesPerUserBuffer - bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer);
+
+                srcSampleStrideSamples = 1;
+                srcChannelStrideBytes = bp->framesPerUserBuffer * bp->bytesPerUserOutputSample;
+            }
+
+            for( i=0; i<bp->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+            {
+                bp->outputConverter(    hostOutputChannels[i].data,
+                                        hostOutputChannels[i].stride,
+                                        srcBytePtr, srcSampleStrideSamples,
+                                        frameCount, &bp->ditherGenerator );
+
+                srcBytePtr += srcChannelStrideBytes;  /* skip to next source channel */
+
+                /* advance dest ptr for next iteration */
+                hostOutputChannels[i].data = ((unsigned char*)hostOutputChannels[i].data) +
+                        frameCount * hostOutputChannels[i].stride * bp->bytesPerHostOutputSample;
+            }
+
+            bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer -= frameCount;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            /* no more user data is available because the callback has returned
+                paComplete or paAbort. Fill the remainder of the host buffer
+                with zeros.
+            */
+
+            frameCount = framesToGo;
+
+            for( i=0; i<bp->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+            {
+                bp->outputZeroer(   hostOutputChannels[i].data,
+                                    hostOutputChannels[i].stride,
+                                    frameCount );
+
+                /* advance dest ptr for next iteration */
+                hostOutputChannels[i].data = ((unsigned char*)hostOutputChannels[i].data) +
+                        frameCount * hostOutputChannels[i].stride * bp->bytesPerHostOutputSample;
+            }
+        }
+
+        framesProcessed += frameCount;
+
+        framesToGo -= frameCount;
+
+    }while( framesToGo > 0 );
+
+    return framesProcessed;
+}
+
+/* CopyTempOutputBuffersToHostOutputBuffers is called from AdaptingProcess to copy frames from
+    tempOutputBuffer to hostOutputChannels. This includes data conversion
+    and interleaving.
+*/
+static void CopyTempOutputBuffersToHostOutputBuffers( PaUtilBufferProcessor *bp)
+{
+    unsigned long maxFramesToCopy;
+    PaUtilChannelDescriptor *hostOutputChannels;
+    unsigned int frameCount;
+    unsigned char *srcBytePtr;
+    unsigned int srcSampleStrideSamples; /* stride from one sample to the next within a channel, in samples */
+    unsigned int srcChannelStrideBytes; /* stride from one channel to the next, in bytes */
+    unsigned int i;
+
+    /* copy frames from user to host output buffers */
+    while( bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer > 0 &&
+            ((bp->hostOutputFrameCount[0] + bp->hostOutputFrameCount[1]) > 0) )
+    {
+        maxFramesToCopy = bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer;
+
+        /* select the output buffer set (1st or 2nd) */
+        if( bp->hostOutputFrameCount[0] > 0 )
+        {
+            hostOutputChannels = bp->hostOutputChannels[0];
+            frameCount = PA_MIN_( bp->hostOutputFrameCount[0], maxFramesToCopy );
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            hostOutputChannels = bp->hostOutputChannels[1];
+            frameCount = PA_MIN_( bp->hostOutputFrameCount[1], maxFramesToCopy );
+        }
+
+        if( bp->userOutputIsInterleaved )
+        {
+            srcBytePtr = ((unsigned char*)bp->tempOutputBuffer) +
+                    bp->bytesPerUserOutputSample * bp->outputChannelCount *
+                    (bp->framesPerUserBuffer - bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer);
+
+            srcSampleStrideSamples = bp->outputChannelCount;
+            srcChannelStrideBytes = bp->bytesPerUserOutputSample;
+        }
+        else /* user output is not interleaved */
+        {
+            srcBytePtr = ((unsigned char*)bp->tempOutputBuffer) +
+                    bp->bytesPerUserOutputSample *
+                    (bp->framesPerUserBuffer - bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer);
+
+            srcSampleStrideSamples = 1;
+            srcChannelStrideBytes = bp->framesPerUserBuffer * bp->bytesPerUserOutputSample;
+        }
+
+        for( i=0; i<bp->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+        {
+            assert( hostOutputChannels[i].data != NULL );
+            bp->outputConverter(    hostOutputChannels[i].data,
+                                    hostOutputChannels[i].stride,
+                                    srcBytePtr, srcSampleStrideSamples,
+                                    frameCount, &bp->ditherGenerator );
+
+            srcBytePtr += srcChannelStrideBytes;  /* skip to next source channel */
+
+            /* advance dest ptr for next iteration */
+            hostOutputChannels[i].data = ((unsigned char*)hostOutputChannels[i].data) +
+                    frameCount * hostOutputChannels[i].stride * bp->bytesPerHostOutputSample;
+        }
+
+        if( bp->hostOutputFrameCount[0] > 0 )
+            bp->hostOutputFrameCount[0] -= frameCount;
+        else
+            bp->hostOutputFrameCount[1] -= frameCount;
+
+        bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer -= frameCount;
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+    AdaptingProcess is a full duplex adapting buffer processor. It converts
+    data from the temporary output buffer into the host output buffers, then
+    from the host input buffers into the temporary input buffers. Calling the
+    streamCallback when necessary.
+    When processPartialUserBuffers is 0, all available input data will be
+    consumed and all available output space will be filled. When
+    processPartialUserBuffers is non-zero, as many full user buffers
+    as possible will be processed, but partial buffers will not be consumed.
+*/
+static unsigned long AdaptingProcess( PaUtilBufferProcessor *bp,
+        int *streamCallbackResult, int processPartialUserBuffers )
+{
+    void *userInput, *userOutput;
+    unsigned long framesProcessed = 0;
+    unsigned long framesAvailable;
+    unsigned long endProcessingMinFrameCount;
+    unsigned long maxFramesToCopy;
+    PaUtilChannelDescriptor *hostInputChannels, *hostOutputChannels;
+    unsigned int frameCount;
+    unsigned char *destBytePtr;
+    unsigned int destSampleStrideSamples; /* stride from one sample to the next within a channel, in samples */
+    unsigned int destChannelStrideBytes; /* stride from one channel to the next, in bytes */
+    unsigned int i, j;
+
+
+    framesAvailable = bp->hostInputFrameCount[0] + bp->hostInputFrameCount[1];/* this is assumed to be the same as the output buffer's frame count */
+
+    if( processPartialUserBuffers )
+        endProcessingMinFrameCount = 0;
+    else
+        endProcessingMinFrameCount = (bp->framesPerUserBuffer - 1);
+
+    /* Fill host output with remaining frames in user output (tempOutputBuffer) */
+    CopyTempOutputBuffersToHostOutputBuffers( bp );
+
+    while( framesAvailable > endProcessingMinFrameCount )
+    {
+
+        if( bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer == 0 && *streamCallbackResult != paContinue )
+        {
+            /* the callback will not be called any more, so zero what remains
+                of the host output buffers */
+
+            for( i=0; i<2; ++i )
+            {
+                frameCount = bp->hostOutputFrameCount[i];
+                if( frameCount > 0 )
+                {
+                    hostOutputChannels = bp->hostOutputChannels[i];
+
+                    for( j=0; j<bp->outputChannelCount; ++j )
+                    {
+                        bp->outputZeroer(   hostOutputChannels[j].data,
+                                            hostOutputChannels[j].stride,
+                                            frameCount );
+
+                        /* advance dest ptr for next iteration  */
+                        hostOutputChannels[j].data = ((unsigned char*)hostOutputChannels[j].data) +
+                                frameCount * hostOutputChannels[j].stride * bp->bytesPerHostOutputSample;
+                    }
+                    bp->hostOutputFrameCount[i] = 0;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+
+        /* copy frames from host to user input buffers */
+        while( bp->framesInTempInputBuffer < bp->framesPerUserBuffer &&
+                ((bp->hostInputFrameCount[0] + bp->hostInputFrameCount[1]) > 0) )
+        {
+            maxFramesToCopy = bp->framesPerUserBuffer - bp->framesInTempInputBuffer;
+
+            /* select the input buffer set (1st or 2nd) */
+            if( bp->hostInputFrameCount[0] > 0 )
+            {
+                hostInputChannels = bp->hostInputChannels[0];
+                frameCount = PA_MIN_( bp->hostInputFrameCount[0], maxFramesToCopy );
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                hostInputChannels = bp->hostInputChannels[1];
+                frameCount = PA_MIN_( bp->hostInputFrameCount[1], maxFramesToCopy );
+            }
+
+            /* configure conversion destination pointers */
+            if( bp->userInputIsInterleaved )
+            {
+                destBytePtr = ((unsigned char*)bp->tempInputBuffer) +
+                        bp->bytesPerUserInputSample * bp->inputChannelCount *
+                        bp->framesInTempInputBuffer;
+
+                destSampleStrideSamples = bp->inputChannelCount;
+                destChannelStrideBytes = bp->bytesPerUserInputSample;
+            }
+            else /* user input is not interleaved */
+            {
+                destBytePtr = ((unsigned char*)bp->tempInputBuffer) +
+                        bp->bytesPerUserInputSample * bp->framesInTempInputBuffer;
+
+                destSampleStrideSamples = 1;
+                destChannelStrideBytes = bp->framesPerUserBuffer * bp->bytesPerUserInputSample;
+            }
+
+            for( i=0; i<bp->inputChannelCount; ++i )
+            {
+                bp->inputConverter( destBytePtr, destSampleStrideSamples,
+                                        hostInputChannels[i].data,
+                                        hostInputChannels[i].stride,
+                                        frameCount, &bp->ditherGenerator );
+
+                destBytePtr += destChannelStrideBytes;  /* skip to next destination channel */
+
+                /* advance src ptr for next iteration */
+                hostInputChannels[i].data = ((unsigned char*)hostInputChannels[i].data) +
+                        frameCount * hostInputChannels[i].stride * bp->bytesPerHostInputSample;
+            }
+
+            if( bp->hostInputFrameCount[0] > 0 )
+                bp->hostInputFrameCount[0] -= frameCount;
+            else
+                bp->hostInputFrameCount[1] -= frameCount;
+
+            bp->framesInTempInputBuffer += frameCount;
+
+            /* update framesAvailable and framesProcessed based on input consumed
+                unless something is very wrong this will also correspond to the
+                amount of output generated */
+            framesAvailable -= frameCount;
+            framesProcessed += frameCount;
+        }
+
+        /* call streamCallback */
+        if( bp->framesInTempInputBuffer == bp->framesPerUserBuffer &&
+            bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer == 0 )
+        {
+            if( *streamCallbackResult == paContinue )
+            {
+                /* setup userInput */
+                if( bp->userInputIsInterleaved )
+                {
+                    userInput = bp->tempInputBuffer;
+                }
+                else /* user input is not interleaved */
+                {
+                    for( i = 0; i < bp->inputChannelCount; ++i )
+                    {
+                        bp->tempInputBufferPtrs[i] = ((unsigned char*)bp->tempInputBuffer) +
+                                i * bp->framesPerUserBuffer * bp->bytesPerUserInputSample;
+                    }
+
+                    userInput = bp->tempInputBufferPtrs;
+                }
+
+                /* setup userOutput */
+                if( bp->userOutputIsInterleaved )
+                {
+                    userOutput = bp->tempOutputBuffer;
+                }
+                else /* user output is not interleaved */
+                {
+                    for( i = 0; i < bp->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+                    {
+                        bp->tempOutputBufferPtrs[i] = ((unsigned char*)bp->tempOutputBuffer) +
+                                i * bp->framesPerUserBuffer * bp->bytesPerUserOutputSample;
+                    }
+
+                    userOutput = bp->tempOutputBufferPtrs;
+                }
+
+                /* call streamCallback */
+
+                *streamCallbackResult = bp->streamCallback( userInput, userOutput,
+                        bp->framesPerUserBuffer, bp->timeInfo,
+                        bp->callbackStatusFlags, bp->userData );
+
+                bp->timeInfo->inputBufferAdcTime += bp->framesPerUserBuffer * bp->samplePeriod;
+                bp->timeInfo->outputBufferDacTime += bp->framesPerUserBuffer * bp->samplePeriod;
+
+                bp->framesInTempInputBuffer = 0;
+
+                if( *streamCallbackResult == paAbort )
+                    bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer = 0;
+                else
+                    bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer = bp->framesPerUserBuffer;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                /* paComplete or paAbort has already been called. */
+
+                bp->framesInTempInputBuffer = 0;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* copy frames from user (tempOutputBuffer) to host output buffers (hostOutputChannels)
+           Means to process the user output provided by the callback. Has to be called after
+            each callback. */
+        CopyTempOutputBuffersToHostOutputBuffers( bp );
+
+    }
+
+    return framesProcessed;
+}
+
+
+unsigned long PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp, int *streamCallbackResult )
+{
+    unsigned long framesToProcess, framesToGo;
+    unsigned long framesProcessed = 0;
+
+    if( bp->inputChannelCount != 0 && bp->outputChannelCount != 0
+            && bp->hostInputChannels[0][0].data /* input was supplied (see PaUtil_SetNoInput) */
+            && bp->hostOutputChannels[0][0].data /* output was supplied (see PaUtil_SetNoOutput) */ )
+    {
+        assert( (bp->hostInputFrameCount[0] + bp->hostInputFrameCount[1]) ==
+                (bp->hostOutputFrameCount[0] + bp->hostOutputFrameCount[1]) );
+    }
+
+    assert( *streamCallbackResult == paContinue
+            || *streamCallbackResult == paComplete
+            || *streamCallbackResult == paAbort ); /* don't forget to pass in a valid callback result value */
+
+    if( bp->useNonAdaptingProcess )
+    {
+        if( bp->inputChannelCount != 0 && bp->outputChannelCount != 0 )
+        {
+            /* full duplex non-adapting process, splice buffers if they are
+                different lengths */
+
+            framesToGo = bp->hostOutputFrameCount[0] + bp->hostOutputFrameCount[1]; /* relies on assert above for input/output equivalence */
+
+            do{
+                unsigned long noInputInputFrameCount;
+                unsigned long *hostInputFrameCount;
+                PaUtilChannelDescriptor *hostInputChannels;
+                unsigned long noOutputOutputFrameCount;
+                unsigned long *hostOutputFrameCount;
+                PaUtilChannelDescriptor *hostOutputChannels;
+                unsigned long framesProcessedThisIteration;
+
+                if( !bp->hostInputChannels[0][0].data )
+                {
+                    /* no input was supplied (see PaUtil_SetNoInput)
+                        NonAdaptingProcess knows how to deal with this
+                    */
+                    noInputInputFrameCount = framesToGo;
+                    hostInputFrameCount = &noInputInputFrameCount;
+                    hostInputChannels = 0;
+                }
+                else if( bp->hostInputFrameCount[0] != 0 )
+                {
+                    hostInputFrameCount = &bp->hostInputFrameCount[0];
+                    hostInputChannels = bp->hostInputChannels[0];
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    hostInputFrameCount = &bp->hostInputFrameCount[1];
+                    hostInputChannels = bp->hostInputChannels[1];
+                }
+
+                if( !bp->hostOutputChannels[0][0].data )
+                {
+                    /* no output was supplied (see PaUtil_SetNoOutput)
+                        NonAdaptingProcess knows how to deal with this
+                    */
+                    noOutputOutputFrameCount = framesToGo;
+                    hostOutputFrameCount = &noOutputOutputFrameCount;
+                    hostOutputChannels = 0;
+                }
+                if( bp->hostOutputFrameCount[0] != 0 )
+                {
+                    hostOutputFrameCount = &bp->hostOutputFrameCount[0];
+                    hostOutputChannels = bp->hostOutputChannels[0];
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    hostOutputFrameCount = &bp->hostOutputFrameCount[1];
+                    hostOutputChannels = bp->hostOutputChannels[1];
+                }
+
+                framesToProcess = PA_MIN_( *hostInputFrameCount,
+                                       *hostOutputFrameCount );
+
+                assert( framesToProcess != 0 );
+
+                framesProcessedThisIteration = NonAdaptingProcess( bp, streamCallbackResult,
+                        hostInputChannels, hostOutputChannels,
+                        framesToProcess );
+
+                *hostInputFrameCount -= framesProcessedThisIteration;
+                *hostOutputFrameCount -= framesProcessedThisIteration;
+
+                framesProcessed += framesProcessedThisIteration;
+                framesToGo -= framesProcessedThisIteration;
+
+            }while( framesToGo > 0 );
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            /* half duplex non-adapting process, just process 1st and 2nd buffer */
+            /* process first buffer */
+
+            framesToProcess = (bp->inputChannelCount != 0)
+                            ? bp->hostInputFrameCount[0]
+                            : bp->hostOutputFrameCount[0];
+
+            framesProcessed = NonAdaptingProcess( bp, streamCallbackResult,
+                        bp->hostInputChannels[0], bp->hostOutputChannels[0],
+                        framesToProcess );
+
+            /* process second buffer if provided */
+
+            framesToProcess = (bp->inputChannelCount != 0)
+                            ? bp->hostInputFrameCount[1]
+                            : bp->hostOutputFrameCount[1];
+            if( framesToProcess > 0 )
+            {
+                framesProcessed += NonAdaptingProcess( bp, streamCallbackResult,
+                    bp->hostInputChannels[1], bp->hostOutputChannels[1],
+                    framesToProcess );
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else /* block adaption necessary*/
+    {
+
+        if( bp->inputChannelCount != 0 && bp->outputChannelCount != 0 )
+        {
+            /* full duplex */
+
+            if( bp->hostBufferSizeMode == paUtilVariableHostBufferSizePartialUsageAllowed  )
+            {
+                framesProcessed = AdaptingProcess( bp, streamCallbackResult,
+                        0 /* dont process partial user buffers */ );
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                framesProcessed = AdaptingProcess( bp, streamCallbackResult,
+                        1 /* process partial user buffers */ );
+            }
+        }
+        else if( bp->inputChannelCount != 0 )
+        {
+            /* input only */
+            framesToProcess = bp->hostInputFrameCount[0];
+
+            framesProcessed = AdaptingInputOnlyProcess( bp, streamCallbackResult,
+                        bp->hostInputChannels[0], framesToProcess );
+
+            framesToProcess = bp->hostInputFrameCount[1];
+            if( framesToProcess > 0 )
+            {
+                framesProcessed += AdaptingInputOnlyProcess( bp, streamCallbackResult,
+                        bp->hostInputChannels[1], framesToProcess );
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            /* output only */
+            framesToProcess = bp->hostOutputFrameCount[0];
+
+            framesProcessed = AdaptingOutputOnlyProcess( bp, streamCallbackResult,
+                        bp->hostOutputChannels[0], framesToProcess );
+
+            framesToProcess = bp->hostOutputFrameCount[1];
+            if( framesToProcess > 0 )
+            {
+                framesProcessed += AdaptingOutputOnlyProcess( bp, streamCallbackResult,
+                        bp->hostOutputChannels[1], framesToProcess );
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return framesProcessed;
+}
+
+
+int PaUtil_IsBufferProcessorOutputEmpty( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp )
+{
+    return (bp->framesInTempOutputBuffer) ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+
+unsigned long PaUtil_CopyInput( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        void **buffer, unsigned long frameCount )
+{
+    PaUtilChannelDescriptor *hostInputChannels;
+    unsigned int framesToCopy;
+    unsigned char *destBytePtr;
+    void **nonInterleavedDestPtrs;
+    unsigned int destSampleStrideSamples; /* stride from one sample to the next within a channel, in samples */
+    unsigned int destChannelStrideBytes; /* stride from one channel to the next, in bytes */
+    unsigned int i;
+
+    hostInputChannels = bp->hostInputChannels[0];
+    framesToCopy = PA_MIN_( bp->hostInputFrameCount[0], frameCount );
+
+    if( bp->userInputIsInterleaved )
+    {
+        destBytePtr = (unsigned char*)*buffer;
+
+        destSampleStrideSamples = bp->inputChannelCount;
+        destChannelStrideBytes = bp->bytesPerUserInputSample;
+
+        for( i=0; i<bp->inputChannelCount; ++i )
+        {
+            bp->inputConverter( destBytePtr, destSampleStrideSamples,
+                                hostInputChannels[i].data,
+                                hostInputChannels[i].stride,
+                                framesToCopy, &bp->ditherGenerator );
+
+            destBytePtr += destChannelStrideBytes;  /* skip to next dest channel */
+
+            /* advance source ptr for next iteration */
+            hostInputChannels[i].data = ((unsigned char*)hostInputChannels[i].data) +
+                    framesToCopy * hostInputChannels[i].stride * bp->bytesPerHostInputSample;
+        }
+
+        /* advance callers dest pointer (buffer) */
+        *buffer = ((unsigned char *)*buffer) +
+                framesToCopy * bp->inputChannelCount * bp->bytesPerUserInputSample;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* user input is not interleaved */
+
+        nonInterleavedDestPtrs = (void**)*buffer;
+
+        destSampleStrideSamples = 1;
+
+        for( i=0; i<bp->inputChannelCount; ++i )
+        {
+            destBytePtr = (unsigned char*)nonInterleavedDestPtrs[i];
+
+            bp->inputConverter( destBytePtr, destSampleStrideSamples,
+                                hostInputChannels[i].data,
+                                hostInputChannels[i].stride,
+                                framesToCopy, &bp->ditherGenerator );
+
+            /* advance callers dest pointer (nonInterleavedDestPtrs[i]) */
+            destBytePtr += bp->bytesPerUserInputSample * framesToCopy;
+            nonInterleavedDestPtrs[i] = destBytePtr;
+
+            /* advance source ptr for next iteration */
+            hostInputChannels[i].data = ((unsigned char*)hostInputChannels[i].data) +
+                    framesToCopy * hostInputChannels[i].stride * bp->bytesPerHostInputSample;
+        }
+    }
+
+    bp->hostInputFrameCount[0] -= framesToCopy;
+
+    return framesToCopy;
+}
+
+unsigned long PaUtil_CopyOutput( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp,
+        const void ** buffer, unsigned long frameCount )
+{
+    PaUtilChannelDescriptor *hostOutputChannels;
+    unsigned int framesToCopy;
+    unsigned char *srcBytePtr;
+    void **nonInterleavedSrcPtrs;
+    unsigned int srcSampleStrideSamples; /* stride from one sample to the next within a channel, in samples */
+    unsigned int srcChannelStrideBytes; /* stride from one channel to the next, in bytes */
+    unsigned int i;
+
+    hostOutputChannels = bp->hostOutputChannels[0];
+    framesToCopy = PA_MIN_( bp->hostOutputFrameCount[0], frameCount );
+
+    if( bp->userOutputIsInterleaved )
+    {
+        srcBytePtr = (unsigned char*)*buffer;
+
+        srcSampleStrideSamples = bp->outputChannelCount;
+        srcChannelStrideBytes = bp->bytesPerUserOutputSample;
+
+        for( i=0; i<bp->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+        {
+            bp->outputConverter(    hostOutputChannels[i].data,
+                                    hostOutputChannels[i].stride,
+                                    srcBytePtr, srcSampleStrideSamples,
+                                    framesToCopy, &bp->ditherGenerator );
+
+            srcBytePtr += srcChannelStrideBytes;  /* skip to next source channel */
+
+            /* advance dest ptr for next iteration */
+            hostOutputChannels[i].data = ((unsigned char*)hostOutputChannels[i].data) +
+                    framesToCopy * hostOutputChannels[i].stride * bp->bytesPerHostOutputSample;
+        }
+
+        /* advance callers source pointer (buffer) */
+        *buffer = ((unsigned char *)*buffer) +
+                framesToCopy * bp->outputChannelCount * bp->bytesPerUserOutputSample;
+
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* user output is not interleaved */
+
+        nonInterleavedSrcPtrs = (void**)*buffer;
+
+        srcSampleStrideSamples = 1;
+
+        for( i=0; i<bp->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+        {
+            srcBytePtr = (unsigned char*)nonInterleavedSrcPtrs[i];
+
+            bp->outputConverter(    hostOutputChannels[i].data,
+                                    hostOutputChannels[i].stride,
+                                    srcBytePtr, srcSampleStrideSamples,
+                                    framesToCopy, &bp->ditherGenerator );
+
+
+            /* advance callers source pointer (nonInterleavedSrcPtrs[i]) */
+            srcBytePtr += bp->bytesPerUserOutputSample * framesToCopy;
+            nonInterleavedSrcPtrs[i] = srcBytePtr;
+
+            /* advance dest ptr for next iteration */
+            hostOutputChannels[i].data = ((unsigned char*)hostOutputChannels[i].data) +
+                    framesToCopy * hostOutputChannels[i].stride * bp->bytesPerHostOutputSample;
+        }
+    }
+
+    bp->hostOutputFrameCount[0] += framesToCopy;
+
+    return framesToCopy;
+}
+
+
+unsigned long PaUtil_ZeroOutput( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bp, unsigned long frameCount )
+{
+    PaUtilChannelDescriptor *hostOutputChannels;
+    unsigned int framesToZero;
+    unsigned int i;
+
+    hostOutputChannels = bp->hostOutputChannels[0];
+    framesToZero = PA_MIN_( bp->hostOutputFrameCount[0], frameCount );
+
+    for( i=0; i<bp->outputChannelCount; ++i )
+    {
+        bp->outputZeroer(   hostOutputChannels[i].data,
+                            hostOutputChannels[i].stride,
+                            framesToZero );
+
+
+        /* advance dest ptr for next iteration */
+        hostOutputChannels[i].data = ((unsigned char*)hostOutputChannels[i].data) +
+                framesToZero * hostOutputChannels[i].stride * bp->bytesPerHostOutputSample;
+    }
+
+    bp->hostOutputFrameCount[0] += framesToZero;
+
+    return framesToZero;
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_process.h b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_process.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..444bdf5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_process.h
@@ -0,0 +1,754 @@
+#ifndef PA_PROCESS_H
+#define PA_PROCESS_H
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library callback buffer processing adapters
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Phil Burk, Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+
+ @brief Buffer Processor prototypes. A Buffer Processor performs buffer length
+ adaption, coordinates sample format conversion, and interleaves/deinterleaves
+ channels.
+
+ <h3>Overview</h3>
+
+ The "Buffer Processor" (PaUtilBufferProcessor) manages conversion of audio
+ data from host buffers to user buffers and back again. Where required, the
+ buffer processor takes care of converting between host and user sample formats,
+ interleaving and deinterleaving multichannel buffers, and adapting between host
+ and user buffers with different lengths. The buffer processor may be used with
+ full and half duplex streams, for both callback streams and blocking read/write
+ streams.
+
+ One of the important capabilities provided by the buffer processor is
+ the ability to adapt between user and host buffer sizes of different lengths
+ with minimum latency. Although this task is relatively easy to perform when
+ the host buffer size is an integer multiple of the user buffer size, the
+ problem is more complicated when this is not the case - especially for
+ full-duplex callback streams. Where necessary the adaption is implemented by
+ internally buffering some input and/or output data. The buffer adation
+ algorithm used by the buffer processor was originally implemented by
+ Stephan Letz for the ASIO version of PortAudio, and is described in his
+ Callback_adaption_.pdf which is included in the distribution.
+
+ The buffer processor performs sample conversion using the functions provided
+ by pa_converters.c.
+
+ The following sections provide an overview of how to use the buffer processor.
+ Interested readers are advised to consult the host API implementations for
+ examples of buffer processor usage.
+
+
+ <h4>Initialization, resetting and termination</h4>
+
+ When a stream is opened, the buffer processor should be initialized using
+ PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor. This function initializes internal state
+ and allocates temporary buffers as necessary according to the supplied
+ configuration parameters. Some of the parameters correspond to those requested
+ by the user in their call to Pa_OpenStream(), others reflect the requirements
+ of the host API implementation - they indicate host buffer sizes, formats,
+ and the type of buffering which the Host API uses. The buffer processor should
+ be initialized for callback streams and blocking read/write streams.
+
+ Call PaUtil_ResetBufferProcessor to clear any sample data which is present
+ in the buffer processor before starting to use it (for example when
+ Pa_StartStream is called).
+
+ When the buffer processor is no longer used call
+ PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor.
+
+
+ <h4>Using the buffer processor for a callback stream</h4>
+
+ The buffer processor's role in a callback stream is to take host input buffers
+ process them with the stream callback, and fill host output buffers. For a
+ full duplex stream, the buffer processor handles input and output simultaneously
+ due to the requirements of the minimum-latency buffer adation algorithm.
+
+ When a host buffer becomes available, the implementation should call
+ the buffer processor to process the buffer. The buffer processor calls the
+ stream callback to consume and/or produce audio data as necessary. The buffer
+ processor will convert sample formats, interleave/deinterleave channels,
+ and slice or chunk the data to the appropriate buffer lengths according to
+ the requirements of the stream callback and the host API.
+
+ To process a host buffer (or a pair of host buffers for a full-duplex stream)
+ use the following calling sequence:
+
+ -# Call PaUtil_BeginBufferProcessing
+ -# For a stream which takes input:
+    - Call PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount with the number of frames in the host input
+        buffer.
+    - Call one of the following functions one or more times to tell the
+        buffer processor about the host input buffer(s): PaUtil_SetInputChannel,
+        PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels, PaUtil_SetNonInterleavedInputChannel.
+        Which function you call will depend on whether the host buffer(s) are
+        interleaved or not.
+    - If the available host data is split across two buffers (for example a
+        data range at the end of a circular buffer and another range at the
+        beginning of the circular buffer), also call
+        PaUtil_Set2ndInputFrameCount, PaUtil_Set2ndInputChannel,
+        PaUtil_Set2ndInterleavedInputChannels,
+        PaUtil_Set2ndNonInterleavedInputChannel as necessary to tell the buffer
+        processor about the second buffer.
+ -# For a stream which generates output:
+    - Call PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount with the number of frames in the host
+        output buffer.
+    - Call one of the following functions one or more times to tell the
+        buffer processor about the host output buffer(s): PaUtil_SetOutputChannel,
+        PaUtil_SetInterleavedOutputChannels, PaUtil_SetNonInterleavedOutputChannel.
+        Which function you call will depend on whether the host buffer(s) are
+        interleaved or not.
+    - If the available host output buffer space is split across two buffers
+        (for example a data range at the end of a circular buffer and another
+        range at the beginning of the circular buffer), call
+        PaUtil_Set2ndOutputFrameCount, PaUtil_Set2ndOutputChannel,
+        PaUtil_Set2ndInterleavedOutputChannels,
+        PaUtil_Set2ndNonInterleavedOutputChannel as necessary to tell the buffer
+        processor about the second buffer.
+ -# Call PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing, this function performs the actual data
+    conversion and processing.
+
+
+ <h4>Using the buffer processor for a blocking read/write stream</h4>
+
+ Blocking read/write streams use the buffer processor to convert and copy user
+ output data to a host buffer, and to convert and copy host input data to
+ the user's buffer. The buffer processor does not perform any buffer adaption.
+ When using the buffer processor in a blocking read/write stream the input and
+ output conversion are performed separately by the PaUtil_CopyInput and
+ PaUtil_CopyOutput functions.
+
+ To copy data from a host input buffer to the buffer(s) which the user supplies
+ to Pa_ReadStream, use the following calling sequence.
+
+ - Repeat the following three steps until the user buffer(s) have been filled
+    with samples from the host input buffers:
+     -# Call PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount with the number of frames in the host
+        input buffer.
+     -# Call one of the following functions one or more times to tell the
+        buffer processor about the host input buffer(s): PaUtil_SetInputChannel,
+        PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels, PaUtil_SetNonInterleavedInputChannel.
+        Which function you call will depend on whether the host buffer(s) are
+        interleaved or not.
+     -# Call PaUtil_CopyInput with the user buffer pointer (or a copy of the
+        array of buffer pointers for a non-interleaved stream) passed to
+        Pa_ReadStream, along with the number of frames in the user buffer(s).
+        Be careful to pass a <i>copy</i> of the user buffer pointers to
+        PaUtil_CopyInput because PaUtil_CopyInput advances the pointers to
+        the start of the next region to copy.
+ - PaUtil_CopyInput will not copy more data than is available in the
+    host buffer(s), so the above steps need to be repeated until the user
+    buffer(s) are full.
+
+
+ To copy data to the host output buffer from the user buffers(s) supplied
+ to Pa_WriteStream use the following calling sequence.
+
+ - Repeat the following three steps until all frames from the user buffer(s)
+    have been copied to the host API:
+     -# Call PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount with the number of frames in the host
+        output buffer.
+     -# Call one of the following functions one or more times to tell the
+        buffer processor about the host output buffer(s): PaUtil_SetOutputChannel,
+        PaUtil_SetInterleavedOutputChannels, PaUtil_SetNonInterleavedOutputChannel.
+        Which function you call will depend on whether the host buffer(s) are
+        interleaved or not.
+     -# Call PaUtil_CopyOutput with the user buffer pointer (or a copy of the
+        array of buffer pointers for a non-interleaved stream) passed to
+        Pa_WriteStream, along with the number of frames in the user buffer(s).
+        Be careful to pass a <i>copy</i> of the user buffer pointers to
+        PaUtil_CopyOutput because PaUtil_CopyOutput advances the pointers to
+        the start of the next region to copy.
+ - PaUtil_CopyOutput will not copy more data than fits in the host buffer(s),
+    so the above steps need to be repeated until all user data is copied.
+*/
+
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_converters.h"
+#include "pa_dither.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+/** @brief Mode flag passed to PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor indicating the type
+ of buffering that the host API uses.
+
+ The mode used depends on whether the host API or the implementation manages
+ the buffers, and how these buffers are used (scatter gather, circular buffer).
+*/
+typedef enum {
+/** The host buffer size is a fixed known size. */
+    paUtilFixedHostBufferSize,
+
+/** The host buffer size may vary, but has a known maximum size. */
+    paUtilBoundedHostBufferSize,
+
+/** Nothing is known about the host buffer size. */
+    paUtilUnknownHostBufferSize,
+
+/** The host buffer size varies, and the client does not require the buffer
+ processor to consume all of the input and fill all of the output buffer. This
+ is useful when the implementation has access to the host API's circular buffer
+ and only needs to consume/fill some of it, not necessarily all of it, with each
+ call to the buffer processor. This is the only mode where
+ PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing() may not consume the whole buffer.
+*/
+    paUtilVariableHostBufferSizePartialUsageAllowed
+}PaUtilHostBufferSizeMode;
+
+
+/** @brief An auxiliary data structure used internally by the buffer processor
+ to represent host input and output buffers. */
+typedef struct PaUtilChannelDescriptor{
+    void *data;
+    unsigned int stride;  /**< stride in samples, not bytes */
+}PaUtilChannelDescriptor;
+
+
+/** @brief The main buffer processor data structure.
+
+ Allocate one of these, initialize it with PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor
+ and terminate it with PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor.
+*/
+typedef struct {
+    unsigned long framesPerUserBuffer;
+    unsigned long framesPerHostBuffer;
+
+    PaUtilHostBufferSizeMode hostBufferSizeMode;
+    int useNonAdaptingProcess;
+    int userOutputSampleFormatIsEqualToHost;
+    int userInputSampleFormatIsEqualToHost;
+    unsigned long framesPerTempBuffer;
+
+    unsigned int inputChannelCount;
+    unsigned int bytesPerHostInputSample;
+    unsigned int bytesPerUserInputSample;
+    int userInputIsInterleaved;
+    PaUtilConverter *inputConverter;
+    PaUtilZeroer *inputZeroer;
+
+    unsigned int outputChannelCount;
+    unsigned int bytesPerHostOutputSample;
+    unsigned int bytesPerUserOutputSample;
+    int userOutputIsInterleaved;
+    PaUtilConverter *outputConverter;
+    PaUtilZeroer *outputZeroer;
+
+    unsigned long initialFramesInTempInputBuffer;
+    unsigned long initialFramesInTempOutputBuffer;
+
+    void *tempInputBuffer;          /**< used for slips, block adaption, and conversion. */
+    void **tempInputBufferPtrs;     /**< storage for non-interleaved buffer pointers, NULL for interleaved user input */
+    unsigned long framesInTempInputBuffer; /**< frames remaining in input buffer from previous adaption iteration */
+
+    void *tempOutputBuffer;         /**< used for slips, block adaption, and conversion. */
+    void **tempOutputBufferPtrs;    /**< storage for non-interleaved buffer pointers, NULL for interleaved user output */
+    unsigned long framesInTempOutputBuffer; /**< frames remaining in input buffer from previous adaption iteration */
+
+    PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo *timeInfo;
+
+    PaStreamCallbackFlags callbackStatusFlags;
+
+    int hostInputIsInterleaved;
+    unsigned long hostInputFrameCount[2];
+    PaUtilChannelDescriptor *hostInputChannels[2]; /**< pointers to arrays of channel descriptors.
+                                                        pointers are NULL for half-duplex output processing.
+                                                        hostInputChannels[i].data is NULL when the caller
+                                                        calls PaUtil_SetNoInput()
+                                                        */
+    int hostOutputIsInterleaved;
+    unsigned long hostOutputFrameCount[2];
+    PaUtilChannelDescriptor *hostOutputChannels[2]; /**< pointers to arrays of channel descriptors.
+                                                         pointers are NULL for half-duplex input processing.
+                                                         hostOutputChannels[i].data is NULL when the caller
+                                                         calls PaUtil_SetNoOutput()
+                                                         */
+
+    PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator ditherGenerator;
+
+    double samplePeriod;
+
+    PaStreamCallback *streamCallback;
+    void *userData;
+} PaUtilBufferProcessor;
+
+
+/** @name Initialization, termination, resetting and info */
+/*@{*/
+
+/** Initialize a buffer processor's representation stored in a
+ PaUtilBufferProcessor structure. Be sure to call
+ PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor after finishing with a buffer processor.
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor structure to initialize.
+
+ @param inputChannelCount The number of input channels as passed to
+ Pa_OpenStream or 0 for an output-only stream.
+
+ @param userInputSampleFormat Format of user input samples, as passed to
+ Pa_OpenStream. This parameter is ignored for ouput-only streams.
+
+ @param hostInputSampleFormat Format of host input samples. This parameter is
+ ignored for output-only streams. See note about host buffer interleave below.
+
+ @param outputChannelCount The number of output channels as passed to
+ Pa_OpenStream or 0 for an input-only stream.
+
+ @param userOutputSampleFormat Format of user output samples, as passed to
+ Pa_OpenStream. This parameter is ignored for input-only streams.
+
+ @param hostOutputSampleFormat Format of host output samples. This parameter is
+ ignored for input-only streams. See note about host buffer interleave below.
+
+ @param sampleRate Sample rate of the stream. The more accurate this is the
+ better - it is used for updating time stamps when adapting buffers.
+
+ @param streamFlags Stream flags as passed to Pa_OpenStream, this parameter is
+ used for selecting special sample conversion options such as clipping and
+ dithering.
+
+ @param framesPerUserBuffer Number of frames per user buffer, as requested
+ by the framesPerBuffer parameter to Pa_OpenStream. This parameter may be
+ zero to indicate that the user will accept any (and varying) buffer sizes.
+
+ @param framesPerHostBuffer Specifies the number of frames per host buffer
+ for the fixed buffer size mode, and the maximum number of frames
+ per host buffer for the bounded host buffer size mode. It is ignored for
+ the other modes.
+
+ @param hostBufferSizeMode A mode flag indicating the size variability of
+ host buffers that will be passed to the buffer processor. See
+ PaUtilHostBufferSizeMode for further details.
+
+ @param streamCallback The user stream callback passed to Pa_OpenStream.
+
+ @param userData The user data field passed to Pa_OpenStream.
+
+ @note The interleave flag is ignored for host buffer formats. Host
+ interleave is determined by the use of different SetInput and SetOutput
+ functions.
+
+ @return An error code indicating whether the initialization was successful.
+ If the error code is not PaNoError, the buffer processor was not initialized
+ and should not be used.
+
+ @see Pa_OpenStream, PaUtilHostBufferSizeMode, PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor
+*/
+PaError PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+            int inputChannelCount, PaSampleFormat userInputSampleFormat,
+            PaSampleFormat hostInputSampleFormat,
+            int outputChannelCount, PaSampleFormat userOutputSampleFormat,
+            PaSampleFormat hostOutputSampleFormat,
+            double sampleRate,
+            PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+            unsigned long framesPerUserBuffer, /* 0 indicates don't care */
+            unsigned long framesPerHostBuffer,
+            PaUtilHostBufferSizeMode hostBufferSizeMode,
+            PaStreamCallback *streamCallback, void *userData );
+
+
+/** Terminate a buffer processor's representation. Deallocates any temporary
+ buffers allocated by PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor.
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor structure to terminate.
+
+ @see PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor.
+*/
+void PaUtil_TerminateBufferProcessor( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor );
+
+
+/** Clear any internally buffered data. If you call
+ PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor in your OpenStream routine, make sure you
+ call PaUtil_ResetBufferProcessor in your StartStream call.
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor to reset.
+*/
+void PaUtil_ResetBufferProcessor( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor );
+
+
+/** Retrieve the input latency of a buffer processor, in frames.
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor examine.
+
+ @return The input latency introduced by the buffer processor, in frames.
+
+ @see PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames
+*/
+unsigned long PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor );
+
+/** Retrieve the output latency of a buffer processor, in frames.
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor examine.
+
+ @return The output latency introduced by the buffer processor, in frames.
+
+ @see PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorInputLatencyFrames
+*/
+unsigned long PaUtil_GetBufferProcessorOutputLatencyFrames( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor );
+
+/*@}*/
+
+
+/** @name Host buffer pointer configuration
+
+ Functions to set host input and output buffers, used by both callback streams
+ and blocking read/write streams.
+*/
+/*@{*/
+
+
+/** Set the number of frames in the input host buffer(s) specified by the
+ PaUtil_Set*InputChannel functions.
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor.
+
+ @param frameCount The number of host input frames. A 0 frameCount indicates to
+ use the framesPerHostBuffer value passed to PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor.
+
+ @see PaUtil_SetNoInput, PaUtil_SetInputChannel,
+ PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels, PaUtil_SetNonInterleavedInputChannel
+*/
+void PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        unsigned long frameCount );
+
+
+/** Indicate that no input is available. This function should be used when
+ priming the output of a full-duplex stream opened with the
+ paPrimeOutputBuffersUsingStreamCallback flag. Note that it is not necessary
+ to call this or any other PaUtil_Set*Input* functions for ouput-only streams.
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor.
+*/
+void PaUtil_SetNoInput( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor );
+
+
+/** Provide the buffer processor with a pointer to a host input channel.
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor.
+ @param channel The channel number.
+ @param data The buffer.
+ @param stride The stride from one sample to the next, in samples. For
+ interleaved host buffers, the stride will usually be the same as the number of
+ channels in the buffer.
+*/
+void PaUtil_SetInputChannel( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        unsigned int channel, void *data, unsigned int stride );
+
+
+/** Provide the buffer processor with a pointer to an number of interleaved
+ host input channels.
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor.
+ @param firstChannel The first channel number.
+ @param data The buffer.
+ @param channelCount The number of interleaved channels in the buffer. If
+ channelCount is zero, the number of channels specified to
+ PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor will be used.
+*/
+void PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        unsigned int firstChannel, void *data, unsigned int channelCount );
+
+
+/** Provide the buffer processor with a pointer to one non-interleaved host
+ output channel.
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor.
+ @param channel The channel number.
+ @param data The buffer.
+*/
+void PaUtil_SetNonInterleavedInputChannel( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        unsigned int channel, void *data );
+
+
+/** Use for the second buffer half when the input buffer is split in two halves.
+ @see PaUtil_SetInputFrameCount
+*/
+void PaUtil_Set2ndInputFrameCount( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        unsigned long frameCount );
+
+/** Use for the second buffer half when the input buffer is split in two halves.
+ @see PaUtil_SetInputChannel
+*/
+void PaUtil_Set2ndInputChannel( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        unsigned int channel, void *data, unsigned int stride );
+
+/** Use for the second buffer half when the input buffer is split in two halves.
+ @see PaUtil_SetInterleavedInputChannels
+*/
+void PaUtil_Set2ndInterleavedInputChannels( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        unsigned int firstChannel, void *data, unsigned int channelCount );
+
+/** Use for the second buffer half when the input buffer is split in two halves.
+ @see PaUtil_SetNonInterleavedInputChannel
+*/
+void PaUtil_Set2ndNonInterleavedInputChannel( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        unsigned int channel, void *data );
+
+
+/** Set the number of frames in the output host buffer(s) specified by the
+ PaUtil_Set*OutputChannel functions.
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor.
+
+ @param frameCount The number of host output frames. A 0 frameCount indicates to
+ use the framesPerHostBuffer value passed to PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor.
+
+ @see PaUtil_SetOutputChannel, PaUtil_SetInterleavedOutputChannels,
+ PaUtil_SetNonInterleavedOutputChannel
+*/
+void PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        unsigned long frameCount );
+
+
+/** Indicate that the output will be discarded. This function should be used
+ when implementing the paNeverDropInput mode for full duplex streams.
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor.
+*/
+void PaUtil_SetNoOutput( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor );
+
+
+/** Provide the buffer processor with a pointer to a host output channel.
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor.
+ @param channel The channel number.
+ @param data The buffer.
+ @param stride The stride from one sample to the next, in samples. For
+ interleaved host buffers, the stride will usually be the same as the number of
+ channels in the buffer.
+*/
+void PaUtil_SetOutputChannel( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        unsigned int channel, void *data, unsigned int stride );
+
+
+/** Provide the buffer processor with a pointer to a number of interleaved
+ host output channels.
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor.
+ @param firstChannel The first channel number.
+ @param data The buffer.
+ @param channelCount The number of interleaved channels in the buffer. If
+ channelCount is zero, the number of channels specified to
+ PaUtil_InitializeBufferProcessor will be used.
+*/
+void PaUtil_SetInterleavedOutputChannels( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        unsigned int firstChannel, void *data, unsigned int channelCount );
+
+
+/** Provide the buffer processor with a pointer to one non-interleaved host
+ output channel.
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor.
+ @param channel The channel number.
+ @param data The buffer.
+*/
+void PaUtil_SetNonInterleavedOutputChannel( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        unsigned int channel, void *data );
+
+
+/** Use for the second buffer half when the output buffer is split in two halves.
+ @see PaUtil_SetOutputFrameCount
+*/
+void PaUtil_Set2ndOutputFrameCount( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        unsigned long frameCount );
+
+/** Use for the second buffer half when the output buffer is split in two halves.
+ @see PaUtil_SetOutputChannel
+*/
+void PaUtil_Set2ndOutputChannel( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        unsigned int channel, void *data, unsigned int stride );
+
+/** Use for the second buffer half when the output buffer is split in two halves.
+ @see PaUtil_SetInterleavedOutputChannels
+*/
+void PaUtil_Set2ndInterleavedOutputChannels( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        unsigned int firstChannel, void *data, unsigned int channelCount );
+
+/** Use for the second buffer half when the output buffer is split in two halves.
+ @see PaUtil_SetNonInterleavedOutputChannel
+*/
+void PaUtil_Set2ndNonInterleavedOutputChannel( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        unsigned int channel, void *data );
+
+/*@}*/
+
+
+/** @name Buffer processing functions for callback streams
+*/
+/*@{*/
+
+/** Commence processing a host buffer (or a pair of host buffers in the
+ full-duplex case) for a callback stream.
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor.
+
+ @param timeInfo Timing information for the first sample of the host
+ buffer(s). This information may be adjusted when buffer adaption is being
+ performed.
+
+ @param callbackStatusFlags Flags indicating whether underruns and overruns
+ have occurred since the last time the buffer processor was called.
+*/
+void PaUtil_BeginBufferProcessing( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo* timeInfo, PaStreamCallbackFlags callbackStatusFlags );
+
+
+/** Finish processing a host buffer (or a pair of host buffers in the
+ full-duplex case) for a callback stream.
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor.
+
+ @param callbackResult On input, indicates a previous callback result, and on
+ exit, the result of the user stream callback, if it is called.
+ On entry callbackResult should contain one of { paContinue, paComplete, or
+ paAbort}. If paComplete is passed, the stream callback will not be called
+ but any audio that was generated by previous stream callbacks will be copied
+ to the output buffer(s). You can check whether the buffer processor's internal
+ buffer is empty by calling PaUtil_IsBufferProcessorOutputEmpty.
+
+ If the stream callback is called its result is stored in *callbackResult. If
+ the stream callback returns paComplete or paAbort, all output buffers will be
+ full of valid data - some of which may be zeros to account for data that
+ wasn't generated by the terminating callback.
+
+ @return The number of frames processed. This usually corresponds to the
+ number of frames specified by the PaUtil_Set*FrameCount functions, except in
+ the paUtilVariableHostBufferSizePartialUsageAllowed buffer size mode when a
+ smaller value may be returned.
+*/
+unsigned long PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        int *callbackResult );
+
+
+/** Determine whether any callback generated output remains in the buffer
+ processor's internal buffers. This method may be used to determine when to
+ continue calling PaUtil_EndBufferProcessing() after the callback has returned
+ a callbackResult of paComplete.
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor.
+
+ @return Returns non-zero when callback generated output remains in the internal
+ buffer and zero (0) when there internal buffer contains no callback generated
+ data.
+*/
+int PaUtil_IsBufferProcessorOutputEmpty( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor );
+
+/*@}*/
+
+
+/** @name Buffer processing functions for blocking read/write streams
+*/
+/*@{*/
+
+/** Copy samples from host input channels set up by the PaUtil_Set*InputChannels
+ functions to a user supplied buffer. This function is intended for use with
+ blocking read/write streams. Copies the minimum of the number of
+ user frames (specified by the frameCount parameter) and the number of available
+ host frames (specified in a previous call to SetInputFrameCount()).
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor.
+
+ @param buffer A pointer to the user buffer pointer, or a pointer to a pointer
+ to an array of user buffer pointers for a non-interleaved stream. It is
+ important that this parameter points to a copy of the user buffer pointers,
+ not to the actual user buffer pointers, because this function updates the
+ pointers before returning.
+
+ @param frameCount The number of frames of data in the buffer(s) pointed to by
+ the buffer parameter.
+
+ @return The number of frames copied. The buffer pointer(s) pointed to by the
+ buffer parameter are advanced to point to the frame(s) following the last one
+ filled.
+*/
+unsigned long PaUtil_CopyInput( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        void **buffer, unsigned long frameCount );
+
+
+/* Copy samples from a user supplied buffer to host output channels set up by
+ the PaUtil_Set*OutputChannels functions. This function is intended for use with
+ blocking read/write streams. Copies the minimum of the number of
+ user frames (specified by the frameCount parameter) and the number of
+ host frames (specified in a previous call to SetOutputFrameCount()).
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor.
+
+ @param buffer A pointer to the user buffer pointer, or a pointer to a pointer
+ to an array of user buffer pointers for a non-interleaved stream. It is
+ important that this parameter points to a copy of the user buffer pointers,
+ not to the actual user buffer pointers, because this function updates the
+ pointers before returning.
+
+ @param frameCount The number of frames of data in the buffer(s) pointed to by
+ the buffer parameter.
+
+ @return The number of frames copied. The buffer pointer(s) pointed to by the
+ buffer parameter are advanced to point to the frame(s) following the last one
+ copied.
+*/
+unsigned long PaUtil_CopyOutput( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        const void ** buffer, unsigned long frameCount );
+
+
+/* Zero samples in host output channels set up by the PaUtil_Set*OutputChannels
+ functions. This function is useful for flushing streams.
+ Zeros the minimum of frameCount and the number of host frames specified in a
+ previous call to SetOutputFrameCount().
+
+ @param bufferProcessor The buffer processor.
+
+ @param frameCount The maximum number of frames to zero.
+
+ @return The number of frames zeroed.
+*/
+unsigned long PaUtil_ZeroOutput( PaUtilBufferProcessor* bufferProcessor,
+        unsigned long frameCount );
+
+
+/*@}*/
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#endif /* PA_PROCESS_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_ringbuffer.c b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_ringbuffer.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b978d54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_ringbuffer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library
+ * Ring Buffer utility.
+ *
+ * Author: Phil Burk, http://www.softsynth.com
+ * modified for SMP safety on Mac OS X by Bjorn Roche
+ * modified for SMP safety on Linux by Leland Lucius
+ * also, allowed for const where possible
+ * modified for multiple-byte-sized data elements by Sven Fischer
+ *
+ * Note that this is safe only for a single-thread reader and a
+ * single-thread writer.
+ *
+ * This program uses the PortAudio Portable Audio Library.
+ * For more information see: http://www.portaudio.com
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2000 Ross Bencina and Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/**
+ @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+*/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include "pa_ringbuffer.h"
+#include <string.h>
+#include "pa_memorybarrier.h"
+
+/***************************************************************************
+ * Initialize FIFO.
+ * elementCount must be power of 2, returns -1 if not.
+ */
+ring_buffer_size_t PaUtil_InitializeRingBuffer( PaUtilRingBuffer *rbuf, ring_buffer_size_t elementSizeBytes, ring_buffer_size_t elementCount, void *dataPtr )
+{
+    if( ((elementCount-1) & elementCount) != 0) return -1; /* Not Power of two. */
+    rbuf->bufferSize = elementCount;
+    rbuf->buffer = (char *)dataPtr;
+    PaUtil_FlushRingBuffer( rbuf );
+    rbuf->bigMask = (elementCount*2)-1;
+    rbuf->smallMask = (elementCount)-1;
+    rbuf->elementSizeBytes = elementSizeBytes;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/***************************************************************************
+** Return number of elements available for reading. */
+ring_buffer_size_t PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable( const PaUtilRingBuffer *rbuf )
+{
+    return ( (rbuf->writeIndex - rbuf->readIndex) & rbuf->bigMask );
+}
+/***************************************************************************
+** Return number of elements available for writing. */
+ring_buffer_size_t PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteAvailable( const PaUtilRingBuffer *rbuf )
+{
+    return ( rbuf->bufferSize - PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable(rbuf));
+}
+
+/***************************************************************************
+** Clear buffer. Should only be called when buffer is NOT being read or written. */
+void PaUtil_FlushRingBuffer( PaUtilRingBuffer *rbuf )
+{
+    rbuf->writeIndex = rbuf->readIndex = 0;
+}
+
+/***************************************************************************
+** Get address of region(s) to which we can write data.
+** If the region is contiguous, size2 will be zero.
+** If non-contiguous, size2 will be the size of second region.
+** Returns room available to be written or elementCount, whichever is smaller.
+*/
+ring_buffer_size_t PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteRegions( PaUtilRingBuffer *rbuf, ring_buffer_size_t elementCount,
+                                       void **dataPtr1, ring_buffer_size_t *sizePtr1,
+                                       void **dataPtr2, ring_buffer_size_t *sizePtr2 )
+{
+    ring_buffer_size_t   index;
+    ring_buffer_size_t   available = PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteAvailable( rbuf );
+    if( elementCount > available ) elementCount = available;
+    /* Check to see if write is not contiguous. */
+    index = rbuf->writeIndex & rbuf->smallMask;
+    if( (index + elementCount) > rbuf->bufferSize )
+    {
+        /* Write data in two blocks that wrap the buffer. */
+        ring_buffer_size_t   firstHalf = rbuf->bufferSize - index;
+        *dataPtr1 = &rbuf->buffer[index*rbuf->elementSizeBytes];
+        *sizePtr1 = firstHalf;
+        *dataPtr2 = &rbuf->buffer[0];
+        *sizePtr2 = elementCount - firstHalf;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        *dataPtr1 = &rbuf->buffer[index*rbuf->elementSizeBytes];
+        *sizePtr1 = elementCount;
+        *dataPtr2 = NULL;
+        *sizePtr2 = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( available )
+        PaUtil_FullMemoryBarrier(); /* (write-after-read) => full barrier */
+
+    return elementCount;
+}
+
+
+/***************************************************************************
+*/
+ring_buffer_size_t PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferWriteIndex( PaUtilRingBuffer *rbuf, ring_buffer_size_t elementCount )
+{
+    /* ensure that previous writes are seen before we update the write index
+       (write after write)
+    */
+    PaUtil_WriteMemoryBarrier();
+    return rbuf->writeIndex = (rbuf->writeIndex + elementCount) & rbuf->bigMask;
+}
+
+/***************************************************************************
+** Get address of region(s) from which we can read data.
+** If the region is contiguous, size2 will be zero.
+** If non-contiguous, size2 will be the size of second region.
+** Returns room available to be read or elementCount, whichever is smaller.
+*/
+ring_buffer_size_t PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadRegions( PaUtilRingBuffer *rbuf, ring_buffer_size_t elementCount,
+                                void **dataPtr1, ring_buffer_size_t *sizePtr1,
+                                void **dataPtr2, ring_buffer_size_t *sizePtr2 )
+{
+    ring_buffer_size_t   index;
+    ring_buffer_size_t   available = PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable( rbuf ); /* doesn't use memory barrier */
+    if( elementCount > available ) elementCount = available;
+    /* Check to see if read is not contiguous. */
+    index = rbuf->readIndex & rbuf->smallMask;
+    if( (index + elementCount) > rbuf->bufferSize )
+    {
+        /* Write data in two blocks that wrap the buffer. */
+        ring_buffer_size_t firstHalf = rbuf->bufferSize - index;
+        *dataPtr1 = &rbuf->buffer[index*rbuf->elementSizeBytes];
+        *sizePtr1 = firstHalf;
+        *dataPtr2 = &rbuf->buffer[0];
+        *sizePtr2 = elementCount - firstHalf;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        *dataPtr1 = &rbuf->buffer[index*rbuf->elementSizeBytes];
+        *sizePtr1 = elementCount;
+        *dataPtr2 = NULL;
+        *sizePtr2 = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( available )
+        PaUtil_ReadMemoryBarrier(); /* (read-after-read) => read barrier */
+
+    return elementCount;
+}
+/***************************************************************************
+*/
+ring_buffer_size_t PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferReadIndex( PaUtilRingBuffer *rbuf, ring_buffer_size_t elementCount )
+{
+    /* ensure that previous reads (copies out of the ring buffer) are always completed before updating (writing) the read index.
+       (write-after-read) => full barrier
+    */
+    PaUtil_FullMemoryBarrier();
+    return rbuf->readIndex = (rbuf->readIndex + elementCount) & rbuf->bigMask;
+}
+
+/***************************************************************************
+** Return elements written. */
+ring_buffer_size_t PaUtil_WriteRingBuffer( PaUtilRingBuffer *rbuf, const void *data, ring_buffer_size_t elementCount )
+{
+    ring_buffer_size_t size1, size2, numWritten;
+    void *data1, *data2;
+    numWritten = PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteRegions( rbuf, elementCount, &data1, &size1, &data2, &size2 );
+    if( size2 > 0 )
+    {
+
+        memcpy( data1, data, size1*rbuf->elementSizeBytes );
+        data = ((char *)data) + size1*rbuf->elementSizeBytes;
+        memcpy( data2, data, size2*rbuf->elementSizeBytes );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        memcpy( data1, data, size1*rbuf->elementSizeBytes );
+    }
+    PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferWriteIndex( rbuf, numWritten );
+    return numWritten;
+}
+
+/***************************************************************************
+** Return elements read. */
+ring_buffer_size_t PaUtil_ReadRingBuffer( PaUtilRingBuffer *rbuf, void *data, ring_buffer_size_t elementCount )
+{
+    ring_buffer_size_t size1, size2, numRead;
+    void *data1, *data2;
+    numRead = PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadRegions( rbuf, elementCount, &data1, &size1, &data2, &size2 );
+    if( size2 > 0 )
+    {
+        memcpy( data, data1, size1*rbuf->elementSizeBytes );
+        data = ((char *)data) + size1*rbuf->elementSizeBytes;
+        memcpy( data, data2, size2*rbuf->elementSizeBytes );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        memcpy( data, data1, size1*rbuf->elementSizeBytes );
+    }
+    PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferReadIndex( rbuf, numRead );
+    return numRead;
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_ringbuffer.h b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_ringbuffer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..400aaac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_ringbuffer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+#ifndef PA_RINGBUFFER_H
+#define PA_RINGBUFFER_H
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library
+ * Ring Buffer utility.
+ *
+ * Author: Phil Burk, http://www.softsynth.com
+ * modified for SMP safety on OS X by Bjorn Roche.
+ * also allowed for const where possible.
+ * modified for multiple-byte-sized data elements by Sven Fischer
+ *
+ * Note that this is safe only for a single-thread reader
+ * and a single-thread writer.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed with the PortAudio Portable Audio Library.
+ * For more information see: http://www.portaudio.com
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2000 Ross Bencina and Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+ @brief Single-reader single-writer lock-free ring buffer
+
+ PaUtilRingBuffer is a ring buffer used to transport samples between
+ different execution contexts (threads, OS callbacks, interrupt handlers)
+ without requiring the use of any locks. This only works when there is
+ a single reader and a single writer (ie. one thread or callback writes
+ to the ring buffer, another thread or callback reads from it).
+
+ The PaUtilRingBuffer structure manages a ring buffer containing N
+ elements, where N must be a power of two. An element may be any size
+ (specified in bytes).
+
+ The memory area used to store the buffer elements must be allocated by
+ the client prior to calling PaUtil_InitializeRingBuffer() and must outlive
+ the use of the ring buffer.
+
+ @note The ring buffer functions are not normally exposed in the PortAudio libraries.
+ If you want to call them then you will need to add pa_ringbuffer.c to your application source code.
+*/
+
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+#include <sys/types.h>
+typedef int32_t ring_buffer_size_t;
+#elif defined( __GNUC__ )
+typedef long ring_buffer_size_t;
+#elif (_MSC_VER >= 1400)
+typedef long ring_buffer_size_t;
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
+typedef long ring_buffer_size_t;
+#else
+typedef long ring_buffer_size_t;
+#endif
+
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+typedef struct PaUtilRingBuffer
+{
+    ring_buffer_size_t  bufferSize; /**< Number of elements in FIFO. Power of 2. Set by PaUtil_InitRingBuffer. */
+    volatile ring_buffer_size_t  writeIndex; /**< Index of next writable element. Set by PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferWriteIndex. */
+    volatile ring_buffer_size_t  readIndex;  /**< Index of next readable element. Set by PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferReadIndex. */
+    ring_buffer_size_t  bigMask;    /**< Used for wrapping indices with extra bit to distinguish full/empty. */
+    ring_buffer_size_t  smallMask;  /**< Used for fitting indices to buffer. */
+    ring_buffer_size_t  elementSizeBytes; /**< Number of bytes per element. */
+    char  *buffer;    /**< Pointer to the buffer containing the actual data. */
+}PaUtilRingBuffer;
+
+/** Initialize Ring Buffer to empty state ready to have elements written to it.
+
+ @param rbuf The ring buffer.
+
+ @param elementSizeBytes The size of a single data element in bytes.
+
+ @param elementCount The number of elements in the buffer (must be a power of 2).
+
+ @param dataPtr A pointer to a previously allocated area where the data
+ will be maintained.  It must be elementCount*elementSizeBytes long.
+
+ @return -1 if elementCount is not a power of 2, otherwise 0.
+*/
+ring_buffer_size_t PaUtil_InitializeRingBuffer( PaUtilRingBuffer *rbuf, ring_buffer_size_t elementSizeBytes, ring_buffer_size_t elementCount, void *dataPtr );
+
+/** Reset buffer to empty. Should only be called when buffer is NOT being read or written.
+
+ @param rbuf The ring buffer.
+*/
+void PaUtil_FlushRingBuffer( PaUtilRingBuffer *rbuf );
+
+/** Retrieve the number of elements available in the ring buffer for writing.
+
+ @param rbuf The ring buffer.
+
+ @return The number of elements available for writing.
+*/
+ring_buffer_size_t PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteAvailable( const PaUtilRingBuffer *rbuf );
+
+/** Retrieve the number of elements available in the ring buffer for reading.
+
+ @param rbuf The ring buffer.
+
+ @return The number of elements available for reading.
+*/
+ring_buffer_size_t PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadAvailable( const PaUtilRingBuffer *rbuf );
+
+/** Write data to the ring buffer.
+
+ @param rbuf The ring buffer.
+
+ @param data The address of new data to write to the buffer.
+
+ @param elementCount The number of elements to be written.
+
+ @return The number of elements written.
+*/
+ring_buffer_size_t PaUtil_WriteRingBuffer( PaUtilRingBuffer *rbuf, const void *data, ring_buffer_size_t elementCount );
+
+/** Read data from the ring buffer.
+
+ @param rbuf The ring buffer.
+
+ @param data The address where the data should be stored.
+
+ @param elementCount The number of elements to be read.
+
+ @return The number of elements read.
+*/
+ring_buffer_size_t PaUtil_ReadRingBuffer( PaUtilRingBuffer *rbuf, void *data, ring_buffer_size_t elementCount );
+
+/** Get address of region(s) to which we can write data.
+
+ @param rbuf The ring buffer.
+
+ @param elementCount The number of elements desired.
+
+ @param dataPtr1 The address where the first (or only) region pointer will be
+ stored.
+
+ @param sizePtr1 The address where the first (or only) region length will be
+ stored.
+
+ @param dataPtr2 The address where the second region pointer will be stored if
+ the first region is too small to satisfy elementCount.
+
+ @param sizePtr2 The address where the second region length will be stored if
+ the first region is too small to satisfy elementCount.
+
+ @return The room available to be written or elementCount, whichever is smaller.
+*/
+ring_buffer_size_t PaUtil_GetRingBufferWriteRegions( PaUtilRingBuffer *rbuf, ring_buffer_size_t elementCount,
+                                       void **dataPtr1, ring_buffer_size_t *sizePtr1,
+                                       void **dataPtr2, ring_buffer_size_t *sizePtr2 );
+
+/** Advance the write index to the next location to be written.
+
+ @param rbuf The ring buffer.
+
+ @param elementCount The number of elements to advance.
+
+ @return The new position.
+*/
+ring_buffer_size_t PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferWriteIndex( PaUtilRingBuffer *rbuf, ring_buffer_size_t elementCount );
+
+/** Get address of region(s) from which we can read data.
+
+ @param rbuf The ring buffer.
+
+ @param elementCount The number of elements desired.
+
+ @param dataPtr1 The address where the first (or only) region pointer will be
+ stored.
+
+ @param sizePtr1 The address where the first (or only) region length will be
+ stored.
+
+ @param dataPtr2 The address where the second region pointer will be stored if
+ the first region is too small to satisfy elementCount.
+
+ @param sizePtr2 The address where the second region length will be stored if
+ the first region is too small to satisfy elementCount.
+
+ @return The number of elements available for reading.
+*/
+ring_buffer_size_t PaUtil_GetRingBufferReadRegions( PaUtilRingBuffer *rbuf, ring_buffer_size_t elementCount,
+                                      void **dataPtr1, ring_buffer_size_t *sizePtr1,
+                                      void **dataPtr2, ring_buffer_size_t *sizePtr2 );
+
+/** Advance the read index to the next location to be read.
+
+ @param rbuf The ring buffer.
+
+ @param elementCount The number of elements to advance.
+
+ @return The new position.
+*/
+ring_buffer_size_t PaUtil_AdvanceRingBufferReadIndex( PaUtilRingBuffer *rbuf, ring_buffer_size_t elementCount );
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#endif /* PA_RINGBUFFER_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_stream.c b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_stream.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ffbf530
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_stream.c
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library
+ * stream interface
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 2008 Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+
+ @brief Stream interfaces, representation structures and helper functions
+ used to interface between pa_front.c host API implementations.
+*/
+
+
+#include "pa_stream.h"
+
+
+void PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( PaUtilStreamInterface *streamInterface,
+                                       PaError (*Close)( PaStream* ),
+                                       PaError (*Start)( PaStream* ),
+                                       PaError (*Stop)( PaStream* ),
+                                       PaError (*Abort)( PaStream* ),
+                                       PaError (*IsStopped)( PaStream* ),
+                                       PaError (*IsActive)( PaStream* ),
+                                       PaTime (*GetTime)( PaStream* ),
+                                       double (*GetCpuLoad)( PaStream* ),
+                                       PaError (*Read)( PaStream*, void *, unsigned long ),
+                                       PaError (*Write)( PaStream*, const void *, unsigned long ),
+                                       signed long (*GetReadAvailable)( PaStream* ),
+                                       signed long (*GetWriteAvailable)( PaStream* )  )
+{
+    streamInterface->Close = Close;
+    streamInterface->Start = Start;
+    streamInterface->Stop = Stop;
+    streamInterface->Abort = Abort;
+    streamInterface->IsStopped = IsStopped;
+    streamInterface->IsActive = IsActive;
+    streamInterface->GetTime = GetTime;
+    streamInterface->GetCpuLoad = GetCpuLoad;
+    streamInterface->Read = Read;
+    streamInterface->Write = Write;
+    streamInterface->GetReadAvailable = GetReadAvailable;
+    streamInterface->GetWriteAvailable = GetWriteAvailable;
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation( PaUtilStreamRepresentation *streamRepresentation,
+        PaUtilStreamInterface *streamInterface,
+        PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+        void *userData )
+{
+    streamRepresentation->magic = PA_STREAM_MAGIC;
+    streamRepresentation->nextOpenStream = 0;
+    streamRepresentation->streamInterface = streamInterface;
+    streamRepresentation->streamCallback = streamCallback;
+    streamRepresentation->streamFinishedCallback = 0;
+
+    streamRepresentation->userData = userData;
+
+    streamRepresentation->streamInfo.inputLatency = 0.;
+    streamRepresentation->streamInfo.outputLatency = 0.;
+    streamRepresentation->streamInfo.sampleRate = 0.;
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_TerminateStreamRepresentation( PaUtilStreamRepresentation *streamRepresentation )
+{
+    streamRepresentation->magic = 0;
+}
+
+
+PaError PaUtil_DummyRead( PaStream* stream,
+                               void *buffer,
+                               unsigned long frames )
+{
+    (void)stream; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)buffer; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)frames; /* unused parameter */
+
+    return paCanNotReadFromACallbackStream;
+}
+
+
+PaError PaUtil_DummyWrite( PaStream* stream,
+                               const void *buffer,
+                               unsigned long frames )
+{
+    (void)stream; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)buffer; /* unused parameter */
+    (void)frames; /* unused parameter */
+
+    return paCanNotWriteToACallbackStream;
+}
+
+
+signed long PaUtil_DummyGetReadAvailable( PaStream* stream )
+{
+    (void)stream; /* unused parameter */
+
+    return paCanNotReadFromACallbackStream;
+}
+
+
+signed long PaUtil_DummyGetWriteAvailable( PaStream* stream )
+{
+    (void)stream; /* unused parameter */
+
+    return paCanNotWriteToACallbackStream;
+}
+
+
+double PaUtil_DummyGetCpuLoad( PaStream* stream )
+{
+    (void)stream; /* unused parameter */
+
+    return 0.0;
+}
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_stream.h b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_stream.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4afda39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_stream.h
@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+#ifndef PA_STREAM_H
+#define PA_STREAM_H
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library
+ * stream interface
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2008 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+
+ @brief Stream interfaces, representation structures and helper functions
+ used to interface between pa_front.c host API implementations.
+*/
+
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+#define PA_STREAM_MAGIC (0x18273645)
+
+
+/** A structure representing an (abstract) interface to a host API. Contains
+ pointers to functions which implement the interface.
+
+ All PaStreamInterface functions are guaranteed to be called with a non-null,
+ valid stream parameter.
+*/
+typedef struct {
+    PaError (*Close)( PaStream* stream );
+    PaError (*Start)( PaStream *stream );
+    PaError (*Stop)( PaStream *stream );
+    PaError (*Abort)( PaStream *stream );
+    PaError (*IsStopped)( PaStream *stream );
+    PaError (*IsActive)( PaStream *stream );
+    PaTime (*GetTime)( PaStream *stream );
+    double (*GetCpuLoad)( PaStream* stream );
+    PaError (*Read)( PaStream* stream, void *buffer, unsigned long frames );
+    PaError (*Write)( PaStream* stream, const void *buffer, unsigned long frames );
+    signed long (*GetReadAvailable)( PaStream* stream );
+    signed long (*GetWriteAvailable)( PaStream* stream );
+} PaUtilStreamInterface;
+
+
+/** Initialize the fields of a PaUtilStreamInterface structure.
+*/
+void PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface( PaUtilStreamInterface *streamInterface,
+    PaError (*Close)( PaStream* ),
+    PaError (*Start)( PaStream* ),
+    PaError (*Stop)( PaStream* ),
+    PaError (*Abort)( PaStream* ),
+    PaError (*IsStopped)( PaStream* ),
+    PaError (*IsActive)( PaStream* ),
+    PaTime (*GetTime)( PaStream* ),
+    double (*GetCpuLoad)( PaStream* ),
+    PaError (*Read)( PaStream* stream, void *buffer, unsigned long frames ),
+    PaError (*Write)( PaStream* stream, const void *buffer, unsigned long frames ),
+    signed long (*GetReadAvailable)( PaStream* stream ),
+    signed long (*GetWriteAvailable)( PaStream* stream ) );
+
+
+/** Dummy Read function for use in interfaces to a callback based streams.
+ Pass to the Read parameter of PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface.
+ @return An error code indicating that the function has no effect
+ because the stream is a callback stream.
+*/
+PaError PaUtil_DummyRead( PaStream* stream,
+                       void *buffer,
+                       unsigned long frames );
+
+
+/** Dummy Write function for use in an interfaces to callback based streams.
+ Pass to the Write parameter of PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface.
+ @return An error code indicating that the function has no effect
+ because the stream is a callback stream.
+*/
+PaError PaUtil_DummyWrite( PaStream* stream,
+                       const void *buffer,
+                       unsigned long frames );
+
+
+/** Dummy GetReadAvailable function for use in interfaces to callback based
+ streams. Pass to the GetReadAvailable parameter of PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface.
+ @return An error code indicating that the function has no effect
+ because the stream is a callback stream.
+*/
+signed long PaUtil_DummyGetReadAvailable( PaStream* stream );
+
+
+/** Dummy GetWriteAvailable function for use in interfaces to callback based
+ streams. Pass to the GetWriteAvailable parameter of PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface.
+ @return An error code indicating that the function has no effect
+ because the stream is a callback stream.
+*/
+signed long PaUtil_DummyGetWriteAvailable( PaStream* stream );
+
+
+
+/** Dummy GetCpuLoad function for use in an interface to a read/write stream.
+ Pass to the GetCpuLoad parameter of PaUtil_InitializeStreamInterface.
+ @return Returns 0.
+*/
+double PaUtil_DummyGetCpuLoad( PaStream* stream );
+
+
+/** Non host specific data for a stream. This data is used by pa_front to
+ forward to the appropriate functions in the streamInterface structure.
+*/
+typedef struct PaUtilStreamRepresentation {
+    unsigned long magic;    /**< set to PA_STREAM_MAGIC */
+    struct PaUtilStreamRepresentation *nextOpenStream; /**< field used by multi-api code */
+    PaUtilStreamInterface *streamInterface;
+    PaStreamCallback *streamCallback;
+    PaStreamFinishedCallback *streamFinishedCallback;
+    void *userData;
+    PaStreamInfo streamInfo;
+} PaUtilStreamRepresentation;
+
+
+/** Initialize a PaUtilStreamRepresentation structure.
+
+ @see PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation
+*/
+void PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation(
+        PaUtilStreamRepresentation *streamRepresentation,
+        PaUtilStreamInterface *streamInterface,
+        PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+        void *userData );
+
+
+/** Clean up a PaUtilStreamRepresentation structure previously initialized
+ by a call to PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation.
+
+ @see PaUtil_InitializeStreamRepresentation
+*/
+void PaUtil_TerminateStreamRepresentation( PaUtilStreamRepresentation *streamRepresentation );
+
+
+/** Check that the stream pointer is valid.
+
+ @return Returns paNoError if the stream pointer appears to be OK, otherwise
+ returns an error indicating the cause of failure.
+*/
+PaError PaUtil_ValidateStreamPointer( PaStream *stream );
+
+
+/** Cast an opaque stream pointer into a pointer to a PaUtilStreamRepresentation.
+
+ @see PaUtilStreamRepresentation
+*/
+#define PA_STREAM_REP( stream )\
+    ((PaUtilStreamRepresentation*) (stream) )
+
+
+/** Cast an opaque stream pointer into a pointer to a PaUtilStreamInterface.
+
+ @see PaUtilStreamRepresentation, PaUtilStreamInterface
+*/
+#define PA_STREAM_INTERFACE( stream )\
+    PA_STREAM_REP( (stream) )->streamInterface
+
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#endif /* PA_STREAM_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_trace.c b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_trace.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6763dfa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_trace.c
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library Trace Facility
+ * Store trace information in real-time for later printing.
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2000 Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+
+ @brief Real-time safe event trace logging facility for debugging.
+*/
+
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include "pa_trace.h"
+#include "pa_util.h"
+#include "pa_debugprint.h"
+
+#if PA_TRACE_REALTIME_EVENTS
+
+static char const *traceTextArray[PA_MAX_TRACE_RECORDS];
+static int traceIntArray[PA_MAX_TRACE_RECORDS];
+static int traceIndex = 0;
+static int traceBlock = 0;
+
+/*********************************************************************/
+void PaUtil_ResetTraceMessages()
+{
+    traceIndex = 0;
+}
+
+/*********************************************************************/
+void PaUtil_DumpTraceMessages()
+{
+    int i;
+    int messageCount = (traceIndex < PA_MAX_TRACE_RECORDS) ? traceIndex : PA_MAX_TRACE_RECORDS;
+
+    printf("DumpTraceMessages: traceIndex = %d\n", traceIndex );
+    for( i=0; i<messageCount; i++ )
+    {
+        printf("%3d: %s = 0x%08X\n",
+               i, traceTextArray[i], traceIntArray[i] );
+    }
+    PaUtil_ResetTraceMessages();
+    fflush(stdout);
+}
+
+/*********************************************************************/
+void PaUtil_AddTraceMessage( const char *msg, int data )
+{
+    if( (traceIndex == PA_MAX_TRACE_RECORDS) && (traceBlock == 0) )
+    {
+        traceBlock = 1;
+        /*  PaUtil_DumpTraceMessages(); */
+    }
+    else if( traceIndex < PA_MAX_TRACE_RECORDS )
+    {
+        traceTextArray[traceIndex] = msg;
+        traceIntArray[traceIndex] = data;
+        traceIndex++;
+    }
+}
+
+/************************************************************************/
+/* High performance log alternative                                     */
+/************************************************************************/
+
+typedef unsigned long long  PaUint64;
+
+typedef struct __PaHighPerformanceLog
+{
+    unsigned    magik;
+    int         writePtr;
+    int         readPtr;
+    int         size;
+    double      refTime;
+    char*       data;
+} PaHighPerformanceLog;
+
+static const unsigned kMagik = 0xcafebabe;
+
+#define USEC_PER_SEC    (1000000ULL)
+
+int PaUtil_InitializeHighSpeedLog( LogHandle* phLog, unsigned maxSizeInBytes )
+{
+    PaHighPerformanceLog* pLog = (PaHighPerformanceLog*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory(sizeof(PaHighPerformanceLog));
+    if (pLog == 0)
+    {
+        return paInsufficientMemory;
+    }
+    assert(phLog != 0);
+    *phLog = pLog;
+
+    pLog->data = (char*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory(maxSizeInBytes);
+    if (pLog->data == 0)
+    {
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory(pLog);
+        return paInsufficientMemory;
+    }
+    pLog->magik = kMagik;
+    pLog->size = maxSizeInBytes;
+    pLog->refTime = PaUtil_GetTime();
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+void PaUtil_ResetHighSpeedLogTimeRef( LogHandle hLog )
+{
+    PaHighPerformanceLog* pLog = (PaHighPerformanceLog*)hLog;
+    assert(pLog->magik == kMagik);
+    pLog->refTime = PaUtil_GetTime();
+}
+
+typedef struct __PaLogEntryHeader
+{
+    int    size;
+    double timeStamp;
+} PaLogEntryHeader;
+
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+#define _vsnprintf vsnprintf
+#define min(a,b) ((a)<(b)?(a):(b))
+#endif
+
+
+int PaUtil_AddHighSpeedLogMessage( LogHandle hLog, const char* fmt, ... )
+{
+    va_list l;
+    int n = 0;
+    PaHighPerformanceLog* pLog = (PaHighPerformanceLog*)hLog;
+    if (pLog != 0)
+    {
+        PaLogEntryHeader* pHeader;
+        char* p;
+        int maxN;
+        assert(pLog->magik == kMagik);
+        pHeader = (PaLogEntryHeader*)( pLog->data + pLog->writePtr );
+        p = (char*)( pHeader + 1 );
+        maxN = pLog->size - pLog->writePtr - 2 * sizeof(PaLogEntryHeader);
+
+        pHeader->timeStamp = PaUtil_GetTime() - pLog->refTime;
+        if (maxN > 0)
+        {
+            if (maxN > 32)
+            {
+                va_start(l, fmt);
+                n = _vsnprintf(p, min(1024, maxN), fmt, l);
+                va_end(l);
+            }
+            else {
+                n = sprintf(p, "End of log...");
+            }
+            n = ((n + sizeof(unsigned)) & ~(sizeof(unsigned)-1)) + sizeof(PaLogEntryHeader);
+            pHeader->size = n;
+#if 0
+            PaUtil_DebugPrint("%05u.%03u: %s\n", pHeader->timeStamp/1000, pHeader->timeStamp%1000, p);
+#endif
+            pLog->writePtr += n;
+        }
+    }
+    return n;
+}
+
+void PaUtil_DumpHighSpeedLog( LogHandle hLog, const char* fileName )
+{
+    FILE* f = (fileName != NULL) ? fopen(fileName, "w") : stdout;
+    unsigned localWritePtr;
+    PaHighPerformanceLog* pLog = (PaHighPerformanceLog*)hLog;
+    assert(pLog->magik == kMagik);
+    localWritePtr = pLog->writePtr;
+    while (pLog->readPtr != localWritePtr)
+    {
+        const PaLogEntryHeader* pHeader = (const PaLogEntryHeader*)( pLog->data + pLog->readPtr );
+        const char* p = (const char*)( pHeader + 1 );
+        const PaUint64 ts = (const PaUint64)( pHeader->timeStamp * USEC_PER_SEC );
+        assert(pHeader->size < (1024+sizeof(unsigned)+sizeof(PaLogEntryHeader)));
+        fprintf(f, "%05u.%03u: %s\n", (unsigned)(ts/1000), (unsigned)(ts%1000), p);
+        pLog->readPtr += pHeader->size;
+    }
+    if (f != stdout)
+    {
+        fclose(f);
+    }
+}
+
+void PaUtil_DiscardHighSpeedLog( LogHandle hLog )
+{
+    PaHighPerformanceLog* pLog = (PaHighPerformanceLog*)hLog;
+    assert(pLog->magik == kMagik);
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory(pLog->data);
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory(pLog);
+}
+
+#else
+/* This stub was added so that this file will generate a symbol.
+ * Otherwise linker/archiver programs will complain.
+ */
+int PaUtil_TraceStubToSatisfyLinker(void)
+{
+    return 0;
+}
+#endif /* TRACE_REALTIME_EVENTS */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_trace.h b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_trace.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7827766
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_trace.h
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+#ifndef PA_TRACE_H
+#define PA_TRACE_H
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library Trace Facility
+ * Store trace information in real-time for later printing.
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2000 Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+
+ @brief Real-time safe event trace logging facility for debugging.
+
+ Allows data to be logged to a fixed size trace buffer in a real-time
+ execution context (such as at interrupt time). Each log entry consists
+ of a message comprising a string pointer and an int.  The trace buffer
+ may be dumped to stdout later.
+
+ This facility is only active if PA_TRACE_REALTIME_EVENTS is set to 1,
+ otherwise the trace functions expand to no-ops.
+
+ @fn PaUtil_ResetTraceMessages
+ @brief Clear the trace buffer.
+
+ @fn PaUtil_AddTraceMessage
+ @brief Add a message to the trace buffer. A message consists of string and an int.
+ @param msg The string pointer must remain valid until PaUtil_DumpTraceMessages
+    is called. As a result, usually only string literals should be passed as
+    the msg parameter.
+
+ @fn PaUtil_DumpTraceMessages
+ @brief Print all messages in the trace buffer to stdout and clear the trace buffer.
+*/
+
+#ifndef PA_TRACE_REALTIME_EVENTS
+#define PA_TRACE_REALTIME_EVENTS     (0)   /**< Set to 1 to enable logging using the trace functions defined below */
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PA_MAX_TRACE_RECORDS
+#define PA_MAX_TRACE_RECORDS      (2048)   /**< Maximum number of records stored in trace buffer */
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+#if PA_TRACE_REALTIME_EVENTS
+
+void PaUtil_ResetTraceMessages();
+void PaUtil_AddTraceMessage( const char *msg, int data );
+void PaUtil_DumpTraceMessages();
+
+/* Alternative interface */
+
+typedef void* LogHandle;
+
+int PaUtil_InitializeHighSpeedLog(LogHandle* phLog, unsigned maxSizeInBytes);
+void PaUtil_ResetHighSpeedLogTimeRef(LogHandle hLog);
+int PaUtil_AddHighSpeedLogMessage(LogHandle hLog, const char* fmt, ...);
+void PaUtil_DumpHighSpeedLog(LogHandle hLog, const char* fileName);
+void PaUtil_DiscardHighSpeedLog(LogHandle hLog);
+
+#else
+
+#define PaUtil_ResetTraceMessages() /* noop */
+#define PaUtil_AddTraceMessage(msg,data) /* noop */
+#define PaUtil_DumpTraceMessages() /* noop */
+
+#define PaUtil_InitializeHighSpeedLog(phLog, maxSizeInBytes)  (0)
+#define PaUtil_ResetHighSpeedLogTimeRef(hLog)
+#define PaUtil_AddHighSpeedLogMessage(...)   (0)
+#define PaUtil_DumpHighSpeedLog(hLog, fileName)
+#define PaUtil_DiscardHighSpeedLog(hLog)
+
+#endif
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif /* PA_TRACE_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_types.h b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_types.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f628783
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_types.h
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+#ifndef PA_TYPES_H
+#define PA_TYPES_H
+
+/*
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library
+ * integer type definitions
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+
+ @brief Definition of 16 and 32 bit integer types (PaInt16, PaInt32 etc)
+
+ SIZEOF_SHORT, SIZEOF_INT and SIZEOF_LONG are set by the configure script
+ when it is used. Otherwise we default to the common 32 bit values, if your
+ platform doesn't use configure, and doesn't use the default values below
+ you will need to explicitly define these symbols in your make file.
+
+ A PA_VALIDATE_SIZES macro is provided to assert that the values set in this
+ file are correct.
+*/
+
+#ifndef SIZEOF_SHORT
+#define SIZEOF_SHORT 2
+#endif
+
+#ifndef SIZEOF_INT
+#define SIZEOF_INT 4
+#endif
+
+#ifndef SIZEOF_LONG
+#define SIZEOF_LONG 4
+#endif
+
+
+#if SIZEOF_SHORT == 2
+typedef signed short PaInt16;
+typedef unsigned short PaUint16;
+#elif SIZEOF_INT == 2
+typedef signed int PaInt16;
+typedef unsigned int PaUint16;
+#else
+#error pa_types.h was unable to determine which type to use for 16bit integers on the target platform
+#endif
+
+#if SIZEOF_SHORT == 4
+typedef signed short PaInt32;
+typedef unsigned short PaUint32;
+#elif SIZEOF_INT == 4
+typedef signed int PaInt32;
+typedef unsigned int PaUint32;
+#elif SIZEOF_LONG == 4
+typedef signed long PaInt32;
+typedef unsigned long PaUint32;
+#else
+#error pa_types.h was unable to determine which type to use for 32bit integers on the target platform
+#endif
+
+
+/* PA_VALIDATE_TYPE_SIZES compares the size of the integer types at runtime to
+ ensure that PortAudio was configured correctly, and raises an assertion if
+ they don't match the expected values. <assert.h> must be included in the
+ context in which this macro is used.
+*/
+#define PA_VALIDATE_TYPE_SIZES \
+    { \
+        assert( "PortAudio: type sizes are not correct in pa_types.h" && sizeof( PaUint16 ) == 2 ); \
+        assert( "PortAudio: type sizes are not correct in pa_types.h" && sizeof( PaInt16 ) == 2 ); \
+        assert( "PortAudio: type sizes are not correct in pa_types.h" && sizeof( PaUint32 ) == 4 ); \
+        assert( "PortAudio: type sizes are not correct in pa_types.h" && sizeof( PaInt32 ) == 4 ); \
+    }
+
+
+#endif /* PA_TYPES_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_util.h b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_util.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6c1786
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/common/pa_util.h
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+#ifndef PA_UTIL_H
+#define PA_UTIL_H
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library implementation utilities header
+ * common implementation utilities and interfaces
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2008 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup common_src
+
+    @brief Prototypes for utility functions used by PortAudio implementations.
+
+    Some functions declared here are defined in pa_front.c while others
+    are implemented separately for each platform.
+*/
+
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+
+/** Preprocessor Utilities
+*/
+
+#define PA_STRINGIZE_HELPER(x) #x
+#define PA_STRINGIZE(x) PA_STRINGIZE_HELPER(x)
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation;
+
+
+/** Retrieve a specific host API representation. This function can be used
+ by implementations to retrieve a pointer to their representation in
+ host api specific extension functions which aren't passed a rep pointer
+ by pa_front.c.
+
+ @param hostApi A pointer to a host API representation pointer. Upon success
+ this will receive the requested representation pointer.
+
+ @param type A valid host API type identifier.
+
+ @returns An error code. If the result is PaNoError then a pointer to the
+ requested host API representation will be stored in *hostApi. If the host API
+ specified by type is not found, this function returns paHostApiNotFound.
+*/
+PaError PaUtil_GetHostApiRepresentation( struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi,
+        PaHostApiTypeId type );
+
+
+/** Convert a PortAudio device index into a host API specific device index.
+ @param hostApiDevice Pointer to a device index, on success this will receive the
+ converted device index value.
+ @param device The PortAudio device index to convert.
+ @param hostApi The host api which the index should be converted for.
+
+ @returns On success returns PaNoError and places the converted index in the
+ hostApiDevice parameter.
+*/
+PaError PaUtil_DeviceIndexToHostApiDeviceIndex(
+        PaDeviceIndex *hostApiDevice, PaDeviceIndex device,
+        struct PaUtilHostApiRepresentation *hostApi );
+
+
+/** Set the host error information returned by Pa_GetLastHostErrorInfo. This
+ function and the paUnanticipatedHostError error code should be used as a
+ last resort.  Implementors should use existing PA error codes where possible,
+ or nominate new ones. Note that at it is always better to use
+ PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo() and paUnanticipatedHostError than to return an
+ ambiguous or inaccurate PaError code.
+
+ @param hostApiType  The host API which encountered the error (ie of the caller)
+
+ @param errorCode The error code returned by the native API function.
+
+ @param errorText A string describing the error. PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo
+ makes a copy of the string, so it is not necessary for the pointer to remain
+ valid after the call to PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo() returns.
+
+*/
+void PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType, long errorCode,
+        const char *errorText );
+
+
+
+/* the following functions are implemented in a platform platform specific
+ .c file
+*/
+
+/** Allocate size bytes, guaranteed to be aligned to a FIXME byte boundary */
+void *PaUtil_AllocateMemory( long size );
+
+
+/** Release block if non-NULL. block may be NULL */
+void PaUtil_FreeMemory( void *block );
+
+
+/** Return the number of currently allocated blocks. This function can be
+ used for detecting memory leaks.
+
+ @note Allocations will only be tracked if PA_TRACK_MEMORY is #defined. If
+ it isn't, this function will always return 0.
+*/
+int PaUtil_CountCurrentlyAllocatedBlocks( void );
+
+
+/** Initialize the clock used by PaUtil_GetTime(). Call this before calling
+ PaUtil_GetTime.
+
+ @see PaUtil_GetTime
+*/
+void PaUtil_InitializeClock( void );
+
+
+/** Return the system time in seconds. Used to implement CPU load functions
+
+ @see PaUtil_InitializeClock
+*/
+double PaUtil_GetTime( void );
+
+
+/* void Pa_Sleep( long msec );  must also be implemented in per-platform .c file */
+
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#endif /* PA_UTIL_H */
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/pa_type.h b/Source/PortAudio/pa_type.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..32cf201
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/pa_type.h
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "CoreMinimal.h"
+
+typedef float SampleType;
+#define SAMPLE_TYPE_FORMAT paFloat32
+
+enum class EHostApiID
+{
+	InDevelopment = 0, /* use while developing support for a new host API */
+	DirectSound = 1,
+	MME = 2,
+	ASIO = 3,
+	SoundManager = 4,
+	CoreAudio = 5,
+	OSS = 7,
+	ALSA = 8,
+	AL = 9,
+	BeOS = 10,
+	WDMKS = 11,
+	JACK = 12,
+	WASAPI = 13,
+	AudioScienceHPI = 14,
+	AudioIO = 15
+};
+
+struct FAudioDeviceInfo
+{
+	FString Name;
+	int32 DeviceIndex;
+	int32 MaxInputChannels;
+	int32 MaxOutputChannels;
+	float DefaultSampleRate;
+};
+
+struct FAudioHostInfo
+{
+	FString Name;
+	EHostApiID ID;
+	int32 DeviceCount;
+	int32 DefaultInputDevice;
+	int32 DefaultOutputDevice;
+};
diff --git a/Source/PortAudio/portaudio.h b/Source/PortAudio/portaudio.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f09b3c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/PortAudio/portaudio.h
@@ -0,0 +1,1242 @@
+#ifndef PORTAUDIO_H
+#define PORTAUDIO_H
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * PortAudio API Header File
+ * Latest version available at: http://www.portaudio.com/
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Ross Bencina and Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup public_header
+ @brief The portable PortAudio API.
+*/
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+/** Retrieve the release number of the currently running PortAudio build.
+ For example, for version "19.5.1" this will return 0x00130501.
+
+ @see paMakeVersionNumber
+*/
+int Pa_GetVersion( void );
+
+/** Retrieve a textual description of the current PortAudio build,
+ e.g. "PortAudio V19.5.0-devel, revision 1952M".
+ The format of the text may change in the future. Do not try to parse the
+ returned string.
+
+ @deprecated As of 19.5.0, use Pa_GetVersionInfo()->versionText instead.
+*/
+const char* Pa_GetVersionText( void );
+
+/**
+ Generate a packed integer version number in the same format used
+ by Pa_GetVersion(). Use this to compare a specified version number with
+ the currently running version. For example:
+
+ @code
+     if( Pa_GetVersion() < paMakeVersionNumber(19,5,1) ) {}
+ @endcode
+
+ @see Pa_GetVersion, Pa_GetVersionInfo
+ @version Available as of 19.5.0.
+*/
+#define paMakeVersionNumber(major, minor, subminor) \
+    (((major)&0xFF)<<16 | ((minor)&0xFF)<<8 | ((subminor)&0xFF))
+
+
+/**
+ A structure containing PortAudio API version information.
+ @see Pa_GetVersionInfo, paMakeVersionNumber
+ @version Available as of 19.5.0.
+*/
+typedef struct PaVersionInfo {
+    int versionMajor;
+    int versionMinor;
+    int versionSubMinor;
+    /**
+     This is currently the Git revision hash but may change in the future.
+     The versionControlRevision is updated by running a script before compiling the library.
+     If the update does not occur, this value may refer to an earlier revision.
+    */
+    const char *versionControlRevision;
+    /** Version as a string, for example "PortAudio V19.5.0-devel, revision 1952M" */
+    const char *versionText;
+} PaVersionInfo;
+
+/** Retrieve version information for the currently running PortAudio build.
+ @return A pointer to an immutable PaVersionInfo structure.
+
+ @note This function can be called at any time. It does not require PortAudio
+ to be initialized. The structure pointed to is statically allocated. Do not
+ attempt to free it or modify it.
+
+ @see PaVersionInfo, paMakeVersionNumber
+ @version Available as of 19.5.0.
+*/
+const PaVersionInfo* Pa_GetVersionInfo( void );
+
+
+/** Error codes returned by PortAudio functions.
+ Note that with the exception of paNoError, all PaErrorCodes are negative.
+*/
+
+typedef int PaError;
+typedef enum PaErrorCode
+{
+    paNoError = 0,
+
+    paNotInitialized = -10000,
+    paUnanticipatedHostError,
+    paInvalidChannelCount,
+    paInvalidSampleRate,
+    paInvalidDevice,
+    paInvalidFlag,
+    paSampleFormatNotSupported,
+    paBadIODeviceCombination,
+    paInsufficientMemory,
+    paBufferTooBig,
+    paBufferTooSmall,
+    paNullCallback,
+    paBadStreamPtr,
+    paTimedOut,
+    paInternalError,
+    paDeviceUnavailable,
+    paIncompatibleHostApiSpecificStreamInfo,
+    paStreamIsStopped,
+    paStreamIsNotStopped,
+    paInputOverflowed,
+    paOutputUnderflowed,
+    paHostApiNotFound,
+    paInvalidHostApi,
+    paCanNotReadFromACallbackStream,
+    paCanNotWriteToACallbackStream,
+    paCanNotReadFromAnOutputOnlyStream,
+    paCanNotWriteToAnInputOnlyStream,
+    paIncompatibleStreamHostApi,
+    paBadBufferPtr
+} PaErrorCode;
+
+
+/** Translate the supplied PortAudio error code into a human readable
+ message.
+*/
+const char *Pa_GetErrorText( PaError errorCode );
+
+
+/** Library initialization function - call this before using PortAudio.
+ This function initializes internal data structures and prepares underlying
+ host APIs for use.  With the exception of Pa_GetVersion(), Pa_GetVersionText(),
+ and Pa_GetErrorText(), this function MUST be called before using any other
+ PortAudio API functions.
+
+ If Pa_Initialize() is called multiple times, each successful
+ call must be matched with a corresponding call to Pa_Terminate().
+ Pairs of calls to Pa_Initialize()/Pa_Terminate() may overlap, and are not
+ required to be fully nested.
+
+ Note that if Pa_Initialize() returns an error code, Pa_Terminate() should
+ NOT be called.
+
+ @return paNoError if successful, otherwise an error code indicating the cause
+ of failure.
+
+ @see Pa_Terminate
+*/
+PaError Pa_Initialize( void );
+
+
+/** Library termination function - call this when finished using PortAudio.
+ This function deallocates all resources allocated by PortAudio since it was
+ initialized by a call to Pa_Initialize(). In cases where Pa_Initialise() has
+ been called multiple times, each call must be matched with a corresponding call
+ to Pa_Terminate(). The final matching call to Pa_Terminate() will automatically
+ close any PortAudio streams that are still open.
+
+ Pa_Terminate() MUST be called before exiting a program which uses PortAudio.
+ Failure to do so may result in serious resource leaks, such as audio devices
+ not being available until the next reboot.
+
+ @return paNoError if successful, otherwise an error code indicating the cause
+ of failure.
+
+ @see Pa_Initialize
+*/
+PaError Pa_Terminate( void );
+
+
+
+/** The type used to refer to audio devices. Values of this type usually
+ range from 0 to (Pa_GetDeviceCount()-1), and may also take on the PaNoDevice
+ and paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification values.
+
+ @see Pa_GetDeviceCount, paNoDevice, paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification
+*/
+typedef int PaDeviceIndex;
+
+
+/** A special PaDeviceIndex value indicating that no device is available,
+ or should be used.
+
+ @see PaDeviceIndex
+*/
+#define paNoDevice ((PaDeviceIndex)-1)
+
+
+/** A special PaDeviceIndex value indicating that the device(s) to be used
+ are specified in the host api specific stream info structure.
+
+ @see PaDeviceIndex
+*/
+#define paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification ((PaDeviceIndex)-2)
+
+
+/* Host API enumeration mechanism */
+
+/** The type used to enumerate to host APIs at runtime. Values of this type
+ range from 0 to (Pa_GetHostApiCount()-1).
+
+ @see Pa_GetHostApiCount
+*/
+typedef int PaHostApiIndex;
+
+
+/** Retrieve the number of available host APIs. Even if a host API is
+ available it may have no devices available.
+
+ @return A non-negative value indicating the number of available host APIs
+ or, a PaErrorCode (which are always negative) if PortAudio is not initialized
+ or an error is encountered.
+
+ @see PaHostApiIndex
+*/
+PaHostApiIndex Pa_GetHostApiCount( void );
+
+
+/** Retrieve the index of the default host API. The default host API will be
+ the lowest common denominator host API on the current platform and is
+ unlikely to provide the best performance.
+
+ @return A non-negative value ranging from 0 to (Pa_GetHostApiCount()-1)
+ indicating the default host API index or, a PaErrorCode (which are always
+ negative) if PortAudio is not initialized or an error is encountered.
+*/
+PaHostApiIndex Pa_GetDefaultHostApi( void );
+
+
+/** Unchanging unique identifiers for each supported host API. This type
+ is used in the PaHostApiInfo structure. The values are guaranteed to be
+ unique and to never change, thus allowing code to be written that
+ conditionally uses host API specific extensions.
+
+ New type ids will be allocated when support for a host API reaches
+ "public alpha" status, prior to that developers should use the
+ paInDevelopment type id.
+
+ @see PaHostApiInfo
+*/
+typedef enum PaHostApiTypeId
+{
+    paInDevelopment=0, /* use while developing support for a new host API */
+    paDirectSound=1,
+    paMME=2,
+    paASIO=3,
+    paSoundManager=4,
+    paCoreAudio=5,
+    paOSS=7,
+    paALSA=8,
+    paAL=9,
+    paBeOS=10,
+    paWDMKS=11,
+    paJACK=12,
+    paWASAPI=13,
+    paAudioScienceHPI=14,
+    paAudioIO=15
+} PaHostApiTypeId;
+
+
+/** A structure containing information about a particular host API. */
+
+typedef struct PaHostApiInfo
+{
+    /** this is struct version 1 */
+    int structVersion;
+    /** The well known unique identifier of this host API @see PaHostApiTypeId */
+    PaHostApiTypeId type;
+    /** A textual description of the host API for display on user interfaces. */
+    const char *name;
+
+    /**  The number of devices belonging to this host API. This field may be
+     used in conjunction with Pa_HostApiDeviceIndexToDeviceIndex() to enumerate
+     all devices for this host API.
+     @see Pa_HostApiDeviceIndexToDeviceIndex
+    */
+    int deviceCount;
+
+    /** The default input device for this host API. The value will be a
+     device index ranging from 0 to (Pa_GetDeviceCount()-1), or paNoDevice
+     if no default input device is available.
+    */
+    PaDeviceIndex defaultInputDevice;
+
+    /** The default output device for this host API. The value will be a
+     device index ranging from 0 to (Pa_GetDeviceCount()-1), or paNoDevice
+     if no default output device is available.
+    */
+    PaDeviceIndex defaultOutputDevice;
+
+} PaHostApiInfo;
+
+
+/** Retrieve a pointer to a structure containing information about a specific
+ host Api.
+
+ @param hostApi A valid host API index ranging from 0 to (Pa_GetHostApiCount()-1)
+
+ @return A pointer to an immutable PaHostApiInfo structure describing
+ a specific host API. If the hostApi parameter is out of range or an error
+ is encountered, the function returns NULL.
+
+ The returned structure is owned by the PortAudio implementation and must not
+ be manipulated or freed. The pointer is only guaranteed to be valid between
+ calls to Pa_Initialize() and Pa_Terminate().
+*/
+const PaHostApiInfo * Pa_GetHostApiInfo( PaHostApiIndex hostApi );
+
+
+/** Convert a static host API unique identifier, into a runtime
+ host API index.
+
+ @param type A unique host API identifier belonging to the PaHostApiTypeId
+ enumeration.
+
+ @return A valid PaHostApiIndex ranging from 0 to (Pa_GetHostApiCount()-1) or,
+ a PaErrorCode (which are always negative) if PortAudio is not initialized
+ or an error is encountered.
+
+ The paHostApiNotFound error code indicates that the host API specified by the
+ type parameter is not available.
+
+ @see PaHostApiTypeId
+*/
+PaHostApiIndex Pa_HostApiTypeIdToHostApiIndex( PaHostApiTypeId type );
+
+
+/** Convert a host-API-specific device index to standard PortAudio device index.
+ This function may be used in conjunction with the deviceCount field of
+ PaHostApiInfo to enumerate all devices for the specified host API.
+
+ @param hostApi A valid host API index ranging from 0 to (Pa_GetHostApiCount()-1)
+
+ @param hostApiDeviceIndex A valid per-host device index in the range
+ 0 to (Pa_GetHostApiInfo(hostApi)->deviceCount-1)
+
+ @return A non-negative PaDeviceIndex ranging from 0 to (Pa_GetDeviceCount()-1)
+ or, a PaErrorCode (which are always negative) if PortAudio is not initialized
+ or an error is encountered.
+
+ A paInvalidHostApi error code indicates that the host API index specified by
+ the hostApi parameter is out of range.
+
+ A paInvalidDevice error code indicates that the hostApiDeviceIndex parameter
+ is out of range.
+
+ @see PaHostApiInfo
+*/
+PaDeviceIndex Pa_HostApiDeviceIndexToDeviceIndex( PaHostApiIndex hostApi,
+        int hostApiDeviceIndex );
+
+
+
+/** Structure used to return information about a host error condition.
+*/
+typedef struct PaHostErrorInfo{
+    PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType;    /**< the host API which returned the error code */
+    long errorCode;                 /**< the error code returned */
+    const char *errorText;          /**< a textual description of the error if available, otherwise a zero-length string */
+}PaHostErrorInfo;
+
+
+/** Return information about the last host error encountered. The error
+ information returned by Pa_GetLastHostErrorInfo() will never be modified
+ asynchronously by errors occurring in other PortAudio owned threads
+ (such as the thread that manages the stream callback.)
+
+ This function is provided as a last resort, primarily to enhance debugging
+ by providing clients with access to all available error information.
+
+ @return A pointer to an immutable structure constraining information about
+ the host error. The values in this structure will only be valid if a
+ PortAudio function has previously returned the paUnanticipatedHostError
+ error code.
+*/
+const PaHostErrorInfo* Pa_GetLastHostErrorInfo( void );
+
+
+
+/* Device enumeration and capabilities */
+
+/** Retrieve the number of available devices. The number of available devices
+ may be zero.
+
+ @return A non-negative value indicating the number of available devices or,
+ a PaErrorCode (which are always negative) if PortAudio is not initialized
+ or an error is encountered.
+*/
+PaDeviceIndex Pa_GetDeviceCount( void );
+
+
+/** Retrieve the index of the default input device. The result can be
+ used in the inputDevice parameter to Pa_OpenStream().
+
+ @return The default input device index for the default host API, or paNoDevice
+ if no default input device is available or an error was encountered.
+*/
+PaDeviceIndex Pa_GetDefaultInputDevice( void );
+
+
+/** Retrieve the index of the default output device. The result can be
+ used in the outputDevice parameter to Pa_OpenStream().
+
+ @return The default output device index for the default host API, or paNoDevice
+ if no default output device is available or an error was encountered.
+
+ @note
+ On the PC, the user can specify a default device by
+ setting an environment variable. For example, to use device #1.
+<pre>
+ set PA_RECOMMENDED_OUTPUT_DEVICE=1
+</pre>
+ The user should first determine the available device ids by using
+ the supplied application "pa_devs".
+*/
+PaDeviceIndex Pa_GetDefaultOutputDevice( void );
+
+
+/** The type used to represent monotonic time in seconds. PaTime is
+ used for the fields of the PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo argument to the
+ PaStreamCallback and as the result of Pa_GetStreamTime().
+
+ PaTime values have unspecified origin.
+
+ @see PaStreamCallback, PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo, Pa_GetStreamTime
+*/
+typedef double PaTime;
+
+
+/** A type used to specify one or more sample formats. Each value indicates
+ a possible format for sound data passed to and from the stream callback,
+ Pa_ReadStream and Pa_WriteStream.
+
+ The standard formats paFloat32, paInt16, paInt32, paInt24, paInt8
+ and aUInt8 are usually implemented by all implementations.
+
+ The floating point representation (paFloat32) uses +1.0 and -1.0 as the
+ maximum and minimum respectively.
+
+ paUInt8 is an unsigned 8 bit format where 128 is considered "ground"
+
+ The paNonInterleaved flag indicates that audio data is passed as an array
+ of pointers to separate buffers, one buffer for each channel. Usually,
+ when this flag is not used, audio data is passed as a single buffer with
+ all channels interleaved.
+
+ @see Pa_OpenStream, Pa_OpenDefaultStream, PaDeviceInfo
+ @see paFloat32, paInt16, paInt32, paInt24, paInt8
+ @see paUInt8, paCustomFormat, paNonInterleaved
+*/
+typedef unsigned long PaSampleFormat;
+
+#define paFloat32        ((PaSampleFormat) 0x00000001) /**< @see PaSampleFormat */
+#define paInt32          ((PaSampleFormat) 0x00000002) /**< @see PaSampleFormat */
+#define paInt24          ((PaSampleFormat) 0x00000004) /**< Packed 24 bit format. @see PaSampleFormat */
+#define paInt16          ((PaSampleFormat) 0x00000008) /**< @see PaSampleFormat */
+#define paInt8           ((PaSampleFormat) 0x00000010) /**< @see PaSampleFormat */
+#define paUInt8          ((PaSampleFormat) 0x00000020) /**< @see PaSampleFormat */
+#define paCustomFormat   ((PaSampleFormat) 0x00010000) /**< @see PaSampleFormat */
+
+#define paNonInterleaved ((PaSampleFormat) 0x80000000) /**< @see PaSampleFormat */
+
+/** A structure providing information and capabilities of PortAudio devices.
+ Devices may support input, output or both input and output.
+*/
+typedef struct PaDeviceInfo
+{
+    int structVersion;  /* this is struct version 2 */
+    const char *name;
+    PaHostApiIndex hostApi; /**< note this is a host API index, not a type id*/
+
+    int maxInputChannels;
+    int maxOutputChannels;
+
+    /** Default latency values for interactive performance. */
+    PaTime defaultLowInputLatency;
+    PaTime defaultLowOutputLatency;
+    /** Default latency values for robust non-interactive applications (eg. playing sound files). */
+    PaTime defaultHighInputLatency;
+    PaTime defaultHighOutputLatency;
+
+    double defaultSampleRate;
+} PaDeviceInfo;
+
+
+/** Retrieve a pointer to a PaDeviceInfo structure containing information
+ about the specified device.
+ @return A pointer to an immutable PaDeviceInfo structure. If the device
+ parameter is out of range the function returns NULL.
+
+ @param device A valid device index in the range 0 to (Pa_GetDeviceCount()-1)
+
+ @note PortAudio manages the memory referenced by the returned pointer,
+ the client must not manipulate or free the memory. The pointer is only
+ guaranteed to be valid between calls to Pa_Initialize() and Pa_Terminate().
+
+ @see PaDeviceInfo, PaDeviceIndex
+*/
+const PaDeviceInfo* Pa_GetDeviceInfo( PaDeviceIndex device );
+
+
+/** Parameters for one direction (input or output) of a stream.
+*/
+typedef struct PaStreamParameters
+{
+    /** A valid device index in the range 0 to (Pa_GetDeviceCount()-1)
+     specifying the device to be used or the special constant
+     paUseHostApiSpecificDeviceSpecification which indicates that the actual
+     device(s) to use are specified in hostApiSpecificStreamInfo.
+     This field must not be set to paNoDevice.
+    */
+    PaDeviceIndex device;
+
+    /** The number of channels of sound to be delivered to the
+     stream callback or accessed by Pa_ReadStream() or Pa_WriteStream().
+     It can range from 1 to the value of maxInputChannels in the
+     PaDeviceInfo record for the device specified by the device parameter.
+    */
+    int channelCount;
+
+    /** The sample format of the buffer provided to the stream callback,
+     a_ReadStream() or Pa_WriteStream(). It may be any of the formats described
+     by the PaSampleFormat enumeration.
+    */
+    PaSampleFormat sampleFormat;
+
+    /** The desired latency in seconds. Where practical, implementations should
+     configure their latency based on these parameters, otherwise they may
+     choose the closest viable latency instead. Unless the suggested latency
+     is greater than the absolute upper limit for the device implementations
+     should round the suggestedLatency up to the next practical value - ie to
+     provide an equal or higher latency than suggestedLatency wherever possible.
+     Actual latency values for an open stream may be retrieved using the
+     inputLatency and outputLatency fields of the PaStreamInfo structure
+     returned by Pa_GetStreamInfo().
+     @see default*Latency in PaDeviceInfo, *Latency in PaStreamInfo
+    */
+    PaTime suggestedLatency;
+
+    /** An optional pointer to a host api specific data structure
+     containing additional information for device setup and/or stream processing.
+     hostApiSpecificStreamInfo is never required for correct operation,
+     if not used it should be set to NULL.
+    */
+    void *hostApiSpecificStreamInfo;
+
+} PaStreamParameters;
+
+
+/** Return code for Pa_IsFormatSupported indicating success. */
+#define paFormatIsSupported (0)
+
+/** Determine whether it would be possible to open a stream with the specified
+ parameters.
+
+ @param inputParameters A structure that describes the input parameters used to
+ open a stream. The suggestedLatency field is ignored. See PaStreamParameters
+ for a description of these parameters. inputParameters must be NULL for
+ output-only streams.
+
+ @param outputParameters A structure that describes the output parameters used
+ to open a stream. The suggestedLatency field is ignored. See PaStreamParameters
+ for a description of these parameters. outputParameters must be NULL for
+ input-only streams.
+
+ @param sampleRate The required sampleRate. For full-duplex streams it is the
+ sample rate for both input and output
+
+ @return Returns 0 if the format is supported, and an error code indicating why
+ the format is not supported otherwise. The constant paFormatIsSupported is
+ provided to compare with the return value for success.
+
+ @see paFormatIsSupported, PaStreamParameters
+*/
+PaError Pa_IsFormatSupported( const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                              const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                              double sampleRate );
+
+
+
+/* Streaming types and functions */
+
+
+/**
+ A single PaStream can provide multiple channels of real-time
+ streaming audio input and output to a client application. A stream
+ provides access to audio hardware represented by one or more
+ PaDevices. Depending on the underlying Host API, it may be possible
+ to open multiple streams using the same device, however this behavior
+ is implementation defined. Portable applications should assume that
+ a PaDevice may be simultaneously used by at most one PaStream.
+
+ Pointers to PaStream objects are passed between PortAudio functions that
+ operate on streams.
+
+ @see Pa_OpenStream, Pa_OpenDefaultStream, Pa_OpenDefaultStream, Pa_CloseStream,
+ Pa_StartStream, Pa_StopStream, Pa_AbortStream, Pa_IsStreamActive,
+ Pa_GetStreamTime, Pa_GetStreamCpuLoad
+
+*/
+typedef void PaStream;
+
+
+/** Can be passed as the framesPerBuffer parameter to Pa_OpenStream()
+ or Pa_OpenDefaultStream() to indicate that the stream callback will
+ accept buffers of any size.
+*/
+#define paFramesPerBufferUnspecified  (0)
+
+
+/** Flags used to control the behavior of a stream. They are passed as
+ parameters to Pa_OpenStream or Pa_OpenDefaultStream. Multiple flags may be
+ ORed together.
+
+ @see Pa_OpenStream, Pa_OpenDefaultStream
+ @see paNoFlag, paClipOff, paDitherOff, paNeverDropInput,
+  paPrimeOutputBuffersUsingStreamCallback, paPlatformSpecificFlags
+*/
+typedef unsigned long PaStreamFlags;
+
+/** @see PaStreamFlags */
+#define   paNoFlag          ((PaStreamFlags) 0)
+
+/** Disable default clipping of out of range samples.
+ @see PaStreamFlags
+*/
+#define   paClipOff         ((PaStreamFlags) 0x00000001)
+
+/** Disable default dithering.
+ @see PaStreamFlags
+*/
+#define   paDitherOff       ((PaStreamFlags) 0x00000002)
+
+/** Flag requests that where possible a full duplex stream will not discard
+ overflowed input samples without calling the stream callback. This flag is
+ only valid for full duplex callback streams and only when used in combination
+ with the paFramesPerBufferUnspecified (0) framesPerBuffer parameter. Using
+ this flag incorrectly results in a paInvalidFlag error being returned from
+ Pa_OpenStream and Pa_OpenDefaultStream.
+
+ @see PaStreamFlags, paFramesPerBufferUnspecified
+*/
+#define   paNeverDropInput  ((PaStreamFlags) 0x00000004)
+
+/** Call the stream callback to fill initial output buffers, rather than the
+ default behavior of priming the buffers with zeros (silence). This flag has
+ no effect for input-only and blocking read/write streams.
+
+ @see PaStreamFlags
+*/
+#define   paPrimeOutputBuffersUsingStreamCallback ((PaStreamFlags) 0x00000008)
+
+/** A mask specifying the platform specific bits.
+ @see PaStreamFlags
+*/
+#define   paPlatformSpecificFlags ((PaStreamFlags)0xFFFF0000)
+
+/**
+ Timing information for the buffers passed to the stream callback.
+
+ Time values are expressed in seconds and are synchronised with the time base used by Pa_GetStreamTime() for the associated stream.
+
+ @see PaStreamCallback, Pa_GetStreamTime
+*/
+typedef struct PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo{
+    PaTime inputBufferAdcTime;  /**< The time when the first sample of the input buffer was captured at the ADC input */
+    PaTime currentTime;         /**< The time when the stream callback was invoked */
+    PaTime outputBufferDacTime; /**< The time when the first sample of the output buffer will output the DAC */
+} PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo;
+
+
+/**
+ Flag bit constants for the statusFlags to PaStreamCallback.
+
+ @see paInputUnderflow, paInputOverflow, paOutputUnderflow, paOutputOverflow,
+ paPrimingOutput
+*/
+typedef unsigned long PaStreamCallbackFlags;
+
+/** In a stream opened with paFramesPerBufferUnspecified, indicates that
+ input data is all silence (zeros) because no real data is available. In a
+ stream opened without paFramesPerBufferUnspecified, it indicates that one or
+ more zero samples have been inserted into the input buffer to compensate
+ for an input underflow.
+ @see PaStreamCallbackFlags
+*/
+#define paInputUnderflow   ((PaStreamCallbackFlags) 0x00000001)
+
+/** In a stream opened with paFramesPerBufferUnspecified, indicates that data
+ prior to the first sample of the input buffer was discarded due to an
+ overflow, possibly because the stream callback is using too much CPU time.
+ Otherwise indicates that data prior to one or more samples in the
+ input buffer was discarded.
+ @see PaStreamCallbackFlags
+*/
+#define paInputOverflow    ((PaStreamCallbackFlags) 0x00000002)
+
+/** Indicates that output data (or a gap) was inserted, possibly because the
+ stream callback is using too much CPU time.
+ @see PaStreamCallbackFlags
+*/
+#define paOutputUnderflow  ((PaStreamCallbackFlags) 0x00000004)
+
+/** Indicates that output data will be discarded because no room is available.
+ @see PaStreamCallbackFlags
+*/
+#define paOutputOverflow   ((PaStreamCallbackFlags) 0x00000008)
+
+/** Some of all of the output data will be used to prime the stream, input
+ data may be zero.
+ @see PaStreamCallbackFlags
+*/
+#define paPrimingOutput    ((PaStreamCallbackFlags) 0x00000010)
+
+/**
+ Allowable return values for the PaStreamCallback.
+ @see PaStreamCallback
+*/
+typedef enum PaStreamCallbackResult
+{
+    paContinue=0,   /**< Signal that the stream should continue invoking the callback and processing audio. */
+    paComplete=1,   /**< Signal that the stream should stop invoking the callback and finish once all output samples have played. */
+    paAbort=2       /**< Signal that the stream should stop invoking the callback and finish as soon as possible. */
+} PaStreamCallbackResult;
+
+
+/**
+ Functions of type PaStreamCallback are implemented by PortAudio clients.
+ They consume, process or generate audio in response to requests from an
+ active PortAudio stream.
+
+ When a stream is running, PortAudio calls the stream callback periodically.
+ The callback function is responsible for processing buffers of audio samples
+ passed via the input and output parameters.
+
+ The PortAudio stream callback runs at very high or real-time priority.
+ It is required to consistently meet its time deadlines. Do not allocate
+ memory, access the file system, call library functions or call other functions
+ from the stream callback that may block or take an unpredictable amount of
+ time to complete.
+
+ In order for a stream to maintain glitch-free operation the callback
+ must consume and return audio data faster than it is recorded and/or
+ played. PortAudio anticipates that each callback invocation may execute for
+ a duration approaching the duration of frameCount audio frames at the stream
+ sample rate. It is reasonable to expect to be able to utilise 70% or more of
+ the available CPU time in the PortAudio callback. However, due to buffer size
+ adaption and other factors, not all host APIs are able to guarantee audio
+ stability under heavy CPU load with arbitrary fixed callback buffer sizes.
+ When high callback CPU utilisation is required the most robust behavior
+ can be achieved by using paFramesPerBufferUnspecified as the
+ Pa_OpenStream() framesPerBuffer parameter.
+
+ @param input and @param output are either arrays of interleaved samples or;
+ if non-interleaved samples were requested using the paNonInterleaved sample
+ format flag, an array of buffer pointers, one non-interleaved buffer for
+ each channel.
+
+ The format, packing and number of channels used by the buffers are
+ determined by parameters to Pa_OpenStream().
+
+ @param frameCount The number of sample frames to be processed by
+ the stream callback.
+
+ @param timeInfo Timestamps indicating the ADC capture time of the first sample
+ in the input buffer, the DAC output time of the first sample in the output buffer
+ and the time the callback was invoked.
+ See PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo and Pa_GetStreamTime()
+
+ @param statusFlags Flags indicating whether input and/or output buffers
+ have been inserted or will be dropped to overcome underflow or overflow
+ conditions.
+
+ @param userData The value of a user supplied pointer passed to
+ Pa_OpenStream() intended for storing synthesis data etc.
+
+ @return
+ The stream callback should return one of the values in the
+ ::PaStreamCallbackResult enumeration. To ensure that the callback continues
+ to be called, it should return paContinue (0). Either paComplete or paAbort
+ can be returned to finish stream processing, after either of these values is
+ returned the callback will not be called again. If paAbort is returned the
+ stream will finish as soon as possible. If paComplete is returned, the stream
+ will continue until all buffers generated by the callback have been played.
+ This may be useful in applications such as soundfile players where a specific
+ duration of output is required. However, it is not necessary to utilize this
+ mechanism as Pa_StopStream(), Pa_AbortStream() or Pa_CloseStream() can also
+ be used to stop the stream. The callback must always fill the entire output
+ buffer irrespective of its return value.
+
+ @see Pa_OpenStream, Pa_OpenDefaultStream
+
+ @note With the exception of Pa_GetStreamCpuLoad() it is not permissible to call
+ PortAudio API functions from within the stream callback.
+*/
+typedef int PaStreamCallback(
+    const void *input, void *output,
+    unsigned long frameCount,
+    const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo* timeInfo,
+    PaStreamCallbackFlags statusFlags,
+    void *userData );
+
+
+/** Opens a stream for either input, output or both.
+
+ @param stream The address of a PaStream pointer which will receive
+ a pointer to the newly opened stream.
+
+ @param inputParameters A structure that describes the input parameters used by
+ the opened stream. See PaStreamParameters for a description of these parameters.
+ inputParameters must be NULL for output-only streams.
+
+ @param outputParameters A structure that describes the output parameters used by
+ the opened stream. See PaStreamParameters for a description of these parameters.
+ outputParameters must be NULL for input-only streams.
+
+ @param sampleRate The desired sampleRate. For full-duplex streams it is the
+ sample rate for both input and output. Note that the actual sampleRate
+ may differ very slightly from the desired rate because of hardware limitations.
+ The exact rate can be queried using Pa_GetStreamInfo(). If nothing close
+ to the desired sampleRate is available then the open will fail and return an error.
+
+ @param framesPerBuffer The number of frames passed to the stream callback
+ function, or the preferred block granularity for a blocking read/write stream.
+ The special value paFramesPerBufferUnspecified (0) may be used to request that
+ the stream callback will receive an optimal (and possibly varying) number of
+ frames based on host requirements and the requested latency settings.
+ Note: With some host APIs, the use of non-zero framesPerBuffer for a callback
+ stream may introduce an additional layer of buffering which could introduce
+ additional latency. PortAudio guarantees that the additional latency
+ will be kept to the theoretical minimum however, it is strongly recommended
+ that a non-zero framesPerBuffer value only be used when your algorithm
+ requires a fixed number of frames per stream callback.
+
+ @param streamFlags Flags which modify the behavior of the streaming process.
+ This parameter may contain a combination of flags ORed together. Some flags may
+ only be relevant to certain buffer formats.
+
+ @param streamCallback A pointer to a client supplied function that is responsible
+ for processing and filling input and output buffers. If this parameter is NULL
+ the stream will be opened in 'blocking read/write' mode. In blocking mode,
+ the client can receive sample data using Pa_ReadStream and write sample data
+ using Pa_WriteStream, the number of samples that may be read or written
+ without blocking is returned by Pa_GetStreamReadAvailable and
+ Pa_GetStreamWriteAvailable respectively.
+
+ @param userData A client supplied pointer which is passed to the stream callback
+ function. It could for example, contain a pointer to instance data necessary
+ for processing the audio buffers. This parameter is ignored if streamCallback
+ is NULL.
+
+ @return
+ Upon success Pa_OpenStream() returns paNoError and places a pointer to a
+ valid PaStream in the stream argument. The stream is inactive (stopped).
+ If a call to Pa_OpenStream() fails, a non-zero error code is returned (see
+ PaError for possible error codes) and the value of stream is invalid.
+
+ @see PaStreamParameters, PaStreamCallback, Pa_ReadStream, Pa_WriteStream,
+ Pa_GetStreamReadAvailable, Pa_GetStreamWriteAvailable
+*/
+PaError Pa_OpenStream( PaStream** stream,
+                       const PaStreamParameters *inputParameters,
+                       const PaStreamParameters *outputParameters,
+                       double sampleRate,
+                       unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                       PaStreamFlags streamFlags,
+                       PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                       void *userData );
+
+
+/** A simplified version of Pa_OpenStream() that opens the default input
+ and/or output devices.
+
+ @param stream The address of a PaStream pointer which will receive
+ a pointer to the newly opened stream.
+
+ @param numInputChannels  The number of channels of sound that will be supplied
+ to the stream callback or returned by Pa_ReadStream. It can range from 1 to
+ the value of maxInputChannels in the PaDeviceInfo record for the default input
+ device. If 0 the stream is opened as an output-only stream.
+
+ @param numOutputChannels The number of channels of sound to be delivered to the
+ stream callback or passed to Pa_WriteStream. It can range from 1 to the value
+ of maxOutputChannels in the PaDeviceInfo record for the default output device.
+ If 0 the stream is opened as an input-only stream.
+
+ @param sampleFormat The sample format of both the input and output buffers
+ provided to the callback or passed to and from Pa_ReadStream and Pa_WriteStream.
+ sampleFormat may be any of the formats described by the PaSampleFormat
+ enumeration.
+
+ @param sampleRate Same as Pa_OpenStream parameter of the same name.
+ @param framesPerBuffer Same as Pa_OpenStream parameter of the same name.
+ @param streamCallback Same as Pa_OpenStream parameter of the same name.
+ @param userData Same as Pa_OpenStream parameter of the same name.
+
+ @return As for Pa_OpenStream
+
+ @see Pa_OpenStream, PaStreamCallback
+*/
+PaError Pa_OpenDefaultStream( PaStream** stream,
+                              int numInputChannels,
+                              int numOutputChannels,
+                              PaSampleFormat sampleFormat,
+                              double sampleRate,
+                              unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+                              PaStreamCallback *streamCallback,
+                              void *userData );
+
+
+/** Closes an audio stream. If the audio stream is active it
+ discards any pending buffers as if Pa_AbortStream() had been called.
+*/
+PaError Pa_CloseStream( PaStream *stream );
+
+
+/** Functions of type PaStreamFinishedCallback are implemented by PortAudio
+ clients. They can be registered with a stream using the Pa_SetStreamFinishedCallback
+ function. Once registered they are called when the stream becomes inactive
+ (ie once a call to Pa_StopStream() will not block).
+ A stream will become inactive after the stream callback returns non-zero,
+ or when Pa_StopStream or Pa_AbortStream is called. For a stream providing audio
+ output, if the stream callback returns paComplete, or Pa_StopStream() is called,
+ the stream finished callback will not be called until all generated sample data
+ has been played.
+
+ @param userData The userData parameter supplied to Pa_OpenStream()
+
+ @see Pa_SetStreamFinishedCallback
+*/
+typedef void PaStreamFinishedCallback( void *userData );
+
+
+/** Register a stream finished callback function which will be called when the
+ stream becomes inactive. See the description of PaStreamFinishedCallback for
+ further details about when the callback will be called.
+
+ @param stream a pointer to a PaStream that is in the stopped state - if the
+ stream is not stopped, the stream's finished callback will remain unchanged
+ and an error code will be returned.
+
+ @param streamFinishedCallback a pointer to a function with the same signature
+ as PaStreamFinishedCallback, that will be called when the stream becomes
+ inactive. Passing NULL for this parameter will un-register a previously
+ registered stream finished callback function.
+
+ @return on success returns paNoError, otherwise an error code indicating the cause
+ of the error.
+
+ @see PaStreamFinishedCallback
+*/
+PaError Pa_SetStreamFinishedCallback( PaStream *stream, PaStreamFinishedCallback* streamFinishedCallback );
+
+
+/** Commences audio processing.
+*/
+PaError Pa_StartStream( PaStream *stream );
+
+
+/** Terminates audio processing. It waits until all pending
+ audio buffers have been played before it returns.
+*/
+PaError Pa_StopStream( PaStream *stream );
+
+
+/** Terminates audio processing immediately without waiting for pending
+ buffers to complete.
+*/
+PaError Pa_AbortStream( PaStream *stream );
+
+
+/** Determine whether the stream is stopped.
+ A stream is considered to be stopped prior to a successful call to
+ Pa_StartStream and after a successful call to Pa_StopStream or Pa_AbortStream.
+ If a stream callback returns a value other than paContinue the stream is NOT
+ considered to be stopped.
+
+ @return Returns one (1) when the stream is stopped, zero (0) when
+ the stream is running or, a PaErrorCode (which are always negative) if
+ PortAudio is not initialized or an error is encountered.
+
+ @see Pa_StopStream, Pa_AbortStream, Pa_IsStreamActive
+*/
+PaError Pa_IsStreamStopped( PaStream *stream );
+
+
+/** Determine whether the stream is active.
+ A stream is active after a successful call to Pa_StartStream(), until it
+ becomes inactive either as a result of a call to Pa_StopStream() or
+ Pa_AbortStream(), or as a result of a return value other than paContinue from
+ the stream callback. In the latter case, the stream is considered inactive
+ after the last buffer has finished playing.
+
+ @return Returns one (1) when the stream is active (ie playing or recording
+ audio), zero (0) when not playing or, a PaErrorCode (which are always negative)
+ if PortAudio is not initialized or an error is encountered.
+
+ @see Pa_StopStream, Pa_AbortStream, Pa_IsStreamStopped
+*/
+PaError Pa_IsStreamActive( PaStream *stream );
+
+
+
+/** A structure containing unchanging information about an open stream.
+ @see Pa_GetStreamInfo
+*/
+
+typedef struct PaStreamInfo
+{
+    /** this is struct version 1 */
+    int structVersion;
+
+    /** The input latency of the stream in seconds. This value provides the most
+     accurate estimate of input latency available to the implementation. It may
+     differ significantly from the suggestedLatency value passed to Pa_OpenStream().
+     The value of this field will be zero (0.) for output-only streams.
+     @see PaTime
+    */
+    PaTime inputLatency;
+
+    /** The output latency of the stream in seconds. This value provides the most
+     accurate estimate of output latency available to the implementation. It may
+     differ significantly from the suggestedLatency value passed to Pa_OpenStream().
+     The value of this field will be zero (0.) for input-only streams.
+     @see PaTime
+    */
+    PaTime outputLatency;
+
+    /** The sample rate of the stream in Hertz (samples per second). In cases
+     where the hardware sample rate is inaccurate and PortAudio is aware of it,
+     the value of this field may be different from the sampleRate parameter
+     passed to Pa_OpenStream(). If information about the actual hardware sample
+     rate is not available, this field will have the same value as the sampleRate
+     parameter passed to Pa_OpenStream().
+    */
+    double sampleRate;
+
+} PaStreamInfo;
+
+
+/** Retrieve a pointer to a PaStreamInfo structure containing information
+ about the specified stream.
+ @return A pointer to an immutable PaStreamInfo structure. If the stream
+ parameter is invalid, or an error is encountered, the function returns NULL.
+
+ @param stream A pointer to an open stream previously created with Pa_OpenStream.
+
+ @note PortAudio manages the memory referenced by the returned pointer,
+ the client must not manipulate or free the memory. The pointer is only
+ guaranteed to be valid until the specified stream is closed.
+
+ @see PaStreamInfo
+*/
+const PaStreamInfo* Pa_GetStreamInfo( PaStream *stream );
+
+
+/** Returns the current time in seconds for a stream according to the same clock used
+ to generate callback PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo timestamps. The time values are
+ monotonically increasing and have unspecified origin.
+
+ Pa_GetStreamTime returns valid time values for the entire life of the stream,
+ from when the stream is opened until it is closed. Starting and stopping the stream
+ does not affect the passage of time returned by Pa_GetStreamTime.
+
+ This time may be used for synchronizing other events to the audio stream, for
+ example synchronizing audio to MIDI.
+
+ @return The stream's current time in seconds, or 0 if an error occurred.
+
+ @see PaTime, PaStreamCallback, PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo
+*/
+PaTime Pa_GetStreamTime( PaStream *stream );
+
+
+/** Retrieve CPU usage information for the specified stream.
+ The "CPU Load" is a fraction of total CPU time consumed by a callback stream's
+ audio processing routines including, but not limited to the client supplied
+ stream callback. This function does not work with blocking read/write streams.
+
+ This function may be called from the stream callback function or the
+ application.
+
+ @return
+ A floating point value, typically between 0.0 and 1.0, where 1.0 indicates
+ that the stream callback is consuming the maximum number of CPU cycles possible
+ to maintain real-time operation. A value of 0.5 would imply that PortAudio and
+ the stream callback was consuming roughly 50% of the available CPU time. The
+ return value may exceed 1.0. A value of 0.0 will always be returned for a
+ blocking read/write stream, or if an error occurs.
+*/
+double Pa_GetStreamCpuLoad( PaStream* stream );
+
+
+/** Read samples from an input stream. The function doesn't return until
+ the entire buffer has been filled - this may involve waiting for the operating
+ system to supply the data.
+
+ Reading from a stream that is stopped is not currently supported. In particular,
+ it is not possible to drain the read buffer by calling Pa_ReadStream after
+ calling Pa_StopStream.
+
+ @param stream A pointer to an open stream previously created with Pa_OpenStream.
+
+ @param buffer A pointer to a buffer of sample frames. The buffer contains
+ samples in the format specified by the inputParameters->sampleFormat field
+ used to open the stream, and the number of channels specified by
+ inputParameters->numChannels. If non-interleaved samples were requested using
+ the paNonInterleaved sample format flag, buffer is a pointer to the first element
+ of an array of buffer pointers, one non-interleaved buffer for each channel.
+
+ @param frames The number of frames to be read into buffer. This parameter
+ is not constrained to a specific range, however high performance applications
+ will want to match this parameter to the framesPerBuffer parameter used
+ when opening the stream.
+
+ @return On success PaNoError will be returned, or PaInputOverflowed if input
+ data was discarded by PortAudio after the previous call and before this call.
+*/
+PaError Pa_ReadStream( PaStream* stream,
+                       void *buffer,
+                       unsigned long frames );
+
+
+/** Write samples to an output stream. This function doesn't return until the
+ entire buffer has been written - this may involve waiting for the operating
+ system to consume the data.
+
+ Writing to a stream that is stopped is not currently supported. In particular,
+ it is not possible to prefill the write buffer by calling Pa_WriteStream
+ prior to calling Pa_StartStream.
+
+ @param stream A pointer to an open stream previously created with Pa_OpenStream.
+
+ @param buffer A pointer to a buffer of sample frames. The buffer contains
+ samples in the format specified by the outputParameters->sampleFormat field
+ used to open the stream, and the number of channels specified by
+ outputParameters->numChannels. If non-interleaved samples were requested using
+ the paNonInterleaved sample format flag, buffer is a pointer to the first element
+ of an array of buffer pointers, one non-interleaved buffer for each channel.
+
+ @param frames The number of frames to be written from buffer. This parameter
+ is not constrained to a specific range, however high performance applications
+ will want to match this parameter to the framesPerBuffer parameter used
+ when opening the stream.
+
+ @return On success PaNoError will be returned, or paOutputUnderflowed if
+ additional output data was inserted after the previous call and before this
+ call.
+*/
+PaError Pa_WriteStream( PaStream* stream,
+                        const void *buffer,
+                        unsigned long frames );
+
+
+/** Retrieve the number of frames that can be read from the stream without
+ waiting.
+
+ When the stream is stopped the return value of Pa_GetStreamReadAvailable is not
+ defined.
+
+ @return Returns a non-negative value representing the maximum number of frames
+ that can be read from the stream without blocking or busy waiting or, a
+ PaErrorCode (which are always negative) if PortAudio is not initialized or an
+ error is encountered.
+*/
+signed long Pa_GetStreamReadAvailable( PaStream* stream );
+
+
+/** Retrieve the number of frames that can be written to the stream without
+ waiting.
+
+ When the stream is stopped the return value of Pa_GetStreamWriteAvailable is not
+ defined.
+
+ @return Returns a non-negative value representing the maximum number of frames
+ that can be written to the stream without blocking or busy waiting or, a
+ PaErrorCode (which are always negative) if PortAudio is not initialized or an
+ error is encountered.
+*/
+signed long Pa_GetStreamWriteAvailable( PaStream* stream );
+
+
+/* Miscellaneous utilities */
+
+
+/** Retrieve the size of a given sample format in bytes.
+
+ @return The size in bytes of a single sample in the specified format,
+ or paSampleFormatNotSupported if the format is not supported.
+*/
+PaError Pa_GetSampleSize( PaSampleFormat format );
+
+
+/** Put the caller to sleep for at least 'msec' milliseconds. This function is
+ provided only as a convenience for authors of portable code (such as the tests
+ and examples in the PortAudio distribution.)
+
+ The function may sleep longer than requested so don't rely on this for accurate
+ musical timing.
+*/
+void Pa_Sleep( long msec );
+
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#endif /* PORTAUDIO_H */
diff --git a/Source/Sndfile/Sndfile.Build.cs b/Source/Sndfile/Sndfile.Build.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f1cb9d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Sndfile/Sndfile.Build.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+using System.IO;
+using UnrealBuildTool;
+
+
+public class Sndfile : ModuleRules
+{
+	public Sndfile(ReadOnlyTargetRules Target) : base(Target)
+	{
+		PublicIncludePaths.Add(ModuleDirectory);
+		string LibDir = Path.Combine(ModuleDirectory, "lib");
+		PublicAdditionalLibraries.Add(Path.Combine(LibDir, "sndfile.lib"));
+		RuntimeDependencies.Add("$(BinaryOutputDir)/sndfile.dll", Path.Combine(LibDir, "sndfile.dll"));
+	}
+}
diff --git a/Source/Sndfile/lib/sndfile.dll b/Source/Sndfile/lib/sndfile.dll
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..14545e4
Binary files /dev/null and b/Source/Sndfile/lib/sndfile.dll differ
diff --git a/Source/Sndfile/lib/sndfile.lib b/Source/Sndfile/lib/sndfile.lib
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0010ce9
Binary files /dev/null and b/Source/Sndfile/lib/sndfile.lib differ
diff --git a/Source/Sndfile/sndfile.h b/Source/Sndfile/sndfile.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ed99208
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Sndfile/sndfile.h
@@ -0,0 +1,885 @@
+/*
+** Copyright (C) 1999-2016 Erik de Castro Lopo <erikd@mega-nerd.com>
+**
+** This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+** it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+** the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
+** (at your option) any later version.
+**
+** This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+** but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+** MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+** GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+**
+** You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+** along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+** Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
+*/
+
+/*
+** sndfile.h -- system-wide definitions
+**
+** API documentation is in the doc/ directory of the source code tarball
+** and at http://libsndfile.github.io/libsndfile/api.html.
+*/
+
+#ifndef SNDFILE_H
+#define SNDFILE_H
+
+/* This is the version 1.0.X header file. */
+#define	SNDFILE_1
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif	/* __cplusplus */
+
+/* The following file types can be read and written.
+** A file type would consist of a major type (ie SF_FORMAT_WAV) bitwise
+** ORed with a minor type (ie SF_FORMAT_PCM). SF_FORMAT_TYPEMASK and
+** SF_FORMAT_SUBMASK can be used to separate the major and minor file
+** types.
+*/
+
+enum
+{	/* Major formats. */
+	SF_FORMAT_WAV			= 0x010000,		/* Microsoft WAV format (little endian default). */
+	SF_FORMAT_AIFF			= 0x020000,		/* Apple/SGI AIFF format (big endian). */
+	SF_FORMAT_AU			= 0x030000,		/* Sun/NeXT AU format (big endian). */
+	SF_FORMAT_RAW			= 0x040000,		/* RAW PCM data. */
+	SF_FORMAT_PAF			= 0x050000,		/* Ensoniq PARIS file format. */
+	SF_FORMAT_SVX			= 0x060000,		/* Amiga IFF / SVX8 / SV16 format. */
+	SF_FORMAT_NIST			= 0x070000,		/* Sphere NIST format. */
+	SF_FORMAT_VOC			= 0x080000,		/* VOC files. */
+	SF_FORMAT_IRCAM			= 0x0A0000,		/* Berkeley/IRCAM/CARL */
+	SF_FORMAT_W64			= 0x0B0000,		/* Sonic Foundry's 64 bit RIFF/WAV */
+	SF_FORMAT_MAT4			= 0x0C0000,		/* Matlab (tm) V4.2 / GNU Octave 2.0 */
+	SF_FORMAT_MAT5			= 0x0D0000,		/* Matlab (tm) V5.0 / GNU Octave 2.1 */
+	SF_FORMAT_PVF			= 0x0E0000,		/* Portable Voice Format */
+	SF_FORMAT_XI			= 0x0F0000,		/* Fasttracker 2 Extended Instrument */
+	SF_FORMAT_HTK			= 0x100000,		/* HMM Tool Kit format */
+	SF_FORMAT_SDS			= 0x110000,		/* Midi Sample Dump Standard */
+	SF_FORMAT_AVR			= 0x120000,		/* Audio Visual Research */
+	SF_FORMAT_WAVEX			= 0x130000,		/* MS WAVE with WAVEFORMATEX */
+	SF_FORMAT_SD2			= 0x160000,		/* Sound Designer 2 */
+	SF_FORMAT_FLAC			= 0x170000,		/* FLAC lossless file format */
+	SF_FORMAT_CAF			= 0x180000,		/* Core Audio File format */
+	SF_FORMAT_WVE			= 0x190000,		/* Psion WVE format */
+	SF_FORMAT_OGG			= 0x200000,		/* Xiph OGG container */
+	SF_FORMAT_MPC2K			= 0x210000,		/* Akai MPC 2000 sampler */
+	SF_FORMAT_RF64			= 0x220000,		/* RF64 WAV file */
+	SF_FORMAT_MPEG			= 0x230000,		/* MPEG-1/2 audio stream */
+
+	/* Subtypes from here on. */
+
+	SF_FORMAT_PCM_S8		= 0x0001,		/* Signed 8 bit data */
+	SF_FORMAT_PCM_16		= 0x0002,		/* Signed 16 bit data */
+	SF_FORMAT_PCM_24		= 0x0003,		/* Signed 24 bit data */
+	SF_FORMAT_PCM_32		= 0x0004,		/* Signed 32 bit data */
+
+	SF_FORMAT_PCM_U8		= 0x0005,		/* Unsigned 8 bit data (WAV and RAW only) */
+
+	SF_FORMAT_FLOAT			= 0x0006,		/* 32 bit float data */
+	SF_FORMAT_DOUBLE		= 0x0007,		/* 64 bit float data */
+
+	SF_FORMAT_ULAW			= 0x0010,		/* U-Law encoded. */
+	SF_FORMAT_ALAW			= 0x0011,		/* A-Law encoded. */
+	SF_FORMAT_IMA_ADPCM		= 0x0012,		/* IMA ADPCM. */
+	SF_FORMAT_MS_ADPCM		= 0x0013,		/* Microsoft ADPCM. */
+
+	SF_FORMAT_GSM610		= 0x0020,		/* GSM 6.10 encoding. */
+	SF_FORMAT_VOX_ADPCM		= 0x0021,		/* OKI / Dialogix ADPCM */
+
+	SF_FORMAT_NMS_ADPCM_16	= 0x0022,		/* 16kbs NMS G721-variant encoding. */
+	SF_FORMAT_NMS_ADPCM_24	= 0x0023,		/* 24kbs NMS G721-variant encoding. */
+	SF_FORMAT_NMS_ADPCM_32	= 0x0024,		/* 32kbs NMS G721-variant encoding. */
+
+	SF_FORMAT_G721_32		= 0x0030,		/* 32kbs G721 ADPCM encoding. */
+	SF_FORMAT_G723_24		= 0x0031,		/* 24kbs G723 ADPCM encoding. */
+	SF_FORMAT_G723_40		= 0x0032,		/* 40kbs G723 ADPCM encoding. */
+
+	SF_FORMAT_DWVW_12		= 0x0040, 		/* 12 bit Delta Width Variable Word encoding. */
+	SF_FORMAT_DWVW_16		= 0x0041, 		/* 16 bit Delta Width Variable Word encoding. */
+	SF_FORMAT_DWVW_24		= 0x0042, 		/* 24 bit Delta Width Variable Word encoding. */
+	SF_FORMAT_DWVW_N		= 0x0043, 		/* N bit Delta Width Variable Word encoding. */
+
+	SF_FORMAT_DPCM_8		= 0x0050,		/* 8 bit differential PCM (XI only) */
+	SF_FORMAT_DPCM_16		= 0x0051,		/* 16 bit differential PCM (XI only) */
+
+	SF_FORMAT_VORBIS		= 0x0060,		/* Xiph Vorbis encoding. */
+	SF_FORMAT_OPUS			= 0x0064,		/* Xiph/Skype Opus encoding. */
+
+	SF_FORMAT_ALAC_16		= 0x0070,		/* Apple Lossless Audio Codec (16 bit). */
+	SF_FORMAT_ALAC_20		= 0x0071,		/* Apple Lossless Audio Codec (20 bit). */
+	SF_FORMAT_ALAC_24		= 0x0072,		/* Apple Lossless Audio Codec (24 bit). */
+	SF_FORMAT_ALAC_32		= 0x0073,		/* Apple Lossless Audio Codec (32 bit). */
+
+	SF_FORMAT_MPEG_LAYER_I	= 0x0080,		/* MPEG-1 Audio Layer I */
+	SF_FORMAT_MPEG_LAYER_II	= 0x0081,		/* MPEG-1 Audio Layer II */
+	SF_FORMAT_MPEG_LAYER_III = 0x0082,		/* MPEG-2 Audio Layer III */
+
+	/* Endian-ness options. */
+
+	SF_ENDIAN_FILE			= 0x00000000,	/* Default file endian-ness. */
+	SF_ENDIAN_LITTLE		= 0x10000000,	/* Force little endian-ness. */
+	SF_ENDIAN_BIG			= 0x20000000,	/* Force big endian-ness. */
+	SF_ENDIAN_CPU			= 0x30000000,	/* Force CPU endian-ness. */
+
+	SF_FORMAT_SUBMASK		= 0x0000FFFF,
+	SF_FORMAT_TYPEMASK		= 0x0FFF0000,
+	SF_FORMAT_ENDMASK		= 0x30000000
+} ;
+
+/*
+** The following are the valid command numbers for the sf_command()
+** interface.  The use of these commands is documented in the file
+** command.html in the doc directory of the source code distribution.
+*/
+
+enum
+{	SFC_GET_LIB_VERSION				= 0x1000,
+	SFC_GET_LOG_INFO				= 0x1001,
+	SFC_GET_CURRENT_SF_INFO			= 0x1002,
+
+
+	SFC_GET_NORM_DOUBLE				= 0x1010,
+	SFC_GET_NORM_FLOAT				= 0x1011,
+	SFC_SET_NORM_DOUBLE				= 0x1012,
+	SFC_SET_NORM_FLOAT				= 0x1013,
+	SFC_SET_SCALE_FLOAT_INT_READ	= 0x1014,
+	SFC_SET_SCALE_INT_FLOAT_WRITE	= 0x1015,
+
+	SFC_GET_SIMPLE_FORMAT_COUNT		= 0x1020,
+	SFC_GET_SIMPLE_FORMAT			= 0x1021,
+
+	SFC_GET_FORMAT_INFO				= 0x1028,
+
+	SFC_GET_FORMAT_MAJOR_COUNT		= 0x1030,
+	SFC_GET_FORMAT_MAJOR			= 0x1031,
+	SFC_GET_FORMAT_SUBTYPE_COUNT	= 0x1032,
+	SFC_GET_FORMAT_SUBTYPE			= 0x1033,
+
+	SFC_CALC_SIGNAL_MAX				= 0x1040,
+	SFC_CALC_NORM_SIGNAL_MAX		= 0x1041,
+	SFC_CALC_MAX_ALL_CHANNELS		= 0x1042,
+	SFC_CALC_NORM_MAX_ALL_CHANNELS	= 0x1043,
+	SFC_GET_SIGNAL_MAX				= 0x1044,
+	SFC_GET_MAX_ALL_CHANNELS		= 0x1045,
+
+	SFC_SET_ADD_PEAK_CHUNK			= 0x1050,
+
+	SFC_UPDATE_HEADER_NOW			= 0x1060,
+	SFC_SET_UPDATE_HEADER_AUTO		= 0x1061,
+
+	SFC_FILE_TRUNCATE				= 0x1080,
+
+	SFC_SET_RAW_START_OFFSET		= 0x1090,
+
+	/* Commands reserved for dithering, which is not implemented. */
+	SFC_SET_DITHER_ON_WRITE			= 0x10A0,
+	SFC_SET_DITHER_ON_READ			= 0x10A1,
+
+	SFC_GET_DITHER_INFO_COUNT		= 0x10A2,
+	SFC_GET_DITHER_INFO				= 0x10A3,
+
+	SFC_GET_EMBED_FILE_INFO			= 0x10B0,
+
+	SFC_SET_CLIPPING				= 0x10C0,
+	SFC_GET_CLIPPING				= 0x10C1,
+
+	SFC_GET_CUE_COUNT				= 0x10CD,
+	SFC_GET_CUE						= 0x10CE,
+	SFC_SET_CUE						= 0x10CF,
+
+	SFC_GET_INSTRUMENT				= 0x10D0,
+	SFC_SET_INSTRUMENT				= 0x10D1,
+
+	SFC_GET_LOOP_INFO				= 0x10E0,
+
+	SFC_GET_BROADCAST_INFO			= 0x10F0,
+	SFC_SET_BROADCAST_INFO			= 0x10F1,
+
+	SFC_GET_CHANNEL_MAP_INFO		= 0x1100,
+	SFC_SET_CHANNEL_MAP_INFO		= 0x1101,
+
+	SFC_RAW_DATA_NEEDS_ENDSWAP		= 0x1110,
+
+	/* Support for Wavex Ambisonics Format */
+	SFC_WAVEX_SET_AMBISONIC			= 0x1200,
+	SFC_WAVEX_GET_AMBISONIC			= 0x1201,
+
+	/*
+	** RF64 files can be set so that on-close, writable files that have less
+	** than 4GB of data in them are converted to RIFF/WAV, as per EBU
+	** recommendations.
+	*/
+	SFC_RF64_AUTO_DOWNGRADE			= 0x1210,
+
+	SFC_SET_VBR_ENCODING_QUALITY	= 0x1300,
+	SFC_SET_COMPRESSION_LEVEL		= 0x1301,
+
+	/* Ogg format commands */
+	SFC_SET_OGG_PAGE_LATENCY_MS		= 0x1302,
+	SFC_SET_OGG_PAGE_LATENCY		= 0x1303,
+	SFC_GET_OGG_STREAM_SERIALNO		= 0x1306,
+
+	SFC_GET_BITRATE_MODE			= 0x1304,
+	SFC_SET_BITRATE_MODE			= 0x1305,
+
+	/* Cart Chunk support */
+	SFC_SET_CART_INFO				= 0x1400,
+	SFC_GET_CART_INFO				= 0x1401,
+
+	/* Opus files original samplerate metadata */
+	SFC_SET_ORIGINAL_SAMPLERATE		= 0x1500,
+	SFC_GET_ORIGINAL_SAMPLERATE		= 0x1501,
+
+	/* Following commands for testing only. */
+	SFC_TEST_IEEE_FLOAT_REPLACE		= 0x6001,
+
+	/*
+	** These SFC_SET_ADD_* values are deprecated and will disappear at some
+	** time in the future. They are guaranteed to be here up to and
+	** including version 1.0.8 to avoid breakage of existing software.
+	** They currently do nothing and will continue to do nothing.
+	*/
+	SFC_SET_ADD_HEADER_PAD_CHUNK	= 0x1051,
+
+	SFC_SET_ADD_DITHER_ON_WRITE		= 0x1070,
+	SFC_SET_ADD_DITHER_ON_READ		= 0x1071
+} ;
+
+
+/*
+** String types that can be set and read from files. Not all file types
+** support this and even the file types which support one, may not support
+** all string types.
+*/
+
+enum
+{	SF_STR_TITLE					= 0x01,
+	SF_STR_COPYRIGHT				= 0x02,
+	SF_STR_SOFTWARE					= 0x03,
+	SF_STR_ARTIST					= 0x04,
+	SF_STR_COMMENT					= 0x05,
+	SF_STR_DATE						= 0x06,
+	SF_STR_ALBUM					= 0x07,
+	SF_STR_LICENSE					= 0x08,
+	SF_STR_TRACKNUMBER				= 0x09,
+	SF_STR_GENRE					= 0x10
+} ;
+
+/*
+** Use the following as the start and end index when doing metadata
+** transcoding.
+*/
+
+#define	SF_STR_FIRST	SF_STR_TITLE
+#define	SF_STR_LAST		SF_STR_GENRE
+
+enum
+{	/* True and false */
+	SF_FALSE	= 0,
+	SF_TRUE		= 1,
+
+	/* Modes for opening files. */
+	SFM_READ	= 0x10,
+	SFM_WRITE	= 0x20,
+	SFM_RDWR	= 0x30,
+
+	SF_AMBISONIC_NONE		= 0x40,
+	SF_AMBISONIC_B_FORMAT	= 0x41
+} ;
+
+/* Public error values. These are guaranteed to remain unchanged for the duration
+** of the library major version number.
+** There are also a large number of private error numbers which are internal to
+** the library which can change at any time.
+*/
+
+enum
+{	SF_ERR_NO_ERROR				= 0,
+	SF_ERR_UNRECOGNISED_FORMAT	= 1,
+	SF_ERR_SYSTEM				= 2,
+	SF_ERR_MALFORMED_FILE		= 3,
+	SF_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_ENCODING	= 4
+} ;
+
+
+/* Channel map values (used with SFC_SET/GET_CHANNEL_MAP).
+*/
+
+enum
+{	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_INVALID = 0,
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_MONO = 1,
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_LEFT,					/* Apple calls this 'Left' */
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_RIGHT,					/* Apple calls this 'Right' */
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_CENTER,					/* Apple calls this 'Center' */
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_FRONT_LEFT,
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_FRONT_RIGHT,
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_FRONT_CENTER,
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_REAR_CENTER,				/* Apple calls this 'Center Surround', Msft calls this 'Back Center' */
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_REAR_LEFT,				/* Apple calls this 'Left Surround', Msft calls this 'Back Left' */
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_REAR_RIGHT,				/* Apple calls this 'Right Surround', Msft calls this 'Back Right' */
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_LFE,						/* Apple calls this 'LFEScreen', Msft calls this 'Low Frequency'  */
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_FRONT_LEFT_OF_CENTER,	/* Apple calls this 'Left Center' */
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_FRONT_RIGHT_OF_CENTER,	/* Apple calls this 'Right Center */
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_SIDE_LEFT,				/* Apple calls this 'Left Surround Direct' */
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_SIDE_RIGHT,				/* Apple calls this 'Right Surround Direct' */
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_TOP_CENTER,				/* Apple calls this 'Top Center Surround' */
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_TOP_FRONT_LEFT,			/* Apple calls this 'Vertical Height Left' */
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_TOP_FRONT_RIGHT,			/* Apple calls this 'Vertical Height Right' */
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_TOP_FRONT_CENTER,		/* Apple calls this 'Vertical Height Center' */
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_TOP_REAR_LEFT,			/* Apple and MS call this 'Top Back Left' */
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_TOP_REAR_RIGHT,			/* Apple and MS call this 'Top Back Right' */
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_TOP_REAR_CENTER,			/* Apple and MS call this 'Top Back Center' */
+
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_AMBISONIC_B_W,
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_AMBISONIC_B_X,
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_AMBISONIC_B_Y,
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_AMBISONIC_B_Z,
+
+	SF_CHANNEL_MAP_MAX
+} ;
+
+/* Bitrate mode values (for use with SFC_GET/SET_BITRATE_MODE)
+*/
+enum
+{	SF_BITRATE_MODE_CONSTANT = 0,
+	SF_BITRATE_MODE_AVERAGE,
+	SF_BITRATE_MODE_VARIABLE
+} ;
+
+
+/* A SNDFILE* pointer can be passed around much like stdio.h's FILE* pointer. */
+
+typedef	struct sf_private_tag	SNDFILE ;
+
+/* The following typedef is system specific and is defined when libsndfile is
+** compiled. sf_count_t will be a 64 bit value when the underlying OS allows
+** 64 bit file offsets.
+** On windows, we need to allow the same header file to be compiler by both GCC
+** and the Microsoft compiler.
+*/
+
+typedef int64_t			sf_count_t ;
+#ifndef SF_COUNT_MAX
+#define SF_COUNT_MAX	INT64_MAX
+#endif
+
+
+/* A pointer to a SF_INFO structure is passed to sf_open () and filled in.
+** On write, the SF_INFO structure is filled in by the user and passed into
+** sf_open ().
+*/
+
+struct SF_INFO
+{	sf_count_t	frames ;		/* Used to be called samples.  Changed to avoid confusion. */
+	int			samplerate ;
+	int			channels ;
+	int			format ;
+	int			sections ;
+	int			seekable ;
+} ;
+
+typedef	struct SF_INFO SF_INFO ;
+
+/* The SF_FORMAT_INFO struct is used to retrieve information about the sound
+** file formats libsndfile supports using the sf_command () interface.
+**
+** Using this interface will allow applications to support new file formats
+** and encoding types when libsndfile is upgraded, without requiring
+** re-compilation of the application.
+**
+** Please consult the libsndfile documentation (particularly the information
+** on the sf_command () interface) for examples of its use.
+*/
+
+typedef struct
+{	int			format ;
+	const char	*name ;
+	const char	*extension ;
+} SF_FORMAT_INFO ;
+
+/*
+** Enums and typedefs for adding dither on read and write.
+** Reserved for future implementation.
+*/
+
+enum
+{	SFD_DEFAULT_LEVEL	= 0,
+	SFD_CUSTOM_LEVEL	= 0x40000000,
+
+	SFD_NO_DITHER		= 500,
+	SFD_WHITE			= 501,
+	SFD_TRIANGULAR_PDF	= 502
+} ;
+
+typedef struct
+{	int			type ;
+	double		level ;
+	const char	*name ;
+} SF_DITHER_INFO ;
+
+/* Struct used to retrieve information about a file embedded within a
+** larger file. See SFC_GET_EMBED_FILE_INFO.
+*/
+
+typedef struct
+{	sf_count_t	offset ;
+	sf_count_t	length ;
+} SF_EMBED_FILE_INFO ;
+
+/*
+**	Struct used to retrieve cue marker information from a file
+*/
+
+typedef struct
+{	int32_t 	indx ;
+	uint32_t 	position ;
+	int32_t 	fcc_chunk ;
+	int32_t 	chunk_start ;
+	int32_t		block_start ;
+	uint32_t 	sample_offset ;
+	char name [256] ;
+} SF_CUE_POINT ;
+
+#define	SF_CUES_VAR(count) \
+	struct \
+	{	uint32_t cue_count ; \
+		SF_CUE_POINT cue_points [count] ; \
+	}
+
+typedef SF_CUES_VAR (100) SF_CUES ;
+
+/*
+**	Structs used to retrieve music sample information from a file.
+*/
+
+enum
+{	/*
+	**	The loop mode field in SF_INSTRUMENT will be one of the following.
+	*/
+	SF_LOOP_NONE = 800,
+	SF_LOOP_FORWARD,
+	SF_LOOP_BACKWARD,
+	SF_LOOP_ALTERNATING
+} ;
+
+typedef struct
+{	int gain ;
+	char basenote, detune ;
+	char velocity_lo, velocity_hi ;
+	char key_lo, key_hi ;
+	int loop_count ;
+
+	struct
+	{	int mode ;
+		uint32_t start ;
+		uint32_t end ;
+		uint32_t count ;
+	} loops [16] ; /* make variable in a sensible way */
+} SF_INSTRUMENT ;
+
+
+
+/* Struct used to retrieve loop information from a file.*/
+typedef struct
+{
+	short	time_sig_num ;	/* any positive integer    > 0  */
+	short	time_sig_den ;	/* any positive power of 2 > 0  */
+	int		loop_mode ;		/* see SF_LOOP enum             */
+
+	int		num_beats ;		/* this is NOT the amount of quarter notes !!!*/
+							/* a full bar of 4/4 is 4 beats */
+							/* a full bar of 7/8 is 7 beats */
+
+	float	bpm ;			/* suggestion, as it can be calculated using other fields:*/
+							/* file's length, file's sampleRate and our time_sig_den*/
+							/* -> bpms are always the amount of _quarter notes_ per minute */
+
+	int	root_key ;			/* MIDI note, or -1 for None */
+	int future [6] ;
+} SF_LOOP_INFO ;
+
+
+/*	Struct used to retrieve broadcast (EBU) information from a file.
+**	Strongly (!) based on EBU "bext" chunk format used in Broadcast WAVE.
+*/
+#define	SF_BROADCAST_INFO_VAR(coding_hist_size) \
+			struct \
+			{	char		description [256] ; \
+				char		originator [32] ; \
+				char		originator_reference [32] ; \
+				char		origination_date [10] ; \
+				char		origination_time [8] ; \
+				uint32_t	time_reference_low ; \
+				uint32_t	time_reference_high ; \
+				short		version ; \
+				char		umid [64] ; \
+				int16_t	loudness_value ; \
+				int16_t	loudness_range ; \
+				int16_t	max_true_peak_level ; \
+				int16_t	max_momentary_loudness ; \
+				int16_t	max_shortterm_loudness ; \
+				char		reserved [180] ; \
+				uint32_t	coding_history_size ; \
+				char		coding_history [coding_hist_size] ; \
+			}
+
+/* SF_BROADCAST_INFO is the above struct with coding_history field of 256 bytes. */
+typedef SF_BROADCAST_INFO_VAR (256) SF_BROADCAST_INFO ;
+
+struct SF_CART_TIMER
+{	char	usage [4] ;
+	int32_t	value ;
+} ;
+
+typedef struct SF_CART_TIMER SF_CART_TIMER ;
+
+#define	SF_CART_INFO_VAR(p_tag_text_size) \
+			struct \
+			{	char		version [4] ; \
+				char		title [64] ; \
+				char		artist [64] ; \
+				char		cut_id [64] ; \
+				char		client_id [64] ; \
+				char		category [64] ; \
+				char		classification [64] ; \
+				char		out_cue [64] ; \
+				char		start_date [10] ; \
+				char		start_time [8] ; \
+				char		end_date [10] ; \
+				char		end_time [8] ; \
+				char		producer_app_id [64] ; \
+				char		producer_app_version [64] ; \
+				char		user_def [64] ; \
+				int32_t		level_reference ; \
+				SF_CART_TIMER	post_timers [8] ; \
+				char		reserved [276] ; \
+				char		url [1024] ; \
+				uint32_t	tag_text_size ; \
+				char		tag_text [p_tag_text_size] ; \
+			}
+
+typedef SF_CART_INFO_VAR (256) SF_CART_INFO ;
+
+/*	Virtual I/O functionality. */
+
+typedef sf_count_t		(*sf_vio_get_filelen)	(void *user_data) ;
+typedef sf_count_t		(*sf_vio_seek)		(sf_count_t offset, int whence, void *user_data) ;
+typedef sf_count_t		(*sf_vio_read)		(void *ptr, sf_count_t count, void *user_data) ;
+typedef sf_count_t		(*sf_vio_write)		(const void *ptr, sf_count_t count, void *user_data) ;
+typedef sf_count_t		(*sf_vio_tell)		(void *user_data) ;
+
+struct SF_VIRTUAL_IO
+{	sf_vio_get_filelen	get_filelen ;
+	sf_vio_seek			seek ;
+	sf_vio_read			read ;
+	sf_vio_write		write ;
+	sf_vio_tell			tell ;
+} ;
+
+typedef	struct SF_VIRTUAL_IO SF_VIRTUAL_IO ;
+
+
+/* Open the specified file for read, write or both. On error, this will
+** return a NULL pointer. To find the error number, pass a NULL SNDFILE
+** to sf_strerror ().
+** All calls to sf_open() should be matched with a call to sf_close().
+*/
+
+SNDFILE* 	sf_open		(const char *path, int mode, SF_INFO *sfinfo) ;
+
+
+/* Use the existing file descriptor to create a SNDFILE object. If close_desc
+** is TRUE, the file descriptor will be closed when sf_close() is called. If
+** it is FALSE, the descriptor will not be closed.
+** When passed a descriptor like this, the library will assume that the start
+** of file header is at the current file offset. This allows sound files within
+** larger container files to be read and/or written.
+** On error, this will return a NULL pointer. To find the error number, pass a
+** NULL SNDFILE to sf_strerror ().
+** All calls to sf_open_fd() should be matched with a call to sf_close().
+
+*/
+
+SNDFILE* 	sf_open_fd	(int fd, int mode, SF_INFO *sfinfo, int close_desc) ;
+
+SNDFILE* 	sf_open_virtual	(SF_VIRTUAL_IO *sfvirtual, int mode, SF_INFO *sfinfo, void *user_data) ;
+
+
+/* sf_error () returns a error number which can be translated to a text
+** string using sf_error_number().
+*/
+
+int		sf_error		(SNDFILE *sndfile) ;
+
+
+/* sf_strerror () returns to the caller a pointer to the current error message for
+** the given SNDFILE.
+*/
+
+const char* sf_strerror (SNDFILE *sndfile) ;
+
+
+/* sf_error_number () allows the retrieval of the error string for each internal
+** error number.
+**
+*/
+
+const char*	sf_error_number	(int errnum) ;
+
+
+/* The following two error functions are deprecated but they will remain in the
+** library for the foreseeable future. The function sf_strerror() should be used
+** in their place.
+*/
+
+int		sf_perror		(SNDFILE *sndfile) ;
+int		sf_error_str	(SNDFILE *sndfile, char* str, size_t len) ;
+
+
+/* Allow the caller to retrieve information from or change aspects of the
+** library behaviour.
+*/
+
+int		sf_command	(SNDFILE *sndfile, int command, void *data, int datasize) ;
+
+
+/* Return TRUE if fields of the SF_INFO struct are a valid combination of values. */
+
+int		sf_format_check	(const SF_INFO *info) ;
+
+
+/* Seek within the waveform data chunk of the SNDFILE. sf_seek () uses
+** the same values for whence (SEEK_SET, SEEK_CUR and SEEK_END) as
+** stdio.h function fseek ().
+** An offset of zero with whence set to SEEK_SET will position the
+** read / write pointer to the first data sample.
+** On success sf_seek returns the current position in (multi-channel)
+** samples from the start of the file.
+** Please see the libsndfile documentation for moving the read pointer
+** separately from the write pointer on files open in mode SFM_RDWR.
+** On error all of these functions return -1.
+*/
+
+enum
+{	SF_SEEK_SET = SEEK_SET,
+	SF_SEEK_CUR = SEEK_CUR,
+	SF_SEEK_END = SEEK_END
+} ;
+
+sf_count_t	sf_seek 		(SNDFILE *sndfile, sf_count_t frames, int whence) ;
+
+
+/* Functions for retrieving and setting string data within sound files.
+** Not all file types support this features; AIFF and WAV do. For both
+** functions, the str_type parameter must be one of the SF_STR_* values
+** defined above.
+** On error, sf_set_string() returns non-zero while sf_get_string()
+** returns NULL.
+*/
+
+int sf_set_string (SNDFILE *sndfile, int str_type, const char* str) ;
+
+const char* sf_get_string (SNDFILE *sndfile, int str_type) ;
+
+
+/* Return the library version string. */
+
+const char * sf_version_string (void) ;
+
+/* Return the current byterate at this point in the file. The byte rate in this
+** case is the number of bytes per second of audio data. For instance, for a
+** stereo, 18 bit PCM encoded file with an 16kHz sample rate, the byte rate
+** would be 2 (stereo) * 2 (two bytes per sample) * 16000 => 64000 bytes/sec.
+** For some file formats the returned value will be accurate and exact, for some
+** it will be a close approximation, for some it will be the average bitrate for
+** the whole file and for some it will be a time varying value that was accurate
+** when the file was most recently read or written.
+** To get the bitrate, multiple this value by 8.
+** Returns -1 for unknown.
+*/
+int sf_current_byterate (SNDFILE *sndfile) ;
+
+/* Functions for reading/writing the waveform data of a sound file.
+*/
+
+sf_count_t	sf_read_raw		(SNDFILE *sndfile, void *ptr, sf_count_t bytes) ;
+sf_count_t	sf_write_raw 	(SNDFILE *sndfile, const void *ptr, sf_count_t bytes) ;
+
+
+/* Functions for reading and writing the data chunk in terms of frames.
+** The number of items actually read/written = frames * number of channels.
+**     sf_xxxx_raw		read/writes the raw data bytes from/to the file
+**     sf_xxxx_short	passes data in the native short format
+**     sf_xxxx_int		passes data in the native int format
+**     sf_xxxx_float	passes data in the native float format
+**     sf_xxxx_double	passes data in the native double format
+** All of these read/write function return number of frames read/written.
+*/
+
+sf_count_t	sf_readf_short	(SNDFILE *sndfile, short *ptr, sf_count_t frames) ;
+sf_count_t	sf_writef_short	(SNDFILE *sndfile, const short *ptr, sf_count_t frames) ;
+
+sf_count_t	sf_readf_int	(SNDFILE *sndfile, int *ptr, sf_count_t frames) ;
+sf_count_t	sf_writef_int 	(SNDFILE *sndfile, const int *ptr, sf_count_t frames) ;
+
+sf_count_t	sf_readf_float	(SNDFILE *sndfile, float *ptr, sf_count_t frames) ;
+sf_count_t	sf_writef_float	(SNDFILE *sndfile, const float *ptr, sf_count_t frames) ;
+
+sf_count_t	sf_readf_double		(SNDFILE *sndfile, double *ptr, sf_count_t frames) ;
+sf_count_t	sf_writef_double	(SNDFILE *sndfile, const double *ptr, sf_count_t frames) ;
+
+
+/* Functions for reading and writing the data chunk in terms of items.
+** Otherwise similar to above.
+** All of these read/write function return number of items read/written.
+*/
+
+sf_count_t	sf_read_short	(SNDFILE *sndfile, short *ptr, sf_count_t items) ;
+sf_count_t	sf_write_short	(SNDFILE *sndfile, const short *ptr, sf_count_t items) ;
+
+sf_count_t	sf_read_int		(SNDFILE *sndfile, int *ptr, sf_count_t items) ;
+sf_count_t	sf_write_int 	(SNDFILE *sndfile, const int *ptr, sf_count_t items) ;
+
+sf_count_t	sf_read_float	(SNDFILE *sndfile, float *ptr, sf_count_t items) ;
+sf_count_t	sf_write_float	(SNDFILE *sndfile, const float *ptr, sf_count_t items) ;
+
+sf_count_t	sf_read_double	(SNDFILE *sndfile, double *ptr, sf_count_t items) ;
+sf_count_t	sf_write_double	(SNDFILE *sndfile, const double *ptr, sf_count_t items) ;
+
+
+/* Close the SNDFILE and clean up all memory allocations associated with this
+** file.
+** Returns 0 on success, or an error number.
+*/
+
+int		sf_close		(SNDFILE *sndfile) ;
+
+
+/* If the file is opened SFM_WRITE or SFM_RDWR, call fsync() on the file
+** to force the writing of data to disk. If the file is opened SFM_READ
+** no action is taken.
+*/
+
+void	sf_write_sync	(SNDFILE *sndfile) ;
+
+
+
+/* The function sf_wchar_open() is Windows Only!
+** Open a file passing in a Windows Unicode filename. Otherwise, this is
+** the same as sf_open().
+*/
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+SNDFILE* sf_wchar_open (const wchar_t *wpath, int mode, SF_INFO *sfinfo) ;
+#endif
+
+
+
+
+/* Getting and setting of chunks from within a sound file.
+**
+** These functions allow the getting and setting of chunks within a sound file
+** (for those formats which allow it).
+**
+** These functions fail safely. Specifically, they will not allow you to overwrite
+** existing chunks or add extra versions of format specific reserved chunks but
+** should allow you to retrieve any and all chunks (may not be implemented for
+** all chunks or all file formats).
+*/
+
+struct SF_CHUNK_INFO
+{	char		id [64] ;	/* The chunk identifier. */
+	unsigned	id_size ;	/* The size of the chunk identifier. */
+	unsigned	datalen ;	/* The size of that data. */
+	void		*data ;		/* Pointer to the data. */
+} ;
+
+typedef struct SF_CHUNK_INFO SF_CHUNK_INFO ;
+
+/* Set the specified chunk info (must be done before any audio data is written
+** to the file). This will fail for format specific reserved chunks.
+** The chunk_info->data pointer must be valid until the file is closed.
+** Returns SF_ERR_NO_ERROR on success or non-zero on failure.
+*/
+int sf_set_chunk (SNDFILE * sndfile, const SF_CHUNK_INFO * chunk_info) ;
+
+/*
+** An opaque structure to an iterator over the all chunks of a given id
+*/
+typedef	struct SF_CHUNK_ITERATOR SF_CHUNK_ITERATOR ;
+
+/* Get an iterator for all chunks matching chunk_info.
+** The iterator will point to the first chunk matching chunk_info.
+** Chunks are matching, if (chunk_info->id) matches the first
+**     (chunk_info->id_size) bytes of a chunk found in the SNDFILE* handle.
+** If chunk_info is NULL, an iterator to all chunks in the SNDFILE* handle
+**     is returned.
+** The values of chunk_info->datalen and chunk_info->data are ignored.
+** If no matching chunks are found in the sndfile, NULL is returned.
+** The returned iterator will stay valid until one of the following occurs:
+**     a) The sndfile is closed.
+**     b) A new chunk is added using sf_set_chunk().
+**     c) Another chunk iterator function is called on the same SNDFILE* handle
+**        that causes the iterator to be modified.
+** The memory for the iterator belongs to the SNDFILE* handle and is freed when
+** sf_close() is called.
+*/
+SF_CHUNK_ITERATOR *
+sf_get_chunk_iterator (SNDFILE * sndfile, const SF_CHUNK_INFO * chunk_info) ;
+
+/* Iterate through chunks by incrementing the iterator.
+** Increments the iterator and returns a handle to the new one.
+** After this call, iterator will no longer be valid, and you must use the
+**      newly returned handle from now on.
+** The returned handle can be used to access the next chunk matching
+**      the criteria as defined in sf_get_chunk_iterator().
+** If iterator points to the last chunk, this will free all resources
+**      associated with iterator and return NULL.
+** The returned iterator will stay valid until sf_get_chunk_iterator_next
+**      is called again, the sndfile is closed or a new chunk us added.
+*/
+SF_CHUNK_ITERATOR *
+sf_next_chunk_iterator (SF_CHUNK_ITERATOR * iterator) ;
+
+
+/* Get the size of the specified chunk.
+** If the specified chunk exists, the size will be returned in the
+**      datalen field of the SF_CHUNK_INFO struct.
+**      Additionally, the id of the chunk will be copied to the id
+**      field of the SF_CHUNK_INFO struct and it's id_size field will
+**      be updated accordingly.
+** If the chunk doesn't exist chunk_info->datalen will be zero, and the
+**      id and id_size fields will be undefined.
+** The function will return SF_ERR_NO_ERROR on success or non-zero on
+** failure.
+*/
+int
+sf_get_chunk_size (const SF_CHUNK_ITERATOR * it, SF_CHUNK_INFO * chunk_info) ;
+
+/* Get the specified chunk data.
+** If the specified chunk exists, up to chunk_info->datalen bytes of
+**      the chunk data will be copied into the chunk_info->data buffer
+**      (allocated by the caller) and the chunk_info->datalen field
+**      updated to reflect the size of the data. The id and id_size
+**      field will be updated according to the retrieved chunk
+** If the chunk doesn't exist chunk_info->datalen will be zero, and the
+**      id and id_size fields will be undefined.
+** The function will return SF_ERR_NO_ERROR on success or non-zero on
+** failure.
+*/
+int
+sf_get_chunk_data (const SF_CHUNK_ITERATOR * it, SF_CHUNK_INFO * chunk_info) ;
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}		/* extern "C" */
+#endif	/* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif	/* SNDFILE_H */
diff --git a/Source/Sndfile/sndfile.hh b/Source/Sndfile/sndfile.hh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b6b7ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/Sndfile/sndfile.hh
@@ -0,0 +1,484 @@
+/*
+** Copyright (C) 2005-2017 Erik de Castro Lopo <erikd@mega-nerd.com>
+**
+** All rights reserved.
+**
+** Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+** modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+** met:
+**
+**     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+**       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+**     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+**       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+**       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+**       distribution.
+**     * Neither the author nor the names of any contributors may be used
+**       to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+**       specific prior written permission.
+**
+** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+** "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+** TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+** PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
+** CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
+** EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+** PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
+** OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
+** WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
+** OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
+** ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+*/
+
+/*
+** The above modified BSD style license (GPL and LGPL compatible) applies to
+** this file. It does not apply to libsndfile itself which is released under
+** the GNU LGPL or the libsndfile test suite which is released under the GNU
+** GPL.
+** This means that this header file can be used under this modified BSD style
+** license, but the LGPL still holds for the libsndfile library itself.
+*/
+
+/*
+** sndfile.hh -- A lightweight C++ wrapper for the libsndfile API.
+**
+** All the methods are inlines and all functionality is contained in this
+** file. There is no separate implementation file.
+**
+** API documentation is in the doc/ directory of the source code tarball
+** and at http://libsndfile.github.io/libsndfile/api.html.
+**
+** This file is intended to compile with C++98 and newer.
+*/
+
+#ifndef SNDFILE_HH
+#define SNDFILE_HH
+
+#include "sndfile.h"
+
+#include <string>
+#include <new> // for std::nothrow
+
+#if ((defined (_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1600)) || (__cplusplus >= 201100L))
+#define SF_NULL nullptr
+#else
+#define SF_NULL NULL
+#endif
+
+class SndfileHandle
+{	private :
+		struct SNDFILE_ref
+		{	SNDFILE_ref (void) ;
+			~SNDFILE_ref (void) ;
+
+			SNDFILE *sf ;
+			SF_INFO sfinfo ;
+			int ref ;
+			} ;
+
+		SNDFILE_ref *p ;
+
+	public :
+			/* Default constructor */
+			SndfileHandle (void) : p (SF_NULL) {} ;
+			SndfileHandle (const char *path, int mode = SFM_READ,
+							int format = 0, int channels = 0, int samplerate = 0) ;
+			SndfileHandle (std::string const & path, int mode = SFM_READ,
+							int format = 0, int channels = 0, int samplerate = 0) ;
+			SndfileHandle (int fd, bool close_desc, int mode = SFM_READ,
+							int format = 0, int channels = 0, int samplerate = 0) ;
+			SndfileHandle (SF_VIRTUAL_IO &sfvirtual, void *user_data, int mode = SFM_READ,
+							int format = 0, int channels = 0, int samplerate = 0) ;
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+			SndfileHandle (const wchar_t *wpath, int mode = SFM_READ,
+							int format = 0, int channels = 0, int samplerate = 0) ;
+#endif
+
+			~SndfileHandle (void) ;
+
+			SndfileHandle (const SndfileHandle &orig) ;
+			SndfileHandle & operator = (const SndfileHandle &rhs) ;
+
+#if (__cplusplus >= 201100L)
+			SndfileHandle (SndfileHandle &&orig) noexcept ;
+			SndfileHandle & operator = (SndfileHandle &&rhs) noexcept ;
+#endif
+
+		/* Mainly for debugging/testing. */
+		int refCount (void) const { return (p == SF_NULL) ? 0 : p->ref ; }
+
+		operator bool () const { return (p != SF_NULL) ; }
+
+		bool operator == (const SndfileHandle &rhs) const { return (p == rhs.p) ; }
+
+		sf_count_t	frames (void) const		{ return p ? p->sfinfo.frames : 0 ; }
+		int			format (void) const		{ return p ? p->sfinfo.format : 0 ; }
+		int			channels (void) const	{ return p ? p->sfinfo.channels : 0 ; }
+		int			samplerate (void) const { return p ? p->sfinfo.samplerate : 0 ; }
+
+		int error (void) const ;
+		const char * strError (void) const ;
+
+		int command (int cmd, void *data, int datasize) ;
+
+		sf_count_t	seek (sf_count_t frames, int whence) ;
+
+		void writeSync (void) ;
+
+		int setString (int str_type, const char* str) ;
+
+		const char* getString (int str_type) const ;
+
+		static int formatCheck (int format, int channels, int samplerate) ;
+
+		sf_count_t read (short *ptr, sf_count_t items) ;
+		sf_count_t read (int *ptr, sf_count_t items) ;
+		sf_count_t read (float *ptr, sf_count_t items) ;
+		sf_count_t read (double *ptr, sf_count_t items) ;
+
+		sf_count_t write (const short *ptr, sf_count_t items) ;
+		sf_count_t write (const int *ptr, sf_count_t items) ;
+		sf_count_t write (const float *ptr, sf_count_t items) ;
+		sf_count_t write (const double *ptr, sf_count_t items) ;
+
+		sf_count_t readf (short *ptr, sf_count_t frames) ;
+		sf_count_t readf (int *ptr, sf_count_t frames) ;
+		sf_count_t readf (float *ptr, sf_count_t frames) ;
+		sf_count_t readf (double *ptr, sf_count_t frames) ;
+
+		sf_count_t writef (const short *ptr, sf_count_t frames) ;
+		sf_count_t writef (const int *ptr, sf_count_t frames) ;
+		sf_count_t writef (const float *ptr, sf_count_t frames) ;
+		sf_count_t writef (const double *ptr, sf_count_t frames) ;
+
+		sf_count_t	readRaw		(void *ptr, sf_count_t bytes) ;
+		sf_count_t	writeRaw	(const void *ptr, sf_count_t bytes) ;
+
+		/**< Raw access to the handle. SndfileHandle keeps ownership. */
+		SNDFILE * rawHandle (void) ;
+
+		/**< Take ownership of handle, if reference count is 1. */
+		SNDFILE * takeOwnership (void) ;
+} ;
+
+/*==============================================================================
+**	Nothing but implementation below.
+*/
+
+inline
+SndfileHandle::SNDFILE_ref::SNDFILE_ref (void)
+: sf (SF_NULL), sfinfo (), ref (1)
+{}
+
+inline
+SndfileHandle::SNDFILE_ref::~SNDFILE_ref (void)
+{	if (sf != SF_NULL) sf_close (sf) ; }
+
+inline
+SndfileHandle::SndfileHandle (const char *path, int mode, int fmt, int chans, int srate)
+: p (SF_NULL)
+{
+	p = new (std::nothrow) SNDFILE_ref () ;
+
+	if (p != SF_NULL)
+	{	p->ref = 1 ;
+
+		p->sfinfo.frames = 0 ;
+		p->sfinfo.channels = chans ;
+		p->sfinfo.format = fmt ;
+		p->sfinfo.samplerate = srate ;
+		p->sfinfo.sections = 0 ;
+		p->sfinfo.seekable = 0 ;
+
+		p->sf = sf_open (path, mode, &p->sfinfo) ;
+		} ;
+
+	return ;
+} /* SndfileHandle const char * constructor */
+
+inline
+SndfileHandle::SndfileHandle (std::string const & path, int mode, int fmt, int chans, int srate)
+: p (SF_NULL)
+{
+	p = new (std::nothrow) SNDFILE_ref () ;
+
+	if (p != SF_NULL)
+	{	p->ref = 1 ;
+
+		p->sfinfo.frames = 0 ;
+		p->sfinfo.channels = chans ;
+		p->sfinfo.format = fmt ;
+		p->sfinfo.samplerate = srate ;
+		p->sfinfo.sections = 0 ;
+		p->sfinfo.seekable = 0 ;
+
+		p->sf = sf_open (path.c_str (), mode, &p->sfinfo) ;
+		} ;
+
+	return ;
+} /* SndfileHandle std::string constructor */
+
+inline
+SndfileHandle::SndfileHandle (int fd, bool close_desc, int mode, int fmt, int chans, int srate)
+: p (SF_NULL)
+{
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return ;
+
+	p = new (std::nothrow) SNDFILE_ref () ;
+
+	if (p != SF_NULL)
+	{	p->ref = 1 ;
+
+		p->sfinfo.frames = 0 ;
+		p->sfinfo.channels = chans ;
+		p->sfinfo.format = fmt ;
+		p->sfinfo.samplerate = srate ;
+		p->sfinfo.sections = 0 ;
+		p->sfinfo.seekable = 0 ;
+
+		p->sf = sf_open_fd (fd, mode, &p->sfinfo, close_desc) ;
+		} ;
+
+	return ;
+} /* SndfileHandle fd constructor */
+
+inline
+SndfileHandle::SndfileHandle (SF_VIRTUAL_IO &sfvirtual, void *user_data, int mode, int fmt, int chans, int srate)
+: p (SF_NULL)
+{
+	p = new (std::nothrow) SNDFILE_ref () ;
+
+	if (p != SF_NULL)
+	{	p->ref = 1 ;
+
+		p->sfinfo.frames = 0 ;
+		p->sfinfo.channels = chans ;
+		p->sfinfo.format = fmt ;
+		p->sfinfo.samplerate = srate ;
+		p->sfinfo.sections = 0 ;
+		p->sfinfo.seekable = 0 ;
+
+		p->sf = sf_open_virtual (&sfvirtual, mode, &p->sfinfo, user_data) ;
+		} ;
+
+	return ;
+} /* SndfileHandle std::string constructor */
+
+inline
+SndfileHandle::~SndfileHandle (void)
+{	if (p != SF_NULL && -- p->ref == 0)
+		delete p ;
+} /* SndfileHandle destructor */
+
+
+inline
+SndfileHandle::SndfileHandle (const SndfileHandle &orig)
+: p (orig.p)
+{	if (p != SF_NULL)
+		++ p->ref ;
+} /* SndfileHandle copy constructor */
+
+inline SndfileHandle &
+SndfileHandle::operator = (const SndfileHandle &rhs)
+{
+	if (&rhs == this)
+		return *this ;
+	if (p != SF_NULL && -- p->ref == 0)
+		delete p ;
+
+	p = rhs.p ;
+	if (p != SF_NULL)
+		++ p->ref ;
+
+	return *this ;
+} /* SndfileHandle copy assignment */
+
+#if (__cplusplus >= 201100L)
+
+inline
+SndfileHandle::SndfileHandle (SndfileHandle &&orig) noexcept
+: p (orig.p)
+{
+	orig.p = SF_NULL ;
+} /* SndfileHandle move constructor */
+
+inline SndfileHandle &
+SndfileHandle::operator = (SndfileHandle &&rhs) noexcept
+{
+	if (&rhs == this)
+		return *this ;
+	if (p != SF_NULL && -- p->ref == 0)
+		delete p ;
+
+	p = rhs.p ;
+	rhs.p = SF_NULL ;
+
+	return *this ;
+} /* SndfileHandle move assignment */
+
+#endif
+
+inline int
+SndfileHandle::error (void) const
+{	return sf_error (p->sf) ; }
+
+inline const char *
+SndfileHandle::strError (void) const
+{	return sf_strerror (p->sf) ; }
+
+inline int
+SndfileHandle::command (int cmd, void *data, int datasize)
+{	return sf_command (p->sf, cmd, data, datasize) ; }
+
+inline sf_count_t
+SndfileHandle::seek (sf_count_t frame_count, int whence)
+{	return sf_seek (p->sf, frame_count, whence) ; }
+
+inline void
+SndfileHandle::writeSync (void)
+{	sf_write_sync (p->sf) ; }
+
+inline int
+SndfileHandle::setString (int str_type, const char* str)
+{	return sf_set_string (p->sf, str_type, str) ; }
+
+inline const char*
+SndfileHandle::getString (int str_type) const
+{	return sf_get_string (p->sf, str_type) ; }
+
+inline int
+SndfileHandle::formatCheck (int fmt, int chans, int srate)
+{
+	SF_INFO sfinfo ;
+
+	sfinfo.frames = 0 ;
+	sfinfo.channels = chans ;
+	sfinfo.format = fmt ;
+	sfinfo.samplerate = srate ;
+	sfinfo.sections = 0 ;
+	sfinfo.seekable = 0 ;
+
+	return sf_format_check (&sfinfo) ;
+}
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+inline sf_count_t
+SndfileHandle::read (short *ptr, sf_count_t items)
+{	return sf_read_short (p->sf, ptr, items) ; }
+
+inline sf_count_t
+SndfileHandle::read (int *ptr, sf_count_t items)
+{	return sf_read_int (p->sf, ptr, items) ; }
+
+inline sf_count_t
+SndfileHandle::read (float *ptr, sf_count_t items)
+{	return sf_read_float (p->sf, ptr, items) ; }
+
+inline sf_count_t
+SndfileHandle::read (double *ptr, sf_count_t items)
+{	return sf_read_double (p->sf, ptr, items) ; }
+
+inline sf_count_t
+SndfileHandle::write (const short *ptr, sf_count_t items)
+{	return sf_write_short (p->sf, ptr, items) ; }
+
+inline sf_count_t
+SndfileHandle::write (const int *ptr, sf_count_t items)
+{	return sf_write_int (p->sf, ptr, items) ; }
+
+inline sf_count_t
+SndfileHandle::write (const float *ptr, sf_count_t items)
+{	return sf_write_float (p->sf, ptr, items) ; }
+
+inline sf_count_t
+SndfileHandle::write (const double *ptr, sf_count_t items)
+{	return sf_write_double (p->sf, ptr, items) ; }
+
+inline sf_count_t
+SndfileHandle::readf (short *ptr, sf_count_t frame_count)
+{	return sf_readf_short (p->sf, ptr, frame_count) ; }
+
+inline sf_count_t
+SndfileHandle::readf (int *ptr, sf_count_t frame_count)
+{	return sf_readf_int (p->sf, ptr, frame_count) ; }
+
+inline sf_count_t
+SndfileHandle::readf (float *ptr, sf_count_t frame_count)
+{	return sf_readf_float (p->sf, ptr, frame_count) ; }
+
+inline sf_count_t
+SndfileHandle::readf (double *ptr, sf_count_t frame_count)
+{	return sf_readf_double (p->sf, ptr, frame_count) ; }
+
+inline sf_count_t
+SndfileHandle::writef (const short *ptr, sf_count_t frame_count)
+{	return sf_writef_short (p->sf, ptr, frame_count) ; }
+
+inline sf_count_t
+SndfileHandle::writef (const int *ptr, sf_count_t frame_count)
+{	return sf_writef_int (p->sf, ptr, frame_count) ; }
+
+inline sf_count_t
+SndfileHandle::writef (const float *ptr, sf_count_t frame_count)
+{	return sf_writef_float (p->sf, ptr, frame_count) ; }
+
+inline sf_count_t
+SndfileHandle::writef (const double *ptr, sf_count_t frame_count)
+{	return sf_writef_double (p->sf, ptr, frame_count) ; }
+
+inline sf_count_t
+SndfileHandle::readRaw (void *ptr, sf_count_t bytes)
+{	return sf_read_raw (p->sf, ptr, bytes) ; }
+
+inline sf_count_t
+SndfileHandle::writeRaw (const void *ptr, sf_count_t bytes)
+{	return sf_write_raw (p->sf, ptr, bytes) ; }
+
+inline SNDFILE *
+SndfileHandle::rawHandle (void)
+{	return (p ? p->sf : SF_NULL) ; }
+
+inline SNDFILE *
+SndfileHandle::takeOwnership (void)
+{
+	if (p == SF_NULL || (p->ref != 1))
+		return SF_NULL ;
+
+	SNDFILE * sf = p->sf ;
+	p->sf = SF_NULL ;
+	delete p ;
+	p = SF_NULL ;
+	return sf ;
+}
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+
+inline
+SndfileHandle::SndfileHandle (const wchar_t *wpath, int mode, int fmt, int chans, int srate)
+: p (SF_NULL)
+{
+	p = new (std::nothrow) SNDFILE_ref () ;
+
+	if (p != SF_NULL)
+	{	p->ref = 1 ;
+
+		p->sfinfo.frames = 0 ;
+		p->sfinfo.channels = chans ;
+		p->sfinfo.format = fmt ;
+		p->sfinfo.samplerate = srate ;
+		p->sfinfo.sections = 0 ;
+		p->sfinfo.seekable = 0 ;
+
+		p->sf = sf_wchar_open (wpath, mode, &p->sfinfo) ;
+		} ;
+
+	return ;
+} /* SndfileHandle const wchar_t * constructor */
+
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* SNDFILE_HH */
+
diff --git a/Source/VST_SDK/VST.Build.cs b/Source/VST_SDK/VST.Build.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8063625
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/VST_SDK/VST.Build.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+using System.IO;
+using UnrealBuildTool;
+
+
+public class VST : ModuleRules
+{
+	public VST(ReadOnlyTargetRules Target) : base(Target)
+	{
+		Type = ModuleType.External;
+		PublicIncludePaths.Add(ModuleDirectory);
+
+		if (Target.Platform == UnrealTargetPlatform.Mac)
+		{
+			PrivateDefinitions.AddRange(new []
+			{
+				"TARGET_API_MAC_CARBON",
+			});
+		}
+		PublicDefinitions.AddRange(new []
+		{
+			"_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS"
+		});
+	}
+}
diff --git a/Source/VST_SDK/pluginterfaces/vst2.x/aeffect.h b/Source/VST_SDK/pluginterfaces/vst2.x/aeffect.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b3139c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/VST_SDK/pluginterfaces/vst2.x/aeffect.h
@@ -0,0 +1,396 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project     : VST SDK
+// Version     : 2.4
+//
+// Category    : VST 2.x Interfaces
+// Filename    : pluginterfaces/vst2.x/aeffect.h
+// Created by  : Steinberg, 01/2004
+// Description : Definition of AEffect structure (VST 1.0)
+// 
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// LICENSE
+// (c) 2016, Steinberg Media Technologies GmbH, All Rights Reserved
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// This Software Development Kit may not be distributed in parts or its entirety  
+// without prior written agreement by Steinberg Media Technologies GmbH. 
+// This SDK must not be used to re-engineer or manipulate any technology used  
+// in any Steinberg or Third-party application or software module, 
+// unless permitted by law.
+// Neither the name of the Steinberg Media Technologies nor the names of its
+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this 
+// software without specific prior written permission.
+// 
+// THIS SDK IS PROVIDED BY STEINBERG MEDIA TECHNOLOGIES GMBH "AS IS" AND
+// ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 
+// WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+// IN NO EVENT SHALL STEINBERG MEDIA TECHNOLOGIES GMBH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 
+// INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, 
+// BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF 
+// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE 
+// OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+// OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef __aeffect__
+#define __aeffect__
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// gcc based compiler, or CodeWarrior on Mac OS X
+#if ((defined(__GNUC__) && (defined(__APPLE_CPP__) || defined(__APPLE_CC__))) || (defined (__MWERKS__) && defined (__MACH__)))
+	#ifndef TARGET_API_MAC_CARBON
+		#define TARGET_API_MAC_CARBON 1
+	#endif
+	#if __ppc__
+		#ifndef VST_FORCE_DEPRECATED
+			#define VST_FORCE_DEPRECATED 0
+		#endif
+	#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	#ifndef WIN32
+	#define WIN32	1
+	#endif
+#endif
+
+#if PLATFORM_MAC
+	#ifdef __LP64__
+		#pragma options align=power
+	#else
+		#pragma options align=mac68k
+	#endif
+	#define VSTCALLBACK
+#elif defined __BORLANDC__
+	#pragma -a8
+	#pragma options push -a8
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+    #pragma pack(push,8)
+    #define VSTCALLBACK //__cdecl
+#elif PLATFORM_WINDOWS || defined(__FLAT__) || defined CBUILDER
+	#pragma pack(push)
+	#pragma pack(8)
+	#define VSTCALLBACK __cdecl
+#else
+	#define VSTCALLBACK
+#endif
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include <string.h>	// for strncpy
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// VST Version
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/** Define SDK Version (you can generate different versions (from 2.0 to 2.4) of this SDK by setting the unwanted extensions to 0). */
+#define VST_2_1_EXTENSIONS 1 ///< Version 2.1 extensions (08-06-2000)
+#define VST_2_2_EXTENSIONS 1 ///< Version 2.2 extensions (08-06-2001)
+#define VST_2_3_EXTENSIONS 1 ///< Version 2.3 extensions (20-05-2003)
+#ifndef VST_2_4_EXTENSIONS
+#define VST_2_4_EXTENSIONS 1 ///< Version 2.4 extensions (01-01-2006)
+#endif
+
+/** Current VST Version */
+#if VST_2_4_EXTENSIONS
+	#define kVstVersion 2400
+#elif VST_2_3_EXTENSIONS
+	#define kVstVersion 2300
+#elif VST_2_2_EXTENSIONS
+	#define kVstVersion 2200
+#elif VST_2_1_EXTENSIONS
+	#define kVstVersion 2100
+#else
+	#define kVstVersion 2
+#endif
+
+
+
+/** Disable for Hosts to serve Plug-ins below VST 2.4 */
+#ifndef VST_FORCE_DEPRECATED
+#define VST_FORCE_DEPRECATED VST_2_4_EXTENSIONS 
+#endif
+
+#undef VST_FORCE_DEPRECATED
+
+/** Declares identifier as deprecated. */
+#ifdef VST_FORCE_DEPRECATED
+#define DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED(identifier) __##identifier##Deprecated
+#else
+#define DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED(identifier) identifier
+#endif
+
+/** Define for 64 Bit Platform. */
+#ifndef VST_64BIT_PLATFORM
+#define VST_64BIT_PLATFORM _WIN64 || __LP64__
+#endif
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Integral Types
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+typedef char VstInt8;				///< 8 bit integer type
+
+#ifdef WIN32
+	typedef short VstInt16;			///< 16 bit integer type
+	typedef int VstInt32;			///< 32 bit integer type
+	typedef __int64 VstInt64;		///< 64 bit integer type
+#else
+	#include <stdint.h>
+	typedef int16_t VstInt16;		///< 16 bit integer type
+	typedef int32_t VstInt32;		///< 32 bit integer type
+	typedef int64_t VstInt64;		///< 64 bit integer type
+#endif
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Generic Types
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#if VST_64BIT_PLATFORM
+typedef VstInt64 VstIntPtr;			///< platform-dependent integer type, same size as pointer
+#else
+typedef VstInt32 VstIntPtr;			///< platform-dependent integer type, same size as pointer
+#endif
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Misc. Definition
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#undef CCONST
+typedef struct AEffect AEffect;
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/// @cond ignore
+typedef	VstIntPtr (VSTCALLBACK *audioMasterCallback) (AEffect* effect, VstInt32 opcode, VstInt32 index, VstIntPtr value, void* ptr, float opt);
+typedef VstIntPtr (VSTCALLBACK *AEffectDispatcherProc) (AEffect* effect, VstInt32 opcode, VstInt32 index, VstIntPtr value, void* ptr, float opt);
+typedef void (VSTCALLBACK *AEffectProcessProc) (AEffect* effect, float** inputs, float** outputs, VstInt32 sampleFrames);
+typedef void (VSTCALLBACK *AEffectProcessDoubleProc) (AEffect* effect, double** inputs, double** outputs, VstInt32 sampleFrames);
+typedef void (VSTCALLBACK *AEffectSetParameterProc) (AEffect* effect, VstInt32 index, float parameter);
+typedef float (VSTCALLBACK *AEffectGetParameterProc) (AEffect* effect, VstInt32 index);
+/// @endcond
+
+/** Four Character Constant (for AEffect->uniqueID) */
+#define CCONST(a, b, c, d) \
+	 ((((VstInt32)a) << 24) | (((VstInt32)b) << 16) | (((VstInt32)c) << 8) | (((VstInt32)d) << 0))
+
+/** AEffect magic number */
+#define kEffectMagic CCONST ('V', 's', 't', 'P')
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Basic VST Effect "C" Interface. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct AEffect
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	VstInt32 magic;			///< must be #kEffectMagic ('VstP')
+
+	/** Host to Plug-in dispatcher @see AudioEffect::dispatcher */
+	AEffectDispatcherProc dispatcher;
+	
+	/** \deprecated Accumulating process mode is deprecated in VST 2.4! Use AEffect::processReplacing instead! */
+	AEffectProcessProc DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (process);
+	
+	/** Set new value of automatable parameter @see AudioEffect::setParameter */
+	AEffectSetParameterProc setParameter;
+
+	/** Returns current value of automatable parameter @see AudioEffect::getParameter*/
+	AEffectGetParameterProc getParameter;
+
+	VstInt32 numPrograms;   ///< number of programs
+	VstInt32 numParams;		///< all programs are assumed to have numParams parameters
+	VstInt32 numInputs;		///< number of audio inputs
+	VstInt32 numOutputs;	///< number of audio outputs
+
+	VstInt32 flags;			///< @see VstAEffectFlags
+	
+	VstIntPtr resvd1;		///< reserved for Host, must be 0
+	VstIntPtr resvd2;		///< reserved for Host, must be 0
+	
+	VstInt32 initialDelay;	///< for algorithms which need input in the first place (Group delay or latency in Samples). This value should be initialized in a resume state.
+	
+	VstInt32 DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (realQualities);	///< \deprecated unused member
+	VstInt32 DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (offQualities);		///< \deprecated unused member
+	float    DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (ioRatio);			///< \deprecated unused member
+
+	void* object;			///< #AudioEffect class pointer
+	void* user;				///< user-defined pointer
+
+	VstInt32 uniqueID;		///< registered unique identifier (register it at Steinberg 3rd party support Web). This is used to identify a plug-in during save+load of preset and project.
+	VstInt32 version;		///< plug-in version (example 1100 for version 1.1.0.0)
+
+	/** Process audio samples in replacing mode @see AudioEffect::processReplacing */
+	AEffectProcessProc processReplacing;
+
+#if VST_2_4_EXTENSIONS
+	/** Process double-precision audio samples in replacing mode @see AudioEffect::processDoubleReplacing */
+	AEffectProcessDoubleProc processDoubleReplacing;
+	
+	char future[56];		///< reserved for future use (please zero)
+#else
+	char future[60];		///< reserved for future use (please zero)
+#endif // VST_2_4_EXTENSIONS
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** AEffect flags */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstAEffectFlags
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	effFlagsHasEditor     = 1 << 0,			///< set if the plug-in provides a custom editor
+	effFlagsCanReplacing  = 1 << 4,			///< supports replacing process mode (which should the default mode in VST 2.4)
+	effFlagsProgramChunks = 1 << 5,			///< program data is handled in formatless chunks
+	effFlagsIsSynth       = 1 << 8,			///< plug-in is a synth (VSTi), Host may assign mixer channels for its outputs
+	effFlagsNoSoundInStop = 1 << 9,			///< plug-in does not produce sound when input is all silence
+
+#if VST_2_4_EXTENSIONS
+	effFlagsCanDoubleReplacing = 1 << 12,	///< plug-in supports double precision processing
+#endif
+
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effFlagsHasClip) = 1 << 1,			///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effFlagsHasVu)   = 1 << 2,			///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effFlagsCanMono) = 1 << 3,			///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effFlagsExtIsAsync)   = 1 << 10,	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effFlagsExtHasBuffer) = 1 << 11		///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Basic dispatcher Opcodes (Host to Plug-in) */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum AEffectOpcodes
+{
+	effOpen = 0,		///< no arguments  @see AudioEffect::open
+	effClose,			///< no arguments  @see AudioEffect::close
+
+	effSetProgram,		///< [value]: new program number  @see AudioEffect::setProgram
+	effGetProgram,		///< [return value]: current program number  @see AudioEffect::getProgram
+	effSetProgramName,	///< [ptr]: char* with new program name, limited to #kVstMaxProgNameLen  @see AudioEffect::setProgramName
+	effGetProgramName,	///< [ptr]: char buffer for current program name, limited to #kVstMaxProgNameLen  @see AudioEffect::getProgramName
+	
+	effGetParamLabel,	///< [ptr]: char buffer for parameter label, limited to #kVstMaxParamStrLen  @see AudioEffect::getParameterLabel
+	effGetParamDisplay,	///< [ptr]: char buffer for parameter display, limited to #kVstMaxParamStrLen  @see AudioEffect::getParameterDisplay
+	effGetParamName,	///< [ptr]: char buffer for parameter name, limited to #kVstMaxParamStrLen  @see AudioEffect::getParameterName
+	
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effGetVu),	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+
+	effSetSampleRate,	///< [opt]: new sample rate for audio processing  @see AudioEffect::setSampleRate
+	effSetBlockSize,	///< [value]: new maximum block size for audio processing  @see AudioEffect::setBlockSize
+	effMainsChanged,	///< [value]: 0 means "turn off", 1 means "turn on"  @see AudioEffect::suspend @see AudioEffect::resume
+
+	effEditGetRect,		///< [ptr]: #ERect** receiving pointer to editor size  @see ERect @see AEffEditor::getRect
+	effEditOpen,		///< [ptr]: system dependent Window pointer, e.g. HWND on Windows  @see AEffEditor::open
+	effEditClose,		///< no arguments @see AEffEditor::close
+
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effEditDraw),	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effEditMouse),	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effEditKey),	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+
+	effEditIdle,		///< no arguments @see AEffEditor::idle
+	
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effEditTop),	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effEditSleep),	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effIdentify),	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	
+	effGetChunk,		///< [ptr]: void** for chunk data address [index]: 0 for bank, 1 for program  @see AudioEffect::getChunk
+	effSetChunk,		///< [ptr]: chunk data [value]: byte size [index]: 0 for bank, 1 for program  @see AudioEffect::setChunk
+ 
+	effNumOpcodes		
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Basic dispatcher Opcodes (Plug-in to Host) */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum AudioMasterOpcodes
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	audioMasterAutomate = 0,	///< [index]: parameter index [opt]: parameter value  @see AudioEffect::setParameterAutomated
+	audioMasterVersion,			///< [return value]: Host VST version (for example 2400 for VST 2.4) @see AudioEffect::getMasterVersion
+	audioMasterCurrentId,		///< [return value]: current unique identifier on shell plug-in  @see AudioEffect::getCurrentUniqueId
+	audioMasterIdle,			///< no arguments  @see AudioEffect::masterIdle
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (audioMasterPinConnected) ///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4 r2
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** String length limits (in characters excl. 0 byte) */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstStringConstants
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	kVstMaxProgNameLen   = 24,	///< used for #effGetProgramName, #effSetProgramName, #effGetProgramNameIndexed
+	kVstMaxParamStrLen   = 8,	///< used for #effGetParamLabel, #effGetParamDisplay, #effGetParamName
+	kVstMaxVendorStrLen  = 64,	///< used for #effGetVendorString, #audioMasterGetVendorString
+	kVstMaxProductStrLen = 64,	///< used for #effGetProductString, #audioMasterGetProductString
+	kVstMaxEffectNameLen = 32	///< used for #effGetEffectName
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+#ifdef  __cplusplus
+#define VST_INLINE inline
+#else
+#define VST_INLINE 
+#endif
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** String copy taking care of null terminator. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+VST_INLINE char* vst_strncpy (char* dst, const char* src, size_t maxLen)
+{
+	char* result = strncpy (dst, src, maxLen);
+	dst[maxLen] = 0;
+	return result;
+}
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** String concatenation taking care of null terminator. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+VST_INLINE char* vst_strncat (char* dst, const char* src, size_t maxLen)
+{
+	char* result = strncat (dst, src, maxLen);
+	dst[maxLen] = 0;
+	return result;
+}
+
+#ifdef  __cplusplus
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Cast #VstIntPtr to pointer. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+template <class T> inline T* FromVstPtr (VstIntPtr& arg)
+{
+	T** address = (T**)&arg;
+	return *address;
+}
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Cast pointer to #VstIntPtr. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+template <class T> inline VstIntPtr ToVstPtr (T* ptr)
+{
+	VstIntPtr* address = (VstIntPtr*)&ptr;
+	return *address;
+}
+#endif // __cplusplus
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Structure used for #effEditGetRect. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct ERect
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	VstInt16 top;		///< top coordinate
+	VstInt16 left;		///< left coordinate
+	VstInt16 bottom;	///< bottom coordinate
+	VstInt16 right;		///< right coordinate
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#if TARGET_API_MAC_CARBON
+	#pragma options align=reset
+#elif defined(WIN32) || defined(__FLAT__) || defined(__GNUC__)
+	#pragma pack(pop)
+#elif defined __BORLANDC__
+	#pragma -a-
+#endif
+
+#endif // __aeffect__
diff --git a/Source/VST_SDK/pluginterfaces/vst2.x/aeffectx.h b/Source/VST_SDK/pluginterfaces/vst2.x/aeffectx.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d450881
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/VST_SDK/pluginterfaces/vst2.x/aeffectx.h
@@ -0,0 +1,1170 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project     : VST SDK
+// Version     : 2.4
+//
+// Category    : VST 2.x Interfaces
+// Filename    : pluginterfaces/vst2.x/aeffectx.h
+// Created by  : Steinberg, 01/2004
+// Description : Definition of auxiliary structures, extensions from VST 1.0 to VST 2.4
+// 
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// LICENSE
+// (c) 2016, Steinberg Media Technologies GmbH, All Rights Reserved
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// This Software Development Kit may not be distributed in parts or its entirety  
+// without prior written agreement by Steinberg Media Technologies GmbH. 
+// This SDK must not be used to re-engineer or manipulate any technology used  
+// in any Steinberg or Third-party application or software module, 
+// unless permitted by law.
+// Neither the name of the Steinberg Media Technologies nor the names of its
+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this 
+// software without specific prior written permission.
+// 
+// THIS SDK IS PROVIDED BY STEINBERG MEDIA TECHNOLOGIES GMBH "AS IS" AND
+// ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 
+// WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+// IN NO EVENT SHALL STEINBERG MEDIA TECHNOLOGIES GMBH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 
+// INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, 
+// BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF 
+// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE 
+// OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+// OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef __aeffectx__
+#define __aeffectx__
+
+// VST 1.0 is included
+#ifndef __aeffect__
+#include "aeffect.h"
+#endif
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Define some compiler flags
+#if PLATFORM_MAC
+	#ifdef __LP64__
+	#pragma options align=power
+	#else
+	#pragma options align=mac68k
+	#endif
+#elif defined __BORLANDC__
+	#pragma -a8
+	#pragma options push -a8
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+    #pragma pack(push,8)
+#elif PLATFORM_WINDOWS || defined(__FLAT__)
+	#pragma pack(push)
+	#pragma pack(8)
+#endif
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** String length limits (in characters excl. 0 byte). */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum Vst2StringConstants
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	kVstMaxNameLen       = 64,	///< used for #MidiProgramName, #MidiProgramCategory, #MidiKeyName, #VstSpeakerProperties, #VstPinProperties
+	kVstMaxLabelLen      = 64,	///< used for #VstParameterProperties->label, #VstPinProperties->label
+	kVstMaxShortLabelLen = 8,	///< used for #VstParameterProperties->shortLabel, #VstPinProperties->shortLabel
+	kVstMaxCategLabelLen = 24,	///< used for #VstParameterProperties->label
+	kVstMaxFileNameLen   = 100	///< used for #VstAudioFile->name
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// VstEvent
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** A generic timestamped event. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+typedef struct VstEvent
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	VstInt32 type;			///< @see VstEventTypes
+	VstInt32 byteSize;		///< size of this event, excl. type and byteSize
+	VstInt32 deltaFrames;	///< sample frames related to the current block start sample position
+	VstInt32 flags;			///< generic flags, none defined yet
+
+	char data[16];			///< data size may vary, depending on event type
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+} VstEvent;
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** VstEvent Types used by #VstEvent. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstEventTypes
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	kVstMidiType = 1,		///< MIDI event  @see VstMidiEvent
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (kVstAudioType),		///< \deprecated unused event type
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (kVstVideoType),		///< \deprecated unused event type
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (kVstParameterType),	///< \deprecated unused event type
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (kVstTriggerType),	///< \deprecated unused event type
+	kVstSysExType			///< MIDI system exclusive  @see VstMidiSysexEvent
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** A block of events for the current processed audio block. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct VstEvents
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	VstInt32 numEvents;		///< number of Events in array
+	VstIntPtr reserved;		///< zero (Reserved for future use)
+	VstEvent* events[2];	///< event pointer array, variable size
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** MIDI Event (to be casted from VstEvent). */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct VstMidiEvent
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	VstInt32 type;			///< #kVstMidiType
+	VstInt32 byteSize;		///< sizeof (VstMidiEvent)
+	VstInt32 deltaFrames;	///< sample frames related to the current block start sample position
+	VstInt32 flags;			///< @see VstMidiEventFlags
+	VstInt32 noteLength;	///< (in sample frames) of entire note, if available, else 0
+	VstInt32 noteOffset;	///< offset (in sample frames) into note from note start if available, else 0
+	char midiData[4];		///< 1 to 3 MIDI bytes; midiData[3] is reserved (zero)
+	char detune;			///< -64 to +63 cents; for scales other than 'well-tempered' ('microtuning')
+	char noteOffVelocity;	///< Note Off Velocity [0, 127]
+	char reserved1;			///< zero (Reserved for future use)
+	char reserved2;			///< zero (Reserved for future use)
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Flags used in #VstMidiEvent. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstMidiEventFlags
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	kVstMidiEventIsRealtime = 1 << 0	///< means that this event is played life (not in playback from a sequencer track).\n This allows the Plug-In to handle these flagged events with higher priority, especially when the Plug-In has a big latency (AEffect::initialDelay)
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** MIDI Sysex Event (to be casted from #VstEvent). */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct VstMidiSysexEvent
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	VstInt32 type;			///< #kVstSysexType
+	VstInt32 byteSize;		///< sizeof (VstMidiSysexEvent)
+	VstInt32 deltaFrames;	///< sample frames related to the current block start sample position
+	VstInt32 flags;			///< none defined yet (should be zero)
+	VstInt32 dumpBytes;		///< byte size of sysexDump
+	VstIntPtr resvd1;		///< zero (Reserved for future use)
+	char* sysexDump;		///< sysex dump
+	VstIntPtr resvd2;		///< zero (Reserved for future use)
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// VstTimeInfo
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** VstTimeInfo requested via #audioMasterGetTime.  @see AudioEffectX::getTimeInfo 
+
+\note VstTimeInfo::samplePos :Current Position. It must always be valid, and should not cost a lot to ask for. The sample position is ahead of the time displayed to the user. In sequencer stop mode, its value does not change. A 32 bit integer is too small for sample positions, and it's a double to make it easier to convert between ppq and samples.
+\note VstTimeInfo::ppqPos : At tempo 120, 1 quarter makes 1/2 second, so 2.0 ppq translates to 48000 samples at 48kHz sample rate.
+.25 ppq is one sixteenth note then. if you need something like 480ppq, you simply multiply ppq by that scaler.
+\note VstTimeInfo::barStartPos : Say we're at bars/beats readout 3.3.3. That's 2 bars + 2 q + 2 sixteenth, makes 2 * 4 + 2 + .25 = 10.25 ppq. at tempo 120, that's 10.25 * .5 = 5.125 seconds, times 48000 = 246000 samples (if my calculator servers me well :-). 
+\note VstTimeInfo::samplesToNextClock : MIDI Clock Resolution (24 per Quarter Note), can be negative the distance to the next midi clock (24 ppq, pulses per quarter) in samples. unless samplePos falls precicely on a midi clock, this will either be negative such that the previous MIDI clock is addressed, or positive when referencing the following (future) MIDI clock.
+*/
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct VstTimeInfo
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	double samplePos;				///< current Position in audio samples (always valid)
+	double sampleRate;				///< current Sample Rate in Herz (always valid)
+	double nanoSeconds;				///< System Time in nanoseconds (10^-9 second)
+	double ppqPos;					///< Musical Position, in Quarter Note (1.0 equals 1 Quarter Note)
+	double tempo;					///< current Tempo in BPM (Beats Per Minute)
+	double barStartPos;				///< last Bar Start Position, in Quarter Note
+	double cycleStartPos;			///< Cycle Start (left locator), in Quarter Note
+	double cycleEndPos;				///< Cycle End (right locator), in Quarter Note
+	VstInt32 timeSigNumerator;		///< Time Signature Numerator (e.g. 3 for 3/4)
+	VstInt32 timeSigDenominator;	///< Time Signature Denominator (e.g. 4 for 3/4)
+	VstInt32 smpteOffset;			///< SMPTE offset (in SMPTE subframes (bits; 1/80 of a frame)). The current SMPTE position can be calculated using #samplePos, #sampleRate, and #smpteFrameRate.
+	VstInt32 smpteFrameRate;		///< @see VstSmpteFrameRate
+	VstInt32 samplesToNextClock;	///< MIDI Clock Resolution (24 Per Quarter Note), can be negative (nearest clock)
+	VstInt32 flags;					///< @see VstTimeInfoFlags
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Flags used in #VstTimeInfo. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstTimeInfoFlags
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	kVstTransportChanged     = 1,		///< indicates that play, cycle or record state has changed
+	kVstTransportPlaying     = 1 << 1,	///< set if Host sequencer is currently playing
+	kVstTransportCycleActive = 1 << 2,	///< set if Host sequencer is in cycle mode
+	kVstTransportRecording   = 1 << 3,	///< set if Host sequencer is in record mode
+	kVstAutomationWriting    = 1 << 6,	///< set if automation write mode active (record parameter changes)
+	kVstAutomationReading    = 1 << 7,	///< set if automation read mode active (play parameter changes)
+	kVstNanosValid           = 1 << 8,	///< VstTimeInfo::nanoSeconds valid
+	kVstPpqPosValid          = 1 << 9,	///< VstTimeInfo::ppqPos valid
+	kVstTempoValid           = 1 << 10,	///< VstTimeInfo::tempo valid
+	kVstBarsValid            = 1 << 11,	///< VstTimeInfo::barStartPos valid
+	kVstCyclePosValid        = 1 << 12,	///< VstTimeInfo::cycleStartPos and VstTimeInfo::cycleEndPos valid
+	kVstTimeSigValid         = 1 << 13,	///< VstTimeInfo::timeSigNumerator and VstTimeInfo::timeSigDenominator valid
+	kVstSmpteValid           = 1 << 14,	///< VstTimeInfo::smpteOffset and VstTimeInfo::smpteFrameRate valid
+	kVstClockValid           = 1 << 15	///< VstTimeInfo::samplesToNextClock valid
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** SMPTE Frame Rates. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstSmpteFrameRate
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	kVstSmpte24fps    = 0,		///< 24 fps
+	kVstSmpte25fps    = 1,		///< 25 fps
+	kVstSmpte2997fps  = 2,		///< 29.97 fps
+	kVstSmpte30fps    = 3,		///< 30 fps
+	kVstSmpte2997dfps = 4,		///< 29.97 drop
+	kVstSmpte30dfps   = 5,		///< 30 drop
+
+	kVstSmpteFilm16mm = 6, 		///< Film 16mm
+	kVstSmpteFilm35mm = 7, 		///< Film 35mm
+	kVstSmpte239fps   = 10,		///< HDTV: 23.976 fps
+	kVstSmpte249fps   = 11,		///< HDTV: 24.976 fps
+	kVstSmpte599fps   = 12,		///< HDTV: 59.94 fps
+	kVstSmpte60fps    = 13		///< HDTV: 60 fps
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Variable IO for Offline Processing. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct VstVariableIo
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	float** inputs;								///< input audio buffers
+	float** outputs;							///< output audio buffers
+	VstInt32 numSamplesInput;					///< number of incoming samples
+	VstInt32 numSamplesOutput;					///< number of outgoing samples
+	VstInt32* numSamplesInputProcessed;			///< number of samples actually processed of input
+	VstInt32* numSamplesOutputProcessed;		///< number of samples actually processed of output
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Language code returned by audioMasterGetLanguage. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstHostLanguage
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	kVstLangEnglish = 1,	///< English
+	kVstLangGerman,			///< German
+	kVstLangFrench,			///< French
+	kVstLangItalian,		///< Italian
+	kVstLangSpanish,		///< Spanish
+	kVstLangJapanese		///< Japanese
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** VST 2.x dispatcher Opcodes (Plug-in to Host). Extension of #AudioMasterOpcodes */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum AudioMasterOpcodesX
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (audioMasterWantMidi) = DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (audioMasterPinConnected) + 2,	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+
+	audioMasterGetTime,				///< [return value]: #VstTimeInfo* or null if not supported [value]: request mask  @see VstTimeInfoFlags @see AudioEffectX::getTimeInfo
+	audioMasterProcessEvents,		///< [ptr]: pointer to #VstEvents  @see VstEvents @see AudioEffectX::sendVstEventsToHost
+
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (audioMasterSetTime),	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (audioMasterTempoAt),	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (audioMasterGetNumAutomatableParameters),	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (audioMasterGetParameterQuantization),		///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+
+	audioMasterIOChanged,			///< [return value]: 1 if supported  @see AudioEffectX::ioChanged
+
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (audioMasterNeedIdle),	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	
+	audioMasterSizeWindow,			///< [index]: new width [value]: new height [return value]: 1 if supported  @see AudioEffectX::sizeWindow
+	audioMasterGetSampleRate,		///< [return value]: current sample rate  @see AudioEffectX::updateSampleRate
+	audioMasterGetBlockSize,		///< [return value]: current block size  @see AudioEffectX::updateBlockSize
+	audioMasterGetInputLatency,		///< [return value]: input latency in audio samples  @see AudioEffectX::getInputLatency
+	audioMasterGetOutputLatency,	///< [return value]: output latency in audio samples  @see AudioEffectX::getOutputLatency
+
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (audioMasterGetPreviousPlug),			///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (audioMasterGetNextPlug),				///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (audioMasterWillReplaceOrAccumulate),	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+
+	audioMasterGetCurrentProcessLevel,	///< [return value]: current process level  @see VstProcessLevels
+	audioMasterGetAutomationState,		///< [return value]: current automation state  @see VstAutomationStates
+
+	audioMasterOfflineStart,			///< [index]: numNewAudioFiles [value]: numAudioFiles [ptr]: #VstAudioFile*  @see AudioEffectX::offlineStart
+	audioMasterOfflineRead,				///< [index]: bool readSource [value]: #VstOfflineOption* @see VstOfflineOption [ptr]: #VstOfflineTask*  @see VstOfflineTask @see AudioEffectX::offlineRead
+	audioMasterOfflineWrite,			///< @see audioMasterOfflineRead @see AudioEffectX::offlineRead
+	audioMasterOfflineGetCurrentPass,	///< @see AudioEffectX::offlineGetCurrentPass
+	audioMasterOfflineGetCurrentMetaPass,	///< @see AudioEffectX::offlineGetCurrentMetaPass
+
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (audioMasterSetOutputSampleRate),			///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (audioMasterGetOutputSpeakerArrangement),	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+
+	audioMasterGetVendorString,			///< [ptr]: char buffer for vendor string, limited to #kVstMaxVendorStrLen  @see AudioEffectX::getHostVendorString
+	audioMasterGetProductString,		///< [ptr]: char buffer for vendor string, limited to #kVstMaxProductStrLen  @see AudioEffectX::getHostProductString
+	audioMasterGetVendorVersion,		///< [return value]: vendor-specific version  @see AudioEffectX::getHostVendorVersion
+	audioMasterVendorSpecific,			///< no definition, vendor specific handling  @see AudioEffectX::hostVendorSpecific
+	
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (audioMasterSetIcon),		///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	
+	audioMasterCanDo,					///< [ptr]: "can do" string [return value]: 1 for supported
+	audioMasterGetLanguage,				///< [return value]: language code  @see VstHostLanguage
+
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (audioMasterOpenWindow),		///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (audioMasterCloseWindow),	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+
+	audioMasterGetDirectory,			///< [return value]: FSSpec on MAC, else char*  @see AudioEffectX::getDirectory
+	audioMasterUpdateDisplay,			///< no arguments	
+	audioMasterBeginEdit,               ///< [index]: parameter index  @see AudioEffectX::beginEdit
+	audioMasterEndEdit,                 ///< [index]: parameter index  @see AudioEffectX::endEdit
+	audioMasterOpenFileSelector,		///< [ptr]: VstFileSelect* [return value]: 1 if supported  @see AudioEffectX::openFileSelector
+	audioMasterCloseFileSelector,		///< [ptr]: VstFileSelect*  @see AudioEffectX::closeFileSelector
+	
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (audioMasterEditFile),		///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (audioMasterGetChunkFile),	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4 [ptr]: char[2048] or sizeof (FSSpec) [return value]: 1 if supported  @see AudioEffectX::getChunkFile
+
+	DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (audioMasterGetInputSpeakerArrangement)	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** VST 2.x dispatcher Opcodes (Host to Plug-in). Extension of #AEffectOpcodes */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum AEffectXOpcodes
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	effProcessEvents = effSetChunk + 1		///< [ptr]: #VstEvents*  @see AudioEffectX::processEvents
+
+	, effCanBeAutomated						///< [index]: parameter index [return value]: 1=true, 0=false  @see AudioEffectX::canParameterBeAutomated
+	, effString2Parameter					///< [index]: parameter index [ptr]: parameter string [return value]: true for success  @see AudioEffectX::string2parameter
+
+	, DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effGetNumProgramCategories)	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+
+	, effGetProgramNameIndexed				///< [index]: program index [ptr]: buffer for program name, limited to #kVstMaxProgNameLen [return value]: true for success  @see AudioEffectX::getProgramNameIndexed
+	
+	, DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effCopyProgram)	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	, DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effConnectInput)	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	, DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effConnectOutput)	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	
+	, effGetInputProperties					///< [index]: input index [ptr]: #VstPinProperties* [return value]: 1 if supported  @see AudioEffectX::getInputProperties
+	, effGetOutputProperties				///< [index]: output index [ptr]: #VstPinProperties* [return value]: 1 if supported  @see AudioEffectX::getOutputProperties
+	, effGetPlugCategory					///< [return value]: category  @see VstPlugCategory @see AudioEffectX::getPlugCategory
+
+	, DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effGetCurrentPosition)	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	, DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effGetDestinationBuffer)	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+
+	, effOfflineNotify						///< [ptr]: #VstAudioFile array [value]: count [index]: start flag  @see AudioEffectX::offlineNotify
+	, effOfflinePrepare						///< [ptr]: #VstOfflineTask array [value]: count  @see AudioEffectX::offlinePrepare
+	, effOfflineRun							///< [ptr]: #VstOfflineTask array [value]: count  @see AudioEffectX::offlineRun
+
+	, effProcessVarIo						///< [ptr]: #VstVariableIo*  @see AudioEffectX::processVariableIo
+	, effSetSpeakerArrangement				///< [value]: input #VstSpeakerArrangement* [ptr]: output #VstSpeakerArrangement*  @see AudioEffectX::setSpeakerArrangement
+
+	, DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effSetBlockSizeAndSampleRate)	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+
+	, effSetBypass							///< [value]: 1 = bypass, 0 = no bypass  @see AudioEffectX::setBypass
+	, effGetEffectName						///< [ptr]: buffer for effect name, limited to #kVstMaxEffectNameLen  @see AudioEffectX::getEffectName
+
+	, DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effGetErrorText)	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+
+	, effGetVendorString					///< [ptr]: buffer for effect vendor string, limited to #kVstMaxVendorStrLen  @see AudioEffectX::getVendorString
+	, effGetProductString					///< [ptr]: buffer for effect vendor string, limited to #kVstMaxProductStrLen  @see AudioEffectX::getProductString
+	, effGetVendorVersion					///< [return value]: vendor-specific version  @see AudioEffectX::getVendorVersion
+	, effVendorSpecific						///< no definition, vendor specific handling  @see AudioEffectX::vendorSpecific
+	, effCanDo								///< [ptr]: "can do" string [return value]: 0: "don't know" -1: "no" 1: "yes"  @see AudioEffectX::canDo
+	, effGetTailSize						///< [return value]: tail size (for example the reverb time of a reverb plug-in); 0 is default (return 1 for 'no tail')
+
+	, DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effIdle)				///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	, DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effGetIcon)			///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+	, DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effSetViewPosition)	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+
+	, effGetParameterProperties				///< [index]: parameter index [ptr]: #VstParameterProperties* [return value]: 1 if supported  @see AudioEffectX::getParameterProperties
+
+	, DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (effKeysRequired)	///< \deprecated deprecated in VST 2.4
+
+	, effGetVstVersion						///< [return value]: VST version  @see AudioEffectX::getVstVersion
+
+#if VST_2_1_EXTENSIONS
+	, effEditKeyDown						///< [index]: ASCII character [value]: virtual key [opt]: modifiers [return value]: 1 if key used  @see AEffEditor::onKeyDown
+	, effEditKeyUp							///< [index]: ASCII character [value]: virtual key [opt]: modifiers [return value]: 1 if key used  @see AEffEditor::onKeyUp
+	, effSetEditKnobMode					///< [value]: knob mode 0: circular, 1: circular relativ, 2: linear (CKnobMode in VSTGUI)  @see AEffEditor::setKnobMode
+
+	, effGetMidiProgramName					///< [index]: MIDI channel [ptr]: #MidiProgramName* [return value]: number of used programs, 0 if unsupported  @see AudioEffectX::getMidiProgramName
+	, effGetCurrentMidiProgram				///< [index]: MIDI channel [ptr]: #MidiProgramName* [return value]: index of current program  @see AudioEffectX::getCurrentMidiProgram
+	, effGetMidiProgramCategory				///< [index]: MIDI channel [ptr]: #MidiProgramCategory* [return value]: number of used categories, 0 if unsupported  @see AudioEffectX::getMidiProgramCategory
+	, effHasMidiProgramsChanged				///< [index]: MIDI channel [return value]: 1 if the #MidiProgramName(s) or #MidiKeyName(s) have changed  @see AudioEffectX::hasMidiProgramsChanged
+	, effGetMidiKeyName						///< [index]: MIDI channel [ptr]: #MidiKeyName* [return value]: true if supported, false otherwise  @see AudioEffectX::getMidiKeyName
+	
+	, effBeginSetProgram					///< no arguments  @see AudioEffectX::beginSetProgram
+	, effEndSetProgram						///< no arguments  @see AudioEffectX::endSetProgram
+#endif // VST_2_1_EXTENSIONS
+
+#if VST_2_3_EXTENSIONS
+	, effGetSpeakerArrangement				///< [value]: input #VstSpeakerArrangement* [ptr]: output #VstSpeakerArrangement*  @see AudioEffectX::getSpeakerArrangement
+	, effShellGetNextPlugin					///< [ptr]: buffer for plug-in name, limited to #kVstMaxProductStrLen [return value]: next plugin's uniqueID  @see AudioEffectX::getNextShellPlugin
+
+	, effStartProcess						///< no arguments  @see AudioEffectX::startProcess
+	, effStopProcess						///< no arguments  @see AudioEffectX::stopProcess
+	, effSetTotalSampleToProcess		    ///< [value]: number of samples to process, offline only!  @see AudioEffectX::setTotalSampleToProcess
+	, effSetPanLaw							///< [value]: pan law [opt]: gain  @see VstPanLawType @see AudioEffectX::setPanLaw
+	
+	, effBeginLoadBank						///< [ptr]: #VstPatchChunkInfo* [return value]: -1: bank can't be loaded, 1: bank can be loaded, 0: unsupported  @see AudioEffectX::beginLoadBank
+	, effBeginLoadProgram					///< [ptr]: #VstPatchChunkInfo* [return value]: -1: prog can't be loaded, 1: prog can be loaded, 0: unsupported  @see AudioEffectX::beginLoadProgram
+#endif // VST_2_3_EXTENSIONS
+
+#if VST_2_4_EXTENSIONS
+	, effSetProcessPrecision				///< [value]: @see VstProcessPrecision  @see AudioEffectX::setProcessPrecision
+	, effGetNumMidiInputChannels			///< [return value]: number of used MIDI input channels (1-15)  @see AudioEffectX::getNumMidiInputChannels
+	, effGetNumMidiOutputChannels			///< [return value]: number of used MIDI output channels (1-15)  @see AudioEffectX::getNumMidiOutputChannels
+#endif // VST_2_4_EXTENSIONS
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Symbolic precision constants used for effSetProcessPrecision. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstProcessPrecision
+{
+	kVstProcessPrecision32 = 0,		///< single precision float (32bits)
+	kVstProcessPrecision64			///< double precision (64bits)
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Parameter Properties used in #effGetParameterProperties. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct VstParameterProperties
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	float stepFloat;			///< float step
+	float smallStepFloat;		///< small float step
+	float largeStepFloat;		///< large float step
+	char label[kVstMaxLabelLen];///< parameter label
+	VstInt32 flags;				///< @see VstParameterFlags
+	VstInt32 minInteger;		///< integer minimum
+	VstInt32 maxInteger;		///< integer maximum
+	VstInt32 stepInteger;		///< integer step
+	VstInt32 largeStepInteger;	///< large integer step
+	char shortLabel[kVstMaxShortLabelLen];	///< short label, recommended: 6 + delimiter
+
+	// The following are for remote controller display purposes.
+	// Note that the kVstParameterSupportsDisplayIndex flag must be set.
+	// Host can scan all parameters, and find out in what order
+	// to display them:
+
+	VstInt16 displayIndex;		///< index where this parameter should be displayed (starting with 0)
+
+	// Host can also possibly display the parameter group (category), such as...
+	// ---------------------------
+	// Osc 1
+	// Wave  Detune  Octave  Mod
+	// ---------------------------
+	// ...if the plug-in supports it (flag #kVstParameterSupportsDisplayCategory)
+
+	VstInt16 category;			///< 0: no category, else group index + 1
+	VstInt16 numParametersInCategory;			///< number of parameters in category
+	VstInt16 reserved;			///< zero
+	char categoryLabel[kVstMaxCategLabelLen];	///< category label, e.g. "Osc 1" 
+
+	char future[16];			///< reserved for future use
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Flags used in #VstParameterProperties. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstParameterFlags
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	kVstParameterIsSwitch				 = 1 << 0,	///< parameter is a switch (on/off)
+	kVstParameterUsesIntegerMinMax		 = 1 << 1,	///< minInteger, maxInteger valid
+	kVstParameterUsesFloatStep			 = 1 << 2,	///< stepFloat, smallStepFloat, largeStepFloat valid
+	kVstParameterUsesIntStep			 = 1 << 3,	///< stepInteger, largeStepInteger valid
+	kVstParameterSupportsDisplayIndex 	 = 1 << 4,	///< displayIndex valid
+	kVstParameterSupportsDisplayCategory = 1 << 5,	///< category, etc. valid
+	kVstParameterCanRamp				 = 1 << 6	///< set if parameter value can ramp up/down
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Pin Properties used in #effGetInputProperties and #effGetOutputProperties. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct VstPinProperties
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	char label[kVstMaxLabelLen];	///< pin name
+	VstInt32 flags;					///< @see VstPinPropertiesFlags
+	VstInt32 arrangementType;		///< @see VstSpeakerArrangementType
+	char shortLabel[kVstMaxShortLabelLen];	///< short name (recommended: 6 + delimiter)
+
+	char future[48];				///< reserved for future use
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Flags used in #VstPinProperties. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstPinPropertiesFlags
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	kVstPinIsActive   = 1 << 0,		///< pin is active, ignored by Host
+	kVstPinIsStereo   = 1 << 1,		///< pin is first of a stereo pair
+	kVstPinUseSpeaker = 1 << 2		///< #VstPinProperties::arrangementType is valid and can be used to get the wanted arrangement
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Plug-in Categories. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstPlugCategory
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    kPlugCategUnknown = 0,		///< Unknown, category not implemented
+    kPlugCategEffect,			///< Simple Effect
+    kPlugCategSynth,			///< VST Instrument (Synths, samplers,...)
+    kPlugCategAnalysis,			///< Scope, Tuner, ...
+    kPlugCategMastering,		///< Dynamics, ...
+	kPlugCategSpacializer,		///< Panners, ...
+	kPlugCategRoomFx,			///< Delays and Reverbs
+	kPlugSurroundFx,			///< Dedicated surround processor
+	kPlugCategRestoration,		///< Denoiser, ...
+	kPlugCategOfflineProcess,	///< Offline Process
+	kPlugCategShell,			///< Plug-in is container of other plug-ins  @see effShellGetNextPlugin
+	kPlugCategGenerator,		///< ToneGenerator, ...
+
+	kPlugCategMaxCount			///< Marker to count the categories
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// MIDI Programs
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** MIDI Program Description. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct MidiProgramName 
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	VstInt32 thisProgramIndex;		///< 0 or greater: fill struct for this program index
+	char name[kVstMaxNameLen];		///< program name
+	char midiProgram;				///< -1:off, 0-127
+	char midiBankMsb;				///< -1:off, 0-127
+	char midiBankLsb;				///< -1:off, 0-127
+	char reserved;					///< zero
+	VstInt32 parentCategoryIndex;	///< -1:no parent category
+	VstInt32 flags;					///< omni etc. @see VstMidiProgramNameFlags
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Flags used in MidiProgramName. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstMidiProgramNameFlags
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	kMidiIsOmni = 1	///< default is multi. for omni mode, channel 0 is used for inquiries and program changes
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** MIDI Program Category. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct MidiProgramCategory 
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	VstInt32 thisCategoryIndex;		///< 0 or greater:  fill struct for this category index.
+	char name[kVstMaxNameLen];		///< name
+	VstInt32 parentCategoryIndex;	///< -1:no parent category
+	VstInt32 flags;					///< reserved, none defined yet, zero.
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** MIDI Key Description. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct MidiKeyName 
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	VstInt32 thisProgramIndex;		///< 0 or greater:  fill struct for this program index.
+	VstInt32 thisKeyNumber;			///< 0 - 127. fill struct for this key number.
+	char keyName[kVstMaxNameLen];	///< key name, empty means regular key names
+	VstInt32 reserved;				///< zero
+	VstInt32 flags;					///< reserved, none defined yet, zero.
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Surround Setup
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Speaker Properties.
+	The origin for azimuth is right (as by math conventions dealing with radians).
+	The elevation origin is also right, visualizing a rotation of a circle across the
+	-pi/pi axis of the horizontal circle. Thus, an elevation of -pi/2 corresponds
+	to bottom, and a speaker standing on the left, and 'beaming' upwards would have
+	an azimuth of -pi, and an elevation of pi/2.
+	For user interface representation, grads are more likely to be used, and the
+	origins will obviously 'shift' accordingly. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+typedef struct VstSpeakerProperties
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	float azimuth;		///< unit: rad, range: -PI...PI, exception: 10.f for LFE channel
+	float elevation;	///< unit: rad, range: -PI/2...PI/2, exception: 10.f for LFE channel
+	float radius;		///< unit: meter, exception: 0.f for LFE channel
+	float reserved;		///< zero (reserved for future use)
+	char name[kVstMaxNameLen];	///< for new setups, new names should be given (L/R/C... won't do)
+	VstInt32 type;		///< @see VstSpeakerType
+
+	char future[28];	///< reserved for future use
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+} VstSpeakerProperties;
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Speaker Arrangement. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct VstSpeakerArrangement
+{	
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	VstInt32 type;						///< e.g. #kSpeakerArr51 for 5.1  @see VstSpeakerArrangementType
+	VstInt32 numChannels;				///< number of channels in this speaker arrangement
+	VstSpeakerProperties speakers[8];	///< variable sized speaker array
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Speaker Types. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstSpeakerType
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	kSpeakerUndefined = 0x7fffffff,	///< Undefined
+	kSpeakerM = 0,					///< Mono (M)
+	kSpeakerL,						///< Left (L)
+	kSpeakerR,						///< Right (R)
+	kSpeakerC,						///< Center (C)
+	kSpeakerLfe,					///< Subbass (Lfe)
+	kSpeakerLs,						///< Left Surround (Ls)
+	kSpeakerRs,						///< Right Surround (Rs)
+	kSpeakerLc,						///< Left of Center (Lc)
+	kSpeakerRc,						///< Right of Center (Rc)
+	kSpeakerS,						///< Surround (S)
+	kSpeakerCs = kSpeakerS,			///< Center of Surround (Cs) = Surround (S)
+	kSpeakerSl,						///< Side Left (Sl)
+	kSpeakerSr,						///< Side Right (Sr)
+	kSpeakerTm,						///< Top Middle (Tm)
+	kSpeakerTfl,					///< Top Front Left (Tfl)
+	kSpeakerTfc,					///< Top Front Center (Tfc)
+	kSpeakerTfr,					///< Top Front Right (Tfr)
+	kSpeakerTrl,					///< Top Rear Left (Trl)
+	kSpeakerTrc,					///< Top Rear Center (Trc)
+	kSpeakerTrr,					///< Top Rear Right (Trr)
+	kSpeakerLfe2					///< Subbass 2 (Lfe2)
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** User-defined speaker types, to be extended in the negative range.
+	Will be handled as their corresponding speaker types with abs values:
+	e.g abs(#kSpeakerU1) == #kSpeakerL, abs(#kSpeakerU2) == #kSpeakerR) */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstUserSpeakerType
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	kSpeakerU32 = -32,	
+	kSpeakerU31,			
+	kSpeakerU30,			
+	kSpeakerU29,			
+	kSpeakerU28,			
+	kSpeakerU27,			
+	kSpeakerU26,			
+	kSpeakerU25,			
+	kSpeakerU24,			
+	kSpeakerU23,			
+	kSpeakerU22,			
+	kSpeakerU21,			
+	kSpeakerU20,			///< == #kSpeakerLfe2
+	kSpeakerU19,			///< == #kSpeakerTrr
+	kSpeakerU18,			///< == #kSpeakerTrc
+	kSpeakerU17,			///< == #kSpeakerTrl
+	kSpeakerU16,			///< == #kSpeakerTfr
+	kSpeakerU15,			///< == #kSpeakerTfc
+	kSpeakerU14,			///< == #kSpeakerTfl
+	kSpeakerU13,			///< == #kSpeakerTm
+	kSpeakerU12,			///< == #kSpeakerSr
+	kSpeakerU11,			///< == #kSpeakerSl
+	kSpeakerU10,			///< == #kSpeakerCs
+	kSpeakerU9,				///< == #kSpeakerS
+	kSpeakerU8,				///< == #kSpeakerRc
+	kSpeakerU7,				///< == #kSpeakerLc
+	kSpeakerU6,				///< == #kSpeakerRs
+	kSpeakerU5,				///< == #kSpeakerLs
+	kSpeakerU4,				///< == #kSpeakerLfe
+	kSpeakerU3,				///< == #kSpeakerC
+	kSpeakerU2,				///< == #kSpeakerR
+	kSpeakerU1				///< == #kSpeakerL
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Speaker Arrangement Types*/
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstSpeakerArrangementType
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	kSpeakerArrUserDefined = -2,///< user defined
+	kSpeakerArrEmpty = -1,		///< empty arrangement
+	kSpeakerArrMono  =  0,		///< M
+	kSpeakerArrStereo,			///< L R
+	kSpeakerArrStereoSurround,	///< Ls Rs
+	kSpeakerArrStereoCenter,	///< Lc Rc
+	kSpeakerArrStereoSide,		///< Sl Sr
+	kSpeakerArrStereoCLfe,		///< C Lfe
+	kSpeakerArr30Cine,			///< L R C
+	kSpeakerArr30Music,			///< L R S
+	kSpeakerArr31Cine,			///< L R C Lfe
+	kSpeakerArr31Music,			///< L R Lfe S
+	kSpeakerArr40Cine,			///< L R C   S (LCRS)
+	kSpeakerArr40Music,			///< L R Ls  Rs (Quadro)
+	kSpeakerArr41Cine,			///< L R C   Lfe S (LCRS+Lfe)
+	kSpeakerArr41Music,			///< L R Lfe Ls Rs (Quadro+Lfe)
+	kSpeakerArr50,				///< L R C Ls  Rs 
+	kSpeakerArr51,				///< L R C Lfe Ls Rs
+	kSpeakerArr60Cine,			///< L R C   Ls  Rs Cs
+	kSpeakerArr60Music,			///< L R Ls  Rs  Sl Sr 
+	kSpeakerArr61Cine,			///< L R C   Lfe Ls Rs Cs
+	kSpeakerArr61Music,			///< L R Lfe Ls  Rs Sl Sr 
+	kSpeakerArr70Cine,			///< L R C Ls  Rs Lc Rc 
+	kSpeakerArr70Music,			///< L R C Ls  Rs Sl Sr
+	kSpeakerArr71Cine,			///< L R C Lfe Ls Rs Lc Rc
+	kSpeakerArr71Music,			///< L R C Lfe Ls Rs Sl Sr
+	kSpeakerArr80Cine,			///< L R C Ls  Rs Lc Rc Cs
+	kSpeakerArr80Music,			///< L R C Ls  Rs Cs Sl Sr
+	kSpeakerArr81Cine,			///< L R C Lfe Ls Rs Lc Rc Cs
+	kSpeakerArr81Music,			///< L R C Lfe Ls Rs Cs Sl Sr 
+	kSpeakerArr102,				///< L R C Lfe Ls Rs Tfl Tfc Tfr Trl Trr Lfe2
+	kNumSpeakerArr
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Offline Processing
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Offline Task Description. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct VstOfflineTask
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	char processName[96];			///< set by plug-in
+
+	// audio access
+	double readPosition;			///< set by plug-in/Host
+	double writePosition;			///< set by plug-in/Host
+	VstInt32 readCount;				///< set by plug-in/Host
+	VstInt32 writeCount;			///< set by plug-in
+	VstInt32 sizeInputBuffer;		///< set by Host
+	VstInt32 sizeOutputBuffer;		///< set by Host
+	void* inputBuffer;				///< set by Host
+	void* outputBuffer;				///< set by Host
+	double positionToProcessFrom;	///< set by Host
+	double numFramesToProcess;		///< set by Host
+	double maxFramesToWrite;		///< set by plug-in
+
+	// other data access
+	void* extraBuffer;				///< set by plug-in
+	VstInt32 value;					///< set by Host or plug-in
+	VstInt32 index;					///< set by Host or plug-in
+
+	// file attributes
+	double numFramesInSourceFile;	///< set by Host
+	double sourceSampleRate;		///< set by Host or plug-in
+	double destinationSampleRate;	///< set by Host or plug-in
+	VstInt32 numSourceChannels;		///< set by Host or plug-in
+	VstInt32 numDestinationChannels;///< set by Host or plug-in
+	VstInt32 sourceFormat;			///< set by Host
+	VstInt32 destinationFormat;		///< set by plug-in
+	char outputText[512];			///< set by plug-in or Host
+
+	// progress notification
+	double progress;				///< set by plug-in
+	VstInt32 progressMode;			///< Reserved for future use
+	char progressText[100];			///< set by plug-in
+
+	VstInt32 flags;					///< set by Host and plug-in; see enum #VstOfflineTaskFlags
+	VstInt32 returnValue;			///< Reserved for future use
+	void* hostOwned;				///< set by Host
+	void* plugOwned;				///< set by plug-in
+
+	char future[1024];				///< Reserved for future use
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Flags used in #VstOfflineTask. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstOfflineTaskFlags
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	kVstOfflineUnvalidParameter	= 1 << 0,	///< set by Host
+	kVstOfflineNewFile			= 1 << 1,	///< set by Host
+
+	kVstOfflinePlugError		= 1 << 10,	///< set by plug-in
+	kVstOfflineInterleavedAudio	= 1 << 11,	///< set by plug-in
+	kVstOfflineTempOutputFile	= 1 << 12,	///< set by plug-in
+	kVstOfflineFloatOutputFile	= 1 << 13,	///< set by plug-in
+	kVstOfflineRandomWrite		= 1 << 14,	///< set by plug-in
+	kVstOfflineStretch			= 1 << 15,	///< set by plug-in
+	kVstOfflineNoThread			= 1 << 16	///< set by plug-in
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Option passed to #offlineRead/#offlineWrite. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstOfflineOption
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   kVstOfflineAudio,		///< reading/writing audio samples
+   kVstOfflinePeaks,		///< reading graphic representation
+   kVstOfflineParameter,	///< reading/writing parameters
+   kVstOfflineMarker,		///< reading/writing marker
+   kVstOfflineCursor,		///< reading/moving edit cursor
+   kVstOfflineSelection,	///< reading/changing selection
+   kVstOfflineQueryFiles	///< to request the Host to call asynchronously #offlineNotify
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Structure passed to #offlineNotify and #offlineStart */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct VstAudioFile
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	VstInt32 flags;					///< see enum #VstAudioFileFlags
+	void* hostOwned;				///< any data private to Host
+	void* plugOwned;				///< any data private to plug-in
+	char name[kVstMaxFileNameLen];	///< file title
+	VstInt32 uniqueId;				///< uniquely identify a file during a session
+	double sampleRate;				///< file sample rate
+	VstInt32 numChannels;			///< number of channels (1 for mono, 2 for stereo...)
+	double numFrames;				///< number of frames in the audio file
+	VstInt32 format;				///< Reserved for future use
+	double editCursorPosition;		///< -1 if no such cursor
+	double selectionStart;			///< frame index of first selected frame, or -1
+	double selectionSize;			///< number of frames in selection, or 0
+	VstInt32 selectedChannelsMask;	///< 1 bit per channel
+	VstInt32 numMarkers;			///< number of markers in the file
+	VstInt32 timeRulerUnit;			///< see doc for possible values
+	double timeRulerOffset;			///< offset in time ruler (positive or negative)
+	double tempo;					///< as BPM (Beats Per Minute)
+	VstInt32 timeSigNumerator;		///< time signature numerator
+	VstInt32 timeSigDenominator;	///< time signature denominator
+	VstInt32 ticksPerBlackNote;		///< resolution
+	VstInt32 smpteFrameRate;		///< SMPTE rate (set as in #VstTimeInfo)
+
+	char future[64];				///< Reserved for future use
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Flags used in #VstAudioFile. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstAudioFileFlags
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	kVstOfflineReadOnly				= 1 << 0,	///< set by Host (in call #offlineNotify)
+	kVstOfflineNoRateConversion		= 1 << 1,	///< set by Host (in call #offlineNotify)
+	kVstOfflineNoChannelChange		= 1 << 2,	///< set by Host (in call #offlineNotify)
+
+	kVstOfflineCanProcessSelection	= 1 << 10,	///< set by plug-in (in call #offlineStart)
+	kVstOfflineNoCrossfade			= 1 << 11,	///< set by plug-in (in call #offlineStart)
+	kVstOfflineWantRead				= 1 << 12,	///< set by plug-in (in call #offlineStart)
+	kVstOfflineWantWrite			= 1 << 13,	///< set by plug-in (in call #offlineStart)
+	kVstOfflineWantWriteMarker		= 1 << 14,	///< set by plug-in (in call #offlineStart)
+	kVstOfflineWantMoveCursor		= 1 << 15,	///< set by plug-in (in call #offlineStart)
+	kVstOfflineWantSelect			= 1 << 16	///< set by plug-in (in call #offlineStart)
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Audio file marker. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct VstAudioFileMarker
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	double position;		///< marker position
+	char name[32];			///< marker name
+	VstInt32 type;			///< marker type
+	VstInt32 id;			///< marker identifier
+	VstInt32 reserved;		///< reserved for future use
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Others
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** \deprecated Structure used for #openWindow and #closeWindow (deprecated in VST 2.4). */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct DECLARE_VST_DEPRECATED (VstWindow)
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	char title[128];
+	VstInt16 xPos;
+	VstInt16 yPos;
+	VstInt16 width;
+	VstInt16 height;
+	VstInt32 style;
+	void* parent;
+	void* userHandle;
+	void* winHandle;
+
+	char future[104];
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Structure used for keyUp/keyDown. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct VstKeyCode
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	VstInt32 character;		///< ASCII character
+	unsigned char virt;     ///< @see VstVirtualKey
+	unsigned char modifier; ///< @see VstModifierKey
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Platform-independent definition of Virtual Keys (used in #VstKeyCode). */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstVirtualKey 
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	VKEY_BACK = 1, 
+	VKEY_TAB, 
+	VKEY_CLEAR, 
+	VKEY_RETURN, 
+	VKEY_PAUSE, 
+	VKEY_ESCAPE, 
+	VKEY_SPACE, 
+	VKEY_NEXT, 
+	VKEY_END, 
+	VKEY_HOME, 
+	VKEY_LEFT, 
+	VKEY_UP, 
+	VKEY_RIGHT, 
+	VKEY_DOWN, 
+	VKEY_PAGEUP, 
+	VKEY_PAGEDOWN, 
+	VKEY_SELECT, 
+	VKEY_PRINT, 
+	VKEY_ENTER, 
+	VKEY_SNAPSHOT, 
+	VKEY_INSERT, 
+	VKEY_DELETE, 
+	VKEY_HELP, 
+	VKEY_NUMPAD0, 
+	VKEY_NUMPAD1, 
+	VKEY_NUMPAD2, 
+	VKEY_NUMPAD3, 
+	VKEY_NUMPAD4, 
+	VKEY_NUMPAD5, 
+	VKEY_NUMPAD6, 
+	VKEY_NUMPAD7, 
+	VKEY_NUMPAD8, 
+	VKEY_NUMPAD9, 
+	VKEY_MULTIPLY, 
+	VKEY_ADD, 
+	VKEY_SEPARATOR, 
+	VKEY_SUBTRACT, 
+	VKEY_DECIMAL, 
+	VKEY_DIVIDE, 
+	VKEY_F1, 
+	VKEY_F2, 
+	VKEY_F3, 
+	VKEY_F4, 
+	VKEY_F5, 
+	VKEY_F6, 
+	VKEY_F7, 
+	VKEY_F8, 
+	VKEY_F9, 
+	VKEY_F10, 
+	VKEY_F11, 
+	VKEY_F12, 
+	VKEY_NUMLOCK, 
+	VKEY_SCROLL,
+	VKEY_SHIFT,
+	VKEY_CONTROL,
+	VKEY_ALT,
+	VKEY_EQUALS
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Modifier flags used in #VstKeyCode. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstModifierKey
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	MODIFIER_SHIFT     = 1<<0, ///< Shift
+	MODIFIER_ALTERNATE = 1<<1, ///< Alt
+	MODIFIER_COMMAND   = 1<<2, ///< Control on Mac
+	MODIFIER_CONTROL   = 1<<3  ///< Ctrl on PC, Apple on Mac
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** File filter used in #VstFileSelect. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+typedef struct VstFileType
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	char name[128];				///< display name
+	char macType[8];			///< MacOS type
+	char dosType[8];			///< Windows file extension
+	char unixType[8];			///< Unix file extension
+	char mimeType1[128];		///< MIME type
+	char mimeType2[128];		///< additional MIME type
+
+#ifdef  __cplusplus
+	VstFileType (const char* _name = 0, const char* _macType = 0, const char* _dosType = 0,
+				 const char* _unixType = 0, const char* _mimeType1 = 0, const char* _mimeType2 = 0)
+	{
+		vst_strncpy (name, _name ? _name : "", 127);
+		vst_strncpy (macType, _macType ? _macType : "", 7);
+		vst_strncpy (dosType, _dosType ? _dosType : "", 7);
+		vst_strncpy (unixType, _unixType ? _unixType : "", 7);
+		vst_strncpy (mimeType1, _mimeType1 ? _mimeType1 : "", 127);
+		vst_strncpy (mimeType2, _mimeType2 ? _mimeType2 : "", 127);
+	}
+#endif // __cplusplus
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+} VstFileType;
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** File Selector Description used in #audioMasterOpenFileSelector. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct VstFileSelect
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	VstInt32 command;           ///< @see VstFileSelectCommand
+	VstInt32 type;              ///< @see VstFileSelectType
+	VstInt32 macCreator;        ///< optional: 0 = no creator
+	VstInt32 nbFileTypes;       ///< number of fileTypes
+	VstFileType* fileTypes;		///< list of fileTypes  @see VstFileType
+	char title[1024];			///< text to display in file selector's title
+	char* initialPath;			///< initial path
+	char* returnPath;			///< use with #kVstFileLoad and #kVstDirectorySelect. null: Host allocates memory, plug-in must call #closeOpenFileSelector!
+	VstInt32 sizeReturnPath;	///< size of allocated memory for return paths
+	char** returnMultiplePaths; ///< use with kVstMultipleFilesLoad. Host allocates memory, plug-in must call #closeOpenFileSelector!
+	VstInt32 nbReturnPath;		///< number of selected paths
+	VstIntPtr reserved;			///< reserved for Host application
+
+	char future[116];			///< reserved for future use
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Command constants used in #VstFileSelect structure. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstFileSelectCommand
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	kVstFileLoad = 0,		///< for loading a file
+	kVstFileSave,			///< for saving a file
+	kVstMultipleFilesLoad,	///< for loading multiple files
+	kVstDirectorySelect		///< for selecting a directory/folder
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Types used in #VstFileSelect structure. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstFileSelectType
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	kVstFileType = 0		///< regular file selector
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Structure used for #effBeginLoadBank/#effBeginLoadProgram. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct VstPatchChunkInfo
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	VstInt32 version;			///< Format Version (should be 1)
+	VstInt32 pluginUniqueID;	///< UniqueID of the plug-in
+	VstInt32 pluginVersion;		///< Plug-in Version
+	VstInt32 numElements;		///< Number of Programs (Bank) or Parameters (Program)
+
+	char future[48];			///< Reserved for future use
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** PanLaw Type. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstPanLawType
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	kLinearPanLaw = 0,	///< L = pan * M; R = (1 - pan) * M;
+	kEqualPowerPanLaw	///< L = pow (pan, 0.5) * M; R = pow ((1 - pan), 0.5) * M;
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Process Levels returned by #audioMasterGetCurrentProcessLevel. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstProcessLevels
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	kVstProcessLevelUnknown = 0,	///< not supported by Host
+	kVstProcessLevelUser,			///< 1: currently in user thread (GUI)
+	kVstProcessLevelRealtime,		///< 2: currently in audio thread (where process is called)
+	kVstProcessLevelPrefetch,		///< 3: currently in 'sequencer' thread (MIDI, timer etc)
+	kVstProcessLevelOffline			///< 4: currently offline processing and thus in user thread
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Automation States returned by #audioMasterGetAutomationState. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+enum VstAutomationStates
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	kVstAutomationUnsupported = 0,	///< not supported by Host
+	kVstAutomationOff,				///< off
+	kVstAutomationRead,				///< read
+	kVstAutomationWrite,			///< write
+	kVstAutomationReadWrite			///< read and write
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#if PLATFORM_MAC
+	#pragma options align=reset
+#elif PLATFORM_WINDOWS || defined(__FLAT__)
+	#pragma pack(pop)
+#elif defined __BORLANDC__
+	#pragma -a-
+#endif
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#endif //__aeffectx__
diff --git a/Source/VST_SDK/pluginterfaces/vst2.x/vstfxstore.h b/Source/VST_SDK/pluginterfaces/vst2.x/vstfxstore.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f80a95
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/VST_SDK/pluginterfaces/vst2.x/vstfxstore.h
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Project     : VST SDK
+// Version     : 2.4
+//
+// Category    : VST 2.x Interfaces
+// Filename    : pluginterfaces/vst2.x/vstfxstore.h
+// Created by  : Steinberg, 01/2004
+// Description : Definition of Program (fxp) and Bank (fxb) structures
+// 
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// LICENSE
+// (c) 2016, Steinberg Media Technologies GmbH, All Rights Reserved
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// This Software Development Kit may not be distributed in parts or its entirety  
+// without prior written agreement by Steinberg Media Technologies GmbH. 
+// This SDK must not be used to re-engineer or manipulate any technology used  
+// in any Steinberg or Third-party application or software module, 
+// unless permitted by law.
+// Neither the name of the Steinberg Media Technologies nor the names of its
+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this 
+// software without specific prior written permission.
+// 
+// THIS SDK IS PROVIDED BY STEINBERG MEDIA TECHNOLOGIES GMBH "AS IS" AND
+// ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 
+// WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+// IN NO EVENT SHALL STEINBERG MEDIA TECHNOLOGIES GMBH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 
+// INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, 
+// BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF 
+// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE 
+// OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+// OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef __vstfxstore__
+#define __vstfxstore__
+
+#ifndef __aeffect__
+#include "aeffect.h"
+#endif
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Root chunk identifier for Programs (fxp) and Banks (fxb). */
+#define cMagic				'CcnK'
+
+/** Regular Program (fxp) identifier. */
+#define fMagic				'FxCk'
+
+/** Regular Bank (fxb) identifier. */
+#define bankMagic			'FxBk'
+
+/** Program (fxp) identifier for opaque chunk data. */
+#define chunkPresetMagic	'FPCh'
+
+/** Bank (fxb) identifier for opaque chunk data. */
+#define chunkBankMagic		'FBCh'
+
+/* 
+	Note: The C data structures below are for illustration only. You can not read/write them directly.
+	The byte order on disk of fxp and fxb files is Big Endian. You have to swap integer
+	and floating-point values on Little Endian platforms (Windows, MacIntel)!
+*/
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Program (fxp) structure. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+typedef struct fxProgram
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	VstInt32 chunkMagic;		///< 'CcnK'
+	VstInt32 byteSize;			///< size of this chunk, excl. magic + byteSize
+
+	VstInt32 fxMagic;			///< 'FxCk' (regular) or 'FPCh' (opaque chunk)
+	VstInt32 version;			///< format version (currently 1)
+	VstInt32 fxID;				///< fx unique ID
+	VstInt32 fxVersion;			///< fx version
+
+	VstInt32 numParams;			///< number of parameters
+	char prgName[28];			///< program name (null-terminated ASCII string)
+
+	union
+	{
+		float params[1];		///< variable sized array with parameter values
+		struct 
+		{
+			VstInt32 size;		///< size of program data
+			char chunk[1];		///< variable sized array with opaque program data
+		} data;					///< program chunk data
+	} content;					///< program content depending on fxMagic
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+} fxProgram;
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Bank (fxb) structure. */
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct fxBank
+{
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	VstInt32 chunkMagic;		///< 'CcnK'
+	VstInt32 byteSize;			///< size of this chunk, excl. magic + byteSize
+
+	VstInt32 fxMagic;			///< 'FxBk' (regular) or 'FBCh' (opaque chunk)
+	VstInt32 version;			///< format version (1 or 2)
+	VstInt32 fxID;				///< fx unique ID
+	VstInt32 fxVersion;			///< fx version
+
+	VstInt32 numPrograms;		///< number of programs
+
+#if VST_2_4_EXTENSIONS
+	VstInt32 currentProgram;	///< version 2: current program number
+	char future[124];			///< reserved, should be zero
+#else
+	char future[128];			///< reserved, should be zero
+#endif
+
+	union
+	{
+		fxProgram programs[1];	///< variable number of programs
+		struct
+		{
+			VstInt32 size;		///< size of bank data
+			char chunk[1];		///< variable sized array with opaque bank data
+		} data;					///< bank chunk data
+	} content;					///< bank content depending on fxMagic
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+};
+
+#endif // __vstfxstore__
diff --git a/脑浆炸裂女孩 - 初音ミク.mid b/脑浆炸裂女孩 - 初音ミク.mid
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..00ddc03
Binary files /dev/null and b/脑浆炸裂女孩 - 初音ミク.mid differ