diff --git a/.kilocode/rules/rules.md b/.kilocode/rules/rules.md
index f9043f0..59aba15 100644
--- a/.kilocode/rules/rules.md
+++ b/.kilocode/rules/rules.md
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
     1.  读取现有文件内容。
     2.  生成差异（Diff）或补丁块。
     3.  调用 `apply_diff` 精确替换目标代码块。
+    4.  头文件引用路径是相对于模块的，每个src文件夹下的子文件夹都是一个模块
   * **目的**: 最小化上下文消耗，保留文件中未修改部分的完整性，避免因全量写入导致的意外截断或格式丢失。
 
 ### 代码创建模式 (Creating Code)
@@ -24,7 +25,8 @@
     2.  构建完整的文件内容（包含所有必要的头部引用、类定义等）。
     3.  调用 `write_to_file` 将内容一次性写入磁盘。
     4.  **禁止行为**: 严禁一次性编写600行以上代码，这样会导致截断，如果过长必须分多次写入。
+    5.  不需要修改任何CMakeLists.txt，所有源文件都是自动收集的
 
 ### 子任务模式
 
-> **规则**: 完成子任务时，必须将未完成、临时修改或未来改进部分编写进总结中
+> **规则**: 完成子任务时，必须将未完成、临时修改、简化实现或未来改进部分编写进总结中
diff --git a/example/test_thread/main.cpp b/example/test_thread/main.cpp
index 65edddb..e05944b 100644
--- a/example/test_thread/main.cpp
+++ b/example/test_thread/main.cpp
@@ -20,14 +20,16 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
 	config.target_fps            = 240;
 	config.enable_validation     = true;
 	config.vsync                 = true;
+	config.triple_buffering      = false;
+	config.adaptive_sync         = true;
 
 	if (!app.initialize(config)) {
 		return -1;
 	}
 
 	// auto texture_id = app.texture_mgr()->load_texture("D:\\G2uY1fJa8AAOucs.jpg").value();
-	auto texture_id   = app.texture_mgr()->load_texture("D:\\screenshot-20251128-165627.png").value();
-	auto tex_size = app.texture_mgr()->get_texture(texture_id)->size().cast<float>();
+	auto texture_id = app.texture_mgr()->load_texture("D:\\screenshot-20251128-165627.png").value();
+	auto tex_size   = app.texture_mgr()->get_texture(texture_id)->size().cast<float>();
 
 	auto root_widget = new_widget<scroll_box>()[
 		new_widget<overlay>()[
diff --git a/src/app/application.cpp b/src/app/application.cpp
index d2f7891..a00decd 100644
--- a/src/app/application.cpp
+++ b/src/app/application.cpp
@@ -228,7 +228,14 @@ namespace mirage::app {
 		threading::coordinator_config coord_config{};
 		coord_config.enable_multithreading = config.enable_multithreading;
 		coord_config.max_frames_in_flight  = 2;
-
+		coord_config.adaptive_sync = config.adaptive_sync;
+		
+		// 配置渲染参数
+		coord_config.render_cfg.vsync_enabled = config.vsync;
+		coord_config.render_cfg.target_fps = config.target_fps;
+		coord_config.render_cfg.triple_buffering = config.triple_buffering;
+		coord_config.render_cfg.adaptive_sync = config.adaptive_sync;
+	
 		coordinator_->start(coord_config);
 
 		// ========================================================================
@@ -240,7 +247,7 @@ namespace mirage::app {
 
 		std::cout << "[application] Initialized successfully" << std::endl;
 		std::cout << "  - Window: " << current_width_ << "x" << current_height_ << std::endl;
-		std::cout << "  - VSync: " << (config.vsync ? "enabled" : "disabled") << std::endl;
+		std::cout << "  - Present Mode: " << get_present_mode_string() << std::endl;
 		std::cout << "  - Multithreading: " << (config.enable_multithreading ? "enabled" : "disabled") << std::endl;
 		std::cout << "  - Target FPS: " << config.target_fps << std::endl;
 
@@ -323,6 +330,29 @@ namespace mirage::app {
 		resize_callback_ = std::move(callback);
 	}
 
+	// ============================================================================
+	// 配置查询
+	// ============================================================================
+
+	auto application::is_vrr_enabled() const -> bool {
+		return config_.adaptive_sync;
+	}
+
+	auto application::get_present_mode_string() const -> std::string {
+		if (config_.adaptive_sync) {
+			return "Adaptive Sync (VRR)";
+		}
+		
+		if (config_.vsync) {
+			if (config_.triple_buffering) {
+				return "VSync + Triple Buffering";
+			}
+			return "VSync (Double Buffering)";
+		}
+		
+		return "Immediate (No VSync)";
+	}
+
 	// ============================================================================
 	// 内部方法
 	// ============================================================================
diff --git a/src/app/application.h b/src/app/application.h
index 4d766bd..37915f6 100644
--- a/src/app/application.h
+++ b/src/app/application.h
@@ -55,6 +55,8 @@ struct application_config {
     bool enable_multithreading = true;          ///< 是否启用多线程渲染
     int target_fps = 60;                        ///< 目标帧率
     bool enable_validation = true;              ///< 是否启用 Vulkan 验证层
+    bool adaptive_sync = false;                 ///< 是否启用自适应同步（VRR）
+    bool triple_buffering = true;               ///< 是否启用三缓冲
 };
 
 // ============================================================================
@@ -210,6 +212,20 @@ public:
     /// @return 纹理管理器指针
     [[nodiscard]] auto texture_mgr() const { return texture_manager_.get(); }
     
+    // ========================================================================
+    // 配置查询
+    // ========================================================================
+    
+    /// @brief 查询当前是否启用了 VRR（可变刷新率）
+    ///
+    /// @return 如果启用了自适应同步返回 true
+    [[nodiscard]] auto is_vrr_enabled() const -> bool;
+    
+    /// @brief 获取当前呈现模式描述
+    ///
+    /// @return 呈现模式的字符串描述
+    [[nodiscard]] auto get_present_mode_string() const -> std::string;
+    
     // ========================================================================
     // 回调设置
     // ========================================================================
diff --git a/src/app/threading/frame_sync.h b/src/app/threading/frame_sync.h
index 2b8c5c4..58f16fd 100644
--- a/src/app/threading/frame_sync.h
+++ b/src/app/threading/frame_sync.h
@@ -52,10 +52,10 @@ namespace mirage::app::threading {
 class frame_sync {
 public:
     /// @brief 构造函数
-    /// 
-    /// @param max_frames_in_flight 最大飞行帧数，默认为 2
+    ///
+    /// @param max_frames_in_flight 最大飞行帧数，默认为 3
     ///        这决定了布局线程可以领先渲染线程多少帧
-    explicit frame_sync(int max_frames_in_flight = 2)
+    explicit frame_sync(int max_frames_in_flight = 3)
         : frame_slots_(max_frames_in_flight)
         , layout_ready_(0)
         , frame_number_(0)
diff --git a/src/app/threading/render_thread.h b/src/app/threading/render_thread.h
index 992e662..7f496ac 100644
--- a/src/app/threading/render_thread.h
+++ b/src/app/threading/render_thread.h
@@ -32,12 +32,13 @@ namespace mirage::app::threading {
 // ============================================================================
 
 /// @brief 渲染配置
-/// 
+///
 /// 控制渲染线程的行为参数
 struct render_config {
     bool vsync_enabled = true;      ///< 是否启用垂直同步
     int target_fps = 60;            ///< 目标帧率（当 vsync 禁用时使用）
-    bool triple_buffering = false;  ///< 是否启用三缓冲
+    bool triple_buffering = true;   ///< 是否启用三缓冲
+    bool adaptive_sync = false;     ///< 是否启用自适应同步
 };
 
 // ============================================================================
diff --git a/src/app/threading/thread_coordinator.cpp b/src/app/threading/thread_coordinator.cpp
index 17a2266..5ec506b 100644
--- a/src/app/threading/thread_coordinator.cpp
+++ b/src/app/threading/thread_coordinator.cpp
@@ -282,8 +282,10 @@ void thread_coordinator::create_threads(const coordinator_config& config) {
     // 4. 创建渲染线程
     render_thread_ = std::make_unique<render_thread>(*tree_buffer_, *frame_sync_, pipeline_);
     
-    // 5. 设置渲染配置
-    render_thread_->set_config(config.render_cfg);
+    // 5. 设置渲染配置（包括 adaptive_sync）
+    render_config render_cfg = config.render_cfg;
+    render_cfg.adaptive_sync = config.adaptive_sync;
+    render_thread_->set_config(render_cfg);
     
     // 6. 启动线程（先启动渲染线程，再启动布局线程）
     render_thread_->start();
diff --git a/src/app/threading/thread_coordinator.h b/src/app/threading/thread_coordinator.h
index 4cd7075..c3372a5 100644
--- a/src/app/threading/thread_coordinator.h
+++ b/src/app/threading/thread_coordinator.h
@@ -30,11 +30,12 @@ namespace mirage::app::threading {
 // ============================================================================
 
 /// @brief 协调器配置
-/// 
+///
 /// 控制线程协调器的行为参数
 struct coordinator_config {
-    int max_frames_in_flight = 2;       ///< 最大飞行帧数
+    int max_frames_in_flight = 3;       ///< 最大飞行帧数
     bool enable_multithreading = true;  ///< 是否启用多线程（可以禁用回退到单线程模式）
+    bool adaptive_sync = false;         ///< 是否启用自适应同步
     render_config render_cfg;           ///< 渲染配置
 };
 
diff --git a/src/render/pipeline/frame_scheduler.cpp b/src/render/pipeline/frame_scheduler.cpp
index ca13c09..ab039e9 100644
--- a/src/render/pipeline/frame_scheduler.cpp
+++ b/src/render/pipeline/frame_scheduler.cpp
@@ -15,7 +15,9 @@ namespace mirage {
 		const config&           cfg
 	) : device_(device)
 	  , swapchain_(swapchain)
-	  , config_(cfg) {
+	  , config_(cfg)
+	  , vsync_(cfg.vsync)
+	  , adaptive_sync_(cfg.adaptive_sync) {
 	}
 
 	frame_scheduler::~frame_scheduler() {
@@ -348,8 +350,8 @@ namespace mirage {
 		// 清理旧资源
 		cleanup_swapchain_resources();
 
-		// 重建 Swapchain
-		auto result = swapchain_.recreate(pending_width_, pending_height_, swapchain_.is_vsync_enabled());
+		// 重建 Swapchain，传递 adaptive_sync 参数
+		auto result = swapchain_.recreate(pending_width_, pending_height_, vsync_, adaptive_sync_);
 		if (!result) {
 			throw std::runtime_error("Failed to recreate swapchain");
 		}
diff --git a/src/render/pipeline/frame_scheduler.h b/src/render/pipeline/frame_scheduler.h
index 0d6c92d..78ca34d 100644
--- a/src/render/pipeline/frame_scheduler.h
+++ b/src/render/pipeline/frame_scheduler.h
@@ -15,7 +15,9 @@ namespace mirage {
 	public:
 		/// 配置选项
 		struct config {
-			uint32_t frames_in_flight = 2; ///< 并行帧数（双缓冲/三缓冲）
+			uint32_t frames_in_flight = 3; ///< 并行帧数（双缓冲/三缓冲）
+			bool     vsync            = true;  ///< 垂直同步
+			bool     adaptive_sync    = false; ///< 自适应同步（VRR）
 		};
 
 		/// 构造函数
@@ -79,7 +81,11 @@ namespace mirage {
 	private:
 		logical_device& device_;
 		swapchain&      swapchain_;
-		config                  config_;
+		config          config_;
+
+		/// 同步配置
+		bool vsync_         = true;
+		bool adaptive_sync_ = false;
 
 		/// Acquire 信号量（按帧索引）
 		std::vector<vk::Semaphore> acquire_semaphores_;
diff --git a/src/render/pipeline/geometry_renderer.h b/src/render/pipeline/geometry_renderer.h
index e4c26cc..f90f976 100644
--- a/src/render/pipeline/geometry_renderer.h
+++ b/src/render/pipeline/geometry_renderer.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ namespace mirage {
 	public:
 		/// 配置参数
 		struct config {
-			uint32_t frames_in_flight        = 2;    ///< 并行帧数
+			uint32_t frames_in_flight        = 3;    ///< 并行帧数
 			uint32_t initial_vertex_capacity = 4096; ///< 初始顶点容量
 			uint32_t initial_index_capacity  = 8192; ///< 初始索引容量
 		};
diff --git a/src/render/pipeline/image_renderer.h b/src/render/pipeline/image_renderer.h
index bb219eb..ffc774f 100644
--- a/src/render/pipeline/image_renderer.h
+++ b/src/render/pipeline/image_renderer.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ namespace mirage {
 	public:
 		/// 配置参数
 		struct config {
-			uint32_t frames_in_flight        = 2;    ///< 并行帧数
+			uint32_t frames_in_flight        = 3;    ///< 并行帧数
 			uint32_t initial_vertex_capacity = 1024; ///< 初始顶点容量（降低以节省内存）
 			uint32_t initial_index_capacity  = 2048; ///< 初始索引容量（降低以节省内存）
 			uint32_t max_textures_per_frame  = 32;   ///< 每帧最大纹理数（降低以节省内存）
diff --git a/src/render/pipeline/mask_renderer.h b/src/render/pipeline/mask_renderer.h
index f1e670b..4e1bc5b 100644
--- a/src/render/pipeline/mask_renderer.h
+++ b/src/render/pipeline/mask_renderer.h
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ namespace mirage {
 	public:
 		/// @brief 配置参数
 		struct config {
-			uint32_t frames_in_flight         = 2; ///< 并行帧数
+			uint32_t frames_in_flight         = 3; ///< 并行帧数
 			uint32_t initial_target_pool_size = 4; ///< 初始渲染目标池大小
 		};
 
diff --git a/src/render/pipeline/post_effect_applicator.h b/src/render/pipeline/post_effect_applicator.h
index c695f3f..4439e14 100644
--- a/src/render/pipeline/post_effect_applicator.h
+++ b/src/render/pipeline/post_effect_applicator.h
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ namespace mirage {
 		post_effect_applicator& operator=(const post_effect_applicator&) = delete;
 
 		/// 初始化 Pipeline 和临时资源
-		void initialize(uint32_t max_width, uint32_t max_height, uint32_t frames_in_flight = 2);
+		void initialize(uint32_t max_width, uint32_t max_height, uint32_t frames_in_flight = 3);
 
 		// 注入统一目标池
 		void set_target_pool(mirage::render::unified_target_pool* pool) { target_pool_ = pool; }
diff --git a/src/render/pipeline/render_pipeline.cpp b/src/render/pipeline/render_pipeline.cpp
index 2756a56..102250c 100644
--- a/src/render/pipeline/render_pipeline.cpp
+++ b/src/render/pipeline/render_pipeline.cpp
@@ -67,7 +67,8 @@ namespace mirage {
 			device_,
 			swapchain_,
 			frame_scheduler::config{
-				.frames_in_flight = config_.frames_in_flight
+				.frames_in_flight = config_.frames_in_flight,
+				.adaptive_sync = config_.adaptive_sync
 			}
 		);
 		scheduler_->initialize();
diff --git a/src/render/pipeline/render_pipeline.h b/src/render/pipeline/render_pipeline.h
index d176aa5..fb3a1a9 100644
--- a/src/render/pipeline/render_pipeline.h
+++ b/src/render/pipeline/render_pipeline.h
@@ -33,7 +33,8 @@ namespace mirage {
 	public:
 		/// 配置选项
 		struct config {
-			uint32_t frames_in_flight = 2; ///< 并行帧数（双缓冲/三缓冲）
+			uint32_t frames_in_flight = 3; ///< 并行帧数（双缓冲/三缓冲）
+			bool     adaptive_sync = false; ///< 自适应同步（VRR）
 		};
 
 		/// 构造函数
diff --git a/src/render/vulkan/swapchain.cpp b/src/render/vulkan/swapchain.cpp
index 88c3815..fe5a254 100644
--- a/src/render/vulkan/swapchain.cpp
+++ b/src/render/vulkan/swapchain.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,9 @@ namespace mirage {
 	  , physical_device_(physical_device)
 	  , surface_(surface)
 	  , resource_manager_(resource_manager)
-	  , vsync_(vsync) {
+	  , vsync_(vsync)
+	  , adaptive_sync_(false)
+	  , current_present_mode_(vk::PresentModeKHR::eFifo) {
 	}
 
 	swapchain::~swapchain() {
@@ -44,6 +46,8 @@ namespace mirage {
 	                                                   surface_(other.surface_),
 	                                                   resource_manager_(other.resource_manager_),
 	                                                   vsync_(other.vsync_),
+	                                                   adaptive_sync_(other.adaptive_sync_),
+	                                                   current_present_mode_(other.current_present_mode_),
 	                                                   images_(std::move(other.images_)),
 	                                                   image_views_(std::move(other.image_views_)) {
 		other.device_    = nullptr;
@@ -60,17 +64,19 @@ namespace mirage {
 					device_.destroySwapchainKHR(swapchain_);
 				}
 			}
-			device_           = other.device_;
-			present_queue_    = other.present_queue_;
-			swapchain_        = other.swapchain_;
-			format_           = other.format_;
-			extent_           = other.extent_;
-			physical_device_  = other.physical_device_;
-			surface_          = other.surface_;
-			resource_manager_ = other.resource_manager_;
-			vsync_            = other.vsync_;
-			images_           = std::move(other.images_);
-			image_views_      = std::move(other.image_views_);
+			device_               = other.device_;
+			present_queue_        = other.present_queue_;
+			swapchain_            = other.swapchain_;
+			format_               = other.format_;
+			extent_               = other.extent_;
+			physical_device_      = other.physical_device_;
+			surface_              = other.surface_;
+			resource_manager_     = other.resource_manager_;
+			vsync_                = other.vsync_;
+			adaptive_sync_        = other.adaptive_sync_;
+			current_present_mode_ = other.current_present_mode_;
+			images_               = std::move(other.images_);
+			image_views_          = std::move(other.image_views_);
 
 			other.device_    = nullptr;
 			other.swapchain_ = nullptr;
@@ -111,27 +117,38 @@ namespace mirage {
 	}
 
 	auto swapchain::choose_present_mode(const std::vector<vk::PresentModeKHR>& available_present_modes,
-	                                    bool                                   vsync) -> vk::PresentModeKHR {
-		if (vsync) {
-			// For VSync, FIFO is the standard mode (guaranteed to be available)
-			// It waits for the vertical blanking period
+	                                    bool                                   vsync,
+	                                    bool                                   adaptive_sync) -> vk::PresentModeKHR {
+		// 自适应同步模式：优先 FIFO_RELAXED (VRR)
+		if (adaptive_sync) {
+			for (const auto& mode : available_present_modes) {
+				if (mode == vk::PresentModeKHR::eFifoRelaxed) {
+					return mode;
+				}
+			}
+			// 回退到 FIFO
 			return vk::PresentModeKHR::eFifo;
 		}
-
-		// If VSync is disabled, prefer Mailbox (triple buffering) or Immediate (uncapped)
-		for (const auto& available_present_mode : available_present_modes) {
-			if (available_present_mode == vk::PresentModeKHR::eMailbox) {
-				return available_present_mode;
+	
+		// VSync 开启：使用 FIFO
+		if (vsync) {
+			return vk::PresentModeKHR::eFifo;
+		}
+	
+		// VSync 关闭：优先 Mailbox (三缓冲)，其次 Immediate (无上限)
+		for (const auto& mode : available_present_modes) {
+			if (mode == vk::PresentModeKHR::eMailbox) {
+				return mode;
 			}
 		}
-
-		// Fallback to Immediate if Mailbox is not available and VSync is disabled
-		for (const auto& available_present_mode : available_present_modes) {
-			if (available_present_mode == vk::PresentModeKHR::eImmediate) {
-				return available_present_mode;
+	
+		for (const auto& mode : available_present_modes) {
+			if (mode == vk::PresentModeKHR::eImmediate) {
+				return mode;
 			}
 		}
-
+	
+		// 最终回退到 FIFO（保证可用）
 		return vk::PresentModeKHR::eFifo;
 	}
 
@@ -161,7 +178,7 @@ namespace mirage {
 	) -> expected_t<swapchain> {
 		auto support        = query_support(physical_device, surface);
 		auto surface_format = choose_surface_format(support.formats);
-		auto present_mode   = choose_present_mode(support.present_modes, vsync);
+		auto present_mode   = choose_present_mode(support.present_modes, vsync, false);
 		auto extent         = choose_extent(support.capabilities, width, height);
 
 		uint32_t image_count = support.capabilities.minImageCount + 1;
@@ -206,6 +223,9 @@ namespace mirage {
 			&resource_manager,
 			vsync
 		);
+		
+		// 存储当前使用的呈现模式
+		new_swapchain.current_present_mode_ = present_mode;
 
 		auto [img_res, images] = device.getSwapchainImagesKHR(swapchain_handle);
 		if (img_res != vk::Result::eSuccess) {
@@ -225,12 +245,13 @@ namespace mirage {
 		return new_swapchain;
 	}
 
-	auto swapchain::recreate(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, bool vsync) -> expected_t<void> {
+	auto swapchain::recreate(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, bool vsync, bool adaptive_sync) -> expected_t<void> {
 		// 1. 等待设备空闲
 		(void)device_.waitIdle();
-
-		// Update vsync setting
+	
+		// Update vsync and adaptive_sync settings
 		vsync_ = vsync;
+		adaptive_sync_ = adaptive_sync;
 
 		// 2. 清理旧的图像视图
 		for (auto view : image_views_) {
@@ -241,8 +262,11 @@ namespace mirage {
 		// 3. 获取新的交换链支持信息
 		auto support        = query_support(physical_device_, surface_);
 		auto surface_format = choose_surface_format(support.formats);
-		auto present_mode   = choose_present_mode(support.present_modes, vsync_);
+		auto present_mode   = choose_present_mode(support.present_modes, vsync_, adaptive_sync_);
 		auto extent         = choose_extent(support.capabilities, width, height);
+		
+		// 存储当前使用的呈现模式
+		current_present_mode_ = present_mode;
 
 		uint32_t image_count = support.capabilities.minImageCount + 1;
 		if (support.capabilities.maxImageCount > 0 && image_count > support.capabilities.maxImageCount) {
@@ -372,4 +396,12 @@ namespace mirage {
 
 		return render_pass;
 	}
-} // namespace mirage
+	
+	auto swapchain::is_vrr_enabled() const -> bool {
+		return current_present_mode_ == vk::PresentModeKHR::eFifoRelaxed;
+	}
+	
+	auto swapchain::get_present_mode() const -> vk::PresentModeKHR {
+		return current_present_mode_;
+	}
+	} // namespace mirage
diff --git a/src/render/vulkan/swapchain.h b/src/render/vulkan/swapchain.h
index c73394b..8ec3d89 100644
--- a/src/render/vulkan/swapchain.h
+++ b/src/render/vulkan/swapchain.h
@@ -13,6 +13,11 @@ namespace mirage {
 			std::vector<vk::PresentModeKHR>   present_modes;
 		};
 
+		struct config {
+			bool vsync = true;
+			bool adaptive_sync = false;
+		};
+	
 		static auto create(
 			const logical_device& logical_device,
 			vk::PhysicalDevice    physical_device,
@@ -34,7 +39,7 @@ namespace mirage {
 		swapchain(swapchain&&) noexcept;
 		swapchain& operator=(swapchain&&) noexcept;
 
-		auto recreate(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, bool vsync) -> expected_t<void>;
+		auto recreate(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, bool vsync, bool adaptive_sync = false) -> expected_t<void>;
 
 		[[nodiscard]] auto acquire_next_image(vk::Semaphore semaphore, vk::Fence fence = nullptr,
 		                                      uint64_t      timeout = std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max()) -> expected_t<
@@ -47,6 +52,8 @@ namespace mirage {
 		[[nodiscard]] auto get_extent() const { return extent_; }
 		[[nodiscard]] auto get_format() const { return format_; }
 		[[nodiscard]] auto is_vsync_enabled() const { return vsync_; }
+		[[nodiscard]] auto is_vrr_enabled() const -> bool;
+		[[nodiscard]] auto get_present_mode() const -> vk::PresentModeKHR;
 
 		[[nodiscard]] auto create_default_render_pass() const -> expected_t<vk::RenderPass>;
 
@@ -72,8 +79,10 @@ namespace mirage {
 		// Stored for recreation
 		vk::PhysicalDevice physical_device_;
 		vk::SurfaceKHR     surface_;
-		resource_manager*  resource_manager_ = nullptr;
-		bool               vsync_            = false;
+		resource_manager*     resource_manager_     = nullptr;
+		bool                  vsync_                = false;
+		bool                  adaptive_sync_        = false;
+		vk::PresentModeKHR    current_present_mode_ = vk::PresentModeKHR::eFifo;
 
 		std::vector<vk::Image>     images_;
 		std::vector<vk::ImageView> image_views_;
@@ -82,7 +91,8 @@ namespace mirage {
 		static auto choose_surface_format(
 			const std::vector<vk::SurfaceFormatKHR>& available_formats) -> vk::SurfaceFormatKHR;
 		static auto choose_present_mode(const std::vector<vk::PresentModeKHR>& available_present_modes,
-		                                bool                                   vsync) -> vk::PresentModeKHR;
+		                                bool                                   vsync,
+		                                bool                                   adaptive_sync) -> vk::PresentModeKHR;
 		static auto choose_extent(const vk::SurfaceCapabilitiesKHR& capabilities, uint32_t width,
 		                          uint32_t                          height) -> vk::Extent2D;
 	};